201
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Lin W, Tong C, Zhang W, Cen W, Wang Y, Li J, Zhu Z, Yu J, Lu B. Silencing ARAF Suppresses the Malignant Phenotypes of Gallbladder Cancer Cells. Biomed Res Int 2020; 2020:3235786. [PMID: 32923479 DOI: 10.1155/2020/3235786] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/06/2020] [Revised: 07/15/2020] [Accepted: 07/22/2020] [Indexed: 01/10/2023]
Abstract
ARAF is a member of the RAF kinase family that is necessary for mitogen-activated protein kinase (MAPK) activation in various malignancies, including lung, colorectal, pancreatic, and breast cancers. As the most common biliary tract tumor, gallbladder cancer (GBC) seriously harms human health while the function of ARAF in GBC remains elusive. Here, we found that ARAF expression was upregulated in gallbladder cancer tissues. In vitro, ARAF silencing mediated by RNA interference effectively inhibited cell proliferation, colony formation, migration, and invasion of GBC cells. Moreover, knocking down ARAF suppressed tumor growth in vivo. Our results indicated that ARAF functions as an oncogene in GBC and, thus, could be a potential therapeutic target for GBC.
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202
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Lee Y, Bae BN. Transmural Mesh Migration From the Abdominal Wall to the Rectum After Hernia Repair Using a Prolene Mesh: A Case Report. Ann Coloproctol 2020; 37:S28-S33. [PMID: 32674553 PMCID: PMC8359694 DOI: 10.3393/ac.2020.04.19] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/16/2019] [Accepted: 04/19/2020] [Indexed: 12/29/2022] Open
Abstract
Mesh erosion or migration is a rare and late complication after hernia repair. Its incidence is increasing as the utilization of prosthetic mesh gains popularity for abdominal hernia repair. However, mesh migration is exceedingly rare and its clinical presentation is atypical and diverse. Therefore, the management of mesh migration should be individualized to each patient. This research reports the case of a 94-year-old man with transmural migration of Prolene mesh (Ethicon) from the abdominal wall to the rectum 14 years after incisional hernia repair. He presented with only chronic abdominal pain and constipation. Migration of the mesh and a fistula between the right abdominal wall and transverse colon was observed on computed tomography. The mesh was evacuated manually from the anus without any sequelae. These findings made this case atypical, since complete transluminal migration of mesh is exceedingly rare and mesh erosion or migration requires surgical treatment in many cases.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yujin Lee
- Department of General Surgery, Sanggye Paik Hospital, Inje University College of Medicine, Seoul, Korea
| | - Byung-Noe Bae
- Department of General Surgery, Sanggye Paik Hospital, Inje University College of Medicine, Seoul, Korea
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203
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Chandra P, Dixit R, Pratap A, Mishra S, Mishra R, Shukla VK. Analysis of SET and MYND Domain-Containing Protein 3 (SMYD3) Expression in Gallbladder Cancer: a Pilot Study. Indian J Surg Oncol 2020; 12:111-117. [PMID: 33994736 DOI: 10.1007/s13193-020-01168-6] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/26/2020] [Accepted: 07/07/2020] [Indexed: 11/29/2022] Open
Abstract
The Suvar, Enhancer of zeste, and Trithorax (SET) and myeloid-Nervy-DEAF-1 (MYND) domain-containing protein 3 (SMYD3) is a histone lysine methyltransferase and has been recently unveiled to play significant roles in the progression of human cancer via regulating various key cancer-associated genes and pathways. The role of SMYD3 in gallbladder cancer (GBC) still needs to be studied. In the present study, we examined the SMYD3 gene expression at mRNA and protein level to look its impact on risk for developing gallbladder carcinogenesis. SMYD3 expression was evaluated by immunohistochemistry and reverse transcriptase PCR (RT-PCR) from 30 cases each of GBC and cholelithiasis patients. The expression was compared with different clinicopathological parameters. The SMYD3 expression was found to be significantly upregulated in GBC than cholelithiasis group (p < 0.05). The SMYD3 with increased expression level was observed in 73.3% of the GBC cases (p < 0.05). Moreover, mRNA SMYD3 expression was observed in 73.3% of GBC and 10% of control (p < 0.05). Our results indicated that the overexpression of SMYD3 plays an important role in the GBC progression, and SMYD3 may represent useful biomarker for gallbladder cancer patients.
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Affiliation(s)
- Pushkar Chandra
- Department of General Surgery, Institute of Medical Sciences, Banaras Hindu University, Varanasi, 221 005 India
| | - Ruhi Dixit
- Department of General Surgery, Institute of Medical Sciences, Banaras Hindu University, Varanasi, 221 005 India
| | - Arvind Pratap
- Department of General Surgery, Institute of Medical Sciences, Banaras Hindu University, Varanasi, 221 005 India
| | - Suman Mishra
- Department of Zoology, Institute of Science, Banaras Hindu University, Varanasi, India
| | - Rajnikant Mishra
- Department of Zoology, Institute of Science, Banaras Hindu University, Varanasi, India
| | - Vijay Kumar Shukla
- Department of General Surgery, Institute of Medical Sciences, Banaras Hindu University, Varanasi, 221 005 India
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204
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Martin SG, Zhang S, Yang S, Saidy B, Deen S, Storr SJ. Dopamine and cAMP-regulated phosphoprotein 32kDa (DARPP-32), protein phosphatase-1 and cyclin-dependent kinase 5 expression in ovarian cancer. J Cell Mol Med 2020; 24:9165-9175. [PMID: 32588513 PMCID: PMC7417681 DOI: 10.1111/jcmm.15553] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/29/2019] [Revised: 04/06/2020] [Accepted: 06/07/2020] [Indexed: 12/14/2022] Open
Abstract
Dopamine and cyclic‐AMP activated phosphoprotein Mr32kDa (DARPP‐32) is a central signalling protein in neurotransmission. Following DARPP‐32 phosphorylation by protein kinase A (PKA), DARPP‐32 becomes a potent protein phosphatase 1 (PP1) inhibitor. DARPP‐32 can itself inhibit PKA following DARPP‐32 phosphorylation by cyclin‐dependent kinase 5 (Cdk5). Increasing evidence indicates a role for DARPP‐32 and its associated signalling pathways in cancer; however, its role in ovarian cancer remains unclear. Using immunohistochemistry, expression of DARPP‐32, PP1 and Cdk5 was determined in a large cohort of primary tumours from ovarian cancer patients (n = 428, 445 and 434 respectively) to evaluate associations between clinical outcome and clinicopathological criteria. Low cytoplasmic and nuclear DARPP‐32 expression was associated with shorter patient overall survival and progression‐free survival (P = .001, .001, .004 and .037 respectively). Low nuclear and cytoplasmic DARPP‐32 expression remained significantly associated with overall survival in multivariate Cox regression (P = .045, hazard ratio (HR) = 0.734, 95% confidence interval (CI) = 0.542‐0.993 and P = .001, HR = 0.494, 95% CI = 0.325‐0.749, respectively). High cytoplasmic and nuclear PP1 expression was associated with shorter patient overall survival and high cytoplasmic PP1 expression with shorter progression‐free survival (P = .005, .033, and .037, respectively). High Cdk5 expression was associated with shorter progression‐free survival (P = .006). These data suggest a role for DARPP‐32 and associated signalling kinases as prognostic markers with clinical utility in ovarian cancer.
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Affiliation(s)
- Stewart G Martin
- Nottingham Breast Cancer Research Centre, Division of Cancer and Stem Cells, School of Medicine, University of Nottingham Biodiscovery Institute, Nottingham, UK
| | - Siwei Zhang
- Nottingham Breast Cancer Research Centre, Division of Cancer and Stem Cells, School of Medicine, University of Nottingham Biodiscovery Institute, Nottingham, UK
| | - Song Yang
- Nottingham Breast Cancer Research Centre, Division of Cancer and Stem Cells, School of Medicine, University of Nottingham Biodiscovery Institute, Nottingham, UK
| | - Behnaz Saidy
- Nottingham Breast Cancer Research Centre, Division of Cancer and Stem Cells, School of Medicine, University of Nottingham Biodiscovery Institute, Nottingham, UK
| | | | - Sarah J Storr
- Nottingham Breast Cancer Research Centre, Division of Cancer and Stem Cells, School of Medicine, University of Nottingham Biodiscovery Institute, Nottingham, UK
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205
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Elsalem L, Jum'ah AA, Alfaqih MA, Aloudat O. The Bacterial Microbiota of Gastrointestinal Cancers: Role in Cancer Pathogenesis and Therapeutic Perspectives. Clin Exp Gastroenterol 2020; 13:151-185. [PMID: 32440192 PMCID: PMC7211962 DOI: 10.2147/ceg.s243337] [Citation(s) in RCA: 16] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/22/2019] [Accepted: 04/13/2020] [Indexed: 12/24/2022] Open
Abstract
The microbiota has an essential role in the pathogenesis of many gastrointestinal diseases including cancer. This effect is mediated through different mechanisms such as damaging DNA, activation of oncogenic pathways, production of carcinogenic metabolites, stimulation of chronic inflammation, and inhibition of antitumor immunity. Recently, the concept of "pharmacomicrobiomics" has emerged as a new field concerned with exploring the interplay between drugs and microbes. Mounting evidence indicates that the microbiota and their metabolites have a major impact on the pharmacodynamics and therapeutic responses toward anticancer drugs including conventional chemotherapy and molecular-targeted therapeutics. In addition, microbiota appears as an attractive target for cancer prevention and treatment. In this review, we discuss the role of bacterial microbiota in the pathogenesis of different cancer types affecting the gastrointestinal tract system. We also scrutinize the evidence regarding the role of microbiota in anticancer drug responses. Further, we discuss the use of probiotics, fecal microbiota transplantation, and antibiotics, either alone or in combination with anticancer drugs for prevention and treatment of gastrointestinal tract cancers.
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Affiliation(s)
- Lina Elsalem
- Department of Pharmacology, Faculty of Medicine, Jordan University of Science and Technology, Irbid, Jordan
| | - Ahmad A Jum'ah
- Department of Conservative Dentistry, Faculty of Dentistry, Jordan University of Science and Technology, Irbid, Jordan
| | - Mahmoud A Alfaqih
- Department of Physiology and Biochemistry, Faculty of Medicine, Jordan University of Science and Technology, Irbid, Jordan
| | - Osama Aloudat
- Faculty of Medicine, Jordan University of Science and Technology, Irbid, Jordan
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206
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Claro M, Santos DC, Sousa D, Colaço M, Martins JA. Cecal Perforation by a Large Gallstone: An Unusual Diagnosis. Cureus 2020; 12:e7859. [PMID: 32483509 PMCID: PMC7255080 DOI: 10.7759/cureus.7859] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/15/2022] Open
Abstract
Cholecystocolic fistulas are uncommon, with rare cases of colonic obstruction described in the literature and even rarer cases of intestinal perforation due to gallstones. We describe a case of a 73-year-old man who presented to our ED with complaints of diffuse abdominal pain, vomiting, constipation, and fever for the past week. Abdomen CT showed signs of acute perforated appendicitis. An exploratory laparotomy was proposed which revealed cecal perforation caused by a 3 cm gallstone. A right colectomy was performed with primary anastomosis, without cholecystectomy or fistula repair. The postoperative period was complicated due to an anastomotic dehiscence on day 12 with the need for a re-laparotomy with an ileotransverse colostomy confection. The patient was in the ICU care for five days and was discharged on the 13th day after the second intervention. The clinical presentation of gallstone ileus is nonspecific and vague often leading to a delay in the diagnosis and treatment. CT scan has the best specificity and sensibility for the diagnosis but abdominal X-ray may show the pathognomonic Rigler´s triad. The surgical treatment consists of removing the gallstone with or without simultaneous cholecystectomy and fistula repair. Reports of colonic perforation due to gallstones are very scarce, which makes this a very low suspicion diagnosis. The ideal surgical approach is not established. The morbidity of these cases can reach 50%.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mariana Claro
- General Surgery, Hospital do Litoral Alentejano, Santiago do Cacém, PRT
| | - Daniel C Santos
- General Surgery, Hospital do Litoral Alentejano, Santiago do Cacém, PRT
| | - Diogo Sousa
- General Surgery, Hospital do Litoral Alentejano, Santiago do Cacém, PRT
| | - Manuel Colaço
- General Surgery, Hospital do Litoral Alentejano, Santiago do Cacém, PRT
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207
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Bekric D, Neureiter D, Ritter M, Jakab M, Gaisberger M, Pichler M, Kiesslich T, Mayr C. Long Non-Coding RNAs in Biliary Tract Cancer-An Up-to-Date Review. J Clin Med 2020; 9:jcm9041200. [PMID: 32331331 PMCID: PMC7231154 DOI: 10.3390/jcm9041200] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/03/2020] [Revised: 03/31/2020] [Accepted: 04/07/2020] [Indexed: 02/07/2023] Open
Abstract
The term long non-coding RNA (lncRNA) describes non protein-coding transcripts with a length greater than 200 base pairs. The ongoing discovery, characterization and functional categorization of lncRNAs has led to a better understanding of the involvement of lncRNAs in diverse biological and pathological processes including cancer. Aberrant expression of specific lncRNA species was demonstrated in various cancer types and associated with unfavorable clinical characteristics. Recent studies suggest that lncRNAs are also involved in the development and progression of biliary tract cancer, a rare disease with high mortality and limited therapeutic options. In this review, we summarize current findings regarding the manifold roles of lncRNAs in biliary tract cancer and give an overview of the clinical and molecular consequences of aberrant lncRNA expression as well as of underlying regulatory functions of selected lncRNA species in the context of biliary tract cancer.
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Affiliation(s)
- Dino Bekric
- Institute of Physiology and Pathophysiology, Paracelsus Medical University, 5020 Salzburg, Austria; (D.B.); (M.R.); (M.J.); (M.G.); (T.K.)
| | - Daniel Neureiter
- Institute of Pathology, Paracelsus Medical University/Salzburger Landeskliniken (SALK), 5020 Salzburg, Austria;
- Cancer Cluster Salzburg, 5020 Salzburg, Austria
| | - Markus Ritter
- Institute of Physiology and Pathophysiology, Paracelsus Medical University, 5020 Salzburg, Austria; (D.B.); (M.R.); (M.J.); (M.G.); (T.K.)
- Ludwig Boltzmann Institute for Arthritis and Rehabilitation, Paracelsus Medical University, 5020 Salzburg, Austria
- Gastein Research Institute, Paracelsus Medical University, 5020 Salzburg, Austria
| | - Martin Jakab
- Institute of Physiology and Pathophysiology, Paracelsus Medical University, 5020 Salzburg, Austria; (D.B.); (M.R.); (M.J.); (M.G.); (T.K.)
| | - Martin Gaisberger
- Institute of Physiology and Pathophysiology, Paracelsus Medical University, 5020 Salzburg, Austria; (D.B.); (M.R.); (M.J.); (M.G.); (T.K.)
- Ludwig Boltzmann Institute for Arthritis and Rehabilitation, Paracelsus Medical University, 5020 Salzburg, Austria
- Gastein Research Institute, Paracelsus Medical University, 5020 Salzburg, Austria
| | - Martin Pichler
- Research Unit of Non-Coding RNAs and Genome Editing, Division of Clinical Oncology, Department of Medicine, Comprehensive Cancer Center Graz, Medical University of Graz, 8036 Graz, Austria;
| | - Tobias Kiesslich
- Institute of Physiology and Pathophysiology, Paracelsus Medical University, 5020 Salzburg, Austria; (D.B.); (M.R.); (M.J.); (M.G.); (T.K.)
- Department of Internal Medicine I, Paracelsus Medical University/Salzburger Landeskliniken (SALK), 5020 Salzburg, Austria
| | - Christian Mayr
- Institute of Physiology and Pathophysiology, Paracelsus Medical University, 5020 Salzburg, Austria; (D.B.); (M.R.); (M.J.); (M.G.); (T.K.)
- Department of Internal Medicine I, Paracelsus Medical University/Salzburger Landeskliniken (SALK), 5020 Salzburg, Austria
- Correspondence:
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208
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Sikiric P, Hahm KB, Blagaic AB, Tvrdeic A, Pavlov KH, Petrovic A, Kokot A, Gojkovic S, Krezic I, Drmic D, Rucman, R, Seiwerth S. Stable Gastric Pentadecapeptide BPC 157, Robert's Stomach Cytoprotection/Adaptive Cytoprotection/Organoprotection, and Selye's Stress Coping Response: Progress, Achievements, and the Future. Gut Liver 2020; 14:153-167. [PMID: 31158953 PMCID: PMC7096228 DOI: 10.5009/gnl18490] [Citation(s) in RCA: 28] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/05/2018] [Revised: 01/10/2019] [Accepted: 01/21/2019] [Indexed: 12/14/2022] Open
Abstract
We reviewed again the significance of the stable gastric pentadecapeptide BPC 157 as a likely mediator of Robert's stomach cytoprotection/adaptive cytoprotection and organoprotection and as novel mediator of Selye's stress coping response to reestablish homeostasis. Specific points of BPC 157 therapy and the original concept of Robert's cytoprotection/adaptive cytoprotection/organoprotection are discussed, including the beneficial effects of BPC 157. First, BPC 157 protects stomach cells and maintains gastric integrity against various noxious agents (Robert's killing cell by contact) and is continuously present in the gastric mucosa and gastric juice. Additionally, BPC 157 protects against the adverse effects of alcohol and nonsteroidal anti-inflammatory drugs on the gastric epithelium and other epithelia, that is, skin, liver, pancreas, heart (organoprotection), and brain, thereby suggesting its use in wound healing. Additionally, BPC 157 counteracts gastric endothelial injury that precedes and induces damage to the gastric epithelium and generalizes "gastric endothelial protection" to protection of the endothelium of other vessels (thrombosis, prolonged bleeding, and thrombocytopenia). BPC 157 also has an effect on blood vessels, resulting in vessel recruitment that circumvents vessel occlusion and the development of additional shunting and rapid bypass loops to rapidly reestablish the integrity of blood flow (ischemic/reperfusion colitis, duodenal lesions, cecal perforation, and inferior vena caval occlusion). Lastly, BPC 157 counteracts tumor cachexia, muscle wasting, and increases in pro-inflammatory/procachectic cytokines, such as interleukin-6 and tumor necrosis factor-α, and significantly corrects deranged muscle proliferation and myogenesis through changes in the expression of FoxO3a, p-AKT, p-mTOR, and p-GSK-3β (mitigating cancer cachexia).
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Affiliation(s)
- Predrag Sikiric
- Department of Pharmacology, Medical Faculty, University of Zagreb, Zagreb, Croatia
| | - Ki-Baik Hahm
- Digestive Disease Center, CHA Bundang Medical Center, CHA University School of Medicine, Seongnam, Korea
| | - Alenka Boban Blagaic
- Department of Pharmacology, Medical Faculty, University of Zagreb, Zagreb, Croatia
| | - Ante Tvrdeic
- Department of Pharmacology, Medical Faculty, University of Zagreb, Zagreb, Croatia
| | | | - Andrea Petrovic
- Department of Pathology, Medical Faculty, University of Zagreb, Zagreb, Croatia
| | - Antonio Kokot
- Department of Pharmacology, Medical Faculty, University of Zagreb, Zagreb, Croatia
| | - Slaven Gojkovic
- Department of Pharmacology, Medical Faculty, University of Zagreb, Zagreb, Croatia
| | - Ivan Krezic
- Department of Pharmacology, Medical Faculty, University of Zagreb, Zagreb, Croatia
| | - Domagoj Drmic
- Department of Pharmacology, Medical Faculty, University of Zagreb, Zagreb, Croatia
| | - Rudolf Rucman,
- Department of Pharmacology, Medical Faculty, University of Zagreb, Zagreb, Croatia
| | - Sven Seiwerth
- Department of Pathology, Medical Faculty, University of Zagreb, Zagreb, Croatia
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209
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Jia Y, Samadzadeh S, Cornford M, Ji P, French SW. Educational Case: Incidental Gallbladder Adenocarcinoma. Acad Pathol 2020; 7:2374289520909504. [PMID: 32206701 PMCID: PMC7074493 DOI: 10.1177/2374289520909504] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/04/2019] [Revised: 11/14/2019] [Accepted: 01/18/2020] [Indexed: 12/29/2022] Open
Abstract
The following fictional case is intended as a learning tool within the Pathology Competencies for Medical Education (PCME), a set of national standards for teaching pathology. These are divided into three basic competencies: Disease Mechanisms and Processes, Organ System Pathology, and Diagnostic Medicine and Therapeutic Pathology. For additional information, and a full list of learning objectives for all three competencies, see http://journals.sagepub.com/doi/10.1177/2374289517715040. 1.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yue Jia
- Department of Pathology, Harbor-UCLA Medical Center, CA, USA
| | - Sara Samadzadeh
- Department of Pathology, Harbor-UCLA Medical Center, CA, USA
| | - Marcia Cornford
- Department of Pathology, Harbor-UCLA Medical Center, CA, USA
| | - Ping Ji
- Department of Pathology, Harbor-UCLA Medical Center, CA, USA
| | - Samuel W French
- Department of Pathology, Harbor-UCLA Medical Center, CA, USA
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210
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Robustelli V, Fedi M, Riccadonna S, Giannessi S. Fistola bilio-digestiva e ileo biliare: descrizione di un caso clinico. Chirurgia (Bucur) 2020. [DOI: 10.23736/s0394-9508.19.04966-0] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/08/2022]
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211
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Chan JCY, Diakos CI, Engel A, Chan DLH, Pavlakis N, Gill A, Clarke SJ. Serum bicarbonate is a marker of peri-operative mortality but is not associated with long term survival in colorectal cancer. PLoS One 2020; 15:e0228466. [PMID: 31999779 PMCID: PMC6992208 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0228466] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/05/2019] [Accepted: 01/16/2020] [Indexed: 12/16/2022] Open
Abstract
AIMS Inflammation is a hallmark of cancer whose activity is modulated within the tumor microenvironment by low tumoral pH. Recent evidence in the literature has suggested a link between low serum bicarbonate, low tumoral pH and cancer related inflammation. There is however little clinical evidence in human patients regarding the prognostic role of serum bicarbonate. Therefore, the primary aim of this study was to investigate the short and long-term prognostic utility of serum bicarbonate in colorectal cancer (CRC) patients undergoing resection of their primary tumor. The study also aimed to investigate the association of serum bicarbonate with known markers of systemic inflammation. METHODS A total of 3281 consecutive patients who underwent surgical resection of their primary CRC from January 1998 to December 2012. Of these, 2223 stage I-IV patients had available data for analysis. The association of serum bicarbonate with overall survival was assessed using univariate and multivariate cox regression analyses. The association of bicarbonate with other clinicopathological variables was assessed by chi squared and Fisher's exact tests. RESULTS Serum bicarbonate was associated with peri-operative mortality in multivariate analysis (p<0.001). Age (p = 0.004), grade (p = 0.043), creatinine (p = 0.036) and sodium (p = 0.036) were also markers associated with peri-operative mortality. For long term survival at 5 years, bicarbonate was significantly associated with overall survival in univariate analysis (p<0.001) but was not significant in multivariate analysis (p = 0.075). In exploratory analysis, serum bicarbonate was found to be significantly associated with the lymphocyte-to-monocyte ratio (p<0.001) and neutrophil-to-lymphocyte ratio (p<0.001). CONCLUSIONS In peri-operative colorectal cancer patients, serum bicarbonate was associated with 30-day survival but not 5-year survival.
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Affiliation(s)
- Joseph Chung Yan Chan
- Bill Walsh Translational Research Laboratories, Kolling Institute of Medical Research, St Leonards, New South Wales, Australia
- Sydney Medical School, University of Sydney, Sydney, New South Wales, Australia
| | - Connie Irene Diakos
- Bill Walsh Translational Research Laboratories, Kolling Institute of Medical Research, St Leonards, New South Wales, Australia
- Sydney Medical School, University of Sydney, Sydney, New South Wales, Australia
- Northern Sydney Cancer Center, Royal North Shore Hospital, St Leonards, New South Wales, Australia
| | - Alexander Engel
- Sydney Medical School, University of Sydney, Sydney, New South Wales, Australia
- Department of Colorectal Surgery, Royal North Shore Hospital, St Leonards, New South Wales, Australia
| | - David Lok Hang Chan
- Bill Walsh Translational Research Laboratories, Kolling Institute of Medical Research, St Leonards, New South Wales, Australia
- Sydney Medical School, University of Sydney, Sydney, New South Wales, Australia
- Northern Sydney Cancer Center, Royal North Shore Hospital, St Leonards, New South Wales, Australia
| | - Nick Pavlakis
- Bill Walsh Translational Research Laboratories, Kolling Institute of Medical Research, St Leonards, New South Wales, Australia
- Sydney Medical School, University of Sydney, Sydney, New South Wales, Australia
- Northern Sydney Cancer Center, Royal North Shore Hospital, St Leonards, New South Wales, Australia
| | - Anthony Gill
- Sydney Medical School, University of Sydney, Sydney, New South Wales, Australia
- Cancer Diagnosis and Pathology Group, Kolling Institute of Medical Research, St Leonards, New South Wales, Australia
| | - Stephen John Clarke
- Bill Walsh Translational Research Laboratories, Kolling Institute of Medical Research, St Leonards, New South Wales, Australia
- Northern Sydney Cancer Center, Royal North Shore Hospital, St Leonards, New South Wales, Australia
- Cancer Diagnosis and Pathology Group, Kolling Institute of Medical Research, St Leonards, New South Wales, Australia
- * E-mail:
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212
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Wang J, Bo X, Wang C, Xin Y, Nan L, Luo R, Chen L, Shi X, Suo T, Ni X, Liu H, Shen S, Li M, Lu P, Wang Y, Liu H. Low immune index correlates with favorable prognosis but with reduced benefit from chemotherapy in gallbladder cancer. Cancer Sci 2019; 111:219-228. [PMID: 31729088 PMCID: PMC6942443 DOI: 10.1111/cas.14239] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/31/2019] [Revised: 10/22/2019] [Accepted: 10/25/2019] [Indexed: 12/24/2022] Open
Abstract
Use of immune index is a new potential approach for cancer classification and prediction. To investigate the status and clinical effect of immune index in gallbladder cancer (GBC), 238 GBC patients from Zhongshan Hospital affiliated to Fudan University were involved in the present study, including 113 patients in a training set and 125 patients in a validation set. Five immune cells (macrophages, neutrophils, regulatory T cells, cytotoxic T cells and mast cells) were selected based on a literature review and the immune index for each patient was calculated using the LASSO regression. A low immune index (<1) was defined as immunotype A and a high immune index (≥1) was defined as immunotype B. The 5-year overall survival rate for immunotype A was higher than that for immunotype B in the training set and the validation set (70.0% vs 37.0%, P < 0.001; 68.9% vs 47.5%, P = 0.002; respectively). Moreover, the immune index showed higher prediction efficiency compared with all the single immune cells which we selected. When combined with the immune index, the areas under the curve (AUC) of the TNM staging system in both sets were elevated from 0.677 to 0.787 and from 0.631 to 0.694, respectively. Interestingly, gemcitabine-based chemotherapy only benefits stage II patients of immunotype B and stage III patients of both immunotype A and immunotype B (P = 0.015, P = 0.030, P = 0.011, respectively) but does not work in stage II patients of immunotype A (P = .307). Taken together, the immune index could effectively predict prognosis and the benefits of gemcitabine-based chemotherapy and might improve on the TNM staging system.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jie Wang
- Department of General Surgery, Zhongshan Hospital, Fudan University, Shanghai, China.,Biliary Tract Diseases Institute, Fudan University, Shanghai, China
| | - Xiaobo Bo
- Department of General Surgery, Zhongshan Hospital, Fudan University, Shanghai, China.,Biliary Tract Diseases Institute, Fudan University, Shanghai, China
| | - Changcheng Wang
- Department of General Surgery, Zhongshan Hospital, Fudan University, Shanghai, China.,Biliary Tract Diseases Institute, Fudan University, Shanghai, China
| | - Yanlei Xin
- Department of General Surgery, Zhongshan Hospital, Fudan University, Shanghai, China.,Biliary Tract Diseases Institute, Fudan University, Shanghai, China
| | - Lingxi Nan
- Department of General Surgery, Zhongshan Hospital, Fudan University, Shanghai, China.,Biliary Tract Diseases Institute, Fudan University, Shanghai, China
| | - Rongkui Luo
- Department of Pathology, Zhongshan Hospital, Fudan University, Shanghai, China
| | - Lingli Chen
- Department of Pathology, Zhongshan Hospital, Fudan University, Shanghai, China
| | - Xiao Shi
- Department of Head and Neck Surgery, Shanghai Cancer Center, Fudan University, Shanghai, China
| | - Tao Suo
- Department of General Surgery, Zhongshan Hospital, Fudan University, Shanghai, China.,Biliary Tract Diseases Institute, Fudan University, Shanghai, China
| | - Xiaoling Ni
- Department of General Surgery, Zhongshan Hospital, Fudan University, Shanghai, China.,Biliary Tract Diseases Institute, Fudan University, Shanghai, China
| | - Han Liu
- Department of General Surgery, Zhongshan Hospital, Fudan University, Shanghai, China.,Biliary Tract Diseases Institute, Fudan University, Shanghai, China
| | - Sheng Shen
- Department of General Surgery, Zhongshan Hospital, Fudan University, Shanghai, China.,Biliary Tract Diseases Institute, Fudan University, Shanghai, China
| | - Min Li
- Department of General Surgery, Zhongshan Hospital, Fudan University, Shanghai, China.,Biliary Tract Diseases Institute, Fudan University, Shanghai, China
| | - Pinxiang Lu
- Department of General Surgery, Zhongshan-Xuhui Hospital Affiliated to Fudan University, Shanghai, China
| | - Yueqi Wang
- Department of General Surgery, Zhongshan Hospital, Fudan University, Shanghai, China.,Biliary Tract Diseases Institute, Fudan University, Shanghai, China
| | - Houbao Liu
- Department of General Surgery, Zhongshan Hospital, Fudan University, Shanghai, China.,Biliary Tract Diseases Institute, Fudan University, Shanghai, China.,Department of General Surgery, Zhongshan-Xuhui Hospital Affiliated to Fudan University, Shanghai, China
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Asai T, Tsuchiya Y, Mishra K, Behari A, Shukla P, Ikoma T, Kapoor VK, Nakamura K. Carcinogen Metabolism Pathway and Tumor Suppressor Gene Polymorphisms and Gallbladder Cancer Risk in North Indians: A Hospital-Based Case-Control Study. Asian Pac J Cancer Prev 2019; 20:3643-3647. [PMID: 31870105 PMCID: PMC7173363 DOI: 10.31557/apjcp.2019.20.12.3643] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/12/2019] [Indexed: 01/19/2023] Open
Abstract
Background: Carcinogen metabolism pathway and tumor suppressor gene polymorphisms have been reported to be associated with increased gallbladder cancer risk. However, the association of genetic variants and gallbladder cancer risk in Indians are not well studied. We examined whether genetic polymorphisms of metabolic enzymes cytochrome P450 1A1 and glutathione S-transferase and tumor suppressor gene p53 (TP53) are associated with an increased risk of gallbladder cancer in North Indians. Methods: This hospital-based case-control study was conducted in 96 gallbladder cancer patients with gallstones (cases) and 93 cholelithiasis patients (controls) at the Sanjay Gandhi Postgraduate Institute of Medical Sciences in Lucknow, India from July 2014 through May 2017. Genomic DNA was extracted from white blood cells of each patient using a simple salting-out procedure. The genotypic frequencies of CYP1A1 rs4646903, CYP1A1 rs1048943, and TP53 rs1042522 polymorphisms were investigated using TaqMan SNP Genotyping Assay and GSTM1 and GSTT1 polymorphisms were analyzed using the multiplex PCR assay. Results: The frequency of CC genotype of TP53 rs1042522 polymorphism was 27.1% (26/96) in cases and 12.9% (12/93) in controls. The CC genotype was associated with an increased risk of gallbladder cancer in North Indians (age- and sex-adjusted odds ratio, 2.81; 95% confidence interval, 1.19–6.61; P = 0.02). No significant differences in genotypic and allelic frequencies of the metabolic pathway gene polymorphisms were found between cases and controls. Conclusions: Our data provide preliminary evidence that the CC genotype of the TP53 rs1042522 polymorphism may be associated with an increased risk of gallbladder cancer in North Indians.
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Affiliation(s)
- Takao Asai
- 1Department of Clinical Engineering and Medical Technology, Niigata University of Health and Welfare, Niigata, Japan.,Division of Preventive Medicine, Niigata University Graduate School of Medical and Dental Sciences, Niigata, Japan
| | - Yasuo Tsuchiya
- Division of Preventive Medicine, Niigata University Graduate School of Medical and Dental Sciences, Niigata, Japan
| | - Kumudesh Mishra
- Department of Surgical Gastroenterology, Sanjay Gandhi Post Graduate Institute of Medical Sciences, Lucknow 226014 Uttar Pradesh, India
| | - Anu Behari
- Department of Surgical Gastroenterology, Sanjay Gandhi Post Graduate Institute of Medical Sciences, Lucknow 226014 Uttar Pradesh, India
| | - Pooja Shukla
- Department of Surgical Gastroenterology, Sanjay Gandhi Post Graduate Institute of Medical Sciences, Lucknow 226014 Uttar Pradesh, India
| | - Toshikazu Ikoma
- Division of Preventive Medicine, Niigata University Graduate School of Medical and Dental Sciences, Niigata, Japan.,Division of clinical laboratory, Uji Tokushukai Medical Center, Uji, Kyoto, Japan
| | - Vinay K Kapoor
- Department of Surgical Gastroenterology, Sanjay Gandhi Post Graduate Institute of Medical Sciences, Lucknow 226014 Uttar Pradesh, India
| | - Kazutoshi Nakamura
- Division of Preventive Medicine, Niigata University Graduate School of Medical and Dental Sciences, Niigata, Japan
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214
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Yang P, Javle M, Pang F, Zhao W, Abdel-Wahab R, Chen X, Meric-Bernstam F, Chen H, Borad MJ, Liu Y, Zou C, Mu S, Xing Y, Wang K, Peng C, Che X. Somatic genetic aberrations in gallbladder cancer: comparison between Chinese and US patients. Hepatobiliary Surg Nutr 2019; 8:604-614. [PMID: 31929987 DOI: 10.21037/hbsn.2019.04.11] [Citation(s) in RCA: 31] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/19/2022]
Abstract
Background Gallbladder cancer (GBC) is often diagnosed at an advanced stage with limited therapeutic options and poor prognosis. The five-year survival rate of this cancer when diagnosed at an advanced stage is below 5%, and the median survival time is less than a year with standard gemcitabine-based chemotherapy. Survival benefit with second-line treatment is unknown. Thus, there is an urgent need for novel treatment strategies and targeted therapy based on next generation sequencing (NGS) may be of value. Methods Comprehensive genomic profiling (CGP) was performed with NGS panel on paraffin-embedded tumors from a cohort of 108 Chinese and 107 US GBC patients. Clinical data were collected using an IRB approved protocol from a single-center in US and from China. Results In Chinese and US GBC cohorts, an average of 6.4 vs. 3.8 genomic alterations (GAs) were identified per patient. The most frequent alterations were TP53 (69.4%), CDKN2A/B (26%), ERBB2 (18.5%), PIK3CA (17%) and CCNE1 (13%) in Chinese cohort, TP53 (57.9%), CDKN2A/B (25%), SMAD4 (17%), ARID1A (14%), PIK3CA (14%) and ERBB2 (13.1%) in US patients. NFE2L2 mutations were present in 6.5% of Chinese patients and not observed in the US cohort. Interestingly, ERBB2 genetic aberrations were significantly associated with better pathological tumor differentiation and tended to co-occurrence with CDKN2A/B mutations in both the Chinese and US GBC cases. Out of the top 9 dysregulated genetic pathways in cancer, Chinese patients harbored more frequent mutations in ERBB genes (30.6% vs. 19.0%, P=0.04). High frequency of PI3K/mTOR pathway variations was observed in both Chinese (37%) and US cohort (33%) (P=0.5). Additionally, both Chinese and US GBC patients exhibited a relatively high tumor mutational burden (TMB) (17.6% and 17.0%, respectively). In the Chinese cohort, a significant association was seen between direct repair gene alterations and TMB ≥10 muts/Mb (P=0.004). Conclusions In our study, over 83% Chinese and 68% US GBC patients had actionable alterations that could potentially guide and influence personalized treatment options. The identification of high TMB, ERBB2, CDKN2A/B, PI3K/mTOR pathway and DNA repair mutations indicated that both Chinese and US GBC patients may benefit from targeted or immune checkpoint inhibitors.
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Affiliation(s)
- Pingzhou Yang
- Department of Hepatobiliary Surgery/Hunan Research Center of Biliary Disease, Hunan Provincial People's Hospital/The First Affiliated Hospital of Hunan Normal University, Changsha 410005, China
| | - Milind Javle
- Department of Gastrointestinal Medical Oncology, The University of Texas MD Anderson Cancer Center, Houston, TX, USA
| | - Fei Pang
- OrigiMed Inc., Shanghai 201114, China
| | - Wei Zhao
- Department of Hepatobiliary Surgery, The Affiliated Hospital of Qingdao University, Qingdao 266024, China
| | - Reham Abdel-Wahab
- Department of Gastrointestinal Medical Oncology, The University of Texas MD Anderson Cancer Center, Houston, TX, USA.,Department of Clinical Oncology, Assiut University Hospitals, Assiut, Egypt
| | - Xiaofeng Chen
- Department of Oncology, The Affiliated Hospital of Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing 210000, China
| | - Funda Meric-Bernstam
- Investigational Cancer Therapeutics, The University of Texas MD Anderson Cancer Center, Houston, TX, USA
| | - Huanwei Chen
- Department of Liver surgery, First People's Hospital of Foshan, Foshan 528314, China
| | - Mitesh J Borad
- Division of Hematology and Oncology, Mayo Clinic, Scottsdale, AZ, USA
| | - Yu Liu
- Department of Pathology, People's Hospital of Hunan Province, Changsha 410005, China
| | | | - Shuo Mu
- OrigiMed Inc., Shanghai 201114, China
| | | | - Kai Wang
- OrigiMed Inc., Shanghai 201114, China
| | - Chuang Peng
- Department of Hepatobiliary Surgery/Hunan Research Center of Biliary Disease, Hunan Provincial People's Hospital/The First Affiliated Hospital of Hunan Normal University, Changsha 410005, China
| | - Xu Che
- National Cancer Center/National Clinical Research Center for Cancer/Department of Pancreatic and Gastric Surgery, Cancer Hospital, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences and Peking Union Medical College/National Cancer Center/National Clinical Research Center for Cancer/Department of Hepatobiliary and Pancreatic Surgery, Cancer Hospital & Shenzhen Hospital, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences and Peking Union Medical College, Shenzhen 518116, China
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215
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Abstract
The aging population is an increasing healthcare concern in developing countries. In Singapore, 25% of the local population are expected to be older than 65 years old by 2030. Colorectal cancer (CRC) is ranked third most diagnosed cancers worldwide with up to 1.8 million new cases diagnosed in 2018. 60% of newly diagnosed CRC are among patients who are 70 years or older and hence majority of these patients will invariably face challenges with frailty and multiple comorbidities that require appropriate assessment and stratification. The standard of care in patients with stage I or II CRC is surgery with curative intent. For patients with stage III CRC, upfront surgical resection of tumor along with adjuvant chemotherapy is the internationally recommended treatment approach. As for those patients with metastatic disease, they are usually managed within a multidisciplinary team and considered for surgical resection if deemed feasible. Elderly patients are mostly burdened with frailty, functional dependency and existing co-morbidities, all of which are predictors of early postoperative mortality and morbidity in patients with CRC. This article thus aims to review existing evidence to discuss the intricate decision-making process for the surgical management of elderly patient with CRC.
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Affiliation(s)
- Rhan Chaen Chong
- Department of General Surgery, Khoo Teck Puat Hospital, Singapore, Singapore
| | - Marc Weijie Ong
- Department of General Surgery, Khoo Teck Puat Hospital, Singapore, Singapore
| | - Kok Yang Tan
- Department of General Surgery, Khoo Teck Puat Hospital, Singapore, Singapore
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216
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Abstract
Gallbladder cancer (GBC) is a rare biliary malignancy. The relationship between red blood cell distribution width (RDW) and cancer prognosis has been confirmed by many studies, however, the relationship between RDW and gallbladder cancer is rarely reported. Therefore, we aimed to assess the correlation between RDW and the advancements of GBC in this study.A retrospective study was performed on 108 GBC patients and 119 age and gender-matched individuals who were admitted to the First Affiliated Hospital of Guangxi Medical University from January 2012 to December 2018.The GBC patients had significantly higher RDW(%) levels compared to the healthy controls group (15.7 ± 2.4 vs 13.5 ± 0.6; P = .000). In addition, GBC patients with stage III+IV had higher levels of RDW(%) than stage I+II (16.1 ± 2.5 vs 14.9 ± 2.0, P = .011). Correlation analysis showed that RDW had positive correlations with TNM stage (correlation coefficient = 0.302, P = .002). The cut-off value of RDW was observed to be 14.5% in patients with GBC (area under the curve = 0.757, 95% confidence interval = 0.677-0.838, P = .000). Univariate logistic regression and multivariate logistic regression analysis showed that RDW was an independent risk factor for GBC lymph node metastasis.Our results suggest that elevated levels of RDW are independently associated with GBC patients and may serve as potential markers for the advancements of GBC.
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Affiliation(s)
- Youjun Xie
- Department of Clinical Laboratory, First Affiliated Hospital of Guangxi Medical University
| | - Lingling Zhang
- Department of Clinical Laboratory, Children's Hospital, Maternal and Child Health Hospital of Guangxi Zhuang Autonomous Region, Nanning, China
| | - Lingling Zhan
- Department of Clinical Laboratory, First Affiliated Hospital of Guangxi Medical University
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217
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Abstract
Background Gallstone ileus is an important complication of cholecystolithiasis. In general, surgery is the treatment of choice for such cases, but clinicians face difficulty in the selection of an appropriate approach. Closure of a cholecystoenteric fistula can be achieved through one-stage or two-stage operation. Two-stage operation has a lower mortality rate than a one-stage procedure, but persistence of the cholecystoenteric fistula is associated with the risk of carcinogenesis and recurrence of gallstone ileus. Objective This study reviews the different surgical approaches according to the impaction site of the gallstone, using data of previous studies by our group and clinical reports in the literature. Conclusions First, for cases involving impaction at the duodenum, the cholecystoenteric fistula can be repaired in the same surgical field, and one-stage operation obtains favourable outcome; hence, one-stage operation is considered as treatment of choice. Second, for cases involving impaction at the small intestine, natural closure of the cholecystoenteric fistula or low mortality is expected; hence, two-stage operation may be performed, possibly using minimally invasive laparoscopy. Third, for cases involving impaction at the colon, natural closure of the cholecystocolonic fistula is unlikely, and patients have a high risk of reflux cholangitis due to faecal fluid; hence, one-stage operation is considered as treatment of choice.
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Affiliation(s)
- Koichi Inukai
- Department of Acute Care Surgery, Sakai City Medical Center, Sakai, Osaka, Japan
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218
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Kotecha S, Lebot MN, Sukkarn B, Ball G, Moseley PM, Chan SY, Green AR, Rakha E, Ellis IO, Martin SG, Storr SJ. Dopamine and cAMP-regulated phosphoprotein 32 kDa (DARPP-32) and survival in breast cancer: a retrospective analysis of protein and mRNA expression. Sci Rep 2019; 9:16987. [PMID: 31740718 DOI: 10.1038/s41598-019-53529-z] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/25/2019] [Accepted: 10/21/2019] [Indexed: 01/16/2023] Open
Abstract
Dopamine and cAMP regulated phosphoprotein 32 kDa (DARPP-32) also known as phosphoprotein phosphatase-1 regulatory subunit 1B and encoded by the PPP1R1B gene is an inhibitor of protein phosphatase-1 and protein kinase A. DARPP-32 is expressed in a wide range of epithelial cells and some solid tumours; however, its role in breast cancer is only partially defined. DARPP-32 expression was determined using immunohistochemistry in two independent cohorts of early stage invasive breast cancer patients (discovery n = 1352; validation n = 1655), and 112 HER2 positive breast cancer patients treated with trastuzumab and adjuvant chemotherapy. PPP1R1B mRNA expression was assessed in the METABRIC cohort (n = 1980), using artificial neural network analysis to identify associated genes. In the discovery cohort, low nuclear expression of DARPP-32 was significantly associated with shorter survival (P = 0.041), which was independent of other prognostic variables (P = 0.019). In the validation cohort, low cytoplasmic and nuclear expression was significantly associated with shorter survival (both P = 0.002), with cytoplasmic expression independent of other prognostic variables (P = 0.023). Stronger associations with survival in oestrogen receptor (ER) positive disease were observed. In patients treated with trastuzumab, low nuclear expression was significantly associated with adverse progression-free survival (P = 0.031). In the METABRIC cohort, low PPP1R1B expression was associated with shortened survival of ER positive patients. Expression of CDC42 and GRB7, amongst others, were associated with PPP1R1B expression. This data suggests a role for DARPP-32 as a prognostic marker with clinical utility in breast cancer.
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219
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Deng Y, Zhang F, Yu X, Huo CL, Sun ZG, Wang S. Prognostic Value Of Preoperative Systemic Inflammatory Biomarkers In Patients With Gallbladder Cancer And The Establishment Of A Nomogram. Cancer Manag Res 2019; 11:9025-9035. [PMID: 31695494 PMCID: PMC6814315 DOI: 10.2147/cmar.s218119] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/03/2019] [Accepted: 09/16/2019] [Indexed: 12/14/2022] Open
Abstract
Background and aim Preoperative systemic inflammatory biomarkers, including neutrophil to lymphocyte ratio (NLR), derived neutrophil to lymphocyte ratio (dNLR), platelet to lymphocyte ratio (PLR), and lymphocyte to monocyte ratio (LMR) have been developed to predict patient outcome in several types of carcinomas. The aim of this study was to investigate the potential prognostic value of NLR, dNLR, PLR, and LMR, and establish a prognostic nomogram in postoperative GBC patients who underwent radical cholecystectomy. Methods 169 GBC patients were retrospectively enrolled in the present study. ROC curve analysis was used to determine the optimal cut-off values of systemic inflammatory biomarkers. The prognostic value of those biomarkers was investigated according to the Kaplan-Meier method and Cox regression model. A relevant prognostic nomogram was established. Results Results showed that NLR, dNLR, PLR, and LMR were significantly associated with overall survival (OS); whereas, NLR and LMR were retained as independent indicators. Based on these independent predictors including tumor differentiation, T stage, N stage, CEA, NLR, and LMR, a nomogram was generated with an accuracy of 0.801. Conclusion Based on our findings, the predictive nomogram could accurately predict individualized survival probability of postoperative GBC patients, and might support clinicians in treatment optimization and clinical decision-making.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yan Deng
- Department of Hepatobiliary Surgery, Jing Zhou Central Hospital, The Second Clinical Medical College, Yangtze University, Jing Zhou, Hubei 434020, People's Republic of China
| | - Feng Zhang
- Department of Ophthalmology, Jing Zhou Central Hospital, The Second Clinical Medical College, Yangtze University, Jing Zhou, Hubei 434020, People's Republic of China
| | - Xiao Yu
- Department of Hepatobiliary Surgery, Jing Zhou Central Hospital, The Second Clinical Medical College, Yangtze University, Jing Zhou, Hubei 434020, People's Republic of China
| | - Cheng-Long Huo
- Department of Hepatobiliary Surgery, Jing Zhou Central Hospital, The Second Clinical Medical College, Yangtze University, Jing Zhou, Hubei 434020, People's Republic of China
| | - Zhen-Gang Sun
- Department of Hepatobiliary Surgery, Jing Zhou Central Hospital, The Second Clinical Medical College, Yangtze University, Jing Zhou, Hubei 434020, People's Republic of China
| | - Shuai Wang
- Department of Hepatobiliary Surgery, Jing Zhou Central Hospital, The Second Clinical Medical College, Yangtze University, Jing Zhou, Hubei 434020, People's Republic of China
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220
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Chen J, Mu F, Lu T, Ma Y, Du D, Xu K. A Gallbladder Carcinoma Patient With Pseudo-Progressive Remission After Hydrogen Inhalation. Onco Targets Ther 2019; 12:8645-8651. [PMID: 31695424 PMCID: PMC6804672 DOI: 10.2147/ott.s227217] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/14/2019] [Accepted: 10/03/2019] [Indexed: 01/10/2023] Open
Abstract
Background Hydrogen therapy has been reported to convert exhausted programmed cell death receptor (PD-1)+CD8+ T cells to PD-1-CD8+ T cells, in advanced colorectal cancer patients, which is associated with significantly prolonged survival. Case presentation A 72-year-old female patient presented with metastatic gallbladder cancer and underwent symptomatic treatment combined with hydrogen therapy. The tumors were initially enlarged and displayed increased tumor marker expression following hydrogen inhalation therapy, after which they continued to remit, similar to the pseudo-progression that occurs after anti-PD-1 treatment. During one month of hydrogen therapy, the patient's gallbladder and liver tumors continued to progress, and intestinal obstruction occurred. The intestinal obstruction was gradually relieved after symptomatic treatment, and the metastases in the abdominal cavity gradually decreased in size, anemia and hypoalbuminemia were corrected, and both the lymphocyte and tumor marker levels returned to normal. The patient was able to resume normal life two and a half months after hydrogen inhalation and survived over 10 months. Conclusion This is the first report of pseudo-progression followed by sustained remission after hydrogen inhalation. This phenomenon is similar to the pseudo-progression-remission pattern that occurs following PD-1 antibody treatment. These findings suggest that hydrogen may have an inhibitory effect on PD-1 expression.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jibing Chen
- Fuda Cancer Hospital of Jinan University, Guangzhou 510665, People's Republic of China.,Fuda Cancer Institute of Guangzhou City, Guangzhou 510665, People's Republic of China
| | - Feng Mu
- Fuda Cancer Hospital of Jinan University, Guangzhou 510665, People's Republic of China
| | - Tianyu Lu
- Fuda Cancer Hospital of Jinan University, Guangzhou 510665, People's Republic of China
| | - Yangyang Ma
- Fuda Cancer Hospital of Jinan University, Guangzhou 510665, People's Republic of China
| | - Duanming Du
- Intervention Department, The Second People's Hospital of Shenzhen, Shenzhen 518035, People's Republic of China
| | - Kecheng Xu
- Fuda Cancer Hospital of Jinan University, Guangzhou 510665, People's Republic of China.,Fuda Cancer Institute of Guangzhou City, Guangzhou 510665, People's Republic of China
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221
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Abstract
BACKGROUND The use of clinical signs, or end-tidal anaesthetic gas (ETAG), may not be reliable in measuring the hypnotic component of anaesthesia and may lead to either overdosage or underdosage resulting in adverse effects because of too deep or too light anaesthesia. Intraoperative awareness, whilst uncommon, may lead to serious psychological disturbance, and alternative methods to monitor the depth of anaesthesia may reduce the incidence of serious events. Bispectral index (BIS) is a numerical scale based on electrical activity in the brain. Using a BIS monitor to guide the dose of anaesthetic may have advantages over clinical signs or ETAG. This is an update of a review last published in 2014. OBJECTIVES To assess the effectiveness of BIS to reduce the risk of intraoperative awareness and early recovery times from general anaesthesia in adults undergoing surgery. SEARCH METHODS We searched CENTRAL, MEDLINE, Embase, and Web of Science on 26 March 2019. We searched clinical trial registers and grey literature, and handsearched reference lists of included studies and related reviews. SELECTION CRITERIA We included randomized controlled trials (RCTs) and quasi-RCTs in which BIS was used to guide anaesthesia compared with standard practice which was either clinical signs or end-tidal anaesthetic gas (ETAG) to guide the anaesthetic dose. We included adult participants undergoing any type of surgery under general anaesthesia regardless of whether included participants had a high risk of intraoperative awareness. We included only studies in which investigators aimed to evaluate the effectiveness of BIS for its role in monitoring intraoperative depth of anaesthesia or potential improvements in early recovery times from anaesthesia. DATA COLLECTION AND ANALYSIS Two review authors independently assessed studies for inclusion, extracted data, and assessed risk of bias. We assessed the certainty of evidence with GRADE. MAIN RESULTS We included 52 studies with 41,331 participants; two studies were quasi-randomized and the remaining studies were RCTs. All studies included participants undergoing surgery under general anaesthesia. Three studies recruited only participants who were at high risk of intraoperative awareness, whilst two studies specifically recruited an unselected participant group. We analysed the data according to two comparison groups: BIS versus clinical signs; and BIS versus ETAG. Forty-eight studies used clinical signs as a comparison method, which included titration of anaesthesia according to criteria such as blood pressure or heart rate and, six studies used ETAG to guide anaesthesia. Whilst BIS target values differed between studies, all were within a range of values between 40 to 60.BIS versus clinical signsWe found low-certainty evidence that BIS-guided anaesthesia may reduce the risk of intraoperative awareness in a surgical population that were unselected or at high risk of awareness (Peto odds ratio (OR) 0.36, 95% CI 0.21 to 0.60; I2 = 61%; 27 studies; 9765 participants). However, events were rare with only five of 27 studies with reported incidences; we found that incidences of intraoperative awareness when BIS was used were three per 1000 (95% CI 2 to 6 per 1000) compared to nine per 1000 when anaesthesia was guided by clinical signs. Of the five studies with event data, one included participants at high risk of awareness and one included unselected participants, four used a structured questionnaire for assessment, and two used an adjudication process to identify confirmed or definite awareness.Early recovery times were also improved when BIS was used. We found low-certainty evidence that BIS may reduce the time to eye opening by mean difference (MD) 1.78 minutes (95% CI -2.53 to -1.03 minutes; 22 studies; 1494 participants), the time to orientation by MD 3.18 minutes (95% CI -4.03 to -2.33 minutes; 6 studies; 273 participants), and the time to discharge from the postanaesthesia care unit (PACU) by MD 6.86 minutes (95% CI -11.72 to -2 minutes; 13 studies; 930 participants).BIS versus ETAGAgain, events of intraoperative awareness were extremely rare, and we found no evidence of a difference in incidences of intraoperative awareness according to whether anaesthesia was guided by BIS or by ETAG in a surgical population at unselected or at high risk of awareness (Peto OR 1.13, 95% CI 0.56 to 2.26; I2 = 37%; 5 studies; 26,572 participants; low-certainty evidence). Incidences of intraoperative awareness were one per 1000 in both groups. Only three of five studies reported events, two included participants at high risk of awareness and one included unselected participants, all used a structured questionnaire for assessment and an adjudication process to identify confirmed or definite awareness.One large study (9376 participants) reported a reduced time to discharge from the PACU by a median of three minutes less, and we judged the certainty of this evidence to be low. No studies measured or reported the time to eye opening and the time to orientation.Certainty of the evidenceWe used GRADE to downgrade the evidence for all outcomes to low certainty. The incidence of intraoperative awareness is so infrequent such that, despite the inclusion of some large multi-centre studies in analyses, we believed that the effect estimates were imprecise. In addition, analyses included studies that we judged to have limitations owing to some assessments of high or unclear bias and in all studies, it was not possible to blind anaesthetists to the different methods of monitoring depth of anaesthesia.Studies often did not report a clear definition of intraoperative awareness. Time points of measurement differed, and methods used to identify intraoperative awareness also differed and we expected that some assessment tools were more comprehensive than others. AUTHORS' CONCLUSIONS Intraoperative awareness is infrequent and, despite identifying a large number of eligible studies, evidence for the effectiveness of using BIS to guide anaesthetic depth is imprecise. We found that BIS-guided anaesthesia compared to clinical signs may reduce the risk of intraoperative awareness and improve early recovery times in people undergoing surgery under general anaesthesia but we found no evidence of a difference between BIS-guided anaesthesia and ETAG-guided anaesthesia. We found six studies awaiting classification and two ongoing studies; inclusion of these studies in future updates may increase the certainty of the evidence.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sharon R Lewis
- Lancaster Patient Safety Research Unit, Royal Lancaster Infirmary, Pointer Court 1, Ashton Road, Lancaster, UK, LA1 4RP
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222
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Jakubauskas M, Luksaite R, Sileikis A, Strupas K, Poskus T. Gallstone Ileus: Management and Clinical Outcomes. ACTA ACUST UNITED AC 2019; 55:medicina55090598. [PMID: 31533295 PMCID: PMC6780297 DOI: 10.3390/medicina55090598] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/07/2019] [Revised: 09/05/2019] [Accepted: 09/15/2019] [Indexed: 01/08/2023]
Abstract
Background: Gallstone or biliary ileus is a late complication of gallstone disease. It accounts for 1%–4% of all bowel obstructions and is more common in elderly patients. The preferred treatment option is to mechanically remove the impacted stones. It is done surgically using open or laparoscopic approach and rarely, when stones are impacted in the colon, endoscopically. In this paper we present five consecutive cases of gallstone ileus and describe possible diagnostic and minimally invasive treatment options. Case presentation: During a five-month period a total of five patients were treated for gallstone ileus. All patients were female and from 48 to 87 years of age. Symptoms were not specific and common for all small bowel obstructions. Upon admission the patients also had unspecific laboratory findings—neutrophilic leukocytosis and various C-reactive protein concentrations, ranging from 8 to 347 mg/L. According to the hospital protocol, all patients initially underwent an abdominal ultrasound, which was inconclusive, and therefore every patient additionally had a CT scan with intravenous contrast. After these two diagnostic modalities one patient still did not have the definitive gallstone ileus diagnosis, as the ectopic stone was not visible. Four patients in our case series were treated using minimally invasive methods: in one case the stone was removed endoscopically, and laparoscopically in the other three. Treatment outcomes were good in four cases as the patients fully recovered, however one patient suffered a massive cerebral infarction after the operation and passed away. Conclusions: Gallstone ileus is a rare and difficult-to-diagnose condition. Management of these patients in every case should be individualized, as there are many options, each with their own advantages and disadvantages. We show that minimally invasive treatment such as colonoscopy or laparoscopy is possible in these cases.
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Affiliation(s)
- Matas Jakubauskas
- Clinic of Gastroenterology, Nephrourology and Surgery, Institute of Clinical Medicine, Faculty of Medicine, Vilnius University, 03101 Vilnius, Lithuania
- Center of Abdominal Surgery, Vilnius University Hospital "Santaros Klinikos", 08410 Vilnius, Lithuania
| | - Raminta Luksaite
- Department of Radiology, Nuclear Medicine and Physics of Medicine, Center for Radiology and Nuclear Medicine, Faculty of Medicine, Vilnius University, 03101 Vilnius, Lithuania
- Center of Radiology and Nuclear Medicine, Vilnius University Hospital "Santaros Klinikos", 08410 Vilnius, Lithuania
| | - Audrius Sileikis
- Clinic of Gastroenterology, Nephrourology and Surgery, Institute of Clinical Medicine, Faculty of Medicine, Vilnius University, 03101 Vilnius, Lithuania
- Center of Abdominal Surgery, Vilnius University Hospital "Santaros Klinikos", 08410 Vilnius, Lithuania
| | - Kestutis Strupas
- Clinic of Gastroenterology, Nephrourology and Surgery, Institute of Clinical Medicine, Faculty of Medicine, Vilnius University, 03101 Vilnius, Lithuania
- Center of Abdominal Surgery, Vilnius University Hospital "Santaros Klinikos", 08410 Vilnius, Lithuania
| | - Tomas Poskus
- Clinic of Gastroenterology, Nephrourology and Surgery, Institute of Clinical Medicine, Faculty of Medicine, Vilnius University, 03101 Vilnius, Lithuania.
- Center of Abdominal Surgery, Vilnius University Hospital "Santaros Klinikos", 08410 Vilnius, Lithuania.
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Yaghoobi S, Shahamat H, Alizadeh A, Khezri MB. Comparing Postoperative Analgesic Effect of Dexmedetomidine or Dexamethasone Added to Lidocaine Through Infraclavicular Block in Forearm Surgery. Clin J Pain 2019; 35:766-71. [DOI: 10.1097/ajp.0000000000000736] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/25/2022]
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224
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Lin J, Dong K, Bai Y, Zhao S, Dong Y, Shi J, Shi W, Long J, Yang X, Wang D, Yang X, Zhao L, Hu K, Pan J, Sang X, Wang K, Zhao H. Precision oncology for gallbladder cancer: insights from genetic alterations and clinical practice. Ann Transl Med 2019; 7:467. [PMID: 31700903 DOI: 10.21037/atm.2019.08.67] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/20/2022]
Abstract
Background Gallbladder cancer (GBC) is an uncommon but highly fatal malignancy, with limited adjuvant therapy. The present study aims to explore the actionable alterations and precision oncology for GBC patients. Methods Patients with pathologically confirmed GBC who progressed after first-line systemic treatment were enrolled. Genomic alterations were captured by ultra-deep targeted next-generation sequencing (tNGS). The actionabilities of alterations and the therapeutic regimens were evaluated by a multidisciplinary tumor board (MDTB). Results Sixty patients with GBC were enrolled and analyzed. tNGS was successfully achieved in all patients. The median tumor mutation burden for GBC patients was 5.4 (range: 0.8-36.74) mutations/Mb, and the most common mutations were in TP53 (73%), CDKN2A (25%) and PIK3CA (20%). The most frequently copy-number altered genes were CDKN2A deletion (11.7%) and ERBB2 amplification (13.3%). 23% of the patients displayed gene fusion; 17 fusion events were identified, and 14 of the 17 fusion events co-occurred with mutations in driver genes. In total, 46 of the 60 (76%) patients were identified as possessing at least one actionable target to proceed precision oncology. Conclusions The present study revealed the mutational profile for the clinical practice of precision oncology in GBC patients.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jianzhen Lin
- Department of Liver Surgery, Peking Union Medical College Hospital, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences & Peking Union Medical College (CAMS & PUMC), Beijing 100730, China
| | - Kun Dong
- Key Laboratory of Carcinogenesis and Translational Research (Ministry of Education), Department of Pathology, Peking University Cancer Hospital & Institute, Beijing 100142, China
| | - Yi Bai
- Department of Liver Surgery, Peking Union Medical College Hospital, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences & Peking Union Medical College (CAMS & PUMC), Beijing 100730, China
| | | | - Yonghong Dong
- Department of General Surgery, Shanxi Provincial People's Hospital, Taiyuan 710068, China
| | | | | | - Junyu Long
- Department of Liver Surgery, Peking Union Medical College Hospital, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences & Peking Union Medical College (CAMS & PUMC), Beijing 100730, China
| | - Xu Yang
- Department of Liver Surgery, Peking Union Medical College Hospital, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences & Peking Union Medical College (CAMS & PUMC), Beijing 100730, China
| | - Dongxu Wang
- Department of Liver Surgery, Peking Union Medical College Hospital, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences & Peking Union Medical College (CAMS & PUMC), Beijing 100730, China
| | - Xiaobo Yang
- Department of Liver Surgery, Peking Union Medical College Hospital, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences & Peking Union Medical College (CAMS & PUMC), Beijing 100730, China
| | - Lin Zhao
- Department of General Surgery, Shanxi Provincial People's Hospital, Taiyuan 710068, China
| | - Ke Hu
- Center for Radiotherapy, Peking Union Medical College Hospital, Beijing 100032, China
| | - Jie Pan
- Department of Radiology, Peking Union Medical College Hospital, Beijing 100032, China
| | - Xinting Sang
- Department of Liver Surgery, Peking Union Medical College Hospital, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences & Peking Union Medical College (CAMS & PUMC), Beijing 100730, China
| | - Kai Wang
- OrigiMed, Shanghai 201114, China.,Zhejiang University International Hospital, Hangzhou 310030, China
| | - Haitao Zhao
- Department of Liver Surgery, Peking Union Medical College Hospital, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences & Peking Union Medical College (CAMS & PUMC), Beijing 100730, China
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Fedele S, Lobascio P, Carbotta G, Balducci G, Laforgia R, Sederino MG, Minafra M, Delvecchio A, Palasciano N. Gallstone ileus in a ninety-two years old colecistectomized patient after endoscopic biliary sphincterotomy: a case report. G Chir 2019; 38:299-302. [PMID: 29442062 DOI: 10.11138/gchir/2017.38.6.299] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/26/2023]
Abstract
INTRODUCTION Gallstone ileus is an uncommon condition of mechanical bowel obstruction caused by the passage of a gallstone into the bowel. It occurs more frequently in female patients older than 65 years and often for a biliary-enteric fistula. The pathognomonic features of gallstone ileus - the Rigler's triad - are pneumobilia, ectopic gallstone and bowel obstruction. Less commonly, a gallstone may enter the intestinal lumen through the common bile duct, after endoscopic retrograde cholangiopancreatography, and very rarely in colecistectomized patient. CASE REPORT A 92-year old colecistectomized male patient was admitted to our unit for the clinical suspicion of bowel obstruction. He was also submitted to ERCP seven months before. Physical examination revealed tenderness in the lower abdomen and CT showed intrahepatic and extrahepatic biliary dilatation and small bowel obstruction with a hyperdense formation in right iliac fossa as gallstone ileus. It was performed an emergency laparotomy with enterotomy and a 5x3 cm gallstone removal. There were no post-operative complications and the patient was discharged 8 days after surgery. DISCUSSION Cholecysto-duodenal fistulas are most frequently described in worldwide-reports. There are only few cases in literature of gallstone which enter the gastrointestinal tract following endoscopic retrograde cholangiopancreatography (ERCP) and sphincterotomy through papilla of Vater, without a biliary-enteric fistula, causing gallstone ileus. If the patient is cholecistectomized, gallstone removal alone is required. CONCLUSION The differential diagnosis in case of small bowel obstruction should always include gallstone ileus, even if the patient previously underwent a cholecystectomy.
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Zhou F, Zhang Y, Sun J, Yang X. Characteristics of a novel cell line ZJU-0430 established from human gallbladder carcinoma. Cancer Cell Int 2019; 19:190. [PMID: 31367188 PMCID: PMC6647153 DOI: 10.1186/s12935-019-0911-1] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/04/2019] [Accepted: 07/15/2019] [Indexed: 12/12/2022] Open
Abstract
Background Gallbladder cancer is the most common malignant neoplasm of the biliary tract, responsible for 80–95% of cases. Appropriate models are required for investigating the molecular pathogenesis of gallbladder cancer. Methods In this study, we aimed to establish a gallbladder cancer cell line from primary tumour. Single cell RNA sequencing, Light and electron microscopy, DNA content analysis, cytogenetic analysis, short tandem repeat (STR) DNA fingerprint analysis, immunophenotypic characterization, and xeno-transplantation were utilized to characterize the novel ZJU-0430 cell line in vitro and in vivo. Results The cell line showed multiple cell shapes and characteristic epithelial morphologies under the microscope, but no too much heterogeneity by scRNA-Seq, with a population doubling time (PDT) of 19.81 h, which was shorter than that for GBC-SD cells. An immunophenotypic analysis revealed that ZJU-0430 cells were positive for CD24, CD44, CD29 and CD133 expression, and partially positive for CD184, and CD326 expression, and negative for CD34, CD90, CD117, and CD338 expression, similar to the primary cancer cells. A pathological analysis confirmed the origination of cell line from gallbladder tumour. ZJU-0430 cells had higher migration, invasion and proliferation properties than GBC-SD cells in vitro, and showed in vivo tumorigenicity in nude mouse xenograft settings. Conclusions The results confirm the potential utility of ZJU-0430 cell line as a representative model of gallbladder cancer and suggest that it could be used in the in vitro and in vivo studies of gallbladder cancer pathogenesis and to develop new therapeutics. Electronic supplementary material The online version of this article (10.1186/s12935-019-0911-1) contains supplementary material, which is available to authorized users.
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Affiliation(s)
- Fei Zhou
- 1Department of Radiology, Sir Run Run Shaw Hospital, Zhejiang University School of Medicine, Hangzhou, Zhejiang China
| | - Yanhua Zhang
- 2Department of Pathology, Sir Run Run Shaw Hospital, Zhejiang University School of Medicine, Hangzhou, Zhejiang China
| | - Jihong Sun
- 1Department of Radiology, Sir Run Run Shaw Hospital, Zhejiang University School of Medicine, Hangzhou, Zhejiang China
| | - Xiaoming Yang
- 1Department of Radiology, Sir Run Run Shaw Hospital, Zhejiang University School of Medicine, Hangzhou, Zhejiang China.,3Image-Guided Bio-Molecular Intervention Research, Department of Radiology, University of Washington School of Medicine, Seattle, WA USA
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227
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Triantafyllou E, Anastasiadis I, Konstantinidis D, Syllaios A, Gerovasileiou E, Tsiripidis O. Asymptomatic migration of ventral mesh for incisional hernia into the small intestine: A case report. Clin Case Rep 2019; 7:1339-1341. [PMID: 31360481 PMCID: PMC6637341 DOI: 10.1002/ccr3.2212] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/23/2019] [Revised: 04/22/2019] [Accepted: 04/27/2019] [Indexed: 11/25/2022] Open
Abstract
Even though mesh migration is a rare complication, it must be considered in the differential diagnosis when investigating abdominal pain and digestive complications in patients with history of abdominal operations.
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Affiliation(s)
| | | | | | | | | | - Orestis Tsiripidis
- Surgical DepartmentMpodosakeio General Hospital of PtolemaidaPtolemaidaGreece
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228
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Manzini G, Henne-Bruns D, Kremer M. Severe complications after mesh migration following abdominal hernial repair: report of two cases and review of literature. GMS Interdiscip Plast Reconstr Surg DGPW 2019; 8:Doc09. [PMID: 31275799 PMCID: PMC6545489 DOI: 10.3205/iprs000135] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/30/2022]
Abstract
Background: Migration of mesh after ventral and incisional hernia repair is a rare but well described complication. The aim of our work is to present two cases of mesh migration after incisional hernia repair and to review the current literature. Methods: We describe the two cases of mesh migration that occurred at our department. Additionally, we performed a systematic literature search. Results: In both cases we observed a mesh migration with formation of an entero-cutaneous fistula that required surgical therapy. In the literature search we found a total of 16 publications dealing with mesh migration after incisional (n=14) and ventral hernia (n=2) repair in adult patients (15 case reports and one retrospective study). In 9 out of 15 patients (54%) who presented with mesh migration or erosion, a polypropylene mesh was responsible for this complication. Conclusions: Mesh migration after abdominal hernia repair is rare, the only available retrospective study reports a rate of 2.7%. The ability of polypropylene mesh to migrate into hollow viscera is well known and confirmed both by our data and the results of the literature review. As the incidence of mesh erosion/migration is significantly lower than the recurrence rate after hernia repair without mesh, up to now, no better alternative exists for the treatment of abdominal wall hernia than mesh augmentation.
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Affiliation(s)
- Giulia Manzini
- Department of General and Visceral Surgery, University Hospital of Ulm, Germany
| | - Doris Henne-Bruns
- Department of General and Visceral Surgery, University Hospital of Ulm, Germany
| | - Michael Kremer
- Department of General and Visceral Surgery, University Hospital of Ulm, Germany.,Department of General and Visceral Surgery, Kantonsspital Aarau, Switzerland
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229
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Iyer P, Shrikhande SV, Ranjan M, Joshi A, Gardi N, Prasad R, Dharavath B, Thorat R, Salunkhe S, Sahoo B, Chandrani P, Kore H, Mohanty B, Chaudhari V, Choughule A, Kawle D, Chaudhari P, Ingle A, Banavali S, Gera P, Ramadwar MR, Prabhash K, Barreto SG, Dutt S, Dutt A. ERBB2 and KRAS alterations mediate response to EGFR inhibitors in early stage gallbladder cancer. Int J Cancer 2019; 144:2008-2019. [PMID: 30304546 PMCID: PMC6378102 DOI: 10.1002/ijc.31916] [Citation(s) in RCA: 23] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/23/2018] [Accepted: 09/27/2018] [Indexed: 02/05/2023]
Abstract
The uncommonness of gallbladder cancer in the developed world has contributed to the generally poor understanding of the disease. Our integrated analysis of whole exome sequencing, copy number alterations, immunohistochemical, and phospho-proteome array profiling indicates ERBB2 alterations in 40% early-stage rare gallbladder tumors, among an ethnically distinct population not studied before, that occurs through overexpression in 24% (n = 25) and recurrent mutations in 14% tumors (n = 44); along with co-occurring KRAS mutation in 7% tumors (n = 44). We demonstrate that ERBB2 heterodimerizes with EGFR to constitutively activate the ErbB signaling pathway in gallbladder cells. Consistent with this, treatment with ERBB2-specific, EGFR-specific shRNA or with a covalent EGFR family inhibitor Afatinib inhibits tumor-associated characteristics of the gallbladder cancer cells. Furthermore, we observe an in vivo reduction in tumor size of gallbladder xenografts in response to Afatinib is paralleled by a reduction in the amounts of phospho-ERK, in tumors harboring KRAS (G13D) mutation but not in KRAS (G12V) mutation, supporting an essential role of the ErbB pathway. In overall, besides implicating ERBB2 as an important therapeutic target under neo-adjuvant or adjuvant settings, we present the first evidence that the presence of KRAS mutations may preclude gallbladder cancer patients to respond to anti-EGFR treatment, similar to a clinical algorithm commonly practiced to opt for anti-EGFR treatment in colorectal cancer.
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Affiliation(s)
- Prajish Iyer
- Integrated Cancer Genomics LaboratoryAdvanced Centre for Treatment Research Education in Cancer (ACTREC), Tata Memorial CentreNavi MumbaiMaharashtraIndia
- Homi Bhabha National InstituteMumbaiMaharashtraIndia
| | - Shailesh V. Shrikhande
- Homi Bhabha National InstituteMumbaiMaharashtraIndia
- Department of Gastrointestinal and Hepato‐Pancreato‐Biliary Surgical OncologyTata Memorial Centre, Ernest Borges MargMumbaiMaharashtraIndia
| | - Malika Ranjan
- Integrated Cancer Genomics LaboratoryAdvanced Centre for Treatment Research Education in Cancer (ACTREC), Tata Memorial CentreNavi MumbaiMaharashtraIndia
| | - Asim Joshi
- Integrated Cancer Genomics LaboratoryAdvanced Centre for Treatment Research Education in Cancer (ACTREC), Tata Memorial CentreNavi MumbaiMaharashtraIndia
- Homi Bhabha National InstituteMumbaiMaharashtraIndia
| | - Nilesh Gardi
- Integrated Cancer Genomics LaboratoryAdvanced Centre for Treatment Research Education in Cancer (ACTREC), Tata Memorial CentreNavi MumbaiMaharashtraIndia
| | - Ratnam Prasad
- Integrated Cancer Genomics LaboratoryAdvanced Centre for Treatment Research Education in Cancer (ACTREC), Tata Memorial CentreNavi MumbaiMaharashtraIndia
| | - Bhasker Dharavath
- Integrated Cancer Genomics LaboratoryAdvanced Centre for Treatment Research Education in Cancer (ACTREC), Tata Memorial CentreNavi MumbaiMaharashtraIndia
- Homi Bhabha National InstituteMumbaiMaharashtraIndia
| | - Rahul Thorat
- Laboratory Animal FacilityAdvanced Centre for Treatment, Research and Education in Cancer, Tata Memorial CentreNavi MumbaiMaharashtraIndia
| | - Sameer Salunkhe
- Homi Bhabha National InstituteMumbaiMaharashtraIndia
- Shilpee laboratoryAdvanced Centre for Treatment Research Education In Cancer (ACTREC), Tata Memorial CentreNavi MumbaiMaharashtraIndia
| | - Bikram Sahoo
- Integrated Cancer Genomics LaboratoryAdvanced Centre for Treatment Research Education in Cancer (ACTREC), Tata Memorial CentreNavi MumbaiMaharashtraIndia
| | - Pratik Chandrani
- Integrated Cancer Genomics LaboratoryAdvanced Centre for Treatment Research Education in Cancer (ACTREC), Tata Memorial CentreNavi MumbaiMaharashtraIndia
| | - Hitesh Kore
- Integrated Cancer Genomics LaboratoryAdvanced Centre for Treatment Research Education in Cancer (ACTREC), Tata Memorial CentreNavi MumbaiMaharashtraIndia
| | - Bhabani Mohanty
- Small Animal Imaging facilityAdvanced Centre for Treatment Research Education In Cancer (ACTREC), Tata Memorial CentreNavi MumbaiMaharashtraIndia
| | - Vikram Chaudhari
- Department of Gastrointestinal and Hepato‐Pancreato‐Biliary Surgical OncologyTata Memorial Centre, Ernest Borges MargMumbaiMaharashtraIndia
| | - Anuradha Choughule
- Department of Medical OncologyTata Memorial Centre, Ernest Borges MargMumbaiMaharashtraIndia
| | - Dhananjay Kawle
- Integrated Cancer Genomics LaboratoryAdvanced Centre for Treatment Research Education in Cancer (ACTREC), Tata Memorial CentreNavi MumbaiMaharashtraIndia
| | - Pradip Chaudhari
- Small Animal Imaging facilityAdvanced Centre for Treatment Research Education In Cancer (ACTREC), Tata Memorial CentreNavi MumbaiMaharashtraIndia
| | - Arvind Ingle
- Laboratory Animal FacilityAdvanced Centre for Treatment, Research and Education in Cancer, Tata Memorial CentreNavi MumbaiMaharashtraIndia
| | - Shripad Banavali
- Homi Bhabha National InstituteMumbaiMaharashtraIndia
- Department of Medical OncologyTata Memorial Centre, Ernest Borges MargMumbaiMaharashtraIndia
| | - Poonam Gera
- Tissue BiorepositoryAdvanced Centre for Treatment Research and Education in Cancer (ACTREC), Tata Memorial CentreNavi MumbaiMaharashtraIndia
| | - Mukta R. Ramadwar
- Homi Bhabha National InstituteMumbaiMaharashtraIndia
- Department of PathologyTata Memorial Centre, Ernest Borges MargMumbaiMaharashtraIndia
| | - Kumar Prabhash
- Homi Bhabha National InstituteMumbaiMaharashtraIndia
- Department of Medical OncologyTata Memorial Centre, Ernest Borges MargMumbaiMaharashtraIndia
| | - Savio George Barreto
- Department of Gastrointestinal and Hepato‐Pancreato‐Biliary Surgical OncologyTata Memorial Centre, Ernest Borges MargMumbaiMaharashtraIndia
| | - Shilpee Dutt
- Homi Bhabha National InstituteMumbaiMaharashtraIndia
- Shilpee laboratoryAdvanced Centre for Treatment Research Education In Cancer (ACTREC), Tata Memorial CentreNavi MumbaiMaharashtraIndia
| | - Amit Dutt
- Integrated Cancer Genomics LaboratoryAdvanced Centre for Treatment Research Education in Cancer (ACTREC), Tata Memorial CentreNavi MumbaiMaharashtraIndia
- Homi Bhabha National InstituteMumbaiMaharashtraIndia
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Abstract
The incidence of gallstone ileus (GSI) is increasing. Current treatment options include enterolithotomy with or without cholecystectomy and repair of the biliodigestive fistula. Although most surgeons defer the management of the biliodigestive fistula to avoid the associated morbidity and mortality, this can lead to increased rate of recurrence of GSI by the remaining gallstones. More than 130 cases of recurrent GSI were reported in published works, and the incidence of recurrent GSI is reported to be between 5% and 20%. Some cases of second recurrent attacks have also been reported. Most cases were reported in elderly women with faceted stones during the first 2 months from the first episode of GSI. This article reviews the current treatment options for more than 4,300 reported cases of GSI. A treatment algorithm is recommended based on the severity of the inflammation around the gallbladder, including cholecystolithotomy as a third treatment approach that aims to reduce the risk of recurrent GSI.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mohamed A. Rabie
- General SurgeryThe Queen Elizabeth Hospital in Kings LynnKings LynnUK
- General SurgeryAin Shams University HospitalCairoEgypt
| | - Ashraf Sokker
- General SurgeryThe Queen Elizabeth Hospital in Kings LynnKings LynnUK
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231
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Gwyer D, Wragg NM, Wilson SL. Gastric pentadecapeptide body protection compound BPC 157 and its role in accelerating musculoskeletal soft tissue healing. Cell Tissue Res 2019; 377:153-9. [PMID: 30915550 DOI: 10.1007/s00441-019-03016-8] [Citation(s) in RCA: 17] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/01/2018] [Accepted: 02/27/2019] [Indexed: 12/20/2022]
Abstract
There is a current need for a therapy that can alleviate the social and economic burden that presents itself with debilitating and recurring musculoskeletal soft tissue injuries and disorders. Currently, several therapies are emerging and undergoing trials in animal models; these focus on the manipulation and administration of several growth factors implicated with healing. However, limitations include in vivo instability, reliance on biocompatible and robust carriers and restricted application procedures (local and direct). The aim of this paper is therefore to critically review the current literature surrounding the use of BPC 157, as a feasible therapy for healing and functional restoration of soft tissue damage, with a focus on tendon, ligament and skeletal muscle healing. Currently, all studies investigating BPC 157 have demonstrated consistently positive and prompt healing effects for various injury types, both traumatic and systemic and for a plethora of soft tissues. However, to date, the majority of studies have been performed on small rodent models and the efficacy of BPC 157 is yet to be confirmed in humans. Further, over the past two decades, only a handful of research groups have performed in-depth studies regarding this peptide. Despite this, it is apparent that BPC 157 has huge potential and following further development has promise as a therapy to conservatively treat or aid recovery in hypovascular and hypocellular soft tissues such as tendon and ligaments. Moreover, skeletal muscle injury models have suggested a beneficial effect not only for disturbances that occur as a result of direct trauma but also for systemic insults including hyperkalamia and hypermagnesia. Promisingly, there are few studies reporting any adverse reactions to the administration of BPC 157, although there is still a need to understand the precise healing mechanisms for this therapy to achieve clinical realisation.
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232
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Deng XT, Tang SM, Wu PY, Li QP, Ge XX, Xu BM, Wang HS, Miao L. SP/NK-1R promotes gallbladder cancer cell proliferation and migration. J Cell Mol Med 2019; 23:7961-7973. [PMID: 30903649 PMCID: PMC6850939 DOI: 10.1111/jcmm.14230] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/29/2018] [Revised: 01/24/2019] [Accepted: 01/27/2019] [Indexed: 12/28/2022] Open
Abstract
Aberrant substance P/neurokinin‐1 receptor (SP/NK‐1R) system activation plays a critical role in various disorders, however, little is known about the expression and the detailed molecular mechanism of the SP and NK‐1R in gallbladder cancer (GBC). In this study, we firstly analyzed the expression and clinical significance of them in patients with GBC. Then, cellular assays were performed to clarify their biological role in GBC cells. Moreover, we investigated the molecular mechanisms regulated by SP/NK‐1R. Meanwhile, mice xenografted with human GBC cells were analyzed regarding the effects of SP/NK1R complex in vivo. Finally, patient samples were utilized to investigate the effect of SP/NK‐1R. The results showed that SP and NK‐1R were highly expressed in GBC. We found that SP strongly induced GBC cell proliferation, clone formation, migration and invasion, whereas antagonizing NK‐1R resulted in the opposite effects. Moreover, SP significantly enhanced the expression of NF‐κB p65 and the tumor‐associated cytokines, while, Akt inhibitor could reverse these effects. Further studies indicated that decreasing activation of NF‐κB or Akt diminished GBC cell proliferation and migration. In consistent with results, immunohistochemical staining showed high levels of Akt, NF‐κB and cytokines in tumor tissues. Most importantly, the similar conclusion was obtained in xenograft mouse model. Our findings demonstrate that NK‐1R, after binding with the endogenous agonist SP, could induce GBC cell migration and spreading via modulation of Akt/NF‐κB pathway.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xue-Ting Deng
- Medical Center for Digestive Diseases, the Second Affiliated Hospital of Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing, China
| | - Si-Min Tang
- Medical Center for Digestive Diseases, the Second Affiliated Hospital of Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing, China
| | - Pei-Yao Wu
- Medical Center for Digestive Diseases, the Second Affiliated Hospital of Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing, China
| | - Quan-Peng Li
- Medical Center for Digestive Diseases, the Second Affiliated Hospital of Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing, China
| | - Xian-Xiu Ge
- Medical Center for Digestive Diseases, the Second Affiliated Hospital of Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing, China
| | - Bo-Ming Xu
- Medical Center for Digestive Diseases, the Second Affiliated Hospital of Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing, China
| | - Hui-Shan Wang
- Medical Center for Digestive Diseases, the Second Affiliated Hospital of Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing, China
| | - Lin Miao
- Medical Center for Digestive Diseases, the Second Affiliated Hospital of Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing, China
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Shukla SK, Pant P, Singh G, Bhuvan, Shahi KS. Histopathological Examination of Gallbladder Specimens in Kumaon Region of Uttarakhand. J Gastrointest Cancer 2020; 51:121-9. [PMID: 30847742 DOI: 10.1007/s12029-018-00188-4] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/12/2022]
Abstract
Gall stones are one of the major causes of morbidity and mortality all over the world and common health problems throughout in developing countries. Cholecystectomy is one of the most common surgical practices and postoperative analysis of cholecystectomy specimen has a great value since histopathological reports may document some entities with significant clinical significances. Gallbladder carcinomas in cholecystectomy specimens are received in our histopathology laboratory to analyse their clinicopathological features. This was a descriptive study carried out at the histopathology section of the Department of Pathology at our hospital over a period of two years ranging from November 2016 to October 2018. Both intraoperative and postoperative histological examinations of the excised gallbladder facilitated the diagnosis of gallbladder cancer. Surgery-related variables and surgical approaches were evaluated according to the extent of tumor invasion. Twenty five cholecystectomy specimens of the acute and symptomatic chronic cholecystitis patients were analyzed. Standardization of the reporting were examined. Age, gender, presence of gall stone, cholesterolosis, adenomatous hyperplasia, gastric or intestinal metaplasia, dysplasia, histopathological type of gallbladder carcinoma, cellular differentiation, grading, lympho vascular invision, perineural invasion, lymph node invasion, involvement of cystic duct end margin, liver invasion, omental tissue invasion and T.N.M. staging were investigated. Reported rates of histopathological findings were comparable between patients aged twenty six years to seventy six years. Epithelial hyperplasia and metaplasia were found to be related to age. The correlation between cholesterolosis and gender or metaplasia was noted. We suggest that in India and other nations, high incidences of gallbladder carcinoma, all cholecystectomy specimens must be submitted to routine macroscopic and histopathology examination in the laboratory, as this is the only capability through which malignancies can be detected at an early, potentially curable stage. This incidental finding has altered the management and outcome of this dreadful disease.
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Chen J, Yu Y, Li H, Hu Q, Chen X, He Y, Xue C, Ren F, Ren Z, Li J, Liu L, Duan Z, Cui G, Sun R. Long non-coding RNA PVT1 promotes tumor progression by regulating the miR-143/HK2 axis in gallbladder cancer. Mol Cancer 2019; 18:33. [PMID: 30825877 PMCID: PMC6397746 DOI: 10.1186/s12943-019-0947-9] [Citation(s) in RCA: 258] [Impact Index Per Article: 51.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/28/2018] [Accepted: 01/23/2019] [Indexed: 12/17/2022] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND The long non-coding RNA PVT1 (lncRNA PVT1) has been reported to act as an oncogenic regulator of several cancers. However, its expression and function in gallbladder cancer (GBC) remain largely unknown. METHODS In situ hybridization (ISH) and quantitative real-time PCR (qPCR) were performed to detect the expression of PVT1 and miR-143 in GBC tissues and cell lines. Immunohistochemistry (IHC) assays were performed to assess the expression of the hexokinase 2 (HK2) protein. The relationships among PVT1, miR-143 and HK2 were evaluated using dual-luciferase reporter, RNA immunoprecipitation (RIP) and biotin pull-down assays. The biological functions of PVT1, miR-143 and HK2 in GBC cells were explored with cell counting kit 8 (CCK-8), 5-ethynyl-20-deoxyuridine (EdU), colony formation, transwell, wound healing and glucose metabolism assays in vitro. For in vivo experiments, a xenograft model was used to investigate the effects of PVT1 and HK2 on GBC. RESULTS PVT1 was upregulated in GBC tissues and cells and was positively associated with malignancies and worse overall survival. PVT1 knockdown inhibited cell proliferation, migration, and invasion in vitro and restrained tumor growth in vivo. Further studies demonstrated that PVT1 positively regulated HK2 expression via its competing endogenous RNA (ceRNA) activity on miR-143. Additionally, HK2 expression and function were positively correlated with PVT1. Furthermore, we observed that the PVT1/miR-143/HK2 axis promoted cell proliferation and metastasis by regulating aerobic glucose metabolism in GBC cells. CONCLUSIONS The results of our study reveal a potential ceRNA regulatory pathway in which PVT1 modulates HK2 expression by competitively binding to endogenous miR-143 in GBC cells, which may provide new insights into novel molecular therapeutic targets for GBC.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jianan Chen
- Precision Medicine Center, The First Affiliated Hospital of Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou, 450052 China
- Key Laboratory of Clinical Medicine, The First Affiliated Hospital of Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou, 450052 China
| | - Yan Yu
- Precision Medicine Center, The First Affiliated Hospital of Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou, 450052 China
- Key Laboratory of Clinical Medicine, The First Affiliated Hospital of Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou, 450052 China
| | - Hua Li
- Precision Medicine Center, The First Affiliated Hospital of Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou, 450052 China
- Key Laboratory of Clinical Medicine, The First Affiliated Hospital of Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou, 450052 China
| | - Qiuyue Hu
- Precision Medicine Center, The First Affiliated Hospital of Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou, 450052 China
- Key Laboratory of Clinical Medicine, The First Affiliated Hospital of Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou, 450052 China
| | - Xiaolong Chen
- Precision Medicine Center, The First Affiliated Hospital of Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou, 450052 China
- Key Laboratory of Clinical Medicine, The First Affiliated Hospital of Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou, 450052 China
| | - Yuting He
- Precision Medicine Center, The First Affiliated Hospital of Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou, 450052 China
- Key Laboratory of Clinical Medicine, The First Affiliated Hospital of Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou, 450052 China
| | - Chen Xue
- Precision Medicine Center, The First Affiliated Hospital of Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou, 450052 China
- Key Laboratory of Clinical Medicine, The First Affiliated Hospital of Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou, 450052 China
| | - Fang Ren
- Key Laboratory of Clinical Medicine, The First Affiliated Hospital of Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou, 450052 China
| | - Zhigang Ren
- Precision Medicine Center, The First Affiliated Hospital of Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou, 450052 China
- Key Laboratory of Clinical Medicine, The First Affiliated Hospital of Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou, 450052 China
| | - Juan Li
- Precision Medicine Center, The First Affiliated Hospital of Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou, 450052 China
- Key Laboratory of Clinical Medicine, The First Affiliated Hospital of Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou, 450052 China
| | - Liwen Liu
- Precision Medicine Center, The First Affiliated Hospital of Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou, 450052 China
- Key Laboratory of Clinical Medicine, The First Affiliated Hospital of Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou, 450052 China
| | - Zhenfeng Duan
- Sarcoma Biology Laboratory, Department of Orthopaedic Surgery, David Geffen School of Medicine at University of California Los Angeles, Los Angeles, CA 90095 USA
| | - Guangying Cui
- Precision Medicine Center, The First Affiliated Hospital of Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou, 450052 China
- Key Laboratory of Clinical Medicine, The First Affiliated Hospital of Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou, 450052 China
| | - Ranran Sun
- Precision Medicine Center, The First Affiliated Hospital of Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou, 450052 China
- Key Laboratory of Clinical Medicine, The First Affiliated Hospital of Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou, 450052 China
- National Engineering Laboratory for Internet Medical System and Application, The First Affiliated Hospital of Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou, 450052 Henan China
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Albrecht E, Vorobeichik L, Jacot-Guillarmod A, Fournier N, Abdallah FW. Dexamethasone Is Superior to Dexmedetomidine as a Perineural Adjunct for Supraclavicular Brachial Plexus Block. Anesth Analg 2019; 128:543-554. [DOI: 10.1213/ane.0000000000003860] [Citation(s) in RCA: 36] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/12/2022]
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236
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Lamberti G, Peterle C, Gelsomino F. DARPP-32 and t-DARPP isoform in non-small cell lung cancer (NSCLC): could they drive patients' clinical management and be a therapeutic target? Transl Lung Cancer Res 2019; 7:S326-S328. [PMID: 30705846 DOI: 10.21037/tlcr.2018.12.06] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/06/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Giuseppe Lamberti
- Medical Oncology Unit, Policlinico S.Orsola-Malpighi, Bologna, Italy.,Department of Specialized, Experimental and Diagnostic Medicine, Policlinico S.Orsola-Malpighi, University of Bologna, Bologna, Italy
| | - Chiara Peterle
- Medical Oncology Unit, Policlinico S.Orsola-Malpighi, Bologna, Italy.,Department of Specialized, Experimental and Diagnostic Medicine, Policlinico S.Orsola-Malpighi, University of Bologna, Bologna, Italy
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237
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Božin T, Mustapić S, Bokun T, Patrlj L, Rakić M, Aralica G, Kujundžić M, Trkulja V, Grgurević I. Albi Score as a Predictor of Survival in Patients with Compensated Cirrhosis Resected for Hepatocellular Carcinoma: Exploratory Evaluation in Relationship to Palbi and Meld Liver Function Scores. Acta Clin Croat 2019; 57:292-300. [PMID: 30431722 PMCID: PMC6531997 DOI: 10.20471/acc.2018.57.02.09] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/27/2023] Open
Abstract
The aim of the study was to explore predictive value of the ALBI, PALBI and MELD scores on survival in patients resected for hepatocellular carcinoma with compensated liver cirrhosis and no macrovascular infiltration. In this retrospective study, longitudinal survival analysis was performed. We analyzed patient/tumor characteristics and MELD, ALBI and PALBI scores as liver function tests for predicting survival outcome. Survival was analyzed from the date of liver resection until death, liver transplantation, or end of follow-up. Patients were stratified for age, cirrhosis etiology, presence of esophageal varices, hepatocellular carcinoma stage, microvascular invasion, histologic differentiation, and resection margins. We identified 38 patients (alcoholic cirrhosis in 84.2% of patients) resected over an 8-year period. Median preoperative MELD score was 8, ALBI score -2.63, and PALBI score -2.38. During the follow-up period, 24 patients died. Estimated median survival time was 36 months. Microvascular invasion was observed in 33 patients. Higher ALBI score was associated with 23.1% higher relative risk of death. PALBI score was associated with 12.1% higher relative risk of death, whereas MELD score was not associated with the risk of death. In conclusion, ALBI score demonstrated significant predictive capabilities for survival in patients with compensated cirrhosis resected for hepatocellular carcinoma.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Sanda Mustapić
- Department of Gastroenterology, Hepatology and Clinical Nutrition, Dubrava University Hospital, Zagreb, Croatia
| | - Tomislav Bokun
- Department of Gastroenterology, Hepatology and Clinical Nutrition, Dubrava University Hospital, Zagreb, Croatia
| | - Leonardo Patrlj
- Department of Abdominal Surgery, Dubrava University Hospital, Zagreb, Croatia.,University of Zagreb, School of Medicine, Zagreb, Croatia
| | - Mislav Rakić
- Department of Abdominal Surgery, Dubrava University Hospital, Zagreb, Croatia
| | - Gorana Aralica
- University of Zagreb, School of Medicine, Zagreb, Croatia.,Department of Pathology, Dubrava University Hospital, Zagreb, Croatia
| | - Milan Kujundžić
- Department of Gastroenterology, Hepatology and Clinical Nutrition, Dubrava University Hospital, Zagreb, Croatia.,University of Zagreb, School of Medicine, Zagreb, Croatia
| | - Vladimir Trkulja
- Department of Pharmacology, University of Zagreb, School of Medicine, Zagreb, Croatia
| | - Ivica Grgurević
- Department of Gastroenterology, Hepatology and Clinical Nutrition, Dubrava University Hospital, Zagreb, Croatia.,University of Zagreb, School of Medicine, Zagreb, Croatia
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238
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Sever AZ, Sever M, Vidovic T, Lojo N, Kolenc D, Vuletic LB, Drmic D, Kokot A, Zoricic I, Coric M, Vlainic J, Poljak L, Seiwerth S, Sikiric P. Stable gastric pentadecapeptide BPC 157 in the therapy of the rats with bile duct ligation. Eur J Pharmacol. 2019;847:130-142. [PMID: 30690000 DOI: 10.1016/j.ejphar.2019.01.030] [Citation(s) in RCA: 29] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/28/2017] [Revised: 01/16/2019] [Accepted: 01/18/2019] [Indexed: 02/06/2023]
Abstract
Recently, stable gastric pentadecapeptide BPC 157 reversed the high MDA- and NO-tissue values to the healthy levels. Thereby, BPC 157 therapy cured rats with bile duct ligation (BDL) (sacrifice at 2, 4, 6, 8 week). BPC 157-medication (10 μg/kg, 10 ng/kg) was continuously in drinking water (0.16 μg/ml, 0.16 ng/ml, 12 ml/rat/day) since awakening from surgery, or since week 4. Intraperitoneal administration was first at 30 min post-ligation, last at 24 h before sacrifice. Local bath BPC 157 (10 µg/kg) with assessed immediate normalization of portal hypertension was given immediately after establishing portal hypertension values at 4, 6, 8 week. BPC 157 therapy markedly abated jaundice, snout, ears, paws, and yellow abdominal tegmentum in controls since 4th week, ascites, nodular, steatotic liver with large dilatation of main bile duct, increased liver and/or cyst weight, decreased body weight. BPC 157 counteracts the piecemeal necrosis, focal lytic necrosis, apoptosis and focal inflammation, disturbed cell proliferation (Ki-67-staining), cytoskeletal structure in the hepatic stellate cell (α-SMA staining), collagen presentation (Mallory staining). Likewise, counteraction includes increased AST, ALT, GGT, ALP, total bilirubin, direct and indirect and decreased albumin serum levels. As the end-result appear normalized MDA- and NO-tissue values, next to Western blot of NOS2 and NOS3 in the liver tissue, and decreased IL-6, TNF-α, IL-1β levels in liver tissue. Finally, although portal hypertension is sustained in BDL-rats, with BPC 157 therapy, portal hypertension in BDL-rats is either not even developed or rapidly abated, depending on the given BPC 157's regimen. Thus, BPC 157 may counteract liver fibrosis and portal hypertension.
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239
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Bravo D, Aliste J, Layera S, Fernández D, Leurcharusmee P, Samerchua A, Tangjitbampenbun A, Watanitanon A, Arnuntasupakul V, Tunprasit C, Gordon A, Finlayson RJ, Tran DQ. A multicenter, randomized comparison between 2, 5, and 8 mg of perineural dexamethasone for ultrasound-guided infraclavicular block. Reg Anesth Pain Med 2019; 44:46-51. [DOI: 10.1136/rapm-2018-000032] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/24/2018] [Revised: 07/11/2018] [Accepted: 07/23/2018] [Indexed: 11/03/2022]
Abstract
Background and objectivesThis multicenter, randomized trial compared 2, 5, and 8 mg of perineural dexamethasone for ultrasound-guided infraclavicular brachial plexus block. Our research hypothesis was that all three doses of dexamethasone would result in equivalent durations of motor block (equivalence margin=3.0 hours).MethodsThree hundred and sixty patients undergoing upper limb surgery with ultrasound-guided infraclavicular block were randomly allocated to receive 2, 5, or 8 mg of preservative-free perineural dexamethasone. The local anesthetic agent (35 mL of lidocaine 1%-bupivacaine 0.25% with epinephrine 5 µg/mL) was identical in all subjects. Patients and operators were blinded to the dose of dexamethasone. During the performance of the block, the performance time, number of needle passes, procedural pain, and complications (vascular puncture, paresthesia) were recorded. Subsequently a blinded observer assessed the success rate (defined as a minimal sensorimotor composite score of 14 out of 16 points at 30 min), onset time as well as the incidence of surgical anesthesia (defined as the ability to complete surgery without local infiltration, supplemental blocks, intravenous opioids, or general anesthesia). Postoperatively, the blinded observer contacted patients with successful blocks to inquire about the duration of motor block, sensory block, and postoperative analgesia. The main outcome variable was the duration of motor block.ResultsNo intergroup differences were observed in terms of technical execution (performance time/number of needle passes/procedural pain complications), onset time, success rate, and surgical anesthesia. Furthermore, all three doses of dexamethasone provided similar durations of motor block (14.9–16.1 hours) and sensory block. Although 5 mg provided a longer analgesic duration than 2 mg, the difference (2.7 hours) fell within our pre-established equivalence margin (3.0 hours).Conclusions2, 5, and 8 mg of dexamethasone provide clinically equivalent sensorimotor and analgesic durations for ultrasound-guided infraclavicular block. Further trials are required to compare low (ie, 2 mg) and ultra-low (eg, 0.5–1 mg) doses of perineural dexamethasone for brachial plexus blocks.Trial registration numberTCTR20150624001.
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240
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Godbole MR, Karhade SS, Parihar PP. A Prospective Study of Comparison of Analgesic Efficacy of Dexamethasone as an Adjuvant in Supraclavicular Block with Intravenous Dexamethasone after Supraclavicular Block in Patients Undergoing Forearm Surgeries. Anesth Essays Res 2019; 13:31-35. [PMID: 31031476 PMCID: PMC6444946 DOI: 10.4103/aer.aer_11_19] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/14/2022] Open
Abstract
Context: Brachial plexus block is a preferred anesthesia technique for upper limb surgeries below the shoulder joint. Drugs used as adjuvants in block enhance the postoperative analgesia significantly. Aim: We aimed to evaluate the analgesic efficacy, of perineural dexamethasone used as an adjuvant to supraclavicular block as against systemic dexamethasone after supraclavicular block. Time for rescue analgesia was also noted in both groups. Subjects and Methods: In our randomized study, 60 patients belonging to the American Society of Anesthesiologist physical status Classes I and II were randomly allocated in two groups of thirty. Group BD received supraclavicular block with local anesthetic and dexamethasone 0.05 mg/kg as an adjuvant. Group BI received supraclavicular block with local anesthetic and intravenous (IV) dexamethasone 0.05 mg/kg after the block. In both groups, the comparison of postoperative analgesia and time for first rescue analgesic was noted. Statistical Analysis Used: Data analysis was done using SPSS version 20.0. Demographic data and continuous variables were analyzed by independent sample t-test. Categorical data were analyzed by unpaired t-test. Results: Group BD showed significantly prolonged postoperative analgesia as compared to Group BI. Time for rescue analgesic in Group BD was (15.8 ± 2.6) H as compared to Group BI (10.3 ± 1.07) H. Conclusions: Dexamethasone, when used in supraclavicular block significantly, prolongs the duration of analgesia as against IV dexamethasone after supraclavicular block.
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Affiliation(s)
- Madhavi Rahul Godbole
- Department of Anaesthesia, Smt. Kashibai Navale Medical College and Hospital, Pune, Maharashtra, India
| | - Seema Shreepad Karhade
- Department of Anaesthesia, Smt. Kashibai Navale Medical College and Hospital, Pune, Maharashtra, India
| | - Priya P Parihar
- Department of Anaesthesia, Smt. Kashibai Navale Medical College and Hospital, Pune, Maharashtra, India
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241
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Dai W, Chen Z, Zuo J, Tan J, Tan M, Yuan Y. Risk factors of postoperative complications after emergency repair of incarcerated groin hernia for adult patients: a retrospective cohort study. Hernia 2018; 23:267-276. [PMID: 30421299 PMCID: PMC6456471 DOI: 10.1007/s10029-018-1854-5] [Citation(s) in RCA: 24] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/28/2018] [Accepted: 11/08/2018] [Indexed: 11/12/2022]
Abstract
Purpose This study aimed to explore risk factors of postoperative complications for adult patients with incarcerated groin hernia (IGH). Methods From January 2010 to December 2017, consecutive patients undergoing emergency hernia repair for IGH in our center were retrospectively reviewed. Postoperative complications, such as surgical site infection, seroma, hernia recurrence and mortality, were investigated, with risk factors for such complications analyzed using univariate and multivariate regressions. Results Sixty-four patients were included, with 51 males and 13 females (mean age 65.1, range 25–98 years). Ten patients (15.6%) underwent resection of necrotic bowel and anastomosis. 43 patients (67.2%) received open tension-free herniorrhaphy with polypropylene mesh, whereas the rest (32.8%) received herniorrhaphy without mesh. The overall postoperative complication rate was 40.6% (26/64), with an incisional complication rate of 31.2% (20/64) and an infection rate of 6.2% (4/64). At a median follow-up of 32 months, hernia recurrence and mortality were recorded in five cases each (7.8%). Mesh repair was associated with decreased recurrence rate compared with non-mesh repair (2.3% vs. 19.0%, p = 0.019). Diabetes mellitus (OR 8.611, 95%CI 1.292–57.405; p = 0.026) was an independent risk factor of postoperative complications, together with chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD; OR 14.365, 95%CI 1.652–127.767, p = 0.016), intestinal necrosis (OR 14.260, 95%CI 1.079–188.460, p = 0.044), and general anesthesia (OR 14.543, 95%CI 1.682–125.711, p = 0.015) as risk for incisional complications after surgery. Conclusions Diabetes mellitus was an independent risk factor of postoperative complications for IGH, along with COPD, intestinal necrosis and general anesthesia associated with incisional complications. The use of polypropylene mesh did not increase infection or recurrence rate in this cohort.
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Affiliation(s)
- W Dai
- Center of Gastrointestinal Surgery, The First Affiliated Hospital of Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou, 510080, Guangdong Province, People's Republic of China.,Center of Hernia and Abdominal Wall Surgery, The First Affiliated Hospital of Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou, 510080, Guangdong Province, People's Republic of China
| | - Z Chen
- Center of Gastrointestinal Surgery, The First Affiliated Hospital of Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou, 510080, Guangdong Province, People's Republic of China.,Center of Hernia and Abdominal Wall Surgery, The First Affiliated Hospital of Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou, 510080, Guangdong Province, People's Republic of China
| | - J Zuo
- Center of Gastrointestinal Surgery, The First Affiliated Hospital of Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou, 510080, Guangdong Province, People's Republic of China.,Center of Hernia and Abdominal Wall Surgery, The First Affiliated Hospital of Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou, 510080, Guangdong Province, People's Republic of China
| | - J Tan
- Center of Gastrointestinal Surgery, The First Affiliated Hospital of Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou, 510080, Guangdong Province, People's Republic of China.,Center of Hernia and Abdominal Wall Surgery, The First Affiliated Hospital of Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou, 510080, Guangdong Province, People's Republic of China
| | - M Tan
- Center of Gastrointestinal Surgery, The First Affiliated Hospital of Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou, 510080, Guangdong Province, People's Republic of China. .,Center of Hernia and Abdominal Wall Surgery, The First Affiliated Hospital of Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou, 510080, Guangdong Province, People's Republic of China.
| | - Y Yuan
- Center of Gastrointestinal Surgery, The First Affiliated Hospital of Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou, 510080, Guangdong Province, People's Republic of China. .,Center of Hernia and Abdominal Wall Surgery, The First Affiliated Hospital of Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou, 510080, Guangdong Province, People's Republic of China.
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242
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van Huizen NA, Coebergh van den Braak RRJ, Doukas M, Dekker LJM, IJzermans JNM, Luider TM. Up-regulation of collagen proteins in colorectal liver metastasis compared with normal liver tissue. J Biol Chem 2018; 294:281-289. [PMID: 30409905 DOI: 10.1074/jbc.ra118.005087] [Citation(s) in RCA: 43] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/30/2018] [Revised: 11/07/2018] [Indexed: 01/30/2023] Open
Abstract
Changes to extracellular matrix (ECM) structures are linked to tumor cell proliferation and metastasis. We previously reported that naturally occurring peptides of collagen type I are elevated in urine of patients with colorectal liver metastasis (CRLM). In the present study, we took an MS-based proteomic approach to identify specific collagen types that are up-regulated in CRLM tissues compared with healthy, adjacent liver tissues from the same patients. We found that 19 of 22 collagen-α chains are significantly up-regulated (p < 0.05) in CRLM tissues compared with the healthy tissues. At least four collagen-α chains were absent or had low expression in healthy colon and adjacent tissues, but were highly abundant in both colorectal cancer (CRC) and CRLM tissues. This expression pattern was also observed for six noncollagen colon-specific proteins, two of which (CDH17 and PPP1R1B/DARP-32) had not previously been linked to CRLM. Furthermore, we observed CRLM-associated up-regulation of 16 proteins (of 20 associated proteins identified) known to be required for collagen synthesis, indicating increased collagen production in CRLM. Immunohistochemistry validated that collagen type XII is significantly up-regulated in CRLM. The results of this study indicate that most collagen isoforms are up-regulated in CRLM compared with healthy tissues, most likely as a result of an increased collagen production in the metastatic cells. Our findings provide further insight into morphological changes in the ECM in CRLM and help explain the finding of tumor metastasis-associated proteins and peptides in urine, suggesting their utility as metastasis biomarkers.
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Affiliation(s)
- Nick A van Huizen
- Department of Surgery, Erasmus University Medical Center, P.O. Box 1738, 3015 GE Rotterdam, The Netherlands; Department of Neurology, Erasmus University Medical Center, P.O. Box 1738, 3015 GE Rotterdam, The Netherlands
| | | | - Michael Doukas
- Department of Pathology, Erasmus University Medical Center, P.O. Box 1738, 3015 GE Rotterdam, The Netherlands
| | - Lennard J M Dekker
- Department of Neurology, Erasmus University Medical Center, P.O. Box 1738, 3015 GE Rotterdam, The Netherlands
| | - Jan N M IJzermans
- Department of Surgery, Erasmus University Medical Center, P.O. Box 1738, 3015 GE Rotterdam, The Netherlands
| | - Theo M Luider
- Department of Neurology, Erasmus University Medical Center, P.O. Box 1738, 3015 GE Rotterdam, The Netherlands.
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Tian L, Deng Z, Xu L, Yang T, Yao W, Ji L, Lu Y, Zhang J, Liu Y, Wang J. Downregulation of ASPP2 promotes gallbladder cancer metastasis and macrophage recruitment via aPKC-ι/GLI1 pathway. Cell Death Dis 2018; 9:1115. [PMID: 30389910 PMCID: PMC6214900 DOI: 10.1038/s41419-018-1145-1] [Citation(s) in RCA: 17] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/04/2018] [Revised: 09/28/2018] [Accepted: 10/09/2018] [Indexed: 12/28/2022]
Abstract
Gallbladder cancer (GBC) is a highly malignant bile duct cancer with poor prognosis due to early invasion and metastasis. However, the molecular mechanisms through which GBC cells interact with the tumor microenvironment (TME) remain poorly understood. Here, we examined the role of the tumor suppressor apoptosis-stimulating of p53 protein 2 (ASPP2) in regulating GBC invasion and metastasis and macrophage recruitment. The clinicopathological significance of ASPP2 expression was measured by immunohistochemical analysis in 72 patients with GBC. Lentivirus-mediated knockdown or overexpression of ASPP2 was used to investigate the biological functions and molecular mechanisms of ASPP2 in GBC cells. Our data showed that downregulation of ASPP2 in patients with GBC was linked to poor prognosis. Knockdown of ASPP2 induced epithelial–mesenchymal transition (EMT) in GBC cells and influenced the TME. Mechanistically, we further confirmed that ASPP2 affected the expression and protein binding between atypical protein kinase C (aPKC)-ι and glioma-associated oncogene homolog 1 (GLI1). ASPP2 also induced C−C motif chemokine ligand (CCL) 2, CCL5, and tumor necrosis factor-α secretion by cancer cells, thereby promoting macrophage recruitment. The latter also induced EMT-like changes in GBC. Furthermore, ASPP2 deficiency regulated GLI1 transcriptional activity via the noncanonical Hedgehog (Hh) pathway and aPKC-ι/GLI1 signaling loop and promoted GLI1 nuclear localization and binding to the promoters of target genes. Our findings revealed that downregulation of ASPP2 promoted GBC invasion and metastasis through the aPKC-ι/GLI1 pathway and enhanced macrophage recruitment. Thus, ASPP2/aPKC-ι/GLI1 pathway may be a potential therapeutic target for the treatment of GBC.
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Affiliation(s)
- Li Tian
- Department of Biliary and Pancreatic Surgery, Affiliated Tongji Hospital, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, 430030, Wuhan, Hubei, China
| | - Zhengdong Deng
- Department of Biliary and Pancreatic Surgery, Affiliated Tongji Hospital, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, 430030, Wuhan, Hubei, China
| | - Lei Xu
- Department of Biliary and Pancreatic Surgery, Affiliated Tongji Hospital, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, 430030, Wuhan, Hubei, China
| | - Tao Yang
- Department of Biliary and Pancreatic Surgery, Affiliated Tongji Hospital, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, 430030, Wuhan, Hubei, China
| | - Wei Yao
- Department of Biliary and Pancreatic Surgery, Affiliated Tongji Hospital, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, 430030, Wuhan, Hubei, China
| | - Lei Ji
- Department of Biliary and Pancreatic Surgery, Affiliated Tongji Hospital, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, 430030, Wuhan, Hubei, China
| | - Yun Lu
- Department of Biliary and Pancreatic Surgery, Affiliated Tongji Hospital, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, 430030, Wuhan, Hubei, China
| | - Jian Zhang
- Department of Biliary and Pancreatic Surgery, Affiliated Tongji Hospital, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, 430030, Wuhan, Hubei, China
| | - Yan Liu
- Department of Geriatrics, Affiliated Tongji Hospital, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, 430030, Wuhan, Hubei, China
| | - Jianming Wang
- Department of Biliary and Pancreatic Surgery, Affiliated Tongji Hospital, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, 430030, Wuhan, Hubei, China.
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244
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Ceci F, D'Amore L, Annesi E, Bambi L, Grimaldi MR, Gossetti F, Negro P. Chronic anemia due to transmural e-PTFE anti-adhesive barrier mesh migration in the small bowel after open incisional hernia repair: A case report. Int J Surg Case Rep 2018; 53:54-7. [PMID: 30384142 DOI: 10.1016/j.ijscr.2018.10.012] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/20/2018] [Revised: 09/20/2018] [Accepted: 10/07/2018] [Indexed: 11/23/2022] Open
Abstract
Mesh related unusual complication. Intraluminal mesh migration. Mesh erosion.
Introduction Meshes are commonly employed in abdominal hernia repair to reduce recurrence rates. Prosthetic repair, however, increases the risk of mesh related complications, including migration into adjacent viscera and erosion which can occur as uncommon and can be difficult to be diagnose. Presentation of case This is a case of transmural migration of composite mesh into the bowel, presenting as chronic abdominal pain and anemia 14 years after incisional hernia repair. Discussion Mesh implantation in hernia repair has increased the incidence of complications, such as seroma, hematoma and infection. Migration into adjacent viscera and erosion may present as complications related to the use of meshes. Their precise frequency after abdominal wall hernia repair is not well known and their late occurrence can make the diagnosis difficult. Conclusion Transmural migration of composite mesh is an uncommon complication of incisional hernia repair. Its pathogenesis is still not completely clear but it has been reported many years after implant surgery. It should be considered in a typical presentation of patients with history of previous prosthetic ventral hernia repair.
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245
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Zhang ZG, Chen Y, Ji R, Zhao YJ, Wang J, Robinson L, Chen XP, Zhang L. Synchronous cancers of gallbladder carcinoma and combined hepatocellular cholangiocarcinoma: an unusual case and literature review. BMC Cancer 2018; 18:1046. [PMID: 30373546 PMCID: PMC6205787 DOI: 10.1186/s12885-018-4969-2] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/10/2018] [Accepted: 10/17/2018] [Indexed: 02/07/2023] Open
Abstract
Background Synchronous primary cancers in gallbladder and liver are rarely reported. Here we report an unusual case of synchronous cancers of gallbladder carcinoma and combined hepatocellular cholangiocarcinoma. Case presentation Several lesions in the gallbladder and in adjacent parenchyma of liver were discovered in a 65-years-old woman by imaging examination. Surgical resection was performed following a diagnosis of primary gallbladder carcinoma with local hepatic metastasis. Histological examination confirmed the diagnosis of primary gallbladder carcinoma, and the lesions in the liver consisted of hepatocellular carcinoma simultaneously with cholangiocarcinoma. Adjuvant chemoradiation therapy was not performed due to the patient’s refusal of the treatment. Unfortunately, the patient died of widespread metastasis 8 months after the operation. Conclusions The disease needed to be differentially diagnosed from gallbladder carcinoma with hepatic metastasis. Aggressive surgical approach should be based on a balance between the risk of surgery (morbidity and mortality) and the outcome.
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Affiliation(s)
- Zhan-Guo Zhang
- Hepatic Surgery Center, Institute of Hepato-Pancreato-Bililary Surgery, Tongji Hospital, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, 430030, People's Republic of China
| | - Yan Chen
- Department of Pediatrics, Union Hospital, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, 430022, Hubei Province, People's Republic of China
| | - Ran Ji
- Hepatic Surgery Center, Tongji Hospital, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, 1095 Jiefang Avenue, Wuhan, 430030, People's Republic of China
| | - Ya-Jie Zhao
- Hepatic Surgery Center, Tongji Hospital, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, 1095 Jiefang Avenue, Wuhan, 430030, People's Republic of China
| | - Jian Wang
- Hepatic Surgery Center, Tongji Hospital, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, 1095 Jiefang Avenue, Wuhan, 430030, People's Republic of China
| | - Lily Robinson
- Department of Pediatrics, Pennsylvania State University College of Medicine, Hershey, PA, 17033, USA
| | - Xiao-Ping Chen
- Hepatic Surgery Center, Department of Surgery, Tongji Hospital, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, 430030, People's Republic of China
| | - Lei Zhang
- Hepatic Surgery Center, Institute of Hepato-Pancreato-Bililary Surgery, Tongji Hospital, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, 430030, People's Republic of China.
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246
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Zhang Y, Xu J, Xu Z, Wang Y, Wu S, Wu L, Song H, Zhou L. Expression of vimentin and Oct-4 in gallbladder adenocarcinoma and their relationship with vasculogenic mimicry and their clinical significance. Int J Clin Exp Pathol 2018; 11:3618-3627. [PMID: 31949742 PMCID: PMC6962874] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/20/2018] [Accepted: 05/28/2018] [Indexed: 06/10/2023]
Abstract
Vimentin (a marker of epithelial-mesenchymal transition), and Oct-4 (a marker of cancer stem cells) are predicative biomarkers for identifying malignant cell invasion and metastasis. Vasculogenic mimicry (VM), a newly discovered tumor characteristic that is common in highly invasive malignancies, is considered to be an important factor in evaluating the prognosis and metastasis of many malignancies. The following paper analyzes the correlation between vimentin, Oct-4, and VM in gallbladder adenocarcinoma (GBAC) specimens using immunohistochemistry in an attempt to elucidate the survival and clinicopathological parameters of changes in vimentin, Oct-4, and VM. Briefly, significantly higher positive expression rates of vimentin, Oct-4, and VM were observed in GBAC tissues than in the corresponding para-carcinoma tissues. In addition, the levels of vimentin, Oct-4, and VM were positively correlated with tumor grade, lymph node metastasis (LNM), infiltration of the surrounding tissues (STI), and tumor-node-metastasis (TNM) stage, as well as inversely with a patient's overall survival (OS) time. Moreover, the analysis of multiple factors shows that high vimentin, Oct-4, and VM levels, STI, and LNM as well as TNM stage were potential and significant factors for OS time in patients with GBAC. To sum up, the positive expression of vimentin, Oct-4, and VM may be undesirable factors for metastasis, invasion and prognosis, as well as effective therapeutic targets for GBAC.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yu Zhang
- Department of Pathology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Bengbu Medical UniversityAnhui Province, China
- Department of Pathology, Bengbu Medical UniversityAnhui Province, China
| | - Jing Xu
- Department of Pathology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Bengbu Medical UniversityAnhui Province, China
- Department of Pathology, Bengbu Medical UniversityAnhui Province, China
| | - Zhouyi Xu
- Department of Pathology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Bengbu Medical UniversityAnhui Province, China
- Department of Pathology, Bengbu Medical UniversityAnhui Province, China
| | - Yichao Wang
- Department of Pathology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Bengbu Medical UniversityAnhui Province, China
- Department of Pathology, Bengbu Medical UniversityAnhui Province, China
| | - Shiwu Wu
- Department of Pathology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Bengbu Medical UniversityAnhui Province, China
- Department of Pathology, Bengbu Medical UniversityAnhui Province, China
| | - Lu Wu
- Department of Pathology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Bengbu Medical UniversityAnhui Province, China
- Department of Pathology, Bengbu Medical UniversityAnhui Province, China
| | - Hong Song
- Department of Pathology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Bengbu Medical UniversityAnhui Province, China
- Department of Pathology, Bengbu Medical UniversityAnhui Province, China
| | - Lei Zhou
- Department of Pathology, Bengbu Medical UniversityAnhui Province, China
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247
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Hussain J, Alrashed AM, Alkhadher T, Wood S, Behbehani AD, Termos S. Gall stone ileus: Unfamiliar cause of bowel obstruction. Case report and literature review. Int J Surg Case Rep 2018; 49:44-50. [PMID: 29960209 PMCID: PMC6039705 DOI: 10.1016/j.ijscr.2018.06.010] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/29/2018] [Accepted: 06/14/2018] [Indexed: 12/13/2022] Open
Abstract
INTRODUCTION Gallstone ileus is a rare sequela of cholelithiasis. The pathology occurs as a result of bilioenteric fistula due to erosion by the offending gallbladder stone. It is most commonly encountered in elderly females and CT imaging is diagnostic in the majority of cases. Surgical intervention aims to promptly relief the obstruction by removing the gallstone and dealing with the fistula. Morbidity and mortality are usually high since it usually occurs in elderly patients. PRESENTATION OF CASE An 88-year-old lady with multiple chronic medical problems and no history of biliary manifestation presented with acute small bowel obstruction. Abdominal CT imaging revealed a bilioenteric fistula and an impacted gallstone in the jejunum causing occlusion. Laparotomy was performed and the stone was removed via enterolithotomy. Manipulation of the cholecystoduodenal fistula was not attempted due to severe inflammatory adhesions. The patient had uneventiful postoperative course and remained symptom free on one year follow-up. DISCUSSION AND CONCLUSION Management of gallstone ileus is mainly surgical. Delay in detection and treatment of gallstone ileus may result in significant morbidity and mortality. The choice of surgical option is influenced by the preoperative medical status of the patient. A literature review generally supports the employment of enterolithotomy in high-risk patients and reserving cholecystectomy and resection of the fistula for less comorbid patients with feasible anatomy.
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Affiliation(s)
| | | | | | - Sarah Wood
- Department of Surgery, Al-Amiri Hospital, Kuwait
| | | | - Salah Termos
- Department of Surgery, Al-Amiri Hospital, Kuwait.
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Alam SK, Astone M, Liu P, Hall SR, Coyle AM, Dankert EN, Hoffman DK, Zhang W, Kuang R, Roden AC, Mansfield AS, Hoeppner LH. DARPP-32 and t-DARPP promote non-small cell lung cancer growth through regulation of IKKα-dependent cell migration. Commun Biol 2018; 1:43. [PMID: 29782621 PMCID: PMC5959014 DOI: 10.1038/s42003-018-0050-6] [Citation(s) in RCA: 20] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/20/2022] Open
Abstract
Lung cancer is the leading cause of cancer-related death worldwide. Here we demonstrate that elevated expression of dopamine and cyclic adenosine monophosphate-regulated phosphoprotein, Mr 32000 (DARPP-32) and its truncated splice variant t-DARPP promote lung tumor growth, while abrogation of DARPP-32 expression in human non-small cell lung cancer (NSCLC) cells reduces tumor growth in orthotopic mouse models. We observe a novel physical interaction between DARPP-32 and inhibitory kappa B kinase-α (IKKα) that promotes NSCLC cell migration through non-canonical nuclear factor kappa-light-chain-enhancer of activated B cells 2 (NF-κB2) signaling. Bioinformatics analysis of 513 lung adenocarcinoma patients reveals elevated t-DARPP isoform expression is associated with poor overall survival. Histopathological investigation of 62 human lung adenocarcinoma tissues also shows that t-DARPP expression is elevated with increasing tumor (T) stage. Our data suggest that DARPP-32 isoforms serve as a negative prognostic marker associated with increasing stages of NSCLC and may represent a novel therapeutic target.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sk Kayum Alam
- The Hormel Institute, University of Minnesota, Austin, MN, 55912, USA
| | - Matteo Astone
- The Hormel Institute, University of Minnesota, Austin, MN, 55912, USA
| | - Ping Liu
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, Mayo Clinic, Rochester, MN, 55905, USA.,Department of Oncology, The Second Xiangya Hospital of Central South University, Changsha, Hunan, China
| | - Stephanie R Hall
- The Hormel Institute, University of Minnesota, Austin, MN, 55912, USA
| | - Abbygail M Coyle
- The Hormel Institute, University of Minnesota, Austin, MN, 55912, USA
| | - Erin N Dankert
- The Hormel Institute, University of Minnesota, Austin, MN, 55912, USA
| | - Dane K Hoffman
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, Mayo Clinic, Rochester, MN, 55905, USA
| | - Wei Zhang
- Department of Computer Science and Engineering, University of Minnesota, Minneapolis, MN, 55455, USA
| | - Rui Kuang
- Department of Computer Science and Engineering, University of Minnesota, Minneapolis, MN, 55455, USA
| | - Anja C Roden
- Department of Laboratory Medicine and Pathology, Mayo Clinic, Rochester, MN, 55905, USA
| | - Aaron S Mansfield
- Department of Oncology, Division of Medical Oncology, Mayo Clinic, Rochester, MN, 55905, USA
| | - Luke H Hoeppner
- The Hormel Institute, University of Minnesota, Austin, MN, 55912, USA.
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Cai Q, Jin L, Wang S, Zhou D, Wang J, Tang Z, Quan Z. Long non-coding RNA UCA1 promotes gallbladder cancer progression by epigenetically repressing p21 and E-cadherin expression. Oncotarget 2018. [PMID: 28624787 PMCID: PMC5564618 DOI: 10.18632/oncotarget.18204] [Citation(s) in RCA: 40] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/17/2023] Open
Abstract
A growing number of studies indicated that long non-coding RNAs (lncRNAs) determine some cellular processes in cancer, such as proliferation, metastasis and differentiation. Urothelial carcinoma associated 1 (UCA1), an lncRNA, had been reported for its overexpression and oncogenic effect on various human cancers. In this study, we found that UCA1 was significantly overexpressed in gallbladder cancer (GBC) and positively correlated with tumor size, lymph node metastasis, TNM stage and short survival time. Moreover, UCA1 promoted GBC cell proliferation and metastasis in vitro and tumor growth in vivo. Mechanically, we identified that UCA1 promoted GBC progression through recruiting enhancer of zeste homolog 2 (EZH2) to the promoter of p21 and E-cadherin, and epigenetically suppressing their transcript.
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Affiliation(s)
- Qiang Cai
- Department of General Surgery, XinHua Hospital, Shanghai JiaoTong University School of Medicine, Shanghai 200092, China
| | - Longyang Jin
- Department of General Surgery, XinHua Hospital, Shanghai JiaoTong University School of Medicine, Shanghai 200092, China
| | - Shouhua Wang
- Department of General Surgery, XinHua Hospital, Shanghai JiaoTong University School of Medicine, Shanghai 200092, China
| | - Di Zhou
- Department of General Surgery, XinHua Hospital, Shanghai JiaoTong University School of Medicine, Shanghai 200092, China
| | - Jiandong Wang
- Department of General Surgery, XinHua Hospital, Shanghai JiaoTong University School of Medicine, Shanghai 200092, China
| | - Zhaohui Tang
- Department of General Surgery, XinHua Hospital, Shanghai JiaoTong University School of Medicine, Shanghai 200092, China
| | - Zhiwei Quan
- Department of General Surgery, XinHua Hospital, Shanghai JiaoTong University School of Medicine, Shanghai 200092, China
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Vadhanan P, Ganesh N, Ahmed MIH. Comparison of Dexamethasone and Buprenorphine as Adjuvant in Ultrasound-guided Brachial Plexus Blocks: A Randomized Controlled Trial. Anesth Essays Res 2018; 12:176-179. [PMID: 29628577 PMCID: PMC5872859 DOI: 10.4103/aer.aer_129_17] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/25/2022] Open
Abstract
Introduction: Effective postoperative analgesia is imperative for orthopedic surgeries to enhance recovery and facilitate early ambulation. Various additives have been used as adjuvants with local anesthetics in peripheral nerve blocks to provide postoperative analgesia. The aim of this study is to compare the duration of postoperative analgesia with buprenorphine and dexamethasone when administered as an adjuvant during ultrasound-guided brachial plexus blocks. Methodology: Sixty adult patients undergoing various upper arm surgeries were recruited for the study after acquiring ethics committee clearance. They were randomized into two groups of thirty; Group B was given ultrasound-guided supraclavicular block with 10 ml 2% lignocaine with adrenaline and 15 ml 0.5% bupivacaine and 4 mg dexamethasone as adjuvant. Group B was given the same amount of local anesthetics with 0.3 mg buprenorphine as the adjuvant. The duration of postoperative analgesia and incidence of adverse events if any were noted. Results: Both groups were comparable in demographics, time for onset of sensory, and motor block. The duration of postoperative analgesia was 17.4 ± 3.4 h in the buprenorphine group and 18 ± 3.49 h in the dexamethasone group. None of the patients had significant adverse effects. A single dose of buprenorphine and dexamethasone administered perineurally can provide significant postoperative analgesia for upper limb surgeries.
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Affiliation(s)
- Prasanna Vadhanan
- Department of Anaesthesiology, Vinayaka Missions Medical College, Karaikal, Puducherry, India
| | - Narendren Ganesh
- Department of Anaesthesiology, Vinayaka Missions Medical College, Karaikal, Puducherry, India
| | - M I Hussain Ahmed
- Department of Anaesthesiology, Vinayaka Missions Medical College, Karaikal, Puducherry, India
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