151
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Okumura E, Kawashita I, Ishida T. Computerized analysis of pneumoconiosis in digital chest radiography: effect of artificial neural network trained with power spectra. J Digit Imaging 2011; 24:1126-32. [PMID: 21153856 PMCID: PMC3222544 DOI: 10.1007/s10278-010-9357-7] [Citation(s) in RCA: 18] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/18/2022] Open
Abstract
It is difficult for radiologists to classify pneumoconiosis with small nodules on chest radiographs. Therefore, we have developed a computer-aided diagnosis (CAD) system based on the rule-based plus artificial neural network (ANN) method for distinction between normal and abnormal regions of interest (ROIs) selected from chest radiographs with and without pneumoconiosis. The image database consists of 11 normal and 12 abnormal chest radiographs. These abnormal cases included five silicoses, four asbestoses, and three other pneumoconioses. ROIs (matrix size, 32 × 32) were selected from normal and abnormal lungs. We obtained power spectra (PS) by Fourier transform for the frequency analysis. A rule-based method using PS values at 0.179 and 0.357 cycles per millimeter, corresponding to the spatial frequencies of nodular patterns, were employed for identification of obviously normal or obviously abnormal ROIs. Then, ANN was applied for classification of the remaining normal and abnormal ROIs, which were not classified as obviously abnormal or normal by the rule-based method. The classification performance was evaluated by the area under the receiver operating characteristic curve (Az value). The Az value was 0.972 ± 0.012 for the rule-based plus ANN method, which was larger than that of 0.961 ± 0.016 for the ANN method alone (P ≤ 0.15) and that of 0.873 for the rule-based method alone. We have developed a rule-based plus pattern recognition technique based on the ANN for classification of pneumoconiosis on chest radiography. Our CAD system based on PS would be useful to assist radiologists in the classification of pneumoconiosis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Eiichiro Okumura
- Department of Medical Radiological Technology, Kagoshima Medical Technology College, 5417-1 Hirakawa, Kagoshima, 891-0133, Japan.
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152
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Dias OM, Canzian M, Terra-Filho M, Santos UDP. Talcoasbestose e tuberculose pulmonar em paciente exposta a talco em confecção de bolas de futebol. J Bras Pneumol 2011; 37:563-6. [DOI: 10.1590/s1806-37132011000400020] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/21/2022] Open
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153
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Ferretti G. [What are the tools for post-occupational follow-up, how should they be performed and what are their performance, limits and benefit/risk ratio? Chest X-Ray and CT scan]. Rev Mal Respir 2011; 28:761-72. [PMID: 21742237 DOI: 10.1016/j.rmr.2011.02.012] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/17/2011] [Accepted: 02/17/2011] [Indexed: 10/18/2022]
Abstract
Chest radiography and computed tomography (CT) are the two radiological techniques used for the follow-up of people exposed to asbestos. Since the last conference of consensus (1999), the scientific literature has primarily covered high-resolution CT and high-resolution volume CT (HR-VCT). We consider in turn the contribution of digital thoracic radiography, recommendations for the performance of HR-VCT to ensure the quality of examination while controlling the delivered radiation dose, and the need to refer to the "CT atlas of benign diseases related to asbestos exposure", published by a group of French experts in 2007, for interpretation. The results of the published studies concerning radiography or CT are then reviewed. We note the great interobserver variability in the recognition of pleural plaques and asbestosis, indicating the need for adequate training of radiologists, and the importance of defining standardized, quantified criteria for CT abnormalities. The very low agreement between thoracic and general radiologists must be taken into account. The reading of CT scans in cases of occupational exposure to asbestos should be entrusted to thoracic radiologists or to general radiologists having validated specific training. A double interpretation of CT could be considered in medicosocial requests. CT is more sensitive than chest radiography in the detection of bronchial carcinoma but generates a great number of false positive results (96 to 99%). No scientific data are available to assess the role of imaging by either CT or chest radiography in the early detection of mesothelioma.
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Affiliation(s)
- G Ferretti
- Université J-Fourrier, BP 53, 38041 Grenoble cedex 9, France.
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154
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Ferretti G. [Exposure to asbestos : radiography and chest CT]. JOURNAL DE RADIOLOGIE 2011; 92:450-60. [PMID: 21621114 DOI: 10.1016/j.jradio.2011.03.018] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/31/2011] [Accepted: 03/31/2011] [Indexed: 12/21/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- G Ferretti
- Université J.-Fourrier, Grenoble, France.
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155
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156
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Accuracy of positron emission tomography in mediastinal node assessment in coal workers with lung cancer. Med Oncol 2011; 29:589-94. [DOI: 10.1007/s12032-011-9879-y] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/19/2011] [Accepted: 02/23/2011] [Indexed: 11/25/2022]
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157
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Langley RJ, Mishra NC, Peña-Philippides JC, Rice BJ, Seagrave JC, Singh SP, Sopori ML. Fibrogenic and redox-related but not proinflammatory genes are upregulated in Lewis rat model of chronic silicosis. JOURNAL OF TOXICOLOGY AND ENVIRONMENTAL HEALTH. PART A 2011; 74:1261-79. [PMID: 21830856 PMCID: PMC4058997 DOI: 10.1080/15287394.2011.595669] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/02/2023]
Abstract
Silicosis, a fibrotic granulomatous lung disease, may occur through accidental high-dose or occupational inhalation of silica, leading to acute/accelerated and chronic silicosis, respectively. While chronic silicosis has a long asymptomatic latency, lung inflammation and apoptosis are hallmarks of acute silicosis. In animal models, histiocytic granulomas develop within days after high-dose intratracheal (IT) silica instillation. However, following chronic inhalation of occupationally relevant doses of silica, discrete granulomas resembling human silicosis arise months after the final exposure without significant lung inflammation/apoptosis. To identify molecular events associated with chronic silicosis, lung RNA samples from controls or subchronic silica-exposed rats were analyzed by Affymetrix at 28 wk after silica exposures. Results suggested a significant upregulation of 144 genes and downregulation of 7 genes. The upregulated genes included complement cascade, chemokines/chemokine receptors, G-protein signaling components, metalloproteases, and genes associated with oxidative stress. To examine the kinetics of gene expression relevant to silicosis, quantitative polymerase chain reaction (qPCR), enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay (ELISA), Luminex-bead assays, Western blotting, and/or zymography were performed on lung tissues from 4 d, 28 wk, and intermediate times after subchronic silica exposure and compared with 14-d acute silicosis samples. Results indicated that genes regulating fibrosis (secreted phosphoprotein-1, Ccl2, and Ccl7), redox enzymes (superoxide dismutase-2 and arginase-1), and the enzymatic activities of matrix metalloproteinases 2 and 9 were upregulated in acute and chronic silicosis models. However, proinflammatory cytokines were strongly upregulated only in acute silicosis. Thus, inflammatory cytokines are associated with acute but not chronic silicosis. Data suggest that genes regulating fibrosis, oxidative stress, and metalloproteases may contribute to both acute and chronic silicosis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Raymond J. Langley
- Immunology Program, Lovelace Respiratory Research Institute, 2425 Ridgecrest Dr., SE, Albuquerque, NM 87108
| | - Neerad C. Mishra
- Immunology Program, Lovelace Respiratory Research Institute, 2425 Ridgecrest Dr., SE, Albuquerque, NM 87108
| | | | - Brandon J. Rice
- Software Engineering Division, National Center for Genome Resources, 2935 Rodeo Park Dr., SE, Santa Fe, NM 87505
| | - Jean-Clare Seagrave
- Immunology Program, Lovelace Respiratory Research Institute, 2425 Ridgecrest Dr., SE, Albuquerque, NM 87108
| | - Shashi P. Singh
- Immunology Program, Lovelace Respiratory Research Institute, 2425 Ridgecrest Dr., SE, Albuquerque, NM 87108
| | - Mohan L. Sopori
- Immunology Program, Lovelace Respiratory Research Institute, 2425 Ridgecrest Dr., SE, Albuquerque, NM 87108
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158
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Koo SM, Park SW, Park JS, Lee JH, Jang AS, Kim DJ, Park CS, Paik SH, Koh ES. A Case of Pulmonary Siderosis Mimicking Metastatic Lung Cancer. Tuberc Respir Dis (Seoul) 2011. [DOI: 10.4046/trd.2011.70.1.58] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/24/2022] Open
Affiliation(s)
- So My Koo
- Department of Internal Medicine, Soonchunhyang University College of Medicine, Bucheon, Korea
| | - Sung Woo Park
- Department of Internal Medicine, Soonchunhyang University College of Medicine, Bucheon, Korea
| | - Jong Sook Park
- Department of Internal Medicine, Soonchunhyang University College of Medicine, Bucheon, Korea
| | - June Hyuk Lee
- Department of Internal Medicine, Soonchunhyang University College of Medicine, Bucheon, Korea
| | - An Soo Jang
- Department of Internal Medicine, Soonchunhyang University College of Medicine, Bucheon, Korea
| | - Do Jin Kim
- Department of Internal Medicine, Soonchunhyang University College of Medicine, Bucheon, Korea
| | - Choon Sik Park
- Department of Internal Medicine, Soonchunhyang University College of Medicine, Bucheon, Korea
| | - Sang Hyun Paik
- Department of Radiology, Soonchunhyang University College of Medicine, Bucheon, Korea
| | - Eun Suk Koh
- Department of Pathology, Soonchunhyang University College of Medicine, Bucheon, Korea
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159
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Maffessanti M, Dalpiaz G. Computed Tomography of Diffuse Lung Diseases and Solitary Pulmonary Nodules. PRACTICAL PULMONARY PATHOLOGY: A DIAGNOSTIC APPROACH 2011:27-89. [DOI: 10.1016/b978-1-4160-5770-3.00003-1] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 09/02/2023]
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160
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Silva CIS, Marchiori E, Souza Júnior AS, Müller NL. Illustrated Brazilian consensus of terms and fundamental patterns in chest CT scans. J Bras Pneumol 2010; 36:99-123. [PMID: 20209314 DOI: 10.1590/s1806-37132010000100016] [Citation(s) in RCA: 45] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/15/2009] [Accepted: 07/17/2009] [Indexed: 01/15/2023] Open
Abstract
The objective of this new Brazilian consensus is to update and to continue the standardization of the principal terms and fundamental patterns in chest CT scans in Portuguese. There is a succinct definition of the principal terms used to describe chest CT findings, as well as illustrations of classic examples. The group of authors comprised radiologists specializing in chest radiology and holding membership in the Brazilian College of Radiology and Diagnostic Imaging, as well as pulmonologists having a special interest in diagnostic imaging and holding membership in the Brazilian Thoracic Association.
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Affiliation(s)
- C Isabela S Silva
- Department of Radiology, University of British Columbia, Vancouver, Canada.
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161
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Li JJ, Muralikrishnan S, Ng CT, Yung LYL, Bay BH. Nanoparticle-induced pulmonary toxicity. Exp Biol Med (Maywood) 2010; 235:1025-33. [DOI: 10.1258/ebm.2010.010021] [Citation(s) in RCA: 181] [Impact Index Per Article: 12.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/18/2022] Open
Abstract
In recent decades, advances in nanotechnology engineering have given rise to the rapid development of many novel applications in the biomedical field. However, studies into the health and safety of these nanomaterials are still lacking. The main concerns are the adverse effects to health caused by acute or chronic exposure to nanoparticles (NPs), especially in the workplace environment. The lung is one of the main routes of entry for NPs into the body and, hence, a likely site for accumulation of NPs. Once NPs enter the interstitial air spaces and are quickly taken up by alveolar cells, they are likely to induce toxic effects. In this review, we highlight the different aspects of lung toxicity resulting from NP exposure, such as generation of oxidative stress, DNA damage and inflammation leading to fibrosis and pneumoconiosis, and the underlying mechanisms causing pulmonary toxicity.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jasmine Jia'en Li
- Department of Anatomy, Yong Loo Lin School of Medicine, National University of Singapore, 4 Medical Drive, Blk MD10, Singapore117597
- Department of Chemical & Biomolecular Engineering, Faculty of Engineering, National University of Singapore, Singapore 117576, Singapore
| | - Sindu Muralikrishnan
- Department of Chemical & Biomolecular Engineering, Faculty of Engineering, National University of Singapore, Singapore 117576, Singapore
| | - Cheng-Teng Ng
- Department of Chemical & Biomolecular Engineering, Faculty of Engineering, National University of Singapore, Singapore 117576, Singapore
| | - Lin-Yue Lanry Yung
- Department of Chemical & Biomolecular Engineering, Faculty of Engineering, National University of Singapore, Singapore 117576, Singapore
| | - Boon-Huat Bay
- Department of Anatomy, Yong Loo Lin School of Medicine, National University of Singapore, 4 Medical Drive, Blk MD10, Singapore117597
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162
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Cavitated conglomerate mass in silicosis indicating associated tuberculosis. Case Rep Med 2010; 2010. [PMID: 20811560 PMCID: PMC2929613 DOI: 10.1155/2010/293730] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/10/2010] [Accepted: 07/19/2010] [Indexed: 11/24/2022] Open
Abstract
Silicosis is the most common occupational lung disease worldwide. It leads to respiratory impairment and may have associated infections that decrease pulmonary function. We describe the case of a 55-year-old man with chronic silicosis who presented with hemoptysis and a cavitated conglomerate mass. The final diagnosis was silicotuberculosis.
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163
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Godoy MC, Nonaka D, Lowy J, Ko JP. Ground-Glass Centrilobular Nodules on Multidetector CT Scan. Chest 2010; 138:427-33. [DOI: 10.1378/chest.09-1923] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/01/2022] Open
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164
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Ozmen CA, Nazaroglu H, Yildiz T, Bayrak AH, Senturk S, Ates G, Akyildiz L. MDCT findings of denim-sandblasting-induced silicosis: a cross-sectional study. Environ Health 2010; 9:17. [PMID: 20398415 PMCID: PMC2873260 DOI: 10.1186/1476-069x-9-17] [Citation(s) in RCA: 26] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/11/2009] [Accepted: 04/17/2010] [Indexed: 05/10/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Denim sandblasting is as a novel cause of silicosis in Turkey, with reports of a recent increase in cases and fatal outcomes. We aimed to describe the radiological features of patients exposed to silica during denim sandblasting and define factors related to the development of silicosis. METHODS Sixty consecutive men with a history of exposure to silica during denim sandblasting were recruited. All CT examinations were performed using a 64-row multi-detector CT (MDCT). The nodules were qualitatively and semi-quantitatively analyzed by grading nodular profusion (NP) on CT images. RESULTS Silicosis was diagnosed radiologically in 73.3% of patients (44 of 60). The latency period (the time between initial exposure and radiological imaging) and duration of silica exposure was longer in patients diagnosed with silicosis than in those without silicosis (p < 0.05). Nodules were present in all cases with centrilobular type as the commonest (63.6%). All cases of silicosis were clinically classified as accelerated and 11.4% had progressive massive fibrosis (PMF). Mild NP lesions were the most prevalent in all six zones of the lung. The NP score was significantly correlated with the duration of silica exposure, the latency period, presence of PMF, and pleural thickening. Enlarged lymphadenopathy was present in 45.5% of patients. CONCLUSIONS The duration of exposure and the latency period are important for development of silicosis in denim sandblasters. MDCT is a useful tool in detecting findings of silicosis in workers who has silica exposure.
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Affiliation(s)
- Cihan Akgul Ozmen
- Dicle University School of Medicine Department of Radiology 21280, Diyarbakir, Turkey
| | - Hasan Nazaroglu
- Dicle University School of Medicine Department of Radiology 21280, Diyarbakir, Turkey
| | - Tekin Yildiz
- Dicle University School of Medicine Department of Chest Diseases and Tuberculosis 21280, Diyarbakir, Turkey
| | | | - Senem Senturk
- Dicle University School of Medicine Department of Radiology 21280, Diyarbakir, Turkey
| | - Gungor Ates
- Dicle University School of Medicine Department of Chest Diseases and Tuberculosis 21280, Diyarbakir, Turkey
| | - Levent Akyildiz
- Dicle University School of Medicine Department of Chest Diseases and Tuberculosis 21280, Diyarbakir, Turkey
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165
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Abstract
Despite federally mandated safety standards, occupational lung disease remains one of the most common work-related injuries. Inhaled dust can result in a range of tissue injury in the lung and can lead to significant respiratory insufficiency causing death. Although silicosis and coal worker's pneumoconiosis are becoming less common, hypersensitivity pneumonitis is increasingly recognized as an occupational lung disease with new antigens being introduced annually. Imaging, particularly high-resolution computed tomography, is central to the management of occupational lung disease and is useful in diagnosis, assessment of disease activity, and evaluating response to therapy.
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166
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Abstract
OBJECTIVE The purpose of this article is to describe the high-resolution CT (HRCT) features of uncommon occupational lung diseases. CONCLUSION HRCT plays an increasing role in the evaluation of occupational lung diseases. We present several cases of unusual occupational lung diseases and their HRCT findings. The diseases studied were siderosis, talcosis, berylliosis, calcicosis, hypersensitivity pneumonitis (due to wheat flour and isocyanates), and Ardystil syndrome. The characteristic HRCT findings together with clinical features and related occupational history improve the diagnostic accuracy of these diseases.
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167
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Kim MH, Lee HY, Nam KH, Lim JM, Jung BH, Ryu DS. The Clinical Significance of Bronchial Anthracofibrosis Associated with Coal Workers' Pneumoconiosis. Tuberc Respir Dis (Seoul) 2010. [DOI: 10.4046/trd.2010.68.2.67] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/24/2022] Open
Affiliation(s)
- Mi Hye Kim
- Department of Internal Medicine, Gangneung Asan Hospital, University of Ulsan College of Medicine, Gangneung, Korea
| | - Hong Yeul Lee
- Department of Internal Medicine, Gangneung Asan Hospital, University of Ulsan College of Medicine, Gangneung, Korea
| | - Ki Ho Nam
- Department of Internal Medicine, Gangneung Asan Hospital, University of Ulsan College of Medicine, Gangneung, Korea
| | - Jae Min Lim
- Department of Internal Medicine, Gangneung Asan Hospital, University of Ulsan College of Medicine, Gangneung, Korea
| | - Bock Hyun Jung
- Department of Internal Medicine, Gangneung Asan Hospital, University of Ulsan College of Medicine, Gangneung, Korea
| | - Dae Sick Ryu
- Department of Radiology, Gangneung Asan Hospital, University of Ulsan College of Medicine, Gangneung, Korea
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168
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Pipavath SN, Godwin JD, Kanne JP. Occupational Lung Disease: A Radiologic Review. Semin Roentgenol 2010; 45:43-52. [DOI: 10.1053/j.ro.2009.07.008] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/11/2022]
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169
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Langley RJ, Mishra NC, Peña-Philippides JC, Hutt JA, Sopori ML. Granuloma formation induced by low-dose chronic silica inhalation is associated with an anti-apoptotic response in Lewis rats. JOURNAL OF TOXICOLOGY AND ENVIRONMENTAL HEALTH. PART A 2010; 73:669-83. [PMID: 20391111 PMCID: PMC2856123 DOI: 10.1080/15287390903578521] [Citation(s) in RCA: 18] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/17/2023]
Abstract
Chronic human silicosis results primarily from continued occupational exposure to silica and exhibits a long asymptomatic latency. Similarly, continued exposure of Lewis rats to low doses of silica is known to cause delayed granuloma formation with limited lung inflammation and injury. On the other hand, intratracheal exposure to large doses of silica induces acute silicosis characterized by granuloma-like formations in the lung associated with apoptosis, severe alveolitis, and alveolar lipoproteinosis. To ascertain similarities/differences between acute and chronic silicosis, in this communication, we compared cellular and molecular changes in established rat models of acute and chronic silicosis. In Lewis rats, acute silicosis was induced by intratracheal instillation of 35 mg silica, and chronic silicosis through inhalation of aerosolized silica (6.2 mg/m(3), 5 d/wk for 6 wk). Animals exposed to acute high-dose silica were sacrificed at 14 d after silica instillation while chronically silica-treated animals were sacrificed between 4 d and 28 wk after silica exposure. The lung granulomas formation in acute silicosis was associated with strong inflammation, presence of TUNEL-positive cells, and increases in caspase-3 activity and other molecular markers of apoptosis. On the other hand, lungs from chronically silica-exposed animals exhibited limited inflammation and increased expression of anti-apoptotic markers, including dramatic increases in Bcl-2 and procaspase-3, and lower caspase-3 activity. Moreover, chronic silicotic lungs were TUNEL-negative and overexpressed Bcl-3 and NF-kappaB-p50 but not NF-kappaB-p65 subunits. These results suggest that, unlike acute silicosis, chronic exposures to occupationally relevant doses of silica cause significantly lower lung inflammation and elevated expression of anti-apoptotic rather than proapoptotic markers in the lung that might result from interaction between NF-kappaB-p50 and Bcl-3.
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Affiliation(s)
| | | | | | | | - Mohan L. Sopori
- Address correspondence and reprint requests to: Mohan Sopori, Ph.D., Immunology Program, Lovelace Respiratory Research Institute, 2425 Ridgecrest Dr., SE, Albuquerque, NM 87108, Tel.: (505) 348-9440; Fax: (505) 348-4986;
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170
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Silicoantracosis: una forma de presentación clinicorradiológica excepcional simulando metástasis pulmonares. RADIOLOGIA 2009; 51:601-4. [DOI: 10.1016/j.rx.2009.05.007] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/02/2009] [Revised: 05/14/2009] [Accepted: 05/20/2009] [Indexed: 11/21/2022]
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171
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Wick MR, Kendall TJ, Ritter JH. Asbestosis: demonstration of distinctive interstitial fibroelastosis: a pilot study. Ann Diagn Pathol 2009; 13:297-302. [PMID: 19751905 DOI: 10.1016/j.anndiagpath.2009.05.003] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/21/2009] [Accepted: 05/21/2009] [Indexed: 11/30/2022]
Abstract
Asbestosis has long been defined as a diffuse interstitial "fibrotic" process, in similarity to other chronic interstitial pulmonary diseases. To address the hypothesis (which was based on morphological nuances) that the interstitial connective tissue response in asbestosis may be fibroelastotic rather than fibrotic, a comparative characterization of the connective response in cases of asbestosis and other forms of interstitial lung disease was performed. Archival open lung biopsies or autopsy specimens of pulmonary diseases featuring interstitial connective tissue abnormalities (15 of asbestosis, 21 of organizing pneumonia, 15 usual interstitial pneumonitis/idiopathic pulmonary fibrosis [IPF], 9 organizing diffuse alveolar damage, 9 "nonspecific" interstitial pneumonitis, 4 sarcoidosis, 3 each of desquamative interstitial pneumonia and chronic amiodarone toxicity, 2 cryptogenic organizing pneumonias, and 1 each of chronic hypersensitivity pneumonitis and chronic eosinophilic pneumonitis [85 total]) were stained histochemically with hematoxylin and eosin, Perl's method, Gomori's trichrome procedure, and the Verhoeff-van Gieson technique. Representative subsets of the cases (n = 20) were also studied immunohistologically using an antibody to elastin. Fibroelastosis in each of the samples was assessed for the degree of response and its location using a 3-tiered scale. The degree of fibroelastosis in the 15 cases of asbestosis was variable, with the pattern being peribronchial and perivascular in all instances; at least 2 asbestos bodies were identified in fibroelastotic foci in each of the 15 cases as highlighted with Perl's stain. Forty-seven cases of nonasbestotic lung disease (71%) showed interstitial fibrosis with a variable (usually modest) amount of admixed elastic tissue; when present, elastic fibers were distributed in a diffuse interstitial pattern, with or without perivascular accentuation. All cases of IPF also showed areas of fibroelastosis, but those foci were confined to regions of overt "honeycomb" change. No asbestos bodies were seen in any disease except asbestosis, and a predominantly peribronchial pattern of fibroelastosis was not identified in any nonasbestotic interstitial lung disease in this study. The authors conclude that the types and patterns of pulmonary connective tissue response in interstitial lung diseases may provide additional diagnostic clues to the presence of asbestosis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mark R Wick
- Division of Surgical Pathology, University of Virginia Medical Center, Charlottesville, VA 22908-0214, USA.
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172
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Modrykamien A, Christie H, Farver C, Ashton RW. A 38-year-old welder with dyspnea and iron overload. Chest 2009; 136:310-313. [PMID: 19584215 DOI: 10.1378/chest.08-2954] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/01/2022] Open
Affiliation(s)
| | | | - Carol Farver
- Department of Anatomic Pathology, Cleveland Clinic, Cleveland, OH
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173
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Riehemann K, Schneider S, Luger T, Godin B, Ferrari M, Fuchs H. Nanomedizin - Herausforderung und Perspektiven. Angew Chem Int Ed Engl 2009. [DOI: 10.1002/ange.200802585] [Citation(s) in RCA: 71] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/27/2022]
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174
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Riehemann K, Schneider SW, Luger TA, Godin B, Ferrari M, Fuchs H. Nanomedicine--challenge and perspectives. Angew Chem Int Ed Engl 2009; 48:872-97. [PMID: 19142939 PMCID: PMC4175737 DOI: 10.1002/anie.200802585] [Citation(s) in RCA: 836] [Impact Index Per Article: 55.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/12/2022]
Abstract
The application of nanotechnology concepts to medicine joins two large cross-disciplinary fields with an unprecedented societal and economical potential arising from the natural combination of specific achievements in the respective fields. The common basis evolves from the molecular-scale properties relevant to the two fields. Local probes and molecular imaging techniques allow surface and interface properties to be characterized on a nanometer scale at predefined locations, while chemical approaches offer the opportunity to elaborate and address surfaces, for example, for targeted drug delivery, enhanced biocompatibility, and neuroprosthetic purposes. However, concerns arise in this cross-disciplinary area about toxicological aspects and ethical implications. This Review gives an overview of selected recent developments and applications of nanomedicine.
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Affiliation(s)
- Kristina Riehemann
- Dr. K. Riehemann, Prof. Dr. H. Fuchs, Center for Nanotechnology (CeNTech) and Physical Institute; WWU Münster, Wilhelm Klemm-Str. 10, 48149 Münster, Germany, Fax:+49 (251) 83 33602, , Homepage: http://www.uni-muenster.de/Physik.PI/Fuchs/
| | | | | | | | | | - Harald Fuchs
- Dr. K. Riehemann, Prof. Dr. H. Fuchs, Center for Nanotechnology (CeNTech) and Physical Institute; WWU Münster, Wilhelm Klemm-Str. 10, 48149 Münster, Germany, Fax:+49 (251) 83 33602, , Homepage: http://www.uni-muenster.de/Physik.PI/Fuchs/
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175
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Nagato L, Lourenço M, Cadete R, Leite-Júnior J, Koatz V, Rocco P, Faffe D, Zin W. Microcrystalline cellulose induces time-dependent lung functional and inflammatory changes. Respir Physiol Neurobiol 2008; 164:331-7. [DOI: 10.1016/j.resp.2008.08.005] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/08/2008] [Revised: 08/07/2008] [Accepted: 08/08/2008] [Indexed: 10/21/2022]
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176
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Barboza CEG, Winter DH, Seiscento M, Santos UDP, Terra Filho M. Tuberculose e silicose: epidemiologia, diagnóstico e quimioprofilaxia. J Bras Pneumol 2008; 34:959-66. [DOI: 10.1590/s1806-37132008001100012] [Citation(s) in RCA: 54] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/09/2008] [Accepted: 03/03/2008] [Indexed: 11/22/2022] Open
Abstract
A silicose, a mais prevalente das pneumoconioses, é provocada pela inalação de partículas de sílica cristalina. Indivíduos expostos à sílica, com ou sem silicose, apresentam risco aumentado de tuberculose e de micobacterioses não-tuberculosas. O risco de silicóticos desenvolverem tuberculose em relação a controles sadios varia de 2,8 a 39 vezes, em conformidade com a gravidade da doença de base. Têm sido estudados diferentes esquemas de quimioprofilaxia para tuberculose em silicóticos, todos com eficácia semelhante e com redução final de risco para cerca da metade em relação ao uso de placebo. São, no entanto, esquemas de longa duração, o que, acrescido dos possíveis efeitos colaterais (particularmente hepatotoxicidade), podem prejudicar a aderência. As diretrizes atuais recomendam a realização de prova tuberculínica e, se positiva, a instituição de quimioprofilaxia. São vários os esquemas possíveis, tanto em termos de drogas quanto de duração. Nossa recomendação é de que se use isoniazida na dose de 300 mg/dia (ou 10 mg/kg/dia) por seis meses para os indivíduos com silicose ou sadios com exposição superior a 10 anos, se forem reatores fortes à prova tuberculínica (induração > 10 mm). São necessários, no entanto, novos estudos para que indicações, drogas, doses e duração da profilaxia sejam definidas mais apropriadamente.
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177
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Mohebbi I, Zubeyri T. Radiological Progression and Mortality among Silica Flour Packers: A Longitudinal Study. Inhal Toxicol 2008; 19:1011-7. [DOI: 10.1080/08958370701533517] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/20/2022]
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178
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Abstract
Find out about this common but lesser-known respiratory condition and how to help your patient.
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Affiliation(s)
- Bill Pruitt
- Department of Cardiorespiratory Sciences, University of South Alabama, Mobile, USA
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179
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Umemura S, Fujimoto N, Hiraki A, Gemba K, Takigawa N, Fujiwara K, Fujii M, Umemura H, Satoh M, Tabata M, Ueoka H, Kiura K, Kishimoto T, Tanimoto M. Aberrant promoter hypermethylation in serum DNA from patients with silicosis. Carcinogenesis 2008; 29:1845-9. [PMID: 18632757 DOI: 10.1093/carcin/bgn169] [Citation(s) in RCA: 25] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/13/2022] Open
Abstract
It is well established that patients with silicosis are at high risk for lung cancer; however, it is difficult to detect lung cancer by chest radiography during follow-up treatment of patients with silicosis because of preexisting diffuse pulmonary shadows. The purpose of this study is to evaluate the usefulness of detection of serum DNA methylation for early detection of lung cancer in silicosis. Serum samples from healthy controls (n = 20) and silicosis patients with (n = 11) and without (n = 67) lung cancer were tested for aberrant hypermethylation at the promoters of the DNA repair gene O(6)-methylguanine-DNA methyltransferase (MGMT), p16(INK4a), ras association domain family 1A (RASSF1A), the apoptosis-related gene death-associated protein kinase (DAPK) and retinoic acid receptor beta (RARbeta) by methylation-specific polymerase chain reaction. Aberrant promoter methylation in at least one of five tumor suppressor genes was detected more frequently in the serum DNA of silicosis patients with lung cancer than in that of patients without it (P = 0.006). Furthermore, the odds ratio of having lung cancer was 9.77 (P = 0.009) for those silicosis patients with methylation of at least one gene. Extended exposure to silica (>30 years) was correlated with an increased methylation frequency (P = 0.017); however, methylation status did not correlate with age, smoking history or radiographic findings of silicosis. These results suggest that testing for aberrant promoter methylation of tumor suppressor genes using serum DNA may facilitate early detection of lung cancer in patients with silicosis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Shigeki Umemura
- Department of Hematology, Oncology and Respiratory Medicine, Graduate School of Medicine, Dentistry and Pharmaceutical Sciences, Okayama University, Okayama 7008558, Japan
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180
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CT findings in silicosis due to denim sandblasting. Eur Radiol 2008; 18:2739-44. [PMID: 18581116 DOI: 10.1007/s00330-008-1061-3] [Citation(s) in RCA: 21] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/03/2007] [Revised: 04/29/2008] [Accepted: 05/02/2008] [Indexed: 10/21/2022]
Abstract
The purpose of this study was to describe the findings of CT performed on denim sandblasters with silicosis. Fifty consecutive male patients with silicosis were evaluated. Their clinical data and pulmonary function tests (PFT) were obtained. The CT findings were recorded and the correlations between CT nodular profusion score and the other parameters were assessed. The diagnoses of the patients were classified as accelerated silicosis (n = 43) and acute silicosis (n = 7). The most common CT finding was centrilobular nodules. Twenty-three patients had complicated silicosis based on pleural involvement and presence of progressive massive fibrosis (PMF). Lymphadenopathy (LAP) was positive in 50% of the patients, with calcification in 24%. The CT grade was highly correlated with the clinical data such as exposure duration and PFT. Our findings suggest that the clinical manifestation of silicosis in denim sandblasters is severe. Although the duration of exposure is shorter the rate of complicated silicosis patients with pleural involvement was unexpectedly higher in the cases. Because the most common radiological appearance was nodules and the CT grading of the nodules was highly correlated with the clinical data, nodule grading may be used in the management of such cases.
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181
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Rossi G, Cadioli A, Casali C. Double Synchronous Pulmonary Lymphatic-Related Lesions. Int J Surg Pathol 2008; 16:430-2. [DOI: 10.1177/1066896908315751] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/13/2023]
Abstract
A wide range of pathologies may primarily affect the lymphatic vessels in the lungs. In this article, a unique case of pulmonary silicosis associated with a subtle lymphangitic carcinomatosis from an unknown prostate cancer is reported and discussed.
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Affiliation(s)
- Giulio Rossi
- Sections of Pathologic Anatomy, Azienda Policlinico, Modena, Italy,
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182
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Hansell DM, Bankier AA, MacMahon H, McLoud TC, Müller NL, Remy J. Fleischner Society: Glossary of Terms for Thoracic Imaging. Radiology 2008; 246:697-722. [DOI: 10.1148/radiol.2462070712] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2674] [Impact Index Per Article: 167.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/11/2022]
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183
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O'Regan K, McSweeney S, Alkoteesh JAD. Persistent cough in a 61-year-old male. Ann Thorac Med 2008; 3:31-3. [PMID: 19561882 PMCID: PMC2700434 DOI: 10.4103/1817-1737.38050] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/18/2007] [Accepted: 07/29/2007] [Indexed: 11/09/2022] Open
Affiliation(s)
- Kevin O'Regan
- Department of Diagnostic Imaging, Cork University Hospital, Wilton, Cork, Ireland.
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184
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185
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Szeinuk J, Wilk-Rivard EJ. Case report: silicatosis in a carpet installer. ENVIRONMENTAL HEALTH PERSPECTIVES 2007; 115:932-5. [PMID: 17589602 PMCID: PMC1892149 DOI: 10.1289/ehp.9691] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/07/2006] [Accepted: 03/01/2007] [Indexed: 05/16/2023]
Abstract
CONTEXT Chronic exposure to talc in the course of carpet installation can result in pneumoconiosis. CASE PRESENTATION We present a case of a young carpet installer who was diagnosed with silicatosis of the lung. Review of occupational history revealed that the patient had been working as a carpet installer for approximately 15 years, since he was 15 years of age. The patient was exposed to talc in the course of his work. DISCUSSION Exposure to talc in the course of carpet installation has not been reported as a possible cause of pneumoconiosis. In this article we review different causes of silicatosis and discuss chronic exposure in the course of carpet installation and development of pneumoconiosis. In addition, we also review the relevance of mycobacterial infection in cases of silicosis and silicatosis. RELEVANCE TO CLINICAL OR PROFESSIONAL PRACTICE Exposure to talc in the course of carpet installation should be added to conditions that can cause pneumoconioses, specifically silicatosis of the lung.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jaime Szeinuk
- Mount Sinai-Irving J. Selikoff Center for Occupational and Environmental Medicine, Department of Community and Preventive Medicine, Mount Sinai School of Medicine, New York, New York, USA.
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186
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Je SK, Ahn MI, Park YH, Kim CH. Detection of a Small Lung Cancer Hidden in Pneumoconiosis With Progressive Massive Fibrosis Using F-18 Fluorodeoxyglucose PET/CT. Clin Nucl Med 2007; 32:247-8. [PMID: 17314613 DOI: 10.1097/01.rlu.0000255240.52099.06] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/26/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Su Kyung Je
- Department of Radiology and Nuclear Medicine, St. Vincent's Hospital, The Catholic University of Korea, Suwon, Korea
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