201
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Fontenelle CQ, Wang Z, Fossey C, Cailly T, Linclau B, Fabis F. Design of fluorinated 5-HT4R antagonists: Influence of the basicity and lipophilicity toward the 5-HT4R binding affinities. Bioorg Med Chem 2013; 21:7529-38. [DOI: 10.1016/j.bmc.2013.08.061] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/25/2013] [Revised: 08/27/2013] [Accepted: 08/28/2013] [Indexed: 10/26/2022]
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202
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Xia JB, Zhu C, Chen C. Visible light-promoted metal-free C-H activation: diarylketone-catalyzed selective benzylic mono- and difluorination. J Am Chem Soc 2013; 135:17494-500. [PMID: 24180320 PMCID: PMC3874084 DOI: 10.1021/ja410815u] [Citation(s) in RCA: 416] [Impact Index Per Article: 37.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/12/2022]
Abstract
We report herein an operationally simple method for the direct conversion of benzylic C-H groups to C-F. We show that visible light can activate diarylketones to abstract a benzylic hydrogen atom selectively. Adding a fluorine radical donor yields the benzylic fluoride and regenerates the catalyst. The selective formation of mono- and difluorination products can be achieved by catalyst control. 9-Fluorenone catalyzes benzylic C-H monofluorination, while xanthone catalyzes benzylic C-H difluorination. The scope and efficiency of this new C-H fluorination method are significantly better than those of the existing methods. This is also the first report of selective C-H gem-difluorination.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ji-Bao Xia
- Division of Chemistry, Department of Biochemistry, The University of Texas Southwestern Medical Center, 5323 Harry Hines Boulevard, Dallas, Texas 75390-9038, United States
| | - Chen Zhu
- Division of Chemistry, Department of Biochemistry, The University of Texas Southwestern Medical Center, 5323 Harry Hines Boulevard, Dallas, Texas 75390-9038, United States
| | - Chuo Chen
- Division of Chemistry, Department of Biochemistry, The University of Texas Southwestern Medical Center, 5323 Harry Hines Boulevard, Dallas, Texas 75390-9038, United States
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203
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Li SG, Zard SZ. A Convenient Metal-Free Reagent for the Generation and Capture of Trifluoromethanethiol. Org Lett 2013; 15:5898-901. [DOI: 10.1021/ol403038f] [Citation(s) in RCA: 81] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/18/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Shi-Guang Li
- Laboratoire de Synthèse Organique, CNRS UMR 7652 Ecole Polytechnique, 91128 Palaiseau Cedex, France
| | - Samir Z. Zard
- Laboratoire de Synthèse Organique, CNRS UMR 7652 Ecole Polytechnique, 91128 Palaiseau Cedex, France
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204
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Chun JH, Pike VW. Single-step syntheses of no-carrier-added functionalized [18F]fluoroarenes as labeling synthons from diaryliodonium salts. Org Biomol Chem 2013; 11:6300-6. [PMID: 23942997 PMCID: PMC4184149 DOI: 10.1039/c3ob41353e] [Citation(s) in RCA: 40] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/21/2022]
Abstract
Radiotracers labelled with short-lived fluorine-18 (t(1/2) = 109.7 min) are keenly sought for biomedical imaging with positron emission tomography (PET). The radiotracers are mostly required at high specific radioactivities, necessitating their radiosyntheses from cyclotron-produced no-carrier-added [(18)F]fluoride ion. PET radiotracers encompass wide structural diversity and molecular weight. Hence, diverse (18)F-labeling methodology is needed to accomplish the required radiosyntheses in a simple and rapid manner. A useful strategy is to introduce nucleophilic [(18)F]fluoride ion first into a labeling synthon that may then be applied to label the target radiotracer. Here, we show that various functionalized [(18)F]fluoroarenes may be rapidly synthesized as labeling synthons through single-step reactions of appropriate diaryliodonium salts with [(18)F]fluoride ion. Decay-corrected radiochemical yields (RCYs) varied with position of functional group, choice of electron-rich aryl ring in the diaryliodonium salt, and choice of anion. Under best conditions, (18)F-labeled fluorobenzaldehydes, fluorobenzyl halides, fluorobenzoic acid esters and fluorophenyl ketones were obtained selectively in 40-73%, 20-55%, 46-89% and 81-98% RCYs, respectively. This versatile straightforward methodology will enhance the scope for producing structurally complex, yet useful, PET radiotracers.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Victor W. Pike
- Molecular Imaging Branch, National Institute of Mental Health, National Institutes of Health, Building 10, Room B3 C346A, 10 Center Drive, Bethesda, MD 20892-1003, USA., Fax: +1 301 480 5112; Tel: +1 301 594 5986
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205
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Jang KS, Jung YW, Gu G, Koeppe RA, Sherman PS, Quesada CA, Raffel DM. 4-[18F]Fluoro-m-hydroxyphenethylguanidine: a radiopharmaceutical for quantifying regional cardiac sympathetic nerve density with positron emission tomography. J Med Chem 2013; 56:7312-23. [PMID: 23965035 PMCID: PMC4520396 DOI: 10.1021/jm400770g] [Citation(s) in RCA: 42] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/11/2022]
Abstract
4-[(18)F]Fluoro-m-hydroxyphenethylguanidine ([(18)F]4F-MHPG, [(18)F]1) is a new cardiac sympathetic nerve radiotracer with kinetic properties favorable for quantifying regional nerve density with PET and tracer kinetic analysis. An automated synthesis of [(18)F]1 was developed in which the intermediate 4-[(18)F]fluoro-m-tyramine ([(18)F]16) was prepared using a diaryliodonium salt precursor for nucleophilic aromatic [(18)F]fluorination. In PET imaging studies in rhesus macaque monkeys, [(18)F]1 demonstrated high quality cardiac images with low uptake in lungs and the liver. Compartmental modeling of [(18)F]1 kinetics provided net uptake rate constants Ki (mL/min/g wet), and Patlak graphical analysis of [(18)F]1 kinetics provided Patlak slopes Kp (mL/min/g). In pharmacological blocking studies with the norepinephrine transporter inhibitor desipramine (DMI), each of these quantitative measures declined in a dose-dependent manner with increasing DMI doses. These initial results strongly suggest that [(18)F]1 can provide quantitative measures of regional cardiac sympathetic nerve density in human hearts using PET.
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Affiliation(s)
- Keun Sam Jang
- Division of Nuclear Medicine, Department of Radiology, 2276 Medical Sciences I Building, University of Michigan Medical School, Ann Arbor, Michigan 48109
| | - Yong-Woon Jung
- Division of Nuclear Medicine, Department of Radiology, 2276 Medical Sciences I Building, University of Michigan Medical School, Ann Arbor, Michigan 48109
| | - Guie Gu
- Division of Nuclear Medicine, Department of Radiology, 2276 Medical Sciences I Building, University of Michigan Medical School, Ann Arbor, Michigan 48109
| | - Robert A. Koeppe
- Division of Nuclear Medicine, Department of Radiology, 2276 Medical Sciences I Building, University of Michigan Medical School, Ann Arbor, Michigan 48109
| | - Phillip S. Sherman
- Division of Nuclear Medicine, Department of Radiology, 2276 Medical Sciences I Building, University of Michigan Medical School, Ann Arbor, Michigan 48109
| | - Carole A. Quesada
- Division of Nuclear Medicine, Department of Radiology, 2276 Medical Sciences I Building, University of Michigan Medical School, Ann Arbor, Michigan 48109
| | - David M. Raffel
- Division of Nuclear Medicine, Department of Radiology, 2276 Medical Sciences I Building, University of Michigan Medical School, Ann Arbor, Michigan 48109
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206
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Huiban M, Tredwell M, Mizuta S, Wan Z, Zhang X, Collier TL, Gouverneur V, Passchier J. A broadly applicable [18F]trifluoromethylation of aryl and heteroaryl iodides for PET imaging. Nat Chem 2013; 5:941-4. [DOI: 10.1038/nchem.1756] [Citation(s) in RCA: 155] [Impact Index Per Article: 14.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/29/2013] [Accepted: 08/12/2013] [Indexed: 12/24/2022]
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207
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208
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Kläring P, Braun T. Insertion of CS2into Iridium-Fluorine Bonds. Angew Chem Int Ed Engl 2013; 52:11096-101. [DOI: 10.1002/anie.201305106] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/13/2013] [Indexed: 01/22/2023]
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209
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210
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Neue Mitglieder der National Academy of Sciences Wolfson-Forschungspreise der Royal Society. Angew Chem Int Ed Engl 2013. [DOI: 10.1002/ange.201303907] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/10/2022]
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211
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New Members of the National Academy of Sciences Royal Society Wolfson Research Merit Awards. Angew Chem Int Ed Engl 2013. [DOI: 10.1002/anie.201303907] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/10/2022]
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212
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Li XG, Autio A, Ahtinen H, Helariutta K, Liljenbäck H, Jalkanen S, Roivainen A, Airaksinen AJ. Translating the concept of peptide labeling with 5-deoxy-5-[18F]fluororibose into preclinical practice: 18F-labeling of Siglec-9 peptide for PET imaging of inflammation. Chem Commun (Camb) 2013; 49:3682-3684. [PMID: 23536117 DOI: 10.1039/c3cc40738a] [Citation(s) in RCA: 30] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/21/2022]
Abstract
Peptide glycosylation with 5-deoxy-5-[(18)F]fluororibose was translated into preclinical settings. The novel (18)F-labeled Siglec-9 peptide was produced using an automated synthesis procedure. The (18)F-labeled Siglec-9 peptide showed favorable binding in the animal model of inflammation in vivo.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xiang-Guo Li
- Department of Pharmacology, Drug Development and Therapeutics, University of Turku, FI-20014 Turku, Finland. and Turku PET Centre, University of Turku and Turku University Hospital, FI-20521 Turku, Finland.
| | - Anu Autio
- Turku PET Centre, University of Turku and Turku University Hospital, FI-20521 Turku, Finland.
| | - Helena Ahtinen
- Turku PET Centre, University of Turku and Turku University Hospital, FI-20521 Turku, Finland.
| | - Kerttuli Helariutta
- Laboratory of Radiochemistry, Department of Chemistry, University of Helsinki, FI-00014 Helsinki, Finland.
| | - Heidi Liljenbäck
- Turku PET Centre, University of Turku and Turku University Hospital, FI-20521 Turku, Finland. and Turku Center for Disease Modeling, University of Turku, FI-20014 Turku, Finland
| | - Sirpa Jalkanen
- MediCity Research Laboratory and Department of Medical Microbiology and Immunology, University of Turku, FI-20014 Turku, Finland
| | - Anne Roivainen
- Turku PET Centre, University of Turku and Turku University Hospital, FI-20521 Turku, Finland. and Turku Center for Disease Modeling, University of Turku, FI-20014 Turku, Finland
| | - Anu J Airaksinen
- Laboratory of Radiochemistry, Department of Chemistry, University of Helsinki, FI-00014 Helsinki, Finland.
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213
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Bernardes GJL. Highlights from the 48th EUCHEM conference on stereochemistry, Bürgenstock, Switzerland, May 2013. Chem Commun (Camb) 2013; 49:8578-82. [DOI: 10.1039/c3cc90259e] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/21/2022]
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214
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Stenhagen ISR, Kirjavainen AK, Forsback SJ, Jørgensen CG, Robins EG, Luthra SK, Solin O, Gouverneur V. [18F]Fluorination of an arylboronic ester using [18F]selectfluor bis(triflate): application to 6-[18F]fluoro-l-DOPA. Chem Commun (Camb) 2013; 49:1386-8. [DOI: 10.1039/c2cc38646a] [Citation(s) in RCA: 76] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/21/2022]
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