151
|
Tsakogiannis D, Diamantidou V, Toska E, Kyriakopoulou Z, Dimitriou TG, Ruether IGA, Gortsilas P, Markoulatos P. Multiplex PCR assay for the rapid identification of human papillomavirus genotypes 16, 18, 45, 35, 66, 33, 51, 58, and 31 in clinical samples. Arch Virol 2014; 160:207-14. [DOI: 10.1007/s00705-014-2261-6] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/17/2014] [Accepted: 10/16/2014] [Indexed: 12/30/2022]
|
152
|
Tsakogiannis D, Papacharalampous M, Toska E, Kyriakopoulou Z, Dimitriou TG, Ruether IGA, Komiotis D, Markoulatos P. Duplex Real-time PCR assay and SYBR green I melting curve analysis for molecular identification of HPV genotypes 16, 18, 31, 35, 51 and 66. Mol Cell Probes 2014; 29:13-8. [PMID: 25281890 DOI: 10.1016/j.mcp.2014.09.003] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/17/2014] [Revised: 09/03/2014] [Accepted: 09/17/2014] [Indexed: 10/24/2022]
Abstract
Long-term infection with high-risk HPV genotypes is the leading cause of cervical cancer. In the present study a Duplex Real-time PCR assay was developed in order to identify HPV types 16, 18, 31, 35, 51 and 66 in three reactions, through SYBR green I melting curve analysis. The method utilizes type-specific primer sets that allowed the amplification of highly conserved regions of L1 gene. Reconstitution experiments were conducted by using HPV DNA plasmids in order to determine the sensitivity of the assay. The newly designed assay has a limit of detection of 10 copies per reaction. The most prevalent HPV genotype in single and in multiple HPV infections was HPV16 followed by HPV18, HPV51, HPV31, HPV35 and HPV66. The proposed method is a simple, specific, sensitive and cost-effective assay that can be easily incorporated in small and medium size laboratories for the rapid identification of the most clinically important HPV genotypes.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- D Tsakogiannis
- University of Thessaly, School of Health Sciences, Department of Biochemistry & Biotechnology, Microbiology-Virology Laboratory, Larissa, Greece
| | - M Papacharalampous
- University of Thessaly, School of Health Sciences, Department of Biochemistry & Biotechnology, Microbiology-Virology Laboratory, Larissa, Greece
| | - E Toska
- University of Thessaly, School of Health Sciences, Department of Biochemistry & Biotechnology, Microbiology-Virology Laboratory, Larissa, Greece
| | - Z Kyriakopoulou
- University of Thessaly, School of Health Sciences, Department of Biochemistry & Biotechnology, Microbiology-Virology Laboratory, Larissa, Greece
| | - T G Dimitriou
- University of Thessaly, School of Health Sciences, Department of Biochemistry & Biotechnology, Microbiology-Virology Laboratory, Larissa, Greece
| | - I G A Ruether
- University of Thessaly, School of Health Sciences, Department of Biochemistry & Biotechnology, Microbiology-Virology Laboratory, Larissa, Greece
| | - D Komiotis
- University of Thessaly, School of Health Sciences, Department of Biochemistry & Biotechnology, Microbiology-Virology Laboratory, Larissa, Greece
| | - P Markoulatos
- University of Thessaly, School of Health Sciences, Department of Biochemistry & Biotechnology, Microbiology-Virology Laboratory, Larissa, Greece.
| |
Collapse
|
153
|
Gami B, Kubba F, Ziprin P. Human papilloma virus and squamous cell carcinoma of the anus. Clin Med Insights Oncol 2014; 8:113-9. [PMID: 25288893 PMCID: PMC4179600 DOI: 10.4137/cmo.s13241] [Citation(s) in RCA: 16] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/15/2013] [Revised: 06/16/2014] [Accepted: 06/17/2014] [Indexed: 12/26/2022] Open
Abstract
The incidence of anal cancer is increasing. In the UK, the incidence is estimated at approximately 1.5 per 100,000. Most of this increase is attributed to certain at-risk populations. Persons who are human immunodeficiency virus (HIV)-positive and men who have sex with men (MSM), Organ transplant recipients, women with a history of cervical cancer, human papilloma virus (HPV), or cervical intraepithelial neoplasia (CIN) are known to have a greater risk for anal cancer. This paper will focus on HPV as a risk factor for anal intraepithelial neoplasia (AIN) and discusses the etiology, anatomy, pathogenesis, management of squamous cell carcinoma (SCC) of the anus.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Bhavna Gami
- Department of Bio Surgery and Surgical Technology, St Mary’s Hospital, London, UK
| | - Faris Kubba
- Histopathology Department. Ealing Hospital UK
| | - Paul Ziprin
- Department of Bio Surgery and Surgical Technology, St Mary’s Hospital, London, UK
| |
Collapse
|
154
|
Comparison of the clinical performances of the AdvanSure HPV Screening Real-Time PCR, the Abbott Real-Time High-Risk HPV Test, and the Hybrid Capture High-Risk HPV DNA Test for Cervical Cancer Screening. J Virol Methods 2014; 205:57-60. [DOI: 10.1016/j.jviromet.2014.04.021] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/11/2013] [Revised: 04/24/2014] [Accepted: 04/29/2014] [Indexed: 11/17/2022]
|
155
|
Bueno CT, Silva CMDD, Barcellos RB, Silva JD, Santos CRD, Menezes JES, Menezes HS, Rossetti MLR. Association between cervical lesion grade and micronucleus frequency in the Papanicolaou test. Genet Mol Biol 2014; 37:496-9. [PMID: 25249771 PMCID: PMC4171763 DOI: 10.1590/s1415-47572014000400004] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/31/2014] [Accepted: 04/10/2014] [Indexed: 11/22/2022] Open
Abstract
The aim of this study was to evaluate the association between the frequency of micronuclei (MN) and the cellular changes detected in the conventional Papanicolaou test. One hundred and seventy-four Papanicolaou test smears with cellular changes were examined. MN screening was done in cytopathological smears by counting 1,000 cervical cells in a light microscope. MN frequencies were significantly higher in the group with cellular changes compared to the control group (p < 0.001). The mean MN frequencies were 0.95 ± 1.12 (mean ± SD) in the control group (n = 223), 2.98 ± 1.20 in individuals with atypical squamous cells of undetermined significance (ASC-US) (n = 50), 4.04 ± 1.45 in cervical intraepithelial neoplasia (CIN) I (n = 52), 5.97 ± 1.83 in CIN II (n = 30), 7.29 ± 1.55 in CIN III (n = 17) and 8.64 ± 1.55 in invasive cancer (n = 25). These findings suggest that MN monitoring should be included as an additional criterion for the early detection of cytogenetic damage in routine examinations. This monitoring should be done in the same smear as used for cytopathological examination. More specific and systematic studies are necessary to confirm this proposal.
Collapse
|
156
|
Born H, Ruiz R, Verma A, Taliercio S, Achlatis S, Pitman M, Gandonu S, Bing R, Amin MR, Branski RC. Concurrent oral human papilloma virus infection in patients with recurrent respiratory papillomatosis: a preliminary study. Laryngoscope 2014; 124:2785-90. [PMID: 25059492 DOI: 10.1002/lary.24850] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/13/2014] [Revised: 06/04/2014] [Accepted: 06/27/2014] [Indexed: 11/10/2022]
Abstract
OBJECTIVES/HYPOTHESIS To determine oral human papilloma virus (HPV) colonization in patients with adult-onset recurrent respiratory papillomatosis (AO-RRP) and their long-term partners. STUDY DESIGN Prospective, cohort study METHODS Patients with pathology-confirmed AO-RRP and a small cohort of their long-term partners were subjected to a standardized oral rinse and swab protocol to obtain oral epithelial cells. DNA from these samples was extracted and subjected to both qualitative analyses via multiplex polymerase chain reaction as well as to a commercially available linear array assay for the determination of specific HPV subtypes. RESULTS Samples were collected from 27 patients with AO-RRP and six long-term sexual partners. Qualitative analysis of agarose gel products using a multiple genotype primer cocktail suggested the presence of HPV DNA in oral rinse or swabs in 26 patients (96%) and four partner samples (67%). A subset of these positive patient samples was then subjected to genotyping; a spectrum of HPV subtypes was observed. Interestingly, HPV81 was identified in many samples. CONCLUSION Recent data suggest that less than 7% of the general population is HPV positive in the oral cavity. Our data suggest that the oral colonization rate is much higher in patients with AO-RRP. Additionally, long-term sexual partners of patients with RRP had a much higher rate of HPV positivity. These preliminary data may have implications for viral transmission and provide a framework for enhanced patient education as well as further investigation. LEVEL OF EVIDENCE 4.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Hayley Born
- NYU Voice Center Department of Otolaryngology, New York University School of Medicine, New York, New York, U.S.A
| | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | |
Collapse
|
157
|
Boers A, Slagter-Menkema L, van Hemel BM, Belinson JL, Ruitenbeek T, Buikema HJ, Klip H, Ghyssaert H, van der Zee AGJ, de Bock GH, Wisman GBA, Schuuring E. Comparing the Cervista HPV HR test and Hybrid Capture 2 assay in a Dutch screening population: improved specificity of the Cervista HPV HR test by changing the cut-off. PLoS One 2014; 9:e101930. [PMID: 25051098 PMCID: PMC4106783 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0101930] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/08/2014] [Accepted: 06/13/2014] [Indexed: 11/24/2022] Open
Abstract
The diagnostic performance of the widely-used Cervista HPV HR test was compared to the Hybrid Capture 2 (HC2) test in a Dutch population-based cervical cancer screening program. In 900 scrapings of women with normal cytomorphology, specificity was 90% (95%CI: 87.84–91.87) for the Cervista HPV HR test and 96% (95%CI: 94.76–97.37) for the HC2 test with 93% agreement between both tests (κ = 0.5, p<0.001). The sensitivity for CIN2+ using 65 scrapings of women with histological-confirmed CIN2+ was 91% (95%CI: 80.97–96.51) for the Cervista HPV HR test and 92% (95%CI: 82.94–97.43) for the HC2 test with 95% agreement between both tests (κ = 0.7, p<0.001). Fifty-seven of 60 HC2 negative/Cervista positive cases tested HPV-negative with PCR-based HPV assays; of these cases 56% were defined as Cervista triple-positive with FOZ values in all 3 mixes higher than the second cut-off of 1.93 (as set by manufacturer). By setting this cut-off at 5.0, specificity improved significantly without affecting sensitivity. External validation of this new cut-off at 5.0 in triple-positive scrapings of women selected from the SHENCCASTII database revealed that 22/24 histological normal cases now tested HPV-negative in the Cervista HPV HR test, while CIN2+ lesions remained HPV-positive. The intra-laboratory reproducibility of the Cervista HPV HR test (n = 510) showed a concordance of 92% and 93% for cut-off 1.93 and 5.0 (κ = 0.83 and κ = 0.84, p<0.001) and inter-laboratory agreement of the Cervista HPV HR test was 90% and 93% for cut-off 1.93 and 5.0 (κ = 0.80 and κ = 0.85, p<0.001). In conclusion, the specificity of the Cervista HPV HR test could be improved significantly by increasing the second cut-off from 1.93 to 5.0, without affecting the sensitivity of the test in a population-based screening setting.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Aniek Boers
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Division of Gynecologic Oncology, University of Groningen, University Medical Center Groningen, Groningen, the Netherlands
| | - Lorian Slagter-Menkema
- Department of Pathology and Medical Biology, University of Groningen, University Medical Center Groningen, Groningen, the Netherlands
| | - Bettien M. van Hemel
- Department of Pathology and Medical Biology, University of Groningen, University Medical Center Groningen, Groningen, the Netherlands
| | - Jerome L. Belinson
- Preventive Oncology International, Inc, Cleveland Heights and Lerner College of Medicine, Cleveland Clinic, Cleveland, Ohio, United States of America
| | - Teus Ruitenbeek
- Department of Pathology and Medical Biology, University of Groningen, University Medical Center Groningen, Groningen, the Netherlands
| | - Henk J. Buikema
- Department of Pathology and Medical Biology, University of Groningen, University Medical Center Groningen, Groningen, the Netherlands
| | - Harry Klip
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Division of Gynecologic Oncology, University of Groningen, University Medical Center Groningen, Groningen, the Netherlands
| | - Hilde Ghyssaert
- Department of Pathology, AZ St Jan Brugge-Oostende, Brugge, Belgium
| | - Ate G. J. van der Zee
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Division of Gynecologic Oncology, University of Groningen, University Medical Center Groningen, Groningen, the Netherlands
| | - Geertruida H. de Bock
- Department of Epidemiology, University of Groningen, University Medical Center Groningen, Groningen, the Netherlands
| | - G. Bea A. Wisman
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Division of Gynecologic Oncology, University of Groningen, University Medical Center Groningen, Groningen, the Netherlands
| | - Ed Schuuring
- Department of Pathology and Medical Biology, University of Groningen, University Medical Center Groningen, Groningen, the Netherlands
- * E-mail:
| |
Collapse
|
158
|
Barbieri D, Nebiaj A, Strammiello R, Agosti R, Sciascia S, Gallinella G, Landini MP, Caliceti U, Venturoli S. Detection of HPV16 African variants and quantitative analysis of viral DNA methylation in oropharyngeal squamous cell carcinomas. J Clin Virol 2014; 60:243-9. [PMID: 24845262 DOI: 10.1016/j.jcv.2014.04.014] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/30/2013] [Revised: 02/25/2014] [Accepted: 04/15/2014] [Indexed: 12/22/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND HPV16 is the most prevalent genotype in oropharyngeal squamous cell carcinomas (OPSCCs), but there are few information about intratype variants prevalence and their clinical relevance in these tumors. Moreover, since HPV DNA detection alone is not sufficient to determine a favorable prognosis for OPSCCs, additional diagnostic/prognostic biomarkers are necessary. OBJECTIVES To assess the prevalence of HPV intratype variants and evaluate the role of HPV16 DNA methylation as prognostic marker in OPSCCs. STUDY DESIGN We analyzed 81 biopsies of OPSCCs for HPV detection and genotyping with a pyrosequencing-based HPV DNA-test. We also quantified viral DNA methylation frequency in the LCR by pyrosequencing in patients with transcriptionally-active HPV16-infection, analyzing it in function of available clinical/virological data. RESULTS The overall HPV prevalence was 74.1% and HPV16 was confirmed the most prevalent genotype (51/60, 85.0%). Interestingly, we detected, for the first time, HPV16 African variants in 10/51 cases (19.6%), pointing out their clinical relevance also out of the anogenital district. Regarding viral DNA methylation, the E2BS1 showed a significantly higher mean methylation frequency compared to E2BS3/4, as previously observed in high-grade precancerous lesions of the uterine cervix. On the other hand, patient with a mean methylation frequency in the early promoter >10% showed only a tendency to have a worse prognosis. CONCLUSIONS Our results highlight both the involvement of HPV16 African variants in OPSCCs development and the necessity of further studies to deepen the role of viral methylation in these tumors, in order to better define similarities/differences compared to cervical cancer.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Daniela Barbieri
- Department of Experimental, Diagnostic and Specialty Medicine (DIMES), Section of Microbiology, S.Orsola-Malpighi Hospital, University of Bologna, via Massarenti 9, 40138 Bologna, Italy; Unit of Microbiology, Department of Hematology, Oncology and Laboratory Medicine, S.Orsola-Malpighi University Hospital, via Massarenti 9, 40138 Bologna, Italy
| | - Aurel Nebiaj
- Unit of Otolaryngology, Department of Specialist Surgery and Anesthesiology, S.Orsola-Malpighi University Hospital, via Massarenti 9, 40138 Bologna, Italy
| | - Rosaria Strammiello
- Unit of Microbiology, Department of Hematology, Oncology and Laboratory Medicine, S.Orsola-Malpighi University Hospital, via Massarenti 9, 40138 Bologna, Italy
| | - Roberto Agosti
- Unit of Pathology, Department of Hematology, Oncology and Laboratory Medicine, S.Orsola-Malpighi University Hospital, via Massarenti 9, 40138 Bologna, Italy
| | - Silvia Sciascia
- Unit of Otolaryngology, Department of Specialist Surgery and Anesthesiology, S.Orsola-Malpighi University Hospital, via Massarenti 9, 40138 Bologna, Italy
| | - Giorgio Gallinella
- Unit of Microbiology, Department of Hematology, Oncology and Laboratory Medicine, S.Orsola-Malpighi University Hospital, via Massarenti 9, 40138 Bologna, Italy; Department of Pharmacy and Biotechnology (FaBiT), S.Orsola-Malpighi Hospital, University of Bologna, via Massarenti 9, 40138 Bologna, Italy
| | - Maria Paola Landini
- Department of Experimental, Diagnostic and Specialty Medicine (DIMES), Section of Microbiology, S.Orsola-Malpighi Hospital, University of Bologna, via Massarenti 9, 40138 Bologna, Italy; Unit of Microbiology, Department of Hematology, Oncology and Laboratory Medicine, S.Orsola-Malpighi University Hospital, via Massarenti 9, 40138 Bologna, Italy
| | - Umberto Caliceti
- Unit of Otolaryngology, Department of Specialist Surgery and Anesthesiology, S.Orsola-Malpighi University Hospital, via Massarenti 9, 40138 Bologna, Italy
| | - Simona Venturoli
- Unit of Microbiology, Department of Hematology, Oncology and Laboratory Medicine, S.Orsola-Malpighi University Hospital, via Massarenti 9, 40138 Bologna, Italy.
| |
Collapse
|
159
|
M'Zali F, Bounizra C, Leroy S, Mekki Y, Quentin-Noury C, Kann M. Persistence of microbial contamination on transvaginal ultrasound probes despite low-level disinfection procedure. PLoS One 2014; 9:e93368. [PMID: 24695371 PMCID: PMC3973690 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0093368] [Citation(s) in RCA: 43] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/18/2013] [Accepted: 03/04/2014] [Indexed: 11/18/2022] Open
Abstract
AIM OF THE STUDY In many countries, Low Level Disinfection (LLD) of covered transvaginal ultrasound probes is recommended between patients' examinations. The aim of this study was to evaluate the antimicrobial efficacy of LLD under routine conditions on a range of microorganisms. MATERIALS AND METHODS Samples were taken over a six month period in a private French Radiology Center. 300 specimens derived from endovaginal ultrasound probes were analyzed after disinfection of the probe with wipes impregnated with a quaternary ammonium compound and chlorhexidine. Human papillomavirus (HPV) was sought in the first set of s100 samples, Chlamydia trachomatis and mycoplasmas were searched in the second set of 100 samples, bacteria and fungi in the third 100 set samples. HPV, C. trachomatis and mycoplasmas were detected by PCR amplification. PCR positive samples were subjected to a nuclease treatment before an additional PCR assay to assess the likely viable microorganisms. Bacteria and fungi were investigated by conventional methods. RESULTS A substantial persistence of microorganisms was observed on the disinfected probes: HPV DNA was found on 13% of the samples and 7% in nuclease-resistant form. C. trachomatis DNA was detected on 20% of the probes by primary PCR but only 2% after nuclease treatment, while mycoplasma DNA was amplified in 8% and 4%, respectively. Commensal and/or environmental bacterial flora was present on 86% of the probes, occasionally in mixed culture, and at various levels (10->3000 CFU/probe); Staphylococcus aureus was cultured from 4% of the probes (10-560 CFU/probe). No fungi were isolated. CONCLUSION Our findings raise concerns about the efficacy of impregnated towels as a sole mean for disinfection of ultrasound probes. Although the ultrasound probes are used with disposable covers, our results highlight the potential risk of cross contamination between patients during ultrasound examination and emphasize the need for reviewing the disinfection procedure.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Fatima M'Zali
- Université Bordeaux Segalen, Microbiologie Fondamentale et Pathogénicité Unité Mixte de Recherche 5234, Bordeaux, France
| | - Carole Bounizra
- Université Bordeaux Segalen, Microbiologie Fondamentale et Pathogénicité Unité Mixte de Recherche 5234, Bordeaux, France
| | - Sandrine Leroy
- Centre Hospitalier Universitaire de Nîmes, Service de Biostatistique, Epidémiologie Clinique, Santé Publique, Informatique Médicale, Nîmes, France
| | - Yahia Mekki
- Laboratoire de Virologie, Centre de Biologie et Pathologie Est, Hospices Civils de Lyon, Lyon, France
| | - Claudine Quentin-Noury
- Université Bordeaux Segalen, Microbiologie Fondamentale et Pathogénicité Unité Mixte de Recherche 5234, Bordeaux, France
| | - Michael Kann
- Université Bordeaux Segalen, Microbiologie Fondamentale et Pathogénicité Unité Mixte de Recherche 5234, Bordeaux, France
| |
Collapse
|
160
|
Evaluation of HPV GenoBlot Assay for screening and genotyping of human papillomavirus. BIOCHIP JOURNAL 2014. [DOI: 10.1007/s13206-014-8110-6] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/25/2022]
|
161
|
Harari A, Chen Z, Burk RD. Human papillomavirus genomics: past, present and future. CURRENT PROBLEMS IN DERMATOLOGY 2014; 45:1-18. [PMID: 24643174 DOI: 10.1159/000355952] [Citation(s) in RCA: 34] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/12/2022]
Abstract
Human papillomaviruses (HPV) are a group of divergent DNA viruses, of which a select few evolutionarily related HPVs have emerged to be highly oncogenic and of significant medical importance. Essentially all cases of cervical cancer, as well as a subset of other anogenital and oral cancers are caused by this limited set of HPV types. At present, over 150 HPV types have been identified and may be classified into genera, species and types based upon comparison of the viral genome. Established nucleotide phylogenies sort the highly pathogenic HPV types to the genus Alphapapillomavirus (α-PV). A species group includes viral types with 60-70% genomic nucleotide similarity that share a most-recent common ancestor; for example the species group's alpha-9 (HPV16-related) and alpha-7 (HPV18-related), contain the majority of known oncogenic HPV types. Genomes from the same HPV type with 1-10% nucleotide differences designate HPV variant lineages. The established nucleotide variations observed in extant HPV genomes have been fixed through evolutionary processes prior to human population expansion and global dissemination. To characterize viral types and variants associated with pathology for clinical applications (e.g. screening), molecular epidemiological studies have proven essential for identifying links between HPV natural history and carcinogenicity. This chapter presents a historical account of HPV genomics in the context of major discoveries and advances over the past 2 thousand years.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Ariana Harari
- Departments of Microbiology and Immunology, Gynecology and Women's Health, Albert Einstein College of Medicine, Bronx, N.Y., USA
| | | | | |
Collapse
|
162
|
|
163
|
Heidegger I, Pichler R, Müller B, Klocker H, Oswald D, Haid B, Zelger B, Horninger W, Oswald J. Is real-time PCR the correct method to evaluate the incidence of human papillomavirus in prepuces of asymptomatic boys and men? World J Urol 2013; 32:1199-204. [DOI: 10.1007/s00345-013-1190-4] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/26/2013] [Accepted: 10/09/2013] [Indexed: 10/26/2022] Open
|
164
|
Chalkia AK, Spandidos DA, Detorakis ET. Viral involvement in the pathogenesis and clinical features of ophthalmic pterygium (Review). Int J Mol Med 2013; 32:539-43. [PMID: 23856952 PMCID: PMC3782552 DOI: 10.3892/ijmm.2013.1438] [Citation(s) in RCA: 34] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/17/2013] [Accepted: 07/12/2013] [Indexed: 11/06/2022] Open
Abstract
Pterygium is a potentially vision-threatening fibrovascular lesion originating from the conjunctiva that often extends on the corneal surface. Although it has been extensively studied, its pathogenesis has yet to be fully elucidated. Recent evidence on molecular genetic abnormalities in pterygium suggested neoplastic changes of limbal stem cells potentially associated with exposure to ultraviolet (UV) light. Human papillomavirus (HPV) is an oncogenic virus, associated with squamo-proliferative lesions of the anogenital region, skin and oropharynx. Several studies have shown HPV involvement in the pathogenesis of conjunctival neoplastic lesions, including papilloma and squamous cell carcinoma. The involvement of HPV as a co-factor in the pathogenesis of pterygium, although suggested by several studies using PCR and immunohistochemical techniques, remains controversial. Moreover, a marked variation in the prevalence of HPV in ophthalmic pterygium has been reported by different studies. Ethnic susceptibility and methodological differences in the detection of HPV may account for this variation. Surgical excision, often using sophisticated techniques, is the standard current method of therapy for pterygium. However, recurrences are frequent and recurrent lesions tend to be more aggressive. If indeed HPV is involved in pterygium pathogenesis or recurrence, anti-viral medications or vaccination may be new options in pterygium therapy.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Aikaterini K Chalkia
- Department of Ophthalmology, University Hospital of Heraklion, 71110 Heraklion, Crete, Greece
| | | | | |
Collapse
|
165
|
Vale DB, Westin MC, Zeferino LC. High-grade squamous intraepithelial lesion in women aged <30 years has a prevalence pattern resembling low-grade squamous intraepithelial lesion. Cancer Cytopathol 2013; 121:576-81. [DOI: 10.1002/cncy.21312] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/18/2013] [Revised: 03/22/2013] [Accepted: 04/22/2013] [Indexed: 11/10/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Diama B. Vale
- School of Medicine; Rondonia Federal University; Rondonia Brazil
- School of Medicine; Campinas State University; Campinas Brazil
| | - Maria C. Westin
- School of Medicine; Campinas State University; Campinas Brazil
- Dr. Jose Aristodemos Pinotti Women's Hospital; Campinas State University; Campinas Brazil
| | - Luiz C. Zeferino
- School of Medicine; Campinas State University; Campinas Brazil
- Dr. Jose Aristodemos Pinotti Women's Hospital; Campinas State University; Campinas Brazil
| |
Collapse
|
166
|
Persano S, Valentini P, Kim JH, Pompa PP. Colorimetric detection of human papilloma virus by double isothermal amplification. Chem Commun (Camb) 2013; 49:10605-7. [DOI: 10.1039/c3cc45459b] [Citation(s) in RCA: 19] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/21/2022]
|