201
|
Wan T, Tang F, Yin Y, Zhang M, Choi MMF, Yang X. Size‐dependent electrophoretic migration and separation of water‐soluble gold nanoclusters by capillary electrophoresis. Electrophoresis 2019; 40:1345-1352. [PMID: 30680763 DOI: 10.1002/elps.201800347] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/15/2018] [Revised: 12/29/2018] [Accepted: 01/21/2019] [Indexed: 11/10/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Ting Wan
- Chemical Synthesis and Pollution Control Key Laboratory of Sichuan Province, College of Chemistry and Chemical EngineeringChina West Normal University Nanchong P. R. China
| | - Fenglin Tang
- Chemical Synthesis and Pollution Control Key Laboratory of Sichuan Province, College of Chemistry and Chemical EngineeringChina West Normal University Nanchong P. R. China
| | - Yanru Yin
- Chemical Synthesis and Pollution Control Key Laboratory of Sichuan Province, College of Chemistry and Chemical EngineeringChina West Normal University Nanchong P. R. China
| | - Maoxue Zhang
- Chemical Synthesis and Pollution Control Key Laboratory of Sichuan Province, College of Chemistry and Chemical EngineeringChina West Normal University Nanchong P. R. China
| | - Martin M. F. Choi
- Department of ChemistryHong Kong Baptist University Hong Kong SAR P. R. China
| | - Xiupei Yang
- Chemical Synthesis and Pollution Control Key Laboratory of Sichuan Province, College of Chemistry and Chemical EngineeringChina West Normal University Nanchong P. R. China
| |
Collapse
|
202
|
Galchenko M, Schuster R, Black A, Riedner M, Klinke C. Preparation of high-yield and ultra-pure Au 25 nanoclusters: towards their implementation in real-world applications. NANOSCALE 2019; 11:1988-1994. [PMID: 30644932 PMCID: PMC6350625 DOI: 10.1039/c8nr08200f] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/10/2018] [Accepted: 01/02/2019] [Indexed: 06/09/2023]
Abstract
Colloidal approaches allow for the synthesis of Au nanoclusters (NCs) with atomic precision and sizes ranging from a few to hundreds of atoms. In most of the cases, these processes involve a common strategy of thiol etching of initially polydisperse Au nanoparticles into atomically precise NCs, resulting in the release of Au-thiolate complexes as byproducts. To the best of our knowledge, neither the removal of these byproducts nor the mass spectra in the relevant mass region were shown in previous studies. A thorough analysis of inorganic byproducts in the synthesis of [Au25(PPh3)10(PET)5X2]2+ NC, abbreviated as Au25 NC, reveals that published protocols lead to Au25 NCs in vanishingly small quantities compared to their byproducts. Three purification methods are presented to separate byproducts from the desired Au25 NCs which are proposed to be applicable to other promising Au NC systems. Additionally, critical factors for a successful synthesis of Au25 NCs are identified and discussed including the role of residual water. An important finding is that the etching duration is very critical and must be monitored by UV-Vis spectroscopy resulting in synthetic yields as high as 40%.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Michael Galchenko
- Institute of Physical Chemistry
, University of Hamburg
,
Martin-Luther-King-Platz 6
, 20146 Hamburg
, Germany
| | - Raphael Schuster
- Institute of Organic Chemistry
, University of Hamburg
,
Martin-Luther-King-Platz 6
, 20146 Hamburg
, Germany
| | - Andres Black
- Institute of Physical Chemistry
, University of Hamburg
,
Martin-Luther-King-Platz 6
, 20146 Hamburg
, Germany
| | - Maria Riedner
- Institute of Organic Chemistry
, University of Hamburg
,
Martin-Luther-King-Platz 6
, 20146 Hamburg
, Germany
| | - Christian Klinke
- Institute of Physical Chemistry
, University of Hamburg
,
Martin-Luther-King-Platz 6
, 20146 Hamburg
, Germany
- Department of Chemistry
, Swansea University – Singleton Park
,
Swansea SA2 8PP
, UK
.
| |
Collapse
|
203
|
Tang Y, Xu J, Xiong C, Xiao Y, Zhang X, Wang S. Enhanced electrochemiluminescence of gold nanoclusters via silver doping and their application for ultrasensitive detection of dopamine. Analyst 2019; 144:2643-2648. [DOI: 10.1039/c9an00032a] [Citation(s) in RCA: 24] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/01/2023]
Abstract
A novel electrochemiluminescence (ECL) sensor based on enhanced ECL of gold nanoclusters is designed for the ultrasensitive detection of dopamine.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Yao Tang
- Hubei Collaborative Innovation Center for Advanced Organic Chemical Materials
- Ministry of Education Key Laboratory for the Synthesis and Application of Organic Functional Molecules & College of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering
- Hubei University
- Wuhan 430062
- PR China
| | - Juntao Xu
- Hubei Collaborative Innovation Center for Advanced Organic Chemical Materials
- Ministry of Education Key Laboratory for the Synthesis and Application of Organic Functional Molecules & College of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering
- Hubei University
- Wuhan 430062
- PR China
| | - Chengyi Xiong
- Hubei Collaborative Innovation Center for Advanced Organic Chemical Materials
- Ministry of Education Key Laboratory for the Synthesis and Application of Organic Functional Molecules & College of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering
- Hubei University
- Wuhan 430062
- PR China
| | - Yan Xiao
- Hubei Collaborative Innovation Center for Advanced Organic Chemical Materials
- Ministry of Education Key Laboratory for the Synthesis and Application of Organic Functional Molecules & College of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering
- Hubei University
- Wuhan 430062
- PR China
| | - Xiuhua Zhang
- Hubei Collaborative Innovation Center for Advanced Organic Chemical Materials
- Ministry of Education Key Laboratory for the Synthesis and Application of Organic Functional Molecules & College of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering
- Hubei University
- Wuhan 430062
- PR China
| | - Shengfu Wang
- Hubei Collaborative Innovation Center for Advanced Organic Chemical Materials
- Ministry of Education Key Laboratory for the Synthesis and Application of Organic Functional Molecules & College of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering
- Hubei University
- Wuhan 430062
- PR China
| |
Collapse
|
204
|
|
205
|
Bain D, Maity S, Patra A. Opportunities and challenges in energy and electron transfer of nanocluster based hybrid materials and their sensing applications. Phys Chem Chem Phys 2019; 21:5863-5881. [DOI: 10.1039/c8cp06188b] [Citation(s) in RCA: 30] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/13/2022]
Abstract
This feature article highlights the recent advances of luminescent metal nanoclusters (MNCs) for their potential applications in healthcare and energy-related materials because of their high photosensitivity, thermal stability, low toxicity, and biocompatibility.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Dipankar Bain
- School of Materials Sciences, Indian Association for the Cultivation of Science
- Kolkata 700 032
- India
| | - Subarna Maity
- School of Materials Sciences, Indian Association for the Cultivation of Science
- Kolkata 700 032
- India
| | - Amitava Patra
- School of Materials Sciences, Indian Association for the Cultivation of Science
- Kolkata 700 032
- India
| |
Collapse
|
206
|
Fakhouri H, Perić M, Bertorelle F, Dugourd P, Dagany X, Russier-Antoine I, Brevet PF, Bonačić-Koutecký V, Antoine R. Sub-100 nanometer silver doped gold–cysteine supramolecular assemblies with enhanced nonlinear optical properties. Phys Chem Chem Phys 2019; 21:12091-12099. [DOI: 10.1039/c9cp00829b] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/19/2022]
Abstract
The ability of gold(i) thiolates to self-assemble into supramolecular architectures opens the route for a new class of nanomaterials with a unique structure–optical property relationship.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Hussein Fakhouri
- Univ Lyon
- Université Claude Bernard Lyon 1
- CNRS
- Institut Lumière Matière
- Lyon
| | - Martina Perić
- Center of Excellence for Science and Technology-Integration of Mediterranean Region (STIM) at Interdisciplinary Center for Advanced Sciences and Technology (ICAST)
- University of Split
- 21000 Split
- Croatia
| | - Franck Bertorelle
- Univ Lyon
- Université Claude Bernard Lyon 1
- CNRS
- Institut Lumière Matière
- Lyon
| | - Philippe Dugourd
- Univ Lyon
- Université Claude Bernard Lyon 1
- CNRS
- Institut Lumière Matière
- Lyon
| | - Xavier Dagany
- Univ Lyon
- Université Claude Bernard Lyon 1
- CNRS
- Institut Lumière Matière
- Lyon
| | | | | | - Vlasta Bonačić-Koutecký
- Center of Excellence for Science and Technology-Integration of Mediterranean Region (STIM) at Interdisciplinary Center for Advanced Sciences and Technology (ICAST)
- University of Split
- 21000 Split
- Croatia
- Chemistry Department
| | - Rodolphe Antoine
- Univ Lyon
- Université Claude Bernard Lyon 1
- CNRS
- Institut Lumière Matière
- Lyon
| |
Collapse
|
207
|
Li Y, Zhou M, Jin S, Xiong L, Yuan Q, Du W, Pei Y, Wang S, Zhu M. Total structural determination of [Au1Ag24(Dppm)3(SR)17]2+ comprising an open icosahedral Au1Ag12 core with six free valence electrons. Chem Commun (Camb) 2019; 55:6457-6460. [DOI: 10.1039/c9cc00767a] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/12/2023]
Abstract
Herein, we report the first silver-rich nanocluster containing an open icosahedral Au1Ag12 core.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Yangfeng Li
- Department of Chemistry and Centre for Atomic Engineering of Advanced Materials, Anhui Province Key Laboratory of Chemistry for Inorganic/Organic Hybrid Functionalized Materials
- Anhui University
- Hefei
- P. R. China
| | - Manman Zhou
- Department of Chemistry and Centre for Atomic Engineering of Advanced Materials, Anhui Province Key Laboratory of Chemistry for Inorganic/Organic Hybrid Functionalized Materials
- Anhui University
- Hefei
- P. R. China
| | - Shan Jin
- Institutes of Physical Science and Information Technology
- Anhui University
- Hefei
- P. R. China
| | - Lin Xiong
- Department of Chemistry
- Key Laboratory of Environmentally Friendly Chemistry and Applications of Ministry of Education
- Xiangtan University
- P. R. China
| | - Qianqin Yuan
- Department of Chemistry and Centre for Atomic Engineering of Advanced Materials, Anhui Province Key Laboratory of Chemistry for Inorganic/Organic Hybrid Functionalized Materials
- Anhui University
- Hefei
- P. R. China
| | - Wenjun Du
- Department of Chemistry and Centre for Atomic Engineering of Advanced Materials, Anhui Province Key Laboratory of Chemistry for Inorganic/Organic Hybrid Functionalized Materials
- Anhui University
- Hefei
- P. R. China
| | - Yong Pei
- Department of Chemistry
- Key Laboratory of Environmentally Friendly Chemistry and Applications of Ministry of Education
- Xiangtan University
- P. R. China
| | - Shuxin Wang
- Department of Chemistry and Centre for Atomic Engineering of Advanced Materials, Anhui Province Key Laboratory of Chemistry for Inorganic/Organic Hybrid Functionalized Materials
- Anhui University
- Hefei
- P. R. China
| | - Manzhou Zhu
- Department of Chemistry and Centre for Atomic Engineering of Advanced Materials, Anhui Province Key Laboratory of Chemistry for Inorganic/Organic Hybrid Functionalized Materials
- Anhui University
- Hefei
- P. R. China
- Institutes of Physical Science and Information Technology
| |
Collapse
|
208
|
Olesiak-Banska J, Waszkielewicz M, Obstarczyk P, Samoc M. Two-photon absorption and photoluminescence of colloidal gold nanoparticles and nanoclusters. Chem Soc Rev 2019; 48:4087-4117. [PMID: 31292567 DOI: 10.1039/c8cs00849c] [Citation(s) in RCA: 88] [Impact Index Per Article: 17.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/23/2022]
Abstract
This review provides a comprehensive description of nonlinear optical (NLO) properties of gold nanoparticles, which can be used in biological applications. The main focus is placed on two-photon absorption (2PA) and two-photon excited photoluminescence (2PEL) - the processes crucial for multiphoton microscopy, which allows deeper imaging of the material and causes less damage to the biological samples in comparison to conventional (one-photon) microscopy. We present the basics of 2PA measurement techniques and a summary of recent achievements in the understanding of multiphoton excitation and the resulting photoluminescence in gold nanoparticles, both plasmonic ones and small nanoclusters with molecule-like properties. The examples of 2PA applications in bioimaging are also presented, with a comment on future challenges and applications.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Joanna Olesiak-Banska
- Advanced Materials Engineering and Modelling Group, Wroclaw University of Science and Technology, Wybrzeze Wyspianskiego 27, 50-370 Wroclaw, Poland.
| | | | | | | |
Collapse
|
209
|
Yuan Q, Kang X, Hu D, Qin C, Wang S, Zhu M. Metal synergistic effect on cluster optical properties: based on Ag25 series nanoclusters. Dalton Trans 2019; 48:13190-13196. [DOI: 10.1039/c9dt02493j] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/05/2023]
Abstract
We found that the PL intensity of Ag series nanocluster could be controlled by the contraction/expansion of the free valence electrons.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Qianqin Yuan
- Department of Chemistry and Centre for Atomic Engineering of Advanced Materials
- Anhui Province Key Laboratory of Chemistry for Inorganic/Organic Hybrid Functionalized Materials
- Anhui University
- Hefei
- China
| | - Xi Kang
- Department of Chemistry and Centre for Atomic Engineering of Advanced Materials
- Anhui Province Key Laboratory of Chemistry for Inorganic/Organic Hybrid Functionalized Materials
- Anhui University
- Hefei
- China
| | - Daqiao Hu
- Department of Chemistry and Centre for Atomic Engineering of Advanced Materials
- Anhui Province Key Laboratory of Chemistry for Inorganic/Organic Hybrid Functionalized Materials
- Anhui University
- Hefei
- China
| | - Chenwanli Qin
- Department of Chemistry and Centre for Atomic Engineering of Advanced Materials
- Anhui Province Key Laboratory of Chemistry for Inorganic/Organic Hybrid Functionalized Materials
- Anhui University
- Hefei
- China
| | - Shuxin Wang
- Department of Chemistry and Centre for Atomic Engineering of Advanced Materials
- Anhui Province Key Laboratory of Chemistry for Inorganic/Organic Hybrid Functionalized Materials
- Anhui University
- Hefei
- China
| | - Manzhou Zhu
- Department of Chemistry and Centre for Atomic Engineering of Advanced Materials
- Anhui Province Key Laboratory of Chemistry for Inorganic/Organic Hybrid Functionalized Materials
- Anhui University
- Hefei
- China
| |
Collapse
|
210
|
Jana J, Aditya T, Pal T. Achievement of silver-directed enhanced photophysical properties of gold nanoclusters. NEW J CHEM 2019. [DOI: 10.1039/c9nj00977a] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/21/2022]
Abstract
Silver-induced enhanced fluorescence of gold nanoclusters through a facile green synthesis.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Jayasmita Jana
- Department of Chemistry
- Indian Institute of Technology
- Kharagpur-721302
- India
| | - Teresa Aditya
- Department of Chemistry
- Indian Institute of Technology
- Kharagpur-721302
- India
| | - Tarasankar Pal
- Department of Chemistry
- Indian Institute of Technology
- Kharagpur-721302
- India
| |
Collapse
|
211
|
Zhou W, Fang Y, Ren J, Dong S. DNA-templated silver and silver-based bimetallic clusters with remarkable and sequence-related catalytic activity toward 4-nitrophenol reduction. Chem Commun (Camb) 2019; 55:373-376. [DOI: 10.1039/c8cc08810a] [Citation(s) in RCA: 22] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/15/2022]
Abstract
Illustrative pathways for the preparation of bimetallic nanoclusters using DNA-AgNC, and a schematic representation of the reduction of 4-NP to 4-AP in the presence of DNA-AgNC or bimetallic nanoclusters.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Weijun Zhou
- State Key Laboratory of Electroanalytical Chemistry, Changchun Institute of Applied Chemistry, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Changchun
- Jilin
- P. R. China
- University of the Chinese Academy of Sciences
- Beijing
| | - Youxing Fang
- State Key Laboratory of Electroanalytical Chemistry, Changchun Institute of Applied Chemistry, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Changchun
- Jilin
- P. R. China
| | - Jiangtao Ren
- State Key Laboratory of Electroanalytical Chemistry, Changchun Institute of Applied Chemistry, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Changchun
- Jilin
- P. R. China
| | - Shaojun Dong
- State Key Laboratory of Electroanalytical Chemistry, Changchun Institute of Applied Chemistry, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Changchun
- Jilin
- P. R. China
- University of the Chinese Academy of Sciences
- Beijing
| |
Collapse
|
212
|
Kang X, Zhu M. Tailoring the photoluminescence of atomically precise nanoclusters. Chem Soc Rev 2019; 48:2422-2457. [PMID: 30838373 DOI: 10.1039/c8cs00800k] [Citation(s) in RCA: 506] [Impact Index Per Article: 101.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/12/2022]
Abstract
Due to their atomically precise structures and intriguing chemical/physical properties, metal nanoclusters are an emerging class of modular nanomaterials. Photo-luminescence (PL) is one of their most fascinating properties, due to the plethora of promising PL-based applications, such as chemical sensing, bio-imaging, cell labeling, phototherapy, drug delivery, and so on. However, the PL of most current nanoclusters is still unsatisfactory-the PL quantum yield (QY) is relatively low (generally lower than 20%), the emission lifetimes are generally in the nanosecond range, and the emitted color is always red (emission wavelengths of above 630 nm). To address these shortcomings, several strategies have been adopted, and are reviewed herein: capped-ligand engineering, metallic kernel alloying, aggregation-induced emission, self-assembly of nanocluster building blocks into cluster-based networks, and adjustments on external environment factors. We further review promising applications of these fluorescent nanoclusters, with particular focus on their potential to impact the fields of chemical sensing, bio-imaging, and bio-labeling. Finally, scope for improvements and future perspectives of these novel nanomaterials are highlighted as well. Our intended audience is the broader scientific community interested in the fluorescence of metal nanoclusters, and our review hopefully opens up new horizons for these scientists to manipulate PL properties of nanoclusters. This review is based on publications available up to December 2018.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Xi Kang
- Department of Chemistry and Centre for Atomic Engineering of Advanced Materials, Anhui University, Hefei, Anhui 230601, China.
| | | |
Collapse
|
213
|
van der Linden M, van Bunningen AJ, Amidani L, Bransen M, Elnaggar H, Glatzel P, Meijerink A, de Groot FMF. Single Au Atom Doping of Silver Nanoclusters. ACS NANO 2018; 12:12751-12760. [PMID: 30458110 PMCID: PMC6328285 DOI: 10.1021/acsnano.8b07807] [Citation(s) in RCA: 47] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/12/2018] [Accepted: 11/20/2018] [Indexed: 05/30/2023]
Abstract
Ag29 nanoclusters capped with lipoic acid (LA) can be doped with Au. The doped clusters show enhanced stability and increased luminescence efficiency. We attribute the higher quantum yield to an increase in the rate of radiative decay. With mass spectrometry, the Au-doped clusters were found to consist predominantly of Au1Ag28(LA)123-. The clusters were characterized using X-ray absorption spectroscopy at the Au L3-edge. Both the extended absorption fine structure (EXAFS) and the near edge structure (XANES) in combination with electronic structure calculations confirm that the Au dopant is preferentially located in the center of the cluster. A useful XANES spectrum can be recorded for lower concentrations, or in shorter time, than the more commonly used EXAFS. This makes XANES a valuable tool for structural characterization.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Marte van der Linden
- Inorganic Chemistry
and Catalysis, Debye Institute for Nanomaterials Science, Utrecht University, Universiteitslaan 99, 3584 CG Utrecht, The Netherlands
- European Synchrotron Radiation Facility, 71 Avenue des Martyrs, CS 40220, 38043 Grenoble, France
| | - Arnoldus J. van Bunningen
- Condensed Matter and Interfaces, Debye Institute for
Nanomaterials Science, Utrecht University, Princetonplein 1, 3584 CC Utrecht, The Netherlands
| | - Lucia Amidani
- European Synchrotron Radiation Facility, 71 Avenue des Martyrs, CS 40220, 38043 Grenoble, France
| | - Maarten Bransen
- Soft Condensed Matter, Debye Institute
for Nanomaterials Science, Utrecht University, Princetonplein 1, 3584 CC Utrecht, The Netherlands
| | - Hebatalla Elnaggar
- Inorganic Chemistry
and Catalysis, Debye Institute for Nanomaterials Science, Utrecht University, Universiteitslaan 99, 3584 CG Utrecht, The Netherlands
| | - Pieter Glatzel
- European Synchrotron Radiation Facility, 71 Avenue des Martyrs, CS 40220, 38043 Grenoble, France
| | - Andries Meijerink
- Condensed Matter and Interfaces, Debye Institute for
Nanomaterials Science, Utrecht University, Princetonplein 1, 3584 CC Utrecht, The Netherlands
| | - Frank M. F. de Groot
- Inorganic Chemistry
and Catalysis, Debye Institute for Nanomaterials Science, Utrecht University, Universiteitslaan 99, 3584 CG Utrecht, The Netherlands
| |
Collapse
|
214
|
Su H, Wang Y, Ren L, Yuan P, Teo BK, Lin S, Zheng L, Zheng N. Fractal Patterns in Nucleation and Growth of Icosahedral Core of [AunAg44–n(SC6H3F2)30]4– (n = 0–12) via ab Initio Synthesis: Continuously Tunable Composition Control. Inorg Chem 2018; 58:259-264. [DOI: 10.1021/acs.inorgchem.8b02249] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/02/2023]
Affiliation(s)
- Haifeng Su
- State Key Laboratory for Physical Chemistry of Solid Surfaces, Collaborative Innovation Center of Chemistry for Energy Materials, National & Local Joint Engineering Research Center of Preparation Technology of Nanomaterials, College of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Xiamen University, Xiamen 361005, China
| | - Yu Wang
- State Key Laboratory for Physical Chemistry of Solid Surfaces, Collaborative Innovation Center of Chemistry for Energy Materials, National & Local Joint Engineering Research Center of Preparation Technology of Nanomaterials, College of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Xiamen University, Xiamen 361005, China
| | - Liting Ren
- State Key Laboratory for Physical Chemistry of Solid Surfaces, Collaborative Innovation Center of Chemistry for Energy Materials, National & Local Joint Engineering Research Center of Preparation Technology of Nanomaterials, College of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Xiamen University, Xiamen 361005, China
| | - Peng Yuan
- State Key Laboratory for Physical Chemistry of Solid Surfaces, Collaborative Innovation Center of Chemistry for Energy Materials, National & Local Joint Engineering Research Center of Preparation Technology of Nanomaterials, College of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Xiamen University, Xiamen 361005, China
| | - Boon K. Teo
- State Key Laboratory for Physical Chemistry of Solid Surfaces, Collaborative Innovation Center of Chemistry for Energy Materials, National & Local Joint Engineering Research Center of Preparation Technology of Nanomaterials, College of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Xiamen University, Xiamen 361005, China
| | - Shuichao Lin
- State Key Laboratory for Physical Chemistry of Solid Surfaces, Collaborative Innovation Center of Chemistry for Energy Materials, National & Local Joint Engineering Research Center of Preparation Technology of Nanomaterials, College of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Xiamen University, Xiamen 361005, China
| | - Lansun Zheng
- State Key Laboratory for Physical Chemistry of Solid Surfaces, Collaborative Innovation Center of Chemistry for Energy Materials, National & Local Joint Engineering Research Center of Preparation Technology of Nanomaterials, College of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Xiamen University, Xiamen 361005, China
| | - Nanfeng Zheng
- State Key Laboratory for Physical Chemistry of Solid Surfaces, Collaborative Innovation Center of Chemistry for Energy Materials, National & Local Joint Engineering Research Center of Preparation Technology of Nanomaterials, College of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Xiamen University, Xiamen 361005, China
| |
Collapse
|
215
|
Li Y, Chen M, Wang S, Zhu M. Intramolecular Metal Exchange Reaction Promoted by Thiol Ligands. NANOMATERIALS 2018; 8:nano8121070. [PMID: 30572582 PMCID: PMC6316370 DOI: 10.3390/nano8121070] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/29/2018] [Revised: 12/13/2018] [Accepted: 12/13/2018] [Indexed: 12/28/2022]
Abstract
The synthesis of an alloy nanocluster that is atomically precise is the key to understanding the metal synergy effect at the atomic level. Using the Ag₂Au25(SR)18 nanocluster as a model, we reported a third approach for the metal exchange reaction, that is, intramolecular metal exchange. The surface adsorbed metal ions (i.e., Ag) can be exchanged with the kernel metal atoms (i.e., Au) that are promoted by thiol ligands. The exchanged gold atoms can be further stripped by the thiol ligands, and produce the AgxAu25-x(SR)18- nanocluster.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Yangfeng Li
- Department of Chemistry and Centre for Atomic Engineering of Advanced Materials, Anhui Province Key Laboratory of Chemistry for Inorganic/Organic Hybrid Functionalized Materials, Anhui University, Hefei 230601, Anhui, China.
| | - Man Chen
- Department of Chemistry and Centre for Atomic Engineering of Advanced Materials, Anhui Province Key Laboratory of Chemistry for Inorganic/Organic Hybrid Functionalized Materials, Anhui University, Hefei 230601, Anhui, China.
| | - Shuxin Wang
- Department of Chemistry and Centre for Atomic Engineering of Advanced Materials, Anhui Province Key Laboratory of Chemistry for Inorganic/Organic Hybrid Functionalized Materials, Anhui University, Hefei 230601, Anhui, China.
| | - Manzhou Zhu
- Department of Chemistry and Centre for Atomic Engineering of Advanced Materials, Anhui Province Key Laboratory of Chemistry for Inorganic/Organic Hybrid Functionalized Materials, Anhui University, Hefei 230601, Anhui, China.
| |
Collapse
|
216
|
Wang Z, Zhu Z, Zhao C, Yao Q, Li X, Liu H, Du F, Yuan X, Xie J. Silver Doping-Induced Luminescence Enhancement and Red-Shift of Gold Nanoclusters with Aggregation-Induced Emission. Chem Asian J 2018; 14:765-769. [PMID: 30468575 DOI: 10.1002/asia.201801624] [Citation(s) in RCA: 40] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/03/2018] [Indexed: 12/12/2022]
Abstract
A deep understanding on the luminescence property of aggregation-induced emission (AIE) featured metal nanoclusters (NCs) is highly desired. This paper reports a systematic study on enhancing the luminescence of AIE-featured Au NCs, which is achieved by Ag doping to engineer the size/structure and aggregation states of the AuI -thiolate motifs in the NC shell. Moreover, by prolonging the reaction time, the luminescence of the as-synthesized AuAg NCs could be further tailored from orange to red, which is also due to the variation of the AuI -thiolate motifs of NCs. This study can facilitate a better understanding of this AIE-featured luminescent probe and the design of other synthetic routes for this rising family of functional materials.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Ziping Wang
- School of Materials Science and Engineering, Qingdao University of Science and Technology, Qingdao, 266042, China.,Weifang University of Science and Technology, Shandong Peninsula Engineering Research Center of Comprehensive Brine Utilization, Weifang, 262700, P. R. China
| | - Zhiling Zhu
- School of Materials Science and Engineering, Qingdao University of Science and Technology, Qingdao, 266042, China
| | - Chengkun Zhao
- School of Materials Science and Engineering, Qingdao University of Science and Technology, Qingdao, 266042, China
| | - Qiaofeng Yao
- Department of Chemical and Biomolecular Engineering, National University of Singapore, 4 Engineering Drive 4, Singapore, 117585, Singapore
| | - Xiyou Li
- College of Science, China University of Petroleum (East China), Qingdao, 266580, P. R. China
| | - Heyuan Liu
- College of Science, China University of Petroleum (East China), Qingdao, 266580, P. R. China
| | - Fanglin Du
- School of Materials Science and Engineering, Qingdao University of Science and Technology, Qingdao, 266042, China
| | - Xun Yuan
- School of Materials Science and Engineering, Qingdao University of Science and Technology, Qingdao, 266042, China
| | - Jianping Xie
- Department of Chemical and Biomolecular Engineering, National University of Singapore, 4 Engineering Drive 4, Singapore, 117585, Singapore
| |
Collapse
|
217
|
Aikens CM. Electronic and Geometric Structure, Optical Properties, and Excited State Behavior in Atomically Precise Thiolate-Stabilized Noble Metal Nanoclusters. Acc Chem Res 2018; 51:3065-3073. [PMID: 30444598 DOI: 10.1021/acs.accounts.8b00364] [Citation(s) in RCA: 167] [Impact Index Per Article: 27.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/17/2022]
Abstract
Ligand-protected noble metal nanoclusters are of interest for their potential applications in areas such as bioimaging, catalysis, photocatalysis, and solar energy harvesting. These nanoclusters can be prepared with atomic precision, which means that their stoichiometries can be ascertained; the properties of these nanoclusters can vary significantly depending on the exact stoichiometry and geometric structure of the system. This leads to important questions such as: What are the general principles that underlie the physical properties of these nanoclusters? Do these principles hold for all systems? What properties can be "tuned" by varying the size and composition of the system? In this Account, we describe research that has been performed to analyze the electronic structure, linear optical absorption, and excited state dynamics of thiolate-stabilized noble metal nanoclusters. We focus primarily on two systems, Au25(SR)18- and Au38(SR)24, as models for understanding the principles underlying the electronic structure, optical properties, luminescence, and transient absorption in these systems. In these nanoclusters, the orbitals near the HOMO-LUMO gap primarily arise from atomic 6sp orbitals located on Au atoms in the gold core. The resulting nanocluster orbitals are delocalized throughout the core of these systems. Below the core-based orbitals lies a set of orbitals that are primarily composed of Au 5d and S 3p atomic orbitals from atoms located around the exterior gold-thiolate oligomer motifs. This set of orbitals has a higher density of states than the set arising from the core 6sp orbitals. Optical absorption peaks in the near-infrared and visible regions of the absorption spectrum arise from excitations between core orbitals (lowest energy peaks) and excitations from oligomer-based orbitals to core-based orbitals (higher energy peaks). Nanoclusters with different stoichiometries have varying gaps between the core orbitals themselves as well as between the band of oligomer-based orbitals and the band of core orbitals. These gaps can slow down nonradiative electron transfer between excited states that have different character; the excited state electron and hole dynamics depend on these gaps. Nanoclusters with different stoichiometries also exhibit different luminescence properties. Depending on factors that may include the symmetry of the system and the rigidity of the core, the nanocluster can undergo large or small nuclear changes upon photoexcitation, which affects the observed Stokes shift in these systems. This dependence on stoichiometry and composition suggests that the size and the corresponding geometry of the nanocluster is an important variable that can be used to tune the properties of interest. How does doping affect these principles? Replacement of gold atoms with silver atoms changes the energetics of the sp and d atomic orbitals that make up the nanocluster orbitals. Silver atoms have higher energy sp orbitals, and the resulting nanocluster orbitals are shifted in energy as well. This affects the HOMO-LUMO gap, the oscillator strength for transitions, the spacings between the different bands of orbitals, and, as a consequence, the Stokes shift and excited state dynamics of these systems. This suggests that nanocluster doping is one way to control and tune properties for use in potential applications.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Christine M. Aikens
- Department of Chemistry, Kansas State University, Manhattan, Kansas 66506, United States
| |
Collapse
|
218
|
Abstract
Atomically precise noble metal (mainly silver and gold) nanoclusters are an emerging category of promising functional materials for future applications in energy, sensing, catalysis, and nanoelectronics. These nanoclusters are protected by ligands such as thiols, phosphines, and hydride and have sizes between those of atoms and plasmonic nanoparticles. In metallurgy, the properties of a pure metal are modified by the addition of other metals, which often offers augmented characteristics, making them more utilizable for real-life applications. In this Account, we discuss how the incorporation of various metal atoms into existing protected nanoclusters tunes their structure and properties. The process of incorporating metals into an existing cluster is known as doping; the product is known as a doped cluster, and the incorporated metal atom is called a dopant/foreign atom. We first present a brief historical overview of protected clusters and the need for doping and explain (with examples) the difference between an "alloy" and a "doped" cluster, which are two frequently confused terms. We then discuss several commonly observed challenges in the synthesis of doped clusters: (i) doping produces a mixture of compositions that prevents the growth of single crystals; (ii) doping with foreign atoms sometimes changes the overall composition and structure of the parent cluster; and (iii) doping beyond a certain number of foreign atoms decomposes the doped cluster. After delineating the challenges, we review a few potential synthetic methods for doped clusters: (i) the co-reduction method, (ii) the galvanic exchange method, (iii) ligand-induced conversion of bimetallic clusters to doped clusters, and (iv) intercluster reactions. As a foreign atom is able to occupy different positions within the structure of the parent cluster, we examine the structural relationship between the parent clusters and their different foreign-atom-doped clusters. We then show how doping enhances the stability, luminescence, and catalytic properties of clusters. The enhancement factor highly depends on the number and nature of the foreign atoms, which can also alter the charge state of the parent cluster. Atomic-level doping of foreign atoms in the parent cluster is confirmed by high-resolution electrospray ionization and matrix-assisted laser desorption ionization mass spectrometry techniques and single-crystal X-ray diffraction methods. The photophysical properties of the doped clusters are investigated using both time-dependent and steady-state luminescence and optical absorption spectroscopies. After presenting an overview of atomic-level doping in metal clusters and demonstrating its importance for enriching the chemistry and photophysics of clusters and extending their applications, we conclude this Account with a brief perspective on the field's future.
Collapse
|
219
|
Xi XJ, Yang JS, Wang JY, Dong XY, Zang SQ. New stable isomorphous Ag 34 and Ag 33Au nanoclusters with an open shell electronic structure. NANOSCALE 2018; 10:21013-21018. [PMID: 30427029 DOI: 10.1039/c8nr07714b] [Citation(s) in RCA: 27] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/09/2023]
Abstract
A novel atom-precise 3-electron homosilver nanocluster (Ag34) has been assembled for the first time by the oxidation of a thiol. When adding AuPPh3Cl in the reaction, we obtained an alloyed Ag33Au nanocluster, which shares a similar framework as that of Ag34, in which a doping Au atom replaced a core silver atom. Notably, both Ag34 and alloyed Ag33Au demonstrated exceptional stability in solution and solid state over 3 months, which is difficult to explain by using the superatom model. Such Ag34 and Ag33Au complexes complement the nanoclusters with an open shell electronic structure and unveil a new approach to synthesize monodisperse nanoclusters under mild conditions.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Xiao-Juan Xi
- College of Chemistry and Molecular Engineering, Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou 450001, China.
| | | | | | | | | |
Collapse
|
220
|
Chicken egg white and L-cysteine as cooperative ligands for effective encapsulation of Zn-doped silver nanoclusters for sensing and imaging applications. Colloids Surf A Physicochem Eng Asp 2018. [DOI: 10.1016/j.colsurfa.2018.09.036] [Citation(s) in RCA: 23] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/19/2022]
|
221
|
Wang S, Li Q, Kang X, Zhu M. Customizing the Structure, Composition, and Properties of Alloy Nanoclusters by Metal Exchange. Acc Chem Res 2018; 51:2784-2792. [PMID: 30387990 DOI: 10.1021/acs.accounts.8b00327] [Citation(s) in RCA: 122] [Impact Index Per Article: 20.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/18/2022]
Abstract
The properties of metal materials can be greatly enriched by including various elements to generate alloys. The galvanic replacement represents a classical method for the preparation of both bulk- and nanoalloy materials. The difference of the electrochemical potential between the two metals acts as the driving force for the galvanic replacement reaction. However, this classical rule partially fails at the ultrasmall size scale, for that novel chemistry emerges by the decrease of the size of materials down to less than 3 nm due to the strong quantum effect. In this Account, we discuss an emerging topic of nanochemistry, the metal exchange in atomically precise ultrasmall (<3 nm) metal nanoparticles (or nanoclusters). The metal exchange method uses different types of metal sources (e.g., AuBrPPh3 or AgSR complexes) to react with templating metal nanoclusters (e.g., Au25(SR)18-), and finally alloy nanoclusters are produced. We demonstrate that the metal exchange reaction between metal nanoclusters and metal complexes does not follow the classical metal activity sequence (i.e., Fe > Cd > Co > Ni > Pb > Cu > Hg > Ag > Pd > Pt > Au) and such metal exchange reactions in the nanocluster range is, to a large extent, related with the electron shell closing and the structural stability of nanoclusters. In the subsequent sections, we present effective control over the number, position, and distribution of the dopants. The shape and structure of the final alloy products can be tailored by recently developed metal exchange methods. More importantly, modulation and enhancement of the properties of NCs through metal exchange are realized. For example, the largely increased quantum yield and the significantly improved catalytic activity. In addition, we shall also discuss the real-time characterization of the metal exchange reaction by the combination of UV-vis absorption spectroscopy, high resolution electrospray ionization mass spectrometry (ESI-MS), matrix assisted laser desorption ionization time-of-flight mass spectrometry (MALDI-TOF-MS), and single crystal X-ray diffraction (SC-XRD). By controlling the charge of the templating metal nanoclusters and the different types of metal complexes, the driving force of metal exchange has been studied, which is considered to be the thermodynamics rather than the electrochemical potential. In summary, the metal exchange reactions in the ultrasmall nanocluster range are totally different compared with the case of larger-sized metal nanoparticles. Depending on this novel method, atomically precise alloy nanoclusters can be prepared by reacting the nanocluster composed of inert metal (such as Au) with complexes of high-activity metals (e.g., Cd/Hg/Cu/Ag). We anticipate that future research on the metal exchange will contribute to the fundamental understanding of reaction behavior of metal atoms in ultrasmall nanoclusters and to the design of alloy nanoclusters with enhanced properties.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Shuxin Wang
- Department of Chemistry and Centre for Atomic Engineering of Advanced Materials, Anhui Province Key Laboratory of Chemistry for Inorganic/Organic Hybrid Functionalized Materials, Anhui University, Hefei, Anhui 230601, China
| | - Qi Li
- Department of Chemistry, Carnegie Mellon University, Pittsburgh, Pennsylvania 15213, United States
| | - Xi Kang
- Department of Chemistry and Centre for Atomic Engineering of Advanced Materials, Anhui Province Key Laboratory of Chemistry for Inorganic/Organic Hybrid Functionalized Materials, Anhui University, Hefei, Anhui 230601, China
| | - Manzhou Zhu
- Department of Chemistry and Centre for Atomic Engineering of Advanced Materials, Anhui Province Key Laboratory of Chemistry for Inorganic/Organic Hybrid Functionalized Materials, Anhui University, Hefei, Anhui 230601, China
| |
Collapse
|
222
|
Khatun E, Ghosh A, Chakraborty P, Singh P, Bodiuzzaman M, Ganesan P, Nataranjan G, Ghosh J, Pal SK, Pradeep T. A thirty-fold photoluminescence enhancement induced by secondary ligands in monolayer protected silver clusters. NANOSCALE 2018; 10:20033-20042. [PMID: 30351319 DOI: 10.1039/c8nr05989f] [Citation(s) in RCA: 48] [Impact Index Per Article: 8.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/08/2023]
Abstract
In this paper, we demonstrate that systematic replacement of the secondary ligand PPh3 leads to an enhancement in the near-infrared (NIR) photoluminescence (PL) of [Ag29(BDT)12(PPh3)4]3-. While the replacement of PPh3 with other monophosphines enhances luminescence slightly, the replacement with diphosphines of increasing chain length leads to a drastic PL enhancement, as high as 30 times compared to the parent cluster, [Ag29(BDT)12(PPh3)4]3-. Computational modeling suggests that the emission is a ligand to metal charge transfer (LMCT) which is affected by the nature of the secondary ligand. Control experiments with systematic replacement of the secondary ligand confirm its influence on the emission. The excited state dynamics shows this emission to be phosphorescent in nature which arises from the triplet excited state. This enhanced luminescence has been used to develop a prototypical O2 sensor. Moreover, a similar enhancement was also found for [Ag51(BDT)19(PPh3)3]3-. The work presents an easy approach to the PL enhancement of Ag clusters for various applications.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Esma Khatun
- DST Unit of Nanoscience (DST UNS) and Thematic Unit of Excellence, Department of Chemistry, Indian Institute of Technology Madras, Chennai 600036, India.
| | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | |
Collapse
|
223
|
Nair LV, Hossain S, Takagi S, Imai Y, Hu G, Wakayama S, Kumar B, Kurashige W, Jiang DE, Negishi Y. Hetero-biicosahedral [Au 24Pd(PPh 3) 10(SC 2H 4Ph) 5Cl 2] + nanocluster: selective synthesis and optical and electrochemical properties. NANOSCALE 2018; 10:18969-18979. [PMID: 30132774 DOI: 10.1039/c8nr04078h] [Citation(s) in RCA: 31] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/08/2023]
Abstract
A recent study implied that a hetero-biicosahedral 25-atom cluster composed of two kinds of icosahedral 13-atom clusters could serve as a molecular rectifier and dipole material. However, no hetero-biicosahedral 25-atom clusters containing three types of ligands, in this case, phosphines, halogens, and thiolates, have been reported. In this study, we selectively synthesized [Au24Pd(PPh3)10(SC2H4Ph)5Cl2]Cl (Au = gold, Pd = palladium, PPh3 = triphenylphosphine, SC2H4Ph = phenylethanethiolate, Cl = chloride), in which one Au was replaced with a Pd. The single-crystal X-ray structural analysis demonstrated that [Au24Pd(PPh3)10(SC2H4Ph)5Cl2]Cl was a hetero-biicosahedral 25-atom cluster in which the central atom of one icosahedral Au13 core was replaced by a Pd atom. Optical absorption spectroscopy suggested that the electronic structure of each individual icosahedral 13-atom core in [Au24Pd(PPh3)10(SC2H4Ph)5Cl2]+ was reasonably well maintained, similar to the case of [Au25(PPh3)10(SC2H4Ph)5Cl2]2+. Density functional theory calculation revealed that the peak splitting in the region below 2.2 eV of the optical absorption spectrum of [Au24Pd(PPh3)10(SC2H4Ph)5Cl2]+ is due to the splitting of HOMOs and also suggested that this cluster has dipole moment. Electrochemical measurements showed that [Au24Pd(PPh3)10(SC2H4Ph)5Cl2]+ was relatively stable to reduction. These results are expected to contribute to the development of molecular rectifiers and dipole materials based on hetero-biicosahedral 25-atom clusters.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Lakshmi V Nair
- Department of Applied Chemistry, Faculty of Science, Tokyo University of Science, 1-3 Kagurazaka, Shinjuku-ku, Tokyo 162-8601, Japan.
| | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | |
Collapse
|
224
|
Du Y, Guan ZJ, Wen ZR, Lin YM, Wang QM. Ligand-Controlled Doping Effects in Alloy Nanoclusters Au4
Ag23
and Au5
Ag24. Chemistry 2018; 24:16029-16035. [DOI: 10.1002/chem.201803683] [Citation(s) in RCA: 17] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/18/2018] [Revised: 08/26/2018] [Indexed: 02/02/2023]
Affiliation(s)
- Yang Du
- Department of Chemistry; College of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering; Xiamen University; Xiamen 361005 P. R. China
| | - Zong-Jie Guan
- Department of Chemistry; College of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering; Xiamen University; Xiamen 361005 P. R. China
| | - Zhao-Rui Wen
- Department of Chemistry; College of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering; Xiamen University; Xiamen 361005 P. R. China
| | - Yu-Mei Lin
- Department of Chemistry; College of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering; Xiamen University; Xiamen 361005 P. R. China
| | - Quan-Ming Wang
- Department of Chemistry; College of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering; Xiamen University; Xiamen 361005 P. R. China
- Department of Chemistry; Tsinghua University; Beijing 100084 P. R. China
| |
Collapse
|
225
|
Sharma S, Chakrahari KK, Saillard JY, Liu CW. Structurally Precise Dichalcogenolate-Protected Copper and Silver Superatomic Nanoclusters and Their Alloys. Acc Chem Res 2018; 51:2475-2483. [PMID: 30264984 DOI: 10.1021/acs.accounts.8b00349] [Citation(s) in RCA: 168] [Impact Index Per Article: 28.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/13/2022]
Abstract
The chalcogenolato silver and copper superatoms are currently a topic of cutting edge research besides the extensively studied Au n(SR) m clusters. Crystal structure analysis is an indispensable tool to gain deep insights into the anatomy of these sub-nanometer clusters. The metal framework and spatial arrangement of the chalcogenolates around the metal core assist in unravelling the structure-property relationships and fundamental mechanisms involved in their fabrication. In this Account, we discuss our contribution toward the development of dichalcogenolato Ag and Cu cluster chemistry covering their fabrication and precise molecular structures. Briefly introducing the significance of the single crystal structures of the atomically precise clusters, the novel dichalcogenolated two-electron superatomic copper and its alloy systems are presented first. The [Cu13{S2CNR}6{C≡CR'}4]+ is so far the first unique copper cluster having Cu13 centered cuboctahedra, which is a miniature of bulk fcc structure. The galvanic exchange of the central Cu with Ag or Au results in a similar anatomy of formed bimetallic [Au/Ag@Cu12(S2CN nBu2)6(C≡CPh)4][CuCl2] species. This is unique in the sense that other contemporary M13 cores in group 11 superatomic chemistry are compact icosahedra. The central doping of Ag or Au significantly affects the physiochemical properties of the bimetallic Cu-rich clusters. It is manifested in the dramatic quantum yield enhancement of the doped species [Au@Cu12(S2CN nBu2)6(C≡CPh)4]+ with a value of 0.59 at 77 K in 2-MeTHF. In the second part, the novel eight-electron dithiophosphate- and diselenophosphate-protected silver systems are presented. A completely different type of architecture was revealed for the first time from the successful structural determination of [Ag21{S2P(O iPr)2}12]+, [Ag20{S2P(O iPr)2}12] and [Au@Ag19{S2P(OPr)2}12]. They exhibit a nonhollow M13 (Ag or AuAg12) icosahedron, capped by 8 and 7 Ag atoms in the former and latter two species, respectively. The overall metal core units are protected by 12 dithiophosphate ligands and the metal-ligand interface structure was found to be quite different from that of Au n(SR) m. Notably, the [Ag20{S2P(O iPr)}12] cluster provides the first structural evidence of a silver superatom with a chiral metallic core. This chirality arises through the simple removal of one of capping Ag+ cations of [Ag21{S2P(O iPr)2}12]+ present on its C3 axis. Further, the effects of the ligand exchange on the structures of [Ag20{Se2P(O iPr)2}12], [Ag21{Se2P(OEt)2}12]+, and [AuAg20{Se2P(OEt)2}12]+ are studied extensively. The structure of the former species is similar to its dithiophosphate counterpart ( C3 symmetry). The latter two ( T symmetry) differ in the arrangement of 8 capping Ag atoms, as they form a cube engraving the Ag13 (AuAg12) icosahedron. The blue shifts in absorption spectra and photoluminescence further indicate the strong influence of the central Au atom in the doped clusters. Finally, the first paradigm of unusual heteroatom doping induced size-structure transformations is discussed by presenting the case of formation of [Au3Ag18{Se2P(O iPr)2}12]+ upon Au doping into [Ag20{Se2P(O iPr)2}12]0. Finally, before concluding this Account, we discuss the possibility of many unique structural isomers with different physical properties for the aforementioned Ag superatoms which need to be explored extensively in the future.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Sachil Sharma
- Department of Chemistry, National Dong Hwa University, Hualien 97401, Taiwan (R.O.C.)
| | - Kiran Kumarvarma Chakrahari
- Department of Chemistry, National Dong Hwa University, Hualien 97401, Taiwan (R.O.C.)
- Department of Chemistry, SRM Institute of Science and Technology, Kattankulathur 603203, India
| | | | - C. W. Liu
- Department of Chemistry, National Dong Hwa University, Hualien 97401, Taiwan (R.O.C.)
| |
Collapse
|
226
|
Ultrabright gold-silver bimetallic nanoclusters: synthesis and their potential application in cysteine sensing. Colloids Surf A Physicochem Eng Asp 2018. [DOI: 10.1016/j.colsurfa.2018.07.038] [Citation(s) in RCA: 16] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/30/2022]
|
227
|
Xu J, Shang L. Emerging applications of near-infrared fluorescent metal nanoclusters for biological imaging. CHINESE CHEM LETT 2018. [DOI: 10.1016/j.cclet.2017.12.020] [Citation(s) in RCA: 39] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/18/2022]
|
228
|
Qi J, Chen C, Ding D, Tang BZ. Aggregation-Induced Emission Luminogens: Union Is Strength, Gathering Illuminates Healthcare. Adv Healthc Mater 2018; 7:e1800477. [PMID: 29969201 DOI: 10.1002/adhm.201800477] [Citation(s) in RCA: 87] [Impact Index Per Article: 14.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/02/2018] [Revised: 06/06/2018] [Indexed: 12/13/2022]
Abstract
The rapid development of healthcare techniques encourages the emergence of new molecular imaging agents and modalities. Fluorescence imaging that enables precise monitoring and detection of biological processes/diseases is extensively investigated as this imaging technique has strengths in terms of high sensitivity, excellent temporal resolution, low cost, and good safety. Aggregation-induced emission luminogens (AIEgens) have recently emerged as a new class of emitters that possess several notable features, such as high brightness, large Stokes shift, marked photostability, good biocompatibility, and so on. So far, AIEgens are widely explored and exhibit superb performance in the area of biomedicine and life sciences. Herein, this review summarizes and discusses the recent investigations of AIEgens for in vivo diagnosis and therapy including long-term tracking, 3D angiography, multimodality imaging, disease theranostics, and activatable sensing. Collectively, these results reveal that AIEgens are of great promise for in vivo biomedical applications. It is hoped that this review will lead to new insights into the development of advanced healthcare materials.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Ji Qi
- Department of Chemistry; Hong Kong Branch of Chinese National Engineering Research Center for Tissue Restoration and Reconstruction; Division of Life Science; State Key Laboratory of Molecular Neuroscience; Institute for Advanced Study, and Institute of Molecular Functional Materials; The Hong Kong University of Science and Technology; Clear Water Bay Kowloon Hong Kong China
| | - Chao Chen
- State Key Laboratory of Medicinal Chemical Biology; Key Laboratory of Bioactive Materials; Ministry of Education, and College of Life Sciences; Nankai University; Tianjin 300071 China
| | - Dan Ding
- State Key Laboratory of Medicinal Chemical Biology; Key Laboratory of Bioactive Materials; Ministry of Education, and College of Life Sciences; Nankai University; Tianjin 300071 China
| | - Ben Zhong Tang
- Department of Chemistry; Hong Kong Branch of Chinese National Engineering Research Center for Tissue Restoration and Reconstruction; Division of Life Science; State Key Laboratory of Molecular Neuroscience; Institute for Advanced Study, and Institute of Molecular Functional Materials; The Hong Kong University of Science and Technology; Clear Water Bay Kowloon Hong Kong China
- NSFC Center for Luminescence from Molecular Aggregates; SCUT-HKUST Joint Research Institute; State Key Laboratory of Luminescent Materials and Devices; South China University of Technology; Guangzhou 510640 China
| |
Collapse
|
229
|
|
230
|
Song Y, Lambright K, Zhou M, Kirschbaum K, Xiang J, Xia A, Zhu M, Jin R. Large-Scale Synthesis, Crystal Structure, and Optical Properties of the Ag 146Br 2(SR) 80 Nanocluster. ACS NANO 2018; 12:9318-9325. [PMID: 30114922 DOI: 10.1021/acsnano.8b04233] [Citation(s) in RCA: 53] [Impact Index Per Article: 8.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/08/2023]
Abstract
Solving the atomic structure of large-sized metal nanoclusters is a highly challenging task yet critically important for understanding the properties and developing applications. Herein, we report a stable silver nanocluster-Ag146Br2(SR)80 (where SR = 4-isopropylbenzenethiolate)-with its structure solved by X-ray crystallography. Gram-scale synthesis with high yield has been achieved by a one-pot reaction, which offers opportunities for functionalization and applications. This silver nanocluster possesses a core-shell structure with a Ag51 core surrounded by a shell of Ag95Br2S80. The Ag51 core can be viewed as a distorted decahedron, endowing this nanocluster with quantized electronic transitions. In the surface-protecting layer, five different types of S-Ag coordination modes are observed, ranging from the linear Ag-S-Ag to S-Ag3 (triangle) and S-Ag4 (square). Furthermore, temperature-dependent optical absorption and ultrafast electron dynamics are conducted to explore the relationship between the properties and structure, demonstrating that the distorted metal core and "flying saucer"-like shape of this nanocluster have significant effects on the electronic behavior. A comparison with multiple sizes of Ag nanoclusters also provides some insights into the evolution from molecular to metallic behavior.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Yongbo Song
- Department of Chemistry and Center for Atomic Engineering of Advanced Materials , Anhui University , Hefei , Anhui 230601 , China
- Department of Chemistry , Carnegie Mellon University , Pittsburgh , Pennsylvania 15213 , United States
| | - Kelly Lambright
- Department of Chemistry and Biochemistry , University of Toledo , Toledo , Ohio 43606 , United States
| | - Meng Zhou
- Department of Chemistry , Carnegie Mellon University , Pittsburgh , Pennsylvania 15213 , United States
| | - Kristin Kirschbaum
- Department of Chemistry and Biochemistry , University of Toledo , Toledo , Ohio 43606 , United States
| | - Ji Xiang
- Department of Chemistry and Center for Atomic Engineering of Advanced Materials , Anhui University , Hefei , Anhui 230601 , China
| | - Andong Xia
- Beijing National Laboratory for Molecular Sciences (BNLMS), Key Laboratory of Photochemistry, Institute of Chemistry , Chinese Academy of Sciences , Beijing 100190 , China
| | - Manzhou Zhu
- Department of Chemistry and Center for Atomic Engineering of Advanced Materials , Anhui University , Hefei , Anhui 230601 , China
| | - Rongchao Jin
- Department of Chemistry , Carnegie Mellon University , Pittsburgh , Pennsylvania 15213 , United States
| |
Collapse
|
231
|
Yang QZ, Zheng MJ, Zou HH, Wang HL, Liu DC, Liu YC, Liang FP. Structure and Magnetic Properties of a 3d–4f-Doped Hexagonal Heterometallic Cluster. J CLUST SCI 2018. [DOI: 10.1007/s10876-018-1455-6] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/28/2022]
|
232
|
A Family of
$$\left\{ {{\text{Ni}}^{\text{II}}_{2} {\text{Ln}}^{\text{III}}_{2} } \right\}$$
Ni
2
II
Ln
2
III
Butterfly Complexes: Lanthanide Contraction Effect on the Structures Magnetic Properties. J CLUST SCI 2018. [DOI: 10.1007/s10876-018-1447-6] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/28/2022]
|
233
|
Chang WT, Sharma S, Liao JH, Kahlal S, Liu YC, Chiang MH, Saillard JY, Liu CW. Heteroatom-Doping Increases Cluster Nuclearity: From an [Ag20
] to an [Au3
Ag18
] Core. Chemistry 2018; 24:14352-14357. [DOI: 10.1002/chem.201802679] [Citation(s) in RCA: 25] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/27/2018] [Revised: 07/01/2018] [Indexed: 01/08/2023]
Affiliation(s)
- Wan-Ting Chang
- Department of Chemistry; National Dong Hwa University; No.1, Sec. 2, Da Hsueh Rd. Shoufeng Hualien 97401 Taiwan R.O.C
| | - Sachil Sharma
- Department of Chemistry; National Dong Hwa University; No.1, Sec. 2, Da Hsueh Rd. Shoufeng Hualien 97401 Taiwan R.O.C
| | - Jian-Hong Liao
- Department of Chemistry; National Dong Hwa University; No.1, Sec. 2, Da Hsueh Rd. Shoufeng Hualien 97401 Taiwan R.O.C
| | - Samia Kahlal
- University of Rennes; CNRS, ISCR-UMR 6226; 35000 Rennes France
| | - Yu-Chiao Liu
- Institute of Chemistry; Academia Sinica; Taipei 115 Taiwan R.O.C
| | - Ming-Hsi Chiang
- Institute of Chemistry; Academia Sinica; Taipei 115 Taiwan R.O.C
| | | | - C. W. Liu
- Department of Chemistry; National Dong Hwa University; No.1, Sec. 2, Da Hsueh Rd. Shoufeng Hualien 97401 Taiwan R.O.C
| |
Collapse
|
234
|
Li S, Wang ZY, Gao GG, Li B, Luo P, Kong YJ, Liu H, Zang SQ. Smart Transformation of a Polyhedral Oligomeric Silsesquioxane Shell Controlled by Thiolate Silver(I) Nanocluster Core in Cluster@Clusters Dendrimers. Angew Chem Int Ed Engl 2018. [DOI: 10.1002/ange.201807548] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/08/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Si Li
- College of Chemistry and Molecular Engineering; Zhengzhou University; Zhengzhou 450001 China
| | - Zhao-Yang Wang
- College of Chemistry and Molecular Engineering; Zhengzhou University; Zhengzhou 450001 China
| | - Guang-Gang Gao
- School of Materials Science and Engineering; University of Jinan; Jinan 250022 China
| | - Bing Li
- College of Chemistry and Molecular Engineering; Zhengzhou University; Zhengzhou 450001 China
| | - Peng Luo
- College of Chemistry and Molecular Engineering; Zhengzhou University; Zhengzhou 450001 China
| | - Yu-Jin Kong
- College of Chemistry and Molecular Engineering; Zhengzhou University; Zhengzhou 450001 China
| | - Hong Liu
- School of Materials Science and Engineering; University of Jinan; Jinan 250022 China
| | - Shuang-Quan Zang
- College of Chemistry and Molecular Engineering; Zhengzhou University; Zhengzhou 450001 China
| |
Collapse
|
235
|
Li S, Wang ZY, Gao GG, Li B, Luo P, Kong YJ, Liu H, Zang SQ. Smart Transformation of a Polyhedral Oligomeric Silsesquioxane Shell Controlled by Thiolate Silver(I) Nanocluster Core in Cluster@Clusters Dendrimers. Angew Chem Int Ed Engl 2018; 57:12775-12779. [DOI: 10.1002/anie.201807548] [Citation(s) in RCA: 49] [Impact Index Per Article: 8.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/02/2018] [Revised: 08/07/2018] [Indexed: 12/24/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Si Li
- College of Chemistry and Molecular Engineering; Zhengzhou University; Zhengzhou 450001 China
| | - Zhao-Yang Wang
- College of Chemistry and Molecular Engineering; Zhengzhou University; Zhengzhou 450001 China
| | - Guang-Gang Gao
- School of Materials Science and Engineering; University of Jinan; Jinan 250022 China
| | - Bing Li
- College of Chemistry and Molecular Engineering; Zhengzhou University; Zhengzhou 450001 China
| | - Peng Luo
- College of Chemistry and Molecular Engineering; Zhengzhou University; Zhengzhou 450001 China
| | - Yu-Jin Kong
- College of Chemistry and Molecular Engineering; Zhengzhou University; Zhengzhou 450001 China
| | - Hong Liu
- School of Materials Science and Engineering; University of Jinan; Jinan 250022 China
| | - Shuang-Quan Zang
- College of Chemistry and Molecular Engineering; Zhengzhou University; Zhengzhou 450001 China
| |
Collapse
|
236
|
Yu X, Liu J, Li HW, Wu Y. A two-stage assembly with PEI induced emission enhancement of Au-AgNCs@AMP and the intrinsic mechanism. NANOSCALE 2018; 10:14563-14569. [PMID: 30024588 DOI: 10.1039/c8nr03720e] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/08/2023]
Abstract
Recently, aggregation-induced emission (AIE) properties have been revealed for some metal nanoclusters (NCs), providing a new approach to improve the quantum yields (QY). In the present study, a two-stage assembly was carried out between adenosine monophosphate capped bimetallic nanoclusters of gold and silver (Au-AgNCs@AMP) and polyethylenimine (PEI), in which the QY was improved from 8.64% to 25.02%, showing obvious assembly induced emission enhancement (AIEE) properties. The intrinsic mechanisms of the assembly and emission enhancement in two stages were studied in depth, which indicated that the electrostatic interaction between the phosphate group in AMP and the amino group in PEI restricted the intramolecular vibration and rotation of capping ligands, and reduced the non-radiative relaxation of the corresponding excited states in stage I; in stage II, the micellization of PEI at high concentration pushed the NCs into a less polar environment and greatly enhanced the metal-metal interaction between them, which facilitated the excited state relaxation dynamics via a radiative pathway. Therefore, the luminescence enhancement depended on the assembly process in two stages directly. The present study is beneficial to understand the AIEE mechanism and the design principles, which will expand the applications of metal NCs.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Xu Yu
- State Key Laboratory of Supramolecular Structure and Materials, Institute of Theoretical Chemistry, Jilin University, No. 2699 Qianjin Street, Changchun 130012, China.
| | | | | | | |
Collapse
|
237
|
Wang T, Ma H, Padelford JW, Lobo E, Tran MT, Zhao F, Fang N, Wang G. Metal ions-modulated near-infrared electrochemiluminescence from Au nanoclusters enhanced by 4-(2-Hydroxyethyl)-1-piperazineethanesulfonic acid at physiological pH. Electrochim Acta 2018. [DOI: 10.1016/j.electacta.2018.06.067] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/17/2022]
|
238
|
Nasaruddin RR, Chen T, Yan N, Xie J. Roles of thiolate ligands in the synthesis, properties and catalytic application of gold nanoclusters. Coord Chem Rev 2018. [DOI: 10.1016/j.ccr.2018.04.016] [Citation(s) in RCA: 130] [Impact Index Per Article: 21.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/14/2022]
|
239
|
Jiang X, Du B, Huang Y, Zheng J. Ultrasmall Noble Metal Nanoparticles: Breakthroughs and Biomedical Implications. NANO TODAY 2018; 21:106-125. [PMID: 31327979 PMCID: PMC6640873 DOI: 10.1016/j.nantod.2018.06.006] [Citation(s) in RCA: 99] [Impact Index Per Article: 16.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/03/2023]
Abstract
As a bridge between individual atoms and large plasmonic nanoparticles, ultrasmall (core size <3 nm) noble metal nanoparticles (UNMNPs) have been serving as model for us to fundamentally understand many unique properties of noble metals that can only be observed at an extremely small size scale. With decades'efforts, many significant breakthroughs in the synthesis, characterization and functionalization of UNMNPs have laid down a solid foundation for their future applications in the healthcare. In this review, we aim to tightly correlate these breakthroughs with their biomedical applications and illustrate how to utilize these breakthroughs to address long-standing challenges in the clinical translation of nanomedicines. In the end, we offer our perspective on the remaining challenges and opportunities at the frontier of biomedical-related UNMNPs research.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Xingya Jiang
- Department of Chemistry and Biochemistry, The University of Texas at Dallas, 800 West Campbell Road, Richardson, Texas 75080, USA
| | - Bujie Du
- Department of Chemistry and Biochemistry, The University of Texas at Dallas, 800 West Campbell Road, Richardson, Texas 75080, USA
| | - Yingyu Huang
- Department of Chemistry and Biochemistry, The University of Texas at Dallas, 800 West Campbell Road, Richardson, Texas 75080, USA
| | - Jie Zheng
- Department of Chemistry and Biochemistry, The University of Texas at Dallas, 800 West Campbell Road, Richardson, Texas 75080, USA
| |
Collapse
|
240
|
So WY, Li Q, Legaspi CM, Redler B, Koe KM, Jin R, Peteanu LA. Mechanism of Ligand-Controlled Emission in Silicon Nanoparticles. ACS NANO 2018; 12:7232-7238. [PMID: 29812906 DOI: 10.1021/acsnano.8b03273] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/08/2023]
Abstract
Although bulk silicon (Si) is known to be a poor emitter, Si nanoparticles (NPs) exhibit size-dependent photoluminescence in the red or near-infrared due to quantum confinement. Recently, it has been shown that surface modification of Si NPs with nitrogen-capped ligands results in bluer emission wavelengths and quantum yields of up to 90%. However, the emission mechanism operating in these surface-modified Si NPs and the factors that determine their emission maxima are still unclear. Here, the emission in these species is shown to arise from a charge-transfer state between the Si surface and the ligand. The energy of this state is linearly correlated to the calculated ground-state dipole moment of the free ligand. This trend can be used in a predictive fashion for the design and synthesis of Si NPs with a broader range of emission wavelengths.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Woong Young So
- Department of Chemistry , Carnegie Mellon University , Pittsburgh , PA 15213 , United States
| | - Qi Li
- Department of Chemistry , Carnegie Mellon University , Pittsburgh , PA 15213 , United States
| | - Christian M Legaspi
- Department of Chemistry , Carnegie Mellon University , Pittsburgh , PA 15213 , United States
| | - Brendan Redler
- Department of Biological Sciences , Carnegie Mellon University , Pittsburgh , PA 15213 , United States
| | - Krystle M Koe
- Department of Chemistry , Carnegie Mellon University , Pittsburgh , PA 15213 , United States
| | - Rongchao Jin
- Department of Chemistry , Carnegie Mellon University , Pittsburgh , PA 15213 , United States
| | - Linda A Peteanu
- Department of Chemistry , Carnegie Mellon University , Pittsburgh , PA 15213 , United States
| |
Collapse
|
241
|
Xie XY, Xiao P, Cao X, Fang WH, Cui G, Dolg M. The Origin of the Photoluminescence Enhancement of Gold-Doped Silver Nanoclusters: The Importance of Relativistic Effects and Heteronuclear Gold-Silver Bonds. Angew Chem Int Ed Engl 2018; 57:9965-9969. [PMID: 29786934 DOI: 10.1002/anie.201803683] [Citation(s) in RCA: 32] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/27/2018] [Revised: 05/11/2018] [Indexed: 01/19/2023]
Abstract
The weak photoluminescence of silver nanoclusters prevents their broad application as luminescent nanomaterials. Recent experiments, however, have shown that gold doping can significantly enhance the photoluminescence intensity of Ag29 nanoclusters but the molecular and physical origins of this effect remain unknown. Therefore, we have computationally explored the geometric and electronic structures of Ag29 and gold-doped Ag29-x Aux (x=1-5) nanoclusters in the S0 and S1 states. We found that 1) relativistic effects that are mainly due to the Au atoms play an important role in enhancing the fluorescence intensity, especially for highly doped Ag26 Au3 , Ag25 Au4 , and Ag24 Au5 , and that 2) heteronuclear Au-Ag bonds can increase the stability and regulate the fluorescence intensity of isomers of these gold-doped nanoclusters. These novel findings could help design doped silver nanoclusters with excellent luminescence properties.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Xiao-Ying Xie
- Key Laboratory of Theoretical and Computational Photochemistry, Ministry of Education, College of Chemistry, Beijing Normal University, Beijing, 100875, China
| | - Pin Xiao
- Key Laboratory of Theoretical and Computational Photochemistry, Ministry of Education, College of Chemistry, Beijing Normal University, Beijing, 100875, China
| | - Xiaoyan Cao
- Institut für Theoretische Chemie, Universität zu Köln, Greinstr. 4, 50939, Köln, Germany
| | - Wei-Hai Fang
- Key Laboratory of Theoretical and Computational Photochemistry, Ministry of Education, College of Chemistry, Beijing Normal University, Beijing, 100875, China
| | - Ganglong Cui
- Key Laboratory of Theoretical and Computational Photochemistry, Ministry of Education, College of Chemistry, Beijing Normal University, Beijing, 100875, China
| | - Michael Dolg
- Institut für Theoretische Chemie, Universität zu Köln, Greinstr. 4, 50939, Köln, Germany
| |
Collapse
|
242
|
Xie XY, Xiao P, Cao X, Fang WH, Cui G, Dolg M. Ursache der Photolumineszenzverstärkung in Gold-dotierten Silber-Nanoclustern: Beiträge relativistischer Effekte und heteronuklearer Gold-Silber-Bindungen. Angew Chem Int Ed Engl 2018. [DOI: 10.1002/ange.201803683] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/01/2023]
Affiliation(s)
- Xiao-Ying Xie
- Key Laboratory of Theoretical and Computational Photochemistry; Ministry of Education; College of Chemistry; Beijing Normal University; Beijing 100875 China
| | - Pin Xiao
- Key Laboratory of Theoretical and Computational Photochemistry; Ministry of Education; College of Chemistry; Beijing Normal University; Beijing 100875 China
| | - Xiaoyan Cao
- Institut für Theoretische Chemie; Universität zu Köln; Greinstraße 4 50939 Köln Germany
| | - Wei-Hai Fang
- Key Laboratory of Theoretical and Computational Photochemistry; Ministry of Education; College of Chemistry; Beijing Normal University; Beijing 100875 China
| | - Ganglong Cui
- Key Laboratory of Theoretical and Computational Photochemistry; Ministry of Education; College of Chemistry; Beijing Normal University; Beijing 100875 China
| | - Michael Dolg
- Institut für Theoretische Chemie; Universität zu Köln; Greinstraße 4 50939 Köln Germany
| |
Collapse
|
243
|
Conn BE, Bhattarai B, Atnagulov A, Yoon B, Landman U, Bigioni TP. M4Au 12Ag 32( p-MBA) 30 ( M = Na, Cs) bimetallic monolayer-protected clusters: synthesis and structure. Acta Crystallogr E Crystallogr Commun 2018. [PMID: 30002900 DOI: 10.1021/acs.jpcc.8b03372] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/01/2023]
Abstract
Crystals of M4Au12Ag32(p-MBA)30 bimetallic monolayer-protected clusters (MPCs), where p-MBA is p-mercapto-benzoic acid and M+ is a counter-cation (M = Na, Cs) have been grown and their structure determined. The mol-ecular structure of triacontakis[(4-carboxylatophenyl)sulfanido]dodecagolddotriacontasilver, Au12Ag32(C7H5O2S)30 or C210H150Ag32Au12O60S30, exhib-its point group symmetry at 100 K. The overall diameter of the MPC is approximately 28 Å, while the diameter of the Au12Ag20 metallic core is 9 Å. The structure displays ligand bundling and inter-molecular hydrogen bonding, which gives rise to a framework structure with 52% solvent-filled void space. The positions of the M+ cations and the DMF solvent mol-ecules within the void space of the crystal could not be determined. Three out of the five crystallographically independent ligands in the asymmetric unit cell are disordered over two sets of sites. Comparisons are made to the all-silver M4Ag44(p-MBA)30 MPCs and to expectations based on density functional theory.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Brian E Conn
- Department of Chemistry, University of Toledo, Toledo, Ohio 43606, USA
| | - Badri Bhattarai
- Department of Chemistry, University of Toledo, Toledo, Ohio 43606, USA
| | - Aydar Atnagulov
- Department of Chemistry, University of Toledo, Toledo, Ohio 43606, USA
| | - Bokwon Yoon
- School of Physics, Georgia Institute of Technology, Atlanta, Georgia 30332 0430, USA
| | - Uzi Landman
- School of Physics, Georgia Institute of Technology, Atlanta, Georgia 30332 0430, USA
| | - Terry P Bigioni
- Department of Chemistry, University of Toledo, Toledo, Ohio 43606, USA
| |
Collapse
|
244
|
Kang X, Chong H, Zhu M. Au 25(SR) 18: the captain of the great nanocluster ship. NANOSCALE 2018; 10:10758-10834. [PMID: 29873658 DOI: 10.1039/c8nr02973c] [Citation(s) in RCA: 180] [Impact Index Per Article: 30.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/20/2023]
Abstract
Noble metal nanoclusters are in the intermediate state between discrete atoms and plasmonic nanoparticles and are of significance due to their atomically accurate structures, intriguing properties, and great potential for applications in various fields. In addition, the size-dependent properties of nanoclusters construct a platform for thoroughly researching the structure (composition)-property correlations, which is favorable for obtaining novel nanomaterials with enhanced physicochemical properties. Thus far, more than 100 species of nanoclusters (mono-metallic Au or Ag nanoclusters, and bi- or tri-metallic alloy nanoclusters) with crystal structures have been reported. Among these nanoclusters, Au25(SR)18-the brightest molecular star in the nanocluster field-is capable of revealing the past developments and prospecting the future of the nanoclusters. Since being successfully synthesized (in 1998, with a 20-year history) and structurally determined (in 2008, with a 10-year history), Au25(SR)18 has stimulated the interest of chemists as well as material scientists, due to the early discovery, easy preparation, high stability, and easy functionalization and application of this molecular star. In this review, the preparation methods, crystal structures, physicochemical properties, and practical applications of Au25(SR)18 are summarized. The properties of Au25(SR)18 range from optics and chirality to magnetism and electrochemistry, and the property-oriented applications include catalysis, chemical imaging, sensing, biological labeling, biomedicine and beyond. Furthermore, the research progress on the Ag-based M25(SR)18 counterpart (i.e., Ag25(SR)18) is included in this review due to its homologous composition, construction and optical absorption to its gold-counterpart Au25(SR)18. Moreover, the alloying methods, metal-exchange sites and property alternations based on the templated Au25(SR)18 are highlighted. Finally, some perspectives and challenges for the future research of the Au25(SR)18 nanocluster are proposed (also holding true for all members in the nanocluster field). This review is directed toward the broader scientific community interested in the metal nanocluster field, and hopefully opens up new horizons for scientists studying nanomaterials. This review is based on the publications available up to March 2018.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Xi Kang
- Department of Chemistry and Center for Atomic Engineering of Advanced Materials, Institute of Physical Science and Information Technology and AnHui Province Key Laboratory of Chemistry for Inorganic/Organic Hybrid Functionalized Materials, Anhui University, Hefei, Anhui 230601, P. R. China.
| | | | | |
Collapse
|
245
|
Xu N, Meng L, Li HW, Lu DY, Wu Y. Polyethyleneimine capped bimetallic Au/Pt nanoclusters are a viable fluorescent probe for specific recognition of chlortetracycline among other tetracycline antibiotics. Mikrochim Acta 2018; 185:294. [PMID: 29752570 DOI: 10.1007/s00604-018-2828-0] [Citation(s) in RCA: 28] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/14/2018] [Accepted: 04/29/2018] [Indexed: 11/28/2022]
Abstract
A highly selective method has been developed for the fluorometric determination of chlortetracycline (CTC) among other tetracycline antibiotics (TCs). It is making use of fluorescent Au/Pt nanoclusters (NCs) capped with polyethyleneimine (Au/PtNCs@PEI). The nanoprobe, with a green emission peaking at 512 nm, was synthesized by an environmentally friendly hydrothermal method. The capped NCs have a large Stokes shift (∼150 nm), are insensitive to extreme pH values and high ionic strength, and are excellently photostable under UV irradiation. In the presence of CTC, the fluorescence of the capped NCs is quenched due to aggregation. The effect is also found for tetracycline, oxytetracycline and doxycycline. This shows that sensitive but non-selective detection of such TCs is possible. However, CTC is specifically complexed by Al(III) ions, and this generates a strong fluorescence peaking at 520 nm even though the fluorescence of the capped NCs is fully quenched. Obviously, the effects are caused by CTC only, and this enables CTC to be specifically recognized by an "on-off-on" strategy. Fluorescence increases linearly in the 0.5 to 10 μM CTC concentration range, and the limit of detection is 0.35 μM. The method was successfully applied to the determination of CTC in (spiked) milk, and the recoveries suggest that this fluorescent probe is an effective tool for detecting CTC in foodstuff. Graphical abstract Schematic illustration and photographic images of the luminescence quenching response of Au/Pt nanoclusters (Au/PtNCs) toward chlortetracycline (CTC) (from on to off), and then the recovery upon Al3+ addition (from off to on).
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Na Xu
- State Key Laboratory of Supramolecular Structure and Materials, Institute of Theoretical Chemistry, Jilin University, Changchun, 130012, China.,College of Materials Science and Engineering, Jilin Institute of Chemical Technology, Jilin, 132022, China
| | - Lei Meng
- State Key Laboratory of Supramolecular Structure and Materials, Institute of Theoretical Chemistry, Jilin University, Changchun, 130012, China.,College of Materials Science and Engineering, Jilin Institute of Chemical Technology, Jilin, 132022, China
| | - Hong-Wei Li
- State Key Laboratory of Supramolecular Structure and Materials, Institute of Theoretical Chemistry, Jilin University, Changchun, 130012, China
| | - Da-Yong Lu
- College of Materials Science and Engineering, Jilin Institute of Chemical Technology, Jilin, 132022, China
| | - Yuqing Wu
- State Key Laboratory of Supramolecular Structure and Materials, Institute of Theoretical Chemistry, Jilin University, Changchun, 130012, China.
| |
Collapse
|
246
|
Huang Y, Fuksman L, Zheng J. Luminescence mechanisms of ultrasmall gold nanoparticles. Dalton Trans 2018; 47:6267-6273. [PMID: 29594274 DOI: 10.1039/c8dt00420j] [Citation(s) in RCA: 43] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/19/2022]
Abstract
The past decade has witnessed a burst of study on ultrasmall gold nanoparticles. Unlike semiconductor quantum dots, ultrasmall gold nanoparticles have very diverse emission mechanisms, which are often involved in many structural factors such as size, valence state, surface ligands and crystallinity. In this frontier, we summarize our latest advancement in the fundamental understanding of emission mechanisms of ultrasmall gold nanoparticles, which are expected to help us more precisely control their emissions and broaden their applications from energy technologies to disease detection.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Yingyu Huang
- Department of Chemistry and Biochemistry, University of Texas at Dallas, 800 W Campbell Rd, Richardson, TX 75080, USA.
| | | | | |
Collapse
|
247
|
Suber L, Imperatori P, Pilloni L, Caschera D, Angelini N, Mezzi A, Kaciulis S, Iadecola A, Joseph B, Campi G. Nanocluster superstructures or nanoparticles? The self-consuming scaffold decides. NANOSCALE 2018; 10:7472-7483. [PMID: 29637951 DOI: 10.1039/c7nr09520a] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/08/2023]
Abstract
We show that using the same reaction procedure, by hindering or allowing the formation of a reaction intermediate, the Ag+dodecanethiolate polymeric complex, it is possible to selectively obtain Ag dodecanethiolate nanoparticles or Ag dodecanethiolate nanoclusters in the size range 4-2 nm. Moreover, the Ag dodecanethiolate nanoclusters display a lamellar superstructure templated from the precursor Ag+dodecanethiolate polymeric complex. A plausible formation mechanism is illustrated where, starting from the precursor and scaffold lamellar Ag+ thiolate polymeric complex, first the nanocluster Agn0 core is formed by reduction of isoplanar Ag+ ions, followed by Ag+ thiolate units that build protection, the nanocluster shell, around the core. The nanoclusters are characterized by elemental analyses, XRD, ATR-FTIR, XPS, XAS, MALDI, ESI, UV-Vis and fluorescence measurements. The luminescent Ag15(dodecanethiolate)11·2H2O nanocluster is achieved in good yield after 4 hours of reaction whereas after 2 hours, the luminescent Ag35(dodecanethiolate)16 is isolated. Both Ag nanoclusters present emission bands in the range 330-450 nm, the shifting depending on the excitation wavelength. This phenomenon is attributed to a possible dipolar state causing distribution in energies due to variability of dipole-dipole interactions. Moreover, both nanoclusters further present a NIR emission at about 700 nm independent from the excitation wavelength. Thanks to their optical and structural properties, the synthesized nanoclusters, perfect molecular/nanoparticle hybrids, have great potentiality for new applications in nanotechnologies.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Lorenza Suber
- ISM-CNR, Area della Ricerca di Roma 1, Via Salaria km 29.300, 00015 Monterotondo Scalo, RM, Italy.
| | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | |
Collapse
|
248
|
Lin YR, Kishore PVVN, Liao JH, Kahlal S, Liu YC, Chiang MH, Saillard JY, Liu CW. Synthesis, structural characterization and transformation of an eight-electron superatomic alloy, [Au@Ag 19{S 2P(OPr) 2} 12]. NANOSCALE 2018; 10:6855-6860. [PMID: 29616252 DOI: 10.1039/c8nr00172c] [Citation(s) in RCA: 37] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/05/2023]
Abstract
Controlling the metal nanoclusters with atomic precision is highly difficult and further studies on their transformation reactions are even more challenging. Herein we report the controlled formation of a silver alloy nanocluster [AuAg19{S2P(OnPr)2}12] (1) from an Ag20 template via a galvanic exchange route. X-ray structural analysis reveals that the alloy structure comprises of a gold-centered Ag12 icosahedron, Au@Ag12, capped by seven silver atoms. Interestingly upon reacting with one equiv. of silver(i) salt, (1) can transform into a higher nuclearity nanocluster, [Au@Ag20{S2P(OnPr)2}12]+ (2). The conversion process is studied via ESI mass spectrometry and 31P NMR spectroscopy. This kind of size-structural transformation at the single atom level is quite remarkable. Furthermore, the compositions of all the doped nanoclusters (1, 2) were fully characterized with ESI-MS and EDS. The blue shift depicted in the UV-visible and emission spectra of the doped nanoclusters (1, 2) compared with the precursor, Ag20, demonstrates that the doping atoms have significant effects on the electronic structures.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Yan-Ru Lin
- Department of Chemistry, National Dong Hwa University, Hualien 97401, Taiwan, R.O.C.
| | | | | | | | | | | | | | | |
Collapse
|
249
|
Kang X, Wang S, Zhu M. Observation of a new type of aggregation-induced emission in nanoclusters. Chem Sci 2018; 9:3062-3068. [PMID: 29732091 PMCID: PMC5916020 DOI: 10.1039/c7sc05317g] [Citation(s) in RCA: 79] [Impact Index Per Article: 13.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/15/2017] [Accepted: 02/18/2018] [Indexed: 12/27/2022] Open
Abstract
The strategy of aggregation-induced emission (AIE) has been widely used to enhance the photo-luminescence (PL) in the nanocluster (NC) research field. Most of the previous reports on aggregation-induced enhancement of fluorescence in NCs are induced by the restriction of intramolecular motion (RIM). In this work, a novel mechanism involving the restriction of the "dissociation-aggregation pattern" of ligands is presented using a Ag29(BDT)12(TPP)4 NC (BDT: 1,3-benzenedithiol; TPP: triphenylphosphine) as a model. By the addition of TPP into an N,N-dimethylformamide solution of Ag29(BDT)12(TPP)4, the PL intensity of the Ag29(BDT)12(TPP)4 NC could be significantly enhanced (13 times, quantum yield from 0.9% to 11.7%) due to the restricted TPP dissociation-aggregation process. This novel mechanism is further validated by a low-temperature PL study. Different from the significant PL enhancement of the Ag29(BDT)12(TPP)4 NC, the non-dissociative Pt1Ag28(S-Adm)18(TPP)4 NC (S-Adm: 1-adamantanethiol) exhibits a maintained PL intensity under the same TPP-addition conditions. Overall, this work presents a new mechanism for largely enhancing the PL of NCs via modulating the dissociation of ligands on the NC surface, which is totally different from the previously reported AIE phenomena in the NC field.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Xi Kang
- Department of Chemistry , Center for Atomic Engineering of Advanced Materials , Anhui Province Key Laboratory of Chemistry for Inorganic/Organic Hybrid Functionalized Materials , Anhui University , Hefei , Anhui 230601 , China . ;
| | - Shuxin Wang
- Department of Chemistry , Center for Atomic Engineering of Advanced Materials , Anhui Province Key Laboratory of Chemistry for Inorganic/Organic Hybrid Functionalized Materials , Anhui University , Hefei , Anhui 230601 , China . ;
| | - Manzhou Zhu
- Department of Chemistry , Center for Atomic Engineering of Advanced Materials , Anhui Province Key Laboratory of Chemistry for Inorganic/Organic Hybrid Functionalized Materials , Anhui University , Hefei , Anhui 230601 , China . ;
| |
Collapse
|
250
|
|