151
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Lichtenberg JY, Leonard CE, Sterling HR, Santos Agreda V, Hwang PY. Using Microfluidics to Align Matrix Architecture and Generate Chemokine Gradients Promotes Directional Branching in a Model of Epithelial Morphogenesis. ACS Biomater Sci Eng 2024. [PMID: 39007451 DOI: 10.1021/acsbiomaterials.4c00245] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 07/16/2024]
Abstract
The mechanical cue of fiber alignment plays a key role in the development of various tissues in the body. The ability to study the effect of these stimuli in vitro has been limited previously. Here, we present a microfluidic device capable of intrinsically generating aligned fibers using the microchannel geometry. The device also features tunable interstitial fluid flow and the ability to form a morphogen gradient. These aspects allow for the modeling of complex tissues and to differentiate cell response to different stimuli. To demonstrate the abilities of our device, we incorporated luminal epithelial cysts into our device and induced growth factor stimulation. We found the mechanical cue of fiber alignment to play a dominant role in cell elongation and the ability to form protrusions was dependent on cadherin-3. Together, this work serves as a springboard for future potential with these devices to answer questions in developmental biology and complex diseases such as cancers.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jessanne Y Lichtenberg
- Department of Biomedical Engineering, Virginia Commonwealth University, Richmond, Virginia 23220, United States
| | - Corinne E Leonard
- Department of Biomedical Engineering, Virginia Commonwealth University, Richmond, Virginia 23220, United States
| | - Hazel R Sterling
- Department of Biomedical Engineering, Virginia Commonwealth University, Richmond, Virginia 23220, United States
| | - Valentina Santos Agreda
- Department of Biomedical Engineering, Virginia Commonwealth University, Richmond, Virginia 23220, United States
| | - Priscilla Y Hwang
- Department of Biomedical Engineering, Virginia Commonwealth University, Richmond, Virginia 23220, United States
- Massey Comprehensive Cancer Center, Virginia Commonwealth University School of Medicine, Richmond, Virginia 23298, United States
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152
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Wu MC, Nfor ON, Ho CC, Lu WY, Liaw YP. The association between different impact exercises and osteoporosis: an analysis of data from the Taiwan biobank. BMC Public Health 2024; 24:1881. [PMID: 39010045 PMCID: PMC11247905 DOI: 10.1186/s12889-024-19403-y] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/31/2023] [Accepted: 07/08/2024] [Indexed: 07/17/2024] Open
Abstract
Osteoporosis is a prevalent condition marked by reduced bone density and an elevated risk of fractures, especially among postmenopausal women. Exercise plays a crucial role in preventing and managing osteoporosis, with weight-bearing and impact exercises being particularly effective in enhancing bone density and mitigating disease risk. This study investigated the relationship between various types of impact exercises and osteoporosis using data from the Taiwan Biobank (TWB). The study sample comprised 5,123 individuals without osteoporosis and 1,770 individuals with the condition. Student's t-test and logistic regression analyses were utilized to assess the associations between exercise types and osteoporosis risk. Results indicated that high-impact exercise significantly reduced the likelihood of developing osteoporosis compared to no exercise (odds ratio; OR = 0.573, 95% CI: 0.406-0.810, P = 0.002). Conversely, low-impact exercises did not show a significant overall association with osteoporosis (OR = 1.160, 95% CI: 0.932-1.445, P = 0.184). Stratified analysis by sex revealed that high-impact exercise was protective against osteoporosis in men (OR = 0.391, 95% CI: 0.202-0.755, P = 0.005), but not significantly so in women (OR = 0.671, 95% CI: 0.438-1.027, P = 0.066). These findings suggest that high-impact exercise is associated with a reduced risk of osteoporosis, particularly among Taiwanese men aged 30 to 70.
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Affiliation(s)
- Min-Chen Wu
- Office of Physical Education, Chung Yuan Christian University, Taoyuan City, 320314, Taiwan
- Department of Public Health, Institute of Public Health, Chung Shan Medical University, Taichung City, 40201, Taiwan
| | - Oswald Ndi Nfor
- Department of Public Health, Institute of Public Health, Chung Shan Medical University, Taichung City, 40201, Taiwan
| | - Chien-Chang Ho
- Department of Physical Education, Fu Jen Catholic University, New Taipei City, 242062, Taiwan
| | - Wen-Yu Lu
- Department of Public Health, Institute of Public Health, Chung Shan Medical University, Taichung City, 40201, Taiwan
| | - Yung-Po Liaw
- Department of Public Health, Institute of Public Health, Chung Shan Medical University, Taichung City, 40201, Taiwan.
- Department of Medical Imaging, Chung Shan Medical University Hospital, Taichung City, 40201, Taiwan.
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153
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Shoyer TC, Collins KL, Ham TR, Blanchard AT, Malavade JN, Johns BA, West JL, Hoffman BD. Detection of fluorescent protein mechanical switching in cellulo. CELL REPORTS METHODS 2024; 4:100815. [PMID: 38986612 DOI: 10.1016/j.crmeth.2024.100815] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/11/2024] [Revised: 05/03/2024] [Accepted: 06/17/2024] [Indexed: 07/12/2024]
Abstract
The ability of cells to sense and respond to mechanical forces is critical in many physiological and pathological processes. However, determining the mechanisms by which forces affect protein function inside cells remains challenging. Motivated by in vitro demonstrations of fluorescent proteins (FPs) undergoing reversible mechanical switching of fluorescence, we investigated whether force-sensitive changes in FP function could be visualized in cells. Guided by a computational model of FP mechanical switching, we develop a formalism for its detection in Förster resonance energy transfer (FRET)-based biosensors and demonstrate its occurrence in cellulo within a synthetic actin crosslinker and the mechanical linker protein vinculin. We find that in cellulo mechanical switching is reversible and altered by manipulation of cell force generation, external stiffness, and force-sensitive bond dynamics of the biosensor. This work describes a framework for assessing FP mechanical stability and provides a means of probing force-sensitive protein function inside cells.
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Affiliation(s)
- T Curtis Shoyer
- Department of Biomedical Engineering, Duke University, Durham NC 27708, USA
| | - Kasie L Collins
- Department of Chemistry, Duke University, Durham NC 27708, USA
| | - Trevor R Ham
- Department of Biomedical Engineering, Duke University, Durham NC 27708, USA
| | - Aaron T Blanchard
- Department of Biomedical Engineering, Duke University, Durham NC 27708, USA
| | - Juilee N Malavade
- Department of Biomedical Engineering, Duke University, Durham NC 27708, USA
| | - Benjamin A Johns
- Department of Biomedical Engineering, Duke University, Durham NC 27708, USA
| | - Jennifer L West
- Department of Biomedical Engineering, Duke University, Durham NC 27708, USA; Department of Biomedical Engineering, University of Virginia, Charlottesville, VA 22908, USA
| | - Brenton D Hoffman
- Department of Biomedical Engineering, Duke University, Durham NC 27708, USA.
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154
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Paik S, Park J, Hong JY, Han SW. Deep learning application of vertebral compression fracture detection using mask R-CNN. Sci Rep 2024; 14:16308. [PMID: 39009647 PMCID: PMC11251057 DOI: 10.1038/s41598-024-67017-6] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/28/2023] [Accepted: 07/08/2024] [Indexed: 07/17/2024] Open
Abstract
Vertebral compression fractures (VCFs) of the thoracolumbar spine are commonly caused by osteoporosis or result from traumatic events. Early diagnosis of vertebral compression fractures can prevent further damage to patients. When assessing these fractures, plain radiographs are used as the primary diagnostic modality. In this study, we developed a deep learning based fracture detection model that could be used as a tool for primary care in the orthopedic department. We constructed a VCF dataset using 487 lateral radiographs, which included 598 fractures in the L1-T11 vertebra. For detecting VCFs, Mask R-CNN model was trained and optimized, and was compared to three other popular models on instance segmentation, Cascade Mask R-CNN, YOLOACT, and YOLOv5. With Mask R-CNN we achieved highest mean average precision score of 0.58, and were able to locate each fracture pixel-wise. In addition, the model showed high overall sensitivity, specificity, and accuracy, indicating that it detected fractures accurately and without misdiagnosis. Our model can be a potential tool for detecting VCFs from a simple radiograph and assisting doctors in making appropriate decisions in initial diagnosis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Seungyoon Paik
- School of Industrial and Management Engineering, Korea University, Anam-ro 145, Seongbuk-gu, Seoul, 02841, South Korea
| | - Jiwon Park
- Department of Orthopaedic Surgery, Korea University Ansan Hospital, 123, Jeokgeum-ro, Danwon-gu, Ansan, Gyeonggi-do, South Korea
| | - Jae Young Hong
- Department of Orthopaedic Surgery, Korea University Ansan Hospital, 123, Jeokgeum-ro, Danwon-gu, Ansan, Gyeonggi-do, South Korea
| | - Sung Won Han
- School of Industrial and Management Engineering, Korea University, Anam-ro 145, Seongbuk-gu, Seoul, 02841, South Korea.
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155
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Yu M, Tang X, Yang S, Li Z, Chen C, Xie S. Surface Functionalized Titanium Nitride Electrode for CMOS Compatible Bioelectronic Devices. ChemMedChem 2024; 19:e202400189. [PMID: 38632104 DOI: 10.1002/cmdc.202400189] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/12/2024] [Accepted: 04/16/2024] [Indexed: 04/19/2024]
Abstract
The development of bioelectronic devices is heading toward high throughput and high resolution. Yet, most electrode materials utilized in electrical biosensing are not compatible with the manufacturing techniques of semiconductor chips, which somehow hinders the integration and miniaturization of these devices. Titanium nitride (TiN) is a durable and economical material that is widely used in CMOS-based integrated circuits, bioelectronic systems, electrocatalytic systems, etc. Considering different application scenarios, new and efficient methods are required to functionalize TiN surface. In this study, a surface functionalization approach by covalent grafting of an organic thin film containing hydroxyl groups on TiN surface via electroreduction of diazonium salt 4-(2-hydroxyethyl)benzenediazonium was presented. Cyclic voltammetry (CV) procedures were carried out at the potential ranges of -0.8 V~0.5 V (vs Ag/AgCl) with varying numbers of potential cycles (i. e., 5, 25, and 50 cycles) in order to study the thickness of modification layer. Then, the electrochemical property, surface morphology, and chemical structures of the sample before and after modifications were investigated via multiple characterization techniques, such as CV, atomic force microscopy (AFM), scanning electron microscope (SEM) and X-ray photoelectron spectroscopy (XPS), etc., thereby confirming the successful grafting of hydroxyl groups onto the TiN surface. The experiments on DNA synthesis aimed to explore the potential of modified TiN electrode as a novel platform for DNA data storage applications and the corresponding proof-of-principle was accomplished by the process of coupling Cy3-phosphoramidite. Finally, the experiments were successfully reproduced on the randomly selected sites of the modified TiN microarray chips demonstrating the potential of technical protocol to extend applications in future bioelectronic devices, such as bio-sensing, high-throughput DNA synthesis, and molecular manipulation.
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Affiliation(s)
- Meng Yu
- School of Microelectronics, Shanghai University, Chengzhong Road 20, Shanghai, 201800, China
- Institute of Medical Chips, Ruijin Hospital, S, hanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, Ruijin No.2 Road 197, Shanghai, 200025, China
- Shanghai Industrial μTechnology Research Institute, Chengbei 235, Shanghai, 201800, China
| | - Xiaohui Tang
- Institute of Medical Chips, Ruijin Hospital, S, hanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, Ruijin No.2 Road 197, Shanghai, 200025, China
- Shanghai Industrial μTechnology Research Institute, Chengbei 235, Shanghai, 201800, China
| | - Shijia Yang
- State Key Laboratory of Transducer Technology, Shanghai Institute of Microsystem and Information Technology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Changning Road 865, Shanghai, 200050, China
| | - Zhenhua Li
- Institute of Medical Chips, Ruijin Hospital, S, hanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, Ruijin No.2 Road 197, Shanghai, 200025, China
- Shanghai Industrial μTechnology Research Institute, Chengbei 235, Shanghai, 201800, China
| | - Chang Chen
- School of Microelectronics, Shanghai University, Chengzhong Road 20, Shanghai, 201800, China
- Institute of Medical Chips, Ruijin Hospital, S, hanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, Ruijin No.2 Road 197, Shanghai, 200025, China
- Shanghai Industrial μTechnology Research Institute, Chengbei 235, Shanghai, 201800, China
- State Key Laboratory of Transducer Technology, Shanghai Institute of Microsystem and Information Technology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Changning Road 865, Shanghai, 200050, China
| | - Sijia Xie
- School of Microelectronics, Shanghai University, Chengzhong Road 20, Shanghai, 201800, China
- Institute of Medical Chips, Ruijin Hospital, S, hanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, Ruijin No.2 Road 197, Shanghai, 200025, China
- Shanghai Industrial μTechnology Research Institute, Chengbei 235, Shanghai, 201800, China
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156
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Famta P, Shah S, Vambhurkar G, Pandey G, Bagasariya D, Kumar KC, Prasad SB, Shinde A, Wagh S, Srinivasarao DA, Kumar R, Khatri DK, Asthana A, Srivastava S. Amelioration of breast cancer therapies through normalization of tumor vessels and microenvironment: paradigm shift to improve drug perfusion and nanocarrier permeation. Drug Deliv Transl Res 2024:10.1007/s13346-024-01669-9. [PMID: 39009931 DOI: 10.1007/s13346-024-01669-9] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Accepted: 07/04/2024] [Indexed: 07/17/2024]
Abstract
Breast cancer (BC) is the most commonly diagnosed cancer among women. Chemo-, immune- and photothermal therapies are employed to manage BC. However, the tumor microenvironment (TME) prevents free drugs and nanocarriers (NCs) from entering the tumor premises. Formulation scientists rely on enhanced permeation and retention (EPR) to extravasate NCs in the TME. However, recent research has demonstrated the inconsistent nature of EPR among different patients and tumor types. In addition, angiogenesis, high intra-tumor fluid pressure, desmoplasia, and high cell and extracellular matrix density resist the accumulation of NCs in the TME. In this review, we discuss TME normalization as an approach to improve the penetration of drugs and NCSs in the tumor premises. Strategies such as normalization of tumor vessels, reversal of hypoxia, alleviation of high intra-tumor pressure, and infiltration of lymphocytes for the reversal of therapy failure have been discussed in this manuscript. Strategies to promote the infiltration of anticancer immune cells in the TME after vascular normalization have been discussed. Studies strategizing time points to administer TME-normalizing agents are highlighted. Mechanistic pathways controlling the angiogenesis and normalization processes are discussed along with the studies. This review will provide greater tumor-targeting insights to the formulation scientists.
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Affiliation(s)
- Paras Famta
- Pharmaceutical Innovation and Translational Research Lab (PITRL), Department of Pharmaceutics, National Institute of Pharmaceutical Education and Research (NIPER), Balanagar, Hyderabad, 500037, Telangana, India
| | - Saurabh Shah
- Pharmaceutical Innovation and Translational Research Lab (PITRL), Department of Pharmaceutics, National Institute of Pharmaceutical Education and Research (NIPER), Balanagar, Hyderabad, 500037, Telangana, India
| | - Ganesh Vambhurkar
- Pharmaceutical Innovation and Translational Research Lab (PITRL), Department of Pharmaceutics, National Institute of Pharmaceutical Education and Research (NIPER), Balanagar, Hyderabad, 500037, Telangana, India
| | - Giriraj Pandey
- Pharmaceutical Innovation and Translational Research Lab (PITRL), Department of Pharmaceutics, National Institute of Pharmaceutical Education and Research (NIPER), Balanagar, Hyderabad, 500037, Telangana, India
| | - Deepkumar Bagasariya
- Pharmaceutical Innovation and Translational Research Lab (PITRL), Department of Pharmaceutics, National Institute of Pharmaceutical Education and Research (NIPER), Balanagar, Hyderabad, 500037, Telangana, India
| | - Kondasingh Charan Kumar
- Pharmaceutical Innovation and Translational Research Lab (PITRL), Department of Pharmaceutics, National Institute of Pharmaceutical Education and Research (NIPER), Balanagar, Hyderabad, 500037, Telangana, India
| | - Sajja Bhanu Prasad
- Pharmaceutical Innovation and Translational Research Lab (PITRL), Department of Pharmaceutics, National Institute of Pharmaceutical Education and Research (NIPER), Balanagar, Hyderabad, 500037, Telangana, India
| | - Akshay Shinde
- Pharmaceutical Innovation and Translational Research Lab (PITRL), Department of Pharmaceutics, National Institute of Pharmaceutical Education and Research (NIPER), Balanagar, Hyderabad, 500037, Telangana, India
| | - Suraj Wagh
- Pharmaceutical Innovation and Translational Research Lab (PITRL), Department of Pharmaceutics, National Institute of Pharmaceutical Education and Research (NIPER), Balanagar, Hyderabad, 500037, Telangana, India
| | - Dadi A Srinivasarao
- Pharmaceutical Innovation and Translational Research Lab (PITRL), Department of Pharmaceutics, National Institute of Pharmaceutical Education and Research (NIPER), Balanagar, Hyderabad, 500037, Telangana, India
| | - Rahul Kumar
- Department of Biological Sciences, National Institute of Pharmaceutical Education and Research (NIPER), Hyderabad, India
| | - Dharmendra Kumar Khatri
- Department of Biological Sciences, National Institute of Pharmaceutical Education and Research (NIPER), Hyderabad, India
- Molecular and Cellular Biology Laboratory, Department of Pharmacology, Nims Institute of Pharmacy, Nims University, Jaipur, Rajasthan, India
| | - Amit Asthana
- Department of Medical Devices, National Institute of Pharmaceutical Education and Research, Hyderabad, India
| | - Saurabh Srivastava
- Pharmaceutical Innovation and Translational Research Lab (PITRL), Department of Pharmaceutics, National Institute of Pharmaceutical Education and Research (NIPER), Balanagar, Hyderabad, 500037, Telangana, India.
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157
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Han M, Luo X, Xie X, Liao W, Zhang S, Song T, Wang G, Zhang S. DMSPS: Dynamically mixed soft pseudo-label supervision for scribble-supervised medical image segmentation. Med Image Anal 2024; 97:103274. [PMID: 39043109 DOI: 10.1016/j.media.2024.103274] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/18/2023] [Revised: 05/11/2024] [Accepted: 07/09/2024] [Indexed: 07/25/2024]
Abstract
High performance of deep learning on medical image segmentation rely on large-scale pixel-level dense annotations, which poses a substantial burden on medical experts due to the laborious and time-consuming annotation process, particularly for 3D images. To reduce the labeling cost as well as maintain relatively satisfactory segmentation performance, weakly-supervised learning with sparse labels has attained increasing attentions. In this work, we present a scribble-based framework for medical image segmentation, called Dynamically Mixed Soft Pseudo-label Supervision (DMSPS). Concretely, we extend a backbone with an auxiliary decoder to form a dual-branch network to enhance the feature capture capability of the shared encoder. Considering that most pixels do not have labels and hard pseudo-labels tend to be over-confident to result in poor segmentation, we propose to use soft pseudo-labels generated by dynamically mixing the decoders' predictions as auxiliary supervision. To further enhance the model's performance, we adopt a two-stage approach where the sparse scribbles are expanded based on predictions with low uncertainties from the first-stage model, leading to more annotated pixels to train the second-stage model. Experiments on ACDC dataset for cardiac structure segmentation, WORD dataset for 3D abdominal organ segmentation and BraTS2020 dataset for 3D brain tumor segmentation showed that: (1) compared with the baseline, our method improved the average DSC from 50.46% to 89.51%, from 75.46% to 87.56% and from 52.61% to 76.53% on the three datasets, respectively; (2) DMSPS achieved better performance than five state-of-the-art scribble-supervised segmentation methods, and is generalizable to different segmentation backbones. The code is available online at: https://github.com/HiLab-git/DMSPS.
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Affiliation(s)
- Meng Han
- School of Mechanical and Electrical Engineering, University of Electronic Science and Technology of China, Chengdu, China
| | - Xiangde Luo
- School of Mechanical and Electrical Engineering, University of Electronic Science and Technology of China, Chengdu, China; Shanghai Artificial Intelligence Laboratory, Shanghai, China
| | - Xiangjiang Xie
- School of Mechanical and Electrical Engineering, University of Electronic Science and Technology of China, Chengdu, China
| | - Wenjun Liao
- Department of Radiation Oncology, Sichuan Cancer Hospital and Institute, Sichuan Cancer Center, Chengdu, China; School of Medicine, University of Electronic Science and Technology of China, Chengdu, China
| | - Shichuan Zhang
- Department of Radiation Oncology, Sichuan Cancer Hospital and Institute, Sichuan Cancer Center, Chengdu, China
| | - Tao Song
- SenseTime Research, Shanghai, China
| | - Guotai Wang
- School of Mechanical and Electrical Engineering, University of Electronic Science and Technology of China, Chengdu, China; Shanghai Artificial Intelligence Laboratory, Shanghai, China.
| | - Shaoting Zhang
- School of Mechanical and Electrical Engineering, University of Electronic Science and Technology of China, Chengdu, China; Shanghai Artificial Intelligence Laboratory, Shanghai, China.
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158
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Botros L, Qayyum R. Association of platelet distribution width with all-cause and cause-specific mortality in US adults. Int J Cardiol 2024; 407:132100. [PMID: 38663809 DOI: 10.1016/j.ijcard.2024.132100] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/18/2023] [Revised: 03/31/2024] [Accepted: 04/22/2024] [Indexed: 04/29/2024]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Platelet distribution width (PDW) indicates heterogeneity in circulating platelet sizes. Studies reporting PDW association with mortality were limited by small sample sizes. Therefore, we examined the relationship between PDW and all-cause and cause-specific mortality in a large representative cohort. METHODS The NHANES III data were linked to mortality files to examine the association between PDW and mortality. We excluded participants <18 years old and had a history of myocardial infarction. Since the hazards violated the proportionality assumption, we used piece-wise spline with 5-year time intervals in Cox models without and with adjustment for age, gender, race, smoking history, diabetes mellitus, hypertension, eGFR and total cholesterol. RESULTS Of 15,688 participants, 53.2% were females, 36.2% had a history of hypertension, and 6368(40.6%) died during follow-up (range 0 to 31 years). The mean (SD) age of the participants was 47(20) years, platelet count was 275.0(71.7) 109/L, and PDW 16.5(0.5). In multivariable analyses, PDW was associated with all-cause mortality at 0-5 years (HR = 1.44; 95%CI = 1.21, 1.72; P < 0.001) and at 5-10 years (HR = 1.23; 95%CI =1.03, 1.46; P = 0.02). Similarly, PDW association was significant for the first 0-5 years in cardiovascular mortality (HR = 1.58, 95%CI = 1.10, 2.25; P = 0.013) and for cancer mortality (HR = 1.48 (1.15, 95%CI = 1.15, 1.91, P = 0.003). For other-cause mortality, PDW remained significantly associated for 0-5 years (HR = 1.35, 95%CI =1.05, 1.74; P = 0.02) and for 5-10 years (HR = 1.38, 95%CI = 1.05, 1.83; P = 0.023). CONCLUSIONS PDW is an independent, but time-dependent, predictor of all-cause, cardiovascular, cancer and other-cause mortality up to 5 years. The mechanisms underlying this association need further study.
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Affiliation(s)
- Liza Botros
- Department of Medicine, Eastern Virginia Medical School, Norfolk, USA; Department of Pulmonary Disease, Amsterdam University Medical Center, Amsterdam, the Netherlands
| | - Rehan Qayyum
- Department of Medicine, Eastern Virginia Medical School, Norfolk, USA.
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159
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Weber P, Asadikorayem M, Zenobi-Wong M. Zwitterionic Poly-Carboxybetaine Polymers Restore Lubrication of Inflamed Articular Cartilage. Adv Healthc Mater 2024:e2401623. [PMID: 39007282 DOI: 10.1002/adhm.202401623] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/02/2024] [Revised: 07/02/2024] [Indexed: 07/16/2024]
Abstract
Osteoarthritis is a degenerative joint disease that is associated with decreased synovial fluid viscosity and increased cartilage friction. Though viscosupplements are available for decades, their clinical efficacy is limited and there is ample need for more effective joint lubricants. This study first evaluates the tribological and biochemical properties of bovine articular cartilage explants after stimulation with the inflammatory cytokine interleukin-1β. This model is then used to investigate the tribological potential of carboxybetaine (CBAA)-based zwitterionic polymers of linear and bottlebrush architecture. Due to their affinity for cartilage tissue, these polymers form a highly hydrated surface layer that decreases friction under high load in the boundary lubrication regime. For linear pCBAA, these benefits are retained over several weeks and the relaxation time of cartilage explants under compression is furthermore decreased, thereby potentially boosting the weeping lubrication mechanism. Bottlebrush bb-pCBAA shows smaller benefits under boundary lubrication but is more viscous than linear pCBAA, therefore providing better lubrication under low load in the fluid-film regime and enabling a longer residence time to bind to the cartilage surface. Showing how CBAA-based polymers restore the lost lubrication mechanisms during inflammation can inspire the next steps toward more effective joint lubricants in the future.
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Affiliation(s)
- Patrick Weber
- Tissue Engineering + Biofabrication Laboratory, ETH Zurich, Otto-Stern-Weg 7, Zürich, 8093, Switzerland
| | - Maryam Asadikorayem
- Tissue Engineering + Biofabrication Laboratory, ETH Zurich, Otto-Stern-Weg 7, Zürich, 8093, Switzerland
| | - Marcy Zenobi-Wong
- Tissue Engineering + Biofabrication Laboratory, ETH Zurich, Otto-Stern-Weg 7, Zürich, 8093, Switzerland
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160
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Desai N, Pande S, Vora LK, Kommineni N. Nanofibrous Microspheres: A Biomimetic Platform for Bone Tissue Regeneration. ACS APPLIED BIO MATERIALS 2024; 7:4270-4292. [PMID: 38950103 PMCID: PMC11253102 DOI: 10.1021/acsabm.4c00613] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/04/2024] [Revised: 06/19/2024] [Accepted: 06/20/2024] [Indexed: 07/03/2024]
Abstract
Bone, a fundamental constituent of the human body, is a vital scaffold for support, protection, and locomotion, underscoring its pivotal role in maintaining skeletal integrity and overall functionality. However, factors such as trauma, disease, or aging can compromise bone structure, necessitating effective strategies for regeneration. Traditional approaches often lack biomimetic environments conducive to efficient tissue repair. Nanofibrous microspheres (NFMS) present a promising biomimetic platform for bone regeneration by mimicking the native extracellular matrix architecture. Through optimized fabrication techniques and the incorporation of active biomolecular components, NFMS can precisely replicate the nanostructure and biochemical cues essential for osteogenesis promotion. Furthermore, NFMS exhibit versatile properties, including tunable morphology, mechanical strength, and controlled release kinetics, augmenting their suitability for tailored bone tissue engineering applications. NFMS enhance cell recruitment, attachment, and proliferation, while promoting osteogenic differentiation and mineralization, thereby accelerating bone healing. This review highlights the pivotal role of NFMS in bone tissue engineering, elucidating their design principles and key attributes. By examining recent preclinical applications, we assess their current clinical status and discuss critical considerations for potential clinical translation. This review offers crucial insights for researchers at the intersection of biomaterials and tissue engineering, highlighting developments in this expanding field.
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Affiliation(s)
- Nimeet Desai
- Department
of Biomedical Engineering, Indian Institute
of Technology Hyderabad, Kandi 502285, India
| | - Shreya Pande
- Department
of Biomedical Engineering, Indian Institute
of Technology Hyderabad, Kandi 502285, India
| | - Lalitkumar K. Vora
- School
of Pharmacy, Queen’s University Belfast, 97 Lisburn Road, Belfast BT9 7BL, United Kingdom
| | - Nagavendra Kommineni
- Center
for Biomedical Research, Population Council, New York, New York 10065, United States
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161
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Yuan C, Ji X, Zhang Y, Liu X, Ding L, Li J, Ren S, Liu F, Chen Z, Zhang L, Zhu W, Yu J, Wu J. Important role of Bacillus subtilis as a probiotic and vaccine carrier in animal health maintenance. World J Microbiol Biotechnol 2024; 40:268. [PMID: 39007987 DOI: 10.1007/s11274-024-04065-0] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/03/2024] [Accepted: 06/27/2024] [Indexed: 07/16/2024]
Abstract
Bacillus subtilis is a widespread Gram-positive facultative aerobic bacterium that is recognized as generally safe. It has shown significant application value and great development potential in the animal farming industry. As a probiotic, it is frequently used as a feed growth supplement to effectively replace antibiotics due to its favourable effects on regulating the intestinal flora, improving intestinal immunity, inhibiting harmful microorganisms, and secreting bioactive substances. Consequently, the gut health and disease resistance of farmed animals can be improved. Both vegetative and spore forms of B. subtilis have also been utilized as vaccine carriers for delivering the antigens of infectious pathogens for over a decade. Notably, its spore form is regarded as one of the most prospective for displaying heterologous antigens with high activity and stability. Previously published reviews have predominantly focused on the development and applications of B. subtilis spore surface display techniques. However, this review aims to summarize recent studies highlighting the important role of B. subtilis as a probiotic and vaccine carrier in maintaining animal health. Specifically, we focus on the beneficial effects and underlying mechanisms of B. subtilis in enhancing disease resistance among farmed animals as well as its potential application as mucosal vaccine carriers. It is anticipated that B. subtilis will assume an even more prominent role in promoting animal health with in-depth research on its characteristics and genetic manipulation tools.
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Affiliation(s)
- Chunmei Yuan
- College of Bioengineering, State Key Laboratory of Bio-based Material and Green Papermaking (LBMP), Qilu University of Technology (Shandong Academy of Sciences), Jinan, China
- Shandong Key Laboratory of Animal Disease Control and Breeding, Institute of Animal Science and Veterinary Medicine, Shandong Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Jinan, China
| | - Xiang Ji
- College of Bioengineering, State Key Laboratory of Bio-based Material and Green Papermaking (LBMP), Qilu University of Technology (Shandong Academy of Sciences), Jinan, China
- Shandong Key Laboratory of Animal Disease Control and Breeding, Institute of Animal Science and Veterinary Medicine, Shandong Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Jinan, China
| | - Yuyu Zhang
- Shandong Key Laboratory of Animal Disease Control and Breeding, Institute of Animal Science and Veterinary Medicine, Shandong Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Jinan, China
- School of Life Sciences, Shandong Normal University, Jinan, China
| | - Xinli Liu
- College of Bioengineering, State Key Laboratory of Bio-based Material and Green Papermaking (LBMP), Qilu University of Technology (Shandong Academy of Sciences), Jinan, China
| | - Luogang Ding
- Shandong Key Laboratory of Animal Disease Control and Breeding, Institute of Animal Science and Veterinary Medicine, Shandong Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Jinan, China
| | - Jianda Li
- Shandong Key Laboratory of Animal Disease Control and Breeding, Institute of Animal Science and Veterinary Medicine, Shandong Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Jinan, China
| | - Sufang Ren
- Shandong Key Laboratory of Animal Disease Control and Breeding, Institute of Animal Science and Veterinary Medicine, Shandong Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Jinan, China
| | - Fei Liu
- Shandong Key Laboratory of Animal Disease Control and Breeding, Institute of Animal Science and Veterinary Medicine, Shandong Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Jinan, China
| | - Zhi Chen
- Shandong Key Laboratory of Animal Disease Control and Breeding, Institute of Animal Science and Veterinary Medicine, Shandong Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Jinan, China
| | - Lin Zhang
- Shandong Key Laboratory of Animal Disease Control and Breeding, Institute of Animal Science and Veterinary Medicine, Shandong Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Jinan, China
| | - Wenxing Zhu
- College of Bioengineering, State Key Laboratory of Bio-based Material and Green Papermaking (LBMP), Qilu University of Technology (Shandong Academy of Sciences), Jinan, China.
| | - Jiang Yu
- Shandong Key Laboratory of Animal Disease Control and Breeding, Institute of Animal Science and Veterinary Medicine, Shandong Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Jinan, China.
- School of Life Sciences, Shandong Normal University, Jinan, China.
| | - Jiaqiang Wu
- Shandong Key Laboratory of Animal Disease Control and Breeding, Institute of Animal Science and Veterinary Medicine, Shandong Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Jinan, China.
- School of Life Sciences, Shandong Normal University, Jinan, China.
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162
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Ventisette I, Mattii F, Dallari C, Capitini C, Calamai M, Muzzi B, Pavone FS, Carpi F, Credi C. Gold-Hydrogel Nanocomposites for High-Resolution Laser-Based 3D Printing of Scaffolds with SERS-Sensing Properties. ACS APPLIED BIO MATERIALS 2024; 7:4497-4509. [PMID: 38925631 PMCID: PMC11253086 DOI: 10.1021/acsabm.4c00379] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/18/2024] [Revised: 05/21/2024] [Accepted: 05/27/2024] [Indexed: 06/28/2024]
Abstract
Although visible light-based stereolithography (SLA) represents an affordable technology for the rapid prototyping of 3D scaffolds for in vitro support of cells, its potential could be limited by the lack of functional photocurable biomaterials that can be SLA-structured at micrometric resolution. Even if innovative photocomposites showing biomimetic, bioactive, or biosensing properties have been engineered by loading inorganic particles into photopolymer matrices, main examples rely on UV-assisted extrusion-based low-resolution processes. Here, SLA-printable composites were obtained by mixing a polyethylene glycol diacrylate (PEGDA) hydrogel with multibranched gold nanoparticles (NPs). NPs were engineered to copolymerize with the PEGDA matrix by implementing a functionalization protocol involving covalent grafting of allylamine molecules that have C═C pendant moieties. The formulations of gold nanocomposites were tailored to achieve high-resolution fast prototyping of composite scaffolds via visible light-based SLA. Furthermore, it was demonstrated that, after mixing with a polymer and after laser structuring, gold NPs still retained their unique plasmonic properties and could be exploited for optical detection of analytes through surface-enhanced Raman spectroscopy (SERS). As a proof of concept, SERS-sensing performances of 3D printed plasmonic scaffolds were successfully demonstrated with a Raman probe molecule (e.g., 4-mercaptobenzoic acid) from the perspective of future extensions to real-time sensing of cell-specific markers released within cultures. Finally, biocompatibility tests preliminarily demonstrated that embedded NPs also played a key role by inducing physiological cell-cytoskeleton rearrangements, further confirming the potentialities of such hybrid nanocomposites as groundbreaking materials in laser-based bioprinting.
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Affiliation(s)
- Isabel Ventisette
- Department
of Industrial Engineering, University of
Florence, Florence 50121, Italy
| | - Francesco Mattii
- European
Laboratory for Non-Linear Spectroscopy, University of Florence, Sesto
Fiorentino 50019, Italy
| | - Caterina Dallari
- European
Laboratory for Non-Linear Spectroscopy, University of Florence, Sesto
Fiorentino 50019, Italy
- National
Institute of Optics–National Research Council, Sesto Fiorentino 50019, Italy
- Department
of Physics and Astronomy, University of
Florence Sesto Fiorentino 50019, Italy
| | - Claudia Capitini
- National
Institute of Optics–National Research Council, Sesto Fiorentino 50019, Italy
- Department
of Physics and Astronomy, University of
Florence Sesto Fiorentino 50019, Italy
| | - Martino Calamai
- European
Laboratory for Non-Linear Spectroscopy, University of Florence, Sesto
Fiorentino 50019, Italy
- National
Institute of Optics–National Research Council, Sesto Fiorentino 50019, Italy
| | - Beatrice Muzzi
- Institute
of Chemistry of Organometallic Compounds–National Research
Council, Sesto Fiorentino 50019, Italy
| | - Francesco S. Pavone
- European
Laboratory for Non-Linear Spectroscopy, University of Florence, Sesto
Fiorentino 50019, Italy
- National
Institute of Optics–National Research Council, Sesto Fiorentino 50019, Italy
- Department
of Physics and Astronomy, University of
Florence Sesto Fiorentino 50019, Italy
| | - Federico Carpi
- Department
of Industrial Engineering, University of
Florence, Florence 50121, Italy
| | - Caterina Credi
- European
Laboratory for Non-Linear Spectroscopy, University of Florence, Sesto
Fiorentino 50019, Italy
- National
Institute of Optics–National Research Council, Sesto Fiorentino 50019, Italy
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163
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Hao M, Xue L, Wen X, Sun L, Zhang L, Xing K, Hu X, Xu J, Xing D. Advancing bone regeneration: Unveiling the potential of 3D cell models in the evaluation of bone regenerative materials. Acta Biomater 2024; 183:1-29. [PMID: 38815683 DOI: 10.1016/j.actbio.2024.05.041] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/04/2024] [Revised: 05/23/2024] [Accepted: 05/24/2024] [Indexed: 06/01/2024]
Abstract
Bone, a rigid yet regenerative tissue, has garnered extensive attention for its impressive healing abilities. Despite advancements in understanding bone repair and creating treatments for bone injuries, handling nonunions and large defects remains a major challenge in orthopedics. The rise of bone regenerative materials is transforming the approach to bone repair, offering innovative solutions for nonunions and significant defects, and thus reshaping orthopedic care. Evaluating these materials effectively is key to advancing bone tissue regeneration, especially in difficult healing scenarios, making it a critical research area. Traditional evaluation methods, including two-dimensional cell models and animal models, have limitations in predicting accurately. This has led to exploring alternative methods, like 3D cell models, which provide fresh perspectives for assessing bone materials' regenerative potential. This paper discusses various techniques for constructing 3D cell models, their pros and cons, and crucial factors to consider when using these models to evaluate bone regenerative materials. We also highlight the significance of 3D cell models in the in vitro assessments of these materials, discuss their current drawbacks and limitations, and suggest future research directions. STATEMENT OF SIGNIFICANCE: This work addresses the challenge of evaluating bone regenerative materials (BRMs) crucial for bone tissue engineering. It explores the emerging role of 3D cell models as superior alternatives to traditional methods for assessing these materials. By dissecting the construction, key factors of evaluating, advantages, limitations, and practical considerations of 3D cell models, the paper elucidates their significance in overcoming current evaluation method shortcomings. It highlights how these models offer a more physiologically relevant and ethically preferable platform for the precise assessment of BRMs. This contribution is particularly significant for "Acta Biomaterialia" readership, as it not only synthesizes current knowledge but also propels the discourse forward in the search for advanced solutions in bone tissue engineering and regeneration.
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Affiliation(s)
- Minglu Hao
- The Affiliated Hospital of Qingdao University, Qingdao University, Qingdao 266071, China; Cancer institute, Qingdao University, Qingdao 266071, China.
| | - Linyuan Xue
- The Affiliated Hospital of Qingdao University, Qingdao University, Qingdao 266071, China; Cancer institute, Qingdao University, Qingdao 266071, China
| | - Xiaobo Wen
- The Affiliated Hospital of Qingdao University, Qingdao University, Qingdao 266071, China; Cancer institute, Qingdao University, Qingdao 266071, China
| | - Li Sun
- The Affiliated Hospital of Qingdao University, Qingdao University, Qingdao 266071, China; Cancer institute, Qingdao University, Qingdao 266071, China
| | - Lei Zhang
- Department of Chemical Engineering and Waterloo Institute for Nanotechnology, University of Waterloo, Waterloo, Ontario N2L3G1, Canada
| | - Kunyue Xing
- Alliance Manchester Business School, The University of Manchester, Manchester M139PL, UK
| | - Xiaokun Hu
- Department of Interventional Medical Center, Affiliated Hospital of Qingdao University, Qingdao 26600, China
| | - Jiazhen Xu
- The Affiliated Hospital of Qingdao University, Qingdao University, Qingdao 266071, China; Cancer institute, Qingdao University, Qingdao 266071, China.
| | - Dongming Xing
- The Affiliated Hospital of Qingdao University, Qingdao University, Qingdao 266071, China; Cancer institute, Qingdao University, Qingdao 266071, China; School of Life Sciences, Tsinghua University, Beijing 100084, China.
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164
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Li B, Lu M, Zhou T, Bu M, Gu W, Wang J, Zhu Q, Liu X, Ta D. Removing Artifacts in Transcranial Photoacoustic Imaging With Polarized Self-Attention Dense-UNet. ULTRASOUND IN MEDICINE & BIOLOGY 2024:S0301-5629(24)00251-5. [PMID: 39013725 DOI: 10.1016/j.ultrasmedbio.2024.06.006] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/05/2024] [Revised: 05/28/2024] [Accepted: 06/16/2024] [Indexed: 07/18/2024]
Abstract
OBJECTIVE Photoacoustic imaging (PAI) is a promising transcranial imaging technique. However, the distortion of photoacoustic signals induced by the skull significantly influences its imaging quality. We aimed to use deep learning for removing artifacts in PAI. METHODS In this study, we propose a polarized self-attention dense U-Net, termed PSAD-UNet, to correct the distortion and accurately recover imaged objects beneath bone plates. To evaluate the performance of the proposed method, a series of experiments was performed using a custom-built PAI system. RESULTS The experimental results showed that the proposed PSAD-UNet method could effectively implement transcranial PAI through a one- or two-layer bone plate. Compared with the conventional delay-and-sum and classical U-Net methods, PSAD-UNet can diminish the influence of bone plates and provide high-quality PAI results in terms of structural similarity and peak signal-to-noise ratio. The 3-D experimental results further confirm the feasibility of PSAD-UNet in 3-D transcranial imaging. CONCLUSION PSAD-UNet paves the way for implementing transcranial PAI with high imaging accuracy, which reveals broad application prospects in preclinical and clinical fields.
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Affiliation(s)
- Boyi Li
- Academy for Engineering and Technology, Fudan University, Shanghai 200438, China
| | - Mengyang Lu
- Academy for Engineering and Technology, Fudan University, Shanghai 200438, China
| | - Tianhua Zhou
- Department of Biomedical Engineering, School of Information Science and Technology, Fudan University, Shanghai 200438, China
| | - Mengxu Bu
- Academy for Engineering and Technology, Fudan University, Shanghai 200438, China
| | - Wenting Gu
- Academy for Engineering and Technology, Fudan University, Shanghai 200438, China
| | - Junyi Wang
- Department of Biomedical Engineering, School of Information Science and Technology, Fudan University, Shanghai 200438, China
| | - Qiuchen Zhu
- Academy for Engineering and Technology, Fudan University, Shanghai 200438, China
| | - Xin Liu
- Academy for Engineering and Technology, Fudan University, Shanghai 200438, China.
| | - Dean Ta
- Academy for Engineering and Technology, Fudan University, Shanghai 200438, China; Department of Biomedical Engineering, School of Information Science and Technology, Fudan University, Shanghai 200438, China
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165
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Khodadadi Yazdi M, Seidi F, Hejna A, Zarrintaj P, Rabiee N, Kucinska-Lipka J, Saeb MR, Bencherif SA. Tailor-Made Polysaccharides for Biomedical Applications. ACS APPLIED BIO MATERIALS 2024; 7:4193-4230. [PMID: 38958361 PMCID: PMC11253104 DOI: 10.1021/acsabm.3c01199] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/17/2023] [Revised: 05/28/2024] [Accepted: 05/28/2024] [Indexed: 07/04/2024]
Abstract
Polysaccharides (PSAs) are carbohydrate-based macromolecules widely used in the biomedical field, either in their pure form or in blends/nanocomposites with other materials. The relationship between structure, properties, and functions has inspired scientists to design multifunctional PSAs for various biomedical applications by incorporating unique molecular structures and targeted bulk properties. Multiple strategies, such as conjugation, grafting, cross-linking, and functionalization, have been explored to control their mechanical properties, electrical conductivity, hydrophilicity, degradability, rheological features, and stimuli-responsiveness. For instance, custom-made PSAs are known for their worldwide biomedical applications in tissue engineering, drug/gene delivery, and regenerative medicine. Furthermore, the remarkable advancements in supramolecular engineering and chemistry have paved the way for mission-oriented biomaterial synthesis and the fabrication of customized biomaterials. These materials can synergistically combine the benefits of biology and chemistry to tackle important biomedical questions. Herein, we categorize and summarize PSAs based on their synthesis methods, and explore the main strategies used to customize their chemical structures. We then highlight various properties of PSAs using practical examples. Lastly, we thoroughly describe the biomedical applications of tailor-made PSAs, along with their current existing challenges and potential future directions.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mohsen Khodadadi Yazdi
- Division
of Electrochemistry and Surface Physical Chemistry, Faculty of Applied
Physics and Mathematics, Gdańsk University
of Technology, Narutowicza
11/12, 80-233 Gdańsk, Poland
- Advanced
Materials Center, Gdańsk University
of Technology, Narutowicza
11/12, 80-233 Gdańsk, Poland
| | - Farzad Seidi
- Jiangsu
Co−Innovation Center for Efficient Processing and Utilization
of Forest Resources and International Innovation Center for Forest
Chemicals and Materials, Nanjing Forestry
University, Nanjing 210037, China
| | - Aleksander Hejna
- Institute
of Materials Technology, Poznan University
of Technology, PL-61-138 Poznań, Poland
| | - Payam Zarrintaj
- School
of Chemical Engineering, Oklahoma State
University, 420 Engineering
North, Stillwater, Oklahoma 74078, United States
| | - Navid Rabiee
- Department
of Biomaterials, Saveetha Dental College and Hospitals, SIMATS, Saveetha University, Chennai 600077, India
| | - Justyna Kucinska-Lipka
- Department
of Polymer Technology, Faculty of Chemistry, Gdańsk University of Technology, 80-233 Gdańsk, Poland
| | - Mohammad Reza Saeb
- Department
of Pharmaceutical Chemistry, Medical University
of Gdańsk, J.
Hallera 107, 80-416 Gdańsk, Poland
| | - Sidi A. Bencherif
- Chemical
Engineering Department, Northeastern University, Boston, Massachusetts 02115, United States
- Department
of Bioengineering, Northeastern University, Boston, Massachusetts 02115, United States
- Harvard
John A. Paulson School of Engineering and Applied Sciences, Harvard University, Cambridge, Massachusetts 02138, United States
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166
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Mechó-García M, Arcas-Carbonell M, Orduna-Hospital E, Sánchez-Cano A, González-Méijome JM. The Influence of Accommodative Demand on Ocular Aberrations: A Study of Zernike Coefficients Repeatability and Variability. Curr Eye Res 2024:1-10. [PMID: 39004896 DOI: 10.1080/02713683.2024.2378009] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/16/2024] [Accepted: 07/03/2024] [Indexed: 07/16/2024]
Abstract
PURPOSE To evaluate the repeatability of the Zernike coefficients in healthy eyes when monocular accommodation was stimulated at different vergences demands. METHODS A total of 36 right eyes from healthy volunteers were prospectively and consecutively recruited for this study. Wavefront aberrometry was conducted to objectively characterize the ocular optical quality during accommodation, from the individual's far point to a 5 D accommodation demand in steps of 0.5 D. The repeatability of Zernike coefficients up to the fourth order was assessed by calculating the within-eye repeatability (Sw), the coefficient of repeatability (CR), the coefficient of variation (CV), and the intraclass correlation coefficient (ICC) as an indicator of measurement reliability. RESULTS Correlation among repeated measurements showed high reliability (ICC > 0.513) for all parameters measured except some fourth-order Zernike coefficients, C(4, -4) (ICC < 0.766), C(4, -2) (ICC < 0.875), C(4, 2) (ICC < 0.778) and C(4, 4) (ICC < 0.811). Greater repeatability and less variability were obtained for high-order Zernike coefficients (CR < 0.154), although an increase in CR in the coefficients analyzed was observed with increasing accommodative demand. No clear trend was evident in CV; however, it was observed that the low-order Zernike coefficients exhibit lower CV (CV < 1.93) compared to the high-order Zernike coefficients (CV > 0). CONCLUSIONS The reliability of Zernike coefficients up to the fourth order in healthy young individuals demonstrated a strong consistency in measuring terms up to the fourth order, with more variability observed for high-order terms. The Zernike coefficients up to the third order exhibited the highest level of repeatability.
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Affiliation(s)
- María Mechó-García
- Clinical & Experimental Optometry Research Lab, Physics Center of Minho, and Porto Universities (CF-UM-UP), School of Sciences, University of Minho, Braga, Portugal
| | - María Arcas-Carbonell
- Departamento de Física Aplicada, Universidad de Zaragoza, Zaragoza, España
- Aragon Health Research Institute (IIS Aragon), Zaragoza, Aragon, Spain
| | - Elvira Orduna-Hospital
- Departamento de Física Aplicada, Universidad de Zaragoza, Zaragoza, España
- Aragon Health Research Institute (IIS Aragon), Zaragoza, Aragon, Spain
| | - Ana Sánchez-Cano
- Departamento de Física Aplicada, Universidad de Zaragoza, Zaragoza, España
- Aragon Health Research Institute (IIS Aragon), Zaragoza, Aragon, Spain
| | - José Manuel González-Méijome
- Clinical & Experimental Optometry Research Lab, Physics Center of Minho, and Porto Universities (CF-UM-UP), School of Sciences, University of Minho, Braga, Portugal
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167
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Dash S, Biswas J, Goswami S, Mukherjee S, Ganguli N, Duraivelan K, Mondal S, Mukhopadhyay R, Samanta D. Molecular Crosstalk Between Adherens Junction Proteins, E-cadherin and Nectin-4. J Mol Biol 2024; 436:168709. [PMID: 39009071 DOI: 10.1016/j.jmb.2024.168709] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/07/2024] [Revised: 07/10/2024] [Accepted: 07/10/2024] [Indexed: 07/17/2024]
Abstract
Cell-cell junctions formed by the association of cell adhesion molecules facilitate physiological events necessary for growth and development of multicellular organisms. Among them, cadherins and nectins organize and assemble to form adherens junction, which thereby mechanically couples interacting cells. A detailed understanding of the crosstalk involving these cell adhesion molecules is fundamental to the study of the various developmental processes. Although, cadherins and nectins can recruit each other in the adherens junction through an interplay of cytoplasmic adaptor molecules, here, we report a direct interaction between N-terminal extracellular domains of E-cadherin and nectin-4 as demonstrated by surface plasmon resonance (SPR) and Atomic Force Microscopy (AFM)-based single molecule force spectroscopy (SMFS). Kinetic studies using SPR demonstrate the binding between the ectodomains of E-cadherin and nectin-4 with a KD of 3.7 ± 0.7 µM and KD of 5.4 ± 0.2 µM (reciprocal experiment). AFM-based SMFS experiments also support interaction between the ectodomains of E-cadherin and nectin-4 with the koff value of 31.48 ± 1.53 s-1 and the lifetime of the complex of 0.036 ± 0.0026 s. We thus propose a cell adhesion mechanism mediated by E-cadherin and nectin-4, which can have functional significance in early embryogenesis as evident from the expression pattern of both the proteins during early development.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sagarika Dash
- Department of Bioscience and Biotechnology, Indian Institute of Technology Kharagpur, Kharagpur 721302, West Bengal, India
| | - Jayita Biswas
- School of Biological Sciences, Indian Association for the Cultivation of Science, 2A & 2B, Raja Subodh Chandra Mallick Road, Jadavpur, Kolkata 700032, West Bengal, India
| | - Saumyadeep Goswami
- Department of Bioscience and Biotechnology, Indian Institute of Technology Kharagpur, Kharagpur 721302, West Bengal, India
| | - Sarbartha Mukherjee
- Department of Bioscience and Biotechnology, Indian Institute of Technology Kharagpur, Kharagpur 721302, West Bengal, India
| | - Namrata Ganguli
- Department of Bioscience and Biotechnology, Indian Institute of Technology Kharagpur, Kharagpur 721302, West Bengal, India
| | - Kheerthana Duraivelan
- Department of Bioscience and Biotechnology, Indian Institute of Technology Kharagpur, Kharagpur 721302, West Bengal, India
| | - Sourav Mondal
- School of Biological Sciences, Indian Association for the Cultivation of Science, 2A & 2B, Raja Subodh Chandra Mallick Road, Jadavpur, Kolkata 700032, West Bengal, India
| | - Rupa Mukhopadhyay
- School of Biological Sciences, Indian Association for the Cultivation of Science, 2A & 2B, Raja Subodh Chandra Mallick Road, Jadavpur, Kolkata 700032, West Bengal, India.
| | - Dibyendu Samanta
- Department of Bioscience and Biotechnology, Indian Institute of Technology Kharagpur, Kharagpur 721302, West Bengal, India.
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168
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Molinski JH, Parwal S, Zhang JXJ. Laser-Patterning of Micromagnets for Immuno-Magnetophoretic Exosome Capture. SMALL METHODS 2024:e2400388. [PMID: 39003624 DOI: 10.1002/smtd.202400388] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/17/2024] [Revised: 06/23/2024] [Indexed: 07/15/2024]
Abstract
Efficient isolation and patterning of biomolecules is a vital step within sample preparation for biomolecular analysis, with numerous diagnostic and therapeutic applications. For exosomes, nanoscale lipid-bound biomolecules, efficient isolation is challenging due to their minute size and resultant behavior within biofluids. This study presents a method for the rapid isolation and patterning of magnetically tagged exosomes via rationally designed micromagnets. Micromagnet fabrication utilizes a novel, scalable, and high-throughput laser-based fabrication approach that enables patterning at microscale lateral resolution (<50 µm) without lithographic processing and is agnostic to micromagnet geometry. Laser-based processing allows for flexible and tunable device configurations, and herein magnetophoretic capture within both an open-air microwell and an enclosed microfluidic system is demonstrated. Patterned micromagnets enhance localized gradient fields throughout the fluid medium, resulting in rapid and high efficiency magnetophoretic separation, with capture efficiencies nearing 70% after just 1s within open-air microwells, and throughputs upward of 3 mL h-1 within enclosed microfluidic systems. Using this microchip architecture, immunomagnetic exosome isolation and patterning directly from undiluted plasma samples is further achieved. Lastly, a FEA-based modeling workflow is introduced to characterize and optimize micromagnet unit cells, simulating magnetophoretic capture zones for a given micromagnet geometry.
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Affiliation(s)
- John H Molinski
- Thayer School of Engineering at Dartmouth, Hanover, NH, 03755, USA
| | - Siddhant Parwal
- Thayer School of Engineering at Dartmouth, Hanover, NH, 03755, USA
| | - John X J Zhang
- Thayer School of Engineering at Dartmouth, Hanover, NH, 03755, USA
- Dartmouth Cancer Center, Dartmouth Health, Lebanon, NH, 03766, USA
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169
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Natsuhara D, Kiba Y, Saito R, Okamoto S, Nagai M, Yamauchi Y, Kitamura M, Shibata T. A sequential liquid dispensing method in a centrifugal microfluidic device operating at a constant rotational speed for the multiplexed genetic detection of foodborne pathogens. RSC Adv 2024; 14:22606-22617. [PMID: 39021458 PMCID: PMC11253859 DOI: 10.1039/d4ra04055d] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/03/2024] [Accepted: 07/10/2024] [Indexed: 07/20/2024] Open
Abstract
This study proposes a sequential liquid dispensing method using a centrifugal microfluidic device operating at a constant rotational speed for the multiplexed genetic detection of nucleic acid targets across multiple samples in a single operation. A pair of passive valves integrated into each microchamber enabled the liquid to fill towards the center of rotation against the centrifugal force, facilitating the complete removal of air inside the microchamber. Liquid manipulation can be achievable without any surface coating of the device by exploiting the inherent hydrophobicity of the polymer. Furthermore, design guidelines for the optimization of microfluidic devices are clarified. Consequently, our proposed method allows direct liquid dispensing into the reaction chambers without cross-contamination while simultaneously metering the sample/reagent volume for the colorimetric loop-mediated isothermal amplification (LAMP) reaction. In addition, we demonstrated the simultaneous detection of four foodborne pathogens (Salmonella spp., Vibrio parahaemolyticus, Campylobacter spp., and norovirus genogroup II (GII)) across four samples in a centrifugal microfluidic device within 60 min. Furthermore, the device exhibited high quantitation (R 2 > 0.98) of the DNA concentration in the sample. Our proposed method enables a more compact design by eliminating the need for metering chambers and offers a point-of-care testing platform with high simplicity as it operates at a constant rotational speed.
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Affiliation(s)
- Daigo Natsuhara
- Department of Materials Process Engineering, Graduate School of Engineering, Nagoya University Nagoya Aichi 464-8603 Japan
| | - Yuka Kiba
- Faculty of Pharmacy and Pharmaceutical Sciences, Josai University Sakado Saitama 350-0295 Japan
| | - Ryogo Saito
- Department of Mechanical Engineering, Toyohashi University of Technology Toyohashi Aichi 441-8580 Japan
| | - Shunya Okamoto
- Department of Mechanical Engineering, Toyohashi University of Technology Toyohashi Aichi 441-8580 Japan
| | - Moeto Nagai
- Department of Mechanical Engineering, Toyohashi University of Technology Toyohashi Aichi 441-8580 Japan
- Institute for Research on Next-generation Semiconductor and Sensing Science (IRES2), Toyohashi University of Technology Aichi 441-8580 Japan
| | - Yusuke Yamauchi
- Department of Materials Process Engineering, Graduate School of Engineering, Nagoya University Nagoya Aichi 464-8603 Japan
- Australian Institute for Bioengineering and Nanotechnology (AIBN), The University of Queensland St. Lucia QLD 4072 Australia
| | - Masashi Kitamura
- Faculty of Pharmacy and Pharmaceutical Sciences, Josai University Sakado Saitama 350-0295 Japan
| | - Takayuki Shibata
- Department of Mechanical Engineering, Toyohashi University of Technology Toyohashi Aichi 441-8580 Japan
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Koh NYY, Miszkiewicz JJ, Fac ML, Wee NKY, Sims NA. Preclinical Rodent Models for Human Bone Disease, Including a Focus on Cortical Bone. Endocr Rev 2024; 45:493-520. [PMID: 38315213 PMCID: PMC11244217 DOI: 10.1210/endrev/bnae004] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/15/2023] [Revised: 11/22/2023] [Accepted: 02/02/2024] [Indexed: 02/07/2024]
Abstract
Preclinical models (typically ovariectomized rats and genetically altered mice) have underpinned much of what we know about skeletal biology. They have been pivotal for developing therapies for osteoporosis and monogenic skeletal conditions, including osteogenesis imperfecta, achondroplasia, hypophosphatasia, and craniodysplasias. Further therapeutic advances, particularly to improve cortical strength, require improved understanding and more rigorous use and reporting. We describe here how trabecular and cortical bone structure develop, are maintained, and degenerate with aging in mice, rats, and humans, and how cortical bone structure is changed in some preclinical models of endocrine conditions (eg, postmenopausal osteoporosis, chronic kidney disease, hyperparathyroidism, diabetes). We provide examples of preclinical models used to identify and test current therapies for osteoporosis, and discuss common concerns raised when comparing rodent preclinical models to the human skeleton. We focus especially on cortical bone, because it differs between small and larger mammals in its organizational structure. We discuss mechanisms common to mouse and human controlling cortical bone strength and structure, including recent examples revealing genetic contributors to cortical porosity and osteocyte network configurations during growth, maturity, and aging. We conclude with guidelines for clear reporting on mouse models with a goal for better consistency in the use and interpretation of these models.
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Affiliation(s)
- Natalie Y Y Koh
- Bone Cell Biology & Disease Unit, St. Vincent's Institute of Medical Research, Fitzroy, VIC 3065, Australia
- Department of Medicine at St. Vincent's Hospital, The University of Melbourne, Fitzroy, VIC 3065, Australia
| | - Justyna J Miszkiewicz
- School of Social Science, The University of Queensland, Brisbane, QLD 4072, Australia
- Vertebrate Evolution Development and Ecology, Naturalis Biodiversity Center, 2333 CR Leiden, The Netherlands
| | - Mary Louise Fac
- Bone Cell Biology & Disease Unit, St. Vincent's Institute of Medical Research, Fitzroy, VIC 3065, Australia
- Department of Medicine at St. Vincent's Hospital, The University of Melbourne, Fitzroy, VIC 3065, Australia
| | - Natalie K Y Wee
- Bone Cell Biology & Disease Unit, St. Vincent's Institute of Medical Research, Fitzroy, VIC 3065, Australia
- Department of Medicine at St. Vincent's Hospital, The University of Melbourne, Fitzroy, VIC 3065, Australia
| | - Natalie A Sims
- Bone Cell Biology & Disease Unit, St. Vincent's Institute of Medical Research, Fitzroy, VIC 3065, Australia
- Department of Medicine at St. Vincent's Hospital, The University of Melbourne, Fitzroy, VIC 3065, Australia
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171
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Bao Z, Chen Y, Li J, Cai J, Yang J, Zhai P, Zhao B, Wu X. 4D label-free quantitative proteomic analysis identifies CRABP1 as a novel candidate gene for litter size in rabbits†. Biol Reprod 2024; 111:110-122. [PMID: 38478424 DOI: 10.1093/biolre/ioae038] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/30/2023] [Revised: 12/29/2023] [Accepted: 03/01/2024] [Indexed: 07/16/2024] Open
Abstract
In commercial rabbit breeding, litter size is a crucial reproductive trait. This trait directly determines the reproductive ability of female rabbits and is crucial for evaluating the production efficiency. We here compared differentially expressed proteins of in the ovary tissue from New Zealand female rabbits with high (H) and low (L) litter sizes by using 4D label-free quantitative proteomic technology and identified 92 differential proteins. The biological functions of these proteins were revealed through gene ontology (GO) and Kyoto Encyclopedia of Genes and Genomes (KEGG) enrichment analyses. Most distributions of GO and KEGG were related to reproduction, growth development, and metabolism. Furthermore, a novel candidate gene cellular retinoic acid binding protein-1 (CRABP1), which was highly expressed in the L group, was selected for further biological function verification. The Cell Counting Kit-8 (CCK-8) assay and flow cytometry analysis revealed that CRABP1 can promote granulosa cell (GC) apoptosis and inhibit GC proliferation. Furthermore, qRT-PCR and western blotting analysis revealed that CRABP1 regulates the genes (HSD17B1, Wnt-10b, FSHR, TAF4B, BMP15, and BMP6) and protein (Wnt-10b) associated with steroid hormone synthesis and follicle development. The PCR product direct sequencing method revealed single nucleotide polymorphisms in the core promoter region of CRABP1. Luciferase activity assays revealed that the transcriptional activity of the GG genotype was significantly higher than that of the TT or TG genotype. Different genotypes are accompanied by changes in transcription factors, which indicates that T-359G polymorphism can regulate CRABP1 expression. In general, we identified litter size-related genes and revealed the mechanism underlying the effect of CRABP1 on litter size. CRABP1 serves as a key factor in the reproductive capacity of rabbits and can act as a molecular biomarker for the breeding of New Zealand rabbits.
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Affiliation(s)
- Zhiyuan Bao
- College of Animal Science and Technology, Yangzhou University, Yangzhou, Jiangsu, China
| | - Yang Chen
- College of Animal Science and Technology, Yangzhou University, Yangzhou, Jiangsu, China
- Joint International Research Laboratory of Agriculture & Agri-Product Safety, Yangzhou University, Yangzhou, Jiangsu, China
| | - Jiali Li
- College of Animal Science and Technology, Yangzhou University, Yangzhou, Jiangsu, China
| | - Jiawei Cai
- College of Animal Science and Technology, Yangzhou University, Yangzhou, Jiangsu, China
| | - Jie Yang
- College of Animal Science and Technology, Yangzhou University, Yangzhou, Jiangsu, China
| | - Pin Zhai
- Institute of Animal Science, Jiangsu Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Nanjing, China
| | - Bohao Zhao
- College of Animal Science and Technology, Yangzhou University, Yangzhou, Jiangsu, China
- Joint International Research Laboratory of Agriculture & Agri-Product Safety, Yangzhou University, Yangzhou, Jiangsu, China
| | - Xinsheng Wu
- College of Animal Science and Technology, Yangzhou University, Yangzhou, Jiangsu, China
- Joint International Research Laboratory of Agriculture & Agri-Product Safety, Yangzhou University, Yangzhou, Jiangsu, China
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172
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Zhang X, Li W, Wang X, Lin J, Dang C, Diao D. Effectiveness of D-dimer in predicting distant metastasis in colorectal cancer. PLoS One 2024; 19:e0306909. [PMID: 38995895 PMCID: PMC11244829 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0306909] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/03/2024] [Accepted: 06/25/2024] [Indexed: 07/14/2024] Open
Abstract
PURPOSE Patients with cancer often present with a hypercoagulable state, which is closely associated with tumor progression. The purpose of this study was to assess the diagnostic efficacy of D-dimer in predicting distant metastasis in colorectal cancer (CRC). METHODS This study included 529 patients diagnosed with CRC at our hospital between January 2020 and December 2022. Plasma coagulation indicators and tumor markers were collected prior to treatment and their diagnostic efficacy for predicting CRC metastasis was assessed by receiver operating characteristic (ROC) curves. Independent risk factors for evaluating tumor metastasis were obtained by multivariate logistic regression analysis. RESULTS The level of D-dimer in the metastatic group was significantly higher than that in the non-metastatic group (P<0.001). The results of the multiple logistic regression analysis indicated that lower level of prealbumin and platelet, and higher level of glucose, CEA and D-dimer were independent risk factors for distant metastasis in patients with CRC (P<0.05, respectively). The combination of prealbumin, glucose, D-dimer, platelet and tumor markers (PRE2) was found to be significantly more effective in predicting metastasis of CRC when compared to the combination of tumor marker alone (PRE1, P<0.001). CONCLUSION Plasma D-dimer may be a novel tumor marker for screening metastases of CRC.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xin Zhang
- Department of Oncology Surgery, First Affiliated Hospital of Xi'an Jiaotong University, Xi'an, Shaanxi, China
| | - Wenxing Li
- Department of Radiotherapy, Oncology Department, The First Affiliated Hospital of Xi 'an Jiaotong University, Xi'an, Shaanxi, China
| | - Xuan Wang
- Department of Oncology Surgery, First Affiliated Hospital of Xi'an Jiaotong University, Xi'an, Shaanxi, China
| | - Jinhe Lin
- Department of Oncology Surgery, First Affiliated Hospital of Xi'an Jiaotong University, Xi'an, Shaanxi, China
| | - Chengxue Dang
- Department of Oncology Surgery, First Affiliated Hospital of Xi'an Jiaotong University, Xi'an, Shaanxi, China
| | - Dongmei Diao
- Department of Oncology Surgery, First Affiliated Hospital of Xi'an Jiaotong University, Xi'an, Shaanxi, China
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Reiss LAJ, Lawrence MB, Omelchenko IA, He W, Kirk JR. Chronic Electro-Acoustic Stimulation May Interfere With Electric Threshold Recovery After Cochlear Implantation in the Aged Guinea Pig. Ear Hear 2024:00003446-990000000-00310. [PMID: 38992863 DOI: 10.1097/aud.0000000000001545] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 07/13/2024]
Abstract
OBJECTIVES Electro-acoustic stimulation (EAS) combines electric stimulation via a cochlear implant (CI) with residual low-frequency acoustic hearing, with benefits for music appreciation and speech perception in noise. However, many EAS CI users lose residual acoustic hearing, reducing this benefit. The main objectives of this study were to determine whether chronic EAS leads to more hearing loss compared with CI surgery alone in an aged guinea pig model, and to assess the relationship of any hearing loss to histology measures. Conversely, it is also important to understand factors impacting efficacy of electric stimulation. If one contributor to CI-induced hearing loss is damage to the auditory nerve, both acoustic and electric thresholds will be affected. Excitotoxicity from EAS may also affect electric thresholds, while electric stimulation is osteogenic and may increase electrode impedances. Hence, secondary objectives were to assess how electric thresholds are related to the amount of residual hearing loss after CI surgery, and how EAS affects electric thresholds and impedances over time. DESIGN Two groups of guinea pigs, aged 9 to 21 months, were implanted with a CI in the left ear. Preoperatively, the animals had a range of hearing losses, as expected for an aged cohort. At 4 weeks after surgery, the EAS group (n = 5) received chronic EAS for 8 hours a day, 5 days a week, for 20 weeks via a tether system that allowed for free movement during stimulation. The nonstimulated group (NS; n = 6) received no EAS over the same timeframe. Auditory brainstem responses (ABRs) and electrically evoked ABRs (EABRs) were recorded at 3 to 4 week intervals to assess changes in acoustic and electric thresholds over time. At 24 weeks after surgery, cochlear tissue was harvested for histological evaluation, only analyzing animals without electrode extrusions (n = 4 per ear). RESULTS Cochlear implantation led to an immediate worsening of ABR thresholds peaking between 3 and 5 weeks after surgery and then recovering and stabilizing by 5 and 8 weeks. Significantly greater ABR threshold shifts were seen in the implanted ears compared with contralateral, non-implanted control ears after surgery. After EAS and termination, no significant additional ABR threshold shifts were seen in the EAS group compared with the NS group. A surprising finding was that NS animals had significantly greater recovery in EABR thresholds over time, with decreases (improvements) of -51.8 ± 33.0 and -39.0 ± 37.3 c.u. at 12 and 24 weeks, respectively, compared with EAS animals with EABR threshold increases (worsening) of +1.0 ± 25.6 and 12.8 ± 44.3 c.u. at 12 and 24 weeks. Impedance changes over time did not differ significantly between groups. After exclusion of cases with electrode extrusion or significant trauma, no significant correlations were seen between ABR and EABR thresholds, or between ABR thresholds with histology measures of inner/outer hair cell counts, synaptic ribbon counts, stria vascularis capillary diameters, or spiral ganglion cell density. CONCLUSIONS The findings do not indicate that EAS significantly disrupts acoustic hearing, although the small sample size limits this interpretation. No evidence of associations between hair cell, synaptic ribbon, spiral ganglion cell, or stria vascularis with hearing loss after cochlear implantation was seen when surgical trauma is minimized. In cases of major trauma, both acoustic thresholds and electric thresholds were elevated, which may explain why CI-only outcomes are often better when trauma and hearing loss are minimized. Surprisingly, chronic EAS (or electric stimulation alone) may negatively impact electric thresholds, possibly by prevention of recovery of the auditory nerve after CI surgery. More research is needed to confirm the potentially negative impact of chronic EAS on electric threshold recovery.
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Affiliation(s)
- Lina A J Reiss
- Department of Otolaryngology-Head and Neck Surgery, Oregon Health & Science University, Portland, Oregon, USA
| | - Melissa B Lawrence
- Department of Otolaryngology-Head and Neck Surgery, Oregon Health & Science University, Portland, Oregon, USA
| | - Irina A Omelchenko
- Department of Otolaryngology-Head and Neck Surgery, Oregon Health & Science University, Portland, Oregon, USA
| | - Wenxuan He
- Department of Otolaryngology-Head and Neck Surgery, Oregon Health & Science University, Portland, Oregon, USA
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Nasiruddin M, Wang Z, Waizumi H, Afroz FT, Takaoka T, Sainoo Y, Fukuyama M, Komeda T. Photo-switching operation of MoS 2field effect transistor by photoisomerization of azobenzene in solution delivered on a microfluidic platform. NANOTECHNOLOGY 2024; 35:395501. [PMID: 38955169 DOI: 10.1088/1361-6528/ad5dc0] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/26/2024] [Accepted: 07/02/2024] [Indexed: 07/04/2024]
Abstract
Combining the photoisomerization of molecules with an electrical device is important for developing optoelectronic devices. Field effect transistors (FETs) with atomically thin channels are suitable for this purpose because the FET properties respond to chemical changes in molecules. Since the photoisomerization wavelength of the switching molecules can be tuned, complex logic operations can be realized if a specific molecule is delivered to the target FET of an integrated circuit. However, conventional techniques for transferring molecules, such as drop casting and sublimation, cannot efficiently realize this goal. In this study, we fabricated a MoS2FET device combined with a microfluidic platform, wherein the MoS2channel was in contact with the flow of an azobenzene solution in isopropyl alcohol as the solvent. UV radiation (365 nm) and thermal relaxation realize the cycle of trans- and cis-azobenzene states and the switching of the substantial FET properties. This study demonstrated the feasibility of using the solution for optical switching of the MoS2-FET, which can realize quick phase changes in the molecule and the delivery of the molecule to the target FET by a microfluidic platform.
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Affiliation(s)
- Md Nasiruddin
- Department of Chemistry, Graduate School of Science, Tohoku University, 6-3, Aramaki Aza-Aoba, Aoba-ku, Sendai 980-8578, Japan
| | - Zhipeng Wang
- Department of Chemistry, Graduate School of Science, Tohoku University, 6-3, Aramaki Aza-Aoba, Aoba-ku, Sendai 980-8578, Japan
| | - Hiroki Waizumi
- Department of Chemistry, Graduate School of Science, Tohoku University, 6-3, Aramaki Aza-Aoba, Aoba-ku, Sendai 980-8578, Japan
| | - Fatema Tul Afroz
- Department of Chemistry, Graduate School of Science, Tohoku University, 6-3, Aramaki Aza-Aoba, Aoba-ku, Sendai 980-8578, Japan
| | - Tsuyoshi Takaoka
- Institute of Multidisciplinary Research for Advanced Materials (IMRAM, Tagen), Tohoku University, 2-1-1, Katahira, Aoba-Ku, Sendai 980-8577, Japan
| | - Yasuyuki Sainoo
- Institute of Multidisciplinary Research for Advanced Materials (IMRAM, Tagen), Tohoku University, 2-1-1, Katahira, Aoba-Ku, Sendai 980-8577, Japan
| | - Mao Fukuyama
- Institute of Multidisciplinary Research for Advanced Materials (IMRAM, Tagen), Tohoku University, 2-1-1, Katahira, Aoba-Ku, Sendai 980-8577, Japan
| | - Tadahiro Komeda
- Institute of Multidisciplinary Research for Advanced Materials (IMRAM, Tagen), Tohoku University, 2-1-1, Katahira, Aoba-Ku, Sendai 980-8577, Japan
- Center for Spintronics Research Network, Tohoku University, 2-1-1 Katahira, Aoba-ku, Sendai 980-8577, Japan
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175
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Huet D, Jeffers V. Seeing the unseen: illuminating Toxoplasma gondii's metabolic manipulation. mBio 2024:e0121124. [PMID: 38995035 DOI: 10.1128/mbio.01211-24] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 07/13/2024] Open
Abstract
Intracellular infection by a pathogen induces significant rewiring of host cell signaling and biological processes. Understanding how an intracellular pathogen such as Toxoplasma gondii modulates host cell metabolism with single-cell resolution has been challenged by the variability of infection within cultures and difficulties in separating host and parasite metabolic processes. A new study from Gallego-Lopez and colleagues (G. M. Gallego-López, E. C. Guzman, D. E. Desa, L. J. Knoll, M. C. Skala, mBio e00727-24, 2024, https://doi.org/10.1128/mbio.00727-24) applies a quantitative imaging approach to evaluate the host cell metabolism during intracellular infection with Toxoplasma. This study provides important insights into host metabolic responses to Toxoplasma infection and offers a valuable tool to dissect the mechanisms underlying parasite infection and pathophysiology.
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Affiliation(s)
- Diego Huet
- Center for Tropical and Emerging Global Diseases, University of Georgia, Athens, Georgia, USA
- Department of Pharmaceutical and Biomedical Sciences, University of Georgia, Athens, Georgia, USA
| | - Victoria Jeffers
- Department of Molecular, Cellular and Biomedical Sciences, University of New Hampshire, Durham, New Hampshire, USA
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176
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Barekatrezaei S, Kozegar E, Salamati M, Soryani M. Mass detection in automated three dimensional breast ultrasound using cascaded convolutional neural networks. Phys Med 2024; 124:103433. [PMID: 39002423 DOI: 10.1016/j.ejmp.2024.103433] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/21/2023] [Revised: 07/03/2024] [Accepted: 07/08/2024] [Indexed: 07/15/2024] Open
Abstract
PURPOSE Early detection of breast cancer has a significant effect on reducing its mortality rate. For this purpose, automated three-dimensional breast ultrasound (3-D ABUS) has been recently used alongside mammography. The 3-D volume produced in this imaging system includes many slices. The radiologist must review all the slices to find the mass, a time-consuming task with a high probability of mistakes. Therefore, many computer-aided detection (CADe) systems have been developed to assist radiologists in this task. In this paper, we propose a novel CADe system for mass detection in 3-D ABUS images. METHODS The proposed system includes two cascaded convolutional neural networks. The goal of the first network is to achieve the highest possible sensitivity, and the second network's goal is to reduce false positives while maintaining high sensitivity. In both networks, an improved version of 3-D U-Net architecture is utilized in which two types of modified Inception modules are used in the encoder section. In the second network, new attention units are also added to the skip connections that receive the results of the first network as saliency maps. RESULTS The system was evaluated on a dataset containing 60 3-D ABUS volumes from 43 patients and 55 masses. A sensitivity of 91.48% and a mean false positive of 8.85 per patient were achieved. CONCLUSIONS The suggested mass detection system is fully automatic without any user interaction. The results indicate that the sensitivity and the mean FP per patient of the CADe system outperform competing techniques.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sepideh Barekatrezaei
- School of Computer Engineering, Iran University of Science and Technology, Tehran, Iran.
| | - Ehsan Kozegar
- Department of Computer Engineering and Engineering Sciences, Faculty of Technology and Engineering, University of Guilan, Rudsar-Vajargah, Guilan, Iran.
| | - Masoumeh Salamati
- Department of Reproductive Imaging, Reproductive Biomedicine Research Center, Royan Institute for Reproductive Biomedicine, ACECR, Tehran, Iran.
| | - Mohsen Soryani
- School of Computer Engineering, Iran University of Science and Technology, Tehran, Iran.
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177
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Paats JWD, Hamelmann NM, Paulusse JMJ. Dual-reactive single-chain polymer nanoparticles for orthogonal functionalization through active ester and click chemistry. J Control Release 2024; 373:117-127. [PMID: 38968970 DOI: 10.1016/j.jconrel.2024.07.003] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/20/2023] [Revised: 06/09/2024] [Accepted: 07/01/2024] [Indexed: 07/07/2024]
Abstract
Glucose has been extensively studied as a targeting ligand on nanoparticles for biomedical nanoparticles. A promising nanocarrier platform are single-chain polymer nanoparticles (SCNPs). SCNPs are well-defined 5-20 nm semi-flexible nano-objects, formed by intramolecularly crosslinked linear polymers. Functionality can be incorporated by introducing labile pentafluorophenyl (PFP) esters in the polymer backbone, which can be readily substituted by functional amine-ligands. However, not all ligands are compatible with PFP-chemistry, requiring different ligation strategies for increasing versatility of surface functionalization. Here, we combine active PFP-ester chemistry with copper(I)-catalyzed azide alkyne cycloaddition (CuAAC) click chemistry to yield dual-reactive SCNPs. First, the SCNPs are functionalized with increasing amounts of 1-amino-3-butyne groups through PFP-chemistry, leading to a range of butyne-SCNPs with increasing terminal alkyne-density. Subsequently, 3-azido-propylglucose is conjugated through the glucose C1- or C6-position by CuAAC click chemistry, yielding two sets of glyco-SCNPs. Cellular uptake is evaluated in HeLa cancer cells, revealing increased uptake upon higher glucose-surface density, with no apparent positional dependance. The general conjugation strategy proposed here can be readily extended to incorporate a wide variety of functional molecules to create vast libraries of multifunctional SCNPs.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jan-Willem D Paats
- Department of Molecules and Materials, MESA+ Institute for Nanotechnology and TechMed Institute for Health and Biomedical Technologies, Faculty of Science and Technology, University of Twente, P.O. Box 217, 7500, AE, Enschede, the Netherlands
| | - Naomi M Hamelmann
- Department of Molecules and Materials, MESA+ Institute for Nanotechnology and TechMed Institute for Health and Biomedical Technologies, Faculty of Science and Technology, University of Twente, P.O. Box 217, 7500, AE, Enschede, the Netherlands
| | - Jos M J Paulusse
- Department of Molecules and Materials, MESA+ Institute for Nanotechnology and TechMed Institute for Health and Biomedical Technologies, Faculty of Science and Technology, University of Twente, P.O. Box 217, 7500, AE, Enschede, the Netherlands.
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178
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Campea MA, Macdonald C, Hoare T. Supramolecularly-Cross-Linked Nanogel Assemblies for On-Demand, Ultrasound-Triggered Chemotherapy. Biomacromolecules 2024. [PMID: 38995854 DOI: 10.1021/acs.biomac.3c01432] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 07/14/2024]
Abstract
Stimulating the release of small nanoparticles (NPs) from a larger NP via the application of an exogenous stimulus offers the potential to address the different size requirements for circulation versus penetration that hinder chemotherapeutic drug delivery. Herein, we report a size-switching nanoassembly-based drug delivery system comprised of ultrasmall starch nanoparticles (SNPs, ∼20-50 nm major size fraction) encapsulated in a poly(oligo(ethylene glycol) methyl ether methacrylate) nanogel (POEGMA, ∼150 nm major size fraction) cross-linked via supramolecular PEG/α-cyclodextrin (α-CD) interactions. Upon heating the nanogel using a non-invasive, high-intensity focused ultrasound (HIFU) trigger, the thermoresponsive POEGMA-CD nanoassemblies are locally de-cross-linked, inducing in situ release of the highly penetrative drug-loaded SNPs. HIFU triggering increased the release of nanoassembly-loaded DOX from 17 to 37% after 3 h, a result correlated with significantly more effective tumor killing relative to nanoassemblies in the absence of HIFU or drug alone. Furthermore, 1.5× more total fluorescence was observed inside a tumor spheroid when nanoassemblies prepared with fluorophore-labeled SNPs were triggered with HIFU relative to the absence of HIFU. We anticipate this strategy holds promise for delivering tunable doses of chemotherapeutic drugs both at and within a tumor site using a non-invasive triggering approach.
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Affiliation(s)
- Matthew A Campea
- Department of Chemical Engineering, McMaster University, Hamilton, ON L8S 4L8, Canada
| | - Cameron Macdonald
- Department of Chemical Engineering, McMaster University, Hamilton, ON L8S 4L8, Canada
| | - Todd Hoare
- Department of Chemical Engineering, McMaster University, Hamilton, ON L8S 4L8, Canada
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179
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Kim KM, D'Elia AM, Rodell CB. Hydrogel-based approaches to target hypersensitivity mechanisms underlying autoimmune disease. Adv Drug Deliv Rev 2024:115395. [PMID: 39004347 DOI: 10.1016/j.addr.2024.115395] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/08/2023] [Revised: 06/23/2024] [Accepted: 07/08/2024] [Indexed: 07/16/2024]
Abstract
A robust adaptive immune response is essential for combatting pathogens. In the wrong context such as due to genetic and environmental factors, however, the same mechanisms crucial for self-preservation can lead to a loss of self-tolerance. Resulting autoimmunity manifests in the development of a host of organ-specific or systemic autoimmune diseases, hallmarked by aberrant immune responses and tissue damage. The prevalence of autoimmune diseases is on the rise, medical management of which focuses primarily on pharmacological immunosuppression that places patients at a risk of side effects, including opportunistic infections and tumorigenesis. Biomaterial-based drug delivery systems confer many opportunities to address challenges associated with conventional disease management. Hydrogels, in particular, can protect encapsulated cargo (drug or cell therapeutics) from the host environment, afford their presentation in a controlled manner, and can be tailored to respond to disease conditions or support treatment via multiplexed functionality. Moreover, localized delivery to affected sites by these approaches has the potential to concentrate drug action at the site, reduce off-target exposure, and enhance patient compliance by reducing the need for frequent administration. Despite their many benefits for the management of autoimmune disease, such biomaterial-based approaches focus largely on the downstream effects of hypersensitivity mechanisms and have a limited capacity to eradicate the disease. In contrast, direct targeting of mechanisms of hypersensitivity reactions uniquely enables prophylaxis or the arrest of disease progression by mitigating the basis of autoimmunity. One promising approach is to induce self-antigen-specific tolerance, which specifically subdues damaging autoreactivity while otherwise retaining the normal immune responses. In this review, we will discuss hydrogel-based systems for the treatment of autoimmune disease, with a focus on those that target hypersensitivity mechanisms head-on. As the field continues to advance, it will expand the range of therapeutic choices for people coping with autoimmune diseases, providing fresh prospects for better clinical outcomes and improved quality of life.
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Affiliation(s)
- Kenneth M Kim
- Department of Microbiology and Immunology, Drexel University College of Medicine, Philadelphia, PA, USA.
| | - Arielle M D'Elia
- School of Biomedical Engineering, Science and Health Systems, Drexel University, Philadelphia, PA, USA.
| | - Christopher B Rodell
- Department of Microbiology and Immunology, Drexel University College of Medicine, Philadelphia, PA, USA; School of Biomedical Engineering, Science and Health Systems, Drexel University, Philadelphia, PA, USA.
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180
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Liu X, Pei J, Zhao D, Yan Y. A novel strategy for calcium magnesium phosphate/carboxymethyl chitosan composite bone cements with enhanced physicochemical properties, excellent cytocompatibility and osteogenic differentiation. Biomed Mater 2024; 19:055014. [PMID: 38955344 DOI: 10.1088/1748-605x/ad5e2a] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/25/2024] [Accepted: 07/02/2024] [Indexed: 07/04/2024]
Abstract
Artificial bone substitutes for bone repair and reconstruction still face enormous challenges. Previous studies have shown that calcium magnesium phosphate cements (CMPCs) possess an excellent bioactive surface, but its clinical application is restricted due to short setting time. This study aimed to develop new CMPC/carboxymethyl chitosan (CMCS) comg of mixed powders of active MgO, calcined MgO and calcium dihydrogen phosphate monohydrate. With this novel strategy, it can adjust the setting time and improve the compressive strength. The results confirmed that CMPC/CMCS composite bone cements were successfully developed with a controllable setting time (18-70 min) and high compressive strength (87 MPa). In addition, the composite bone cements could gradually degrade in PBS with weight loss up to 32% at 28 d. They also promoted the proliferation of pre-osteoblasts, and induced osteogenic differentiation. The findings indicate that CMPC/CMCS composite bone cements hold great promise as a new type of bone repair material in further and in-depth studies.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xuesha Liu
- Collaborative Innovation Center of Tissue Repair Material of Sichuan Province, College of Life Sciences, China West Normal University, Nanchong 637009 Sichuan, People's Republic of China
| | - Juan Pei
- Collaborative Innovation Center of Tissue Repair Material of Sichuan Province, College of Life Sciences, China West Normal University, Nanchong 637009 Sichuan, People's Republic of China
| | - Dechuan Zhao
- Collaborative Innovation Center of Tissue Repair Material of Sichuan Province, College of Life Sciences, China West Normal University, Nanchong 637009 Sichuan, People's Republic of China
| | - Yonggang Yan
- College of Physics, Sichuan University, Chengdu 610064 Sichuan, People's Republic of China
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181
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Moradikhah F, Farahani M, Shafiee A. Towards the development of sensation-enabled skin substitutes. Biomater Sci 2024. [PMID: 38990154 DOI: 10.1039/d4bm00576g] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 07/12/2024]
Abstract
Recent advances in cell and biofabrication technologies have contributed to the development of complex human organs. In particular, several skin substitutes are being generated using tissue engineering and regenerative medicine (TERM) technologies. However, recent studies mainly focus on the restoration of the dermis and epidermis layers rather than the regeneration of a fully functional innervated skin organ. Innervation is a critical step in functional tissue repair which has been overlooked in the current TERM studies. In the current study, we highlight the importance of sensation in the skin as the largest sensory organ in the human body. In large non-healing skin wounds, the skin sensation is severely diminished or completely lost and ultimately lead to chronic pain and wound healing process interruption. Current therapeutics for restoring skin sensation after trauma are limited. Recent regenerative medicine-based studies could successfully induce neural networks in skin substitutes, but the effectiveness of these technologies in enhancing sensory capability needs further investigation.
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Affiliation(s)
- Farzad Moradikhah
- Department of Biomedical Engineering, Amirkabir University of Technology, Tehran, Iran
| | - Mojtaba Farahani
- Department of Biomedical Engineering, Amirkabir University of Technology, Tehran, Iran
- Institute of Biomaterials, University of Tehran & Tehran University of Medical Sciences (IBUTUMS), Tehran, Iran
| | - Abbas Shafiee
- Frazer Institute, Faculty of Medicine, The University of Queensland, Brisbane, QLD 4102, Australia.
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182
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Bornemann KM, Jahren SE, Obrist D. The relation between aortic morphology and transcatheter aortic heart valve thrombosis: Particle tracing and platelet activation in larger aortic roots with and without neo-sinus. Comput Biol Med 2024; 179:108828. [PMID: 38996554 DOI: 10.1016/j.compbiomed.2024.108828] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/27/2024] [Revised: 06/05/2024] [Accepted: 06/29/2024] [Indexed: 07/14/2024]
Abstract
Transcatheter aortic heart valve thrombosis (THVT) affects long-term valve durability, transvalvular pressure gradient and leaflet mobility. In this study, we conduct high-fidelity fluid-structure interaction simulations to perform Lagrangian particle tracing in a generic model with larger aortic diameters (THVT model) with and without neo-sinus which is compared to a model of unaffected TAVI patients (control model). Platelet activation indices are computed for each particle to assess the risk of thrombus formation induced by high shear stresses followed by flow stagnation. Particle tracing indicates that fewer particles contribute to sinus washout of the THVT model with and without neo-sinus compared to the control model (-34.9%/-34.1%). Stagnating particles in the native sinus of the THVT model show higher platelet activation indices than for the control model (+39.6% without neo-sinus, +45.3% with neo-sinus). Highest activation indices are present for particles stagnating in the neo-sinus of the larger aorta representing THVT patients (+80.2% compared to control). This fluid-structure interaction (FSI) study suggests that larger aortas lead to less efficient sinus washout in combination with higher risk of platelet activation among stagnating particles, especially within the neo-sinus. This could explain (a) a higher occurrence of thrombus formation in transcatheter valves compared to surgical valves without neo-sinus and (b) the neo-sinus as the prevalent region for thrombi in TAV. Pre-procedural identification of larger aortic roots could contribute to better risk assessment of patients and improved selection of a patient-specific anti-coagulation therapy.
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Affiliation(s)
- Karoline-Marie Bornemann
- ARTORG Center for Biomedical Engineering Research, University of Bern, Freiburgstrasse 3, Bern, 3010, Switzerland.
| | - Silje Ekroll Jahren
- ARTORG Center for Biomedical Engineering Research, University of Bern, Freiburgstrasse 3, Bern, 3010, Switzerland
| | - Dominik Obrist
- ARTORG Center for Biomedical Engineering Research, University of Bern, Freiburgstrasse 3, Bern, 3010, Switzerland
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183
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Sousa JPM, Deus IA, Monteiro CF, Custódio CA, Gil J, Papadimitriou L, Ranella A, Stratakis E, Mano JF, Marques PAAP. Amniotic Membrane-Derived Multichannel Hydrogels for Neural Tissue Repair. Adv Healthc Mater 2024:e2400522. [PMID: 38989725 DOI: 10.1002/adhm.202400522] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/09/2024] [Revised: 06/27/2024] [Indexed: 07/12/2024]
Abstract
In the pursuit of advancing neural tissue regeneration, biomaterial scaffolds have emerged as promising candidates, offering potential solutions for nerve disruptions. Among these scaffolds, multichannel hydrogels, characterized by meticulously designed micrometer-scale channels, stand out as instrumental tools for guiding axonal growth and facilitating cellular interactions. This study explores the innovative application of human amniotic membranes modified with methacryloyl domains (AMMA) in neural stem cell (NSC) culture. AMMA hydrogels, possessing a tailored softness resembling the physiological environment, are prepared in the format of multichannel scaffolds to simulate native-like microarchitecture of nerve tracts. Preliminary experiments on AMMA hydrogel films showcase their potential for neural applications, demonstrating robust adhesion, proliferation, and differentiation of NSCs without the need for additional coatings. Transitioning into the 3D realm, the multichannel architecture fosters intricate neuronal networks guiding neurite extension longitudinally. Furthermore, the presence of synaptic vesicles within the cellular arrays suggests the establishment of functional synaptic connections, underscoring the physiological relevance of the developed neuronal networks. This work contributes to the ongoing efforts to find ethical, clinically translatable, and functionally relevant approaches for regenerative neuroscience.
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Affiliation(s)
- Joana P M Sousa
- TEMA - Centre for Mechanical Technology and Automation, Department of Mechanical Engineering, University of Aveiro, Aveiro, 3810-193, Portugal
- CICECO - Department of Chemistry, University of Aveiro, Campus Universitario de Santiago, Aveiro, 3810-193, Portugal
| | - Inês A Deus
- CICECO - Department of Chemistry, University of Aveiro, Campus Universitario de Santiago, Aveiro, 3810-193, Portugal
| | - Cátia F Monteiro
- CICECO - Department of Chemistry, University of Aveiro, Campus Universitario de Santiago, Aveiro, 3810-193, Portugal
| | - Catarina A Custódio
- CICECO - Department of Chemistry, University of Aveiro, Campus Universitario de Santiago, Aveiro, 3810-193, Portugal
- Metatissue, PCI · Creative Science Park Aveiro Region, Via do Conhecimento, Ílhavo, 3830-352, Portugal
| | - João Gil
- TEMA - Centre for Mechanical Technology and Automation, Department of Mechanical Engineering, University of Aveiro, Aveiro, 3810-193, Portugal
- CDRSP - Centre for Rapid and Sustainable Product Development, Polytechnic of Leiria, Marinha Grande, 2430-028, Portugal
- INESC-MN - INESC Microsistemas e Nanotecnologia, Rua Alves Redol 9, Lisbon, 1000-029, Portugal
| | - Lina Papadimitriou
- Institute of Electronic Structure and Laser, Foundation for Research and Technology-Hellas (FORTH-IESL), Heraklion, Greece
| | - Anthi Ranella
- Institute of Electronic Structure and Laser, Foundation for Research and Technology-Hellas (FORTH-IESL), Heraklion, Greece
| | - Emmanuel Stratakis
- Institute of Electronic Structure and Laser, Foundation for Research and Technology-Hellas (FORTH-IESL), Heraklion, Greece
| | - João F Mano
- CDRSP - Centre for Rapid and Sustainable Product Development, Polytechnic of Leiria, Marinha Grande, 2430-028, Portugal
| | - Paula A A P Marques
- TEMA - Centre for Mechanical Technology and Automation, Department of Mechanical Engineering, University of Aveiro, Aveiro, 3810-193, Portugal
- LASI - Intelligent Systems Associate Laboratory, Portugal
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184
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Galanopoulou O, Tachmatzidi EC, Deligianni E, Botskaris D, Nikolaou KC, Gargani S, Dalezios Y, Chalepakis G, Talianidis I. Endonucleosis mediates internalization of cytoplasm into the nucleus. Nat Commun 2024; 15:5843. [PMID: 38992049 PMCID: PMC11239883 DOI: 10.1038/s41467-024-50259-3] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/22/2023] [Accepted: 07/03/2024] [Indexed: 07/13/2024] Open
Abstract
Setd8 regulates transcription elongation, mitotic DNA condensation, DNA damage response and replication licensing. Here we show that, in mitogen-stimulated liver-specific Setd8-KO mice, most of the hepatocytes are eliminated by necrosis but a significant number of them survive via entering a stage exhibiting several senescence-related features. Setd8-deficient hepatocytes had enlarged nuclei, chromosomal hyperploidy and nuclear engulfments progressing to the formation of intranuclear vesicles surrounded by nuclear lamina. These vesicles contain glycogen, cytoplasmic proteins and even entire organelles. We term this process "endonucleosis". Intranuclear vesicles are absent in hepatocytes of Setd8/Atg5 knockout mice, suggesting that the process requires the function of the canonical autophagy machinery. Endonucleosis and hyperploidization are temporary, early events in the surviving Setd8-deficient cells. Larger vesicles break down into microvesicles over time and are eventually eliminated. The results reveal sequential events in cells with extensive DNA damage, which function as part of survival mechanisms to prevent necrotic death.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ourania Galanopoulou
- Institute of Molecular Biology & Biotechnology, Foundation for Research and Technology Hellas, Heraklion, Crete, Greece
- Dept. of Biology University of Crete, Heraklion, Crete, Greece
| | - Evangelia C Tachmatzidi
- Institute of Molecular Biology & Biotechnology, Foundation for Research and Technology Hellas, Heraklion, Crete, Greece
- Dept. of Biology University of Crete, Heraklion, Crete, Greece
| | - Elena Deligianni
- Institute of Molecular Biology & Biotechnology, Foundation for Research and Technology Hellas, Heraklion, Crete, Greece
| | - Dimitris Botskaris
- Institute of Molecular Biology & Biotechnology, Foundation for Research and Technology Hellas, Heraklion, Crete, Greece
- Dept. of Biology University of Crete, Heraklion, Crete, Greece
| | | | - Sofia Gargani
- Biomedical Sciences Research Center Alexander Fleming, Vari, Greece
| | - Yannis Dalezios
- School of Medicine University of Crete, Heraklion, Crete, Greece
| | | | - Iannis Talianidis
- Institute of Molecular Biology & Biotechnology, Foundation for Research and Technology Hellas, Heraklion, Crete, Greece.
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185
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Ding H, Hao L, Mao H. Magneto-responsive biocomposites in wound healing: from characteristics to functions. J Mater Chem B 2024. [PMID: 38990160 DOI: 10.1039/d4tb00743c] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 07/12/2024]
Abstract
The number of patients with non-healing wounds continuously increases, and has become a prominent societal issue that imposes a heavy burden on both patients and the entire healthcare system. Although traditional dressings play an important role in wound healing, the complexity and diversity of the healing process pose serious challenges in this field. Magneto-responsive biocomposites, with their excellent biocompatibility, remote spatiotemporal controllability, and unique convenience, demonstrate enticing advantages in the field of wound dressings. However, current research on magneto-responsive biocomposites as wound dressings lacks comprehensive and in-depth reviews, which to some extent, restricts the deeper understanding and further development of this field. Based on this, this paper reviews the latest advances in magnetic responsive wound dressings for wound healing. First, we review the process of skin wound healing and parameters for assessing repair progress. Then, we systematically discuss the preparation strategies and unique characteristics of magneto-responsive biocomposites, focusing on magneto-induced orientation, magneto-induced mechanical stimulation, and magnetocaloric effect. Subsequently, this review elaborates the multiple mechanisms of magneto-responsive biocomposites in promoting wound healing, including regulating cell behavior, enhancing electrical signal, controlling drug release, and accelerating tissue reconstruction. Finally, we further propose the development direction and future challenges of magnetic responsive biomaterials as wound dressings in clinical application.
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Affiliation(s)
- Haoyang Ding
- Research Institute for Biomaterials, Tech Institute for Advanced Materials, College of Materials Science and Engineering, Nanjing Tech University, Nanjing 211816, China.
| | - Lili Hao
- Research Institute for Biomaterials, Tech Institute for Advanced Materials, College of Materials Science and Engineering, Nanjing Tech University, Nanjing 211816, China.
| | - Hongli Mao
- Research Institute for Biomaterials, Tech Institute for Advanced Materials, College of Materials Science and Engineering, Nanjing Tech University, Nanjing 211816, China.
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186
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Huang H, Zheng Y, Chang M, Song J, Xia L, Wu C, Jia W, Ren H, Feng W, Chen Y. Ultrasound-Based Micro-/Nanosystems for Biomedical Applications. Chem Rev 2024; 124:8307-8472. [PMID: 38924776 DOI: 10.1021/acs.chemrev.4c00009] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/28/2024]
Abstract
Due to the intrinsic non-invasive nature, cost-effectiveness, high safety, and real-time capabilities, besides diagnostic imaging, ultrasound as a typical mechanical wave has been extensively developed as a physical tool for versatile biomedical applications. Especially, the prosperity of nanotechnology and nanomedicine invigorates the landscape of ultrasound-based medicine. The unprecedented surge in research enthusiasm and dedicated efforts have led to a mass of multifunctional micro-/nanosystems being applied in ultrasound biomedicine, facilitating precise diagnosis, effective treatment, and personalized theranostics. The effective deployment of versatile ultrasound-based micro-/nanosystems in biomedical applications is rooted in a profound understanding of the relationship among composition, structure, property, bioactivity, application, and performance. In this comprehensive review, we elaborate on the general principles regarding the design, synthesis, functionalization, and optimization of ultrasound-based micro-/nanosystems for abundant biomedical applications. In particular, recent advancements in ultrasound-based micro-/nanosystems for diagnostic imaging are meticulously summarized. Furthermore, we systematically elucidate state-of-the-art studies concerning recent progress in ultrasound-based micro-/nanosystems for therapeutic applications targeting various pathological abnormalities including cancer, bacterial infection, brain diseases, cardiovascular diseases, and metabolic diseases. Finally, we conclude and provide an outlook on this research field with an in-depth discussion of the challenges faced and future developments for further extensive clinical translation and application.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hui Huang
- School of Environmental and Chemical Engineering, Shanghai University, Shanghai 200444, P. R. China
- Materdicine Lab, School of Life Sciences, Shanghai University, Shanghai 200444, P. R. China
| | - Yi Zheng
- Department of Ultrasound, Shanghai General Hospital, Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, Shanghai 200080, P. R. China
| | - Meiqi Chang
- Laboratory Center, Shanghai Municipal Hospital of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Shanghai University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Shanghai 200071, P. R. China
| | - Jun Song
- Materdicine Lab, School of Life Sciences, Shanghai University, Shanghai 200444, P. R. China
| | - Lili Xia
- Materdicine Lab, School of Life Sciences, Shanghai University, Shanghai 200444, P. R. China
| | - Chenyao Wu
- Materdicine Lab, School of Life Sciences, Shanghai University, Shanghai 200444, P. R. China
| | - Wencong Jia
- Materdicine Lab, School of Life Sciences, Shanghai University, Shanghai 200444, P. R. China
| | - Hongze Ren
- Materdicine Lab, School of Life Sciences, Shanghai University, Shanghai 200444, P. R. China
| | - Wei Feng
- School of Environmental and Chemical Engineering, Shanghai University, Shanghai 200444, P. R. China
- Materdicine Lab, School of Life Sciences, Shanghai University, Shanghai 200444, P. R. China
| | - Yu Chen
- School of Environmental and Chemical Engineering, Shanghai University, Shanghai 200444, P. R. China
- Materdicine Lab, School of Life Sciences, Shanghai University, Shanghai 200444, P. R. China
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187
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Kellerer T, Sailer B, Byers P, Barnkob R, Hayden O, Hellerer T. Two-photon microscopy of acoustofluidic trapping for highly sensitive cell analysis. LAB ON A CHIP 2024; 24:3456-3469. [PMID: 38895892 DOI: 10.1039/d4lc00144c] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/21/2024]
Abstract
We combine two-photon-excited fluorescence microscopy and acoustofluidic trapping in a spherical microchamber to in vitro study cells and cell clusters three-dimensionally close to in vivo conditions. The two-photon microscopy provides the in-depth 3D analysis of the spherical microchamber dimensions as well as the positions of trapped samples therein with high spatial precision and high temporal resolution enabling even tracking of the fast moving particles. Furthermore, optical sectioning allows to gather information of individual cells in trapped cell clusters inside the chamber. We demonstrate real-time monitoring of osmosis in A549 lung cells and red blood cells as one possible biomedical application. The observed osmosis reduced the cell membrane diameter by approximately 4 μm in the A549 cells and by approximately 2 μm in the red blood cells. Our approach provides an important optical tool for future investigations of cell functions and cell-cell interactions avoiding wall-contact inside an acoustofluidic device.
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Affiliation(s)
- Thomas Kellerer
- Multiphoton Imaging Lab, Munich University of Applied Sciences, 80335 Munich, Germany.
| | - Bettina Sailer
- Heinz-Nixdorf-Chair of Biomedical Electronics, School of Computation, Information and Technology, Technical University of Munich, TranslaTUM, 81675 Munich, Germany
| | - Patrick Byers
- Multiphoton Imaging Lab, Munich University of Applied Sciences, 80335 Munich, Germany.
| | | | - Oliver Hayden
- Heinz-Nixdorf-Chair of Biomedical Electronics, School of Computation, Information and Technology, Technical University of Munich, TranslaTUM, 81675 Munich, Germany
| | - Thomas Hellerer
- Multiphoton Imaging Lab, Munich University of Applied Sciences, 80335 Munich, Germany.
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188
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Kaneelil PR, de Souza JP, Turk G, Pahlavan AA, Stone HA. Electrically mediated self-assembly and manipulation of drops at an interface. SOFT MATTER 2024; 20:5417-5424. [PMID: 38946480 DOI: 10.1039/d4sm00531g] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 07/02/2024]
Abstract
The fluid-fluid interface is a complex environment for a floating object where the statics and dynamics may be governed by capillarity, gravity, inertia, and other external body forces. Yet, the alignment of these forces in intricate ways may result in beautiful pattern formation and self-assembly of these objects, as in the case of crystalline order observed with bubble rafts or colloidal particles. While interfacial self-assembly has been explored widely, controlled manipulation of floating objects, e.g. drops, at the fluid-fluid interface still remains a challenge largely unexplored. In this work, we reveal the self-assembly and manipulation of water drops floating at an oil-air interface. We show that the assembly occurs due to electrostatic interactions between the drops and their environment. We highlight the role of the boundary surrounding the system by showing that even drops with a net zero electric charge can self-assemble under certain conditions. Using experiments and theory, we show that the depth of the oil bath plays an important role in setting the distance between the self-assembled drops. Furthermore, we demonstrate ways to manipulate the drops actively and passively at the interface.
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Affiliation(s)
- Paul R Kaneelil
- Department of Mechanical and Aerospace Engineering, Princeton University, Princeton, New Jersey 08544, USA.
| | - J Pedro de Souza
- Omenn-Darling Bioengineering Institute, Princeton University, Princeton, New Jersey 08544, USA
| | - Günther Turk
- Princeton Materials Institute, Princeton University, Princeton, New Jersey 08544, USA
| | - Amir A Pahlavan
- Department of Mechanical Engineering and Materials Science, Yale University, New Haven, Connecticut 06511, USA
| | - Howard A Stone
- Department of Mechanical and Aerospace Engineering, Princeton University, Princeton, New Jersey 08544, USA.
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189
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Zhu G, Wang Y, Wang Y, Huang H, Li B, Chen P, Chen C, Zhang H, Li Y, Liu H, Chen J. Myofibroblasts derived type V collagen promoting tissue mechanical stress and facilitating metastasis and therapy resistance of lung adenocarcinoma cells. Cell Death Dis 2024; 15:493. [PMID: 38987529 PMCID: PMC11237033 DOI: 10.1038/s41419-024-06873-6] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/04/2024] [Revised: 06/22/2024] [Accepted: 06/28/2024] [Indexed: 07/12/2024]
Abstract
Lung cancer is a leading cause of cancer-related mortality globally, with a dismal 5-year survival rate, particularly for Lung Adenocarcinoma (LUAD). Mechanical changes within the tumor microenvironment, such as extracellular matrix (ECM) remodeling and fibroblast activity, play pivotal roles in cancer progression and metastasis. However, the specific impact of the basement membrane (BM) on the mechanical characteristics of LUAD remains unclear. This study aims to identify BM genes influencing internal mechanical stress in tumors, elucidating their effects on LUAD metastasis and therapy resistance, and exploring strategies to counteract these effects. Using Matrigel overlay and Transwell assays, we found that mechanical stress, mimicked by matrix application, augmented LUAD cell migration and invasion, correlating with ECM alterations and activation of the epithelial-mesenchymal transition (EMT) pathway. Employing machine learning, we developed the SVM_Score model based on relevant BM genes, which accurately predicted LUAD patient prognosis and EMT propensity across multiple datasets. Lower SVM_Scores were associated with worse survival outcomes, elevated cancer-related pathways, increased Tumor Mutation Burden, and higher internal mechanical stress in LUAD tissues. Notably, the SVM_Score was closely linked to COL5A1 expression in myofibroblasts, a key marker of mechanical stress. High COL5A1 expression from myofibroblasts promoted tumor invasiveness and EMT pathway activation in LUAD cells. Additionally, treatment with Sorafenib, which targets COL5A1 secretion, attenuated the tumor-promoting effects of myofibroblast-derived COL5A1, inhibiting LUAD cell proliferation, migration, and enhancing chemosensitivity. In conclusion, this study elucidates the complex interplay between mechanical stress, ECM alterations, and LUAD progression. The SVM_Score emerges as a robust prognostic tool reflecting tumor mechanical characteristics, while Sorafenib intervention targeting COL5A1 secretion presents a promising therapeutic strategy to mitigate LUAD aggressiveness. These findings deepen our understanding of the biomechanical aspects of LUAD and offer insights for future research and clinical applications.
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Affiliation(s)
- Guangsheng Zhu
- Department of Lung Cancer Surgery, Tianjin Medical University General Hospital, Tianjin, People's Republic of China
| | - Yanan Wang
- Department of Lung Cancer Surgery, Tianjin Medical University General Hospital, Tianjin, People's Republic of China
| | - Yingjie Wang
- Department of Lung Cancer Surgery, Tianjin Medical University General Hospital, Tianjin, People's Republic of China
| | - Hua Huang
- Department of Lung Cancer Surgery, Tianjin Medical University General Hospital, Tianjin, People's Republic of China
| | - Boshi Li
- Department of Lung Cancer Surgery, Tianjin Medical University General Hospital, Tianjin, People's Republic of China
| | - Peijie Chen
- Department of Lung Cancer Surgery, Tianjin Medical University General Hospital, Tianjin, People's Republic of China
| | - Chen Chen
- Tianjin Key Laboratory of Lung Cancer Metastasis and Tumor Microenvironment, Tianjin Lung Cancer Institute, Tianjin Medical University General Hospital, Tianjin, People's Republic of China
| | - Hongbing Zhang
- Department of Lung Cancer Surgery, Tianjin Medical University General Hospital, Tianjin, People's Republic of China
| | - Yongwen Li
- Tianjin Key Laboratory of Lung Cancer Metastasis and Tumor Microenvironment, Tianjin Lung Cancer Institute, Tianjin Medical University General Hospital, Tianjin, People's Republic of China.
| | - Hongyu Liu
- Tianjin Key Laboratory of Lung Cancer Metastasis and Tumor Microenvironment, Tianjin Lung Cancer Institute, Tianjin Medical University General Hospital, Tianjin, People's Republic of China.
| | - Jun Chen
- Department of Lung Cancer Surgery, Tianjin Medical University General Hospital, Tianjin, People's Republic of China.
- Tianjin Key Laboratory of Lung Cancer Metastasis and Tumor Microenvironment, Tianjin Lung Cancer Institute, Tianjin Medical University General Hospital, Tianjin, People's Republic of China.
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190
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Yang SH, Song WL, Fan LL, Deng CF, Xie R, Wang W, Liu Z, Pan DW, Ju XJ, Chu LY. Microfluidic fabrication of monodisperse microcapsules with gas cores. LAB ON A CHIP 2024; 24:3556-3567. [PMID: 38949110 DOI: 10.1039/d4lc00443d] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 07/02/2024]
Abstract
A facile strategy for efficient and continuous fabrication of monodisperse gas-core microcapsules with controllable sizes and excellent ultrasound-induced burst performances is developed based on droplet microfluidics and interfacial polymerization. Monodisperse gas-in-oil-in-water (G/O/W) double emulsion droplets with a gas core and monomer-contained oil layer are fabricated in the upstream of a microfluidic device as templates, and then water-soluble monomers are added into the aqueous continuous phase in the downstream to initiate rapid interfacial polymerization at the O/W interfaces to prepare monodisperse gas-in-oil-in-solid (G/O/S) microcapsules with gas cores. The sizes of both microbubbles and G/O/W droplet templates can be precisely controlled by adjusting the gas supply pressure and the fluid flow rates. Due to the very thin shells of G/O/S microcapsules fabricated via interfacial polymerization, the sizes of the resultant G/O/S microcapsules are almost the same as those of the G/O/W droplet templates, and the microcapsules exhibit excellent deformable properties and ultrasound-induced burst performances. The proposed strategy provides a facile and efficient route for controllably and continuously fabricating monodisperse microcapsules with gas cores, which are highly desired for biomedical applications.
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Affiliation(s)
- Shi-Hao Yang
- School of Chemical Engineering, Sichuan University, Chengdu, Sichuan 610065, China.
| | - Wan-Lu Song
- School of Chemical Engineering, Sichuan University, Chengdu, Sichuan 610065, China.
| | - Lin-Ling Fan
- School of Chemical Engineering, Sichuan University, Chengdu, Sichuan 610065, China.
| | - Chuan-Fu Deng
- School of Chemical Engineering, Sichuan University, Chengdu, Sichuan 610065, China.
| | - Rui Xie
- School of Chemical Engineering, Sichuan University, Chengdu, Sichuan 610065, China.
- State Key Laboratory of Polymer Materials Engineering, Sichuan University, Chengdu, Sichuan 610065, China
| | - Wei Wang
- School of Chemical Engineering, Sichuan University, Chengdu, Sichuan 610065, China.
- State Key Laboratory of Polymer Materials Engineering, Sichuan University, Chengdu, Sichuan 610065, China
| | - Zhuang Liu
- School of Chemical Engineering, Sichuan University, Chengdu, Sichuan 610065, China.
- State Key Laboratory of Polymer Materials Engineering, Sichuan University, Chengdu, Sichuan 610065, China
| | - Da-Wei Pan
- School of Chemical Engineering, Sichuan University, Chengdu, Sichuan 610065, China.
- State Key Laboratory of Polymer Materials Engineering, Sichuan University, Chengdu, Sichuan 610065, China
| | - Xiao-Jie Ju
- School of Chemical Engineering, Sichuan University, Chengdu, Sichuan 610065, China.
- State Key Laboratory of Polymer Materials Engineering, Sichuan University, Chengdu, Sichuan 610065, China
| | - Liang-Yin Chu
- School of Chemical Engineering, Sichuan University, Chengdu, Sichuan 610065, China.
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191
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Reddy A, Pan Y, Finberg A, Dong H, Kesser B. Flow Analysis of Central Venous Outflow Tract: A New Approach to Understanding Pulse-Synchronous Tinnitus. Otolaryngol Head Neck Surg 2024. [PMID: 38984878 DOI: 10.1002/ohn.891] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/07/2024] [Revised: 06/02/2024] [Accepted: 06/05/2024] [Indexed: 07/11/2024]
Abstract
OBJECTIVE Pulse-synchronous tinnitus (PST) has been linked to multiple anatomical variants of the central venous outflow tract (CVOT) including sigmoid sinus (SS) dehiscence and diverticulum. This study investigates flow turbulence, pressure, and wall shear stress along the CVOT and proposes a mechanism that results in SS dehiscence and PST. STUDY DESIGN Case series. SETTING Tertiary Academic Center. METHODS Venous models were reconstructed from computed tomography scans of 3 patients with unilateral PST. Two models for each patient are obtained: a symptomatic and contralateral asymptomatic side. A turbulent model-enabled commercial flow solver was used to simulate the pulsatile blood flow over the cardiac cycle through the models. Fluid flow through the transverse and SS junction was analyzed to observe the velocity, pressure, turbulent kinetic energy (TKE), and shear stress over a simulated cardiac cycle. RESULTS Fluid flow on the symptomatic side showed increased vorticity in the presence of an SS diverticulum. Higher TKE with periodicity following the cardiac cycle was observed on the symptomatic side, and a sharp increase was observed if SS diverticulum was present. Shear stress was highest near the narrowest segments of the vessel. Pressure was observed to be lower on the symptomatic side at the transverse-SS junction for all 3 patients. CONCLUSION Computational fluid dynamics modeling of blood flow through the CVOT in PST suggests that low pressure may be the cause of dehiscence, and tinnitus may result from periodic increases in TKE.
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Affiliation(s)
- Adithya Reddy
- Department of Otolaryngology-Head and Neck Surgery, University of Virginia, Charlottesville, Virginia, USA
| | - Yu Pan
- Department of Mechanical and Aerospace Engineering, University of Virginia, Charlottesville, Virginia, USA
| | - Ariel Finberg
- Department of Otolaryngology-Head and Neck Surgery, University of Virginia, Charlottesville, Virginia, USA
| | - Haibo Dong
- Department of Mechanical and Aerospace Engineering, University of Virginia, Charlottesville, Virginia, USA
| | - Bradley Kesser
- Department of Otolaryngology-Head and Neck Surgery, University of Virginia, Charlottesville, Virginia, USA
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192
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Bai L, Zhang X, Han Z, Yang X, Hao Y. Injectable porous microspheres for articular cartilage regeneration through in situ stem cell recruitment and macrophage polarization. Acta Biomater 2024:S1742-7061(24)00377-5. [PMID: 38997077 DOI: 10.1016/j.actbio.2024.07.007] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/01/2024] [Revised: 06/25/2024] [Accepted: 07/05/2024] [Indexed: 07/14/2024]
Abstract
In situ mesenchymal stem cells (MSCs) regenerative therapy holds promising potential for treating osteoarthritis. However, MSCs engraftment and intra-articular inflammation limit the therapeutic efficacy of this approach. This study introduces porous microspheres (PMs) composed of aldehyde-modified poly(lactic-co-glycolic acid), that encapsulate platelet derived growth factor-AB and kartogenin. Metformin (Met) is also incorporated onto the microsphere through a Schiff base reaction to create PMs@Met. In vitro, in vivo and ex experiments revealed that PMs@Met can be injected into the joint cavity, effectively recruiting endogenous MSCs in situ. This approach creates a favorable environment for MSCs proliferation. It also controls the intra-articular inflammatory environment by modulating the polarization of synovial macrophages, ultimately promoting cartilage repair. In summary, our study presents an innovative tissue engineering strategy for the treatment of osteoarthritis-induced articular cartilage injuries. STATEMENT OF SIGNIFICANCE: Cell therapy using autologous mesenchymal stem cells (MSCs) has potential to slow the progression of osteoarthritis (OA). Nonetheless, there are some disadvantages to adopting in situ MSCs therapy, including difficulties with MSC engraftment into cartilage-deficient regions, the effect of intra-articular inflammation on MSC therapeutic efficacy, and attaining selective chondrogenic MSC differentiation. We created injectable PLGA microspheres (PMs) that were loaded with PDGF-AB and KGN. Metformin was bonded to the surface of microspheres using a Schiff base reaction. The microspheres can recruit intra-articular MSCs and encourage their development into chondrocytes. The microspheres actively modulate the inflammatory joint environment by altering synovial macrophage polarization, thereby supporting MSCs in effective cartilage treatment. To summarize, microspheres hold great potential in the treatment of OA.
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Affiliation(s)
- Lang Bai
- Department of Orthopedics, Affiliated Suzhou Hospital of Nanjing Medical University, Suzhou, Jiangsu 215008, China; Gusu School, Nanjing Medical University,458 Shizi Road, Suzhou 215006, China
| | - Xiaoyu Zhang
- Department of Orthopedics, Affiliated Suzhou Hospital of Nanjing Medical University, Suzhou, Jiangsu 215008, China; Gusu School, Nanjing Medical University,458 Shizi Road, Suzhou 215006, China
| | - Zeyu Han
- Department of Orthopedics, Affiliated Suzhou Hospital of Nanjing Medical University, Suzhou, Jiangsu 215008, China; Gusu School, Nanjing Medical University,458 Shizi Road, Suzhou 215006, China
| | - Xing Yang
- Department of Orthopedics, Affiliated Suzhou Hospital of Nanjing Medical University, Suzhou, Jiangsu 215008, China; Gusu School, Nanjing Medical University,458 Shizi Road, Suzhou 215006, China.
| | - Yuefeng Hao
- Department of Orthopedics, Affiliated Suzhou Hospital of Nanjing Medical University, Suzhou, Jiangsu 215008, China; Gusu School, Nanjing Medical University,458 Shizi Road, Suzhou 215006, China.
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193
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Zakeri M, Atef A, Aziznia M, Jafari A. A comprehensive investigation of morphological features responsible for cerebral aneurysm rupture using machine learning. Sci Rep 2024; 14:15777. [PMID: 38982160 PMCID: PMC11233616 DOI: 10.1038/s41598-024-66840-1] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/18/2024] [Accepted: 07/04/2024] [Indexed: 07/11/2024] Open
Abstract
Cerebral aneurysms are a silent yet prevalent condition that affects a significant global population. Their development can be attributed to various factors, presentations, and treatment approaches. The importance of selecting the appropriate treatment becomes evident upon diagnosis, as the severity of the disease guides the course of action. Cerebral aneurysms are particularly vulnerable in the circle of Willis and pose a significant concern due to the potential for rupture, which can lead to irreversible consequences, including fatality. The primary objective of this study is to predict the rupture status of cerebral aneurysms. To achieve this, we leverage a comprehensive dataset that incorporates clinical and morphological data extracted from 3D real geometries of previous patients. The aim of this research is to provide valuable insights that can help make informed decisions during the treatment process and potentially save the lives of future patients. Diagnosing and predicting aneurysm rupture based solely on brain scans is a significant challenge with limited reliability, even for experienced physicians. However, by employing statistical methods and machine learning techniques, we can assist physicians in making more confident predictions regarding rupture likelihood and selecting appropriate treatment strategies. To achieve this, we used 5 classification machine learning algorithms and trained them on a substantial database comprising 708 cerebral aneurysms. The dataset comprised 3 clinical features and 35 morphological parameters, including 8 novel morphological features introduced for the first time in this study. Our models demonstrated exceptional performance in predicting cerebral aneurysm rupture, with accuracy ranging from 0.76 to 0.82 and precision score from 0.79 to 0.83 for the test dataset. As the data are sensitive and the condition is critical, recall is prioritized as the more crucial parameter over accuracy and precision, and our models achieved outstanding recall score ranging from 0.85 to 0.92. Overall, the best model was Support Vector Machin with an accuracy and precision of 0.82, recall of 0.92 for the testing dataset and the area under curve of 0.84. The ellipticity index, size ratio, and shape irregularity are pivotal features in predicting aneurysm rupture, respectively, contributing significantly to our understanding of this complex condition. Among the multitude of parameters under investigation, these are particularly important. In this study, the ideal roundness parameter was introduced as a novel consideration and ranked fifth among all 38 parameters. Neck circumference and outlet numbers from the new parameters were also deemed significant contributors.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mostafa Zakeri
- CNNFM Lab, School of Mechanical Engineering, College of Engineering, University of Tehran, 1450 Kargar St. N., Tehran, 14399-57131, Iran
- STRETCH Lab, Department of Biomedical Engineering and Mechanics, Virginia Tech, 330A Kelly Hall, 325 Stanger Street, Blacksburg, VA, 24061, USA
| | - Amirhossein Atef
- CNNFM Lab, School of Mechanical Engineering, College of Engineering, University of Tehran, 1450 Kargar St. N., Tehran, 14399-57131, Iran
| | - Mohammad Aziznia
- CNNFM Lab, School of Mechanical Engineering, College of Engineering, University of Tehran, 1450 Kargar St. N., Tehran, 14399-57131, Iran
| | - Azadeh Jafari
- CNNFM Lab, School of Mechanical Engineering, College of Engineering, University of Tehran, 1450 Kargar St. N., Tehran, 14399-57131, Iran.
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194
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Chernokal B, Ferrick BJ, Gleghorn JP. Zonal Patterning of Extracellular Matrix and Stromal Cell Populations Along a Perfusable Cellular Microchannel. BIORXIV : THE PREPRINT SERVER FOR BIOLOGY 2024:2024.07.09.602744. [PMID: 39026757 PMCID: PMC11257519 DOI: 10.1101/2024.07.09.602744] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 07/20/2024]
Abstract
The spatial organization of biophysical and biochemical cues in the extracellular matrix (ECM) in concert with reciprocal cell-cell signaling is vital to tissue patterning during development. However, elucidating the role an individual microenvironmental factor plays using existing in vivo models is difficult due to their inherent complexity. In this work, we have developed a microphysiological system to spatially pattern the biochemical, biophysical, and stromal cell composition of the ECM along an epithelialized 3D microchannel. This technique is adaptable to multiple hydrogel compositions and scalable to the number of zones patterned. We confirmed that the methodology to create distinct zones resulted in a continuous, annealed hydrogel with regional interfaces that did not hinder the transport of soluble molecules. Further, the interface between hydrogel regions did not disrupt microchannel structure, epithelial lumen formation, or media perfusion through an acellular or cellularized microchannel. Finally, we demonstrated spatially patterned tubulogenic sprouting of a continuous epithelial tube into the surrounding hydrogel confined to local regions with stromal cell populations, illustrating spatial control of cell-cell interactions and signaling gradients. This easy-to-use system has wide utility for modeling three-dimensional epithelial and endothelial tissue interactions with heterogeneous hydrogel compositions and/or stromal cell populations to investigate their mechanistic roles during development, homeostasis, or disease.
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Affiliation(s)
- Brea Chernokal
- Department of Biomedical Engineering, University of Delaware, Newark, DE 19713
| | - Bryan J. Ferrick
- Department of Biomedical Engineering, University of Delaware, Newark, DE 19713
| | - Jason P. Gleghorn
- Department of Biomedical Engineering, University of Delaware, Newark, DE 19713
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195
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Yin S, Wu H, Huang Y, Lu C, Cui J, Li Y, Xue B, Wu J, Jiang C, Gu X, Wang W, Cao Y. Structurally and mechanically tuned macroporous hydrogels for scalable mesenchymal stem cell-extracellular matrix spheroid production. Proc Natl Acad Sci U S A 2024; 121:e2404210121. [PMID: 38954541 PMCID: PMC11253011 DOI: 10.1073/pnas.2404210121] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/28/2024] [Accepted: 06/01/2024] [Indexed: 07/04/2024] Open
Abstract
Mesenchymal stem cells (MSCs) are essential in regenerative medicine. However, conventional expansion and harvesting methods often fail to maintain the essential extracellular matrix (ECM) components, which are crucial for their functionality and efficacy in therapeutic applications. Here, we introduce a bone marrow-inspired macroporous hydrogel designed for the large-scale production of MSC-ECM spheroids. Through a soft-templating approach leveraging liquid-liquid phase separation, we engineer macroporous hydrogels with customizable features, including pore size, stiffness, bioactive ligand distribution, and enzyme-responsive degradability. These tailored environments are conducive to optimal MSC proliferation and ease of harvesting. We find that soft hydrogels enhance mechanotransduction in MSCs, establishing a standard for hydrogel-based 3D cell culture. Within these hydrogels, MSCs exist as both cohesive spheroids, preserving their innate vitality, and as migrating entities that actively secrete functional ECM proteins. Additionally, we also introduce a gentle, enzymatic harvesting method that breaks down the hydrogels, allowing MSCs and secreted ECM to naturally form MSC-ECM spheroids. These spheroids display heightened stemness and differentiation capacity, mirroring the benefits of a native ECM milieu. Our research underscores the significance of sophisticated materials design in nurturing distinct MSC subpopulations, facilitating the generation of MSC-ECM spheroids with enhanced therapeutic potential.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sheng Yin
- Collaborative Innovation Center of Advanced Microstructures, National Laboratory of Solid State Microstructure, Department of Physics, Nanjing University, Nanjing210093, China
- Jinan Microecological Biomedicine Shandong Laboratory, Jinan250021, China
| | - Haipeng Wu
- Collaborative Innovation Center of Advanced Microstructures, National Laboratory of Solid State Microstructure, Department of Physics, Nanjing University, Nanjing210093, China
- Jinan Microecological Biomedicine Shandong Laboratory, Jinan250021, China
| | - Yaying Huang
- Collaborative Innovation Center of Advanced Microstructures, National Laboratory of Solid State Microstructure, Department of Physics, Nanjing University, Nanjing210093, China
| | - Chenjing Lu
- Collaborative Innovation Center of Advanced Microstructures, National Laboratory of Solid State Microstructure, Department of Physics, Nanjing University, Nanjing210093, China
- Jinan Microecological Biomedicine Shandong Laboratory, Jinan250021, China
| | - Jian Cui
- Collaborative Innovation Center of Advanced Microstructures, National Laboratory of Solid State Microstructure, Department of Physics, Nanjing University, Nanjing210093, China
| | - Ying Li
- Institute of Advanced Materials and Flexible Electronics, School of Chemistry and Materials Science, Nanjing University of Information Science and Technology, Nanjing210044, China
| | - Bin Xue
- Collaborative Innovation Center of Advanced Microstructures, National Laboratory of Solid State Microstructure, Department of Physics, Nanjing University, Nanjing210093, China
| | - Junhua Wu
- Jinan Microecological Biomedicine Shandong Laboratory, Jinan250021, China
- Medical School, Nanjing University, Nanjing210093, China
| | - Chunping Jiang
- Jinan Microecological Biomedicine Shandong Laboratory, Jinan250021, China
- Medical School, Nanjing University, Nanjing210093, China
- Division of Hepatobiliary and Transplantation Surgery, Department of General Surgery, Nanjing Drum Tower Hospital, the Affiliated Hospital of Medical School, Nanjing University, Nanjing210008, China
| | - Xiaosong Gu
- Jinan Microecological Biomedicine Shandong Laboratory, Jinan250021, China
| | - Wei Wang
- Collaborative Innovation Center of Advanced Microstructures, National Laboratory of Solid State Microstructure, Department of Physics, Nanjing University, Nanjing210093, China
- Institute for Brain Sciences, Nanjing University, Nanjing210093, China
| | - Yi Cao
- Collaborative Innovation Center of Advanced Microstructures, National Laboratory of Solid State Microstructure, Department of Physics, Nanjing University, Nanjing210093, China
- Jinan Microecological Biomedicine Shandong Laboratory, Jinan250021, China
- Institute for Brain Sciences, Nanjing University, Nanjing210093, China
- Chemistry and Biomedicine Innovation Center, Nanjing University, Nanjing210093, China
- Chemistry and Biomedicine Innovation Center, the Ministry of Education Key Laboratory of High Performance Polymer Materials and Technology, School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Nanjing University, Nanjing210023, China
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196
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Diz F, Monteiro WF, Silveira IS, Ruano D, Zotti ER, Weimer RD, Melo MN, Schossler Lopes JG, Scheffel TB, Caldas LVE, da Costa JC, Morrone FB, Ligabue RA. Zinc-Modified Titanate Nanotubes as Radiosensitizers for Glioblastoma: Enhancing Radiotherapy Efficacy and Monte Carlo Simulations. ACS OMEGA 2024; 9:29499-29515. [PMID: 39005768 PMCID: PMC11238320 DOI: 10.1021/acsomega.4c02125] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/04/2024] [Revised: 06/13/2024] [Accepted: 06/17/2024] [Indexed: 07/16/2024]
Abstract
Radiotherapy (RT) is the established noninvasive treatment for glioblastoma (GBM), a highly aggressive malignancy. However, its effectiveness in improving patient survival remains limited due to the radioresistant nature of GBM. Metal-based nanostructures have emerged as promising strategies to enhance RT efficacy. Among them, titanate nanotubes (TNTs) have gained significant attention due to their biocompatibility and cost-effectiveness. This study aimed to synthesize zinc-modified TNTs (ZnTNT) from sodium TNTs (NaTNT), in addition to characterizing the formed nanostructures and evaluating their radiosensitization effects in GBM cells (U87 and U251). Hydrothermal synthesis was employed to fabricate the TNTs, which were characterized using various techniques, including transmission electron microscopy (TEM), energy-dispersive spectroscopy, scanning-transmission mode, Fourier-transform infrared spectroscopy, ICP-MS (inductively coupled plasma mass spectrometry), X-ray photoelectron spectroscopy, and zeta potential analysis. Cytotoxicity was evaluated in healthy (Vero) and GBM (U87 and U251) cells by the MTT assay, while the internalization of TNTs was observed through TEM imaging and ICP-MS. The radiosensitivity of ZnTNT and NaTNT combined with 5 Gy was evaluated using clonogenic assays. Monte Carlo simulations using the MCNP6.2 code were performed to determine the deposited dose in the culture medium for RT scenarios involving TNT clusters and cells. The results demonstrated differences in the dose deposition values between the scenarios with and without TNTs. The study revealed that ZnTNT interfered with clonogenic integrity, suggesting its potential as a powerful tool for GBM treatment.
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Affiliation(s)
- Fernando
Mendonça Diz
- Preclinical
Research Center, Brain Institute of Rio Grande do Sul, Pontifical Catholic University of Rio Grande do Sul—PUCRS, Porto Alegre, Rio Grande
do Sul 90619-900, Brazil
- Graduate
Program in Materials Engineering and Technology, Pontifical Catholic University of Rio Grande do Sul—PUCRS, Porto Alegre, Rio Grande
do Sul 90619-900, Brazil
| | - Wesley F. Monteiro
- Graduate
Program in Materials Engineering and Technology, Pontifical Catholic University of Rio Grande do Sul—PUCRS, Porto Alegre, Rio Grande
do Sul 90619-900, Brazil
| | - Iury Santos Silveira
- Institute
of Energy and Nuclear Research, National
Nuclear Energy Commission—IPEN/CNEN. São Paulo, São Paulo 01151, Brazil
| | - Daniel Ruano
- ALBA
Syconhrotron Light Source, Cerdanuola
del Vallès 08290, Spain
- Instituto
de Tecnología Química, Universitat
Politècnica de València-Consejo Superior de Investigaciones
Científica (UPV-CSIC), Valencia 46022, Spain
| | - Eduardo Rosa Zotti
- Graduate
Program in Materials Engineering and Technology, Pontifical Catholic University of Rio Grande do Sul—PUCRS, Porto Alegre, Rio Grande
do Sul 90619-900, Brazil
| | - Rafael Diogo Weimer
- Graduate
Program in Materials Engineering and Technology, Pontifical Catholic University of Rio Grande do Sul—PUCRS, Porto Alegre, Rio Grande
do Sul 90619-900, Brazil
| | - Micael Nunes Melo
- Institute
of Technology and Research—ITP, Aracaju, Sergipe 49032-490 Brazil
| | - João Gabriel Schossler Lopes
- Radiotherapy
Service at Hospital São Lucas da Pontifical Catholic University
of Rio Grande do Sul/Oncoclinic Group, Porto Alegre, Rio Grande do Sul 90619-900, Brazil
| | - Thamiris Becker Scheffel
- Preclinical
Research Center, Brain Institute of Rio Grande do Sul, Pontifical Catholic University of Rio Grande do Sul—PUCRS, Porto Alegre, Rio Grande
do Sul 90619-900, Brazil
| | - Linda V. E. Caldas
- Institute
of Energy and Nuclear Research, National
Nuclear Energy Commission—IPEN/CNEN. São Paulo, São Paulo 01151, Brazil
| | - Jaderson Costa da Costa
- Preclinical
Research Center, Brain Institute of Rio Grande do Sul, Pontifical Catholic University of Rio Grande do Sul—PUCRS, Porto Alegre, Rio Grande
do Sul 90619-900, Brazil
| | - Fernanda Bueno Morrone
- Preclinical
Research Center, Brain Institute of Rio Grande do Sul, Pontifical Catholic University of Rio Grande do Sul—PUCRS, Porto Alegre, Rio Grande
do Sul 90619-900, Brazil
- School
of Life and Health Sciences, Pontifical
Catholic University of Rio Grande do Sul—PUCRS, Porto Alegre, Rio Grande
do Sul 90619-900, Brazil
| | - Rosane Angélica Ligabue
- Graduate
Program in Materials Engineering and Technology, Pontifical Catholic University of Rio Grande do Sul—PUCRS, Porto Alegre, Rio Grande
do Sul 90619-900, Brazil
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197
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Nahon DM, Vila Cuenca M, van den Hil FE, Hu M, de Korte T, Frimat JP, van den Maagdenberg AMJM, Mummery CL, Orlova VV. Self-assembling 3D vessel-on-chip model with hiPSC-derived astrocytes. Stem Cell Reports 2024; 19:946-956. [PMID: 38876110 PMCID: PMC11252484 DOI: 10.1016/j.stemcr.2024.05.006] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/16/2023] [Revised: 05/16/2024] [Accepted: 05/16/2024] [Indexed: 06/16/2024] Open
Abstract
Functionality of the blood-brain barrier (BBB) relies on the interaction between endothelial cells (ECs), pericytes, and astrocytes to regulate molecule transport within the central nervous system. Most experimental models for the BBB rely on freshly isolated primary brain cells. Here, we explored human induced pluripotent stem cells (hiPSCs) as a cellular source for astrocytes in a 3D vessel-on-chip (VoC) model. Self-organized microvascular networks were formed by combining hiPSC-derived ECs, human brain vascular pericytes, and hiPSC-derived astrocytes within a fibrin hydrogel. The hiPSC-ECs and pericytes showed close interactions, but, somewhat unexpectedly, addition of astrocytes disrupted microvascular network formation. However, continuous fluid perfusion or activation of cyclic AMP (cAMP) signaling rescued the vascular organization and decreased vascular permeability. Nevertheless, astrocytes did not affect the expression of proteins related to junction formation, transport, or extracellular matrix, indicating that, despite other claims, hiPSC-derived ECs do not entirely acquire a BBB-like identity in the 3D VoC model.
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Affiliation(s)
- Dennis M Nahon
- Department of Anatomy and Embryology, Leiden University Medical Centre, 2333ZA Leiden, the Netherlands
| | - Marc Vila Cuenca
- Department of Anatomy and Embryology, Leiden University Medical Centre, 2333ZA Leiden, the Netherlands; Department of Clinical Genetics, Leiden University Medical Centre, 2333ZA Leiden, the Netherlands
| | - Francijna E van den Hil
- Department of Anatomy and Embryology, Leiden University Medical Centre, 2333ZA Leiden, the Netherlands
| | - Michel Hu
- Department of Human Genetics, Leiden University Medical Centre, 2333ZA Leiden, the Netherlands; Department of Neurology, Leiden University Medical Centre, 2333ZA Leiden, the Netherlands
| | - Tessa de Korte
- Department of Anatomy and Embryology, Leiden University Medical Centre, 2333ZA Leiden, the Netherlands
| | - Jean-Philippe Frimat
- Department of Human Genetics, Leiden University Medical Centre, 2333ZA Leiden, the Netherlands; Department of Neurology, Leiden University Medical Centre, 2333ZA Leiden, the Netherlands
| | - Arn M J M van den Maagdenberg
- Department of Human Genetics, Leiden University Medical Centre, 2333ZA Leiden, the Netherlands; Department of Neurology, Leiden University Medical Centre, 2333ZA Leiden, the Netherlands
| | - Christine L Mummery
- Department of Anatomy and Embryology, Leiden University Medical Centre, 2333ZA Leiden, the Netherlands
| | - Valeria V Orlova
- Department of Anatomy and Embryology, Leiden University Medical Centre, 2333ZA Leiden, the Netherlands.
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198
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He ZJ, Huang B, Cai LH. Bottlebrush Polyethylene Glycol Nanocarriers Translocate across Human Airway Epithelium via Molecular Architecture-Enhanced Endocytosis. ACS NANO 2024; 18:17586-17599. [PMID: 38932624 PMCID: PMC11238595 DOI: 10.1021/acsnano.4c01983] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/28/2024]
Abstract
Pulmonary drug delivery is critical for the treatment of respiratory diseases. However, the human airway surface presents multiple barriers to efficient drug delivery. Here, we report a bottlebrush poly(ethylene glycol) (PEG-BB) nanocarrier that can translocate across all barriers within the human airway surface. Guided by a molecular theory, we design a PEG-BB molecule consisting of a linear backbone densely grafted by many (∼1000) low molecular weight (∼1000 g/mol) polyethylene glycol (PEG) chains; this results in a highly anisotropic, wormlike nanocarrier featuring a contour length of ∼250 nm, a cross-section of ∼20 nm, and a hydrodynamic diameter of ∼40 nm. Using the classic air-liquid-interface culture system to recapitulate essential biological features of the human airway surface, we show that PEG-BB rapidly penetrates through endogenous airway mucus and periciliary brush layer (mesh size of 20-40 nm) to be internalized by cells across the whole epithelium. By quantifying the cellular uptake of polymeric carriers of various molecular architectures and manipulating cell proliferation and endocytosis pathways, we show that the translocation of PEG-BB across the epithelium is driven by bottlebrush architecture-enhanced endocytosis. Our results demonstrate that large, wormlike bottlebrush PEG polymers, if properly designed, can be used as a carrier for pulmonary and mucosal drug delivery.
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Affiliation(s)
- Zhi-Jian He
- Department of Biomedical Engineering, University of Virginia, Charlottesville, Virginia 22904, United States
| | - Baiqiang Huang
- Soft Biomatter Laboratory, Department of Materials Science and Engineering, University of Virginia, Charlottesville, Virginia 22904, United States
| | - Li-Heng Cai
- Soft Biomatter Laboratory, Department of Materials Science and Engineering, University of Virginia, Charlottesville, Virginia 22904, United States
- Department of Biomedical Engineering, University of Virginia, Charlottesville, Virginia 22904, United States
- Department of Chemical Engineering, University of Virginia, Charlottesville, Virginia 22904, United States
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199
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Stellpflug A, Walls J, Hansen C, Joshi A, Wang B. From bone to nanoparticles: development of a novel generation of bone derived nanoparticles for image guided orthopedic regeneration. Biomater Sci 2024; 12:3633-3648. [PMID: 38856671 PMCID: PMC11238765 DOI: 10.1039/d4bm00391h] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/11/2024]
Abstract
Bone related diseases such as osteoporosis, osteoarthritis, metastatic bone cancer, osteogenesis imperfecta, and Paget's disease, are primarily treated with pharmacologic therapies that often exhibit limited efficacy and substantial side effects. Bone injuries or fractures are primarily repaired with biocompatible materials that produce mixed results in sufficiently regenerating healthy and homogenous bone tissue. Each of these bone conditions, both localized and systemic, use different strategies with the same goal of achieving a healthy and homeostatic bone environment. In this study, we developed a new type of bone-based nanoparticle (BPs) using the entire organic extracellular matrix (ECM) of decellularized porcine bone, additionally encapsulating indocyanine green dye (ICG) for an in vivo monitoring capability. Utilizing the regenerative capability of bone ECM and the functionality of nanoparticles, the ICG encapsulated BPs (ICG/BPs) have been demonstrated to be utilized as a therapeutic option for localized and systemic orthopedic conditions. Additionally, ICG enables an in situ monitoring capability in the Short-Wave Infrared (SWIR) spectrum, capturing the degradation or the biodistribution of the ICG/BPs after both local implantation and intravenous administration, respectively. The efficacy and safety of the ICG/BPs shown within this study lay the foundation for future investigations, which will delve into optimization for clinical translation.
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Affiliation(s)
- Austin Stellpflug
- Joint Department of Biomedical Engineering, Marquette University and the Medical College of Wisconsin, Milwaukee, WI 53226, USA.
| | - Jacob Walls
- Joint Department of Biomedical Engineering, Marquette University and the Medical College of Wisconsin, Milwaukee, WI 53226, USA.
| | - Christopher Hansen
- Joint Department of Biomedical Engineering, Marquette University and the Medical College of Wisconsin, Milwaukee, WI 53226, USA.
| | - Amit Joshi
- Joint Department of Biomedical Engineering, Marquette University and the Medical College of Wisconsin, Milwaukee, WI 53226, USA.
| | - Bo Wang
- Joint Department of Biomedical Engineering, Marquette University and the Medical College of Wisconsin, Milwaukee, WI 53226, USA.
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200
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Nussinov R, Yavuz BR, Jang H. Single cell spatial biology over developmental time can decipher pediatric brain pathologies. Neurobiol Dis 2024; 199:106597. [PMID: 38992777 DOI: 10.1016/j.nbd.2024.106597] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/27/2024] [Revised: 06/18/2024] [Accepted: 07/07/2024] [Indexed: 07/13/2024] Open
Abstract
Pediatric low grade brain tumors and neurodevelopmental disorders share proteins, signaling pathways, and networks. They also share germline mutations and an impaired prenatal differentiation origin. They may differ in the timing of the events and proliferation. We suggest that their pivotal distinct, albeit partially overlapping, outcomes relate to the cell states, which depend on their spatial location, and timing of gene expression during brain development. These attributes are crucial as the brain develops sequentially, and single-cell spatial organization influences cell state, thus function. Our underlying premise is that the root cause in neurodevelopmental disorders and pediatric tumors is impaired prenatal differentiation. Data related to pediatric brain tumors, neurodevelopmental disorders, brain cell (sub)types, locations, and timing of expression in the developing brain are scant. However, emerging single cell technologies, including transcriptomic, spatial biology, spatial high-resolution imaging performed over the brain developmental time, could be transformational in deciphering brain pathologies thereby pharmacology.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ruth Nussinov
- Computational Structural Biology Section, Frederick National Laboratory for Cancer Research, Frederick, MD 21702, USA; Cancer Innovation Laboratory, National Cancer Institute at Frederick, Frederick, MD 21702, USA; Department of Human Molecular Genetics and Biochemistry, Sackler School of Medicine, Tel Aviv University, Tel Aviv 69978, Israel.
| | - Bengi Ruken Yavuz
- Cancer Innovation Laboratory, National Cancer Institute at Frederick, Frederick, MD 21702, USA
| | - Hyunbum Jang
- Computational Structural Biology Section, Frederick National Laboratory for Cancer Research, Frederick, MD 21702, USA; Cancer Innovation Laboratory, National Cancer Institute at Frederick, Frederick, MD 21702, USA
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