201
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Sun Z, Wang G, Cai T, Ying H, Han WQ. Sandwich-structured graphite-metallic silicon@C nanocomposites for Li-ion batteries. Electrochim Acta 2016. [DOI: 10.1016/j.electacta.2016.01.067] [Citation(s) in RCA: 20] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/28/2022]
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202
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Zhang H, Shi T, Wetzel DJ, Nuzzo RG, Braun PV. 3D Scaffolded Nickel-Tin Li-Ion Anodes with Enhanced Cyclability. ADVANCED MATERIALS (DEERFIELD BEACH, FLA.) 2016; 28:742-747. [PMID: 26618617 DOI: 10.1002/adma.201504780] [Citation(s) in RCA: 22] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/28/2015] [Revised: 10/17/2015] [Indexed: 06/05/2023]
Abstract
A 3D mechanically stable scaffold is shown to accommodate the volume change of a high-specific-capacity nickel-tin nanocomposite during operation as a Li-ion battery anode. The nickel-tin anode is supported by an electrochemically inactive conductive scaffold with an engineered free volume and controlled characteristic dimensions, which engender the electrode with significantly improved cyclability.
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Affiliation(s)
- Huigang Zhang
- Collaborative Innovation Center of Advanced Microstructures, College of Engineering and Applied Sciences, Nanjing University, Jiangsu, 210093, China
- Department of Materials Science and Engineering and Materials Research Laboratory, University of Illinois at Urbana-Champaign, Urbana, IL, 61801, USA
| | - Tan Shi
- Department of Materials Science and Engineering and Materials Research Laboratory, University of Illinois at Urbana-Champaign, Urbana, IL, 61801, USA
| | - David J Wetzel
- Department of Chemistry and Materials Research Laboratory, University of Illinois at Urbana-Champaign, Urbana, IL, 61801, USA
| | - Ralph G Nuzzo
- Department of Materials Science and Engineering, Department of Chemistry and Materials Research Laboratory, University of Illinois at Urbana-Champaign, Urbana, IL, 61801, USA
| | - Paul V Braun
- Department of Materials Science and Engineering, Department of Chemistry and Materials Research Laboratory, University of Illinois at Urbana-Champaign, Urbana, IL, 61801, USA
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203
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Lin HY, Li CH, Wang DY, Chen CC. Chemical doping of a core-shell silicon nanoparticles@polyaniline nanocomposite for the performance enhancement of a lithium ion battery anode. NANOSCALE 2016; 8:1280-1287. [PMID: 26677004 DOI: 10.1039/c5nr07152f] [Citation(s) in RCA: 32] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/05/2023]
Abstract
New silicon based anodic materials in lithium ion batteries (Si-based LIBs) have been developed worldwide to overcome capacity decay during the lithiation/delithiation process. In this study, a composite of Si nanoparticles coated with 5-sulfoisophthalic acid (SPA) doped polyaniline (core/shell SiNPs@PANi/SPA) was prepared and applied as an anode material for LIB applications. The detailed structure of the core/shell SiNPs@PANi/SPA composite was characterized using high-resolution scanning electron microscopy before and after charging/discharging. The electrochemical measurements showed that the SiNPs@PANi/SPA anode exhibited a high capacity of 925 mA h g(-1) and high coulombic efficiency (99.6%) after long-term cycling (1000 cycles). Overall results indicated that the SPA doped polyaniline served as a conductive matrix to improve electrical contact and to provide an adhesive force in Si-based LIBs. Our approach opens a route for the design of efficient silicon nanocomposites for LIB applications.
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Affiliation(s)
- Heng-Yi Lin
- Department of Chemistry, National Taiwan Normal University, Taipei 11677, Taiwan.
| | - Cheng-Hung Li
- Department of Chemistry, National Taiwan Normal University, Taipei 11677, Taiwan.
| | - Di-Yan Wang
- Department of Chemistry, National Taiwan Normal University, Taipei 11677, Taiwan.
| | - Chia-Chun Chen
- Department of Chemistry, National Taiwan Normal University, Taipei 11677, Taiwan. and Institute of Atomic and Molecular Sciences, Academia Sinica, Taipei 10617, Taiwan
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204
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Liu L, Lyu J, Li T, Zhao T. Well-constructed silicon-based materials as high-performance lithium-ion battery anodes. NANOSCALE 2016; 8:701-722. [PMID: 26666682 DOI: 10.1039/c5nr06278k] [Citation(s) in RCA: 38] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/05/2023]
Abstract
Silicon has been considered as one of the most promising anode material alternates for next-generation lithium-ion batteries, because of its high theoretical capacity, environmental friendliness, high safety, low cost, etc. Nevertheless, silicon-based anode materials (especially bulk silicon) suffer from severe capacity fading resulting from their low intrinsic electrical conductivity and great volume variation during lithiation/delithiation processes. To address this challenge, a few special constructions from nanostructures to anchored, flexible, sandwich, core-shell, porous and even integrated structures, have been well designed and fabricated to effectively improve the cycling performance of silicon-based anodes. In view of the fast development of silicon-based anode materials, we summarize their recent progress in structural design principles, preparation methods, morphological characteristics and electrochemical performance by highlighting the material structure. We also point out the associated problems and challenges faced by these anodes and introduce some feasible strategies to further boost their electrochemical performance. Furthermore, we give a few suggestions relating to the developing trends to better mature their practical applications in next-generation lithium-ion batteries.
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Affiliation(s)
- Lehao Liu
- School of Materials Science and Engineering, Northwestern Polytechnical University, Xi'an 710072, PR China. and Department of Chemical Engineering, University of Michigan, Ann Arbor, Michigan 48109, USA
| | - Jing Lyu
- School of Materials Science and Engineering, Northwestern Polytechnical University, Xi'an 710072, PR China. and Department of Chemical Engineering, University of Michigan, Ann Arbor, Michigan 48109, USA
| | - Tiehu Li
- School of Materials Science and Engineering, Northwestern Polytechnical University, Xi'an 710072, PR China.
| | - Tingkai Zhao
- School of Materials Science and Engineering, Northwestern Polytechnical University, Xi'an 710072, PR China.
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205
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Ashuri M, He Q, Shaw LL. Silicon as a potential anode material for Li-ion batteries: where size, geometry and structure matter. NANOSCALE 2016; 8:74-103. [PMID: 26612324 DOI: 10.1039/c5nr05116a] [Citation(s) in RCA: 195] [Impact Index Per Article: 24.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/05/2023]
Abstract
Silicon has attracted huge attention in the last decade because it has a theoretical capacity ∼10 times that of graphite. However, the practical application of Si is hindered by three major challenges: large volume expansion during cycling (∼300%), low electrical conductivity, and instability of the SEI layer caused by repeated volume changes of the Si material. Significant research efforts have been devoted to addressing these challenges, and significant breakthroughs have been made particularly in the last two years (2014 and 2015). In this review, we have focused on the principles of Si material design, novel synthesis methods to achieve such structural designs, and the synthesis-structure-performance relationships to enhance the properties of Si anodes. To provide a systematic overview of the Si material design strategies, we have grouped the design strategies into several categories: (i) particle-based structures (containing nanoparticles, solid core-shell structures, hollow core-shell structures, and yolk-shell structures), (ii) porous Si designs, (iii) nanowires, nanotubes and nanofibers, (iv) Si-based composites, and (v) unusual designs. Finally, our personal perspectives on outlook are offered with an aim to stimulate further discussion and ideas on the rational design of durable and high performance Si anodes for the next generation Li-ion batteries in the near future.
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Affiliation(s)
- Maziar Ashuri
- Department of Mechanical, Materials and Aerospace Engineering, Illinois Institute of Technology, Chicago, IL, USA. and Wanger Institute for Sustainable Energy Research (WISER), Illinois Institute of Technology, Chicago, IL, USA
| | - Qianran He
- Department of Mechanical, Materials and Aerospace Engineering, Illinois Institute of Technology, Chicago, IL, USA. and Wanger Institute for Sustainable Energy Research (WISER), Illinois Institute of Technology, Chicago, IL, USA
| | - Leon L Shaw
- Department of Mechanical, Materials and Aerospace Engineering, Illinois Institute of Technology, Chicago, IL, USA. and Wanger Institute for Sustainable Energy Research (WISER), Illinois Institute of Technology, Chicago, IL, USA
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206
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Dong X, Lu C, Wang L, Zhou P, Li D, Wang L, Wu G, Li Y. Polyacrylonitrile-based turbostratic graphite-like carbon wrapped silicon nanoparticles: a new-type anode material for lithium ion battery. RSC Adv 2016. [DOI: 10.1039/c5ra25380b] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/21/2022] Open
Abstract
The carbonaceous matrix formed by PAN-based turbostratic graphite-like carbon could give full play to the lithium-intercalation ability of Si nanoparticles.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xiaozhong Dong
- National Engineering Laboratory for Carbon Fiber Technology
- Institute of Coal Chemistry
- Chinese Academy of Sciences
- Taiyuan 030001
- China
| | - Chunxiang Lu
- National Engineering Laboratory for Carbon Fiber Technology
- Institute of Coal Chemistry
- Chinese Academy of Sciences
- Taiyuan 030001
- China
| | - Liyong Wang
- Department of Physics
- Hebei Normal University for Nationalities
- Chengde 067000
- China
| | - Pucha Zhou
- National Engineering Laboratory for Carbon Fiber Technology
- Institute of Coal Chemistry
- Chinese Academy of Sciences
- Taiyuan 030001
- China
| | - Denghua Li
- Shanxi Transportation Research Institute
- Taiyuan 030006
- China
| | - Lu Wang
- National Engineering Laboratory for Carbon Fiber Technology
- Institute of Coal Chemistry
- Chinese Academy of Sciences
- Taiyuan 030001
- China
| | - Gangping Wu
- National Engineering Laboratory for Carbon Fiber Technology
- Institute of Coal Chemistry
- Chinese Academy of Sciences
- Taiyuan 030001
- China
| | - Yonghong Li
- National Engineering Laboratory for Carbon Fiber Technology
- Institute of Coal Chemistry
- Chinese Academy of Sciences
- Taiyuan 030001
- China
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207
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Ren H, Sun J, Yu R, Yang M, Gu L, Liu P, Zhao H, Kisailus D, Wang D. Controllable synthesis of mesostructures from TiO 2 hollow to porous nanospheres with superior rate performance for lithium ion batteries. Chem Sci 2016; 7:793-798. [PMID: 28966771 PMCID: PMC5580042 DOI: 10.1039/c5sc03203b] [Citation(s) in RCA: 134] [Impact Index Per Article: 16.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/27/2015] [Accepted: 10/23/2015] [Indexed: 12/23/2022] Open
Abstract
Uniform TiO2 nanospheres from hollow, core-shell and mesoporous structures have been synthesized using quasi-nano-sized carbonaceous spheres as templates. The TiO2 nanospheres formed after calcination at 400 °C are composed of ∼7 nm nanoparticles and the shells of the hollow TiO2 nanospheres are as thin as a single layer of nanoparticles. The ultrafine nanoparticles endow the hollow and mesoporous TiO2 nanospheres with short lithium ion diffusion paths leading to high discharge specific capacities of 211.9 and 196.0 mA h g-1 at a current rate of 1 C (167.5 mA g-1) after 100 cycles, and especially superior discharge specific capacities of 125.9 and 113.4 mA h g-1 at a high current rate of up to 20 C. The hollow and mesoporous TiO2 nanospheres also show superior cycling stability with long-term discharge capacities of 103.0 and 110.2 mA h g-1, respectively, even after 3000 cycles at a current rate of 20 C.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hao Ren
- Department of Physical Chemistry , School of Metallurgical and Ecological Engineering , University of Science & Technology Beijing , No. 30, Xueyuan Road, Haidian District , Beijing 100083 , P. R. China .
| | - Jiajia Sun
- Department of Physical Chemistry , School of Metallurgical and Ecological Engineering , University of Science & Technology Beijing , No. 30, Xueyuan Road, Haidian District , Beijing 100083 , P. R. China .
| | - Ranbo Yu
- Department of Physical Chemistry , School of Metallurgical and Ecological Engineering , University of Science & Technology Beijing , No. 30, Xueyuan Road, Haidian District , Beijing 100083 , P. R. China .
| | - Mei Yang
- National Key Laboratory of Biochemical Engineering , Institute of Process Engineering , Chinese Academy of Sciences , No. 1, Bei Er Tiao, Zhongguancun , Beijing 100190 , P. R. China
| | - Lin Gu
- Laboratory for Advanced Materials & Electron Microscopy , Beijing National Laboratory for Condensed Matter Physics , Institute of Physics , Chinese Academy of Sciences , Beijing 100190 , P. R. China
| | - Porun Liu
- Centre for Clean Environment and Energy , Gold Coast Campus , Griffith University , Southport , Queensland 4222 , Australia
| | - Huijun Zhao
- Centre for Clean Environment and Energy , Gold Coast Campus , Griffith University , Southport , Queensland 4222 , Australia
| | - David Kisailus
- Department of Chemical and Environmental Engineering , University of California , Riverside , CA 92521 , USA
| | - Dan Wang
- National Key Laboratory of Biochemical Engineering , Institute of Process Engineering , Chinese Academy of Sciences , No. 1, Bei Er Tiao, Zhongguancun , Beijing 100190 , P. R. China
- Centre for Clean Environment and Energy , Gold Coast Campus , Griffith University , Southport , Queensland 4222 , Australia
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208
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Yook SH, Kim SH, Park CH, Kim DW. Graphite–silicon alloy composite anodes employing cross-linked poly(vinyl alcohol) binders for high-energy density lithium-ion batteries. RSC Adv 2016. [DOI: 10.1039/c6ra15839k] [Citation(s) in RCA: 18] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/21/2022] Open
Abstract
Graphite–silicon alloy composite anodes employing cross-linked poly(vinyl alcohol) binders exhibited high discharge capacities and good cycling stabilities.
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Affiliation(s)
- Seung-Hyun Yook
- Department of Chemical Engineering
- Hanyang University
- Seoul 133-791
- Republic of Korea
| | - Sang-Hyung Kim
- Department of Chemical Engineering
- Hanyang University
- Seoul 133-791
- Republic of Korea
| | - Cheol-Ho Park
- Next-G Institute of Technology
- Iljin Electric Co. Ltd
- Republic of Korea
| | - Dong-Won Kim
- Department of Chemical Engineering
- Hanyang University
- Seoul 133-791
- Republic of Korea
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209
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Jiang H, Zhou X, Liu G, Zhou Y, Ye H, Liu Y, Han K. Free-Standing Si/Graphene Paper Using Si Nanoparticles Synthesized by Acid-Etching Al-Si Alloy Powder for High-Stability Li-Ion Battery Anodes. Electrochim Acta 2016. [DOI: 10.1016/j.electacta.2015.12.023] [Citation(s) in RCA: 53] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/22/2022]
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210
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Jung H, Yeo BC, Lee KR, Han SS. Atomistics of the lithiation of oxidized silicon (SiOx) nanowires in reactive molecular dynamics simulations. Phys Chem Chem Phys 2016; 18:32078-32086. [DOI: 10.1039/c6cp06158c] [Citation(s) in RCA: 31] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/21/2022]
Abstract
The atomistic lithiation mechanism of silicon oxides (SiOx) is clarified using the ReaxFF reactive molecular dynamics simulation.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hyun Jung
- Center for Computational Science
- Korea Institute of Science and Technology (KIST)
- Seoul 136-791
- Republic of Korea
- Department of Physics
| | - Byung Chul Yeo
- Center for Computational Science
- Korea Institute of Science and Technology (KIST)
- Seoul 136-791
- Republic of Korea
| | - Kwang-Ryeol Lee
- Center for Computational Science
- Korea Institute of Science and Technology (KIST)
- Seoul 136-791
- Republic of Korea
| | - Sang Soo Han
- Center for Computational Science
- Korea Institute of Science and Technology (KIST)
- Seoul 136-791
- Republic of Korea
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211
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Liu H, Shen Z, Liang S, Liu L, Yi M, Zhang X, Ma S. One-step in situ preparation of liquid-exfoliated pristine graphene/Si composites: towards practical anodes for commercial lithium-ion batteries. NEW J CHEM 2016. [DOI: 10.1039/c6nj01234e] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/21/2022]
Abstract
The exfoliation of graphite flakes into graphene sheets and the insertion of Si nanoparticles and surfactants into them occur simultaneously.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hong Liu
- School of Materials Science and Engineering
- Beihang University
- Beijing
- China
| | - Zhigang Shen
- School of Materials Science and Engineering
- Beihang University
- Beijing
- China
- Beijing Key Laboratory for Powder Technology Research & Development
| | - Shuaishuai Liang
- State Key Laboratory of Tribology
- Tsinghua University
- Beijing
- China
| | - Lei Liu
- Beijing Key Laboratory for Powder Technology Research & Development
- Beihang University
- Beijing
- China
| | - Min Yi
- Institute of Materials Science
- Technische Universität Darmstadt
- Darmstadt 64287
- Germany
| | - Xiaojing Zhang
- Beijing Key Laboratory for Powder Technology Research & Development
- Beihang University
- Beijing
- China
| | - Shulin Ma
- Beijing Key Laboratory for Powder Technology Research & Development
- Beihang University
- Beijing
- China
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212
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Wang H, Xie J, Follette M, Back TC, Amama PB. Magnetic field-induced fabrication of Fe3O4/graphene nanocomposites for enhanced electrode performance in lithium-ion batteries. RSC Adv 2016. [DOI: 10.1039/c6ra17805g] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/21/2022] Open
Abstract
We report a novel magnetic field-induced approach for the fabrication of nanoporous and wrinkled Fe3O4/reduced graphene oxide (RGO) anode materials for lithium ion batteries (LIBs).
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Affiliation(s)
- Huan Wang
- Department of Chemical Engineering
- Kansas State University
- Manhattan
- USA
| | - Jingyi Xie
- Department of Chemical Engineering
- Kansas State University
- Manhattan
- USA
| | - Marissa Follette
- Department of Chemical Engineering
- Kansas State University
- Manhattan
- USA
| | - Tyson C. Back
- Materials and Manufacturing Directorate
- Air Force Research Laboratory
- Wright-Patterson Air Force Base
- USA
| | - Placidus B. Amama
- Department of Chemical Engineering
- Kansas State University
- Manhattan
- USA
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213
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Kannan AG, Kim SH, Yang HS, Kim DW. Silicon nanoparticles grown on a reduced graphene oxide surface as high-performance anode materials for lithium-ion batteries. RSC Adv 2016. [DOI: 10.1039/c5ra27877e] [Citation(s) in RCA: 20] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/21/2022] Open
Abstract
Silicon nanoparticles covalently attached on reduced graphene oxide exhibited good electrochemical performance as an anode in lithium-ion cells.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Sang Hyung Kim
- Department of Chemical Engineering
- Hanyang University
- Seoul 133-791
- Republic of Korea
| | - Hwi Soo Yang
- Department of Chemical Engineering
- Hanyang University
- Seoul 133-791
- Republic of Korea
| | - Dong-Won Kim
- Department of Chemical Engineering
- Hanyang University
- Seoul 133-791
- Republic of Korea
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214
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Ray SC, Soin N, Pong WF, Roy SS, Strydom AM, McLaughlin JA, Papakonstantinou P. Plasma modification of the electronic and magnetic properties of vertically aligned bi-/tri-layered graphene nanoflakes. RSC Adv 2016. [DOI: 10.1039/c6ra14457h] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/21/2022] Open
Abstract
Saturation magnetization of vertically aligned bi/tri-layers is further enhanced by hydrogen, nitrogen plasma modification while organo-silane treatment reduces magnetization.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sekhar C. Ray
- Department of Physics
- College of Science
- Engineering and Technology
- University of South Africa
- Johannesburg
| | - Navneet Soin
- Institute for Materials Research and Innovation (IMRI)
- University of Bolton
- Bolton
- UK
- Nanotechnology and Integrated Bioengineering Center (NIBEC)
| | | | - Susanta S. Roy
- Department of Physics
- School of Natural Sciences
- Shiv Nadar University
- India
| | - André M. Strydom
- Highly Correlated Matter Research Group
- Department of Physics
- University of Johannesburg
- Auckland Park 2006
- South Africa
| | - James A. McLaughlin
- Nanotechnology and Integrated Bioengineering Center (NIBEC)
- School of Engineering
- University of Ulster
- Newtownabbey
- UK
| | - Pagona Papakonstantinou
- Nanotechnology and Integrated Bioengineering Center (NIBEC)
- School of Engineering
- University of Ulster
- Newtownabbey
- UK
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215
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Han Y, Lin N, Qian Y, Zhou J, Tian J, Zhu Y, Qian Y. A scalable synthesis of N-doped Si nanoparticles for high-performance Li-ion batteries. Chem Commun (Camb) 2016; 52:3813-6. [DOI: 10.1039/c6cc00253f] [Citation(s) in RCA: 22] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/25/2022]
Abstract
N-doped Si nanoparticles were prepared synchronously using a nitridation process of Mg2Si, which exhibited excellent electrochemical performance for lithium ion batteries.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ying Han
- Hefei National Laboratory for Physical Science at Micro-scale
- Department of Chemistry
- University of Science and Technology of China
- Hefei
- P. R. China
| | - Ning Lin
- Hefei National Laboratory for Physical Science at Micro-scale
- Department of Chemistry
- University of Science and Technology of China
- Hefei
- P. R. China
| | - Yuying Qian
- Hefei National Laboratory for Physical Science at Micro-scale
- Department of Chemistry
- University of Science and Technology of China
- Hefei
- P. R. China
| | - Jianbin Zhou
- Hefei National Laboratory for Physical Science at Micro-scale
- Department of Chemistry
- University of Science and Technology of China
- Hefei
- P. R. China
| | - Jie Tian
- Hefei National Laboratory for Physical Science at Micro-scale
- Department of Chemistry
- University of Science and Technology of China
- Hefei
- P. R. China
| | - Yongchun Zhu
- Hefei National Laboratory for Physical Science at Micro-scale
- Department of Chemistry
- University of Science and Technology of China
- Hefei
- P. R. China
| | - Yitai Qian
- Hefei National Laboratory for Physical Science at Micro-scale
- Department of Chemistry
- University of Science and Technology of China
- Hefei
- P. R. China
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216
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Zhou ZW, Liu YT, Xie XM, Ye XY. Aluminothermic reduction enabled synthesis of silicon hollow microspheres from commercialized silica nanoparticles for superior lithium storage. Chem Commun (Camb) 2016; 52:8401-4. [DOI: 10.1039/c6cc03766f] [Citation(s) in RCA: 42] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/21/2022]
Abstract
We report the aluminothermic reduction enabled synthesis of silicon hollow microspheres from commercialized silica nanoparticles by controlled transformation and organization, which exhibit optimized electrochemical performances.
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Affiliation(s)
- Zheng-Wei Zhou
- Key Laboratory of Advanced Materials (MOE)
- Department of Chemical Engineering
- Tsinghua University
- Beijing 100084
- China
| | - Yi-Tao Liu
- Key Laboratory of Advanced Materials (MOE)
- Department of Chemical Engineering
- Tsinghua University
- Beijing 100084
- China
| | - Xu-Ming Xie
- Key Laboratory of Advanced Materials (MOE)
- Department of Chemical Engineering
- Tsinghua University
- Beijing 100084
- China
| | - Xiong-Ying Ye
- State Key Laboratory of Precision Measurement Technology and Instruments
- Department of Precision Instrument
- Tsinghua University
- Beijing 100084
- China
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217
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Zhou J, Jiang Z, Cai W, Liu X, Zhu Y, Lan Y, Ma K, Qian Y. Solvothermal synthesis of a silicon hierarchical structure composed of 20 nm Si nanoparticles coated with carbon for high performance Li-ion battery anodes. Dalton Trans 2016; 45:13667-70. [DOI: 10.1039/c6dt02551j] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/21/2022]
Abstract
A solvothermal synthesized silicon hierarchical structure shows a high electrochemical performance for Li-ion battery anodes after coating with a carbon layer.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jianbin Zhou
- Hefei National Laboratory for Physical Science at Microscale
- University of Science and Technology of China
- Hefei
- P. R. China
| | - Zhuoheng Jiang
- Hefei National Laboratory for Physical Science at Microscale
- University of Science and Technology of China
- Hefei
- P. R. China
| | - Wenlong Cai
- Hefei National Laboratory for Physical Science at Microscale
- University of Science and Technology of China
- Hefei
- P. R. China
| | - Xianyu Liu
- Hefei National Laboratory for Physical Science at Microscale
- University of Science and Technology of China
- Hefei
- P. R. China
| | - Yongchun Zhu
- Hefei National Laboratory for Physical Science at Microscale
- University of Science and Technology of China
- Hefei
- P. R. China
| | - Yang Lan
- Hefei National Laboratory for Physical Science at Microscale
- University of Science and Technology of China
- Hefei
- P. R. China
| | - Kai Ma
- Hefei National Laboratory for Physical Science at Microscale
- University of Science and Technology of China
- Hefei
- P. R. China
| | - Yitai Qian
- Hefei National Laboratory for Physical Science at Microscale
- University of Science and Technology of China
- Hefei
- P. R. China
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218
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Sun Z, Xin F, Cao C, Zhao C, Shen C, Han WQ. Hollow silica-copper-carbon anodes using copper metal-organic frameworks as skeletons. NANOSCALE 2015; 7:20426-34. [PMID: 26489524 DOI: 10.1039/c5nr04416b] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/08/2023]
Abstract
Hollow silica-copper-carbon (H-SCC) nanocomposites are first synthesized using copper metal-organic frameworks as skeletons to form Cu-MOF@SiO(2) and then subjected to heat treatment. In the composites, the hollow structure and the void space from the collapse of the MOF skeleton can accommodate the huge volume change, buffer the mechanical stress caused by lithium ion insertion/extraction and maintain the structural integrity of the electrode and a long cycling stability. The ultrafine copper with a uniform size of around 5 nm and carbon with homogeneous distribution from the decomposition of the MOF skeleton can not only enhance the electrical conductivity of the composite and preserve the structural and interfacial stabilization, but also suppress the aggregation of silica nanoparticles and cushion the volume change. In consequence, the resulting material as an anode for lithium-ion batteries (LIBs) delivers a reversible capacity of 495 mA h g(-1) after 400 cycles at a current density of 500 mA g(-1). The synthetic method presented in this paper provides a facile and low-cost strategy for the large-scale production of hollow silica/copper/carbon nanocomposites as an anode in LIBs.
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Affiliation(s)
- Zixu Sun
- Ningbo Institute of Materials Technology & Engineering, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Ningbo 315201, P. R. China.
| | - Fengxia Xin
- Ningbo Institute of Materials Technology & Engineering, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Ningbo 315201, P. R. China.
| | - Can Cao
- Department of Materials Science and Engineering, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou 310027, P. R. China
| | - Chongchong Zhao
- Ningbo Institute of Materials Technology & Engineering, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Ningbo 315201, P. R. China.
| | - Cai Shen
- Ningbo Institute of Materials Technology & Engineering, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Ningbo 315201, P. R. China.
| | - Wei-Qiang Han
- Ningbo Institute of Materials Technology & Engineering, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Ningbo 315201, P. R. China. and Department of Materials Science and Engineering, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou 310027, P. R. China
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219
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Song T, Choi J, Paik U. Freestanding rGO-SWNT-STN Composite Film as an Anode for Li Ion Batteries with High Energy and Power Densities. NANOMATERIALS 2015; 5:2380-2390. [PMID: 28347127 PMCID: PMC5304776 DOI: 10.3390/nano5042380] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/13/2015] [Revised: 11/27/2015] [Accepted: 12/02/2015] [Indexed: 11/24/2022]
Abstract
Freestanding Si-Ti-Ni alloy particles/reduced graphene oxide/single wall carbon nanotube composites have been prepared as an anode for lithium ion batteries via a simple filtration method. This composite electrode showed a 9% increase in reversible capacity, a two-fold higher cycle retention at 50 cycles and a two-fold higher rate capability at 2 C compared to pristine Si-Ti-Ni (STN) alloy electrodes. These improvements were attributed to the suppression of the pulverization of the STN active material by the excellent mechanical properties of the reduced graphene oxide-single wall carbon nanotube networks and the enhanced kinetics associated with both electron and Li ion transport.
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Affiliation(s)
- Taeseup Song
- School of Materials Science and Engineering, Yeungnam University, Gyeongsan 712-749, Korea.
| | - Junghyun Choi
- Department of Energy Engineering, Hanyang University, Seoul 133-791, Korea.
| | - Ungyu Paik
- Department of Energy Engineering, Hanyang University, Seoul 133-791, Korea.
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220
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Cho D, Kim M, Hwang J, Park JH, Joo YL, Jeong Y. Facile Synthesis of Porous Silicon Nanofibers by Magnesium Reduction for Application in Lithium Ion Batteries. NANOSCALE RESEARCH LETTERS 2015; 10:424. [PMID: 26510445 PMCID: PMC4624685 DOI: 10.1186/s11671-015-1132-8] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/11/2015] [Accepted: 10/19/2015] [Indexed: 05/26/2023]
Abstract
We report a facile fabrication of porous silicon nanofibers by a simple three-stage procedure. Polymer/silicon precursor composite nanofibers are first fabricated by electrospinning, a water-based spinning dope, which undergoes subsequent heat treatment and then reduction using magnesium to be converted into porous silicon nanofibers. The porous silicon nanofibers are coated with a graphene by using a plasma-enhanced chemical vapor deposition for use as an anode material of lithium ion batteries. The porous silicon nanofibers can be mass-produced by a simple and solvent-free method, which uses an environmental-friendly polymer solution. The graphene-coated silicon nanofibers show an improved cycling performance of a capacity retention than the pure silicon nanofibers due to the suppression of the volume change and the increase of electric conductivity by the graphene.
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Affiliation(s)
- Daehwan Cho
- School of Chemical and Biomolecular Engineering, Cornell University, Ithaca, NY, 14853, USA
| | - Moonkyoung Kim
- School of Electrical and Computer Engineering, Cornell University, Ithaca, NY, 14853, USA
| | - Jeonghyun Hwang
- School of Electrical and Computer Engineering, Cornell University, Ithaca, NY, 14853, USA
| | - Jay Hoon Park
- Department of Chemical Engineering, Massachusetts Institute of Technology, Cambridge, MA, 02139, USA
| | - Yong Lak Joo
- School of Chemical and Biomolecular Engineering, Cornell University, Ithaca, NY, 14853, USA
| | - Youngjin Jeong
- Department of Organic Materials and Fiber Engineering, Soongsil University, Seoul, 156-743, Korea.
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221
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Dasog M, Kehrle J, Rieger B, Veinot JGC. Silicon Nanocrystals and Silicon-Polymer Hybrids: Synthesis, Surface Engineering, and Applications. Angew Chem Int Ed Engl 2015; 55:2322-39. [DOI: 10.1002/anie.201506065] [Citation(s) in RCA: 195] [Impact Index Per Article: 21.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/02/2015] [Revised: 09/18/2015] [Indexed: 12/16/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Mita Dasog
- Division of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering; California Institute of Technology; 1200 East California Boulevard Pasadena CA 91125 USA
| | - Julian Kehrle
- WACKER-Lehrstuhl für Makromolekulare Chemie; Technische Universität München; Lichtenbergstrasse 4 85747 Garching Germany
| | - Bernhard Rieger
- WACKER-Lehrstuhl für Makromolekulare Chemie; Technische Universität München; Lichtenbergstrasse 4 85747 Garching Germany
| | - Jonathan G. C. Veinot
- Department of Chemistry; University of Alberta; 11227 Saskatchewan Drive Edmonton Alberta T6G 2G2 Canada
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222
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Dasog M, Kehrle J, Rieger B, Veinot JGC. Silicium-Nanokristalle und Silicium-Polymer-Hybridmaterialien: Synthese, Oberflächenmodifikation und Anwendungen. Angew Chem Int Ed Engl 2015. [DOI: 10.1002/ange.201506065] [Citation(s) in RCA: 19] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/27/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Mita Dasog
- Division of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering; California Institute of Technology; 1200 East California Boulevard Pasadena CA 91125 USA
| | - Julian Kehrle
- WACKER-Lehrstuhl für Makromolekulare Chemie; Technische Universität München; Lichtenbergstraße 4 85747 Garching Deutschland
| | - Bernhard Rieger
- WACKER-Lehrstuhl für Makromolekulare Chemie; Technische Universität München; Lichtenbergstraße 4 85747 Garching Deutschland
| | - Jonathan G. C. Veinot
- Department of Chemistry; University of Alberta; 11227 Saskatchewan Drive Edmonton Alberta T6G 2G2 Kanada
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223
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Douglas A, Carter R, Oakes L, Share K, Cohn AP, Pint CL. Ultrafine Iron Pyrite (FeS₂) Nanocrystals Improve Sodium-Sulfur and Lithium-Sulfur Conversion Reactions for Efficient Batteries. ACS NANO 2015; 9:11156-65. [PMID: 26529682 DOI: 10.1021/acsnano.5b04700] [Citation(s) in RCA: 108] [Impact Index Per Article: 12.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/04/2023]
Abstract
Nanocrystals with quantum-confined length scales are often considered impractical for metal-ion battery electrodes due to the dominance of solid-electrolyte interphase (SEI) layer effects on the measured storage properties. Here we demonstrate that ultrafine sizes (∼4.5 nm, average) of iron pyrite, or FeS2, nanoparticles are advantageous to sustain reversible conversion reactions in sodium ion and lithium ion batteries. This is attributed to a nanoparticle size comparable to or smaller than the diffusion length of Fe during cation exchange, yielding thermodynamically reversible nanodomains of converted Fe metal and NaxS or LixS conversion products. This is compared to bulk-like electrode materials, where kinetic and thermodynamic limitations of surface-nucleated conversion products inhibit successive conversion cycles. Reversible capacities over 500 and 600 mAh/g for sodium and lithium storage are observed for ultrafine nanoparticles, with improved cycling and rate capability. Unlike alloying or intercalation processes, where SEI effects limit the performance of ultrafine nanoparticles, our work highlights the benefit of quantum dot length-scale nanocrystal electrodes for nanoscale metal sulfide compounds that store energy through chemical conversion reactions.
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Affiliation(s)
| | | | | | | | | | - Cary L Pint
- Vanderbilt Institute of Nanoscale Science and Engineering , Nashville, Tennessee 37235, United States
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224
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Ha DH, Ly T, Caron JM, Zhang H, Fritz KE, Robinson RD. A General Method for High-Performance Li-Ion Battery Electrodes from Colloidal Nanoparticles without the Introduction of Binders or Conductive-Carbon Additives: The Cases of MnS, Cu(2-x)S, and Ge. ACS APPLIED MATERIALS & INTERFACES 2015; 7:25053-60. [PMID: 26535449 DOI: 10.1021/acsami.5b03398] [Citation(s) in RCA: 19] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/11/2023]
Abstract
In this work, we demonstrate a general lithium-ion battery electrode fabrication method for colloidal nanoparticles (NPs) using electrophoretic deposition (EPD). Our process is capable of forming robust electrodes from copper sulfide, manganese sulfide, and germanium NPs without the use of additives such as polymeric binders and conductive agents. After EPD, we show two postprocessing treatments ((NH4)2S and inert atmosphere heating) to effectively remove surfactant ligands and create a linked network of particles. The NP films fabricated by this simple process exhibit excellent electrochemical performance as lithium-ion battery electrodes. Additive-free Cu(2-x)S and MnS NP films show well-defined plateaus at ∼1.7 V, demonstrating potential for use as cathode electrodes. Because of the absence of additives in the NP film, this additive-free NP film is an ideal template for ex situ analyses of the particles to track particle morphology changes and deterioration as a result of Li ion cycling. To this end, we perform a size-dependent investigation of Cu(2-x)S NPs and demonstrate that there is no significant relationship between size and capacity when comparing small (3.8 nm), medium (22 nm), and large (75 nm) diameter Cu(2-x)S NPs up to 50 cycles; however, the 75 nm NPs show higher Coulombic efficiency. Ex situ TEM analysis suggests that Cu(2-x)S NPs eventually break into smaller particles (<10 nm), explaining a weak correlation between size and performance. We also report for the first time on additive-free Ge NP films, which show stable capacities for up to 50 cycles at 750 mAh/g.
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Affiliation(s)
- Don-Hyung Ha
- Department of Materials Science and Engineering, Cornell University , Ithaca, New York 14853, United States
| | - Tiffany Ly
- Department of Materials Science and Engineering, Cornell University , Ithaca, New York 14853, United States
| | - Joseph M Caron
- Department of Materials Science and Engineering, Cornell University , Ithaca, New York 14853, United States
| | - Haitao Zhang
- Department of Materials Science and Engineering, Cornell University , Ithaca, New York 14853, United States
| | - Kevin E Fritz
- Department of Materials Science and Engineering, Cornell University , Ithaca, New York 14853, United States
| | - Richard D Robinson
- Department of Materials Science and Engineering, Cornell University , Ithaca, New York 14853, United States
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225
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Ko M, Chae S, Cho J. Challenges in Accommodating Volume Change of Si Anodes for Li-Ion Batteries. ChemElectroChem 2015; 2:1645-1651. [PMID: 27525208 PMCID: PMC4964884 DOI: 10.1002/celc.201500254] [Citation(s) in RCA: 74] [Impact Index Per Article: 8.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/15/2015] [Indexed: 11/11/2022]
Abstract
Si has been considered as a promising alternative anode for next-generation Li-ion batteries (LIBs) because of its high theoretical energy density, relatively low working potential, and abundance in nature. However, Si anodes exhibit rapid capacity decay and an increase in the internal resistance, which are caused by the large volume changes upon Li insertion and extraction. This unfortunately limits their practical applications. Therefore, managing the total volume change remains a critical challenge for effectively alleviating the mechanical fractures and instability of solid-electrolyte-interphase products. In this regard, we review the recent progress in volume-change-accommodating Si electrodes and investigate their ingenious structures with significant improvements in the battery performance, including size-controlled materials, patterned thin films, porous structures, shape-preserving shell designs, and graphene composites. These representative approaches potentially overcome the large morphologic changes in the volume of Si anodes by securing the strain relaxation and structural integrity in the entire electrode. Finally, we propose perspectives and future challenges to realize the practical application of Si anodes in LIB systems.
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Affiliation(s)
- Minseong Ko
- Department of Energy Engineering and School of Energy and Chemical Engineering, Ulsan National Institute of Science and Technology (UNIST) 689-798, Ulsan (South Korea) E-mail:
| | - Sujong Chae
- Department of Energy Engineering and School of Energy and Chemical Engineering, Ulsan National Institute of Science and Technology (UNIST) 689-798, Ulsan (South Korea) E-mail:
| | - Jaephil Cho
- Department of Energy Engineering and School of Energy and Chemical Engineering, Ulsan National Institute of Science and Technology (UNIST) 689-798, Ulsan (South Korea) E-mail:
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226
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Kang DY, Kim C, Gueon D, Park G, Kim JS, Lee JK, Moon JH. 3D Woven-Like Carbon Micropattern Decorated with Silicon Nanoparticles for Use in Lithium-Ion Batteries. CHEMSUSCHEM 2015; 8:3414-3418. [PMID: 26383881 DOI: 10.1002/cssc.201501041] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/31/2015] [Indexed: 06/05/2023]
Abstract
Carbon/silicon composite materials are a promising anode substrate for use in lithium-ion batteries. In this study, we suggest a new architecture for a composite electrode made of a woven-like carbon material decorated with silicon nanoparticles. The 3D woven-like carbon (WLC) structure was fabricated using direct carbonization of multi-beam interference lithography polymer patterns. Subsequent solution coating was applied to decorate the WLC with silicon nanoparticles (SiNPs). The SiNP/WLC electrode exhibited a specific capacity of 930 mAh g(-1) , which is three times higher than the specific capacity of the bare electrode. Specifically, the SiNP/WLC electrode exhibited an outstanding retention capacity of 81 % after 50 cycles and a Coulombic efficiency of more than 98 %. This rate capability performance was attributed to the WLC structure and the uniform decoration of the SiNPs.
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Affiliation(s)
- Da-Young Kang
- Department of Chemical and Biomolecular Engineering, Sogang University, 1 Sinsu-dong Mapo-gu, Seoul, 121-742, Republic of Korea
| | - Cheolho Kim
- Department of Chemical and Biomolecular Engineering, Sogang University, 1 Sinsu-dong Mapo-gu, Seoul, 121-742, Republic of Korea
| | - Donghee Gueon
- Department of Chemical and Biomolecular Engineering, Sogang University, 1 Sinsu-dong Mapo-gu, Seoul, 121-742, Republic of Korea
| | - Gyulim Park
- Department of Chemical and Biomolecular Engineering, Sogang University, 1 Sinsu-dong Mapo-gu, Seoul, 121-742, Republic of Korea
| | - Jung Sub Kim
- Center for Energy Convergence, Korea Institute of Science and Technology, 5 Hwarangno 14-gil, Seongbuk-gu, Seoul, 136-791, Republic of Korea
| | - Joong Kee Lee
- Center for Energy Convergence, Korea Institute of Science and Technology, 5 Hwarangno 14-gil, Seongbuk-gu, Seoul, 136-791, Republic of Korea
| | - Jun Hyuk Moon
- Department of Chemical and Biomolecular Engineering, Sogang University, 1 Sinsu-dong Mapo-gu, Seoul, 121-742, Republic of Korea.
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227
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Nanopurification of silicon from 84% to 99.999% purity with a simple and scalable process. Proc Natl Acad Sci U S A 2015; 112:13473-7. [PMID: 26483490 DOI: 10.1073/pnas.1513012112] [Citation(s) in RCA: 49] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/18/2022] Open
Abstract
Silicon, with its great abundance and mature infrastructure, is a foundational material for a range of applications, such as electronics, sensors, solar cells, batteries, and thermoelectrics. These applications rely on the purification of Si to different levels. Recently, it has been shown that nanosized silicon can offer additional advantages, such as enhanced mechanical properties, significant absorption enhancement, and reduced thermal conductivity. However, current processes to produce and purify Si are complex, expensive, and energy-intensive. Here, we show a nanopurification process, which involves only simple and scalable ball milling and acid etching, to increase Si purity drastically [up to 99.999% (wt %)] directly from low-grade and low-cost ferrosilicon [84% (wt %) Si; ∼$1/kg]. It is found that the impurity-rich regions are mechanically weak as breaking points during ball milling and thus, exposed on the surface, and they can be conveniently and effectively removed by chemical etching. We discovered that the purity goes up with the size of Si particles going down, resulting in high purity at the sub-100-nm scale. The produced Si nanoparticles with high purity and small size exhibit high performance as Li ion battery anodes, with high reversible capacity (1,755 mAh g(-1)) and long cycle life (73% capacity retention over 500 cycles). This nanopurification process provides a complimentary route to produce Si, with finely controlled size and purity, in a diverse set of applications.
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228
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Xia F, Kwon S, Lee WW, Liu Z, Kim S, Song T, Choi KJ, Paik U, Park WI. Graphene as an Interfacial Layer for Improving Cycling Performance of Si Nanowires in Lithium-Ion Batteries. NANO LETTERS 2015; 15:6658-6664. [PMID: 26359631 DOI: 10.1021/acs.nanolett.5b02482] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/05/2023]
Abstract
Managing interfacial instability is crucial for enhancing cyclability in lithium-ion batteries (LIBs), yet little attention has been devoted to this issue until recently. Here, we introduce graphene as an interfacial layer between the current collector and the anode composed of Si nanowires (SiNWs) to improve the cycling capability of LIBs. The atomically thin graphene lessened the stress accumulated by volumetric mismatch and inhibited interfacial reactions that would accelerate the fatigue of Si anodes. By simply incorporating graphene at the interface, we demonstrated significantly enhanced cycling stability for SiNW-based LIB anodes, with retentions of more than 2400 mAh/g specific charge capacity over 200 cycles, 2.7 times that of SiNWs on a bare current collector.
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Affiliation(s)
| | | | | | | | | | - Taeseup Song
- School of Materials Science and Engineering, Yeungnam University , Gyeongsan 712-749, Korea
| | - Kyoung Jin Choi
- School of Materials Science and Engineering, Ulsan National Institute of Science & Technology (UNIST) , Ulsan 689-798, Korea
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229
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Yang Z, Gonzalez CM, Purkait TK, Iqbal M, Meldrum A, Veinot JGC. Radical Initiated Hydrosilylation on Silicon Nanocrystal Surfaces: An Evaluation of Functional Group Tolerance and Mechanistic Study. LANGMUIR : THE ACS JOURNAL OF SURFACES AND COLLOIDS 2015; 31:10540-10548. [PMID: 26351966 DOI: 10.1021/acs.langmuir.5b02307] [Citation(s) in RCA: 31] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/05/2023]
Abstract
Hydrosilylation is among the most common methods used for modifying silicon surface chemistry. It provides a wide range of surface functionalities and effective passivation of surface sites. Herein, we report a systematic study of radical initiated hydrosilylation of silicon nanocrystal (SiNC) surfaces using two common radical initiators (i.e., 2,2'-azobis(2-methylpropionitrile) and benzoyl peroxide). Compared to other widely applied hydrosilylation methods (e.g., thermal, photochemical, and catalytic), the radical initiator based approach is particle size independent, requires comparatively low reaction temperatures, and yields monolayer surface passivation after short reaction times. The effects of differing functional groups (i.e., alkene, alkyne, carboxylic acid, and ester) on the radical initiated hydrosilylation are also explored. The results indicate functionalization occurs and results in the formation of monolayer passivated surfaces.
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Affiliation(s)
- Zhenyu Yang
- Department of Chemistry and ‡Department of Physics, University of Alberta , Edmonton, Alberta T6G 2G2, Canada
| | - Christina M Gonzalez
- Department of Chemistry and ‡Department of Physics, University of Alberta , Edmonton, Alberta T6G 2G2, Canada
| | - Tapas K Purkait
- Department of Chemistry and ‡Department of Physics, University of Alberta , Edmonton, Alberta T6G 2G2, Canada
| | - Muhammad Iqbal
- Department of Chemistry and ‡Department of Physics, University of Alberta , Edmonton, Alberta T6G 2G2, Canada
| | - Al Meldrum
- Department of Chemistry and ‡Department of Physics, University of Alberta , Edmonton, Alberta T6G 2G2, Canada
| | - Jonathan G C Veinot
- Department of Chemistry and ‡Department of Physics, University of Alberta , Edmonton, Alberta T6G 2G2, Canada
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230
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Zhu B, Jin Y, Tan Y, Zong L, Hu Y, Chen L, Chen Y, Zhang Q, Zhu J. Scalable Production of Si Nanoparticles Directly from Low Grade Sources for Lithium-Ion Battery Anode. NANO LETTERS 2015; 15:5750-5754. [PMID: 26258439 DOI: 10.1021/acs.nanolett.5b01698] [Citation(s) in RCA: 21] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/04/2023]
Abstract
Silicon, one of the most promising candidates as lithium-ion battery anode, has attracted much attention due to its high theoretical capacity, abundant existence, and mature infrastructure. Recently, Si nanostructures-based lithium-ion battery anode, with sophisticated structure designs and process development, has made significant progress. However, low cost and scalable processes to produce these Si nanostructures remained as a challenge, which limits the widespread applications. Herein, we demonstrate that Si nanoparticles with controlled size can be massively produced directly from low grade Si sources through a scalable high energy mechanical milling process. In addition, we systematically studied Si nanoparticles produced from two major low grade Si sources, metallurgical silicon (∼99 wt % Si, $1/kg) and ferrosilicon (∼83 wt % Si, $0.6/kg). It is found that nanoparticles produced from ferrosilicon sources contain FeSi2, which can serve as a buffer layer to alleviate the mechanical fractures of volume expansion, whereas nanoparticles from metallurgical Si sources have higher capacity and better kinetic properties because of higher purity and better electronic transport properties. Ferrosilicon nanoparticles and metallurgical Si nanoparticles demonstrate over 100 stable deep cycling after carbon coating with the reversible capacities of 1360 mAh g(-1) and 1205 mAh g(-1), respectively. Therefore, our approach provides a new strategy for cost-effective, energy-efficient, large scale synthesis of functional Si electrode materials.
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Affiliation(s)
- Bin Zhu
- National Laboratory of Solid State Microstructures, College of Engineering and Applied Sciences, and Collaborative Innovation Center of Advanced Microstructures, Nanjing University , Nanjing 210093, China
| | - Yan Jin
- National Laboratory of Solid State Microstructures, College of Engineering and Applied Sciences, and Collaborative Innovation Center of Advanced Microstructures, Nanjing University , Nanjing 210093, China
| | - Yingling Tan
- National Laboratory of Solid State Microstructures, College of Engineering and Applied Sciences, and Collaborative Innovation Center of Advanced Microstructures, Nanjing University , Nanjing 210093, China
| | - Linqi Zong
- National Laboratory of Solid State Microstructures, College of Engineering and Applied Sciences, and Collaborative Innovation Center of Advanced Microstructures, Nanjing University , Nanjing 210093, China
| | - Yue Hu
- National Laboratory of Solid State Microstructures, College of Engineering and Applied Sciences, and Collaborative Innovation Center of Advanced Microstructures, Nanjing University , Nanjing 210093, China
| | - Lei Chen
- Institute of Functional Nano and Soft Materials (FUNSOM), Soochow University , Suzhou 215123, China
| | - Yanbin Chen
- School of Physics, Nanjing University , Nanjing 210093, China
| | - Qiao Zhang
- Institute of Functional Nano and Soft Materials (FUNSOM), Soochow University , Suzhou 215123, China
| | - Jia Zhu
- National Laboratory of Solid State Microstructures, College of Engineering and Applied Sciences, and Collaborative Innovation Center of Advanced Microstructures, Nanjing University , Nanjing 210093, China
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231
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Wang L, Gao B, Peng C, Peng X, Fu J, Chu PK, Huo K. Bamboo leaf derived ultrafine Si nanoparticles and Si/C nanocomposites for high-performance Li-ion battery anodes. NANOSCALE 2015; 7:13840-13847. [PMID: 26098990 DOI: 10.1039/c5nr02578h] [Citation(s) in RCA: 39] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/04/2023]
Abstract
Silicon-based nanomaterials are promising anode materials in lithium-ion batteries (LIBs) due to their high theoretical capacity of 4200 mA h g(-1), more than 10 times that of commercial graphite. Si nanoparticles (NPs) with a diameter of or below 10 nm generally exhibit enhanced lithium storage properties due to their small size and large surface area. However, it is challenging to generate such ultrafine Si NPs by a facile and scalable method. This paper reports a scalable method to fabricate ultrafine Si NPs 5-8 nm in size from dead bamboo leaves (BLs) by thermally decomposing the organic matter, followed by magnesiothermic reduction in the presence of NaCl as a heat scavenger. The ultrafine Si NPs show a high capacity of 1800 mA h g(-1) at a 0.2 C (1 C = 4200 mA g(-1)) rate and are thus promising anode materials in lithium-ion batteries. To achieve better rate capability, the BLs-derived ultrafine Si NPs are coated with a thin amorphous carbon layer (Si@C) and then dispersed and embedded in a reduced graphene oxide (RGO) network to produce Si@C/RGO nanocomposites by a layer-by-layer assembly method. The double protection rendered by the carbon shell and RGO network synergistically yield structural stability, high electrical conductivity and a stable solid electrolyte interface during Li insertion/extraction. The Si@C/RGO nanocomposites show excellent battery properties with a high capacity of 1400 mA h g(-1) at a high current density of 2 C and remarkable rate performance with a capacity retention of 60% when the current density is increased 20 times from 0.2 to 4 C. This work provides a simple, low cost, and scalable approach enabling the use of BL waste as a sustainable source for the production of ultrafine Si NPs towards high-performance LIBs.
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Affiliation(s)
- Lei Wang
- Wuhan National Laboratory for Optoelectronics (WNLO), Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan 430074, China.
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232
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Ko M, Oh P, Chae S, Cho W, Cho J. Considering Critical Factors of Li-rich Cathode and Si Anode Materials for Practical Li-ion Cell Applications. SMALL (WEINHEIM AN DER BERGSTRASSE, GERMANY) 2015; 11:4058-73. [PMID: 26108922 DOI: 10.1002/smll.201500474] [Citation(s) in RCA: 16] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/14/2015] [Revised: 04/16/2015] [Indexed: 05/25/2023]
Abstract
In order to keep pace with increasing energy demands for advanced electronic devices and to achieve commercialization of electric vehicles and energy-storage systems, improvements in high-energy battery technologies are required. Among the various types of batteries, lithium ion batteries (LIBs) are among the most well-developed and commercialized of energy-storage systems. LIBs with Si anodes and Li-rich cathodes are one of the most promising alternative electrode materials for next-generation, high-energy batteries. Si and Li-rich materials exhibit high reversible capacities of <2000 mAh g(-1) and >240 mAh g(-1) , respectively. However, both materials have intrinsic drawbacks and practical limitations that prevent them from being utilized directly as active materials in high-energy LIBs. Examples for Li-rich materials include phase distortion during cycling and side reactions caused by the electrolyte at the surface, and for Si, large volume changes during cycling and low conductivity are observed. Recent progress and important approaches adopted for overcoming and alleviating these drawbacks are described in this article. A perspective on these matters is suggested and the requirements for each material are delineated, in addition to introducing a full-cell prototype utilizing a Li-rich cathode and Si anode.
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Affiliation(s)
- Minseong Ko
- Department of Energy Engineering and School of Energy and Chemical Engineering, Ulsan National Institute of Science and Technology (UNIST), Ulsan, 689-798, Korea
| | - Pilgun Oh
- Department of Energy Engineering and School of Energy and Chemical Engineering, Ulsan National Institute of Science and Technology (UNIST), Ulsan, 689-798, Korea
| | - Sujong Chae
- Department of Energy Engineering and School of Energy and Chemical Engineering, Ulsan National Institute of Science and Technology (UNIST), Ulsan, 689-798, Korea
| | - Woongrae Cho
- Department of Energy Engineering and School of Energy and Chemical Engineering, Ulsan National Institute of Science and Technology (UNIST), Ulsan, 689-798, Korea
| | - Jaephil Cho
- Department of Energy Engineering and School of Energy and Chemical Engineering, Ulsan National Institute of Science and Technology (UNIST), Ulsan, 689-798, Korea
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Wang J, Wang H, Zhang B, Wang Y, Lu S, Zhang X. A Stable Flexible Silicon Nanowire Array as Anode for High-Performance Lithium-ion Batteries. Electrochim Acta 2015. [DOI: 10.1016/j.electacta.2015.07.001] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/23/2022]
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234
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Yaroslavtsev AB, Kulova TL, Skundin AM. Electrode nanomaterials for lithium-ion batteries. RUSSIAN CHEMICAL REVIEWS 2015. [DOI: 10.1070/rcr4497] [Citation(s) in RCA: 75] [Impact Index Per Article: 8.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/08/2022]
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235
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Zhang Y, Jiang L, Wang C. Preparation of a porous Sn@C nanocomposite as a high-performance anode material for lithium-ion batteries. NANOSCALE 2015; 7:11940-4. [PMID: 26120063 DOI: 10.1039/c5nr03093e] [Citation(s) in RCA: 16] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/13/2023]
Abstract
A porous Sn@C nanocomposite was prepared via a facile hydrothermal method combined with a simple post-calcination process, using stannous octoate as the Sn source and glucose as the C source. The as-prepared Sn@C nanocomposite exhibited excellent electrochemical behavior with a high reversible capacity, long cycle life and good rate capability when used as an anode material for lithium ion batteries.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yanjun Zhang
- Key Laboratory of Molecular Nanostructure and Nanotechnology, Beijing National Laboratory for Molecular Sciences, Institute of Chemistry, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100190, China.
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236
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Choi J, Kim K, Jeong J, Cho KY, Ryou MH, Lee YM. Highly Adhesive and Soluble Copolyimide Binder: Improving the Long-Term Cycle Life of Silicon Anodes in Lithium-Ion Batteries. ACS APPLIED MATERIALS & INTERFACES 2015; 7:14851-14858. [PMID: 26075943 DOI: 10.1021/acsami.5b03364] [Citation(s) in RCA: 42] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/04/2023]
Abstract
A highly adhesive and thermally stable copolyimide (P84) that is soluble in organic solvents is newly applied to silicon (Si) anodes for high energy density lithium-ion batteries. The Si anodes with the P84 binder deliver not only a little higher initial discharge capacity (2392 mAh g(-1)), but also fairly improved Coulombic efficiency (71.2%) compared with the Si anode using conventional polyvinylidene fluoride binder (2148 mAh g(-1) and 61.2%, respectively), even though P84 is reduced irreversibly during the first charging process. This reduction behavior of P84 was systematically confirmed by cyclic voltammetry and Fourier-transform infrared analysis in attenuated total reflection mode of the Si anodes at differently charged voltages. The Si anode with P84 also shows ultrastable long-term cycle performance of 1313 mAh g(-1) after 300 cycles at 1.2 A g(-1) and 25 °C. From the morphological analysis on the basis of scanning electron microscopy and optical images and of the electrode adhesion properties determined by surface and interfacial cutting analysis system and peel tests, it was found that the P84 binder functions well and maintains the mechanical integrity of Si anodes during hundreds of cycles. As a result, when the loading level of the Si anode is increased from 0.2 to 0.6 mg cm(-2), which is a commercially acceptable level, the Si anode could deliver 647 mAh g(-1) until the 300th cycle, which is still two times higher than the theoretical capacity of graphite at 372 mAh g(-1).
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Affiliation(s)
- Jaecheol Choi
- †Department of Chemical and Biological Engineering, Hanbat National University, 125, Dongseo-daero, Yuseong-gu, Daejeon 305-719, Republic of Korea
- ‡Intelligent Polymer Research Institute, ARC Centre of Excellence for Electromaterials Science, AIIM Facility, Innovation Campus, University of Wollongong, Wollongong, NSW 2522, Australia
| | - Kyuman Kim
- †Department of Chemical and Biological Engineering, Hanbat National University, 125, Dongseo-daero, Yuseong-gu, Daejeon 305-719, Republic of Korea
| | - Jiseon Jeong
- †Department of Chemical and Biological Engineering, Hanbat National University, 125, Dongseo-daero, Yuseong-gu, Daejeon 305-719, Republic of Korea
| | - Kuk Young Cho
- §Division of Advanced Materials Engineering, Kongju National University, 275, Budae-dong, Cheonan, Chungnam 331-717, Republic of Korea
| | - Myung-Hyun Ryou
- †Department of Chemical and Biological Engineering, Hanbat National University, 125, Dongseo-daero, Yuseong-gu, Daejeon 305-719, Republic of Korea
| | - Yong Min Lee
- †Department of Chemical and Biological Engineering, Hanbat National University, 125, Dongseo-daero, Yuseong-gu, Daejeon 305-719, Republic of Korea
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237
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Chang Y, Zhou M, Li X, Zhang Y, Zhi L. Reconstruction of Pyrolyzed Bacterial Cellulose (PBC)-Based Three-Dimensional Conductive Network for Silicon Lithium Battery Anodes. ChemElectroChem 2015. [DOI: 10.1002/celc.201500204] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/09/2022]
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238
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Wang J, Meng X, Fan X, Zhang W, Zhang H, Wang C. Scalable Synthesis of Defect Abundant Si Nanorods for High-Performance Li-Ion Battery Anodes. ACS NANO 2015; 9:6576-6586. [PMID: 26014439 DOI: 10.1021/acsnano.5b02565] [Citation(s) in RCA: 24] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/04/2023]
Abstract
Microsized nanostructured silicon-carbon composite is a promising anode material for high energy Li-ion batteries. However, large-scale synthesis of high-performance nano-Si materials at a low cost still remains a significant challenge. We report a scalable low cost method to synthesize Al/Na-doped and defect-abundant Si nanorods that have excellent electrochemical performance with high first-cycle Coulombic efficiency (90%). The unique Si nanorods are synthesized by acid etching the refined and rapidly solidified eutectic Al-Si ingot. To maintain the high electronic conductivity, a thin layer of carbon is then coated on the Si nanorods by carbonization of self-polymerized polydopamine (PDA) at 800 °C. The carbon coated Si nanorods (Si@C) electrode at 0.9 mg cm(-2) loading (corresponding to area-specific-capacity of ∼2.0 mAh cm(-2)) exhibits a reversible capacity of ∼2200 mAh g(-1) at 100 mA g(-1) current, and maintains ∼700 mAh g(-1) over 1000 cycles at 1000 mA g(-1) with a capacity decay rate of 0.02% per cycle. High Coulombic efficiencies of 87% in the first cycle and ∼99.7% after 5 cycles are achieved due to the formation of an artificial Al2O3 solid electrolyte interphase (SEI) on the Si surface, and the low surface area (31 m(2) g(-1)), which has never been reported before for nano-Si anodes. The excellent electrochemical performance results from the massive defects (twins, stacking faults, dislocations) and Al/Na doping in Si nanorods induced by rapid solidification and Na salt modifications; this greatly enhances the robustness of Si from the volume changes and alleviates the mechanical stress/strain of the Si nanorods during the lithium insertion/extraction process. Introducing massive defects and Al/Na doping in eutectic Si nanorods for Li-ion battery anodes is unexplored territory. We venture this uncharted territory to commercialize this nanostructured Si anode for the next generation of Li-ion batteries.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jing Wang
- †School of Materials Science and Engineering, Jiamusi University, Jiamusi 154007, China
| | - Xiangcai Meng
- †School of Materials Science and Engineering, Jiamusi University, Jiamusi 154007, China
| | - Xiulin Fan
- ‡Department of Chemical and Biomolecular Engineering, University of Maryland, College Park, Maryland 20742, United States
| | - Wenbo Zhang
- †School of Materials Science and Engineering, Jiamusi University, Jiamusi 154007, China
| | - Hongyong Zhang
- †School of Materials Science and Engineering, Jiamusi University, Jiamusi 154007, China
| | - Chunsheng Wang
- ‡Department of Chemical and Biomolecular Engineering, University of Maryland, College Park, Maryland 20742, United States
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239
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Bhandari R, Anderson RM, Stauffer S, Dylla AG, Henkelman G, Stevenson KJ, Crooks RM. Electrochemical Activity of Dendrimer-Stabilized Tin Nanoparticles for Lithium Alloying Reactions. LANGMUIR : THE ACS JOURNAL OF SURFACES AND COLLOIDS 2015; 31:6570-6576. [PMID: 26039456 DOI: 10.1021/acs.langmuir.5b01383] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/04/2023]
Abstract
The synthesis and characterization of Sn nanoparticles in organic solvents using sixth-generation dendrimers modified on their periphery with hydrophobic groups as stabilizers are reported. Sn(2+):dendrimer ratios of 147 and 225 were employed for the synthesis, corresponding to formation of Sn147 and Sn225 dendrimer-stabilized nanoparticles (DSNs). Transmission electron microscopy analysis indicated the presence of ultrasmall Sn nanoparticles having an average size of 3.0-5.0 nm. X-ray absorption spectroscopy suggested the presence of Sn nanoparticles with only partially oxidized surfaces. Cyclic voltammetry studies of the Sn DSNs for Li alloying/dealloying reactions demonstrated good reversibility. Control experiments carried out in the absence of DSNs clearly indicated that these ultrasmall Sn DSNs react directly with Li to form SnLi alloys.
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Affiliation(s)
- Rohit Bhandari
- †Department of Chemistry, ‡Center for Nano- and Molecular Science and Technology, and §Institute for Computational and Engineering Sciences, The University of Texas at Austin, 105 E. 24th St., Stop A5300, Austin, Texas 78712-1224, United States
| | - Rachel M Anderson
- †Department of Chemistry, ‡Center for Nano- and Molecular Science and Technology, and §Institute for Computational and Engineering Sciences, The University of Texas at Austin, 105 E. 24th St., Stop A5300, Austin, Texas 78712-1224, United States
| | - Shannon Stauffer
- †Department of Chemistry, ‡Center for Nano- and Molecular Science and Technology, and §Institute for Computational and Engineering Sciences, The University of Texas at Austin, 105 E. 24th St., Stop A5300, Austin, Texas 78712-1224, United States
| | - Anthony G Dylla
- †Department of Chemistry, ‡Center for Nano- and Molecular Science and Technology, and §Institute for Computational and Engineering Sciences, The University of Texas at Austin, 105 E. 24th St., Stop A5300, Austin, Texas 78712-1224, United States
| | - Graeme Henkelman
- †Department of Chemistry, ‡Center for Nano- and Molecular Science and Technology, and §Institute for Computational and Engineering Sciences, The University of Texas at Austin, 105 E. 24th St., Stop A5300, Austin, Texas 78712-1224, United States
| | - Keith J Stevenson
- †Department of Chemistry, ‡Center for Nano- and Molecular Science and Technology, and §Institute for Computational and Engineering Sciences, The University of Texas at Austin, 105 E. 24th St., Stop A5300, Austin, Texas 78712-1224, United States
| | - Richard M Crooks
- †Department of Chemistry, ‡Center for Nano- and Molecular Science and Technology, and §Institute for Computational and Engineering Sciences, The University of Texas at Austin, 105 E. 24th St., Stop A5300, Austin, Texas 78712-1224, United States
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240
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Li Y, Raghavan R, Wagner NA, Davidowski SK, Baggetto L, Zhao R, Cheng Q, Yarger JL, Veith GM, Ellis-Terrell C, Miller MA, Chan KS, Chan CK. Type I Clathrates as Novel Silicon Anodes: An Electrochemical and Structural Investigation. ADVANCED SCIENCE (WEINHEIM, BADEN-WURTTEMBERG, GERMANY) 2015; 2:1500057. [PMID: 27980951 PMCID: PMC5115401 DOI: 10.1002/advs.201500057] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/18/2015] [Revised: 03/20/2015] [Indexed: 05/12/2023]
Abstract
Silicon clathrates contain cage-like structures that can encapsulate various guest atoms or molecules. An electrochemical evaluation of type I silicon clathrates based on Ba8Al y Si46-y as the anode material for lithium-ion batteries is presented here. Postcycling characterization with nuclear magnetic resonance and X-ray diffraction shows no discernible structural or volume changes even after electrochemical insertion of 44 Li (≈1 Li/Si) into the clathrate structure. The observed properties are in stark contrast with lithiation of other silicon anodes, which become amorphous and suffer from large volume changes. The electrochemical reactions are proposed to occur as single phase reactions at approximately 0.2 and 0.4 V versus Li/Li+ during lithiation and delithiation, respectively, distinct from diamond cubic or amorphous silicon anodes. Reversible capacities as high as 499 mAh g-1 at a 5 mA g-1 rate were observed for silicon clathrate with composition Ba8Al8.54Si37.46, corresponding to ≈1.18 Li/Si. These results show that silicon clathrates could be promising durable anodes for lithium-ion batteries.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ying Li
- Materials Science and Engineering School for Engineering of Matter Transport and Energy Arizona State University Tempe AZ 85287 USA
| | - Rahul Raghavan
- Materials Science and Engineering School for Engineering of Matter Transport and Energy Arizona State University Tempe AZ 85287 USA
| | - Nicholas A Wagner
- Materials Science and Engineering School for Engineering of Matter Transport and Energy Arizona State University Tempe AZ 85287 USA
| | - Stephen K Davidowski
- Department of Chemistry and Biochemistry Arizona State University Tempe AZ 85287 USA
| | - Loïc Baggetto
- Materials Science and Technology Division Oak Ridge National Laboratory Oak Ridge TN 37831 USA
| | - Ran Zhao
- Department of Chemistry and Biochemistry Arizona State University Tempe AZ 85287 USA
| | - Qian Cheng
- Materials Science and Engineering School for Engineering of Matter Transport and Energy Arizona State University Tempe AZ 85287 USA
| | - Jeffery L Yarger
- Department of Chemistry and Biochemistry Arizona State University Tempe AZ 85287 USA
| | - Gabriel M Veith
- Materials Science and Technology Division Oak Ridge National Laboratory Oak Ridge TN 37831 USA
| | - Carol Ellis-Terrell
- Department of Materials Engineering Southwest Research Institute San Antonio TX 78238 USA
| | - Michael A Miller
- Department of Materials Engineering Southwest Research Institute San Antonio TX 78238 USA
| | - Kwai S Chan
- Department of Materials Engineering Southwest Research Institute San Antonio TX 78238 USA
| | - Candace K Chan
- Materials Science and Engineering School for Engineering of Matter Transport and Energy Arizona State University Tempe AZ 85287 USA
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241
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Qin F, Zhang K, Zhang L, Li J, Lu H, Lai Y, Zhang Z, Zhou Y, Li Y, Fang J. Sustainable synthetic route for γ-Fe2O3/C hybrid as anode material for lithium-ion batteries. Dalton Trans 2015; 44:2150-6. [PMID: 25510410 DOI: 10.1039/c4dt03278k] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/21/2022]
Abstract
A facile, high-yield and sustainable method is developed to synthesize iron oxide/C hybrids. Starch is chosen as the carbon source due to its superior gelatinization property and natural abundance, and ferric nitrate is used as the iron salt for the sustainable synthesis. The iron oxide in the final products exists in the γ-Fe2O3 phase. The γ-Fe2O3/C hybrids are used as anode materials for lithium-ion batteries. The batteries exhibit better cyclability as the content of γ-Fe2O3 decreases, but in turn the reversible capacity declines. The γ-Fe2O3/C hybrid with 63.96 wt% of γ-Fe2O3 has an initial discharge capacity of 1149 mA h g(-1) and after the 80(th) cycle the reversible capacity is maintained at over 720 mA h g(-1) at a current density of 0.5 A g(-1). Even when tested at a current density of 5 A g(-1), a substantial discharge capacity of ∼300 mA h g(-1) can be obtained.
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Affiliation(s)
- Furong Qin
- School of Metallurgy and Environment, Central South University, Changsha 410083, China.
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242
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Zhao Y, Peng L, Ding Y, Yu G. Amorphous silicon honeycombs as a binder/carbon-free, thin-film Li-ion battery anode. Chem Commun (Camb) 2015; 50:12959-62. [PMID: 25220144 DOI: 10.1039/c4cc05303f] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/21/2022]
Abstract
Amorphous silicon thin films with honeycombed structures have been prepared using a self-assembled monolayer of polystyrene spheres as the template. The as-prepared thin films may serve as a good anode candidate for thin film Li-ion batteries. This approach can be extended to a wide range of coating materials and substrates with controlled periodic structures.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yu Zhao
- Materials Science and Engineering Program and Department of Mechanical Engineering, The University of Texas at Austin, Austin, Texas 78712, USA.
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243
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Qu F, Li C, Wang Z, Wen Y, Richter G, Strunk HP. Eutectic nano-droplet template injection into bulk silicon to construct porous frameworks with concomitant conformal coating as anodes for Li-ion batteries. Sci Rep 2015; 5:10381. [PMID: 25988370 PMCID: PMC4437372 DOI: 10.1038/srep10381] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/22/2014] [Accepted: 04/09/2015] [Indexed: 11/18/2022] Open
Abstract
Building porosity in monolithic materials is highly desired to design 3D electrodes, however ex-situ introduction or in-situ generation of nano-scale sacrificial template is still a great challenge. Here Al-Si eutectic droplet templates are uniformly injected into bulk Si through Al-induced solid-solid convection to construct a highly porous Si framework. This process is concomitant with process-inherent conformal coating of ion-conductive oxide. Such an all-in-one method has generated a (continuously processed) high-capacity Si anode integrating longevity and stable electrolyte-anode diaphragm for Li-ion batteries (e.g. a reversible capacity as large as ~1800 mAh/g or ~350 μAh/cm2-μm with a CE of ~99% at 0.1 C after long-term 400 cycles).
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Affiliation(s)
- Fei Qu
- State Key Laboratory of High Performance Ceramics and Superfine Microstructure, Shanghai Institute of Ceramics, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Shanghai 200050, China
| | - Chilin Li
- Institute for Materials Science, Chair of Materials Physics, University of Stuttgart, Heisenbergstr. 3, 70569 Stuttgart, Germany
| | - Zumin Wang
- Max Planck Institute for Intelligent Systems (formerly Max Planck Institute for Metals Research), Heisenbergstr. 3, 70569 Stuttgart, Germany
| | - Yuren Wen
- Max Planck Institute for Intelligent Systems (formerly Max Planck Institute for Metals Research), Heisenbergstr. 3, 70569 Stuttgart, Germany
| | - Gunther Richter
- Max Planck Institute for Intelligent Systems (formerly Max Planck Institute for Metals Research), Heisenbergstr. 3, 70569 Stuttgart, Germany
| | - Horst P Strunk
- Institute for Materials Science, Chair of Materials Physics, University of Stuttgart, Heisenbergstr. 3, 70569 Stuttgart, Germany
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244
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Wang J, Zhou M, Tan G, Chen S, Wu F, Lu J, Amine K. Encapsulating micro-nano Si/SiO(x) into conjugated nitrogen-doped carbon as binder-free monolithic anodes for advanced lithium ion batteries. NANOSCALE 2015; 7:8023-8034. [PMID: 25865463 DOI: 10.1039/c5nr01209k] [Citation(s) in RCA: 18] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/04/2023]
Abstract
Silicon monoxide, a promising silicon-based anode candidate for lithium-ion batteries, has recently attracted much attention for its high theoretical capacity, good cycle stability, low cost, and environmental benignity. Currently, the most critical challenge is to improve its low initial coulombic efficiency and significant volume changes during the charge-discharge processes. Herein, we report a binder-free monolithic electrode structure based on directly encapsulating micro-nano Si/SiOx particles into conjugated nitrogen-doped carbon frameworks to form monolithic, multi-core, cross-linking composite matrices. We utilize micro-nano Si/SiOx reduced by high-energy ball-milling SiO as active materials, and conjugated nitrogen-doped carbon formed by the pyrolysis of polyacrylonitrile both as binders and conductive agents. Owing to the high electrochemical activity of Si/SiOx and the good mechanical resiliency of conjugated nitrogen-doped carbon backbones, this specific composite structure enhances the utilization efficiency of SiO and accommodates its large volume expansion, as well as its good ionic and electronic conductivity. The annealed Si/SiOx/polyacrylonitrile composite electrode exhibits excellent electrochemical properties, including a high initial reversible capacity (2734 mA h g(-1) with 75% coulombic efficiency), stable cycle performance (988 mA h g(-1) after 100 cycles), and good rate capability (800 mA h g(-1) at 1 A g(-1) rate). Because the composite is naturally abundant and shows such excellent electrochemical performance, it is a promising anode candidate material for lithium-ion batteries. The binder-free monolithic architectural design also provides an effective way to prepare other monolithic electrode materials for advanced lithium-ion batteries.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jing Wang
- School of Chemical Engineering and the Environment, Beijing Institute of Technology, Beijing Key Laboratory of Environmental Science and Engineering, Beijing, 100081, China.
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245
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Son SB, Kappes B, Ban C. Surface Modification of Silicon Anodes for Durable and HighEnergy Lithium-Ion Batteries. Isr J Chem 2015. [DOI: 10.1002/ijch.201400173] [Citation(s) in RCA: 17] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/11/2022]
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246
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Li W, Tang Y, Kang W, Zhang Z, Yang X, Zhu Y, Zhang W, Lee CS. Core-shell Si/C nanospheres embedded in bubble sheet-like carbon film with enhanced performance as lithium ion battery anodes. SMALL (WEINHEIM AN DER BERGSTRASSE, GERMANY) 2015; 11:1345-51. [PMID: 25346141 DOI: 10.1002/smll.201402072] [Citation(s) in RCA: 30] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/15/2014] [Revised: 09/15/2014] [Indexed: 05/11/2023]
Abstract
Due to its high theoretical capacity and low lithium insertion voltage plateau, silicon has been considered one of the most promising anodes for high energy and high power density lithium ion batteries (LIBs). However, its rapid capacity degradation, mainly caused by huge volume changes during lithium insertion/extraction processes, remains a significant challenge to its practical application. Engineering Si anodes with abundant free spaces and stabilizing them by incorporating carbon materials has been found to be effective to address the above problems. Using sodium chloride (NaCl) as a template, bubble sheet-like carbon film supported core-shell Si/C composites are prepared for the first time by a facile magnesium thermal reduction/glucose carbonization process. The capacity retention achieves up to 93.6% (about 1018 mAh g(-1)) after 200 cycles at 1 A g(-1). The good performance is attributed to synergistic effects of the conductive carbon film and the hollow structure of the core-shell nanospheres, which provide an ideal conductive matrix and buffer spaces for respectively electron transfer and Si expansion during lithiation process. This unique structure decreases the charge transfer resistance and suppresses the cracking/pulverization of Si, leading to the enhanced cycling performance of bubble sheet-like composite.
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Affiliation(s)
- Wenyue Li
- Functional Thin Films Research Center, Shenzhen Institutes of Advanced Technology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Shenzhen, 518055, China; Department of Physics and Materials Science, Center of Super-Diamond and Advanced Films (COSDAF), The City University of Hong Kong, Hong Kong SAR, China
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247
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Hao Q, Zhao D, Duan H, Zhou Q, Xu C. Si/Ag composite with bimodal micro-nano porous structure as a high-performance anode for Li-ion batteries. NANOSCALE 2015; 7:5320-5327. [PMID: 25721441 DOI: 10.1039/c4nr07384c] [Citation(s) in RCA: 37] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/04/2023]
Abstract
A one-step dealloying method is employed to conveniently fabricate a bimodal porous (BP) Si/Ag composite in high throughput under mild conditions. Upon dealloying the carefully designed SiAgAl ternary alloy in HCl solution at room temperature, the obtained Si/Ag composite has a uniform bicontinuous porous structure in three dimensions with micro-nano bimodal pore size distribution. Compared with the traditional preparation methods for porous Si and Si-based composites, this dealloying route is easily operated and environmentally benign. More importantly, it is convenient to realize the controllable components and uniform distribution of Si and Ag in the product. Owing to the rich porosity of the unique BP structure and the incorporation of highly conductive Ag, the as-made Si/Ag composite possesses the improved conductivity and alleviated volume changes of the Si network during repeated charging and discharging. As expected, the BP Si/Ag anode exhibits high capacity, excellent cycling reversibility, long cycling life and good rate capability for lithium storage. When the current rate is up to 1 A g(-1), BP Si/Ag can deliver a stable reversible capacity above 1000 mA h g(-1), and exhibits a capacity retention of up to 89.2% against the highest capacity after 200 cycles. With the advantages of unique performance and easy preparation, the BP Si/Ag composite holds great application potential as an advanced anode material for Li-ion batteries.
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Affiliation(s)
- Qin Hao
- School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, University of Jinan, Jinan, 250022, China.
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248
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Complete magnesiothermic reduction reaction of vertically aligned mesoporous silica channels to form pure silicon nanoparticles. Sci Rep 2015; 5:9014. [PMID: 25757800 PMCID: PMC4355679 DOI: 10.1038/srep09014] [Citation(s) in RCA: 31] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/21/2014] [Accepted: 02/06/2015] [Indexed: 11/25/2022] Open
Abstract
Owing to its simplicity and low temperature conditions, magnesiothermic reduction of silica is one of the most powerful methods for producing silicon nanostructures. However, incomplete reduction takes place in this process leaving unconverted silica under the silicon layer. This phenomenon limits the use of this method for the rational design of silicon structures. In this effort, a technique that enables complete magnesiothermic reduction of silica to form silicon has been developed. The procedure involves magnesium promoted reduction of vertically oriented mesoporous silica channels on reduced graphene oxides (rGO) sheets. The mesopores play a significant role in effectively enabling magnesium gas to interact with silica through a large number of reaction sites. Utilizing this approach, highly uniform, ca. 10 nm sized silicon nanoparticles are generated without contamination by unreacted silica. The new method for complete magnesiothermic reduction of mesoporous silica approach provides a foundation for the rational design of silicon structures.
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249
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Wang B, Li X, Luo B, Hao L, Zhou M, Zhang X, Fan Z, Zhi L. Approaching the downsizing limit of silicon for surface-controlled lithium storage. ADVANCED MATERIALS (DEERFIELD BEACH, FLA.) 2015; 27:1526-1532. [PMID: 25581500 DOI: 10.1002/adma.201405031] [Citation(s) in RCA: 47] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/03/2014] [Revised: 11/30/2014] [Indexed: 06/04/2023]
Abstract
Graphene-sheet-supported uniform ultrasmall (≈3 nm) silicon quantum dots have been successfully synthesized by a simple and effective self-assembly strategy, exhibiting unprecedented fast, surface-controlled lithium-storage behavior and outstanding lithium-storage properties including extraordinary rate capability and remarkable cycling stability, attributable to the intrinsic role of approaching the downsizing limit of silicon.
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Affiliation(s)
- Bin Wang
- Key Laboratory of Nanosystem and Hierarchical Fabrication, National Center for Nanoscience and Technology, Beijing, 100190, P. R. China
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250
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Lin N, Han Y, Wang L, Zhou J, Zhou J, Zhu Y, Qian Y. Preparation of Nanocrystalline Silicon from SiCl4at 200 °C in Molten Salt for High-Performance Anodes for Lithium Ion Batteries. Angew Chem Int Ed Engl 2015. [DOI: 10.1002/ange.201411830] [Citation(s) in RCA: 28] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/09/2022]
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