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Ma Y, Wei X, Xu J, Ji S, Yang F, Zeng A, Li Y, Cao J, Zhang J, Luo Z, Fu Q. Development of double-layer poly (amino acid) modified electrochemical sensor for sensitive and direct detection of betamethasone in cosmetics. Talanta 2024; 273:125855. [PMID: 38461643 DOI: 10.1016/j.talanta.2024.125855] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/08/2023] [Revised: 12/25/2023] [Accepted: 02/28/2024] [Indexed: 03/12/2024]
Abstract
Screening for illegal use of glucocorticoids (GCs) in cosmetics by electrochemical methods is extremely challenging due to the poor electrochemical activity of GCs. In this study, poly-L-Serine/poly-Taurine modified electrode (P(Tau)/P(L-Ser)/GCE) was prepared for sensitive and direct determination of betamethasone in cosmetics by a simple two-step in situ electropolymerization reaction. The relevant parameters of preparation and electroanalytical conditions were respectively studied, including the concentration of polymerization solution, the number of scanning circles and the scanning rate. The SEM and EDS mapping demonstrated successful preparation of P(Tau)/P(L-Ser)/GCE. The electro-catalytic properties of the obtained electrodes were investigated using cyclic voltammetry and differential pulse voltammetry methods, showing a remarkable improvement of sensitivity for the detection of betamethasone due to the synergic effect of both P(L-Ser) and P(Tau). In addition, we investigated the electrochemical reduction of betamethasone on the surface of modified electrode. It was found that the process was controlled by diffusion effect and involved the transfer of two electrons and two protons. Then the electrochemical sensor method based on P(Tau)/P(L-Ser)/GCE was established and delivered a linear response to betamethasone concentration from 0.5 to 20 μg mL-1 with a limit of detection of 32.2 ng mL-1, with excellent recoveries (98.1%-106.8%) and relative standard deviations (<4.8%). Furthermore, the established electrochemical sensor method was compared with conventional HPLC method. The results showed that both of them were comparable. Moreover, the established electrochemical sensor method was with the merits of short analysis time, environmentally friendly, low cost and easy to achieve in-site detection.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yirong Ma
- Department of Pharmaceutical Analysis, School of Pharmacy, Xi'an Jiaotong University, Xi'an, 710061, China
| | - Xinran Wei
- Department of Pharmaceutical Analysis, School of Pharmacy, Xi'an Jiaotong University, Xi'an, 710061, China
| | - Jiameng Xu
- Department of Pharmaceutical Analysis, School of Pharmacy, Xi'an Jiaotong University, Xi'an, 710061, China
| | - Shuhua Ji
- Department of Pharmaceutical Analysis, School of Pharmacy, Xi'an Jiaotong University, Xi'an, 710061, China
| | - Fan Yang
- Department of Pharmaceutical Analysis, School of Pharmacy, Xi'an Jiaotong University, Xi'an, 710061, China
| | - Aiguo Zeng
- Department of Pharmaceutical Analysis, School of Pharmacy, Xi'an Jiaotong University, Xi'an, 710061, China
| | - Yunzhe Li
- Department of Pharmaceutical Analysis, School of Pharmacy, Xi'an Jiaotong University, Xi'an, 710061, China
| | - Jiliang Cao
- Department of Pharmaceutical Analysis, College of Pharmacy, Shenzhen Technology University, Shenzhen, 518118, China
| | - Jia Zhang
- Shaanxi Hanjiang Pharmaceutical Group Co., Ltd, Hanzhong, 723000, China
| | - Zhimin Luo
- Department of Pharmaceutical Analysis, School of Pharmacy, Xi'an Jiaotong University, Xi'an, 710061, China.
| | - Qiang Fu
- Department of Pharmaceutical Analysis, School of Pharmacy, Xi'an Jiaotong University, Xi'an, 710061, China; Department of Pharmaceutical Analysis, College of Pharmacy, Shenzhen Technology University, Shenzhen, 518118, China.
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2
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Pilakouta M, Trapali M, Kallithrakas-Kontos N. XRF calibration with low-cost samples and implementation for quantification of inorganic elements in lipsticks. MethodsX 2024; 12:102704. [PMID: 38651000 PMCID: PMC11033198 DOI: 10.1016/j.mex.2024.102704] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/26/2023] [Accepted: 04/05/2024] [Indexed: 04/25/2024] Open
Abstract
In this paper, the preparation of low-cost samples, for the calibration of an energy-dispersive X-ray fluorescence system is presented. The entire procedure is proposed as an undergraduate or postgraduate student laboratory activity, which aims to familiarize students with the procedure of calibration of a spectroscopy-based analytical method through the XRF technique. Furthermore, the use of XRF for the determination of elemental concentrations in samples related to students' interests, was attempted.
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Affiliation(s)
- M Pilakouta
- University of West Attica, Department of Biomedical Sciences, Campus 1, Ag. Spyridonos 28, Egaleo 12243 Athens, Greece
| | - M Trapali
- University of West Attica, Department of Biomedical Sciences, Campus 1, Ag. Spyridonos 28, Egaleo 12243 Athens, Greece
| | - N Kallithrakas-Kontos
- Analytical and Environmental Chemistry Laboratory, School of Mineral Resources Engineering, Technical University of Crete, University Campus, GR 73100 Chania, Greece
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3
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Sharkawy A, Rodrigues AE. Plant gums in Pickering emulsions: A review of sources, properties, applications, and future perspectives. Carbohydr Polym 2024; 332:121900. [PMID: 38431409 DOI: 10.1016/j.carbpol.2024.121900] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/14/2023] [Revised: 01/25/2024] [Accepted: 01/30/2024] [Indexed: 03/05/2024]
Abstract
Recently, there has been an increasing research interest in the development of Pickering emulsions stabilized with naturally derived biopolymeric particles. In this regard, plant gums, obtained as plant exudates or from plant seeds, are considered promising candidates for the development of non-toxic, biocompatible, biodegradable and eco-friendly Pickering stabilizers. The main objective of this review article is to provide a detailed overview and assess the latest advances in the formulation of Pickering emulsions stabilized with plant gum-based particles. The plant gum sources, types and properties are outlined. Besides, the current methodologies used in the production of plant gum particles formed solely of plant gums, or through interactions of plant gums with proteins or other polysaccharides are highlighted and discussed. Furthermore, the work compiles and assesses the innovative applications of plant gum-based Pickering emulsions in areas such as encapsulation and delivery of drugs and active agents, along with the utilization of these Pickering emulsions in the development of active packaging films, plant-based products and low-fat food formulations. The last part of the review presents potential future research trends that are expected to motivate and direct research to areas related to other novel food applications, as well as tissue engineering and environmental applications.
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Affiliation(s)
- Asma Sharkawy
- LSRE-LCM, Department of Chemical Engineering, Faculty of Engineering, University of Porto, Rua Dr. Roberto Frias s/n, 4200-465 Porto, Portugal.
| | - Alírio E Rodrigues
- LSRE-LCM, Department of Chemical Engineering, Faculty of Engineering, University of Porto, Rua Dr. Roberto Frias s/n, 4200-465 Porto, Portugal
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4
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Saha G, Chandrasekaran N. A combined toxicological impact on Artemia salina caused by the presence of dust particles, microplastics from cosmetics, and paracetamol. Environ Pollut 2024; 348:123822. [PMID: 38522609 DOI: 10.1016/j.envpol.2024.123822] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/15/2024] [Revised: 02/28/2024] [Accepted: 03/18/2024] [Indexed: 03/26/2024]
Abstract
Environmental pollution poses a significant and pressing threat to the overall well-being of aquatic ecosystems in modern society. This study showed that pollutants like dusts from AC filter, fan wings and Traffic dust PM 2.5 were exposed to Artemia salina in pristine form and in combination. The findings indicated that exposure to multi-pollutants had a detrimental effect on the hatching rates of A. salina cysts. Compared to untreated A. salina, the morphology of adult (7th day old) A. salina changed noticeably after each incubation period (24-120 h). Oxidative stress increased considerably as the exposure duration increased from 24 to 120 h compared to the control group. There was a time-dependent decline in antioxidant enzyme activity and total protein concentration. When all particles were used all together, the total protein content in A. salina decreased significantly. All particles showed a considerable decline in survival rate. Those exposed to traffic dust particles showed significantly higher levels of oxidative stress and antioxidant activity than those exposed to other particles.
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Affiliation(s)
- Guria Saha
- Centre for Nanobiotechnology, Vellore Institute of Technology, Vellore, India
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5
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Uber M, Morgan MAP, Schneider MC, Gomes IRR, Imoto RR, Carvalho VO, Abagge KT. Frequency of perfume in 398 children's cosmetics. J Pediatr (Rio J) 2024; 100:263-266. [PMID: 38012955 DOI: 10.1016/j.jped.2023.11.002] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/07/2023] [Revised: 11/01/2023] [Accepted: 11/01/2023] [Indexed: 11/29/2023] Open
Abstract
OBJECTIVE Perfume (Parfum) or fragrance is a natural or synthetic cosmetic ingredient added to emit a pleasant aroma or to improve the odor of a cosmetic formula. It is a mixture of substances, not revealed by the manufacturer, which may contain ingredients with allergenic potential, endocrine disruptors, and other possible harmful effects on human health. This study aims to analyze children's cosmetics labels to assess the presence of Perfume. METHODS The researchers randomly visited points of sale in Curitiba, the capital of a southern Brazilian state; in order to catalog the largest possible number of children's cosmetics items. RESULTS 398 children's cosmetics were analyzed and found Parfum on 295 (74.1 %) of the labels, including 90.4 and 79,1 % of the shampoos and wet wipes, respectively. CONCLUSION Exposure of children's skin to fragrances can lead to local side effects such as allergies, but also to systemic effects, and the lack of knowledge of the general population and health professionals about its possible deleterious effects emphasizes the importance of changes in the regulation of cosmetics aiming to reduce the use of this ingredient.
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Affiliation(s)
- Marjorie Uber
- Universidade Federal do Paraná (UFPR), Departamento de Pediatria, Divisão de Dermatologia Pediátrica, Curitiba, PR, Brazil.
| | - Mariana A P Morgan
- Universidade Federal do Paraná (UFPR), Departamento de Pediatria, Divisão de Dermatologia Pediátrica, Curitiba, PR, Brazil
| | - Maria Carolina Schneider
- Universidade Federal do Paraná (UFPR), Departamento de Pediatria, Divisão de Dermatologia Pediátrica, Curitiba, PR, Brazil
| | - Izabella R R Gomes
- Universidade Federal do Paraná (UFPR), Departamento de Pediatria, Divisão de Dermatologia Pediátrica, Curitiba, PR, Brazil
| | - Renata R Imoto
- Universidade Federal do Paraná (UFPR), Departamento de Pediatria, Divisão de Dermatologia Pediátrica, Curitiba, PR, Brazil
| | - Vânia O Carvalho
- Universidade Federal do Paraná (UFPR), Departamento de Pediatria, Divisão de Dermatologia Pediátrica, Curitiba, PR, Brazil
| | - Kerstin T Abagge
- Universidade Federal do Paraná (UFPR), Departamento de Pediatria, Divisão de Dermatologia Pediátrica, Curitiba, PR, Brazil
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Sargsyan A, Nash E, Binkhorst G, Forsyth JE, Jones B, Sanchez Ibarra G, Berg S, McCartor A, Fuller R, Bose-O'Reilly S. Rapid Market Screening to assess lead concentrations in consumer products across 25 low- and middle-income countries. Sci Rep 2024; 14:9713. [PMID: 38678115 DOI: 10.1038/s41598-024-59519-0] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/27/2024] [Accepted: 04/11/2024] [Indexed: 04/29/2024] Open
Abstract
Lead exposure can have serious consequences for health and development. The neurological and behavioral effects of lead are considered irreversible. Young children are particularly vulnerable to lead poisoning. In 2020, Pure Earth and UNICEF estimated that one in three children had elevated blood lead levels above 5 µg/dL. The sources of lead exposure vary around the world and can range from household products, such as spices or foodware, to environmental pollution from nearby industries. The aim of this study was to analyze common products from markets in low- and middle-income countries (LMICs) for their lead content to determine whether they are plausible sources of exposure. In 25 LMICs, the research teams systematically collected consumer products (metal foodware, ceramics, cosmetics, paints, toys, spices and other foods). The items were analyzed on site for detectable lead above 2 ppm using an X-ray fluorescence analyzer. For quality control purposes, a subset of the samples was analyzed in the USA using inductively coupled plasma mass spectrometry. The lead concentrations of the individual product types were compared with established regulatory thresholds. Out of 5007 analyzed products, threshold values (TV) were surpassed in 51% for metal foodware (TV 100 ppm), 45% for ceramics (TV 100 ppm), and 41% for paints (TV 90 ppm). Sources of exposure in LMICs can be diverse, and consumers in LMICs lack adequate protection from preventable sources of lead exposure. Rapid Market Screening is an innovative, simple, and useful tool to identify risky products that could be sources of lead exposure.
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Affiliation(s)
- Aelita Sargsyan
- Pure Earth, 475 Riverside Drive, New York, NY, 10115, USA
- Doctoral Program in Pollution, Toxicology and Environmental Health, Faculty of Biological Sciences, University of Valencia, c/Dr. Moliner, 50, Burjassot, 46100, Valencia, Spain
| | - Emily Nash
- Pure Earth, 475 Riverside Drive, New York, NY, 10115, USA
| | | | - Jenna E Forsyth
- Division of Infectious Diseases and Geographic Medicine, Stanford University, Stanford, CA, USA
| | - Barbara Jones
- Cardinal Resources, Inc., 4410 Broadway Blvd., Monroeville, PA, 15146, USA
| | | | - Sarah Berg
- Pure Earth, 475 Riverside Drive, New York, NY, 10115, USA
| | | | - Richard Fuller
- Pure Earth, 475 Riverside Drive, New York, NY, 10115, USA
| | - Stephan Bose-O'Reilly
- Pure Earth, 475 Riverside Drive, New York, NY, 10115, USA.
- Institute and Clinic for Occupational, Social and Environmental Medicine, University Hospital, LMU Munich, Ziemssenstr. 5, 80336, Munich, Germany.
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7
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Cherian P, Bergfeld WF, Belsito DV, Cohen DE, Klaassen CD, Rettie A, Ross D, Slaga TJ, Snyder PW, Tilton S, Fiume M, Heldreth B. Laneth Acetates. Int J Toxicol 2024:10915818241249398. [PMID: 38653732 DOI: 10.1177/10915818241249398] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 04/25/2024]
Abstract
The Expert Panel for Cosmetic Ingredient Safety reviewed newly available studies since their original assessment in 1982 and a previous re-review in 2002, along with updated information regarding product types and concentrations of use. Considering this information, the Panel confirmed that Laneth-9 Acetate and Laneth-10 Acetate are safe for topical application to humans in the present practices of use and concentration as described in this report.
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Affiliation(s)
- Priya Cherian
- Cosmetic Ingredient Review Senior Scientific Analyst/Writer
| | | | | | | | | | - Alan Rettie
- Expert Panel for Cosmetic Ingredient Safety Member
| | - David Ross
- Expert Panel for Cosmetic Ingredient Safety Member
| | | | | | - Susan Tilton
- Expert Panel for Cosmetic Ingredient Safety Member
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8
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Han JH, Kim HS. Skin Deep: The Potential of Microbiome Cosmetics. J Microbiol 2024:10.1007/s12275-024-00128-x. [PMID: 38625646 DOI: 10.1007/s12275-024-00128-x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/02/2024] [Revised: 02/27/2024] [Accepted: 03/03/2024] [Indexed: 04/17/2024]
Abstract
The interplay between the skin microbiome and its host is a complex facet of dermatological health and has become a critical focus in the development of microbiome cosmetics. The skin microbiome, comprising various microorganisms, is essential from birth, develops over the lifespan, and performs vital roles in protecting our body against pathogens, training the immune system, and facilitating the breakdown of organic matter. Dysbiosis, an imbalance of these microorganisms, has been implicated in a number of skin conditions such as acne, atopic dermatitis, and skin cancer. Recent scientific findings have spurred cosmetic companies to develop products that preserve and enhance the skin's microbial diversity balance. These products may incorporate elements like prebiotics, probiotics, and postbiotics, which are beneficial for the skin microbiome. Beyond topical products, there's increasing interest in ingestible beauty supplements (i.e. oral probiotics), highlighting the connection between the gut and skin. This review examines the influence of the microbiome on skin health and the emerging trends of microbiome skincare products.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ju Hee Han
- Department of Dermatology, Seoul St. Mary's Hospital, College of Medicine, The Catholic University of Korea, Seoul, 06591, Republic of Korea
| | - Hei Sung Kim
- Department of Dermatology, Incheon St. Mary's Hospital, College of Medicine, The Catholic University of Korea, Seoul, 06591, Republic of Korea.
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9
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Jeon S, Lee EY, Nam SJ, Lim KM. Safety assessment of Paeonia lactiflora root extract for a cosmetic ingredient employing the threshold of toxicological concern (TTC) approach. Regul Toxicol Pharmacol 2024; 149:105620. [PMID: 38615840 DOI: 10.1016/j.yrtph.2024.105620] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/18/2023] [Revised: 03/29/2024] [Accepted: 04/03/2024] [Indexed: 04/16/2024]
Abstract
Botanical extracts, widely used in cosmetics, pose a challenge to safety assessment due to their complex compositions. The threshold of toxicological concern (TTC) approach, offering a safe exposure level for cosmetic ingredients, proves to be a promising solution for ensuring the safety of cosmetic ingredients with low exposure level. We assessed the safety of Paeonia lactiflora root extract (PLR), commonly used in skin conditioning products, with the TTC. We identified 50 constituents of PLR extract from the USDA database and literature exploration. Concentration of each constituent of PLR extract was determined with the information from USDA references, literature, and experimental analysis. The genotoxicity of PLR and its constituents was assessed in vitro and in silico respectively. Cramer class of the constituents of the PLR extract was determined with Toxtree 3.1 extended decision tree using ChemTunes®. Systemic exposure of each constituent from leave-on type cosmetic products containing PLR at a 1% concentration was estimated and compared with respective TTC threshold. Two constituents exceeding TTC threshold were further analyzed for dermal absorption using in silico tools, which confirmed the safety of PLR extract in cosmetics. Collectively, we demonstrated that the TTC is a useful tool for assessing botanical extract safety in cosmetics.
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Affiliation(s)
- Soha Jeon
- College of Pharmacy, Ewha Womans University, Seoul, 03760, Republic of Korea
| | - Eun-Young Lee
- Department of Chemistry and Nanoscience, Ewha Womans University, Seoul, 03760, Republic of Korea
| | - Sang-Jip Nam
- Department of Chemistry and Nanoscience, Ewha Womans University, Seoul, 03760, Republic of Korea.
| | - Kyung-Min Lim
- College of Pharmacy, Ewha Womans University, Seoul, 03760, Republic of Korea.
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Crasto D, Taylor D, Weiss E, Tolkachjov S. Dermatology by Dermatologists. J Clin Aesthet Dermatol 2024; 17:6-7. [PMID: 38638187 PMCID: PMC11022843] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Key Words] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 04/20/2024]
Affiliation(s)
- David Crasto
- Dr. Crasto is a PGY-4 Dermatology resident at Larkin Community Hospital in South Miami, Florida
| | - Drew Taylor
- Dr. Taylor is with Epiphany Dermatology in Aspen, Colorado
| | - Eduardo Weiss
- Dr. Weiss is with Miami Miller School of Medicine in Miami, Florida
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11
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Scott LN, Fiume M, Bergfeld WF, Belsito DV, Hill RA, Klaassen CD, Liebler DC, Marks JG, Shank RC, Slaga TJ, Snyder PW, Heldreth B. Safety Assessment of Alkane Diols as Used in Cosmetics. Int J Toxicol 2024; 43:70S-131S. [PMID: 38174390 DOI: 10.1177/10915818231224234] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/05/2024]
Abstract
The Expert Panel for Cosmetic Ingredient Safety (Panel) assessed the safety of 10 alkane diol ingredients as used in cosmetics. The alkane diols are structurally related to each other as small diols, and most are reported to function in cosmetics as solvents. The Panel reviewed the relevant data for these ingredients, and concluded that seven alkane diols are safe in cosmetics in the present practices of use and concentration described in this safety assessment, but that the available data are insufficient to make a determination of safety for three ingredients, namely 1,4-Butanediol, 2,3-Butanediol, and Octanediol.
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Key Words
- 1,10-Decanediol
- 1,4-Butanediol
- 1,5-Pentanediol
- 2,3-Butanediol
- Butyl Ethyl Propanediol (2-butyl-2-ethyl-1,3-propanediol)
- Cosmetics
- Hexanediol (1,6-hexanediol)
- Isopentyldiol (3-methyl-1,3-butanediol)
- Methylpropanediol (2-methyl-1,3-propanediol)
- Octanediol (1,8-octanediol)
- Propanediol (1,3-propanediol)
- Safety
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Affiliation(s)
- Laura N Scott
- Cosmetic Ingredient Review Former Scientific Analyst/Writer
| | | | | | | | - Ronald A Hill
- Expert Panel for Cosmetic Ingredient Safety Former Member
| | | | | | - James G Marks
- Expert Panel for Cosmetic Ingredient Safety Former Member
| | - Ronald C Shank
- Expert Panel for Cosmetic Ingredient Safety Former Member
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12
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Aguilera J, Navarrete-de Gálvez E, El Houssaini A, Soto-Lara F, Herrera-Ceballos E, de Gálvez MV. The topical application of different galenic formulations can alter the thermographic images of skin: Limitations for public thermal screening on infection control situations. Am J Infect Control 2024; 52:400-409. [PMID: 37422066 DOI: 10.1016/j.ajic.2023.06.018] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/07/2023] [Revised: 06/22/2023] [Accepted: 06/22/2023] [Indexed: 07/10/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND To analyze whether the application of topical formulas as cosmetics or sunscreens could affect the skin thermographic readings in terms of infection control in pandemic situations. METHODS The temperature of the skin of the dorsal region of the back and the face of 20 volunteers was followed after the application of 6 different types of gels, sunscreens, and make-up under controlled temperature and humidity conditions. High-resolution thermographic images were analyzed to calculate the temperature of treated skin compared to skin free of topical products. RESULTS The application of hydroalcoholic gel resulted in a mean drop of more than 2°C just after 1 minute followed by organic sunscreens until 1.7°C. Recovery was observed progressively until minute 9. Color make-up type formulas, rich in iron oxide as well as sunscreens with mineral filters had little or no effect on the skin thermal response. CONCLUSIONS It is possible to alter the skin temperature almost immediately by using hydroalcoholic gels and sunscreen cosmetics. So, it is possible to produce false negative data in the readings of patients screened thermically.
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Affiliation(s)
- José Aguilera
- Photobiological Dermatology Laboratory Medical Research Centre, Department of Dermatology and Medicine, School of Medicine, University of Malaga, Malaga, Spain.
| | - Enrique Navarrete-de Gálvez
- Project Engineering Area, Department of Graphic Expression Design and Projects, University of Malaga, Malaga, Spain
| | - Ali El Houssaini
- Neurological Rehabilitation Clinic Godeshöhe (Johanniter), Bonn, Germany
| | - Francisco Soto-Lara
- Project Engineering Area, Department of Graphic Expression Design and Projects, University of Malaga, Malaga, Spain
| | - Enrique Herrera-Ceballos
- Photobiological Dermatology Laboratory Medical Research Centre, Department of Dermatology and Medicine, School of Medicine, University of Malaga, Malaga, Spain
| | - María V de Gálvez
- Photobiological Dermatology Laboratory Medical Research Centre, Department of Dermatology and Medicine, School of Medicine, University of Malaga, Malaga, Spain
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13
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Scott LN, Fiume M, Zhu J, Bergfeld WF, Belsito DV, Hill RA, Klaassen CD, Liebler DC, Marks JG, Shank RC, Slaga TJ, Snyder PW, Heldreth B. Safety Assessment of Zinc Salts as Used in Cosmetics. Int J Toxicol 2024; 43:5S-69S. [PMID: 38279815 DOI: 10.1177/10915818241227124] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/29/2024]
Abstract
The Expert Panel for Cosmetic Ingredient Safety (Panel) assessed the safety of 27 inorganic and organometallic zinc salts as used in cosmetic formulations; these salts are specifically of the 2+ (II) oxidation state cation of zinc. These ingredients included in this report have various reported functions in cosmetics, including hair conditioning agents, skin conditioning agents, cosmetic astringents, cosmetic biocides, preservatives, oral care agents, buffering agents, bulking agents, chelating agents, and viscosity increasing agents. The Panel reviewed the relevant data for these ingredients, and concluded that these 27 ingredients are safe in cosmetics in the present practices of use and concentration described in this safety assessment when formulated to be non-irritating.
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Affiliation(s)
- Laura N Scott
- Cosmetic Ingredient Review Former Scientific Analyst/Writer
| | - Monice Fiume
- Cosmetic Ingredient Review Former Scientific Analyst/Writer
| | - Jinqiu Zhu
- Cosmetic Ingredient Review Former Scientific Analyst/Writer
| | | | | | - Ronald A Hill
- Expert Panel for Cosmetic Ingredient Safety Former Member
| | | | | | - James G Marks
- Expert Panel for Cosmetic Ingredient Safety Former Member
| | - Ronald C Shank
- Expert Panel for Cosmetic Ingredient Safety Former Member
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Alshehrei FM. Microbiological Quality Assessment of Skin and Body care Cosmetics by using Challenge test. Saudi J Biol Sci 2024; 31:103965. [PMID: 38440744 PMCID: PMC10910155 DOI: 10.1016/j.sjbs.2024.103965] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/11/2024] [Revised: 02/21/2024] [Accepted: 02/24/2024] [Indexed: 03/06/2024] Open
Abstract
Cosmetic products may be exposed to microbial contamination during storage or transport, and to avoid the risk of microbial growth, manufacturers add preservative compounds as a protection for the product from spoilage. The Microbial Challenge test is a procedure to evaluate the preservative efficacy by challenging the product with testing microorganisms to determine the quality of preservation. In this study, thirty-two cosmetics products used for body and skin care were collected from markets and pharmacies in Mecca region, these products are subjected to microbiological analysis, results show that most samples are contaminated except six samples. Non contaminated samples were subjected to European Pharmacopeia 7.0 standards. Results show that two samples, foaming gel and body and face cream are failed to demonstrate the required microbiocidal effect against the S.aureus test species, results recorded 1.21 x 105 and 6.80 x 105 (CFU/ml) respectively at the second day of incubation, other products: shower gel, hand wash, body lotion and shampoo demonstrate that required microbiocidal effect against the test species during day 2, 7, 14 until day 28th. The microbial count number is less than 10 during all incubation periods. To prevent contamination in cosmetics, manufacturers are required to add a good preservative system to the products and examine them before sale. Due to the high percentage of microbial contamination in cosmetics in Mecca region and for consumers safety, this study is prepared.
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Affiliation(s)
- Fatimah M. Alshehrei
- Umm Al-Qura University, Jumum College University, Department of Biology, P.O Box 7388, Makkah 21955, Saudi Arabia
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15
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Cherian P, Bergfeld WF, Belsito DV, Hill RA, Klaassen CD, Liebler DC, Marks JG, Shank RC, Slaga TJ, Snyder PW, Fiume M, Heldreth B. Safety Assessment of Basic Red 76 as Used in Cosmetics. Int J Toxicol 2024:10915818241237795. [PMID: 38471901 DOI: 10.1177/10915818241237795] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 03/14/2024]
Abstract
The Expert Panel for Cosmetic Ingredient Safety (Panel) assessed the safety of Basic Red 76, which is reported to function in cosmetics as a hair colorant and hair-conditioning agent. The Panel reviewed the available data to determine the safety of this ingredient. The Panel concluded that Basic Red 76 is safe for use as a hair dye ingredient in the present practices of use and concentration described in the safety assessment.
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Affiliation(s)
- Priya Cherian
- Cosmetic Ingredient Review Senior Scientific Analyst/Writer
| | | | | | - Ronald A Hill
- Expert Panel for Cosmetic Ingredient Safety Former Member
| | | | | | - James G Marks
- Expert Panel for Cosmetic Ingredient Safety Former Member
| | - Ronald C Shank
- Expert Panel for Cosmetic Ingredient Safety Former Member
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16
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Becker LC, Cherian PA, Bergfeld WF, Belsito DV, Hill RA, Klaassen CD, Liebler DC, Marks JG, Shank RC, Slaga TJ, Snyder PW, Fiume M, Heldreth B. Safety Assessment of Hydrogen Peroxide as Used in Cosmetics. Int J Toxicol 2024:10915818241237790. [PMID: 38469819 DOI: 10.1177/10915818241237790] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 03/13/2024]
Abstract
The Expert Panel for Cosmetic Ingredient Safety (Panel) assessed the safety of Hydrogen Peroxide for use in cosmetics. This ingredient is reported to function in cosmetics as an antimicrobial agent, cosmetic biocide, oral health care agent, and oxidizing agent. The Panel reviewed the data relevant to the safety of this ingredient and concluded that Hydrogen Peroxide is safe in cosmetics in the present practices of use and concentration described in this safety assessment.
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Affiliation(s)
| | | | | | | | - Ronald A Hill
- Expert Panel for Cosmetic Ingredient Safety Former Member
| | | | | | - James G Marks
- Expert Panel for Cosmetic Ingredient Safety Former Member
| | - Ronald C Shank
- Expert Panel for Cosmetic Ingredient Safety Former Member
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17
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Cherian P, Bergfeld WF, Belsito DV, Cohen DE, Klaassen CD, Liebler DC, Marks JG, Peterson LA, Shank RC, Slaga TJ, Snyder PW, Fiume M, Heldreth B. Safety Assessment of Polysilicone-11 as Used in Cosmetics. Int J Toxicol 2024:10915818241237789. [PMID: 38471032 DOI: 10.1177/10915818241237789] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 03/14/2024]
Abstract
The Expert Panel for Cosmetic Ingredient Safety (Panel) assessed the safety of Polysilicone-11 as used in cosmetic formulations. This ingredient is reported to function as a film former. The Panel considered the available data and concluded that Polysilicone-11 is safe in cosmetics in the present practices of use and concentration described in this safety assessment.
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Affiliation(s)
- Priya Cherian
- Cosmetic Ingredient Review Senior Scientific Analyst/Writer
| | | | | | | | | | | | - James G Marks
- Expert Panel for Cosmetic Ingredient Safety Former Member
| | | | - Ronald C Shank
- Expert Panel for Cosmetic Ingredient Safety Former Member
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18
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Akinsulie A, Bergfeld WF, Belsito DV, Hill RA, Klaassen CD, Liebler DC, Marks JG, Shank RC, Slaga TJ, Snyder PW, Fiume M, Heldreth B. Safety Assessment of Hydroxyethyl Urea as Used in Cosmetics. Int J Toxicol 2024:10915818241237791. [PMID: 38465394 DOI: 10.1177/10915818241237791] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 03/12/2024]
Abstract
The Expert Panel for Cosmetic Ingredient Safety (Panel) assessed the safety of Hydroxyethyl Urea, which is reported to function as a humectant and a hair and skin conditioning agent. The Panel reviewed the available data to determine the safety of this ingredient. The Panel concluded that Hydroxyethyl Urea is safe in cosmetics in the present practices of use and concentration described in the safety assessment when formulated to be non-irritating.
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Affiliation(s)
| | | | | | - Ronald A Hill
- Cosmetic Ingredient Review Former Scientific Analyst/Writer
| | | | | | - James G Marks
- Cosmetic Ingredient Review Former Scientific Analyst/Writer
| | - Ronald C Shank
- Cosmetic Ingredient Review Former Scientific Analyst/Writer
| | - Thomas J Slaga
- Cosmetic Ingredient Review Former Scientific Analyst/Writer
| | - Paul W Snyder
- Cosmetic Ingredient Review Former Scientific Analyst/Writer
| | - Monice Fiume
- Cosmetic Ingredient Review Former Scientific Analyst/Writer
| | - Bart Heldreth
- Cosmetic Ingredient Review Former Scientific Analyst/Writer
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19
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Johnson W, Bergfeld WF, Belsito DV, Klaassen CD, Liebler DC, Marks JG, Peterson LA, Shank RC, Slaga TJ, Snyder PW, Fiume M, Heldreth B. Safety Assessment of Capryloyl Salicylic Acid as Used in Cosmetics. Int J Toxicol 2024:10915818241237794. [PMID: 38465458 DOI: 10.1177/10915818241237794] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 03/12/2024]
Abstract
The Expert Panel for Cosmetic Ingredient Safety (Panel) reassessed the safety of Capryloyl Salicylic Acid in cosmetic products; this ingredient is reported to function as a skin conditioning agent. The Panel reviewed relevant data relating to the safety of this ingredient in cosmetic formulations, and concluded that the available data are insufficient to make a determination that Capryloyl Salicylic Acid is safe under the intended conditions of use in cosmetic formulations.
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Affiliation(s)
- Wilbur Johnson
- Cosmetic Ingredient Review Former Senior Scientific Analyst/Writer
| | | | | | | | | | - James G Marks
- Expert Panel for Cosmetic Ingredient Safety Former Member
| | | | - Ronald C Shank
- Expert Panel for Cosmetic Ingredient Safety Former Member
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20
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Athadeu AMS, Câmara-Souza MB, Poluha RL, Soares VWHA, de Souza Nobre BB, Manso C, de Almeida AM, De la Torre Canales G. Comparison of the Effectiveness of Different Methods for Pain Reduction During Injection Procedures in the Frontalis Muscle. Aesthetic Plast Surg 2024; 48:999-1004. [PMID: 37202480 DOI: 10.1007/s00266-023-03399-8] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/08/2023] [Accepted: 04/30/2023] [Indexed: 05/20/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Forehead aesthetic injections are a well-known source of discomfort, and many analgesic non-invasive techniques have been proposed to ameliorate pain. However, no study has compared all these techniques for aesthetic purposes. Therefore, this study aimed to compare the effectiveness of topical cream anesthesia, vibratory stimulus, cryotherapy, pressure, and even no intervention, on pain during and immediately after injection, when considering aesthetic injections in the forehead. METHODS Seventy patients were selected and had their foreheads divided into 5 parts, which received four different analgesic techniques, and one control zone was added. A numeric rating scale was used to assess pain, two direct questions were asked to evaluate patients' preference and discomfort with the techniques, and the adverse events were quantified. The injections were performed in the same sequence, with three minutes of rest between them and in a single session. Comparisons among analgesic methods for pain relief were performed by the one-way analysis of variance (ANOVA), considering a significance level of 5%. RESULTS No significant differences were found among the analgesic methods, and between the methods and the control zone, both during and immediately after the injections (p > 0.05). The preferred method for pain relief was the use of topical anesthetic cream (47%), while the most uncomfortable technique was manual distraction (pressure) (36%). Only one patient reported an adverse event. CONCLUSIONS No analgesic method to diminish pain was superior to the others or was better than no method. Nevertheless, the topical anesthetic cream was the preferred technique, causing less discomfort. LEVEL OF EVIDENCE III This journal requires that authors assign a level of evidence to each article. For a full description of these Evidence-Based Medicine ratings, please refer to the Table of Contents or the online Instructions to Authors www.springer.com/00266 .
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Affiliation(s)
| | | | | | | | | | - Cristina Manso
- Clinical Research Unit (CRU) - Centro de Investigação Interdisciplinar Egas Moniz (CiiEM), Egas Moniz, Cooperativa de Ensino Superior, CRL, Egas Moniz School of Health & Science, Quinta da Granja, Monte de Caparica, Caparica, 2829-511, Portugal
| | - André Mariz de Almeida
- Clinical Research Unit (CRU) - Centro de Investigação Interdisciplinar Egas Moniz (CiiEM), Egas Moniz, Cooperativa de Ensino Superior, CRL, Egas Moniz School of Health & Science, Quinta da Granja, Monte de Caparica, Caparica, 2829-511, Portugal
| | - Giancarlo De la Torre Canales
- Ingá University Center, Uningá, Maringá, Paraná, Brazil.
- Clinical Research Unit (CRU) - Centro de Investigação Interdisciplinar Egas Moniz (CiiEM), Egas Moniz, Cooperativa de Ensino Superior, CRL, Egas Moniz School of Health & Science, Quinta da Granja, Monte de Caparica, Caparica, 2829-511, Portugal.
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21
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Gyamfi O, Aboko J, Ankapong E, Marfo JT, Awuah-Boateng NY, Sarpong K, Dartey E. A systematic review of heavy metals contamination in cosmetics. Cutan Ocul Toxicol 2024; 43:5-12. [PMID: 37916307 DOI: 10.1080/15569527.2023.2268197] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/27/2023] [Accepted: 10/02/2023] [Indexed: 11/03/2023]
Abstract
Background: Globally, the consumption and use of cosmetics have increased exponentially. The presence of hazardous metals raises worries about their potential long-term impacts on human health. Objective: This review's primary goal is to shed light on the presence and ranges of heavy metal concentrations in diverse cosmetic samples as well as the instrumental techniques used by various authors to analyse the hazardous metals in the articles under evaluation. Methodology: This analysis concentrated on 16 publications that measured the levels of heavy metals like lead, cadmium, iron, nickel, chromium, and mercury in various cosmetic samples that were published between the years 2012 and 2020. Results: The study's findings support the existence of these metals as pollutants or components in cosmetics, both of which pose substantial health hazards. The regulations and acceptable limits vary across different countries, which is a significant challenge for the cosmetic industry. Conclusion: Therefore, there is a pressing need to standardise the acceptable limits of these toxic metals in cosmetics. Instrumental techniques such as AAS, GFAAS, ICP-OES/ICP-AES, and ICP-MS were employed by Researchers to analyse the toxic metals in cosmetics.
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Affiliation(s)
- Opoku Gyamfi
- Department of Chemistry Education, Faculty of Science Education, Akenten Appiah-Menka University of Skills Training and Entrepreneurial Development, Asante Mampong, Ghana
| | - James Aboko
- Department of Chemistry Education, Faculty of Science Education, Akenten Appiah-Menka University of Skills Training and Entrepreneurial Development, Asante Mampong, Ghana
| | - Edward Ankapong
- Department of Chemistry Education, Faculty of Science Education, Akenten Appiah-Menka University of Skills Training and Entrepreneurial Development, Asante Mampong, Ghana
| | - Jemima Tiwaa Marfo
- Department of Chemistry Education, Faculty of Science Education, Akenten Appiah-Menka University of Skills Training and Entrepreneurial Development, Asante Mampong, Ghana
| | - Nana Yaa Awuah-Boateng
- Department of Public Health, Akenten Appiah-Menka University of Skills Training and Entrepreneurial Development, Asante Mampong, Ghana
| | - Kofi Sarpong
- Department of Chemistry Education, Faculty of Science Education, Akenten Appiah-Menka University of Skills Training and Entrepreneurial Development, Asante Mampong, Ghana
| | - Emmanuel Dartey
- Department of Chemistry Education, Faculty of Science Education, Akenten Appiah-Menka University of Skills Training and Entrepreneurial Development, Asante Mampong, Ghana
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22
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Meirelles JV, de Almeida RF, Morgado AJ, de Castro TB, Rocha RCC, Hauser-Davis RA, Saint'Pierre TD. Metal and metalloid content, bioavailability and sorption processes in glitter and raw glitter materials and associations with human and ecological risk concerns. J Trace Elem Med Biol 2024; 82:127350. [PMID: 38134493 DOI: 10.1016/j.jtemb.2023.127350] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/04/2023] [Revised: 11/24/2023] [Accepted: 11/30/2023] [Indexed: 12/24/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Microplastics comprise a significant group of emerging environmental contaminants with the capacity to adsorb several contaminants. These, in turn, undergo bioaccumulation and biomagnification processes throughout aquatic trophic chains. METHODS Glitter, a microplastic powder composed of a combination of polymers, and raw glitter materials were investigated herein concerning metal and metalloid content, bioavailability, and sorption processes by inductively coupled plasma mass spectrometry (ICP-MS). RESULTS Metal and metalloid concentrations were higher in glitter than in raw glitter materials, but all were below the limits established by the Brazilian National Health Surveillance Agency. Elements present in glitter originate mainly from pigments and, thus, depend on glitter color. The bioavailability of the determined elements concerning human skin was assessed. Low desorbed concentrations in solution indicate that glitter does not represent a health risk through dermal contact concerning metal and metalloid contamination. However, several elements were shown to undergo significant desorption and adsorption processes. CONCLUSION The findings reported herein indicate seemingly low human health risks from dermal glitter contact but reinforce glitter risks as aquatic environment metal and metalloid transport vectors.
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Affiliation(s)
- J V Meirelles
- Departamento de Química, Pontifícia Universidade Católica do Rio de Janeiro (PUC-Rio), Gávea, CEP 22453-900 Rio de Janeiro, RJ, Brazil
| | - R F de Almeida
- Departamento de Química, Pontifícia Universidade Católica do Rio de Janeiro (PUC-Rio), Gávea, CEP 22453-900 Rio de Janeiro, RJ, Brazil
| | - A J Morgado
- Departamento de Química, Pontifícia Universidade Católica do Rio de Janeiro (PUC-Rio), Gávea, CEP 22453-900 Rio de Janeiro, RJ, Brazil
| | - T B de Castro
- Departamento de Química, Pontifícia Universidade Católica do Rio de Janeiro (PUC-Rio), Gávea, CEP 22453-900 Rio de Janeiro, RJ, Brazil
| | - R C C Rocha
- Departamento de Química, Pontifícia Universidade Católica do Rio de Janeiro (PUC-Rio), Gávea, CEP 22453-900 Rio de Janeiro, RJ, Brazil
| | - R A Hauser-Davis
- Laboratório de Avaliação e Promoção da Saúde Ambiental, Instituto Oswaldo Cruz, Fundação Oswaldo Cruz, Av. Brasil, 4.365, Manguinhos, Rio de Janeiro, Brazil.
| | - T D Saint'Pierre
- Departamento de Química, Pontifícia Universidade Católica do Rio de Janeiro (PUC-Rio), Gávea, CEP 22453-900 Rio de Janeiro, RJ, Brazil.
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23
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Chithambharan A, Pottail L, Sharma SC, Mirle RM, Rajalakshmi R, Ponnusamy A. Conventional and Scientific uses of Rice-washed water: A Systematic Review. J Food Sci Technol 2024; 61:414-428. [PMID: 38327867 PMCID: PMC10844178 DOI: 10.1007/s13197-023-05722-2] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Revised: 02/09/2023] [Accepted: 03/06/2023] [Indexed: 03/19/2023]
Abstract
Rice is considered the king of cereals. It is the only cereal that is being consumed by half of the population in the world. Rice and rice products have potential health benefits. One such rice aided product is rice washed water which is discussed in this article. Rice-washed water, which is commonly regarded as waste water and discarded, is a rich source of minerals and nutrients. The processing of rice washed water, nutritional analysis; edible fungi productions are detailed in this review. The article goes into detail about rice-washed water, which has been used for various purposes since our ancestors' time. The article provides a comprehensive report on the uses of rice-washed water in plant growth, Ayurveda, food, Cosmetics and a variety of other applications. Rice washed water is being utilized for various ailments since primitive times. The detailed report on the treatment utilizing rice washed water is also provided in this article. There are scarce researches with rice washed water, this article address the conventional uses of rice washed water, which can be taken up by the research community which needs more scientific validation. This review article also includes details about the composition and a variety of other important information about rice-washed water. Supplementary Information The online version contains supplementary material available at 10.1007/s13197-023-05722-2.
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Affiliation(s)
- Akhila Chithambharan
- Department of Chemistry, Avinashilingam Institute for Home Science and Higher Education for Women, Coimbatore, Tamil Nadu India
| | - Lalitha Pottail
- Department of Chemistry, Avinashilingam Institute for Home Science and Higher Education for Women, Coimbatore, Tamil Nadu India
| | - S. C. Sharma
- National Assessment and Accreditation Council, Bangalore, India
| | - Rekha Manjunath Mirle
- Department of Chemistry, SoS, B-II, Jain (Deemed to be University), Bangalore, India
| | - R. Rajalakshmi
- Department of Chemistry, Avinashilingam Institute for Home Science and Higher Education for Women, Coimbatore, Tamil Nadu India
| | - Aruna Ponnusamy
- Department of Chemistry, Avinashilingam Institute for Home Science and Higher Education for Women, Coimbatore, Tamil Nadu India
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24
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Valente J, Palmeira-de-Oliveira R, Guiomar L, Vaz C, Rolo J, Gaspar C, Oliveira AS, Caramelo D, Breitenfeld L, Gonçalves JC, Delgado F, Martinez-de-Oliveira J, Palmeira-de-Oliveira A. Humulus lupulus aqueous extract and hydrolate as a potential ingredient for cosmetics: Chemical characterization and in vitro antimicrobial, cytotoxicity, antioxidant, and anti-inflammatory assessment. Fitoterapia 2024:105861. [PMID: 38354824 DOI: 10.1016/j.fitote.2024.105861] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/10/2023] [Revised: 01/21/2024] [Accepted: 02/11/2024] [Indexed: 02/16/2024]
Abstract
Humulus lupulus extracts have in their composition different molecules, such as polyphenols, α-acids, β-acids, and hydrocarbons, which contribute to the plant's medicinal properties. These molecules are associated with antimicrobial, antioxidant, and anti-inflammatory activities. OBJECTIVE This work focuses on the evaluation of H. lupulus biological activities, with the aim of evaluating its potential for inclusion in cosmetic formulations. METHODS Two distinct aqueous extracts and two hydrolates obtained via hydrodistillation were evaluated. These include the flower parts (FE, FH) and the mix of aboveground parts (ME, MH). The chemical profiles for both aqueous extracts and hydrolates were identified by high performance liquid chromatography (HPLC) and gas chromatography-mass spectrometry (GC-MS). Antimicrobial, antioxidant, cytotoxicity, and anti-inflammatory activity were tested in vitro using standard methods. RESULTS Rutin was the major compound found in FE (40.041 μg mg-1 of extract) and ME (2.909 μg mg-1 of extract), while humulenol II and was the most abundant compound in hydrolates (FH: 20.83%; MH: 46.80%). Furthermore, FE was able to inhibit the growth of Staphylococcus aureus and Staphylococcus epidermis with MIC values of 50% and 25% (v/v), respectively. FH showed the same effect Staphylococcus aureus (50% v/v). FH evidenced poor antioxidant potential in DPPH scavenging test, it demonstrated significant antioxidant and anti-inflammatory effects by reducing (***p < 0.001) intracellular reactive oxygen species (ROS), NO (nitric oxide) levels (***p < 0.001) and cyclooxygenase-2 (COX-2) protein expression (***p < 0.001) in lipopolysaccharide (LPS)-stimulated macrophages. Nevertheless, it is important to note that FH exhibited cytotoxicity at high concentrations in 3 T3 fibroblasts and RAW macrophages. CONCLUSION The studied H. lupulus aqueous extracts and hydrolates revealed that FH stands out as the most promising bioactive source for cosmetic formulations. However, future research addressing antimicrobial activity is necessary to confirm its potential incorporation into dermatological and cosmetic formulations.
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Affiliation(s)
- João Valente
- CICS-UBI: Health Sciences Research Center, Faculty of Health Sciences, University of Beira Interior, Covilhã, Portugal
| | - Rita Palmeira-de-Oliveira
- CICS-UBI: Health Sciences Research Center, Faculty of Health Sciences, University of Beira Interior, Covilhã, Portugal; Faculdade de Ciências da Saúde, University of Beira Interior, Covilhã, Portugal; Labfit-HPRD:Health Products Research and Development Lda, Covilhã, Portugal
| | - Liliana Guiomar
- CICS-UBI: Health Sciences Research Center, Faculty of Health Sciences, University of Beira Interior, Covilhã, Portugal; Faculdade de Ciências da Saúde, University of Beira Interior, Covilhã, Portugal
| | - Cátia Vaz
- CICS-UBI: Health Sciences Research Center, Faculty of Health Sciences, University of Beira Interior, Covilhã, Portugal; Faculdade de Ciências da Saúde, University of Beira Interior, Covilhã, Portugal
| | - Joana Rolo
- CICS-UBI: Health Sciences Research Center, Faculty of Health Sciences, University of Beira Interior, Covilhã, Portugal
| | - Carlos Gaspar
- CICS-UBI: Health Sciences Research Center, Faculty of Health Sciences, University of Beira Interior, Covilhã, Portugal; Faculdade de Ciências da Saúde, University of Beira Interior, Covilhã, Portugal; Labfit-HPRD:Health Products Research and Development Lda, Covilhã, Portugal
| | - Ana Sofia Oliveira
- CICS-UBI: Health Sciences Research Center, Faculty of Health Sciences, University of Beira Interior, Covilhã, Portugal; Faculdade de Ciências da Saúde, University of Beira Interior, Covilhã, Portugal
| | - Débora Caramelo
- Escola Superior Agrária do Instituto Politécnico de Castelo Branco, Portugal; CERNAS: Research Center for Natural Resources, Environment and Society, Agriculture Science Research Group, Castelo Branco, Portugal
| | - Luiza Breitenfeld
- CICS-UBI: Health Sciences Research Center, Faculty of Health Sciences, University of Beira Interior, Covilhã, Portugal; Faculdade de Ciências da Saúde, University of Beira Interior, Covilhã, Portugal
| | - José Carlos Gonçalves
- Escola Superior Agrária do Instituto Politécnico de Castelo Branco, Portugal; CERNAS: Research Center for Natural Resources, Environment and Society, Agriculture Science Research Group, Castelo Branco, Portugal; Centro de Biotecnologia de Plantas da Beira Interior, Castelo Branco, Portugal
| | - Fernanda Delgado
- Escola Superior Agrária do Instituto Politécnico de Castelo Branco, Portugal; CERNAS: Research Center for Natural Resources, Environment and Society, Agriculture Science Research Group, Castelo Branco, Portugal; Centro de Biotecnologia de Plantas da Beira Interior, Castelo Branco, Portugal
| | - José Martinez-de-Oliveira
- CICS-UBI: Health Sciences Research Center, Faculty of Health Sciences, University of Beira Interior, Covilhã, Portugal
| | - Ana Palmeira-de-Oliveira
- CICS-UBI: Health Sciences Research Center, Faculty of Health Sciences, University of Beira Interior, Covilhã, Portugal; Faculdade de Ciências da Saúde, University of Beira Interior, Covilhã, Portugal; Labfit-HPRD:Health Products Research and Development Lda, Covilhã, Portugal.
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25
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Cherian P, Bergfeld WF, Belsito DV, Klaassen CD, Liebler DC, Marks JG, Peterson LA, Shank RC, Slaga TJ, Snyder PW, Fiume M, Heldreth B. Safety Assessment of Soy-Derived Ingredients as Used in Cosmetics. Int J Toxicol 2024:10915818241231249. [PMID: 38342963 DOI: 10.1177/10915818241231249] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/13/2024]
Abstract
The Expert Panel for Cosmetic Ingredient Safety (Panel) reviewed the safety of 28 soy-derived ingredients as used in cosmetic products. These ingredients are reported to primarily function as antioxidants, skin protectants, skin-conditioning agents, and hair-conditioning agents. The Panel considered the available data relating to the safety of these ingredients in cosmetic formulations, and concluded that 24 of the 28 soy-derived ingredients are safe in cosmetics in the present practices of use and concentration described in this safety assessment. The Panel also concluded that the available data are insufficient to make a determination that Glycine Max (Soybean) Callus Culture, Glycine Max (Soybean) Callus Culture Extract, Glycine Max (Soybean) Callus Extract, and Glycine Max (Soybean) Phytoplacenta Conditioned Media are safe under the intended conditions of use in cosmetic formulations.
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Affiliation(s)
- Priya Cherian
- Cosmetic Ingredient Review Senior Scientific Analyst/Writer
| | | | | | | | | | - James G Marks
- Expert Panel for Cosmetic Ingredient Safety Former Member
| | | | - Ronald C Shank
- Expert Panel for Cosmetic Ingredient Safety Former Member
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García-Mesa JC, Morales-Benítez I, Montoro-Leal P, López Guerrero MM, Vereda Alonso EI. sp-ICP-MS and HR-CS-GFAAS as useful available techniques for the size characterization and speciation of ionic and nanoparticular zinc in cosmetic and pharmaceutical samples. Talanta 2024; 268:125360. [PMID: 37913598 DOI: 10.1016/j.talanta.2023.125360] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/01/2023] [Revised: 10/16/2023] [Accepted: 10/26/2023] [Indexed: 11/03/2023]
Abstract
The use of zinc oxide nanoparticles (ZnO NPs) in cosmetic and pharmaceutical industry has been increased in recent years due to their good properties as solar radiation filters and antibacterial agent. According to the literature, the potential toxicity of these NPs could be size-dependent and the amount of solubilized metal. This work investigates new reliable and straightforward methodologies that enables the determination of ZnO NPs, discriminating them from ionic zinc in cosmetic samples. Two different techniques of analysis have been applied in this study: high-resolution continuum source graphite furnace atomic absorption spectrometry (HR-CS-GFAAS), and "single particle" inductively coupled plasma mass spectrometry (sp-ICP-MS). Triton X-100 has been used as a surfactant for the formation of homogeneous and stable slurries which allowed the determination of the concentration and sizes of ZnO NPs and Zn2+ in baby creams, eyeshadows, and lotions. A central composite design (CCD) was performed for the two techniques to optimize the concentration of Triton X-100 and sonication time. For validation purpose, the results of Zn2+ and ZnO NPs contents achieved by HR-CS-GFAAS were compared with the total Zn content obtained by acid digestion of the samples. A size comparison of the ZnO NPs was also carried out with the data obtained through the two methodologies and validated with transmission electron microscopy (TEM). In the case of TEM analysis, two different media were tried to study possible agglomerates and interactions between the particles and the matrix.
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Affiliation(s)
- J C García-Mesa
- Department of Analytical Chemistry, Faculty of Sciences, University of Malaga, 29071, Málaga, Spain
| | - I Morales-Benítez
- Department of Analytical Chemistry, Faculty of Sciences, University of Malaga, 29071, Málaga, Spain
| | - P Montoro-Leal
- Department of Analytical Chemistry, Faculty of Sciences, University of Malaga, 29071, Málaga, Spain
| | - M M López Guerrero
- Department of Analytical Chemistry, Faculty of Sciences, University of Malaga, 29071, Málaga, Spain.
| | - E I Vereda Alonso
- Department of Analytical Chemistry, Faculty of Sciences, University of Malaga, 29071, Málaga, Spain.
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Wu Q, Zhang P, Zhou G, Fu Q, Bai R, Ding H, Meng F, Xu X, Chen M. Impact of SARS-CoV-2 Vaccination or Infection on the Safety and Efficacy of Aesthetic Injections: A Systematic Review. Aesthetic Plast Surg 2024:10.1007/s00266-023-03769-2. [PMID: 38302710 DOI: 10.1007/s00266-023-03769-2] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/02/2023] [Accepted: 11/17/2023] [Indexed: 02/03/2024]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Aesthetic injections have become increasingly popular for maintaining a youthful appearance. However, with the rise of SARS-CoV-2, there have been concerns about potential complications. This study aims to summarize and understand the complications that occur in individuals who have received cosmetic injections after SARS-CoV-2 infection or vaccination. By doing so, we hope to provide recommendations to minimize these complications and ensure the safety of aesthetic treatments in the current COVID-19 era. METHODS The PRISMA guidelines, the Preferred Reporting Program for Systematic Reviews and Meta-Analyses, were used for this review. Databases including PubMed, EMBASE, Medline, Web of Science and ScienceDirect were searched. The last search time of each database was May 10, 2023. In addition, relevant references were manually searched. RESULTS A total of 26 studies containing 139 patients were searched. The complication with the highest percentage of reported patients was delayed inflammatory response (DIR) (n = 68; 48.92%), followed by diminished efficacy (n = 45; 32.37%) and filler reaction (n = 12; 8.63%). The remaining complications include hypersensitivity reactions, symptomatic hypercalcemia, sub-acute hypersensitive reactions, hyperalgesia, infection, fat necrosis and granulomatous reaction. CONCLUSIONS Cosmetic injectable procedures are generally safe but may have adverse effects, particularly during the pandemic. It is important for individuals to fully understand these risks beforehand. Clinicians should be knowledgeable about adverse event mechanisms and management to prevent issues. Industry leaders should strengthen risk management efforts to ensure safe and steady development of cosmetic injections. Overall, a comprehensive understanding, effective communication and risk management are crucial for the safe use of cosmetic injectable procedures. LEVEL OF EVIDENCE III This journal requires that authors assign a level of evidence to each article. For a full description of these Evidence-Based Medicine ratings, please refer to the Table of Contents or the online Instructions to Authors at www.springer.com/00266 .
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Affiliation(s)
- Qian Wu
- Department of Medical Service, The Sixth Medical Center of Chinese PLA General Hospital, Beijing, China
- Department of Plastic and Reconstructive Surgery, Senior Department of Burns and Plastic Surgery, The Forth Medical Center of Chinese PLA General Hospital, No. 51 Fucheng Road, Haidian District, Beijing, 10048, China
| | - Peixuan Zhang
- Department of Plastic and Reconstructive Surgery, Senior Department of Burns and Plastic Surgery, The Forth Medical Center of Chinese PLA General Hospital, No. 51 Fucheng Road, Haidian District, Beijing, 10048, China
| | - Guiwen Zhou
- Department of Plastic and Reconstructive Surgery, Senior Department of Burns and Plastic Surgery, The Forth Medical Center of Chinese PLA General Hospital, No. 51 Fucheng Road, Haidian District, Beijing, 10048, China
| | - Qiang Fu
- Department of Plastic and Reconstructive Surgery, Senior Department of Burns and Plastic Surgery, The Forth Medical Center of Chinese PLA General Hospital, No. 51 Fucheng Road, Haidian District, Beijing, 10048, China
| | - Ruiqi Bai
- Department of Plastic and Reconstructive Surgery, Senior Department of Burns and Plastic Surgery, The Forth Medical Center of Chinese PLA General Hospital, No. 51 Fucheng Road, Haidian District, Beijing, 10048, China
| | - Hongfan Ding
- Department of Plastic and Reconstructive Surgery, Senior Department of Burns and Plastic Surgery, The Forth Medical Center of Chinese PLA General Hospital, No. 51 Fucheng Road, Haidian District, Beijing, 10048, China
| | - Fanting Meng
- Department of Plastic and Reconstructive Surgery, Senior Department of Burns and Plastic Surgery, The Forth Medical Center of Chinese PLA General Hospital, No. 51 Fucheng Road, Haidian District, Beijing, 10048, China
| | - Xiao Xu
- Department of Ophthalmology, The Third Medical Center of Chinese PLA General Hospital, No. 69 Yongding Road, Haidian District, Beijing, 100039, China.
| | - Minliang Chen
- Department of Plastic and Reconstructive Surgery, Senior Department of Burns and Plastic Surgery, The Forth Medical Center of Chinese PLA General Hospital, No. 51 Fucheng Road, Haidian District, Beijing, 10048, China.
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28
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Burnett CL, Bergfeld WF, Belsito DV, Hill RA, Klaassen CD, Liebler DC, Marks JG, Shank RC, Slaga TJ, Snyder PW, Fiume M, Heldreth B. Safety Assessment of Ginkgo biloba-Derived Ingredients as Used in Cosmetics. Int J Toxicol 2024; 43:64S-81S. [PMID: 37930133 DOI: 10.1177/10915818231210792] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/07/2023]
Abstract
The Expert Panel for Cosmetic Ingredient Safety (Panel) assessed the safety of 10 Ginkgo biloba-derived ingredients, which are most frequently reported to function in cosmetics as skin conditioning agents or antioxidants. The Panel reviewed the available data to determine the safety of these ingredients. Because final product formulations may contain multiple botanicals, each containing the same constituents of concern, formulators are advised to be aware of these constituents and to avoid reaching levels that may be hazardous to consumers. The Panel was concerned about the presence of ginkgolic acid in cosmetics. Industry should use good manufacturing practices to limit impurities. The Panel concluded that 5 Ginkgo biloba leaf-derived ingredients are safe in the present practices of use and concentration described in this safety assessment when formulated to be non-sensitizing; data are insufficient to determine the safety of the remaining 5 ingredients under the intended conditions of use in cosmetic formulations.
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Affiliation(s)
| | | | | | - Ronald A Hill
- Expert Panel for Cosmetic Ingredient Safety Former Member
| | | | | | - James G Marks
- Expert Panel for Cosmetic Ingredient Safety Former Member
| | - Ronald C Shank
- Expert Panel for Cosmetic Ingredient Safety Former Member
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29
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Burnett CL, Bergfeld WF, Belsito DV, Hill RA, Klaassen CD, Liebler DC, Marks JG, Shank RC, Slaga TJ, Snyder PW, Fiume M, Heldreth B. Safety Assessment of Butyrospermum parkii (Shea)-Derived Ingredients as Used in Cosmetics. Int J Toxicol 2024; 43:82S-95S. [PMID: 38166445 DOI: 10.1177/10915818231224230] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/04/2024]
Abstract
The Expert Panel for Cosmetic Ingredient Safety (Panel) assessed the safety of 13 Butyrospermum parkii (shea)-derived ingredients, which are most frequently reported to function in cosmetics as skin and hair conditioning agents. The Panel reviewed the available data to determine the safety of these ingredients. Because final product formulations may contain multiple botanicals, each containing similar constituents of concern, formulators are advised to be aware of these constituents and to avoid reaching levels that may be hazardous to consumers. Industry should use good manufacturing practices to limit impurities that could be present in botanical ingredients. The Panel concluded that these ingredients are safe in the present practices of use and concentration when formulated to be non-sensitizing.
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Affiliation(s)
| | | | | | - Ronald A Hill
- Expert Panel for Cosmetic Ingredient Safety Former Member
| | | | | | - James G Marks
- Expert Panel for Cosmetic Ingredient Safety Former Member
| | - Ronald C Shank
- Expert Panel for Cosmetic Ingredient Safety Former Member
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30
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Fiume MM, Bergfeld WF, Belsito DV, Hill RA, Klaassen CD, Liebler DC, Marks JG, Shank RC, Slaga TJ, Snyder PW, Gill LJ, Heldreth B. Safety Assessment of Trialkyl Trimellitates as Used in Cosmetics. Int J Toxicol 2024; 43:96S-120S. [PMID: 38158838 DOI: 10.1177/10915818231224248] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/03/2024]
Abstract
The Expert Panel for Cosmetic Ingredient Safety (Panel) assessed the safety of 5 trialkyl trimellitates. These ingredients, which are all structurally related as alkyl esters of trimellitic acid, are reported to function in cosmetics as skin conditioning agents; 2 of the ingredients are also reported to function in cosmetics as plasticizers. The Panel reviewed the available data to determine the safety of these ingredients, and concluded that the trialkyl trimellitates are safe in the current practices of use and concentration when formulated to be non-irritating.
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Affiliation(s)
| | | | | | - Ronald A Hill
- Expert Panel for Cosmetic Ingredient Safety Former Member
| | | | | | - James G Marks
- Expert Panel for Cosmetic Ingredient Safety Former Member
| | - Ronald C Shank
- Expert Panel for Cosmetic Ingredient Safety Former Member
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31
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Burnett CL, Bergfeld WF, Belsito DV, Hill RA, Klaassen CD, Liebler DC, Marks JG, Shank RC, Slaga TJ, Snyder PW, Fiume M, Heldreth B. Safety Assessment of Alkyl Sultaines as Used in Cosmetics. Int J Toxicol 2024; 43:30S-49S. [PMID: 38127844 DOI: 10.1177/10915818231221791] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/23/2023]
Abstract
The Expert Panel for Cosmetic Ingredient Safety (Panel) assessed the safety of 13 alkyl sultaines, which are most frequently reported to function in cosmetics as antistatic agents, surfactants, and skin and hair conditioning agents. The Panel reviewed the available data to determine the safety of these ingredients. The Panel noted gaps in the available safety data for some of the alkyl sultaines in this safety assessment; the available data on some of the ingredients are sufficient, however, and can be read across to support the safety of other members of the group. The Panel concluded that these alkyl sultaines are safe in cosmetics in the present practices of use and concentration described in this safety assessment.
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Affiliation(s)
| | | | | | - Ronald A Hill
- Expert Panel for Cosmetic Ingredient Safety Former Member
| | | | | | - James G Marks
- Expert Panel for Cosmetic Ingredient Safety Former Member
| | - Ronald C Shank
- Expert Panel for Cosmetic Ingredient Safety Former Member
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32
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Becker L, Boyer I, Bergfeld WF, Belsito DV, Hill RA, Klaassen CD, Liebler DC, Marks JG, Shank RC, Slaga TJ, Snyder PW, Fiume M, Heldreth B. Safety Assessment of Hops as Used in Cosmetics. Int J Toxicol 2024; 43:5S-29S. [PMID: 38126727 DOI: 10.1177/10915818231221796] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/23/2023]
Abstract
The Expert Panel for Cosmetic Ingredient Safety (Panel) assessed the safety of Humulus Lupulus (Hops) Extract (reported functions include antimicrobial agent and hair conditioning agent) and Humulus Lupulus (Hops) Oil (reported function is fragrance). The Panel reviewed the relevant data related to these ingredients. Because final product formulations may contain multiple botanicals, each containing the same constituents of concern, formulators are advised to be aware of these constituents and to avoid reaching levels that may be hazardous to consumers. For these ingredients, the Panel was concerned about the presence of 8-prenylnaringenin, β-myrcene, and quercetin in cosmetics, which could result in estrogenic effects, dermal irritation, and genotoxicity, respectively. Industry should use current good manufacturing practices to limit impurities and constituents of concern. The Panel concluded that Humulus Lupulus (Hops) Extract and Humulus Lupulus (Hops) Oil are safe in cosmetics in the present practices of use and concentration when formulated to be non-sensitizing.
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Affiliation(s)
- Lillian Becker
- Cosmetic Ingredient Review Former Scientific Analyst/Writer
| | - Ivan Boyer
- Cosmetic Ingredient Review Former Toxicologist
| | | | | | - Ronald A Hill
- Expert Panel for Cosmetic Ingredient Safety Former Member
| | | | | | - James G Marks
- Expert Panel for Cosmetic Ingredient Safety Former Member
| | - Ronald C Shank
- Expert Panel for Cosmetic Ingredient Safety Former Member
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33
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Saha SC, Saha G. Effect of microplastics deposition on human lung airways: A review with computational benefits and challenges. Heliyon 2024; 10:e24355. [PMID: 38293398 PMCID: PMC10826726 DOI: 10.1016/j.heliyon.2024.e24355] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/12/2023] [Revised: 11/09/2023] [Accepted: 01/08/2024] [Indexed: 02/01/2024] Open
Abstract
Microplastics have become omnipresent in the environment, including the air we inhale, the water we consume, and the food we eat. Despite limited research, the accumulation of microplastics within the human respiratory system has garnered considerable interest because of its potential implications for health. This review offers a comprehensive examination of the impacts stemming from the accumulation of microplastics on human lung airways and explores the computational benefits and challenges associated with studying this phenomenon. The existence of microplastics in the respiratory system can lead to a range of adverse effects. Research has indicated that microplastics can induce inflammation, oxidative stress, and impaired lung function. Furthermore, the small size of microplastics allows them to penetrate deep into the lungs, reaching the alveoli, where gas exchange takes place. This raises concerns about long-term health consequences, such as the development of respiratory diseases and the potential for translocation to other organs. Computational approaches have been instrumental in understanding the impact of microplastic deposition on human lung airways. Computational models and simulations enable the investigation of particle dynamics, deposition patterns, and interaction mechanisms at various levels of complexity. However, studying microplastics in the lung airways using computational methods presents several challenges. The complex anatomy and physiological processes of the respiratory system require accurate representation in computational models. Obtaining relevant data for model validation and parameterization remains a significant hurdle. Additionally, the diverse nature of microplastics, including variations in size, shape, and chemical composition, poses challenges in capturing their full range of behaviours and potential toxicological effects.
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Affiliation(s)
- Suvash C. Saha
- School of Mechanical and Mechatronic Engineering, University of Technology Sydney, NSW, 2007, Australia
| | - Goutam Saha
- Department of Mathematics, University of Dhaka, Dhaka, 1000, Bangladesh
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34
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Saharawat S, Verma S. A Comprehensive Review on Niosomes as a Strategy in Targeted Drug Delivery: Pharmaceutical, and Herbal Cosmetic Applications. Curr Drug Deliv 2024; 21:CDD-EPUB-137368. [PMID: 38231066 DOI: 10.2174/0115672018269199231121055548] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/24/2023] [Revised: 09/11/2023] [Accepted: 09/27/2023] [Indexed: 01/18/2024]
Abstract
Niosomes are newly developed, self-assembling sac-like transporters that deliver medication at a specific site in a focused manner, increasing availability in the body and prolonging healing effects. Niosome discovery has increased drugs' therapeutic effectiveness while also reducing adverse effects. This article aims to concentrate on the increase in the worldwide utilization of niosomal formulation. This overview presents a thorough perspective of niosomal investigation up until now, encompassing categories and production techniques, their significance in pharmaceutical transportation, and cosmetic use. The thorough literature review revealed that extensive attention has been given to developing nanocarriers for drug delivery as they hold immense endeavor to attain targeted delivery to the affected area simultaneously shielding the adjacent healthy tissue. Many reviews and research papers have been published that demonstrate the interest of scientists in niosomes. Phytoconstituents, which possess antioxidant, antibiotic, anti-inflammatory, wound healing, anti-acne, and skin whitening properties, are also encapsulated into niosome. Their flexibility allows for the incorporation of various therapeutic agents, including small molecules, proteins, and peptides making them adaptable for different types of drugs. Niosomes can be modified with ligands, enhancing their targeting capabilities. A flexible drug delivery mechanism provided by non-ionic vesicles, which are self-assembling vesicular nano-carriers created from hydrating non-ionic surfactant, cholesterol, or amphiphilic compounds along comprehensive applications such as transdermal and brain-targeted delivery.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sakshi Saharawat
- Noida Institute of Engineering and Technology (Pharmacy Institute) Greater Noida- 201306
| | - Sushma Verma
- Noida Institute of Engineering and Technology (Pharmacy Institute) Greater Noida- 201306
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35
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Couteau C, Philippe A, Galharret JM, Metay E, Coiffard L. UV filters in everyday cosmetic products, a comparative study. Environ Sci Pollut Res Int 2024; 31:2976-2986. [PMID: 38079041 DOI: 10.1007/s11356-023-31330-w] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/05/2023] [Accepted: 11/28/2023] [Indexed: 01/18/2024]
Abstract
Today, UV filters are found as contaminants in a variety of biological fluids and environment, e.g. in vegetable crops and surface water. This is because UV filters are widely used in everyday products. In this context, we focused this study on cosmetic products, in order to assess the importance of this source of contamination. The study of 742 cosmetic products, excluding actual sunscreen products, but including hygiene, personal care and make-up products and perfumes revealed that the most common UV filters present are butyl methoxydibenzoylmethane (90 products or 12.1% of products tested), octyl methoxycinnamate (75 products or 10.1% of products tested), octocrylene (62 products or 8.3% of products tested), octyl salicylate (43 products or 5.8% of products tested) and titanium dioxide (33 products or 4.4% of products tested). Very few UV filters are found in the hygiene products (only in 12 shampoos/conditioners and in 2 shower gels) and deodorants and toothpastes are completely free of them. Conversely, make-up and perfumes are frequently formulated with at least one UV filter. Seventy-five of the two hundred and forty-four (or 30.7%) skincare products studied contained at least one UV filter. 49.1 of the makeup products studied and 74.3% of perfumes contained it.
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Affiliation(s)
- Céline Couteau
- Faculté de Pharmacie, Université de Nantes, 9 rue Bias, 44000, Nantes, France
| | - Anne Philippe
- Université de Nantes - Laboratoire de Mathématiques Jean Leray, UMR CNRS 6629, Faculté des Sciences et des Techniques, 2 rue de la Houssinière, BP 92208, 44322 cedex 3, Nantes, France
| | - Jean-Michel Galharret
- Université de Nantes - Laboratoire de Mathématiques Jean Leray, UMR CNRS 6629, Faculté des Sciences et des Techniques, 2 rue de la Houssinière, BP 92208, 44322 cedex 3, Nantes, France
| | - Emilie Metay
- Faculté de Pharmacie, Université de Nantes, 9 rue Bias, 44000, Nantes, France
| | - Laurence Coiffard
- Faculté de Pharmacie, Université de Nantes, 9 rue Bias, 44000, Nantes, France.
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36
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Nydrioti I, Moutsaki MM, Leounakis N, Grigoropoulou H. Implementation of the water footprint as a water performance indicator in industrial manufacturing units located in Greece: challenges and prospects. Environ Sci Pollut Res Int 2024; 31:803-819. [PMID: 38017213 DOI: 10.1007/s11356-023-31145-9] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/13/2023] [Accepted: 11/16/2023] [Indexed: 11/30/2023]
Abstract
Global water resources are under great pressure, so sustainable water and wastewater management is essential for every industrial unit. The water footprint (WF) is a multidimensional indicator of volumetric water use and pollution and is applied throughout the production cycle from the supply chain to the end user. The state-of-the art method of calculating the direct (operational) WF requires detailed records of water consumption and wastewater production per process, that are usually not available. In order to effectively implement the indicator, modifications to the standard calculation method are usually necessary, to meet the requirements and characteristics of each production unit. The present study focuses in three production units in Greece (i.e., cement, brewery, and natural cosmetics) and analyzes the modifications and assumptions required for the operational WF assessment, calculated for each production process where possible and for the whole unit. The WF assessment performed for the three case studies showed that both water consumption rates and operational WFs are within the lowest values (4.7 hL water/hL beer for brewery case study and 0.155 L/kg cement for cement case study) of the ranges reported in the international literature (4-8.8 hL water/hL beer and 0.14-0.413 L/kg cement). The total operational WF of the brewery after applying mass balances was calculated at 23.8 hL water/hL beer with virtual grey WF contributing at 79.7% and blue WF at 20.3%. For the cement manufacturing unit, using estimations from the plant operators and data from international literature, the total operational WF of the plant was assessed at 0.159 L/kg cement with blue WF contributing at 95.8%, green WF at 1%, and virtual grey WF at 3.2%. For the natural cosmetics unit, after modifying the system boundaries properly, the total operational WF was assessed at 81.6 L/kg bulk with virtual grey WF contributing at 88.8%. Through WF assessment, strategic actions could be identified to reduce water consumption and a benchmark could be provided to assess water performance between companies of the same branch.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ioanna Nydrioti
- School of Chemical Engineering, National Technical University of Athens, 157 80, Athens, Greece
| | | | - Nikolaos Leounakis
- School of Chemical Engineering, National Technical University of Athens, 157 80, Athens, Greece
| | - Helen Grigoropoulou
- School of Chemical Engineering, National Technical University of Athens, 157 80, Athens, Greece.
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37
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Ijaz F, Tahir HM, Ali S, Ali A, Khan HA, Muzamil A, Manzoor HH, Qayyum KA. Biomolecules based hydrogels and their potential biomedical applications: A comprehensive review. Int J Biol Macromol 2023; 253:127362. [PMID: 37827396 DOI: 10.1016/j.ijbiomac.2023.127362] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/11/2023] [Revised: 10/07/2023] [Accepted: 10/09/2023] [Indexed: 10/14/2023]
Abstract
The need for biocompatible drug carriers has been significantly increased from the past few years. Researchers show great interest in the development of more versatile and sophisticated biomaterials based drug carriers. Hydrogels are beneficial drug carriers and easily release the controlled amount of drug at target site due to its tunable structure. The hydrogels made-up of potent biological macromolecules including collagen, gelatin, fibrin, elastin, fibroin, chitosan, starch, alginate, agarose and carrageenan have been proven as versatile biomaterials. These are three-dimensional polymeric networks, synthesized by crosslinking of hydrophilic polymers. The biological macromolecules based hydrogels containing therapeutic substances are used in a wide range of biomedical applications including wound healing, tissue engineering, cosmetics and contact lenses. However, many aspects related to hydrogels such as the mechanism of cross-linking and molecular entanglement are not clear. So, there is a need to do more research and exploration toward the extensive and cost-effective use of hydrogels. The present review article elaborately discusses the biomolecules based hydrogels and their possible biomedical applications in different fields.
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Affiliation(s)
- Fatima Ijaz
- Department of Zoology, Government College University Lahore, Pakistan
| | | | - Shaukat Ali
- Department of Zoology, Government College University Lahore, Pakistan
| | - Aamir Ali
- Department of Zoology, Government College University Lahore, Pakistan.
| | | | - Ayesha Muzamil
- Department of Zoology, Government College University Lahore, Pakistan
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Liu J, Xu H, Liang H, Zhang J, Yuan H, Zhao D, Wang C. An antioxidative, green and safe nanofibers-based film containing pullulan, sodium hyaluronate and Ganoderma lucidum fermentation for enhanced skincare. Int J Biol Macromol 2023; 253:127047. [PMID: 37742895 DOI: 10.1016/j.ijbiomac.2023.127047] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/23/2023] [Revised: 09/19/2023] [Accepted: 09/21/2023] [Indexed: 09/26/2023]
Abstract
Dry masks made of natural active ingredients that are packaged in sustainable paper and free of irritating additives (e.g. preservatives, stabilizers) are a trend in the concept of healthy skincare, which possess the advantages of portability, safety and environmental friendliness. The bioactive ingredients obtained from natural plant fermentation are gradually becoming an important alternative additive for facial skincare. Herein, a novel dry facial healthcare mask was fabricated by electrospinning incorporating natural ingredients including pullulan (Pu), sodium hyaluronate (SH), and Ganoderma lucidum fermentation (GLF). The morphology, dissolving capacity, bioactivity, and safety of the obtained masks were investigated in vitro, and their antioxidation and moisturizing activities were verified at the cellular level. The results indicated that the fibrillary films based on pullulan could be dissolved in water within 20 s with good water retention capacity and film with high concentration of GLF (Pu/SH/GLF-3) could scavenge 79 % of DPPH. The films had good ability to resist microbial contamination and non-eye irritation via observing colony growth for 12 months after ultraviolet sterilization and the ocular irritation test of chicken chorioallantoic membrane. Meanwhile, cell experiments further confirmed that they did not exhibit cytotoxicity and could increase the expression of proteins related to moisturizing and antioxidation. The fascinating films have promising application prospects in cosmetic masks. This work may enrich the use of natural materials in skincare products and provide a green development direction for the light chemical industry.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jiaqi Liu
- College of Chemistry and Materials Engineering, Beijing Technology and Business University, Beijing 100048, PR China
| | - Hualei Xu
- College of Chemistry and Materials Engineering, Beijing Technology and Business University, Beijing 100048, PR China
| | - Haiyan Liang
- College of Chemistry and Materials Engineering, Beijing Technology and Business University, Beijing 100048, PR China.
| | - Jiachan Zhang
- College of Chemistry and Materials Engineering, Beijing Technology and Business University, Beijing 100048, PR China; Beijing Key Lab of Plant Resource Research and Development, Beijing Technology and Business University, Beijing 100048, PR China
| | - Huanxiang Yuan
- College of Chemistry and Materials Engineering, Beijing Technology and Business University, Beijing 100048, PR China.
| | - Dan Zhao
- College of Chemistry and Materials Engineering, Beijing Technology and Business University, Beijing 100048, PR China; Beijing Key Lab of Plant Resource Research and Development, Beijing Technology and Business University, Beijing 100048, PR China
| | - Changtao Wang
- College of Chemistry and Materials Engineering, Beijing Technology and Business University, Beijing 100048, PR China; Beijing Key Lab of Plant Resource Research and Development, Beijing Technology and Business University, Beijing 100048, PR China; Beijing Advanced Innovation Center for Food Nutrition and Human Health, Beijing Technology and Business University, Beijing 100048, PR China
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39
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Husøy T, Caspersen IH, Thépaut E, Knutsen H, Haug LS, Andreassen M, Gkrillas A, Lindeman B, Thomsen C, Herzke D, Dirven H, Wojewodzic MW. Comparison of aggregated exposure to perfluorooctanoic acid (PFOA) from diet and personal care products with concentrations in blood using a PBPK model - Results from the Norwegian biomonitoring study in EuroMix. Environ Res 2023; 239:117341. [PMID: 37839534 DOI: 10.1016/j.envres.2023.117341] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/11/2023] [Revised: 10/06/2023] [Accepted: 10/07/2023] [Indexed: 10/17/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Per- and polyfluoroalkyl substances (PFAS) constitute a large group of compounds that are water, stain, and oil repellent. Numerous sources contribute to the blood levels of PFAS in the European population. The main contributor for perfluorooctanoic acid (PFOA) is food, house dust, consumer products and personal care products (PCPs). OBJECTIVES The purpose of the present work is to calculate the dietary and dermal external exposure to PFOA, estimate the aggregated internal exposure from diet and PCPs using a PBPK model, and compare estimates with measured concentrations. METHODS Detailed information on diet and PCP use from the EuroMix study is combined with concentration data of PFOA in food and PCPs in a probabilistic exposure assessment. A physiologically based pharmacokinetic model (PBPK) was further refined by incorporating a dermal exposure pathway, and changes in the kidney and faecal excretion. RESULTS The aggregated internal exposure using the PBPK model shows that the major contributor to the internal exposure is diet for both males and females. The estimated internal exposure of PFOA for the EuroMix population was in the same range but lower than the measured blood concentrations using the lower bound (LB) external exposure estimates, showing that the LB estimates are underestimations. For seven females the internal exposure of PFOA were higher from PCPs than from diet. CONCLUSION PCPs and diet contributed in the same range to the internal PFOA exposure for several women participating in EuroMix. This calls for additional studies on exposure to PFOA and possibly other PFAS from PCPs, especially for women. Overall, PBPK modelling was shown as valuable tool in understanding the sources of PFOA exposure and in guiding risk assessments and regulatory decisions.
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Affiliation(s)
- T Husøy
- The Norwegian Institute of Public Health, Division of Climate and Environmental Health, Oslo, Norway; The Norwegian Institute of Public Health, Centre for Sustainable Diets, Oslo, Norway.
| | - I H Caspersen
- Centre for Fertility and Health, Norwegian Institute of Public Health, Oslo, Norway
| | - E Thépaut
- The Norwegian Institute of Public Health, Division of Climate and Environmental Health, Oslo, Norway
| | - H Knutsen
- The Norwegian Institute of Public Health, Division of Climate and Environmental Health, Oslo, Norway; The Norwegian Institute of Public Health, Centre for Sustainable Diets, Oslo, Norway
| | - L S Haug
- The Norwegian Institute of Public Health, Division of Climate and Environmental Health, Oslo, Norway; The Norwegian Institute of Public Health, Centre for Sustainable Diets, Oslo, Norway
| | - M Andreassen
- The Norwegian Institute of Public Health, Division of Climate and Environmental Health, Oslo, Norway
| | - A Gkrillas
- The Norwegian Institute of Public Health, Division of Climate and Environmental Health, Oslo, Norway
| | - B Lindeman
- The Norwegian Institute of Public Health, Division of Climate and Environmental Health, Oslo, Norway; The Norwegian Institute of Public Health, Centre for Sustainable Diets, Oslo, Norway
| | - C Thomsen
- The Norwegian Institute of Public Health, Division of Climate and Environmental Health, Oslo, Norway; The Norwegian Institute of Public Health, Centre for Sustainable Diets, Oslo, Norway
| | - D Herzke
- The Norwegian Institute of Public Health, Division of Climate and Environmental Health, Oslo, Norway
| | - H Dirven
- The Norwegian Institute of Public Health, Division of Climate and Environmental Health, Oslo, Norway
| | - M W Wojewodzic
- The Norwegian Institute of Public Health, Division of Climate and Environmental Health, Oslo, Norway; The Norwegian Institute of Public Health, Centre for Sustainable Diets, Oslo, Norway; Cancer Registry of Norway, Section for Molecular Epidemiology and Infections, Oslo, Norway
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40
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Zahra M, Waqar-Un-Nisa, Riaz L, Kalsoom S, Saleem AR, Taneez M. Assessment and computational bioevaluation of heavy metals from selected cosmetic products. Environ Monit Assess 2023; 196:31. [PMID: 38082207 DOI: 10.1007/s10661-023-12196-4] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/01/2023] [Accepted: 11/30/2023] [Indexed: 12/18/2023]
Abstract
Heavy metal toxicity in environment has been an increasing issue for last decades, though now the attention has diverted to presence of heavy metals in cosmetic products. The aim of this study was to determine the concentration of selected heavy metals in cosmetic products (lipsticks and foundations) using ICP-OES. Health risk assessment was done by using hazard quotient (HQ) and hazard index (HI). HQ for lipsticks was below the safe limit (HQ = < 1) while for foundations it exceeded the safe limit (HQ = >1). Mostly, mercury (Hg) and iron (Fe) were found to be exceeding the permissible limit, the allowed limits are Hg, 1 ppm; Fe, 10 ppm; Cd, 0.3 ppm; and Cr, 1 ppm. Iron was found to be highest in lipsticks (123.86 ± 1.05 ppm) as well as in foundations (34.52 ± 0.08 ppm). Health risk assessment was done by using hazard quotient (HQ) and hazard index (HI). HQ for lipsticks was below the safe limit (HQ = < 1) while for foundations it exceeded the safe limit (HQ = >1). To understand the binding pattern of heavy metals to skin targets, molecular docking studies were carried out. This revealed the potentially harmful behavior of these heavy metals on the skin. This will provide new direction for the structural changes of consistence and activity of macromolecules in our body. Research proved that prolonged use of cosmetic products containing heavy metals can be harmful and sometimes fatal to human life as these heavy metals can penetrate through the skin and target the skin enzymes, disrupting their normal function leading to various skin related issues such as dermatitis (itching, redness, burning) hence the monitoring of cosmetic products is necessary for safety of human being.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mishal Zahra
- Department of Environmental Sciences, International Islamic University Islamabad, Islamabad, 44000, Pakistan
| | - Waqar-Un-Nisa
- Center for Interdisciplinary Research in Basic Science, International Islamic University, Islamabad, 44000, Pakistan.
| | - Luqman Riaz
- Department of Environmental Sciences, Kohsar University Murree, Murree, Pakistan
| | - Saima Kalsoom
- Department of Chemistry, Pir Mehr Ali Shah Arid Agriculture University Rawalpindi, Rawalpindi, Pakistan
| | - Aansa Rukya Saleem
- Department of Earth and Environmental Sciences, Bahria University Islamabad, Islamabad, 44000, Pakistan
| | - Mehwish Taneez
- Center for Interdisciplinary Research in Basic Science, International Islamic University, Islamabad, 44000, Pakistan
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41
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Fiume M, Bergfeld WF, Belsito DV, Hill RA, Klaassen CD, Liebler DC, Marks JG, Shank RC, Slaga TJ, Snyder PW, Heldreth B. Squalane and Squalene. Int J Toxicol 2023; 42:107S-109S. [PMID: 37752766 DOI: 10.1177/10915818231204276] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 09/28/2023]
Abstract
The Expert Panel for Cosmetic Ingredient Safety reviewed newly available studies since their original assessment in 1982, along with updated information regarding product types and concentrations of use, and confirmed that Squalane and Squalene are safe as cosmetic ingredients in the practices of use and concentration as described in this report.
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Affiliation(s)
| | | | | | - Ronald A Hill
- Expert Panel for Cosmetic Ingredient Safety Former Member
| | | | | | - James G Marks
- Expert Panel for Cosmetic Ingredient Safety Former Member
| | - Ronald C Shank
- Expert Panel for Cosmetic Ingredient Safety Former Member
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42
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Raj PS, Bergfeld WF, Belsito DV, Cohen DE, Klaassen CD, Rettie AE, Ross D, Slaga TJ, Snyder PW, Tilton S, Fiume M, Heldreth B. Polyamino Sugar Condensate. Int J Toxicol 2023; 42:91S-92S. [PMID: 37753962 DOI: 10.1177/10915818231204239] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 09/28/2023]
Abstract
The Expert Panel for Cosmetic Ingredient Safety reviewed updated information that has become available since their original assessment from 1982, along with updated information regarding product types, and frequency and concentrations of use, and reaffirmed their original conclusion that Polyamino Sugar Condensate is safe for topical application to humans in the practices of use and concentration as described in this report.
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Affiliation(s)
- Preethi S Raj
- Cosmetic Ingredient Review Senior Scientific Analyst/Writer
| | | | | | | | | | | | - David Ross
- Expert Panel for Cosmetic Ingredient Safety Member
| | | | | | - Susan Tilton
- Expert Panel for Cosmetic Ingredient Safety Member
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43
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Tucker R, Bergfeld WF, Belsito DV, Cohen DE, Klaassen CD, Rettie AE, Ross D, Slaga TJ, Snyder PW, Tilton S, Fiume M, Heldreth B. Phytantriol. Int J Toxicol 2023; 42:86S-88S. [PMID: 37751605 DOI: 10.1177/10915818231204241] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 09/28/2023]
Abstract
The Expert Panel for Cosmetic Ingredient Safety reviewed updated information that has become available since their original assessment from 2007, along with updated information regarding product types, and frequency and concentrations of use, and reaffirmed their original conclusion that Phytantriol is safe as a cosmetic ingredient in the practices of use and concentration as described in this report.
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Affiliation(s)
- Regina Tucker
- Cosmetic Ingredient Review Scientific Analyst/Writer
| | | | | | | | | | | | - David Ross
- Expert Panel for Cosmetic Ingredient Safety Member
| | | | | | - Susan Tilton
- Expert Panel for Cosmetic Ingredient Safety Member
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44
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Burnett C, Bergfeld WF, Belsito DV, Klaassen CD, Liebler DC, Marks JG, Shank RC, Slaga TJ, Snyder PW, Fiume M, Heldreth B. Imidazolidinyl Urea. Int J Toxicol 2023; 42:53S-55S. [PMID: 37776363 DOI: 10.1177/10915818231204614] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/02/2023]
Abstract
The Expert Panel for Cosmetic Ingredient Safety reviewed updated information that has become available since their original assessment from 1980, along with updated information regarding product types, and frequency and concentrations of use, and reaffirmed their original conclusion that Imidazolidinyl Urea is safe as a cosmetic ingredient in the practices of use and concentration as described in this report.
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Affiliation(s)
- Christina Burnett
- Cosmetic Ingredient Review Senior Scientific Analyst/Writer, Washington, DC, USA
| | | | | | | | | | - James G Marks
- Expert Panel for Cosmetic Ingredient Safety Former Member
| | - Ronald C Shank
- Expert Panel for Cosmetic Ingredient Safety Former Member
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45
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Akinsulie A, Bergfeld WF, Belsito DV, Hill RA, Klaassen CD, Liebler DC, Marks JG, Shank RC, Slaga TJ, Snyder PW, Fiume M, Heldreth B. Aluminum Starch Octenylsuccinate. Int J Toxicol 2023; 42:12S-13S. [PMID: 37774506 DOI: 10.1177/10915818231204281] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/01/2023]
Abstract
The Expert Panel for Cosmetic Ingredient Safety reviewed newly available studies since their original assessment in 2002, along with updated information regarding product types and concentrations of use, and confirmed that Aluminum Starch Octenylsuccinate is safe as a cosmetic ingredient in the practices of use and concentration as described in this report.
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Affiliation(s)
| | | | | | - Ronald A Hill
- Expert Panel for Cosmetic Ingredient Safety Former Member
| | | | | | - James G Marks
- Expert Panel for Cosmetic Ingredient Safety Former Member
| | - Ronald C Shank
- Expert Panel for Cosmetic Ingredient Safety Former Member
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46
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Burnett C, Bergfeld WF, Belsito DV, Klaassen CD, Liebler DC, Marks JG, Shank RC, Slaga TJ, Snyder PW, Fiume M, Heldreth B. BHT - Butylated Hydroxytoluene. Int J Toxicol 2023; 42:17S-19S. [PMID: 37751543 DOI: 10.1177/10915818231204256] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 09/28/2023]
Abstract
The Expert Panel for Cosmetic Ingredient Safety reviewed updated information that has become available since their original assessment from 2002, along with updated information regarding product types, and frequency and concentrations of use, and reaffirmed their original conclusion that BHT is safe as a cosmetic ingredient in the practices of use and concentration as described in this report.
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Affiliation(s)
| | | | | | | | | | - James G Marks
- Expert Panel for Cosmetic Ingredient Safety Former Member
| | - Ronald C Shank
- Expert Panel for Cosmetic Ingredient Safety Former Member
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47
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Cherian P, Bergfeld WF, Belsito DV, Cohen DE, Klaassen CD, Liebler DC, Rettie AE, Ross D, Slaga TJ, Snyder PW, Fiume M, Heldreth B. Amyl Acetate and Isoamyl Acetate. Int J Toxicol 2023; 42:14S-16S. [PMID: 37773619 DOI: 10.1177/10915818231204262] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/01/2023]
Abstract
The Expert Panel for Cosmetic Ingredient Safety reviewed newly available studies since their original assessment in 1988, along with updated information regarding product types and concentrations of use, and confirmed that Amyl Acetate and Isoamyl Acetate are safe as cosmetic ingredients in the practices of use and concentration as described in this report.
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Affiliation(s)
- Pryia Cherian
- Cosmetic Ingredient Review Senior Scientific Analyst/Writer
| | | | | | | | | | | | | | - David Ross
- Expert Panel for Cosmetic Ingredient Safety Member
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48
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Cherian P, Bergfeld WF, Belsito DV, Klaassen CD, Liebler DC, Marks JG, Peterson LA, Shank RC, Slaga TJ, Snyder PW, Fiume M, Heldreth B. Quaternium-18 and Quaternium-18 Bentonite. Int J Toxicol 2023; 42:96S-97S. [PMID: 37772402 DOI: 10.1177/10915818231204280] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 09/30/2023]
Abstract
The Expert Panel for Cosmetic Ingredient Safety reviewed newly available studies since their original assessment in 1982, along with updated information regarding product types and concentrations of use, and confirmed that Quaternium-18 and Quaternium-18 Bentonite are safe as cosmetic ingredients in the practices of use and concentration as described in this report.
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Affiliation(s)
- Priya Cherian
- Cosmetic Ingredient Review Senior Scientific Analyst/Writer
| | | | | | | | | | - James G Marks
- Expert Panel for Cosmetic Ingredient Safety Former Member
| | | | - Ronald C Shank
- Expert Panel for Cosmetic Ingredient Safety Former Member
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49
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Burnett CL, Bergfeld WF, Belsito DV, Cohen DE, Klaassen CD, Liebler DC, Rettie AE, Ross D, Slaga TJ, Snyder PW, Tilton S, Fiume M, Heldreth B. HC Yellow 5. Int J Toxicol 2023; 42:49S-50S. [PMID: 37766591 DOI: 10.1177/10915818231204272] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 09/29/2023]
Abstract
The Expert Panel for Cosmetic Ingredient Safety reviewed updated information that has become available since their original assessment from 2007, along with updated information regarding product types, and frequency and concentrations of use, and reaffirmed their original conclusion that HC Yellow 5 is safe as a hair dye ingredient in the practices of use and concentration as described in this report.
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Affiliation(s)
| | | | | | | | | | | | | | - David Ross
- Expert Panel for Cosmetic Ingredient Safety Member
| | | | | | - Susan Tilton
- Expert Panel for Cosmetic Ingredient Safety Member
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50
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Zuo Y, Chen C, Liu F, Hu H, Wen C, Dong S, Liao X, Cao Z, Shi X, Zhong Z, Chen J, Lu H. Benzophenone induces cardiac developmental toxicity in zebrafish embryos by upregulating Wnt signaling. Chemosphere 2023; 344:140283. [PMID: 37775055 DOI: 10.1016/j.chemosphere.2023.140283] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/04/2023] [Revised: 09/05/2023] [Accepted: 09/24/2023] [Indexed: 10/01/2023]
Abstract
Benzophenone (BP) is found in many popular consumer products, such as cosmetics. BP potential toxicity to humans and aquatic organisms has emerged as an increased concern. In current study, we utilized a zebrafish model to assess BP-induced developmental cardiotoxicity. Following BP exposure, zebrafish embryos exhibited developmental toxicity, including increased mortality, reduced hatchability, delayed yolk sac absorption, and shortened body length. Besides, BP exposure induced cardiac defects in zebrafish embryos, comprising pericardial edema, reduced myocardial contractility and rhythm disturbances, and altered expression levels of cardiac developmental marker genes. Mechanistically, BP exposure disturbed the redox state and increased the level of apoptosis in zebrafish cardiomyocytes. Transcriptional expression levels of Wnt signaling genes, involving lef1, axin2, and β-catenin, were upregulated after BP treatment. Inhibition of Wnt signaling with IWR-1 could rescue the BP-induced cardiotoxicity in zebrafish. In summary, BP exposure causes cardiotoxicity via upregulation of the Wnt signaling pathway in zebrafish embryos.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yuhua Zuo
- School of Ophthalmology and Optometry, Wenzhou Medical University, Wenzhou, 325003, Zhejiang, China
| | - Chao Chen
- Shanghai Key Laboratory of Anesthesiology and Brain Functional Modulation, Clinical Research Center for Anesthesiology and Perioperative Medicine, Translational Research Institute of Brain and Brain-Like Intelligence, Department of Pediatrics, Shanghai Fourth People's Hospital, School of Medicine, Tongji University, Shanghai, 200434, China; Department of Epidemiology, School of Public Health, School of Medicine, Tongji University, Shanghai, 200331, China
| | - Fasheng Liu
- Affiliated Hospital of Jinggangshan University, Center for Clinical Medicine Research of Jinggangshan University, Ji'an, 343009, Jiangxi, China
| | - Hongmei Hu
- Shanghai Key Laboratory of Anesthesiology and Brain Functional Modulation, Clinical Research Center for Anesthesiology and Perioperative Medicine, Translational Research Institute of Brain and Brain-Like Intelligence, Department of Pediatrics, Shanghai Fourth People's Hospital, School of Medicine, Tongji University, Shanghai, 200434, China; Department of Epidemiology, School of Public Health, School of Medicine, Tongji University, Shanghai, 200331, China
| | - Chao Wen
- Affiliated Hospital of Jinggangshan University, Center for Clinical Medicine Research of Jinggangshan University, Ji'an, 343009, Jiangxi, China
| | - Si Dong
- Affiliated Hospital of Jinggangshan University, Center for Clinical Medicine Research of Jinggangshan University, Ji'an, 343009, Jiangxi, China
| | - Xinjun Liao
- Affiliated Hospital of Jinggangshan University, Center for Clinical Medicine Research of Jinggangshan University, Ji'an, 343009, Jiangxi, China
| | - Zigang Cao
- Affiliated Hospital of Jinggangshan University, Center for Clinical Medicine Research of Jinggangshan University, Ji'an, 343009, Jiangxi, China
| | - Xiaoyun Shi
- Affiliated Hospital of Jinggangshan University, Center for Clinical Medicine Research of Jinggangshan University, Ji'an, 343009, Jiangxi, China
| | - Zilin Zhong
- Shanghai Key Laboratory of Anesthesiology and Brain Functional Modulation, Clinical Research Center for Anesthesiology and Perioperative Medicine, Translational Research Institute of Brain and Brain-Like Intelligence, Department of Pediatrics, Shanghai Fourth People's Hospital, School of Medicine, Tongji University, Shanghai, 200434, China; Department of Epidemiology, School of Public Health, School of Medicine, Tongji University, Shanghai, 200331, China
| | - Jianjun Chen
- Shanghai Key Laboratory of Anesthesiology and Brain Functional Modulation, Clinical Research Center for Anesthesiology and Perioperative Medicine, Translational Research Institute of Brain and Brain-Like Intelligence, Department of Pediatrics, Shanghai Fourth People's Hospital, School of Medicine, Tongji University, Shanghai, 200434, China; Department of Epidemiology, School of Public Health, School of Medicine, Tongji University, Shanghai, 200331, China.
| | - Huiqiang Lu
- Affiliated Hospital of Jinggangshan University, Center for Clinical Medicine Research of Jinggangshan University, Ji'an, 343009, Jiangxi, China.
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