151
|
Recent advances of chitosan-based polymers in biomedical applications and environmental protection. JOURNAL OF POLYMER RESEARCH 2022. [PMCID: PMC9167648 DOI: 10.1007/s10965-022-03121-3] [Citation(s) in RCA: 24] [Impact Index Per Article: 12.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/23/2022]
Abstract
Interest in polymer-based biomaterials such as chitosan and its modifications and also the methods of their application in various fields of science is uninterruptedly growing. Owing to unique physicochemical, biological, ecological, physiological properties, such as biocompatibility, biodegradability, stability in the natural environment, non-toxicity, high biological activity, economic affordability, chelating of metal ions, high sorption properties, chitosan is used in various biomedical and industrial processes. The reactivity of the amino and hydroxyl groups in the structure makes it more interesting for diverse applications in drug delivery, tissue engineering, wound healing, regenerative medicine, blood anticoagulation and bone, tendon or blood vessel engineering, dentistry, biotechnology, biosensing, cosmetics, water treatment, agriculture. Taking into account the current situation in the world with COVID-19 and other viruses, chitosan is also active in the form of a vaccine system, it can deliver antibodies to the nasal mucosa and load gene drugs that prevent or disrupt the replication of viral DNA/RNA, and deliver them to infected cells. The presented article is an overview of the nowaday state of the application of chitosan, based on literature of recent years, showing importance of fundamental and applied studies aimed to expand application of chitosan-based polymers in many fields of science.
Collapse
|
152
|
Suvarna V, Nair A, Mallya R, Khan T, Omri A. Antimicrobial Nanomaterials for Food Packaging. Antibiotics (Basel) 2022; 11:antibiotics11060729. [PMID: 35740136 PMCID: PMC9219644 DOI: 10.3390/antibiotics11060729] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/30/2022] [Revised: 05/21/2022] [Accepted: 05/26/2022] [Indexed: 11/16/2022] Open
Abstract
Food packaging plays a key role in offering safe and quality food products to consumers by providing protection and extending shelf life. Food packaging is a multifaceted field based on food science and engineering, microbiology, and chemistry, all of which have contributed significantly to maintaining physicochemical attributes such as color, flavor, moisture content, and texture of foods and their raw materials, in addition to ensuring freedom from oxidation and microbial deterioration. Antimicrobial food packaging systems, in addition to their function as conventional food packaging, are designed to arrest microbial growth on food surfaces, thereby enhancing food stability and quality. Nanomaterials with unique physiochemical and antibacterial properties are widely explored in food packaging as preservatives and antimicrobials, to extend the shelf life of packed food products. Various nanomaterials that are used in food packaging include nanocomposites composing nanoparticles such as silver, copper, gold, titanium dioxide, magnesium oxide, zinc oxide, mesoporous silica and graphene-based inorganic nanoparticles; gelatin; alginate; cellulose; chitosan-based polymeric nanoparticles; lipid nanoparticles; nanoemulsion; nanoliposomes; nanosponges; and nanofibers. Antimicrobial nanomaterial-based packaging systems are fabricated to exhibit greater efficiency against microbial contaminants. Recently, smart food packaging systems indicating the presence of spoilage and pathogenic microorganisms have been investigated by various research groups. The present review summarizes recent updates on various nanomaterials used in the field of food packaging technology, with potential applications as antimicrobial, antioxidant equipped with technology conferring smart functions and mechanisms in food packaging.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Vasanti Suvarna
- Department of Pharmaceutical Chemistry & Quality Assurance, SVKM’s Dr. Bhanuben Nanavati College of Pharmacy, Mumbai 400056, India;
| | - Arya Nair
- Department of Quality Assurance, SVKM’s Dr. Bhanuben Nanavati College of Pharmacy, Mumbai 400056, India; (A.N.); (R.M.)
| | - Rashmi Mallya
- Department of Quality Assurance, SVKM’s Dr. Bhanuben Nanavati College of Pharmacy, Mumbai 400056, India; (A.N.); (R.M.)
| | - Tabassum Khan
- Department of Pharmaceutical Chemistry & Quality Assurance, SVKM’s Dr. Bhanuben Nanavati College of Pharmacy, Mumbai 400056, India;
- Correspondence: (T.K.); (A.O.)
| | - Abdelwahab Omri
- The Novel Drug & Vaccine Delivery Systems Facility, Department of Chemistry and Biochemistry, Laurentian University, Sudbury, ON P3E 2C6, Canada
- Correspondence: (T.K.); (A.O.)
| |
Collapse
|
153
|
Díaz-Cruz CA, Caicedo C, Jiménez-Regalado EJ, Díaz de León R, López-González R, Aguirre-Loredo RY. Evaluation of the Antimicrobial, Thermal, Mechanical, and Barrier Properties of Corn Starch-Chitosan Biodegradable Films Reinforced with Cellulose Nanocrystals. Polymers (Basel) 2022; 14:polym14112166. [PMID: 35683839 PMCID: PMC9183151 DOI: 10.3390/polym14112166] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/27/2022] [Revised: 05/16/2022] [Accepted: 05/18/2022] [Indexed: 01/21/2023] Open
Abstract
Packaging materials play an essential role in the preservation and marketing of food and other products. To improve their conservation capacity, antimicrobial agents that inhibit bacterial growth are used. Biopolymers such as starch and chitosan are a sustainable alternative for the generation of films for packaging that can also serve as a support for preservatives and antimicrobial agents. These substances can replace packaging of synthetic origin and maintain good functional properties to ensure the quality of food products. Films based on a mixture of corn starch and chitosan were developed by the casting method and the effect of incorporating cellulose nanocrystals (CNC) at different concentrations (0 to 10% w/w) was studied. The effect of the incorporation of CNC on the rheological, mechanical, thermal and barrier properties, as well as the antimicrobial activity of nanocomposite films, was evaluated. A significant modification of the functional and antimicrobial properties of the starch–chitosan films was observed with an increase in the concentration of nanomaterials. The films with CNC in a range of 0.5 to 5% presented the best performance. In line with the physicochemical characteristics which are desired in antimicrobial materials, this study can serve as a guide for the development this type of packaging for food use.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Claudio Alonso Díaz-Cruz
- Departamento de Ingeniería Química, Facultad de Ciencias Químicas, Universidad Autónoma de Coahuila, Blvd. Venustiano Carranza SN, Saltillo 25280, Coahuila, Mexico;
| | - Carolina Caicedo
- Grupo de Investigación en Química y Biotecnología (QUIBIO), Facultad de Ciencias Básicas, Universidad Santiago de Cali, Pampalinda, Santiago de Cali 760035, Colombia;
| | - Enrique Javier Jiménez-Regalado
- Departamento de Procesos de Polimerización, Centro de Investigación en Química Aplicada (CIQA), Blvd. Enrique Reyna Hermosillo 140, Saltillo 25294, Coahuila, Mexico; (E.J.J.-R.); (R.D.d.L.); (R.L.-G.)
| | - Ramón Díaz de León
- Departamento de Procesos de Polimerización, Centro de Investigación en Química Aplicada (CIQA), Blvd. Enrique Reyna Hermosillo 140, Saltillo 25294, Coahuila, Mexico; (E.J.J.-R.); (R.D.d.L.); (R.L.-G.)
| | - Ricardo López-González
- Departamento de Procesos de Polimerización, Centro de Investigación en Química Aplicada (CIQA), Blvd. Enrique Reyna Hermosillo 140, Saltillo 25294, Coahuila, Mexico; (E.J.J.-R.); (R.D.d.L.); (R.L.-G.)
| | - Rocio Yaneli Aguirre-Loredo
- Departamento de Procesos de Polimerización, Centro de Investigación en Química Aplicada (CIQA), Blvd. Enrique Reyna Hermosillo 140, Saltillo 25294, Coahuila, Mexico; (E.J.J.-R.); (R.D.d.L.); (R.L.-G.)
- Investigadora por México CONACYT-Centro de Investigación en Química Aplicada Blvd. Enrique Reyna Hermosillo 140, Saltillo 25294, Coahuila, Mexico
- Correspondence:
| |
Collapse
|
154
|
Antimicrobial properties of chitosan from different developmental stages of the bioconverter insect Hermetia illucens. Sci Rep 2022; 12:8084. [PMID: 35577828 PMCID: PMC9110362 DOI: 10.1038/s41598-022-12150-3] [Citation(s) in RCA: 58] [Impact Index Per Article: 29.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/01/2022] [Accepted: 04/21/2022] [Indexed: 11/13/2022] Open
Abstract
Growing antimicrobial resistance has prompted researchers to identify new natural molecules with antimicrobial potential. In this perspective, attention has been focused on biopolymers that could also be functional in the medical field. Chitin is the second most abundant biopolymer on Earth and with its deacetylated derivative, chitosan, has several applications in biomedical and pharmaceutical fields. Currently, the main source of chitin is the crustacean exoskeleton, but the growing demand for these polymers on the market has led to search for alternative sources. Among these, insects, and in particular the bioconverter Hermetia illucens, is one of the most bred. Chitin can be extracted from larvae, pupal exuviae and dead adults of H. illucens, by applying chemical methods, and converted into chitosan. Fourier-transformed infrared spectroscopy confirmed the identity of the chitosan produced from H. illucens and its structural similarity to commercial polymer. Recently, studies showed that chitosan has intrinsic antimicrobial activity. This is the first research that investigated the antibacterial activity of chitosan produced from the three developmental stages of H. illucens through qualitative and quantitative analysis, agar diffusion tests and microdilution assays, respectively. Our results showed the antimicrobial capacity of chitosan of H. illucens, opening new perspectives for its use in the biological area.
Collapse
|
155
|
A Novel Method of Endotoxins Removal from Chitosan Hydrogel as a Potential Bioink Component Obtained by CO2 Saturation. Int J Mol Sci 2022; 23:ijms23105505. [PMID: 35628316 PMCID: PMC9143515 DOI: 10.3390/ijms23105505] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/25/2022] [Revised: 05/12/2022] [Accepted: 05/13/2022] [Indexed: 11/17/2022] Open
Abstract
The article presents a new approach in the purification of chitosan (CS) hydrogel in order to remove a significant amount of endotoxins without changing its molecular weight and viscosity. Two variants of the method used to purify CS hydrogels from endotoxins were investigated using the PyroGene rFC Enzymatic Cascade assay kit. The effect of the CS purification method was assessed in terms of changes in the dynamic viscosity of its hydrogels, the molecular weight of the polymer, microbiological purity after refrigerated storage and cytotoxicity against L929 cells based on the ISO 10993-5:2009(E) standard. The proposed purification method 1 (M1) allows for the removal of significant amounts of endotoxins: 87.9–97.6% in relation to their initial concentration in the CS hydrogel without affecting the solution viscosity. Moreover, the final solutions were sterile and microbiologically stable during storage. The M1 purification method did not change the morphology of the L929 cells.
Collapse
|
156
|
Galstyan A, Strokov K. Influence of photosensitizer concentration and polymer composition on photoinduced antimicrobial activity of PVA- and PVA-chitosan-based electrospun nanomaterials cross-linked with tailor-made silicon(IV) phthalocyanine. Photochem Photobiol Sci 2022; 21:1387-1398. [PMID: 35513693 DOI: 10.1007/s43630-022-00229-9] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/03/2022] [Accepted: 04/04/2022] [Indexed: 11/29/2022]
Abstract
The ongoing effort to eradicate pathogenic bacteria and viruses is a major endeavor that requires development of new and innovative materials. Materials based on photodynamic action represent an emerging and attractive area of research, and therefore, a broad understanding of chemical design principles is required. In the present study, we investigated the antibacterial and antiviral activities of five different nanofibrous membranes composed of poly(vinyl alcohol) or poly(vinyl alcohol)-chitosan mixture cross-linked through silicon(IV)phthalocyanine derivative with the aim to identify the role of the carrier polymer and photosensitizers concentration on its efficacy. A straightforward cross-linking process was adopted to create a water-stable material with an almost uniform distribution of the fiber structure, as revealed by scanning electron microscopy. The results of the antimicrobial studies showed that the increase in the amount of chitosan in the polymer mixture, rather than the increase in the photosensitizer concentration, enhanced the activity of the material. Due to their visible light-triggered antimicrobial activity, the resulting materials provide valuable opportunities for both topical antimicrobial photodynamic therapy and the area of environmental remediation.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Anzhela Galstyan
- Faculty of Chemistry, Center for Nanointegration Duisburg-Essen (CENIDE) and Centre for Water and Environmental Research (ZWU), University of Duisburg-Essen, Essen, Germany. .,Center for Soft Nanoscience, University of Münster, Münster, Germany.
| | | |
Collapse
|
157
|
Yuan H, Li W, Song C, Huang R. An injectable supramolecular nanofiber-reinforced chitosan hydrogel with antibacterial and anti-inflammatory properties as potential carriers for drug delivery. Int J Biol Macromol 2022; 205:563-573. [PMID: 35149101 DOI: 10.1016/j.ijbiomac.2022.02.015] [Citation(s) in RCA: 19] [Impact Index Per Article: 9.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/01/2021] [Revised: 01/30/2022] [Accepted: 02/05/2022] [Indexed: 02/06/2023]
Abstract
The inherent weak mechanical strength of chitosan physical cross-linking hydrogels (CS hydrogels) limits their applications in biomaterials. Hence, puerarin (PUE) as a self-assembly active small molecule in herbal was introduced in CS hydrogels to fabricate CS/PUE18 composite hydrogels with interpenetrating network structure. The result of rheological measurement showed that storage modulus and loss modulus of CS/PUE18 composite hydrogels were improved by three orders of magnitude, indicating that the introduction of PUE significantly reinforced CS hydrogels. The results of SEM and BET measurement demonstrated that macromolecular chains of CS intertwined with nanofibers of PUE, which caused the network structure of CS/PUE18 composite hydrogels to become denser. XRD patterns and FT-IR spectra verified that the amino groups in CS formed hydrogen bonding with the hydroxyl groups in PUE. Degradation and swelling experiments showed that CS/PUE18 composite hydrogels have pH sensitivity. Moreover, CS/PUE18 composite hydrogels exhibited multi-functionality including injectability, thixotropy, cytocompatibility, antibacterial and anti-inflammatory properties. The release behavior of berberine chloride hydrate (BCH) and PUE from the resultant CS/PUE18 composite hydrogels have pH dependence. These results revealed that injectable CS/PUE18 composite hydrogels with dual antibacterial and anti-inflammatory properties could be potential delivery vehicles for sustained and controlled release.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Hao Yuan
- College of Pharmacy, Hubei University of Chinese Medicine, Wuhan, China
| | - Wan Li
- College of Pharmacy, Hubei University of Chinese Medicine, Wuhan, China; Key Laboratory of Traditional Chinese Medicine Resource and Chemistry of Traditional Chinese Medicine in Hubei Province, College of Pharmacy, Hubei University of Chinese Medicine, Wuhan, China.
| | - Chengwu Song
- College of Pharmacy, Hubei University of Chinese Medicine, Wuhan, China
| | - Rongzeng Huang
- College of Pharmacy, Hubei University of Chinese Medicine, Wuhan, China
| |
Collapse
|
158
|
Elmehbad NY, Mohamed NA, Abd El-Ghany NA. Evaluation of the antimicrobial and anti-biofilm activity of novel salicylhydrazido chitosan derivatives impregnated with titanium dioxide nanoparticles. Int J Biol Macromol 2022; 205:719-730. [PMID: 35306018 DOI: 10.1016/j.ijbiomac.2022.03.076] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/08/2022] [Revised: 03/04/2022] [Accepted: 03/12/2022] [Indexed: 02/04/2023]
Abstract
Two novel chitosan derivatives were prepared by incorporating salicylhydrazide into chitosan Schiff base (SCsSB) and chitosan (SCs). Two nanocomposites, SCs/TiO2-1% and SCs/TiO2-3%, were also prepared. Their structures were confirmed using elemental analyses, FTIR, XRD, SEM, EDX and TEM. Their antimicrobial and anti-biofilm activities were arranged as: SCs/TiO2-3% > SCs/TiO2-1% > SCs > SCsSB > chitosan. SCs showed minimum inhibitory concentration (MIC) value of 1.95 μg/mL against A. niger which was comparable with that of Amphotericin B. SCs/TiO2-3% showed higher inhibition against S. epidermidis, S. aureus, S. pyogenes, P. aeruginosa and E. coli than Vancomycin. While, it showed comparable inhibition activity to that of Vancomycin against B. subtilis and P. mirabilis. SCs/TiO2-3% showed MIC values equal 0.48 and 0.98 μg/mL corresponded to 0.98 and 1.95 μg/mL of Amphotericin B against C. albicans, A. fumigatus and A. niger, respectively. SCs/TiO2-3% showed much lower minimum biofilm inhibitory concentration (MBIC) values, ranged between 1.95 and 7.81 μg/mL, than those of SCs, ranged from 62.5 to 125 μg/mL. SCs/TiO2-3% was safe on normal human cells. The modifiers and TiO2 nanoparticles incorporated into chitosan in one structure developed its performance. It is approach for attaining appropriate structures which are good competitors for antimicrobial agents.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Noura Y Elmehbad
- Department of Chemistry, Faculty of Science and Arts, Najran University, Najran, Saudi Arabia
| | - Nadia A Mohamed
- Department of Chemistry, College of Science, Qassim University, Buraidah 51452, Saudi Arabia; Department of Chemistry, Faculty of Science, Cairo University, Giza 12613, Egypt.
| | - Nahed A Abd El-Ghany
- Department of Chemistry, Faculty of Science, Cairo University, Giza 12613, Egypt
| |
Collapse
|
159
|
Antibacterial and Antifungal Properties of Modified Chitosan Nonwovens. Polymers (Basel) 2022; 14:polym14091690. [PMID: 35566859 PMCID: PMC9103858 DOI: 10.3390/polym14091690] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/21/2022] [Revised: 04/11/2022] [Accepted: 04/18/2022] [Indexed: 12/13/2022] Open
Abstract
Chitosan acquires bacteriostatic properties via protonation of its amino groups. However, much of the literature assumes that chitosan itself inhibits the growth of bacteria. This article presents a comparative study of chitosan nonwovens modified with various acids, including acetic, propionic, butyric, and valeric organic acids, as well as hydrochloric acid. The aim was to determine which acid salts influence the antibacterial and antifungal activity of chitosan-based materials. Two methods were used to modify (formation of ammonium salts) the chitosan nonwovens: First, acid vapors (gassing process) were used to find which salt of chitosan had the best antibacterial properties. Based on the results, the most effective acid was prepared in a solution in ethanol. The influence of the acid concentration in ethanol, the time of treatment of chitosan materials with acid solution, and the rinsing process of modified nonwovens on the antimicrobial activity of the modified materials was investigated. The modified materials were subjected to microbiological tests. Each of the modified materials was placed in bacterial inoculum. The cultures were tested on agar to observe their microbial activity. Toxicity to human red blood cells was also investigated. A reduction in the number of bacterial cells was observed for the S. aureus strain with chitosan salt modified with 10% acetic acid in ethanol. The antibacterial activity of the chitosan salts increased with the percentage of acid salts formed on the surface of the solid material (decreasing numbers of bacterial colonies or no growth). No reduction in growth was observed for the E. coli strain. The chitosan samples were either inactive or completely eliminated the bacterial cells. Antimicrobial activity was observed for chitosan salts with hydrochloric acid and acetic acid. Finally, 1H-NMR spectroscopy and FTIR spectroscopy were used to confirm the incorporation of the acid groups to the amino groups of chitosan.
Collapse
|
160
|
Effects of carboxymethyl chitosan adsorption on bioactive components of Antarctic krill oil. Food Chem 2022; 388:132995. [PMID: 35453014 DOI: 10.1016/j.foodchem.2022.132995] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/23/2021] [Revised: 03/22/2022] [Accepted: 04/14/2022] [Indexed: 01/03/2023]
Abstract
High acid value (AV) and fluorine content of Antarctic krill oil (AKO) extracted from frozen krill by ethanol limit its product development. In this study, a method was proposed to reduce the AV and fluorine content of AKO by carboxymethyl chitosan (CMCS) adsorption. The optimal adsorption condition was 12.5% (w/v) of CMCS at 30℃ for 15 min. At this condition, AV and fluorine content decreased by 78.0% and 61.4%, respectively. It is interesting that CMCS adsorption showed specificity to particular substances. Although free fatty acids content showed a significant reduction, free EPA and DHA, phospholipid and astaxanthin remained almost constant. Moreover, CMCS adsorption showed no influence on neuroprotective activity of AKO against H2O2-induced neuro-damage of PC12 cells. The reclaimed CMCS showed an undiminished antimicrobial activity against both Gram-positive and Gram-negative bacteria. The CMCS adsorption shows a potential development for refining AKO and other oils in food industry.
Collapse
|
161
|
Add Sugar to Chitosan: Mucoadhesion and In Vitro Intestinal Permeability of Mannosylated Chitosan Nanocarriers. Pharmaceutics 2022; 14:pharmaceutics14040830. [PMID: 35456664 PMCID: PMC9024478 DOI: 10.3390/pharmaceutics14040830] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/14/2022] [Revised: 04/01/2022] [Accepted: 04/07/2022] [Indexed: 02/04/2023] Open
Abstract
Crosslinked chitosan nanocarriers (140–160 nm) entrapping coumarin-6 (λex/em = 455/508 nm) with or without surface mannosylation were synthesized and assessed for cytotoxicity, adherence and cellular uptake in Caco-2 cells, flux across Caco-2 monolayers, and mucoadhesion to porcine mucin. Mannosylated and non-mannosylated nanocarriers demonstrated biocompatibility with slow release of coumarin-6 at pH 6.8 and 7.4 over 24 h. Adherence of the non-mannosylated nanocarriers (50 and 150 µg/mL) to Caco-2 cells was ~10% over 24 h, whereas cellular uptake of 25–30% was noted at 4 h. The mannosylated nanocarriers showed a similar adherence to non-mannosylated nanocarriers after 24 h, but a lower cellular uptake (~20%) at 1 h, comparable uptake at 4 h, and a higher uptake (~25–30%) at 24 h. Overall, the nanocarriers did not affect the integrity of Caco-2 monolayers. Mannosylated nanocarriers elicited higher Papp of 1.6 × 10−6 cm/s (50 µg/mL) and 1.2 × 10−6 (150 µg/mL) than the non-mannosylated ones: 9.8 × 10−7 cm/s (50 µg/mL) and 1.0 × 10−6 (150 µg/mL) after 2 h. Non-mannosylated chitosan nanocarriers elicited enhanced adhesion to porcine gut mucin via mucin-filled microchannels due to higher cationic charge density. These results underpin the importance of surface chemistry in the biological interactions of nanocarriers, while highlighting the role of surface hydrophilicity in mucopermeation due to mannosylation.
Collapse
|
162
|
Maliki S, Sharma G, Kumar A, Moral-Zamorano M, Moradi O, Baselga J, Stadler FJ, García-Peñas A. Chitosan as a Tool for Sustainable Development: A Mini Review. Polymers (Basel) 2022; 14:polym14071475. [PMID: 35406347 PMCID: PMC9003291 DOI: 10.3390/polym14071475] [Citation(s) in RCA: 24] [Impact Index Per Article: 12.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/31/2022] [Revised: 03/31/2022] [Accepted: 04/02/2022] [Indexed: 01/27/2023] Open
Abstract
New developments require innovative ecofriendly materials defined by their biocompatibility, biodegradability, and versatility. For that reason, the scientific society is focused on biopolymers such as chitosan, which is the second most abundant in the world after cellulose. These new materials should show good properties in terms of sustainability, circularity, and energy consumption during industrial applications. The idea is to replace traditional raw materials with new ecofriendly materials which contribute to keeping a high production rate but also reducing its environmental impact and the costs. The chitosan shows interesting and unique properties, thus it can be used for different purposes which contributes to the design and development of sustainable novel materials. This helps in promoting sustainability through the use of chitosan and diverse materials based on it. For example, it is a good sustainable alternative for food packaging or it can be used for sustainable agriculture. The chitosan can also reduce the pollution of other industrial processes such as paper production. This mini review collects some of the most important advances for the sustainable use of chitosan for promoting circular economy. Hence, the present review focuses on different aspects of chitosan from its synthesis to multiple applications.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Soundouss Maliki
- Departamento de Ciencia e Ingeniería de Materiales e Ingeniería Química (IAAB), Universidad Carlos III de Madrid, 28911 Leganés, Spain; (S.M.); (M.M.-Z.); (J.B.)
| | - Gaurav Sharma
- International Research Centre of Nanotechnology for Himalayan Sustainability (IRCNHS), Shoolini University, Solan 173212, India;
- College of Materials Science and Engineering, Shenzhen Key Laboratory of Polymer Science and Technology, Guangdong Research Center for Interfacial Engineering of Functional Materials, Nanshan District Key Laboratory for Biopolymers and Safety Evaluation, Shenzhen University, Shenzhen 518060, China;
- School of Science and Technology, Glocal University, Saharanpur 247001, India
- Correspondence: (G.S.); (A.G.-P.)
| | - Amit Kumar
- International Research Centre of Nanotechnology for Himalayan Sustainability (IRCNHS), Shoolini University, Solan 173212, India;
- College of Materials Science and Engineering, Shenzhen Key Laboratory of Polymer Science and Technology, Guangdong Research Center for Interfacial Engineering of Functional Materials, Nanshan District Key Laboratory for Biopolymers and Safety Evaluation, Shenzhen University, Shenzhen 518060, China;
| | - María Moral-Zamorano
- Departamento de Ciencia e Ingeniería de Materiales e Ingeniería Química (IAAB), Universidad Carlos III de Madrid, 28911 Leganés, Spain; (S.M.); (M.M.-Z.); (J.B.)
| | - Omid Moradi
- Department of Chemistry, Shahr-e-Qods Branch, Islamic Azad University, Tehran 61349, Iran;
| | - Juan Baselga
- Departamento de Ciencia e Ingeniería de Materiales e Ingeniería Química (IAAB), Universidad Carlos III de Madrid, 28911 Leganés, Spain; (S.M.); (M.M.-Z.); (J.B.)
| | - Florian J. Stadler
- College of Materials Science and Engineering, Shenzhen Key Laboratory of Polymer Science and Technology, Guangdong Research Center for Interfacial Engineering of Functional Materials, Nanshan District Key Laboratory for Biopolymers and Safety Evaluation, Shenzhen University, Shenzhen 518060, China;
| | - Alberto García-Peñas
- Departamento de Ciencia e Ingeniería de Materiales e Ingeniería Química (IAAB), Universidad Carlos III de Madrid, 28911 Leganés, Spain; (S.M.); (M.M.-Z.); (J.B.)
- Correspondence: (G.S.); (A.G.-P.)
| |
Collapse
|
163
|
Loo HL, Goh BH, Lee LH, Chuah LH. Application of chitosan nanoparticles in skin wound healing. Asian J Pharm Sci 2022; 17:299-332. [PMID: 35782330 PMCID: PMC9237591 DOI: 10.1016/j.ajps.2022.04.001] [Citation(s) in RCA: 36] [Impact Index Per Article: 18.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/09/2021] [Revised: 03/31/2022] [Accepted: 04/01/2022] [Indexed: 12/25/2022] Open
Abstract
The rising prevalence of impaired wound healing and the consequential healthcare burdens have gained increased attention over recent years. This has prompted research into the development of novel wound dressings with augmented wound healing functions. Nanoparticle (NP)-based delivery systems have become attractive candidates in constructing such wound dressings due to their various favourable attributes. The non-toxicity, biocompatibility and bioactivity of chitosan (CS)-based NPs make them ideal candidates for wound applications. This review focusses on the application of CS-based NP systems for use in wound treatment. An overview of the wound healing process was presented, followed by discussion on the properties and suitability of CS and its NPs in wound healing. The wound healing mechanisms exerted by CS-based NPs were then critically analysed and discussed in sections, namely haemostasis, infection prevention, inflammatory response, oxidative stress, angiogenesis, collagen deposition, and wound closure time. The results of the studies were thoroughly reviewed, and contradicting findings were identified and discussed. Based on the literature, the gap in research and future prospects in this research area were identified and highlighted. Current evidence shows that CS-based NPs possess superior wound healing effects either used on their own, or as drug delivery vehicles to encapsulate wound healing agents. It is concluded that great opportunities and potentials exist surrounding the use of CSNPs in wound healing.
Collapse
|
164
|
The Chitosan-Based System with Scutellariae baicalensis radix Extract for the Local Treatment of Vaginal Infections. Pharmaceutics 2022; 14:pharmaceutics14040740. [PMID: 35456574 PMCID: PMC9028937 DOI: 10.3390/pharmaceutics14040740] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/24/2022] [Revised: 03/25/2022] [Accepted: 03/26/2022] [Indexed: 02/01/2023] Open
Abstract
Scutellarie baicalensis radix, as a flavone-rich source, exhibits antibacterial, antifungal, antioxidant, and anti-inflammatory activity. It may be used as a therapeutic agent to treat various diseases, including vaginal infections. In this study, six binary mixtures of chitosan with stable S. baicalensis radix lyophilized extract were obtained and identified by spectral (ATR-FTIR, XRPD) and thermal (TG and DSC) methods. The changes in dissolution rates of active compounds and the significant increase in the biological properties towards metal chelating activity were observed, as well as the inhibition of hyaluronic acid degradation after mixing plant extract with chitosan. Moreover, the combination of S. baicalensis radix lyophilized extract with a carrier allowed us to obtain the binary systems with a higher antifungal activity than the pure extract, which may be effective in developing new strategies in the vaginal infections treatment, particularly vulvovaginal candidiasis.
Collapse
|
165
|
Egorov AR, Artemjev AA, Kozyrev VA, Sikaona DN, Rubanik VV, Rubanik VV, Kritchenkov IS, Yagafarov NZ, Khubiev OM, Tereshina TA, Kultyshkina EK, Medjbour B, Khrustalev VN, Kritchenkov AS. Synthesis of Selenium-Containing Chitosan Derivatives and Their Antibacterial Activity. APPL BIOCHEM MICRO+ 2022. [DOI: 10.1134/s0003683822020053] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/31/2023]
Abstract
Abstract
The interaction of chitosan with 3-(chloromethyl)-[1,2,4]selendiazole[4,5-a]pyridin-4 bromide results in water-soluble, selenium-containing, cationic chitosan derivatives. Derivatives of chitosan with degrees of substitution of 0.15, 0.45, and 0.65 were obtained. These derivatives are characterized by a pronounced in vitro antibacterial activity against Staphylococcus aureus and Escherichia coli, and the antibacterial activity of the derivatives increases with an increase in their degree of substitution. The antibacterial activity of the highly substituted derivative is comparable to that of the conventional antibiotics ampicillin and gentamicin.
Collapse
|
166
|
Il’ina AV, Shagdarova BT, Varlamov VP. Prospects for the Use of Metal Nanoparticles and Chitosan Nanomaterials with Metals to Combat Phytopathogens. APPL BIOCHEM MICRO+ 2022. [DOI: 10.1134/s0003683822020090] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/23/2022]
|
167
|
Wang Q, Chen W, Zhu W, McClements DJ, Liu X, Liu F. A review of multilayer and composite films and coatings for active biodegradable packaging. NPJ Sci Food 2022; 6:18. [PMID: 35277514 PMCID: PMC8917176 DOI: 10.1038/s41538-022-00132-8] [Citation(s) in RCA: 30] [Impact Index Per Article: 15.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/29/2021] [Accepted: 02/09/2022] [Indexed: 01/14/2023] Open
Abstract
Active biodegradable packaging are being developed from biodegradable biopolymers which may solve the environmental problems caused by petroleum-based materials (plastics), as well as improving the shelf life, quality, nutritional profile, and safety of packaged food. The functional performance of active ingredients in biodegradable packaging can be extended by controlling their release profiles. This can be achieved by incorporating active ingredients in sandwich-structured packaging including multilayer and composite packaging. In multilayer materials, the release profile can be controlled by altering the type, structure, and thickness of the different layers. In composite materials, the release profile can be manipulated by altering the interactions of active ingredients with the surrounding biopolymer matrix. This article reviews the preparation, properties, and applications of multilayer and composite packaging for controlling the release of active ingredients. Besides, the basic theory of controlled release is also elaborated, including diffusion, swelling, and biodegradation. Mathematical models are presented to describe and predict the controlled release of active ingredients from thin films, which may help researchers design packaging materials with improved functional performance.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Qiankun Wang
- College of Food Science and Engineering, Northwest A&F University, 712100, Yangling, Shaanxi, PR China
| | - Wenzhang Chen
- College of Food Science and Engineering, Northwest A&F University, 712100, Yangling, Shaanxi, PR China
| | - Wenxin Zhu
- College of Food Science and Engineering, Northwest A&F University, 712100, Yangling, Shaanxi, PR China
| | | | - Xuebo Liu
- College of Food Science and Engineering, Northwest A&F University, 712100, Yangling, Shaanxi, PR China
| | - Fuguo Liu
- College of Food Science and Engineering, Northwest A&F University, 712100, Yangling, Shaanxi, PR China.
| |
Collapse
|
168
|
Elnesr SS, Elwan HAM, El Sabry MI, Shehata AM, Alagawany M. Impact of chitosan on productive and physiological performance and gut health of poultry. WORLD POULTRY SCI J 2022. [DOI: 10.1080/00439339.2022.2041992] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/19/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Shaaban S. Elnesr
- Department of Poultry Production, Faculty of Agriculture, Fayoum University, Fayoum, Egypt
| | - Hamada A. M. Elwan
- Animal and Poultry Production Department, Faculty of Agriculture, Minia University, El-Minya, Egypt
| | - Mohamed I. El Sabry
- Animal Production Department, Faculty of Agriculture, Cairo University, Giza, Egypt
| | - Abdelrazeq M. Shehata
- Department of Animal Production, Faculty of Agriculture, Al-Azhar University, Cairo, Egypt
- Department of Dairy Science and Food Technology, Institute of Agricultural Sciences, Banaras Hindu University, Varanasi, India
| | - Mahmoud Alagawany
- Department of Poultry, Faculty of Agriculture, Zagazig University, Zagazig, Egypt
| |
Collapse
|
169
|
Zhao D, Wang Q, Lu F, Bie X, Zhao H, Lu Z, Lu Y. A Novel Class IIb Bacteriocin-Plantaricin EmF Effectively Inhibits Listeria monocytogenes and Extends the Shelf Life of Beef in Combination with Chitosan. JOURNAL OF AGRICULTURAL AND FOOD CHEMISTRY 2022; 70:2187-2196. [PMID: 35019260 DOI: 10.1021/acs.jafc.1c06269] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/14/2023]
Abstract
Plantaricin EmF separated and identified from L. plantarum 163 was a novel class IIb bacteriocin. The molecular masses of plantaricin Em and F were 1638 and 3702 Da, respectively, with amino acid sequences FNRGGYNFGKSVRH and VFHAYSARGVRNNYKSAVGPADWVISAVRGFIHG, respectively. Plantaricin EmF not only exhibited broad-pH adaptability and thermostability but also showed high efficiency and broad-spectrum antibacterial activity. Its mode of action on L. monocytogenes damaged cell membrane integrity, resulting in the leakage of cytoplasm, changes in cell structure and morphology, and ultimately cell death. Additionally, plantaricin EmF inactivated L. monocytogenes in beef, effectively improving the quality indices of beef, thereby extending its shelf life, especially in combination with chitosan. Plantaricin EmF + 1.0% chitosan extended the shelf life of beef to 15 d, demonstrating its potential application value to replace chemical preservatives to control food-borne pathogenic microorganisms and extend the shelf life of meat and meat products in agriculture and the food industry.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Deyin Zhao
- College of Food Science and Technology, Nanjing Agricultural University, Nanjing 210095, China
| | - Qian Wang
- College of Food Science and Technology, Nanjing Agricultural University, Nanjing 210095, China
| | - Fengxia Lu
- College of Food Science and Technology, Nanjing Agricultural University, Nanjing 210095, China
| | - Xiaomei Bie
- College of Food Science and Technology, Nanjing Agricultural University, Nanjing 210095, China
| | - Haizhen Zhao
- College of Food Science and Technology, Nanjing Agricultural University, Nanjing 210095, China
| | - Zhaoxin Lu
- College of Food Science and Technology, Nanjing Agricultural University, Nanjing 210095, China
| | - Yingjian Lu
- College of Food Science & Engineering, Nanjing University of Finance and Economics, Nanjing 210023, China
| |
Collapse
|
170
|
Kong I, Degraeve P, Pui LP. Polysaccharide-Based Edible Films Incorporated with Essential Oil Nanoemulsions: Physico-Chemical, Mechanical Properties and Its Application in Food Preservation—A Review. Foods 2022; 11:foods11040555. [PMID: 35206032 PMCID: PMC8871330 DOI: 10.3390/foods11040555] [Citation(s) in RCA: 28] [Impact Index Per Article: 14.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/14/2021] [Revised: 01/19/2022] [Accepted: 01/19/2022] [Indexed: 02/04/2023] Open
Abstract
Edible films with essential oils (EOs) are becoming increasingly popular as an alternative to synthetic packaging due to their environmentally friendly properties and ability as carriers of active compounds. However, the required amounts of EOs to impart effective antimicrobial properties generally exceed the organoleptic acceptance levels. However, by nanoemulsifying EOs, it is possible to increase their antimicrobial activity while reducing the amount required. This review provides an overview of the physico-chemical and mechanical properties of polysaccharide-based edible films incorporated with EOs nanoemulsions and of their application to the preservation of different food types. By incorporating EOs nanoemulsions into the packaging matrix, these edible films can help to extend the shelf-life of food products while also improving the quality and safety of the food product during storage. It can be concluded that these edible films have the potential to be used in the food industry as a green, sustainable, and biodegradable method for perishable foods preservation.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Ianne Kong
- Department of Food Science and Nutrition, Faculty of Applied Sciences, UCSI University, Jalan Menara Gading, UCSI Heights, Cheras, Kuala Lumpur 56000, Malaysia;
| | - Pascal Degraeve
- BioDyMIA Research Unit, Univ Lyon, Université Claude Bernard Lyon 1, ISARA Lyon, 155 rue Henri de Boissieu, F-01 000 Bourg en Bresse, France;
| | - Liew Phing Pui
- Department of Food Science and Nutrition, Faculty of Applied Sciences, UCSI University, Jalan Menara Gading, UCSI Heights, Cheras, Kuala Lumpur 56000, Malaysia;
- Correspondence:
| |
Collapse
|
171
|
Enhanced Bioactivity of Pomegranate Peel Extract following Controlled Release from CaCO3 Nanocrystals. Bioinorg Chem Appl 2022; 2022:6341298. [PMID: 35190732 PMCID: PMC8858070 DOI: 10.1155/2022/6341298] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/26/2021] [Accepted: 12/24/2021] [Indexed: 12/12/2022] Open
Abstract
Pomegranate peel extract is rich of interesting bioactive chemicals, principally phenolic compounds, which have shown antimicrobial, anticancer, and antioxidative properties. The aim of this work was to improve extract’ bioactivity through the adsorption on calcium carbonate nanocrystals. Nanocrystals revealed as efficient tools for extract adsorption reaching 50% of loading efficiency. Controlled release of the contained metabolites under acidic pH has been found, as it was confirmed by quantitative assay and qualitative study through NMR analysis. Specific functionality of inorganic nanocarriers could be also tuned by biopolymeric coating. The resulting coated nanoformulations showed a great antimicrobial activity against B. cinerea fungus preventing strawberries disease better than a commercial fungicide. Furthermore, nanoformulations demonstrated a good antiproliferative activity in neuroblastoma and breast cancer cells carrying out a higher cytotoxic effect respect to free extract, confirming a crucial role of nanocarriers. Finally, pomegranate peel extract showed a very high radical scavenging ability, equal to ascorbic acid. Antioxidant activity, measured also in intracellular environment, highlighted a protective action of extract-adsorbed nanocrystals twice than free extract, providing a possible application for new nutraceutical formulations.
Collapse
|
172
|
Improving shelf life of calf fillet in refrigerated storage using edible coating based on chitosan/natamycin containing Spirulina platensis and Chlorella vulgaris microalgae. JOURNAL OF FOOD MEASUREMENT AND CHARACTERIZATION 2022. [DOI: 10.1007/s11694-021-01153-9] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/20/2022]
|
173
|
Kong Y, Wang D, Wei Q, Yang Y. Nerve Decellularized Matrix Composite Scaffold With High Antibacterial Activity for Nerve Regeneration. Front Bioeng Biotechnol 2022; 9:840421. [PMID: 35155420 PMCID: PMC8831845 DOI: 10.3389/fbioe.2021.840421] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/21/2021] [Accepted: 12/30/2021] [Indexed: 11/26/2022] Open
Abstract
Nerve decellularized matrix (NDM) has received much attention due to its natural composition and structural advantages that had proven to be an excellent candidate for peripheral nerve regeneration. However, NDM with simultaneous biocompatibility, promoting nerve regeneration, as well as resistant to infection was rarely reporter. In this study, a porous NDM-CS scaffold with high antimicrobial activity and high biocompatibility was prepared by combining the advantages of both NDM and chitosan (CS) in a one-step method. The NDM-CS scaffold possessed high porosity and hydrophilicity, exhibited excellent biocompatibility which was suitable for cell growth and nutrient exchange. Meanwhile, NDM-CS scaffold had a significant antibacterial effect on both Escherichia coli (E. coli) and Staphylococcus aureus (S. aureus), which could avoid wound infection during the repair process. In addition, the NDM-CS scaffold could support the growth and viability of Schwann cells effectively. Among them, the E2C1 group had the strongest ability to enhance proliferation, polarization and migration of Schwann cells among the three groups. The positive effect on Schwann cells indicated their ability in the process of nerve injury repair. Therefore, this NDM-CS scaffold may have potential prospects for application in neural tissue engineering.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
| | | | - Qufu Wei
- *Correspondence: Qufu Wei, ; Yumin Yang,
| | - Yumin Yang
- *Correspondence: Qufu Wei, ; Yumin Yang,
| |
Collapse
|
174
|
Poh WH, Rice SA. Recent Developments in Nitric Oxide Donors and Delivery for Antimicrobial and Anti-Biofilm Applications. Molecules 2022; 27:molecules27030674. [PMID: 35163933 PMCID: PMC8839391 DOI: 10.3390/molecules27030674] [Citation(s) in RCA: 32] [Impact Index Per Article: 16.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/21/2021] [Revised: 01/10/2022] [Accepted: 01/12/2022] [Indexed: 12/10/2022] Open
Abstract
The use of nitric oxide (NO) is emerging as a promising, novel approach for the treatment of antibiotic resistant bacteria and biofilm infections. Depending on the concentration, NO can induce biofilm dispersal, increase bacteria susceptibility to antibiotic treatment, and induce cell damage or cell death via the formation of reactive oxygen or reactive nitrogen species. The use of NO is, however, limited by its reactivity, which can affect NO delivery to its target site and result in off-target effects. To overcome these issues, and enable spatial or temporal control over NO release, various strategies for the design of NO-releasing materials, including the incorporation of photo-activable, charge-switchable, or bacteria-targeting groups, have been developed. Other strategies have focused on increased NO storage and delivery by encapsulation or conjugation of NO donors within a single polymeric framework. This review compiles recent developments in NO drugs and NO-releasing materials designed for applications in antimicrobial or anti-biofilm treatment and discusses limitations and variability in biological responses in response to the use of NO for bacterial eradiation.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Wee Han Poh
- Singapore Centre for Environmental Life Sciences Engineering, Nanyang Technological University, Singapore 637551, Singapore;
- Correspondence:
| | - Scott A. Rice
- Singapore Centre for Environmental Life Sciences Engineering, Nanyang Technological University, Singapore 637551, Singapore;
- School of Biological Sciences, Nanyang Technological University, Singapore 637551, Singapore
- The iThree Institute, The University of Technology Sydney, Sydney, NSW 2007, Australia
| |
Collapse
|
175
|
Sreelatha S, Kumar N, Yin TS, Rajani S. Evaluating the Antibacterial Activity and Mode of Action of Thymol-Loaded Chitosan Nanoparticles Against Plant Bacterial Pathogen Xanthomonas campestris pv. campestris. Front Microbiol 2022; 12:792737. [PMID: 35095804 PMCID: PMC8795685 DOI: 10.3389/fmicb.2021.792737] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/11/2021] [Accepted: 11/24/2021] [Indexed: 12/27/2022] Open
Abstract
The bacterium Xanthomonas campestris pv. campestris (Xcc) causes black rot disease in cruciferous crops, resulting in severe yield loss worldwide. The excessive use of chemical pesticides in agriculture to control diseases has raised significant concern about the impact on the environment and human health. Nanoparticles have recently gained significant attention in agriculture owing to their promising application in plant disease control, increasing soil fertility and nutrient availability. In the current study, we synthesized thymol-loaded chitosan nanoparticles (TCNPs) and assessed their antibacterial activity against Xcc. The synthesis of TCNPs was confirmed by using ultraviolet–visible spectroscopy. Fourier-transform infrared spectroscopy, transmission electron microscopy, and scanning electron microscopy analysis revealed the functional groups, size, and shape of TCNPs, with sizes ranging from 54 to 250 nm, respectively. The antibacterial activity of TCNPs against Xcc was investigated in vitro by liquid broth, cell viability, and live dead staining assay, and all of them demonstrated the antibacterial activity of TCNPs. Furthermore, TCNPs were found to directly inhibit the growth of Xcc by suppressing the growth of biofilm formation and the production of exopolysaccharides and xanthomonadin. The ultrastructure studies revealed membrane damage in TCNP-treated Xcc cells, causing a release of intracellular contents. Headspace/gas chromatography (GC)–mass spectrometry (MS) analysis showed changes in the volatile profile of Xcc cells treated with TCNPs. Increased amounts of carbonyl components (mainly ketones) and production of new volatile metabolites were observed in Xcc cells incubated with TCNPs. Overall, this study reveals TCNPs as a promising antibacterial candidate against Xcc.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Sarangapani Sreelatha
- Temasek Life Sciences Laboratory, National University of Singapore, Singapore, Singapore
| | - Nadimuthu Kumar
- Temasek Life Sciences Laboratory, National University of Singapore, Singapore, Singapore
| | - Tan Si Yin
- Department of Biological Sciences, National University of Singapore, Singapore, Singapore
| | - Sarojam Rajani
- Temasek Life Sciences Laboratory, National University of Singapore, Singapore, Singapore
- *Correspondence: Sarojam Rajani,
| |
Collapse
|
176
|
Niculescu AG, Grumezescu AM. Applications of Chitosan-Alginate-Based Nanoparticles-An Up-to-Date Review. NANOMATERIALS (BASEL, SWITZERLAND) 2022; 12:186. [PMID: 35055206 PMCID: PMC8778629 DOI: 10.3390/nano12020186] [Citation(s) in RCA: 53] [Impact Index Per Article: 26.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/30/2021] [Revised: 01/02/2022] [Accepted: 01/04/2022] [Indexed: 02/07/2023]
Abstract
Chitosan and alginate are two of the most studied natural polymers that have attracted interest for multiple uses in their nano form. The biomedical field is one of the domains benefiting the most from the development of nanotechnology, as increasing research interest has been oriented to developing chitosan-alginate biocompatible delivery vehicles, antimicrobial agents, and vaccine adjuvants. Moreover, these nanomaterials of natural origin have also become appealing for environmental protection (e.g., water treatment, environmental-friendly fertilizers, herbicides, and pesticides) and the food industry. In this respect, the present paper aims to discuss some of the newest applications of chitosan-alginate-based nanomaterials and serve as an inception point for further research in the field.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Adelina-Gabriela Niculescu
- Department of Science and Engineering of Oxide Materials and Nanomaterials, Faculty of Applied Chemistry and Materials Science, Politehnica University of Bucharest, 011061 Bucharest, Romania;
| | - Alexandru Mihai Grumezescu
- Department of Science and Engineering of Oxide Materials and Nanomaterials, Faculty of Applied Chemistry and Materials Science, Politehnica University of Bucharest, 011061 Bucharest, Romania;
- Research Institute of the University of Bucharest—ICUB, University of Bucharest, 050657 Bucharest, Romania
- Academy of Romanian Scientists, Ilfov No. 3, 050044 Bucharest, Romania
| |
Collapse
|
177
|
Kamarudin SH, Rayung M, Abu F, Ahmad S, Fadil F, Karim AA, Norizan MN, Sarifuddin N, Mat Desa MSZ, Mohd Basri MS, Samsudin H, Abdullah LC. A Review on Antimicrobial Packaging from Biodegradable Polymer Composites. Polymers (Basel) 2022; 14:174. [PMID: 35012197 PMCID: PMC8747113 DOI: 10.3390/polym14010174] [Citation(s) in RCA: 19] [Impact Index Per Article: 9.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/08/2021] [Revised: 11/23/2021] [Accepted: 11/24/2021] [Indexed: 12/13/2022] Open
Abstract
The development of antimicrobial packaging has been growing rapidly due to an increase in awareness and demands for sustainable active packaging that could preserve the quality and prolong the shelf life of foods and products. The addition of highly efficient antibacterial nanoparticles, antifungals, and antioxidants to biodegradable and environmentally friendly green polymers has become a significant advancement trend for the packaging evolution. Impregnation of antimicrobial agents into the packaging film is essential for impeding or destroying the pathogenic microorganisms causing food illness and deterioration. Higher safety and quality as well as an extended shelf life of sustainable active packaging desired by the industry are further enhanced by applying the different types of antimicrobial packaging systems. Antimicrobial packaging not only can offer a wide range of advantages, but also preserves the environment through usage of renewable and biodegradable polymers instead of common synthetic polymers, thus reducing plastic pollution generated by humankind. This review intended to provide a summary of current trends and applications of antimicrobial, biodegradable films in the packaging industry as well as the innovation of nanotechnology to increase efficiency of novel, bio-based packaging systems.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Siti Hasnah Kamarudin
- School of Industrial Technology, Faculty of Applied Sciences, Uitm Shah Alam, Shah Alam 40450, Malaysia; (F.A.); (S.A.); (F.F.); (A.A.K.)
| | - Marwah Rayung
- Department of Chemistry, Faculty of Science and Technology, Universiti Putra Malaysia, Serdang 43400, Malaysia;
| | - Falah Abu
- School of Industrial Technology, Faculty of Applied Sciences, Uitm Shah Alam, Shah Alam 40450, Malaysia; (F.A.); (S.A.); (F.F.); (A.A.K.)
| | - So’bah Ahmad
- School of Industrial Technology, Faculty of Applied Sciences, Uitm Shah Alam, Shah Alam 40450, Malaysia; (F.A.); (S.A.); (F.F.); (A.A.K.)
| | - Fatirah Fadil
- School of Industrial Technology, Faculty of Applied Sciences, Uitm Shah Alam, Shah Alam 40450, Malaysia; (F.A.); (S.A.); (F.F.); (A.A.K.)
| | - Azrena Abdul Karim
- School of Industrial Technology, Faculty of Applied Sciences, Uitm Shah Alam, Shah Alam 40450, Malaysia; (F.A.); (S.A.); (F.F.); (A.A.K.)
| | - Mohd Nurazzi Norizan
- Centre for Defence Foundation Studies, Universiti Pertahanan Nasional Malaysia (UPNM), Kem Perdana Sungai Besi, Kuala Lumpur 57000, Malaysia;
| | - Norshahida Sarifuddin
- Department of Manufacturing and Materials Engineering, International Islamic University Malaysia, Jalan Gombak, Kuala Lumpur 53100, Malaysia;
| | - Mohd Shaiful Zaidi Mat Desa
- Faculty of Chemical Engineering Technology and Process, Universiti Malaysia Pahang, Lebuhraya Tun Razak, Gambang 26300, Malaysia;
| | - Mohd Salahuddin Mohd Basri
- Department of Process and Food Engineering, Faculty of Engineering, Universiti Putra Malaysia, Serdang 43400, Malaysia;
| | - Hayati Samsudin
- Food Technology Division, School of Industrial Technology, Universiti Sains Malaysia, Pulau Pinang 11800, Malaysia;
| | - Luqman Chuah Abdullah
- Department of Chemical and Environmental Engineering, Faculty of Engineering, Universiti Putra Malaysia, Serdang 43400, Malaysia;
| |
Collapse
|
178
|
Vijayakumar BG, Ramesh D, Kumaravel SM, Theresa M, Sethumadhavan A, Venkatesan BP, Radhakrishnan EK, Mani M, Kannan T. Chitosan with pendant (E)-5-((4-acetylphenyl) diazenyl)-6-aminouracil groups as synergetic antimicrobial agents. J Mater Chem B 2022; 10:4048-4058. [DOI: 10.1039/d2tb00240j] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/21/2022]
Abstract
Conventional antimicrobial agents are losing the war against drug resistance day-by-day. Chitosan biopolymer is one of the alternative materials that lends itself well to this application by fine-tuning its bioactivity...
Collapse
|
179
|
Huang Y, Yu H, Wang L, Shen D, Ni Z, Ren S, Lu Y, Chen X, Yang J, Hong Y. Research progress on cosmetic microneedle systems: Preparation, property and application. Eur Polym J 2022. [DOI: 10.1016/j.eurpolymj.2021.110942] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/04/2022]
|
180
|
Fabrication of Novel Chitosan–Hydroxyapatite Nanostructured Thin Films for Biomedical Applications. COATINGS 2021. [DOI: 10.3390/coatings11121561] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/14/2022]
Abstract
In this study, we develop chitosan–hydroxyapatite (CS–HAp) composite layers that were deposited on Si substrates in radio frequency (RF) magnetron sputtering discharge in argon gas. The composition and structure of CS–HAp composite layers were investigated by analytical techniques, such as Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy (FT-IR), scanning electron microscopy (SEM), metallographic microscopy (MM), and atomic force microscopy (AFM). On the other hand, in the present study the second order derivative of FT-IR–ATR spectra, for compositional analyses of CS–HAp, were used. The SEM, MM, and AFM data have shown the formation of CS–HAp composite layers. The surface of CS–HAp composite layers showed uniform growth (at an Ar gas working pressure of p = 2 × 10−3 mbar). The surface of the CS–HAp composites coatings became more nanostructured, becoming granular as the gas pressure increased from 5 × 10−3 to 1.2 × 10−2 mbar. However, our studies revealed that the surface morphology of the CS–HAp composite layers varies with the Ar gas working pressure. At the same time, optical properties are slightly influenced by Ar pressure. Their unique physicochemical properties make them suitable for various applications in the biomedical field, if we consider the already proven antimicrobial properties of chitosan. The antifungal properties and the capacity of the CS–HAp composite layers to inhibit the development of fungal biofilms were also demonstrated using the Candida albicans ATCC 10231 (C. albicans) fungal strain.
Collapse
|
181
|
Electrospinning of Chitosan for Antibacterial Applications—Current Trends. APPLIED SCIENCES-BASEL 2021. [DOI: 10.3390/app112411937] [Citation(s) in RCA: 18] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/06/2023]
Abstract
Chitosan is a natural biopolymer that can be suitable for a wide range of applications due to its biocompatibility, rigid structure, and biodegradability. Moreover, it has been proven to have an antibacterial effect against several bacteria strains by incorporating the advantages of the electrospinning technique, with which tailored nanofibrous scaffolds can be produced. A literature search is conducted in this review regarding the antibacterial effectiveness of chitosan-based nanofibers in the filtration, biomedicine, and food protection industries. The results are promising in terms of research into sustainable materials. This review focuses on the electrospinning of chitosan for antibacterial applications and shows current trends in this field. In addition, various aspects such as the parameters affecting the antibacterial properties of chitosan are presented, and the application areas of electrospun chitosan nanofibers in the fields of air and water filtration, food storage, wound treatment, and tissue engineering are discussed in more detail.
Collapse
|
182
|
Hemmingsen LM, Škalko-Basnet N, Jøraholmen MW. The Expanded Role of Chitosan in Localized Antimicrobial Therapy. Mar Drugs 2021; 19:697. [PMID: 34940696 PMCID: PMC8704789 DOI: 10.3390/md19120697] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/10/2021] [Revised: 12/04/2021] [Accepted: 12/06/2021] [Indexed: 12/19/2022] Open
Abstract
Chitosan is one of the most studied natural origin polymers for biomedical applications. This review focuses on the potential of chitosan in localized antimicrobial therapy to address the challenges of current rising antimicrobial resistance. Due to its mucoadhesiveness, chitosan offers the opportunity to prolong the formulation residence time at mucosal sites; its wound healing properties open possibilities to utilize chitosan as wound dressings with multitargeted activities and more. We provide an unbiased overview of the state-of-the-art chitosan-based delivery systems categorized by the administration site, addressing the site-related challenges and evaluating the representative formulations. Specifically, we offer an in-depth analysis of the current challenges of the chitosan-based novel delivery systems for skin and vaginal infections, including its formulations optimizations and limitations. A brief overview of chitosan's potential in treating ocular, buccal and dental, and nasal infections is included. We close the review with remarks on toxicity issues and remaining challenges and perspectives.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Lisa Myrseth Hemmingsen
- Drug Transport and Delivery Research Group, Department of Pharmacy, UiT The Arctic University of Norway, Universitetsvegen 57, 9037 Tromsø, Norway;
| | | | - May Wenche Jøraholmen
- Drug Transport and Delivery Research Group, Department of Pharmacy, UiT The Arctic University of Norway, Universitetsvegen 57, 9037 Tromsø, Norway;
| |
Collapse
|
183
|
Zhang X, Ismail BB, Cheng H, Jin TZ, Qian M, Arabi SA, Liu D, Guo M. Emerging chitosan-essential oil films and coatings for food preservation - A review of advances and applications. Carbohydr Polym 2021; 273:118616. [PMID: 34561014 DOI: 10.1016/j.carbpol.2021.118616] [Citation(s) in RCA: 98] [Impact Index Per Article: 32.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/24/2021] [Revised: 06/28/2021] [Accepted: 08/24/2021] [Indexed: 11/19/2022]
Abstract
With the rising demand for fresh and ready-to-eat foods, antimicrobial packaging has been developed to control or prevent microbial growth as well as maintain food quality and safety. Chitosan is an advanced biomaterial for antimicrobial packaging to meet the growing needs of safe and biodegradable packaging. The application of natural essential oils as antimicrobial agents effectively controls the growth of spoilage and pathogenic microbes. Thus, chitosan edible coatings and films incorporated with essential oils have expanded the general applications of antimicrobial packaging in food products. This review summarized the effect of essential oils on modifying the physicochemical characteristics of chitosan-based films. Notably, the antimicrobial efficacy of the developed composite films or coatings was highlighted. The advances in the preparation methods and application of chitosan films were also discussed. Broadly, this review will promote the potential applications of chitosan-essential oils composite films or coatings in antimicrobial packaging for food preservation.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Xinhui Zhang
- College of Biosystems Engineering and Food Science, National-Local Joint Engineering Laboratory of Intelligent Food Technology and Equipment, Zhejiang Key Laboratory for Agro-Food Processing, Zhejiang R & D Center for Food Technology and Equipment, Fuli Institute of Food Science, Ningbo Research Institute, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou 310058, China
| | - Balarabe B Ismail
- College of Biosystems Engineering and Food Science, National-Local Joint Engineering Laboratory of Intelligent Food Technology and Equipment, Zhejiang Key Laboratory for Agro-Food Processing, Zhejiang R & D Center for Food Technology and Equipment, Fuli Institute of Food Science, Ningbo Research Institute, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou 310058, China
| | - Huan Cheng
- College of Biosystems Engineering and Food Science, National-Local Joint Engineering Laboratory of Intelligent Food Technology and Equipment, Zhejiang Key Laboratory for Agro-Food Processing, Zhejiang R & D Center for Food Technology and Equipment, Fuli Institute of Food Science, Ningbo Research Institute, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou 310058, China
| | - Tony Z Jin
- U. S. Department of Agriculture, Agricultural Research Service, Eastern Regional Research Center, 600 East Mermaid Lane, Wyndmoor, PA 19038, USA
| | - Mengyan Qian
- College of Biosystems Engineering and Food Science, National-Local Joint Engineering Laboratory of Intelligent Food Technology and Equipment, Zhejiang Key Laboratory for Agro-Food Processing, Zhejiang R & D Center for Food Technology and Equipment, Fuli Institute of Food Science, Ningbo Research Institute, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou 310058, China
| | | | - Donghong Liu
- College of Biosystems Engineering and Food Science, National-Local Joint Engineering Laboratory of Intelligent Food Technology and Equipment, Zhejiang Key Laboratory for Agro-Food Processing, Zhejiang R & D Center for Food Technology and Equipment, Fuli Institute of Food Science, Ningbo Research Institute, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou 310058, China
| | - Mingming Guo
- College of Biosystems Engineering and Food Science, National-Local Joint Engineering Laboratory of Intelligent Food Technology and Equipment, Zhejiang Key Laboratory for Agro-Food Processing, Zhejiang R & D Center for Food Technology and Equipment, Fuli Institute of Food Science, Ningbo Research Institute, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou 310058, China.
| |
Collapse
|
184
|
Novel strategies of essential oils, chitosan, and nano- chitosan for inhibition of multi-drug resistant: E. coli O157:H7 and Listeria monocytogenes. Saudi J Biol Sci 2021; 29:2582-2590. [PMID: 35531141 PMCID: PMC9073063 DOI: 10.1016/j.sjbs.2021.12.036] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/04/2021] [Revised: 11/25/2021] [Accepted: 12/14/2021] [Indexed: 11/21/2022] Open
Abstract
Despite the wide range of available antibiotics, food borne bacteria demonstrate a huge spectrum of resistance. The current study aims to use natural components such as essential oils (EOs), chitosan, and nano-chitosan that have very influential antibacterial properties with novel technologies like chitosan solution/film loaded with EOs against multi-drug resistant bacteria. Two strains of Escherichia coli O157:H7 and three strains of Listeria monocytogenes were used to estimate antibiotics resistance. Ten EOs and their mixture, chitosan, nano-chitosan, chitosan plus EO solutions, and biodegradable chitosan film enriched with EOs were tested as antibacterial agents against pathogenic bacterial strains. Results showed that E. coli O157:H7 51,659 and L. monocytogenes 19,116 relatively exhibited considerable resistance to more than one single antibiotic. Turmeric, cumin, pepper black, and marjoram did not show any inhibition zone against L. monocytogenes; Whereas, clove, thyme, cinnamon, and garlic EOs exhibited high antibacterial activity against L. monocytogenes with minimum inhibitory concentration (MIC) of 250–400 μl 100−1 ml and against E. coli O157:H7 with an MIC of 350–500 μl 100−1 ml, respectively. Among combinations, clove, and thyme EOs showed the highest antibacterial activity against E. coli O157:H7 with MIC of 170 μl 100−1 ml, and the combination of cinnamon and clove EOs showed the strongest antibacterial activity against L. monocytogenes with an MIC of 120 μl 100−1 ml. Both chitosan and nano-chitosan showed a promising potential as an antibacterial agent against pathogenic bacteria as their MICs were relatively lower against L. monocytogenes than for E. coli O157:H7. Chitosan combined with each of cinnamon, clove, and thyme oil have a more effective antibacterial activity against L. monocytogenes and E. coli O157:H7 than the mixture of oils alone. Furthermore, the use of either chitosan solution or biodegradable chitosan film loaded with a combination of clove and thyme EOs had the strongest antibacterial activity against L. monocytogenes and E. coli O157:H7. However, chitosan film without EOs did not exhibit an inhibition zone against the tested bacterial strains.
Collapse
|
185
|
Antimicrobial Properties of Chitosan and Chitosan Derivatives in the Treatment of Enteric Infections. Molecules 2021; 26:molecules26237136. [PMID: 34885715 PMCID: PMC8659174 DOI: 10.3390/molecules26237136] [Citation(s) in RCA: 105] [Impact Index Per Article: 35.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/13/2021] [Revised: 11/20/2021] [Accepted: 11/23/2021] [Indexed: 12/26/2022] Open
Abstract
Antibiotics played an important role in controlling the development of enteric infection. However, the emergence of antibiotic resistance and gut dysbiosis led to a growing interest in the use of natural antimicrobial agents as alternatives for therapy and disinfection. Chitosan is a nontoxic natural antimicrobial polymer and is approved by GRAS (Generally Recognized as Safe by the United States Food and Drug Administration). Chitosan and chitosan derivatives can kill microbes by neutralizing negative charges on the microbial surface. Besides, chemical modifications give chitosan derivatives better water solubility and antimicrobial property. This review gives an overview of the preparation of chitosan, its derivatives, and the conjugates with other polymers and nanoparticles with better antimicrobial properties, explains the direct and indirect mechanisms of action of chitosan, and summarizes current treatment for enteric infections as well as the role of chitosan and chitosan derivatives in the antimicrobial agents in enteric infections. Finally, we suggested future directions for further research to improve the treatment of enteric infections and to develop more useful chitosan derivatives and conjugates.
Collapse
|
186
|
Besednova NN, Zaporozhets TS, Andryukov BG, Kryzhanovsky SP, Ermakova SP, Kuznetsova TA, Voronova AN, Shchelkanov MY. Antiparasitic Effects of Sulfated Polysaccharides from Marine Hydrobionts. Mar Drugs 2021; 19:637. [PMID: 34822508 PMCID: PMC8624348 DOI: 10.3390/md19110637] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/22/2021] [Revised: 11/07/2021] [Accepted: 11/10/2021] [Indexed: 12/15/2022] Open
Abstract
This review presents materials characterizing sulfated polysaccharides (SPS) of marine hydrobionts (algae and invertebrates) as potential means for the prevention and treatment of protozoa and helminthiasis. The authors have summarized the literature on the pathogenetic targets of protozoa on the host cells and on the antiparasitic potential of polysaccharides from red, brown and green algae as well as certain marine invertebrates. Information about the mechanisms of action of these unique compounds in diseases caused by protozoa has also been summarized. SPS is distinguished by high antiparasitic activity, good solubility and an almost complete absence of toxicity. In the long term, this allows for the consideration of these compounds as effective and attractive candidates on which to base drugs, biologically active food additives and functional food products with antiparasitic activity.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Natalya N. Besednova
- G.P. Somov Research Institute of Epidemiology and Microbiology, Federal Service for Surveillance on Consumer Rights Protection and Human Wellbeing, 690087 Vladivostok, Russia; (T.S.Z.); (B.G.A.); (T.A.K.); (A.N.V.); (M.Y.S.)
| | - Tatyana S. Zaporozhets
- G.P. Somov Research Institute of Epidemiology and Microbiology, Federal Service for Surveillance on Consumer Rights Protection and Human Wellbeing, 690087 Vladivostok, Russia; (T.S.Z.); (B.G.A.); (T.A.K.); (A.N.V.); (M.Y.S.)
| | - Boris G. Andryukov
- G.P. Somov Research Institute of Epidemiology and Microbiology, Federal Service for Surveillance on Consumer Rights Protection and Human Wellbeing, 690087 Vladivostok, Russia; (T.S.Z.); (B.G.A.); (T.A.K.); (A.N.V.); (M.Y.S.)
- School of Biomedicine, Far Eastern Federal University (FEFU), 690091 Vladivostok, Russia
| | - Sergey P. Kryzhanovsky
- Medical Association of the Far Eastern Branch of the Russian Academy of Sciences, 690022 Vladivostok, Russia;
| | - Svetlana P. Ermakova
- G.B. Elyakov Pacific Institute of Bioorganic Chemistry, Far Eastern Branch of the Russian Academy of Sciences, 690022 Vladivostok, Russia;
| | - Tatyana A. Kuznetsova
- G.P. Somov Research Institute of Epidemiology and Microbiology, Federal Service for Surveillance on Consumer Rights Protection and Human Wellbeing, 690087 Vladivostok, Russia; (T.S.Z.); (B.G.A.); (T.A.K.); (A.N.V.); (M.Y.S.)
| | - Anastasia N. Voronova
- G.P. Somov Research Institute of Epidemiology and Microbiology, Federal Service for Surveillance on Consumer Rights Protection and Human Wellbeing, 690087 Vladivostok, Russia; (T.S.Z.); (B.G.A.); (T.A.K.); (A.N.V.); (M.Y.S.)
| | - Mikhail Y. Shchelkanov
- G.P. Somov Research Institute of Epidemiology and Microbiology, Federal Service for Surveillance on Consumer Rights Protection and Human Wellbeing, 690087 Vladivostok, Russia; (T.S.Z.); (B.G.A.); (T.A.K.); (A.N.V.); (M.Y.S.)
- School of Biomedicine, Far Eastern Federal University (FEFU), 690091 Vladivostok, Russia
- National Scientific Center of Marine Biology, Far Eastern Branch of the Russian Academy of Sciences, 690041 Vladivostok, Russia
- Federal Scientific Center of the East Asia Terrestrial Biodiversity, Far Eastern Branch of the Russian Academy of Sciences, 690022 Vladivostok, Russia
| |
Collapse
|
187
|
Costa B, Martínez-de-Tejada G, Gomes PAC, L. Martins MC, Costa F. Antimicrobial Peptides in the Battle against Orthopedic Implant-Related Infections: A Review. Pharmaceutics 2021; 13:1918. [PMID: 34834333 PMCID: PMC8625235 DOI: 10.3390/pharmaceutics13111918] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/29/2021] [Revised: 11/04/2021] [Accepted: 11/05/2021] [Indexed: 02/06/2023] Open
Abstract
Prevention of orthopedic implant-related infections is a major medical challenge, particularly due to the involvement of biofilm-encased and multidrug-resistant bacteria. Current therapies, based on antibiotic administration, have proven to be insufficient, and infection prevalence may rise due to the dissemination of antibiotic resistance. Antimicrobial peptides (AMPs) have attracted attention as promising substitutes of conventional antibiotics, owing to their broad-spectrum of activity, high efficacy at very low concentrations, and, importantly, low propensity for inducing resistance. The aim of this review is to offer an updated perspective of the development of AMPs-based preventive strategies for orthopedic and dental implant-related infections. In this regard, two major research strategies are herein addressed, namely (i) AMP-releasing systems from titanium-modified surfaces and from bone cements or beads; and (ii) AMP immobilization strategies used to graft AMPs onto titanium or other model surfaces with potential translation as coatings. In overview, releasing strategies have evolved to guarantee higher loadings, prolonged and targeted delivery periods upon infection. In addition, avant-garde self-assembling strategies or polymer brushes allowed higher immobilized peptide surface densities, overcoming bioavailability issues. Future research efforts should focus on the regulatory demands for pre-clinical and clinical validation towards clinical translation.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Bruna Costa
- i3S–Instituto de Investigação e Inovação em Saúde, Universidade do Porto, Rua Alfredo Allen, 208, 4200-135 Porto, Portugal; (B.C.); (F.C.)
- INEB–Instituto de Engenharia Biomédica, Universidade do Porto, Rua Alfredo Allen, 208, 4200-135 Porto, Portugal
- FEUP–Faculdade de Engenharia, Universidade do Porto, Rua Dr. Roberto Frias, 4200-465 Porto, Portugal
| | - Guillermo Martínez-de-Tejada
- Department of Microbiology and Parasitology, University of Navarra, Irunlarrea, 1, 31008 Pamplona, Spain;
- Navarra Institute for Health Research (IdiSNA), 31008 Pamplona, Spain
| | - Paula A. C. Gomes
- CIQ-UP e Centro de Investigação em Química da Universidade do Porto, Departamento de Química e Bioquímica, Faculdade de Ciências, Universidade do Porto, 4169-007 Porto, Portugal;
| | - M. Cristina L. Martins
- i3S–Instituto de Investigação e Inovação em Saúde, Universidade do Porto, Rua Alfredo Allen, 208, 4200-135 Porto, Portugal; (B.C.); (F.C.)
- INEB–Instituto de Engenharia Biomédica, Universidade do Porto, Rua Alfredo Allen, 208, 4200-135 Porto, Portugal
- ICBAS–Instituto de Ciências Biomédicas Abel Salazar, Universidade do Porto, Rua Jorge de Viterbo Ferreira 228, 4050-313 Porto, Portugal
| | - Fabíola Costa
- i3S–Instituto de Investigação e Inovação em Saúde, Universidade do Porto, Rua Alfredo Allen, 208, 4200-135 Porto, Portugal; (B.C.); (F.C.)
- INEB–Instituto de Engenharia Biomédica, Universidade do Porto, Rua Alfredo Allen, 208, 4200-135 Porto, Portugal
| |
Collapse
|
188
|
Reis CA, Júnior MG, Moreira FKV, Marconcini JM, Vaz LEVDSB. Synthesis and characterization of chitosan/montmorillonite nanocomposites for application as edible coating. FOOD SCI TECHNOL INT 2021; 29:25-39. [PMID: 34756149 DOI: 10.1177/10820132211057718] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/15/2022]
Abstract
Edible coating can improve fruits shelf life and, consequently, reduce their waste. Chitosan, which presents a potential for chemical modifications and capacity to form films, can be an alternative for coating due to its biocompatibility, biodegradability, and antimicrobial properties. Chitosan film can be obtained through casting method presenting suitable mechanical properties, such as resistance to traction and elongation, ability to adhere to surfaces and selective permeability to gases, such as O2 and CO2. However, it is highly permeable to water vapor, which can limit its potential coating use. The properties of chitosan films can be improved through the formation of composites by inserting nanoclays as montmorillonite in the polymeric matrix. The objective of this study was to develop and characterize chitosan/montmorillonite nanocomposites for fruit coating aiming for future applications in the field of smart packaging. Nanocomposites were characterized by its microstructure, thermal, mechanical, and physicochemical properties. X-ray diffraction analysis indicated changes in crystallinity with the insertion of montmorillonite. Nanocomposites became more transparent and significantly reduced its water permeability rate with 0.5% w/w montmorillonite addition. Elastic rigidity and tensile strength of the films were improved. Chitosan/montmorillonite nanocomposites demonstrated the potential to improve the storage time of Williams pears.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Camily Aparecida Reis
- Programa de Pós-Graduação em Engenharia de Biomateriais, 67739Universidade Federal de Lavras, Lavras, MG, Brazil
| | - Mário Guimarães Júnior
- Departamento de Eletromecânica, Centro Federal de Educação Tecnológica de Minas Gerais, Araxá, MG, Brazil
| | | | - José Manoel Marconcini
- Laboratório Nacional de Nanotecnologia (LNNA), 564899Embrapa Instrumentação, São Carlos, SP, Brazil
| | - Lívia Elisabeth Vasconcellos de Siqueira Brandão Vaz
- Programa de Pós-Graduação em Engenharia de Biomateriais, 67739Universidade Federal de Lavras, Lavras, MG, Brazil.,Departamento de Engenharia, Escola de Engenharia, 67739Universidade Federal de Lavras, Lavras, MG, Brazil
| |
Collapse
|
189
|
Kasinathan K, Marimuthu K, Murugesan B, Sathaiah M, Subramanian P, Sivakumar P, Swaminathan U, Subbiah R. Fabrication of eco-friendly chitosan functionalized few-layered WS 2 nanocomposite implanted with ruthenium nanoparticles for in vitro antibacterial and anticancer activity: Synthesis, characterization, and pharmaceutical applications. Int J Biol Macromol 2021; 190:520-532. [PMID: 34480908 DOI: 10.1016/j.ijbiomac.2021.08.153] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/23/2021] [Revised: 08/16/2021] [Accepted: 08/18/2021] [Indexed: 10/20/2022]
Abstract
The abundance of two-dimensional (2D) components has provided them with a broad material platform for building nano and atomic-level applications. So, 2D nanomaterials are unique because of their physicochemical properties. Over many years, graphene is a conventional 2D layered element that has significant attention in the scientific community. In recent years numerous new 2D nanomaterials other than graphene have been reported. The study of 2D nanomaterials is also in its infant stages, with the majority of research focusing on the explanation of special material properties, but very few articles are focusing on the biological applications of 2D nanomaterials. As a result, we focused on the transition metal dichalcogenides (TMDCs) such as MoS2 and WS2, which were emerging and exciting groups of elements with display great opportunities in several fields, such as cancer nanomedicine. Herein, we synthesized biologically active CS/WS2/Ru composite by liquid exfoliation approach. The CS/WS2/Ru composites exhibit significant antibacterial action towards (S. aureus, and E. coli) bacteria. Also, the composite suggests synergetic anticancer action against MCF-7 cancer cells. These reports are possible to explore the innovative aspects of biological outcomes in carcinological applications.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Kasirajan Kasinathan
- Thin Film and Nanoscience Research Lab, PG and Research Department of Physics, Alagappa Government Arts College, Karaikudi 630 003, India
| | - Karunakaran Marimuthu
- Thin Film and Nanoscience Research Lab, PG and Research Department of Physics, Alagappa Government Arts College, Karaikudi 630 003, India.
| | - Balaji Murugesan
- Advanced Green Chemistry Lab, Department of Industrial Chemistry, School of Chemical Sciences, Alagappa University, Karaikudi 630 003, Tamil Nadu, India
| | - Maheswari Sathaiah
- Thin Film and Nanoscience Research Lab, PG and Research Department of Physics, Alagappa Government Arts College, Karaikudi 630 003, India
| | - Palanisamy Subramanian
- East Coast Research Institute of Life Science, Gangneung-Wonju National University, 120, Gangneung, Gangwon 210-702, Republic of Korea
| | - Prabakaran Sivakumar
- Thin Film and Nanoscience Research Lab, PG and Research Department of Physics, Alagappa Government Arts College, Karaikudi 630 003, India
| | - Usha Swaminathan
- Thin Film and Nanoscience Research Lab, PG and Research Department of Physics, Alagappa Government Arts College, Karaikudi 630 003, India
| | - Rajalakshmi Subbiah
- Thin Film and Nanoscience Research Lab, PG and Research Department of Physics, Alagappa Government Arts College, Karaikudi 630 003, India
| |
Collapse
|
190
|
Yue L, Wang M, Khan IM, Xu J, Peng C, Wang Z. Preparation, characterization, and antibiofilm activity of cinnamic acid conjugated hydroxypropyl chitosan derivatives. Int J Biol Macromol 2021; 189:657-667. [PMID: 34455000 DOI: 10.1016/j.ijbiomac.2021.08.164] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/17/2021] [Revised: 08/09/2021] [Accepted: 08/20/2021] [Indexed: 12/18/2022]
Abstract
In this study, cinnamic acid (CA) conjugated hydroxypropyl chitosan (HPCS) derivatives (HPCS-CA) with different degrees of substitution (DS) were successfully synthesized. The reaction was divided into two steps: the first step was to modify chitosan (CS) to HPCS, and the second step was to graft CA onto HPCS. Structural characterization and properties were carried out employing elemental analysis, Fourier transform infrared (FT-IR) spectroscopy, ultraviolet-visible (UV-vis) spectroscopy, nuclear magnetic resonance (NMR) spectra, X-ray diffraction (XRD), and thermogravimetric analysis (TGA). The solubility test revealed the better water solubility of derivatives than CS. In addition, in vitro antibacterial and antibiofilm tests were performed. As expected, HPCS-CA derivatives exhibited good antibacterial activity against Staphylococcus aureus (S. aureus) and Escherichia coli (E. coli). The MIC and MBC of HPCS-CA derivatives could reach 256 μg/mL and 512 μg/mL, respectively. Confocal laser scanning microscopy (CLSM) analysis proved the inhibitory effect of HPCS-CA derivatives on S. aureus and E. coli biofilms by disrupting the formation of biofilms, reducing the thickness of biofilms, and the number of live bacteria. These results suggest the potential applicability of HPCS-CA derivatives in the treatment of biofilm-associated infections and provide a practical strategy for the design of novel CS-based antibacterial materials.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Lin Yue
- State Key Laboratory of Food Science and Technology, Jiangnan University, Lihu Road 1800, Wuxi 214122, PR China; School of Food Science and Technology, Jiangnan University, Lihu Road 1800, Wuxi 214122, PR China; International Joint Laboratory on Food Safety, Jiangnan University, Lihu Road 1800, Wuxi 214122, PR China; Collaborative Innovation Center of Food Safety and Quality Control, Jiangnan University, Lihu Road 1800, Wuxi 214122, PR China.
| | - Min Wang
- State Key Laboratory of Food Science and Technology, Jiangnan University, Lihu Road 1800, Wuxi 214122, PR China; School of Food Science and Technology, Jiangnan University, Lihu Road 1800, Wuxi 214122, PR China
| | - Imran Mahmood Khan
- State Key Laboratory of Food Science and Technology, Jiangnan University, Lihu Road 1800, Wuxi 214122, PR China; School of Food Science and Technology, Jiangnan University, Lihu Road 1800, Wuxi 214122, PR China
| | - Jianguo Xu
- State Key Laboratory of Food Science and Technology, Jiangnan University, Lihu Road 1800, Wuxi 214122, PR China; School of Food Science and Biological Engineering, Hefei University of Technology, Hefei 230009, PR China
| | - Chifang Peng
- State Key Laboratory of Food Science and Technology, Jiangnan University, Lihu Road 1800, Wuxi 214122, PR China; School of Food Science and Technology, Jiangnan University, Lihu Road 1800, Wuxi 214122, PR China; International Joint Laboratory on Food Safety, Jiangnan University, Lihu Road 1800, Wuxi 214122, PR China; Collaborative Innovation Center of Food Safety and Quality Control, Jiangnan University, Lihu Road 1800, Wuxi 214122, PR China
| | - Zhouping Wang
- State Key Laboratory of Food Science and Technology, Jiangnan University, Lihu Road 1800, Wuxi 214122, PR China; School of Food Science and Technology, Jiangnan University, Lihu Road 1800, Wuxi 214122, PR China; International Joint Laboratory on Food Safety, Jiangnan University, Lihu Road 1800, Wuxi 214122, PR China; Collaborative Innovation Center of Food Safety and Quality Control, Jiangnan University, Lihu Road 1800, Wuxi 214122, PR China.
| |
Collapse
|
191
|
Pal K, Bharti D, Sarkar P, Anis A, Kim D, Chałas R, Maksymiuk P, Stachurski P, Jarzębski M. Selected Applications of Chitosan Composites. Int J Mol Sci 2021; 22:ijms222010968. [PMID: 34681625 PMCID: PMC8535947 DOI: 10.3390/ijms222010968] [Citation(s) in RCA: 19] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/30/2021] [Revised: 10/05/2021] [Accepted: 10/06/2021] [Indexed: 02/06/2023] Open
Abstract
Chitosan is one of the emerging materials for various applications. The most intensive studies have focused on its use as a biomaterial and for biomedical, cosmetic, and packaging systems. The research on biodegradable food packaging systems over conventional non-biodegradable packaging systems has gained much importance in the last decade. The deacetylation of chitin, a polysaccharide mainly obtained from crustaceans and shrimp shells, yields chitosan. The deacetylation process of chitin leads to the generation of primary amino groups. The functional activity of chitosan is generally owed to this amino group, which imparts inherent antioxidant and antimicrobial activity to the chitosan. Further, since chitosan is a naturally derived polymer, it is biodegradable and safe for human consumption. Food-focused researchers are exploiting the properties of chitosan to develop biodegradable food packaging systems. However, the properties of packaging systems using chitosan can be improved by adding different additives or blending chitosan with other polymers. In this review, we report on the different properties of chitosan that make it suitable for food packaging applications, various methods to develop chitosan-based packaging films, and finally, the applications of chitosan in developing multifunctional food packaging materials. Here we present a short overview of the chitosan-based nanocomposites, beginning with principal properties, selected preparation techniques, and finally, selected current research.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Kunal Pal
- Department of Biotechnology and Medical Engineering, National Institute of Technology Rourkela, Rourkela 769008, India;
- Correspondence: (K.P.); (M.J.); Tel.: +91-824-924-7377 (K.P.); +48-535-255-775 (M.J.)
| | - Deepti Bharti
- Department of Biotechnology and Medical Engineering, National Institute of Technology Rourkela, Rourkela 769008, India;
| | - Preetam Sarkar
- Department of Food Process Engineering, National Institute of Technology, Rourkela 769008, India;
| | - Arfat Anis
- SABIC Polymer Research Center, Department of Chemical Engineering, King Saud University, Riyadh 11421, Saudi Arabia;
| | - Doman Kim
- Department of International Agricultural Technology & Institute of Green BioScience and Technology, Seoul National University, Pyeongchang 25354, Gangwon-do, Korea;
| | - Renata Chałas
- Department of Oral Medicine, Medical University of Lublin, 20-093 Lublin, Poland; (R.C.); (P.M.)
| | - Paweł Maksymiuk
- Department of Oral Medicine, Medical University of Lublin, 20-093 Lublin, Poland; (R.C.); (P.M.)
| | - Piotr Stachurski
- Chair and Department of Pediatric Dentistry, Medical University of Lublin, 20-093 Lublin, Poland;
| | - Maciej Jarzębski
- Department of Physics and Biophysics, Poznan University of Life Sciences, 60-637 Poznań, Poland
- Correspondence: (K.P.); (M.J.); Tel.: +91-824-924-7377 (K.P.); +48-535-255-775 (M.J.)
| |
Collapse
|
192
|
Polysaccharide-Based Micro- and Nanosized Drug Delivery Systems for Potential Application in the Pediatric Dentistry. Polymers (Basel) 2021; 13:polym13193342. [PMID: 34641160 PMCID: PMC8512615 DOI: 10.3390/polym13193342] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/31/2021] [Revised: 09/23/2021] [Accepted: 09/24/2021] [Indexed: 11/24/2022] Open
Abstract
The intensive development of micro- and nanotechnologies in recent years has offered a wide horizon of new possibilities for drug delivery in dentistry. The use of polymeric drug carriers turned out to be a very successful technique for formulating micro- and nanoparticles with controlled or targeted drug release in the oral cavity. Such innovative strategies have the potential to provide an improved therapeutic approach to prevention and treatment of various oral diseases not only for adults, but also in the pediatric dental practice. Due to their biocompatibility, biotolerance and biodegradability, naturally occurring polysaccharides like chitosan, alginate, pectin, dextran, starch, etc., are among the most preferred materials for preparation of micro- and nano-devices for drug delivery, offering simple particle-forming characteristics and easily tunable properties of the formulated structures. Their low immunogenicity and low toxicity provide an advantage over most synthetic polymers for the development of pediatric formulations. This review is focused on micro- and nanoscale polysaccharide biomaterials as dental drug carriers, with an emphasis on their potential application in pediatric dentistry.
Collapse
|
193
|
Pal K, Sarkar P, Anis A, Wiszumirska K, Jarzębski M. Polysaccharide-Based Nanocomposites for Food Packaging Applications. MATERIALS (BASEL, SWITZERLAND) 2021; 14:5549. [PMID: 34639945 PMCID: PMC8509663 DOI: 10.3390/ma14195549] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/12/2021] [Revised: 09/13/2021] [Accepted: 09/20/2021] [Indexed: 12/12/2022]
Abstract
The article presents a review of the literature on the use of polysaccharide bionanocomposites in the context of their potential use as food packaging materials. Composites of this type consist of at least two phases, of which the outer phase is a polysaccharide, and the inner phase (dispersed phase) is an enhancing agent with a particle size of 1-100 nm in at least one dimension. The literature review was carried out using data from the Web of Science database using VosViewer, free software for scientometric analysis. Source analysis concluded that polysaccharides such as chitosan, cellulose, and starch are widely used in food packaging applications, as are reinforcing agents such as silver nanoparticles and cellulose nanostructures (e.g., cellulose nanocrystals and nanocellulose). The addition of reinforcing agents improves the thermal and mechanical stability of the polysaccharide films and nanocomposites. Here we highlighted the nanocomposites containing silver nanoparticles, which exhibited antimicrobial properties. Finally, it can be concluded that polysaccharide-based nanocomposites have sufficient properties to be tested as food packaging materials in a wide spectrum of applications.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Kunal Pal
- Department of Biotechnology and Medical Engineering, National Institute of Technology Rourkela, Rourkela 769008, India
| | - Preetam Sarkar
- Department of Food Process Engineering, National Institute of Technology Rourkela, Rourkela 769008, India;
| | - Arfat Anis
- SABIC Polymer Research Center, Department of Chemical Engineering, King Saud University, Riyadh 11421, Saudi Arabia;
| | - Karolina Wiszumirska
- Department of Industrial Products and Packaging Quality, Institute of Quality Science, Poznań University of Economics and Business, Al. Niepodległości 10, 61-875 Poznań, Poland;
| | - Maciej Jarzębski
- Department of Physics and Biophysics, Faculty of Food Science and Nutrition, Poznań University of Life Sciences, Wojska Polskiego 38/42, 60-637 Poznań, Poland
| |
Collapse
|
194
|
Chitosan: An Overview of Its Properties and Applications. Polymers (Basel) 2021; 13:polym13193256. [PMID: 34641071 PMCID: PMC8512059 DOI: 10.3390/polym13193256] [Citation(s) in RCA: 293] [Impact Index Per Article: 97.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/30/2021] [Revised: 09/16/2021] [Accepted: 09/22/2021] [Indexed: 12/13/2022] Open
Abstract
Chitosan has garnered much interest due to its properties and possible applications. Every year the number of publications and patents based on this polymer increase. Chitosan exhibits poor solubility in neutral and basic media, limiting its use in such conditions. Another serious obstacle is directly related to its natural origin. Chitosan is not a single polymer with a defined structure but a family of molecules with differences in their composition, size, and monomer distribution. These properties have a fundamental effect on the biological and technological performance of the polymer. Moreover, some of the biological properties claimed are discrete. In this review, we discuss how chitosan chemistry can solve the problems related to its poor solubility and can boost the polymer properties. We focus on some of the main biological properties of chitosan and the relationship with the physicochemical properties of the polymer. Then, we review two polymer applications related to green processes: the use of chitosan in the green synthesis of metallic nanoparticles and its use as support for biocatalysts. Finally, we briefly describe how making use of the technological properties of chitosan makes it possible to develop a variety of systems for drug delivery.
Collapse
|
195
|
Kutawa AB, Ahmad K, Ali A, Hussein MZ, Abdul Wahab MA, Adamu A, Ismaila AA, Gunasena MT, Rahman MZ, Hossain MI. Trends in Nanotechnology and Its Potentialities to Control Plant Pathogenic Fungi: A Review. BIOLOGY 2021; 10:881. [PMID: 34571758 PMCID: PMC8465907 DOI: 10.3390/biology10090881] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/05/2021] [Revised: 07/26/2021] [Accepted: 07/28/2021] [Indexed: 12/16/2022]
Abstract
Approximately 15-18% of crops losses occur as a result of animal pests, while weeds and microbial diseases cause 34 and 16% losses, respectively. Fungal pathogens cause about 70-80% losses in yield. The present strategies for plant disease control depend transcendently on agrochemicals that cause negative effects on the environment and humans. Nanotechnology can help by reducing the negative impact of the fungicides, such as enhancing the solubility of low water-soluble fungicides, increasing the shelf-life, and reducing toxicity, in a sustainable and eco-friendly manner. Despite many advantages of the utilization of nanoparticles, very few nanoparticle-based products have so far been produced in commercial quantities for agricultural purposes. The shortage of commercial uses may be associated with many factors, for example, a lack of pest crop host systems usage and the insufficient number of field trials. In some areas, nanotechnology has been advanced, and the best way to be in touch with the advances in nanotechnology in agriculture is to understand the major aspect of the research and to address the scientific gaps in order to facilitate the development which can provide a rationale of different nanoproducts in commercial quantity. In this review, we, therefore, described the properties and synthesis of nanoparticles, their utilization for plant pathogenic fungal disease control (either in the form of (a) nanoparticles alone, that act as a protectant or (b) in the form of a nanocarrier for different fungicides), nano-formulations of agro-nanofungicides, Zataria multiflora, and ginger essential oils to control plant pathogenic fungi, as well as the biosafety and limitations of the nanoparticles applications.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Abdulaziz Bashir Kutawa
- Department of Plant Protection, Faculty of Agriculture, Universiti Putra Malaysia, Serdang 43400, Malaysia; (M.A.A.W.); (A.A.); (A.A.I.); (M.T.G.); (M.Z.R.); (M.I.H.)
- Department of Biological Sciences, Faculty of Life Science, Federal University Dutsin-Ma, Dutsin-ma P.M.B 5001, Nigeria
| | - Khairulmazmi Ahmad
- Department of Plant Protection, Faculty of Agriculture, Universiti Putra Malaysia, Serdang 43400, Malaysia; (M.A.A.W.); (A.A.); (A.A.I.); (M.T.G.); (M.Z.R.); (M.I.H.)
- Sustainable Agronomy and Crop Protection, Institute of Plantation Studies (IKP), Universiti Putra Malaysia, Serdang 43400, Malaysia
| | - Asgar Ali
- Centre of Excellence for Postharvest Biotechnology (CEPB), School of Biosciences, University of Nottingham Malaysia, Jalan Broga, Semenyih 43500, Malaysia
| | - Mohd Zobir Hussein
- Institute of Advanced Technology (ITMA), Universiti Putra Malaysia, Serdang 43400, Malaysia;
| | - Mohd Aswad Abdul Wahab
- Department of Plant Protection, Faculty of Agriculture, Universiti Putra Malaysia, Serdang 43400, Malaysia; (M.A.A.W.); (A.A.); (A.A.I.); (M.T.G.); (M.Z.R.); (M.I.H.)
| | - Abdullahi Adamu
- Department of Plant Protection, Faculty of Agriculture, Universiti Putra Malaysia, Serdang 43400, Malaysia; (M.A.A.W.); (A.A.); (A.A.I.); (M.T.G.); (M.Z.R.); (M.I.H.)
- Department of Biological Sciences, Faculty of Science, Sokoto State University, Birnin Kebbi Road, Sokoto P.M.B 2134, Nigeria
| | - Abubakar A. Ismaila
- Department of Plant Protection, Faculty of Agriculture, Universiti Putra Malaysia, Serdang 43400, Malaysia; (M.A.A.W.); (A.A.); (A.A.I.); (M.T.G.); (M.Z.R.); (M.I.H.)
- Department of Integrated Science, School of Secondary Education (Science), Federal College of Education (Technical), Bichi P.M.B 3473, Nigeria
| | - Mahesh Tiran Gunasena
- Department of Plant Protection, Faculty of Agriculture, Universiti Putra Malaysia, Serdang 43400, Malaysia; (M.A.A.W.); (A.A.); (A.A.I.); (M.T.G.); (M.Z.R.); (M.I.H.)
- Grain Legume and Oil Crop Research and Development Centre, Angunakolapelessa 82220, Sri Lanka
| | - Muhammad Ziaur Rahman
- Department of Plant Protection, Faculty of Agriculture, Universiti Putra Malaysia, Serdang 43400, Malaysia; (M.A.A.W.); (A.A.); (A.A.I.); (M.T.G.); (M.Z.R.); (M.I.H.)
- Plant Pathology Division, Regional Agricultural Research Station (RARS), Bangladesh Agricultural Research Institute (BARI), Barishal 8211, Bangladesh
| | - Md Imam Hossain
- Department of Plant Protection, Faculty of Agriculture, Universiti Putra Malaysia, Serdang 43400, Malaysia; (M.A.A.W.); (A.A.); (A.A.I.); (M.T.G.); (M.Z.R.); (M.I.H.)
| |
Collapse
|
196
|
Janik W, Wojtala A, Pietruszka A, Dudek G, Sabura E. Environmentally Friendly Melt-Processed Chitosan/Starch Composites Modified with PVA and Lignin. Polymers (Basel) 2021; 13:polym13162685. [PMID: 34451225 PMCID: PMC8399502 DOI: 10.3390/polym13162685] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/25/2021] [Revised: 07/31/2021] [Accepted: 08/04/2021] [Indexed: 11/16/2022] Open
Abstract
Chitosan/starch-based composites were prepared by thermomechanical processing as an alternative to the traditional solution method, with the aim of fabricating environmentally friendly materials on a larger scale. Different contents and types of lignin and poly(vinyl alcohol), PVA were incorporated into chitosan/starch compositions to improve their mechanical properties. It was demonstrated that the presence of both lignin and PVA increases the values of tensile strength and elongation at break of the composites. Moreover, it was observed that by the selection of a type of lignin and PVA, it was possible to tailor the internal microstructure of the samples. As observed in scanning electron microscope (SEM) micrographs, the introduction of lignin and PVA resulted in the formation of a smooth surface and homogeneous samples.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Weronika Janik
- Łukasiewicz Research Network-The Institute of Heavy Organic Synthesis “Blachownia”, Energetyków 9, 47-225 Kędzierzyn-Koźle, Poland; (A.W.); (A.P.); (E.S.)
- Department of Physical Chemistry and Technology of Polymers, PhD School, Silesian University of Technology, 2a Akademicka Str., 44-100 Gliwice, Poland
- Correspondence: ; Tel.: +48-77-487-31-87
| | - Anna Wojtala
- Łukasiewicz Research Network-The Institute of Heavy Organic Synthesis “Blachownia”, Energetyków 9, 47-225 Kędzierzyn-Koźle, Poland; (A.W.); (A.P.); (E.S.)
| | - Anna Pietruszka
- Łukasiewicz Research Network-The Institute of Heavy Organic Synthesis “Blachownia”, Energetyków 9, 47-225 Kędzierzyn-Koźle, Poland; (A.W.); (A.P.); (E.S.)
| | - Gabriela Dudek
- Department of Physical Chemistry and Technology of Polymers, Faculty of Chemistry, Silesian University of Technology, Strzody 9, 44-100 Gliwice, Poland;
| | - Ewa Sabura
- Łukasiewicz Research Network-The Institute of Heavy Organic Synthesis “Blachownia”, Energetyków 9, 47-225 Kędzierzyn-Koźle, Poland; (A.W.); (A.P.); (E.S.)
| |
Collapse
|
197
|
Jabłońska J, Onyszko M, Konopacki M, Augustyniak A, Rakoczy R, Mijowska E. Fabrication of Paper Sheets Coatings Based on Chitosan/Bacterial Nanocellulose/ZnO with Enhanced Antibacterial and Mechanical Properties. Int J Mol Sci 2021; 22:7383. [PMID: 34299003 PMCID: PMC8305840 DOI: 10.3390/ijms22147383] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/17/2021] [Revised: 07/05/2021] [Accepted: 07/06/2021] [Indexed: 12/14/2022] Open
Abstract
Here, we designed paper sheets coated with chitosan, bacterial cellulose (nanofibers), and ZnO with boosted antibacterial and mechanical activity. We investigated the compositions, with ZnO exhibiting two different sizes/shapes: (1) rods and (2) irregular sphere-like particles. The proposed processing of bacterial cellulose resulted in the formation of nanofibers. Antimicrobial behavior was tested using E. coli ATCC® 25922™ following the ASTM E2149-13a standard. The mechanical properties of the paper sheets were measured by comparing tearing resistance, tensile strength, and bursting strength according to the ISO 5270 standard. The results showed an increased antibacterial response (assigned to the combination of chitosan and ZnO, independent of its shape and size) and boosted mechanical properties. Therefore, the proposed composition is an interesting multifunctional mixture for coatings in food packaging applications.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Joanna Jabłońska
- Department of Chemical and Process Engineering, Faculty of Chemical Technology and Engineering, West Pomeranian University of Technology in Szczecin, Piastow Ave. 42, 71-065 Szczecin, Poland; (M.K.); (A.A.); (R.R.)
| | - Magdalena Onyszko
- Department of Nanomaterials Physicochemistry, Faculty of Chemical Technology and Engineering, West Pomeranian University of Technology in Szczecin, Piastow Ave. 49, 71-065 Szczecin, Poland; (M.O.); (E.M.)
| | - Maciej Konopacki
- Department of Chemical and Process Engineering, Faculty of Chemical Technology and Engineering, West Pomeranian University of Technology in Szczecin, Piastow Ave. 42, 71-065 Szczecin, Poland; (M.K.); (A.A.); (R.R.)
| | - Adrian Augustyniak
- Department of Chemical and Process Engineering, Faculty of Chemical Technology and Engineering, West Pomeranian University of Technology in Szczecin, Piastow Ave. 42, 71-065 Szczecin, Poland; (M.K.); (A.A.); (R.R.)
- Chair of Building Materials and Construction Chemistry, Technische Universität Berlin, Gustav-Meyer-Allee 25, 13355 Berlin, Germany
| | - Rafał Rakoczy
- Department of Chemical and Process Engineering, Faculty of Chemical Technology and Engineering, West Pomeranian University of Technology in Szczecin, Piastow Ave. 42, 71-065 Szczecin, Poland; (M.K.); (A.A.); (R.R.)
| | - Ewa Mijowska
- Department of Nanomaterials Physicochemistry, Faculty of Chemical Technology and Engineering, West Pomeranian University of Technology in Szczecin, Piastow Ave. 49, 71-065 Szczecin, Poland; (M.O.); (E.M.)
| |
Collapse
|
198
|
Rossi F, Magni G, Colasanti R, Banchelli M, Iacoangeli M, Carrassi E, Aiudi D, Di Rienzo A, Giannoni L, Pieri L, Dallari S, Pini R, Matteini P. Characterization and Ex Vivo Application of Indocyanine Green Chitosan Patches in Dura Mater Laser Bonding. Polymers (Basel) 2021; 13:polym13132130. [PMID: 34209537 PMCID: PMC8271756 DOI: 10.3390/polym13132130] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/30/2021] [Revised: 05/26/2021] [Accepted: 06/21/2021] [Indexed: 12/26/2022] Open
Abstract
Dura mater repair represents a final and crucial step in neurosurgery: an inadequate dural reconstruction determines dreadful consequences that significantly increase morbidity and mortality rates. Different dural substitutes have been used with suboptimal results. To overcome this issue, in previous studies, we proposed a laser-based approach to the bonding of porcine dura mater, evidencing the feasibility of the laser-assisted procedure. In this work, we present the optimization of this approach in ex vivo experiments performed on porcine dura mater. An 810-nm continuous-wave AlGaAs (Aluminium Gallium Arsenide) diode laser was used for welding Indocyanine Green-loaded patches (ICG patches) to the dura. The ICG-loaded patches were fabricated using chitosan, a resistant, pliable and stable in the physiological environment biopolymer; moreover, their absorption peak was very close to the laser emission wavelength. Histology, thermal imaging and leak pressure tests were used to evaluate the bonding effect. We demonstrated that the application of 3 watts (W), pulsed mode (Ton 30 ms, Toff 3.5 ms) laser light induces optimal welding of the ICG patch to the dura mater, ensuring an average fluid leakage pressure of 216 ± 105 mmHg, falling within the range of physiological parameters. This study demonstrated that the thermal effect is limited and spatially confined and that the laser bonding procedure can be used to close the dura mater. Our results showed the effectiveness of this approach and encourage further experiments in in vivo models.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Francesca Rossi
- Istituto di Fisica Applicata “Nello Carrara”, Consiglio Nazionale delle Ricerche, Sesto Fiorentino, 50019 Florence, Italy; (F.R.); (R.P.); (P.M.)
| | - Giada Magni
- Istituto di Fisica Applicata “Nello Carrara”, Consiglio Nazionale delle Ricerche, Sesto Fiorentino, 50019 Florence, Italy; (F.R.); (R.P.); (P.M.)
- Correspondence: (G.M.); (R.C.); (M.B.)
| | - Roberto Colasanti
- Department of Neurosurgery, Università Politecnica delle Marche, 60121 Ancona, Italy; (M.I.); (E.C.); (D.A.); (A.D.R.)
- Department of Neurosurgery, Padua University Hospital, 35128 Padua, Italy
- Correspondence: (G.M.); (R.C.); (M.B.)
| | - Martina Banchelli
- Istituto di Fisica Applicata “Nello Carrara”, Consiglio Nazionale delle Ricerche, Sesto Fiorentino, 50019 Florence, Italy; (F.R.); (R.P.); (P.M.)
- Correspondence: (G.M.); (R.C.); (M.B.)
| | - Maurizio Iacoangeli
- Department of Neurosurgery, Università Politecnica delle Marche, 60121 Ancona, Italy; (M.I.); (E.C.); (D.A.); (A.D.R.)
| | - Erika Carrassi
- Department of Neurosurgery, Università Politecnica delle Marche, 60121 Ancona, Italy; (M.I.); (E.C.); (D.A.); (A.D.R.)
| | - Denis Aiudi
- Department of Neurosurgery, Università Politecnica delle Marche, 60121 Ancona, Italy; (M.I.); (E.C.); (D.A.); (A.D.R.)
| | - Alessandro Di Rienzo
- Department of Neurosurgery, Università Politecnica delle Marche, 60121 Ancona, Italy; (M.I.); (E.C.); (D.A.); (A.D.R.)
| | - Luca Giannoni
- El.En. S.p.A., Calenzano, 50041 Florence, Italy; (L.G.); (L.P.)
| | - Laura Pieri
- El.En. S.p.A., Calenzano, 50041 Florence, Italy; (L.G.); (L.P.)
| | | | - Roberto Pini
- Istituto di Fisica Applicata “Nello Carrara”, Consiglio Nazionale delle Ricerche, Sesto Fiorentino, 50019 Florence, Italy; (F.R.); (R.P.); (P.M.)
| | - Paolo Matteini
- Istituto di Fisica Applicata “Nello Carrara”, Consiglio Nazionale delle Ricerche, Sesto Fiorentino, 50019 Florence, Italy; (F.R.); (R.P.); (P.M.)
| |
Collapse
|
199
|
Antunes JC, Domingues JM, Miranda CS, Silva AFG, Homem NC, Amorim MTP, Felgueiras HP. Bioactivity of Chitosan-Based Particles Loaded with Plant-Derived Extracts for Biomedical Applications: Emphasis on Antimicrobial Fiber-Based Systems. Mar Drugs 2021; 19:md19070359. [PMID: 34201803 PMCID: PMC8303307 DOI: 10.3390/md19070359] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/05/2021] [Revised: 06/14/2021] [Accepted: 06/21/2021] [Indexed: 01/16/2023] Open
Abstract
Marine-derived chitosan (CS) is a cationic polysaccharide widely studied for its bioactivity, which is mostly attached to its primary amine groups. CS is able to neutralize reactive oxygen species (ROS) from the microenvironments in which it is integrated, consequently reducing cell-induced oxidative stress. It also acts as a bacterial peripheral layer hindering nutrient intake and interacting with negatively charged outer cellular components, which lead to an increase in the cell permeability or to its lysis. Its biocompatibility, biodegradability, ease of processability (particularly in mild conditions), and chemical versatility has fueled CS study as a valuable matrix component of bioactive small-scaled organic drug-delivery systems, with current research also showcasing CS’s potential within tridimensional sponges, hydrogels and sutures, blended films, nanofiber sheets and fabric coatings. On the other hand, renewable plant-derived extracts are here emphasized, given their potential as eco-friendly radical scavengers, microbicidal agents, or alternatives to antibiotics, considering that most of the latter have induced bacterial resistance because of excessive and/or inappropriate use. Loading them into small-scaled particles potentiates a strong and sustained bioactivity, and a controlled release, using lower doses of bioactive compounds. A pH-triggered release, dependent on CS’s protonation/deprotonation of its amine groups, has been the most explored stimulus for that control. However, the use of CS derivatives, crosslinking agents, and/or additional stabilization processes is enabling slower release rates, following extract diffusion from the particle matrix, which can find major applicability in fiber-based systems within ROS-enriched microenvironments and/or spiked with microbes. Research on this is still in its infancy. Yet, the few published studies have already revealed that the composition, along with an adequate drug release rate, has an important role in controlling an existing infection, forming new tissue, and successfully closing a wound. A bioactive finishing of textiles has also been promoting high particle infiltration, superior washing durability, and biological response.
Collapse
|
200
|
The Rediscovery of Honey for Skin Repair: Recent Advances in Mechanisms for Honey-Mediated Wound Healing and Scaffolded Application Techniques. APPLIED SCIENCES-BASEL 2021. [DOI: 10.3390/app11115192] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/13/2022]
Abstract
Honey is a honey-bee product obtained mainly by the enzymatic processing of nectar from a variety of plants, which leads to the wide range of colours and flavours available on the market. These organoleptic and nutritional features are influenced by the chemical composition, which in turn depends on the botanical origin. Bioactive compounds account for honey beneficial activity in medical applications, which explains the extensive use of honey in ethno-pharmacology since antiquity, from cough remedies to dermatological treatments. Wound healing is one of the main therapeutic uses of honey, and various design options in pharmaceutical technology such as smart delivery systems and advanced dressings are currently being developed to potentiate honey’s valuable properties for better performance and improved final outcome. In this review, we will focus on the latest research that discloses crucial factors in determining what properties are most beneficial when considering honey as a medicinal product. We will present the most recent updates on the possible mechanisms responsible for the exceptional effects of this ageless therapeutical remedy on skin repair. Furthermore, the state-of-the-art in application techniques (incorporation into scaffolds as an alternative to direct administration) used to enhance honey-mediated wound-healing properties are explored.
Collapse
|