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El-Andari R, Bozso SJ, Fialka NM, Kang JJH, Hassanabad AF, Nagendran J. Alternative Approaches to Coronary Artery Bypass Grafting Versus Percutaneous Coronary Intervention, How Do They Compare?: A Systematic Review and Meta-Analysis. Cardiol Rev 2023; Publish Ahead of Print:00045415-990000000-00070. [PMID: 36688825 DOI: 10.1097/crd.0000000000000524] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/24/2023]
Abstract
Coronary artery disease (CAD) is a leading cause of mortality worldwide. Severe symptomatic CAD is treated with coronary artery bypass grafting (CABG) or percutaneous coronary intervention (PCI). Alternative CABG (ACABG) approaches including thoracotomy, off-pump, total endoscopic, and robotic-assisted CABG are increasing in prevalence to address the increased early risk of CABG. This systematic review and meta-analysis aims to review the contemporary literature comparing outcomes after ACABG and PCI. Pubmed, Medline, and Embase were systematically searched by 2 authors for articles comparing the outcomes after ACABG and PCI. A total of 1154 articles were screened, and 11 were included in this review. The RevMan 5.4 software was used to perform a meta-analysis of the pooled data. Individual studies found rates of long-term survival, major adverse cardiovascular and cerebrovascular events (MACCE), myocardial infarction (MI), and repeat revascularization either favored ACABG or did not differ significantly. Pooled estimates of the compiled data identified rates of MACCE, MI, and repeat revascularization favored ACABG. The results of this review demonstrated the favorable rates of long-term mortality, MACCE, MI, and repeat revascularization for ACABG in addition to similar short-term mortality and stroke when compared with PCI. Advancement of both CABG and PCI continues to improve patient outcomes. With the increasing prevalence of ACABG, similar studies will need to be undertaken with further direct comparisons between ACABG and PCI. Finally, hybrid revascularization should continue to be explored for its combined benefits of long-term outcomes, short-term safety, and ability to achieve complete revascularization.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ryaan El-Andari
- From the Division of Cardiac Surgery, Department of Surgery, University of Alberta, Edmonton, AB, Canada
| | - Sabin J Bozso
- From the Division of Cardiac Surgery, Department of Surgery, University of Alberta, Edmonton, AB, Canada
| | - Nicholas M Fialka
- Faculty of Medicine and Dentistry, University of Alberta, Edmonton, AB, Canada
| | - Jimmy J H Kang
- From the Division of Cardiac Surgery, Department of Surgery, University of Alberta, Edmonton, AB, Canada
| | - Ali Fatehi Hassanabad
- Section of Cardiac Surgery, Department of Cardiac Sciences, Libin Cardiovascular Institute of Alberta, University of Calgary, Calgary, Canada
| | - Jeevan Nagendran
- From the Division of Cardiac Surgery, Department of Surgery, University of Alberta, Edmonton, AB, Canada
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202
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Joaquim VHA, Pereira NP, Fernandes T, Oliveira EM. Circular RNAs as a Diagnostic and Therapeutic Target in Cardiovascular Diseases. Int J Mol Sci 2023; 24:ijms24032125. [PMID: 36768449 PMCID: PMC9916891 DOI: 10.3390/ijms24032125] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/18/2022] [Revised: 10/04/2022] [Accepted: 10/07/2022] [Indexed: 01/25/2023] Open
Abstract
Circular RNAs (circRNAs) are a family of noncoding RNAs (ncRNAs) that are endogenous and widely distributed in different species, performing several functions, mainly their association with microRNAs (miRNAs) and RNA-binding proteins. CVDs remain the leading cause of death worldwide; therefore, the development of new therapies and strategies, such as gene therapies or nonpharmacological therapies, with low cost, such as physical exercise, to alleviate these diseases is of extreme importance for society. With increasing evidence of ncRNA participating in the progression of CVDs, several studies have reported these RNAs as promising targets for diagnosis and treatment. There are several studies of CVDs and the role of miRNAs and lncRNAs; however, little is known about the new class of RNAs, called circRNAs, and CVDs. In this mini review, we focus on the mechanisms of circRNAs and CVDs.
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Sabe SA, Xu CM, Potz BA, Malhotra A, Sabra M, Harris DD, Broadwin M, Abid MR, Sellke FW. Comparative Analysis of Normoxia- and Hypoxia-Modified Extracellular Vesicle Therapy in Function, Perfusion, and Collateralization in Chronically Ischemic Myocardium. Int J Mol Sci 2023; 24:2076. [PMID: 36768399 PMCID: PMC9916784 DOI: 10.3390/ijms24032076] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/31/2022] [Revised: 01/17/2023] [Accepted: 01/17/2023] [Indexed: 01/21/2023] Open
Abstract
We have previously shown that normoxia serum-starved extracellular vesicle (EV) therapy improves myocardial function, perfusion, and angiogenesis in a swine model of chronic myocardial ischemia. Hypoxia-modified EVs have increased abundance of anti-oxidant, pro-angiogenic, and pro-survival proteins. The purpose of this study is to investigate the differential effects of normoxia serum-starved EVs and hypoxia-modified EVs on myocardial function, perfusion, and microvascular density in chronically ischemic myocardium. Yorkshire swine underwent placement of an ameroid constrictor to the left circumflex artery to induce chronic myocardial ischemia. Two weeks later, the pigs underwent intramyocardial injection of either normoxia serum-starved EVs (NOR, n = 10) or hypoxia-modified EVs (HYP, n = 7). Five weeks later, pigs were euthanized, and ischemic myocardium was harvested. Hypoxia EV treatment was associated with improved contractility compared to NOR, as well as improved capillary density, without changes in arteriolar density. There were trends towards improved perfusion at rest and during pacing in the HYP group compared to NOR. Ischemic myocardium in the HYP group had increased pro-angiogenic Akt and ERK signaling and decreased expression of anti-angiogenic markers compared to the NOR group. In the setting of chronic myocardial ischemia, hypoxia-modified EVs may enhance contractility, capillary density, and angiogenic signaling pathways compared to normoxia serum-starved EVs.
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Affiliation(s)
| | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | - Frank W. Sellke
- Division of Cardiothoracic Surgery, Department of Surgery, Cardiovascular Research Center, Rhode Island Hospital, Alpert Medical School of Brown University, Providence, RI 02903, USA
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204
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Trigka M, Dritsas E. Long-Term Coronary Artery Disease Risk Prediction with Machine Learning Models. SENSORS (BASEL, SWITZERLAND) 2023; 23:1193. [PMID: 36772237 PMCID: PMC9920214 DOI: 10.3390/s23031193] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/28/2022] [Revised: 01/17/2023] [Accepted: 01/18/2023] [Indexed: 06/18/2023]
Abstract
The heart is the most vital organ of the human body; thus, its improper functioning has a significant impact on human life. Coronary artery disease (CAD) is a disease of the coronary arteries through which the heart is nourished and oxygenated. It is due to the formation of atherosclerotic plaques on the wall of the epicardial coronary arteries, resulting in the narrowing of their lumen and the obstruction of blood flow through them. Coronary artery disease can be delayed or even prevented with lifestyle changes and medical intervention. Long-term risk prediction of coronary artery disease will be the area of interest in this work. In this specific research paper, we experimented with various machine learning (ML) models after the use or non-use of the synthetic minority oversampling technique (SMOTE), evaluating and comparing them in terms of accuracy, precision, recall and an area under the curve (AUC). The results showed that the stacking ensemble model after the SMOTE with 10-fold cross-validation prevailed over the other models, achieving an accuracy of 90.9 %, a precision of 96.7%, a recall of 87.6% and an AUC equal to 96.1%.
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205
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Ilieva M, Uchida S. Potential Involvement of LncRNAs in Cardiometabolic Diseases. Genes (Basel) 2023; 14:213. [PMID: 36672953 PMCID: PMC9858747 DOI: 10.3390/genes14010213] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/09/2022] [Revised: 01/10/2023] [Accepted: 01/11/2023] [Indexed: 01/17/2023] Open
Abstract
Characterized by cardiovascular disease and diabetes, cardiometabolic diseases are a major cause of mortality around the world. As such, there is an urgent need to understand the pathogenesis of cardiometabolic diseases. Increasing evidence suggests that most of the mammalian genome are transcribed as RNA, but only a few percent of them encode for proteins. All of the RNAs that do not encode for proteins are collectively called non-protein-coding RNAs (ncRNAs). Among these ncRNAs, long ncRNAs (lncRNAs) are considered as missing keys to understand the pathogeneses of various diseases, including cardiometabolic diseases. Given the increased interest in lncRNAs, in this study, we will summarize the latest trend in the lncRNA research from the perspective of cardiometabolism and disease by focusing on the major risk factors of cardiometabolic diseases: obesity, cholesterol, diabetes, and hypertension. Because genetic inheritance is unavoidable in cardiometabolic diseases, we paid special attention to the genetic factors of lncRNAs that may influence cardiometabolic diseases.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Shizuka Uchida
- Center for RNA Medicine, Department of Clinical Medicine, Aalborg University, DK-2450 Copenhagen SV, Denmark or
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206
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Differential Serum Proteomic Signatures between Acute Aortic Dissection and Acute Myocardial Infarction. Biomedicines 2023; 11:biomedicines11010161. [PMID: 36672669 PMCID: PMC9855332 DOI: 10.3390/biomedicines11010161] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/26/2022] [Revised: 01/05/2023] [Accepted: 01/06/2023] [Indexed: 01/11/2023] Open
Abstract
Acute aortic dissection (AAD) and acute myocardial infarction (AMI) are both severe cardiovascular diseases that may cause sudden death. However, whether serum proteins are differentially expressed between AAD and AMI remains unclear. Here, we aimed to explore serum protein profiles between AAD and AMI patients. A total of 75 serum samples were collected, including AAD patients without AMI (n = 25), AMI patients without AAD (n = 25), and normal subjects (n = 25). Protein identities and expression levels were assessed by LC-MS/MS analysis and a label-free quantitation method, respectively. After depletion of albumin and IgG, a total of 117 proteins with differential expression (fold change ≥2 or ≤−2.0, p < 0.05) were identified, of which 60 were upregulated and 57 were downregulated in AAD sera as compared to AMI sera. Bioinformatic analysis revealed that the differentially expressed serum proteins were mainly derived from exosomes and the extracellular space, and their molecular functions and biological processes were primarily involved in the activity of transporters and complements and the immune response. In addition, the serum level of Cadherin-5, an identified protein with significant regulation in AAD, was further evaluated by ELISA and the results showed that Cadherin-5 in AAD sera was higher that in AMI and healthy sera. Collectively, these findings reveal the differential serum protein profiles between AAD and AMI, which may reflect the divergent pathophysiological progression between the two cardiovascular diseases.
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207
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Jiang F, Zhang B, Zhang X, Zhang R, Lu Q, Shi F, Xu J, Deng L. miRNA‑92a inhibits vascular smooth muscle cell phenotypic modulation and may help prevent in‑stent restenosis. Mol Med Rep 2023; 27:40. [PMID: 36601739 PMCID: PMC9835053 DOI: 10.3892/mmr.2023.12927] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/09/2022] [Accepted: 11/23/2022] [Indexed: 01/03/2023] Open
Abstract
The modulation of vascular smooth muscle cell (VSMC) phenotype during cellular proliferation and migration may represent a potential therapeutic approach for vascular intimal hyperplasia prevention. However, the precise role of this process in VSMC biology and remodeling remains unclear. In the present study, western blotting, PCR, MTT and Transwell assays were used to analyze related protein and mRNA expression, cell viability and cell migration, respectively. It was demonstrated that miR‑92a modulated VSMCs into a synthetic phenotype via the Kruppel‑like factor 4 (KLF4) pathway. Targeting microRNA (miRNA/miR)‑92a in VSMCs using a KLF4 inhibitor suppressed the synthetic phenotype and inhibited VSMC proliferation and migration. To further confirm this finding, the expression levels of miR‑92a were measured in patients undergoing coronary artery intervention. The serum miR‑92a expression levels were significantly higher in patients with in‑stent restenosis (ISR) compared with those in patients without ISR, whereas KLF4 expression was significantly reduced in the non‑ISR group. Bioinformatic analysis and promoter‑luciferase reporter assays were used to examine the regulatory mechanisms underlying KLF4 expression. KLF4 was demonstrated to be transcriptionally upregulated by miR‑92a in VSMCs. miRNA transfection was also performed to regulate the level of miR‑92a expression. miR‑92a overexpression inhibited VSMC proliferation and migration, and also increased the mRNA and protein expression levels of certain differentiated VSMC‑related genes. Finally, miR‑92a inhibition promoted the proliferation and migration of VSMCs, which could be reversed using a KLF4 inhibitor. Collectively, these results indicated that the local delivery of a KLF4 inhibitor may act as a novel therapeutic option for the prevention of ISR.
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Affiliation(s)
- Fenfen Jiang
- Department of Cardiology, Huzhou Central Hospital, Affiliated Central Hospital of Huzhou University, Huzhou, Zhejiang 313003, P.R. China,Department of Cardiology, The Second Affiliated Hospital of Jiaxing University, Jiaxing, Zhejiang 314000, P.R. China
| | - Bin Zhang
- Department of Anaesthesiology, The Second Affiliated Hospital of Jiaxing University, Jiaxing, Zhejiang 314000, P.R. China
| | - Xiangyu Zhang
- Department of Cardiology, The Second Affiliated Hospital of Jiaxing University, Jiaxing, Zhejiang 314000, P.R. China
| | - Ran Zhang
- Department of Cardiology, The Second Affiliated Hospital of Jiaxing University, Jiaxing, Zhejiang 314000, P.R. China
| | - Qin Lu
- Department of Cardiology, The Second Affiliated Hospital of Jiaxing University, Jiaxing, Zhejiang 314000, P.R. China
| | - Fengjie Shi
- Department of Cardiology, The Second Affiliated Hospital of Jiaxing University, Jiaxing, Zhejiang 314000, P.R. China
| | - Jianjiang Xu
- Department of Cardiology, The Second Affiliated Hospital of Jiaxing University, Jiaxing, Zhejiang 314000, P.R. China
| | - Lang Deng
- Department of Cardiology, Huzhou Central Hospital, Affiliated Central Hospital of Huzhou University, Huzhou, Zhejiang 313003, P.R. China,Correspondence to: Dr Lang Deng, Department of Cardiology, Huzhou Central Hospital, Affiliated Central Hospital of Huzhou University, 198 Hongqi Road, Huzhou, Zhejiang 313003, P.R. China, E-mail:
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208
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Korzeniowska-Kubacka I, Mierzyńska A, Rydzewska E, Smolis E, Dąbrowski R. IMPACT OF EARLY EXERCISE-BASED CARDIAC REHABILITATION ON HOSTILITY, ITS BEHAVIORAL COMPONENTS AND DISEASE PERCEPTION IN PATIENTS AFTER MYOCARDIAL INFARCTION. POLSKI MERKURIUSZ LEKARSKI : ORGAN POLSKIEGO TOWARZYSTWA LEKARSKIEGO 2023; 51:585-591. [PMID: 38207057 DOI: 10.36740/merkur202306101] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/13/2024]
Abstract
OBJECTIVE Aim: Hostility and its behavioral components, anger and aggression are psychosocial risk factors for coronary heart disease. The purpose of the study was to evaluate the effectiveness of physical training on the level of negative emotions, the cognitive aspect of adaptation to disease and physical capacity in patients after MI who participated in cardiac rehabilitation. PATIENTS AND METHODS Materials and Methods: We enrolled 60 post-MI men and women in the study. They underwent an 8-week training program. Before and after completion of trainings patients underwent exercise test and a psychological examination.The Buss-Perry Aggression Questionnaire and the Brief Illness Perception Questionnaire were performed with results analysis in the entire group and in subgroups of men, women, patients under 60 years of age (younger) and over 60 years of age (older). RESULTS Results: After rehabilitation a significant reduction in the general level of negative emotions was found in younger: 67.8±4.6 vs 63.9±3.7 points (p< 0.01). Similarly, a significant reduction in the sense of the impact of the disease on life was found only in younger 6.96±0.5 vs 5.48±0.5 points (p<0.01). There was a significant improvement in overall adaptation to the disease in women from 40.6±2.2 to 35.7±1.9 points (p < 0.05).Moreover,patients with higher levels of negative emotions had more difficulty adapting to the disease r=0.361, p<0.01. Physical capacity increased significantly in all groups. CONCLUSION Conclusions: Participating in cardiac rehabilitation improved physical capacity, beneficially contributed to a decrease in negative emotions and had a positive effect on disease adaptation but only in younger post -MI patients.
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Affiliation(s)
- Iwona Korzeniowska-Kubacka
- CORONARY ARTERY DISEASE AND CARDIAC REHABILITATION DEPARTMENT, NATIONAL INSTITUTE OF CARDIOLOGY, WARSAW, POLAND
| | - Anna Mierzyńska
- CARDIAC SURGERY DEPARTMENT, MILITARY INSTITUTE OF MEDICINE-NATIONAL RESEARCH INSTITUTE, WARSAW, POLAND
| | - Ewa Rydzewska
- CORONARY ARTERY DISEASE AND CARDIAC REHABILITATION DEPARTMENT, NATIONAL INSTITUTE OF CARDIOLOGY, WARSAW, POLAND
| | - Edyta Smolis
- CORONARY ARTERY DISEASE AND CARDIAC REHABILITATION DEPARTMENT, NATIONAL INSTITUTE OF CARDIOLOGY, WARSAW, POLAND
| | - Rafał Dąbrowski
- CORONARY ARTERY DISEASE AND CARDIAC REHABILITATION DEPARTMENT, NATIONAL INSTITUTE OF CARDIOLOGY, WARSAW, POLAND
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209
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Mewborn E, Stanfill A. Oxidative Stress Underpins Clinical, Social, and Genetic Risk Factors for Atherosclerotic Cardiovascular Disease. CLINICAL MEDICINE INSIGHTS-CARDIOLOGY 2023; 17:11795468231170779. [PMID: 37153696 PMCID: PMC10155032 DOI: 10.1177/11795468231170779] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/16/2023] [Accepted: 03/31/2023] [Indexed: 05/10/2023]
Abstract
Background Atherosclerotic cardiovascular disease (ASCVD) remains the leading cause of death worldwide and is poorly predicted with current risk estimation tools. The biological mechanisms relating ASCVD risk factors to oxidative stress (OS) and how this accumulates ASCVD risk are misunderstood. Purpose To develop a comprehensive conceptual model explaining how expanded clinical, social, and genetic ASCVD risk factors accumulate ASCVD risk through OS. Conclusions OS (primarily from excess reactive oxygen species) and inflammation are present along the entire ASCVD pathophysiologic continuum. An expanded list of clinical and social ASCVD risk factors (including hypertension, obesity, diabetes, kidney disease, inflammatory diseases, substance use, poor nutrition, psychosocial stress, air pollution, race, and genetic ancestry) influence ASCVD largely through increased OS. Many risk factors exert a positive feedback mechanism to increase OS. One genetic risk factor, haptoglobin (Hp) genotype, is associated with higher ASCVD risk in diabetes and hypothesized to do the same in those with insulin resistance due to the Hp 2-2 genotype increasing OS. Implications Understanding the biological mechanisms of OS informs how these ASCVD risk factors relate to each other and compound ASCVD risk. Individualized ASCVD risk estimation should include a comprehensive, holistic perspective of risk factors to better address the clinical, social, and genetic influences of OS. Preventing and reducing OS is key to preventing ASCVD development or progression.
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Affiliation(s)
- Emily Mewborn
- University of Tennessee Health Science
Center, Memphis, TN, USA
- Emily Mewborn, University of Tennessee
Health Science Center, 874 Union Avenue, Suite G022B, Memphis, TN 38163, USA.
| | - Ansley Stanfill
- University of Tennessee Health Science
Center, Memphis, TN, USA
- Department of Acute and Tertiary Care,
College of Nursing, University of Tennessee Health Science Center, Memphis, TN,
USA
- Department of Genetics, Genomics, and
Informatics, College of Medicine, University of Tennessee Health Science Center,
Memphis, TN, USA
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210
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Mai Z, Huang Z, Li Y, Xie Y, Li H, Wang B, Bai W, Lai W, Yu S, Lu H, Han K, Chen X, Shi Y, Chen S, Liu J, Liu Y, Chen J. Elevation of hemoglobin A1c increases the risk of decline in left ventricular systolic function among patients with coronary artery disease. DIABETES & METABOLISM 2023; 49:101411. [PMID: 36400410 DOI: 10.1016/j.diabet.2022.101411] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/30/2022] [Revised: 11/09/2022] [Accepted: 11/09/2022] [Indexed: 11/17/2022]
Abstract
AIMS The aim of this study was to investigate the association of HbA1c and left ventricular (LV) systolic function among patients with coronary artery disease (CAD). METHODS CAD patients from the Cardiorenal ImprovemeNt II (CIN-II, NCT05050877) registry were included in the study. They were separated into four groups based on HbA1c levels (Q1: HbA1c<5.7%; Q2: 5.7% ≤ HbA1c < 6.1%; Q3: 6.1% ≤ HbA1c < 6.9%; Q4: HbA1c ≥ 6.9%). The endpoint was decline in LV systolic function, defined as an absolute decrease in LV ejection fraction (LVEF) ≥10% from baseline to follow-up with 3-12 months. The association of HbA1c and LVEF was assessed by logistics regression models. RESULTS CAD patients (n = 3,994) (age 62.9 ± 10.6 years; 22.2% female) were included in the final analysis. A decline in LV systolic function was recorded in 429 (11%) patients during follow-up. After fully adjusting for confounders, HbA1c was significantly associated with the high risk of decline in LV systolic function (OR 1.12 [95%CI 1.05-1.20] P = 0.001). By stratifying HbA1c as four groups, there is a significantly increased risk of decline in LV systolic function when HbA1c ≥6.1% (Q2, Q3 and Q4 vs Q1, with OR 1.22 [0.88-1.68] P = 0.235; OR 1.48 [1.07-2.05] P = 0.019; OR 1.60 [1.160-2.22] P = 0.004, respectively). Meanwhile, patients with decline in LV systolic function had a higher risk of cardiovascular death. CONCLUSIONS Elevated HbA1c is a predictor of decline in LV systolic function in CAD patients. Clinicians should be aware of the risk of decline in LV systolic function in CAD patients with elevated HbA1c, and take measures as soon as possible.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ziling Mai
- Department of Cardiology, Guangdong Cardiovascular Institute, Guangdong Provincial People's Hospital, Guangdong Academy of Medical Sciences, Guangzhou, 510080, China; Department of Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Coronary Heart Disease Prevention, Guangdong Cardiovascular Institute, Guangdong Provincial People's Hospital, Guangdong Academy of Medical Sciences, Guangzhou, 510080, China; Department of Pharmacy, Guangdong Second Provincial General Hospital, Guangdong Provincial Emergency Hospital, Guangzhou, 510317, China
| | - Zhidong Huang
- Department of Cardiology, Guangdong Cardiovascular Institute, Guangdong Provincial People's Hospital, Guangdong Academy of Medical Sciences, Guangzhou, 510080, China; Department of Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Coronary Heart Disease Prevention, Guangdong Cardiovascular Institute, Guangdong Provincial People's Hospital, Guangdong Academy of Medical Sciences, Guangzhou, 510080, China
| | - Yuqi Li
- Department of Cardiology, Zhongshan People's Hospital, Zhongshan, 528402, China
| | - Yun Xie
- Department of Cardiology, Guangdong Cardiovascular Institute, Guangdong Provincial People's Hospital, Guangdong Academy of Medical Sciences, Guangzhou, 510080, China; Department of Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Coronary Heart Disease Prevention, Guangdong Cardiovascular Institute, Guangdong Provincial People's Hospital, Guangdong Academy of Medical Sciences, Guangzhou, 510080, China
| | - Huanqiang Li
- Department of Cardiology, Guangdong Cardiovascular Institute, Guangdong Provincial People's Hospital, Guangdong Academy of Medical Sciences, Guangzhou, 510080, China; Department of Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Coronary Heart Disease Prevention, Guangdong Cardiovascular Institute, Guangdong Provincial People's Hospital, Guangdong Academy of Medical Sciences, Guangzhou, 510080, China
| | - Bo Wang
- Department of Cardiology, Guangdong Cardiovascular Institute, Guangdong Provincial People's Hospital, Guangdong Academy of Medical Sciences, Guangzhou, 510080, China; Department of Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Coronary Heart Disease Prevention, Guangdong Cardiovascular Institute, Guangdong Provincial People's Hospital, Guangdong Academy of Medical Sciences, Guangzhou, 510080, China
| | - Wei Bai
- School of Mathematics and Statistics, School of Medicine, Guangdong University of Finance & Economics, Guangzhou, 510320, China
| | - Wenguang Lai
- Department of Cardiology, Guangdong Cardiovascular Institute, Guangdong Provincial People's Hospital, Guangdong Academy of Medical Sciences, Guangzhou, 510080, China; Department of Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Coronary Heart Disease Prevention, Guangdong Cardiovascular Institute, Guangdong Provincial People's Hospital, Guangdong Academy of Medical Sciences, Guangzhou, 510080, China
| | - Sijia Yu
- Department of Cardiology, Guangdong Cardiovascular Institute, Guangdong Provincial People's Hospital, Guangdong Academy of Medical Sciences, Guangzhou, 510080, China; Department of Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Coronary Heart Disease Prevention, Guangdong Cardiovascular Institute, Guangdong Provincial People's Hospital, Guangdong Academy of Medical Sciences, Guangzhou, 510080, China
| | - Hongyu Lu
- Department of Cardiology, Guangdong Cardiovascular Institute, Guangdong Provincial People's Hospital, Guangdong Academy of Medical Sciences, Guangzhou, 510080, China; Department of Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Coronary Heart Disease Prevention, Guangdong Cardiovascular Institute, Guangdong Provincial People's Hospital, Guangdong Academy of Medical Sciences, Guangzhou, 510080, China
| | - Kedong Han
- Department of Cardiology, Maoming People's Hospital, Maoming 525000, China
| | - Xuewen Chen
- Department of Cardiology, Maoming People's Hospital, Maoming 525000, China
| | - Yingming Shi
- Department of Cardiology, Maoming People's Hospital, Maoming 525000, China
| | - Shiqun Chen
- Department of Cardiology, Guangdong Cardiovascular Institute, Guangdong Provincial People's Hospital, Guangdong Academy of Medical Sciences, Guangzhou, 510080, China; Department of Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Coronary Heart Disease Prevention, Guangdong Cardiovascular Institute, Guangdong Provincial People's Hospital, Guangdong Academy of Medical Sciences, Guangzhou, 510080, China
| | - Jin Liu
- Department of Cardiology, Guangdong Cardiovascular Institute, Guangdong Provincial People's Hospital, Guangdong Academy of Medical Sciences, Guangzhou, 510080, China; Department of Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Coronary Heart Disease Prevention, Guangdong Cardiovascular Institute, Guangdong Provincial People's Hospital, Guangdong Academy of Medical Sciences, Guangzhou, 510080, China.
| | - Yong Liu
- Department of Cardiology, Guangdong Cardiovascular Institute, Guangdong Provincial People's Hospital, Guangdong Academy of Medical Sciences, Guangzhou, 510080, China; Department of Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Coronary Heart Disease Prevention, Guangdong Cardiovascular Institute, Guangdong Provincial People's Hospital, Guangdong Academy of Medical Sciences, Guangzhou, 510080, China.
| | - Jiyan Chen
- Department of Cardiology, Guangdong Cardiovascular Institute, Guangdong Provincial People's Hospital, Guangdong Academy of Medical Sciences, Guangzhou, 510080, China; Department of Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Coronary Heart Disease Prevention, Guangdong Cardiovascular Institute, Guangdong Provincial People's Hospital, Guangdong Academy of Medical Sciences, Guangzhou, 510080, China.
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211
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Zhu Y, Song Y, Wang Y, Ji H, Wang D, Cai S, Wang A. Relationships among patient activation, social support and online health information seeking of community-dwelling older adults living with coronary heart disease. J Adv Nurs 2023; 79:161-169. [PMID: 36052639 DOI: 10.1111/jan.15428] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/09/2022] [Revised: 07/20/2022] [Accepted: 08/20/2022] [Indexed: 12/15/2022]
Abstract
AIMS To explore the relationship between patient activation (subjective initiative of patients to participate in disease management in self-health care), social support, self-efficacy and online health information seeking among older patients with coronary heart disease. DESIGN A cross-sectional and survey-based design. METHODS A total of 451 older patients with coronary heart disease were recruited from July to November 2021 from four communities in Qingdao, China. We collected data using the Patient Activation Measure, Social Support Rating Scale, Self-Efficacy Scale and Online Health Information Seeking Scale. We performed structural equation modelling to analyse the data. RESULTS The final model showed good model fit. Patient activation influenced online health information seeking directly (β = .39, p < .05) and indirectly through self-efficacy (β = .17, p < .05). Social support influenced online health information seeking directly (β = .23, p < .05) and indirectly through self-efficacy (β = .03, p < .05). Self-efficacy directly influenced online health information seeking (β = .26, p < .05). CONCLUSIONS We identified the interrelationships of patient activation, social support and self-efficacy and their influence on the online health information seeking of older patients with coronary heart disease. Our findings provide a theoretical basis for developing and evaluating interventions to enhance online health information seeking for older patients with coronary heart disease. IMPACT These findings add a better understanding of the relationship between patient activation, social support, self-efficacy and online health information seeking in older patients with coronary heart disease, and help community health workers to intervene in the early stage of disease diagnosis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yaru Zhu
- School of Nursing, Qingdao University, Qingdao, China
| | - Yuting Song
- School of Nursing, Qingdao University, Qingdao, China
| | - Yinuo Wang
- School of Nursing, Qingdao University, Qingdao, China
| | - Heqian Ji
- School of Nursing, Qingdao University, Qingdao, China
| | - Derong Wang
- School of Nursing, Qingdao University, Qingdao, China
| | - Shuo Cai
- School of Nursing, Qingdao University, Qingdao, China
| | - Aimin Wang
- School of Nursing, Qingdao University, Qingdao, China
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Monitoring Cardiovascular Problems in Heart Patients Using Machine Learning. JOURNAL OF HEALTHCARE ENGINEERING 2023; 2023:9738123. [PMID: 36818386 PMCID: PMC9931474 DOI: 10.1155/2023/9738123] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/16/2022] [Revised: 08/06/2022] [Accepted: 11/25/2022] [Indexed: 02/10/2023]
Abstract
The World Health Organization reports that heart disease is the most common cause of death globally, accounting for 17.9 million fatalities annually. The fundamentals of a cure, it is thought, are important symptoms and recognition of the illness. Traditional techniques are facing many challenges, ranging from delayed or unnecessary treatment to incorrect diagnoses, which can affect treatment progress, increase the bill, and give the disease more time to spread and harm the patient's body. Such errors could be avoided and minimized by employing ML and AI techniques. Many significant efforts have been made in recent years to increase computer-aided diagnosis and detection applications, which is a rapidly growing area of research. Machine learning algorithms are especially important in CAD, which is used to detect patterns in medical data sources and make nontrivial predictions to assist doctors and clinicians in making timely decisions. This study aims to develop multiple methods for machine learning using the UCI set of data based on individuals' medical attributes to aid in the early detection of cardiovascular disease. Various machine learning techniques are used to evaluate and review the results of the UCI machine learning heart disease dataset. The proposed algorithms had the highest accuracy, with the random forest classifier achieving 96.72% and the extreme gradient boost achieving 95.08%. This will assist the doctor in taking appropriate actions. The proposed technology will only be able to determine whether or not a person has a heart issue. The severity of heart disease cannot be determined using this method.
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213
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Yang P, Zhao R, Deng W, An S, Li Y, Sheng M, Chen X, Qian Y, Yu Y, Mu D, Wang Y, Li X. Feasibility and accuracy of coronary artery calcium score on virtual non-contrast images derived from a dual-layer spectral detector CT: A retrospective multicenter study. Front Cardiovasc Med 2023; 10:1114058. [PMID: 36937907 PMCID: PMC10018184 DOI: 10.3389/fcvm.2023.1114058] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/02/2022] [Accepted: 02/10/2023] [Indexed: 03/06/2023] Open
Abstract
Rationale and objective This retrospective study was to evaluate the feasibility and accuracy of coronary artery calcium score (CACS) from virtual non-contrast (VNC) images in comparison with that from true non-contrast (TNC) images. Materials and methods A total of 540 patients with suspected of coronary artery disease (CAD) who underwent a dual-layer spectral detector CT (SDCT) in three hospitals were eligible for this study and 233 patients were retrospectively enrolled for further analysis. The CACS was calculated from both TNC and VNC images and compared. Linear regression analysis of the CACS was performed between TNC and VNC images. Results The correlation of overall CACS from VNC and TNC images was very strong (r = 0.923, p < 0.001). The CACS from VNC images were lower than that from TNC images (221 versus. 69, p < 0.001). When the regression equation of the overall coronary artery was applied, the mean calibrated CACS-VNC was 221 which had a significant difference from the CACS-TNC (p = 0.017). When the regression equation of each coronary branch artery was applied, the mean calibrated CACS-VNC was 221, which had a significant difference from the CACS-TNC (p = 0.003). But the mean difference between the CACS-TNC and the calibrated CACS-VNC in either way was less than 1. The agreement on risk stratification with CACS-TNC and CCACS-VNC was almost perfect. Conclusion This multicenter study with dual-layer spectral detector CT showed that it was feasible to calculate CACS from the VNC images derived from the spectral coronary artery CT angiography scan, and the results were in good accordance with the TNC images after correction. Therefore, the TNC scan could be omitted, reducing the radiation dose to patients and saving examination time while using dual-layer spectral detector CT.
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Affiliation(s)
- Panpan Yang
- Department of Radiology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Anhui Medical University, Hefei, Anhui, China
- Research Center of Clinical Medical Imaging, Anhui Province Clinical Image Quality Control Center, Hefei, Anhui, China
| | - Ren Zhao
- Department of Cardiology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Anhui Medical University, Hefei, Anhui, China
| | - Wei Deng
- Department of Radiology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Anhui Medical University, Hefei, Anhui, China
- Research Center of Clinical Medical Imaging, Anhui Province Clinical Image Quality Control Center, Hefei, Anhui, China
| | - Shutian An
- Department of Radiology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Anhui Medical University, Hefei, Anhui, China
- Research Center of Clinical Medical Imaging, Anhui Province Clinical Image Quality Control Center, Hefei, Anhui, China
| | - Yuguo Li
- Department of Radiology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Anhui Medical University, Hefei, Anhui, China
- Research Center of Clinical Medical Imaging, Anhui Province Clinical Image Quality Control Center, Hefei, Anhui, China
| | - Mao Sheng
- Department of Radiology, The Second People's Hospital of Hefei, Hefei Hospital Affiliated to Anhui Medical University, Hefei, Anhui, China
| | - Xingbiao Chen
- Clinical Science, Philips Healthcare, Shanghai, China
| | - Yingfeng Qian
- Department of Radiology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Anhui Medical University, Hefei, Anhui, China
- Research Center of Clinical Medical Imaging, Anhui Province Clinical Image Quality Control Center, Hefei, Anhui, China
| | - Yongqiang Yu
- Department of Radiology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Anhui Medical University, Hefei, Anhui, China
- Research Center of Clinical Medical Imaging, Anhui Province Clinical Image Quality Control Center, Hefei, Anhui, China
| | - Dan Mu
- Department of Radiology, Affiliated Nanjing Drum Tower Hospital of Nanjing University Medical School, Nanjing, China
- *Correspondence: Dan Mu, ; Yining Wang, ; Xiaohu Li,
| | - Yining Wang
- Department of Radiology, Peking Union Medical College Hospital, Beijing, China
- *Correspondence: Dan Mu, ; Yining Wang, ; Xiaohu Li,
| | - Xiaohu Li
- Department of Radiology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Anhui Medical University, Hefei, Anhui, China
- Research Center of Clinical Medical Imaging, Anhui Province Clinical Image Quality Control Center, Hefei, Anhui, China
- *Correspondence: Dan Mu, ; Yining Wang, ; Xiaohu Li,
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Gegunde S, Alfonso A, Alvariño R, Pérez-Fuentes N, Bayón-Lorenzo J, Alonso E, Ocaranza-Sánchez R, Abellás-Sequeiros RA, Santás-Álvarez M, Vieytes MR, Juanatey-González C, Botana LM. Association of cyclophilins and cardiovascular risk factors in coronary artery disease. Front Physiol 2023; 14:1127468. [PMID: 36935755 PMCID: PMC10014534 DOI: 10.3389/fphys.2023.1127468] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/19/2022] [Accepted: 02/16/2023] [Indexed: 03/04/2023] Open
Abstract
Cyclophilins are chaperone proteins that play important roles in signal transduction. Among them, cyclophilins A, B, C, and D were widely associated with inflammation and cardiovascular diseases. Cyclophilins A and C have been proposed as coronary artery disease biomarkers. However, less is known about their relationship with cardiovascular risk factors. Therefore, this study aimed to determine the association between cyclophilin A, B, C, and D and cardiovascular risk factors in coronary artery disease. Serum levels of cyclophilins were measured in 167 subjects (subdivided according to cardiovascular risk factors presence). This study reveals that cyclophilin A and C are elevated in patients regardless of the risk factors presence. Moreover, cyclophilin B is elevated in male patients with hypertension, type 2 diabetes, or high glucose levels. In addition, cyclophilins A, B, and C were significantly correlated with cardiovascular risk factors, but only cyclophilin B was associated with type 2 diabetes. The multivariate analysis strengthens the predictive value for coronary artery disease presence of cyclophilin A (>8.2 ng/mL) and cyclophilin C (>17.5 pg/mL) along with the cardiovascular risk factors tobacco, hypertension, dyslipidemia, and high glucose and cholesterol levels. Moreover, the risk of coronary artery disease is increased in presence of cyclophilin B levels above 63.26 pg/mL and with hypertension or dyslipidemia in male patients. Consequently, cyclophilins A and C serum levels are reinforced as useful coronary artery disease biomarkers, meanwhile, cyclophilin B is a valuable biomarker in the male population when patients are also suffering from hypertension or dyslipidemia.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sandra Gegunde
- Departamento de Farmacología, Facultad de Veterinaria, Universidad de Santiago de Compostela, Lugo, Spain
- Grupo Investigación Biodiscovery, IDIS, Lugo, Spain
| | - Amparo Alfonso
- Departamento de Farmacología, Facultad de Veterinaria, Universidad de Santiago de Compostela, Lugo, Spain
- Grupo Investigación Biodiscovery, IDIS, Lugo, Spain
- *Correspondence: Amparo Alfonso,
| | - Rebeca Alvariño
- Departamento de Farmacología, Facultad de Veterinaria, Universidad de Santiago de Compostela, Lugo, Spain
- Grupo Investigación Biodiscovery, IDIS, Lugo, Spain
| | - Nadia Pérez-Fuentes
- Departamento de Farmacología, Facultad de Veterinaria, Universidad de Santiago de Compostela, Lugo, Spain
- Grupo Investigación Biodiscovery, IDIS, Lugo, Spain
| | - Jeremías Bayón-Lorenzo
- Grupo Investigación Biodiscovery, IDIS, Lugo, Spain
- Servicio de Cardiología, Hospital Universitario Lucus Augusti, Lugo, Spain
| | - Eva Alonso
- Grupo Investigación Biodiscovery, IDIS, Lugo, Spain
- Fundación Instituto de Investigación Sanitaria de Santiago de Compostela (FIDIS), Lugo, Spain
| | - Raymundo Ocaranza-Sánchez
- Grupo Investigación Biodiscovery, IDIS, Lugo, Spain
- Servicio de Cardiología, Hospital Universitario Lucus Augusti, Lugo, Spain
| | - Rosa Alba Abellás-Sequeiros
- Grupo Investigación Biodiscovery, IDIS, Lugo, Spain
- Servicio de Cardiología, Hospital Universitario Lucus Augusti, Lugo, Spain
| | - Melisa Santás-Álvarez
- Grupo Investigación Biodiscovery, IDIS, Lugo, Spain
- Servicio de Cardiología, Hospital Universitario Lucus Augusti, Lugo, Spain
| | - Mercedes R. Vieytes
- Departamento de Fisiología, Facultad de Veterinaria, Universidad de Santiago de Compostela, Lugo, Spain
| | - Carlos Juanatey-González
- Grupo Investigación Biodiscovery, IDIS, Lugo, Spain
- Servicio de Cardiología, Hospital Universitario Lucus Augusti, Lugo, Spain
| | - Luis M. Botana
- Departamento de Farmacología, Facultad de Veterinaria, Universidad de Santiago de Compostela, Lugo, Spain
- Grupo Investigación Biodiscovery, IDIS, Lugo, Spain
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Kazemi Asl S, Rahimzadegan M, Ostadrahimi R. The recent advancement in the chitosan hybrid-based scaffolds for cardiac regeneration after myocardial infarction. Carbohydr Polym 2023; 300:120266. [DOI: 10.1016/j.carbpol.2022.120266] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/02/2022] [Revised: 10/08/2022] [Accepted: 10/23/2022] [Indexed: 11/07/2022]
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Sharma A, Sharma N, Vats S, Jain M, Chahal A, Kashoo FZ, Hakamy A, Alajam RA, Alshehri MM, Bharath Kumar M, Sanjeevi RR, Alwadaani F, Shaphe MA. Effect of Resistance Training on Body Composition, Hemodynamic Parameters and Exercise Tolerance among Patients with Coronary Artery Disease: A Systematic Review. Healthcare (Basel) 2022; 11:healthcare11010131. [PMID: 36611590 PMCID: PMC9819119 DOI: 10.3390/healthcare11010131] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/26/2022] [Revised: 12/22/2022] [Accepted: 12/27/2022] [Indexed: 01/04/2023] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Effectiveness and safety of Resistance Training in treating various Cerebrovascular Disease diagnoses have drawn attention in recent years. Patients suffering with coronary artery disease should be offered individually tailored Resistance Training in their exercise regimen. Resistance Training was developed to help individuals with their functional status, mobility, physical performance, and muscle strength. OBJECTIVE The objective of this review was to collect, summarize and present information on the state of science focusing on usefulness, viability, safety and efficacy of Resistance Training in treating coronary artery disease and enhancing the aerobic capacity and improving overall health-related quality of life. METHODS The review is prepared in accordance with Preferred Reporting Items for Systematic Review and Meta-Analyses guidelines. Searches were conducted in Cochrane Library, PubMed/MEDLINE, PEDro and Scopus database. PEDro scale was used for methodological quality assessment of included studies. Two independent reviewers determined the inclusion criteria of studies by classifying interventions based on core components, outcome measures, diagnostic population and rated the quality of evidence and strength of recommendations using GRADE criteria. RESULTS Total 13 studies with 1025 patients were included for the detailed analysis. Findings emphasize the importance of assessing effectiveness and safety of Resistance Training in individuals with coronary artery disease. Patient specific designed exercise programs as Resistance Training targets at enhancing patients' exercise tolerance, improves hemodynamic response and muscular strength with reduction in body fat composition. CONCLUSION Resistance Training is an effective exercise that should be incorporated to counteract the loss of muscle strength, muscle mass, and physiological vulnerability, as well as to combat the associated debilitating effects on physical functioning, mobility and overall independence and Quality of Life during rehabilitation of patients with coronary artery disease.
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Affiliation(s)
- Abhishek Sharma
- Department of Paediatric and Neonatal Physiotherapy, Maharishi Markandeshwar Institute of Physiotherapy and Rehabilitation, Maharishi Markandeshwar (Deemed to be University), Mullana 133207, India
- Correspondence:
| | - Nidhi Sharma
- Department of Neurological Physiotherapy, Maharishi Markandeshwar Institute of Physiotherapy and Rehabilitation, Maharishi Markandeshwar (Deemed to be University), Mullana 133207, India
| | - Sakshi Vats
- Department of Musculoskeletal Physiotherapy, Maharishi Markandeshwar Institute of Physiotherapy and Rehabilitation, Maharishi Markandeshwar (Deemed to be University), Mullana 133207, India
| | - Mansi Jain
- Department of Musculoskeletal Physiotherapy, Maharishi Markandeshwar Institute of Physiotherapy and Rehabilitation, Maharishi Markandeshwar (Deemed to be University), Mullana 133207, India
| | - Aksh Chahal
- Department of Musculoskeletal Physiotherapy, Maharishi Markandeshwar Institute of Physiotherapy and Rehabilitation, Maharishi Markandeshwar (Deemed to be University), Mullana 133207, India
| | - Faizan Z. Kashoo
- Department of Physical Therapy and Health Rehabilitation, College of Applied Medical Sciences, Majmaah University, Al Majmaah 11952, Saudi Arabia
| | - Ali Hakamy
- Respiratory Therapy Department, Faculty of Applied Medical Sciences, Jazan University, P.O. Box 114, Jazan 45142, Saudi Arabia
| | - Ramzi Abdu Alajam
- Physical Therapy Department, College of Applied Medical Sciences, Jazan University, P.O. Box 114, Jazan 45142, Saudi Arabia
| | - Mohammed M. Alshehri
- Physical Therapy Department, College of Applied Medical Sciences, Jazan University, P.O. Box 114, Jazan 45142, Saudi Arabia
| | - Mallela Bharath Kumar
- Physical Therapy Department, College of Applied Medical Sciences, Jazan University, P.O. Box 114, Jazan 45142, Saudi Arabia
| | - Ramya Ramasamy Sanjeevi
- Physical Therapy Department, College of Applied Medical Sciences, Jazan University, P.O. Box 114, Jazan 45142, Saudi Arabia
| | - Fawwaz Alwadaani
- Physical Therapy Department, College of Applied Medical Sciences, Jazan University, P.O. Box 114, Jazan 45142, Saudi Arabia
| | - Mohammad Abu Shaphe
- Physical Therapy Department, College of Applied Medical Sciences, Jazan University, P.O. Box 114, Jazan 45142, Saudi Arabia
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217
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Qi J, Han W, Zhong N, Gou Q, Sun C. Integrated analysis of miRNA-mRNA regulatory network and functional verification of miR-338-3p in coronary heart disease. Funct Integr Genomics 2022; 23:16. [PMID: 36562844 DOI: 10.1007/s10142-022-00941-w] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/11/2022] [Revised: 12/13/2022] [Accepted: 12/14/2022] [Indexed: 12/24/2022]
Abstract
Coronary heart disease is a cardiovascular disease with high morbidity and mortality. Although great progress has been made in treatment, the prognosis is still very poor. Therefore, this project aims to screen potential diagnostic markers and therapeutic targets related to the progression of coronary heart disease. A total of 94 overlapping differentially expressed mRNAs and 70 differentially expressed miRNAs were identified from GSE20681, GSE12288, GSE49823, and GSE105449. Through a series of bioinformatics methods and experiment, we obtained 5 core miRNA-mRNA regulatory pairs, and selected miR-338-3p/RPS23 for functional analysis. Moreover, we found that RPS23 directly targets miR-338-3p by dual luciferase assay, western, and qPCR. And the expression of miR-338-3p and RPS23 is negatively correlated. The AUC value of miR-338-3p is 0.847. Downregulation of miR-338-3p can significantly inhibit the proliferation and migration of HUVEC. On the contrary, overexpression of miR-338-3p promoted the proliferation and migration of HUVEC. In addition, the interference of RPS23 expression can reverse the regulation of miR-338-3p on HUVEC proliferation. In conclusion, miR-338-3p/RPS23 may be involved in the progression of coronary heart disease, and miR-338-3p may be a diagnostic biomarker and therapeutic target for coronary heart disease.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jie Qi
- Second Department of Cardiovascular Medicine, Shaanxi Provincial People's Hospital, Xi'an, 710068, People's Republic of China.,Cardiovascular Medicine, First Affiliated Hospital of Xi'an Jiaotong University, Xi'an, 710061, People's Republic of China
| | - Wenqi Han
- Second Department of Cardiovascular Medicine, Shaanxi Provincial People's Hospital, Xi'an, 710068, People's Republic of China
| | - Nier Zhong
- Second Department of Cardiovascular Medicine, Shaanxi Provincial People's Hospital, Xi'an, 710068, People's Republic of China
| | - Qiling Gou
- Second Department of Cardiovascular Medicine, Shaanxi Provincial People's Hospital, Xi'an, 710068, People's Republic of China
| | - Chaofeng Sun
- Cardiovascular Medicine, First Affiliated Hospital of Xi'an Jiaotong University, Xi'an, 710061, People's Republic of China.
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Zhang T, Ren H, Du Z, Zou T, Guang X, Zhang Y, Tian Y, Zhu L, Yu J, Yu X, Zhang Z, Dai H. Diversified Shifts in the Cross Talk between Members of the Gut Microbiota and Development of Coronary Artery Diseases. Microbiol Spectr 2022; 10:e0280422. [PMID: 36301099 PMCID: PMC9769841 DOI: 10.1128/spectrum.02804-22] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/21/2022] [Accepted: 09/30/2022] [Indexed: 01/09/2023] Open
Abstract
Coronary artery disease (CAD) is one of leading causes of mortality worldwide. Studies on roles that the gut microbiota plays in development of atherosclerosis or acute myocardial infarction (AMI) have been widely reported. However, the gut microbiota is affected by many factors, including age, body mass index (BMI), and hypertension, that lead to high CAD risk. However, the associations between gut microbiota and CAD development or other CAD risk factors remain unexplored. Here, we performed a 16S RNA gene sequencing analysis of 306 fecal samples collected from patients with mild coronary stenosis (MCS; n = 36), stable angina (SA; n = 91), unstable angina (UA; n = 48), and acute myocardial infarction (AMI; n = 66) and 65 non-CAD controls. Using a noise-corrected method based on principal-component analysis (PCA) and the random forest algorithm, we identified the interference with gut microbial profiling of multiple factors (including age, gender, BMI, and hypertension) that potentially contributed significantly to the development of CAD. After correction of noise interference from certain interfering factors, we found consistent indicator microbiota organisms (such as Vampirovibrio, Ruminococcus, and Eisenbergiella) associated with the presence of MCS, SA, and AMI. Establishment of a diagnostic model revealed better performance in early CAD than clinical indexes with indicator microbes. Furthermore, indicator microbes can improve the accuracy of clinical indexes for the diagnosis of AMI. Additionally, we found that the microbial indicators of AMI Sporobacter and Eisenbergiella showed consistent positive and negative correlations to the clinical indexes creatine kinase (CK) and hemoglobin (Hb), respectively. As a control indicator of AMI, Dorea was negatively correlated with CK but positively correlated with Hb. IMPORTANCE Our study discovered the effect of confounding factors on gut microbial variations and identified gut microbial indicators possibly associated with the CAD development after noise correction. Our discovered indicator microbes may have potential for diagnosis or therapy of cardiovascular disorders.
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Affiliation(s)
- Tao Zhang
- State Key Laboratory for Conservation and Utilization of Bio-Resources in Yunnan, School of Life Sciences, Yunnan University, Kunming, Yunnan, People’s Republic of China
| | - Haiqing Ren
- Department of Cardiology, Key Laboratory of Cardiovascular Disease of Yunnan Province, Yan’an Affiliated Hospital of Kunming Medical University, Kunming, People’s Republic of China
| | - Zhihui Du
- Department of Ultrasonography, Ordos Central Hospital, Ordos, Inner Mongolia, People’s Republic of China
| | - Tong Zou
- Department of Cardiology, Beijing Hospital, National Center of Gerontology, Institute of Geriatric Medicine, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences, Beijing, People’s Republic of China
| | - Xuefeng Guang
- Department of Cardiology, Key Laboratory of Cardiovascular Disease of Yunnan Province, Yan’an Affiliated Hospital of Kunming Medical University, Kunming, People’s Republic of China
| | - Yanan Zhang
- Department of Critical Care Medicine, The Affiliated Hospital of Qingdao University, Qingdao, Shandong, People’s Republic of China
| | - Yuqing Tian
- Department of Cardiology, Affiliated Hospital of Panzhihua University, Panzhihua, People’s Republic of China
| | - Lei Zhu
- State Key Laboratory for Conservation and Utilization of Bio-Resources in Yunnan, School of Life Sciences, Yunnan University, Kunming, Yunnan, People’s Republic of China
| | - Jiangkun Yu
- State Key Laboratory for Conservation and Utilization of Bio-Resources in Yunnan, School of Life Sciences, Yunnan University, Kunming, Yunnan, People’s Republic of China
| | - Xue Yu
- Department of Cardiology, Beijing Hospital, National Center of Gerontology, Institute of Geriatric Medicine, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences, Beijing, People’s Republic of China
| | - Zhigang Zhang
- State Key Laboratory for Conservation and Utilization of Bio-Resources in Yunnan, School of Life Sciences, Yunnan University, Kunming, Yunnan, People’s Republic of China
| | - Hailong Dai
- Department of Cardiology, Key Laboratory of Cardiovascular Disease of Yunnan Province, Yan’an Affiliated Hospital of Kunming Medical University, Kunming, People’s Republic of China
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Zhang Y, Wang R, Fu X, Song H. Non-insulin-based insulin resistance indexes in predicting severity for coronary artery disease. Diabetol Metab Syndr 2022; 14:191. [PMID: 36528713 PMCID: PMC9759860 DOI: 10.1186/s13098-022-00967-x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 16] [Impact Index Per Article: 8.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/28/2022] [Accepted: 12/12/2022] [Indexed: 12/23/2022] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Triglyceride and glucose (TyG) index, triglyceride glucose-body mass (TyG-BMI) index, triglyceride to high-density lipoprotein cholesterol (TG/HDL-C) ratio, and metabolic score for insulin resistance (METS-IR) are considered simple and reliable indicators of insulin resistance (IR). Although they have been associated with coronary artery disease (CAD), evidence supporting this is limited. Here, this is the first study to demonstrate the relationship between TyG-BMI index and CAD severity. The performance of the four non-insulin-based IR indexes in predicting CAD severity was explored. METHODS We retrospectively analyzed 485 CAD patients between August 2020 and August 2021 in China, who were assigned into single- and multi-vessel CAD groups according to the coronary angiography (CAG) results. All patients were stratified into groups based on the tertiles of the TyG index, TyG-BMI index, TG/HDL-C ratio, and METS-IR. RESULTS Patients in the multi-vessel CAD group had significantly higher TyG index, TyG-BMI index, TG/HDL-C ratio and METS-IR than those in the single-vessel CAD group. After adjusting for confounding factors, these four indicators were significantly associated with the risk of multi-vessel CAD. Notably, the highest tertile of TyG index, TyG-BMI index, TG/HDL-C ratio and METS-IR were significantly associated with the risk of multi-vessel CAD compared to participants in the lowest tertile. We also constructed receiver operating characteristic (ROC) curve, to assess CAD severity. The area under the curve (AUC) of the ROC plots was 0.673 (95% CI 0.620-0.726; P < 0.001) for TyG index, while those for the TyG-BMI index, TG/HDL-C ratio, and METS-IR were 0.704 (95% CI 0.652-0.755; P < 0.001), 0.652 (95% CI 0.597-0.708; P < 0.001), and 0.726 (95% CI 0.677-0.775; P < 0.001), respectively. CONCLUSIONS TyG-BMI index is not only significantly associated with CAD severity, but is also an independent risk factor for multi-vessel CAD. The TyG index, TyG-BMI index, TG/HDL-C ratio, and METS-IR could be valuable predictors of CAD severity. Among the four non-insulin-based IR indexes, METS-IR had the highest predictive value, followed by TyG-BMI index.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yu Zhang
- Department of Endocrinology and Diabetes, The Second Affiliated Hospital of Harbin Medical University, Harbin, China
| | - Ruiling Wang
- Department of Endocrinology and Diabetes, The Second Affiliated Hospital of Harbin Medical University, Harbin, China
| | - Xuelian Fu
- Department of Endocrinology and Diabetes, The Second Affiliated Hospital of Harbin Medical University, Harbin, China
| | - Haiyan Song
- Department of Endocrinology and Diabetes, The Second Affiliated Hospital of Harbin Medical University, Harbin, China
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Huo Y, Feng Q, Fan J, Huang J, Zhu Y, Wu Y, Hou A, Zhu L. Serum brain-derived neurotrophic factor in coronary heart disease: Correlation with the T helper (Th)1/Th2 ratio, Th17/regulatory T (Treg) ratio, and major adverse cardiovascular events. J Clin Lab Anal 2022; 37:e24803. [PMID: 36510348 PMCID: PMC9833972 DOI: 10.1002/jcla.24803] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/23/2022] [Revised: 11/22/2022] [Accepted: 11/28/2022] [Indexed: 12/14/2022] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Brain-derived neurotrophic factor (BDNF) exerts protective roles against dyslipidemia, atherosclerosis, and inflammation in cardiovascular diseases; meanwhile, it retards CD4+ T cell differentiation into T helper (Th)1 and Th17 cells. Hence, this study aimed to investigate the linkage of serum BDNF with Th1/Th2 ratio, Th17/regulatory T (Treg) ratio, and major adverse cardiovascular events (MACE) risk in the coronary heart disease (CHD) patients. METHODS This prospective study detected serum BDNF in 210 CHD patients, 50 disease controls (DCs), and 50 healthy controls (HCs) using an enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay. For CHD patients only, the proportion of Th1, Th2, Th17, and Treg cells in blood CD4+ T cells was calculated by flow cytometry. RESULTS The BDNF varied among CHD patients, DC, and HC (p < 0.001). Specifically, BDNF was declined in CHD patients compared with DCs (p < 0.001) and HCs (p < 0.001). In CHD patients, BDNF was negatively related to Th1 cells (p = 0.031), Th1/Th2 ratio (p = 0.026), Th17 cells (p = 0.001), and Th17/Treg ratio (p = 0.002). Concerning the prognosis, BDNF was reduced in patients with MACE occurrence compared to patients without MACE occurrence (p = 0.006). Furthermore, BDNF showed a trend (lacked statistical significance) to relate to longer MACE-free survival (p = 0.059). Besides, BDNF was related to the absence of obesity (p = 0.019), decreased total cholesterol (p = 0.043), low-density lipoprotein cholesterol (p = 0.019), C-reactive protein (p = 0.012), and Gensini score (p = 0.005). CONCLUSION Serum BDNF negatively correlates with Th1/Th2 ratio, Th17/Treg ratio, and estimates lower MACE risk in CHD patients.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yanfei Huo
- Physical Examination CenterHanDan Central HospitalHandanChina
| | - Qiang Feng
- Department of CardiologyHanDan Central HospitalHandanChina
| | - Jie Fan
- Department of CardiologyHanDan Central HospitalHandanChina
| | - Jing Huang
- Geriatrics DepartmentHanDan Central HospitalHandanChina
| | - Yanling Zhu
- Department of CardiologyHanDan Central HospitalHandanChina
| | - Yanqiang Wu
- Department of CardiologyHanDan Central HospitalHandanChina
| | - Aijun Hou
- Department of CardiologyHanDan Central HospitalHandanChina
| | - Lin Zhu
- Department of CardiologyHanDan Central HospitalHandanChina
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Improving service efficiency and throughput of cardiac surgery patients using Monte Carlo simulation: a queueing setting. Sci Rep 2022; 12:21217. [PMID: 36481779 PMCID: PMC9731950 DOI: 10.1038/s41598-022-25689-y] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/09/2022] [Accepted: 12/02/2022] [Indexed: 12/13/2022] Open
Abstract
Bed occupancy rate (BOR) is important for healthcare policymakers. Studies showed the necessity of using simulation approach when encountering complex real-world problems to plan the optimal use of resources and improve the quality of services. So, the aim of the present study is to estimate average length of stay (LOS), BOR, bed blocking probability (BBP), and throughput of patients in a cardiac surgery department (CSD) using simulation models. We studied the behavior of a CSD as a complex queueing system at the Farshchian Hospital. In the queueing model, customers were patients and servers were beds in intensive care unit (ICU) and post-operative ward (POW). A computer program based on the Monte Carlo simulation, using Python software, was developed to evaluate the behavior of the system under different number of beds in ICU and POW. The queueing simulation study showed that, for a fixed number of beds in ICU, BOR in POW decreases as the number of beds in POW increases and LOS in ICU increases as the number of beds in POW decreases. Also, based on the available data, the throughput of patients in the CSD during 800 days was 1999 patients. Whereas, the simulation results showed that, 2839 patients can be operated in the same period. The results of the simulation study clearly demonstrated the behavior of the CSD; so, it must be mentioned, hospital administrators should design an efficient plan to increase BOR and throughput of patients in the future.
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Wang Y, Wang Y, Sun S, Liu X, Zhao W, Li W, Suo M, Wu Z, Wu X. Triglyceride-glucose index level and variability and outcomes in patients with acute coronary syndrome undergoing percutaneous coronary intervention: an observational cohort study. Lipids Health Dis 2022; 21:134. [PMID: 36482415 PMCID: PMC9733246 DOI: 10.1186/s12944-022-01731-w] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/20/2022] [Accepted: 11/03/2022] [Indexed: 12/13/2022] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND The associations between the long-term triglyceride-glucose (TyG) index level and variability and clinical outcomes in patients with acute coronary syndrome (ACS) undergoing percutaneous coronary intervention (PCI) have not been well studied. METHODS A total of 1,694 ACS patients with at least three postbaseline TyG index measurements within 2 years after PCI were included in the present study. The TyG index was defined as ln (fasting triglycerides [mg/dL] × fasting plasma glucose [mg/dL]/2). Multivariable-adjusted Cox proportional hazard models were used to examine the association between baseline and mean TyG index levels and TyG index variability and the risk of major adverse cardiovascular and cerebrovascular events (MACCEs). RESULTS During the median follow-up of 31 months, the overall incidence of MACCE was 5.9%. Both high baseline and mean TyG index levels were independently associated with an increased risk of MACCEs after adjustment for multiple potential confounders (hazard ratio [HR) 1.76 95% confidence interval [CI] 1.06-2.93; and HR 2.73 95% CI 1.57-4.74). Similarly, higher TyG index variability by successive variation (SD) was well related to a higher prevalence of MACCEs (HR 2.17 95% CI 1.28-3.68). In addition, the mean TyG index level showed a stronger risk prediction for MACCEs than the baseline TyG index level and TyG index-SD (AUCs 0.618 vs 0.566 vs 0.566). CONCLUSIONS The risk of MACCEs significantly increased with higher baseline and mean TyG index levels, as well as TyG index variability, in patients with ACS undergoing PCI. In particular, the mean TyG index level exhibited the highest predicting ability for MACCEs. Therefore, monitoring the long-term pattern of the TyG index deserves attention in clinical practice.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yue Wang
- grid.411606.40000 0004 1761 5917Integrated Ward of Cardiology, Beijing Anzhen Hospital, Capital Medical University, Beijing, 100029 China
| | - Yue Wang
- grid.411606.40000 0004 1761 5917Integrated Ward of Cardiology, Beijing Anzhen Hospital, Capital Medical University, Beijing, 100029 China
| | - Shuaifeng Sun
- grid.411606.40000 0004 1761 5917Integrated Ward of Cardiology, Beijing Anzhen Hospital, Capital Medical University, Beijing, 100029 China
| | - Xinyan Liu
- grid.411606.40000 0004 1761 5917Integrated Ward of Cardiology, Beijing Anzhen Hospital, Capital Medical University, Beijing, 100029 China
| | - Wenxin Zhao
- grid.411606.40000 0004 1761 5917Integrated Ward of Cardiology, Beijing Anzhen Hospital, Capital Medical University, Beijing, 100029 China
| | - Wenzheng Li
- grid.411606.40000 0004 1761 5917Center for Coronary Artery Disease, Beijing Anzhen Hospital, Capital Medical University, Beijing, 100029 China
| | - Min Suo
- grid.411606.40000 0004 1761 5917Integrated Ward of Cardiology, Beijing Anzhen Hospital, Capital Medical University, Beijing, 100029 China
| | - Zheng Wu
- grid.411606.40000 0004 1761 5917Center for Coronary Artery Disease, Beijing Anzhen Hospital, Capital Medical University, Beijing, 100029 China
| | - Xiaofan Wu
- grid.411606.40000 0004 1761 5917Integrated Ward of Cardiology, Beijing Anzhen Hospital, Capital Medical University, Beijing, 100029 China
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Oldershaw RA, Richardson G, Carling P, Owens WA, Lundy DJ, Meeson A. Cardiac Mesenchymal Stem Cell-like Cells Derived from a Young Patient with Bicuspid Aortic Valve Disease Have a Prematurely Aged Phenotype. Biomedicines 2022; 10:3143. [PMID: 36551899 PMCID: PMC9775343 DOI: 10.3390/biomedicines10123143] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/04/2022] [Revised: 11/25/2022] [Accepted: 11/28/2022] [Indexed: 12/12/2022] Open
Abstract
There is significant interest in the role of stem cells in cardiac regeneration, and yet little is known about how cardiac disease progression affects native cardiac stem cells in the human heart. In this brief report, cardiac mesenchymal stem cell-like cells (CMSCLC) from the right atria of a 21-year-old female patient with a bicuspid aortic valve and aortic stenosis (referred to as biscuspid aortic valve disease BAVD-CMSCLC), were compared with those of a 78-year-old female patient undergoing coronary artery bypass surgery (referred to as coronary artery disease CAD-CMSCLC). Cells were analyzed for expression of MSC markers, ability to form CFU-Fs, metabolic activity, cell cycle kinetics, expression of NANOG and p16, and telomere length. The cardiac-derived cells expressed MSC markers and were able to form CFU-Fs, with higher rate of formation in CAD-CMSCLCs. BAVD-CMSCLCs did not display normal MSC morphology, had a much lower cell doubling rate, and were less metabolically active than CAD-CMSCLCs. Cell cycle analysis revealed a population of BAVD-CMSCLC in G2/M phase, whereas the bulk of CAD-CMSCLC were in the G0/G1 phase. BAVD-CMSCLC had lower expression of NANOG and shorter telomere lengths, but higher expression of p16 compared with the CAD-CMSCLC. In conclusion, BAVD-CMSCLC have a prematurely aged phenotype compared with CAD-CMSCLC, despite originating from a younger patient.
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Affiliation(s)
- Rachel A. Oldershaw
- Department of Musculoskeletal and Ageing Science, Institute of Life Course and Medical Sciences, Faculty of Health and Life Sciences, University of Liverpool, William Henry Duncan Building, 6 West Derby Street, Liverpool L7 8TX, UK
| | - Gavin Richardson
- Newcastle University Bioscience Institute, Newcastle University, International Centre for Life, Central Parkway, Newcastle upon Tyne NE1 3BZ, UK
| | - Phillippa Carling
- Newcastle University Bioscience Institute, Newcastle University, International Centre for Life, Central Parkway, Newcastle upon Tyne NE1 3BZ, UK
| | - W. Andrew Owens
- Newcastle University Bioscience Institute, Newcastle University, International Centre for Life, Central Parkway, Newcastle upon Tyne NE1 3BZ, UK
- Department of Cardiothoracic Surgery, South Tees Hospitals NHS Foundation Trust, Middlesbrough TS4 3BW, UK
| | - David J. Lundy
- Graduate Institute of Biomedical Materials and Tissue Engineering, Taipei Medical University, Taipei 110, Taiwan
| | - Annette Meeson
- Newcastle University Bioscience Institute, Newcastle University, International Centre for Life, Central Parkway, Newcastle upon Tyne NE1 3BZ, UK
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Tavakoli-Rouzbehani OM, Abbasnezhad M, Kheirouri S, Alizadeh M. Efficacy of nigella sativa oil on endothelial function and atherogenic indices in patients with coronary artery diseases: A randomized, double-blind, placebo-control clinical trial. Phytother Res 2022; 36:4516-4526. [PMID: 35871718 DOI: 10.1002/ptr.7568] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/22/2021] [Revised: 01/15/2022] [Accepted: 06/22/2022] [Indexed: 12/24/2022]
Abstract
A therapeutic compound with antioxidant and anti-inflammatory effects might be a practical approach in endothelial dysfunction caused by oxidation and inflammation associated with atherosclerosis. Therefore, we aim to examine the efficacy of Nigella sativa (NS) oil supplementation on endothelial function and atherogenic indices in coronary artery disease (CAD) patients. Sixty individuals aged between 35 to 65 years old were recruited and divided into two groups, receiving either 2 g/daily of NS oil or sunflower oil as the placebo for 8 weeks. Serum levels of adhesion molecules, oxidative markers, and atherogenic parameters were evaluated at the starting point and the end of supplementation. Serum levels of vascular cell adhesion protein 1 (sVCAM-1) [-264.44 95% C, (156.83, 372.04)], intercellular adhesion molecule 1 (sICAM-1) [-132.38 95% C, (40.64, 224.1)], and malondialdehyde (MDA) [-0.21 95% C, (0.03, 0.40)] declined significantly following NS supplementation, while total antioxidant capacity increased [0.03 95% C, (0.03, 0.16)]. NS oil supplementation demonstrated a potential beneficial effect on endothelial function by reducing ICAM-1, VCAM-1 levels and affecting oxidative markers. However, further studies are necessary to elucidate NS oil as a therapeutic agent and complementary therapy in patients with stable CAD.
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Affiliation(s)
- Omid Mohammad Tavakoli-Rouzbehani
- Student Research Committee, Tabriz University of Medical Sciences, Tabriz, Iran.,Nutrition Research Center, Faculty of Nutrition and Food Sciences, Tabriz University of Medical Sciences, Tabriz, Iran
| | - Mohsen Abbasnezhad
- Cardiovascular Research Center, Tabriz University of Medical Sciences, Tabriz, Iran
| | - Sorayya Kheirouri
- Department of Clinical Nutrition, Faculty of Nutrition and Food Science, Tabriz University of Medical Sciences, Tabriz, Iran
| | - Mohammad Alizadeh
- Nutrition Research Center, Faculty of Nutrition and Food Sciences, Tabriz University of Medical Sciences, Tabriz, Iran
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225
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Zeraatian Nejad S, Akhlaghpasand M, Mohammadi I, Soltani K, Eghbali F. First Successful Human Coronary Artery Bypass Surgery Postoperative Heart Transplant: A Case Report. EXP CLIN TRANSPLANT 2022; 20:1141-1144. [PMID: 36718012 DOI: 10.6002/ect.2022.0312] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/01/2023]
Abstract
Heart transplant is now the treatment of choice for patients with advanced heart failure who are refractory to medical treatment. With a small number of candidates who meet the traditional criteria of a heart donor, we aimed to alleviate this shortage. In this article, we report a 43-year-old woman with a highly urgent heart requirement, according to acute decompensated heart failure, who received a heart with coronary artery grafts from a 50-year-old woman with the diagnosis of 3-vessel disease. Our review of her 1-year follow-up demonstrated the absence of any cardiac or other problems and survival of the patient. There have been no reports in the relevant literature of transplanting marginal hearts from donors who have previously undergone coronary artery bypass graft before transplant. According to our findings, transplant of a marginal heart with coronary artery grafts can be successful; additional studies with larger samples are warranted to further investigate the results of transplanting marginal hearts from donors who have previously undergone coronary artery bypass graft procedures.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sam Zeraatian Nejad
- From the Rockingham Medical Research Centre, Rockingham, Australia.,From the Department of Cardiovascular Surgery, Hazrate Rasoole Akram Hospitall, Iran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
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Zare Mehrjardi E, Dehghan Tezerjani M, Shemshad Ghad F, Seifati SM. Evaluation of miR-146a (rs2910164) polymorphism in coronary artery disease: Case-control and silico analysis. GENE REPORTS 2022. [DOI: 10.1016/j.genrep.2022.101687] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/14/2022]
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227
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Jiang Y, Yang ZG, Wang J, Shi R, Han PL, Qian WL, Yan WF, Li Y. Unsupervised machine learning based on clinical factors for the detection of coronary artery atherosclerosis in type 2 diabetes mellitus. Cardiovasc Diabetol 2022; 21:259. [PMID: 36443722 PMCID: PMC9706943 DOI: 10.1186/s12933-022-01700-8] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/20/2022] [Accepted: 11/17/2022] [Indexed: 11/30/2022] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Coronary atherosclerosis can lead to serious cardiovascular events. In type 2 diabetes (T2DM) patients, the effects of clinical factors on coronary atherosclerosis have not been fully elucidated. We used a clustering method to distinguish the population heterogeneity of T2DM and the differences in coronary atherosclerosis evaluated on coronary computed tomography angiography (CCTA) among groups and to facilitate clinical management. METHODS Clinical data from 1157 T2DM patients with coronary atherosclerosis who underwent CCTA in our hospital from January 2018 to September 2021 were retrospectively collected. The coronary artery segment plaque type and stenosis, the number of involved vessels, the segment involvement score (SIS) and the segment stenosis score (SSS) were evaluated and calculated. Unsupervised clustering analysis based on clinical information was used (cluster 1: n = 463; cluster 2: n = 341; cluster 3: n = 353). The association of coronary plaque characteristics with cluster groups was evaluated. RESULTS The clinical data among the three groups were different in several aspects: (1) Cluster 1 had the least male patients (41.7%), the lowest proportion of patients with smoking (0%) or alcohol history (0.9%), and the lowest level of serum creatinine (74.46 ± 22.18 µmol/L); (2) Cluster 2 had the shortest duration of diabetes (7.90 ± 8.20 years) and was less likely to be treated with diabetes (42.2%) or statins (17.6%) and (3) Cluster 3 was the youngest (65.89 ± 10.15 years old) and had the highest proportion of male patients (96.6%), the highest proportion of patients with smoking (91.2%) and alcohol (59.8%) history, the highest level of eGFR (83.81 ± 19.06 ml/min/1.73m2), and the lowest level of HDL-C (1.07 ± 0.28 mmol/L). The CCTA characteristics varied with different clusters: (1) Cluster 1 had the largest number of segments with calcified plaques (2.43 ± 2.46) and the least number of segments with mixed plaques (2.24 ± 2.59) and obstructive stenosis (0.98 ± 2.00); (2) Cluster 1 had the lowest proportion of patients with mixed plaques (68%) and obstructive stenosis (32.2%); (3) Cluster 3 had more segments with noncalcified plaques than cluster 1 (0.63 ± 1.02 vs 0.40 ± 0.78, P < 0.05) and the highest proportion of patients with noncalcified plaques (39.9%) and (4) There was no significant difference in the extent of coronary plaques among the three clusters. CONCLUSIONS The unsupervised clustering method could address T2DM patients with heterogeneous clinical indicators and identify groups with different types of coronary plaque and degrees of coronary stenosis. This method has the potential for patient stratification, which is essential for the clinical management of T2DM patients with coronary atherosclerosis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yu Jiang
- grid.13291.380000 0001 0807 1581Department of Radiology, West China Hospital, Sichuan University, 37# Guo Xue Xiang, Chengdu, 610041 Sichuan China
| | - Zhi-Gang Yang
- grid.13291.380000 0001 0807 1581Department of Radiology, West China Hospital, Sichuan University, 37# Guo Xue Xiang, Chengdu, 610041 Sichuan China
| | - Jin Wang
- grid.13291.380000 0001 0807 1581Department of Radiology, West China Hospital, Sichuan University, 37# Guo Xue Xiang, Chengdu, 610041 Sichuan China
| | - Rui Shi
- grid.13291.380000 0001 0807 1581Department of Radiology, West China Hospital, Sichuan University, 37# Guo Xue Xiang, Chengdu, 610041 Sichuan China
| | - Pei-Lun Han
- grid.13291.380000 0001 0807 1581West China Biomedical Big Data Centre, West China Hospital, Sichuan University, Chengdu, China
| | - Wen-Lei Qian
- grid.13291.380000 0001 0807 1581Department of Radiology, West China Hospital, Sichuan University, 37# Guo Xue Xiang, Chengdu, 610041 Sichuan China
| | - Wei-Feng Yan
- grid.13291.380000 0001 0807 1581Department of Radiology, West China Hospital, Sichuan University, 37# Guo Xue Xiang, Chengdu, 610041 Sichuan China
| | - Yuan Li
- grid.13291.380000 0001 0807 1581Department of Radiology, West China Hospital, Sichuan University, 37# Guo Xue Xiang, Chengdu, 610041 Sichuan China
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Mahdavi-Roshan M, Mozafarihashjin M, Shoaibinobarian N, Ghorbani Z, Salari A, Savarrakhsh A, Hekmatdoost A. Evaluating the use of novel atherogenicity indices and insulin resistance surrogate markers in predicting the risk of coronary artery disease: a case‒control investigation with comparison to traditional biomarkers. Lipids Health Dis 2022; 21:126. [DOI: 10.1186/s12944-022-01732-9] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/05/2022] [Accepted: 11/03/2022] [Indexed: 11/28/2022] Open
Abstract
Abstract
Background
Due to the contribution of coronary artery disease (CAD) to serious cardiovascular events, determining biomarkers that could robustly predict its risk would be of utmost importance. Thus, this research was designed to assess the value of traditional cardio-metabolic indices, and more novel atherogenicity indices and insulin resistance surrogate markers in the identification of individuals at risk of CAD.
Methods
A case‒control survey was conducted, in which 3085 individuals were enrolled. Their clinical and biochemical data were gathered at baseline. The investigated indices included the atherogenic index of plasma (AIP), triglyceride-glucose (TyG) index, TyG-body mass index (TyG-BMI), lipoprotein combine index (LCI), cholesterol index (CHOLINDEX), Castelli’s risk indices-I, II (CRI-I, CRI-II), and metabolic score for insulin resistance (METS − IR). To examine the relationship between these variables and CAD risk, multiple regression analyses adjusted for potential confounders were conducted.
Results
Overall, 774 angiographically confirmed CAD patients (mean age = 54 years) were compared with 3085 controls (mean age = 51 years). Higher triglyceride, total cholesterol and fasting blood sugar levels and lower HDL-C levels were related to an elevated risk of CAD (P-for-trend < 0.001), while the direct association between increased serum LDL-C concentrations and a greater risk of CAD only became apparent when excluding those with diabetes, and statin users. Among novel indices, greater values of the majority of these markers, including AIP, CRI-I, and -II, CHOLINDEX, LCI, and TyG-index, in comparison to the lower values, significantly elevated CAD risk (P-for-trend < 0.001).
Conclusion
According to the current findings, novel atherogenicity indices and insulin resistance surrogate markers, in particular, AIP, CRI-I and II, CHOLINDEX, LCI, and TyG-index, may be useful in predicting CAD risk.
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Targeted Nanoparticles for the Binding of Injured Vascular Endothelium after Percutaneous Coronary Intervention. MOLECULES (BASEL, SWITZERLAND) 2022; 27:molecules27238144. [PMID: 36500236 PMCID: PMC9739478 DOI: 10.3390/molecules27238144] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/26/2022] [Revised: 11/19/2022] [Accepted: 11/20/2022] [Indexed: 11/25/2022]
Abstract
Percutaneous coronary intervention (PCI) is a common procedure for the management of coronary artery obstruction. However, it usually causes vascular wall injury leading to restenosis that limits the long-term success of the PCI endeavor. The ultimate objective of this study was to develop the targeting nanoparticles (NPs) that were destined for the injured subendothelium and attract endothelial progenitor cells (EPCs) to the damaged location for endothelium regeneration. Biodegradable poly(lactic-co-glycolic acid) (PLGA) NPs were conjugated with double targeting moieties, which are glycoprotein Ib alpha chain (GPIbα) and human single-chain antibody variable fragment (HuscFv) specific to the cluster of differentiation 34 (CD34). GPIb is a platelet receptor that interacts with the von Willebrand factor (vWF), highly deposited on the damaged subendothelial surface, while CD34 is a surface marker of EPCs. A candidate anti-CD34 HuscFv was successfully constructed using a phage display biopanning technique. The HuscFv could be purified and showed binding affinity to the CD34-positive cells. The GPIb-conjugated NPs (GPIb-NPs) could target vWF and prevent platelet adherence to vWF in vitro. Furthermore, the HuscFv-conjugated NPs (HuscFv-NPs) could capture CD34-positive cells. The bispecific NPs have high potential to locate at the damaged subendothelial surface and capture EPCs for accelerating the vessel repair.
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Fadil Azim DH, Mohd Ghazi A, Ong SH, Abdul Majid HS, Morgan K, Hickey A. Improving physical and psychological outcomes of cardiac patients using the Naluri app: A study protocol for a randomized controlled trial. HRB Open Res 2022. [DOI: 10.12688/hrbopenres.13629.1] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/19/2022] Open
Abstract
Background: Coronary artery disease (CAD) continues to be a significant burden to public health. Poor treatment and management can lead to more severe cardiac events that could result in death or disability. Early interventions like cardiac rehabilitation programs can provide patients the required knowledge, skills and support to recover from and prevent more cardiac events. Electronic health (eHealth) interventions have potential to complement hospital-based rehabilitation programs. This study aims to investigate the effectiveness of the Naluri app in improving health behaviours, clinical and psychological outcomes in a sample of cardiac patients in Malaysia. Methods: This study is a two-arm, parallel, superiority randomized control trial to be conducted at the Malaysian National Heart Institute. A total of 200 patients will be randomly assigned to either a 16-week theory-based Naluri app in addition to usual care (treatment) or to usual care only (control). Outcomes will be measured at baseline and at 16 weeks. Health behaviour outcomes include physical activity and diet. Clinical outcomes include BMI, hemoglobin A1c (HbA1c), and lipid levels. Psychological outcomes include anxiety, depression, and health related quality of life (HRQOL). The Naluri app theoretical framework is based on the Health Action Process Approach (HAPA) theory. Risk perception, self-efficacy, planning, intentions, outcome expectancies, illness perceptions and psychological outcomes will be measured using self-reported measures. Discussion: This trial will determine the effectiveness of the Naluri app intervention in improving various outcomes of cardiac patients after four months. It will provide data on the applicability of the HAPA theory in Mobile health (mHealth) intervention and the acceptance and efficacy of mHealth as a cardiac rehabilitation program for patients in Malaysia. The results may inform the potential implementation of the app for use with patients with other chronic illnesses like diabetes, stroke, and depression. Registration: Australia New Zealand Clinical Trials Registry (14/01/2019, ACTRN12619000104156).
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Development of Machine Learning Tools for Predicting Coronary Artery Disease in the Chinese Population. DISEASE MARKERS 2022; 2022:6030254. [DOI: 10.1155/2022/6030254] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/14/2022] [Revised: 10/09/2022] [Accepted: 11/01/2022] [Indexed: 11/19/2022]
Abstract
Purpose. Coronary artery disease (CAD) is one of the major cardiovascular diseases and the leading cause of death globally. Blood lipid profile is associated with CAD early risk. Therefore, we aim to establish machine learning models utilizing blood lipid profile to predict CAD risk. Methods. In this study, 193 non-CAD controls and 2001 newly-diagnosed CAD patients (1647 CAD patients who received lipid-lowering therapy and 354 who did not) were recruited. Clinical data and the result of routine blood lipids tests were collected. Moreover, low-density lipoprotein cholesterol (LDL-C) subfractions (LDLC-1 to LDLC-7) were classified and quantified using the Lipoprint system. Six predictive models (k-nearest neighbor classifier (KNN), logistic regression (LR), support vector machine (SVM), decision tree (DT), multilayer perceptron (MLP), and extreme gradient boosting (XGBoost)) were established and evaluated by the confusion matrix, area under the receiver operating characteristic (ROC) curve (AUC), recall (sensitivity), accuracy, precision, and F1 score. The selected features were analyzed and ranked. Results. While predicting the CAD development risk of the CAD patients without lipid-lowering therapy in the test set, all models obtained AUC values above 0.94, and the accuracy, precision, recall, and F1 score were above 0.84, 0.85, 0.92, and 0.88, respectively. While predicting the CAD development risk of all CAD patients in the test set, all models obtained AUC values above 0.91, and the accuracy, precision, recall, and F1 score were above 0.87, 0.94, 0.87, and 0.92, respectively. Importantly, small dense LDL-C (sdLDL-C) and LDLC-4 play pivotal roles in predicting CAD risk. Conclusions. In the present study, machine learning tools combining both clinical data and blood lipid profile showed excellent overall predictive power. It suggests that machine learning tools are suitable for predicting the risk of CAD development in the near future.
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Wang X, Ma J, Dong X, Bai Y, Zhang D. The anesthetic management of a patient undergoing simultaneous open abdominal aortic aneurysm repair and coronary artery bypass grafting: A case report. Medicine (Baltimore) 2022; 101:e31485. [PMID: 36397348 PMCID: PMC9666181 DOI: 10.1097/md.0000000000031485] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/19/2022] Open
Abstract
RATIONALE Surgery for abdominal aortic aneurysm (AAA) and concomitant severe coronary artery disease (CAD) is usually managed in a staged procedure. The anesthesia for concurrent surgery is rare and complex. In this report, we present an unusual case of undergoing simultaneous open abdominal aortic aneurysm (AAA) repair and coronary artery bypass grafting (CABG). PATIENT CONCERNS A 70-year-old male AAA patient with concurrent triple-vessel CAD underwent a simultaneous surgery. DIAGNOSIS The patient underwent computed tomography angiography (CTA) and coronary angiography. He was diagnosed with AAA and triple-vessel CAD. INTERVENTIONS The patient underwent simultaneous surgery. OUTCOMES The patient underwent anesthesia and surgery smoothly and was discharged on the 13th postoperative day. LESSONS The anesthetic management of simultaneous open abdominal aortic aneurysm repair and coronary artery bypass grafting is rare and complicated. Reasonable operation and anesthesia protocols, close monitoring and management of hemodynamic changes, and appropriate cell salvage and hemostasis measures are of great significance to increase perioperative safety and reduce the risk of postoperative complications.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xu’an Wang
- Department of Anesthesiology, Beijing Anzhen Hospital, Capital Medical University, Beijing, China
| | - Jun Ma
- Department of Anesthesiology, Beijing Anzhen Hospital, Capital Medical University, Beijing, China
- * Correspondence: Jun Ma, Department of Anesthesiology, Beijing Anzhen Hospital, Capital Medical University, 2 Anzhen Road, Beijing 100029, China (e-mail: )
| | - Xiuhua Dong
- Department of Anesthesiology, Beijing Anzhen Hospital, Capital Medical University, Beijing, China
| | - Yang Bai
- Department of Anesthesiology, Beijing Anzhen Hospital, Capital Medical University, Beijing, China
| | - Dongni Zhang
- Department of Anesthesiology, Beijing Anzhen Hospital, Capital Medical University, Beijing, China
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233
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Ilieva M, Panella R, Uchida S. MicroRNAs in Cancer and Cardiovascular Disease. Cells 2022; 11:cells11223551. [PMID: 36428980 PMCID: PMC9688578 DOI: 10.3390/cells11223551] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/26/2022] [Revised: 11/07/2022] [Accepted: 11/08/2022] [Indexed: 11/12/2022] Open
Abstract
Although cardiac tumor formation is rare, accumulating evidence suggests that the two leading causes of deaths, cancers, and cardiovascular diseases are similar in terms of pathogenesis, including angiogenesis, immune responses, and fibrosis. These similarities have led to the creation of new exciting field of study called cardio-oncology. Here, we review the similarities between cancer and cardiovascular disease from the perspective of microRNAs (miRNAs). As miRNAs are well-known regulators of translation by binding to the 3'-untranslated regions (UTRs) of messenger RNAs (mRNAs), we carefully dissect how a specific set of miRNAs are both oncomiRs (miRNAs in cancer) and myomiRs (muscle-related miRNAs). Furthermore, from the standpoint of similar pathogenesis, miRNAs categories related to the similar pathogenesis are discussed; namely, angiomiRs, Immune-miRs, and fibromiRs.
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234
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Li Y, Zhang J. Disease burden and risk factors of ischemic heart disease in China during 1990-2019 based on the Global Burden of Disease 2019 report: A systematic analysis. Front Public Health 2022; 10:973317. [PMID: 36408039 PMCID: PMC9670122 DOI: 10.3389/fpubh.2022.973317] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/20/2022] [Accepted: 08/29/2022] [Indexed: 11/06/2022] Open
Abstract
Objective The aim of this study was to identify the disease burden and risk factors of ischemic heart disease (IHD) in China, during 1990-2019, through a systematic analysis using the Global Burden of Disease (GBD) 2019 report in order to provide first-hand information for primary and secondary prevention of IHD in China. Methods Data on the rates of incidence, death, years of life lost (YLLs), years lived with disability (YLDs), and disability-adjusted life years (DALYs) of IHD were obtained from GBD2019 to determine the disease burden and risk factors of IHD in China. Results The rates of incidence, death, YLLs, YLDs, and DALYs of IHD in China increased at different levels during 1990-2019. The annual rate of change in incidence, death, YLLs, YLDs, and DALYs of IHD were 1.31%, 1.57%, 0.93%, 1.14%, and 0.94%, respectively. In 2019, the YLDs of IHD in Chinese women were higher, while the rates of incidence and death, YLLs, and DALYs were lower in Chinese women than in Chinese men. The disease burden of IHD had significant age differences, and people aged ≥70 years had the highest disease burden. A total of 24 risk factors were associated with the rates of death and DALYs of IHD, and the five most significant risk factors were high systolic blood pressure, high LDL cholesterol (LDL-C), smoking, ambient particulate matter pollution, and intake of a high-sodium diet. From 1990 to 2019, a high annual rate of change in IHD-related deaths and DALYs was observed due to ambient particulate matter pollution, high body mass index (BMI), and intake of a diet high in processed meat. Conclusion The results of the study revealed that the disease burden of IHD in China was on the rise, especially in people aged ≥70 years. The main disease burden of IHD in male patients was premature death and that in female patients was disability. Environmental, behavioral, and metabolic factors were considered the three main risks of the disease burden of IHD, with metabolic factors having the greatest impact. Therefore, periodic health check-ups and high-risk factor interventions for key populations should be strengthened from the grassroots level, which are conducive to further reducing the disease burden of IHD in China.
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235
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Li XL, Zhao CR, Pan CL, Jiang G, Zhang B. Role of bilirubin in the prognosis of coronary artery disease and its relationship with cardiovascular risk factors: a meta-analysis. BMC Cardiovasc Disord 2022; 22:458. [PMID: 36324069 PMCID: PMC9632050 DOI: 10.1186/s12872-022-02899-w] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/25/2022] [Accepted: 10/14/2022] [Indexed: 11/06/2022] Open
Abstract
Background Bilirubin is a heme catabolism product with antioxidant, anti-inflammatory, and anti-apoptotic properties and is implicated in the prognosis of several diseases. This study evaluates the prognostic role of bilirubin in coronary artery disease (CAD) patients. Methods After identifying studies from the literature, meta-analyses were performed to achieve a) overall estimates of serum total bilirubin levels in patients with myocardial infarction (MI), non-MI CAD and healthy individuals; b) odds ratios (OR) of adverse outcomes between higher and lower total bilirubin levels; c) standardized mean difference (SMD) in total bilirubin levels in patients with high vs low CAD severity; and d) correlation between disease severity and total bilirubin. Metaregression analyses were performed to examine the relationship between cardiovascular risk factors and increasing quantiles of total bilirubin levels. Results Forty-three studies were identified. Pooled serum total bilirubin levels were 0.72 mg/dl [95% confidence interval (CI): 0.60, 0.83] in MI patients; 0.65 mg/dl [95% CI: 0.60, 0.69] in non-MI CAD patients; and 0.66 mg/dl [95% CI: 0.56, 0.75] in healthy individuals. Higher total bilirubin levels were associated with greater odds of adverse outcomes in MI patients (OR: 1.08 [95% CI: 0.99, 1.18]) but lower odds in non-MI CAD patients (OR: 0.80 [95%CI: 0.73, 0.88]). Compared to non-severe cases, total bilirubin levels were higher in patients with severe MI (SMD 0.96 [95% CI: − 0.10, 2.01]; p = 0.074) but were lower in severe non-MI CAD patients (SMD − 0.30 [95%CI: − 0.56, − 0.03]; p = 0.02). Total bilirubin levels correlated positively with MI severity (r = 0.41 [95% CI: 0.24, 0.59]; p < 0.01) but correlated negatively with non-MI CAD severity (r = − 0.17 [95% CI: − 0.48, 0.14]; p = 0.28). Female sex was inversely associated with increasing quantiles of bilirubin (meta-regression coefficient: − 8.164 [− 14.531, − 1.769]; p = 0.016) in MI patients. Conclusion Prognostic role of bilirubin for CAD appears complicated, as different odds are observed for MI and non-MI CAD patients which weakens the case of causal involvement of bilirubin in CAD etiology or prognosis. Supplementary Information The online version contains supplementary material available at 10.1186/s12872-022-02899-w.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xiao-Ling Li
- Department of Neurology, Lanzhou University Second Hospital, Lanzhou, 730030, Gansu, China
| | - Cun-Rui Zhao
- Department of Cardiology, The First Hospital of Lanzhou University, No.1, Donggang West Road, Lanzhou, 730013, Gansu, China
| | - Chen-Liang Pan
- Department of Cardiology, The First Hospital of Lanzhou University, No.1, Donggang West Road, Lanzhou, 730013, Gansu, China
| | - Gaxue Jiang
- Department of Cardiology, The First Hospital of Lanzhou University, No.1, Donggang West Road, Lanzhou, 730013, Gansu, China
| | - Bo Zhang
- Department of Cardiology, The First Hospital of Lanzhou University, No.1, Donggang West Road, Lanzhou, 730013, Gansu, China.
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Relationships among social support, self-efficacy, and patient activation in community-dwelling older adults living with coronary heart disease: A cross-sectional study. Geriatr Nurs 2022; 48:139-144. [PMID: 36219932 DOI: 10.1016/j.gerinurse.2022.09.008] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/07/2022] [Revised: 09/14/2022] [Accepted: 09/15/2022] [Indexed: 02/05/2023]
Abstract
OBJECTIVES To explore whether social support indirectly influences patient activation through self-efficacy in older adults living with coronary heart disease. METHODS A cross-sectional study was conducted. Older patients (n=451) from four communities in the city of Qingdao completed a questionnaire survey. We conducted multiple linear regression models and bootstrap testing to assess the relationships among social support, self-efficacy, and patient activation. RESULTS Patient activation was positively correlated with social support (r = 0.524, P < 0.01) and with self-efficacy (r = 0.740, P < 0.01). The of social support had indirect positive effect on patient activation through self-efficacy and the effect was 58.8%. CONCLUSIONS We identified the critical role of social support and self-efficacy for the activation of community-dwelling older patients living with coronary heart disease. Our findings provide essential knowledge for developing and evaluating effective interventions to promote patient activation and enhance self-management of coronary heart disease.
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237
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Sheraz S, Ayub H, Ferraro FV, Razzaq A, Malik AN. Clinically Meaningful Change in 6 Minute Walking Test and the Incremental Shuttle Walking Test following Coronary Artery Bypass Graft Surgery. INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF ENVIRONMENTAL RESEARCH AND PUBLIC HEALTH 2022; 19:14270. [PMID: 36361150 PMCID: PMC9655553 DOI: 10.3390/ijerph192114270] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/13/2022] [Revised: 10/25/2022] [Accepted: 10/27/2022] [Indexed: 06/16/2023]
Abstract
The 6-min walk test (6MWT) and incremental shuttle walk test (ISWT) are widely used measures of exercise tolerance, which depict favorable performance characteristics in a variety of cardiac and pulmonary conditions. Both tests are valid and reliable method of assessing functional ability in cardiac rehabilitation population. Several studies have calculated the minimal clinically important difference (MCID) of these exercise tests in different populations. The current study aims to estimate MCID of 6MWT and ISWT in patients after Coronary artery bypass graft (CABG) surgery. In this descriptive observational study, nonprobability purposive sampling technique was used to assess 89 post CABG patients. The participants performed the 6MWT and ISWT along with vital monitoring on third, fifth and seventh post operative days. The data was with calculation of 6MWT and ISWT MCID through distribution and anchor-based methods. Results showed significant improvement (p < 0.001) in 6MWT as well as in ISWT after seven days of in-patient cardiac rehabilitation. The minimal detectable difference of 6MWT determined by the distribution-based method was 36.11 whereas MCID calculated by Anchor based method was 195 m. The minimal detectable difference of ISWT determined by the distribution-based method was 9.94 whereas MCID calculated by Anchor based method was 42.5 m. In conclusion our results will assist the future researchers and clinicians to interpret clinical trials as well as to observe the clinical course of post operative cardiac patients.
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Affiliation(s)
- Suman Sheraz
- Faculty of Rehabilitation and Allied Health Sciences, Riphah International University, Islamabad 46000, Pakistan
| | - Humera Ayub
- Faculty of Rehabilitation and Allied Health Sciences, Riphah International University, Islamabad 46000, Pakistan
| | - Francesco V. Ferraro
- School of Human Sciences, College of Science and Engineering, University of Derby, Derby DE22 3AW, UK
| | - Aisha Razzaq
- Faculty of Rehabilitation and Allied Health Sciences, Riphah International University, Islamabad 46000, Pakistan
| | - Arshad Nawaz Malik
- Faculty of Rehabilitation and Allied Health Sciences, Riphah International University, Islamabad 46000, Pakistan
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238
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Cardiovascular outcomes of ethyl eicosapentaenoic acid in diabetes mellitus: A meta-analysis. Ann Med Surg (Lond) 2022; 84:104846. [PMID: 37034272 PMCID: PMC10078968 DOI: 10.1016/j.amsu.2022.104846] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/09/2022] [Revised: 10/01/2022] [Accepted: 10/30/2022] [Indexed: 11/18/2022] Open
Abstract
Background We aim to conduct a comprehensive meta-analysis encompassing all studies to assess the efficacy of Vascepa in patients with diabetes mellitus (DM) in preventing or treating existing coronary artery disease (CAD). Methods Digital databases were queried. Odds ratios (OR) were calculated for the following outcomes: composite outcome, all-cause mortality, and cardiovascular mortality. Results A total of 4 randomized control trials (33,092 patients; Vascepa n = 16586; Placebo n = 16506) were included in our analysis. The overall mean age was 64.3 years old (Vascepa = 64.3 years; Placebo = 64.3 years). The sample was 61.5% male (Vascepa = 60.8%; Placebo = 62.1%). In patients with DM, Vascepa was found to have no significant effect on the primary composite outcome (OR 0.97, 95%CI 0.91-1.04, p > 0.05), all-cause mortality (OR 0.96, 95%CI 0.90-1.03, p > 0.05), and cardiovascular mortality (OR 0.90, 95%CI 0.74-1.10, p > 0.05). Subgroup analysis by Vascepa type and treatment type was similarly non-significant. Conclusion Our study concluded that Vascepa did not affect cardiovascular outcomes in patients with DM.
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239
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Toprak K, Kaplangoray M, Palice A, Taşcanov MB, Altıparmak İH, Biçer A, Demirbağ R. Ectodysplasin A is associated with the presence and severity of coronary artery disease and poor long-term clinical outcome in patients presenting with ST-elevation myocardial infarction. Acta Clin Belg 2022:1-10. [DOI: 10.1080/17843286.2022.2140246] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/07/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Kenan Toprak
- Department of Cardiology, Faculty of Medicine, Harran University, Sanliurfa, Turkey
| | | | - Ali Palice
- Mehmet Akif Inan Training and Research Hospital, Sanlıurfa, Turkey
| | | | | | - Asuman Biçer
- Department of Cardiology, Faculty of Medicine, Harran University, Sanliurfa, Turkey
| | - Recep Demirbağ
- Department of Cardiology, Faculty of Medicine, Harran University, Sanliurfa, Turkey
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240
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Choi KA, Kim JH, Ryu K, Kaushik N. Current Nanomedicine for Targeted Vascular Disease Treatment: Trends and Perspectives. Int J Mol Sci 2022; 23:ijms232012397. [PMID: 36293254 PMCID: PMC9604340 DOI: 10.3390/ijms232012397] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/04/2022] [Revised: 10/04/2022] [Accepted: 10/14/2022] [Indexed: 12/19/2022] Open
Abstract
Nanotechnology has been developed to deliver cargos effectively to the vascular system. Nanomedicine is a novel and effective approach for targeted vascular disease treatment including atherosclerosis, coronary artery disease, strokes, peripheral arterial disease, and cancer. It has been well known for some time that vascular disease patients have a higher cancer risk than the general population. During atherogenesis, the endothelial cells are activated to increase the expression of adhesion molecules such as Intercellular Adhesion Molecule 1 (ICAM-1), Vascular cell adhesion protein 1 (VCAM-1), E-selectin, and P-selectin. This biological activation of endothelial cells gives a targetability clue for nanoparticle strategies. Nanoparticle formation has a passive targeting pathway due to the increased adhesion molecule expression on the cell surface as well as increased cell activation. In addition, the VCAM-1-targeting peptide has been widely used to target the inflamed endothelial cells. Biomimetic nanoparticles using platelet and leukocyte membrane fragment strategies have been promising techniques for targeted vascular disease treatment. Cyclodextrin, a natural oligosaccharide with a hydrophobic cavity, increase the solubility of cholesterol crystals at the atherosclerotic plaque site and has been used to deliver the hydrophobic drug statin as a therapeutic in a targeted manner. In summary, nanoparticles decorated with various targeting molecules will be an effective and promising strategy for targeted vascular disease treatment.
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Affiliation(s)
- Kyung-A Choi
- National Institute of Medical Welfare, Kangnam University, Yongin 16979, Korea
| | - June Hyun Kim
- Department of Biotechnology, The University of Suwon, Suwon 18323, Korea
| | - Kitae Ryu
- Department of Biotechnology, The University of Suwon, Suwon 18323, Korea
- Correspondence: (K.R.); (N.K.)
| | - Neha Kaushik
- Department of Biotechnology, The University of Suwon, Suwon 18323, Korea
- Correspondence: (K.R.); (N.K.)
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241
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Xu X, Wu Y, Xu S, Yin Y, Ageno W, De Stefano V, Zhao Q, Qi X. Clinical significance of neutrophil extracellular traps biomarkers in thrombosis. Thromb J 2022; 20:63. [PMID: 36224604 PMCID: PMC9555260 DOI: 10.1186/s12959-022-00421-y] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/18/2022] [Accepted: 09/25/2022] [Indexed: 11/10/2022] Open
Abstract
Neutrophil extracellular traps (NETs) may be associated with the development of thrombosis. Experimental studies have confirmed the presence of NETs in thrombi specimens and potential role of NETs in the mechanisms of thrombosis. Clinical studies also have demonstrated significant changes in the levels of serum or plasma NETs biomarkers, such as citrullinated histones, myeloperoxidase, neutrophil elastase, nucleosomes, DNA, and their complexes in patients with thrombosis. This paper aims to comprehensively review the currently available evidence regarding the change in the levels of NETs biomarkers in patients with thrombosis, summarize the role of NETs and its biomarkers in the development and prognostic assessment of venous thromboembolism, coronary artery diseases, ischemic stroke, cancer-associated thromboembolism, and coronavirus disease 2019-associated thromboembolism, explore the potential therapeutic implications of NETs, and further discuss the shortcomings of existing NETs biomarkers in serum and plasma and their detection methods.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xiangbo Xu
- Department of Gastroenterology, General Hospital of Northern Theater Command (the Teaching School of Shenyang Pharmaceutical University), Shenyang, China.,Department of Life Science and Biochemistry, Shenyang Pharmaceutical University, Shenyang, China.,Department of Pharmacy, General Hospital of Northern Theater Command (the Teaching School of Shenyang Pharmaceutical University), Shenyang, China
| | - Yuting Wu
- Department of Life Science and Biochemistry, Shenyang Pharmaceutical University, Shenyang, China.,Department of Pharmacy, General Hospital of Northern Theater Command (the Teaching School of Shenyang Pharmaceutical University), Shenyang, China
| | - Shixue Xu
- Department of Gastroenterology, General Hospital of Northern Theater Command (the Teaching School of Shenyang Pharmaceutical University), Shenyang, China
| | - Yue Yin
- Department of Gastroenterology, General Hospital of Northern Theater Command (the Teaching School of Shenyang Pharmaceutical University), Shenyang, China
| | - Walter Ageno
- Department of Medicine and Surgery, University of Insubria, Varese, Italy
| | - Valerio De Stefano
- Department of Radiological and Hematological Sciences, Catholic University, Fondazione Policlinico A. Gemelli IRCCS, Section of Hematology, Rome, Italy
| | - Qingchun Zhao
- Department of Life Science and Biochemistry, Shenyang Pharmaceutical University, Shenyang, China. .,Department of Pharmacy, General Hospital of Northern Theater Command (the Teaching School of Shenyang Pharmaceutical University), Shenyang, China.
| | - Xingshun Qi
- Department of Gastroenterology, General Hospital of Northern Theater Command (the Teaching School of Shenyang Pharmaceutical University), Shenyang, China. .,Department of Life Science and Biochemistry, Shenyang Pharmaceutical University, Shenyang, China.
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242
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Aleksijević LH, Aleksijević M, Škrlec I, Šram M, Šram M, Talapko J. Porphyromonas gingivalis Virulence Factors and Clinical Significance in Periodontal Disease and Coronary Artery Diseases. Pathogens 2022; 11:pathogens11101173. [PMID: 36297228 PMCID: PMC9609396 DOI: 10.3390/pathogens11101173] [Citation(s) in RCA: 18] [Impact Index Per Article: 9.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/31/2022] [Revised: 09/27/2022] [Accepted: 10/10/2022] [Indexed: 11/17/2022] Open
Abstract
Porphyromonas gingivalis is a gram-negative, anaerobic bacterium that lives in the oral cavity. It is an integral part of the oral microbiome, which includes more than 500 types of bacteria. Under certain circumstances, as a consequence of virulence factors, it can become very destructive and proliferate to many cells in periodontal lesions. It is one of the causative agents present extremely often in dental plaque and is the main etiological factor in the development of periodontal disease. During various therapeutic procedures, P. gingivalis can enter the blood and disseminate through it to distant organs. This primarily refers to the influence of periodontal agents on the development of subacute endocarditis and can facilitate the development of coronary heart disease, atherosclerosis, and ischemic infarction. The action of P. gingivalis is facilitated by numerous factors of virulence and pathogenicity such as fimbriae, hemolysin, hemagglutinin, capsules, outer membrane vesicles, lipopolysaccharides, and gingipains. A special problem is the possibility of biofilm formation. P. gingivalis in a biofilm is 500 to 1000 times less sensitive to antimicrobial drugs than planktonic cells, which represents a significant problem in the treatment of infections caused by this pathogen.
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Affiliation(s)
- Lorena Horvat Aleksijević
- Faculty of Dental Medicine and Health, Josip Juraj Strossmayer University of Osijek, 31000 Osijek, Croatia
- Correspondence: (L.H.A.); (J.T.)
| | - Marko Aleksijević
- Faculty of Dental Medicine and Health, Josip Juraj Strossmayer University of Osijek, 31000 Osijek, Croatia
| | - Ivana Škrlec
- Faculty of Dental Medicine and Health, Josip Juraj Strossmayer University of Osijek, 31000 Osijek, Croatia
| | - Marko Šram
- Faculty of Medicine, Josip Juraj Strossmayer University of Osijek, 31000 Osijek, Croatia
| | - Miroslav Šram
- Faculty of Medicine, Josip Juraj Strossmayer University of Osijek, 31000 Osijek, Croatia
- Department of Cardiology, Clinical Hospital Center Osijek, 31000 Osijek, Croatia
| | - Jasminka Talapko
- Faculty of Dental Medicine and Health, Josip Juraj Strossmayer University of Osijek, 31000 Osijek, Croatia
- Correspondence: (L.H.A.); (J.T.)
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243
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Ward Z, Schmeier S, Pearson J, Cameron VA, Frampton CM, Troughton RW, Doughty RN, Richards AM, Pilbrow AP. Identifying Candidate Circulating RNA Markers for Coronary Artery Disease by Deep RNA-Sequencing in Human Plasma. Cells 2022; 11:3191. [PMID: 36291058 PMCID: PMC9599983 DOI: 10.3390/cells11203191] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/13/2022] [Revised: 10/03/2022] [Accepted: 10/07/2022] [Indexed: 11/17/2023] Open
Abstract
Advances in RNA sequencing (RNA-Seq) have facilitated transcriptomic analysis of plasma for the discovery of new diagnostic and prognostic markers for disease. We aimed to develop a short-read RNA-Seq protocol to detect mRNAs, long non-coding RNAs (lncRNAs) and circular RNAs (circRNAs) in plasma for the discovery of novel markers for coronary artery disease (CAD) and heart failure (HF). Circulating cell-free RNA from 59 patients with stable CAD (half of whom developed HF within 3 years) and 30 controls was sequenced to a median depth of 108 paired reads per sample. We identified fragments from 3986 messenger RNAs (mRNAs), 164 long non-coding RNAs (lncRNAs), 405 putative novel lncRNAs and 227 circular RNAs in plasma. Circulating levels of 160 mRNAs, 10 lncRNAs and 2 putative novel lncRNAs were altered in patients compared with controls (absolute fold change >1.2, p < 0.01 adjusted for multiple comparisons). The most differentially abundant transcripts were enriched in mRNAs encoded by the mitochondrial genome. We did not detect any differences in the plasma RNA profile between patients who developed HF compared with those who did not. In summary, we show that mRNAs, lncRNAs and circular RNAs can be reliably detected in plasma by deep RNA-Seq. Multiple coding and non-coding transcripts were altered in association with CAD, including several mitochondrial mRNAs, which may indicate underlying myocardial ischaemia and oxidative stress. If validated, circulating levels of these transcripts could potentially be used to help identify asymptomatic individuals with established CAD prior to an acute coronary event.
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Affiliation(s)
- Zoe Ward
- Christchurch Heart Institute, Department of Medicine, University of Otago—Christchurch, Christchurch 8140, New Zealand
| | - Sebastian Schmeier
- School of Natural and Computational Sciences, Massey University, Auckland 0632, New Zealand
- Evotec SE, Essener Bogen 7, 22419 Hamburg, Germany
| | - John Pearson
- Biostatistics and Computational Biology Unit, University of Otago—Christchurch, Christchurch 8140, New Zealand
| | - Vicky A Cameron
- Christchurch Heart Institute, Department of Medicine, University of Otago—Christchurch, Christchurch 8140, New Zealand
| | - Chris M Frampton
- Christchurch Heart Institute, Department of Medicine, University of Otago—Christchurch, Christchurch 8140, New Zealand
| | - Richard W Troughton
- Christchurch Heart Institute, Department of Medicine, University of Otago—Christchurch, Christchurch 8140, New Zealand
| | - Rob N Doughty
- Heart Health Research Group, University of Auckland, Auckland 1023, New Zealand
| | - A. Mark Richards
- Christchurch Heart Institute, Department of Medicine, University of Otago—Christchurch, Christchurch 8140, New Zealand
- Cardiovascular Research Institute, National University of Singapore, Singapore 119228, Singapore
| | - Anna P Pilbrow
- Christchurch Heart Institute, Department of Medicine, University of Otago—Christchurch, Christchurch 8140, New Zealand
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244
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Wang L, Wang S, Zhang Q, He C, Fu C, Wei Q. The role of the gut microbiota in health and cardiovascular diseases. MOLECULAR BIOMEDICINE 2022; 3:30. [PMID: 36219347 PMCID: PMC9554112 DOI: 10.1186/s43556-022-00091-2] [Citation(s) in RCA: 24] [Impact Index Per Article: 12.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/26/2022] [Accepted: 08/05/2022] [Indexed: 11/17/2022] Open
Abstract
The gut microbiota is critical to human health, such as digesting nutrients, forming the intestinal epithelial barrier, regulating immune function, producing vitamins and hormones, and producing metabolites to interact with the host. Meanwhile, increasing evidence indicates that the gut microbiota has a strong correlation with the occurrence, progression and treatment of cardiovascular diseases (CVDs). In patients with CVDs and corresponding risk factors, the composition and ratio of gut microbiota have significant differences compared with their healthy counterparts. Therefore, gut microbiota dysbiosis, gut microbiota-generated metabolites, and the related signaling pathway may serve as explanations for some of the mechanisms about the occurrence and development of CVDs. Several studies have also demonstrated that many traditional and latest therapeutic treatments of CVDs are associated with the gut microbiota and its generated metabolites and related signaling pathways. Given that information, we summarized the latest advances in the current research regarding the effect of gut microbiota on health, the main cardiovascular risk factors, and CVDs, highlighted the roles and mechanisms of several metabolites, and introduced corresponding promising treatments for CVDs regarding the gut microbiota. Therefore, this review mainly focuses on exploring the role of gut microbiota related metabolites and their therapeutic potential in CVDs, which may eventually provide better solutions in the development of therapeutic treatment as well as the prevention of CVDs.
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Affiliation(s)
- Lu Wang
- grid.412901.f0000 0004 1770 1022Rehabilitation Medicine Center and Institute of Rehabilitation Medicine, West China Hospital, Sichuan University, Chengdu, People’s Republic of China ,Key Laboratory of Rehabilitation Medicine in Sichuan Province, Chengdu, People’s Republic of China
| | - Shiqi Wang
- grid.412901.f0000 0004 1770 1022Rehabilitation Medicine Center and Institute of Rehabilitation Medicine, West China Hospital, Sichuan University, Chengdu, People’s Republic of China ,Key Laboratory of Rehabilitation Medicine in Sichuan Province, Chengdu, People’s Republic of China
| | - Qing Zhang
- grid.412901.f0000 0004 1770 1022Rehabilitation Medicine Center and Institute of Rehabilitation Medicine, West China Hospital, Sichuan University, Chengdu, People’s Republic of China ,Key Laboratory of Rehabilitation Medicine in Sichuan Province, Chengdu, People’s Republic of China
| | - Chengqi He
- grid.412901.f0000 0004 1770 1022Rehabilitation Medicine Center and Institute of Rehabilitation Medicine, West China Hospital, Sichuan University, Chengdu, People’s Republic of China ,Key Laboratory of Rehabilitation Medicine in Sichuan Province, Chengdu, People’s Republic of China
| | - Chenying Fu
- grid.412901.f0000 0004 1770 1022National Clinical Research Center for Geriatrics, West China Hospital, Sichuan University, Chengdu, People’s Republic of China ,grid.412901.f0000 0004 1770 1022Aging and Geriatric Mechanism Laboratory, West China Hospital, Sichuan University, Chengdu, People’s Republic of China
| | - Quan Wei
- grid.412901.f0000 0004 1770 1022Rehabilitation Medicine Center and Institute of Rehabilitation Medicine, West China Hospital, Sichuan University, Chengdu, People’s Republic of China ,Key Laboratory of Rehabilitation Medicine in Sichuan Province, Chengdu, People’s Republic of China
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Liu L, Zhang Y, Du Y, Li H, Wang M, Lv J. The therapeutic effect and targets of cellulose polysaccharide on coronary heart disease (CHD) and the construction of a prognostic signature based on network pharmacology. Front Nutr 2022; 9:986639. [PMID: 36299990 PMCID: PMC9592078 DOI: 10.3389/fnut.2022.986639] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/05/2022] [Accepted: 09/15/2022] [Indexed: 11/13/2022] Open
Abstract
Cellulose is the first rich biological polysaccharide in nature and has many excellent properties, so it is being developed as a variety of drug carriers. Moreover, applications in drug delivery, biosensors/bioanalysis, immobilization of enzymes and cells, stem cell therapy, and skin tissue repair are also highlighted by many studies. Coronary heart disease, as one of the diseases with the highest incidence, is urgent to enhance the survival outcome and life quality of patients with coronary heart disease, whereas the mechanism of cellulose's interaction with the human body remains unclear. However, the mechanism of cellulose's interaction with the human body remains unclear. We obtained 92 genes associated with cellulose and coronary heart disease through the intersection of different databases. Ten key genes were identified: HRAS, STAT3, HSP90AA1, FGF2, VEGFA, CXCR4, TERT, IL2, BCL2L1, and CDK1. Molecular docking of the 10 genes revealed their association with their respective receptors. Analysis by KEGG and GO has discovered that these related targets were more enriched in metabolic- and activation-related functions, which further confirmed that cellulose polysaccharides can also interact with cardiovascular diseases as molecules. In the end, we screened out six key genes that were more associated with the prognosis (CDK1, HSP90AA1, CXCR4, IL2, VEGFA, and TERT) and constructed a signature, which has a good predictive effect and has significant statistical significance. Our study is the first study to explore the interaction targets of cellulose and CHD and to construct a prognostic model. Our findings provide insights for future molecular design, drug development, and clinical trials.
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Affiliation(s)
- Lang Liu
- Department of Cardiology, General Hospital of Ningxia Medical University, Yinchuan, China
| | - Yundi Zhang
- National Cancer Center/National Clinical Research Center for Cancer/Cancer Hospital, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences and Peking Union Medical College, Beijing, China
| | - Yuxin Du
- Department of Cardiology, Shanghai Institute of Cardiovascular Diseases, Zhongshan Hospital Fudan University, Shanghai, China
| | - Haoyue Li
- National Cancer Center/National Clinical Research Center for Cancer/Cancer Hospital, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences and Peking Union Medical College, Beijing, China
| | - Mingzhao Wang
- National Cancer Center/National Clinical Research Center for Cancer/Cancer Hospital, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences and Peking Union Medical College, Beijing, China
| | - Jianfeng Lv
- Department of Cardiology, Affiliated RenHe Hospital of China, Second Clinical Medical College, Three Gorges University, Yichang, China,*Correspondence: Jianfeng Lv
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Goit R, Saddik SE, Dawood SN, Rabih AM, Niaj A, Raman A, Uprety M, Calero MJ, Villanueva MRB, Joshaghani N, Villa N, Badla O, Khan S. Bempedoic Acid’s Use as an Adjunct in Lowering Low-Density Lipoprotein Cholesterol in Patients With Coronary Artery Disease: A Systematic Review. Cureus 2022; 14:e29891. [PMID: 36348882 PMCID: PMC9632934 DOI: 10.7759/cureus.29891] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/13/2022] [Accepted: 10/03/2022] [Indexed: 11/07/2022] Open
Abstract
Coronary artery disease (CAD) is one of the leading causes of death worldwide. Atherosclerosis begins in childhood as fatty streaks, progresses with age, and lifestyle influences the progression of atherosclerotic plaque. Over time, with significant narrowing of the blood vessels, blood flow into the coronary arteries is compromised, resulting in various symptoms of coronary heart disease. Many drugs are used in clinical practice to prevent atherosclerotic cardiovascular events in patients with CAD. This review aims to investigate the efficacy and safety of a non-statin novel lipid-lowering drug, bempedoic acid (BDA), an adenosine triphosphate (ATP) citrate lyase inhibitor, in lowering serum low-density lipoprotein cholesterol (LDL-C) levels among patients with CAD. BDA is a new drug that recently got approval for clinical use. Following its discovery, BDA has been researched in order to investigate its role in the treatment of hypercholesterolemia. A search for studies was conducted using databases such as PubMed, PMC, ScienceDirect, and Google Scholar up until April 30, 2022. This systematic review has followed the Preferred Reporting Items for Systematic Reviews and Meta-Analyses (PRISMA) guidelines. A total of 11 studies were finalized to explore the role of BDA alone or as an adjunct in lowering serum LDL-C levels in high-risk patients under maximally tolerated statins, statin-intolerant groups, or treatment with other lipid-lowering drugs. These studies are three randomized controlled trials (RCTs), one pre-proof RCT, two systematic reviews and meta-analyses, and five narrative review articles. This review included 8465 participants from recently conducted RCTs and systematic reviews. Another 14014 participants, enrolled for the Cholesterol Lowering via Bempedoic Acid, an Adenosine Triphosphate-Citrate Lyase-Inhibiting Regimen (CLEAR) Outcomes clinical trial, were also included. BDA in combination with ezetimibe showed good evidence of LDL-C lowering effect. Patients on maximally tolerated statin failing to achieve desired LDL-C when treated in combination with BDA showed a significant decrement in serum LDL-C levels, high sensitivity C-reactive protein (HsCRP), and triglyceride. BDA use showed no adverse side effects. The most common side effect seen in several trials was the rise in serum uric acid level. When treating patients with BDA, baseline uric acid levels should be obtained and regular monitoring of uric acid should be done. The CLEAR Outcomes trial, scheduled to be completed by December 2022, will provide further information on BDA. BDA appears to be a promising alternative to currently available secondary lipid-lowering agents.
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Bhalke JB, Hiremath S, Makhale C. A cross-sectional study on coronary artery disease diagnosis in patients with peripheral artery disease. J Interv Med 2022; 5:184-189. [DOI: 10.1016/j.jimed.2022.09.005] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/18/2022] [Revised: 08/26/2022] [Accepted: 09/18/2022] [Indexed: 11/07/2022] Open
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Tang Y, Li M, Wang T, Dong X, Hu W, Sitti M. Wireless Miniature Magnetic Phase-Change Soft Actuators. ADVANCED MATERIALS (DEERFIELD BEACH, FLA.) 2022; 34:e2204185. [PMID: 35975467 PMCID: PMC7613683 DOI: 10.1002/adma.202204185] [Citation(s) in RCA: 26] [Impact Index Per Article: 13.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/09/2022] [Revised: 08/09/2022] [Indexed: 05/28/2023]
Abstract
Wireless miniature soft actuators are promising for various potential high-impact applications in medical, robotic grippers, and artificial muscles. However, these miniature soft actuators are currently constrained by a small output force and low work capacity. To address such challenges, a miniature magnetic phase-change soft composite actuator is reported. This soft actuator exhibits an expanding deformation and enables up to a 70 N output force and 175.2 J g-1 work capacity under remote magnetic radio frequency heating, which are 106 -107 times that of traditional magnetic soft actuators. To demonstrate its capabilities, a wireless soft robotic device is first designed that can withstand 0.24 m s-1 fluid flows in an artery phantom. By integrating it with a thermally-responsive shape-memory polymer and bistable metamaterial sleeve, a wireless reversible bistable stent is designed toward future potential angioplasty applications. Moreover, it can additionally locomote inside and jump out of granular media. At last, the phase-change actuator can realize programmable bending deformations when a specifically designed magnetization profile is encoded, enhancing its shape-programming capability. Such a miniature soft actuator provides an approach to enhance the mechanical output and versatility of magnetic soft robots and devices, extending their medical and other potential applications.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yichao Tang
- School of Mechanical Engineering Tongji University Shanghai 201804, China; Physical Intelligence Department Max Planck Institute for Intelligent Systems 70569, Stuttgart, Germany
| | - Mingtong Li
- Physical Intelligence Department Max Planck Institute for Intelligent Systems 70569, Stuttgart, Germany; Institute of Functional Nano & Soft Materials (FUNSOM) Jiangsu Key Laboratory for Carbon-Based Functional Materials & Devices Soochow University Suzhou, Jiangsu 215123, China
| | - Tianlu Wang
- Physical Intelligence Department Max Planck Institute for Intelligent Systems 70569, Stuttgart, Germany; Institute for Biomedical Engineering ETH Zurich Zurich 8092, Switzerland
| | - Xiaoguang Dong
- Physical Intelligence Department Max Planck Institute for Intelligent Systems 70569, Stuttgart, Germany; of Mechanical Engineering Vanderbilt University Nashville, TN 37215, USA; Vanderbilt Institute for Surgery and Engineering Vanderbilt University Nashville, TN 37215, USA
| | - Wenqi Hu
- Physical Intelligence Department Max Planck Institute for Intelligent Systems 70569, Stuttgart, Germany
| | - Metin Sitti
- Physical Intelligence Department Max Planck Institute for Intelligent Systems 70569, Stuttgart, Germany; Institute for Biomedical Engineering ETH Zurich Zurich 8092, Switzerland; School of Medicine and College of Engineering Koç University Istanbul 34450, Turkey
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Dong H, Hu P, Wang J, Zhang Y, Lu N. Associations of Serum Calcium, Magnesium Levels, and Their Ratio with Apolipoproteins in Chinese Adults with Coronary Artery Disease: a Cross-Sectional Study. Biol Trace Elem Res 2022; 200:4221-4229. [PMID: 34787834 DOI: 10.1007/s12011-021-03015-3] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/20/2021] [Accepted: 11/02/2021] [Indexed: 02/05/2023]
Abstract
Former evidence regarding the associations of serum calcium (Ca) and magnesium (Mg) levels with apolipoproteins (Apos) in Chinese adults with coronary artery disease (CAD) were scarce. A total of 6781 patients with CAD were included in this cross-sectional study; mean age was 61.0 years. The associations of serum Ca, Mg, and Ca/Mg ratio with Apos (e.g., ApoA1, ApoB, and ApoB/A1 ratio) were determined using multivariate analysis of covariance. Serum Ca, Mg, and Ca/Mg ratio tended to have positive associations with ApoA1, while negative associations of serum Ca, Mg, and Ca/Mg ratio with ApoB and ApoB/A1 ratio were detected. In multivariate analysis, serum Ca, Mg, and Ca/Mg ratio were positively associated with ApoA1 levels (Q [quintile] 5 vs. Q1: 1.245 vs. 1.151 g/L for Ca, 1.207 vs. 1.188 g/L for Mg, 1.202 vs. 1.171 g/L for Ca/Mg ratio). In contrast, negative associations of serum Mg and Ca/Mg ratio with ApoB and ApoB/A1 ratio were shown. The corresponding ApoB and ApoB/A1 ratio values were 0.856 (vs. 0.887 g/L) and 0.728 (vs. 0.771) for Mg, and 0.814 (vs. 0.854 g/L) and 0.695 (vs. 0.751) for Ca/Mg ratio in Q5 compared with Q1. Serum Ca was inversely associated with ApoB and ApoB/A1 ratio (Q5 vs. Q4: 0.804 vs. 0.847 g/L for ApoB; Q5 vs. Q1: 0.662 vs. 0.732 for ApoB/A1 ratio). Path analysis showed that mediating effects of BMI on the "Ca or Mg-Apos" associations were not found. In summary, serum Ca and Mg tended to have positive associations with ApoA1 levels in patients with CAD, but had inverse associations with ApoB levels and ApoB/A1 ratio. Serum Ca/Mg ratio may be a more precise marker than serum Mg or serum Ca measures alone in assessing Apos measures of CAD risk.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hongli Dong
- Scientific Education Section and Department of Child Healthcare, Affiliated Maternity & Child Health Care Hospital of Nantong University, Nantong, 226018, Jiangsu, People's Republic of China
| | - Ping Hu
- Image Center, Wuhan Asia Heart Hospital, Wuhan, 430022, Hubei, People's Republic of China
| | - Jie Wang
- Image Center, Wuhan Asia Heart Hospital, Wuhan, 430022, Hubei, People's Republic of China
| | - Yaju Zhang
- Finance Section, Affiliated Traditional Chinese Medicine Hospital of Nantong University, Nantong, 226018, Jiangsu, People's Republic of China
| | - Nan Lu
- Image Center, Wuhan Asia Heart Hospital, Wuhan, 430022, Hubei, People's Republic of China.
- Department of Cardiology, the First Affiliated Hospital of Shantou University Medical College, Guangdong, 515041, Shantou, People's Republic of China.
- Department of Cardiology, Beijing Anzhen Hospital Affiliated to Capital Medical University, No. 2 Anzhen Road, Beijing, 100029, Chaoyang District, China.
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Wei W, Tang M, Wang Q, Li X. Circ_HECW2 regulates ox-LDL-induced dysfunction of cardiovascular endothelial cells by miR-942-5p/TLR4 axis. Clin Hemorheol Microcirc 2022:CH221550. [PMID: 36213989 DOI: 10.3233/ch-221550] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/15/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Coronary artery disease (CAD) is a common coronary artery disease. The functional mechanism of circular RNA (circRNA) HECT, C2 and WW domain containing E3 ubiquitin protein ligase 2 (circ_HECW2, hsa_circ_0057583) in ox-LDL-treated human cardiac microvascular endothelial cells (hCMECs) is still unclear. METHODS Expression levels of circ_HECW2, microRNA (miR)-942-5p, and toll-like receptor 4 (TLR4) were analyzed by quantitative real-time PCR (qRT-PCR) and western blot assays. Cell proliferation and apoptosis were analyzed by 5-ethynyl-2'-deoxyuridine (EdU) assay, cell counting kit-8 (CCK8) assay, and flow cytometry, respectively. Tube formation assay was performed to analyze the angiogenesis of cells. Luciferase reporter and RNA pull-down assays were performed to analyze the target relationship among circ_HECW2, miR-942-5p and TLR4. RESULTS Circ_HECW2 and TLR4 expression levels were up-regulated and miR-942-5p expression was decreased in the serum of CAD patients and oxidized low-density lipoprotein (ox-LDL)-induced hCMECs. Knockdown of circ_HECW2 enhanced cell proliferation and inhibited cell apoptosis in ox-LDL-treated hCMECs. MiR-942-5p was the target of circ_HECW2 and directly targeted TLR4. Moreover, the effect of circ_HECW2 knockdown could be weakened by anti-miR-942-5p, and TLR4 could restore the function of miR-942-5p on cell damage of ox-LDL-induced hCMECs. CONCLUSION Circ_HECW2 could regulate ox-LDL-induced cardiovascular endothelial cell dysfunction through targeting miR-942-5p/TLR4 axis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Wenbo Wei
- Department of Cardiology, Nanjing Jiangning Hospital of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Nanjing City, Jiangsu, China
| | - Min Tang
- Department of Cardiology, Nanjing Tongren Hospital Affiliated to Southeast University School of Medicine, Nanjing City, Jiangsu, China
| | - Qi Wang
- Department of Cardiology, Nanjing Tongren Hospital Affiliated to Southeast University School of Medicine, Nanjing City, Jiangsu, China
| | - Xiaoming Li
- Emergency Department, Ben Q Hospital Affiliated to Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing City, Jiangsu, China
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