201
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Carlsson L, Callaghan E, Broman G. How Can Dietitians Leverage Change for Sustainable Food Systems in Canada? CAN J DIET PRACT RES 2019; 80:164-171. [PMID: 30907124 DOI: 10.3148/cjdpr-2019-005] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/10/2022]
Abstract
Purpose: In this paper, we begin to set out language defining sustainable food systems (SFS) in Canada, through the voices of dietitians, and identify leverage points where dietitians can affect change. Methods: Dietitians of Canada members were invited to a Delphi Inquiry process; questions explored a vision of SFS in Canada, barriers to that vision, and actions. Results were independently analysed by 2 members of the research team who used the Framework for Strategic Sustainable Development to structure the data. Results: Fifty-eight members participated. The resultant vision describes a future food system in 15 thematic areas of the social and ecological systems. Barriers are described according to how they undermine sustainability. High-leverage actions areas included: (i) facilitating knowledge development within the profession and public, (ii) influencing organizational policy to support SFS, and (iii) and influencing public policy. Approaches to such action included: (i) facilitating cross-sectoral collaboration and (ii) applying reflexive approaches. Conclusions: This research suggests a multidimensional understanding of food systems sustainability among dietitians. The vision provides some language to describe what dietitians mean by SFS and can be used as a compass point to orient action. Action areas and approaches have the potential to drive systemic change while avoiding unintended consequences.
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Affiliation(s)
- Liesel Carlsson
- School of Nutrition and Dietetics, Acadia University, Wolfville, NS.,Department of Strategic Sustainable Development, Blekinge Institute of Technology, Karlskrona, Sweden
| | - Edith Callaghan
- Department of Strategic Sustainable Development, Blekinge Institute of Technology, Karlskrona, Sweden.,Fred. C. Manning School of Business, Acadia University, Wolfville, NS
| | - Göran Broman
- Department of Strategic Sustainable Development, Blekinge Institute of Technology, Karlskrona, Sweden
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202
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Framing a Sustainable Local Food System—How Smaller Cities in Southern Germany Are Facing a New Policy Issue. SUSTAINABILITY 2019. [DOI: 10.3390/su11061712] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/16/2022]
Abstract
Since Agenda 21, the local level has become important in terms of facing global challenges through local action. One of these is ensuring the sustainability of the food system. In German politics, this is a relatively new issue even at the local level. Nevertheless, two smaller cities in southern Germany have decided to change their local food systems towards sustainability. Hence, this paper deals with questions of how local actors are framing the food system and what this means for increasing sustainability. The analysis of qualitative interviews and participant observations based on frame analysis provides deeper insights into understandings of local food systems by actors. This paper aims to explore how framings of problems, solutions and motivations provide or restrict opportunities to increase local food system sustainability. Terms like sustainability or awareness are framed differently. Using the same term to mean different things can have negative effects on the acceptance of policymaking referring to food system transformation. Besides, this paper shows that omissions within the framing counteract the development of sustainable local food policy. Hence, it is important to reflect the political implications of absent framings as well to facilitate mutual understanding and consequently, food system change.
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203
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Flipping the Tortilla: Social-Ecological Innovations and Traditional Ecological Knowledge for More Sustainable Agri-Food Systems in Spain. SUSTAINABILITY 2019. [DOI: 10.3390/su11051222] [Citation(s) in RCA: 29] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/24/2022]
Abstract
The conventional dominant global agri-food system is a main driver in the Anthropocene: food production entails profound global environmental changes from greenhouse gas emissions to biodiversity loss, and shifting diets further impact planetary and human health. Innovative approaches are needed to shift towards more sustainable, equitable and healthy agri-food systems. Building on the increasing recognition of the relevance of traditional agroecological knowledge (TAeK) in sustainable food systems, this paper aims to describe innovative agri-food initiatives and explore how the use and valorization of TAeK may transform conventional agri-food systems. It employs a case-study approach in Spain, where we conducted semi-structured interviews with 12 representatives of alternative agri-food initiatives. We found that, to promote sustainable agri-food systems, TAeK has to span from farm-to-fork. Innovative agroecological practices and knowledge help to safeguard biocultural diversity, while gastronomic knowledge among consumers on how to process and prepare local varieties and species is crucial for the implementation of shorter value chains. We discuss how TAeK enhances the success of conventional systems of innovation, challenging dominant epistemological frameworks. By scaling deep (changing values), scaling out (dissemination, reproduction) and scaling up (changing institutions), the agri-food initiatives may act on leverage points to enable broader transformation of the Spanish agri-food system.
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204
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Perspectives on Comprehensive Sustainability-Orientation in Municipalities: Structuring Existing Approaches. SUSTAINABILITY 2019. [DOI: 10.3390/su11041040] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/16/2022]
Abstract
Municipalities play an important role in fostering sustainable development at the local level. Yet, they still face significant challenges in comprehensively integrating sustainability aspects into administrative action. In order to overcome real or perceived barriers to implementing sustainability into administrative practices comprehensively, this article presents a structured set of 19 fields of sustainability-orientation in local administrations derived from a literature review, considering international scientific and German practical perspectives. Our findings indicate that the resulting fields of sustainability-orientation differ in their potential to foster change towards sustainability in a complex administrative system. Furthermore, there is evidence that the reviewed scientific documents in particular insufficiently illustrate comprehensive approaches for ingraining sustainability-orientation in local administrations. Based on the findings, we outline implications for further research in order to better meet the challenges of enhancing sustainable practice in local administrations.
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205
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The Role of Law in Transformative Environmental Policies—A Case Study of “Timber in Buildings Construction in Germany”. SUSTAINABILITY 2019. [DOI: 10.3390/su11030842] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/16/2022]
Abstract
Over the last decades, environmental law has significantly contributed to limiting the environmental impacts of our mode of living. Yet environmental problems still prevail and are strongly linked to our production and consumption systems. Therefore, the current challenges must be tackled with a systemic approach. The concept of transformative environmental policy identifies approaches for policymakers to interfere in socio-economic systems in order to give them a more sustainable structure. This article seeks to identify the contributions that law can make to a transformation towards sustainability. For illustrative purposes, I point out the concrete steps in a case study on increasing the use of timber in buildings construction in Germany. I argue that law plays a role in all three phases of a transformation/transition. The legal framework must enable innovations and experiments in the first transformation phase, come up with restricting regulations for old non-sustainable structures in the second phase, and in the third phase provide course stability for the new system. I conclude that the concept of transformative environmental policy helps to design adaptations of the legal framework in order to transform socio-economic and socio-technical systems towards more sustainability.
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206
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Affiliation(s)
- Joern Fischer
- Faculty of Sustainability Leuphana University Lueneburg Germany
| | - Maraja Riechers
- Faculty of Sustainability Leuphana University Lueneburg Germany
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207
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Do Pre-service Teachers Dance with Wolves? Subject-Specific Teacher Professional Development in A Recent Biodiversity Conservation Issue. SUSTAINABILITY 2018. [DOI: 10.3390/su11010047] [Citation(s) in RCA: 19] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/05/2023]
Abstract
Biodiversity conservation issues are adequate topics of Education for Sustainable Development (ESD), as they involve ecological, economic and social aspects. But teaching about these topics often challenges teachers due to high factual complexity but also because of additional affective dimensions. As a consequence, teacher professional development in ESD should address these affective components, to better qualify and motivate teachers to integrate conservation issues into their teaching. To investigate behaviourally relevant factors, we selected the context of natural remigration and conservation of the grey wolf (Canis lupus) in Germany and surveyed 120 pre-service biology teachers (M = 23.2 years, SD = 3.3 years) about contextual factors and their motivation to teach about the issue. Participants reported more positive attitudes, higher enjoyment and an increased perceived behavioural control towards teaching the issue in future teachers when they perceived a smaller psychological distance to the issue and an overall higher motivation to protect the species. As this motivation was grounded in more fundamental personality characteristics like wildlife values and attitudes towards wolves, we discuss the central role of these traits as a basis for transformative learning processes and the necessity of a holistic and subject-specific teacher professional development in ESD.
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208
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Whose Agency Counts in Land Use Decision-Making in Myanmar? A Comparative Analysis of Three Cases in Tanintharyi Region. SUSTAINABILITY 2018. [DOI: 10.3390/su10103823] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/17/2022]
Abstract
Myanmar has experienced profound transformations of land use and land governance, often at the expense of smallholders. Empirical evidence on the agency of actors included and excluded in land use decision-making remains scarce. This study analyses who influences land use decision-making, how they do this, and under what circumstances smallholders are included. Comparing three land use trajectories in southern Myanmar, we analysed actors’ agency—conceived as the meanings and means behind (re)actions—in land use decision-making using data from focus groups and interviews. Results showed that uneven distribution of means can lead to unequal decision-making power, enabling actors with more means to exclude those with less means: smallholders. However, this only applies in the case of top-down interventions with mutually exclusive actor interests regarding use of the same land. Where interests are compatible or a mediator supports smallholders in negotiations, actors are likely to develop a collaboration despite unequal means, leading to smallholders’ inclusion in decision-making. Transformation of current land governance towards sustainable development could be promoted by providing mediators to actors with few means, ensuring equal access for all to formal land tenure, engaging with brokers in the land governance network, and improving access to knowledge and financial capital for actors with few means.
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209
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Paradigm Found? Immanent Critique to Tackle Interdisciplinarity and Normativity in Science for Sustainable Development. SUSTAINABILITY 2018. [DOI: 10.3390/su10103805] [Citation(s) in RCA: 16] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/16/2022]
Abstract
The ambition of this two-part article is to argue for immanent critique as a research strategy in sustainability studies. We do this by picking up and developing two central, cross-cutting themes in sustainability research, namely interdisciplinarity and normativity. It is widely suggested that the problem-driven and solution-focused orientation in sustainability studies necessitates interdisciplinarity and an engagement with questions of normativity, each creating problems regarding how science is conducted. For interdisciplinarity, questions remain regarding by what scientific procedure rational (i.e., non-arbitrary) interdisciplinarity can be accomplished. For normativity, it is unclear whether normativity can be addressed scientifically, or only politically; in other words, can normativity be objectively incorporated in sustainability research, and if so, how? Ultimately, the paper asks and answers the following questions: when should a researcher move from one discipline to another in sustainability research and, how do we judge the validity of the normative values that are deemed necessary for sustainability? In Part I, we show the silences, gaps, vagueness and inadequacies of how these themes are currently addressed in sustainability science literature, and from this move to propose immanent critique as a potential strategy for dealing with them in a scientific manner. In Part II, we exemplify our strategy by applying it to re-construct the debate over sustainable development, by far the most prominent topical focus in sustainability science research, producing a novel systematized typology of sustainable development approaches in the process. We conclude with reflections on how this paper amounts to an initial contribution to the construction of a Lakatosian research programme in sustainability studies.
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210
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Scheele BC, Legge S, Armstrong DP, Copley P, Robinson N, Southwell D, Westgate MJ, Lindenmayer DB. How to improve threatened species management: An Australian perspective. JOURNAL OF ENVIRONMENTAL MANAGEMENT 2018; 223:668-675. [PMID: 29975894 DOI: 10.1016/j.jenvman.2018.06.084] [Citation(s) in RCA: 22] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/04/2018] [Revised: 05/25/2018] [Accepted: 06/26/2018] [Indexed: 06/08/2023]
Abstract
Targeted threatened species management is a central component of efforts to prevent species extinction. Despite the development of a range of management frameworks to improve conservation outcomes over the past decade, threatened species management is still commonly characterised as ad hoc. Although there are notable successes, many management programs are ineffective, with relatively few species experiencing improvements in their conservation status. We identify underlying factors that commonly lead to ineffective and inefficient management. Drawing attention to some of the key challenges, and suggesting ways forward, may lead to improved management effectiveness and better conservation outcomes. We highlight six key areas where improvements are needed: 1) stakeholder engagement and communication; 2) fostering strong leadership and the development of achievable long-term goals; 3) knowledge of target species' biology and threats, particularly focusing on filling knowledge gaps that impede management, while noting that in many cases there will be a need for conservation management to proceed initially despite knowledge gaps; 4) setting objectives with measurable outcomes; 5) strategic monitoring to evaluate management effectiveness; and 6) greater accountability for species declines and failure to recover species to ensure timely action and guard against complacency. We demonstrate the importance of these six key areas by providing examples of innovative approaches leading to successful species management. We also discuss overarching factors outside the realm of management influence that can help or impede conservation success. Clear recognition of factors that make species' management more straightforward - or more challenging - is important for setting realistic management objectives, outlining strategic action, and prioritising resources. We also highlight the need to more clearly demonstrate the benefit of current investment, and communicate that the risk of under-investment is species extinctions. Together, improvements in conservation practice, along with increased resource allocation and re-evaluation of the prioritisation of competing interests that threaten species, will help enhance conservation outcomes for threatened species.
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Affiliation(s)
- B C Scheele
- Fenner School of Environment and Society, The Australian National University, Canberra, Australia; National Environmental Science Programme, Threatened Species Recovery Hub, Australia.
| | - S Legge
- Fenner School of Environment and Society, The Australian National University, Canberra, Australia; National Environmental Science Programme, Threatened Species Recovery Hub, Australia
| | - D P Armstrong
- Wildlife Ecology Group, Massey University, Palmerston North, New Zealand
| | - P Copley
- Parks and Regions, Department of Environment, Water and Natural Resources, South Australia, Australia
| | - N Robinson
- Fenner School of Environment and Society, The Australian National University, Canberra, Australia; National Environmental Science Programme, Threatened Species Recovery Hub, Australia
| | - D Southwell
- National Environmental Science Programme, Threatened Species Recovery Hub, Australia; Quantitative and Applied Ecology Group, School of BioSciences, University of Melbourne, Victoria, Australia
| | - M J Westgate
- Fenner School of Environment and Society, The Australian National University, Canberra, Australia
| | - D B Lindenmayer
- Fenner School of Environment and Society, The Australian National University, Canberra, Australia; National Environmental Science Programme, Threatened Species Recovery Hub, Australia
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211
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Latecomers to the Fossil Energy Transition, Frontrunners for Change? The Relevance of the Energy ‘Underdogs’ for Sustainability Transformations. SUSTAINABILITY 2018. [DOI: 10.3390/su10082650] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/16/2022]
Abstract
The global energy system subsumes both extreme wealth (and waste) and extreme poverty. A minority of the global population is consuming the majority of the fossil fuel-based energy and causing global warming. While the mature industrialized economies maintain their high levels of energy consumption, the emerging economies are rapidly expanding their fossil energy systems, emulating traditional patterns of industrialization. We take a global, socio-metabolic perspective on the energy transition phases—take-off, maturation, and completion—of 142 countries between 1971 and 2015. Even within our global fossil energy system, the transition to fossil energy is still ongoing; many countries are in the process of replacing renewable energy with fossil energy. However, due to globally limited supplies and sinks, continuing the fossil energy transition is not an indefinite option. Rather than a “Big Push” for renewable energy within pockets of the fossil energy system, a sustainability transformation is required that would change far more than patterns of energy supply and use. Where this far-reaching change requires pushing back against the fossil energy system, the energy underdogs—the latecomers to the fossil energy transition—just might come out on top.
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212
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Facilitating Change for Climate-Smart Agriculture through Science-Policy Engagement. SUSTAINABILITY 2018. [DOI: 10.3390/su10082616] [Citation(s) in RCA: 21] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/16/2022]
Abstract
Climate change impacts on agriculture have become evident, and threaten the achievement of global food security. On the other hand, the agricultural sector itself is a cause of climate change, and if actions are not taken, the sector might impede the achievement of global climate goals. Science-policy engagement efforts are crucial to ensure that scientific findings from agricultural research for development inform actions of governments, private sector, non-governmental organizations (NGOs) and international development partners, accelerating progress toward global goals. However, knowledge gaps on what works limit progress. In this paper, we analyzed 34 case studies of science-policy engagement efforts, drawn from six years of agricultural research for development efforts around climate-smart agriculture by the CGIAR Research Program on Climate Change, Agriculture and Food Security (CCAFS). Based on lessons derived from these case studies, we critically assessed and refined the program theory of the CCAFS program, leading to a revised and improved program theory for science-policy engagement for agriculture research for development under climate change. This program theory offers a pragmatic pathway to enhance credibility, salience and legitimacy of research, which relies on engagement (participatory and demand-driven research processes), evidence (building scientific credibility while adopting an opportunistic and flexible approach) and outreach (effective communication and capacity building).
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213
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Martinez-Harms MJ, Gelcich S, Krug RM, Maseyk FJF, Moersberger H, Rastogi A, Wambugu G, Krug CB, Spehn EM, Pascual U. Framing natural assets for advancing sustainability research: translating different perspectives into actions. SUSTAINABILITY SCIENCE 2018; 13:1519-1531. [PMID: 30546485 PMCID: PMC6267164 DOI: 10.1007/s11625-018-0599-5] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/15/2017] [Accepted: 06/26/2018] [Indexed: 05/21/2023]
Abstract
Sustainability is a key challenge for humanity in the context of complex and unprecedented global changes. Future Earth, an international research initiative aiming to advance global sustainability science, has recently launched knowledge-action networks (KANs) as mechanisms for delivering its research strategy. The research initiative is currently developing a KAN on "natural assets" to facilitate and enable action-oriented research and synthesis towards natural assets sustainability. 'Natural assets' has been adopted by Future Earth as an umbrella term aiming to translate and bridge across different knowledge systems and different perspectives on peoples' relationships with nature. In this paper, we clarify the framing of Future Earth around natural assets emphasizing the recognition on pluralism and identifying the challenges of translating different visions about the role of natural assets, including via policy formulation, for local to global sustainability challenges. This understanding will be useful to develop inter-and transdisciplinary solutions for human-environmental problems by (i) embracing richer collaborative decision processes and building bridges across different perspectives; (ii) giving emphasis on the interactions between biophysical and socioeconomic drivers affecting the future trends of investments and disinvestments in natural assets; and (iii) focusing on social equity, power relationships for effective application of the natural assets approach. This understanding also intends to inform the scope of the natural asset KAN's research agenda to mobilize the translation of research into co-designed action for sustainability.
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Affiliation(s)
- Maria Jose Martinez-Harms
- Center for Applied Ecology and Sustainability (CAPES), Center for the Study of Multiple-Drivers on Marine Socio-Ecological Systems, Pontificia Universidad Catolica de Chile, Avd. Libertador Bernardo O’Higgins 340, Santiago, Chile
- Australian Research Council Centre of Excellence for Environmental Decisions, School of Biological Sciences, The University of Queensland, Saint Lucia, QLD 4072 Australia
| | - Stefan Gelcich
- Center for Applied Ecology and Sustainability (CAPES), Center for the Study of Multiple-Drivers on Marine Socio-Ecological Systems, Pontificia Universidad Catolica de Chile, Avd. Libertador Bernardo O’Higgins 340, Santiago, Chile
| | - Rainer M. Krug
- Department of Evolutionary Biology and Environmental Studies, University of Zurich, Winterthurerstrasse 190, 8057 Zurich, Switzerland
| | - Fleur J. F. Maseyk
- Australian Research Council Centre of Excellence for Environmental Decisions, School of Biological Sciences, The University of Queensland, Saint Lucia, QLD 4072 Australia
- The Catalyst Group, PO Box 362, Palmerston North, 4440 New Zealand
| | - Hannah Moersberger
- Future Earth Paris Hub, Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), 4 Place Jussieu, 75005 Paris, France
| | - Archi Rastogi
- Universalia Management Group, 245 Victoria Avenue, Suite 200, Westmount, QC Canada
| | - Geoffrey Wambugu
- School of Natural Resources and Environmental Studies, Karatina University, PO Box 1957-10101, Karatina, Kenya
| | - Cornelia B. Krug
- URPP Global Change and Biodiversity, University of Zurich, Winterthurerstrasse 190, 8057 Zurich, Switzerland
- bioDISCOVERY, Department of Geography, University of Zurich, Winterthurerstrasse 190, 8057 Zurich, Switzerland
| | - Eva M. Spehn
- Global Mountain Biodiversity Assessment, Institute of Plant Sciences, University of Bern, Altenbergrain 21, 3013 Bern, Switzerland
| | - Unai Pascual
- Basque Centre for Climate Change, University of the Basque Country (UPV-EHU), Sede Building 1, 1st Floor, Scientific Campus, Leioa, 48940 Bilbao, Spain
- Ikerbasque, Basque Foundation for Science, María Díaz Haro, 3, 48013 Bilbao, Spain
- Centre for
Development and Environment, University of Bern, Mittelstrasse 43, 3012 Bern, Switzerland
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214
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Understanding the Past to Envision a Sustainable Future: A Social–Ecological History of the Barranquilla Metropolitan Area (Colombia). SUSTAINABILITY 2018. [DOI: 10.3390/su10072247] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/16/2022]
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215
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Implementing Green IT Transformation for Sustainability: A Case Study in China. SUSTAINABILITY 2018. [DOI: 10.3390/su10072160] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/17/2022]
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216
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Transformations for Resilient Rural Futures: The Case of Kaikōura, Aotearoa-New Zealand. SUSTAINABILITY 2018. [DOI: 10.3390/su10061952] [Citation(s) in RCA: 17] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/16/2022]
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217
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Barthel S, Belton S, Raymond CM, Giusti M. Fostering Children's Connection to Nature Through Authentic Situations: The Case of Saving Salamanders at School. Front Psychol 2018; 9:928. [PMID: 29937747 PMCID: PMC6002744 DOI: 10.3389/fpsyg.2018.00928] [Citation(s) in RCA: 32] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/14/2017] [Accepted: 05/22/2018] [Indexed: 11/30/2022] Open
Abstract
The aim of this paper is to explore how children learn to form new relationships with nature. It draws on a longitudinal case study of children participating in a stewardship project involving the conservation of salamanders during the school day in Stockholm, Sweden. The qualitative method includes two waves of data collection: when a group of 10-year-old children participated in the project (2015) and 2 years after they participated (2017). We conducted 49 interviews with children as well as using participant observations and questionnaires. We found indications that children developed sympathy for salamanders and increased concern and care for nature, and that such relationships persisted 2 years after participation. Our rich qualitative data suggest that whole situations of sufficient unpredictability triggering free exploration of the area, direct sensory contact and significant experiences of interacting with a species were important for children's development of affective relationships with the salamander species and with nature in an open-ended sense. Saving the lives of trapped animals enabled direct sensory interaction, feedback, increased understanding, and development of new skills for dynamically exploring further ways of saving species in an interactive process experienced as deeply meaningful, enjoyable and connecting. The behavioral setting instilled a sense of pride and commitment, and the high degree of responsibility given to the children while exploring the habitat during authentic situations enriched children's enjoyment. The study has implications for the design of education programs that aim to connect children with nature and for a child-sensitive urban policy that supports authentic nature situations in close spatial proximity to preschools and schools.
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Affiliation(s)
- Stephan Barthel
- Faculty of Engineering and Sustainable Development, University of Gävle, Gävle, Gävle
- Stockholm Resilience Centre, Stockholm University, Stockholm, Stockholm
| | - Sophie Belton
- Stockholm Resilience Centre, Stockholm University, Stockholm, Stockholm
| | - Christopher M. Raymond
- Department of Landscape Architecture, Planning and Management, Swedish University of Agricultural Sciences, Alnarp, Alnarp
| | - Matteo Giusti
- Stockholm Resilience Centre, Stockholm University, Stockholm, Stockholm
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218
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Regenerative Development as an Integrative Paradigm and Methodology for Landscape Sustainability. SUSTAINABILITY 2018. [DOI: 10.3390/su10061910] [Citation(s) in RCA: 20] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/16/2022]
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219
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Exploring the Dedicated Knowledge Base of a Transformation towards a Sustainable Bioeconomy. SUSTAINABILITY 2018. [DOI: 10.3390/su10061694] [Citation(s) in RCA: 26] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/16/2022]
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220
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Kettenburg AJ, Hanspach J, Abson DJ, Fischer J. From disagreements to dialogue: unpacking the Golden Rice debate. SUSTAINABILITY SCIENCE 2018; 13:1469-1482. [PMID: 30220919 PMCID: PMC6132390 DOI: 10.1007/s11625-018-0577-y] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/20/2017] [Accepted: 05/04/2018] [Indexed: 06/08/2023]
Abstract
Transgenic Golden Rice has been hailed as a practical solution to vitamin A deficiency, but has also been heavily criticized. To facilitate a balanced view on this polarized debate, we investigated existing arguments for and against Golden Rice from a sustainability science perspective. In a structured literature review of peer-reviewed publications on Golden Rice, we assessed to what extent 64 articles addressed 70 questions covering different aspects of sustainability. Using cluster analysis, we grouped the literature into two major branches, containing two clusters each. These clusters differed in the range and nature of the sustainability aspects addressed, disciplinary affiliation and overall evaluation of Golden Rice. The 'biotechnological' branch (clusters: 'technical effectiveness' and 'advocacy') was dominated by the natural sciences, focused on biophysical plant-consumer interactions, and evaluated Golden Rice positively. In contrast, the 'socio-systemic' branch (clusters: 'economic efficiency' and 'equity and holism') was primarily comprised of social sciences, addressed a wider variety of sustainability aspects including participation, equity, ethics and biodiversity, and more often pointed to the shortcomings of Golden Rice. There were little to no integration efforts between the two branches, and highly polarized positions arose in the clusters on 'advocacy' and 'equity and holism'. To explore this divide, we investigated the influences of disciplinary affiliations and personal values on the respective problem framings. We conclude that to move beyond a polarized debate, it may be fruitful to ground the Golden Rice discourse in facets and methods of sustainability science, with an emphasis on participation and integration of diverging interests.
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Affiliation(s)
- Annika J. Kettenburg
- Faculty of Sustainability, Leuphana University of Lüneburg, Universitätsallee 1, 21335 Lüneburg, Germany
- Lund University Centre for Sustainability Studies (LUCSUS), Lund University, Box 170, 22100 Lund, Sweden
| | - Jan Hanspach
- Faculty of Sustainability, Leuphana University of Lüneburg, Universitätsallee 1, 21335 Lüneburg, Germany
| | - David J. Abson
- Faculty of Sustainability, Leuphana University of Lüneburg, Universitätsallee 1, 21335 Lüneburg, Germany
| | - Joern Fischer
- Faculty of Sustainability, Leuphana University of Lüneburg, Universitätsallee 1, 21335 Lüneburg, Germany
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221
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Beyond Biodiversity Conservation: Land Sharing Constitutes Sustainable Agriculture in European Cultural Landscapes. SUSTAINABILITY 2018. [DOI: 10.3390/su10051395] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/17/2022]
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222
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Moustafa K. Ships as future floating farm systems? PLANT SIGNALING & BEHAVIOR 2018; 13:e1237330. [PMID: 27687086 PMCID: PMC5933912 DOI: 10.1080/15592324.2016.1237330] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/22/2016] [Accepted: 09/12/2016] [Indexed: 06/06/2023]
Abstract
Environmental and agriculture challenges such as severe drought, desertification, sprawling cities and shrinking arable lands in large regions in the world compel us to think about alternative and sustainable farming systems. Ongoing projects to build floating cities in the sea suggest that building specific ships for farming purposes (as farming ships or farming boats) would also be attainable to introduce new farming surfaces and boost food production worldwide to cope with food insecurity issues.
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223
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Towards a Social-Ecological Urbanism: Co-Producing Knowledge through Design in the Albano Resilient Campus Project in Stockholm. SUSTAINABILITY 2018. [DOI: 10.3390/su10030717] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/16/2022]
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224
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Webb R, Bai X, Smith MS, Costanza R, Griggs D, Moglia M, Neuman M, Newman P, Newton P, Norman B, Ryan C, Schandl H, Steffen W, Tapper N, Thomson G. Sustainable urban systems: Co-design and framing for transformation. AMBIO 2018; 47:57-77. [PMID: 28766172 PMCID: PMC5709263 DOI: 10.1007/s13280-017-0934-6] [Citation(s) in RCA: 20] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/21/2017] [Revised: 04/11/2017] [Accepted: 07/01/2017] [Indexed: 05/20/2023]
Abstract
Rapid urbanisation generates risks and opportunities for sustainable development. Urban policy and decision makers are challenged by the complexity of cities as social-ecological-technical systems. Consequently there is an increasing need for collaborative knowledge development that supports a whole-of-system view, and transformational change at multiple scales. Such holistic urban approaches are rare in practice. A co-design process involving researchers, practitioners and other stakeholders, has progressed such an approach in the Australian context, aiming to also contribute to international knowledge development and sharing. This process has generated three outputs: (1) a shared framework to support more systematic knowledge development and use, (2) identification of barriers that create a gap between stated urban goals and actual practice, and (3) identification of strategic focal areas to address this gap. Developing integrated strategies at broader urban scales is seen as the most pressing need. The knowledge framework adopts a systems perspective that incorporates the many urban trade-offs and synergies revealed by a systems view. Broader implications are drawn for policy and decision makers, for researchers and for a shared forward agenda.
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Affiliation(s)
- Robert Webb
- Fenner School of Environment and Society, Australian National University, Building 141, Linnaeus Way, Acton, Canberra, ACT 2601 Australia
| | - Xuemei Bai
- Fenner School of Environment and Society, Australian National University, Building 141, Linnaeus Way, Acton, Canberra, ACT 2601 Australia
- Beijing Normal University, Beijing, China
| | - Mark Stafford Smith
- CSIRO Land and Water, CSIRO, Clunies Ross Street, Canberra, ACT 2601 Australia
| | - Robert Costanza
- Crawford School of Public Policy, Australian National University, 132 Lennox Crossing, Canberra, ACT 2601 Australia
| | - David Griggs
- Monash Sustainable Development Institute, Monash University, 8 Scenic Boulevard, Clayton Campus, Clayton, VIC 3800 Australia
- Warwick University, Coventry, UK
| | - Magnus Moglia
- CSIRO, Ian Wark Building (B203), Clayton South, VIC 3169 Australia
| | - Michael Neuman
- Faculty of Architecture and the Built Environment, University of Westminster, 35 Marylebone Road, London, NW1 5LS UK
| | - Peter Newman
- Curtin University Sustainability Policy (CUSP) Institute, Curtin University, GPO Box U1987, Perth, WA 6845 Australia
| | - Peter Newton
- Centre for Urban Transitions, Swinburne University of Technology, EW Building, Serpells Lane, Hawthorn, Melbourne, VIC 3122 Australia
| | - Barbara Norman
- Canberra Urban and Regional Futures, Faculty of Business, Government & Law, University of Canberra, Building 7D34, Bruce, ACT 2167 Australia
| | - Chris Ryan
- Victorian Eco-Innovation Lab, Faculty of Architecture, Building and Planning, University of Melbourne, Building 133, Parkville, VIC 3010 Australia
| | - Heinz Schandl
- CSIRO Land and Water, CSIRO, Clunies Ross Street, Canberra, ACT 2601 Australia
| | - Will Steffen
- Fenner School of Environment and Society, Australian National University, Building 141, Linnaeus Way, Acton, Canberra, ACT 2601 Australia
- Stockholm Resilience Centre, Stockholm University, Stockholm, Sweden
| | - Nigel Tapper
- School of Earth Atmosphere & Environment, Cooperative Research Centre for Water Sensitive Cities, Monash University, Clayton, VIC 3800 Australia
| | - Giles Thomson
- Curtin University Sustainability Policy (CUSP) Institute, Curtin University, GPO Box U1987, Perth, WA 6845 Australia
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225
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Dimensions of Landscape Stewardship across Europe: Landscape Values, Place Attachment, Awareness, and Personal Responsibility. SUSTAINABILITY 2018. [DOI: 10.3390/su10010263] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/16/2022]
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226
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Giusti M, Svane U, Raymond CM, Beery TH. A Framework to Assess Where and How Children Connect to Nature. Front Psychol 2018; 8:2283. [PMID: 29354088 PMCID: PMC5758586 DOI: 10.3389/fpsyg.2017.02283] [Citation(s) in RCA: 42] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/15/2017] [Accepted: 12/14/2017] [Indexed: 11/29/2022] Open
Abstract
The design of the green infrastructure in urban areas largely ignores how people's relation to nature, or human-nature connection (HNC), can be nurtured. One practical reason for this is the lack of a framework to guide the assessment of where people, and more importantly children, experience significant nature situations and establish nature routines. This paper develops such a framework. We employed a mixed-method approach to understand what qualities of nature situations connect children to nature (RQ1), what constitutes children's HNC (RQ2), and how significant nature situations and children's HNC relate to each other over time (RQ3). We first interviewed professionals in the field of connecting children to nature (N = 26), performed inductive thematic analysis of these interviews, and then further examined the inductive findings by surveying specialists (N = 275). We identified 16 qualities of significant nature situations (e.g., “awe,” “engagement of senses,” “involvement of mentors”) and 10 abilities that constitute children's HNC (e.g., “feeling comfortable in natural spaces,” “feeling attached to natural spaces,” “taking care of nature”). We elaborated three principles to answer our research questions: (1) significant nature situations are various and with differing consequences for children's HNC; (2) children's HNC is a complex embodied ability; (3) children's HNC progresses over time through diverse nature routines. Together, these findings form the Assessment framework for Children's Human Nature Situations (ACHUNAS). ACHUNAS is a comprehensive framework that outlines what to quantify or qualify when assessing “child-nature connecting” environments. It guides the assessment of where and how children connect to nature, stimulating both the design of nature-connecting human habitats as well as pedagogical approaches to HNC.
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Affiliation(s)
- Matteo Giusti
- Stockholm Resilience Centre, Stockholm University, Stockholm, Sweden
| | - Ulrika Svane
- Stockholm Resilience Centre, Stockholm University, Stockholm, Sweden
| | - Christopher M Raymond
- Department of Landscape Architecture, Planning and Management, Swedish University of Agricultural Sciences, Uppsala, Sweden
| | - Thomas H Beery
- School of Education and Environment, Kristianstad University College, Kristianstad, Sweden
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227
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Ives CD, Abson DJ, von Wehrden H, Dorninger C, Klaniecki K, Fischer J. Reconnecting with nature for sustainability. SUSTAINABILITY SCIENCE 2018; 13:1389-1397. [PMID: 30220917 PMCID: PMC6132401 DOI: 10.1007/s11625-018-0542-9] [Citation(s) in RCA: 60] [Impact Index Per Article: 10.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/14/2017] [Accepted: 02/16/2018] [Indexed: 05/19/2023]
Abstract
Calls for humanity to 'reconnect to nature' have grown increasingly louder from both scholars and civil society. Yet, there is relatively little coherence about what reconnecting to nature means, why it should happen and how it can be achieved. We present a conceptual framework to organise existing literature and direct future research on human-nature connections. Five types of connections to nature are identified: material, experiential, cognitive, emotional, and philosophical. These various types have been presented as causes, consequences, or treatments of social and environmental problems. From this conceptual base, we discuss how reconnecting people with nature can function as a treatment for the global environmental crisis. Adopting a social-ecological systems perspective, we draw upon the emerging concept of 'leverage points'-places in complex systems to intervene to generate change-and explore examples of how actions to reconnect people with nature can help transform society towards sustainability.
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Affiliation(s)
- Christopher D. Ives
- School of Geography, University of Nottingham, University Park, Nottingham, NG7 2RD UK
- Faculty of Sustainability, Leuphana University Lüneburg, Universitätsallee 1, 21335 Lüneburg, Germany
| | - David J. Abson
- Faculty of Sustainability, Leuphana University Lüneburg, Universitätsallee 1, 21335 Lüneburg, Germany
| | - Henrik von Wehrden
- Faculty of Sustainability, Leuphana University Lüneburg, Universitätsallee 1, 21335 Lüneburg, Germany
| | - Christian Dorninger
- Faculty of Sustainability, Leuphana University Lüneburg, Universitätsallee 1, 21335 Lüneburg, Germany
| | - Kathleen Klaniecki
- Faculty of Sustainability, Leuphana University Lüneburg, Universitätsallee 1, 21335 Lüneburg, Germany
| | - Joern Fischer
- Faculty of Sustainability, Leuphana University Lüneburg, Universitätsallee 1, 21335 Lüneburg, Germany
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228
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The Role of University Campuses in Reconnecting Humans to the Biosphere. SUSTAINABILITY 2017. [DOI: 10.3390/su9122349] [Citation(s) in RCA: 17] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/16/2022]
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229
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Innovation Systems for Transformations towards Sustainability? Taking the Normative Dimension Seriously. SUSTAINABILITY 2017. [DOI: 10.3390/su9122253] [Citation(s) in RCA: 93] [Impact Index Per Article: 13.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/17/2022]
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230
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Manfredo MJ, Bruskotter JT, Teel TL, Fulton DC, Oishi S, Uskul AK, Redford KH, Schwartz SH, Arlinghaus R, Kitayama S, Sullivan L. Revisiting the challenge of intentional value shift: reply to Ives and Fischer. CONSERVATION BIOLOGY : THE JOURNAL OF THE SOCIETY FOR CONSERVATION BIOLOGY 2017; 31:1486-1487. [PMID: 28992363 DOI: 10.1111/cobi.13026] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/18/2017] [Revised: 08/07/2017] [Accepted: 08/11/2017] [Indexed: 06/07/2023]
Affiliation(s)
- Michael J Manfredo
- Human Dimensions of Natural Resources, Colorado State University, 1480 Campus Delivery, Fort Collins, CO 80523, U.S.A
| | - Jeremy T Bruskotter
- School of Environment and Natural Resources, Ohio State University, 210 Kottman Hall, 2021 Coffey Road, Columbus, OH 43210, U.S.A
| | - Tara L Teel
- Human Dimensions of Natural Resources, Colorado State University, 1480 Campus Delivery, Fort Collins, CO 80523, U.S.A
| | - David C Fulton
- Department of Fish, Wildlife and Conservation Biology, University of Minnesota, 135 Skok Hall, 2003 Upper Buford Circle, St. Paul, MN 55108, U.S.A
| | - Shigehiro Oishi
- Department of Psychology, University of Virginia, 102 Gilmer Hall, P.O. Box 400400, Charlottesville, VA 22904, U.S.A
| | - Ayse K Uskul
- School of Psychology, University of Kent, Keynes College, University of Kent, Canterbury, Kent CT2 7NP, U.K
| | - Kent H Redford
- Archipelago Consulting, P.O. Box 4750, Portland, ME 04112, U.S.A
| | - Shalom H Schwartz
- Department of Psychology, The Hebrew University of Jerusalem, Mount Scopus, Jerusalem 91905, Israel
| | - Robert Arlinghaus
- Leibniz-Institute of Freshwater Ecology and Inland Fisheries, Müggelseedamm 310, 12587 Berlin, Germany
| | - Shinobu Kitayama
- Department of Psychology, University of Michigan, 1004 East Hall, 530 Church Street, Ann Arbor, MI 48109, U.S.A
| | - Leeann Sullivan
- Human Dimensions of Natural Resources, Colorado State University, 1480 Campus Delivery, Fort Collins, CO 80523, U.S.A
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231
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Ives CD, Fischer J. The self-sabotage of conservation: reply to Manfredo et al. CONSERVATION BIOLOGY : THE JOURNAL OF THE SOCIETY FOR CONSERVATION BIOLOGY 2017; 31:1483-1485. [PMID: 28992381 DOI: 10.1111/cobi.13025] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/06/2016] [Revised: 06/20/2017] [Accepted: 06/23/2017] [Indexed: 05/26/2023]
Affiliation(s)
- Christopher D Ives
- School of Geography, University of Nottingham, University Park, Nottingham, NG7 2RD, U.K
| | - Joern Fischer
- Faculty of Sustainability, Leuphana University Lueneburg, Scharnhorststrasse 1, 21335 Lueneburg, Germany
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232
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Colloff MJ, Lavorel S, van Kerkhoff LE, Wyborn CA, Fazey I, Gorddard R, Mace GM, Foden WB, Dunlop M, Prentice IC, Crowley J, Leadley P, Degeorges P. Transforming conservation science and practice for a postnormal world. CONSERVATION BIOLOGY : THE JOURNAL OF THE SOCIETY FOR CONSERVATION BIOLOGY 2017; 31:1008-1017. [PMID: 28225163 DOI: 10.1111/cobi.12912] [Citation(s) in RCA: 26] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/10/2016] [Revised: 02/14/2017] [Accepted: 02/17/2017] [Indexed: 05/22/2023]
Abstract
We examine issues to consider when reframing conservation science and practice in the context of global change. New framings of the links between ecosystems and society are emerging that are changing peoples' values and expectations of nature, resulting in plural perspectives on conservation. Reframing conservation for global change can thus be regarded as a stage in the evolving relationship between people and nature rather than some recent trend. New models of how conservation links with transformative adaptation include how decision contexts for conservation can be reframed and integrated with an adaptation pathways approach to create new options for global-change-ready conservation. New relationships for conservation science and governance include coproduction of knowledge that supports social learning. New processes for implementing adaptation for conservation outcomes include deliberate practices used to develop new strategies, shift world views, work with conflict, address power and intergenerational equity in decisions, and build consciousness and creativity that empower agents to act. We argue that reframing conservation for global change requires scientists and practitioners to implement approaches unconstrained by discipline and sectoral boundaries, geopolitical polarities, or technical problematization. We consider a stronger focus on inclusive creation of knowledge and the interaction of this knowledge with societal values and rules is likely to result in conservation science and practice that meets the challenges of a postnormal world.
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Affiliation(s)
- Matthew J Colloff
- Fenner School of Environment and Society, The Australian National University, Canberra, ACT, 2601, Australia
- Enabling Adaptation Pathways Project, CSIRO Land and Water, Canberra, ACT, 2601, Australia
| | - Sandra Lavorel
- Laboratoire d'Ecologie Alpine, CNRS - Université Grenoble Alpes, 38041 Grenoble cedex 9, France
| | - Lorrae E van Kerkhoff
- Fenner School of Environment and Society, The Australian National University, Canberra, ACT, 2601, Australia
| | - Carina A Wyborn
- Luc Hoffmann Institute, WWF International and College of Forestry and Conservation, University of Montana, 32 Campus Drive, Missoula, MT, 59801, U.S.A
| | - Ioan Fazey
- Centre for Environmental Change and Human Resilience (CECHR), School of the Environment, University of Dundee, Perth Road, Dundee, DD1 4HN, Scotland, U.K
| | - Russell Gorddard
- Enabling Adaptation Pathways Project, CSIRO Land and Water, Canberra, ACT, 2601, Australia
| | - Georgina M Mace
- Department of Genetics, Evolution and Environment, University College London, Gower Street, London, WC1E 6BT, U.K
| | - Wendy B Foden
- Climate Change Specialist Group, Species Survival Commission, International Union for the Conservation of Nature, 28 rue Mauverney, Gland, CH-1196, Switzerland
- Global Change and Biodiversity Group, Department of Botany and Zoology, Stellenbosch University, Private Bag X1, Matieland, 7602, South Africa
| | - Michael Dunlop
- Enabling Adaptation Pathways Project, CSIRO Land and Water, Canberra, ACT, 2601, Australia
| | - I Colin Prentice
- Grand Challenges in Ecosystems and the Environment and Grantham Institute - Climate Change and the Environment, Department of Life Sciences, Silwood Park Campus, Buckhurst Road, Ascot, Berkshire, SL5 7PY, U.K
| | - John Crowley
- Social and Human Sciences Sector - Division of Social Transformations and Intercultural Dialogue, UNESCO, 7 place de Fontenoy, 75352 Paris 07 SP, France
| | - Paul Leadley
- Laboratoire Ecologie, Systématique et Evolution, Université Paris-Sud, 91405 Orsay cedex, France
| | - Patrick Degeorges
- Ministère de l'Écologie, du Développement durable et de l'Énergie, 92055 Paris cedex 15, France
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233
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On the System. Boundary Choices, Implications, and Solutions in Telecoupling Land Use Change Research. SUSTAINABILITY 2017. [DOI: 10.3390/su9060974] [Citation(s) in RCA: 31] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/17/2022]
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234
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Performance versus Values in Sustainability Transformation of Food Systems. SUSTAINABILITY 2017. [DOI: 10.3390/su9030332] [Citation(s) in RCA: 21] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/05/2023]
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