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Albuquerque LFF, Lins FV, Bispo ECI, Borges EN, Silva MT, Gratieri T, Cunha-Filho M, Alonso A, Carvalho JL, Saldanha-Araujo F, Gelfuso GM. Ibrutinib topical delivery for melanoma treatment: The effect of nanostructured lipid carriers' composition on the controlled drug skin deposition. Colloids Surf B Biointerfaces 2024; 237:113875. [PMID: 38547795 DOI: 10.1016/j.colsurfb.2024.113875] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/31/2024] [Revised: 03/20/2024] [Accepted: 03/22/2024] [Indexed: 04/08/2024]
Abstract
Melanoma is responsible for more than 80% of deaths related to skin diseases. Ibrutinib (IBR), a Bruton's tyrosine kinase inhibitor, has been proposed to treat this type of tumor. However, its low solubility, extensive first-pass effect, and severe adverse reactions with systemic administration affect therapeutic success. This study proposes developing and comparing the performance of two compositions of nanostructured lipid carriers (NLCs) to load IBR for the topical management of melanomas in their early stages. Initially, the effectiveness of IBR on melanoma proliferation was evaluated in vitro, and the results confirmed that the drug reduces the viability of human melanoma cells by inducing apoptosis at a dose that does not compromise dermal cells. Preformulation tests were then conducted to characterize the physical compatibility between the drug and the selected components used in NLCs preparation. Sequentially, two lipid compositions were used to develop the NLCs. Formulations were then characterized and subjected to in vitro release and permeation tests on porcine skin. The NLCs containing oleic acid effectively controlled IBR release over 24 h compared to the NLCs composed of pomegranate seed oil. Furthermore, the nanoparticles acted as permeation enhancers, increasing the fluidity of the lipids in the stratum corneum, as determined by EPR spectroscopy, which stimulated the IBR penetration more profoundly into the skin. However, the NLCs composition also influenced the permeation promotion factor. Thus, these findings emphasize the importance of the composition of NLCs in controlling and increasing the skin penetration of IBR and pave the way for future advances in melanoma therapy.
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Affiliation(s)
- Lucas F F Albuquerque
- Laboratory of Food, Drugs, and Cosmetics (LTMAC), School of Health Sciences, University of Brasilia, Brasília, DF 70910-900, Brazil
| | - Fernanda V Lins
- Laboratory of Hematology and Stem Cells (LHCT), School of Health Sciences, University of Brasilia, Brasília, DF 70910-900, Brazil; Children's Medical Center Research Institute, University of Texas Southwestern Medical Center, Dallas, TX, USA
| | - Elizabete C I Bispo
- Laboratory of Hematology and Stem Cells (LHCT), School of Health Sciences, University of Brasilia, Brasília, DF 70910-900, Brazil
| | - Ellyêssa N Borges
- Institute of Mathematics and Physics, Federal University of Goiás, Goiânia, GO 74690-900, Brazil
| | - Mateus T Silva
- Laboratory of Food, Drugs, and Cosmetics (LTMAC), School of Health Sciences, University of Brasilia, Brasília, DF 70910-900, Brazil
| | - Taís Gratieri
- Laboratory of Food, Drugs, and Cosmetics (LTMAC), School of Health Sciences, University of Brasilia, Brasília, DF 70910-900, Brazil
| | - Marcílio Cunha-Filho
- Laboratory of Food, Drugs, and Cosmetics (LTMAC), School of Health Sciences, University of Brasilia, Brasília, DF 70910-900, Brazil
| | - Antonio Alonso
- Institute of Mathematics and Physics, Federal University of Goiás, Goiânia, GO 74690-900, Brazil
| | - Juliana L Carvalho
- Multidisciplinary Laboratory of Biosciences, School of Medicine, University of Brasilia, Brasilia, DF 70910-900, Brazil
| | - Felipe Saldanha-Araujo
- Laboratory of Hematology and Stem Cells (LHCT), School of Health Sciences, University of Brasilia, Brasília, DF 70910-900, Brazil
| | - Guilherme M Gelfuso
- Laboratory of Food, Drugs, and Cosmetics (LTMAC), School of Health Sciences, University of Brasilia, Brasília, DF 70910-900, Brazil.
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Filiú-Braga LDDC, Silva-Carvalho AÉ, Sousa MRR, Carvalho JL, Saldanha-Araujo F. Molecular and functional anticancer effects of GLP/G9a inhibition by UNC0646 in MeWo melanoma cells. Heliyon 2024; 10:e27085. [PMID: 38434406 PMCID: PMC10907798 DOI: 10.1016/j.heliyon.2024.e27085] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/29/2023] [Revised: 02/04/2024] [Accepted: 02/23/2024] [Indexed: 03/05/2024] Open
Abstract
In recent years, histone methyltransferases (HMTs) have emerged as important therapeutic targets in cancer due to their oncogenic role. Herein, we used the GLP/G9a inhibitor UNC0646 to assess whether the inhibition of such HMTs could induce cell death in MeWo melanoma cells. Furthermore, we investigated the cellular and molecular mechanisms involved in the observed cell death events. Finally, we performed a functional genomics analysis of 480 melanoma samples to characterize G9a/GLP involvement in melanoma. Interestingly, after UNC0646 treatment, MeWo cells underwent apoptosis, followed by loss of mitochondrial membrane potential and the generation of reactive oxygen species (ROS). Furthermore, MeWo cells treated with UNC0646 showed cell cycle arrest and inhibition of proliferation. At the molecular level, UNC0646 treatment increased the transcriptional levels of CDK1 and BAX, and decreased BCL-2 mRNA levels. Finally, we performed a functional enrichment analysis, which demonstrated that dozens of biological pathways were enriched in melanoma samples according to GLP and G9a expression, including apoptosis and necrosis. Taken together, our data show that inhibition of GLP/G9a using UNC0646 exerts anticancer effects on melanoma cells by controlling their proliferation and inducing apoptosis.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Amanda Évelin Silva-Carvalho
- Laboratório de Hematologia e Células-Tronco, Faculdade de Ciências da Saúde, Universidade de Brasília, Brasília-DF, Brazil
| | - Marielly Reis Resende Sousa
- Laboratório de Hematologia e Células-Tronco, Faculdade de Ciências da Saúde, Universidade de Brasília, Brasília-DF, Brazil
| | - Juliana Lott Carvalho
- Laboratório Interdisciplinar de Biociências, Faculdade de Medicina, Universidade de Brasília, Brasília-DF, Brazil
| | - Felipe Saldanha-Araujo
- Laboratório de Hematologia e Células-Tronco, Faculdade de Ciências da Saúde, Universidade de Brasília, Brasília-DF, Brazil
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Cardoso SL, Souza PM, Rodrigues K, Mota IDS, Filho EF, Fávaro LCDL, Saldanha-Araujo F, Homem-de-Mello M, Pessoa A, Silveira D, Fonseca-Bazzo YM, Magalhães PO. l-Asparaginase Type II from Fusarium proliferatum: Heterologous Expression and In Silico Analysis. Pharmaceutics 2023; 15:2352. [PMID: 37765320 PMCID: PMC10534586 DOI: 10.3390/pharmaceutics15092352] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/29/2023] [Revised: 09/06/2023] [Accepted: 09/11/2023] [Indexed: 09/29/2023] Open
Abstract
The search for new drug-producing microorganisms is one of the most promising situations in current world scientific scenarios. The use of molecular biology as well as the cloning of protein and compound genes is already well established as the gold standard method of increasing productivity. Aiming at this increase in productivity, this work aims at the cloning, purification and in silico analysis of l-asparaginase from Fusarium proliferatum in Komagataella phaffii (Pichia pastoris) protein expression systems. The l-asparaginase gene (NCBI OQ439985) has been cloned into Pichia pastoris strains. Enzyme production was analyzed via the quantification of aspartic B-hydroxamate, followed by purification on a DEAE FF ion exchange column. The in silico analysis was proposed based on the combined use of various technological tools. The enzymatic activity found intracellularly was 2.84 IU/g. A purification factor of 1.18 was observed. The in silico analysis revealed the position of five important amino acid residues for enzymatic activity, and likewise, it was possible to predict a monomeric structure with a C-score of 1.59. The production of the enzyme l-asparaginase from F. proliferatum in P. pastoris was demonstrated in this work, being of great importance for the analysis of new methodologies in search of the production of important drugs in therapy.
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Affiliation(s)
- Samuel Leite Cardoso
- Health Science School, University of Brasilia, Brasilia 70910-900, Brazil; (S.L.C.); (P.M.S.); (I.d.S.M.); (F.S.-A.); (M.H.-d.-M.); (D.S.); (Y.M.F.-B.)
| | - Paula Monteiro Souza
- Health Science School, University of Brasilia, Brasilia 70910-900, Brazil; (S.L.C.); (P.M.S.); (I.d.S.M.); (F.S.-A.); (M.H.-d.-M.); (D.S.); (Y.M.F.-B.)
| | - Kelly Rodrigues
- Brazilian Agricultural Research Corporation—EMBRAPA Agroenergia, Brasilia 70770-901, Brazil; (K.R.); (L.C.d.L.F.)
| | - Isabella de Souza Mota
- Health Science School, University of Brasilia, Brasilia 70910-900, Brazil; (S.L.C.); (P.M.S.); (I.d.S.M.); (F.S.-A.); (M.H.-d.-M.); (D.S.); (Y.M.F.-B.)
| | | | - Léia Cecilia de Lima Fávaro
- Brazilian Agricultural Research Corporation—EMBRAPA Agroenergia, Brasilia 70770-901, Brazil; (K.R.); (L.C.d.L.F.)
| | - Felipe Saldanha-Araujo
- Health Science School, University of Brasilia, Brasilia 70910-900, Brazil; (S.L.C.); (P.M.S.); (I.d.S.M.); (F.S.-A.); (M.H.-d.-M.); (D.S.); (Y.M.F.-B.)
| | - Mauricio Homem-de-Mello
- Health Science School, University of Brasilia, Brasilia 70910-900, Brazil; (S.L.C.); (P.M.S.); (I.d.S.M.); (F.S.-A.); (M.H.-d.-M.); (D.S.); (Y.M.F.-B.)
| | - Adalberto Pessoa
- Department of Biochemical and Pharmaceutical Technology, University of São Paulo, São Paulo 05508-000, Brazil;
| | - Dâmaris Silveira
- Health Science School, University of Brasilia, Brasilia 70910-900, Brazil; (S.L.C.); (P.M.S.); (I.d.S.M.); (F.S.-A.); (M.H.-d.-M.); (D.S.); (Y.M.F.-B.)
| | - Yris Maria Fonseca-Bazzo
- Health Science School, University of Brasilia, Brasilia 70910-900, Brazil; (S.L.C.); (P.M.S.); (I.d.S.M.); (F.S.-A.); (M.H.-d.-M.); (D.S.); (Y.M.F.-B.)
| | - Pérola Oliveira Magalhães
- Health Science School, University of Brasilia, Brasilia 70910-900, Brazil; (S.L.C.); (P.M.S.); (I.d.S.M.); (F.S.-A.); (M.H.-d.-M.); (D.S.); (Y.M.F.-B.)
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Silva-Carvalho AÉ, Oliveira NND, Machado JVL, Moreira DC, Brand GD, Leite JRSA, Plácido A, Eaton P, Saldanha-Araujo F. The Peptide Salamandrin-I Modulates Components Involved in Pyroptosis and Induces Cell Death in Human Leukemia Cell Line HL-60. Pharmaceutics 2023; 15:1864. [PMID: 37514049 PMCID: PMC10384876 DOI: 10.3390/pharmaceutics15071864] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/21/2023] [Revised: 06/26/2023] [Accepted: 06/29/2023] [Indexed: 07/30/2023] Open
Abstract
Amphibian secretions have been extensively investigated for the production of bioactive molecules. Salamandrin-I is an antioxidant peptide, isolated from the skin secretion of the fire salamander, that has induced no toxicity in microglia or erythrocytes. Importantly, the administration of antioxidants may constitute an adequate therapeutic approach to cancer treatment. Here, with the purpose of better characterizing the therapeutic potential of salamandrin-I, we investigated whether this antioxidant peptide also exerts anticancer activity, using the human leukemia cell line HL-60 as a cancer model. Salamandrin-I treatment induced a significant reduction in HL-60 proliferation, which was accompanied by cell cycle arrest. Furthermore, the peptide-induced cell death showed a significant increase in the LDH release in HL-60 cells. The cellular toxicity exerted by salamandrin-I is possibly related to pyroptosis, since the HL-60 cells showed loss of mitochondrial membrane potential and hyperexpression of inflammasome components following the peptide treatment. This is the first demonstration of the anticancer potential of the salamandrin-I peptide. Such results are important, as they offer relevant insights into the field of cancer therapy and allow the design of future bioactive molecules using salamandrin-I as a template.
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Affiliation(s)
- Amandda Évelin Silva-Carvalho
- Laboratory of Hematology and Stem Cells (LHCT), Faculty of Health Sciences, University of Brasilia, Campus Darcy Ribeiro SN, Brasilia 70910-900, Brazil
| | - Nakaly Natiely de Oliveira
- Laboratory of Hematology and Stem Cells (LHCT), Faculty of Health Sciences, University of Brasilia, Campus Darcy Ribeiro SN, Brasilia 70910-900, Brazil
| | - Julia Viana Lafetá Machado
- Laboratory of Hematology and Stem Cells (LHCT), Faculty of Health Sciences, University of Brasilia, Campus Darcy Ribeiro SN, Brasilia 70910-900, Brazil
| | - Daniel Carneiro Moreira
- Research Center in Morphology and Applied Immunology, NuPMIA, Faculty of Medicine, University of Brasilia, Campus Darcy Ribeiro SN, Brasilia 70910-900, Brazil
| | - Guilherme Dotto Brand
- Institute of Chemistry, University of Brasilia, Campus Darcy Ribeiro SN, Brasilia 70910-900, Brazil
| | - José Roberto S A Leite
- Research Center in Morphology and Applied Immunology, NuPMIA, Faculty of Medicine, University of Brasilia, Campus Darcy Ribeiro SN, Brasilia 70910-900, Brazil
| | - Alexandra Plácido
- LAQV/REQUIMTE, Department of Chemistry and Biochemistry, Faculty of Sciences, University of Porto, 4169-007 Porto, Portugal
| | - Peter Eaton
- The Bridge, School of Chemistry, University of Lincoln, Lincoln LN6 7TS, UK
| | - Felipe Saldanha-Araujo
- Laboratory of Hematology and Stem Cells (LHCT), Faculty of Health Sciences, University of Brasilia, Campus Darcy Ribeiro SN, Brasilia 70910-900, Brazil
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Lima AS, Bezerra MF, Moreira-Aguiar A, Weinhäuser I, Santos BL, Falcão RM, Salustiano-Bandeira ML, Franca-Neto PL, Lima MM, Saldanha-Araujo F, Coelho-Silva JL, Pereira-Martins DA, Bezerra MA, Lucena-Araujo AR. Prognostic implications of the ID1 expression in acute myeloid leukemia patients treated in a resource-constrained setting. Hematol Transfus Cell Ther 2023:S2531-1379(23)00098-6. [PMID: 37393163 DOI: 10.1016/j.htct.2023.04.005] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/29/2022] [Revised: 11/03/2022] [Accepted: 04/17/2023] [Indexed: 07/03/2023] Open
Abstract
INTRODUCTION The aberrant expression of the inhibitor of DNA binding (ID1) gene has been frequently associated with the leukemogenesis and prognostication acute myeloid leukemia (AML), although its clinical importance has never been investigated in patients treated outside well-controlled clinical trials. METHODS Using quantitative real-time polymerase chain reaction, we investigated the role of the ID1 expression in the clinical outcomes of non-selected patients with acute myeloid leukemia treated in a real-life setting. RESULTS Overall, 128 patients were enrolled. Patients with high ID1 expression had a lower 3-year overall survival (OS) rate of 9%, with the 95% confidence interval (95%CI) at 3 to 20%, compared to patients with a low ID1 expression (22%, 95%CI: 11 - 34%) (p = 0.037), although these findings did not retain significance after adjustment (hazard ratio (HR): 1.5, 95%CI: 0.98 - 2.28; p = 0.057). The ID1 expression had no impact on post-induction outcomes (disease-free survival, p = 0.648; cumulative incidence of relapse, p = 0.584). CONCLUSIONS Although we are aware thar our data are confronted with many variables that cannot be fully controlled, including drug unavailability, risk-adapted treatment, comorbidities and the time from diagnosis to treatment initiation, we are firm believers that such an initiative can provide more realistic data on understudied populations, in particular those from low- and middle-income countries.
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Affiliation(s)
- Aleide S Lima
- Universidade Federal de Pernambuco (UFPE), Recife, PE, Brazil
| | | | | | - Isabel Weinhäuser
- Cancer Research Centre Groningen, University Medical Center Groningen, University of Groningen, Groningen, the Netherlands
| | - Bianca L Santos
- Universidade Federal de Pernambuco (UFPE), Recife, PE, Brazil
| | - Raul M Falcão
- Bioinformatics Multidisciplinary Environment (BioME), Metrópole Digital Institute, Universidade Federal do Rio Grande do Norte (UFRN), Natal, RN, Brazil
| | | | | | - Marinus M Lima
- Universidade Federal de Pernambuco (UFPE), Recife, PE, Brazil
| | - Felipe Saldanha-Araujo
- Laboratório de Hematologia e Células-Tronco, Universidade de Brasília (UnB) Brasília, DF, Brazil
| | - Juan L Coelho-Silva
- Hematology Branch, National Heart, Lung, and Blood Institute, National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, MD, USA
| | - Diego A Pereira-Martins
- Cancer Research Centre Groningen, University Medical Center Groningen, University of Groningen, Groningen, the Netherlands
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Alencar-Silva T, Díaz-Martín RD, Zonari A, Foyt D, Guiang M, Pogue R, Saldanha-Araujo F, Dias SC, Franco OL, Carvalho JL. The Combination of Synoeca-MP Antimicrobial Peptide with IDR-1018 Stimulates Proliferation, Migration, and the Expression of Pro-Regenerative Genes in Both Human Skin Cell Cultures and 3D Skin Equivalents. Biomolecules 2023; 13:biom13050804. [PMID: 37238674 DOI: 10.3390/biom13050804] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/03/2023] [Revised: 03/14/2023] [Accepted: 03/16/2023] [Indexed: 05/28/2023] Open
Abstract
In skin lesions, the development of microbial infection affects the healing process, increasing morbidity and mortality rates in patients with severe burns, diabetic foot, and other types of skin injuries. Synoeca-MP is an antimicrobial peptide (AMP) that exhibits activity against several bacteria of clinical importance, but its cytotoxicity can represent a problem for its positioning as an effective antimicrobial compound. In contrast, the immunomodulatory peptide IDR-1018 presents low toxicity and a wide regenerative potential due to its ability to reduce apoptotic mRNA expression and promote skin cell proliferation. In the present study, we used human skin cells and a 3D skin equivalent models to analyze the potential of the IDR-1018 peptide to attenuate the cytotoxicity of synoeca-MP, as well as the influence of synoeca-MP/IDR-1018 combination on cell proliferation, regenerative processes, and wound repair. We found that the addition of IDR-1018 significantly improved the biological properties of synoeca-MP on skin cells without modifying its antibacterial activity against S. aureus. Likewise, in both melanocytes and keratinocytes, the treatment with synoeca-MP/IDR-1018 combination induces cell proliferation and migration, while in a 3D human skin equivalent model, it can accelerate wound reepithelization. Furthermore, treatment with this peptide combination generates an up-regulation in the expression of pro-regenerative genes in both monolayer cell cultures and in 3D skin equivalents. This data suggests that the synoeca-MP/IDR-1018 combination possesses a good profile of antimicrobial and pro-regenerative activity, opening the door to the development of new strategies for the treatment of skin lesions.
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Affiliation(s)
- Thuany Alencar-Silva
- Programa de Pós-Graduação em Ciências Genômicas e Biotecnologia, Universidade Católica de Brasília, Brasília 71966-900, DF, Brazil
| | - Rubén D Díaz-Martín
- Programa de Pós-Graduação em Ciências Genômicas e Biotecnologia, Universidade Católica de Brasília, Brasília 71966-900, DF, Brazil
| | | | | | | | - Robert Pogue
- Programa de Pós-Graduação em Ciências Genômicas e Biotecnologia, Universidade Católica de Brasília, Brasília 71966-900, DF, Brazil
| | - Felipe Saldanha-Araujo
- Laboratório de Hematologia e Células-Tronco, Departamento e Farmácia, Universidade de Brasília, Brasília 70910-900, DF, Brazil
- Programa de Pós-Graduação em Patologia Molecular, Universidade de Brasília, Brasília 70910-900, DF, Brazil
| | - Simoni Campos Dias
- Programa de Pós-Graduação em Ciências Genômicas e Biotecnologia, Universidade Católica de Brasília, Brasília 71966-900, DF, Brazil
- Programa de Pós-Graduação em Biologia Animal, Universidade de Brasília, Brasília 70910-900, DF, Brazil
| | - Octavio Luiz Franco
- Programa de Pós-Graduação em Ciências Genômicas e Biotecnologia, Universidade Católica de Brasília, Brasília 71966-900, DF, Brazil
- Programa de Pós-Graduação em Patologia Molecular, Universidade de Brasília, Brasília 70910-900, DF, Brazil
- S-Inova Biotech, Pós-Graduação em Biotecnologia, Universidade Católica Dom Bosco, Campo Grande 79117-900, MS, Brazil
- Centro de Análises Proteômicas e Bioquímicas, Programa de Pós-Graduação em Ciências Genômicas e Biotecnologia, Universidade Católica de Brasília, Brasília 71966-900, DF, Brazil
| | - Juliana Lott Carvalho
- Programa de Pós-Graduação em Ciências Genômicas e Biotecnologia, Universidade Católica de Brasília, Brasília 71966-900, DF, Brazil
- Laboratório Interdisciplinar de Biociências, Faculdade de Medicina, Campus Darcy Ribeiro, Universidade de Brasília, Brasília 70910-900, DF, Brazil
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Bispo ECI, Silva-Carvalho AÉ, Sousa MRR, Neves FDAR, Carvalho JL, Arganaraz ER, Saldanha-Araujo F. Differential peripheral blood mononuclear cell reactivity against SARS-CoV-2 proteins in naïve and previously infected subjects following COVID-19 vaccination. Clin Immunol Commun 2022; 2:172-176. [PMID: 38013967 PMCID: PMC9714124 DOI: 10.1016/j.clicom.2022.11.004] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/04/2022] [Revised: 11/29/2022] [Accepted: 11/30/2022] [Indexed: 12/03/2022]
Abstract
The decline in vaccine efficacy and the risk of reinfection by SARS-CoV-2 make new studies important to better characterize the immune response against the virus and its components. Here, we investigated the pattern of activation of T-cells and the expression of inflammatory factors by PBMCs obtained from naïve and previously infected subjects following COVID-19 vaccination, after PBMCs stimulation with S1, RBD, and N-RBD SARS-CoV-2 proteins. PBMCs showed low levels of ACE2 and TMPRSS2 transcripts, which were not modulated by the exposure of these cells to SARS-CoV-2 proteins. Compared to S1 and RBD, N-RBD stimulation showed a greater ability to stimulate T-cell reactivity, according to CD25 and CD69 markers. Interestingly, T-cell reactivity was more pronounced in vaccinated subjects with prior SARS-CoV-2 infection than in vaccinated donors who never had been diagnosed with COVID-19. Finally, N-RBD stimulation promoted greater expression of IL-6 and IFN-γ in PBMCs, which reinforces the greater immunogenic potential of this protein in the vaccinated subjects. These data suggest that PBMCs from previously infected and vaccinated subjects are more reactive than those derived from just vaccinated donors. Moreover, the N-RBD together viral proteins showed a greater stimulatory capacity than S1 and RBD viral proteins.
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Affiliation(s)
- Elizabete Cristina Iseke Bispo
- Laboratório de Hematologia e Células-Tronco, Faculdade de Ciências da Saúde, Universidade de Brasília, Campus Darcy Ribeiro, Av. L2 Norte, Brasília, DF 70.910-900, Brasil
| | - Amandda Évelin Silva-Carvalho
- Laboratório de Hematologia e Células-Tronco, Faculdade de Ciências da Saúde, Universidade de Brasília, Campus Darcy Ribeiro, Av. L2 Norte, Brasília, DF 70.910-900, Brasil
| | - Marielly Reis Resende Sousa
- Laboratório de Hematologia e Células-Tronco, Faculdade de Ciências da Saúde, Universidade de Brasília, Campus Darcy Ribeiro, Av. L2 Norte, Brasília, DF 70.910-900, Brasil
| | - Francisco de Assis Rocha Neves
- Laboratório de Farmacologia Molecular, Faculdade de Ciências da Saúde, Universidade de Brasília, Av. L2 Norte, Brasília, DF 70.910-900, Brasil
| | - Juliana Lott Carvalho
- Laboratório Interdisciplinar de Biociências, Faculdade de Medicina, Universidade de Brasília, Av. L2 Norte, Brasília, DF 70.910-900, Brasil
| | - Enrique Roberto Arganaraz
- Laboratório de Virologia Molecular, Faculdade de Ciências da Saúde, Universidade de Brasília, Av. L2 Norte, Brasília, DF 70.910-900, Brasil
| | - Felipe Saldanha-Araujo
- Laboratório de Hematologia e Células-Tronco, Faculdade de Ciências da Saúde, Universidade de Brasília, Campus Darcy Ribeiro, Av. L2 Norte, Brasília, DF 70.910-900, Brasil
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8
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Costa DFD, Filiú-Braga LDDC, Silva-Carvalho AÉ, Schiavinato JL, Vasconcelos MCCD, Figueiredo-Pontes LLD, Lucena-Araujo AR, Saldanha-Araujo F. Transcriptional deregulation of LSD1 and LSD2 is associated with cytogenetic risk in chronic lymphocytic leukemia. Leuk Lymphoma 2022; 63:3227-3231. [PMID: 36016463 DOI: 10.1080/10428194.2022.2116935] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/12/2023]
Affiliation(s)
- Daniel Freitas da Costa
- Laboratório de Hematologia e Células-Tronco, Universidade de Brasília, Brasilia, Brasil.,Laboratório de Farmacologia Molecular, Universidade de Brasília, Brasilia, Brasil
| | | | | | | | | | | | | | - Felipe Saldanha-Araujo
- Laboratório de Hematologia e Células-Tronco, Universidade de Brasília, Brasilia, Brasil.,Laboratório de Farmacologia Molecular, Universidade de Brasília, Brasilia, Brasil
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Silva-Carvalho AÉ, da Silva IGM, Corrêa JR, Saldanha-Araujo F. Regulatory T-Cell Enhancement, Expression of Adhesion Molecules, and Production of Anti-Inflammatory Factors Are Differentially Modulated by Spheroid-Cultured Mesenchymal Stem Cells. Int J Mol Sci 2022; 23:ijms232214349. [PMID: 36430835 PMCID: PMC9695986 DOI: 10.3390/ijms232214349] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/10/2022] [Revised: 11/14/2022] [Accepted: 11/15/2022] [Indexed: 11/22/2022] Open
Abstract
The culture of mesenchymal stem cells (MSCs) as spheroids promotes a more physiological cellular behavior, as it more accurately reflects the biological microenvironment. Nevertheless, mixed results have been found regarding the immunosuppressive properties of spheroid-cultured MSCs (3D-MSCs), the mechanisms of immunoregulation of 3D-MSCs being scarcely described at this point. In the present study, we constructed spheroids from MSCs and compared their immunosuppressive potential with that of MSCs cultured in monolayer (2D-MSCs). First, we evaluated the ability of 2D-MSCs and 3D-MSCs to control the activation and proliferation of T-cells. Next, we evaluated the percentage of regulatory T-cells (Tregs) after the co-culturing of peripheral blood mononuclear cells (PBMCs) with 2D-MSCs and 3D-MSCs. Finally, we investigated the expression of adhesion molecules, as well as the expressions of several anti-inflammatory transcripts in 2D-MSCs and 3D-MSCs maintained in both inflammatory and non-inflammatory conditions. Interestingly, our data show that several anti-inflammatory genes are up-regulated in 3D-MSCs, and that these cells can control T-cell proliferation. Nevertheless, 2D-MSCs are more efficient in suppressing the immune cell proliferation. Importantly, contrary to what was observed in 3D-MSCs, the expressions of ICAM-1 and VCAM-1 are significantly upregulated in 2D-MSCs exposed to an inflammatory environment. Furthermore, only 2D-MSCs are able to promote the enhancement of Tregs. Taken together, our data clearly show that the immunosuppressive potential of MSCs is significantly impacted by their shape, and highlights the important role of cell-cell adhesion molecules for optimal MSC immunomodulatory function.
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Affiliation(s)
- Amandda Évelin Silva-Carvalho
- Hematology and Stem Cells Laboratory, University of Brasília, Brasilia 70910-900, Brazil
- Molecular Pharmacology Laboratory, University of Brasília, Brasilia 70910-900, Brazil
| | | | - José Raimundo Corrêa
- Microscopy and Microanalysis Laboratory, University of Brasília, Brasilia 70910-900, Brazil
| | - Felipe Saldanha-Araujo
- Hematology and Stem Cells Laboratory, University of Brasília, Brasilia 70910-900, Brazil
- Correspondence: ; Tel./Fax: +55-61-3107-2008
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da Silva JCL, Saldanha-Araujo F, de Melo RCB, Vicari HP, Silva-Carvalho AE, Rego EM, Buccheri V, Machado-Neto JA. Ezrin is highly expressed and a druggable target in chronic lymphocytic leukemia. Life Sci 2022; 311:121146. [DOI: 10.1016/j.lfs.2022.121146] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/28/2022] [Revised: 10/17/2022] [Accepted: 10/29/2022] [Indexed: 11/06/2022]
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11
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Garcez E, Moraes A, Silva-Carvalho A, Alencar-Silva T, Bex L, Saldanha-Araujo F, Hecht M, Carvalho J. EFFECT OF PARASITISM BY TRYPANOSOMA CRUZI ON THE PARACRINE IMMUNOMODULATORY POTENTIAL OF STEM CELLS. Cytotherapy 2022. [DOI: 10.1016/s1465-3249(22)00854-4] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/03/2022]
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12
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Bogéa GMR, Silva-Carvalho AÉ, Filiú-Braga LDDC, Neves FDAR, Saldanha-Araujo F. The Inflammatory Status of Soluble Microenvironment Influences the Capacity of Melanoma Cells to Control T-Cell Responses. Front Oncol 2022; 12:858425. [PMID: 35419291 PMCID: PMC8996246 DOI: 10.3389/fonc.2022.858425] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/19/2022] [Accepted: 02/28/2022] [Indexed: 11/20/2022] Open
Abstract
The development of immunotherapeutic approaches for the treatment of melanoma requires a better understanding of immunoescape mechanisms of tumor cells and how they interact with other tumor-resident cell types. Here, we evaluated how the conditioned media of resting (rCM) and immune-activated PBMCs (iCM) influence the ability of a metastatic melanoma cell line (MeWo) to control T-cells function. MeWo cells were expanded in RPMI, rCM, or iCM and the secretome generated after cell expansion was identified as MeSec (RPMI), niSec (non-inflammatory), or iSec (inflammatory secretome), respectively. Then, the immunomodulatory potential of such secretomes was tested in PHA-activated PBMCs. iCM induced higher levels of IFN-γ and IL-10 in treated melanoma cells compared to rCM, as well as higher IDO and PD-L1 expression. The iSec was able to inhibit T-cell activation and proliferation. Interestingly, PBMCs treated with iSec presented a reduced expression of the regulators of Th1 and Th2 responses T-BET and GATA-3, as well as low expression of IFN-γ, and co-stimulatory molecules TIM-3 and LAG-3. Importantly, our findings show that melanoma may benefit from an inflammatory microenvironment to enhance its ability to control the T-cell response. Interestingly, such an immunomodulatory effect involves the inhibition of the checkpoint molecules LAG-3 and TIM-3, which are currently investigated as important therapeutic targets for melanoma treatment. Further studies are needed to better understand how checkpoint molecules are modulated by paracrine and cell contact-dependent interaction between melanoma and immune cells. Such advances are fundamental for the development of new therapeutic approaches focused on melanoma immunotherapy.
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Affiliation(s)
- Gabriela Muller Reche Bogéa
- Laboratório de Farmacologia Molecular, Faculdade de Ciências da Saúde, Universidade de Brasília, Brasília, Brazil
- Laboratório de Hematologia e Células-Tronco, Faculdade de Ciências da Saúde, Universidade de Brasília, Brasília, Brazil
| | - Amandda Évelin Silva-Carvalho
- Laboratório de Farmacologia Molecular, Faculdade de Ciências da Saúde, Universidade de Brasília, Brasília, Brazil
- Laboratório de Hematologia e Células-Tronco, Faculdade de Ciências da Saúde, Universidade de Brasília, Brasília, Brazil
| | - Luma Dayane de Carvalho Filiú-Braga
- Laboratório de Farmacologia Molecular, Faculdade de Ciências da Saúde, Universidade de Brasília, Brasília, Brazil
- Laboratório de Hematologia e Células-Tronco, Faculdade de Ciências da Saúde, Universidade de Brasília, Brasília, Brazil
| | | | - Felipe Saldanha-Araujo
- Laboratório de Hematologia e Células-Tronco, Faculdade de Ciências da Saúde, Universidade de Brasília, Brasília, Brazil
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Silva-Carvalho AÉ, Cardoso MH, Alencar-Silva T, Bogéa GMR, Carvalho JL, Franco OL, Saldanha-Araujo F. Dissecting the relationship between antimicrobial peptides and mesenchymal stem cells. Pharmacol Ther 2021; 233:108021. [PMID: 34637839 DOI: 10.1016/j.pharmthera.2021.108021] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/22/2021] [Revised: 10/02/2021] [Accepted: 10/06/2021] [Indexed: 02/06/2023]
Abstract
Among the various biological properties presented by Mesenchymal Stem Cells (MSCs), their ability to control the immune response and fight pathogen infection through the production of antimicrobial peptides (AMPs) have been the subject of intense research in recent years. AMPs secreted by MSCs exhibit activity against a wide range of microorganisms, including bacteria, fungi, yeasts, and viruses. The main AMPs produced by these cells are hepcidin, cathelicidin LL-37, and β-defensin-2. In addition to acting against pathogens, those AMPs have also been shown to interact with MSCs to modulate MSC proliferation, migration, and regeneration, indicating that such peptides exert a more diverse biological effect than initially thought. In the present review, we discuss the production of AMPs by MSCs, revise the multiple functions of these peptides, including their influence over MSCs, and present an overview of clinical situations in which the antimicrobial properties of MSCs may be explored for therapy. Finally, we discuss possibilities of combining MSCs and AMPs to generate improved therapeutic strategies.
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Affiliation(s)
- Amandda Évelin Silva-Carvalho
- Laboratório de Hematologia e Células-Tronco, Departamento de Ciências da Saúde, Universidade de Brasília, Brasília, DF, Brazil
| | - Marlon Henrique Cardoso
- S-Inova Biotech, Universidade Católica Dom Bosco, Programa de Pós-Graduação em Biotecnologia, Campo Grande, MS, Brazil
| | - Thuany Alencar-Silva
- Programa de Pós-graduação em Ciências Genômicas e Biotecnologia, Universidade Católica de Brasília, Brasília, DF, Brazil
| | - Gabriela Muller Reche Bogéa
- Laboratório de Hematologia e Células-Tronco, Departamento de Ciências da Saúde, Universidade de Brasília, Brasília, DF, Brazil
| | - Juliana Lott Carvalho
- Programa de Pós-graduação em Ciências Genômicas e Biotecnologia, Universidade Católica de Brasília, Brasília, DF, Brazil; Faculty of Medicine, University of Brasilia, Brasilia, DF, Brazil
| | - Octávio Luiz Franco
- S-Inova Biotech, Universidade Católica Dom Bosco, Programa de Pós-Graduação em Biotecnologia, Campo Grande, MS, Brazil; Centro de Análises Proteômicas e Bioquímicas, Programa de Pós-Graduação em Ciências Genômicas e Biotecnologia, Universidade Católica de Brasília, Brasília, DF, Brazil
| | - Felipe Saldanha-Araujo
- Laboratório de Hematologia e Células-Tronco, Departamento de Ciências da Saúde, Universidade de Brasília, Brasília, DF, Brazil.
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Bogéa GMR, Silva-Carvalho AE, Braga LDCF, Neves FAR, Carvalho JL, Saldanha-Araujo F. EFFECTS OF THE MELANOMA-DERIVED SECRETOME OVER T-CELL FUNCTIONS. Hematol Transfus Cell Ther 2021. [DOI: 10.1016/j.htct.2021.10.076] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/20/2022] Open
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15
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Filiú-Braga LDC, Neves FAR, Saldanha-Araujo F. MODULAÇÃO EPIGENÉTICA DE EHMT1/EHMT2 EM LINHAGENS DE MELANOMA E CARCINOMA DE PULMÃO. Hematol Transfus Cell Ther 2021. [DOI: 10.1016/j.htct.2021.10.800] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/16/2022] Open
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Carvalho JL, Silva-Carvalho AE, Garcez EM, Saldanha-Araujo F. Commentary: Mesenchymal Stem Cells: A New Piece in the Puzzle of COVID-19 Treatment. Front Immunol 2021; 12:682195. [PMID: 33995424 PMCID: PMC8117210 DOI: 10.3389/fimmu.2021.682195] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/17/2021] [Accepted: 04/15/2021] [Indexed: 12/14/2022] Open
Affiliation(s)
- Juliana Lott Carvalho
- Multidisciplinary Laboratory of Biosciences, Faculty of Medicine, University of Brasilia, Brasilia, Brazil
| | | | - Emãnuella Melgaço Garcez
- Multidisciplinary Laboratory of Biosciences, Faculty of Medicine, University of Brasilia, Brasilia, Brazil
| | - Felipe Saldanha-Araujo
- Hematology and Stem Cells Laboratory, Health Sciences Department, University of Brasília, Brasilia, Brazil
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17
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Silva-Carvalho AE, Silva IGM, Corrêa JR, Neves FAR, Saldanha-Araujo F. IBRUTINIB INDUCES ICAM-1 EXPRESSION ON MESENCHYMAL STEM CELLS AND ENHANCES THEIR POTENTIAL TO CONTROL T-CELL RESPONSE. Cytotherapy 2021. [DOI: 10.1016/j.jcyt.2021.02.056] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/21/2022]
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18
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Maciel NIG, Filiú-Braga LDC, Neves FAR, Rego EM, Lucena-Araujo AR, Saldanha-Araujo F. Low expression of ZHX1 and ZHX2 impacts on the prognosis of chronic lymphocytic leukemia. Biomark Res 2021; 9:10. [PMID: 33541423 PMCID: PMC7863484 DOI: 10.1186/s40364-021-00263-2] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/27/2020] [Accepted: 01/25/2021] [Indexed: 11/10/2022] Open
Abstract
Experimental evidence points to the role of Zinc fingers and homeoboxes protein 1 and 2 (ZHX1 and ZHX2) in the development and progression of several types of cancer, including hematological malignancies. Here, we determined whether the altered expression of ZHX1 and ZHX2 has clinical implications in patients with CLL. Interestingly, CLL patients with low expression ZHX1 and ZHX2 presented higher WBC counts. Importantly, our data showed that CLL patients with cytogenetic alterations presented reduced transcriptional levels of ZHX1 and ZHX2 in comparison with patients with normal karyotype. Moreover, when stratifying CLL patients according to the karyotype prognosis value, we observed that the expression of ZHX1 and ZHX2 was significantly reduced in CLL patients presenting adverse karyotypes. Finally, we stratified patients according to the number of chromosomal aberrations and observed a negative association between ZHX1 and ZHX2 expression and the accumulation of chromosomal abnormalities in CLL patients. Our data showed that the low expression of ZHX1 and ZHX2 is associated with a worse prognosis in CLL, followed by a greater number of leukemic cells and unfavorable cytogenetics findings in the diagnosis. Further studies will be important to confirm the prognostic value of ZHX1 and ZHX2 in independent CLL cohorts.
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Affiliation(s)
- Natália Ioseph Gladistone Maciel
- Laboratório de Hematologia e Células-Tronco, Universidade de Brasília, Av. L2 Norte, Brasília, DF, 70.910-900, Brazil.,Laboratório de Farmacologia Molecular, Universidade de Brasília, Av. L2 Norte, Brasília, DF, 70.910-900, Brazil
| | | | - Francisco Assis Rocha Neves
- Laboratório de Farmacologia Molecular, Universidade de Brasília, Av. L2 Norte, Brasília, DF, 70.910-900, Brazil
| | - Eduardo Magalhaes Rego
- Laboratório de Hematologia, Universidade de São Paulo, Av. Bandeirantes 3900, Ribeirão Preto, SP, 14.048-900, Brazil
| | - Antonio Roberto Lucena-Araujo
- Laboratório de Hematologia, Universidade Federal de Pernambuco, Av. Prof. Moraes Rego, Recife, PE, 50670-901, Brazil
| | - Felipe Saldanha-Araujo
- Laboratório de Hematologia e Células-Tronco, Universidade de Brasília, Av. L2 Norte, Brasília, DF, 70.910-900, Brazil.
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Silva-Carvalho AÉ, Alencar APD, Resende MR, da Costa DF, Nonino A, Neves FAR, Saldanha-Araujo F. Epigenetic priming by EHMT1/EHMT2 in acute lymphoblastic leukemia induces TP53 and TP73 overexpression and promotes cell death. Toxicol In Vitro 2020; 69:104992. [PMID: 32889036 DOI: 10.1016/j.tiv.2020.104992] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/03/2020] [Revised: 08/19/2020] [Accepted: 08/29/2020] [Indexed: 01/25/2023]
Abstract
Euchromatic histone-lysine N-methyltransferase 1 (EHMT1) and EHMT2 are upregulated in various human cancers, and their deregulation is associated with tumor development and progression. In this paper, we investigated the expression level of EHMT1/EHMT2 in acute lymphoblastic leukemia (ALL) and whether the modulation of these enzymes could have any cellular or molecular impact on ALL cells. For this, we used UNC0646 as a priming strategy to target EHMT1/EHMT2 and investigated its effect on proliferation and cell viability of Jurkat cells by MTT assay. Then, considering the IC50 and IC75, cellular death was determined by Annexin V/PI staining using flow cytometry. Finally, we investigated by RT-PCR the molecular bases that could be involved in the observed effects. Interestingly, accessing the International Microarray Innovations in Leukemia (MILE) study group, we detected that both EHMT1 and EHMT2 are overexpressed in ALL. More important, we determined that inhibition of EHMT1/EHMT2 significantly decreased Jurkat cell viability in a dose-dependent manner. Accordingly, we observed that inhibition of EHMT1/EHMT2 promoted Jurkat cell death, which was accompanied by increased expression of P53, TP73, BAX, and MDM4. These results clearly indicate that inhibition of EHMT1/EHMT2 induces pro-apoptotic gene expression in ALL and promotes cell death. More importantly, the modulation of these histone methyltransferases may be a promising epigenetic target for ALL treatment.
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Affiliation(s)
- Amandda Évelin Silva-Carvalho
- Laboratório de Farmacologia Molecular, Universidade de Brasília, Av. L2 Norte, Brasília, DF 70.910-900, Brazil; Laboratório de Hematologia e Células-tronco, Universidade de Brasília, Av. L2 Norte, Brasília, DF 70.910-900, Brazil
| | - Ana Paula Dorneles Alencar
- Laboratório de Farmacologia Molecular, Universidade de Brasília, Av. L2 Norte, Brasília, DF 70.910-900, Brazil; Laboratório de Hematologia e Células-tronco, Universidade de Brasília, Av. L2 Norte, Brasília, DF 70.910-900, Brazil
| | - Marielly Reis Resende
- Laboratório de Farmacologia Molecular, Universidade de Brasília, Av. L2 Norte, Brasília, DF 70.910-900, Brazil; Laboratório de Hematologia e Células-tronco, Universidade de Brasília, Av. L2 Norte, Brasília, DF 70.910-900, Brazil
| | - Daniel Freitas da Costa
- Laboratório de Hematologia e Células-tronco, Universidade de Brasília, Av. L2 Norte, Brasília, DF 70.910-900, Brazil
| | - Alexandre Nonino
- Hospital de Base do Distrito Federal, Setor Hospitalar Sul, Área Especial, Quadra 101, Brasília, DF 70.330-150, Brazil
| | - Francisco Assis Rocha Neves
- Laboratório de Farmacologia Molecular, Universidade de Brasília, Av. L2 Norte, Brasília, DF 70.910-900, Brazil
| | - Felipe Saldanha-Araujo
- Laboratório de Farmacologia Molecular, Universidade de Brasília, Av. L2 Norte, Brasília, DF 70.910-900, Brazil; Laboratório de Hematologia e Células-tronco, Universidade de Brasília, Av. L2 Norte, Brasília, DF 70.910-900, Brazil.
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Saldanha-Araujo F, Melgaço Garcez E, Silva-Carvalho AE, Carvalho JL. Mesenchymal Stem Cells: A New Piece in the Puzzle of COVID-19 Treatment. Front Immunol 2020; 11:1563. [PMID: 32719683 PMCID: PMC7347794 DOI: 10.3389/fimmu.2020.01563] [Citation(s) in RCA: 27] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/04/2020] [Accepted: 06/15/2020] [Indexed: 12/13/2022] Open
Abstract
COVID-19 is a disease characterized by a strong inflammatory response in severe cases, which fails to respond to corticosteroid therapy. In the context of the current COVID-19 outbreak and the critical information gaps regarding the disease, several different therapeutic strategies are under investigation, including the use of stem cells. In the present manuscript, we provide an analysis of the rationale underlying the application of stem cells to manage COVID-19, and also a comprehensive compendium of the 69 clinical trials underway worldwide aiming to investigate the application of stem cells to treat COVID-19. Even though data are still scarce, it is already possible to observe the protagonism of China in testing mesenchymal stem cells (MSCs) for COVID-19. Furthermore, it is possible to determine that current efforts focus on the use of multiple infusions of high numbers of stem cells and derived products, as well as to acknowledge the positive results obtained by independent groups who publicized the therapeutic benefits provided by such therapies in 51 COVID-19 patients. In such a rapid-paced field, up-to-date systematic studies and meta-analysis will aid the scientific community to separate hype from hope and offer an unbiased position to the society and governments.
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Affiliation(s)
- Felipe Saldanha-Araujo
- Hematology and Stem Cells Laboratory, Health Sciences Department, University of Brasília, Brasilia, Brazil
- Molecular Pharmacology Laboratory, Health Sciences Department, University of Brasília, Brasilia, Brazil
| | - Emãnuella Melgaço Garcez
- Multidisciplinary Laboratory of Biosciences, Faculty of Medicine, University of Brasilia, Brasilia, Brazil
| | | | - Juliana Lott Carvalho
- Multidisciplinary Laboratory of Biosciences, Faculty of Medicine, University of Brasilia, Brasilia, Brazil
- Genomic Sciences and Biotechnology Program, Catholic University of Brasília, Brasilia, Brazil
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Silva-Carvalho AÉ, Rodrigues LP, Schiavinato JL, Alborghetti MR, Bettarello G, Simões BP, Neves FDAR, Panepucci RA, de Carvalho JL, Saldanha-Araujo F. GVHD-derived plasma as a priming strategy of mesenchymal stem cells. Stem Cell Res Ther 2020; 11:156. [PMID: 32299501 PMCID: PMC7164240 DOI: 10.1186/s13287-020-01659-x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/17/2019] [Revised: 02/21/2020] [Accepted: 03/20/2020] [Indexed: 02/06/2023] Open
Abstract
Background Mesenchymal stem cell (MSC) therapy is an important alternative for GVHD treatment, but a third of patients fail to respond to such therapy. Therefore, strategies to enhance the immunosuppressive potential of MSCs constitute an active area of investigation. Here, we proposed an innovative priming strategy based on the plasma obtained from GVHD patients and tested whether this approach could enhance the immunosuppressive capacity of MSCs. Methods We obtained the plasma from healthy as well as acute (aGVHD) and chronic (cGVHD) GVHD donors. Plasma samples were characterized according to the TNF-α, IFN-γ, IL-10, IL-1β, IL-12p40, and IL-15 cytokine levels. The MSCs primed with such plasmas were investigated according to surface markers, morphology, proliferation, mRNA expression, and the capacity to control T cell proliferation and Treg generation. Results Interestingly, 57% of aGVHD and 33% of cGVHD plasmas significantly enhanced the immunosuppressive potential of MSCs. The most suppressive MSCs presented altered morphology, and those primed with cGHVD displayed a pronounced overexpression of ICAM-1 on their surface. Furthermore, we observed that the ratio of IFN-γ to IL-10 cytokine levels in the plasma used for MSC priming was significantly correlated with higher suppressive potential and Treg generation induction by primed MSCs, regardless of the clinical status of the donor. Conclusions This work constitutes an important proof of concept which demonstrates that it is possible to prime MSCs with biological material and also that the cytokine levels in the plasma may affect the MSC immunosuppressive potential, serving as the basis for the development of new therapeutic approaches for the treatment of immune diseases.
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Affiliation(s)
- Amandda Évelin Silva-Carvalho
- Laboratório de Farmacologia Molecular, Departamento de Ciências da Saúde, Universidade de Brasília, Brasilia, DF, Brazil.,Laboratório de Hematologia e Células-Tronco, Departamento de Ciências da Saúde, Universidade de Brasília, Brasilia, DF, Brazil
| | - Leane Perim Rodrigues
- Programa de Pós-graduação em Ciências Genômicas e Biotecnologia, Universidade Católica de Brasília, Brasilia, DF, Brazil
| | - Josiane Lilian Schiavinato
- Laboratório de Hematologia, Hospital das Clínicas da Faculdade de Medicina de Ribeirão Preto, Universidade de São Paulo, Ribeirao Preto, SP, Brazil
| | - Marcos Rodrigo Alborghetti
- Laboratório de Bioquímica e Química de Proteínas, Departamento de Biologia Celular, Universidade de Brasília, Brasilia, DF, Brazil
| | - Gustavo Bettarello
- Unidade de Transplante de Medula Óssea, Instituto de Cardiologia do Distrito Federal, Brasilia, DF, Brazil
| | - Belinda Pinto Simões
- Laboratório de Hematologia, Hospital das Clínicas da Faculdade de Medicina de Ribeirão Preto, Universidade de São Paulo, Ribeirao Preto, SP, Brazil
| | - Francisco de Assis Rocha Neves
- Laboratório de Farmacologia Molecular, Departamento de Ciências da Saúde, Universidade de Brasília, Brasilia, DF, Brazil
| | - Rodrigo Alexandre Panepucci
- Laboratório de Biologia Funcional (LFBio), Centro de Terapia Celular (CTC), Hemocentro de Ribeirão Preto, Rua Tenente Catão Roxo, Ribeirão Preto, SP, 2501, Brazil
| | - Juliana Lott de Carvalho
- Programa de Pós-graduação em Ciências Genômicas e Biotecnologia, Universidade Católica de Brasília, Brasilia, DF, Brazil.,Programa de Pós-graduação em Ciências Médicas, Faculdade de Medicina, Universidade de Brasília, Brasilia, DF, Brazil
| | - Felipe Saldanha-Araujo
- Laboratório de Farmacologia Molecular, Departamento de Ciências da Saúde, Universidade de Brasília, Brasilia, DF, Brazil. .,Laboratório de Hematologia e Células-Tronco, Departamento de Ciências da Saúde, Universidade de Brasília, Brasilia, DF, Brazil.
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22
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Silva-Carvalho AÉ, Neves FAR, Saldanha-Araujo F. The immunosuppressive mechanisms of mesenchymal stem cells are differentially regulated by platelet poor plasma and fetal bovine serum supplemented media. Int Immunopharmacol 2020; 79:106172. [PMID: 31926480 DOI: 10.1016/j.intimp.2019.106172] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/10/2019] [Revised: 12/03/2019] [Accepted: 12/27/2019] [Indexed: 12/15/2022]
Abstract
PURPOSE Mesenchymal Stem Cells (MSCs) can interact with and modulate the functions of all immune cells, suppressing both the innate and adaptive immune responses. Currently, most of the in vitro studies which have led to the description of MSC properties have resulted from MSC culture in the presence of fetal bovine serum (FBS), in spite of the recognition of FBS limitations and attempts to substitute this component from the MSC media. METHODS Herein, we compare FBS and Platelet Poor Plasma (PPP) as MSC media supplements, according to Adipose-derived MSC (AMSC) phenotype, proliferation and immunoregulatory mechanisms. RESULTS Interestingly, despite maintaining the classic phenotypic profile of MSCs, PPP cultured AMSCs showed impaired proliferative potential. Furthermore, our results clearly show that AMSC culture with PPP leads to decreased expression of soluble immunosuppressive factors, which resulted in decreased capacity of inducing regulatory T-cells (Tregs) generation by these cells. In contrast, PPP supplementation promoted enhanced VCAM-1 and ICAM-1 expression on AMSC surface. Therefore, AMSCs cultured with PPP showed limited potential to produce soluble immunomodulatory factors, indicating a reduced capacity to control the immune system thought paracrine activity. CONCLUSION Overall, our data sheds light on the importance of culture media supplementation for MSC immunomodulatory behavior, as well as serving as an alert regarding the complexity of replacing FBS in MSC culture.
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Affiliation(s)
- Amandda Évelin Silva-Carvalho
- Laboratório de Farmacologia Molecular, Departamento de Farmácia, Universidade de Brasília, Brasília, DF, Brazil; Laboratório de Hematologia, Departamento de Farmácia, Universidade de Brasília, Brasília, DF, Brazil
| | - Francisco Assis Rocha Neves
- Laboratório de Farmacologia Molecular, Departamento de Farmácia, Universidade de Brasília, Brasília, DF, Brazil
| | - Felipe Saldanha-Araujo
- Laboratório de Farmacologia Molecular, Departamento de Farmácia, Universidade de Brasília, Brasília, DF, Brazil; Laboratório de Hematologia, Departamento de Farmácia, Universidade de Brasília, Brasília, DF, Brazil.
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Alencar-Silva T, Zonari A, Foyt D, Gang M, Pogue R, Saldanha-Araujo F, Dias SC, Franco OL, Carvalho JL. IDR-1018 induces cell proliferation, migration, and reparative gene expression in 2D culture and 3D human skin equivalents. J Tissue Eng Regen Med 2019; 13:2018-2030. [PMID: 31408919 DOI: 10.1002/term.2953] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/08/2019] [Revised: 07/15/2019] [Accepted: 07/23/2019] [Indexed: 01/12/2023]
Abstract
Skin lesions are associated with functional/cosmetic problems for those afflicted. Scarless regeneration is a challenge, not limited to the skin, and focus of active investigation. Recently, the host defense peptide innate defense regulatory peptide 1018 (IDR-1018) has shown exciting regenerative properties. Nevertheless, literature regarding IDR-1018 regenerative potential is scarce and limited to animal models. Here, we evaluated the regenerative potential of IDR-1018 using human 2D and 3D human skin equivalents. First, we investigated IDR-1018 using human cells found in skin-primary fibroblasts, primary keratinocytes, and the MeWo melanocytes cell line. IDR-1018 promoted cell proliferation and expression of marker of proliferation Ki-67, matrix metalloproteinase 1, and hyaluronan synthase 2 by fibroblasts. In keratinocytes, a drastic increase in expression was observed for Ki-67, matrix metalloproteinase 1, C-X-C motif chemokine receptor type 4, C-X-C motif chemokine receptor type 7, fibroblast growth factor 2, hyaluronan synthase 2, vascular endothelial growth factor, and elastin, reflecting an intense stimulation of these cells. In melanocytes, increased migration and proliferation were observed following IDR-1018 treatment. The capacity of IDR-1018 to promote dermal contraction was verified using a dermal model. Finally, using a 3D human skin equivalent lesion model, we revealed that the regenerative potential of IDR1018, previously tested in mice and pigs, is valid for human skin tissue. Lesions closed faster in IDR-1018-treated samples, and the gene expression signature observed in 2D was reproduced in the 3D human skin equivalents. Overall, the present data show the regenerative potential of IDR-1018 in an experimental system comprising human cells, underscoring the potential application for clinical investigation.
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Affiliation(s)
- Thuany Alencar-Silva
- Programa de Pós-graduação em Ciências Genômicas e Biotecnologia, Universidade Católica de Brasília, Brazil
| | | | - Daniel Foyt
- OneSkin Technologies, San Francisco, CA, USA
| | | | - Robert Pogue
- Programa de Pós-graduação em Ciências Genômicas e Biotecnologia, Universidade Católica de Brasília, Brazil
| | - Felipe Saldanha-Araujo
- Laboratório de Hematologia, Departamento de Ciências da Saúde, Universidade de Brasília, Brasilia, Brazil.,Programa de Pós-graduação em Patologia Molecular, Universidade de Brasília, Brasília, Brazil
| | - Simoni Campos Dias
- Programa de Pós-graduação em Ciências Genômicas e Biotecnologia, Universidade Católica de Brasília, Brazil.,Pós-Graduação em Biologia Animal, Universidade de Brasília, Campus Darcy Ribeiro, Brasília, Brazil
| | - Octavio Luiz Franco
- Programa de Pós-graduação em Ciências Genômicas e Biotecnologia, Universidade Católica de Brasília, Brazil.,S-Inova Biotech, Pós-graduação em Biotecnologia, Universidade Católica Dom Bosco, Campo Grande, MS, Brazil.,Programa de Pós-graduação em Patologia Molecular, Universidade de Brasília, Brasília, Brazil.,Centro de Análises Proteômicas e Bioquímicas, Programa de Pós-Graduação em Ciências Genômicas e Biotecnologia, Universidade Católica de Brasília, Brasília, Brazil
| | - Juliana Lott Carvalho
- Programa de Pós-graduação em Ciências Genômicas e Biotecnologia, Universidade Católica de Brasília, Brazil.,OneSkin Technologies, San Francisco, CA, USA.,Faculdade de Medicina, Universidade de Brasília, Brasilia, Brazil
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Alencar-Silva T, Braga MC, Santana GOS, Saldanha-Araujo F, Pogue R, Dias SC, Franco OL, Carvalho JL. Breaking the frontiers of cosmetology with antimicrobial peptides. Biotechnol Adv 2018; 36:2019-2031. [PMID: 30118811 DOI: 10.1016/j.biotechadv.2018.08.005] [Citation(s) in RCA: 19] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/23/2018] [Revised: 07/26/2018] [Accepted: 08/12/2018] [Indexed: 01/06/2023]
Abstract
Antimicrobial peptides (AMPs) are mostly endogenous, cationic, amphipathic polypeptides, produced by many natural sources. Recently, many biological functions beyond antimicrobial activity have been attributed to AMPs, and some of these have attracted the attention of the cosmetics industry. AMPs have revealed antioxidant, self-renewal and pro-collagen effects, which are desirable in anti-aging cosmetics. Additionally, AMPs may also be customized to act on specific cellular targets. Here, we review the recent literature that highlights the many possibilities presented by AMPs, focusing on the relevance and impact that this potentially novel class of active cosmetic ingredients might have in the near future, creating new market outlooks for the cosmetic industry with these molecules as a viable alternative to conventional cosmetics.
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Affiliation(s)
- Thuany Alencar-Silva
- Programa de Pós-graduação em Ciências Genômicas e Biotecnologia, Universidade Católica de Brasília, Brasília, DF, Brazil
| | - Mariana Carolina Braga
- Programa de Pós-graduação em Ciências Genômicas e Biotecnologia, Universidade Católica de Brasília, Brasília, DF, Brazil
| | - Gustavo Oliveira Silva Santana
- Programa de Pós-graduação em Ciências Genômicas e Biotecnologia, Universidade Católica de Brasília, Brasília, DF, Brazil
| | - Felipe Saldanha-Araujo
- Laboratório de Farmacologia Molecular, Departamento de Ciências da Saúde, Universidade de Brasília, Brasilia, DF, Brazil; Programa de Pós-graduação em Patologia Molecular, Universidade de Brasília, Brasília, DF, Brazil
| | - Robert Pogue
- Programa de Pós-graduação em Ciências Genômicas e Biotecnologia, Universidade Católica de Brasília, Brasília, DF, Brazil
| | - Simoni Campos Dias
- Programa de Pós-graduação em Ciências Genômicas e Biotecnologia, Universidade Católica de Brasília, Brasília, DF, Brazil; Universidade de Brasília, Pós-Graduação em Biologia Animal, Campus Darcy Ribeiro, Brasília/DF, 70910-900, Brazil
| | - Octavio Luiz Franco
- Programa de Pós-graduação em Ciências Genômicas e Biotecnologia, Universidade Católica de Brasília, Brasília, DF, Brazil; S-Inova Biotech, Pós-graduação em Biotecnologia, Universidade Católica Dom Bosco, Campo Grande, MS, Brazil; Programa de Pós-graduação em Patologia Molecular, Universidade de Brasília, Brasília, DF, Brazil; Centro de Análises Proteômicas e Bioquímicas, Programa de Pós-Graduação em Ciências Genômicas e Biotecnologia, Universidade Católica de Brasília, Brasília-DF, Brazil
| | - Juliana Lott Carvalho
- Programa de Pós-graduação em Ciências Genômicas e Biotecnologia, Universidade Católica de Brasília, Brasília, DF, Brazil.
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Ramos DDAR, Ferreira VDDS, Berzoti-Coelho MG, Burin SM, Magro CL, Cacemiro MDC, Simões BP, Saldanha-Araujo F, Castro FA, Pittella-Silva F. Abstract 366: Association of MLL2/KMT2D and MLL3/KMT2C with chronic myeloid leukemia. Cancer Res 2018. [DOI: 10.1158/1538-7445.am2018-366] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/16/2022]
Abstract
Abstract
Chronic myeloid leukemia (CML) is a clonal myeloproliferative neoplasm linked to the Philadelphia chromosome presence that generates the BCR-ABL1 fusion oncogene. Tyrosine kinase inhibitors (TKI) such as imatinib mesylate (IM) dramatically improved the treatment efficiency and survival of CML patients by targeting BCR-ABL tyrosine kinase. Although patients in the chronic phase respond well to treatment, patients in the accelerated phase or blast crisis usually show therapy resistance and CML relapse. It is crucial, therefore, to identify biomarkers to predict CML genetic evolution and resistance to TKI therapy, considering not only the effects of genetic aberrations but also the role of epigenetic alterations during the disease. Although dysregulations in epigenetic modulators such as histone methyltrasnferases have already been described for some hematologic malignancies, to date very limited data is available for CML, especially when considering the MLL2/KMT2D and MLL3/KMT2C genes of histone methyltrasnferases. Here we investigated the expression profile of both genes in CML patients in different stages of the disease, in patients showing different responses to therapy with IM and in non-neoplastic control samples. Imatinib sensitive and resistant CML cell lines were also used to investigate whether treatment with other tyrosine kinase inhibitors interfered in their expression. Both genes were either upregulated or with basal expression level during the chronic phase compared to controls. Interestingly, MLL3/KMT2C and specially MLL2/KMT2D levels decreased during disease progression correlating with distinct clinical stages. Furthermore, MLL2/KMT2D was decreased in patients resistant to IM treatment. Our results established a new association between MLL2/KMT2D and MLL3/KMT2C genes with CML and suggest that MLL2/KMT2D is associated with disease evolution and may be a potential marker to predict the development of therapy resistance.
Citation Format: Doralina do Amaral Rabello Ramos, Vivian D'Afonseca da Silva Ferreira, Maria Gabriela Berzoti-Coelho, Sandra Mara Burin, Cíntia Leticia Magro, Maira da Costa Cacemiro, Belinda Pinto Simões, Felipe Saldanha-Araujo, Fabíola Attié Castro, Fábio Pittella-Silva. Association of MLL2/KMT2D and MLL3/KMT2C with chronic myeloid leukemia [abstract]. In: Proceedings of the American Association for Cancer Research Annual Meeting 2018; 2018 Apr 14-18; Chicago, IL. Philadelphia (PA): AACR; Cancer Res 2018;78(13 Suppl):Abstract nr 366.
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Alves-Silva JC, de Carvalho JL, Rabello DA, Serejo TRT, Rego EM, Neves FAR, Lucena-Araujo AR, Pittella-Silva F, Saldanha-Araujo F. GLP overexpression is associated with poor prognosis in Chronic Lymphocytic Leukemia and its inhibition induces leukemic cell death. Invest New Drugs 2018; 36:955-960. [PMID: 29855824 DOI: 10.1007/s10637-018-0613-x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/29/2018] [Accepted: 05/24/2018] [Indexed: 12/21/2022]
Abstract
Background Heterodimeric methyltransferases GLP (EHMT1/KMT1D) and G9a (EHMT2/KMT1C) are two closely related enzymes that promote the monomethylation and dimethylation of histone H3 lysine 9. Dysregulation of their activity has been implicated in several types of human cancer. Patients and methods Here, in order to investigate whether GLP/G9a exerts any impact on Chronic Lymphocytic Leukemia (CLL), GLP/G9a expression levels were assessed in a cohort of 50 patients and the effects of their inhibition were verified for the viability of CLL cells. Also, qRT-PCR was used to investigate the transcriptional levels of GLP/G9a in CLL patients. In addition, patient samples were classified according to ZAP-70 protein expression by flow cytometry and according to karyotype integrity by cytogenetics analysis. Finally, a selective small molecule inhibitor for GLP/G9a was used to ascertain whether these methyltransferases influenced the viability of MEC-1 CLL cell lineage. Results mRNA analysis revealed that CLL samples had higher levels of GLP, but not G9a, when compared to non-leukemic controls. Interestingly, patients with unfavorable cytogenetics showed higher expression levels of GLP compared to patients with favorable karyotypes. More importantly, GLP/G9a inhibition markedly induced cell death in CLL cells. Conclusion Taken together, these results indicate that GLP is associated with a worse prognosis in CLL, and that the inhibition of GLP/G9a influences CLL cell viability. Altogether, the present data demonstrate that these methyltransferases can be potential markers for disease progression, as well as a promising epigenetic target for CLL treatment and the prevention of disease evolution.
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Affiliation(s)
- Juliana Carvalho Alves-Silva
- Laboratório de Patologia Molecular do Câncer, Universidade de Brasília, Av. L2 Norte, Brasília, DF, 70.910-900, Brazil
- Laboratório de Farmacologia Molecular, Universidade de Brasília, Campus Darcy Ribeiro, Av. L2 Norte, Brasília, DF, 70.910-900, Brazil
| | - Juliana Lott de Carvalho
- Laboratório de Biotecnologia, Universidade Católica de Brasília, SGAN 916 Módulo B, Brasília, DF, 70790-160, Brazil
| | - Doralina Amaral Rabello
- Laboratório de Patologia Molecular do Câncer, Universidade de Brasília, Av. L2 Norte, Brasília, DF, 70.910-900, Brazil
| | - Teresa Raquel Tavares Serejo
- Laboratório de Farmacologia Molecular, Universidade de Brasília, Campus Darcy Ribeiro, Av. L2 Norte, Brasília, DF, 70.910-900, Brazil
| | - Eduardo Magalhaes Rego
- Laboratório de Hematologia, Universidade de São Paulo, Av. Bandeirantes 3900, Ribeirão Preto, SP, 14.048-900, Brazil
| | - Francisco Assis Rocha Neves
- Laboratório de Farmacologia Molecular, Universidade de Brasília, Campus Darcy Ribeiro, Av. L2 Norte, Brasília, DF, 70.910-900, Brazil
| | - Antonio Roberto Lucena-Araujo
- Laboratório de Hematologia, Universidade Federal de Pernambuco, Av. Prof. Moraes Rego, Recife, PE, 50670-901, Brazil
| | - Fábio Pittella-Silva
- Laboratório de Patologia Molecular do Câncer, Universidade de Brasília, Av. L2 Norte, Brasília, DF, 70.910-900, Brazil
| | - Felipe Saldanha-Araujo
- Laboratório de Farmacologia Molecular, Universidade de Brasília, Campus Darcy Ribeiro, Av. L2 Norte, Brasília, DF, 70.910-900, Brazil.
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Rabello DDA, Ferreira VDDS, Berzoti-Coelho MG, Burin SM, Magro CL, Cacemiro MDC, Simões BP, Saldanha-Araujo F, de Castro FA, Pittella-Silva F. MLL2/KMT2D and MLL3/KMT2C expression correlates with disease progression and response to imatinib mesylate in chronic myeloid leukemia. Cancer Cell Int 2018; 18:26. [PMID: 29483845 PMCID: PMC5819641 DOI: 10.1186/s12935-018-0523-1] [Citation(s) in RCA: 17] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/20/2017] [Accepted: 02/15/2018] [Indexed: 01/03/2023] Open
Abstract
Background Chronic myeloid leukemia (CML) is a clonal myeloproliferative neoplasm whose pathogenesis is linked to the Philadelphia chromosome presence that generates the BCR-ABL1 fusion oncogene. Tyrosine kinase inhibitors (TKI) such as imatinib mesylate (IM) dramatically improved the treatment efficiency and survival of CML patients by targeting BCR-ABL tyrosine kinase. The disease shows three distinct clinical-laboratory stages: chronic phase, accelerated phase and blast crisis. Although patients in the chronic phase respond well to treatment, patients in the accelerated phase or blast crisis usually show therapy resistance and CML relapse. It is crucial, therefore, to identify biomarkers to predict CML genetic evolution and resistance to TKI therapy, considering not only the effects of genetic aberrations but also the role of epigenetic alterations during the disease. Although dysregulations in epigenetic modulators such as histone methyltrasnferases have already been described for some hematologic malignancies, to date very limited data is available for CML, especially when considering the lysine methyltransferase MLL2/KMT2D and MLL3/KMT2C. Methods Here we investigated the expression profile of both genes in CML patients in different stages of the disease, in patients showing different responses to therapy with IM and in non-neoplastic control samples. Imatinib sensitive and resistant CML cell lines were also used to investigate whether treatment with other tyrosine kinase inhibitors interfered in their expression. Results In patients, both methyltransferases were either upregulated or with basal expression level during the chronic phase compared to controls. Interestingly, MLL3/KMT2C and specially MLL2/KMT2D levels decreased during disease progression correlating with distinct clinical stages. Furthermore, MLL2/KMT2D was decreased in patients resistant to IM treatment. A rescue in the expression of both MLL genes was observed in KCL22S, a CML cell line sensitive to IM, after treatment with dasatinib or nilotinib which was associated with a higher rate of apoptosis, an enhanced expression of p21 (CDKN1A) and a concomitant decrease in the expression of CDK2, CDK4 and Cyclin B1 (CCNB1) in comparison to untreated KCL22S control or IM resistant KCL22R cell line, which suggests involvement of p53 regulated pathway. Conclusion Our results established a new association between MLL2/KMT2D and MLL3/KMT2C genes with CML and suggest that MLL2/KMT2D is associated with disease evolution and may be a potential marker to predict the development of therapy resistance.
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Affiliation(s)
- Doralina do Amaral Rabello
- 1Laboratory of Molecular Pathology of Cancer, Faculty of Health Sciences and Medicine, University of Brasilia, Brasília, DF Brazil
| | | | - Maria Gabriela Berzoti-Coelho
- 2Department of Clinical Analysis, Toxicology and Food Sciences, School of Pharmaceutical Sciences of Ribeirão Preto, University of São Paulo, Ribeirão Preto, SP Brazil
| | - Sandra Mara Burin
- 2Department of Clinical Analysis, Toxicology and Food Sciences, School of Pharmaceutical Sciences of Ribeirão Preto, University of São Paulo, Ribeirão Preto, SP Brazil
| | - Cíntia Leticia Magro
- 2Department of Clinical Analysis, Toxicology and Food Sciences, School of Pharmaceutical Sciences of Ribeirão Preto, University of São Paulo, Ribeirão Preto, SP Brazil
| | - Maira da Costa Cacemiro
- 2Department of Clinical Analysis, Toxicology and Food Sciences, School of Pharmaceutical Sciences of Ribeirão Preto, University of São Paulo, Ribeirão Preto, SP Brazil
| | - Belinda Pinto Simões
- 3Department of Internal Medicine, School of Medicine of Ribeirão Preto, University of São Paulo, Ribeirão Preto, SP Brazil
| | - Felipe Saldanha-Araujo
- 4Laboratory of Molecular Pharmacology, Faculty of Health Sciences, University of Brasilia, Brasília, DF Brazil
| | - Fabíola Attié de Castro
- 2Department of Clinical Analysis, Toxicology and Food Sciences, School of Pharmaceutical Sciences of Ribeirão Preto, University of São Paulo, Ribeirão Preto, SP Brazil
| | - Fabio Pittella-Silva
- 1Laboratory of Molecular Pathology of Cancer, Faculty of Health Sciences and Medicine, University of Brasilia, Brasília, DF Brazil
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Wagatsuma VMDD, Koury LCA, Sánchez SH, Figueiredo-Pontes LL, Silva FBD, Silva FBD, Dore AI, Lima ASGD, Lucena-Araujo AR, Traina F, Saldanha-Araujo F, Pittella F, Rego EM. Abstract A39: Nuclear SET domain (NSD) protein lysine methyltransferases (KMT) are higher expressed in acute myeloid leukemia. Clin Cancer Res 2018. [DOI: 10.1158/1557-3265.tcm17-a39] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/16/2022]
Abstract
Abstract
The nuclear SET domain (NSD) protein lysine methyltransferases (KMT) family is composed of three members, NSD1/KMT3B, NSD2/WHSC1/MMSET, and NSD3/WHSC1L1, which regulate gene expression through methylation of lysine 36 of histone H3 (H3K36). NSD2 overexpression was reported in multiple myeloma with t(4;14)/IgH-MMSET. NSDs gene expression profile is unknown in acute leukemias; however, NSD1 and NSD3 were described to be fused with the nucleoporin 98 gene (NUP98) in rare AML and myelodysplastic syndrome cases and both fusion proteins were associated with poor prognosis. The aims of the present study were to characterize the expression of NSD-KMTs in patients with AML and healthy controls, to determine if this expression is associated with specific genetic abnormalities and/or with treatment outcome. Bone marrow aspirates from four healthy donors and 94 AML patients (50♀, 44♂) at diagnosis were included in the study. Our cohort included 10 patients with acute promyelocytic leukemia (APL), 8 with core binding factor (CBF) leukemias [6 with t(8;21) and 4 with inv(16)], and 74 patients with non-APL non-CBF AML. NSD family gene expression was evaluated by qPCR using the comparative Ct method for analysis. A higher expression of the NSD1 gene was observed in AML cells compared to normal bone marrow (BM) samples (median [range] = 3.8835 [0.6804-11.5598] vs. 1.003 [0.7956-1.265], p=0.0243). Similarly, the expression of NSD3 was higher in AML only for the comparison between healthy BM and CBF-AML groups (median [range] = 1.070 [0.6360-1.410] vs. 2.719 [1.238-8.830], p=0.0265). No significant differences were detected in the analysis of NSD2 expression. The association between expression levels of NSD-KMT with age, gender, prognosis (favorable vs. unfavorable), presence or absence of FLT3-ITD and NPM1 mutations, and presence or absence of karyotype abnormalities was evaluated. With the exception of NSD3 and presence/absence of karyotype abnormalities, NSD-KMT gene expression levels were higher in AML subgroups when compared to healthy donors, in all above parameters. NSD2 was more expressed in AML when compared to NSD1/NSD2 groups. NPM1 mutations and FLT3 internal tandem duplications (FLT3-ITD) were detected in 19.1% (18/94) of the patients with AML. NSD1/NSD3 were more expressed in FLT3-ITD mutant vs. FLT3 wild-type group. In addition, NSD2 was frequently more observed in patients aged 65 or older. Next, patients were stratified into two groups according to the median value of each NSD-KMT evaluated. We assessed the correlation between age, white blood cells count, hemoglobin, platelets, and blasts percentage at bone marrow and NSD-KMT expression levels. A positive correlation was observec between NSD1/NSD3 and the percentage of bone marrow blasts at diagnosis (r2 = 0.08080/p-value = 0.0084, and r2 = 0.04937/p-value = 0.0410, respectively). NSD3 was also correlated to the higher number of bone marrow blasts (r2 = 0.1219/p-value = 0.0217), followed by a decrease into the platelet count (r2 = 0.09795/p-value = 0.0436). Regarding the analysis of treatment outcome, patients with non-APL AML were stratified into high and low NSD1 or NSD2 expression subgroups using the criteria above. The median overall survival of patients in the low NSD2 expression subgroup was 333.023 days (95% CI:158.541-507.505 days) whereas that of patients in the high NSD2 expression subgroup was 817.629 days (95% CI:238.702-1396.555 days) (p=0,633). No significant difference was observed between the overall survival of patients in the high and low NSD1 expression subgroups. Our data suggest a correlation between the overexpression levels of NSD-KMT with histone modifications, suggesting that this modification and not only DNA methylation can contribute to epigenomic changes associated with AML pathogenesis.
Citation Format: Virginia Mara de Deus Wagatsuma, Luisa C. A. Koury, Silvia Helena Sánchez, Lorena Lobo Figueiredo-Pontes, Fernanda Borges da Silva, Fernanda Borges da Silva, Adriana Ines Dore, Ana Silvia Gouvea de Lima, Antonio Roberto Lucena-Araujo, Fabiola Traina, Felipe Saldanha-Araujo, Fabio Pittella, Eduardo Magalhães Rego. Nuclear SET domain (NSD) protein lysine methyltransferases (KMT) are higher expressed in acute myeloid leukemia [abstract]. In: Proceedings of the AACR International Conference held in cooperation with the Latin American Cooperative Oncology Group (LACOG) on Translational Cancer Medicine; May 4-6, 2017; São Paulo, Brazil. Philadelphia (PA): AACR; Clin Cancer Res 2018;24(1_Suppl):Abstract nr A39.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Luisa C. A. Koury
- 1Ribeirão Preto Medical School of São Paulo University, Ribeirão Preto, SP, Brazil,
| | | | | | | | | | - Adriana Ines Dore
- 1Ribeirão Preto Medical School of São Paulo University, Ribeirão Preto, SP, Brazil,
| | | | | | - Fabiola Traina
- 1Ribeirão Preto Medical School of São Paulo University, Ribeirão Preto, SP, Brazil,
| | | | - Fabio Pittella
- 3University of Brasilia, Brasilia, Distrito Federal, Brazil
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Carvalho Alves-Silva J, do Amaral Rabello D, Oliveira Bravo M, Lucena-Araujo A, Madureira de Oliveira D, Morato de Oliveira F, Magalhaes Rego E, Pittella-Silva F, Saldanha-Araujo F. Aberrant levels of SUV39H1 and SUV39H2 methyltransferase are associated with genomic instability in chronic lymphocytic leukemia. Environ Mol Mutagen 2017; 58:654-661. [PMID: 28833505 DOI: 10.1002/em.22128] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/13/2017] [Revised: 06/08/2017] [Accepted: 07/25/2017] [Indexed: 06/07/2023]
Abstract
Chromosomal alterations are commonly detected in patients with chronic lymphocytic leukemia (CLL) and impact disease pathogenesis, prognosis, and progression. Telomerase expression (hTERT), its activity and the telomere length are other important predictors of survival and multiple outcomes in CLL. SUV39H and SUV420H enzymes are histone methyltransferases (HMTases) involved in several cellular processes, including regulation of telomere length, heterochromatin organization, and genome stability. Here, we investigated whether SUV39H1, SUV39H2, SUV420H1, SUV420H2, and hTERT are associated with genomic instability of CLL. SUV39H (1/2), SUV420H (1/2), and hTERT expression was determined in 59 CLL samples by real time PCR. In addition, ZAP-70 protein expression was evaluated by Flow Cytometry and patients' karyotype was defined by Cytogenetic Analysis. Low expression of SUV39H1 was associated with the acquisition of altered and complex karyotypes. Conversely, high expression of SUV39H2 correlated with cytogenetic abnormalities in CLL patients. The pattern of karyotypic alterations differed in samples with detectable or undetectable hTERT expression. Furthermore, hTERT expression in CLL showed a correlation with transcript levels of SUV39H2, which, in part, can explain the association between SUV39H2 expression and cytogenetic abnormalities. Moreover, SUV39H1 correlated with SUV420H1 expression while SUV420H2 was associated with all other investigated HMTases. Our data show that the differential expression of SUV39H1 and SUV39H2 is associated with genomic instability and that the modulation of these HMTases can be an attractive approach to prevent CLL evolution. Environ. Mol. Mutagen. 58:654-661, 2017. © 2017 Wiley Periodicals, Inc.
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Affiliation(s)
- Juliana Carvalho Alves-Silva
- Laboratório de Patologia Molecular do Câncer, Universidade de Brasília, Av. L2 Norte, Brasília, DF, 70.910-900, Brasil
| | - Doralina do Amaral Rabello
- Laboratório de Patologia Molecular do Câncer, Universidade de Brasília, Av. L2 Norte, Brasília, DF, 70.910-900, Brasil
| | - Martha Oliveira Bravo
- Laboratório de Farmacologia Molecular, Universidade de Brasília, Av. L2 Norte, Brasília, DF, 70.910-900, Brasil
| | - Antônio Lucena-Araujo
- Laboratório de Hematologia, Universidade Federal de Pernambuco, Av. Prof. Moraes Rego, Recife, PE, 50670-901, Brasil
| | - Diego Madureira de Oliveira
- Laboratório de Patologia Molecular do Câncer, Universidade de Brasília, Av. L2 Norte, Brasília, DF, 70.910-900, Brasil
| | - Fábio Morato de Oliveira
- Laboratório de Hematologia, Universidade de São Paulo, Av. Bandeirantes 3900, Ribeirão Preto, SP, 14.048-900, Brasil
| | - Eduardo Magalhaes Rego
- Laboratório de Hematologia, Universidade de São Paulo, Av. Bandeirantes 3900, Ribeirão Preto, SP, 14.048-900, Brasil
| | - Fábio Pittella-Silva
- Laboratório de Patologia Molecular do Câncer, Universidade de Brasília, Av. L2 Norte, Brasília, DF, 70.910-900, Brasil
| | - Felipe Saldanha-Araujo
- Laboratório de Patologia Molecular do Câncer, Universidade de Brasília, Av. L2 Norte, Brasília, DF, 70.910-900, Brasil
- Laboratório de Farmacologia Molecular, Universidade de Brasília, Av. L2 Norte, Brasília, DF, 70.910-900, Brasil
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de Oliveira Bravo M, Carvalho JL, Saldanha-Araujo F. Adenosine production: a common path for mesenchymal stem-cell and regulatory T-cell-mediated immunosuppression. Purinergic Signal 2016; 12:595-609. [PMID: 27557887 DOI: 10.1007/s11302-016-9529-0] [Citation(s) in RCA: 41] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/11/2016] [Accepted: 08/05/2016] [Indexed: 12/14/2022] Open
Abstract
Adenosine is an important molecule that exerts control on the immune system, by signaling through receptors lying on the surface of immune cells. This nucleotide is produced, in part, by the action of the ectoenzymes CD39 and CD73. Interestingly, these proteins are expressed on the cell surface of regulatory T-cells (Tregs) and mesenchymal stromal cells (MSCs)-two cell populations that have emerged as potential therapeutic tools in the field of cell therapy. In fact, the production of adenosine constitutes a mechanism used by both cell types to control the immune response. Recently, great scientific progress was obtained regarding the role of adenosine in the inflammatory environment. In this context, the present review focuses on the advances related to the impact of adenosine production over the immune modulatory activity of Tregs and MSCs, and how this nucleotide controls the biological functions of these cells. Finally, we mention the main challenges and hurdles to bring such molecule to clinical settings.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Juliana Lott Carvalho
- Genomic Sciences and Biotechnology Center, Catholic University of Brasilia, Brasilia, Brazil
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Silva-Pinto AC, Dias-Carlos C, Saldanha-Araujo F, Ferreira FIS, Palma PVB, Araujo AG, Queiroz RHC, Elion J, Covas DT, Zago MA, Panepucci RA. Hydroxycarbamide modulates components involved in the regulation of adenosine levels in blood cells from sickle-cell anemia patients. Ann Hematol 2014; 93:1457-65. [DOI: 10.1007/s00277-014-2066-4] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/09/2013] [Accepted: 03/16/2014] [Indexed: 11/30/2022]
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Haddad R, Saldanha-Araujo F. Mechanisms of T-cell immunosuppression by mesenchymal stromal cells: what do we know so far? Biomed Res Int 2014; 2014:216806. [PMID: 25025040 PMCID: PMC4082893 DOI: 10.1155/2014/216806] [Citation(s) in RCA: 117] [Impact Index Per Article: 11.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/21/2014] [Revised: 05/15/2014] [Accepted: 05/31/2014] [Indexed: 12/12/2022]
Abstract
Mesenchymal stromal cells (MSCs) are multipotent cells, which can give rise to several cell types including osteoblasts, adipocytes, and chondroblasts. These cells can be found in a variety of adult and fetal tissues, such as bone marrow, adipose tissue, cord blood, and placenta. In recent years, the biological properties of MSCs have attracted the attention of researchers worldwide due to their potential application for treating a series of clinical situations. Among these properties, special attention should be given to the immunoregulatory potential of those cells. MSCs are able to act on all cells of the immune system, which includes the capacity to inhibit the proliferation and function of T-cells. This feature renders them natural candidates to treat several diseases in which cellular immune response is exacerbated. In this review, we outline the main mechanisms by which MSCs immunosuppress T-cell response, focusing on cell-cell contact, secretion of soluble factors, and regulatory T-cell generation. The influence of surface markers in the immunosuppression process and features of MSCs isolated from different sources are also discussed. Finally, the influences of toll-like receptors and cytokines on the inflammatory microenvironment are highlighted regarding the activation of MSCs to exert their immunoregulatory function.
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Affiliation(s)
- Rodrigo Haddad
- 1Faculty of Ceilandia, University of Brasilia, 72220-900 Brasilia, DF, Brazil
| | - Felipe Saldanha-Araujo
- 2Faculty of Health Sciences, University of Brasilia, 70910-900 Brasilia, DF, Brazil
- *Felipe Saldanha-Araujo:
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Saldanha-Araujo F, Haddad R, Farias KCRMD, Souza ADPA, Palma PV, Araujo AG, Orellana MD, Voltarelli JC, Covas DT, Zago MA, Panepucci RA. Mesenchymal stem cells promote the sustained expression of CD69 on activated T lymphocytes: roles of canonical and non-canonical NF-κB signalling. J Cell Mol Med 2012; 16:1232-44. [PMID: 21777379 PMCID: PMC3823077 DOI: 10.1111/j.1582-4934.2011.01391.x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 39] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/29/2022] Open
Abstract
Mesenchymal stem cells (MSCs) are known to induce the conversion of activated T cells into regulatory T cells in vitro. The marker CD69 is a target of canonical nuclear factor kappa-B (NF-κB) signalling and is transiently expressed upon activation; however, stable CD69 expression defines cells with immunoregulatory properties. Given its enormous therapeutic potential, we explored the molecular mechanisms underlying the induction of regulatory cells by MSCs. Peripheral blood CD3+ T cells were activated and cultured in the presence or absence of MSCs. CD4+ cell mRNA expression was then characterized by microarray analysis. The drug BAY11-7082 (BAY) and a siRNA against v-rel reticuloendotheliosis viral oncogene homolog B (RELB) were used to explore the differential roles of canonical and non-canonical NF-κB signalling, respectively. Flow cytometry and real-time PCR were used for analyses. Genes with immunoregulatory functions, CD69 and non-canonical NF-κB subunits (RELB and NFKB2) were all expressed at higher levels in lymphocytes co-cultured with MSCs. The frequency of CD69+ cells among lymphocytes cultured alone progressively decreased after activation. In contrast, the frequency of CD69+ cells increased significantly following activation in lymphocytes co-cultured with MSCs. Inhibition of canonical NF-κB signalling by BAY immediately following activation blocked the induction of CD69; however, inhibition of canonical NF-κB signalling on the third day further induced the expression of CD69. Furthermore, late expression of CD69 was inhibited by RELB siRNA. These results indicate that the canonical NF-κB pathway controls the early expression of CD69 after activation; however, in an immunoregulatory context, late and sustained CD69 expression is promoted by the non-canonical pathway and is inhibited by canonical NF-κB signalling.
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Affiliation(s)
- Felipe Saldanha-Araujo
- National Institute of Science and Technology in Stem Cell and Cell Therapy, Center for Cell Therapy, Regional Blood Center and Faculty of Medicine, University of São Paulo (FMRP-USP), Ribeirão Preto, Brazil
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Saldanha-Araujo F, Ferreira FIS, Palma PV, Araujo AG, Queiroz RHC, Covas DT, Zago MA, Panepucci RA. Mesenchymal stromal cells up-regulate CD39 and increase adenosine production to suppress activated T-lymphocytes. Stem Cell Res 2011; 7:66-74. [PMID: 21546330 DOI: 10.1016/j.scr.2011.04.001] [Citation(s) in RCA: 108] [Impact Index Per Article: 8.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/14/2011] [Revised: 03/12/2011] [Accepted: 04/01/2011] [Indexed: 12/16/2022] Open
Abstract
Mesenchymal stromal cells (MSCs) suppress T cell responses through mechanisms not completely understood. Adenosine is a strong immunosuppressant that acts mainly through its receptor A(2a) (ADORA2A). Extracellular adenosine levels are a net result of its production (mediated by CD39 and CD73), and of its conversion into inosine by Adenosine Deaminase (ADA). Here we investigated the involvement of ADO in the immunomodulation promoted by MSCs. Human T lymphocytes were activated and cultured with or without MSCs. Compared to lymphocytes cultured without MSCs, co-cultured lymphocytes were suppressed and expressed higher levels of ADORA2A and lower levels of ADA. In co-cultures, the percentage of MSCs expressing CD39, and of T lymphocytes expressing CD73, increased significantly and adenosine levels were higher. Incubation of MSCs with media conditioned by activated T lymphocytes induced the production of adenosine to levels similar to those observed in co-cultures, indicating that adenosine production was mainly derived from MSCs. Finally, blocking ADORA2A signaling raised lymphocyte proliferation significantly. Our results suggest that some of the immunomodulatory properties of MSCs may, in part, be mediated through the modulation of components related to adenosine signaling. These findings may open new avenues for the development of new treatments for GVHD and other inflammatory diseases.
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Affiliation(s)
- Felipe Saldanha-Araujo
- National Institute of Science and Technology in Stem Cell and Cell Therapy, Center for Cell Therapy, Regional Blood Center and Faculty of Medicine of Ribeirão Preto-University of São Paulo, Ribeirão Preto, Brazil.
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Saldanha-Araujo F, Haddad R, Zanette DL, De Araujo AG, Orellana MD, Covas DT, Zago MA, Panepucci RA. Cancer/Testis antigen expression on mesenchymal stem cells isolated from different tissues. Anticancer Res 2010; 30:5023-5027. [PMID: 21187485] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/30/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND/AIMS The expression of cancer/testis antigens (CTAs) on additional normal tissues or stem cells may restrict their use as cancer targets. The objective of the present study was to evaluate the mRNA levels of some CTAs in a variety of tissues. MATERIALS AND METHODS mRNA of pericytes, fibroblasts and mesenchymal stem cells (MSCs) derived from adult and fetal tissues, human umbilical vein endothelial cells, MSC-derived adipocytes, selected normal tissues and control cancer cell lines (CLs) were extracted and quantitative polymerase chain reaction was performed for MAGED1, PRAME, CTAG1B, MAGEA3 and MAGEA4. RESULTS MAGED1 was expressed in all normal tissues and cells evaluated. CTAG1B was expressed at levels comparable to control CLs on MSCs derived from arterial, fetal skin, adipose tissue and saphenous vein, heart, brain and skin tissues. MAGEA4 was detected only in fibroblasts and differentiated adipocytes from MSCs, at levels comparable to the control CLs. CONCLUSION The potential use of CTAs in immunotherapy should take into account the potential off-target effects on MSCs.
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Affiliation(s)
- Felipe Saldanha-Araujo
- Fundação Hemocentro de Ribeirão Preto, Universidade de São Paulo, Ribeirão Preto, São Paulo, Brazil
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Saldanha-Araujo F, Souza AM. Early effects on T lymphocyte response to iron deficiency in mice. Short communication. Biol Trace Elem Res 2009; 127:95-101. [PMID: 18825318 DOI: 10.1007/s12011-008-8235-3] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/28/2008] [Accepted: 09/12/2008] [Indexed: 10/21/2022]
Abstract
Iron deficiency is a common nutritional disorder, affecting about 30% of the world population. Deficits in iron functional compartments have suppressive effects on the immune system. Environmental problems, age, and other nutrient deficiencies are some of the situations which make human studies difficult and warrant the use of animal models. This study aimed to investigate alterations in the immune system by inducing iron deficiency and promoting recuperation in a mouse model. Hemoglobin concentration, hematocrit, liver iron store, and flow cytometry analyses of cell-surface transferrin receptor (CD71) on peripheral blood and spleen CD4+ and CD8+ T lymphocyte were performed in the control (C) and the iron-deficient (ID) groups of animals at the beginning and end of the experiment. Hematological indices of C and ID mice were not different but the iron stores of ID mice were significantly reduced. Although T cell subsets were not altered, the percentage of T cells expressing CD71 was significantly increased by ID. The results suggest that iron deficiency induced by our experimental model would mimic the early events in the onset of anemia, where thymus atrophy is not enough to influence subset composition of T cells, which can still respond to iron deficiency by upregulating the expression of transferrin receptor.
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Affiliation(s)
- Felipe Saldanha-Araujo
- Faculdade de Ciências Farmacêuticas de Ribeirão Preto, Universidade de São Paulo, Ribeirao Preto, São Paolo, Brazil
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