2151
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Nieh MP, Guiver MD, Kim DS, Ding J, Norsten T. Morphology of Comb-Shaped Proton Exchange Membrane Copolymers Based on a Neutron Scattering Study. Macromolecules 2008. [DOI: 10.1021/ma800470j] [Citation(s) in RCA: 37] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/29/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Mu-Ping Nieh
- Canadian Neutron Beam Centre, Steacie Institute for Molecular Sciences, National Research Council of Canada, Chalk River Laboratory, Chalk River, Ontario K0J 1J0, Canada, and Institute for Chemical Process and Environmental Technology, National Research Council of Canada, Ottawa, Ontario K1A 0R6, Canada
| | - Michael D. Guiver
- Canadian Neutron Beam Centre, Steacie Institute for Molecular Sciences, National Research Council of Canada, Chalk River Laboratory, Chalk River, Ontario K0J 1J0, Canada, and Institute for Chemical Process and Environmental Technology, National Research Council of Canada, Ottawa, Ontario K1A 0R6, Canada
| | - Dae Sik Kim
- Canadian Neutron Beam Centre, Steacie Institute for Molecular Sciences, National Research Council of Canada, Chalk River Laboratory, Chalk River, Ontario K0J 1J0, Canada, and Institute for Chemical Process and Environmental Technology, National Research Council of Canada, Ottawa, Ontario K1A 0R6, Canada
| | - Jianfu Ding
- Canadian Neutron Beam Centre, Steacie Institute for Molecular Sciences, National Research Council of Canada, Chalk River Laboratory, Chalk River, Ontario K0J 1J0, Canada, and Institute for Chemical Process and Environmental Technology, National Research Council of Canada, Ottawa, Ontario K1A 0R6, Canada
| | - Tyler Norsten
- Canadian Neutron Beam Centre, Steacie Institute for Molecular Sciences, National Research Council of Canada, Chalk River Laboratory, Chalk River, Ontario K0J 1J0, Canada, and Institute for Chemical Process and Environmental Technology, National Research Council of Canada, Ottawa, Ontario K1A 0R6, Canada
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2152
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Hashemnia S, Ghourchian H, Moosavi-Movahedi AA, Faridnouri H. Direct electrochemistry of chemically modified catalase immobilized on an oxidatively activated glassy carbon electrode. J APPL ELECTROCHEM 2008. [DOI: 10.1007/s10800-008-9631-2] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/30/2022]
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2153
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Venkatesan S, Kumar AS, Zen JM. Oxidation of alcohols with molecular oxygen promoted by Nafion ionomer anchored pyrochlore composite at room temperature. Tetrahedron Lett 2008. [DOI: 10.1016/j.tetlet.2008.05.046] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/30/2022]
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2154
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Inorganic–organic hybrid polymers with pendent sulfonated cyclic phosphazene side groups as potential proton conductive materials for direct methanol fuel cells. J Memb Sci 2008. [DOI: 10.1016/j.memsci.2008.03.072] [Citation(s) in RCA: 37] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/21/2022]
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2155
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Zhang X, Tay SW, Hong L, Liu Z. In situ implantation of PolyPOSS blocks in Nafion® matrix to promote its performance in direct methanol fuel cell. J Memb Sci 2008. [DOI: 10.1016/j.memsci.2008.04.013] [Citation(s) in RCA: 19] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/29/2022]
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2156
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Lee W, Kim H, Lee H. Proton exchange membrane using partially sulfonated polystyrene-b-poly(dimethylsiloxane) for direct methanol fuel cell. J Memb Sci 2008. [DOI: 10.1016/j.memsci.2008.03.066] [Citation(s) in RCA: 24] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/15/2022]
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2157
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Rivera H, Lawton JS, Budil DE, Smotkin ES. Effect of Sorbed Methanol, Current, and Temperature on Multicomponent Transport in Nafion-Based Direct Methanol Fuel Cells. J Phys Chem B 2008; 112:8542-8. [DOI: 10.1021/jp803158h] [Citation(s) in RCA: 24] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/28/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Harry Rivera
- Department of Chemistry, University of Puerto Rico at Rio Piedras, San Juan, Puerto Rico 00931, and Department of Chemistry and Chemical Biology, Northeastern University, Boston, Massachusetts, 02115
| | - Jamie S. Lawton
- Department of Chemistry, University of Puerto Rico at Rio Piedras, San Juan, Puerto Rico 00931, and Department of Chemistry and Chemical Biology, Northeastern University, Boston, Massachusetts, 02115
| | - David E. Budil
- Department of Chemistry, University of Puerto Rico at Rio Piedras, San Juan, Puerto Rico 00931, and Department of Chemistry and Chemical Biology, Northeastern University, Boston, Massachusetts, 02115
| | - Eugene S. Smotkin
- Department of Chemistry, University of Puerto Rico at Rio Piedras, San Juan, Puerto Rico 00931, and Department of Chemistry and Chemical Biology, Northeastern University, Boston, Massachusetts, 02115
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2158
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Moretto LM, Kohls T, Chovin A, Sojic N, Ugo P. Epifluorescence imaging of electrochemically switchable Langmuir-Blodgett films of Nafion. LANGMUIR : THE ACS JOURNAL OF SURFACES AND COLLOIDS 2008; 24:6367-6374. [PMID: 18476666 DOI: 10.1021/la703998e] [Citation(s) in RCA: 21] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/26/2023]
Abstract
A combination of electrochemistry and luminescence methods was exploited to obtain information on the electrochemical activity and homogeneity of Nafion Langmuir-Blodgett films. The redox behavior of the Ru(bpy)3(2+) probe incorporated in the Nafion film was monitored by epifluorescence microscopy. The photoluminescent images, recorded by a charge-coupled device (CCD) camera, reflect the distribution of the probe in the film, which resulted as very uniform, particularly in comparison with spin-coated films. Apparent diffusion coefficients (Dapp) determined by cyclic voltammetry for films of less than 10 layers are in the range of 1 x 10(-12) to 8 x 10(-12) cm(2) s(-1), that is, 2 orders of magnitude lower than values reported in the literature for spin-coated Nafion films. The application to the electrode of a potential able to oxidize the luminescent Ru(bpy)3(2+) to the nonluminescent Ru(bpy)3(3+) switched off the photoluminescence with a response time that for the LB films was much shorter than that for the spin-coated ones. Experimental evidence and calculations indicate that lowering of the film thickness down to the nanometric level is very effective in shortening the switching time, notwithstanding the lowering of the Dapp value in LB films.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ligia Maria Moretto
- Department of Physical Chemistry, University of Venice, Santa Marta 2137, 30123-Venice, Italy
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2159
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Li J, Wilmsmeyer KG, Madsen LA. Hydrophilic Channel Alignment Modes in Perfluorosulfonate Ionomers: Implications for Proton Transport. Macromolecules 2008. [DOI: 10.1021/ma800971j] [Citation(s) in RCA: 32] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/28/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Jing Li
- Department of Chemistry and Macromolecules and Interfaces Institute, Virginia Polytechnic Institute and State University, Blacksburg, Virginia 24061
| | - Kyle G. Wilmsmeyer
- Department of Chemistry and Macromolecules and Interfaces Institute, Virginia Polytechnic Institute and State University, Blacksburg, Virginia 24061
| | - Louis A. Madsen
- Department of Chemistry and Macromolecules and Interfaces Institute, Virginia Polytechnic Institute and State University, Blacksburg, Virginia 24061
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2160
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Petersen MK, Hatt AJ, Voth GA. Orientational Dynamics of Water in the Nafion Polymer Electrolyte Membrane and Its Relationship to Proton Transport. J Phys Chem B 2008; 112:7754-61. [DOI: 10.1021/jp800221x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 52] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/06/2023]
Affiliation(s)
- Matt K. Petersen
- Department of Chemistry and Center for Biophysical Modeling and Simulation, University of Utah, Salt Lake City, Utah 84112-0850
| | - Alison J. Hatt
- Department of Chemistry and Center for Biophysical Modeling and Simulation, University of Utah, Salt Lake City, Utah 84112-0850
| | - Gregory A. Voth
- Department of Chemistry and Center for Biophysical Modeling and Simulation, University of Utah, Salt Lake City, Utah 84112-0850
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2161
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Grady BP. Review and critical analysis of the morphology of random ionomers across many length scales. POLYM ENG SCI 2008. [DOI: 10.1002/pen.21024] [Citation(s) in RCA: 84] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/11/2022]
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2162
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Tripathi BP, Saxena A, Shahi VK. Phosphonic acid grafted bis(4-γ-aminopropyldiethoxysilylphenyl)sulfone (APDSPS)-poly(vinyl alcohol) cross-linked polyelectrolyte membrane impervious to methanol. J Memb Sci 2008. [DOI: 10.1016/j.memsci.2008.02.052] [Citation(s) in RCA: 37] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/22/2022]
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2163
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Sudhakara Prasad K, Muthuraman G, Zen JM. Direct Electrocatalytic Oxidation of Cysteine and Cystine Based on Nafion/Lead Oxide-Manganese Oxide Combined Catalyst. ELECTROANAL 2008. [DOI: 10.1002/elan.200704133] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/05/2022]
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2164
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Mohamed HF, Ito K, Kobayashi Y, Takimoto N, Takeoka Y, Ohira A. Free volume and permeabilities of O2 and H2 in Nafion membranes for polymer electrolyte fuel cells. POLYMER 2008. [DOI: 10.1016/j.polymer.2008.05.003] [Citation(s) in RCA: 85] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/28/2022]
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2165
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Korzeniewski C, Adams E, Liu D. Responses of hydrophobic and hydrophilic groups in Nafion differentiated by least squares modeling of infrared spectra recorded during thin film hydration. APPLIED SPECTROSCOPY 2008; 62:634-639. [PMID: 18559150 DOI: 10.1366/000370208784658075] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/26/2023]
Abstract
Least squares modeling was applied to gain insights into changes that occur in the structure of Nafion polymer membrane during hydration. Transmission infrared spectra followed changes in the strong polymer bands in the range of 1400-950 cm(-1) during water uptake by initially dry membrane upon exposure to 100% relative humidity atmosphere. Spectra recorded during hydration were fit to a rate equation that modeled the loss of a dry state accompanied by the development of a hydrated state. The evolution of the two states was described by an equation for diffusion in a cylindrical pore in the long time limit. Comparison of the experimental spectra in a data set to spectra calculated from the pure components derived by least squares modeling gave an excellent match for bands of the -CF2 and C-O-C group modes, but agreement was not as close for bands arising from modes of the hydrophilic -SO3(-) group and (modeled separately) water. The differences are discussed in terms of the likelihood that the -SO3(-) groups have stronger interactions with bulk-like water condensed in the membrane and therefore undergo more complex changes than do more hydrophobic polymer regions during hydration. A different model is necessary to describe the evolution of spectral features for water and -SO3(-) end groups during water uptake into Nafion thin films.
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Affiliation(s)
- Carol Korzeniewski
- Department of Chemistry and Biochemistry, Texas Tech University, Lubbock, TX 79409-1061, USA.
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2166
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Parvole J, Jannasch P. Polysulfones Grafted with Poly(vinylphosphonic acid) for Highly Proton Conducting Fuel Cell Membranes in the Hydrated and Nominally Dry State. Macromolecules 2008. [DOI: 10.1021/ma800042m] [Citation(s) in RCA: 162] [Impact Index Per Article: 10.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/29/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Julien Parvole
- Department of Chemistry, Polymer & Materials Chemistry, Lund University, POB 124, SE-221 00 Lund, Sweden
| | - Patric Jannasch
- Department of Chemistry, Polymer & Materials Chemistry, Lund University, POB 124, SE-221 00 Lund, Sweden
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2167
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Bertoncello P, Peruffo M, Li F, Unwin PR. Functional electrochemically-active ultra-thin Nafion films. Colloids Surf A Physicochem Eng Asp 2008. [DOI: 10.1016/j.colsurfa.2007.12.053] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/15/2022]
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2168
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2169
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2170
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Roudgar A, Narasimachary S, Eikerling M. Ab initio study of surface-mediated proton transfer in polymer electrolyte membranes. Chem Phys Lett 2008. [DOI: 10.1016/j.cplett.2008.04.016] [Citation(s) in RCA: 37] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/26/2022]
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2171
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Iacono ST, Ewald D, Sankhe A, Rettenbacher A, Smith DW. Sulfonated Fluorovinylene Aromatic Ether Polymers for Proton Exchange Membranes2. HIGH PERFORM POLYM 2008. [DOI: 10.1177/0954008307081200] [Citation(s) in RCA: 16] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/17/2022]
Abstract
A new semi-fluorinated perfluorocyclobutyl (PFCB) aryl ether containing polymer was prepared in high yield via the condensation of a commercial 4,4'-((1,2,3,3,4,4-hexafluorocyclobutane-1,2-diyl)bis(oxy))bisphenol (bisphenol T) and bis(trifluorovinyloxyether)biphenyl producing transparent, flexible films. The polymer system was structurally characterized using 1H and 19F NMR and exhibited a high degree of thermal stability as determined by thermogravimetric analysis capacity. The sulfonated analogue showed the highest degree of sulfonation at 27% from ion-exchange chromatography, producing a conductivity of 0.011 S cm-1 at 100% relative humidity.
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Affiliation(s)
- Scott T. Iacono
- Department of Chemistry and Center for Optical Materials Science and Engineering Technologies (COMSET), Clemson University, Clemson, SC 29634, USA
| | - Dirk Ewald
- Department of Chemistry and Center for Optical Materials Science and Engineering Technologies (COMSET), Clemson University, Clemson, SC 29634, USA
| | - Amit Sankhe
- Department of Chemistry and Center for Optical Materials Science and Engineering Technologies (COMSET), Clemson University, Clemson, SC 29634, USA
| | - Arno Rettenbacher
- Department of Chemistry and Center for Optical Materials Science and Engineering Technologies (COMSET), Clemson University, Clemson, SC 29634, USA
| | - Dennis W. Smith
- Department of Chemistry and Center for Optical Materials Science and Engineering Technologies (COMSET), Clemson University, Clemson, SC 29634, USA
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2172
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Methanol Barriers Derived from Layer-by-Layer Assembly of Poly(ethersulfone)s for High Performance Direct Methanol Fuel Cells. B KOREAN CHEM SOC 2008. [DOI: 10.5012/bkcs.2008.29.4.842] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/20/2022]
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2173
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Kim SJ, Han J. Self-sealed vertical polymeric nanoporous-junctions for high-throughput nanofluidic applications. Anal Chem 2008; 80:3507-11. [PMID: 18380489 DOI: 10.1021/ac800157q] [Citation(s) in RCA: 97] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/18/2022]
Abstract
We developed a reliable but simple integration method of polymeric nanostructure in a poly(dimethylsiloxane) (PDMS)-based microfluidic channel, for nanofluidic applications. The Nafion polymer junction was creased by infiltrating polymer solution between the gaps created by mechanical cutting, without any photolithography or etching processes. The PDMS can seal itself with the heterogeneous polymeric nanoporous material between the PDMS/PDMS gap due to its flexibility without any (covalent) bonding between PDMS and the polymer materials. Thus, one can easily integrate the nanoporous-junction into a PDMS microchip in a leak-free manner with excellent repeatability. We demonstrated nanofluidic preconcentration of proteins (beta-phycoerythrin) using the device. Because the polymeric junction spans across the entire microchannel height, the preconcentration was achieved with high-pressure field or even in large channels, with the dimensions of 1000 microm width x 100 microm depth.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sung Jae Kim
- Department of Electrical Engineering and Computer Science, Massachusetts Institute of Technology, 77 Massachusetts Avenue, Cambridge, Massachusetts 02139, USA
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2174
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Parthasarathy M, Kakade BA, Pillai VK. Tuning the Transport Properties of Poly(oxyethylene)bisamine−Nafion Polyelectrolyte Complexes by Dielectric Manipulation. Macromolecules 2008. [DOI: 10.1021/ma7028677] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/17/2023]
Affiliation(s)
- Meera Parthasarathy
- Physical and Materials Chemistry Division, National Chemical Laboratory, Dr. Homi Bhabha Road, Pune, Maharashtra 411 008, India
| | - Bhalchandra A. Kakade
- Physical and Materials Chemistry Division, National Chemical Laboratory, Dr. Homi Bhabha Road, Pune, Maharashtra 411 008, India
| | - Vijayamohanan K. Pillai
- Physical and Materials Chemistry Division, National Chemical Laboratory, Dr. Homi Bhabha Road, Pune, Maharashtra 411 008, India
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2175
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Selective and quantitative sulfonation of poly(arylene ether ketone)s containing pendant phenyl rings by chlorosulfonic acid. J Memb Sci 2008. [DOI: 10.1016/j.memsci.2008.01.050] [Citation(s) in RCA: 25] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/20/2022]
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2176
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Lee JH, Song YA, Han J. Multiplexed proteomic sample preconcentration device using surface-patterned ion-selective membrane. LAB ON A CHIP 2008; 8:596-601. [PMID: 18369515 PMCID: PMC2394188 DOI: 10.1039/b717900f] [Citation(s) in RCA: 145] [Impact Index Per Article: 9.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/19/2023]
Abstract
In this paper, we report a new method of fabricating a high-throughput protein preconcentrator in poly(dimethylsiloxane) (PDMS) microfluidic chip format. We print a submicron thick ion-selective membrane on the glass substrate by using standard patterning techniques. By simply plasma-bonding a PDMS microfluidic device on top of the printed glass substrate, we can integrate the ion-selective membrane into the device and rapidly prototype a PDMS preconcentrator without complicated microfabrication and cumbersome integration processes. The PDMS preconcentrator shows a concentration factor as high as approximately 10(4) in 5 min. This printing method even allows fabricating a parallel array of preconcentrators to increase the concentrated sample volume, which can facilitate an integration of our microfluidic preconcentrator chip as a signal enhancing tool to various detectors such as a mass spectrometer.
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Affiliation(s)
| | | | - Jongyoon Han
- Corresponding author. Tel: 1-617-253-2290. Fax: 1-617-258-5846. E-mail:
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2177
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Ennari J. Modelling of transport properties and state of water of polyelectrolytes containing various amounts of water. POLYMER 2008. [DOI: 10.1016/j.polymer.2008.03.019] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/22/2022]
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2178
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Fan R, Huh S, Yan R, Arnold J, Yang P. Gated proton transport in aligned mesoporous silica films. NATURE MATERIALS 2008; 7:303-7. [PMID: 18297076 DOI: 10.1038/nmat2127] [Citation(s) in RCA: 136] [Impact Index Per Article: 8.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/22/2007] [Accepted: 01/16/2008] [Indexed: 05/15/2023]
Abstract
Modulated proton transport plays significant roles in biological processes such as ATP synthesis as well as in technologically important applications including, for example, hydrogen fuel cells. The state-of-the-art proton-exchange membrane is the sulphonated tetrafluoroethylene copolymer Nafion developed by DuPont in the late 1960s, with a high proton conductivity. However, actively switchable proton conduction, a functional mimic of the ion transport within a cell membrane, has yet to be realized. Herein, we report the electrostatic gating of proton transport within aligned mesoporous silica thin film. It is observed that surface-charge-mediated transport is dominant at low proton concentrations. We have further demonstrated that the proton conduction can be actively modulated by two-fourfold with a gate voltage as low as 1 V. Such artificial gatable ion transport media could have potential applications in nanofluidic chemical processors, biomolecular separation and electrochemical energy conversion.
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Affiliation(s)
- Rong Fan
- Department of Chemistry, University of California, Berkeley, California 94720, USA
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2179
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Kannan R, Kakade B, Pillai V. Polymer Electrolyte Fuel Cells Using Nafion-Based Composite Membranes with Functionalized Carbon Nanotubes. Angew Chem Int Ed Engl 2008. [DOI: 10.1002/ange.200704343] [Citation(s) in RCA: 26] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/07/2022]
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2180
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Kannan R, Kakade B, Pillai V. Polymer Electrolyte Fuel Cells Using Nafion-Based Composite Membranes with Functionalized Carbon Nanotubes. Angew Chem Int Ed Engl 2008; 47:2653-6. [DOI: 10.1002/anie.200704343] [Citation(s) in RCA: 219] [Impact Index Per Article: 13.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/10/2022]
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2181
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Zhang W, Li MKS, Yue PL, Gao P. Exfoliated Pt-clay/Nafion nanocomposite membrane for self-humidifying polymer electrolyte fuel cells. LANGMUIR : THE ACS JOURNAL OF SURFACES AND COLLOIDS 2008; 24:2663-2670. [PMID: 18254647 DOI: 10.1021/la702153v] [Citation(s) in RCA: 26] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/25/2023]
Abstract
Monolayers of Pt nanoparticles of diameters of 2-3 nm with a high crystallinity were successfully anchored onto exfoliated nanoclay surfaces using a novel chemical vapor deposition process. Chemical bonding of Pt to the oxygen on the clay surface ensured the stability of the Pt nanoparticles, and hence, no leaching of Pt particles was observed after a prolonged ultrasonication and a rigorous mechanical agitation of Pt-clay in the Nafion solution during the membrane casting process. Systematic analysis using WAXD and TEM showed that the recasting process produced a new self-humidifying exfoliated Pt-clay/Nafion nanocomposite membrane with a high crystallinity and proton conductivity. In situ water production for humidification of the dry membranes without any external humidification was characterized by a combined water uptake and FTIR analysis of the as-prepared membrane after a single cell testing without using electrodes. The power density at 0.5 V of a single cell made of a Pt-clay/Nafion nanocomposite membrane was 723 mW/cm2, which is 170% higher than that made of a commercial Nafion 112 membrane of similar thickness. No compromise in mechanical properties was observed.
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Affiliation(s)
- Wenjing Zhang
- Department of Chemical Engineering, Hong Kong University of Science and Technology, Clear Water Bay, Kowloon, Hong Kong, People's Republic of China
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2182
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Degradation mechanism study of perfluorinated proton exchange membrane under fuel cell operating conditions. Electrochim Acta 2008. [DOI: 10.1016/j.electacta.2007.11.010] [Citation(s) in RCA: 138] [Impact Index Per Article: 8.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/22/2022]
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2183
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Park MJ, Nedoma AJ, Geissler PL, Balsara NP, Jackson A, Cookson D. Humidity-Induced Phase Transitions in Ion-Containing Block Copolymer Membranes. Macromolecules 2008. [DOI: 10.1021/ma702320t] [Citation(s) in RCA: 39] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/29/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Moon Jeong Park
- Department of Chemical Engineering and Department of Chemistry, University of California, Berkeley, California 94720, and Materials Sciences Division, Physical Biosciences Division, Chemical Sciences Division, and Environmental Energy Technologies Division, Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory, University of California, Berkeley, California 94720
| | - Alisyn J. Nedoma
- Department of Chemical Engineering and Department of Chemistry, University of California, Berkeley, California 94720, and Materials Sciences Division, Physical Biosciences Division, Chemical Sciences Division, and Environmental Energy Technologies Division, Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory, University of California, Berkeley, California 94720
| | - Phillip L. Geissler
- Department of Chemical Engineering and Department of Chemistry, University of California, Berkeley, California 94720, and Materials Sciences Division, Physical Biosciences Division, Chemical Sciences Division, and Environmental Energy Technologies Division, Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory, University of California, Berkeley, California 94720
| | - Nitash P. Balsara
- Department of Chemical Engineering and Department of Chemistry, University of California, Berkeley, California 94720, and Materials Sciences Division, Physical Biosciences Division, Chemical Sciences Division, and Environmental Energy Technologies Division, Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory, University of California, Berkeley, California 94720
| | - Andrew Jackson
- NIST Center for Neutron Research, National Institute of Standards and Technology, Gaithersburg, Maryland 20899, and Department of Materials Science and Engineering, University of Maryland, College Park, Maryland 20742
| | - David Cookson
- Australian Synchrotron Research Program, Bldg 343, Advanced Photon Source, Argonne National Laboratory, 9700 South Cass Avenue, Argonne, Illinois 60439
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2184
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Hristov IH, Paddison SJ, Paul R. Molecular Modeling of Proton Transport in the Short-Side-Chain Perfluorosulfonic Acid Ionomer. J Phys Chem B 2008; 112:2937-49. [DOI: 10.1021/jp7108434] [Citation(s) in RCA: 82] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/28/2023]
Affiliation(s)
- Iordan H. Hristov
- Department of Chemistry, University of Calgary, 2500 University Drive NW, Calgary, T2N 1N4 Canada, and Department of Chemical and Biomolecular Engineering, University of Tennessee, Knoxville, Tennessee 37996
| | - Stephen J. Paddison
- Department of Chemistry, University of Calgary, 2500 University Drive NW, Calgary, T2N 1N4 Canada, and Department of Chemical and Biomolecular Engineering, University of Tennessee, Knoxville, Tennessee 37996
| | - Reginald Paul
- Department of Chemistry, University of Calgary, 2500 University Drive NW, Calgary, T2N 1N4 Canada, and Department of Chemical and Biomolecular Engineering, University of Tennessee, Knoxville, Tennessee 37996
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2185
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Takimoto N, Ohira A, Takeoka Y, Rikukawa M. Surface Morphology and Proton Conduction Imaging of Nafion Membrane. CHEM LETT 2008. [DOI: 10.1246/cl.2008.164] [Citation(s) in RCA: 22] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/13/2022]
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2186
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Lee HS, Roy A, Lane O, Dunn S, McGrath JE. Hydrophilic–hydrophobic multiblock copolymers based on poly(arylene ether sulfone) via low-temperature coupling reactions for proton exchange membrane fuel cells. POLYMER 2008. [DOI: 10.1016/j.polymer.2007.12.023] [Citation(s) in RCA: 200] [Impact Index Per Article: 12.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/26/2022]
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2187
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2188
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Individually addressable microelectrode array for monitoring oxygen and nitric oxide release. Anal Bioanal Chem 2008; 390:1379-87. [DOI: 10.1007/s00216-007-1803-0] [Citation(s) in RCA: 19] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/10/2007] [Revised: 12/07/2007] [Accepted: 12/12/2007] [Indexed: 10/22/2022]
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2189
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Tang HL, Pan M, Wang F. A mechanical durability comparison of various perfluocarbon proton exchange membranes. J Appl Polym Sci 2008. [DOI: 10.1002/app.28343] [Citation(s) in RCA: 42] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/10/2022]
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2190
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Schmidt-Rohr K, Chen Q. Parallel cylindrical water nanochannels in Nafion fuel-cell membranes. NATURE MATERIALS 2008; 7:75-83. [PMID: 18066069 DOI: 10.1038/nmat2074] [Citation(s) in RCA: 727] [Impact Index Per Article: 45.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/05/2007] [Accepted: 11/01/2007] [Indexed: 05/12/2023]
Abstract
The structure of the Nafion ionomer used in proton-exchange membranes of H(2)/O(2) fuel cells has long been contentious. Using a recently introduced algorithm, we have quantitatively simulated previously published small-angle scattering data of hydrated Nafion. The characteristic 'ionomer peak' arises from long parallel but otherwise randomly packed water channels surrounded by partially hydrophilic side branches, forming inverted-micelle cylinders. At 20 vol% water, the water channels have diameters of between 1.8 and 3.5 nm, with an average of 2.4 nm. Nafion crystallites (approximately 10 vol%), which form physical crosslinks that are crucial for the mechanical properties of Nafion films, are elongated and parallel to the water channels, with cross-sections of approximately (5 nm)(2). Simulations for various other models of Nafion, including Gierke's cluster and the polymer-bundle model, do not match the scattering data. The new model can explain important features of Nafion, including fast diffusion of water and protons through Nafion and its persistence at low temperatures.
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Affiliation(s)
- Klaus Schmidt-Rohr
- Ames Laboratory and Department of Chemistry, Iowa State University, Ames 50011, USA.
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2191
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Proton-Conducting Mesoporous Silica/Phosphate Composite Films Prepared by Vapor Phase Method. ACTA ACUST UNITED AC 2008. [DOI: 10.1149/1.2801541] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/16/2022]
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2192
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Xi J, Wu Z, Teng X, Zhao Y, Chen L, Qiu X. Self-assembled polyelectrolyte multilayer modified Nafion membrane with suppressed vanadium ion crossover for vanadium redox flow batteries. ACTA ACUST UNITED AC 2008. [DOI: 10.1039/b718526j] [Citation(s) in RCA: 235] [Impact Index Per Article: 14.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/21/2022]
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2193
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Sagarik K, Phonyiem M, Lao-ngam C, Chaiwongwattana S. Mechanisms of proton transfer in Nafion®: elementary reactions at the sulfonic acid groups. Phys Chem Chem Phys 2008; 10:2098-112. [DOI: 10.1039/b718480h] [Citation(s) in RCA: 46] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/26/2023]
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2194
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Perles CE. Propriedades físico-químicas relacionadas ao desenvolvimento de membranas de Nafion® para aplicações em células a combustível do tipo PEMFC. POLIMEROS 2008. [DOI: 10.1590/s0104-14282008000400005] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/22/2022]
Abstract
Embora não seja tecnologia recente, as células a combustível ou Fuel Cells (FC) continuam recebendo grande atenção, pois são consideradas como "fontes de energia do futuro" devido a características como alto rendimento energético e baixa emissão de poluentes, permitindo a extensão o tempo de vida das reservas fósseis e contribuindo para a melhoria da qualidade de vida. Atualmente, as pesquisas estão direcionadas, principalmente, ao desenvolvimento de FC para aplicações em sistemas móveis e portáteis. De todas as tecnologias existentes, a mais promissora para essa finalidade é a célula a combustível de eletrólito polimérico, conhecida como PEMFC (Polymer Electrolyte Fuel Cell) cuja pesquisa encontra-se focada, principalmente, no desenvolvimento de membranas poliméricas, com o objetivo de reduzir os custos de produção. Este trabalho será focado nos aspectos físico-químicos do desenvolvimento de membranas poliméricas. Serão discutidos aspectos estruturais do Nafion® relacionado-os as seguintes propriedades físico-químicas: fluxo eletrosmótico, permeabilidade gasosa, transporte de água através da membrana, estabilidade química e térmica. Toda a discussão será realizada para polímeros perfluorados, utilizando o Nafion® como modelo representante dessa classe de polímeros.
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2195
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Nakabayashi K, Matsumoto K, Ueda M. Synthesis and properties of sulfonated multiblock copoly(ether sulfone)s by a chain extender. ACTA ACUST UNITED AC 2008. [DOI: 10.1002/pola.22735] [Citation(s) in RCA: 74] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/12/2022]
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2196
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Xiuchong H, Haolin T, Mu P. Synthesis and performance of water-retention PEMs with nafion-intercalating-montmorillonite hybrid. J Appl Polym Sci 2008. [DOI: 10.1002/app.27676] [Citation(s) in RCA: 26] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/07/2022]
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2197
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2198
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Grosmaire L, Castagnoni S, Huguet P, Sistat P, Boucher M, Bouchard P, Bébin P, Deabate S. Probing proton dissociation in ionic polymers by means of in situ ATR-FTIR spectroscopy. Phys Chem Chem Phys 2008; 10:1577-83. [DOI: 10.1039/b714870d] [Citation(s) in RCA: 32] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/21/2022]
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2199
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Matsumura S, Hlil AR, Lepiller C, Gaudet J, Guay D, Hay AS. Ionomers for Proton Exchange Membrane Fuel Cells with Sulfonic Acid Groups on the End Groups: Novel Linear Aromatic Poly(sulfide−ketone)s. Macromolecules 2007. [DOI: 10.1021/ma071423p] [Citation(s) in RCA: 85] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/30/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Sumiko Matsumura
- Department of Chemistry, McGill University, Montreal, Quebec H3A2K6, Canada, and INRS-Énergie, Matériaux et Télécommunications, PO Box 1020, Varennes, Quebec J3X1S2, Canada
| | - Antisar R. Hlil
- Department of Chemistry, McGill University, Montreal, Quebec H3A2K6, Canada, and INRS-Énergie, Matériaux et Télécommunications, PO Box 1020, Varennes, Quebec J3X1S2, Canada
| | - Catherine Lepiller
- Department of Chemistry, McGill University, Montreal, Quebec H3A2K6, Canada, and INRS-Énergie, Matériaux et Télécommunications, PO Box 1020, Varennes, Quebec J3X1S2, Canada
| | - Julie Gaudet
- Department of Chemistry, McGill University, Montreal, Quebec H3A2K6, Canada, and INRS-Énergie, Matériaux et Télécommunications, PO Box 1020, Varennes, Quebec J3X1S2, Canada
| | - Daniel Guay
- Department of Chemistry, McGill University, Montreal, Quebec H3A2K6, Canada, and INRS-Énergie, Matériaux et Télécommunications, PO Box 1020, Varennes, Quebec J3X1S2, Canada
| | - Allan S. Hay
- Department of Chemistry, McGill University, Montreal, Quebec H3A2K6, Canada, and INRS-Énergie, Matériaux et Télécommunications, PO Box 1020, Varennes, Quebec J3X1S2, Canada
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2200
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PEO–PPO–PEO triblock copolymer/Nafion blend as membrane material for intermediate temperature DMFCs. J APPL ELECTROCHEM 2007. [DOI: 10.1007/s10800-007-9471-5] [Citation(s) in RCA: 18] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/22/2022]
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