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Gyamfi O, Aboko J, Ankapong E, Marfo JT, Awuah-Boateng NY, Sarpong K, Dartey E. A systematic review of heavy metals contamination in cosmetics. Cutan Ocul Toxicol 2024; 43:5-12. [PMID: 37916307 DOI: 10.1080/15569527.2023.2268197] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/27/2023] [Accepted: 10/02/2023] [Indexed: 11/03/2023]
Abstract
Background: Globally, the consumption and use of cosmetics have increased exponentially. The presence of hazardous metals raises worries about their potential long-term impacts on human health. Objective: This review's primary goal is to shed light on the presence and ranges of heavy metal concentrations in diverse cosmetic samples as well as the instrumental techniques used by various authors to analyse the hazardous metals in the articles under evaluation. Methodology: This analysis concentrated on 16 publications that measured the levels of heavy metals like lead, cadmium, iron, nickel, chromium, and mercury in various cosmetic samples that were published between the years 2012 and 2020. Results: The study's findings support the existence of these metals as pollutants or components in cosmetics, both of which pose substantial health hazards. The regulations and acceptable limits vary across different countries, which is a significant challenge for the cosmetic industry. Conclusion: Therefore, there is a pressing need to standardise the acceptable limits of these toxic metals in cosmetics. Instrumental techniques such as AAS, GFAAS, ICP-OES/ICP-AES, and ICP-MS were employed by Researchers to analyse the toxic metals in cosmetics.
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Affiliation(s)
- Opoku Gyamfi
- Department of Chemistry Education, Faculty of Science Education, Akenten Appiah-Menka University of Skills Training and Entrepreneurial Development, Asante Mampong, Ghana
| | - James Aboko
- Department of Chemistry Education, Faculty of Science Education, Akenten Appiah-Menka University of Skills Training and Entrepreneurial Development, Asante Mampong, Ghana
| | - Edward Ankapong
- Department of Chemistry Education, Faculty of Science Education, Akenten Appiah-Menka University of Skills Training and Entrepreneurial Development, Asante Mampong, Ghana
| | - Jemima Tiwaa Marfo
- Department of Chemistry Education, Faculty of Science Education, Akenten Appiah-Menka University of Skills Training and Entrepreneurial Development, Asante Mampong, Ghana
| | - Nana Yaa Awuah-Boateng
- Department of Public Health, Akenten Appiah-Menka University of Skills Training and Entrepreneurial Development, Asante Mampong, Ghana
| | - Kofi Sarpong
- Department of Chemistry Education, Faculty of Science Education, Akenten Appiah-Menka University of Skills Training and Entrepreneurial Development, Asante Mampong, Ghana
| | - Emmanuel Dartey
- Department of Chemistry Education, Faculty of Science Education, Akenten Appiah-Menka University of Skills Training and Entrepreneurial Development, Asante Mampong, Ghana
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Dwumfour-Asare B, Dartey E, Adherr NSK, Sarpong K, Asare EA. Effect of Smoking and Grilling on Polycyclic Aromatic Hydrocarbons in Ghanaian Tilapia. Environ Health Insights 2023; 17:11786302231213546. [PMID: 38046521 PMCID: PMC10691319 DOI: 10.1177/11786302231213546] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/20/2023] [Accepted: 10/23/2023] [Indexed: 12/05/2023]
Abstract
The study assessed 18 Polycyclic Aromatic Hydrocarbons (PAHs) in O. niloticus (Nile tilapia) sampled from an aquaculture cage (farm) and a wild catch. The PAHs in fish samples were analysed using Gas Chromatography-Mass Spectrometry. Four PAHs (in order of levels: Indeno [1,2,3-cd] pyrene > Anthracene > Perylene > Pyrene; 100-0.8 µg/kg) and only one PAH (Pyrene: 4 µg/kg) were detected in raw samples from the cage and wild catch respectively. Chargrilling significantly increased Pyrene levels after cooking (wild: 4-11 µg/kg; cage: 5-23 µg/kg, p < .05), and likewise Anthracene levels in cage samples (13-153 µg/kg) but decreased Indeno [1,2,3-cd] pyrene levels from 100 ± 20 to 1.2 ± 0.2 µg/kg in cage samples. Smoking significantly increased 13 to 15 PAH congeners' levels (from < 1.0 up to 340 µg/kg) and total PAHs (wild: 4 to 840 µg/kg; cage: 110 to 560 µg/kg), and decreased Indeno [1,2,3-cd] pyrene (100 to 1.3 µg/kg) in cage samples but showed no effect on Benzo [g, h, i] perylene and Dibenzo [a, h] anthracene levels in all samples. For smoked samples, Benzo [a] pyrene and PAH4 (Benzo [a] anthracene, Chrysene, Benzo [b] fluoranthene, and Benzo [a] pyrene) exceeded the respective maximum permissible limits of 2 µg/kg and 12 µg/kg, and significantly influenced the levels of carcinogenic PAHs (CPAH, 135-170 µg/kg). Nevertheless, the Excess Cancer Risk (ECR) estimates, from a conservative approach, were far below the threshold (10-4), implying that consuming smoked or grilled tilapia from the study site is safe.
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Affiliation(s)
- Bismark Dwumfour-Asare
- Department of Environmental Health & Sanitation Education, Faculty of Environment and Health Education, Akenten Appiah-Menka University of Skills Training and Entrepreneurial Development, Asante-Mampong Campus, Asante Mampong, Ashanti Region, Ghana
| | - Emmanuel Dartey
- Department of Chemistry Education, Faculty of Science Education, Akenten Appiah-Menka University of Skills Training and Entrepreneurial Development, Asante-Mampong Campus, Asante Mampong, Ashanti Region, Ghana
| | - Nomolox Solomon Kofi Adherr
- Department of Chemistry Education, Faculty of Science Education, Akenten Appiah-Menka University of Skills Training and Entrepreneurial Development, Asante-Mampong Campus, Asante Mampong, Ashanti Region, Ghana
| | - Kofi Sarpong
- Department of Chemistry Education, Faculty of Science Education, Akenten Appiah-Menka University of Skills Training and Entrepreneurial Development, Asante-Mampong Campus, Asante Mampong, Ashanti Region, Ghana
| | - Emmanuel Agyapong Asare
- Department of Chemistry Education, Faculty of Science Education, Akenten Appiah-Menka University of Skills Training and Entrepreneurial Development, Asante-Mampong Campus, Asante Mampong, Ashanti Region, Ghana
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Sarpong K, Ghanney EC, Acheampong D, Oguntuyo S. Bridging the gender gap in science and technology in Africa: The African
Research Academies for Women (ARA-W). Ann Glob Health 2016. [DOI: 10.1016/j.aogh.2016.04.570] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/21/2022] Open
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Edusei AK, Owusu-Ansah FE, Dogbe JA, Morgan J, Sarpong K. Perspectives in musculoskeletal injury management by traditional bone setters in Ashanti, Ghana. Afr J Disabil 2015; 4:97. [PMID: 28730018 PMCID: PMC5433491 DOI: 10.4102/ajod.v4i1.97] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/07/2013] [Accepted: 11/05/2014] [Indexed: 11/17/2022] Open
Abstract
Background The popularity of the services of traditional bone setters (TBS) in Ghana as an alternative health care requires exploration and documentation of the perspectives of providers and users. Objective To explore and document the perspectives of providers and users of the services of TBS in the management of musculoskeletal injuries in the Ashanti region, Ghana. Methods From the social constructivist and qualitative approach, in-depth interviews were used to explore the perspectives of eight TBS and 16 users of their services, selected purposively through snowballing. Thematic content analysis (TCA) was employed. Results High recovery rate, warm reception, prompt attention, and the relatively lower charges, are reported to motivate the patronage of the services of TBS for the management of fractures in the legs, arms, ribs, joint bones dislocations, waist and spinal cord problems. The TBS combined traditional and orthodox procedures, using plant and animal-based materials, beliefs, spirituality (God-given) and physical therapy in the management of musculoskeletal injuries. No adverse experience was reported by either the providers or users of the traditional management methods. Conclusion With plant and animal-based materials, TBS are observed to combine traditional and orthodox procedures to confidently manage musculoskeletal injuries to the satisfaction of their highly motivated patrons. Although over 60% of the TBS attribute the healing power behind their practice to God, the rest do not discount the role of spiritual therapy. Further studies expanded to include the perspectives of non-users of the services of the TBS will authenticate the findings of this study.
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Affiliation(s)
- Anthony K Edusei
- Department of Community Health, School of Medical Sciences, Kwame Nkrumah University of Science and Technology, Ghana
| | - Frances E Owusu-Ansah
- Department of Behavioural Sciences, School of Medical Sciences, Kwame Nkrumah University of Science and Technology, Ghana
| | - Joslin A Dogbe
- Department of Child Health, School of Medical Sciences, Kwame Nkrumah University of Science and Technology, Ghana
| | - Julia Morgan
- Honorary Lecturer, School of Public Health (Laureate Online Education), University of Liverpool, United Kingdom
| | - Kofi Sarpong
- The Samuel Wellington Botwey Foundation (SWEB) Foundation, Ghana
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Annan K, Sarpong K, Asare C, Dickson R, Amponsah K, Gyan B, Ofori M, Gbedema S. In vitro anti-plasmodial activity of three herbal remedies for malaria in Ghana: Adenia cissampeloides (Planch.) Harms., Termina liaivorensis A. Chev, and Elaeis guineensis Jacq. Pharmacognosy Res 2012; 4:225-9. [PMID: 23225967 PMCID: PMC3510876 DOI: 10.4103/0974-8490.102270] [Citation(s) in RCA: 16] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/08/2012] [Revised: 04/25/2012] [Accepted: 10/11/2012] [Indexed: 11/25/2022] Open
Abstract
Background: Herbal remedies of Adenia cissampeloides, Terminalia ivorensis, and Elaeis guineensis among others have been used in Ghana for the treatment of various ailments including malaria. However, most of these remedies have not been scientifically investigated. Objective: This study, therefore, seeks to investigate the anti-plasmodial activity of these plants. Materials and Methods: The ethanolic extracts of A. cissampeloides stem, T. ivorensis stem bark, and E. guineensis leaves were tested for in vitro anti-plasmodial activity against chloroquine-resistant strains of Plasmodium falciparum. Thin blood films were used to assess the level of parasitemia and growth inhibition of the extracts. Results: The IC 50 of A. cissampeloides, T. ivorensis, and E. guineensis were 8.521, 6.949, and 1.195 μg/ml, respectively, compared to artesunate with IC50 of 0.031 μg/ml. Conclusion: The result of this study appears to confirm the folkloric anti-malarial use these plants.
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Affiliation(s)
- Kofi Annan
- Department of Pharmacognosy, Faculty of Pharmacy and Pharmaceutical Sciences, KNUST, Kumasi, Ghana
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Mensah AY, Houghton PJ, Akyirem GNA, Fleischer TC, Mensah MLK, Sarpong K, Adosraku R. Evaluation of the antioxidant and free radical scavenging properties ofSecamone afzelii Rhoem. Phytother Res 2005; 18:1031-2. [PMID: 15742341 DOI: 10.1002/ptr.1614] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/06/2022]
Abstract
The antioxidant activity of a methanol extract of Secamone afzelii stems was tested using the DPPH assay and the active compound was identified as alpha-tocopherol. HPLC determination showed that 0.12% w/w alpha-tocopherol was present in the plant. The total extract also showed effective free radical scavenging activity in the assay for non-enzymatic lipid peroxidation in liposomes with an IC50 value of 90 microg/mL, with alpha-tocopherol isolated from the plant having an IC50 of 15 microg/mL in the same system, thus demonstrating the presence of other antioxidants.
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Affiliation(s)
- A Y Mensah
- Department of Pharmacognosy, Faculty of Pharmacy, Kwame Nkrumah University of Science and Technology, Kumasi, Ghana
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Abstract
Abstract
The leaves, stem-bark and root-bark of Mitragyna ciliata, M. inermis and M. stipulosa have been examined quantitatively and qualitatively for alkaloids. In addition, the plant parts of M. stipulosa collected at 12 regular monthly intervals have been similarly examined. The presence of mitraphylline in the leaves of this plant and the absence of indole alkaloids was confirmed. The predominant leaf alkaloids are oxindoles of the A series, those of the stem- and root-bark, oxindoles of the B series. Whereas the general alkaloidal pattern of M. ciliata appears similar to that of M. inermis rather than M. stipulosa, a more detailed study suggests that M. ciliata and M. inermis have a distinctly different metabolic pattern in relation to the C(9)-OMe alkaloids.
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Abstract
Abstract
The leaves of Mitragyna inermis (Willd.) O. Kuntze have been examined for alkaloids and shown to contain routundifoline, isorotundifoline, rhynchophylline, isorhynchophylline, ciliaphylline, rhynchociline, speciophylline, a small amount of uncarine F, mitraciliatine and traces of a second indole alkaloid which appears to be of the corynanthine type. There is also a polar compound present, Dragendorff positive, which remains on the base line when subjected to thin-layer chromatography with the usual solvent systems used for the mitragyna alkaloids.
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