151
|
Caporale A, Martin AD, Capasso D, Focà G, Sandomenico A, D'Andrea LD, Grieco P, Ruvo M, Doti N. Short
PlGF
‐derived peptides bind
VEGFR
‐1 and
VEGFR
‐2 in vitro and on the surface of endothelial cells. J Pept Sci 2019; 25:e3146. [DOI: 10.1002/psc.3146] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/16/2018] [Revised: 12/14/2018] [Accepted: 12/17/2018] [Indexed: 12/31/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Andrea Caporale
- Istituto di Biostrutture e Bioimmagini—CNR and CIRPEB Naples Italy
| | - Aaron D. Martin
- SensiQ Technologies, Inc. 800 Research Pkwy Oklahoma City OK 73104 USA
| | - Dominga Capasso
- Dipartimento di FarmaciaUniversità degli Studi di Napoli “Federico II” Naples Italy
| | - Giuseppina Focà
- Istituto di Biostrutture e Bioimmagini—CNR and CIRPEB Naples Italy
| | | | | | - Paolo Grieco
- Dipartimento di FarmaciaUniversità degli Studi di Napoli “Federico II” Naples Italy
| | - Menotti Ruvo
- Istituto di Biostrutture e Bioimmagini—CNR and CIRPEB Naples Italy
| | - Nuzianna Doti
- Istituto di Biostrutture e Bioimmagini—CNR and CIRPEB Naples Italy
- Dipartimento di FarmaciaUniversità degli Studi di Napoli “Federico II” Naples Italy
| |
Collapse
|
152
|
Efficient Nonviral Transfection of Human Bone Marrow Mesenchymal Stromal Cells Shown Using Placental Growth Factor Overexpression. Stem Cells Int 2018; 2018:1310904. [PMID: 30675166 PMCID: PMC6323439 DOI: 10.1155/2018/1310904] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/04/2018] [Revised: 09/28/2018] [Accepted: 10/10/2018] [Indexed: 02/06/2023] Open
Abstract
Background Human mesenchymal stromal/stem cells (hMSCs) hold great therapeutic potential due to their immunomodulatory and tissue regenerative properties. Enhancement of biological features of hMSCs by transfection has become a focus of investigation for cell- and gene-based therapies. However, many of the current transient transfection methods result in either low transfection efficiency or high cytotoxicity. Methods In order to find a transfection method that would address the current issues of low transfection efficiency and high cytotoxicity, 6 commercially available cationic lipid and polymer reagents were tested on human bone marrow-derived MSCs (hBM-MSCs) using GFP as a reporter gene. One transfection method using TransIT-2020 was selected and tested with an emphasis on cell quality (viability, identity, and yield), as well as efficacy with a human placental growth factor (PlGF) plasmid. Results TransIT-2020 yielded the highest fluorescence signal per cell out of the methods that did not decrease cell recovery. Transfecting GFP to 5 hBM-MSC donors using TransIT-2020 yielded 24-36% GFP-expressing cells with a viability of 85-96%. hBM-MSC identity was unaffected as CD90, CD105, and CD73 markers were retained (>95%+) after transfection. When this method was applied to PlGF expression, there was up to a 220-fold increase in secretion. Both growth and secretion of PlGF in overexpressing hBM-MSC were sustained over 7 days, confirming the sustainability and applicability of the TransIT-2020 transfection system. Discussion We report a simple and efficient method for transient transfection that has not been reported for hBM-MSCs, encompassing high levels of plasmid expression without significant changes to fundamental hBM-MSC characteristics.
Collapse
|
153
|
Huppertz B. An updated view on the origin and use of angiogenic biomarkers for preeclampsia. Expert Rev Mol Diagn 2018; 18:1053-1061. [PMID: 30413130 DOI: 10.1080/14737159.2018.1546579] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/27/2022]
Abstract
Introduction: The last decade has seen massive efforts towards the identification and the potential use of predictive biomarkers for the pregnancy pathology preeclampsia. The angiogenic factors sFlt-1 and placental growth factor (PGF) have been in focus and have been massively supported. Areas covered: This review describes preeclampsia and intra-uterine growth restriction (IUGR), focusing on sFlt-1 and PGF, their sources during and outside pregnancy and the application of these markers in diseases outside pregnancy. Finally, the specificity of the angiogenic markers for preeclampsia is discussed. Expert commentary: The admixture of the two independent syndromes preeclampsia and IUGR has not helped in identifying the etiologies of either. Rather, it has made the search for new markers and pathways much more complicated as has the constriction on the angiogenic markers. The current markers sFlt-1 and PGF have a clear value once an adverse outcome is diagnosed but are not specific for preeclampsia. Also, they are mostly derived from the maternal vascular system rather than the placenta and are already in use as markers outside pregnancy. A new holistic approach using disease maps and interoperable workflows based on topic-related big data will help in broadening our understanding of the etiology of preeclampsia and hence, develop new markers and therapies.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Berthold Huppertz
- a Division of Cell Biology, Histology and Embryology , Gottfried Schatz Research Center, Medical University of Graz , Graz , Austria
| |
Collapse
|
154
|
Laakkonen JP, Lähteenvuo J, Jauhiainen S, Heikura T, Ylä-Herttuala S. Beyond endothelial cells: Vascular endothelial growth factors in heart, vascular anomalies and placenta. Vascul Pharmacol 2018; 112:91-101. [PMID: 30342234 DOI: 10.1016/j.vph.2018.10.005] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/11/2018] [Revised: 10/16/2018] [Accepted: 10/16/2018] [Indexed: 12/19/2022]
Abstract
Vascular endothelial growth factors regulate vascular and lymphatic growth. Dysregulation of VEGF signaling is connected to many pathological states, including hemangiomas, arteriovenous malformations and placental abnormalities. In heart, VEGF gene transfer induces myocardial angiogenesis. Besides vascular and lymphatic endothelial cells, VEGFs affect multiple other cell types. Understanding VEGF biology and its paracrine signaling properties will offer new targets for novel treatments of several diseases.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Johanna P Laakkonen
- A.I. Virtanen Institute for Molecular Sciences, University of Eastern Finland, Kuopio, Finland.
| | - Johanna Lähteenvuo
- A.I. Virtanen Institute for Molecular Sciences, University of Eastern Finland, Kuopio, Finland
| | - Suvi Jauhiainen
- A.I. Virtanen Institute for Molecular Sciences, University of Eastern Finland, Kuopio, Finland
| | - Tommi Heikura
- A.I. Virtanen Institute for Molecular Sciences, University of Eastern Finland, Kuopio, Finland
| | - Seppo Ylä-Herttuala
- A.I. Virtanen Institute for Molecular Sciences, University of Eastern Finland, Kuopio, Finland; Science Service Center, Kuopio University Hospital, Kuopio, Finland; Gene Therapy Unit, Kuopio University Hospital, Kuopio, Finland
| |
Collapse
|
155
|
Soeters PB, Wolfe RR, Shenkin A. Hypoalbuminemia: Pathogenesis and Clinical Significance. JPEN J Parenter Enteral Nutr 2018; 43:181-193. [PMID: 30288759 PMCID: PMC7379941 DOI: 10.1002/jpen.1451] [Citation(s) in RCA: 468] [Impact Index Per Article: 78.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/02/2018] [Revised: 08/30/2018] [Accepted: 09/06/2018] [Indexed: 12/16/2022]
Abstract
Hypoalbuminemia is associated with inflammation. Despite being addressed repeatedly in the literature, there is still confusion regarding its pathogenesis and clinical significance. Inflammation increases capillary permeability and escape of serum albumin, leading to expansion of interstitial space and increasing the distribution volume of albumin. The half‐life of albumin has been shown to shorten, decreasing total albumin mass. These 2 factors lead to hypoalbuminemia despite increased fractional synthesis rates in plasma. Hypoalbuminemia, therefore, results from and reflects the inflammatory state, which interferes with adequate responses to events like surgery or chemotherapy, and is associated with poor quality of life and reduced longevity. Increasing or decreasing serum albumin levels are adequate indicators, respectively, of improvement or deterioration of the clinical state. In the interstitium, albumin acts as the main extracellular scavenger, antioxidative agent, and as supplier of amino acids for cell and matrix synthesis. Albumin infusion has not been shown to diminish fluid requirements, infection rates, and mortality in the intensive care unit, which may imply that there is no body deficit or that the quality of albumin “from the shelf” is unsuitable to play scavenging and antioxidative roles. Management of hypoalbuminaemia should be based on correcting the causes of ongoing inflammation rather than infusion of albumin. After the age of 30 years, muscle mass and function slowly decrease, but this loss is accelerated by comorbidity and associated with decreasing serum albumin levels. Nutrition support cannot fully prevent, but slows down, this chain of events, especially when combined with physical exercise.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Peter B Soeters
- Department of Surgery, Maastricht University Medical Center, Maastricht, Netherlands
| | - Robert R Wolfe
- Department of Geriatrics, University of Arkansas for Medical Sciences, Little Rock, Arkansas, USA
| | - Alan Shenkin
- Department of Clinical Chemistry, University of Liverpool, Liverpool, UK
| |
Collapse
|
156
|
Garg P, Jaryal AK, Kachhawa G, Deepak KK, Kriplani A. Estimation of asymmetric dimethylarginine (ADMA), placental growth factor (PLGF) and pentraxin 3 (PTX 3) in women with preeclampsia. Pregnancy Hypertens 2018; 14:245-251. [DOI: 10.1016/j.preghy.2018.03.005] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/01/2017] [Revised: 03/06/2018] [Accepted: 03/09/2018] [Indexed: 11/15/2022]
|
157
|
Grynnerup AG, Toftager M, Zedeler A, Bogstad JW, Prætorius L, Grøndahl ML, Yding Andersen C, Sørensen S, Pinborg A, Løssl K. Concentration of soluble urokinase plasminogen activator receptor (suPAR) in the pre-ovulatory follicular fluid is associated with development of ovarian hyperstimulation syndrome during ovarian stimulation. J Assist Reprod Genet 2018; 35:2187-2193. [PMID: 30232642 DOI: 10.1007/s10815-018-1314-2] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/30/2018] [Accepted: 09/11/2018] [Indexed: 11/26/2022] Open
Abstract
PURPOSE Investigating whether pre-ovulatory follicular fluid (FF) levels of selected proteins differ between women who do or do not develop severe ovarian hyperstimulation syndrome (OHSS) and evaluate whether they potentially could guide a "freeze-all" strategy. METHODS FF was collected during a randomized controlled trial comparing OHSS in antagonist versus agonist protocol including 1050 women in their first assisted reproductive technology (ART) cycle during year 2009-2013. The present sub-study is a matched case-control study comparing FF levels of soluble urokinase plasminogen activator receptor (suPAR), C-reactive protein, placental growth factor, vascular endothelial growth factor, and angiopoietins 1 and 2 in OHSS cases (n = 25, severe OHSS, and ≥ 15 oocytes), high-risk controls (n = 25, no OHSS, and ≥ 15 oocytes), and low-risk controls (n = 25, no OHSS, and 5-8 oocytes). RESULTS FF level of suPAR differed significantly between the three groups (p = 0.018) with mean (SD) levels of 2.3 (0.4) μg/L, 2.6 (0.8) μg/L, and 2.8 (0.6) μg/L in OHSS cases, high-risk controls, and low-risk controls, respectively. Receiver operating characteristic curve analysis demonstrated that suPAR levels could predict severe OHSS (AUC 0.678; 95% CI 0.553-0.803) with a sensitivity of 64% and a specificity of 66%. None of the other investigated proteins differed between the three groups or between OHSS cases and combined controls. CONCLUSION The pre-ovulatory FF level of suPAR was significantly lower in women developing severe OHSS, indicating that the plasminogen activator system could be involved in the pathophysiology of OHSS. However, suPAR did not provide a satisfying predictive value for the prediction of OHSS.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- A G Grynnerup
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynaecology, The Fertility Clinic, Copenhagen University Hospital Hvidovre, Kettegård Alle 30, 2650, Hvidovre, Denmark.
| | - M Toftager
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynaecology, The Fertility Clinic, Copenhagen University Hospital Hvidovre, Kettegård Alle 30, 2650, Hvidovre, Denmark
| | - A Zedeler
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynaecology, The Fertility Clinic, Copenhagen University Hospital Hvidovre, Kettegård Alle 30, 2650, Hvidovre, Denmark
| | - J W Bogstad
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynaecology, The Fertility Clinic, Copenhagen University Hospital Hvidovre, Kettegård Alle 30, 2650, Hvidovre, Denmark
| | - L Prætorius
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynaecology, The Fertility Clinic, Copenhagen University Hospital Hvidovre, Kettegård Alle 30, 2650, Hvidovre, Denmark
| | - M L Grøndahl
- Laboratory of Reproductive Biology, Copenhagen University Hospital Rigshospitalet, Copenhagen, Denmark
- The Fertility Clinic, Copenhagen University Hospital Herlev, Herlev, Denmark
| | - C Yding Andersen
- Laboratory of Reproductive Biology, Copenhagen University Hospital Rigshospitalet, Copenhagen, Denmark
| | - S Sørensen
- Clinical Research Centre, Copenhagen University Hospital Hvidovre, Hvidovre, Denmark
| | - A Pinborg
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynaecology, The Fertility Clinic, Copenhagen University Hospital Hvidovre, Kettegård Alle 30, 2650, Hvidovre, Denmark
| | - K Løssl
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynaecology, The Fertility Clinic, Copenhagen University Hospital Hvidovre, Kettegård Alle 30, 2650, Hvidovre, Denmark
- The Fertility Clinic, Copenhagen University Hospital Rigshospitalet, Copenhagen, Denmark
| |
Collapse
|
158
|
Armaly Z, Jadaon JE, Jabbour A, Abassi ZA. Preeclampsia: Novel Mechanisms and Potential Therapeutic Approaches. Front Physiol 2018; 9:973. [PMID: 30090069 PMCID: PMC6068263 DOI: 10.3389/fphys.2018.00973] [Citation(s) in RCA: 107] [Impact Index Per Article: 17.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/05/2018] [Accepted: 07/02/2018] [Indexed: 01/04/2023] Open
Abstract
Preeclampsia is a serious complication of pregnancy where it affects 5–8% of all pregnancies. It increases the morbidity and mortality of both the fetus and pregnant woman, especially in developing countries. It deleteriously affects several vital organs, including the kidneys, liver, brain, and lung. Although, the pathogenesis of preeclampsia has not yet been fully understood, growing evidence suggests that aberrations in the angiogenic factors levels and coagulopathy are responsible for the clinical manifestations of the disease. The common nominator of tissue damage of all these target organs is endothelial injury, which impedes their normal function. At the renal level, glomerular endothelial injury leads to the development of maternal proteinuria. Actually, peripheral vasoconstriction secondary to maternal systemic inflammation and endothelial cell activation is sufficient for the development of preeclampsia-induced hypertension. Similarly, preeclampsia can cause hepatic and neurologic dysfunction due to vascular damage and/or hypertension. Obviously, preeclampsia adversely affects various organs, however it is not yet clear whether pre-eclampsia per se adversely affects various organs or whether it exposes underlying genetic predispositions to cardiovascular disease that manifest in later life. The current review summarizes recent development in the pathogenesis of preeclampsia with special focus on novel diagnostic biomarkers and their relevance to potential therapeutic options for this disease state. Specifically, the review highlights the renal manifestations of the disease with emphasis on the involvement of angiogenic factors in vascular injury and on how restoration of the angiogenic balance affects renal and cardiovascular outcome of Preeclamptic women.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Zaher Armaly
- Department of Nephrology, EMMS Nazareth Hospital, Galilee Faculty of Medicine, Bar-Ilan University, Ramat Gan, Israel
| | - Jimmy E Jadaon
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, EMMS Nazareth Hospital, Galilee Faculty of Medicine, Bar-Ilan University, Ramat Gan, Israel.,Laboratory Medicine, EMMS Nazareth Hospital, Galilee Faculty of Medicine, Bar-Ilan University, Ramat Gan, Israel
| | - Adel Jabbour
- Laboratory Medicine, EMMS Nazareth Hospital, Galilee Faculty of Medicine, Bar-Ilan University, Ramat Gan, Israel
| | - Zaid A Abassi
- Department of Physiology, The Ruth and Burce Rappaport Faculty of Medicine, Technion-IIT, Haifa, Israel.,Department of Laboratory Medicine, Rambam Health Campus, Haifa, Israel
| |
Collapse
|
159
|
Sequential concentrations of placental growth factor and haptoglobin, and their relation to oestrone sulphate and progesterone in pregnant Spanish Purebred mare. Theriogenology 2018; 115:77-83. [PMID: 29730538 DOI: 10.1016/j.theriogenology.2018.04.033] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/08/2018] [Revised: 04/26/2018] [Accepted: 04/26/2018] [Indexed: 11/22/2022]
Abstract
The objectives of this study were to establish reference values for serum concentrations of placental growth factor (PlGF) and haptoglobin (Hp), and to analyze whether the levels of oestrone sulphate (E1S) and progesterone (P4) are physiologically involved in the dynamic modifications of the above parameters in pregnant mares. A total of 30 healthy Spanish Purebred mares ranging in age 9.33 ± 3.31 years were studied during the 11 months of gestation. Serum concentrations of PlGF were detected by EIA, Hp using commercial Phase Haptoglobin assay and E1S and P4 levels through RIA. The serum concentrations of PlGF ranged between 31.70 and 223.60 ng/mL, with a mean value of 57.64 ± 18.05 ng/mL. Serum PlGF levels increased significantly during the 1st and 2nd months, reaching the maximum value in the 3rd month and the minimum value in the 10th month. Hp concentrations increased progressively and significantly from the 5th until the 10th month of gestation (P < 0.05), decreasing in the 11th month of pregnancy. E1S increased significantly from the 3rd until the 7th month, decreasing progressively towards the end of gestation. P4 increased significantly in the 3rd and 4th month and decreased significantly in the 6th and 7th (P < 0.05), with variable oscillations during last months of pregnancy. PlGF and Hp were significantly and negatively correlated (r = -0.27; P < 0.05). In the healthy mare, PlGF and Hp act asynchronously and independent of steroid E1S and P4.
Collapse
|
160
|
Chen Z, Fu S, Wu Z, Chen J, Huang Y, Wang Y, Fu M. Relationship between plasma angiogenic growth factors and diabetic foot ulcers. Clin Chim Acta 2018; 482:95-100. [DOI: 10.1016/j.cca.2018.03.035] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/31/2018] [Revised: 03/17/2018] [Accepted: 03/27/2018] [Indexed: 12/19/2022]
|
161
|
Portelli M, Baron B. Clinical Presentation of Preeclampsia and the Diagnostic Value of Proteins and Their Methylation Products as Biomarkers in Pregnant Women with Preeclampsia and Their Newborns. J Pregnancy 2018; 2018:2632637. [PMID: 30050697 PMCID: PMC6046127 DOI: 10.1155/2018/2632637] [Citation(s) in RCA: 27] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/04/2018] [Accepted: 05/15/2018] [Indexed: 12/11/2022] Open
Abstract
Preeclampsia (PE) is a disorder which affects 1-10% of pregnant women worldwide. It is characterised by hypertension and proteinuria in the later stages of gestation and can lead to maternal and perinatal morbidity and mortality. Other than the delivery of the foetus and the removal of the placenta, to date there are no therapeutic approaches to treat or prevent PE. It is thus only possible to reduce PE-related mortality through early detection, careful monitoring, and treatment of the symptoms. For these reasons the search for noninvasive, blood-borne, or urinary biochemical markers that could be used for the screening, presymptomatic diagnosis, and prediction of the development of PE is of great urgency. So far, a number of biomarkers have been proposed for predicting PE, based on pathophysiological observations, but these have mostly proven to be unreliable and inconsistent between different studies. The clinical presentation of PE and data gathered for the biochemical markers placental growth factor (PlGF), soluble Feline McDonough Sarcoma- (fms-) like tyrosine kinase-1 (sFlt-1), asymmetric dimethylarginine (ADMA), and methyl-lysine is being reviewed with the aim of providing both a clinical and biochemical understanding of how these biomarkers might assist in the diagnosis of PE or indicate its severity.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Maria Portelli
- Centre for Molecular Medicine and Biobanking, Faculty of Medicine and Surgery, University of Malta, Msida MSD2080, Malta
| | - Byron Baron
- Centre for Molecular Medicine and Biobanking, Faculty of Medicine and Surgery, University of Malta, Msida MSD2080, Malta
| |
Collapse
|
162
|
Al-Shuhaib MBS, Al-Kafajy FR, Badi MA, AbdulAzeez S, Marimuthu K, Al-Juhaishi HAI, Borgio JF. Highly deleterious variations in COX1, CYTB, SCG5, FK2, PRL and PGF genes are the potential adaptation of the immigrated African ostrich population. Comput Biol Med 2018; 100:17-26. [PMID: 29960146 DOI: 10.1016/j.compbiomed.2018.06.019] [Citation(s) in RCA: 18] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/12/2018] [Revised: 06/13/2018] [Accepted: 06/22/2018] [Indexed: 11/19/2022]
Abstract
Because of variable inconvenient living conditions in some places around the world, it is difficult to collect reliable physiological data for ostriches. Therefore, this study aims to provide a comprehensive in silico insight for the nature of polymorphism of important genetic loci that are related to physiological and reproductive traits. Sixty-nine mature ostriches ranging over half of Iraq were screened. Six exonic genetic loci, including cytochrome c oxidase I (COX1), cytochrome b (CYTB), secretogranin V (SCG5), feather keratin 2-like (FK2), prolactin (PRL) and placenta growth factor (PGF) were genotyped by PCR-single stranded conformation polymorphism (SSCP). Thirty-six novel SNPs, including seventeen nonsynonymous (ns) SNPs, were observed. Several computational software programs were utilized to assess the extent of the nsSNPs on their corresponding proteins structure, function and stability. The results showed several deleterious functional and stability changes in almost all the proteins studied. The total severity of each missense mutation was evaluated and compared with other nsSNPs accumulatively. It is evident from the extensive cumulative in silico computation that both p.E34D and p.E60K in PGF have the highest deleterious effect. The cumulative predictions from the present study are an impressive guide for the genotypes of African ostriches, which bypassed the expensive protocols for wet laboratory screening, to identify the effects of variants. To the best of our knowledge, this is the first investigation of its kind on the analyses and prediction outcome of missense mutations in African ostrich populations. The highly deleterious nsSNPs in the placenta growth factor are possible adaptive mutations which might be associated with adaptation in extreme and new environments. The flow and protocol of the computational predictions can be extended for various wild animals to identify the molecular nature of adaptations.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Mohammed Baqur S Al-Shuhaib
- Department of Animal Production, College of Agriculture, Al-Qasim Green University, Al-Qasim, 51013, Babil, Iraq.
| | - Fadhil R Al-Kafajy
- Department of Animal Production, College of Agriculture, Al-Qasim Green University, Al-Qasim, 51013, Babil, Iraq.
| | - Milad Ali Badi
- Department of Animal Production, College of Agriculture, Al-Qasim Green University, Al-Qasim, 51013, Babil, Iraq.
| | - Sayed AbdulAzeez
- Department of Genetic Research, Institute for Research and Medical Consultation (IRMC), Imam Abdulrahman Bin Faisal University, Dammam, Saudi Arabia.
| | - Kasi Marimuthu
- Department of Biotechnology, Faculty of Applied Sciences, AIMST University, Bedong, Kedah Darul Aman, Malaysia.
| | | | - J Francis Borgio
- Department of Genetic Research, Institute for Research and Medical Consultation (IRMC), Imam Abdulrahman Bin Faisal University, Dammam, Saudi Arabia.
| |
Collapse
|
163
|
Apicella I, Cicatiello V, Acampora D, Tarallo V, De Falco S. Full Functional Knockout of Placental Growth Factor by Knockin with an Inactive Variant Able to Heterodimerize with VEGF-A. Cell Rep 2018; 23:3635-3646. [DOI: 10.1016/j.celrep.2018.05.067] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/20/2017] [Revised: 04/17/2018] [Accepted: 05/18/2018] [Indexed: 12/18/2022] Open
|
164
|
Chiu YH, Yang MR, Wang LJ, Chen MH, Chang GD, Chen H. New insights into the regulation of placental growth factor gene expression by the transcription factors GCM1 and DLX3 in human placenta. J Biol Chem 2018; 293:9801-9811. [PMID: 29743241 DOI: 10.1074/jbc.ra117.001384] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/09/2017] [Revised: 05/01/2018] [Indexed: 12/14/2022] Open
Abstract
Expression of placental growth factor (PGF) is closely associated with placental perfusion in early pregnancy. PGF is primarily expressed in placental trophoblasts, and its expression decreases in preeclampsia, associated with placental hypoxia. The transcription factors glial cells missing 1 (GCM1) and metal-regulatory transcription factor 1 (MTF1) have been implicated in the regulation of PGF gene expression through regulatory elements upstream and downstream of the PGF transcription start site, respectively. Here, we clarified the mechanism underlying placenta-specific PGF expression. We demonstrate that GCM1 up-regulates PGF expression through three downstream GCM1-binding sites (GBSs) but not a previously reported upstream GBS. Interestingly, we also found that these downstream GBSs also harbor metal-response elements for MTF1. Surprisingly, however, we observed that MTF1 is unlikely to regulate PGF expression in the placenta because knockdown or overexpression of GCM1, but not MTF1, dramatically decreased PGF expression or reversed the suppression of PGF expression under hypoxia, respectively. We also demonstrate that another transcription factor, Distal-less homeobox 3 (DLX3), interacts with the DNA-binding domain and the first transactivation domain of GCM1 and that this interaction inhibits GCM1-mediated PGF expression. Moreover, the GCM1-DLX3 interaction interfered with CREB-binding protein-mediated GCM1 acetylation and activation. In summary, we have identified several GBSs in the PGF promoter that are highly responsive to GCM1, have demonstrated that MTF1 does not significantly regulate PGF expression in placental cells, and provide evidence that DLX3 inhibits GCM1-mediated PGF expression. Our findings revise the mechanism for GCM1- and DLX3-mediated regulation of PGF gene expression.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Yueh-Ho Chiu
- From the Institute of Biological Chemistry, Academia Sinica, Nankang, Taipei 115, Taiwan and
| | - Ming-Ren Yang
- Graduate Institute of Biochemical Sciences, National Taiwan University, Taipei 106, Taiwan
| | - Liang-Jie Wang
- From the Institute of Biological Chemistry, Academia Sinica, Nankang, Taipei 115, Taiwan and
| | - Ming-Hon Chen
- Graduate Institute of Biochemical Sciences, National Taiwan University, Taipei 106, Taiwan
| | - Geen-Dong Chang
- Graduate Institute of Biochemical Sciences, National Taiwan University, Taipei 106, Taiwan
| | - Hungwen Chen
- From the Institute of Biological Chemistry, Academia Sinica, Nankang, Taipei 115, Taiwan and .,Graduate Institute of Biochemical Sciences, National Taiwan University, Taipei 106, Taiwan
| |
Collapse
|
165
|
Hou HH, Wang HC, Cheng SL, Chen YF, Lu KZ, Yu CJ. MMP-12 activates protease-activated receptor-1, upregulates placenta growth factor, and leads to pulmonary emphysema. Am J Physiol Lung Cell Mol Physiol 2018; 315:L432-L442. [PMID: 29722565 DOI: 10.1152/ajplung.00216.2017] [Citation(s) in RCA: 21] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/27/2023] Open
Abstract
Because of the expansion of aging and smoking populations, chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD) is predicted to be the third leading cause of death worldwide in 2030. Therefore, it is pertinent to develop effective therapy to improve management for COPD. Cigarette smoke-mediated protease-antiprotease imbalance is a major pathogenic mechanism for COPD and results in massive pulmonary infiltration of neutrophils and macrophages, releasing excessive neutrophil elastase (NE) and matrix metalloproteinases (MMPs). Our previous studies indicated that placenta growth factor (PGF) and PGF-triggered downstream signaling molecules mediate NE-induced lung epithelial cell apoptosis, which is a major pathogenic mechanism for pulmonary emphysema. However, the relationship between MMP-directed COPD and PGF remains elusive. We hypothesize that MMPs may upregulate PGF expression and be involved in MMP-mediated pathogenesis of COPD. In this study, we demonstrate that only MMP-12 can increase the expression of PGF by increasing early-growth response protein 1 (Egr-1) level through the activation of protease-activated receptor 1 (PAR-1). The PGF-mediated downstream signaling molecules drive caspase-3 and caspase-9-dependent apoptosis in bronchial epithelial cells. Both the upregulation of PGF by MMP-12 and PGF downstream signaling molecules with pulmonary apoptosis and emphysema were also demonstrated in animals. Given these findings, we suggest that both human COPD-associated elastases, NE, and MMP-12, upregulate PGF expression and promote the progression of emphysema and COPD.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Hsin-Han Hou
- Department of Internal Medicine, National Taiwan University Hospital , Taiwan.,Department of Internal Medicine, National Taiwan University, College of Medicine , Taiwan
| | - Hao-Chien Wang
- Department of Internal Medicine, National Taiwan University Hospital , Taiwan.,Department of Internal Medicine, National Taiwan University, College of Medicine , Taiwan
| | - Shih-Lung Cheng
- Department of Internal Medicine, Far Eastern Memorial Hospital , Taiwan.,Department of Chemical Engineering and Materials Science, Yuan-Ze University , Taiwan
| | - Yen-Fu Chen
- Department of Internal Medicine, National Taiwan University Hospital, Yunlin Branch , Taiwan
| | - Kai-Zen Lu
- Department of Internal Medicine, National Taiwan University Hospital , Taiwan.,Department of Internal Medicine, National Taiwan University, College of Medicine , Taiwan
| | - Chong-Jen Yu
- Department of Internal Medicine, National Taiwan University Hospital , Taiwan.,Department of Internal Medicine, National Taiwan University, College of Medicine , Taiwan
| |
Collapse
|
166
|
Zhang Y, Zhao L, Wang L, Yang X, Zhou A, Wang J. Placental growth factor promotes epithelial-mesenchymal transition-like changes in ARPE-19 cells under hypoxia. Mol Vis 2018; 24:340-352. [PMID: 29769799 PMCID: PMC5937674] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/19/2017] [Accepted: 04/24/2018] [Indexed: 10/30/2022] Open
Abstract
Purpose To investigate the role of placental growth factor (PGF) in the epithelial-mesenchymal transition (EMT) of ARPE-19 cells under hypoxia, and whether the NF-κB signaling pathway is involved in this process. Methods ARPE-19 cells were treated in five groups: a control group, hypoxia group, PGF group, hypoxia+PGF group, and NF-κB-blocked group. A chemical hypoxia model was established in the ARPE-19 cells by adding CoCl2 to the culture medium. The morphological changes after treatment were observed. The proliferation rates were measured with 3-(4,5-dimethyl-2-thiazolyl)-2,5-diphenyl-2H-tetrazolium bromide (MTT) assay. The migration abilities were measured with scratch assay. The EMT biomarkers were measured with quantitative real-time PCR (qRT-PCR), western blotting, and immunofluorescence. The relative protein expression of components of the NF-κB signaling pathway was measured with western blotting and immunofluorescence. Results Cells treated with PGF under hypoxia exhibited morphological changes consistent with the transition from an epithelial to a mesenchymal phenotype. In the ARPE-19 cells, exogenous PGF under hypoxia increased the proliferation rate compared to the rate under hypoxia alone (p<0.05) and increased the migration rate (p<0.05). Treatment of hypoxia-exposed cells with PGF caused decreased expression of the epithelial biomarkers E-cadherin and ZO-1 (both p<0.05) and increased expression of the mesenchymal marker α-SMA (p<0.05) by enhancing the phosphorylation of NF-κB p65 of the total protein, promoting the translocation of p65 to the nucleus, and inducing the degradation of IκB-α (a negative regulator of the NF-κB pathway) in the ARPE-19 cells. Additionally, the effect of PGF-induced EMT in the ARPE-19 cells under hypoxia was counteracted with BAY 11-7082 (a selective NF-κB inhibitor). Conclusions Exogenous PGF promotes EMT-like changes in ARPE-19 cells under hypoxia by activating the NF-κB signaling pathway. The study results suggest that PGF may play a role in scar formation in neovascular age-related macular degeneration (AMD) and that the inhibition of PGF may be a promising target for the prevention and treatment of AMD.
Collapse
|
167
|
The Novel Pathogenesis of Retinopathy Mediated by Multiple RTK Signals is Uncovered in Newly Developed Mouse Model. EBioMedicine 2018; 31:190-201. [PMID: 29724654 PMCID: PMC6013936 DOI: 10.1016/j.ebiom.2018.04.021] [Citation(s) in RCA: 18] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/09/2018] [Revised: 04/16/2018] [Accepted: 04/23/2018] [Indexed: 12/21/2022] Open
Abstract
Pericyte desorption from retinal blood vessels and subsequent vascular abnormalities are the pathogenesis of diabetic retinopathy (DR). Although the involvement of abnormal signals including platelet-derived growth factor receptor-β (PDGFRβ) and vascular endothelial growth factor-A (VEGF-A) have been hypothesized in DR, the mechanisms that underlie this processes are largely unknown. Here, novel retinopathy mouse model (N-PRβ-KO) was developed with conditional Pdgfrb gene deletion by Nestin promoter-driven Cre recombinase (Nestin-Cre) that consistently reproduced through early non-proliferative to late proliferative DR pathologies. Depletion of Nestin-Cre-sensitive PDGFRβ+NG2+αSMA− pericytes suppressed pericyte-coverages and induced severe vascular lesion and hemorrhage. Nestin-Cre-insensitive PDGFRβ+NG2+αSMA+ pericytes detached from the vascular wall, and subsequently changed into myofibroblasts in proliferative membrane to cause retinal traction. PDGFRα+ astrogliosis was seen in degenerated retina. Expressions of placental growth factor (PlGF), VEGF-A and PDGF-BB were significantly increased in the retina of N-PRβ-KO. PDGF-BB may contribute to the pericyte-fibroblast transition and glial scar formation. Since VEGFR1 signal blockade significantly ameliorated the vascular phenotype in N-PRβ-KO mice, the augmented VEGFR1 signal by PlGF and VEGF-A was indicated to mediate vascular lesions. In addition to PDGF-BB, PlGF and VEGF-A with their intracellular signals may be the relevant therapeutic targets to protect eyes from DR. Novel retinopathy mouse model that exhibits proliferative membrane and pathological angiogenesis is successfully generated. Cell signalings mediated by PDGF-BB-PDGFRα/PDGFRβ axes are involved in retinal detachment. Cell signaling mediated by PlGF/VEGF-A-VEGFR1 axis is involved in pathological angiogenesis.
Diabetic retinopathy (DR) is a major cause of vision impairment worldwide. We newly developed retinopathy mouse model (N-PRβ-KO) with conditional Pdgfrb gene deletion by Nestin promoter-driven Cre recombinase consistently reproduced through early non-proliferative to late proliferative DR pathologies. Through the present study utilizing N-PRβ-KO mice, novel pathogenesis of retinopathy was uncovered, in which PDGFRα and PDGFRβ activated by increased PDGF-BB were indicated to be involved in astrogliosis and the formation of proliferative membrane, and VEGFR1 activated by increased PlGF and VEGF-A was indicated to be involved in pathological angiogenesis. These signals may be the relevant therapeutic targets for DR.
Collapse
|
168
|
Lal N, Puri K, Rodrigues B. Vascular Endothelial Growth Factor B and Its Signaling. Front Cardiovasc Med 2018; 5:39. [PMID: 29732375 PMCID: PMC5920039 DOI: 10.3389/fcvm.2018.00039] [Citation(s) in RCA: 46] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/29/2018] [Accepted: 04/10/2018] [Indexed: 12/12/2022] Open
Abstract
In diabetes, compromised glucose utilization leads the heart to use FA almost exclusively for ATP generation. Chronically, this adaptation unfortunately leads to the conversion of FA to potentially toxic FA metabolites. Paired with increased formation of reactive oxygen species related to excessive mitochondrial oxidation of FA, can provoke cardiac cell death. To protect against this cell demise, intrinsic mechanisms must be available to the heart. Vascular endothelial growth factor B (VEGFB) may be one growth factor that plays an important role in protecting against heart failure. As a member of the VEGF family, initial studies with VEGFB focused on its role in angiogenesis. Surprisingly, VEGFB does not appear to play a direct role in angiogenesis under normal conditions or even when overexpressed, but has been implicated in influencing vascular growth indirectly by affecting VEGFA action. Intriguingly, VEGFB has also been shown to alter gene expression of proteins involved in cardiac metabolism and promote cell survival. Conversely, multiple models of heart failure, including diabetic cardiomyopathy, have indicated a significant drop in VEGFB. In this review, we will discuss the biology of VEGFB, and its relationship to diabetic cardiomyopathy.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Nathaniel Lal
- Faculty of Pharmaceutical Sciences, The University of British Columbia, Vancouver, BC, Canada
| | - Karanjit Puri
- Faculty of Pharmaceutical Sciences, The University of British Columbia, Vancouver, BC, Canada
| | - Brian Rodrigues
- Faculty of Pharmaceutical Sciences, The University of British Columbia, Vancouver, BC, Canada
| |
Collapse
|
169
|
Tsai T, Kuehn S, Tsiampalis N, Vu MK, Kakkassery V, Stute G, Dick HB, Joachim SC. Anti-inflammatory cytokine and angiogenic factors levels in vitreous samples of diabetic retinopathy patients. PLoS One 2018; 13:e0194603. [PMID: 29584759 PMCID: PMC5870958 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0194603] [Citation(s) in RCA: 60] [Impact Index Per Article: 10.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/20/2017] [Accepted: 03/06/2018] [Indexed: 12/15/2022] Open
Abstract
Evaluation of cytokines in patients with diabetic retinopathy (DR) is important for the identification of future additive or alternative treatment options. Therefore, vitreous samples were obtained from patients with DR and patients with macular hole or macular pucker (control group) during 23-gauge-vitrectomy (n = 17/group). The levels of three pro-inflammatory (IL-1ß, IL-6, IFN-γ) and pleiotropic cytokines (IL-2, IL-4, IL-13) as well as VEGF, VEGF-A, and PGF were measured using an enzyme linked immunosorbent assay (ELISA). IL-1ß (p = 0.02) and IFN-γ (p = 0.04), two of the three tested pro-inflammatory cytokines, were elevated in the DR patients, while IL-6 (p = 0.51) level was comparable in both groups. Moreover, in DR samples, a trend towards an IL-13 down-regulation (p = 0.36) was observable. The IL-2 (p = 0.62) and IL-4 (p = 0.78) levels were comparable in both groups. All analyzed angiogenetic factors were up-regulated in DR patients (VEGF: p<0.001; VEGF-A: p = 0.002; PGF: p<0.001). The up-regulation of angiogenetic factors underline their importance in DR development. However, the interaction of the other cytokines showed an interesting pattern. Pro-inflammatory cytokines were also up-regulated, which could be evidence for inflammation processes in the diabetic retina. Furthermore, it seems that a counter response of immunomodulatory cytokines is in an initial process, but not strong enough to regulate the processes. Therefore, to support these anti-inflammatory mechanisms might be additive treatment option in the future.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Teresa Tsai
- Experimental Eye Research Institute, Eye Hospital, Ruhr-University Bochum, Bochum, Germany
| | - Sandra Kuehn
- Experimental Eye Research Institute, Eye Hospital, Ruhr-University Bochum, Bochum, Germany
| | - Nikolaos Tsiampalis
- Experimental Eye Research Institute, Eye Hospital, Ruhr-University Bochum, Bochum, Germany
| | - Minh-Khoa Vu
- Experimental Eye Research Institute, Eye Hospital, Ruhr-University Bochum, Bochum, Germany
| | - Vinodh Kakkassery
- Experimental Eye Research Institute, Eye Hospital, Ruhr-University Bochum, Bochum, Germany
| | - Gesa Stute
- Experimental Eye Research Institute, Eye Hospital, Ruhr-University Bochum, Bochum, Germany
| | - H. Burkhard Dick
- Experimental Eye Research Institute, Eye Hospital, Ruhr-University Bochum, Bochum, Germany
| | - Stephanie C. Joachim
- Experimental Eye Research Institute, Eye Hospital, Ruhr-University Bochum, Bochum, Germany
- * E-mail:
| |
Collapse
|
170
|
Kang JH, Lee EA, Hong KC, Kim JM. Regulatory gene network from a genome-wide association study for sow lifetime productivity traits. Anim Genet 2018; 49:254-258. [DOI: 10.1111/age.12640] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Accepted: 12/06/2017] [Indexed: 12/22/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- J.-H. Kang
- Division of Biotechnology; College of Life Sciences and Biotechnology; Korea University; Anamro 145 Seoul 02841 Korea
| | - E.-A. Lee
- Division of Biotechnology; College of Life Sciences and Biotechnology; Korea University; Anamro 145 Seoul 02841 Korea
| | - K.-C. Hong
- Division of Biotechnology; College of Life Sciences and Biotechnology; Korea University; Anamro 145 Seoul 02841 Korea
| | - J.-M. Kim
- Department of Animal Science and Technology; Chung-Ang University; Anseong; Gyeonggi-do 17546 Korea
| |
Collapse
|
171
|
Tudisco L, Orlandi A, Tarallo V, De Falco S. Hypoxia activates placental growth factor expression in lymphatic endothelial cells. Oncotarget 2018; 8:32873-32883. [PMID: 28427198 PMCID: PMC5464835 DOI: 10.18632/oncotarget.15861] [Citation(s) in RCA: 23] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/14/2016] [Accepted: 02/08/2017] [Indexed: 01/13/2023] Open
Abstract
Placental growth factor (PlGF), a proangiogenic member of vascular endothelial growth family, is active during pathological conditions like cancer, metastasis formation and hind limb ischemia and in wound healing. Endothelial cells express PlGF and hypoxia positively modulates in vitro its expression. To verify whether hypoxia modulates PlGF expression in different cellular contexts and in vivo, we first analyzed five human and five mouse cancer cell lines showing that in eight of them hypoxia positively modulates PlGF. Next, we analyzed xenograft colorectal cancer tumors showing that human cancer cells were able to express PlGF in hypoxic area of the tumor. Surprisingly, we did not visualize mouse PlGF in CD31 positive tumor vessels, but in low CD31 positive vessels, a characteristic of lymphatic vessels. We found that hypoxia effectively activates PlGF expression in lymphatic endothelial cells as well as in LYVE1 positive tumor vessels. We also investigated two additional mouse angiogenic models, hind limb ischemia and wound healing, and we confirmed that lymphatic vessels of both ischemic muscles and skin express PlGF. These results show for the first time that hypoxia activates PlGF expression in lymphatic endothelial cells, which have to be considered an additional source for PlGF production in pathological contexts.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Laura Tudisco
- Angiogenesis LAB, Institute of Genetics and Biophysics 'Adriano Buzzati-Traverso', CNR, Naples, Italy
| | - Augusto Orlandi
- Department of Biomedicine and Prevention, Anatomic Pathology, University of Tor Vergata, Rome, Italy
| | - Valeria Tarallo
- Angiogenesis LAB, Institute of Genetics and Biophysics 'Adriano Buzzati-Traverso', CNR, Naples, Italy
| | - Sandro De Falco
- Angiogenesis LAB, Institute of Genetics and Biophysics 'Adriano Buzzati-Traverso', CNR, Naples, Italy
| |
Collapse
|
172
|
Induction of hemangiosarcoma in mice after chronic treatment with S1P-modulator siponimod and its lack of relevance to rat and human. Arch Toxicol 2018; 92:1877-1891. [PMID: 29556671 PMCID: PMC5962627 DOI: 10.1007/s00204-018-2189-9] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/16/2017] [Accepted: 03/13/2018] [Indexed: 11/30/2022]
Abstract
A high incidence of hemangiosarcoma (HSA) was observed in mice treated for 2 years with siponimod, a sphingosine-1-phosphate receptor 1 (S1P1) functional antagonist, while no such tumors were observed in rats under the same treatment conditions. In 3-month rat (90 mg/kg/day) and 9-month mouse (25 and 75 mg/kg/day) in vivo mechanistic studies, vascular endothelial cell (VEC) activation was observed in both species, but VEC proliferation and persistent increases in circulating placental growth factor 2 (PLGF2) were only seen in the mouse. In mice, these effects were sustained over the 9-month study duration, while in rats increased mitotic gene expression was present at day 3 only and PLGF2 was induced only during the first week of treatment. In the mouse, the persistent VEC activation, mitosis induction, and PLGF2 stimulation likely led to sustained neo-angiogenesis which over life-long treatment may result in HSA formation. In rats, despite sustained VEC activation, the transient mitotic and PLGF2 stimuli did not result in the formation of HSA. In vitro, the mouse and rat primary endothelial cell cultures mirrored their respective in vivo findings for cell proliferation and PLGF2 release. Human VECs, like rat cells, were unresponsive to siponimod treatment with no proliferative response and no release of PLGF2 at all tested concentrations. Hence, it is suggested that the human cells also reproduce a lack of in vivo response to siponimod. In conclusion, the molecular mechanisms leading to siponimod-induced HSA in mice are considered species specific and likely irrelevant to humans.
Collapse
|
173
|
Placental growth factor: A review of literature and future applications. Pregnancy Hypertens 2018; 14:260-264. [PMID: 29555222 DOI: 10.1016/j.preghy.2018.03.003] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/03/2017] [Revised: 03/08/2018] [Accepted: 03/09/2018] [Indexed: 12/11/2022]
|
174
|
Vanasundari K, Balachandran V, Kavimani M, Narayana B. Molecular docking, vibrational, structural, electronic and optical studies of {4 – (2, 6) dichlorophenyl amino 2 – methylidene 4 – oxobutanoic acid and 4- (2, 5)} dichlorophenyl amino 2 – methylidene 4 – oxobutanoic acid – A comparative study. J Mol Struct 2018. [DOI: 10.1016/j.molstruc.2017.11.002] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/15/2022]
|
175
|
Jin YP, Hu YP, Wu XS, Wu YS, Ye YY, Li HF, Liu YC, Jiang L, Liu FT, Zhang YJ, Hao YJ, Liu XY, Liu YB. miR-143-3p targeting of ITGA6 suppresses tumour growth and angiogenesis by downregulating PLGF expression via the PI3K/AKT pathway in gallbladder carcinoma. Cell Death Dis 2018; 9:182. [PMID: 29416013 PMCID: PMC5833358 DOI: 10.1038/s41419-017-0258-2] [Citation(s) in RCA: 61] [Impact Index Per Article: 10.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/21/2017] [Revised: 12/01/2017] [Accepted: 12/12/2017] [Indexed: 12/20/2022]
Abstract
Gallbladder cancer (GBC) is the most common malignant tumour of the biliary track system. Angiogenesis plays a pivotal role in the development and progression of malignant tumours. miR-143-3p acts as a tumour suppressor in various cancers. Their role in GBC is however less well defined. Here we show that the expression levels of miR-143-3p were decreased in human GBC tissues compared with the non-tumour adjacent tissue (NAT) counterparts and were closely associated with overall survival. We discovered that miR-143-3p was a novel inhibitor of tumour growth and angiogenesis in vivo and in vitro. Our antibody array, ELISA and PLGF rescue analyses indicated that PLGF played an essential role in the antiangiogenic effect of miR-143-3p. Furthermore, we used miRNA target-prediction software and dual-luciferase assays to confirm that integrin α6 (ITGA6) acted as a direct target of miR-143-3p. Our ELISA and western blot analyses confirmed that the expression of PLGF was decreased via the ITGA6/PI3K/AKT pathway. In conclusion, miR-143-3p suppresses tumour angiogenesis and growth of GBC through the ITGA6/PI3K/AKT/PLGF pathways and may be a novel molecular therapeutic target for GBC.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Yun-Peng Jin
- Department of General Surgery and Laboratory of General Surgery, Xinhua Hospital, Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, No. 1665 Kongjiang Road, 200092, Shanghai, China.,Institute of Biliary Tract Disease, Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, No. 1665 Kongjiang Road, 200092, Shanghai, China
| | - Yun-Ping Hu
- Department of General Surgery and Laboratory of General Surgery, Xinhua Hospital, Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, No. 1665 Kongjiang Road, 200092, Shanghai, China.,Institute of Biliary Tract Disease, Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, No. 1665 Kongjiang Road, 200092, Shanghai, China
| | - Xiang-Song Wu
- Department of General Surgery and Laboratory of General Surgery, Xinhua Hospital, Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, No. 1665 Kongjiang Road, 200092, Shanghai, China.,Institute of Biliary Tract Disease, Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, No. 1665 Kongjiang Road, 200092, Shanghai, China
| | - Yao-Shi Wu
- Department of Gastroenterology, Second Affiliated Hospital of Nanchang University, Nanchang, China
| | - Yuan-Yuan Ye
- Department of General Surgery and Laboratory of General Surgery, Xinhua Hospital, Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, No. 1665 Kongjiang Road, 200092, Shanghai, China.,Institute of Biliary Tract Disease, Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, No. 1665 Kongjiang Road, 200092, Shanghai, China
| | - Huai-Feng Li
- Department of General Surgery and Laboratory of General Surgery, Xinhua Hospital, Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, No. 1665 Kongjiang Road, 200092, Shanghai, China.,Institute of Biliary Tract Disease, Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, No. 1665 Kongjiang Road, 200092, Shanghai, China
| | - Yong-Chen Liu
- Department of General Surgery and Laboratory of General Surgery, Xinhua Hospital, Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, No. 1665 Kongjiang Road, 200092, Shanghai, China.,Institute of Biliary Tract Disease, Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, No. 1665 Kongjiang Road, 200092, Shanghai, China
| | - Lin Jiang
- Department of General Surgery and Laboratory of General Surgery, Xinhua Hospital, Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, No. 1665 Kongjiang Road, 200092, Shanghai, China.,Institute of Biliary Tract Disease, Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, No. 1665 Kongjiang Road, 200092, Shanghai, China
| | - Fa-Tao Liu
- Department of General Surgery and Laboratory of General Surgery, Xinhua Hospital, Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, No. 1665 Kongjiang Road, 200092, Shanghai, China.,Institute of Biliary Tract Disease, Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, No. 1665 Kongjiang Road, 200092, Shanghai, China
| | - Yi-Jian Zhang
- Department of General Surgery and Laboratory of General Surgery, Xinhua Hospital, Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, No. 1665 Kongjiang Road, 200092, Shanghai, China.,Institute of Biliary Tract Disease, Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, No. 1665 Kongjiang Road, 200092, Shanghai, China
| | - Ya-Juan Hao
- Department of General Surgery and Laboratory of General Surgery, Xinhua Hospital, Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, No. 1665 Kongjiang Road, 200092, Shanghai, China.,Institute of Biliary Tract Disease, Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, No. 1665 Kongjiang Road, 200092, Shanghai, China
| | - Xi-Yong Liu
- Department of Molecular Pharmacology, City of Hope Comprehensive Cancer Center and Beckman Research Institute, Duarte, CA, USA.
| | - Ying-Bin Liu
- Department of General Surgery and Laboratory of General Surgery, Xinhua Hospital, Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, No. 1665 Kongjiang Road, 200092, Shanghai, China. .,Institute of Biliary Tract Disease, Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, No. 1665 Kongjiang Road, 200092, Shanghai, China.
| |
Collapse
|
176
|
Bender, HR, Trau, HA, Duffy DM. Placental Growth Factor Is Required for Ovulation, Luteinization, and Angiogenesis in Primate Ovulatory Follicles. Endocrinology 2018; 159:710-722. [PMID: 29095972 PMCID: PMC5774250 DOI: 10.1210/en.2017-00739] [Citation(s) in RCA: 18] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/10/2017] [Accepted: 10/25/2017] [Indexed: 12/13/2022]
Abstract
Placental growth factor (PGF) is member of the vascular endothelial growth factor (VEGF) family of angiogenesis regulators. VEGFA is an established regulator of ovulation and formation of the corpus luteum. To determine whether PGF also mediates aspects of ovulation and luteinization, macaques received gonadotropins to stimulate multiple follicular development. Ovarian biopsies and whole ovaries were collected before (0 hours) and up to 36 hours after human chorionic gonadotropin (hCG) administration to span the ovulatory interval. PGF and VEGFA were expressed by both granulosa cells and theca cells. In follicular fluid, PGF and VEGFA levels were lowest before hCG. PGF levels remained low until 36 hours after hCG administration, when PGF increased sevenfold to reach peak levels. Follicular fluid VEGFA increased threefold to reach peak levels at 12 hours after hCG, then dropped to intermediate levels. To explore the roles of PGF and VEGFA in ovulation, luteinization, and follicular angiogenesis in vivo, antibodies were injected into the follicular fluid of naturally developed monkey follicles; ovariectomy was performed 48 hours after hCG, with ovulation expected about 40 hours after hCG. Intrafollicular injection of control immunoglobulin G resulted in no retained oocytes, follicle rupture, and structural luteinization, including granulosa cell hypertrophy and capillary formation in the granulosa cell layer. PGF antibody injection resulted in oocyte retention, abnormal rupture, and incomplete luteinization, with limited and disorganized angiogenesis. Injection of a VEGFA antibody resulted in oocyte retention and very limited follicle rupture or structural luteinization. These studies demonstrate that PGF, in addition to VEGFA, is required for ovulation, luteinization, and follicular angiogenesis in primates.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Hannah R. Bender,
- Department of Physiological Sciences, Eastern Virginia Medical School, Norfolk, Virginia 23501
| | - Heidi A. Trau,
- Department of Physiological Sciences, Eastern Virginia Medical School, Norfolk, Virginia 23501
| | - Diane M. Duffy
- Department of Physiological Sciences, Eastern Virginia Medical School, Norfolk, Virginia 23501
| |
Collapse
|
177
|
Nguyen QD, De Falco S, Behar-Cohen F, Lam WC, Li X, Reichhart N, Ricci F, Pluim J, Li WW. Placental growth factor and its potential role in diabetic retinopathy and other ocular neovascular diseases. Acta Ophthalmol 2018; 96:e1-e9. [PMID: 27874278 PMCID: PMC5811779 DOI: 10.1111/aos.13325] [Citation(s) in RCA: 56] [Impact Index Per Article: 9.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/14/2016] [Accepted: 10/02/2016] [Indexed: 12/13/2022]
Abstract
The role of vascular endothelial growth factor (VEGF), including in retinal vascular diseases, has been well studied, and pharmacological blockade of VEGF is the gold standard of treatment for neovascular age‐related macular degeneration, retinal vein occlusion and diabetic macular oedema. Placental growth factor (PGF, previously known as PlGF), a homologue of VEGF, is a multifunctional peptide associated with angiogenesis‐dependent pathologies in the eye and non‐ocular conditions. Animal studies using genetic modification and pharmacological treatment have demonstrated a mechanistic role for PGF in pathological angiogenesis. Inhibition decreases neovascularization and microvascular abnormalities across different models, including oxygen‐induced retinopathy, laser‐induced choroidal neovascularization and in diabetic mice exhibiting retinopathies. High levels of PGF have been found in the vitreous of patients with diabetic retinopathy. Despite these strong animal data, the exact role of PGF in pathological angiogenesis in retinal vascular diseases remains to be defined, and the benefits of PGF‐specific inhibition in humans with retinal neovascular diseases and macular oedema remain controversial. Comparative effectiveness research studies in patients with diabetic retinal disease have shown that treatment that inhibits both VEGF and PGF may provide superior outcomes in certain patients compared with treatment that inhibits only VEGF. This review summarizes current knowledge of PGF, including its relationship to VEGF and its role in pathological angiogenesis in retinal diseases, and identifies some key unanswered questions about PGF that can serve as a pathway for future basic, translational and clinical research.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
| | - Sandro De Falco
- Angiogenesis Laboratory; Institute of Genetics and Biophysics-CNR; Naples Italy
| | - Francine Behar-Cohen
- INSERM U1138; UMR_S 1138; Research Center of Cordeliers; Paris Descartes University; UPMC University; Sorbonne Paris Cité; Paris France
- Department of Ophthalmology of University of Lausanne; Jules Gonin Hospital; Asylum Foundation for the Blind; Lausanne Switzerland
| | - Wai-Ching Lam
- Department of Ophthalmology; University of Toronto; Toronto Ontario Canada
| | - Xuri Li
- State Key Laboratory of Ophthalmology; Sun-Yat Sen University; Guangzhou China
| | - Nadine Reichhart
- Experimental Ophthalmology; Eye Clinic; Charité Medical University; Berlin Germany
| | - Federico Ricci
- UOSD Retinal Diseases Foundation PTV ‘Polyclinic Tor Vergata’; Rome Italy
| | | | - William W. Li
- The Angiogenesis Foundation; Cambridge Massachusetts USA
| |
Collapse
|
178
|
Nixon DR, Flinn NA. Evaluation of contrast sensitivity and other visual function outcomes in diabetic macular edema patients following treatment switch to aflibercept from ranibizumab. Clin Ophthalmol 2018; 12:191-197. [PMID: 29403260 PMCID: PMC5784749 DOI: 10.2147/opth.s158268] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/15/2023] Open
Abstract
Purpose This study aims to investigate changes in contrast sensitivity (CS), visual acuity (VA), central retinal thickness (CRT), and vision-related quality of life in subjects with recalcitrant diabetic macular edema switched from long-term ranibizumab treatment to aflibercept. Patients and methods In this prospective, investigator-masked, single-center study, 40 patients with persistent fluid, despite previous ranibizumab treatment, were switched to aflibercept with 5 consecutive monthly doses. The primary outcome was mean change from baseline to week 20 in Pelli–Robson CS. Secondary outcomes were mean change from baseline in best-corrected VA (BCVA), CRT, and National Eye Institute 25-Item Visual Function Questionnaire score. Results Fifty eyes (baseline VA >6/30) were evaluated. A median of 21.1±11.9 (range 5–55) ranibizumab injections were administered prior to initiation of aflibercept. Mean CS improved from 1.40±0.14 log units at baseline to 1.46±0.15 log units at week 20 (P<0.001). VA improved with mean logarithm of the minimum angle of resolution BCVA of 0.33±0.19 at baseline compared with logarithm of the minimum angle of resolution BCVA of 0.28±0.16 at week 20 (P=0.0016). Mean CRT decreased from 324±85 to 289±61 µm (P<0.001). Twenty-two (55%) patients experienced an overall improvement in National Eye Institute 25-Item Visual Function Questionnaire score. Interestingly, an association was found between changes in CS and change in CRT (r2=0.385, P<0.001) and between changes in BCVA and change in CRT (r2=0.092, P=0.032). Conclusion Switching from ranibizumab to aflibercept in patients with recalcitrant diabetic macular edema resulted in an improvement in all measured metrics, including CS, VA, and CRT. A majority of patients also indicated an improvement in vision-related quality of life. The finding of a stronger relationship between changes in CRT and CS compared with changes in CRT and BCVA suggests that the inclusion of CS as an endpoint may yield a more complete understanding of visual outcomes than that obtained by using VA alone.
Collapse
|
179
|
He H, Nuyt AM, Luo ZC, Audibert F, Dubois L, Wei SQ, Abenhaim HA, Bujold E, Marc I, Julien P, Fraser WD. Maternal Circulating Placental Growth Factor and Neonatal Metabolic Health Biomarkers in Small for Gestational Age Infants. Front Endocrinol (Lausanne) 2018; 9:198. [PMID: 29922227 PMCID: PMC5996905 DOI: 10.3389/fendo.2018.00198] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/21/2018] [Accepted: 04/10/2018] [Indexed: 01/14/2023] Open
Abstract
Small for gestational age (SGA) infants are at increased risk of type 2 diabetes in adulthood. It is unknown whether any prenatal biomarkers are helpful for identifying SGA infants with altered metabolic health profile at birth or later life. In a nested study of 162 SGA (birth weight < 10th percentile) and 161 optimal birth weight (25th-75th percentiles) control infants in the 3D (design, develop and discover) birth cohort in Canada, we assessed whether maternal circulating placental growth factor (PlGF), a biomarker of placental function, is associated with metabolic health biomarkers in SGA infants. Main outcomes were cord plasma insulin, proinsulin, insulin-like growth factor-I (IGF-I), leptin, and high-molecular weight (HMW) adiponectin concentrations. Maternal PlGF concentrations at 32-35 weeks of gestation were substantially lower in SGA versus control infants (P < 0.001), so as were cord plasma proinsulin (P = 0.005), IGF-I (P < 0.001), leptin (P < 0.001), and HMW adiponectin (P = 0.002) concentrations. In SGA infants with both low (<25th percentile) and normal maternal PlGF concentrations, cord plasma IGF-I and leptin concentrations were lower than control infants, but the decreases were to a greater extent in SGA infants with low maternal PlGF. Cord blood leptin levels were lower comparing SGA infants with low vs. normal maternal PlGF levels (P = 0.01). SGA infants with low maternal circulating PlGF levels at late gestation were characterized by greater decreases in cord blood IGF-I and leptin concentrations. Maternal circulating PlGF appears to be associated with neonatal metabolic health profile in SGA infants.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Hua He
- Ministry of Education-Shanghai Key Laboratory of Children’s Environmental Health, Neonatology, Xinhua Hospital, Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, Shanghai, China
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, University of Sherbrooke, Sherbrooke, QC, Canada
- Lunenfeld-Tanenbaum Research Institute, Obstetrics and Gynecology, Mount Sinai Hospital, University of Toronto, Toronto, ON, Canada
| | - Anne Monique Nuyt
- Sainte-Justine Hospital Research Center, University of Montreal, Montreal, QC, Canada
| | - Zhong-Cheng Luo
- Ministry of Education-Shanghai Key Laboratory of Children’s Environmental Health, Neonatology, Xinhua Hospital, Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, Shanghai, China
- Lunenfeld-Tanenbaum Research Institute, Obstetrics and Gynecology, Mount Sinai Hospital, University of Toronto, Toronto, ON, Canada
- Sainte-Justine Hospital Research Center, University of Montreal, Montreal, QC, Canada
- *Correspondence: Zhong-Cheng Luo, , ; William D. Fraser,
| | - Francois Audibert
- Sainte-Justine Hospital Research Center, University of Montreal, Montreal, QC, Canada
| | - Lise Dubois
- School of Epidemiology, Public Health and Preventive Medicine, University of Ottawa, Ottawa, ON, Canada
| | - Shu-Qin Wei
- Sainte-Justine Hospital Research Center, University of Montreal, Montreal, QC, Canada
| | - Haim A. Abenhaim
- Jewish General Hospital, McGill University Health Centre, Montreal, QC, Canada
| | | | - Isabelle Marc
- Laval University Research Center, Quebec City, QC, Canada
| | - Pierre Julien
- Laval University Research Center, Quebec City, QC, Canada
| | - William D. Fraser
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, University of Sherbrooke, Sherbrooke, QC, Canada
- Sainte-Justine Hospital Research Center, University of Montreal, Montreal, QC, Canada
- *Correspondence: Zhong-Cheng Luo, , ; William D. Fraser,
| | | |
Collapse
|
180
|
Caponegro MD, Miyauchi JT, Tsirka SE. Contributions of immune cell populations in the maintenance, progression, and therapeutic modalities of glioma. AIMS ALLERGY AND IMMUNOLOGY 2018; 2:24-44. [PMID: 32914058 PMCID: PMC7480949 DOI: 10.3934/allergy.2018.1.24] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/11/2023] Open
Abstract
Immunotherapies are becoming a promising strategy for malignant disease. Selectively directing host immune responses to target cancerous tissue is a milestone of human health care. The roles of the innate and adaptive immune systems in both cancer progression and elimination are now being realized. Defining the immune cell environment and identifying the contributions of each sub-population of these cells has lead to an understanding of the immunotherapeutic processes, and demonstrated the potential of the immune system to drive cancer shrinkage and sustained immunity against disease. Poorly treated diseases, such as high-grade glioma, suffer from lack of therapeutic efficacy and rapid progression. Immunotherapeutic success in other solid malignancies, such as melanoma, now provides the principals for which this treatment paradigm can be adapted for primary brain cancers. The central nervous system is complex, and relative contributions of immune sub-populations to high grade glioma progression are not fully characterized. Here, we summarize recent research in both animal and humans which add to the knowledge base of how innate and adaptive immune cells contribute to glioma progression, and outline work which has demonstrated their potential to elicit anti-tumorigenic responses. Additionally, we highlight Neuropilin 1, a cell surface receptor protein, describe its signaling functions in the context of immunity, and point to its potential to slow glioma progression.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Michael D Caponegro
- Department of Pharmacological Sciences, BioMedical Sciences, Stony Brook University, Stony Brook, NY, USA
| | - Jeremy Tetsuo Miyauchi
- Department of Pharmacological Sciences, BioMedical Sciences, Stony Brook University, Stony Brook, NY, USA
| | - Stella E Tsirka
- Department of Pharmacological Sciences, BioMedical Sciences, Stony Brook University, Stony Brook, NY, USA
| |
Collapse
|
181
|
Fuentes-Calvo I, Usategui-Martín R, Calero-Paniagua I, Moledo-Pouso C, García-Ortiz L, Pino-Montes JD, González-Sarmiento R, Martínez-Salgado C. Influence Of Angiogenic Mediators And Bone Remodelling In Paget´s Disease Of Bone. Int J Med Sci 2018; 15:1210-1216. [PMID: 30123059 PMCID: PMC6097267 DOI: 10.7150/ijms.26580] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/09/2018] [Accepted: 07/02/2018] [Indexed: 01/06/2023] Open
Abstract
Paget´s disease of bone (PDB) is characterized by increased bone resorption followed by an excessive compensatory bone formation, with an abnormal bone structure with altered mechanical properties. Pagetic bone also has a higher vascularization and marrow fibrosis. Despite of pagetic bone being a highly vascularized tissue, there are no studies on the plasma levels of angiogenic mediators in the different states of the disease; moreover, the effect of PDB treatment on plasma levels of these angiogenic mediators is not very well known. The aim of this study was to analyse plasma levels of cytokines implicated in the increased bone turnover (OPG, RANKL, sclerostin) and hypervascularization (VEGF, PGF, ENG) observed in PDB and their evolution and response to zoledronic acid treatment in 70 PDB patients, 29 with an active disease measured by plasma alkaline phosphatase (ALP). Plasma ALP concentration was higher in active PDB than in inactive PDB patients, whereas there were no differences in OPG, RANKL, sclerostin, VEGF, PGF and ENG plasma levels between active and inactive PDB patients. ALP decreased at 3 and 12 months after zoledronic acid treatment. RANKL levels were reduced and sclerostin levels were increased after 12 months of treatment. PGF levels were lower 12 months after zoledronic acid treatment, whereas there were no differences in plasma VEGF and ENG after zoledronic acid treatment. Summarizing, zoledronic acid treatment is associated to decreases in plasma levels of ALP, RANKL, sclerostin and P1GF in active PDB patients. This treatment may reduce bone turnover and might reduce the pathological vascularisation typical of pagetic bone.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Isabel Fuentes-Calvo
- Translational Research on Renal and Cardiovascular Diseases (TRECARD), Department of Physiology and Pharmacology, University of Salamanca, Salamanca, Spain.,Institute of Biomedical Research of Salamanca (IBSAL), Salamanca, Spain
| | - Ricardo Usategui-Martín
- Institute of Biomedical Research of Salamanca (IBSAL), Salamanca, Spain.,Molecular Medicine Unit, Department of Medicine, University of Salamanca and Institute of Molecular and Cellular Biology of Cancer (IBMCC), University of Salamanca-CSIC, Salamanca, Spain
| | | | - Cristina Moledo-Pouso
- Translational Research on Renal and Cardiovascular Diseases (TRECARD), Department of Physiology and Pharmacology, University of Salamanca, Salamanca, Spain
| | - Luis García-Ortiz
- Institute of Biomedical Research of Salamanca (IBSAL), Salamanca, Spain.,Research Unit, Primary Care Centre of La Alamedilla, Salamanca, Spain
| | - Javier Del Pino-Montes
- Institute of Biomedical Research of Salamanca (IBSAL), Salamanca, Spain.,Metabolic Bone Unit, University Hospital of Salamanca, Spain
| | - Rogelio González-Sarmiento
- Institute of Biomedical Research of Salamanca (IBSAL), Salamanca, Spain.,Molecular Medicine Unit, Department of Medicine, University of Salamanca and Institute of Molecular and Cellular Biology of Cancer (IBMCC), University of Salamanca-CSIC, Salamanca, Spain
| | - Carlos Martínez-Salgado
- Translational Research on Renal and Cardiovascular Diseases (TRECARD), Department of Physiology and Pharmacology, University of Salamanca, Salamanca, Spain.,Institute of Biomedical Research of Salamanca (IBSAL), Salamanca, Spain.,Institute of Health Sciences Studies of Castilla y Leon (IECSCYL), Research Unit, University Hospital of Salamanca, Salamanca, Spain
| |
Collapse
|
182
|
Mesquita J, Castro-de-Sousa JP, Vaz-Pereira S, Neves A, Passarinha LA, Tomaz CT. Vascular endothelial growth factors and placenta growth factor in retinal vasculopathies: Current research and future perspectives. Cytokine Growth Factor Rev 2017; 39:102-115. [PMID: 29248329 DOI: 10.1016/j.cytogfr.2017.11.005] [Citation(s) in RCA: 36] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/29/2017] [Revised: 11/27/2017] [Accepted: 11/30/2017] [Indexed: 12/23/2022]
Abstract
Vision loss due to disease or degeneration of the eye (retina, choroid, retinal veins, or macula) is a leading cause of blindness worldwide. In most cases, vision-threatening ocular diseases are accompanied by abnormal changes in the vasculature of the eye, especially the retina, and these conditions are collectively referred to as retinal vasculopathies. Impaired blood supply or hypoxia stimulates angiogenesis in the vascular and non-vascular sections of the eye, which results in neovascularization, leading to conditions such as diabetic retinopathy or age-related macular degeneration. Studies show that vascular endothelial growth factors: VEGF-A, VEGF-B, and placental growth factor (PlGF) are elevated in these diseases, and hence, these factors could be used as markers for disease prognosis and therapy. In this review, we discuss the function of these growth factors in normal development and disease, with focus on ocular disorders and emphasize the importance of accurately determining their levels in the vitreous and serum of patients for correct diagnosis and therapy.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Joana Mesquita
- CICS-UBI-Centro de Investigação em Ciências da Saúde, Universidade da Beira Interior, Av. Infante D. Henrique, 6201-506 Covilhã, Portugal.
| | - João Paulo Castro-de-Sousa
- Faculty of Medical Sciences, Universidade da Beira Interior, Covilhã, Portugal; Department of Ophthalmology, Centro Hospitalar de Leiria, R. das Olhalvas, 2410-197 Leiria, Portugal.
| | - Sara Vaz-Pereira
- Department of Ophthalmology, Hospital de Santa Maria, Av. Professor Egas Moniz, 1649-035 Lisbon, Portugal; Department of Ophthalmology, Faculty of Medicine, Universidade de Lisboa, Av. Professor Egas Moniz, 1649-035 Lisbon, Portugal.
| | - Arminda Neves
- Department of Ophthalmology, Centro Hospitalar de Leiria, R. das Olhalvas, 2410-197 Leiria, Portugal.
| | - Luís A Passarinha
- CICS-UBI-Centro de Investigação em Ciências da Saúde, Universidade da Beira Interior, Av. Infante D. Henrique, 6201-506 Covilhã, Portugal; Faculty of Medical Sciences, Universidade da Beira Interior, Covilhã, Portugal.
| | - Cândida T Tomaz
- CICS-UBI-Centro de Investigação em Ciências da Saúde, Universidade da Beira Interior, Av. Infante D. Henrique, 6201-506 Covilhã, Portugal.
| |
Collapse
|
183
|
Dutta A, Brito K, Khramstova G, Mueller A, Chinthala S, Alexander D, Adu D, Ibigbami T, Olamijulo J, Odetunde A, Adigun K, Pruitt L, Olopade O, Ojengbede O, Rana S, Olopade CO. Household air pollution and angiogenic factors in pregnant Nigerian women: A randomized controlled ethanol cookstove intervention. THE SCIENCE OF THE TOTAL ENVIRONMENT 2017; 599-600:2175-2181. [PMID: 28575932 DOI: 10.1016/j.scitotenv.2017.05.130] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/23/2017] [Revised: 05/09/2017] [Accepted: 05/15/2017] [Indexed: 05/21/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Maternal exposure to ambient air pollution affects placental growth markers. OBJECTIVES Investigate impact of household air pollution (HAP) on placental growth markers. METHODS Two groups of pregnant women were identified: firewood/kerosene stove-users (A, n=33) and bioethanol stove-users (B, n=44) that participated in a randomized control trial in Ibadan, Nigeria. A third group of non-smoking and presumed liquefied petroleum gas-using Chicago women (C, n=19) were included in this exploratory pilot to assess for possible differences between similar racial groups. Levels of placental growth factor (PlGF) and soluble fms-like tyrosine kinase 1 (sFlt-1) were measured in maternal and cord plasma using ELISA. RESULTS Maternal and cord blood sFlt-1 and PlGF did not differ significantly between women of groups A and B. Nevertheless, both groups differed significantly from the Chicago group in that group A women had lower maternal sFlt-1 (1372.50 vs. 3194.19) but higher PlGF (1607.87 vs. 442.80), and higher cord blood sFlt-1 (2925.02 vs. 107.53) and PlGF (223.68 vs. 6.92), all p≤0.001. Group B showed similar trends (all p≤0.002). Maternal PlGF levels were positively correlated to minutes of HAP exposure when PM2.5 concentration was above 100μg/m3 in Nigerian women. CONCLUSIONS Maternal levels of PlGF and cord blood levels of sFlt-1 and PlGF in Nigerian women with varying HAP exposures were significantly higher than Chicago-based women who had no presumed HAP exposure. It suggests that in-utero exposure to HAP influenced levels of angiogenic factors involved in normal placentation and growth and could represent compensation for pollutants exposure to preserve fetal viability.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Anindita Dutta
- Center for Global Health, University of Chicago, 5841 S. Maryland Avenue, Chicago, IL 60637, USA; Center for Clinical Cancer Genetics and Department of Medicine, University of Chicago, IL 60637, USA
| | - Katherine Brito
- Center for Global Health, University of Chicago, 5841 S. Maryland Avenue, Chicago, IL 60637, USA; Center for Clinical Cancer Genetics and Department of Medicine, University of Chicago, IL 60637, USA
| | - Galina Khramstova
- Center for Clinical Cancer Genetics and Department of Medicine, University of Chicago, IL 60637, USA
| | - Ariel Mueller
- Department of Anesthesia, Critical Care and Pain Medicine, Beth Israel Deaconess Medical Center, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA, USA
| | - Sireesha Chinthala
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, University of Chicago, Chicago, IL 60637, USA
| | - Donee Alexander
- Center for Global Health, University of Chicago, 5841 S. Maryland Avenue, Chicago, IL 60637, USA
| | - Damilola Adu
- Healthy Life for All Foundation, Ibadan, Nigeria
| | | | | | - Abayomi Odetunde
- Institute for Medical Research and Training, University of Ibadan, Ibadan, Nigeria
| | - Kehinde Adigun
- Department of Family Medicine, University College Hospital, Ibadan, Nigeria
| | - Liese Pruitt
- Department of Surgery, University of Utah, Salt Lake City, UT, USA
| | - Olufunmilayo Olopade
- Center for Global Health, University of Chicago, 5841 S. Maryland Avenue, Chicago, IL 60637, USA; Center for Clinical Cancer Genetics and Department of Medicine, University of Chicago, IL 60637, USA
| | - Oladosu Ojengbede
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, University of Ibadan, Ibadan, Nigeria; Centre for Population and Reproductive Health, College of Medicine/University College Hospital, University of Ibadan, Nigeria
| | - Sarosh Rana
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, University of Chicago, Chicago, IL 60637, USA
| | - Christopher O Olopade
- Center for Global Health, University of Chicago, 5841 S. Maryland Avenue, Chicago, IL 60637, USA; Center for Clinical Cancer Genetics and Department of Medicine, University of Chicago, IL 60637, USA.
| |
Collapse
|
184
|
Ward J, Strawbridge RJ, Bailey MES, Graham N, Ferguson A, Lyall DM, Cullen B, Pidgeon LM, Cavanagh J, Mackay DF, Pell JP, O'Donovan M, Escott-Price V, Smith DJ. Genome-wide analysis in UK Biobank identifies four loci associated with mood instability and genetic correlation with major depressive disorder, anxiety disorder and schizophrenia. Transl Psychiatry 2017; 7:1264. [PMID: 29187730 PMCID: PMC5802589 DOI: 10.1038/s41398-017-0012-7] [Citation(s) in RCA: 53] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/07/2017] [Revised: 06/09/2017] [Accepted: 08/09/2017] [Indexed: 11/08/2022] Open
Abstract
Mood instability is a core clinical feature of affective and psychotic disorders. In keeping with the Research Domain Criteria approach, it may be a useful construct for identifying biology that cuts across psychiatric categories. We aimed to investigate the biological validity of a simple measure of mood instability and evaluate its genetic relationship with several psychiatric disorders, including major depressive disorder (MDD), bipolar disorder (BD), schizophrenia, attention deficit hyperactivity disorder (ADHD), anxiety disorder and post-traumatic stress disorder (PTSD). We conducted a genome-wide association study (GWAS) of mood instability in 53,525 cases and 60,443 controls from UK Biobank, identifying four independently associated loci (on chromosomes 8, 9, 14 and 18), and a common single-nucleotide polymorphism (SNP)-based heritability estimate of ~8%. We found a strong genetic correlation between mood instability and MDD (r g = 0.60, SE = 0.07, p = 8.95 × 10-17) and a small but significant genetic correlation with both schizophrenia (r g = 0.11, SE = 0.04, p = 0.01) and anxiety disorders (r g = 0.28, SE = 0.14, p = 0.04), although no genetic correlation with BD, ADHD or PTSD was observed. Several genes at the associated loci may have a role in mood instability, including the DCC netrin 1 receptor (DCC) gene, eukaryotic translation initiation factor 2B subunit beta (eIF2B2), placental growth factor (PGF) and protein tyrosine phosphatase, receptor type D (PTPRD). Strengths of this study include the very large sample size, but our measure of mood instability may be limited by the use of a single question. Overall, this work suggests a polygenic basis for mood instability. This simple measure can be obtained in very large samples; our findings suggest that doing so may offer the opportunity to illuminate the fundamental biology of mood regulation.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Joey Ward
- Institute of Health and Wellbeing, University of Glasgow, Glasgow, UK
| | - Rona J Strawbridge
- Institute of Health and Wellbeing, University of Glasgow, Glasgow, UK
- Department of Medicine Solna, Karolinska Institute, Stockholm, Sweden
| | - Mark E S Bailey
- School of Life Sciences, College of Medical, Veterinary and Life Sciences, University of Glasgow, Glasgow, UK
| | - Nicholas Graham
- Institute of Health and Wellbeing, University of Glasgow, Glasgow, UK
| | - Amy Ferguson
- Institute of Health and Wellbeing, University of Glasgow, Glasgow, UK
| | - Donald M Lyall
- Institute of Health and Wellbeing, University of Glasgow, Glasgow, UK
| | - Breda Cullen
- Institute of Health and Wellbeing, University of Glasgow, Glasgow, UK
| | - Laura M Pidgeon
- Institute of Health and Wellbeing, University of Glasgow, Glasgow, UK
| | - Jonathan Cavanagh
- Institute of Health and Wellbeing, University of Glasgow, Glasgow, UK
| | - Daniel F Mackay
- Institute of Health and Wellbeing, University of Glasgow, Glasgow, UK
| | - Jill P Pell
- Institute of Health and Wellbeing, University of Glasgow, Glasgow, UK
| | - Michael O'Donovan
- MRC Centre for Neuropsychiatric Genetics and Genomics, Cardiff University, Cardiff, UK
| | | | - Daniel J Smith
- Institute of Health and Wellbeing, University of Glasgow, Glasgow, UK.
| |
Collapse
|
185
|
Aflibercept in the Treatment of Diabetic Macular Edema: A Review and Consensus Paper. Eur J Ophthalmol 2017; 27:627-639. [DOI: 10.5301/ejo.5001053] [Citation(s) in RCA: 17] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/12/2023]
Abstract
Purpose To reach a consensus, among experts, on the role of aflibercept in diabetic macular edema (DME) through literature review. Methods Two round tables, involving 12 Italian experts, were organized: in the first one, 6 pharmacologic and clinical questions were selected and analyzed by a systematic literature review, using a population, intervention, control, and outcomes framework; in the second one, the nominal group technique was used to discuss relevant evidence related to each question. The consensus was assessed using the 5-point Delphi score. Results Agreement on statements was reached on 6/6 questions. The final statements were as follows: 1) High levels of both vascular endothelial growth factor (VEGF) and placental growth factor play an important role in the pathogenesis of DME. 2) The aflibercept pharmacologic profile is notably different from that of other anti-VEGF. 3) Aflibercept significantly improves functional and anatomical outcomes, and rapidly improves best-corrected visual acuity up to its peak; these results remain stable over time. 4) Diabetic macular edema aflibercept treatment requires a 5-monthly injection loading phase. Alternatively, a personalized pro re nata (PRN) regimen based on monthly monitoring and strict retreatment criteria can be used. 5) As an alternative to the bimonthly fixed regimen, in the maintenance phase the treatment schedule may be a PRN regimen with strict retreatment criteria or a treat and extend regimen. 6) No concerns on aflibercept ocular and systemic safety emerged from the literature. Conclusions Consensus was reached among experts on how to best treat patients with DME with aflibercept.
Collapse
|
186
|
Accelerated growth of hemangioblastoma in pregnancy: the role of proangiogenic factors and upregulation of hypoxia-inducible factor (HIF) in a non-oxygen-dependent pathway. Neurosurg Rev 2017; 42:209-226. [DOI: 10.1007/s10143-017-0910-4] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/03/2017] [Revised: 09/16/2017] [Accepted: 09/19/2017] [Indexed: 12/28/2022]
|
187
|
Abstract
Hypertensive disorders in pregnancy have been the cause of much clinical dilemma, affecting up to 10 % of all pregnancies. The precise blood pressure to achieve in a pregnant woman is usually a battle between minimizing end organ damage to the mother and providing adequate perfusion to the placenta and the fetus. This predicament is becoming more, not less, frequent as maternal ages increase in high resource nations. Biomarkers to predict preeclampsia, a subcategory of hypertension in pregnancy, have always been elusive. The discovery of angiogenic factors relevant to preeclampsia in the last decade, however, has propelled much needed research, both in the basic science and clinical arenas. In this review, we summarize the latest clinical studies and international guidelines on blood pressure goals in pregnancy, and discuss the most promising of biomarkers to predict or diagnose preeclampsia.
Collapse
|
188
|
Song Y, Liu Z, Han Y, Gao W, Hao J, Zhong X, Wang D, Li Z. DNA methylation-mediated silencing of FLT1 in parthenogenetic porcine placentas. Placenta 2017; 58:86-89. [PMID: 28962701 DOI: 10.1016/j.placenta.2017.08.074] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/24/2017] [Revised: 08/13/2017] [Accepted: 08/24/2017] [Indexed: 10/18/2022]
Abstract
Studies show that perturbed expression of vascular endothelial growth factor (VEGF) family genes is related to abnormal development of parthenogenetic (PA) placenta. In this study, the methylation status of VEGF family genes were compared between PA and normal placentas using bisulfite sequencing PCR (BSP). Results showed no significant difference in the methylation of VEGF-A differentially methylated region (DMR), placental growth factor (PIGF) DMR, and kinase insert domain receptor (KDR) DMR, whereas FMS-like tyrosine kinase 1 (FLT1) DMR was hypermethylated in PA placentas. These results suggested that abnormal methylation of FLT1 DMR might trigger the developmental failure of porcine PA placentas.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Yuning Song
- Jilin Provincial Key Laboratory of Animal Embryo Engineering, Jilin University, Changchun 130062, China
| | - Zhiquan Liu
- Jilin Provincial Key Laboratory of Animal Embryo Engineering, Jilin University, Changchun 130062, China
| | - Yang Han
- Jilin Provincial Key Laboratory of Animal Embryo Engineering, Jilin University, Changchun 130062, China
| | - Wei Gao
- Jilin Provincial Key Laboratory of Animal Embryo Engineering, Jilin University, Changchun 130062, China
| | - Jindong Hao
- Jilin Provincial Key Laboratory of Animal Embryo Engineering, Jilin University, Changchun 130062, China
| | - Xiaowei Zhong
- Jilin Provincial Key Laboratory of Animal Embryo Engineering, Jilin University, Changchun 130062, China
| | - Dongxu Wang
- Jilin Provincial Key Laboratory of Animal Embryo Engineering, Jilin University, Changchun 130062, China.
| | - Zhanjun Li
- Jilin Provincial Key Laboratory of Animal Embryo Engineering, Jilin University, Changchun 130062, China.
| |
Collapse
|
189
|
Han KH, Kim AK, Kim MH, Kim DH, Go HN, Kang D, Chang JW, Choi SW, Kang KS, Kim DI. Protein profiling and angiogenic effect of hypoxia-cultured human umbilical cord blood-derived mesenchymal stem cells in hindlimb ischemia. Tissue Cell 2017; 49:680-690. [PMID: 28958480 DOI: 10.1016/j.tice.2017.09.006] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/13/2016] [Revised: 09/05/2017] [Accepted: 09/14/2017] [Indexed: 12/19/2022]
Abstract
The aim of the present study was to investigate protein profiles of human umbilical cord blood-derived mesenchymal stem cells (hUCB-MSCs) cultured in normoxic (21% O2) and hypoxic (1% O2) conditions, and evaluate oxygenation effects on angiogenesis in an ischemic hindlimb mouse model using a modified ischemic scoring system. Hypoxic conditions did not change the expression of phenotypic markers and increased adipogenesis and chondrogenesis. Epidermal growth factor (EGF), transforming growth factor alpha (TGF-α), TGF-β RII, and vascular endothelial growth factor (VEGF) were upregulated in the conditioned medium of hypoxic hUCB-MSCs, which are commonly related to angiogenesis and proliferation of biological processes by Gene Ontology. In the Kyoto Encyclopedia of Genes and Genomes (KEGG) pathway, significant enrichment of the phosphorylation of abelson murine leukemia viral oncogene homolog 1 (ABL1) (Phospho-Tyr204) and B-cell lymphoma-extra large (BCL-XL) (Phospho-Thr47) as anti-apoptotic pathways was observed in hypoxic hUCB-MSCs. Furthermore, hypoxic conditions induced proliferation and migration, and reduced apoptosis of hUCB-MSCs in vitro. Based on the results of protein antibody array, we evaluated the angiogenic effects of injecting normoxic or hypoxic hUCB-MSCs (1×106) into the ischemic hindlimb muscles of mice. Ischemic scores and capillary generation were significantly greater in the hypoxic hUCB-MSC injection group than in the normoxic hUCB-MSC group. Our findings demonstrate that culturing hUCB-MSCs in hypoxic conditions not only significantly enriches phosphorylation in the anti-apoptosis pathway and enhances the secretion of several angiogenic proteins from cells, but also alleviates ischemic injury of hindlimb of mice.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Kyu-Hyun Han
- Division of Vascular Surgery, Samsung Medical Center, Sungkyunkwan University School of Medicine, Seoul 06351, Republic of Korea
| | - Ae-Kyeong Kim
- Division of Vascular Surgery, Samsung Medical Center, Sungkyunkwan University School of Medicine, Seoul 06351, Republic of Korea
| | - Min-Hee Kim
- Division of Vascular Surgery, Samsung Medical Center, Sungkyunkwan University School of Medicine, Seoul 06351, Republic of Korea
| | - Do-Hyung Kim
- Division of Vascular Surgery, Samsung Medical Center, Sungkyunkwan University School of Medicine, Seoul 06351, Republic of Korea
| | - Ha-Nl Go
- Division of Vascular Surgery, Samsung Medical Center, Sungkyunkwan University School of Medicine, Seoul 06351, Republic of Korea
| | - Donglim Kang
- Division of Vascular Surgery, Samsung Medical Center, Sungkyunkwan University School of Medicine, Seoul 06351, Republic of Korea
| | - Jong Wook Chang
- Stem Cell & Regenerative Medicine Institute, Research Institute for Future Medicine, Samsung Medical Center, Seoul 06351, Republic of Korea
| | - Soon Won Choi
- Research Institute for Veterinary Science, College of Veterinary Medicine, Seoul National University, Seoul 151-747, Republic of Korea
| | - Kyung-Sun Kang
- Research Institute for Veterinary Science, College of Veterinary Medicine, Seoul National University, Seoul 151-747, Republic of Korea
| | - Dong-Ik Kim
- Division of Vascular Surgery, Samsung Medical Center, Sungkyunkwan University School of Medicine, Seoul 06351, Republic of Korea.
| |
Collapse
|
190
|
Müller-Greven G, Carlin CR, Burgett ME, Ahluwalia MS, Lauko A, Nowacki AS, Herting CJ, Qadan MA, Bredel M, Toms SA, Lathia JD, Hambardzumyan D, Sarkaria JN, Hamerlik P, Gladson CL. Macropinocytosis of Bevacizumab by Glioblastoma Cells in the Perivascular Niche Affects their Survival. Clin Cancer Res 2017; 23:7059-7071. [PMID: 28912141 DOI: 10.1158/1078-0432.ccr-17-0249] [Citation(s) in RCA: 19] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/31/2017] [Revised: 08/07/2017] [Accepted: 09/07/2017] [Indexed: 12/26/2022]
Abstract
Purpose: Bevacizumab, a humanized monoclonal antibody to VEGF, is used routinely in the treatment of patients with recurrent glioblastoma (GBM). However, very little is known regarding the effects of bevacizumab on the cells in the perivascular space in tumors.Experimental Design: Established orthotopic xenograft and syngeneic models of GBM were used to determine entry of monoclonal anti-VEGF-A into, and uptake by cells in, the perivascular space. Based on the results, we examined CD133+ cells derived from GBM tumors in vitro Bevacizumab internalization, trafficking, and effects on cell survival were analyzed using multilabel confocal microscopy, immunoblotting, and cytotoxicity assays in the presence/absence of inhibitors.Results: In the GBM mouse models, administered anti-mouse-VEGF-A entered the perivascular tumor niche and was internalized by Sox2+/CD44+ tumor cells. In the perivascular tumor cells, bevacizumab was detected in the recycling compartment or the lysosomes, and increased autophagy was found. Bevacizumab was internalized rapidly by CD133+/Sox2+-GBM cells in vitro through macropinocytosis with a fraction being trafficked to a recycling compartment, independent of FcRn, and a fraction to lysosomes. Bevacizumab treatment of CD133+ GBM cells depleted VEGF-A and induced autophagy thereby improving cell survival. An inhibitor of lysosomal acidification decreased bevacizumab-induced autophagy and increased cell death. Inhibition of macropinocytosis increased cell death, suggesting macropinocytosis of bevacizumab promotes CD133+ cell survival.Conclusions: We demonstrate that bevacizumab is internalized by Sox2+/CD44+-GBM tumor cells residing in the perivascular tumor niche. Macropinocytosis of bevacizumab and trafficking to the lysosomes promotes CD133+ cell survival, as does the autophagy induced by bevacizumab depletion of VEGF-A. Clin Cancer Res; 23(22); 7059-71. ©2017 AACR.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Gaëlle Müller-Greven
- Department of Cancer Biology, Cleveland Clinic, Cleveland, Ohio.,School of Biomedical Sciences, Kent State University, Kent, Ohio
| | - Cathleen R Carlin
- Department of Molecular Biology and Microbiology, Case Western Reserve University, Cleveland, Ohio
| | - Monica E Burgett
- Department of Cancer Biology, Cleveland Clinic, Cleveland, Ohio.,School of Biomedical Sciences, Kent State University, Kent, Ohio
| | - Manmeet S Ahluwalia
- Brain Tumor and Neuro-Oncology Center, Taussig Cancer Institute, Cleveland Clinic, Cleveland, Ohio
| | - Adam Lauko
- Department of Cancer Biology, Cleveland Clinic, Cleveland, Ohio
| | - Amy S Nowacki
- Department of Quantitative Health Sciences, Cleveland Clinic, Cleveland, Ohio
| | - Cameron J Herting
- Department of Pediatrics, Emory University School of Medicine, Atlanta, Georgia
| | - Maha A Qadan
- Department of Cancer Biology, Cleveland Clinic, Cleveland, Ohio.,School of Biomedical Sciences, Kent State University, Kent, Ohio
| | - Markus Bredel
- Department of Radiation Oncology, University of Alabama at Birmingham, Birmingham, Alabama
| | - Steven A Toms
- Department of Neurosurgery, Geisinger Medical Center, Geisinger, Pennsylvania
| | - Justin D Lathia
- Brain Tumor and Neuro-Oncology Center, Taussig Cancer Institute, Cleveland Clinic, Cleveland, Ohio.,Department of Cell and Molecular Medicine, Lerner Research Institute, Cleveland Clinic, Cleveland, Ohio
| | | | - Jann N Sarkaria
- Department of Radiation Oncology, Mayo Clinic, Rochester, Minnesota
| | - Petra Hamerlik
- Brain Tumor Biology, Danish Cancer Society Research Center, Copenhagen, Denmark
| | - Candece L Gladson
- Department of Cancer Biology, Cleveland Clinic, Cleveland, Ohio. .,Brain Tumor and Neuro-Oncology Center, Taussig Cancer Institute, Cleveland Clinic, Cleveland, Ohio
| |
Collapse
|
191
|
Xu Y, Rong A, Xu W, Niu Y, Wang Z. Comparison of 12-month therapeutic effect of conbercept and ranibizumab for diabetic macular edema: a real-life clinical practice study. BMC Ophthalmol 2017; 17:158. [PMID: 28841827 PMCID: PMC6389086 DOI: 10.1186/s12886-017-0554-8] [Citation(s) in RCA: 34] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/17/2016] [Accepted: 08/21/2017] [Indexed: 12/27/2022] Open
Abstract
Background To compare the efficacy of intravitreal conbercept and ranibizumab in the treatment of diabetic macular edema (DME) in a real-life clinical practice. Methods This was a retrospective study. Among 62 Chinese patients with DME, 32 patients (36 eyes) received intravitreal conbercept (IVC) injections and 30 patients (32 eyes) received intravitreal ranibizumab (IVR) injections, once a month for 3 months followed by as needed therapy. All participants had at least 12 months of follow-up. We compared the changes in best-corrected visual acuity (BCVA) letter score and central retinal thickness (CRT) between groups, as well as the number of intravitreal injections delivered. Safety was assessed with the incidence of adverse events (AEs). Results At month 12, the mean BCVA letter score improved by 9.3 ± 5.2 with conbercept, and by 8.9 ± 4.4 with ranibizumab, the mean CRT reduction was 138.4 ± 97.7 μm and 145.2 ± 72.5 μm, respectively. There was no statistically significant difference of improvement in BCVA (P = 0.756) and decrease in CRT (P = 0.748) between the two groups. The number of intravitreal injections delivered was significantly higher (P = 0.027) in the IVR group (7.2 ± 1.0 per eye) than in the IVC group (6.6 ± 0.9 per eye). There were no severe ocular adverse reactions or systemic adverse events. Conclusions Both conbercept and ranibizumab are effective in the treatment of DME, achieving the similar clinical efficacy. In comparison to ranibizumab, conbercept shows a longer treatment interval and fewer intravitreal conbercept injections are needed. Electronic supplementary material The online version of this article (10.1186/s12886-017-0554-8) contains supplementary material, which is available to authorized users.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Yule Xu
- Department of Ophthalmology, Tongji Hospital, Tongji University School of Medicine, 389 Xincun Road, Shanghai, 200065, China
| | - Ao Rong
- Department of Ophthalmology, Tongji Hospital, Tongji University School of Medicine, 389 Xincun Road, Shanghai, 200065, China.
| | - Wei Xu
- Department of Ophthalmology, Tongji Hospital, Tongji University School of Medicine, 389 Xincun Road, Shanghai, 200065, China
| | - Yunli Niu
- Department of Ophthalmology, Tongji Hospital, Tongji University School of Medicine, 389 Xincun Road, Shanghai, 200065, China
| | - Zhen Wang
- Department of Ophthalmology, Tongji Hospital, Tongji University School of Medicine, 389 Xincun Road, Shanghai, 200065, China
| |
Collapse
|
192
|
A Review of Anti-Angiogenic Targets for Monoclonal Antibody Cancer Therapy. Int J Mol Sci 2017; 18:ijms18081786. [PMID: 28817103 PMCID: PMC5578174 DOI: 10.3390/ijms18081786] [Citation(s) in RCA: 105] [Impact Index Per Article: 15.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/21/2017] [Revised: 08/11/2017] [Accepted: 08/14/2017] [Indexed: 12/13/2022] Open
Abstract
Tumor angiogenesis is a key event that governs tumor progression and metastasis. It is controlled by the complicated and coordinated actions of pro-angiogenic factors and their receptors that become upregulated during tumorigenesis. Over the past several decades, vascular endothelial growth factor (VEGF) signaling has been identified as a central axis in tumor angiogenesis. The remarkable advent of recombinant antibody technology has led to the development of bevacizumab, a humanized antibody that targets VEGF and is a leading clinical therapy to suppress tumor angiogenesis. However, despite the clinical efficacy of bevacizumab, its significant side effects and drug resistance have raised concerns necessitating the identification of novel drug targets and development of novel therapeutics to combat tumor angiogenesis. This review will highlight the role and relevance of VEGF and other potential therapeutic targets and their receptors in angiogenesis. Simultaneously, we will also cover the current status of monoclonal antibodies being developed to target these candidates for cancer therapy.
Collapse
|
193
|
Placenta growth factor mediated gene regulation in sickle cell disease. Blood Rev 2017; 32:61-70. [PMID: 28823762 DOI: 10.1016/j.blre.2017.08.008] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/21/2017] [Revised: 08/08/2017] [Accepted: 08/15/2017] [Indexed: 01/07/2023]
Abstract
Sickle cell anemia (SCA) is an autosomal recessive disorder caused by mutation in the β-globin gene. Pulmonary hypertension (PH), a complication of SCA, results in severe morbidity and mortality. PH is a multifactorial disease: systemic vasculopathy, pulmonary vasoconstriction, and endothelial dysfunction and remodeling. Placenta growth factor (PlGF), an angiogenic growth factor, elaborated from erythroid cells, has been shown to contribute to inflammation, pulmonary vasoconstriction and airway hyper-responsiveness (AH) in mouse models of sickle cell disease. In this review, we summarize the cell-signaling mechanism(s) by which PlGF regulates the expression of genes involved in inflammation, PH and AH in cell culture and corroborate these findings in mouse models of SCA and in individuals with SCA. The role of microRNAs (miRNAs) in the post-transcriptional regulation of these genes is presented and how these miRNAs located in their host genes are transcriptionally regulated. An understanding of the transcriptional regulation of these miRNAs provides a new therapeutic approach to ameliorate the clinical manifestations of SCA.
Collapse
|
194
|
Sun G, Guzman E, Balasanyan V, Conner CM, Wong K, Zhou HR, Kosik KS, Montell DJ. A molecular signature for anastasis, recovery from the brink of apoptotic cell death. J Cell Biol 2017; 216:3355-3368. [PMID: 28768686 PMCID: PMC5626555 DOI: 10.1083/jcb.201706134] [Citation(s) in RCA: 92] [Impact Index Per Article: 13.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/22/2017] [Revised: 06/28/2017] [Accepted: 07/05/2017] [Indexed: 01/23/2023] Open
Abstract
Cells can survive executioner caspase activation following transient apoptotic stimuli, a process called anastasis. Using whole-transcriptome RNA sequencing, Sun et al. show that anastasis is an active, two-stage program and characterize the cell behaviors and molecular signature involved in the process. During apoptosis, executioner caspase activity has been considered a point of no return. However, recent studies show that cells can survive caspase activation following transient apoptotic stimuli, a process called anastasis. To identify a molecular signature, we performed whole-transcriptome RNA sequencing of untreated, apoptotic, and recovering HeLa cells. We found that anastasis is an active, two-stage program. During the early stage, cells transition from growth-arrested to growing. In the late stage, HeLa cells change from proliferating to migratory. Recovering cells also exhibited prolonged elevation of proangiogenic factors. Strikingly, some early-recovery mRNAs, including Snail, were elevated first during apoptosis, implying that dying cells poise to recover, even while under apoptotic stress. Snail was also required for recovery. This study reveals similarities in the anastasis genes, pathways, and cell behaviors to those activated in wound healing and identifies a repertoire of potential targets for therapeutic manipulation.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Gongping Sun
- Molecular, Cellular, and Developmental Biology Department, Neuroscience Research Institute, University of California, Santa Barbara, Santa Barbara, CA
| | - Elmer Guzman
- Molecular, Cellular, and Developmental Biology Department, Neuroscience Research Institute, University of California, Santa Barbara, Santa Barbara, CA
| | - Varuzhan Balasanyan
- Molecular, Cellular, and Developmental Biology Department, Neuroscience Research Institute, University of California, Santa Barbara, Santa Barbara, CA
| | - Christopher M Conner
- Molecular, Cellular, and Developmental Biology Department, Neuroscience Research Institute, University of California, Santa Barbara, Santa Barbara, CA
| | - Kirsten Wong
- Molecular, Cellular, and Developmental Biology Department, Neuroscience Research Institute, University of California, Santa Barbara, Santa Barbara, CA
| | - Hongjun Robin Zhou
- Molecular, Cellular, and Developmental Biology Department, Neuroscience Research Institute, University of California, Santa Barbara, Santa Barbara, CA
| | - Kenneth S Kosik
- Molecular, Cellular, and Developmental Biology Department, Neuroscience Research Institute, University of California, Santa Barbara, Santa Barbara, CA
| | - Denise J Montell
- Molecular, Cellular, and Developmental Biology Department, Neuroscience Research Institute, University of California, Santa Barbara, Santa Barbara, CA
| |
Collapse
|
195
|
Wu WB, Xu YY, Cheng WW, Yuan B, Zhao JR, Wang YL, Zhang HJ. Decreased PGF may contribute to trophoblast dysfunction in fetal growth restriction. Reproduction 2017; 154:319-329. [PMID: 28676532 DOI: 10.1530/rep-17-0253] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/27/2017] [Revised: 06/16/2017] [Accepted: 07/04/2017] [Indexed: 12/12/2022]
Abstract
Fetal growth restriction (FGR) threatens perinatal health and is correlated with increased incidence of fetal original adult diseases. Most cases of FGR were idiopathic, which were supposed to be associated with placental abnormality. Decreased circulating placental growth factor (PGF) was recognized as an indication of placental deficiency in FGR. In this study, the epigenetic regulation of PGF in FGR placentas and the involvement of PGF in modulation of trophoblast activity were investigated. The expression level of PGF in placental tissues was determined by RT-qPCR, immunohistochemistry and ELISA. DNA methylation profile of PGF gene was analyzed by bisulfite sequencing. Trophoblastic cell lines were treated with ZM-306416, an inhibitor of PGF receptor FLT1, to observe the effect of PGF/FLT1 signaling on cell proliferation and migration. We demonstrated that PGF was downregulated in placentas from FGR pregnancies compared with normal controls. The villous expression of PGF was positively correlated with placental and fetal weight. The CpG island inside PGF promoter was hypomethylated without obvious difference in both normal and FGR placentas. However, the higher DNA methylation at another CpG island downstream exon 7 of PGF was demonstrated in FGR placentas. Additionally, we found FLT1 was expressed in trophoblast cells. Inhibition of PGF/FLT1 signaling by a selective inhibitor impaired trophoblast proliferation and migration. In conclusion, our data suggested that the PGF expression was dysregulated, and disrupted PGF/FLT1 signaling in trophoblast might contribute to placenta dysfunction in FGR. Thus, our results support the significant role of PGF in the pathogenesis of FGR.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Wei-Bin Wu
- Departments of Pathology and Bio-Bank, The International Peace Maternity and Child Health Hospital, Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, Shanghai, China.,Institute of Embryo-Fetal Original Adult Disease, Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, Shanghai, China
| | - Yue-Ying Xu
- Departments of Pathology and Bio-Bank, The International Peace Maternity and Child Health Hospital, Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, Shanghai, China
| | - Wei-Wei Cheng
- Department of Obstetrics, The International Peace Maternity and Child Health Hospital, Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, Shanghai, China
| | - Bo Yuan
- Department of Computer Science and Engineer, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, Shanghai, China
| | - Jiu-Ru Zhao
- Departments of Pathology and Bio-Bank, The International Peace Maternity and Child Health Hospital, Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, Shanghai, China.,Institute of Embryo-Fetal Original Adult Disease, Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, Shanghai, China
| | - Yan-Lin Wang
- Prenatal Diagnosis Center & Fetal Medicine Unit, The International Peace Maternity and Child Health Hospital, Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, Shanghai, China
| | - Hui-Juan Zhang
- Departments of Pathology and Bio-Bank, The International Peace Maternity and Child Health Hospital, Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, Shanghai, China.,Institute of Embryo-Fetal Original Adult Disease, Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, Shanghai, China
| |
Collapse
|
196
|
Moe K, Heidecke H, Dechend R, Staff AC. Dysregulation of circulating autoantibodies against VEGF-A, VEGFR-1 and PlGF in preeclampsia - A role in placental and vascular health? Pregnancy Hypertens 2017; 10:83-89. [PMID: 29153696 DOI: 10.1016/j.preghy.2017.06.002] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/14/2017] [Revised: 05/31/2017] [Accepted: 06/04/2017] [Indexed: 11/26/2022]
Abstract
OBJECTIVES Preeclampsia is a state of antiangiogenesis, with high levels of maternal circulating sVEGFR-1 (soluble vascular endothelial growth factor receptor 1, also named sFlt1) and low levels of PlGF (placenta growth factor). Various autoantibodies have been detected in preeclamptic patients. We hypothesize that circulating autoantibodies against VEGF-A (AA-VEGF-A), VEGFR-1 (AA-VEGFR-1) and PlGF (AA-PlGF) are present in preeclamptic women, with different levels from pregnant women with normotensive pregnancies. Secondly, we wanted to analyze if autoantibody levels are associated to sFlt1 or PLGF levels. STUDY DESIGN Retrospective cross sectional study of 88 women with singleton pregnancies who delivered at Oslo University Hospital of whom 46 had preeclampsia and 42 had uncomplicated normotensive pregnancies. Novel immunoassays for IgG-autoantibodies against VEGFA, VEGFR-1 and PlGF were developed and serum samples were assayed. MAIN OUTCOME MEASURES AND RESULTS AA-VEGF-A, AA-VEGF-R1 and AA-PlGF were significantly lower in preeclamptic pregnancies (n=42) compared to normotensive pregnancies (n=46) (p<0.05). On unadjusted analysis, only AA-VEGFA and AA-VEGFR-1 were predictors of PE, but none were independent predictors after adjusting for BMI (body mass index) and parity. In the subgroup of normotensive and PE women with overlapping sVEGFR-1/PlGF-ratios, AA-VEGF was a significant predictor of PE with AUC: 0.735. CONCLUSION IgG autoantibodies against VEGF-A VEGFR-1 and PlGF can be found in pregnant women. They are dysregulated in preeclampsia. The roles of these autoantibodies are unknown, but this study suggests they play a protective role in pregnancy. The levels of AA against VEGF-A, VEGFR-1 and PlGF might be important factors contributing to anti-angiogenesis regulation.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Kjartan Moe
- Institute for Clinical Medicine, Faculty of Medicine, University of Oslo, Norway, PB 1171, Blindern, 0381 Oslo, Norway.
| | - Harald Heidecke
- CellTrend GmbH, Im Biotechnologiepark, 14943 Luckenwalde, Germany.
| | - Ralf Dechend
- HELIOS Clinic, Berlin, Germany; Experimental and Clinical Research Center, Charité Medical Faculty and Max-Delbrueck Center for Molecular Medicine, Berlin, Germany.
| | - Anne Cathrine Staff
- Institute for Clinical Medicine, Faculty of Medicine, University of Oslo, Norway, PB 1171, Blindern, 0381 Oslo, Norway; Department of Obstetrics and Gynaecology, Oslo University Hospital, PB 4956 Nydalen, 0424 Oslo, Norway.
| |
Collapse
|
197
|
Newell LF, Holtan SG, Yates JE, Pereira L, Tyner JW, Burd I, Bagby GC. PlGF enhances TLR-dependent inflammatory responses in human mononuclear phagocytes. Am J Reprod Immunol 2017. [PMID: 28635072 DOI: 10.1111/aji.12709] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/04/2023] Open
Abstract
PROBLEM Levels of placental growth factor (PlGF) peak during third trimester of pregnancy, a time when women are at increased risk of virus-induced morbidity. We hypothesized PlGF might contribute to an exaggerated inflammatory response to Toll-like receptor (TLR) activation. METHOD OF STUDY Primary human adult and cord blood CD14+ cells were cultured in the presence of TLR ligands and/or PlGF. RESULTS PlGF significantly enhanced the magnitude and duration of TNF messenger RNA and protein production by TLR-7/8-activated monocytes, and increased subsequent production of TNF-independent inflammatory cytokines. This PlGF/TLR effect involved multiple inflammatory cytokines/chemokines and was seen with the majority of TLR agonists. PlGF enhanced phosphorylation of IkappaB kinase (IKK) in monocytes stimulated with the TLR-7/8 agonist R848, and IKK inhibition completely suppressed the PlGF effect. CONCLUSION PlGF enhances TLR-signaling upstream of IKK and contributes to an exaggerated pathologic pro-inflammatory state in response to activation of maternal and fetal mononuclear phagocytes by specific TLR agonists.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Laura F Newell
- Hematology and Medical Oncology, Oregon Health & Science University, Knight Cancer Institute, Portland, OR, USA
| | - Shernan G Holtan
- Division of Hematology, Oncology and Transplant, University of Minnesota, Minneapolis, MN, USA
| | - Jane E Yates
- Northwest Veterans Affairs Cancer Research Center, Portland, OR, USA
| | - Leonardo Pereira
- Division of Maternal-Fetal Medicine, Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Oregon Health & Science University, Portland, OR, USA
| | - Jeffrey W Tyner
- Hematology and Medical Oncology, Oregon Health & Science University, Knight Cancer Institute, Portland, OR, USA.,Department of Cell, Development, and Cancer Biology, Oregon Health & Science University, Portland, OR, USA
| | - Irina Burd
- Department of Gynecology and Obstetrics, Integrated Research Center for Fetal Medicine, Johns Hopkins University School of Medicine, Baltimore, MD, USA
| | - Grover C Bagby
- Hematology and Medical Oncology, Oregon Health & Science University, Knight Cancer Institute, Portland, OR, USA.,Northwest Veterans Affairs Cancer Research Center, Portland, OR, USA
| |
Collapse
|
198
|
Nikuei P, Rajaei M, Malekzadeh K, Nejatizadeh A, Mohseni F, Pourdarvishi F, ghashghaeezadeh N, Mohtarami M. Expression of placental growth factor mRNA in preeclampsia. Int J Reprod Biomed 2017. [DOI: 10.29252/ijrm.15.3.169] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/09/2023] Open
|
199
|
Intravitreal Aflibercept for Patients With Diabetic Macular Edema Refractory to Bevacizumab or Ranibizumab: Analysis of Response to Aflibercept. Asia Pac J Ophthalmol (Phila) 2017; 6:250-255. [PMID: 28436640 DOI: 10.22608/apo.2016186] [Citation(s) in RCA: 20] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/08/2022] Open
Abstract
PURPOSE To investigate the short-term efficacy and safety of intravitreal aflibercept in a case series of patients with diabetic macular edema (DME) refractory to ranibizumab or bevacizumab. DESIGN A retrospective chart review. METHODS From September 2013 to March 2016, we identified patients with DME who developed resistance to bevacizumab or ranibizumab. Three monthly intravitreal aflibercept injections were administered in refractory cases. Nonresponse to aflibercept was defined as a paradoxical increase in central foveal thickness (CFT) and gain in best-corrected visual acuity (BCVA) of less than 1 line at 1 month after treatment compared with before aflibercept administration. RESULTS Out of a total of 72 eyes in 72 refractory patients, 42 eyes (58.3%) responded to aflibercept injections. The BCVA and CFT were 0.65 ± 0.32 logMAR and 438.5 ± 80.1 μm, respectively, before aflibercept treatment and significantly improved to 0.31 ± 0.17 logMAR (P = 0.0008) and 297.9 ± 19.1 μm (P = 0.0004), respectively, 1 month after 3 aflibercept injections in responders. No differences in baseline characteristics, including age, sex, glycosylated hemoglobin, serum creatinine, total cholesterol, lens status, grades of diabetic retinopathy, and CFT/BCVA before aflibercept management (P > 0.05), were observed between responders and nonresponders. There were 17 vitrectomized eyes in 30 nonresponders (56.7%), a significantly higher rate than among the 42 responders (0%; P = 0.00001). CONCLUSIONS Three monthly intravitreal aflibercept injections had benefit in nearly two thirds of cases with DME resistant to bevacizumab or ranibizumab over short-term follow-up. Vitrectomized eyes responded poorly to aflibercept treatment.
Collapse
|
200
|
Sustained Placental Growth Factor-2 Treatment Does Not Aggravate Advanced Atherosclerosis in Ischemic Cardiomyopathy. J Cardiovasc Transl Res 2017; 10:348-358. [DOI: 10.1007/s12265-017-9742-4] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/13/2016] [Accepted: 03/14/2017] [Indexed: 12/17/2022]
|