151
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Shammaa R, El-Kadiry AEH, Abusarah J, Rafei M. Mesenchymal Stem Cells Beyond Regenerative Medicine. Front Cell Dev Biol 2020; 8:72. [PMID: 32133358 PMCID: PMC7040370 DOI: 10.3389/fcell.2020.00072] [Citation(s) in RCA: 51] [Impact Index Per Article: 12.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/20/2019] [Accepted: 01/27/2020] [Indexed: 12/12/2022] Open
Abstract
Mesenchymal stem cells (MSCs) are competent suitors of cellular therapy due to their therapeutic impact on tissue degeneration and immune-based pathologies. Additionally, their homing and immunomodulatory properties can be exploited in cancer malignancies to transport pharmacological entities, produce anti-neoplastic agents, or induce anti-tumor immunity. Herein, we create a portfolio for MSC properties, showcasing their distinct multiple therapeutic utilities and successes/challenges thereof in both animal studies and clinical trials. We further highlight the promising potential of MSCs not only in cancer management but also in instigating tumor-specific immunity - i.e., cancer vaccination. Finally, we reflect on the possible reasons impeding the clinical advancement of MSC-based cancer vaccines to assist in contriving novel methodologies from which a therapeutic milestone might emanate.
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Affiliation(s)
- Riam Shammaa
- Canadian Centre for Regenerative Therapy, Toronto, ON, Canada.,IntelliStem Technologies Inc., Toronto, ON, Canada.,Department of Family and Community Medicine, University of Toronto, Toronto, ON, Canada
| | - Abed El-Hakim El-Kadiry
- Laboratory of Thrombosis and Hemostasis, Montreal Heart Institute, Montreal, QC, Canada.,Department of Pharmacology and Physiology, Université de Montréal, Montreal, QC, Canada
| | - Jamilah Abusarah
- Department of Microbiology and Immunology, McGill University, Montreal, QC, Canada
| | - Moutih Rafei
- Department of Pharmacology and Physiology, Université de Montréal, Montreal, QC, Canada.,Department of Microbiology and Immunology, McGill University, Montreal, QC, Canada.,Department of Microbiology, Infectious Diseases and Immunology, Université de Montréal, Montreal, QC, Canada.,Molecular Biology Program, Université de Montréal, Montreal, QC, Canada
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152
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Le Thi Bich P, Nguyen Thi H, Dang Ngo Chau H, Phan Van T, Do Q, Dong Khac H, Le Van D, Nguyen Huy L, Mai Cong K, Ta Ba T, Do Minh T, Vu Bich N, Truong Chau N, Van Pham P. Allogeneic umbilical cord-derived mesenchymal stem cell transplantation for treating chronic obstructive pulmonary disease: a pilot clinical study. Stem Cell Res Ther 2020; 11:60. [PMID: 32054512 PMCID: PMC7020576 DOI: 10.1186/s13287-020-1583-4] [Citation(s) in RCA: 27] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/18/2019] [Revised: 01/02/2020] [Accepted: 02/04/2020] [Indexed: 12/12/2022] Open
Abstract
Introduction Chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD) is the third leading cause of death worldwide. COPD results from chronic inflammation of the lungs. Current treatments, including physical and chemical therapies, provide limited results. Stem cells, particularly mesenchymal stem cells (MSCs), are used to treat COPD. Here, we evaluated the safety and efficacy of umbilical cord-derived (UC)-MSCs for treating COPD. Methods Twenty patients were enrolled, 9 at stage C and 11 at stage D per the Global Initiative for Obstructive Lung Disease (GOLD) classification. Patients were infused with 106 cells/kg of expanded allogeneic UC-MSCs. All patients were followed for 6 months after the first infusion. The treatment end-point included a comprehensive safety evaluation, pulmonary function testing (PFT), and quality-of-life indicators including questionnaires, the 6-min walk test (6MWT), and systemic inflammation assessments. All patients completed the full infusion and 6-month follow-up. Results No infusion-related toxicities, deaths, or severe adverse events occurred that were deemed related to UC-MSC administration. The UC-MSC-transplanted patients showed a significantly reduced Modified Medical Research Council score, COPD assessment test, and number of exacerbations. However, the forced expiratory volume in 1 s, C-reactive protein, and 6MWT values were nonsignificantly reduced after treatment (1, 3, and 6 months) compared with those before the treatment. Conclusion Systemic UC-MSC administration appears to be safe in patients with moderate-to-severe COPD, can significantly improve their quality of life, and provides a basis for subsequent cell therapy investigations. Trial registration ISRCTN, ISRCTN70443938. Registered 06 July 2019
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Ha Nguyen Thi
- Van Hanh General Hospital, Ho Chi Minh City, Viet Nam
| | | | - Tien Phan Van
- Van Hanh General Hospital, Ho Chi Minh City, Viet Nam
| | - Quyet Do
- Vietnam Millitay Academy 103, Ha Noi, Viet Nam
| | | | - Dong Le Van
- Vietnam Millitay Academy 103, Ha Noi, Viet Nam
| | | | | | - Thang Ta Ba
- Vietnam Millitay Academy 103, Ha Noi, Viet Nam
| | | | - Ngoc Vu Bich
- Stem Cell Institute, VNUHCM University of Science, Ho Chi Minh City, Viet Nam
| | - Nhat Truong Chau
- Stem Cell Institute, VNUHCM University of Science, Ho Chi Minh City, Viet Nam
| | - Phuc Van Pham
- Stem Cell Institute, VNUHCM University of Science, Ho Chi Minh City, Viet Nam. .,Laboratory of Stem Cell Research and Application, VNUHCM University of Science, Ho Chi Minh City, Viet Nam.
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153
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Yan D, Tang B, Yan L, Zhang L, Miao M, Chen X, Sui G, Zhang Q, Liu D, Wang H. Sodium Selenite Improves The Therapeutic Effect Of BMSCs Via Promoting The Proliferation And Differentiation, Thereby Promoting The Hematopoietic Factors. Onco Targets Ther 2020; 12:9685-9696. [PMID: 32009801 PMCID: PMC6859959 DOI: 10.2147/ott.s209937] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/25/2019] [Accepted: 09/17/2019] [Indexed: 12/11/2022] Open
Abstract
Purpose Sodium selenite (Na2SeO3) has been known to restore the antioxidant capacity of bone marrow mesenchymal stem cells (BMSCs), reduce the production of reactive oxygen species (ROS) in the cells, and promote cell proliferation and inhibit cell apoptosis. However, it is still not clear whether selenium can mediate the differentiation and inhibit the induced hemagglutination of BMSCs. In this study, we attempted to explore the effect of Na2SeO3 on these aspects of BMSCs. Methods We evaluated the fate of the MSCs isolated from the bone marrow of mice by studying their differentiation and proliferation after treatment with Na2SeO3. We also simultaneously evaluated the coagulation reaction induced by Na2SeO3-treated BMSCs in vitro. Results While the mice-derived BMSCs expressed CD44, CD73, CD90, and CD105, they did not express CD45. The morphology of the derived cells was homogeneously elongated. These results showed that the isolated cells are indeed BMSCs. We found that 0.1 μM and 1 μM of Na2SeO3 promoted the proliferation and apoptosis of BMSCs, respectively. This showed that Na2SeO3 can be toxic and exert certain side effects on the BMSCs. The results of the osteogenic and adipogenic assay showed that 0.1 μM Na2SeO3 could significantly promote the osteogenic and adipogenic differentiation of BMSCs by upregulating the lipid factors (LPL and PPRAG) and osteogenic factors, RUNX2, COL1, and BGP, in a concentration-dependent manner. Coagulation experiments in animals (mice and rats) revealed that Na2SeO3 can reduce the coagulation time of BMSCs in a concentration-dependent manner, which is related to the high expression of hematopoietic factors (SDF-1α, GM-CSF, IL-7, IL-8, IL-11, and SCF). Conclusion Na2SeO3 promotes the proliferation and differentiation as well as reduces the coagulation time of BMSCs, and this effect might enhance the therapeutic effect of BMSCs.
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Affiliation(s)
- Dongmei Yan
- Department of Blood Transfusion, The Second Affiliated Hospital of Harbin Medical University, Harbin, People's Republic of China
| | - Botao Tang
- Department of Cardiology, Heilongjiang Red Cross Hospital, Harbin, People's Republic of China
| | - Lixin Yan
- Department of Laboratory Medicine, The Second Affiliated Hospital of Harbin Medical University, Harbin, People's Republic of China
| | - Lei Zhang
- Department of Blood Transfusion, The Second Affiliated Hospital of Harbin Medical University, Harbin, People's Republic of China
| | - Meijuan Miao
- Department of Blood Transfusion, The Second Affiliated Hospital of Harbin Medical University, Harbin, People's Republic of China
| | - Xi Chen
- Department of Hematology, The Second Affiliated Hospital of Harbin Medical University, Harbin, People's Republic of China
| | - Guangyi Sui
- Ethics Committee, The Tumor Hospital Affiliated to Harbin Medical University, Harbin, People's Republic of China
| | - Qi Zhang
- Department of Blood Transfusion, The Second Affiliated Hospital of Harbin Medical University, Harbin, People's Republic of China
| | - Daoyuan Liu
- Department of Blood Transfusion, The Second Affiliated Hospital of Harbin Medical University, Harbin, People's Republic of China
| | - Hui Wang
- Department of Blood Transfusion, The Second Affiliated Hospital of Harbin Medical University, Harbin, People's Republic of China
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154
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Update on mesenchymal stromal cell studies in organ transplant recipients. Curr Opin Organ Transplant 2020; 25:27-34. [DOI: 10.1097/mot.0000000000000716] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/03/2023]
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155
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Court AC, Le-Gatt A, Luz-Crawford P, Parra E, Aliaga-Tobar V, Bátiz LF, Contreras RA, Ortúzar MI, Kurte M, Elizondo-Vega R, Maracaja-Coutinho V, Pino-Lagos K, Figueroa FE, Khoury M. Mitochondrial transfer from MSCs to T cells induces Treg differentiation and restricts inflammatory response. EMBO Rep 2020; 21:e48052. [PMID: 31984629 DOI: 10.15252/embr.201948052] [Citation(s) in RCA: 120] [Impact Index Per Article: 30.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/07/2019] [Revised: 11/11/2019] [Accepted: 11/29/2019] [Indexed: 12/15/2022] Open
Abstract
Mesenchymal stem cells (MSCs) have fueled ample translation for the treatment of immune-mediated diseases. They exert immunoregulatory and tissue-restoring effects. MSC-mediated transfer of mitochondria (MitoT) has been demonstrated to rescue target organs from tissue damage, yet the mechanism remains to be fully resolved. Therefore, we explored the effect of MitoT on lymphoid cells. Here, we describe dose-dependent MitoT from mitochondria-labeled MSCs mainly to CD4+ T cells, rather than CD8+ T cells or CD19+ B cells. Artificial transfer of isolated MSC-derived mitochondria increases the expression of mRNA transcripts involved in T-cell activation and T regulatory cell differentiation including FOXP3, IL2RA, CTLA4, and TGFβ1, leading to an increase in a highly suppressive CD25+ FoxP3+ population. In a GVHD mouse model, transplantation of MitoT-induced human T cells leads to significant improvement in survival and reduction in tissue damage and organ T CD4+ , CD8+ , and IFN-γ+ expressing cell infiltration. These findings point to a unique CD4+ T-cell reprogramming mechanism with pre-clinical proof-of-concept data that pave the way for the exploration of organelle-based therapies in immune diseases.
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Affiliation(s)
- Angela C Court
- Cells for Cells, Santiago, Chile.,Centro de Investigación Biomédica, Faculty of Medicine, Universidad de los Andes, Santiago, Chile
| | | | - Patricia Luz-Crawford
- Centro de Investigación Biomédica, Faculty of Medicine, Universidad de los Andes, Santiago, Chile
| | - Eliseo Parra
- Laboratory of Nano-Regenerative Medicine, Faculty of Medicine, Universidad de los Andes, Santiago, Chile
| | - Victor Aliaga-Tobar
- Centro de Modelamiento Molecular, Biofísica y Bioinformática (CM2B2), Facultad de Ciencias Químicas y Farmacéuticas, Universidad de Chile, Santiago, Chile.,Advanced Center for Chronic Diseases - ACCDiS, Facultad de Ciencias Químicas y Farmacéuticas, Universidad de Chile, Santiago, Chile
| | - Luis Federico Bátiz
- Centro de Investigación Biomédica, Faculty of Medicine, Universidad de los Andes, Santiago, Chile
| | - Rafael A Contreras
- Centro de Investigación Biomédica, Faculty of Medicine, Universidad de los Andes, Santiago, Chile
| | | | - Mónica Kurte
- Centro de Investigación Biomédica, Faculty of Medicine, Universidad de los Andes, Santiago, Chile
| | - Roberto Elizondo-Vega
- Centro de Investigación Biomédica, Faculty of Medicine, Universidad de los Andes, Santiago, Chile
| | - Vinicius Maracaja-Coutinho
- Centro de Modelamiento Molecular, Biofísica y Bioinformática (CM2B2), Facultad de Ciencias Químicas y Farmacéuticas, Universidad de Chile, Santiago, Chile.,Advanced Center for Chronic Diseases - ACCDiS, Facultad de Ciencias Químicas y Farmacéuticas, Universidad de Chile, Santiago, Chile
| | - Karina Pino-Lagos
- Centro de Investigación Biomédica, Faculty of Medicine, Universidad de los Andes, Santiago, Chile
| | - Fernando E Figueroa
- Centro de Investigación Biomédica, Faculty of Medicine, Universidad de los Andes, Santiago, Chile.,Laboratory of Nano-Regenerative Medicine, Faculty of Medicine, Universidad de los Andes, Santiago, Chile
| | - Maroun Khoury
- Cells for Cells, Santiago, Chile.,Centro de Investigación Biomédica, Faculty of Medicine, Universidad de los Andes, Santiago, Chile.,Laboratory of Nano-Regenerative Medicine, Faculty of Medicine, Universidad de los Andes, Santiago, Chile.,Consorcio Regenero, Chilean Consortium for Regenerative Medicine, Santiago, Chile
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156
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Soluble PTX3 of Human Umbilical Cord Blood-Derived Mesenchymal Stem Cells Attenuates Hyperoxic Lung Injury by Activating Macrophage Polarization in Neonatal Rat Model. Stem Cells Int 2020; 2020:1802976. [PMID: 32399038 PMCID: PMC7204119 DOI: 10.1155/2020/1802976] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/03/2019] [Revised: 11/18/2019] [Accepted: 11/27/2019] [Indexed: 12/13/2022] Open
Abstract
Therapeutic treatment of various inflammation-related diseases using mesenchymal stem cells (MSCs) has increased in recent years because of the paracrine action of these cells but shows several limitations. First, MSC-based therapies exhibit varying efficacies; thus, biomarkers should be determined to identify who may benefit from these candidate therapeutic agents. Second, the mechanism underlying the therapeutic effects is poorly understood. To evaluate the effects of human umbilical cord blood-derived MSCs (UCB-MSCs) on macrophages, the macrophage cell line NR8383 stimulated with lipopolysaccharide (LPS) was cocultured by UCB-MSCs. We found that UCB-MSCs mediated changes in macrophage polarization towards M2 from M1 macrophages. To identify the paracrine action underlying the anti-inflammation effect of UCB-MSCs, the secretion of UCB-MSCs exposed to LPS-stimulated NR8383 cells was tested using a biotin label-based 507 antibody array. Among the secreted proteins, we selected pentraxin-related protein PTX3/tumor necrosis factor-inducible gene 14 protein (PTX3) to investigate its association with UCB-MSCs in macrophage polarization. We found that human PTX3 was secreted from UCB-MSCs under inflammation condition and reinforced the M2 macrophage marker via the Dectin-1 receptor by activating MSK1/2 phosphorylation signaling in NR8383 cells. Accordingly, knockdown of PTX3 in UCB-MSCs significantly attenuated their therapeutic effects in a neonatal hyperoxic lung injury resulting in reduced survival, lung alveolarization, M2 marker expression, Dectin-1 levels, anti-inflammatory cytokines, and improved M1 marker expression and inflammatory cytokines compared to control MSC-injected rats. UCB-MSCs show therapeutic potential by controlling macrophage polarization. Interestingly, higher PTX3 levels in UCB-MSCs induced greater improvement in the therapeutic effects than lower PTX3 levels. Collectively, PTX3 is a potential marker with critical paracrine effects for predicting the therapeutic potential of MSC therapy in inflammatory diseases; quality control assessments using PTX3 may be useful for improving the therapeutic effects of UCB-MSCs.
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157
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Therapeutic Mesenchymal Stromal Cells for Immunotherapy and for Gene and Drug Delivery. MOLECULAR THERAPY-METHODS & CLINICAL DEVELOPMENT 2020; 16:204-224. [PMID: 32071924 PMCID: PMC7012781 DOI: 10.1016/j.omtm.2020.01.005] [Citation(s) in RCA: 58] [Impact Index Per Article: 14.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/16/2022]
Abstract
Mesenchymal stromal cells (MSCs) possess several fairly unique properties that, when combined, make them ideally suited for cellular-based immunotherapy and as vehicles for gene and drug delivery for a wide range of diseases and disorders. Key among these are: (1) their relative ease of isolation from a variety of tissues; (2) the ability to be expanded in culture without a loss of functionality, a property that varies to some degree with tissue source; (3) they are relatively immune-inert, perhaps obviating the need for precise donor/recipient matching; (4) they possess potent immunomodulatory functions that can be tailored by so-called licensing in vitro and in vivo; (5) the efficiency with which they can be modified with viral-based vectors; and (6) their almost uncanny ability to selectively home to damaged tissues, tumors, and metastases following systemic administration. In this review, we summarize the latest research in the immunological properties of MSCs, their use as immunomodulatory/anti-inflammatory agents, methods for licensing MSCs to customize their immunological profile, and their use as vehicles for transferring both therapeutic genes in genetic disease and drugs and genes designed to destroy tumor cells.
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158
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MacDonald ES, Barrett JG. The Potential of Mesenchymal Stem Cells to Treat Systemic Inflammation in Horses. Front Vet Sci 2020; 6:507. [PMID: 32039250 PMCID: PMC6985200 DOI: 10.3389/fvets.2019.00507] [Citation(s) in RCA: 26] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/13/2019] [Accepted: 12/20/2019] [Indexed: 12/13/2022] Open
Abstract
One hallmark of mesenchymal stem cells (MSCs) is the ability to differentiate into multiple tissue types which assists in tissue regeneration. Another hallmark of MSCs is their potent anti-inflammatory and immunomodulatory properties and the potential to treat inflammatory, immune-mediated, and ischemic conditions. In equine practice, MSCs have shown efficacy in the treatment of musculoskeletal disorders such as tendinopathy, meniscal tears and cartilage injury. However, there are many equine disease processes and conditions that may benefit from the immunomodulatory properties of MSCs. Examples include conditions associated with overwhelming acute inflammatory response such as systemic inflammatory response syndrome to chronic diseases characterized by a prolonged low level of inflammation such as equine asthma and recurrent uveitis. For the acute inflammatory response processes, there is often high morbidity and mortality with no effective immunomodulatory treatment to prevent the overwhelming synthesis of proinflammatory mediators. For chronic inflammatory disease processes, frequently long-term corticosteroid treatment is the therapeutic mainstay, with serious potential complications. Thus, there is an unmet need for alternative anti-inflammatory treatments for both acute and chronic illnesses in horses. While MSCs show promise for such conditions, much research is needed before a clinically safe and effective treatment will be available. Optimal MSC tissue source, patient vs. donor source (autologous vs. allogeneic) and cell growth conditions need to be determined for each problem. For immediate use, allogeneic MSC treatments is preferable, but immune tolerance and adequate safety require further study. MSC collection and cryopreservation from horses before they are injured or ill, whether from umbilical cord tissue, bone marrow or adipose might become more widespread. Once these fundamental approaches to treating specific diseases with MSCs are determined, the route of administration, dose and timing of administration also need to be studied. To provide a framework for development of MSC immunomodulatory treatments, this article reviews the current understanding of equine MSC anti-inflammatory and immunomodulatory properties and proposes how MSC therapy may be further developed to treat acute onset systemic inflammatory processes and chronic inflammatory diseases.
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Affiliation(s)
- Elizabeth S MacDonald
- Marion duPont Scott Equine Medical Center, Virginia Maryland College of Veterinary Medicine, Virginia Tech, Leesburg, VA, United States
| | - Jennifer G Barrett
- Marion duPont Scott Equine Medical Center, Virginia Maryland College of Veterinary Medicine, Virginia Tech, Leesburg, VA, United States
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159
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Silva-Carvalho AÉ, Neves FAR, Saldanha-Araujo F. The immunosuppressive mechanisms of mesenchymal stem cells are differentially regulated by platelet poor plasma and fetal bovine serum supplemented media. Int Immunopharmacol 2020; 79:106172. [PMID: 31926480 DOI: 10.1016/j.intimp.2019.106172] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/10/2019] [Revised: 12/03/2019] [Accepted: 12/27/2019] [Indexed: 12/15/2022]
Abstract
PURPOSE Mesenchymal Stem Cells (MSCs) can interact with and modulate the functions of all immune cells, suppressing both the innate and adaptive immune responses. Currently, most of the in vitro studies which have led to the description of MSC properties have resulted from MSC culture in the presence of fetal bovine serum (FBS), in spite of the recognition of FBS limitations and attempts to substitute this component from the MSC media. METHODS Herein, we compare FBS and Platelet Poor Plasma (PPP) as MSC media supplements, according to Adipose-derived MSC (AMSC) phenotype, proliferation and immunoregulatory mechanisms. RESULTS Interestingly, despite maintaining the classic phenotypic profile of MSCs, PPP cultured AMSCs showed impaired proliferative potential. Furthermore, our results clearly show that AMSC culture with PPP leads to decreased expression of soluble immunosuppressive factors, which resulted in decreased capacity of inducing regulatory T-cells (Tregs) generation by these cells. In contrast, PPP supplementation promoted enhanced VCAM-1 and ICAM-1 expression on AMSC surface. Therefore, AMSCs cultured with PPP showed limited potential to produce soluble immunomodulatory factors, indicating a reduced capacity to control the immune system thought paracrine activity. CONCLUSION Overall, our data sheds light on the importance of culture media supplementation for MSC immunomodulatory behavior, as well as serving as an alert regarding the complexity of replacing FBS in MSC culture.
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Affiliation(s)
- Amandda Évelin Silva-Carvalho
- Laboratório de Farmacologia Molecular, Departamento de Farmácia, Universidade de Brasília, Brasília, DF, Brazil; Laboratório de Hematologia, Departamento de Farmácia, Universidade de Brasília, Brasília, DF, Brazil
| | - Francisco Assis Rocha Neves
- Laboratório de Farmacologia Molecular, Departamento de Farmácia, Universidade de Brasília, Brasília, DF, Brazil
| | - Felipe Saldanha-Araujo
- Laboratório de Farmacologia Molecular, Departamento de Farmácia, Universidade de Brasília, Brasília, DF, Brazil; Laboratório de Hematologia, Departamento de Farmácia, Universidade de Brasília, Brasília, DF, Brazil.
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160
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Feng Y, Wang AT, Jia HH, Zhao M, Yu H. A Brief Analysis of Mesenchymal Stem Cells as Biological Drugs for the Treatment of Acute-on-Chronic Liver Failure (ACLF): Safety and Potency. Curr Stem Cell Res Ther 2020; 15:202-210. [PMID: 31893994 DOI: 10.2174/1574888x15666200101124317] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/06/2019] [Revised: 12/12/2019] [Accepted: 12/17/2019] [Indexed: 12/25/2022]
Abstract
Acute-on-Chronic Liver Failure (ACLF) is characterized by acute exacerbation of chronic hepatitis, organ failure, high mortality, and poor prognosis. At present, the clinical methods of treatment include comprehensive treatment with medicines, artificial liver system, and Orthotopic Liver Transplantation (OLT), and of these, OLT is considered the most effective treatment for ACLF. However, it is difficult for ACLF patients to benefit from OLT due to the shortage of liver donors, high cost, unpredictable postoperative complications, and long-term use of immunosuppressive drugs; therefore, it is important to explore a new treatment option. With the development of stem cell transplantation technology in recent years, several studies have shown that treatment of ACLF with Mesenchymal Stem Cells (MSCs) leads to higher survival rates, and has good tolerance and safety rates, thereby improving the liver function and quality of life of patients; it has also become one of the popular research topics in clinical trials. This paper summarizes the current clinical interventions and treatments of ACLF, including the clinical trials, therapeutic mechanisms, and research progress on MSC application in the treatment of ACLF. The problems and challenges of the development of MSC-based therapy in the future are also discussed.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ying Feng
- Cell Products of National Engineering Research Center, Tianjin 300457, China.,National Stem Cell Engineering Research Center, Tianjin 300457, China
| | - Ai-Tong Wang
- Cell Products of National Engineering Research Center, Tianjin 300457, China.,National Stem Cell Engineering Research Center, Tianjin 300457, China
| | - Hong-Hong Jia
- Cell Products of National Engineering Research Center, Tianjin 300457, China.,National Stem Cell Engineering Research Center, Tianjin 300457, China
| | - Meng Zhao
- Cell Products of National Engineering Research Center, Tianjin 300457, China.,National Stem Cell Engineering Research Center, Tianjin 300457, China
| | - Hao Yu
- Cell Products of National Engineering Research Center, Tianjin 300457, China.,National Stem Cell Engineering Research Center, Tianjin 300457, China
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161
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Won JE, Lee YS, Park JH, Lee JH, Shin YS, Kim CH, Knowles JC, Kim HW. Hierarchical microchanneled scaffolds modulate multiple tissue-regenerative processes of immune-responses, angiogenesis, and stem cell homing. Biomaterials 2020; 227:119548. [DOI: 10.1016/j.biomaterials.2019.119548] [Citation(s) in RCA: 51] [Impact Index Per Article: 12.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/04/2019] [Revised: 10/05/2019] [Accepted: 10/14/2019] [Indexed: 12/27/2022]
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162
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Suzdaltseva Y, Zhidkih S, Kiselev SL, Stupin V. Locally Delivered Umbilical Cord Mesenchymal Stromal Cells Reduce Chronic Inflammation in Long-Term Nonhealing Wounds: A Randomized Study. Stem Cells Int 2020; 2020:5308609. [PMID: 32148521 PMCID: PMC7042547 DOI: 10.1155/2020/5308609] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/05/2019] [Accepted: 01/31/2020] [Indexed: 02/07/2023] Open
Abstract
Inflammation is part of a complex biological response to injury that mediates a rapid mobilization of cells and triggers the restoration of tissue homeostasis. The systemic diseases of the connective tissues, repetitive strain injuries, neuropathy, and vascular impairment lead to the development of a chronic inflammatory state. In such cases, a forced intervention is required to trigger tissue regeneration. Mesenchymal stromal cells (MSCs) have been considered a perspective tool for regenerative medicine because of their ability to change the expression and secretory profile under the influence of signals from the microenvironment to perform a regulatory function at the site of tissue damage. In this study, MSCs were isolated from the human umbilical cord (UCMSCs). The ability of UCMSCs to regulate chronic inflammation was investigated in a randomized placebo-controlled pilot study to assess the efficacy and safety of UCMSC therapy in patients with nonhealing wounds. A total of 108 patients with chronic wounds of different etiologies were randomly divided into two groups according to the criteria of inclusion and exclusion. The group (n = 59) that was treated with a single local subcutaneous infusion of UCMSCs around the wound periphery showed a pronounced growth of granulation tissue, improved blood microcirculation, and reduction in wound size compared to the placebo group (n = 49). No prominent adverse events were detected in patients from the UCMSC group during the 1-year follow-up period. This research has demonstrated that locally delivered allogeneic UCMSCs can contribute to chronic wound repair and provide an additional support toward new therapeutic strategies. Registration certificate №FS2006/341 was issued by the Federal Service for Surveillance in Healthcare.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yulia Suzdaltseva
- 1Vavilov Institute of General Genetics, Russian Academy of Sciences, Moscow, Russia
| | - Sergey Zhidkih
- 2Department of Hospital Surgery, Pirogov Russian National Research Medical University, Moscow, Russia
- 3Department of Purulent Surgery, Municipal Clinical Hospital №15, Moscow, Russia
| | - Sergey L. Kiselev
- 1Vavilov Institute of General Genetics, Russian Academy of Sciences, Moscow, Russia
| | - Victor Stupin
- 2Department of Hospital Surgery, Pirogov Russian National Research Medical University, Moscow, Russia
- 3Department of Purulent Surgery, Municipal Clinical Hospital №15, Moscow, Russia
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163
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Bulati M, Miceli V, Gallo A, Amico G, Carcione C, Pampalone M, Conaldi PG. The Immunomodulatory Properties of the Human Amnion-Derived Mesenchymal Stromal/Stem Cells Are Induced by INF-γ Produced by Activated Lymphomonocytes and Are Mediated by Cell-To-Cell Contact and Soluble Factors. Front Immunol 2020; 11:54. [PMID: 32117234 PMCID: PMC7028706 DOI: 10.3389/fimmu.2020.00054] [Citation(s) in RCA: 63] [Impact Index Per Article: 15.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/12/2019] [Accepted: 01/09/2020] [Indexed: 02/05/2023] Open
Abstract
Human mesenchymal stromal/stem cells (MSCs), being immunoprivileged and having immunomodulatory ability, represent a promising tool to be applied in the field of regenerative medicine. Based on numerous in vitro evidences, the immunological effects of MSCs on immune cells could depend on different mechanisms as cell-to-cell contact and paracrine signals. Furthermore, recent studies have shown that the immunomodulatory activity of MSCs is initiated by activated immune cells; thus, their interaction represents a potential homeostatic mechanism by which MSCs regulate the immune response. MSCs also release exosomes able to give different effects, in a paracrine manner, by influencing inflammatory processes. In this study, we aimed to establish the potential role of human amnion-derived MSCs (hAMSCs), in immunomodulation. We found that the immunosuppressive properties of hAMSCs are not constitutive, but require "supportive signals" capable of promoting these properties. Indeed, we observed that hAMSCs alone are not able to produce an adequate amount of soluble immunomodulatory factors. Here, we studied, in depth, the strong immunomodulatory licensing signal deriving from the direct interaction between hAMSCs and stimulated peripheral blood mononuclear cells. We found that the immunomodulatory effect of hAMSCs also depends on cell-to-cell contact through the contribution of the PDL-1/PD-1 axis. We then investigated the IFN-γ priming of hAMSCs (γ-hAMSCs), which induce the increase of PDL-1 expression, high production of IDO, and upregulation of different immunomodulatory exosome-derived miRNAs. Our miRNA-target network analysis revealed that nine of the deregulated miRNAs are involved in the regulation of key proteins that control both T cell activation/anergy and monocyte differentiation pathways. Finally, we observed that γ-hAMSCs induce in monocytes both M2-like phenotype and the increase of IL-10 production. The extensive implications of MSCs in modulating different aspects of the immune system make these cells attractive candidates to be employed in therapeutic application in immune-based diseases. For these reasons, we aimed, with this study, to shed light on the potential of hAMSCs, and how they could become a useful tool for treating different inflammatory diseases, including end-stage pathologies or adverse effects in transplanted patients.
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Affiliation(s)
- Matteo Bulati
- Research Department, Mediterranean Institute for Transplantation and Advanced Specialized Therapies (IRCCS ISMETT), Palermo, Italy
- *Correspondence: Matteo Bulati
| | - Vitale Miceli
- Research Department, Mediterranean Institute for Transplantation and Advanced Specialized Therapies (IRCCS ISMETT), Palermo, Italy
| | - Alessia Gallo
- Research Department, Mediterranean Institute for Transplantation and Advanced Specialized Therapies (IRCCS ISMETT), Palermo, Italy
| | - Giandomenico Amico
- Research Department, Mediterranean Institute for Transplantation and Advanced Specialized Therapies (IRCCS ISMETT), Palermo, Italy
- Ri.MED Foundation, Palermo, Italy
| | | | - Mariangela Pampalone
- Research Department, Mediterranean Institute for Transplantation and Advanced Specialized Therapies (IRCCS ISMETT), Palermo, Italy
- Ri.MED Foundation, Palermo, Italy
| | - Pier Giulio Conaldi
- Research Department, Mediterranean Institute for Transplantation and Advanced Specialized Therapies (IRCCS ISMETT), Palermo, Italy
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Liu B, Li J, Lei X, Miao S, Zhang S, Cheng P, Song Y, Wu H, Gao Y, Bi L, Pei G. Cell-loaded injectable gelatin/alginate/LAPONITE® nanocomposite hydrogel promotes bone healing in a critical-size rat calvarial defect model. RSC Adv 2020; 10:25652-25661. [PMID: 35518607 PMCID: PMC9055310 DOI: 10.1039/d0ra03040f] [Citation(s) in RCA: 32] [Impact Index Per Article: 8.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/04/2020] [Accepted: 06/30/2020] [Indexed: 11/21/2022] Open
Abstract
An injectable cell-laden nanocomposite hydrogel simulate natural ECM, promote cell proliferation, and accelerate bone healing of critical-size rat calvarial defects.
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165
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Autologous Mesenchymal Stem Cell Transplantation in Multiple Sclerosis: A Meta-Analysis. Stem Cells Int 2019; 2019:8536785. [PMID: 31949442 PMCID: PMC6942905 DOI: 10.1155/2019/8536785] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/14/2019] [Accepted: 12/02/2019] [Indexed: 01/07/2023] Open
Abstract
Multiple sclerosis (MS) is considered to be a central nervous system (CNS) chronic inflammatory demyelinating disease, affecting more than 2 million individuals worldwide. In this meta-analysis, we aimed to assess the safety and efficacy of autologous mesenchymal stem cells (aMSCs) in treating MS patients. The PubMed, Embase, Cochrane, Web of Science, and Clinical Trial databases were searched in September 2019. The analysis was conducted for three endpoints: transplant-related mortality (TRM), rate of disease progression, and no evidence of disease activity (NEDA) status. RevMan and the metaprop command of the meta package in R was used in assessing the efficacy and safety of aMSCs. Subgroup analyses were performed for exploration of heterogeneity regarding outcomes. Nine studies comprising 133 patients were included in the meta-analysis. The pooled estimate of TRM was 0% (95% confidence interval (CI) 0%-0.3%). The rate of progression was 16% at 6 months (95% CI 10%-27%) and 35% at 1 year (95% CI 27%-46%). Lower 6-month and 1-year progression rates were significantly associated with intrathecal injection (p = 0.02; p = 0.003). The pooled proportion of NEDA patients at 6 months was 72% (95% CI 58%-89%) and at 1 year was 62% (95% CI 42%-81%). Cell transplantation with aMSCs in MS patients is safe, with the largest benefit profile obtained in patients with aMSCs intrathecal injection.
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166
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Wang L, Huang S, Li S, Li M, Shi J, Bai W, Wang Q, Zheng L, Liu Y. Efficacy and Safety of Umbilical Cord Mesenchymal Stem Cell Therapy for Rheumatoid Arthritis Patients: A Prospective Phase I/II Study. Drug Des Devel Ther 2019; 13:4331-4340. [PMID: 31908418 PMCID: PMC6930836 DOI: 10.2147/dddt.s225613] [Citation(s) in RCA: 61] [Impact Index Per Article: 12.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/01/2019] [Accepted: 12/02/2019] [Indexed: 12/13/2022] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND The traditional anti-inflammation disease-modifying anti-rheumatic drugs (DMARDs) have limited therapeutic effects in rheumatoid arthritis (RA) patients. We previously reported the safety and efficacy of umbilical cord mesenchymal stem cell (UC-MSC) treatment in RA patients that were observed for up to 8 months after UC-MSC infusion. The aim of this study is to assess the long-term efficacy and safety of UC-MSC along with DMARDs for the treatment of RA. METHODS 64 RA patients aged 18-64 years were recruited in the study. During the treatment, patients were treated with 40 mL UC-MSC suspension product (2 × 107 cells/20 mL) via intravenous injection immediately after the infusion of 100 mL saline. The serological markers tests were used to assess safety and the 28-joint disease activity score (DAS28) and the Health Assessment Questionnaire (HAQ) to assess efficacy. RESULTS 1 year and 3 years after UC-MSC cells treatment, the blood routine, liver and kidney function and immunoglobulin examination showed no abnormalities, which were all in the normal range. The ESR, CRP, RF of 1 year and 3 years after treatment and anti-CCP of 3 years after treatment were detected to be lower than that of pretreatment, which showed significant change (P < 0.05). Health index (HAQ) and joint function index (DAS28) decreased 1 year and 3 years after treatment than before treatment (P < 0.05). CONCLUSION UC-MSC cells plus DMARDs therapy can be a safe, effective and feasible therapeutic option for RA patients.
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Affiliation(s)
- Liming Wang
- Cell Therapy Center, 986 Hospital of People’s Liberation Army Air Force, Xi’an, Shaanxi, People’s Republic of China
| | - Shigao Huang
- Cancer Center, Institute of Translational Medicine, Faculty of Health Sciences, University of Macau, Taipa, Macao SAR, People’s Republic of China
| | - Shimei Li
- Cell Therapy Center, 986 Hospital of People’s Liberation Army Air Force, Xi’an, Shaanxi, People’s Republic of China
| | - Ming Li
- Cell Therapy Center, 986 Hospital of People’s Liberation Army Air Force, Xi’an, Shaanxi, People’s Republic of China
| | - Jun Shi
- Cell Therapy Center, 986 Hospital of People’s Liberation Army Air Force, Xi’an, Shaanxi, People’s Republic of China
| | - Wen Bai
- Cell Therapy Center, 986 Hospital of People’s Liberation Army Air Force, Xi’an, Shaanxi, People’s Republic of China
| | - Qianyun Wang
- Cell Therapy Center, 986 Hospital of People’s Liberation Army Air Force, Xi’an, Shaanxi, People’s Republic of China
| | - Libo Zheng
- Stem Cell Biology and Regenerative Medicine Institution, Yi-Chuang Institute of Bio-Industry, Beijing, People’s Republic of China
| | - Yongjun Liu
- Stem Cell Biology and Regenerative Medicine Institution, Yi-Chuang Institute of Bio-Industry, Beijing, People’s Republic of China
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167
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Lotfi M, Naderi-Meshkin H, Mahdipour E, Mafinezhad A, Bagherzadeh R, Sadeghnia HR, Esmaily H, Maleki M, Hasssanzadeh H, Ghayaour-Mobarhan M, Bidkhori HR, Bahrami AR. Adipose tissue-derived mesenchymal stem cells and keratinocytes co-culture on gelatin/chitosan/β-glycerol phosphate nanoscaffold in skin regeneration. Cell Biol Int 2019; 43:1365-1378. [PMID: 30791186 DOI: 10.1002/cbin.11119] [Citation(s) in RCA: 19] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/24/2023]
Abstract
Using cell-based engineered skin is an emerging strategy for treating difficult-to-heal wounds. To date, much endeavor has been devoted to the fabrication of appropriate scaffolds with suitable biomechanical properties to support cell viability and growth in the microenvironment of a wound. The aim of this research was to assess the impact of adipose tissue-derived mesenchymal stem cells (AD-MSCs) and keratinocytes on gelatin/chitosan/β-glycerol phosphate (GCGP) nanoscaffold in full-thickness excisional skin wound healing of rats. For this purpose, AD-MSCs and keratinocytes were isolated from rats and GCGP nanoscaffolds were electrospun. Through an in vivo study, the percentage of wound closure was assessed on days 7, 14, and 21 after wound induction. Samples were taken from the wound sites in order to evaluate the density of collagen fibers and vessels at 7 and 14 days. Moreover, sampling was done on days 7 and 14 from wound sites to assess the density of collagen fibers and vessels. The wound closure rate was significantly increased in the keratinocytes-AD-MSCs-scaffold (KMS) group compared with other groups. The expressions of vascular endothelial growth factor, collagen type 1, and CD34 were also significantly higher in the KMS group compared with the other groups. These results suggest that the combination of AD-MSCs and keratinocytes seeded onto GCGP nanoscaffold provides a promising treatment for wound healing.
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Affiliation(s)
- Marzieh Lotfi
- Department of Genetics, Faculty of Medicine, Shahid Sadoughi University of Medical Sciences, Yazd, Iran.,Department of Modern Sciences & Technologies School of Medicine, Mashhad University of Medical Sciences, Mashhad, Iran
| | - Hojjat Naderi-Meshkin
- Stem Cell and Regenerative Medicine Research Group, Academic Center for Education, Culture and Research (ACECR), Razavi Khorasan Branch, Mashhad, Iran
| | - Elahe Mahdipour
- Department of Medical Biotechnology, School of Medicine, Mashhad University of Medical Sciences, Mashhad, Iran
| | - Asghar Mafinezhad
- Pathology Department of Shahid Kamyab (Emdadi) Hospitals, Mashhad University of Medical Sciences, Mashhad, Iran
| | - Roohollah Bagherzadeh
- Department of Textile Engineering, Advanced Textile Materials and Technology Research Institute (ATMT), Amirkabir University of Technology, Tehran, Iran
| | - Hamid Reza Sadeghnia
- Neurocognitive Research Center, School of Medicine, Mashhad University of Medical Sciences, Mashhad, Iran
| | - Habibollah Esmaily
- Department of Biostatistics and Epidemiology, School of Health, Mashhad University of Medical Sciences, Mashhad, Iran
| | - Masoud Maleki
- Cutaneous Leishmaniasis Research Center, School of Medicine, Mashhad University of Medical Sciences, Mashhad, Iran
| | - Halimeh Hasssanzadeh
- Stem Cell and Regenerative Medicine Research Group, Academic Center for Education, Culture and Research (ACECR), Razavi Khorasan Branch, Mashhad, Iran
| | - Majid Ghayaour-Mobarhan
- Biochemistry of Nutrition Research Center, School of Medicine, Mashhad University of Medicine, Mashhad, Iran
| | - Hamid Reza Bidkhori
- Stem Cell and Regenerative Medicine Research Group, Academic Center for Education, Culture and Research (ACECR), Razavi Khorasan Branch, Mashhad, Iran
| | - Ahmad Reza Bahrami
- Stem Cell and Regenerative Medicine Research Group, Academic Center for Education, Culture and Research (ACECR), Razavi Khorasan Branch, Mashhad, Iran.,Industrial Biotechnology Research Group, Institute of Biotechnology, Ferdowsi University of Mashhad, Mashhad, Iran
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168
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Mesenchymal stem cells in the treatment of articular cartilage degeneration: New biological insights for an old-timer cell. Cytotherapy 2019; 21:1179-1197. [DOI: 10.1016/j.jcyt.2019.10.004] [Citation(s) in RCA: 40] [Impact Index Per Article: 8.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/19/2019] [Revised: 10/10/2019] [Accepted: 10/13/2019] [Indexed: 01/15/2023]
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Mesenchymal Stem/Stromal Cells Derived from Dental Tissues: A Comparative In Vitro Evaluation of Their Immunoregulatory Properties Against T cells. Cells 2019; 8:cells8121491. [PMID: 31766697 PMCID: PMC6953107 DOI: 10.3390/cells8121491] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/10/2019] [Revised: 11/19/2019] [Accepted: 11/20/2019] [Indexed: 12/13/2022] Open
Abstract
Bone marrow mesenchymal stem/stromal cells (BM-MSCs) have immunoregulatory properties and have been used as immune regulators for the treatment of graft-versus-host disease (GVHD). Human dental tissue mesenchymal stem cells (DT-MSCs) constitute an attractive alternative to BM-MSCs for potential clinical applications because of their accessibility and easy preparation. The aim of this in vitro study was to compare MSCs from dental pulp (DP-MSCs), gingival tissue (G-MSCs), and periodontal ligament (PDL-MSCs) in terms of their immunosuppressive properties against lymphoid cell populations enriched for CD3+ T cells to determine which MSCs would be the most appropriate for in vivo immunoregulatory applications. BM-MSCs were included as the gold standard. Our results demonstrated, in vitro, that MSCs from DP, G, and PDL showed immunoregulatory properties similar to those from BM, in terms of the cellular proliferation inhibition of both CD4+- and CD8+-activated T-cells. This reduced proliferation in cell co-cultures correlated with the production of interferon-γ and tumor necrosis factor alpha (TNF-α) and the upregulation of programmed death ligand 1 (PD-L1) in MSCs and cytotoxic T-cell-associated Ag-4 (CTLA-4) in T-cells and increased interleukin-10 and prostaglandin E2 production. Interestingly, we observed differences in the production of cytokines and surface and secreted molecules that may participate in T-cell immunosuppression in co-cultures in the presence of DT-MSCs compared with BM-MSCs. Importantly, MSCs from four sources favored the generation of T-cell subsets displaying the regulatory phenotypes CD4+CD25+Foxp3+ and CD4+CD25+CTLA-4+. Our results in vitro indicate that, in addition to BM-MSCs, MSCs from all of the dental sources analyzed in this study might be candidates for future therapeutic applications.
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170
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In a Rat Model of Acute Liver Failure, Icaritin Improved the Therapeutic Effect of Mesenchymal Stem Cells by Activation of the Hepatocyte Growth Factor/c-Met Pathway. EVIDENCE-BASED COMPLEMENTARY AND ALTERNATIVE MEDICINE 2019; 2019:4253846. [PMID: 31915446 PMCID: PMC6935441 DOI: 10.1155/2019/4253846] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/29/2019] [Revised: 06/11/2019] [Accepted: 07/01/2019] [Indexed: 01/09/2023]
Abstract
Acute liver failure (ALF) is a serious life-threatening condition. Mesenchymal stem cells (MSCs) may be an effective treatment for this condition and a good alternative to liver transplantation. Icaritin (ICT) is an active ingredient of the genus Epimedium, a traditional Chinese medicine, with the potential to enhance the proliferation of MSCs. The purpose of this study was to explore whether ICT increased the therapeutic effects of MSCs and explore its underlying mechanisms. For in vivo experiments, a rat ALF model was established by intraperitoneal injection of D(+)-galactosamine/ lipopolysaccharide. MSCs cocultured with ICT were used to treat ALF rats and the protective effects assessed as survival rate, levels of serum AST and ALT, and histological changes in liver tissue. For in vitro experiments, MSCs were treated in serum-free culture for 72 h to simulate the disruption of intrahepatic microcirculation. MSCs apoptosis was examined to determine whether ICT rescued impaired MSCs. The role of the hepatocyte growth factor (HGF)/c-Met pathway in MSCs was assessed by constructing genetically modified MSCs overexpressing c-Met and by using the c-Met receptor inhibitor (crizotinib). The results showed that MSCs increased the survival rate of ALF rats and reduced liver damage. MSCs cocultured with ICT exerted a greater therapeutic effect than MSCs alone. Further, the HGF/c-Met pathway played a key role in the antiapoptotic activity of MSCs, which was associated with the optimized efficacy of ICT. In conclusion, this study demonstrated that ICT enhances the therapeutic effect of MSCs in a model of ALF, improving the antiapoptotic potential of MSCs by upregulation of the HGF/c-Met pathway. The combination of stem cell therapy with traditional herbal extracts may improve MSC-based clinical applications.
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171
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Mesenchymal Stem Cells Alleviate Moderate-to-Severe Psoriasis by Reducing the Production of Type I Interferon (IFN-I) by Plasmacytoid Dendritic Cells (pDCs). Stem Cells Int 2019; 2019:6961052. [PMID: 31827531 PMCID: PMC6885248 DOI: 10.1155/2019/6961052] [Citation(s) in RCA: 18] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/23/2019] [Accepted: 08/12/2019] [Indexed: 02/07/2023] Open
Abstract
The anti-inflammatory and immunomodulatory properties of mesenchymal stem cells (MSCs) have been proposed to be involved in some autoimmune diseases and have been successfully tested in patients and mice. But their contribution to psoriasis and the underlying mechanisms involved remains elusive. Here, we explored the feasibility of using human umbilical cord-derived MSC (hUC-MSC) infusion as a therapeutic approach in an imiquimod- (IMQ-) induced psoriasis mouse model. MSC infusion were found to significantly reduce the severity and development of psoriasis, inhibit the infiltration of immune cells to the skin, and downregulate the expression of several proinflammatory cytokines and chemokines. Our results provide an explanation for the therapeutic effects of MSC infusion by first suppressing neutrophil function and then downregulating the production of type I interferon (IFN-I) by plasmacytoid dendritic cells (pDCs). Therefore, we discovered a novel mechanism of stem cell therapy for psoriasis. In summary, our results showed that MSC infusion could be an effective and safe treatment for psoriasis.
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172
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Song G, Liu D, Geng X, Ma Z, Wang Y, Xie W, Qian D, Meng H, Zhou B, Song Z. Bone marrow-derived mesenchymal stem cells alleviate severe acute pancreatitis-induced multiple-organ injury in rats via suppression of autophagy. Exp Cell Res 2019; 385:111674. [PMID: 31678171 DOI: 10.1016/j.yexcr.2019.111674] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/23/2019] [Revised: 10/01/2019] [Accepted: 10/15/2019] [Indexed: 02/09/2023]
Abstract
Patients with severe acute pancreatitis (SAP) represent a substantial challenge to medical practitioners due to the high associated rates of morbidity and mortality and a lack of satisfactory therapeutic outcomes. In a previous study, our group demonstrated that bone marrow-derived mesenchymal stem cells (BMSCs) can ameliorate SAP; however, the mechanisms of action remain to be fully understood. BMSCs were intravenously injected into SAP rats 12 h after experimental induction of SAP using sodium taurocholate (NaT). Histopathological changes and the levels of pro-inflammatory mediators were assessed by hematoxylin and eosin (H&E) staining and ELISA, respectively. Autophagy levels were assessed using qRT-PCR, western blotting, immunohistochemistry, immunofluorescence, and transmission electron microscopy. AR42J cells and human umbilical vein endothelial cells (HUVECs) were administered BMSC-conditioned media (BMSC-CM) after NaT treatment, and cell viability was measured using a Cell Counting Kit-8 (CCK-8) and flow cytometry. In vivo, BMSCs effectively reduced multiple systematic inflammatory responses, suppressed the activation of autophagy, and improved intestinal dysfunction. In vitro, BMSC-CM significantly improved the viability of injured cells, promoted angiogenesis, and decreased autophagy. We therefore propose that the administration of BMSCs alleviates SAP-induced multiple organ injury by inhibiting autophagy.
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Affiliation(s)
- Guodong Song
- Department of General Surgery, Shanghai Tenth People's Hospital, Affiliated to Tongji University School of Medicine, Shanghai, 200072, China
| | - Dalu Liu
- Shanghai Clinical Medical College of Anhui Medical University, Hefei, Anhui, 230032, China
| | - Xiang Geng
- Department of General Surgery, Changzhou NO.2 People's Hospital, Changzhou, Jiangsu, 213164, China
| | - Zhilong Ma
- Department of General Surgery, Tongren Hospital, Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, Shanghai, 200336, China
| | - Yuxiang Wang
- Department of General Surgery, Shanghai Tenth People's Hospital, Affiliated to Tongji University School of Medicine, Shanghai, 200072, China
| | - Wangcheng Xie
- Department of General Surgery, Shanghai Tenth People's Hospital, Affiliated to Tongji University School of Medicine, Shanghai, 200072, China
| | - Daohai Qian
- Department of Hepatobiliary Surgery, Yijishan Hospital, Wannan Medical College, Wuhu, Anhui, 241001, China
| | - Hongbo Meng
- Department of General Surgery, Shanghai Tenth People's Hospital, Affiliated to Tongji University School of Medicine, Shanghai, 200072, China
| | - Bo Zhou
- Department of General Surgery, Shanghai Tenth People's Hospital, Affiliated to Tongji University School of Medicine, Shanghai, 200072, China
| | - Zhenshun Song
- Department of General Surgery, Shanghai Tenth People's Hospital, Affiliated to Tongji University School of Medicine, Shanghai, 200072, China.
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Emukah C, Dittmar E, Naqvi R, Martinez J, Corral A, Moreira A, Moreira A. Mesenchymal stromal cell conditioned media for lung disease: a systematic review and meta-analysis of preclinical studies. Respir Res 2019; 20:239. [PMID: 31666086 PMCID: PMC6822429 DOI: 10.1186/s12931-019-1212-x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/23/2019] [Accepted: 10/10/2019] [Indexed: 02/07/2023] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Inflammation plays an important role in the pathogenesis of many lung diseases. Preclinical studies suggest that mesenchymal stromal cell (MSC) conditioned media (CdM) can attenuate inflammation. Our aim was threefold: (1) summarize the existing animal literature evaluating CdM as a therapeutic agent for pediatric/adult lung disease, (2) quantify the effects of CdM on inflammation, and (3) compare inflammatory effects of CdM to MSCs. METHODS Adhering to the Systematic Review Protocol for Animal Intervention Studies, a systematic search of English articles was performed in five databases. Meta-analysis and meta-regression were performed to generate random effect size using standardized mean difference (SMD). RESULTS A total of 10 studies met inclusion. Lung diseases included bronchopulmonary dysplasia, asthma, pulmonary hypertension, and acute respiratory distress syndrome. CdM decreased inflammatory cells (1.02 SMD, 95% CI 0.86, 1.18) and cytokines (0.71 SMD, 95% CI 0.59, 0.84). The strongest effect for inflammatory cells was in bronchopulmonary dysplasia (3.74 SMD, 95% CI 3.13, 4.36) while pulmonary hypertension had the greatest reduction in inflammatory cytokine expression (1.44 SMD, 95% CI 1.18, 1.71). Overall, CdM and MSCs had similar anti-inflammatory effects. CONCLUSIONS In this meta-analysis of animal models recapitulating lung disease, CdM improved inflammation and had an effect size comparable to MSCs. While these findings are encouraging, the risk of bias and heterogeneity limited the strength of our findings.
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Affiliation(s)
- Chimobi Emukah
- Department of Pediatrics, Division of Neonatology, University of Texas Health-San Antonio, San Antonio, Texas, 78229-3900, USA
| | - Evan Dittmar
- Department of Pediatrics, Division of Neonatology, University of Texas Health-San Antonio, San Antonio, Texas, 78229-3900, USA
| | - Rija Naqvi
- Department of Pediatrics, Division of Neonatology, University of Texas Health-San Antonio, San Antonio, Texas, 78229-3900, USA
| | - John Martinez
- Department of Pediatrics, Division of Neonatology, University of Texas Health-San Antonio, San Antonio, Texas, 78229-3900, USA
| | - Alexis Corral
- Department of Pediatrics, Division of Neonatology, University of Texas Health-San Antonio, San Antonio, Texas, 78229-3900, USA
| | - Axel Moreira
- Department of Pediatrics, Texas Children's Hospital, Houston, Texas, USA
| | - Alvaro Moreira
- Department of Pediatrics, Division of Neonatology, University of Texas Health-San Antonio, San Antonio, Texas, 78229-3900, USA.
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174
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Lee YC, Chan YH, Hsieh SC, Lew WZ, Feng SW. Comparing the Osteogenic Potentials and Bone Regeneration Capacities of Bone Marrow and Dental Pulp Mesenchymal Stem Cells in a Rabbit Calvarial Bone Defect Model. Int J Mol Sci 2019; 20:ijms20205015. [PMID: 31658685 PMCID: PMC6834129 DOI: 10.3390/ijms20205015] [Citation(s) in RCA: 104] [Impact Index Per Article: 20.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/05/2019] [Revised: 10/02/2019] [Accepted: 10/09/2019] [Indexed: 12/16/2022] Open
Abstract
The bone regeneration efficiency of bone marrow mesenchymal stem cells (BMSCs) and dental pulp mesenchymal stem cells (DPSCs) combined with xenografts in the craniofacial region remains unclear. Accordingly, this study commenced by comparing the cell morphology, cell proliferation, trilineage differentiation, mineral synthesis, and osteogenic gene expression of BMSCs and DPSCs in vitro. Four experimental groups (empty control, Bio-Oss only, Bio-Oss+BMSCs, and Bio-Oss+DPSCs) were then designed and implanted in rabbit calvarial defects. The BMSCs and DPSCs showed a similar morphology, proliferative ability, surface marker profile, and trilineage-differentiation potential in vitro. However, the BMSCs exhibited a higher mineral deposition and expression levels of osteogenic marker genes, including alkaline phosphatase (ALP), runt related transcription factor 2 (RUNX2), and osteocalcin (OCN). In the in vivo studies, the bone volume density in both MSC groups was significantly greater than that in the empty control or Bio-Oss only group. Moreover, the new bone formation and Collagen I / osteoprotegerin protein expressions of the scaffold+MSC groups were higher than those of the Bio-Oss only group. Finally, the Bio-Oss+BMSC and Bio-Oss+DPSC groups had a similar bone mineral density, new bone formation, and osteogenesis-related protein expression. Overall, the DPSCs seeded on Bio-Oss matched the bone regeneration efficacy of BMSCs in vivo and hence appear to be a promising strategy for craniofacial defect repair in future clinical applications.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yu-Chieh Lee
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Taipei Medical University Hospital, Taipei 110, Taiwan.
| | - Ya-Hui Chan
- School of Dentistry, College of Oral Medicine, Taipei Medical University, Taipei 110, Taiwan.
- School of Oral Hygiene, College of Oral Medicine, Taipei Medical University, Taipei 110, Taiwan.
| | - Sung-Chih Hsieh
- School of Dentistry, College of Oral Medicine, Taipei Medical University, Taipei 110, Taiwan.
| | - Wei-Zhen Lew
- School of Dentistry, College of Oral Medicine, Taipei Medical University, Taipei 110, Taiwan.
| | - Sheng-Wei Feng
- School of Dentistry, College of Oral Medicine, Taipei Medical University, Taipei 110, Taiwan.
- School of Oral Hygiene, College of Oral Medicine, Taipei Medical University, Taipei 110, Taiwan.
- Division of Prosthodontics, Department of Dentistry, Taipei Medical University Hospital, Taipei 110, Taiwan.
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Rode MP, Batti Angulski AB, Gomes FA, da Silva MM, Jeremias TDS, de Carvalho RG, Iucif Vieira DG, Oliveira LFC, Fernandes Maia L, Trentin AG, Hayashi L, de Miranda KR, de Aguiar AK, Rosa RD, Calloni GW. Carrageenan hydrogel as a scaffold for skin-derived multipotent stromal cells delivery. J Biomater Appl 2019; 33:422-434. [PMID: 30223731 DOI: 10.1177/0885328218795569] [Citation(s) in RCA: 24] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/15/2022]
Abstract
Carrageenan is a thermoreversible polymer of natural origin widely used in food and pharmaceutical industry that presents a glycosaminoglycan-like structure. Herein, we show that kappa-type carrageenan extracted by a semi-refined process from the red seaweed Kappaphycus alvarezii displayed both chemical and structural properties similar to a commercial carrageenan. Moreover, both extracted carrageenan hydrogel and commercial carrageenan hydrogel can serve as a scaffold for in vitro culture of human skin-derived multipotent stromal cells, demonstrating considerable potential as cell-carrier materials for cell delivery in tissue engineering. Skin-derived multipotent stromal cells cultured inside the carrageenan hydrogels showed a round shape morphology and maintained their growth and viability for at least one week in culture. Next, the effect of the extracted carrageenan hydrogel loaded with human skin-derived multipotent stromal cells was evaluated in a mouse model of full-thickness skin wound. Macroscopic and histological analyses revealed some pointed ameliorated features, such as reduced inflammatory process, faster initial recovery of wounded area, and improved extracellular matrix deposition. These results indicate that extracted carrageenan hydrogel can serve as a scaffold for in vitro growth and maintenance of human SD-MSCs, being also able to act as a delivery system of cells to wounded skin. Thus, evaluation of the properties discussed in this study contribute to a further understanding and specificities of the potential use of carrageenan hydrogel as a delivery system for several applications, further to skin wound healing.
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Affiliation(s)
| | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | - Leila Hayashi
- Universidade Federal de Santa Catarina, Florianopolis, Brazil
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176
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Conrad S, Weber K, Walliser U, Geburek F, Skutella T. Stem Cell Therapy for Tendon Regeneration: Current Status and Future Directions. ADVANCES IN EXPERIMENTAL MEDICINE AND BIOLOGY 2019; 1084:61-93. [PMID: 30043235 DOI: 10.1007/5584_2018_194] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/24/2022]
Abstract
In adults the healing tendon generates fibrovascular scar tissue and recovers never histologically, mechanically, and functionally which leads to chronic and to degenerative diseases. In this review, the processes and mechanisms of tendon development and fetal regeneration in comparison to adult defect repair and degeneration are discussed in relation to regenerative therapeutic options. We focused on the application of stem cells, growth factors, transcription factors, and gene therapy in tendon injury therapies in order to intervene the scarring process and to induce functional regeneration of the lesioned tissue. Outlines for future therapeutic approaches for tendon injuries will be provided.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Kathrin Weber
- Tierärztliches Zentrum für Pferde in Kirchheim Altano GmbH, Kirchheim unter Teck, Germany
| | - Ulrich Walliser
- Tierärztliches Zentrum für Pferde in Kirchheim Altano GmbH, Kirchheim unter Teck, Germany
| | - Florian Geburek
- Justus-Liebig-University Giessen, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, Clinic for Horses - Department of Surgery, Giessen, Germany
| | - Thomas Skutella
- Institute for Anatomy and Cell Biology, Medical Faculty, University of Heidelberg, Heidelberg, Germany.
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177
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Liu J, Feng B, Xu Y, Zhu J, Feng X, Chen W, Sheng X, Shi X, Pan Q, Yu J, Zeng X, Cao H, Li L. Immunomodulatory effect of mesenchymal stem cells in chemical-induced liver injury: a high-dimensional analysis. Stem Cell Res Ther 2019; 10:262. [PMID: 31443686 PMCID: PMC6708172 DOI: 10.1186/s13287-019-1379-6] [Citation(s) in RCA: 16] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/23/2019] [Revised: 08/06/2019] [Accepted: 08/08/2019] [Indexed: 12/11/2022] Open
Abstract
Background The efficacy of mesenchymal stem cell (MSC)-based therapy for acute liver injury (ALI) involves coordination with the hepatic immune system, a complex and coordinated network of immune-cell interactions. However, studies of the immunomodulatory effects of MSCs have focused on a limited number of cell subsets rather than a systematic assessment. Methods Carbon tetrachloride (CCl4) was used to induce ALI in mice. To determine the efficacy of MSCs, ALI mice were injected with MSCs via the tail vein, and histopathological changes, survival rate, and the serum levels of liver enzymes were determined. To assess the immune response induced by MSCs, a mass cytometry panel of 43 metal isotope-tagged antibodies was used to characterize the hepatic immune compartment at days 1, 2, 3, and 7 after administration of MSCs or PBS. Results MSC treatment significantly alleviated CCl4-induced ALI and improved the survival rate. MSC treatment also modulated the hepatic immune system in terms of the distribution of immune-cell subsets and the phenotype of single cells. During the injured phase, MSCs inhibited a systemic response by reducing the numbers of Ly6ClowCD8+ TRM cells, conventional NK cells, and IgM+IgD+ B cells; suppressing the activation of Ly6ChiCD8+ TRM cells; downregulating MHC II and IgM expression in IgM+IgD+ B cells; and increasing the number of immunosuppressive monocyte-derived macrophages. During the recovery phase, MSCs promoted the retention of Ly6ClowCD8+ TRM cells and maintained the immunosuppressive activity of monocyte-derived macrophages. The response to MSC treatment differed between the injured and recovery phases, emphasizing the benefit of dynamic assessment of the immunomodulatory effects of MSCs. Conclusions We determined the immunomodulatory effects of MSC treatment on the subtype distribution and phenotypes of hepatic immune cells. Electronic supplementary material The online version of this article (10.1186/s13287-019-1379-6) contains supplementary material, which is available to authorized users.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jingqi Liu
- State Key Laboratory for the Diagnosis and Treatment of Infectious Diseases, The First Affiliated Hospital, College of Medicine, Zhejiang University, 79 Qingchun Rd, Hangzhou City, 310003, China
| | - Bing Feng
- State Key Laboratory for the Diagnosis and Treatment of Infectious Diseases, The First Affiliated Hospital, College of Medicine, Zhejiang University, 79 Qingchun Rd, Hangzhou City, 310003, China
| | - Yanping Xu
- State Key Laboratory for the Diagnosis and Treatment of Infectious Diseases, The First Affiliated Hospital, College of Medicine, Zhejiang University, 79 Qingchun Rd, Hangzhou City, 310003, China
| | - Jiaqi Zhu
- State Key Laboratory for the Diagnosis and Treatment of Infectious Diseases, The First Affiliated Hospital, College of Medicine, Zhejiang University, 79 Qingchun Rd, Hangzhou City, 310003, China
| | - Xudong Feng
- State Key Laboratory for the Diagnosis and Treatment of Infectious Diseases, The First Affiliated Hospital, College of Medicine, Zhejiang University, 79 Qingchun Rd, Hangzhou City, 310003, China
| | - Wenyi Chen
- State Key Laboratory for the Diagnosis and Treatment of Infectious Diseases, The First Affiliated Hospital, College of Medicine, Zhejiang University, 79 Qingchun Rd, Hangzhou City, 310003, China
| | - Xinyu Sheng
- State Key Laboratory for the Diagnosis and Treatment of Infectious Diseases, The First Affiliated Hospital, College of Medicine, Zhejiang University, 79 Qingchun Rd, Hangzhou City, 310003, China
| | - Xiaowei Shi
- College of Medicine, Zhejiang University, 866 Yuhangtang Rd, Hangzhou City, 310058, China
| | - Qiaoling Pan
- State Key Laboratory for the Diagnosis and Treatment of Infectious Diseases, The First Affiliated Hospital, College of Medicine, Zhejiang University, 79 Qingchun Rd, Hangzhou City, 310003, China.,National Clinical Research Center for Infectious Diseases, The First Affiliated Hospital, College of Medicine, Zhejiang University, 79 Qingchun Rd, Hangzhou City, 310003, China
| | - Jiong Yu
- State Key Laboratory for the Diagnosis and Treatment of Infectious Diseases, The First Affiliated Hospital, College of Medicine, Zhejiang University, 79 Qingchun Rd, Hangzhou City, 310003, China.,National Clinical Research Center for Infectious Diseases, The First Affiliated Hospital, College of Medicine, Zhejiang University, 79 Qingchun Rd, Hangzhou City, 310003, China
| | - Xun Zeng
- State Key Laboratory for the Diagnosis and Treatment of Infectious Diseases, The First Affiliated Hospital, College of Medicine, Zhejiang University, 79 Qingchun Rd, Hangzhou City, 310003, China.,National Clinical Research Center for Infectious Diseases, The First Affiliated Hospital, College of Medicine, Zhejiang University, 79 Qingchun Rd, Hangzhou City, 310003, China
| | - Hongcui Cao
- State Key Laboratory for the Diagnosis and Treatment of Infectious Diseases, The First Affiliated Hospital, College of Medicine, Zhejiang University, 79 Qingchun Rd, Hangzhou City, 310003, China. .,National Clinical Research Center for Infectious Diseases, The First Affiliated Hospital, College of Medicine, Zhejiang University, 79 Qingchun Rd, Hangzhou City, 310003, China. .,Zhejiang Provincial Key Laboratory for Diagnosis and Treatment of Aging and Physic-chemical Injury Diseases, 79 Qingchun Rd, Hangzhou City, 310003, China.
| | - Lanjuan Li
- State Key Laboratory for the Diagnosis and Treatment of Infectious Diseases, The First Affiliated Hospital, College of Medicine, Zhejiang University, 79 Qingchun Rd, Hangzhou City, 310003, China.,National Clinical Research Center for Infectious Diseases, The First Affiliated Hospital, College of Medicine, Zhejiang University, 79 Qingchun Rd, Hangzhou City, 310003, China
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178
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Saldinger LK, Nelson SG, Bellone RR, Lassaline M, Mack M, Walker NJ, Borjesson DL. Horses with equine recurrent uveitis have an activated CD4+ T-cell phenotype that can be modulated by mesenchymal stem cells in vitro. Vet Ophthalmol 2019; 23:160-170. [PMID: 31441218 PMCID: PMC6980227 DOI: 10.1111/vop.12704] [Citation(s) in RCA: 20] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/26/2019] [Revised: 06/28/2019] [Accepted: 07/21/2019] [Indexed: 12/16/2022]
Abstract
Equine recurrent uveitis (ERU) is an immune‐mediated disease causing repeated or persistent inflammatory episodes which can lead to blindness. Currently, there is no cure for horses with this disease. Mesenchymal stem cells (MSCs) are effective at reducing immune cell activation in vitro in many species, making them a potential therapeutic option for ERU. The objectives of this study were to define the lymphocyte phenotype of horses with ERU and to determine how MSCs alter T‐cell phenotype in vitro. Whole blood was taken from 7 horses with ERU and 10 healthy horses and peripheral blood mononuclear cells were isolated. The markers CD21, CD3, CD4, and CD8 were used to identify lymphocyte subsets while CD25, CD62L, Foxp3, IFNγ, and IL10 were used to identify T‐cell phenotype. Adipose‐derived MSCs were expanded, irradiated (to control proliferation), and incubated with CD4+ T‐cells from healthy horses, after which lymphocytes were collected and analyzed via flow cytometry. The percentages of T‐cells and B‐cells in horses with ERU were similar to normal horses. However, CD4+ T‐cells from horses with ERU expressed higher amounts of IFNγ indicating a pro‐inflammatory Th1 phenotype. When co‐incubated with MSCs, activated CD4+ T‐cells reduced expression of CD25, CD62L, Foxp3, and IFNγ. MSCs had a lesser ability to decrease activation when cell‐cell contact or prostaglandin signaling was blocked. MSCs continue to show promise as a treatment for ERU as they decreased the CD4+ T‐cell activation phenotype through a combination of cell‐cell contact and prostaglandin signaling.
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Affiliation(s)
- Laurel K Saldinger
- Department of Pathology, Microbiology and Immunology, Veterinary Institute for Regenerative Cures, School of Veterinary Medicine, University of California, Davis, California
| | - Seldy G Nelson
- Department of Pathology, Microbiology and Immunology, Veterinary Institute for Regenerative Cures, School of Veterinary Medicine, University of California, Davis, California
| | - Rebecca R Bellone
- Department of Population Health and Reproduction, Veterinary Genetics Laboratory, School of Veterinary Medicine, University of California, Davis, California
| | - Mary Lassaline
- Department of Surgical and Radiological Sciences, School of Veterinary Medicine, University of California, Davis, California
| | - Maura Mack
- Department of Population Health and Reproduction, Veterinary Genetics Laboratory, School of Veterinary Medicine, University of California, Davis, California
| | - Naomi J Walker
- Department of Pathology, Microbiology and Immunology, Veterinary Institute for Regenerative Cures, School of Veterinary Medicine, University of California, Davis, California
| | - Dori L Borjesson
- Department of Pathology, Microbiology and Immunology, Veterinary Institute for Regenerative Cures, School of Veterinary Medicine, University of California, Davis, California
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179
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See Hoe LE, Bartnikowski N, Wells MA, Suen JY, Fraser JF. Hurdles to Cardioprotection in the Critically Ill. Int J Mol Sci 2019; 20:E3823. [PMID: 31387264 PMCID: PMC6695809 DOI: 10.3390/ijms20153823] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/05/2019] [Revised: 07/26/2019] [Accepted: 08/03/2019] [Indexed: 02/07/2023] Open
Abstract
Cardiovascular disease is the largest contributor to worldwide mortality, and the deleterious impact of heart failure (HF) is projected to grow exponentially in the future. As heart transplantation (HTx) is the only effective treatment for end-stage HF, development of mechanical circulatory support (MCS) technology has unveiled additional therapeutic options for refractory cardiac disease. Unfortunately, despite both MCS and HTx being quintessential treatments for significant cardiac impairment, associated morbidity and mortality remain high. MCS technology continues to evolve, but is associated with numerous disturbances to cardiac function (e.g., oxidative damage, arrhythmias). Following MCS intervention, HTx is frequently the destination option for survival of critically ill cardiac patients. While effective, donor hearts are scarce, thus limiting HTx to few qualifying patients, and HTx remains correlated with substantial post-HTx complications. While MCS and HTx are vital to survival of critically ill cardiac patients, cardioprotective strategies to improve outcomes from these treatments are highly desirable. Accordingly, this review summarizes the current status of MCS and HTx in the clinic, and the associated cardiac complications inherent to these treatments. Furthermore, we detail current research being undertaken to improve cardiac outcomes following MCS/HTx, and important considerations for reducing the significant morbidity and mortality associated with these necessary treatment strategies.
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Affiliation(s)
- Louise E See Hoe
- Critical Care Research Group, The Prince Charles Hospital, Chermside 4032, Australia.
- Faculty of Medicine, University of Queensland, Chermside 4032, Australia.
| | - Nicole Bartnikowski
- Critical Care Research Group, The Prince Charles Hospital, Chermside 4032, Australia
- Science and Engineering Faculty, Queensland University of Technology, Chermside 4032, Australia
| | - Matthew A Wells
- Critical Care Research Group, The Prince Charles Hospital, Chermside 4032, Australia
- School of Medical Science, Griffith University, Southport 4222, Australia
| | - Jacky Y Suen
- Critical Care Research Group, The Prince Charles Hospital, Chermside 4032, Australia
- Faculty of Medicine, University of Queensland, Chermside 4032, Australia
| | - John F Fraser
- Critical Care Research Group, The Prince Charles Hospital, Chermside 4032, Australia
- Faculty of Medicine, University of Queensland, Chermside 4032, Australia
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180
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Arteaga Cabeza O, Mikrogeorgiou A, Kannan S, Ferriero DM. Advanced nanotherapies to promote neuroregeneration in the injured newborn brain. Adv Drug Deliv Rev 2019; 148:19-37. [PMID: 31678359 DOI: 10.1016/j.addr.2019.10.005] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/01/2018] [Revised: 09/19/2019] [Accepted: 10/23/2019] [Indexed: 12/16/2022]
Abstract
Neonatal brain injury affects thousands of babies each year and may lead to long-term and permanent physical and neurological problems. Currently, therapeutic hypothermia is standard clinical care for term newborns with moderate to severe neonatal encephalopathy. Nevertheless, it is not completely protective, and additional strategies to restore and promote regeneration are urgently needed. One way to ensure recovery following injury to the immature brain is to augment endogenous regenerative pathways. However, novel strategies such as stem cell therapy, gene therapies and nanotechnology have not been adequately explored in this unique age group. In this perspective review, we describe current efforts that promote neuroprotection and potential targets that are unique to the developing brain, which can be leveraged to facilitate neuroregeneration.
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181
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Caplan H, Olson SD, Kumar A, George M, Prabhakara KS, Wenzel P, Bedi S, Toledano-Furman NE, Triolo F, Kamhieh-Milz J, Moll G, Cox CS. Mesenchymal Stromal Cell Therapeutic Delivery: Translational Challenges to Clinical Application. Front Immunol 2019; 10:1645. [PMID: 31417542 PMCID: PMC6685059 DOI: 10.3389/fimmu.2019.01645] [Citation(s) in RCA: 178] [Impact Index Per Article: 35.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/23/2019] [Accepted: 07/02/2019] [Indexed: 12/12/2022] Open
Abstract
For several decades, multipotent mesenchymal stromal cells (MSCs) have been extensively studied for their therapeutic potential across a wide range of diseases. In the preclinical setting, MSCs demonstrate consistent ability to promote tissue healing, down-regulate excessive inflammation and improve outcomes in animal models. Several proposed mechanisms of action have been posited and demonstrated across an array of in vitro models. However, translation into clinical practice has proven considerably more difficult. A number of prominent well-funded late-phase clinical trials have failed, thus calling out for new efforts to optimize product delivery in the clinical setting. In this review, we discuss novel topics critical to the successful translation of MSCs from pre-clinical to clinical applications. In particular, we focus on the major routes of cell delivery, aspects related to hemocompatibility, and potential safety concerns associated with MSC therapy in the different settings.
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Affiliation(s)
- Henry Caplan
- Department of Pediatric Surgery, McGovern Medical School, University of Texas Health Science Center at Houston, Houston, TX, United States
| | - Scott D. Olson
- Department of Pediatric Surgery, McGovern Medical School, University of Texas Health Science Center at Houston, Houston, TX, United States
| | - Akshita Kumar
- Department of Pediatric Surgery, McGovern Medical School, University of Texas Health Science Center at Houston, Houston, TX, United States
| | - Mitchell George
- Department of Pediatric Surgery, McGovern Medical School, University of Texas Health Science Center at Houston, Houston, TX, United States
| | - Karthik S. Prabhakara
- Department of Pediatric Surgery, McGovern Medical School, University of Texas Health Science Center at Houston, Houston, TX, United States
| | - Pamela Wenzel
- Department of Pediatric Surgery, McGovern Medical School, University of Texas Health Science Center at Houston, Houston, TX, United States
| | - Supinder Bedi
- Department of Pediatric Surgery, McGovern Medical School, University of Texas Health Science Center at Houston, Houston, TX, United States
| | - Naama E. Toledano-Furman
- Department of Pediatric Surgery, McGovern Medical School, University of Texas Health Science Center at Houston, Houston, TX, United States
| | - Fabio Triolo
- Department of Pediatric Surgery, McGovern Medical School, University of Texas Health Science Center at Houston, Houston, TX, United States
| | - Julian Kamhieh-Milz
- Department of Transfusion Medicine, Charité Universitätsmedizin Berlin, Corporate Member of Freie Universität Berlin, Humboldt-Universität zu Berlin, and Berlin Institute of Health (BIH), Berlin, Germany
| | - Guido Moll
- BIH Center for Regenerative Therapies (BCRT), Charité Universitätsmedizin Berlin, Corporate Member of Freie Universität Berlin, Humboldt-Universität zu Berlin, and Berlin Institute of Health (BIH), Berlin, Germany
| | - Charles S. Cox
- Department of Pediatric Surgery, McGovern Medical School, University of Texas Health Science Center at Houston, Houston, TX, United States
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182
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Xie P, Deng M, Sun QG, Ma YG, Zhou Y, Ming JH, Chen Q, Liu SQ, Liu JQ, Cai J, Wu F. Therapeutic effect of transplantation of human bone marrow‑derived mesenchymal stem cells on neuron regeneration in a rat model of middle cerebral artery occlusion. Mol Med Rep 2019; 20:3065-3074. [PMID: 31432152 PMCID: PMC6755237 DOI: 10.3892/mmr.2019.10536] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/05/2018] [Accepted: 05/31/2019] [Indexed: 12/15/2022] Open
Abstract
Human bone marrow-derived mesenchymal stromal cells (hBMSCs) have been revealed to be beneficial for the regeneration of tissues and cells in several diseases. The present study aimed to elucidate the mechanisms underlying the effect of hBMSC transplantation on neuron regeneration in a rat model of middle cerebral artery occlusion (MCAO). The hBMSCs were isolated, cultured and identified. A rat model of MCAO was induced via the modified Longa method. Neurological severity scores (NSS) were adopted for the evaluation of neuronal function in the model rats after cell transplantation. Next, the expression levels of nestin, β-III-tubulin (β-III-Tub), glial fibrillary acidic protein (GFAP), HNA and neuronal nuclear antigen (NeuN) were examined, as well as the positive expression rates of human neutrophil alloantigen (HNA), nestin, NeuN, β-III-Tub and GFAP. The NSS, as well as the mRNA and protein expression of nestin, decreased at the 1st, 2nd, 4 and 8th weeks, while the mRNA and protein expression of NeuN, β-III-Tub and GFAP increased with time. In addition, after treatment, the MCAO rats showed decreased NSS and mRNA and protein expression of nestin, but elevated mRNA and protein expression of NeuN, β-III-Tub and GFAP at the 2nd, 4 and 8th weeks, and decreased positive expression of HNA and nestin with enhanced expression of NeuN, β-III-Tub and GFAP. Therefore, the present findings demonstrated that hBMSC transplantation triggered the formation of nerve cells and enhanced neuronal function in a rat model of MCAO.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ping Xie
- Department of Chinese Traditional Medicine, Tongren Hospital of Wuhan University (Wuhan Third Hospital), Wuhan, Hubei 430060, P.R. China
| | - Ming Deng
- Department of Orthopedics, Renmin Hospital of Wuhan University, Wuhan, Hubei 430060, P.R. China
| | - Qin-Guo Sun
- Department of Chinese Traditional Medicine, Tongren Hospital of Wuhan University (Wuhan Third Hospital), Wuhan, Hubei 430060, P.R. China
| | - Yong-Gang Ma
- Department of Orthopedics, Renmin Hospital of Wuhan University, Wuhan, Hubei 430060, P.R. China
| | - Yan Zhou
- Department of Orthopedics, Renmin Hospital of Wuhan University, Wuhan, Hubei 430060, P.R. China
| | - Jiang-Hua Ming
- Department of Orthopedics, Renmin Hospital of Wuhan University, Wuhan, Hubei 430060, P.R. China
| | - Qing Chen
- Department of Orthopedics, Renmin Hospital of Wuhan University, Wuhan, Hubei 430060, P.R. China
| | - Shi-Qing Liu
- Department of Orthopedics, Renmin Hospital of Wuhan University, Wuhan, Hubei 430060, P.R. China
| | - Jun-Qi Liu
- Department of Radiation Oncology, The First of Affiliated Hospital of Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou, Henan 45003, P.R. China
| | - Jun Cai
- Department of Emergency and Trauma Surgery, The Central Hospital of Wuhan, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, Hubei 430014, P.R. China
| | - Fei Wu
- Department of Orthopedics, Renmin Hospital of Wuhan University, Wuhan, Hubei 430060, P.R. China
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183
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Kouroupis D, Bowles AC, Willman MA, Perucca Orfei C, Colombini A, Best TM, Kaplan LD, Correa D. Infrapatellar fat pad-derived MSC response to inflammation and fibrosis induces an immunomodulatory phenotype involving CD10-mediated Substance P degradation. Sci Rep 2019; 9:10864. [PMID: 31350444 PMCID: PMC6659713 DOI: 10.1038/s41598-019-47391-2] [Citation(s) in RCA: 27] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/17/2019] [Accepted: 07/16/2019] [Indexed: 02/06/2023] Open
Abstract
The infrapatellar fat pad (IFP) serves as a reservoir of Mesenchymal Stem Cells (MSC), and with adjacent synovium plays key roles in joint disease including the production of Substance P (SP) affecting local inflammatory responses and transmitting nociceptive signals. Here, we interrogate human IFP-derived MSC (IFP-MSC) reaction to inflammatory and pro-fibrotic environments (cell priming by TNFα/IFNγ and TNFα/IFNγ/CTGF exposure respectively), compared with bone marrow-derived MSC (BM-MSC). Naïve IFP-MSC exhibit increased clonogenicity and chondrogenic potential compared with BM-MSC. Primed cells experienced dramatic phenotypic changes, including a sharp increase in CD10, upregulation of key immunomodulatory transcripts, and secreted growth factors/cytokines affecting key pathways (IL-10, TNF-α, MAPK, Ras and PI3K-Akt). Naïve, and more so primed MSC (both) induced SP degradation in vitro, reproduced with their supernatants and abrogated with thiorphan, a CD10 inhibitor. These findings were reproduced in vivo in a rat model of acute synovitis, where transiently engrafted human IFP-MSC induced local SP reduction. Functionally, primed IFP-MSC demonstrated sustained antagonism of activated human peripheral blood mononuclear cells (PBMC) proliferation, significantly outperforming a declining dose-dependent effect with naïve cohorts. Collectively, our in vitro and in vivo data supports cell priming as a way to enhance the immunoregulatory properties of IFP-MSC, which selectively engraft in areas of active synovitis/IFP fibrosis inducing SP degradation, resulting in a cell-based product alternative to BM-MSC to potentially treat degenerative/inflammatory joint diseases.
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Affiliation(s)
- Dimitrios Kouroupis
- Department of Orthopaedics, UHealth Sports Medicine Institute, University of Miami, Miller School of Medicine, Miami, FL, USA
- Diabetes Research Institute & Cell Transplant Center, University of Miami, Miller School of Medicine, Miami, FL, USA
| | - Annie C Bowles
- Department of Orthopaedics, UHealth Sports Medicine Institute, University of Miami, Miller School of Medicine, Miami, FL, USA
- Diabetes Research Institute & Cell Transplant Center, University of Miami, Miller School of Medicine, Miami, FL, USA
- Department of Biomedical Engineering, University of Miami College of Engineering, Miami, FL, USA
| | - Melissa A Willman
- Diabetes Research Institute & Cell Transplant Center, University of Miami, Miller School of Medicine, Miami, FL, USA
| | - Carlotta Perucca Orfei
- IRCCS Istituto Ortopedico Galeazzi, Laboratorio di Biotecnologie Applicate all'Ortopedia, Milan, Italy
| | - Alessandra Colombini
- IRCCS Istituto Ortopedico Galeazzi, Laboratorio di Biotecnologie Applicate all'Ortopedia, Milan, Italy
| | - Thomas M Best
- Department of Orthopaedics, UHealth Sports Medicine Institute, University of Miami, Miller School of Medicine, Miami, FL, USA
| | - Lee D Kaplan
- Department of Orthopaedics, UHealth Sports Medicine Institute, University of Miami, Miller School of Medicine, Miami, FL, USA
| | - Diego Correa
- Department of Orthopaedics, UHealth Sports Medicine Institute, University of Miami, Miller School of Medicine, Miami, FL, USA.
- Diabetes Research Institute & Cell Transplant Center, University of Miami, Miller School of Medicine, Miami, FL, USA.
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184
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Fu J, Zhang Y, Chu J, Wang X, Yan W, Zhang Q, Liu H. Reduced Graphene Oxide Incorporated Acellular Dermal Composite Scaffold Enables Efficient Local Delivery of Mesenchymal Stem Cells for Accelerating Diabetic Wound Healing. ACS Biomater Sci Eng 2019; 5:4054-4066. [PMID: 33448807 DOI: 10.1021/acsbiomaterials.9b00485] [Citation(s) in RCA: 27] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/21/2022]
Abstract
Chronic skin wounds caused by diabetes mellitus (DM) have been acknowledged as one of the most intractable complications. Local transplantation of mesenchymal stem cells (MSCs) is a promising method, but strategies for stabilizing and efficiently delivering active MSCs according to the wound circumstance with high proteolysis remain the main barrier. Hereon, the study demonstrates the feasibility of incorporating reduced graphene oxide (RGO) nanoparticles with an acellular dermal matrix (ADM) to improve physicochemical characteristics of natural scaffold material and fabricate a highly efficient local transplantation system for MSCs in diabetic wound healing. Under the influence of RGO nanoparticles, the ADM-RGO composite scaffolds achieved high stability and strong mechanical behaviors. In vitro, conductive ADM-RGO scaffolds demonstrated an admirable milieu for stem cells adhesion and proliferation. After having been cocultured with MSCs, the ADM-RGO-MSC composite scaffolds were transplanted into the full-thickness wound of a diabetic model that was induced by streptozotocin (STZ) to evaluate its effects. As a result, the ADM-RGO composite scaffold delivered with MSCs supported robust vascularization and collagen deposition as well as rapid re-epithelialization during diabetic wound healing. Overall, the versatile nature of the ADM-RGO composite scaffold makes it an efficient transplanting mediator for pluripotent stem cells in tissue engineering applications. The composite scaffold delivered with MSCs presents a promising approach for nonhealing diabetic wounds.
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Affiliation(s)
- JinPing Fu
- Department of College of Biophotonics, South China Normal University, No. 55 Zhongshan Avenue West, Tianhe District, Guangzhou, Guangdong 510631, China
| | - Yue Zhang
- Department of College of Biophotonics, South China Normal University, No. 55 Zhongshan Avenue West, Tianhe District, Guangzhou, Guangdong 510631, China
| | - Jing Chu
- Department of College of Biophotonics, South China Normal University, No. 55 Zhongshan Avenue West, Tianhe District, Guangzhou, Guangdong 510631, China
| | - Xiao Wang
- Department of College of Biophotonics, South China Normal University, No. 55 Zhongshan Avenue West, Tianhe District, Guangzhou, Guangdong 510631, China
| | - WenXia Yan
- Department of College of Biophotonics, South China Normal University, No. 55 Zhongshan Avenue West, Tianhe District, Guangzhou, Guangdong 510631, China
| | - Qiong Zhang
- Department of College of Biophotonics, South China Normal University, No. 55 Zhongshan Avenue West, Tianhe District, Guangzhou, Guangdong 510631, China
| | - HanPing Liu
- Department of College of Biophotonics, South China Normal University, No. 55 Zhongshan Avenue West, Tianhe District, Guangzhou, Guangdong 510631, China
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185
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Riazifar M, Mohammadi MR, Pone EJ, Yeri A, Lässer C, Segaliny AI, McIntyre LL, Shelke GV, Hutchins E, Hamamoto A, Calle EN, Crescitelli R, Liao W, Pham V, Yin Y, Jayaraman J, Lakey JRT, Walsh CM, Van Keuren-Jensen K, Lotvall J, Zhao W. Stem Cell-Derived Exosomes as Nanotherapeutics for Autoimmune and Neurodegenerative Disorders. ACS NANO 2019; 13:6670-6688. [PMID: 31117376 PMCID: PMC6880946 DOI: 10.1021/acsnano.9b01004] [Citation(s) in RCA: 336] [Impact Index Per Article: 67.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/03/2023]
Abstract
To dissect therapeutic mechanisms of transplanted stem cells and develop exosome-based nanotherapeutics in treating autoimmune and neurodegenerative diseases, we assessed the effect of exosomes secreted from human mesenchymal stem cells (MSCs) in treating multiple sclerosis using an experimental autoimmune encephalomyelitis (EAE) mouse model. We found that intravenous administration of exosomes produced by MSCs stimulated by IFNγ (IFNγ-Exo) (i) reduced the mean clinical score of EAE mice compared to PBS control, (ii) reduced demyelination, (iii) decreased neuroinflammation, and (iv) upregulated the number of CD4+CD25+FOXP3+ regulatory T cells (Tregs) within the spinal cords of EAE mice. Co-culture of IFNγ-Exo with activated peripheral blood mononuclear cells (PBMCs) cells in vitro reduced PBMC proliferation and levels of pro-inflammatory Th1 and Th17 cytokines including IL-6, IL-12p70, IL-17AF, and IL-22 yet increased levels of immunosuppressive cytokine indoleamine 2,3-dioxygenase. IFNγ-Exo could also induce Tregs in vitro in a murine splenocyte culture, likely mediated by a third-party accessory cell type. Further, IFNγ-Exo characterization by deep RNA sequencing suggested that IFNγ-Exo contains anti-inflammatory RNAs, where their inactivation partially hindered the exosomes potential to induce Tregs. Furthermore, we found that IFNγ-Exo harbors multiple anti-inflammatory and neuroprotective proteins. These results not only shed light on stem cell therapeutic mechanisms but also provide evidence that MSC-derived exosomes can potentially serve as cell-free therapies in creating a tolerogenic immune response to treat autoimmune and central nervous system disorders.
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Affiliation(s)
- Milad Riazifar
- Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Sue and Bill Gross Stem Cell Research Center, Chao Family Comprehensive Cancer Center, Edwards Life Sciences Center for Advanced Cardiovascular Technology, Department of Biomedical Engineering, and Department of Biological Chemistry, University of California, Irvine, Irvine, California 92697, United States
| | - M. Rezaa Mohammadi
- Department of Materials Science and Engineering, University of California, Irvine, Irvine, California 92697, United States
| | - Egest J. Pone
- Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Sue and Bill Gross Stem Cell Research Center, Chao Family Comprehensive Cancer Center, Edwards Life Sciences Center for Advanced Cardiovascular Technology, Department of Biomedical Engineering, and Department of Biological Chemistry, University of California, Irvine, Irvine, California 92697, United States
- Department of Physiology and Biophysics, Vaccine Research and Development Center, University of California, Irvine, Irvine, California 92697, United States
| | - Ashish Yeri
- Neurogenomics Division, Translational Genomics Research Institute, Phoenix, Arizona 85004, United States
| | - Cecilia Lässer
- Krefting Research Center, Institute of Medicine, The Sahlgrenska Academy, University of Gothenburg, Gothenburg 40530, Sweden
| | - Aude I. Segaliny
- Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Sue and Bill Gross Stem Cell Research Center, Chao Family Comprehensive Cancer Center, Edwards Life Sciences Center for Advanced Cardiovascular Technology, Department of Biomedical Engineering, and Department of Biological Chemistry, University of California, Irvine, Irvine, California 92697, United States
| | - Laura L. McIntyre
- Department of Molecular Biology and Biochemistry, Sue and Bill Gross Stem Cell Center, Multiple Sclerosis Research Center, University of California, Irvine, Irvine, California 92697, United States
| | - Ganesh Vilas Shelke
- Krefting Research Center, Institute of Medicine, The Sahlgrenska Academy, University of Gothenburg, Gothenburg 40530, Sweden
- Department of Surgery, Institute of Clinical Sciences, University of Gothenburg and Sahlgrenska University Hospital, Gothenburg 41345, Sweden
| | - Elizabeth Hutchins
- Neurogenomics Division, Translational Genomics Research Institute, Phoenix, Arizona 85004, United States
| | - Ashley Hamamoto
- Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Sue and Bill Gross Stem Cell Research Center, Chao Family Comprehensive Cancer Center, Edwards Life Sciences Center for Advanced Cardiovascular Technology, Department of Biomedical Engineering, and Department of Biological Chemistry, University of California, Irvine, Irvine, California 92697, United States
| | - Erika N. Calle
- Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Sue and Bill Gross Stem Cell Research Center, Chao Family Comprehensive Cancer Center, Edwards Life Sciences Center for Advanced Cardiovascular Technology, Department of Biomedical Engineering, and Department of Biological Chemistry, University of California, Irvine, Irvine, California 92697, United States
| | - Rossella Crescitelli
- Krefting Research Center, Institute of Medicine, The Sahlgrenska Academy, University of Gothenburg, Gothenburg 40530, Sweden
| | - Wenbin Liao
- Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Sue and Bill Gross Stem Cell Research Center, Chao Family Comprehensive Cancer Center, Edwards Life Sciences Center for Advanced Cardiovascular Technology, Department of Biomedical Engineering, and Department of Biological Chemistry, University of California, Irvine, Irvine, California 92697, United States
| | - Victor Pham
- Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Sue and Bill Gross Stem Cell Research Center, Chao Family Comprehensive Cancer Center, Edwards Life Sciences Center for Advanced Cardiovascular Technology, Department of Biomedical Engineering, and Department of Biological Chemistry, University of California, Irvine, Irvine, California 92697, United States
| | - Yanan Yin
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Cell Biology, Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, Shanghai 200025, China
| | - Jayapriya Jayaraman
- Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Sue and Bill Gross Stem Cell Research Center, Chao Family Comprehensive Cancer Center, Edwards Life Sciences Center for Advanced Cardiovascular Technology, Department of Biomedical Engineering, and Department of Biological Chemistry, University of California, Irvine, Irvine, California 92697, United States
| | - Jonathan R. T. Lakey
- Department of Surgery, University of California, Irvine, Orange, California 92868, United States
| | - Craig M. Walsh
- Department of Molecular Biology and Biochemistry, Sue and Bill Gross Stem Cell Center, Multiple Sclerosis Research Center, University of California, Irvine, Irvine, California 92697, United States
| | - Kendall Van Keuren-Jensen
- Neurogenomics Division, Translational Genomics Research Institute, Phoenix, Arizona 85004, United States
| | - Jan Lotvall
- Krefting Research Center, Institute of Medicine, The Sahlgrenska Academy, University of Gothenburg, Gothenburg 40530, Sweden
| | - Weian Zhao
- Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Sue and Bill Gross Stem Cell Research Center, Chao Family Comprehensive Cancer Center, Edwards Life Sciences Center for Advanced Cardiovascular Technology, Department of Biomedical Engineering, and Department of Biological Chemistry, University of California, Irvine, Irvine, California 92697, United States
- Corresponding Author:
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186
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Avivar-Valderas A, Martín-Martín C, Ramírez C, Del Río B, Menta R, Mancheño-Corvo P, Ortiz-Virumbrales M, Herrero-Méndez Á, Panés J, García-Olmo D, Castañer JL, Palacios I, Lombardo E, Dalemans W, DelaRosa O. Dissecting Allo-Sensitization After Local Administration of Human Allogeneic Adipose Mesenchymal Stem Cells in Perianal Fistulas of Crohn's Disease Patients. Front Immunol 2019; 10:1244. [PMID: 31258526 PMCID: PMC6587893 DOI: 10.3389/fimmu.2019.01244] [Citation(s) in RCA: 25] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/19/2019] [Accepted: 05/16/2019] [Indexed: 12/19/2022] Open
Abstract
Adipose mesenchymal stem cells (ASC) are considered minimally immunogenic. This is due to the low expression of human leukocyte antigens I (HLA-I), lack of HLA-II expression and low expression of co-stimulatory molecules such as CD40 and CD80. The low rate of observed immunological rejection as well as the immunomodulatory qualities, position ASC as a promising cell-based therapy for the treatment of a variety of inflammatory indications. Yet, few studies have addressed relevant aspects of immunogenicity such as ASC donor-to-patient HLA histocompatibility or assessment of immune response triggered by ASC administration, particularly in the cases of presensitization. The present study aims to assess allo-immune responses in a cohort of Crohn's disease patients administered with allogeneic ASC (darvadstrocel formerly Cx601) for the treatment of complex perianal fistulas. We identified donor-specific antibodies (DSA) generation in a proportion of patients and observed that patients showing preexisting immunity were prone to generating DSA after allogeneic therapy. Noteworthy, naïve patients generating DSA at week 12 (W12) showed a significant reduction in DSA titer at week 52 (W52), whereas DSA titer was reduced in pre-sensitized patients only with no specificities against the donor administered. Remarkably, we did not observe any correlation of DSA generation with ASC therapeutic efficacy. In vitro complement-dependent cytotoxicity (CDC) studies have revealed limited cytotoxic levels based upon HLA-I expression and binding capacity even in pro-inflammatory conditions. We sought to identify CDC coping mechanisms contributing to the limited cytotoxic killing observed in ASC in vitro. We found that ASC express membrane-bound complement regulatory proteins (mCRPs) CD55, CD46, and CD59 at basal levels, with CD46 more actively expressed in pro-inflammatory conditions. We demonstrated that CD46 is a main driver of CDC signaling; its depletion significantly enhances sensitivity of ASC to CDC. In summary, despite relatively high clearance, DSA generation may represent a major challenge for allogeneic cell therapy management. Sensitization may be a significant concern when evaluating re-treatment or multi-donor trials. It is still unknown whether DSA generation could potentially be the consequence of donor-to-patient interaction and, therefore, subsequently link to efficacy or biological activity. Lastly, we propose that CDC modulators such as CD46 could be used to ultimately link CDC specificity with allogeneic cell therapy efficacy.
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Affiliation(s)
| | | | - Cristina Ramírez
- Takeda Madrid, Cell Therapy Technology Center-Cell Therapies, Madrid, Spain
| | - Borja Del Río
- Takeda Madrid, Cell Therapy Technology Center-Cell Therapies, Madrid, Spain
| | - Ramón Menta
- Takeda Madrid, Cell Therapy Technology Center-Cell Therapies, Madrid, Spain
| | | | | | | | - Julián Panés
- Department of Gastroenterology, Hospital Clínic, IDIBAPS, CIBERehd, Barcelona, Spain
| | - Damián García-Olmo
- Department of Surgery, Hospital U. Fundación Jiménez Díaz, Madrid, Spain
| | - José Luís Castañer
- Department of Immunology, University Hospital Ramon y Cajal, Madrid, Spain
| | - Itziar Palacios
- Takeda Madrid, Cell Therapy Technology Center-Cell Therapies, Madrid, Spain
| | - Eleuterio Lombardo
- Takeda Madrid, Cell Therapy Technology Center-Cell Therapies, Madrid, Spain
| | | | - Olga DelaRosa
- Takeda Madrid, Cell Therapy Technology Center-Cell Therapies, Madrid, Spain
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187
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Emerging Role of Mesenchymal Stromal Cell-Derived Extracellular Vesicles in Pathogenesis of Haematological Malignancies. Stem Cells Int 2019; 2019:6854080. [PMID: 31281380 PMCID: PMC6589251 DOI: 10.1155/2019/6854080] [Citation(s) in RCA: 17] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/30/2018] [Accepted: 03/11/2019] [Indexed: 02/07/2023] Open
Abstract
Homoeostasis of bone marrow microenvironment depends on a precise balance between cell proliferation and death, which is supported by the cellular-extracellular matrix crosstalk. Multipotent mesenchymal stromal cells (MSC) are the key elements to provide the specialized bone marrow microenvironment by supporting, maintaining, and regulating the functions and fate of haematopoietic stem cells. Despite the great potential of MSC for cell therapy in several diseases due to their regenerative, immunomodulatory, and anti-inflammatory properties, they can also contribute to modulate tumor microenvironment. The extracellular vesicles that comprise exosomes and microvesicles are important mediators of intercellular communication due to their ability to change phenotype and physiology of different cell types. These vesicles may interact not only with neighbouring cells but also with cells from distant tissues to either maintain tissue homoeostasis or participate in disease pathogenesis. This review focuses on the current knowledge about the physiological role of MSC-extracellular vesicles, as well as their deregulation in haematological malignancies and their potential applications as biomarkers for diagnosis, progression, and treatment monitoring of such diseases.
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188
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Lopez N, Ramamoorthy S, Sandborn WJ. Recent advances in the management of perianal fistulizing Crohn's disease: lessons for the clinic. Expert Rev Gastroenterol Hepatol 2019; 13:563-577. [PMID: 31023087 PMCID: PMC6545251 DOI: 10.1080/17474124.2019.1608818] [Citation(s) in RCA: 26] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/11/2022]
Abstract
Managing fistulizing perianal disease is among the most challenging aspects of treating patients with Crohn's disease. Perianal fistulas are indicative of poor long-term prognosis. They are commonly associated with significant morbidities and can have detrimental effects on quality of life. While durable fistula closure is ideal, it is uncommon. In optimal circumstances, reported long-term fistula healing rates are only slightly higher than 50% and recurrence is common. Achieving these results requires a combined medical and surgical approach, highlighting the importance of a highly skilled and collaborative multidisciplinary team. In recent years, advances in imaging, biologic therapies and surgical techniques have lent to growing enthusiasm amongst treatment teams, however the most advantageous approach is yet to be determined. Areas covered: Here we review current management approaches, incorporating recent guidelines and novel therapies. Additionally, we discuss recently published and ongoing studies that will likely impact practice in the coming years. Expert opinion: Investing in concerted collaborative multi-institutional efforts will be necessary to better define optimal timing and dosing of medical therapy, as well as to identify ideal timing and approach of surgical interventions. Standardizing outcome measures can facilitate these efforts. Clearly, experienced multidisciplinary teams will be paramount in this process.
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Affiliation(s)
- Nicole Lopez
- Division of Colon and Rectal Surgery, University of California San Diego, California, USA
| | - Sonia Ramamoorthy
- Division of Colon and Rectal Surgery, University of California San Diego, California, USA
| | - Willam J. Sandborn
- Inflammatory Bowel Disease Center, University of California San Diego, California, USA,Division of Gastroenterology, University of California San Diego, California, USA
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189
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Barati S, Kashani IR, Tahmasebi F, Mehrabi S, Joghataei MT. Effect of mesenchymal stem cells on glial cells population in cuprizone induced demyelination model. Neuropeptides 2019; 75:75-84. [PMID: 31030907 DOI: 10.1016/j.npep.2019.04.001] [Citation(s) in RCA: 17] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/18/2019] [Revised: 04/11/2019] [Accepted: 04/12/2019] [Indexed: 12/30/2022]
Abstract
Mesenchymal stem cells (MSCs) have a notable potential to modulate immune responses and protect the central nervous system (CNS), mostly by secreting factors that affect inflammation. MSCs have the ability to improve several autoimmune diseases in animal models including multiple sclerosis (MS). MS is a disease of the CNS among adult humans and it is characterized by demyelination, neuroinflammation and gliosis. In this study, we first induced chronic demyelination by cuprizone, followed by intraventricular injection of MSC. Our results showed that MSC significantly decreased microgliosis and astrocytosis by secreting cytokines that have neuroprotective activity including TGF-β and CX3CL1. Also, downregulation of IL-1β and TNF-α as inflammatory chemokines was seen along with decreased astrocytes and microglia activation. Finally, these results showed that trophic factors secreted by MSC can increase oligodendrocyte population and remyelination rate by reducing pro-inflammatory factors. These findings demonstrate that MSC could decrease inflammation, gliosis and demyelination with neuroprotective and immunomodulating properties in chronic cuprizone demyelination model. Therefore MSC transplantation can be considered as a suitable approach for enhancing myelination and reducing inflammation in diseases such as MS.
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Affiliation(s)
- Shirin Barati
- Department of Anatomy, Faculty of Medicine, Iran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
| | - Iraj Ragerdi Kashani
- Department of Anatomy, Faculty of Medicine, Tehran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
| | - Fatemeh Tahmasebi
- Department of Anatomy, Faculty of Medicine, Tehran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
| | - Soraya Mehrabi
- Department of Physiology, Faculty of Medicine, Iran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
| | - Mohammad Taghi Joghataei
- Department of Anatomy, Faculty of Medicine, Iran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran; Cellular and Molecular Research Center, Faculty of Medicine, Iran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran.
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190
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West ME, Sefton EJ, Sefton MV. Bone Marrow-Derived Macrophages Enhance Vessel Stability in Modular Engineered Tissues. Tissue Eng Part A 2019; 25:911-923. [DOI: 10.1089/ten.tea.2018.0222] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/19/2022] Open
Affiliation(s)
- Michael E.D. West
- Institute of Biomaterials and Biomedical Engineering, University of Toronto, Toronto, Canada
| | - Elana J.B. Sefton
- Institute of Biomaterials and Biomedical Engineering, University of Toronto, Toronto, Canada
| | - Michael V. Sefton
- Institute of Biomaterials and Biomedical Engineering, University of Toronto, Toronto, Canada
- Department of Chemical Engineering and Applied Chemistry, University of Toronto, Toronto, Canada
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191
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Sharma M, Ross C, Srivastava S. Ally to adversary: mesenchymal stem cells and their transformation in leukaemia. Cancer Cell Int 2019; 19:139. [PMID: 31139016 PMCID: PMC6530176 DOI: 10.1186/s12935-019-0855-5] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/17/2019] [Accepted: 05/11/2019] [Indexed: 12/14/2022] Open
Abstract
Mesenchymal stem cells (MSC) are the key regulators of hematopoiesis. Owing to their dynamic nature; MSC differentiate into various lineages that further constitute the niche which are required for maintenance of the hematopoietic stem cells (HSC). A plethora of growth factors and cytokines secreted by MSC are essential for regulating the homeostasis within the niche in terms of cycling and quiescence of HSC. Additionally, there is a strong evidence suggesting the role of MSC in transformation of the niche to favour survival of leukemic cells. Regulation of HSC by MSC via BMP, Wnt, Notch and Sonic Hedgehog signalling has been well elaborated, however the modulation of MSC by HSC/LSC is yet unresolved. The cross talk between the HSC and MSC via paracrine or autocrine mechanisms is essential for the transformation. There are some reports implicating cell adhesion molecules, growth factors and cytokines; in modulation of MSC function and differentiation. The role of exosome mediated modulation has also been reported in the context of MSC transformation however, much needs to be done to understand this phenomenon in the present context. Similarly, the role of circulating nucleic acids, a well-studied molecular phenomenon in other tumours, requires attention in their potential role in crosstalk between MSC and HSC. This review underlines the current understanding of the physiological and pathophysiological roles of MSC and its transformation in diseased state, laying stress on developing further understanding of MSC regulation for development of the latter as therapeutic targets.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mugdha Sharma
- 1Department of Medicine, St. John's Medical College Hospital, Bangalore, India
| | - Cecil Ross
- 1Department of Medicine, St. John's Medical College Hospital, Bangalore, India
| | - Sweta Srivastava
- 2Department of Transfusion Medicine and Immunohematology, St. John's Medical College Hospital, Bangalore, India
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192
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Human Menstrual Blood-Derived Stem Cells Inhibit the Proliferation of HeLa Cells via TGF- β1-Mediated JNK/P21 Signaling Pathways. Stem Cells Int 2019; 2019:9280298. [PMID: 31236116 PMCID: PMC6545769 DOI: 10.1155/2019/9280298] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/16/2018] [Revised: 01/03/2019] [Accepted: 03/20/2019] [Indexed: 12/24/2022] Open
Abstract
Human menstrual blood-derived stem cells (hMBSCs) are a novel type of mesenchymal stem cells (MSCs) that have a high proliferative rate, multilineage differentiation potential, low immunogenicity, and low oncogenicity, making them suitable candidates for regenerative medicine. The therapeutic efficacy of hMBSCs has been demonstrated in some diseases; however, their effects on cervical cancer remain unclear. In the present study, we investigated whether hMBSCs have anticancer properties on cervical cancer cells in vivo and in vitro, which has not yet been reported. In vitro, transwell coculturing experiments revealed that hMBSCs suppress the proliferation and invasion of HeLa cervical cancer cells by inducing G0/G1 cell cycle arrest. In vivo, we established a xenografted BALB/c nude mouse model by subcutaneously coinjecting HeLa cells with hMBSCs for 21 days. We found that hMBSCs significantly decrease the average volume and average weight of xenografted tumors. ELISA, TGF-β1 antibody, and recombinant human TGF-β1 (rhTGF-β1) were used to analyze whether TGF-β1 contributed to cell cycle arrest. We found that hMBSC-secreted TGF-β1 and rhTGF-β1 induced cell cycle arrest and increased the expression of phospho-JNK and phospho-P21 in HeLa cells, which was mostly reversed by TGF-β1 antibody. These results indicate that hMBSCs have antitumor properties on cervical cancer in vitro and in vivo, mediated by the TGF-β1/JNK/p21 signaling pathway. In conclusion, this study suggests that hMBSC-based therapy is promising for the treatment of cervical cancer.
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193
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Li T, Ma H, Ma H, Ma Z, Qiang L, Yang Z, Yang X, Zhou X, Dai K, Wang J. Mussel-Inspired Nanostructures Potentiate the Immunomodulatory Properties and Angiogenesis of Mesenchymal Stem Cells. ACS APPLIED MATERIALS & INTERFACES 2019; 11:17134-17146. [PMID: 31008578 DOI: 10.1021/acsami.8b22017] [Citation(s) in RCA: 42] [Impact Index Per Article: 8.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/09/2023]
Abstract
The therapeutic effects of mesenchymal stem cells (MSCs)-material constructs mainly come from the secretion of trophic factors from MSCs, especially the immunomodulatory and angiogenic cytokines. Recent findings indicate the significance of topographical cues from these materials in modulating paracrine functions of MSCs. Here, we developed functionalized three-dimensional-printed bioceramic (BC) scaffolds with a mussel-inspired surface coating in order to regulate the paracrine function of adipose-derived MSCs (Ad-MSCs). We found that Ad-MSCs cultured on polydopamine-modified BC scaffolds (DOPA-BC) significantly produced more immunomodulatory and pro-angiogenic factors when compared with those cultured on BC scaffolds or microplates. Functional assays, such as endothelial progenitor cells migration, tube formation, and macrophage polarization, were performed to confirm the enhanced paracrine functions of the secreted trophic factors from Ad-MSCs cultured on DOPA-BC scaffolds. Further investigation identified that both focal adhesion kinase- and extracellular signal-related kinase signaling were the required mechano-transduction pathways through which the mussel-inspired surface stimulated the paracrine effect of Ad-MSCs. In a diabetic skin-defect-healing model in rats, conditioned medium received from the Ad-MSCs cultured on DOPA-BC sped wound closure, enhanced vascularization, and promoted macrophage switching from a proinflammatory M1 to a pro-healing and anti-inflammatory M2 phenotype in the wound bed. These results demonstrate that a bio-inspired coating with polydopamine represents an effective method to enhance the paracrine function of MSCs. Our findings illustrate a novel strategy to accelerate tissue regeneration by guiding the paracrine-signaling network.
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Affiliation(s)
- Tao Li
- Shanghai Key Laboratory of Orthopaedic Implant, Department of Orthopaedic Surgery, Shanghai Ninth People's Hospital , Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine , Shanghai 200011 , P. R. China
| | - Hongshi Ma
- Shanghai Key Laboratory of Orthopaedic Implant, Department of Orthopaedic Surgery, Shanghai Ninth People's Hospital , Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine , Shanghai 200011 , P. R. China
| | - Hongzhi Ma
- Department of Radiation Oncology, Hunan Cancer Hospital and the Affiliated Cancer Hospital of Xiangya School of Medicine , Central South University , Changsha 410006 , Hunan , China
| | - Zhenjiang Ma
- Shanghai Key Laboratory of Orthopaedic Implant, Department of Orthopaedic Surgery, Shanghai Ninth People's Hospital , Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine , Shanghai 200011 , P. R. China
| | - Lei Qiang
- Southwest Jiaotong University College of Medicine , No. 111, North Section, 2nd Ring Road , Chengdu 610031 , Sichuan , China
| | - Zezheng Yang
- Shanghai Key Laboratory of Orthopaedic Implant, Department of Orthopaedic Surgery, Shanghai Ninth People's Hospital , Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine , Shanghai 200011 , P. R. China
| | - Xiaoxiao Yang
- Shanghai Key Laboratory of Orthopaedic Implant, Department of Orthopaedic Surgery, Shanghai Ninth People's Hospital , Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine , Shanghai 200011 , P. R. China
| | - Xiaojun Zhou
- Shanghai Key Laboratory of Orthopaedic Implant, Department of Orthopaedic Surgery, Shanghai Ninth People's Hospital , Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine , Shanghai 200011 , P. R. China
| | - Kerong Dai
- Shanghai Key Laboratory of Orthopaedic Implant, Department of Orthopaedic Surgery, Shanghai Ninth People's Hospital , Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine , Shanghai 200011 , P. R. China
| | - Jinwu Wang
- Shanghai Key Laboratory of Orthopaedic Implant, Department of Orthopaedic Surgery, Shanghai Ninth People's Hospital , Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine , Shanghai 200011 , P. R. China
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194
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Won HR, Song EH, Won JE, Lee HY, Kang SU, Shin YS, Kim CH. Liquid-type non-thermal atmospheric plasma ameliorates vocal fold scarring by modulating vocal fold fibroblast. Exp Biol Med (Maywood) 2019; 244:824-833. [PMID: 31088117 DOI: 10.1177/1535370219850084] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/14/2023] Open
Abstract
Injection laryngoplasty is a widely used therapeutic option for drug delivery into vocal folds (VFs). Efficient injectable materials are urgently needed for treating intractable VF disease. Liquid-type non-thermal atmospheric plasma (LTP) has been found to be useful for various biological applications, including in regenerative medicine. We evaluated the effects of LTP on VF regeneration. Migration and matrix metalloproteinase-2 expression of lipopolysaccharide (LPS)-treated human vocal fold-derived mesenchymal stem cells (VF-MSCs) were enhanced by LTP treatment. LTP treatment not only ameliorated nuclear factor-κB and interleukin-6 activation, induced by LPS treatment, but also the increased manifestation of α-smooth muscle actin and fibronectin, induced by transforming growth factor-ß. In a rabbit VF scarring animal model, histological analyses showed increased hyaluronic acid deposition and decreased collagen accumulation after LTP injection. Videokymographic analysis showed more improved vibrations in LTP-treated VF mucosa compared to those in non-treated group. In conclusion, LTP treatment enhanced the recruitment and activation of VF-MSCs. Regulated extracellular matrix (ECM) synthesis and eventual functional improvement of scarred VFs were observed upon LTP treatment. The results of this study suggest that LTP injection can enhance wound healing and improve functional remodeling following VF injury. Impact statement Voice disorder has a significant impact on life quality, and one of the major causes of this voice disorder is vocal fold scarring. Therefore, various approaches have been tried to treat for voice disorder. However, no method has satisfied all requirements until now. Plasma medicine, which involves the medical application of plasma, is a rapidly developing field. We have confirmed that liquid-type plasma improved vocal fold scarring by mobilizing and activating vocal fold fibroblast. In conclusion, liquid-type plasma is a potential therapeutic agent for promoting vocal fold scarring through simple injection and it may be an alternative therapeutic agent for the current situation to treat voice disorder.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ho-Ryun Won
- 1 Department of Otolaryngology-Head and Neck Surgery, Chungnam National University Hospital, Daejeon 35015, Republic of Korea.,2 Department of Otolaryngology, Ajou University School of Medicine, Suwon 16499, Republic of Korea
| | - Eun Hye Song
- 2 Department of Otolaryngology, Ajou University School of Medicine, Suwon 16499, Republic of Korea
| | - Jong Eun Won
- 3 Department of Molecular Science & Technology, Ajou University, Suwon 16499, Republic of Korea
| | - Hye Young Lee
- 3 Department of Molecular Science & Technology, Ajou University, Suwon 16499, Republic of Korea
| | - Sung Un Kang
- 2 Department of Otolaryngology, Ajou University School of Medicine, Suwon 16499, Republic of Korea
| | - Yoo Seob Shin
- 2 Department of Otolaryngology, Ajou University School of Medicine, Suwon 16499, Republic of Korea.,3 Department of Molecular Science & Technology, Ajou University, Suwon 16499, Republic of Korea
| | - Chul-Ho Kim
- 2 Department of Otolaryngology, Ajou University School of Medicine, Suwon 16499, Republic of Korea.,3 Department of Molecular Science & Technology, Ajou University, Suwon 16499, Republic of Korea
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195
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Ghazanfari T, Ghaffarpour S, Kariminia A, Salehi E, Hashemi SM, Ardestani SK, Gohari Moghadam K, Mirsharif ES, Dilmaghanian R, Fadaei A, Faghihzadeh S. Circulating mesenchymal stem cells in sulfur mustard-exposed patients with long-term pulmonary complications. Toxicol Lett 2019; 312:188-194. [PMID: 31095986 DOI: 10.1016/j.toxlet.2019.05.015] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/26/2018] [Revised: 04/17/2019] [Accepted: 05/12/2019] [Indexed: 10/26/2022]
Abstract
Sulfur mustard (SM) is a toxic agent that causes acute and long-term pulmonary complications. Recent evidence has shown the impact of SM on mesenchymal stem cells (MSCs). These cells have a critical role in repairing the damaged tissues. In this study, we evaluated the mobilization of MSCs in SM-exposed patients with long-term pulmonary complications. Fifty-nine SM-injured patients with prolonged pulmonary complications and 20 healthy individuals were included. Patients were classified based on taking drugs, having comorbidities, and severity of respiratory consequence. MSCs with phenotype of CD45-CD44+CD29+CD105+ were evaluated in peripheral blood using flow cytometry. Circulating MSCs were lower in SM-exposed patients compared to the control group (0.93 vs. 2.72 respectively, P = 0.005). No significant difference was observed in the MSC count between patients taking corticosteroids or antibiotics and those patients not taking them. Comorbidities like liver and kidney diseases had changed the count of MSCs in SM-exposed subjects. In addition, the frequency of MSCs did not show any association with the severity of long-term pulmonary complications. In conclusion, SM-exposure causes a decline in the frequency of circulating MSCs in survivors. The lower number of the peripheral MSC population in SM-exposed patients was not affected by taking corticosteroids or antibiotics, but comorbidities are probably involved in MSC frequency. The decreases observed in the number of circulating MSCs was not associated with the severity of the pulmonary complications; however, further studies in mustard lung models are required to demonstrate the therapeutic or pathologic role of MSCs in SM injuries.
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Affiliation(s)
- Tooba Ghazanfari
- Immunoregulation Research Center, Shahed University, Tehran, Islamic Republic of Iran; Department of Immunology, Shahed University, 1471, North Karegar Street, Tehran, Islamic Republic of Iran.
| | - Sara Ghaffarpour
- Immunoregulation Research Center, Shahed University, Tehran, Islamic Republic of Iran
| | - Amina Kariminia
- British Columbia Children's Hospital Research Institute, Pediatrics Department, Faculty of, Medicine, University of British Columbia, Vancouver, BC, Canada
| | - Eisa Salehi
- Department of Immunology, School of Medicine, Tehran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Islamic Republic of Iran
| | - Seyed Mahmoud Hashemi
- Department of Immunology, School of Medicine, Shahid Beheshti University of Medica, Sciences, Tehran, Islamic Republic of Iran
| | | | - Keivan Gohari Moghadam
- Internal Medicine Department, Faculty of Medicine, Tehran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Islamic Republic of Iran
| | | | - Razieh Dilmaghanian
- Immunoregulation Research Center, Shahed University, Tehran, Islamic Republic of Iran
| | - Abbas Fadaei
- Department of Pulmonology and Intensive Care Medicine, Shahid Labbafinejad Hospital, Shahid Beheshti University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Islamic Republic of Iran
| | - Soghrat Faghihzadeh
- Department of Biostatistics and Social Medicine, Zanjan University of Medical Sciences, Zanjan, Islamic Republic of Iran
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196
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Ullah M, Liu DD, Thakor AS. Mesenchymal Stromal Cell Homing: Mechanisms and Strategies for Improvement. iScience 2019; 15:421-438. [PMID: 31121468 PMCID: PMC6529790 DOI: 10.1016/j.isci.2019.05.004] [Citation(s) in RCA: 300] [Impact Index Per Article: 60.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/12/2019] [Revised: 03/30/2019] [Accepted: 05/02/2019] [Indexed: 02/07/2023] Open
Abstract
Mesenchymal stromal cells (MSCs) have been widely investigated for their therapeutic potential in regenerative medicine, owing to their ability to home damaged tissue and serve as a reservoir of growth factors and regenerative molecules. As such, clinical applications of MSCs are reliant on these cells successfully migrating to the desired tissue following their administration. Unfortunately, MSC homing is inefficient, with only a small percentage of cells reaching the target tissue following systemic administration. This attrition represents a major bottleneck in realizing the full therapeutic potential of MSC-based therapies. Accordingly, a variety of strategies have been employed in the hope of improving this process. Here, we review the molecular mechanisms underlying MSC homing, based on a multistep model involving (1) initial tethering by selectins, (2) activation by cytokines, (3) arrest by integrins, (4) diapedesis or transmigration using matrix remodelers, and (5) extravascular migration toward chemokine gradients. We then review the various strategies that have been investigated for improving MSC homing, including genetic modification, cell surface engineering, in vitro priming of MSCs, and in particular, ultrasound techniques, which have recently gained significant interest. Contextualizing these strategies within the multistep homing model emphasizes that our ability to optimize this process hinges on our understanding of its molecular mechanisms. Moving forward, it is only with a combined effort of basic biology and translational work that the potential of MSC-based therapies can be realized.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mujib Ullah
- Interventional Regenerative Medicine and Imaging Laboratory, Stanford University School of Medicine, Department of Radiology, Palo Alto, CA 94304, USA
| | - Daniel D Liu
- Interventional Regenerative Medicine and Imaging Laboratory, Stanford University School of Medicine, Department of Radiology, Palo Alto, CA 94304, USA
| | - Avnesh S Thakor
- Interventional Regenerative Medicine and Imaging Laboratory, Stanford University School of Medicine, Department of Radiology, Palo Alto, CA 94304, USA.
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197
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Umbilical cord-derived mesenchymal stem cell extracts ameliorate atopic dermatitis in mice by reducing the T cell responses. Sci Rep 2019; 9:6623. [PMID: 31036853 PMCID: PMC6488580 DOI: 10.1038/s41598-019-42964-7] [Citation(s) in RCA: 27] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/05/2018] [Accepted: 04/08/2019] [Indexed: 12/13/2022] Open
Abstract
Mesenchymal stem cells derived from Wharton’s jelly of the umbilical cord (UC-MSCs) have immunomodulatory properties. The aim of this study was to explore whether extracts of MSCs (MSC-Ex) could augment the low therapeutic efficacy of the whole cells in an Aspergillus fumigatus (Af)-induced atopic dermatitis (AD) model. LPS- or TNF-α/IFN-γ-stimulated keratinocytes (HaCaT cells) were treated with MSC-Ex, and the Af-induced AD model was established in BALB/c mice. In HaCaT cells, MSC-Ex treatment significantly reduced the inflammatory cytokine (IL-6, IL-1β, IL-4, IL-5 and TNF-α), iNOS and NF-κB levels, and upregulated the anti-inflammatory cytokines (IL-10 and TGF-β1). In the AD mice, the MSC-Ex group showed greatly reduced dermatitis, and lower clinical symptom scores and IgE levels. The histological dermatitis scores were also markedly lower in the MSC-Ex-treated animals compared with the MSC-treated group. Decreased levels of IFN-γ (Th1) and IL-17 (Th17), IL-4 and IL-13 (Th2) were detected in T cells and the skin tissue from the MSC-Ex treated AD mice. The therapeutic capacity of MSC-Ex was preserved after lyophilization and reconstitution. MSC-Ex treatment reproducibly suppresses dermatitis and inhibits the induction of inflammatory cytokines in the skin of AD mice. MSC-Ex is therefore a potential new treatment agent for AD.
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198
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Bernardini C, Bertocchi M, Zannoni A, Salaroli R, Tubon I, Dothel G, Fernandez M, Bacci ML, Calzà L, Forni M. Constitutive and LPS-stimulated secretome of porcine Vascular Wall-Mesenchymal Stem Cells exerts effects on in vitro endothelial angiogenesis. BMC Vet Res 2019; 15:123. [PMID: 31029157 PMCID: PMC6487069 DOI: 10.1186/s12917-019-1873-1] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/28/2019] [Accepted: 04/16/2019] [Indexed: 12/20/2022] Open
Abstract
Background MSCs secretome is under investigation as an alternative to whole-cell-based therapies, since it is enriched of bioactive molecules: growth factors, cytokines and chemokines. Taking into account the translational value of the pig model, the leading aim of the present paper was to characterize the secretome of porcine Vascular Wall–Mesenchymal Stem Cells (pVW-MSCs) and its change in presence of LPS stimulation. Moreover, considering the importance of angiogenesis in regenerative mechanisms, we analysed the effect of pVW-MSCs secretome on in vitro angiogenesis. Results Our results demonstrated that conditioned medium from unstimulated pVW-MSCs contained high levels of IL-8, GM-CSF, IFN-γ and other immunomodulatory proteins: IL-6 IL-18 IL-4 IL-2 IL-10. LPS modulates pVW-MSCs gene expression and secretome composition, in particular a significant increase of IL-6 and IL-8 was observed; conversely, the amount of GM-CSF, IFN-γ, IL-2, IL-4, IL-10 and IL-18 showed a significant transient decrease with the LPS stimulation. Conditioned medium from unstimulated pVW-MSCs induced in vitro endothelial angiogenesis, which is more evident when the conditioned medium was from LPS stimulated pVW-MSCs. Conclusions The lines of evidence here presented shed a light on possible future application of secretome derived by pVW-MSCs on research studies in translational regenerative medicine.
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Affiliation(s)
- Chiara Bernardini
- Department of Veterinary Medical Sciences DIMEVET, University of Bologna, Via Tolara di Sopra 50, 40064 Ozzano Emilia, Bologna, Italy.
| | - Martina Bertocchi
- Department of Veterinary Medical Sciences DIMEVET, University of Bologna, Via Tolara di Sopra 50, 40064 Ozzano Emilia, Bologna, Italy
| | - Augusta Zannoni
- Department of Veterinary Medical Sciences DIMEVET, University of Bologna, Via Tolara di Sopra 50, 40064 Ozzano Emilia, Bologna, Italy
| | - Roberta Salaroli
- Department of Veterinary Medical Sciences DIMEVET, University of Bologna, Via Tolara di Sopra 50, 40064 Ozzano Emilia, Bologna, Italy
| | - Irvin Tubon
- Department of Veterinary Medical Sciences DIMEVET, University of Bologna, Via Tolara di Sopra 50, 40064 Ozzano Emilia, Bologna, Italy.,Escuela de Enfermeria, Facultad de Ciencias Medicas, Universidad Regional Autónoma de Los Andes UNIANDES, Ambato, EC180150, Ecuador
| | - Giovanni Dothel
- Department of Medical and Surgical Sciences - DIMEC, University of Bologna, Bologna, Italy
| | - Mercedes Fernandez
- Department of Veterinary Medical Sciences DIMEVET, University of Bologna, Via Tolara di Sopra 50, 40064 Ozzano Emilia, Bologna, Italy
| | - Maria Laura Bacci
- Department of Veterinary Medical Sciences DIMEVET, University of Bologna, Via Tolara di Sopra 50, 40064 Ozzano Emilia, Bologna, Italy
| | - Laura Calzà
- Department of Pharmacy and Biotechnology - FaBiT, University of Bologna, Bologna, Italy
| | - Monica Forni
- Department of Veterinary Medical Sciences DIMEVET, University of Bologna, Via Tolara di Sopra 50, 40064 Ozzano Emilia, Bologna, Italy
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199
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Abstract
PURPOSE OF REVIEW Tissue engineering and regenerative medicine has emerged as a new scientific interdisciplinary field focusing on developing new strategies to repair or recreate tissues and organs. This review gathers findings on erectile dysfunction and, Peyronie's disease from recent preclinical and clinical studies under heading of stem-cell regenerative medicine. RECENT FINDINGS Over the last 2 years, preclinical studies on rat models demonstrated the tangible beneficial role of stem cells and stromal vascular fraction in the context of preventing fibrosis and restoring erectile function in different animal models of Erectile dysfunction and Peyronie's disease. There are not solid evidences in the clinical settings. SUMMARY Large randomized, double blind clinical trials are needed to prove the efficacy of stem-cell therapy on human patients. Owing to the lack of solid evidences, the stem-cell therapy should be only administrated in a clinical research setting.
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Abstract
Mesenchymal stem cells (MSCs) are multipotent tissue stem cells that differentiate into a number of mesodermal tissue types, including osteoblasts, adipocytes, chondrocytes and myofibroblasts. MSCs were originally identified in the bone marrow (BM) of humans and other mammals, but recent studies have shown that they are multilineage progenitors in various adult organs and tissues. MSCs that localize at perivascular sites function to rapidly respond to external stimuli and coordinate with the vascular and immune systems to accomplish the wound healing process. Cancer, considered as wounds that never heal, is also accompanied by changes in MSCs that parallels the wound healing response. MSCs are now recognized as key players at distinct steps of tumorigenesis. In this review, we provide an overview of the function of MSCs in wound healing and cancer progression with the goal of providing insight into the development of novel MSC-manipulating strategies for clinical cancer treatment.
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