151
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Kim DH, Kim L, Park W, Chang WH, Kim YH, Lee SW, Kwon GH. Analysis of Time-Dependent Brain Network on Active and MI Tasks for Chronic Stroke Patients. PLoS One 2015; 10:e0139441. [PMID: 26656269 PMCID: PMC4679158 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0139441] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/25/2015] [Accepted: 09/13/2015] [Indexed: 01/21/2023] Open
Abstract
Several researchers have analyzed brain activities by investigating brain networks. However, there is a lack of the research on the temporal characteristics of the brain network during a stroke by EEG and the comparative studies between motor execution and imagery, which became known to have similar motor functions and pathways. In this study, we proposed the possibility of temporal characteristics on the brain networks of a stroke. We analyzed the temporal properties of the brain networks for nine chronic stroke patients by the active and motor imagery tasks by EEG. High beta band has a specific role in the brain network during motor tasks. In the high beta band, for the active task, there were significant characteristics of centrality and small-worldness on bilateral primary motor cortices at the initial motor execution. The degree centrality significantly increased on the contralateral primary motor cortex, and local efficiency increased on the ipsilateral primary motor cortex. These results indicate that the ipsilateral primary motor cortex constructed a powerful subnetwork by influencing the linked channels as compensatory effect, although the contralateral primary motor cortex organized an inefficient network by using the connected channels due to lesions. For the MI task, degree centrality and local efficiency significantly decreased on the somatosensory area at the initial motor imagery. Then, there were significant correlations between the properties of brain networks and motor function on the contralateral primary motor cortex and somatosensory area for each motor execution/imagery task. Our results represented that the active and MI tasks have different mechanisms of motor acts. Based on these results, we indicated the possibility of customized rehabilitation according to different motor tasks. We expect these results to help in the construction of the customized rehabilitation system depending on motor tasks by understanding temporal functional characteristics on brain network for a stroke.
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Affiliation(s)
- Da-Hye Kim
- Center for Bionics, Korea Institute of Science and Technology, Seoul, Korea
- Department of Brain and Cognitive Engineering, Korea University, Seoul, Korea
| | - Leahyun Kim
- Center for Bionics, Korea Institute of Science and Technology, Seoul, Korea
- Department of HCI & Robotics, University of Science and Technology, Seoul, Korea
| | - Wanjoo Park
- Center for Bionics, Korea Institute of Science and Technology, Seoul, Korea
- Department of Brain and Cognitive Engineering, Korea University, Seoul, Korea
| | - Won Hyuk Chang
- Department of Physical and Rehabilitation Medicine, Center for Prevention and Rehabilitation, Heart Vascular and Stroke Institute, Samsung Medical Center, Sungkyunkwan University School of Medicine, Seoul, Korea
| | - Yun-Hee Kim
- Department of Physical and Rehabilitation Medicine, Center for Prevention and Rehabilitation, Heart Vascular and Stroke Institute, Samsung Medical Center, Sungkyunkwan University School of Medicine, Seoul, Korea
| | - Seong-Whan Lee
- Department of Brain and Cognitive Engineering, Korea University, Seoul, Korea
| | - Gyu Hyun Kwon
- Graduate School of Technology & Innovation Management, Hanyang University, Seoul, Korea
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152
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Pilgramm S, de Haas B, Helm F, Zentgraf K, Stark R, Munzert J, Krüger B. Motor imagery of hand actions: Decoding the content of motor imagery from brain activity in frontal and parietal motor areas. Hum Brain Mapp 2015; 37:81-93. [PMID: 26452176 PMCID: PMC4737127 DOI: 10.1002/hbm.23015] [Citation(s) in RCA: 63] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/26/2015] [Revised: 09/22/2015] [Accepted: 09/24/2015] [Indexed: 02/05/2023] Open
Abstract
How motor maps are organized while imagining actions is an intensely debated issue. It is particularly unclear whether motor imagery relies on action‐specific representations in premotor and posterior parietal cortices. This study tackled this issue by attempting to decode the content of motor imagery from spatial patterns of Blood Oxygen Level Dependent (BOLD) signals recorded in the frontoparietal motor imagery network. During fMRI‐scanning, 20 right‐handed volunteers worked on three experimental conditions and one baseline condition. In the experimental conditions, they had to imagine three different types of right‐hand actions: an aiming movement, an extension–flexion movement, and a squeezing movement. The identity of imagined actions was decoded from the spatial patterns of BOLD signals they evoked in premotor and posterior parietal cortices using multivoxel pattern analysis. Results showed that the content of motor imagery (i.e., the action type) could be decoded significantly above chance level from the spatial patterns of BOLD signals in both frontal (PMC, M1) and parietal areas (SPL, IPL, IPS). An exploratory searchlight analysis revealed significant clusters motor‐ and motor‐associated cortices, as well as in visual cortices. Hence, the data provide evidence that patterns of activity within premotor and posterior parietal cortex vary systematically with the specific type of hand action being imagined. Hum Brain Mapp 37:81–93, 2016. © 2015 The Authors. Human Brain Mapping Published by Wiley Periodicals, Inc.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sebastian Pilgramm
- Bender Institute of Neuroimaging, Justus Liebig University Giessen, Germany
| | - Benjamin de Haas
- Institute of Cognitive Neuroscience, University College London, United Kingdom.,Experimental Psychology, University College London, United Kingdom
| | - Fabian Helm
- Institute for Sports Science, Justus Liebig University Giessen, Germany
| | - Karen Zentgraf
- Bender Institute of Neuroimaging, Justus Liebig University Giessen, Germany.,Institute of Sport and Exercise Sciences, University of Muenster, Germany
| | - Rudolf Stark
- Bender Institute of Neuroimaging, Justus Liebig University Giessen, Germany
| | - Jörn Munzert
- Institute for Sports Science, Justus Liebig University Giessen, Germany
| | - Britta Krüger
- Bender Institute of Neuroimaging, Justus Liebig University Giessen, Germany.,Institute for Sports Science, Justus Liebig University Giessen, Germany
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153
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Tian X, Poeppel D. Dynamics of self-monitoring and error detection in speech production: evidence from mental imagery and MEG. J Cogn Neurosci 2015; 27:352-64. [PMID: 25061925 DOI: 10.1162/jocn_a_00692] [Citation(s) in RCA: 46] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/04/2022]
Abstract
A critical subroutine of self-monitoring during speech production is to detect any deviance between expected and actual auditory feedback. Here we investigated the associated neural dynamics using MEG recording in mental-imagery-of-speech paradigms. Participants covertly articulated the vowel /a/; their own (individually recorded) speech was played back, with parametric manipulation using four levels of pitch shift, crossed with four levels of onset delay. A nonmonotonic function was observed in early auditory responses when the onset delay was shorter than 100 msec: Suppression was observed for normal playback, but enhancement for pitch-shifted playback; however, the magnitude of enhancement decreased at the largest level of pitch shift that was out of pitch range for normal conversion, as suggested in two behavioral experiments. No difference was observed among different types of playback when the onset delay was longer than 100 msec. These results suggest that the prediction suppresses the response to normal feedback, which mediates source monitoring. When auditory feedback does not match the prediction, an "error term" is generated, which underlies deviance detection. We argue that, based on the observed nonmonotonic function, a frequency window (addressing spectral difference) and a time window (constraining temporal difference) jointly regulate the comparison between prediction and feedback in speech.
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154
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Lewkowicz D, Quesque F, Coello Y, Delevoye-Turrell YN. Individual differences in reading social intentions from motor deviants. Front Psychol 2015; 6:1175. [PMID: 26347673 PMCID: PMC4538241 DOI: 10.3389/fpsyg.2015.01175] [Citation(s) in RCA: 16] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/08/2015] [Accepted: 07/26/2015] [Indexed: 11/13/2022] Open
Abstract
As social animals, it is crucial to understand others’ intention. But is it possible to detect social intention in two actions that have the exact same motor goal? In the present study, we presented participants with video clips of an individual reaching for and grasping an object to either use it (personal trial) or to give his partner the opportunity to use it (social trial). In Experiment 1, the ability of naïve participants to classify correctly social trials through simple observation of short video clips was tested. In addition, detection levels were analyzed as a function of individual scores in psychological questionnaires of motor imagery, visual imagery, and social cognition. Results revealed that the between-participant heterogeneity in the ability to distinguish social from personal actions was predicted by the social skill abilities. A second experiment was then conducted to assess what predictive mechanism could contribute to the detection of social intention. Video clips were sliced and normalized to control for either the reaction times (RTs) or/and the movement times (MTs) of the grasping action. Tested in a second group of participants, results showed that the detection of social intention relies on the variation of both RT and MT that are implicitly perceived in the grasping action. The ability to use implicitly these motor deviants for action-outcome understanding would be the key to intuitive social interaction.
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Affiliation(s)
- Daniel Lewkowicz
- SCALab, UMR CNRS 9193, Department of Psychology, Université de Lille , Villeneuve-d'Ascq, France
| | - Francois Quesque
- SCALab, UMR CNRS 9193, Department of Psychology, Université de Lille , Villeneuve-d'Ascq, France
| | - Yann Coello
- SCALab, UMR CNRS 9193, Department of Psychology, Université de Lille , Villeneuve-d'Ascq, France
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155
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Laguë-Beauvais M, Fraser SA, Desjardins-Crépeau L, Castonguay N, Desjardins M, Lesage F, Bherer L. Shedding light on the effect of priority instructions during dual-task performance in younger and older adults: A fNIRS study. Brain Cogn 2015; 98:1-14. [DOI: 10.1016/j.bandc.2015.05.001] [Citation(s) in RCA: 16] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/04/2013] [Revised: 10/04/2014] [Accepted: 05/12/2015] [Indexed: 11/17/2022]
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156
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Kim SS, Lee BH. Motor imagery training improves upper extremity performance in stroke patients. J Phys Ther Sci 2015; 27:2289-91. [PMID: 26311968 PMCID: PMC4540865 DOI: 10.1589/jpts.27.2289] [Citation(s) in RCA: 20] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/25/2015] [Accepted: 04/16/2015] [Indexed: 01/19/2023] Open
Abstract
[Purpose] The purpose of this study was to investigate whether motor imagery training has
a positive influence on upper extremity performance in stroke patients. [Subjects and
Methods] Twenty-four patients were randomly assigned to one of the following two groups:
motor imagery (n = 12) or control (n = 12). Over the
course of 4 weeks, the motor imagery group participated in 30 minutes of motor imagery
training on each of the 18 tasks (9 hours total) related to their daily living activities.
After the 4-week intervention period, the Fugl-Meyer Assessment-Upper Extremity outcomes
and Wolf Motor Function Test outcomes were compared. [Results] The post-test score of the
motor imagery group on the Fugl-Meyer Assessment-Upper Extremity outcomes was
significantly higher than that of the control group. In particular, the shoulder and wrist
sub-items demonstrated improvement in the motor imagery group. [Conclusion] Motor imagery
training has a positive influence on upper extremity performance by improving functional
mobility during stroke rehabilitation. These results suggest that motor imagery training
is feasible and beneficial for improving upper extremity function in stroke patients.
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Affiliation(s)
- Seong-Sik Kim
- Graduate School of Physical Therapy, Sahmyook University, Republic of Korea
| | - Byoung-Hee Lee
- Department of Physical Therapy, Sahmyook University, Republic of Korea
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157
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Abstract
It is well understood that the brain integrates information that is provided to our different senses to generate a coherent multisensory percept of the world around us (Stein and Stanford, 2008), but how does the brain handle concurrent sensory information from our mind and the external world? Recent behavioral experiments have found that mental imagery--the internal representation of sensory stimuli in one's mind--can also lead to integrated multisensory perception (Berger and Ehrsson, 2013); however, the neural mechanisms of this process have not yet been explored. Here, using functional magnetic resonance imaging and an adapted version of a well known multisensory illusion (i.e., the ventriloquist illusion; Howard and Templeton, 1966), we investigated the neural basis of mental imagery-induced multisensory perception in humans. We found that simultaneous visual mental imagery and auditory stimulation led to an illusory translocation of auditory stimuli and was associated with increased activity in the left superior temporal sulcus (L. STS), a key site for the integration of real audiovisual stimuli (Beauchamp et al., 2004a, 2010; Driver and Noesselt, 2008; Ghazanfar et al., 2008; Dahl et al., 2009). This imagery-induced ventriloquist illusion was also associated with increased effective connectivity between the L. STS and the auditory cortex. These findings suggest an important role of the temporal association cortex in integrating imagined visual stimuli with real auditory stimuli, and further suggest that connectivity between the STS and auditory cortex plays a modulatory role in spatially localizing auditory stimuli in the presence of imagined visual stimuli.
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158
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Nicolas-Alonso LF, Corralejo R, Gomez-Pilar J, Álvarez D, Hornero R. Adaptive semi-supervised classification to reduce intersession non-stationarity in multiclass motor imagery-based brain–computer interfaces. Neurocomputing 2015. [DOI: 10.1016/j.neucom.2015.02.005] [Citation(s) in RCA: 63] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/25/2022]
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159
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Lima CF, Lavan N, Evans S, Agnew Z, Halpern AR, Shanmugalingam P, Meekings S, Boebinger D, Ostarek M, McGettigan C, Warren JE, Scott SK. Feel the Noise: Relating Individual Differences in Auditory Imagery to the Structure and Function of Sensorimotor Systems. Cereb Cortex 2015; 25:4638-50. [PMID: 26092220 PMCID: PMC4816805 DOI: 10.1093/cercor/bhv134] [Citation(s) in RCA: 39] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/16/2022] Open
Abstract
Humans can generate mental auditory images of voices or songs, sometimes perceiving them almost as vividly as perceptual experiences. The functional networks supporting auditory imagery have been described, but less is known about the systems associated with interindividual differences in auditory imagery. Combining voxel-based morphometry and fMRI, we examined the structural basis of interindividual differences in how auditory images are subjectively perceived, and explored associations between auditory imagery, sensory-based processing, and visual imagery. Vividness of auditory imagery correlated with gray matter volume in the supplementary motor area (SMA), parietal cortex, medial superior frontal gyrus, and middle frontal gyrus. An analysis of functional responses to different types of human vocalizations revealed that the SMA and parietal sites that predict imagery are also modulated by sound type. Using representational similarity analysis, we found that higher representational specificity of heard sounds in SMA predicts vividness of imagery, indicating a mechanistic link between sensory- and imagery-based processing in sensorimotor cortex. Vividness of imagery in the visual domain also correlated with SMA structure, and with auditory imagery scores. Altogether, these findings provide evidence for a signature of imagery in brain structure, and highlight a common role of perceptual–motor interactions for processing heard and internally generated auditory information.
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Affiliation(s)
- César F Lima
- Institute of Cognitive Neuroscience Center for Psychology, University of Porto, Porto, Portugal
| | - Nadine Lavan
- Institute of Cognitive Neuroscience Department of Psychology, Royal Holloway University of London, London, UK
| | | | - Zarinah Agnew
- Institute of Cognitive Neuroscience Department of Otolaryngology, University of California, San Francisco, USA
| | | | | | | | | | | | - Carolyn McGettigan
- Institute of Cognitive Neuroscience Department of Psychology, Royal Holloway University of London, London, UK
| | - Jane E Warren
- Faculty of Brain Sciences, University College London, London, UK
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160
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Grabherr L, Jola C, Berra G, Theiler R, Mast FW. Motor imagery training improves precision of an upper limb movement in patients with hemiparesis. NeuroRehabilitation 2015; 36:157-66. [DOI: 10.3233/nre-151203] [Citation(s) in RCA: 23] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/15/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Luzia Grabherr
- Department of Psychology, University of Bern, Bern, Switzerland
- School of Health Sciences, University of South Australia, Adelaide, Australia
| | - Corinne Jola
- Division of Social and Health Sciences - Psychology, Abertay University, Dundee, UK
| | - Gilberto Berra
- Department of Rheumatology, Physical Medicine and Rehabilitation, Triemli City Hospital, Zurich, Switzerland
| | - Robert Theiler
- Department of Rheumatology, Physical Medicine and Rehabilitation, Triemli City Hospital, Zurich, Switzerland
| | - Fred W. Mast
- Department of Psychology, University of Bern, Bern, Switzerland
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161
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Konoike N, Kotozaki Y, Jeong H, Miyazaki A, Sakaki K, Shinada T, Sugiura M, Kawashima R, Nakamura K. Temporal and Motor Representation of Rhythm in Fronto-Parietal Cortical Areas: An fMRI Study. PLoS One 2015; 10:e0130120. [PMID: 26076024 PMCID: PMC4468110 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0130120] [Citation(s) in RCA: 21] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/21/2015] [Accepted: 05/18/2015] [Indexed: 11/18/2022] Open
Abstract
When sounds occur with temporally structured patterns, we can feel a rhythm. To memorize a rhythm, perception of its temporal patterns and organization of them into a hierarchically structured sequence are necessary. On the other hand, rhythm perception can often cause unintentional body movements. Thus, we hypothesized that rhythm information can be manifested in two different ways; temporal and motor representations. The motor representation depends on effectors, such as the finger or foot, whereas the temporal representation is effector-independent. We tested our hypothesis with a working memory paradigm to elucidate neuronal correlates of temporal or motor representation of rhythm and to reveal the neural networks associated with these representations. We measured brain activity by fMRI while participants memorized rhythms and reproduced them by tapping with the right finger, left finger, or foot, or by articulation. The right inferior frontal gyrus and the inferior parietal lobule exhibited significant effector-independent activations during encoding and retrieval of rhythm information, whereas the left inferior parietal lobule and supplementary motor area (SMA) showed effector-dependent activations during retrieval. These results suggest that temporal sequences of rhythm are probably represented in the right fronto-parietal network, whereas motor sequences of rhythm can be represented in the SMA-parietal network.
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Affiliation(s)
- Naho Konoike
- Primate Research Institute, Kyoto University, Kanrin 41–2, Inuyama-city, Aichi, 484–8506, Japan
| | - Yuka Kotozaki
- Institute of Development, Aging and Cancer (IDAC), Tohoku University, Seiryo-machi 4–1, Aoba-ku, Sendai, 980–8575, Japan
| | - Hyeonjeong Jeong
- Institute of Development, Aging and Cancer (IDAC), Tohoku University, Seiryo-machi 4–1, Aoba-ku, Sendai, 980–8575, Japan
| | - Atsuko Miyazaki
- Institute of Development, Aging and Cancer (IDAC), Tohoku University, Seiryo-machi 4–1, Aoba-ku, Sendai, 980–8575, Japan
| | - Kohei Sakaki
- Institute of Development, Aging and Cancer (IDAC), Tohoku University, Seiryo-machi 4–1, Aoba-ku, Sendai, 980–8575, Japan
| | - Takamitsu Shinada
- Institute of Development, Aging and Cancer (IDAC), Tohoku University, Seiryo-machi 4–1, Aoba-ku, Sendai, 980–8575, Japan
| | - Motoaki Sugiura
- Institute of Development, Aging and Cancer (IDAC), Tohoku University, Seiryo-machi 4–1, Aoba-ku, Sendai, 980–8575, Japan
| | - Ryuta Kawashima
- Institute of Development, Aging and Cancer (IDAC), Tohoku University, Seiryo-machi 4–1, Aoba-ku, Sendai, 980–8575, Japan
| | - Katsuki Nakamura
- Primate Research Institute, Kyoto University, Kanrin 41–2, Inuyama-city, Aichi, 484–8506, Japan
- * E-mail:
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162
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Case LK, Pineda J, Ramachandran VS. Common coding and dynamic interactions between observed, imagined, and experienced motor and somatosensory activity. Neuropsychologia 2015; 79:233-45. [PMID: 25863237 DOI: 10.1016/j.neuropsychologia.2015.04.005] [Citation(s) in RCA: 26] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/23/2014] [Revised: 03/01/2015] [Accepted: 04/03/2015] [Indexed: 01/25/2023]
Abstract
Motor imagery and perception - considered generally as forms of motor simulation - share overlapping neural representations with motor production. While much research has focused on the extent of this "common coding," less attention has been paid to how these overlapping representations interact. How do imagined, observed, or produced actions influence one another, and how do we maintain control over our perception and behavior? In the first part of this review we describe interactions between motor production and motor simulation, and explore apparent regulatory mechanisms that balance these processes. Next, we consider the somatosensory system. Numerous studies now support a "sensory mirror system" comprised of neural representations activated by either afferent sensation or vicarious sensation. In the second part of this review we summarize evidence for shared representations of sensation and sensory simulation (including imagery and observed sensation), and suggest that similar interactions and regulation of simulation occur in the somatosensory domain as in the motor domain. We suggest that both motor and somatosensory simulations are flexibly regulated to support simulations congruent with our sensorimotor experience and goals and suppress or separate the influence of those that are not. These regulatory mechanisms are frequently revealed by cases of brain injury but can also be employed to facilitate sensorimotor rehabilitation.
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Affiliation(s)
- Laura K Case
- Center for Brain and Cognition, University of California, San Diego, USA; Pain and Integrative Neuroscience Branch, National Center for Complementary and Integrative Health, National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, MD, USA.
| | - Jaime Pineda
- Department of Cognitive Science, University of California, San Diego, USA
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163
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Grosprêtre S, Ruffino C, Lebon F. Motor imagery and cortico-spinal excitability: A review. Eur J Sport Sci 2015; 16:317-24. [DOI: 10.1080/17461391.2015.1024756] [Citation(s) in RCA: 51] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/23/2022]
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164
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Bauer R, Fels M, Vukelić M, Ziemann U, Gharabaghi A. Bridging the gap between motor imagery and motor execution with a brain–robot interface. Neuroimage 2015; 108:319-27. [DOI: 10.1016/j.neuroimage.2014.12.026] [Citation(s) in RCA: 67] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/13/2014] [Revised: 10/31/2014] [Accepted: 12/09/2014] [Indexed: 01/29/2023] Open
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165
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Kato K, Watanabe J, Muraoka T, Kanosue K. Motor imagery of voluntary muscle relaxation induces temporal reduction of corticospinal excitability. Neurosci Res 2015; 92:39-45. [DOI: 10.1016/j.neures.2014.10.013] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/05/2014] [Revised: 10/07/2014] [Accepted: 10/23/2014] [Indexed: 10/24/2022]
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166
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Motor skill failure or flow-experience? Functional brain asymmetry and brain connectivity in elite and amateur table tennis players. Biol Psychol 2015; 105:95-105. [DOI: 10.1016/j.biopsycho.2015.01.007] [Citation(s) in RCA: 34] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/23/2014] [Revised: 01/12/2015] [Accepted: 01/12/2015] [Indexed: 01/05/2023]
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167
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Leeb R, Chavarriaga R, Perdikis S, Iturrate I, Millán JDR. Moving Brain-Controlled Devices Outside the Lab: Principles and Applications. ACTA ACUST UNITED AC 2015. [DOI: 10.1007/978-94-017-7239-6_6] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/17/2023]
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168
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Taube W, Lorch M, Zeiter S, Keller M. Non-physical practice improves task performance in an unstable, perturbed environment: motor imagery and observational balance training. Front Hum Neurosci 2014; 8:972. [PMID: 25538598 PMCID: PMC4255492 DOI: 10.3389/fnhum.2014.00972] [Citation(s) in RCA: 58] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/22/2014] [Accepted: 11/14/2014] [Indexed: 11/23/2022] Open
Abstract
For consciously performed motor tasks executed in a defined and constant way, both motor imagery (MI) and action observation (AO) have been shown to promote motor learning. It is not known whether these forms of non-physical training also improve motor actions when these actions have to be variably applied in an unstable and unpredictable environment. The present study therefore investigated the influence of MI balance training (MI_BT) and a balance training combining AO and MI (AO+MI_BT) on postural control of undisturbed and disturbed upright stance on unstable ground. As spinal reflex excitability after classical (i.e., physical) balance training (BT) is generally decreased, we tested whether non-physical BT also has an impact on spinal reflex circuits. Thirty-six participants were randomly allocated into an MI_BT group, in which participants imagined postural exercises, an AO+MI_BT group, in which participants observed videos of other people performing balance exercises and imagined being the person in the video, and a non-active control group (CON). Before and after 4 weeks of non-physical training, balance performance was assessed on a free-moving platform during stance without perturbation and during perturbed stance. Soleus H-reflexes were recorded during stable and unstable stance. The post-measurement revealed significantly decreased postural sway during undisturbed and disturbed stance after both MI_BT and AO+MI_BT. Spinal reflex excitability remained unchanged. This is the first study showing that non-physical training (MI_BT and AO+MI_BT) not only promotes motor learning of “rigid” postural tasks but also improves performance of highly variable and unpredictable balance actions. These findings may be relevant to improve postural control and thus reduce the risk of falls in temporarily immobilized patients.
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Affiliation(s)
- Wolfgang Taube
- Department of Medicine, Movement and Sport Science, University of Fribourg Fribourg, Switzerland
| | - Michael Lorch
- Department of Sport Science, University of Freiburg Freiburg, Germany
| | - Sibylle Zeiter
- Department of Medicine, Human Movement and Sport Sciences, Universities of Geneva and Lausanne Geneva, Switzerland
| | - Martin Keller
- Department of Medicine, Movement and Sport Science, University of Fribourg Fribourg, Switzerland
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169
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Wolf S, Brölz E, Scholz D, Ramos-Murguialday A, Keune PM, Hautzinger M, Birbaumer N, Strehl U. Winning the game: brain processes in expert, young elite and amateur table tennis players. Front Behav Neurosci 2014; 8:370. [PMID: 25386126 PMCID: PMC4209814 DOI: 10.3389/fnbeh.2014.00370] [Citation(s) in RCA: 26] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/13/2014] [Accepted: 10/08/2014] [Indexed: 11/23/2022] Open
Abstract
This study tested two hypotheses: (1) compared with amateurs and young elite, expert table tennis players are characterized by enhanced cortical activation in the motor and fronto-parietal cortex during motor imagery in response to table tennis videos; (2) in elite athletes, world rank points are associated with stronger cortical activation. To this aim, electroencephalographic data were recorded in 14 expert, 15 amateur and 15 young elite right-handed table tennis players. All subjects watched videos of a serve and imagined themselves responding with a specific table tennis stroke. With reference to a baseline period, power decrease/increase of the sensorimotor rhythm (SMR) during the pretask- and task period indexed the cortical activation/deactivation (event-related desynchronization/synchronization, ERD/ERS). Regarding hypothesis (1), 8–10 Hz SMR ERD was stronger in elite athletes than in amateurs with an intermediate ERD in young elite athletes in the motor cortex. Regarding hypothesis (2), there was no correlation between ERD/ERS in the motor cortex and world rank points in elite experts, but a weaker ERD in the fronto-parietal cortex was associated with higher world rank points. These results suggest that motor skill in table tennis is associated with focused excitability of the motor cortex during reaction, movement planning and execution with high attentional demands. Among elite experts, less activation of the fronto-parietal attention network may be necessary to become a world champion.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sebastian Wolf
- Faculty of Science, Institute of Clinical Psychology and Psychotherapy, University of Tuebingen Tuebingen, Germany
| | - Ellen Brölz
- Department of Internal Medicine VI: Psychosomatic Medicine, University Hospital Tuebingen Tuebingen, Germany
| | - David Scholz
- Institute of Medical Psychology and Behavioral Neurobiology, University of Tuebingen Tuebingen, Germany
| | - Ander Ramos-Murguialday
- Institute of Medical Psychology and Behavioral Neurobiology, University of Tuebingen Tuebingen, Germany ; TECNALIA, Health-Technologies San Sebastian, Spain
| | - Philipp M Keune
- Department of Neurology, Klinikum Bayreuth Bayreuth, Germany ; Department of Physiological Psychology, Otto-Friedrich-University Bamberg, Germany
| | - Martin Hautzinger
- Faculty of Science, Institute of Clinical Psychology and Psychotherapy, University of Tuebingen Tuebingen, Germany
| | - Niels Birbaumer
- Institute of Medical Psychology and Behavioral Neurobiology, University of Tuebingen Tuebingen, Germany ; Ospedale San Camillo, Istituto di Ricovero e Cura a Carattere Scientifico (IRCCS) Venice, Italy ; German Center for Diabetes Research Tuebingen, Germany
| | - Ute Strehl
- Institute of Medical Psychology and Behavioral Neurobiology, University of Tuebingen Tuebingen, Germany
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170
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Mizuguchi N, Nakata H, Kanosue K. Activity of right premotor-parietal regions dependent upon imagined force level: an fMRI study. Front Hum Neurosci 2014; 8:810. [PMID: 25339893 PMCID: PMC4189331 DOI: 10.3389/fnhum.2014.00810] [Citation(s) in RCA: 19] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/19/2014] [Accepted: 09/23/2014] [Indexed: 11/21/2022] Open
Abstract
In this study, we utilized functional magnetic resonance imaging (fMRI) to measure blood oxygenation level-dependent (BOLD) signals. This allowed us to evaluate the relationship between brain activity and imagined force level. Subjects performed motor imagery of repetitive right hand grasping with three different levels of contractile force; 10%, 30%, and 60% of their maximum voluntary contraction (MVC). We observed a common activation among each condition in the following brain regions; the dorsolateral prefrontal cortex (DLPFC), ventrolateral prefrontal cortex (VLPFC), supplementary motor area (SMA), premotor area (PM), insula, and inferior parietal lobule (IPL). In addition, the BOLD signal changes were significantly larger at 60% MVC than at 10% MVC in the right PM, the right IPL, and the primary somatosensory cortex (SI). These findings indicate that during motor imagery right fronto-parietal activity increases as the imagined contractile force level is intensified. The present finding that the right brain activity during motor imagery is clearly altered depending on the imagined force level suggests that it may be possible to decode intended force level during the motor imagery of patients or healthy subjects.
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Affiliation(s)
- Nobuaki Mizuguchi
- Faculty of Sport Sciences, Waseda University Tokorozawa, Saitama, Japan
| | - Hiroki Nakata
- Faculty of Sport Sciences, Waseda University Tokorozawa, Saitama, Japan
| | - Kazuyuki Kanosue
- Faculty of Sport Sciences, Waseda University Tokorozawa, Saitama, Japan
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171
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An alternative to traditional mirror therapy: illusory touch can reduce phantom pain when illusory movement does not. Clin J Pain 2014; 29:e10-8. [PMID: 23446074 DOI: 10.1097/ajp.0b013e3182850573] [Citation(s) in RCA: 38] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/26/2022]
Abstract
OBJECTIVES There is evidence that amputation leads to cortical reorganization, and it has been suggested that phantom pain might be related to a consequently emerging incongruence of motor intention, somatosensation and visual feedback. One therapeutic approach that has the potential to temporarily resolve this visuo-proprioceptive dissociation is mirror therapy, during which amputees typically move their intact limb while observing its reflection in a mirror, which in turn evokes the illusory perception of movement of their phantom limb. However, while the action of moving the phantom relieves pain for some patients, it can actually increase cramping sensations in others. In the current study we therefore implemented an alternative version of the mirror therapy involving a visuotactile illusion, to explore whether it might be effective with amputees for whom the action of moving the phantom increases phantom pain. METHODS We recruited six upper limb amputees who had been previously exposed to the classical mirror therapy with no or limited success, and exposed them to two differential experimental conditions involving visualization paired with either illusory movement or illusory touch of the phantom hand. RESULTS While none of the participants benefitted from the movement condition, five participants showed a significant pain reduction during the stroking condition. DISCUSSION Albeit preliminary, our results represent an encouraging finding of possible future clinical relevance, and indicate that the type of multisensory stimulation that most efficiently reduces phantom pain can vary in different sub-populations of amputees.
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172
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Zapparoli L, Invernizzi P, Gandola M, Berlingeri M, De Santis A, Zerbi A, Banfi G, Paulesu E. Like the back of the (right) hand? A new fMRI look on the hand laterality task. Exp Brain Res 2014; 232:3873-95. [DOI: 10.1007/s00221-014-4065-z] [Citation(s) in RCA: 33] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/02/2014] [Accepted: 08/03/2014] [Indexed: 12/13/2022]
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173
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Mizuguchi N, Nakata H, Kanosue K. Effector-independent brain activity during motor imagery of the upper and lower limbs: an fMRI study. Neurosci Lett 2014; 581:69-74. [PMID: 25150928 DOI: 10.1016/j.neulet.2014.08.025] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/16/2014] [Revised: 07/23/2014] [Accepted: 08/13/2014] [Indexed: 10/24/2022]
Abstract
We utilized functional magnetic resonance imaging (fMRI) to evaluate the common brain region of motor imagery for the right and left upper and lower limbs. The subjects were instructed to repeatedly imagined extension and flexion of the right or left hands/ankles. Brain regions, which included the supplemental motor area (SMA), premotor cortex and parietal cortex, were activated during motor imagery. Conjunction analysis revealed that the left SMA and inferior frontal gyrus (IFG)/ventral premotor cortex (vPM) were commonly activated with motor imagery of the right hand, left hand, right foot, and left foot. This result suggests that these brain regions are activated during motor imagery in an effector independent manner.
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Affiliation(s)
- Nobuaki Mizuguchi
- Faculty of Sport Sciences, Waseda University, 2-579-15 Mikajima, Tokorozawa, Saitama, 359-1192, Japan.
| | - Hiroki Nakata
- Faculty of Sport Sciences, Waseda University, 2-579-15 Mikajima, Tokorozawa, Saitama, 359-1192, Japan
| | - Kazuyuki Kanosue
- Faculty of Sport Sciences, Waseda University, 2-579-15 Mikajima, Tokorozawa, Saitama, 359-1192, Japan
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174
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Cotelli M, Manenti R, Brambilla M, Balconi M. Limb apraxia and verb processing in Alzheimer's disease. J Clin Exp Neuropsychol 2014; 36:843-53. [PMID: 25116164 DOI: 10.1080/13803395.2014.948389] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/24/2022]
Abstract
OBJECTIVE The present research investigates language and praxis abilities in patients with Alzheimer's disease in order to study the relationship between these two cognitive domains. METHOD The experimental evaluation of patients and control group performance was designed to permit a direct comparison of linguistic abilities (i.e., verb and noun naming and sentence comprehension) and praxic abilities (i.e., gesture execution for complex movements). Moreover, for the first time, action comprehension was explored using the Action Sequence Comprehension. RESULTS AND CONCLUSION Analyses of variance (ANOVAs) and correlational analyses showed that a direct relationship may exist between language impairment and apraxia in patients with Alzheimer's disease. In addition, the production and comprehension of both language and action were equally impaired in patients, providing further evidence for a spectrum of concomitant linguistic and praxis deficits in Alzheimer's disease. Finally, the ability to correctly comprehend action semantics was related more directly to verb production ability than to noun production.
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Affiliation(s)
- Maria Cotelli
- a IRCCS Istituto Centro San Giovanni di Dio Fatebenefratelli , Brescia , Italy
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175
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The handyman's brain: a neuroimaging meta-analysis describing the similarities and differences between grip type and pattern in humans. Neuroimage 2014; 102 Pt 2:923-37. [PMID: 24927986 DOI: 10.1016/j.neuroimage.2014.05.064] [Citation(s) in RCA: 25] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/22/2014] [Revised: 05/13/2014] [Accepted: 05/22/2014] [Indexed: 12/11/2022] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Handgrip is a ubiquitous human movement that was critical in our evolution. However, the differences in brain activity between grip type (i.e. power or precision) and pattern (i.e. dynamic or static) are not fully understood. In order to address this, we performed Activation Likelihood Estimation (ALE) analysis between grip type and grip pattern using functional magnetic resonance imaging (fMRI) data. ALE provides a probabilistic summary of the BOLD response in hundreds of subjects, which is often beyond the scope of a single fMRI experiment. METHODS We collected data from 28 functional magnetic resonance data sets, which included a total of 398 male and female subjects. Using ALE, we analyzed the BOLD response during power, precision, static and dynamic grip in a range of forces and age in right handed healthy individuals without physical impairment, cardiovascular or neurological dysfunction using a variety of grip tools, feedback and experimental training. RESULTS Power grip generates unique activation in the postcentral gyrus (areas 1 and 3b) and precision grip generates unique activation in the supplementary motor area (SMA, area 6) and precentral gyrus (area 4a). Dynamic handgrip generates unique activation in the precentral gyrus (area 4p) and SMA (area 6) and of particular interest, both dynamic and static grip share activation in the area 2 of the postcentral gyrus, an area implicated in the evolution of handgrip. According to effect size analysis, precision and dynamic grip generates stronger activity than power and static, respectively. CONCLUSION Our study demonstrates specific differences between grip type and pattern. However, there was a large degree of overlap in the pre and postcentral gyrus, SMA and areas of the frontal-parietal-cerebellar network, which indicates that other mechanisms are potentially involved in regulating handgrip. Further, our study provides empirically based regions of interest, which can be downloaded here within, that can be used to more effectively study power grip in a range of populations and conditions.
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176
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Di Rienzo F, Guillot A, Mateo S, Daligault S, Delpuech C, Rode G, Collet C. Neuroplasticity of prehensile neural networks after quadriplegia. Neuroscience 2014; 274:82-92. [PMID: 24857709 DOI: 10.1016/j.neuroscience.2014.05.021] [Citation(s) in RCA: 18] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/24/2014] [Revised: 05/06/2014] [Accepted: 05/08/2014] [Indexed: 01/19/2023]
Abstract
Targeting cortical neuroplasticity through rehabilitation-based practice is believed to enhance functional recovery after spinal cord injury (SCI). While prehensile performance is severely disturbed after C6-C7 SCI, subjects with tetraplegia can learn a compensatory passive prehension using the tenodesis effect. During tenodesis, an active wrist extension triggers a passive flexion of the fingers allowing grasping. We investigated whether motor imagery training could promote activity-dependent neuroplasticity and improve prehensile tenodesis performance. SCI participants (n=6) and healthy participants (HP, n=6) took part in a repeated measurement design. After an extended baseline period of 3 weeks including repeated magnetoencephalography (MEG) measurements, MI training was embedded within the classical course of physiotherapy for 5 additional weeks (three sessions per week). An immediate MEG post-test and a follow-up at 2 months were performed. Before MI training, compensatory activations and recruitment of deafferented cortical regions characterized the cortical activity during actual and imagined prehension in SCI participants. After MI training, MEG data yielded reduced compensatory activations. Cortical recruitment became similar to that in HP. Behavioral analysis evidenced decreased movement variability suggesting motor learning of tenodesis. Data suggest that MI training participated to reverse compensatory neuroplasticity in SCI participants, and promoted the integration of new upper limb prehensile coordination in the neural networks functionally dedicated to the control of healthy prehension before injury.
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Affiliation(s)
- F Di Rienzo
- Université de Lyon, Université Claude Bernard Lyon 1, Performance Motrice, Mentale et du Matériel (P3M), Centre de Recherche et d'Innovation sur le Sport (EA 647), F-69622 Villeurbanne, France
| | - A Guillot
- Université de Lyon, Université Claude Bernard Lyon 1, Performance Motrice, Mentale et du Matériel (P3M), Centre de Recherche et d'Innovation sur le Sport (EA 647), F-69622 Villeurbanne, France; Institut Universitaire de France, F-75000 Paris, France
| | - S Mateo
- Université de Lyon, Université Claude Bernard Lyon 1, Performance Motrice, Mentale et du Matériel (P3M), Centre de Recherche et d'Innovation sur le Sport (EA 647), F-69622 Villeurbanne, France; Hôpital Henri Gabrielle, Hospices Civils de Lyon, F-69230 Saint Genis-Laval, France
| | - S Daligault
- CERMEP imagerie du vivant, Département MEG, F-69677 Bron, France
| | - C Delpuech
- CERMEP imagerie du vivant, Département MEG, F-69677 Bron, France; INSERM U1028, CNRS UMR5292, Centre des neurosciences de Lyon, F-69000 Lyon, France
| | - G Rode
- Hôpital Henri Gabrielle, Hospices Civils de Lyon, F-69230 Saint Genis-Laval, France; INSERM U1028, CNRS UMR5292, Centre des neurosciences de Lyon, F-69000 Lyon, France
| | - C Collet
- Université de Lyon, Université Claude Bernard Lyon 1, Performance Motrice, Mentale et du Matériel (P3M), Centre de Recherche et d'Innovation sur le Sport (EA 647), F-69622 Villeurbanne, France.
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177
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Mokienko OA, Chernikova LA, Frolov AA, Bobrov PD. Motor Imagery and Its Practical Application. ACTA ACUST UNITED AC 2014. [DOI: 10.1007/s11055-014-9937-y] [Citation(s) in RCA: 24] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/29/2022]
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178
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Di Rienzo F, Hoyek N, Collet C, Guillot A. Physiological changes in response to apnea impact the timing of motor representations: a preliminary study. Behav Brain Funct 2014; 10:15. [PMID: 24773625 PMCID: PMC4017813 DOI: 10.1186/1744-9081-10-15] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/07/2014] [Accepted: 04/15/2014] [Indexed: 11/11/2022] Open
Abstract
Background Reduced physiological arousal in response to breath-holding affects internal clock processes, leading swimmers to underestimate the time spent under apnea. We investigated whether reduced physiological arousal during static apnea was likely to affect the temporal organization of motor imagery (MI). Methods Fourteen inter-regional to national breath-holding athletes mentally and physically performed two 15 m swimming tasks of identical durations. They performed the two sequences in a counterbalanced order, the first while breathing normally using a scuba, the second under apnea. We assessed MI duration immediately after completion of the corresponding task. Athletes performed MI with and without holding breath. Results MI durations (26.1 s ± 8.22) were significantly shorter than actual durations (29.7 s ± 7.6) without holding breath. Apnea increased MI durations by 10% (± 5%). Heart rate decrease in response to breath-holding correlated with MI durations increase (p < .01). Under apnea, participants achieved temporal congruence between MI and PP only when performing MI of the apnea swimming task. Self-report data indicated greater ease when MI was performed in a physiological arousal state congruent with that of the corresponding motor task. Conclusions Physiological arousal affected the durations of MI through its effects on internal clock processes and by impacting the congruency in physiological body states between overt and covert motor performance. Present findings have potential implications with regards to the possibility of preventing underestimation of durations spent under a state of reduced physiological arousal.
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Affiliation(s)
- Franck Di Rienzo
- Centre de Recherche et d'Innovation sur le Sport, EA 647, Université de Lyon, Université Claude Bernard, Lyon 1, Performance Motrice, Mentale et du Matériel (P3M), 27-29 Boulevard du 11 Novembre 1918, Villeurbanne, Cedex 69622, France.
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179
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Targeted reinforcement of neural oscillatory activity with real-time neuroimaging feedback. Neuroimage 2014; 88:54-60. [DOI: 10.1016/j.neuroimage.2013.10.028] [Citation(s) in RCA: 31] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/21/2013] [Revised: 10/05/2013] [Accepted: 10/14/2013] [Indexed: 11/22/2022] Open
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180
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Kim J, Lee B, Lee HS, Shin KH, Kim MJ, Son E. Differences in Brain Waves of Normal Persons and Stroke Patients during Action Observation and Motor Imagery. J Phys Ther Sci 2014; 26:215-8. [PMID: 24648634 PMCID: PMC3944291 DOI: 10.1589/jpts.26.215] [Citation(s) in RCA: 21] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/24/2013] [Accepted: 08/28/2013] [Indexed: 12/03/2022] Open
Abstract
[Purpose] The purpose of this study was to examine the changes in brain waves between
action observation and motor imagery of stroke patients and normal subjects, and to
compare them. [Methods] Twelve stroke patients and twelve normal persons participated in
this research. Each group executed action observation and the motor imagery training for 3
minutes, and before and during each intervention the brain waves were measured for 3
minutes, and the relative alpha power and relative beta power analyzed. [Results] Both
normal persons and stroke patients showed significant differences in relative alpha power
during action observation, but no significant difference in relative alpha power was found
during motor imagery. The relative beta power increased similarly in both groups but it
was more significantly different during action observation than during motor imagery.
[Conclusion] Both action observation and motor imagery can be used as a therapeutic method
for motor learning. However, action observation induces stronger cognitive activity, so
for the stroke patients who have difficulty with fine motor representation, action
observation might be a more effective therapy.
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Affiliation(s)
- Junghee Kim
- Graduate School of Physical Therapy, Sahmyook University, Republic of Korea
| | - Byounghee Lee
- Department of Physical Therapy, Sahmyook University, Republic of Korea
| | - Hyun Suk Lee
- Department of Physical Therapy, Sahmyook University, Republic of Korea
| | - Kil Ho Shin
- Department of Physical Therapy, Sahmyook University, Republic of Korea
| | - Min Ju Kim
- Department of Physical Therapy, Sahmyook University, Republic of Korea
| | - Esther Son
- Department of Physical Therapy, Sahmyook University, Republic of Korea
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181
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Collinger JL, Vinjamuri R, Degenhart AD, Weber DJ, Sudre GP, Boninger ML, Tyler-Kabara EC, Wang W. Motor-related brain activity during action observation: a neural substrate for electrocorticographic brain-computer interfaces after spinal cord injury. Front Integr Neurosci 2014; 8:17. [PMID: 24600359 PMCID: PMC3928793 DOI: 10.3389/fnint.2014.00017] [Citation(s) in RCA: 21] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/18/2013] [Accepted: 01/30/2014] [Indexed: 12/02/2022] Open
Abstract
After spinal cord injury (SCI), motor commands from the brain are unable to reach peripheral nerves and muscles below the level of the lesion. Action observation (AO), in which a person observes someone else performing an action, has been used to augment traditional rehabilitation paradigms. Similarly, AO can be used to derive the relationship between brain activity and movement kinematics for a motor-based brain-computer interface (BCI) even when the user cannot generate overt movements. BCIs use brain signals to control external devices to replace functions that have been lost due to SCI or other motor impairment. Previous studies have reported congruent motor cortical activity during observed and overt movements using magnetoencephalography (MEG) and functional magnetic resonance imaging (fMRI). Recent single-unit studies using intracortical microelectrodes also demonstrated that a large number of motor cortical neurons had similar firing rate patterns between overt and observed movements. Given the increasing interest in electrocorticography (ECoG)-based BCIs, our goal was to identify whether action observation-related cortical activity could be recorded using ECoG during grasping tasks. Specifically, we aimed to identify congruent neural activity during observed and executed movements in both the sensorimotor rhythm (10–40 Hz) and the high-gamma band (65–115 Hz) which contains significant movement-related information. We observed significant motor-related high-gamma band activity during AO in both able-bodied individuals and one participant with a complete C4 SCI. Furthermore, in able-bodied participants, both the low and high frequency bands demonstrated congruent activity between action execution and observation. Our results suggest that AO could be an effective and critical procedure for deriving the mapping from ECoG signals to intended movement for an ECoG-based BCI system for individuals with paralysis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jennifer L Collinger
- Human Engineering Research Laboratories, Department of Veterans Affairs Pittsburgh, PA, USA ; Department of Physical Medicine and Rehabilitation, University of Pittsburgh Pittsburgh, PA, USA ; Department of Bioengineering, University of Pittsburgh Pittsburgh, PA, USA
| | - Ramana Vinjamuri
- Department of Physical Medicine and Rehabilitation, University of Pittsburgh Pittsburgh, PA, USA
| | - Alan D Degenhart
- Department of Bioengineering, University of Pittsburgh Pittsburgh, PA, USA
| | - Douglas J Weber
- Human Engineering Research Laboratories, Department of Veterans Affairs Pittsburgh, PA, USA ; Department of Physical Medicine and Rehabilitation, University of Pittsburgh Pittsburgh, PA, USA ; Department of Bioengineering, University of Pittsburgh Pittsburgh, PA, USA
| | - Gustavo P Sudre
- Program in Neural Computation, Carnegie Mellon University Pittsburgh, PA, USA
| | - Michael L Boninger
- Human Engineering Research Laboratories, Department of Veterans Affairs Pittsburgh, PA, USA ; Department of Physical Medicine and Rehabilitation, University of Pittsburgh Pittsburgh, PA, USA ; Department of Bioengineering, University of Pittsburgh Pittsburgh, PA, USA ; Clinical and Translational Science Institute, University of Pittsburgh Pittsburgh, PA, USA
| | - Elizabeth C Tyler-Kabara
- Department of Bioengineering, University of Pittsburgh Pittsburgh, PA, USA ; Department of Neurological Surgery, University of Pittsburgh Pittsburgh, PA, USA
| | - Wei Wang
- Department of Physical Medicine and Rehabilitation, University of Pittsburgh Pittsburgh, PA, USA ; Department of Bioengineering, University of Pittsburgh Pittsburgh, PA, USA ; Clinical and Translational Science Institute, University of Pittsburgh Pittsburgh, PA, USA
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182
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Wang L, Qiu M, Liu C, Yan R, Yang J, Zhang J, Zhang Y, Sang L, Zheng X. Age-specific activation of cerebral areas in motor imagery--a fMRI study. Neuroradiology 2014; 56:339-48. [PMID: 24496497 DOI: 10.1007/s00234-014-1331-5] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/03/2013] [Accepted: 01/20/2014] [Indexed: 11/26/2022]
Abstract
INTRODUCTION The objectives of this study were to study the age-specific activation patterns of cerebral areas during motor execution (ME) and motor imaging (MI) of the upper extremities and to discuss the age-related neural mechanisms associated with ME or MI. METHODS The functional magnetic resonance imaging technique was used to monitor the pattern and intensity of brain activation during the ME and MI of the upper extremities in 20 elderly (>50 years) and 19 young healthy subjects (<25 years). RESULTS No major differences were identified regarding the activated brain areas during ME or MI between the two groups; however, a minor difference was noted. The intensity of the activated brain area during ME was stronger in the older group than in the younger group, while the results with MI were the opposite. The posterior central gyrus and supplementary motor area during MI were more active in the younger group than in the older group. The putamen, lingual, and so on demonstrated stronger activation during dominant hand MI in the older group. CONCLUSION The results of this study revealed that the brain structure was altered and that neuronal activity was attenuated with age, and the cerebral cortex and subcortical tissues were found to be over-activated to achieve the same level of ME and MI, indicating that the activating effects of the left hemisphere enhanced with age, whereas the inhibitory effects declined during ME, and activation of the right hemisphere became more difficult during MI.
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Affiliation(s)
- Li Wang
- Key Laboratory of Biorheological Science and Technology of Ministry of Education, Bioengineering College, Chongqing University, Chongqing, 400030, China
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183
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Habre-Hallage P, Dricot L, Hermoye L, Reychler H, van Steenberghe D, Jacobs R, Grandin CB. Cortical activation resulting from the stimulation of periodontal mechanoreceptors measured by functional magnetic resonance imaging (fMRI). Clin Oral Investig 2014; 18:1949-61. [PMID: 24420503 DOI: 10.1007/s00784-013-1174-1] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/12/2013] [Accepted: 12/23/2013] [Indexed: 12/13/2022]
Abstract
OBJECTIVE To describe the normal cortical projections of periodontal mechanoreceptors. MATERIAL AND METHODS A device using von Frey filaments delivered 1-Hz punctate tactile stimuli to the teeth during fMRI. In a block design paradigm, tooth (T) 11 and T13 were stimulated in ten volunteers and T21 and T23 in ten other subjects. Random-effect group analyses were performed for each tooth, and differences between teeth were examined using ANOVA. RESULTS The parietal operculum (S2) was activated bilaterally for all teeth; the postcentral gyrus (S1) was activated bilaterally for T21 and T23 and contralaterally for T11 and T13. In the second-level analysis including the four teeth, we found five clusters: bilateral S1 and S2, and left inferior frontal gyrus, with no difference between teeth in somatosensory areas. However, the ANOVA performed on the S1 clusters found separately in each tooth showed that S1 activation was more contralateral for the canines. CONCLUSION One-hertz mechanical stimulation activates periodontal mechanoreceptors and elicits bilateral cortical activity in S1 and S2, with a double representation in S2, namely in OP1 and OP4. CLINICAL RELEVANCE The cortical somatotopy of periodontal mechanoreceptors is poorly described. These findings may serve as normal reference to further explore the cortical plasticity induced by periodontal or neurological diseases.
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Affiliation(s)
- P Habre-Hallage
- Department of Prosthodontics, Faculty of Dentistry, Saint Joseph University, Campus of Medical Sciences, B.P. 11-5076, Damascus Road, Beirut, Lebanon,
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184
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Allami N, Brovelli A, Hamzaoui EM, Regragui F, Paulignan Y, Boussaoud D. Neurophysiological correlates of visuo-motor learning through mental and physical practice. Neuropsychologia 2014; 55:6-14. [PMID: 24388796 DOI: 10.1016/j.neuropsychologia.2013.12.017] [Citation(s) in RCA: 20] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/15/2013] [Revised: 11/21/2013] [Accepted: 12/13/2013] [Indexed: 11/26/2022]
Abstract
We have previously shown that mental rehearsal can replace up to 75% of physical practice for learning a visuomotor task (Allami, Paulignan, Brovelli, & Boussaoud, (2008). Experimental Brain Research, 184, 105-113). Presumably, mental rehearsal must induce brain changes that facilitate motor learning. We tested this hypothesis by recording scalp electroencephalographic activity (EEG) in two groups of subjects. In one group, subjects executed a reach to grasp task for 240 trials. In the second group, subjects learned the task through a combination of mental rehearsal for the initial 180 trials followed by the execution of 60 trials. Thus, one group physically executed the task for 240 trials, the other only for 60 trials. Amplitudes and latencies of event-related potentials (ERPs) were compared across groups at different stages during learning. We found that ERP activity increases dramatically with training and reaches the same amplitude over the premotor regions in the two groups, despite large differences in physically executed trials. These findings suggest that during mental rehearsal, neuronal changes occur in the motor networks that make physical practice after mental rehearsal more effective in configuring functional networks for skilful behaviour.
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185
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Shin MJ, Kim SH, Lee CH, Shin YI. Optimal Strategies of Upper Limb Motor Rehabilitation after Stroke. BRAIN & NEUROREHABILITATION 2014. [DOI: 10.12786/bn.2014.7.1.21] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/08/2022] Open
Affiliation(s)
- Myung Jun Shin
- Department of Rehabilitation Medicine, Pusan National University Hospital, Korea
| | - Sang Hun Kim
- Department of Rehabilitation Medicine, Pusan National University Hospital, Korea
| | - Chang-Hyung Lee
- Department of Rehabilitation Medicine, Pusan National University School of Medicine and Research Institute for Convergence of Biomedical Science and Technology, Pusan National University Yangsan Hospital, Korea
| | - Yong-Il Shin
- Department of Rehabilitation Medicine, Pusan National University School of Medicine and Research Institute for Convergence of Biomedical Science and Technology, Pusan National University Yangsan Hospital, Korea
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186
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Di Rienzo F, Guillot A, Daligault S, Delpuech C, Rode G, Collet C. Motor inhibition during motor imagery: a MEG study with a quadriplegic patient. Neurocase 2014; 20:524-39. [PMID: 23998364 DOI: 10.1080/13554794.2013.826685] [Citation(s) in RCA: 27] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/26/2022]
Abstract
The neurophysiological substrates underlying motor imagery are now well established. However, the neural processes of motor inhibition while mentally rehearsing an action are poorly understood. This concern has received limited experimental investigations leading to divergent conclusions. Whether motor command suppression is mediated by specific brain structures or by intracortical facilitation/inhibition is a matter of debate. Interestingly, although motor commands are inhibited during motor imagery (MI) in healthy participants, spinal cord injury may result in weakened motor inhibition. Using magentoencephalography, we observed that mental and actual execution of a goal-directed pointing task elicited similar primary motor cortex activation in a C6-C7 quadriplegic patient, thus confirming the hypothesis of weakened motor inhibition during MI. In an age-matched healthy control participant, however, primary motor area activation during MI was significantly reduced compared to physical practice. Brain activation during actual movement resulted in enhanced recruitment of premotor areas in the patient. In the healthy participant, we found functional relationships between the primary motor area and peri-rolandic sites including the primary sensory area and the supplementary motor area during MI. This neural network was not activated when the quadriplegic patient performed MI. We assume that the primary sensory area and the supplementary motor area may be part of a functional network underlying motor inhibition during MI. These data provide insights into brain function changes due to neuroplasticity after spinal cord injury and evidence cortical substrates underlying weakened motor inhibition during MI after deafferentation and deefferentation.
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Affiliation(s)
- Franck Di Rienzo
- a CRIS (EA 647), Mental and Motor Performance, University Claude Bernard Lyon 1 , Villeurbanne Cedex , France
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187
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Blanchin T, Martin F, Labbe D. Rééducation des paralysies faciales après myoplastie d’allongement du muscle temporal. Intérêt du protocole « effet-miroir ». ANN CHIR PLAST ESTH 2013; 58:632-7. [DOI: 10.1016/j.anplas.2013.03.001] [Citation(s) in RCA: 19] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/25/2013] [Accepted: 03/04/2013] [Indexed: 12/01/2022]
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188
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Vogt S, Di Rienzo F, Collet C, Collins A, Guillot A. Multiple roles of motor imagery during action observation. Front Hum Neurosci 2013; 7:807. [PMID: 24324428 PMCID: PMC3839009 DOI: 10.3389/fnhum.2013.00807] [Citation(s) in RCA: 158] [Impact Index Per Article: 14.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/13/2013] [Accepted: 11/06/2013] [Indexed: 11/13/2022] Open
Abstract
Over the last 20 years, the topics of action observation (AO) and motor imagery (MI) have been largely studied in isolation from each other, despite the early integrative account by Jeannerod (1994, 2001). Recent neuroimaging studies demonstrate enhanced cortical activity when AO and MI are performed concurrently ("AO+MI"), compared to either AO or MI performed in isolation. These results indicate the potentially beneficial effects of AO+MI, and they also demonstrate that the underlying neurocognitive processes are partly shared. We separately review the evidence for MI and AO as forms of motor simulation, and present two quantitative literature analyses that indeed indicate rather little overlap between the two bodies of research. We then propose a spectrum of concurrent AO+MI states, from congruent AO+MI where the contents of AO and MI widely overlap, over coordinative AO+MI, where observed and imagined action are different but can be coordinated with each other, to cases of conflicting AO+MI. We believe that an integrative account of AO and MI is theoretically attractive, that it should generate novel experimental approaches, and that it can also stimulate a wide range of applications in sport, occupational therapy, and neurorehabilitation.
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Affiliation(s)
- Stefan Vogt
- Department of Psychology, Lancaster University Lancaster, UK
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189
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Mokienko OA, Chervyakov AV, Kulikova SN, Bobrov PD, Chernikova LA, Frolov AA, Piradov MA. Increased motor cortex excitability during motor imagery in brain-computer interface trained subjects. Front Comput Neurosci 2013; 7:168. [PMID: 24319425 PMCID: PMC3837244 DOI: 10.3389/fncom.2013.00168] [Citation(s) in RCA: 44] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/18/2013] [Accepted: 11/02/2013] [Indexed: 11/13/2022] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Motor imagery (MI) is the mental performance of movement without muscle activity. It is generally accepted that MI and motor performance have similar physiological mechanisms. PURPOSE To investigate the activity and excitability of cortical motor areas during MI in subjects who were previously trained with an MI-based brain-computer interface (BCI). SUBJECTS AND METHODS Eleven healthy volunteers without neurological impairments (mean age, 36 years; range: 24-68 years) were either trained with an MI-based BCI (BCI-trained, n = 5) or received no BCI training (n = 6, controls). Subjects imagined grasping in a blocked paradigm task with alternating rest and task periods. For evaluating the activity and excitability of cortical motor areas we used functional MRI and navigated transcranial magnetic stimulation (nTMS). RESULTS fMRI revealed activation in Brodmann areas 3 and 6, the cerebellum, and the thalamus during MI in all subjects. The primary motor cortex was activated only in BCI-trained subjects. The associative zones of activation were larger in non-trained subjects. During MI, motor evoked potentials recorded from two of the three targeted muscles were significantly higher only in BCI-trained subjects. The motor threshold decreased (median = 17%) during MI, which was also observed only in BCI-trained subjects. CONCLUSION Previous BCI training increased motor cortex excitability during MI. These data may help to improve BCI applications, including rehabilitation of patients with cerebral palsy.
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Affiliation(s)
- Olesya A Mokienko
- Research Center of Neurology Russian Academy of Medical Science Moscow, Russia ; Institute of Higher Nervous Activity and Neurophysiology of RAS Moscow, Russia
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190
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Björkstrand S, Jern P. Evaluation of an imagery intervention to improve penalty taking ability in soccer: A study of two junior girls teams. NORDIC PSYCHOLOGY 2013. [DOI: 10.1080/19012276.2013.851444] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/26/2022]
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191
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Drawing lines while imagining circles: Neural basis of the bimanual coupling effect during motor execution and motor imagery. Neuroimage 2013; 88:100-12. [PMID: 24188808 DOI: 10.1016/j.neuroimage.2013.10.061] [Citation(s) in RCA: 25] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/06/2013] [Revised: 10/24/2013] [Accepted: 10/25/2013] [Indexed: 01/22/2023] Open
Abstract
When people simultaneously draw lines with one hand and circles with the other hand, both trajectories tend to assume an oval shape, showing that hand motor programs interact (the so-called "bimanual coupling effect"). The aim of the present study was to investigate how motor parameters (drawing trajectories) and the related brain activity vary during bimanual movements both in real execution and in motor imagery tasks. In the 'Real' modality, subjects performed right hand movements (lines) and, simultaneously, Congruent (lines) or Non-congruent (circles) left hand movements. In the 'Imagery' modality, subjects performed only right hand movements (lines) and, simultaneously, imagined Congruent (lines) or Non-congruent (circles) left hand movements. Behavioral results showed a similar interference of both the real and the imagined circles on the actually executed lines, suggesting that the coupling effect also pertains to motor imagery. Neuroimaging results showed that a prefrontal-parietal network, mostly involving the pre-Supplementary Motor Area (pre-SMA) and the posterior parietal cortex (PPC), was significantly more active in Non-congruent than in Congruent conditions, irrespective of task (Real or Imagery). The data also confirmed specific roles of the right superior parietal lobe (SPL) in mediating spatial interference, and of the left PPC in motor imagery. Collectively, these findings suggest that real and imagined Non-congruent movements activate common circuits related to the intentional and predictive operation generating bimanual coupling, in which the pre-SMA and the PPC play a crucial role.
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192
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Kho AY, Liu KPY, Chung RCK. Meta-analysis on the effect of mental imagery on motor recovery of the hemiplegic upper extremity function. Aust Occup Ther J 2013; 61:38-48. [PMID: 24138081 DOI: 10.1111/1440-1630.12084] [Citation(s) in RCA: 47] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Accepted: 08/18/2013] [Indexed: 11/30/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND/AIM Studies have shown that mental imagery can enhance relearning and generalisation of function after stroke. The aim of this meta-analysis was to evaluate evidence on the effects of mental imagery on motor recovery of the hemiplegic upper extremities after stroke. METHODS A comprehensive data base search of the literature up to December 2012 was performed using PubMed, EBSCO host (Academic Search Premier, CINAHL and Educational Resource Information Center), PsycINFO, Medline, and ISI Web of Knowledge (Science Citation Index and Social Sciences Citation Index). Randomised clinical trials or controlled clinical trials that included mental imagery for improving upper extremity motor function for stroke patients were located. Relevant articles were critically reviewed and methodological quality was evaluated using the PEDro Scale, and study results synthesised. RESULTS Five randomised clinical trials and one controlled clinical trial met the inclusion criteria. Five of the six studies yielded positive findings in favour of mental imagery. Quantitative analysis showed a significant difference in the Action Research Arm Test (overall effect: Z=6.75; P<<0.001). CONCLUSION Review of the literature revealed a trend in support of the use of motor imagery for upper extremity motor rehabilitation after stroke. Mental imagery could be a viable intervention for stroke patients given its benefits of being safe, cost-effective and rendering multiple and unlimited practice opportunities. It is recommended that researchers incorporate imaging techniques into clinical studies so that the mechanism whereby mental imagery mediates motor recovery or neural adaptation for people with stroke can be better understood.
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Affiliation(s)
- Adeline Y Kho
- Metacognition Developmental Centre Pte Ltd, Singapore
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193
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Leeb R, Perdikis S, Tonin L, Biasiucci A, Tavella M, Creatura M, Molina A, Al-Khodairy A, Carlson T, Millán JDR. Transferring brain-computer interfaces beyond the laboratory: successful application control for motor-disabled users. Artif Intell Med 2013; 59:121-32. [PMID: 24119870 DOI: 10.1016/j.artmed.2013.08.004] [Citation(s) in RCA: 76] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/09/2012] [Revised: 08/07/2013] [Accepted: 08/08/2013] [Indexed: 11/16/2022]
Abstract
OBJECTIVES Brain-computer interfaces (BCIs) are no longer only used by healthy participants under controlled conditions in laboratory environments, but also by patients and end-users, controlling applications in their homes or clinics, without the BCI experts around. But are the technology and the field mature enough for this? Especially the successful operation of applications - like text entry systems or assistive mobility devices such as tele-presence robots - requires a good level of BCI control. How much training is needed to achieve such a level? Is it possible to train naïve end-users in 10 days to successfully control such applications? MATERIALS AND METHODS In this work, we report our experiences of training 24 motor-disabled participants at rehabilitation clinics or at the end-users' homes, without BCI experts present. We also share the lessons that we have learned through transferring BCI technologies from the lab to the user's home or clinics. RESULTS The most important outcome is that 50% of the participants achieved good BCI performance and could successfully control the applications (tele-presence robot and text-entry system). In the case of the tele-presence robot the participants achieved an average performance ratio of 0.87 (max. 0.97) and for the text entry application a mean of 0.93 (max. 1.0). The lessons learned and the gathered user feedback range from pure BCI problems (technical and handling), to common communication issues among the different people involved, and issues encountered while controlling the applications. CONCLUSION The points raised in this paper are very widely applicable and we anticipate that they might be faced similarly by other groups, if they move on to bringing the BCI technology to the end-user, to home environments and towards application prototype control.
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Affiliation(s)
- Robert Leeb
- Chair in Non-Invasive Brain-Machine Interface, Center for Neuroprosthetics, École Polytechnique Fédérale de Lausanne, Station 11, CH-1015 Lausanne, Switzerland(1).
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194
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Ahdab R, Ayache SS, Farhat WH, Mylius V, Schmidt S, Brugières P, Lefaucheur JP. Reappraisal of the anatomical landmarks of motor and premotor cortical regions for image-guided brain navigation in TMS practice. Hum Brain Mapp 2013; 35:2435-47. [PMID: 24038518 DOI: 10.1002/hbm.22339] [Citation(s) in RCA: 21] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/18/2013] [Revised: 04/14/2013] [Accepted: 05/20/2013] [Indexed: 11/11/2022] Open
Abstract
Image-guided navigation systems dedicated to transcranial magnetic stimulation (TMS) have been recently developed and offer the possibility to visualize directly the anatomical structure to be stimulated. Performing navigated TMS requires a perfect knowledge of cortical anatomy, which is very variable between subjects. This study aimed at providing a detailed description of sulcal and gyral anatomy of motor cortical regions with special interest to the inter-individual variability of sulci. We attempted to identify the most stable structures, which can serve as anatomical landmarks for motor cortex mapping in navigated TMS practice. We analyzed the 3D reconstruction of 50 consecutive healthy adult brains (100 hemispheres). Different variants were identified regarding sulcal morphology, but several anatomical structures were found to be remarkably stable (four on dorsoventral axis and five on rostrocaudal axis). These landmarks were used to define a grid of 12 squares, which covered motor cortical regions. This grid was used to perform motor cortical mapping with navigated TMS in 12 healthy subjects from our cohort. The stereotactic coordinates (x-y-z) of the center of each of the 12 squares of the mapping grid were expressed into the standard Talairach space to determine the corresponding functional areas. We found that the regions whose stimulation produced almost constantly motor evoked potentials mainly correspond to the primary motor cortex, with rostral extension to premotor cortex and caudal extension to posterior parietal cortex. Our anatomy-based approach should facilitate the expression and the comparison of the results obtained in motor mapping studies using navigated TMS.
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Affiliation(s)
- Rechdi Ahdab
- EA 4391, Excitabilité Nerveuse et Thérapeutique, Université Paris-Est-Créteil, Créteil, France; Service de Physiologie-Explorations Fonctionnelles, Hôpital Henri Mondor, Assistance Publique-Hôpitaux de Paris, Créteil, France; Neuroscience Department, University Medical Center Rizk Hospital, Beirut, Lebanon
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195
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Michel C, Gaveau J, Pozzo T, Papaxanthis C. Prism adaptation by mental practice. Cortex 2013; 49:2249-59. [DOI: 10.1016/j.cortex.2012.11.008] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/01/2011] [Revised: 05/16/2012] [Accepted: 11/20/2012] [Indexed: 10/27/2022]
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196
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Kurby CA, Zacks JM. The activation of modality-specific representations during discourse processing. BRAIN AND LANGUAGE 2013; 126:338-349. [PMID: 23933473 PMCID: PMC4318524 DOI: 10.1016/j.bandl.2013.07.003] [Citation(s) in RCA: 17] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/06/2012] [Revised: 07/01/2013] [Accepted: 07/07/2013] [Indexed: 06/02/2023]
Abstract
Previous research has shown that readers generate mental images of events. Most studies have investigated imagery during the reading of short texts, which also included explicit judgment tasks. In two fMRI studies, we assessed whether modality-specific imagery occurs during naturalistic, discourse comprehension. We identified clauses in the texts that elicited auditory, motor, or visual imagery. In both studies, reading motor imagery clauses was associated with increases in activity in left postcentral and precentral sulci, and reading auditory imagery clauses was associated with increases in left superior temporal gyrus and perisylvian language-related regions. Study 2 compared presentation of connected discourse to a condition in which unconnected sentences were presented, preventing the establishment of global coherence. Sensorimotor imagery was strongest when readers were able to generate a globally coherent discourse representation. Overall, these results suggest that modality-specific imagery occurs during discourse comprehension and it is dependent on the development of discourse-level representations.
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Affiliation(s)
- Christopher A Kurby
- Grand Valley State University, Department of Psychology, 2224 Au Sable Hall, Allendale, MI 49401, United States.
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197
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Crognier L, Skoura X, Vinter A, Papaxanthis C. Mental representation of arm motion dynamics in children and adolescents. PLoS One 2013; 8:e73042. [PMID: 24009727 PMCID: PMC3757012 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0073042] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/11/2013] [Accepted: 07/16/2013] [Indexed: 11/18/2022] Open
Abstract
Motor imagery, i.e., a mental state during which an individual internally represents an action without any overt motor output, is a potential tool to investigate action representation during development. Here, we took advantage of the inertial anisotropy phenomenon to investigate whether children can generate accurate motor predictions for movements with varying dynamics. Children (9 and 11 years), adolescents (14 years) and young adults (21 years) carried-out actual and mental arm movements in two different directions in the horizontal plane: rightwards (low inertia) and leftwards (high inertia). We recorded and compared actual and mental movement times. We found that actual movement times were greater for leftward than rightward arm movements in all groups. For mental movements, differences between leftward versus rightward movements were observed in the adults and adolescents, but not among the children. Furthermore, significant differences between actual and mental times were found at 9 and 11 years of age in the leftward direction. The ratio R/L (rightward direction/leftward direction), which indicates temporal differences between low inertia and high inertia movements, was inferior to 1 at all ages, except for the mental movements at 9 years of age, indicating than actual and mental movements were shorter for the rightward than leftward direction. Interestingly, while the ratio R/L of actual movements was constant across ages, it gradually decreased with age for mental movements. The ratio A/M (actual movement/mental movement), which indicates temporal differences between actual and mental movements, was near to 1 in the adults' groups, denoting accurate mental timing. In children and adolescents, an underestimation of mental movement times appeared for the leftward movements only. However, this overestimation gradually decreased with age. Our results showed a refinement in the motor imagery ability during development. Action representation reached maturation at adolescence, during which mental actions were tightly related to their actual production.
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Affiliation(s)
- Lionel Crognier
- Université de Bourgogne, Unité de Formation et de Recherche en Sciences et Techniques des Activités Physiques et Sportives, Dijon, France
- Institut National de la Santé et de la Recherche Médicale (INSERM), Unité 1093, Cognition, Action, et Plasticité Sensorimotrice, Dijon, France
| | - Xanthi Skoura
- Université de Bourgogne, Laboratoire d'Etude de l'Apprentissage et du Développement (LEAD), CNRS, UMR 5022, Dijon, France
| | - Annie Vinter
- Université de Bourgogne, Laboratoire d'Etude de l'Apprentissage et du Développement (LEAD), CNRS, UMR 5022, Dijon, France
| | - Charalambos Papaxanthis
- Université de Bourgogne, Unité de Formation et de Recherche en Sciences et Techniques des Activités Physiques et Sportives, Dijon, France
- Institut National de la Santé et de la Recherche Médicale (INSERM), Unité 1093, Cognition, Action, et Plasticité Sensorimotrice, Dijon, France
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198
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Enhanced activation of motor execution networks using action observation combined with imagination of lower limb movements. PLoS One 2013; 8:e72403. [PMID: 24015241 PMCID: PMC3756065 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0072403] [Citation(s) in RCA: 82] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/22/2013] [Accepted: 07/12/2013] [Indexed: 11/19/2022] Open
Abstract
The combination of first-person observation and motor imagery, i.e. first-person observation of limbs with online motor imagination, is commonly used in interactive 3D computer gaming and in some movie scenes. These scenarios are designed to induce a cognitive process in which a subject imagines himself/herself acting as the agent in the displayed movement situation. Despite the ubiquity of this type of interaction and its therapeutic potential, its relationship to passive observation and imitation during observation has not been directly studied using an interactive paradigm. In the present study we show activation resulting from observation, coupled with online imagination and with online imitation of a goal-directed lower limb movement using functional MRI (fMRI) in a mixed block/event-related design. Healthy volunteers viewed a video (first-person perspective) of a foot kicking a ball. They were instructed to observe-only the action (O), observe and simultaneously imagine performing the action (O-MI), or imitate the action (O-IMIT). We found that when O-MI was compared to O, activation was enhanced in the ventralpremotor cortex bilaterally, left inferior parietal lobule and left insula. The O-MI and O-IMIT conditions shared many activation foci in motor relevant areas as confirmed by conjunction analysis. These results show that (i) combining observation with motor imagery (O-MI) enhances activation compared to observation-only (O) in the relevant foot motor network and in regions responsible for attention, for control of goal-directed movements and for the awareness of causing an action, and (ii) it is possible to extensively activate the motor execution network using O-MI, even in the absence of overt movement. Our results may have implications for the development of novel virtual reality interactions for neurorehabilitation interventions and other applications involving training of motor tasks.
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199
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van Dijk MT, van Wingen GA, van Lammeren A, Blom RM, de Kwaasteniet BP, Scholte HS, Denys D. Neural basis of limb ownership in individuals with body integrity identity disorder. PLoS One 2013; 8:e72212. [PMID: 23991064 PMCID: PMC3749113 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0072212] [Citation(s) in RCA: 43] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/12/2013] [Accepted: 07/08/2013] [Indexed: 11/18/2022] Open
Abstract
Our body feels like it is ours. However, individuals with body integrity identity disorder (BIID) lack this feeling of ownership for distinct limbs and desire amputation of perfectly healthy body parts. This extremely rare condition provides us with an opportunity to study the neural basis underlying the feeling of limb ownership, since these individuals have a feeling of disownership for a limb in the absence of apparent brain damage. Here we directly compared brain activation between limbs that do and do not feel as part of the body using functional MRI during separate tactile stimulation and motor execution experiments. In comparison to matched controls, individuals with BIID showed heightened responsivity of a large somatosensory network including the parietal cortex and right insula during tactile stimulation, regardless of whether the stimulated leg felt owned or alienated. Importantly, activity in the ventral premotor cortex depended on the feeling of ownership and was reduced during stimulation of the alienated compared to the owned leg. In contrast, no significant differences between groups were observed during the performance of motor actions. These results suggest that altered somatosensory processing in the premotor cortex is associated with the feeling of disownership in BIID, which may be related to altered integration of somatosensory and proprioceptive information.
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Affiliation(s)
- Milenna T. van Dijk
- Department of Psychiatry, Academic Medical Center, University of Amsterdam, Amsterdam, The Netherlands
- Sackler Institute of Graduate Biomedical Sciences, New York University School of Medicine, New York, New York, United States of America
| | - Guido A. van Wingen
- Department of Psychiatry, Academic Medical Center, University of Amsterdam, Amsterdam, The Netherlands
- Brain Imaging Center, Academic Medical Center, University of Amsterdam, Amsterdam, The Netherlands
- * E-mail:
| | - Anouk van Lammeren
- Department of Psychiatry, Academic Medical Center, University of Amsterdam, Amsterdam, The Netherlands
| | - Rianne M. Blom
- Department of Psychiatry, Academic Medical Center, University of Amsterdam, Amsterdam, The Netherlands
| | - Bart P. de Kwaasteniet
- Department of Psychiatry, Academic Medical Center, University of Amsterdam, Amsterdam, The Netherlands
| | - H. Steven Scholte
- Department of Psychology, University of Amsterdam, Amsterdam, The Netherlands
| | - Damiaan Denys
- Department of Psychiatry, Academic Medical Center, University of Amsterdam, Amsterdam, The Netherlands
- Brain Imaging Center, Academic Medical Center, University of Amsterdam, Amsterdam, The Netherlands
- Netherlands Institute for Neuroscience, an institute of the Royal Netherlands Academy of Arts and Sciences, Amsterdam, The Netherlands
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200
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Collet C, Di Rienzo F, El Hoyek N, Guillot A. Autonomic nervous system correlates in movement observation and motor imagery. Front Hum Neurosci 2013; 7:415. [PMID: 23908623 PMCID: PMC3726866 DOI: 10.3389/fnhum.2013.00415] [Citation(s) in RCA: 59] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/10/2013] [Accepted: 07/11/2013] [Indexed: 11/13/2022] Open
Abstract
The purpose of the current article is to provide a comprehensive overview of the literature offering a better understanding of the autonomic nervous system (ANS) correlates in motor imagery (MI) and movement observation. These are two high brain functions involving sensori-motor coupling, mediated by memory systems. How observing or mentally rehearsing a movement affect ANS activity has not been extensively investigated. The links between cognitive functions and ANS responses are not so obvious. We will first describe the organization of the ANS whose main purposes are controlling vital functions by maintaining the homeostasis of the organism and providing adaptive responses when changes occur either in the external or internal milieu. We will then review how scientific knowledge evolved, thus integrating recent findings related to ANS functioning, and show how these are linked to mental functions. In turn, we will describe how movement observation or MI may elicit physiological responses at the peripheral level of the autonomic effectors, thus eliciting autonomic correlates to cognitive activity. Key features of this paper are to draw a step-by step progression from the understanding of ANS physiology to its relationships with high mental processes such as movement observation or MI. We will further provide evidence that mental processes are co-programmed both at the somatic and autonomic levels of the central nervous system (CNS). We will thus detail how peripheral physiological responses may be analyzed to provide objective evidence that MI is actually performed. The main perspective is thus to consider that, during movement observation and MI, ANS activity is an objective witness of mental processes.
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Affiliation(s)
- C Collet
- Mental processes and Motor Performance Laboratory, EA 647 CRIS, University of Lyon - Claude Bernard University Lyon 1 Villeurbanne Cedex, France
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