201
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Pomatto LCD, Sun PY, Davies KJA. To adapt or not to adapt: Consequences of declining Adaptive Homeostasis and Proteostasis with age. Mech Ageing Dev 2018; 177:80-87. [PMID: 29778759 DOI: 10.1016/j.mad.2018.05.006] [Citation(s) in RCA: 20] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/26/2018] [Revised: 05/15/2018] [Accepted: 05/16/2018] [Indexed: 12/17/2022]
Abstract
Many consequences of ageing can be broadly attributed to the inability to maintain homeostasis. Multiple markers of ageing have been identified, including loss of protein homeostasis, increased inflammation, and declining metabolism. Although much effort has been focused on characterization of the ageing phenotype, much less is understood about the underlying causes of ageing. To address this gap, we outline the age-associated consequences of dysregulation of 'Adaptive Homeostasis' and its proposed contributing role as an accelerator of the ageing phenotype. Adaptive Homeostasis is a phenomenon, shared across cells and tissues of both simple and complex organisms, that enables the transient plastic expansion or contraction of the homeostatic range to modulate stress-protective systems (such as the Proteasome, the Immunoproteasome, and the Lon protease) in response to varying internal and external environments. The age-related rise in the baseline of stress-protective systems and the inability to increase beyond a physiological ceiling is likely a contributor to the reduction and loss of Adaptive Homeostasis. We propose that dysregulation of Adaptive Homeostasis in the final third of lifespan is a significant factor in the ageing process, while successful maintenance of Adaptive Homeostasis below a physiological ceiling results in extended longevity.
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Affiliation(s)
- Laura C D Pomatto
- Leonard Davis School of Gerontology of the Ethel Percy Andrus Gerontology Center, the University of Southern California, Los Angeles, CA, 00089-0191, USA
| | - Patrick Y Sun
- Leonard Davis School of Gerontology of the Ethel Percy Andrus Gerontology Center, the University of Southern California, Los Angeles, CA, 00089-0191, USA
| | - Kelvin J A Davies
- Leonard Davis School of Gerontology of the Ethel Percy Andrus Gerontology Center, the University of Southern California, Los Angeles, CA, 00089-0191, USA; Molecular & Computational Biology Program of the Department of Biological Sciences, Dornsife College of Letters, Arts, and sciences, the University of Southern California, Los Angeles, CA, 90089-0191, USA; Department of Biochemistry & Molecular Medicine, Keck School of Medicine of USC, the University of Southern California, Los Angeles, CA, USA.
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202
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Bustamante HA, González AE, Cerda-Troncoso C, Shaughnessy R, Otth C, Soza A, Burgos PV. Interplay Between the Autophagy-Lysosomal Pathway and the Ubiquitin-Proteasome System: A Target for Therapeutic Development in Alzheimer's Disease. Front Cell Neurosci 2018; 12:126. [PMID: 29867359 PMCID: PMC5954036 DOI: 10.3389/fncel.2018.00126] [Citation(s) in RCA: 53] [Impact Index Per Article: 8.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/30/2018] [Accepted: 04/20/2018] [Indexed: 12/14/2022] Open
Abstract
Alzheimer’s disease (AD) is the most common cause of age-related dementia leading to severe irreversible cognitive decline and massive neurodegeneration. While therapeutic approaches for managing symptoms are available, AD currently has no cure. AD associates with a progressive decline of the two major catabolic pathways of eukaryotic cells—the autophagy-lysosomal pathway (ALP) and the ubiquitin-proteasome system (UPS)—that contributes to the accumulation of harmful molecules implicated in synaptic plasticity and long-term memory impairment. One protein recently highlighted as the earliest initiator of these disturbances is the amyloid precursor protein (APP) intracellular C-terminal membrane fragment β (CTFβ), a key toxic agent with deleterious effects on neuronal function that has become an important pathogenic factor for AD and a potential biomarker for AD patients. This review focuses on the involvement of regulatory molecules and specific post-translational modifications (PTMs) that operate in the UPS and ALP to control a single proteostasis network to achieve protein balance. We discuss how these aspects can contribute to the development of novel strategies to strengthen the balance of key pathogenic proteins associated with AD.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hianara A Bustamante
- Institute of Physiology, Faculty of Medicine, Universidad Austral de Chile, Valdivia, Chile.,Center for Interdisciplinary Studies on the Nervous System (CISNe), Universidad Austral de Chile, Valdivia, Chile
| | - Alexis E González
- Institute of Physiology, Faculty of Medicine, Universidad Austral de Chile, Valdivia, Chile.,Fundación Ciencia y Vida, Santiago, Chile
| | - Cristobal Cerda-Troncoso
- Centro de Biología Celular y Biomedicina (CEBICEM), Facultad de Medicina y Ciencia, Universidad San Sebastián, Santiago, Chile
| | - Ronan Shaughnessy
- Centro de Biología Celular y Biomedicina (CEBICEM), Facultad de Medicina y Ciencia, Universidad San Sebastián, Santiago, Chile.,Center for Aging and Regeneration (CARE), Facultad de Ciencias Biológicas, Pontificia Universidad Católica de Chile, Santiago, Chile
| | - Carola Otth
- Center for Interdisciplinary Studies on the Nervous System (CISNe), Universidad Austral de Chile, Valdivia, Chile.,Institute of Clinical Microbiology, Faculty of Medicine, Universidad Austral de Chile, Valdivia, Chile
| | - Andrea Soza
- Centro de Biología Celular y Biomedicina (CEBICEM), Facultad de Medicina y Ciencia, Universidad San Sebastián, Santiago, Chile.,Center for Aging and Regeneration (CARE), Facultad de Ciencias Biológicas, Pontificia Universidad Católica de Chile, Santiago, Chile
| | - Patricia V Burgos
- Institute of Physiology, Faculty of Medicine, Universidad Austral de Chile, Valdivia, Chile.,Centro de Biología Celular y Biomedicina (CEBICEM), Facultad de Medicina y Ciencia, Universidad San Sebastián, Santiago, Chile.,Center for Aging and Regeneration (CARE), Facultad de Ciencias Biológicas, Pontificia Universidad Católica de Chile, Santiago, Chile
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203
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Mishra R, Upadhyay A, Prajapati VK, Mishra A. Proteasome-mediated proteostasis: Novel medicinal and pharmacological strategies for diseases. Med Res Rev 2018; 38:1916-1973. [DOI: 10.1002/med.21502] [Citation(s) in RCA: 18] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/30/2017] [Revised: 03/13/2018] [Accepted: 04/04/2018] [Indexed: 02/06/2023]
Affiliation(s)
- Ribhav Mishra
- Cellular and Molecular Neurobiology Unit; Indian Institute of Technology Jodhpur; Rajasthan India
| | - Arun Upadhyay
- Cellular and Molecular Neurobiology Unit; Indian Institute of Technology Jodhpur; Rajasthan India
| | - Vijay Kumar Prajapati
- Department of Biochemistry; School of Life Sciences; Central University of Rajasthan; Rajasthan India
| | - Amit Mishra
- Cellular and Molecular Neurobiology Unit; Indian Institute of Technology Jodhpur; Rajasthan India
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204
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Abele R, Tampé R. Moving the Cellular Peptidome by Transporters. Front Cell Dev Biol 2018; 6:43. [PMID: 29761100 PMCID: PMC5937356 DOI: 10.3389/fcell.2018.00043] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/16/2018] [Accepted: 04/03/2018] [Indexed: 12/18/2022] Open
Abstract
Living matter is defined by metastability, implying a tightly balanced synthesis and turnover of cellular components. The first step of eukaryotic protein degradation via the ubiquitin-proteasome system (UPS) leads to peptides, which are subsequently degraded to single amino acids by an armada of proteases. A small fraction of peptides, however, escapes further cytosolic destruction and is transported by ATP-binding cassette (ABC) transporters into the endoplasmic reticulum (ER) and lysosomes. The ER-resident heterodimeric transporter associated with antigen processing (TAP) is a crucial component in adaptive immunity for the transport and loading of peptides onto major histocompatibility complex class I (MHC I) molecules. Although the function of the lysosomal resident homodimeric TAPL-like (TAPL) remains, until today, only loosely defined, an involvement in immune defense is anticipated since it is highly expressed in dendritic cells and macrophages. Here, we compare the gene organization and the function of single domains of both peptide transporters. We highlight the structural organization, the modes of substrate binding and translocation as well as physiological functions of both organellar transporters.
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Affiliation(s)
- Rupert Abele
- Institute of Biochemistry, Biocenter, Goethe University Frankfurt, Frankfurt, Germany
| | - Robert Tampé
- Institute of Biochemistry, Biocenter, Goethe University Frankfurt, Frankfurt, Germany.,Cluster of Excellence - Macromolecular Complexes, Goethe University Frankfurt, Frankfurt, Germany
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205
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Hautbergue GM. RNA Nuclear Export: From Neurological Disorders to Cancer. ADVANCES IN EXPERIMENTAL MEDICINE AND BIOLOGY 2018; 1007:89-109. [PMID: 28840554 DOI: 10.1007/978-3-319-60733-7_6] [Citation(s) in RCA: 29] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/14/2022]
Abstract
The presence of a nuclear envelope, also known as nuclear membrane, defines the structural framework of all eukaryotic cells by separating the nucleus, which contains the genetic material, from the cytoplasm where the synthesis of proteins takes place. Translation of proteins in Eukaryotes is thus dependent on the active transport of DNA-encoded RNA molecules through pores embedded within the nuclear membrane. Several mechanisms are involved in this process generally referred to as RNA nuclear export or nucleocytoplasmic transport of RNA. The regulated expression of genes requires the nuclear export of protein-coding messenger RNA molecules (mRNAs) as well as non-coding RNAs (ncRNAs) together with proteins and pre-assembled ribosomal subunits. The nuclear export of mRNAs is intrinsically linked to the co-transcriptional processing of nascent transcripts synthesized by the RNA polymerase II. This functional coupling is essential for the survival of cells allowing for timely nuclear export of fully processed transcripts, which could otherwise cause the translation of abnormal proteins such as the polymeric repeat proteins produced in some neurodegenerative diseases. Alterations of the mRNA nuclear export pathways can also lead to genome instability and to various forms of cancer. This chapter will describe the molecular mechanisms driving the nuclear export of RNAs with a particular emphasis on mRNAs. It will also review their known alterations in neurological disorders and cancer, and the recent opportunities they offer for the potential development of novel therapeutic strategies.
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Affiliation(s)
- Guillaume M Hautbergue
- RNA Biology Laboratory, Sheffield Institute for Translational Neuroscience (SITraN), Department of Neuroscience, University of Sheffield, 385a Glossop Road, Sheffield, S10 2HQ, UK.
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206
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Bertolotti A. Importance of the subcellular location of protein deposits in neurodegenerative diseases. Curr Opin Neurobiol 2018; 51:127-133. [PMID: 29631171 DOI: 10.1016/j.conb.2018.03.004] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/29/2018] [Revised: 03/04/2018] [Accepted: 03/12/2018] [Indexed: 12/26/2022]
Abstract
Alzheimer's disease, Parkinson's, Huntington's, amyotrophic lateral sclerosis (ALS) and prion disorders are devastating neurodegenerative diseases of increasing prevalence in aging populations. Although clinically different, they share similar molecular features: the accumulation of one or two proteins in abnormal conformations inside or outside neurons. Enhancing protein quality control systems could be a useful strategy to neutralize the abnormal proteins causing neurodegenerative diseases. This review emphasizes the subcellular location of protein deposits in neurodegenerative diseases and the need to tailor strategies aimed at boosting protein quality control systems to the affected subcellular compartment. Inhibition of a protein phosphatase terminating the unfolded protein response will be discussed as a strategy to protect from diseases associated with misfolded proteins in the endoplasmic reticulum.
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Affiliation(s)
- Anne Bertolotti
- MRC Laboratory of Molecular Biology, Francis Crick Avenue, Cambridge CB2 0QH, United Kingdom.
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207
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Chen Y, Zhang Y, Guo X. Proteasome dysregulation in human cancer: implications for clinical therapies. Cancer Metastasis Rev 2018; 36:703-716. [PMID: 29039081 DOI: 10.1007/s10555-017-9704-y] [Citation(s) in RCA: 24] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/15/2022]
Abstract
Cancer cells show heightened dependency on the proteasome for their survival, growth, and spread. Proteasome dysregulation is therefore commonly selected in favor of the development of many types of cancer. The vast abnormalities in a cancer cell, on top of the complexity of the proteasome itself, have enabled a plethora of mechanisms gearing the proteasome to the oncogenic process. Here, we use selected examples to highlight some general mechanisms underlying proteasome dysregulation in cancer, including copy number variations, transcriptional control, epigenetic regulation, and post-translational modifications. Research in this field has greatly advanced our understanding of proteasome regulation and will shed new light on proteasome-based combination therapies for cancer treatment.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yulin Chen
- Life Sciences Institute of Zhejiang University, 866 Yuhangtang Rd, Hangzhou, 310058, China
| | - Yanan Zhang
- Life Sciences Institute of Zhejiang University, 866 Yuhangtang Rd, Hangzhou, 310058, China
| | - Xing Guo
- Life Sciences Institute of Zhejiang University, 866 Yuhangtang Rd, Hangzhou, 310058, China.
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208
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Chen L, Zhu G, Johns EM, Yang X. TRIM11 activates the proteasome and promotes overall protein degradation by regulating USP14. Nat Commun 2018; 9:1223. [PMID: 29581427 PMCID: PMC5964324 DOI: 10.1038/s41467-018-03499-z] [Citation(s) in RCA: 43] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/17/2017] [Accepted: 02/19/2018] [Indexed: 12/27/2022] Open
Abstract
The proteasome is a complex protease critical for protein quality control and cell regulation, and its dysfunction is associated with cancer and other diseases. However, the mechanisms that control proteasome activity in normal and malignant cells remain unclear. Here we report that TRIM11 enhances degradation of aberrant and normal regulatory proteins, and augments overall rate of proteolysis. Mechanistically, TRIM11 binds to both the proteasome and USP14, a deubiquitinase that prematurely removes ubiquitins from proteasome-bound substrates and also noncatalytically inhibits the proteasome, and precludes their association, thereby increasing proteasome activity. TRIM11 promotes cell survival and is upregulated upon heat shock. Moreover, TRIM11 is required for tumor growth, and increased expression of TRIM11 correlates with poor clinical survival. These findings identify TRIM11 as an important activator of the proteasome, define a pathway that adjusts proteasome activity, and reveal a mechanism by which tumor cells acquire higher degradative power to support oncogenic growth. The proteasome-bound ubiquitinase USP14 plays an important role in determining proteasome activity and substrate specificity. Here the authors show that TRIM11, a member of the mammalian tripartite motif family, regulates USP14 and is an important activator of the proteasome.
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Affiliation(s)
- Liang Chen
- Department of Cancer Biology and Abramson Family Cancer Research Institute, Perelman School of Medicine, University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, PA, 19104, USA
| | - Guixin Zhu
- Department of Cancer Biology and Abramson Family Cancer Research Institute, Perelman School of Medicine, University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, PA, 19104, USA
| | - Eleanor M Johns
- Department of Cancer Biology and Abramson Family Cancer Research Institute, Perelman School of Medicine, University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, PA, 19104, USA
| | - Xiaolu Yang
- Department of Cancer Biology and Abramson Family Cancer Research Institute, Perelman School of Medicine, University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, PA, 19104, USA.
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209
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An SCF FBXO28 E3 Ligase Protects Pancreatic β-Cells from Apoptosis. Int J Mol Sci 2018; 19:ijms19040975. [PMID: 29587369 PMCID: PMC5979299 DOI: 10.3390/ijms19040975] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/15/2018] [Revised: 03/21/2018] [Accepted: 03/22/2018] [Indexed: 01/09/2023] Open
Abstract
Loss of pancreatic β-cell function and/or mass is a central hallmark of all forms of diabetes but its molecular basis is incompletely understood. β-cell apoptosis contributes to the reduced β-cell mass in diabetes. Therefore, the identification of important signaling molecules that promote β-cell survival in diabetes could lead to a promising therapeutic intervention to block β-cell decline during development and progression of diabetes. In the present study, we identified F-box protein 28 (FBXO28), a substrate-recruiting component of the Skp1-Cul1-F-box (SCF) ligase complex, as a regulator of pancreatic β-cell survival. FBXO28 was down-regulated in β-cells and in isolated human islets under diabetic conditions. Consistently, genetic silencing of FBXO28 impaired β-cell survival, and restoration of FBXO28 protected β-cells from the harmful effects of the diabetic milieu. Although FBXO28 expression positively correlated with β-cell transcription factor NEUROD1 and FBXO28 depletion also reduced insulin mRNA expression, neither FBXO28 overexpression nor depletion had any significant impact on insulin content, glucose-stimulated insulin secretion (GSIS) or on other genes involved in glucose sensing and metabolism or on important β-cell transcription factors in isolated human islets. Consistently, FBXO28 overexpression did not further alter insulin content and GSIS in freshly isolated islets from patients with type 2 diabetes (T2D). Our data show that FBXO28 improves pancreatic β-cell survival under diabetogenic conditions without affecting insulin secretion, and its restoration may be a novel therapeutic tool to promote β-cell survival in diabetes.
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210
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Gorrepati KDD, Lupse B, Annamalai K, Yuan T, Maedler K, Ardestani A. Loss of Deubiquitinase USP1 Blocks Pancreatic β-Cell Apoptosis by Inhibiting DNA Damage Response. iScience 2018; 1:72-86. [PMID: 30227958 PMCID: PMC6135944 DOI: 10.1016/j.isci.2018.02.003] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/21/2017] [Revised: 01/31/2018] [Accepted: 02/01/2018] [Indexed: 01/09/2023] Open
Abstract
Impaired pancreatic β-cell survival contributes to the reduced β-cell mass in diabetes, but underlying regulatory mechanisms and key players in this process remain incompletely understood. Here, we identified the deubiquitinase ubiquitin-specific protease 1 (USP1) as an important player in the regulation of β-cell apoptosis under diabetic conditions. Genetic silencing and pharmacological suppression of USP1 blocked β-cell death in several experimental models of diabetes in vitro and ex vivo without compromising insulin content and secretion and without impairing β-cell maturation/identity genes in human islets. Our further analyses showed that USP1 inhibition attenuated DNA damage response (DDR) signals, which were highly elevated in diabetic β-cells, suggesting a USP1-dependent regulation of DDR in stressed β-cells. Our findings highlight a novel function of USP1 in the control of β-cell survival, and its inhibition may have a potential therapeutic relevance for the suppression of β-cell death in diabetes. Genetic and chemical inhibition of USP1 promoted β-cell survival USP1 inhibitors blocked β-cell death in human islets without affecting β-cell function USP1 inhibition reduced DDR signals in stressed β-cells
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Affiliation(s)
- Kanaka Durga Devi Gorrepati
- Islet Biology Laboratory, University of Bremen, Centre for Biomolecular Interactions Bremen, Leobener Straße NW2, Room B2080, 28359 Bremen, Germany
| | - Blaz Lupse
- Islet Biology Laboratory, University of Bremen, Centre for Biomolecular Interactions Bremen, Leobener Straße NW2, Room B2080, 28359 Bremen, Germany
| | - Karthika Annamalai
- Islet Biology Laboratory, University of Bremen, Centre for Biomolecular Interactions Bremen, Leobener Straße NW2, Room B2080, 28359 Bremen, Germany
| | - Ting Yuan
- Islet Biology Laboratory, University of Bremen, Centre for Biomolecular Interactions Bremen, Leobener Straße NW2, Room B2080, 28359 Bremen, Germany
| | - Kathrin Maedler
- Islet Biology Laboratory, University of Bremen, Centre for Biomolecular Interactions Bremen, Leobener Straße NW2, Room B2080, 28359 Bremen, Germany.
| | - Amin Ardestani
- Islet Biology Laboratory, University of Bremen, Centre for Biomolecular Interactions Bremen, Leobener Straße NW2, Room B2080, 28359 Bremen, Germany.
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211
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Gopalakrishnan S, Ediga HH, Reddy SS, Reddy GB, Ismail A. Procyanidin-B2 enriched fraction of cinnamon acts as a proteasome inhibitor and anti-proliferative agent in human prostate cancer cells. IUBMB Life 2018. [DOI: 10.1002/iub.1735] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/17/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Srividya Gopalakrishnan
- Department of Endocrinology and Metabolism; National Institute of Nutrition; Hyderabad Telangana India
| | | | - S. Sreenivasa Reddy
- Department of Biochemistry; National Institute of Nutrition; Hyderabad Telangana India
| | - G. Bhanuprakash Reddy
- Department of Biochemistry; National Institute of Nutrition; Hyderabad Telangana India
| | - Ayesha Ismail
- Department of Endocrinology and Metabolism; National Institute of Nutrition; Hyderabad Telangana India
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212
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Morimoto S, Yahara K. Identification of stress responsive genes by studying specific relationships between mRNA and protein abundance. Heliyon 2018; 4:e00558. [PMID: 29560469 PMCID: PMC5857721 DOI: 10.1016/j.heliyon.2018.e00558] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/22/2017] [Revised: 02/03/2018] [Accepted: 02/23/2018] [Indexed: 11/26/2022] Open
Abstract
Protein expression is regulated by the production and degradation of mRNAs and proteins but the specifics of their relationship are controversial. Although technological advances have enabled genome-wide and time-series surveys of mRNA and protein abundance, recent studies have shown paradoxical results, with most statistical analyses being limited to linear correlation, or analysis of variance applied separately to mRNA and protein datasets. Here, using recently analyzed genome-wide time-series data, we have developed a statistical analysis framework for identifying which types of genes or biological gene groups have significant correlation between mRNA and protein abundance after accounting for potential time delays. Our framework stratifies all genes in terms of the extent of time delay, conducts gene clustering in each stratum, and performs a non-parametric statistical test of the correlation between mRNA and protein abundance in a gene cluster. Consequently, we revealed stronger correlations than previously reported between mRNA and protein abundance in two metabolic pathways. Moreover, we identified a pair of stress responsive genes (ADC17 and KIN1) that showed a highly similar time series of mRNA and protein abundance. Furthermore, we confirmed robustness of the analysis framework by applying it to another genome-wide time-series data and identifying a cytoskeleton-related gene cluster (keratin 18, keratin 17, and mitotic spindle positioning) that shows similar correlation. The significant correlation and highly similar changes of mRNA and protein abundance suggests a concerted role of these genes in cellular stress response, which we consider provides an answer to the question of the specific relationships between mRNA and protein in a cell. In addition, our framework for studying the relationship between mRNAs and proteins in a cell will provide a basis for studying specific relationships between mRNA and protein abundance after accounting for potential time delays.
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Affiliation(s)
- Shimpei Morimoto
- Division of Biostatistics, Kurume University School of Medicine, Fukuoka, Japan
| | - Koji Yahara
- Antimicrobial Resistance Research Center, National Institute of Infectious Diseases, Tokyo, Japan
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213
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Saez I, Koyuncu S, Gutierrez-Garcia R, Dieterich C, Vilchez D. Insights into the ubiquitin-proteasome system of human embryonic stem cells. Sci Rep 2018; 8:4092. [PMID: 29511261 PMCID: PMC5840266 DOI: 10.1038/s41598-018-22384-9] [Citation(s) in RCA: 35] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/09/2017] [Accepted: 02/22/2018] [Indexed: 12/27/2022] Open
Abstract
Human embryonic stem cells (hESCs) exhibit high levels of proteasome activity, an intrinsic characteristic required for their self-renewal, pluripotency and differentiation. However, the mechanisms by which enhanced proteasome activity maintains hESC identity are only partially understood. Besides its essential role for the ability of hESCs to suppress misfolded protein aggregation, we hypothesize that enhanced proteasome activity could also be important to degrade endogenous regulatory factors. Since E3 ubiquitin ligases are responsible for substrate selection, we first define which E3 enzymes are increased in hESCs compared with their differentiated counterparts. Among them, we find HECT-domain E3 ligases such as HERC2 and UBE3A as well as several RING-domain E3s, including UBR7 and RNF181. Systematic characterization of their interactome suggests a link with hESC identity. Moreover, loss of distinct up-regulated E3s triggers significant changes at the transcriptome and proteome level of hESCs. However, these alterations do not dysregulate pluripotency markers and differentiation ability. On the contrary, global proteasome inhibition impairs diverse processes required for hESC identity, including protein synthesis, rRNA maturation, telomere maintenance and glycolytic metabolism. Thus, our data indicate that high proteasome activity is coupled with other determinant biological processes of hESC identity.
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Affiliation(s)
- Isabel Saez
- Institute for Genetics and Cologne Excellence Cluster for Cellular Stress Responses in Aging-Associated Diseases (CECAD), University of Cologne, Joseph-Stelzmann-Strasse 26, 50931, Cologne, Germany
| | - Seda Koyuncu
- Institute for Genetics and Cologne Excellence Cluster for Cellular Stress Responses in Aging-Associated Diseases (CECAD), University of Cologne, Joseph-Stelzmann-Strasse 26, 50931, Cologne, Germany
| | - Ricardo Gutierrez-Garcia
- Institute for Genetics and Cologne Excellence Cluster for Cellular Stress Responses in Aging-Associated Diseases (CECAD), University of Cologne, Joseph-Stelzmann-Strasse 26, 50931, Cologne, Germany
| | - Christoph Dieterich
- Department of Internal Medicine III and Klaus Tschira Institute for Computational Cardiology, Section of Bioinformatics and Systems Cardiology, Neuenheimer Feld 669, University Hospital, 69120, Heidelberg, Germany
| | - David Vilchez
- Institute for Genetics and Cologne Excellence Cluster for Cellular Stress Responses in Aging-Associated Diseases (CECAD), University of Cologne, Joseph-Stelzmann-Strasse 26, 50931, Cologne, Germany.
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214
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Romaniuk W, Kalita J, Ostrowska H, Kloczko J. Proteasome 20S in multiple myeloma: comparison of concentration and chymotrypsin-like activity in plasma and serum. Scandinavian Journal of Clinical and Laboratory Investigation 2018; 78:253-257. [PMID: 29504425 DOI: 10.1080/00365513.2018.1446219] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/17/2022]
Abstract
The ubiquitin-proteasome system is relevant in the pathobiology of many haematological malignancies, including multiple myeloma. The assessment of proteasome concentration and chymotrypsin-like (ChT-L) activity might constitute a new approach to diagnosis, prognosis and monitoring of anticancer treatment of patients with haematological malignancies and other diseases. The aim of our study was to determine which material, plasma or serum, is better for measuring chymotrypsin-like (ChT-L) activity and proteasome concentration. We analysed proteasome concentration and chymotrypsin-like (ChT-L) activity in 70 plasma and serum samples drawn from 28 patients at different treatment stages for multiple myeloma (MM) and 31 healthy volunteers. Proteasome ChT-L activity and concentration in multiple myeloma patients were significantly higher in plasma compared to serum. In this group we observed significant and positive correlations both between the plasma and serum proteasome ChT-L activity and plasma and serum proteasome concentration. The higher values of proteasome concentration and ChT-L activity in plasma than in serum and their better correlations with parameters of tumour load and prognosis suggest that plasma constitutes a better biological material for measuring ChT-L activity and proteasome concentration than serum in multiple myeloma patients.
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Affiliation(s)
- Wioletta Romaniuk
- a Department of Haematology , Medical University of Bialystok , Bialystok , Poland
| | - Joanna Kalita
- b Department of Biology , Medical University of Bialystok , Bialystok , Poland
| | - Halina Ostrowska
- b Department of Biology , Medical University of Bialystok , Bialystok , Poland
| | - Janusz Kloczko
- a Department of Haematology , Medical University of Bialystok , Bialystok , Poland
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215
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Guo Q, Lehmer C, Martínez-Sánchez A, Rudack T, Beck F, Hartmann H, Pérez-Berlanga M, Frottin F, Hipp MS, Hartl FU, Edbauer D, Baumeister W, Fernández-Busnadiego R. In Situ Structure of Neuronal C9orf72 Poly-GA Aggregates Reveals Proteasome Recruitment. Cell 2018; 172:696-705.e12. [PMID: 29398115 PMCID: PMC6035389 DOI: 10.1016/j.cell.2017.12.030] [Citation(s) in RCA: 254] [Impact Index Per Article: 42.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/09/2017] [Revised: 11/07/2017] [Accepted: 12/20/2017] [Indexed: 12/13/2022]
Abstract
Protein aggregation and dysfunction of the ubiquitin-proteasome system are hallmarks of many neurodegenerative diseases. Here, we address the elusive link between these phenomena by employing cryo-electron tomography to dissect the molecular architecture of protein aggregates within intact neurons at high resolution. We focus on the poly-Gly-Ala (poly-GA) aggregates resulting from aberrant translation of an expanded GGGGCC repeat in C9orf72, the most common genetic cause of amyotrophic lateral sclerosis and frontotemporal dementia. We find that poly-GA aggregates consist of densely packed twisted ribbons that recruit numerous 26S proteasome complexes, while other macromolecules are largely excluded. Proximity to poly-GA ribbons stabilizes a transient substrate-processing conformation of the 26S proteasome, suggesting stalled degradation. Thus, poly-GA aggregates may compromise neuronal proteostasis by driving the accumulation and functional impairment of a large fraction of cellular proteasomes.
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Affiliation(s)
- Qiang Guo
- Department of Molecular Structural Biology, Max Planck Institute of Biochemistry, 82152 Martinsried, Germany
| | - Carina Lehmer
- German Center for Neurodegenerative Diseases (DZNE), 81377 Munich, Germany; Munich Cluster for Systems Neurology (SyNergy), 80336 Munich, Germany
| | - Antonio Martínez-Sánchez
- Department of Molecular Structural Biology, Max Planck Institute of Biochemistry, 82152 Martinsried, Germany
| | - Till Rudack
- Department of Biophysics, Ruhr University Bochum, 44780 Bochum, Germany; NIH Center for Macromolecular Modeling and Bioinformatics, Beckman Institute for Advanced Science and Technology, University of Illinois at Urbana-Champaign, Champaign, IL 61801, USA
| | - Florian Beck
- Department of Molecular Structural Biology, Max Planck Institute of Biochemistry, 82152 Martinsried, Germany
| | - Hannelore Hartmann
- German Center for Neurodegenerative Diseases (DZNE), 81377 Munich, Germany; Munich Cluster for Systems Neurology (SyNergy), 80336 Munich, Germany
| | - Manuela Pérez-Berlanga
- Department of Cellular Biochemistry, Max Planck Institute of Biochemistry, 82152 Martinsried, Germany
| | - Frédéric Frottin
- Department of Cellular Biochemistry, Max Planck Institute of Biochemistry, 82152 Martinsried, Germany
| | - Mark S Hipp
- Munich Cluster for Systems Neurology (SyNergy), 80336 Munich, Germany; Department of Cellular Biochemistry, Max Planck Institute of Biochemistry, 82152 Martinsried, Germany
| | - F Ulrich Hartl
- Munich Cluster for Systems Neurology (SyNergy), 80336 Munich, Germany; Department of Cellular Biochemistry, Max Planck Institute of Biochemistry, 82152 Martinsried, Germany
| | - Dieter Edbauer
- German Center for Neurodegenerative Diseases (DZNE), 81377 Munich, Germany; Munich Cluster for Systems Neurology (SyNergy), 80336 Munich, Germany; Ludwig-Maximilians University Munich, 81377 Munich, Germany.
| | - Wolfgang Baumeister
- Department of Molecular Structural Biology, Max Planck Institute of Biochemistry, 82152 Martinsried, Germany.
| | - Rubén Fernández-Busnadiego
- Department of Molecular Structural Biology, Max Planck Institute of Biochemistry, 82152 Martinsried, Germany.
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216
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Mackie TD, Kim BY, Subramanya AR, Bain DJ, O'Donnell AF, Welling PA, Brodsky JL. The endosomal trafficking factors CORVET and ESCRT suppress plasma membrane residence of the renal outer medullary potassium channel (ROMK). J Biol Chem 2018; 293:3201-3217. [PMID: 29311259 DOI: 10.1074/jbc.m117.819086] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/20/2017] [Revised: 01/02/2018] [Indexed: 11/06/2022] Open
Abstract
Protein trafficking can act as the primary regulatory mechanism for ion channels with high open probabilities, such as the renal outer medullary (ROMK) channel. ROMK, also known as Kir1.1 (KCNJ1), is the major route for potassium secretion into the pro-urine and plays an indispensable role in regulating serum potassium and urinary concentrations. However, the cellular machinery that regulates ROMK trafficking has not been fully defined. To identify regulators of the cell-surface population of ROMK, we expressed a pH-insensitive version of the channel in the budding yeast Saccharomyces cerevisiae We determined that ROMK primarily resides in the endoplasmic reticulum (ER), as it does in mammalian cells, and is subject to ER-associated degradation (ERAD). However, sufficient ROMK levels on the plasma membrane rescued growth on low-potassium medium of yeast cells lacking endogenous potassium channels. Next, we aimed to identify the biological pathways most important for ROMK regulation. Therefore, we used a synthetic genetic array to identify non-essential genes that reduce the plasma membrane pool of ROMK in potassium-sensitive yeast cells. Genes identified in this screen included several members of the endosomal complexes required for transport (ESCRT) and the class-C core vacuole/endosome tethering (CORVET) complexes. Mass spectroscopy analysis confirmed that yeast cells lacking an ESCRT component accumulate higher potassium concentrations. Moreover, silencing of ESCRT and CORVET components increased ROMK levels at the plasma membrane in HEK293 cells. Our results indicate that components of the post-endocytic pathway influence the cell-surface density of ROMK and establish that components in this pathway modulate channel activity.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Bo-Young Kim
- the Department of Physiology, University of Maryland at Baltimore, Baltimore, Maryland 21201
| | - Arohan R Subramanya
- the Departments of Medicine and Cell Biology, University of Pittsburgh, Pittsburgh, Pennsylvania 15261.,the Medicine and Research Services, Veterans Affairs Pittsburgh Healthcare System, Pittsburgh, Pennsylvania 15240, and
| | - Daniel J Bain
- Geology and Environmental Science, University of Pittsburgh, Pittsburgh, Pennsylvania 15260
| | - Allyson F O'Donnell
- the Department of Biological Sciences, Duquesne University, Pittsburgh, Pennsylvania 15282
| | - Paul A Welling
- the Department of Physiology, University of Maryland at Baltimore, Baltimore, Maryland 21201
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217
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Yu C, Huang L. Cross-Linking Mass Spectrometry: An Emerging Technology for Interactomics and Structural Biology. Anal Chem 2018; 90:144-165. [PMID: 29160693 PMCID: PMC6022837 DOI: 10.1021/acs.analchem.7b04431] [Citation(s) in RCA: 218] [Impact Index Per Article: 36.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/07/2023]
Affiliation(s)
- Clinton Yu
- Department of Physiology & Biophysics, University of California, Irvine, Irvine, CA 92697
| | - Lan Huang
- Department of Physiology & Biophysics, University of California, Irvine, Irvine, CA 92697
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218
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Yang H, Jaeger M, Walker A, Wei D, Leiker K, Weitao T. Break Breast Cancer Addiction by CRISPR/Cas9 Genome Editing. J Cancer 2018; 9:219-231. [PMID: 29344267 PMCID: PMC5771328 DOI: 10.7150/jca.22554] [Citation(s) in RCA: 19] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/26/2017] [Accepted: 09/25/2017] [Indexed: 12/14/2022] Open
Abstract
Breast cancer is the leading diagnosed cancer for women globally. Evolution of breast cancer in tumorigenesis, metastasis and treatment resistance appears to be driven by the aberrant gene expression and protein degradation encoded by the cancer genomes. The uncontrolled cancer growth relies on these cellular events, thus constituting the cancerous programs and rendering the addiction towards them. These programs are likely the potential anticancer biomarkers for Personalized Medicine of breast cancer. This review intends to delineate the impact of the CRSPR/Cas-mediated genome editing in identification and validation of these anticancer biomarkers. It reviews the progress in three aspects of CRISPR/Cas9-mediated editing of the breast cancer genomes: Somatic genome editing, transcription and protein degradation addictions.
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Affiliation(s)
- Haitao Yang
- Laboratory for Cancer Genome Editing, Zhuhai Lifecode Medical Technologies. Inc. Department of Prenatal Diagnosis, Huizhou 2nd Hospital for Children and Women, #101 University Road, Tangjiawan, Zhuhai, 518900, Guangdong, China
| | - MariaLynn Jaeger
- College of Science and Mathematics, Southwest Baptist University, 1600 University Avenue, Bolivar, Missouri 65613, USA
| | - Averi Walker
- College of Science and Mathematics, Southwest Baptist University, 1600 University Avenue, Bolivar, Missouri 65613, USA
| | - Daniel Wei
- University of Texas at Dallas, 800 W Campbell Rd, Richardson, TX 75080, USA
| | - Katie Leiker
- College of Science and Mathematics, Southwest Baptist University, 1600 University Avenue, Bolivar, Missouri 65613, USA
| | - Tao Weitao
- College of Science and Mathematics, Southwest Baptist University, 1600 University Avenue, Bolivar, Missouri 65613, USA
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219
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Noormohammadi A, Calculli G, Gutierrez-Garcia R, Khodakarami A, Koyuncu S, Vilchez D. Mechanisms of protein homeostasis (proteostasis) maintain stem cell identity in mammalian pluripotent stem cells. Cell Mol Life Sci 2018; 75:275-290. [PMID: 28748323 PMCID: PMC11105389 DOI: 10.1007/s00018-017-2602-1] [Citation(s) in RCA: 30] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/09/2017] [Revised: 07/13/2017] [Accepted: 07/24/2017] [Indexed: 01/10/2023]
Abstract
Protein homeostasis, or proteostasis, is essential for cell function, development, and organismal viability. The composition of the proteome is adjusted to the specific requirements of a particular cell type and status. Moreover, multiple metabolic and environmental conditions challenge the integrity of the proteome. To maintain the quality of the proteome, the proteostasis network monitors proteins from their synthesis through their degradation. Whereas somatic stem cells lose their ability to maintain proteostasis with age, immortal pluripotent stem cells exhibit a stringent proteostasis network associated with their biological function and intrinsic characteristics. Moreover, growing evidence indicates that enhanced proteostasis mechanisms play a central role in immortality and cell fate decisions of pluripotent stem cells. Here, we will review new insights into the melding fields of proteostasis and pluripotency and their implications for the understanding of organismal development and survival.
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Affiliation(s)
- Alireza Noormohammadi
- Cologne Excellence Cluster for Cellular Stress Responses in Aging-Associated Diseases (CECAD), University of Cologne, Joseph Stelzmann Strasse 26, 50931, Cologne, Germany
| | - Giuseppe Calculli
- Cologne Excellence Cluster for Cellular Stress Responses in Aging-Associated Diseases (CECAD), University of Cologne, Joseph Stelzmann Strasse 26, 50931, Cologne, Germany
| | - Ricardo Gutierrez-Garcia
- Cologne Excellence Cluster for Cellular Stress Responses in Aging-Associated Diseases (CECAD), University of Cologne, Joseph Stelzmann Strasse 26, 50931, Cologne, Germany
| | - Amirabbas Khodakarami
- Cologne Excellence Cluster for Cellular Stress Responses in Aging-Associated Diseases (CECAD), University of Cologne, Joseph Stelzmann Strasse 26, 50931, Cologne, Germany
| | - Seda Koyuncu
- Cologne Excellence Cluster for Cellular Stress Responses in Aging-Associated Diseases (CECAD), University of Cologne, Joseph Stelzmann Strasse 26, 50931, Cologne, Germany
| | - David Vilchez
- Cologne Excellence Cluster for Cellular Stress Responses in Aging-Associated Diseases (CECAD), University of Cologne, Joseph Stelzmann Strasse 26, 50931, Cologne, Germany.
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220
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Nam T, Han JH, Devkota S, Lee HW. Emerging Paradigm of Crosstalk between Autophagy and the Ubiquitin-Proteasome System. Mol Cells 2017; 40:897-905. [PMID: 29237114 PMCID: PMC5750708 DOI: 10.14348/molcells.2017.0226] [Citation(s) in RCA: 49] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/26/2017] [Revised: 11/13/2017] [Accepted: 11/23/2017] [Indexed: 02/08/2023] Open
Abstract
Cellular protein homeostasis is maintained by two major degradation pathways, namely the ubiquitin-proteasome system (UPS) and autophagy. Until recently, the UPS and autophagy were considered to be largely independent systems targeting proteins for degradation in the proteasome and lysosome, respectively. However, the identification of crucial roles of molecular players such as ubiquitin and p62 in both of these pathways as well as the observation that blocking the UPS affects autophagy flux and vice versa has generated interest in studying crosstalk between these pathways. Here, we critically review the current understanding of how the UPS and autophagy execute coordinated protein degradation at the molecular level, and shed light on our recent findings indicating an important role of an autophagy-associated transmembrane protein EI24 as a bridging molecule between the UPS and autophagy that functions by regulating the degradation of several E3 ligases with Really Interesting New Gene (RING)-domains.
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Affiliation(s)
- Taewook Nam
- Department of Biochemistry, College of Life Science and Biotechnology and Yonsei Laboratory Animal Research Center, Yonsei University, Seoul 03722,
Republic of Korea
| | - Jong Hyun Han
- Department of Biochemistry, College of Life Science and Biotechnology and Yonsei Laboratory Animal Research Center, Yonsei University, Seoul 03722,
Republic of Korea
| | - Sushil Devkota
- Section of Cell and Developmental Biology, University of California San Diego, La Jolla, CA,
USA
| | - Han-Woong Lee
- Department of Biochemistry, College of Life Science and Biotechnology and Yonsei Laboratory Animal Research Center, Yonsei University, Seoul 03722,
Republic of Korea
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221
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Brehme M, Voisine C. Model systems of protein-misfolding diseases reveal chaperone modifiers of proteotoxicity. Dis Model Mech 2017; 9:823-38. [PMID: 27491084 PMCID: PMC5007983 DOI: 10.1242/dmm.024703] [Citation(s) in RCA: 39] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/03/2023] Open
Abstract
Chaperones and co-chaperones enable protein folding and degradation, safeguarding the proteome against proteotoxic stress. Chaperones display dynamic responses to exogenous and endogenous stressors and thus constitute a key component of the proteostasis network (PN), an intricately regulated network of quality control and repair pathways that cooperate to maintain cellular proteostasis. It has been hypothesized that aging leads to chronic stress on the proteome and that this could underlie many age-associated diseases such as neurodegeneration. Understanding the dynamics of chaperone function during aging and disease-related proteotoxic stress could reveal specific chaperone systems that fail to respond to protein misfolding. Through the use of suppressor and enhancer screens, key chaperones crucial for proteostasis maintenance have been identified in model organisms that express misfolded disease-related proteins. This review provides a literature-based analysis of these genetic studies and highlights prominent chaperone modifiers of proteotoxicity, which include the HSP70-HSP40 machine and small HSPs. Taken together, these studies in model systems can inform strategies for therapeutic regulation of chaperone functionality, to manage aging-related proteotoxic stress and to delay the onset of neurodegenerative diseases.
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Affiliation(s)
- Marc Brehme
- Joint Research Center for Computational Biomedicine (JRC-COMBINE), RWTH Aachen University, 52062 Aachen, Germany
| | - Cindy Voisine
- Department of Biology, Northeastern Illinois University, Chicago, IL 60625, USA
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222
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Tools to investigate the ubiquitin proteasome system. DRUG DISCOVERY TODAY. TECHNOLOGIES 2017; 26:25-31. [PMID: 29249239 DOI: 10.1016/j.ddtec.2017.11.006] [Citation(s) in RCA: 54] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/15/2017] [Revised: 11/15/2017] [Accepted: 11/15/2017] [Indexed: 12/11/2022]
Abstract
Ubiquitin is a 76-amino acid regulatory protein involved in many important cellular processes. Ubiquitin can be attached to other proteins at either a lysine residue or to the N-terminus by the consecutive actions of E1, E2, and E3 enzymes. Ubiquitin can also be attached to itself, resulting in poly-ubiquitin chains. Ubiquitination affects substrate proteins in different ways, for example by resulting in degradation of the substrate protein by the 26S proteasome. Ubiquitination can be reversed by deubiquitinating enzymes, which either trim or remove ubiquitin chains from proteins. Many proteins involved in either the ubiquitination, deubiquitination or degradation of proteins are implicated in human diseases and are currently under investigation as potential drug targets.
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223
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Tylicka M, Matuszczak E, Karpińska M, Hermanowicz A, Dębek W, Ostrowska H. Proteasome and C-reactive protein inflammatory response in children undergoing shorter and longer lasting laparoscopic cholecystectomy. Scandinavian Journal of Clinical and Laboratory Investigation 2017; 77:610-616. [PMID: 29022764 DOI: 10.1080/00365513.2017.1385839] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/31/2022]
Abstract
Operations of varying duration cause the release of a number of inflammatory mediators, in particular cytokines which lead to proteasome and acute-phase reactions. The purpose of this novel human study, was to characterize inflammatory response in children undergoing laparoscopic cholecystectomy, by analyzing changes in selected inflammatory mediators: C-reactive protein concentration and circulating 20S proteasome activity following surgical injury and to correlate them with the duration of the surgical procedure. Plasma C-reactive protein concentration (CRP) was determined by standard biochemical laboratory procedures. Proteasome activity in the plasma of children was assessed using Suc-Leu-Leu-Val-Tyr-AMC peptide substrate. Statistically significant increase in the plasma proteasome activity and C-reactive protein concentration, was noted (p < .05) in children after laparoscopic cholecystectomy. We found the correlation between the 20S proteasome activity and the length of the procedure. In children undergoing longer lasting laparoscopic cholecystectomy the proteasome activity was much higher than in patients having shorter surgical procedure. The CRP concentration and 20S proteasome activity significantly increase after surgery, but only 20S proteasome activity correlate with the length of the surgery. This may confirm that CRP is only an indicator of pathological state, while the function of the proteasomes is more complex because of their participation in the processes of repair and wound healing, and in the removal of damaged proteins.
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Affiliation(s)
- Marzena Tylicka
- a Department of Biophysics , Medical University of Białystok , Białystok , Poland
| | - Ewa Matuszczak
- b Department of Pediatric Surgery , Medical University of Białystok , Białystok , Poland
| | - Maria Karpińska
- a Department of Biophysics , Medical University of Białystok , Białystok , Poland
| | - Adam Hermanowicz
- b Department of Pediatric Surgery , Medical University of Białystok , Białystok , Poland
| | - Wojciech Dębek
- b Department of Pediatric Surgery , Medical University of Białystok , Białystok , Poland
| | - Halina Ostrowska
- c Department of Biology , Medical University of Białystok , Białystok , Poland
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224
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Affiliation(s)
- Esther Pilla
- MRC Laboratory of Molecular Biology, Cambridge CB2 0QH, United Kingdom
| | - Kim Schneider
- MRC Laboratory of Molecular Biology, Cambridge CB2 0QH, United Kingdom
| | - Anne Bertolotti
- MRC Laboratory of Molecular Biology, Cambridge CB2 0QH, United Kingdom
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225
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Liu Q, Zhang YL, Hu SP, Ma ZL, Gao SL, Sun B, Xiao F, Zhang Z, Cai XH, He XJ. Expression of immunoproteasome subunits in the porcine lung: Alterations during normal and inflammatory conditions. Vet Microbiol 2017; 210:134-141. [DOI: 10.1016/j.vetmic.2017.07.024] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/28/2017] [Revised: 07/21/2017] [Accepted: 07/21/2017] [Indexed: 01/30/2023]
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226
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Gu Y, Xu K, Torre C, Samur M, Barwick BG, Rupji M, Arora J, Neri P, Kaufman J, Nooka A, Bernal-Mizrachi L, Vertino P, Sun SY, Chen J, Munshi N, Fu H, Kowalski J, Boise LH, Lonial S. 14-3-3ζ binds the proteasome, limits proteolytic function and enhances sensitivity to proteasome inhibitors. Leukemia 2017; 32:744-751. [DOI: 10.1038/leu.2017.288] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/08/2017] [Revised: 07/06/2017] [Accepted: 08/23/2017] [Indexed: 01/02/2023]
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227
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Distinct transcriptional and metabolic profiles associated with empathy in Buddhist priests: a pilot study. Hum Genomics 2017; 11:21. [PMID: 28865488 PMCID: PMC5581455 DOI: 10.1186/s40246-017-0117-3] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/28/2017] [Accepted: 08/20/2017] [Indexed: 02/08/2023] Open
Abstract
Background Growing evidence suggests that spiritual/religious involvement may have beneficial effects on both psychological and physical functions. However, the biological basis for this relationship remains unclear. This study explored the role of spiritual/religious involvement across a wide range of biological markers, including transcripts and metabolites, associated with the psychological aspects of empathy in Buddhist priests. Methods Ten professional Buddhist priests and 10 age-matched non-priest controls were recruited. The participants provided peripheral blood samples for the analysis of gene expression and metabolic profiles. The participants also completed validated questionnaires measuring empathy, the Health-Promoting Lifestyle Profile-II (HPLP-II), and a brief-type self-administered diet history questionnaire (BDHQ). Results The microarray analyses revealed that the distinct transcripts in the Buddhist priests included up-regulated genes related to type I interferon (IFN) innate anti-viral responses (i.e., MX1, RSAD2, IFIT1, IFIT3, IFI27, IFI44L, and HERC5), and the genes C17orf97 (ligand of arginyltranseferase 1; ATE1), hemoglobin γA (HBG1), keratin-associated protein (KRTAP10-12), and sialic acid Ig-like lectin 14 (SIGLEC14) were down-regulated at baseline. The metabolomics analysis revealed that the metabolites, including 3-aminoisobutylic acid (BAIBA), choline, several essential amino acids (e.g., methionine, phenylalanine), and amino acid derivatives (e.g., 2-aminoadipic acid, asymmetric dimethyl-arginine (ADMA), symmetric dimethyl-arginine (SMDA)), were elevated in the Buddhist priests. By contrast, there was no significant difference of healthy lifestyle behaviors and daily nutrient intakes between the priests and the controls in this study. With regard to the psychological aspects, the Buddhist priests showed significantly higher empathy compared with the control. Spearman’s rank correlation analysis showed that empathy aspects in the priests were significantly correlated with the certain transcripts and metabolites. Conclusions We performed in vivo phenotyping using transcriptomics, metabolomics, and psychological analyses and found an association between empathy and the phenotype of Buddhist priests in this pilot study. The up-regulation of the anti-viral type I IFN responsive genes and distinct metabolites in the plasma may represent systemic biological adaptations with a unique signature underlying spiritual/religious practices for Buddhists. Electronic supplementary material The online version of this article (10.1186/s40246-017-0117-3) contains supplementary material, which is available to authorized users.
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228
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D’Amico D, Sorrentino V, Auwerx J. Cytosolic Proteostasis Networks of the Mitochondrial Stress Response. Trends Biochem Sci 2017; 42:712-725. [DOI: 10.1016/j.tibs.2017.05.002] [Citation(s) in RCA: 83] [Impact Index Per Article: 11.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/07/2017] [Revised: 04/27/2017] [Accepted: 05/03/2017] [Indexed: 12/16/2022]
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229
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Morozov AV, Astakhova TM, Garbuz DG, Krasnov GS, Bobkova NV, Zatsepina OG, Karpov VL, Evgen'ev MB. Interplay between recombinant Hsp70 and proteasomes: proteasome activity modulation and ubiquitin-independent cleavage of Hsp70. Cell Stress Chaperones 2017; 22:687-697. [PMID: 28447215 PMCID: PMC5573687 DOI: 10.1007/s12192-017-0792-y] [Citation(s) in RCA: 22] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/15/2016] [Revised: 03/08/2017] [Accepted: 03/20/2017] [Indexed: 12/15/2022] Open
Abstract
The heat shock protein 70 (Hsp70, human HSPA1A) plays indispensable roles in cellular stress responses and protein quality control (PQC). In the framework of PQC, it cooperates with the ubiquitin-proteasome system (UPS) to clear damaged and dysfunctional proteins in the cell. Moreover, Hsp70 itself is rapidly degraded following the recovery from stress. It was demonstrated that its fast turnover is mediated via ubiquitination and subsequent degradation by the 26S proteasome. At the same time, the effect of Hsp70 on the functional state of proteasomes has been insufficiently investigated. Here, we characterized the direct effect of recombinant Hsp70 on the activity of 20S and 26S proteasomes and studied Hsp70 degradation by the 20S proteasome in vitro. We have shown that the activity of purified 20S proteasomes is decreased following incubation with recombinant human Hsp70. On the other hand, high concentrations of Hsp70 activated 26S proteasomes. Finally, we obtained evidence that in addition to previously reported ubiquitin-dependent degradation, Hsp70 could be cleaved independent of ubiquitination by the 20S proteasome. The results obtained reveal novel aspects of the interplay between Hsp70 and proteasomes.
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Affiliation(s)
- Alexey V Morozov
- Engelhardt Institute of Molecular Biology, Russian Academy of Sciences, Vavilov str. 32, Moscow, 119991, Russia.
| | - Tatiana M Astakhova
- Koltzov Institute of Developmental Biology, Russian Academy of Sciences, Vavilov str. 26, Moscow, 124319, Russia
| | - David G Garbuz
- Engelhardt Institute of Molecular Biology, Russian Academy of Sciences, Vavilov str. 32, Moscow, 119991, Russia
| | - George S Krasnov
- Engelhardt Institute of Molecular Biology, Russian Academy of Sciences, Vavilov str. 32, Moscow, 119991, Russia
| | - Natalia V Bobkova
- Institute of Cell Biophysics, Russian Academy of Sciences, Pushchino, Institutskaya st. 3, Pushchino, Moscow Region, 142290, Russia
| | - Olga G Zatsepina
- Engelhardt Institute of Molecular Biology, Russian Academy of Sciences, Vavilov str. 32, Moscow, 119991, Russia
| | - Vadim L Karpov
- Engelhardt Institute of Molecular Biology, Russian Academy of Sciences, Vavilov str. 32, Moscow, 119991, Russia
| | - Michail B Evgen'ev
- Engelhardt Institute of Molecular Biology, Russian Academy of Sciences, Vavilov str. 32, Moscow, 119991, Russia
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230
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Ziv T, Chalifa-Caspi V, Denekamp N, Plaschkes I, Kierszniowska S, Blais I, Admon A, Lubzens E. Dormancy in Embryos: Insight from Hydrated Encysted Embryos of an Aquatic Invertebrate. Mol Cell Proteomics 2017; 16:1746-1769. [PMID: 28729386 DOI: 10.1074/mcp.ra117.000109] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/07/2017] [Indexed: 11/06/2022] Open
Abstract
Numerous aquatic invertebrates remain dormant for decades in a hydrated state as encysted embryos. In search for functional pathways associated with this form of dormancy, we used label-free quantitative proteomics to compare the proteomes of hydrated encysted dormant embryos (resting eggs; RE) with nondormant embryos (amictic eggs; AM) of the rotifer Brachionus plicatilisA total of 2631 proteins were identified in rotifer eggs. About 62% proteins showed higher abundance in AM relative to RE (Fold Change>3; p = 0.05). Proteins belonging to numerous putative functional pathways showed dramatic changes during dormancy. Most striking were changes in the mitochondria indicating an impeded metabolism. A comparison between the abundance of proteins and their corresponding transcript levels, revealed higher concordance for RE than for AM. Surprisingly, numerous highly abundant dormancy related proteins show corresponding high mRNA levels in metabolically inactive RE. As these mRNAs and proteins degrade at the time of exit from dormancy they may serve as a source of nucleotides and amino acids during the exit from dormancy. Because proteome analyses point to a similarity in functional pathways of hydrated RE and desiccated life forms, REs were dried. Similar hatching and reproductive rates were found for wet and dried REs, suggesting analogous pathways for long-term survival in wet or dry forms. Analysis by KEGG pathways revealed a few general strategies for dormancy, proposing an explanation for the low transcriptional similarity among dormancies across species, despite the resemblance in physiological phenotypes.
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Affiliation(s)
- Tamar Ziv
- From the ‡Faculty of Biology, Technion-Israel Institute of Technology, Haifa, Israel
| | - Vered Chalifa-Caspi
- §National Institute for Biotechnology in the Negev, Ben-Gurion University of the Negev, Beer-Sheva, Israel
| | - Nadav Denekamp
- ¶Israel Oceanographic and Limnological Research, Haifa, Israel
| | - Inbar Plaschkes
- §National Institute for Biotechnology in the Negev, Ben-Gurion University of the Negev, Beer-Sheva, Israel
| | | | - Idit Blais
- **Division of Reproductive Endocrinology and IVF, Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Carmel Medical Center, Haifa, Israel
| | - Arie Admon
- From the ‡Faculty of Biology, Technion-Israel Institute of Technology, Haifa, Israel
| | - Esther Lubzens
- From the ‡Faculty of Biology, Technion-Israel Institute of Technology, Haifa, Israel;
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231
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Proteostasis of Huntingtin in Health and Disease. Int J Mol Sci 2017; 18:ijms18071568. [PMID: 28753941 PMCID: PMC5536056 DOI: 10.3390/ijms18071568] [Citation(s) in RCA: 33] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/14/2017] [Revised: 07/15/2017] [Accepted: 07/18/2017] [Indexed: 12/28/2022] Open
Abstract
Huntington's disease (HD) is a fatal neurodegenerative disorder characterized by motor dysfunction, cognitive deficits and psychosis. HD is caused by mutations in the Huntingtin (HTT) gene, resulting in the expansion of polyglutamine (polyQ) repeats in the HTT protein. Mutant HTT is prone to aggregation, and the accumulation of polyQ-expanded fibrils as well as intermediate oligomers formed during the aggregation process contribute to neurodegeneration. Distinct protein homeostasis (proteostasis) nodes such as chaperone-mediated folding and proteolytic systems regulate the aggregation and degradation of HTT. Moreover, polyQ-expanded HTT fibrils and oligomers can lead to a global collapse in neuronal proteostasis, a process that contributes to neurodegeneration. The ability to maintain proteostasis of HTT declines during the aging process. Conversely, mechanisms that preserve proteostasis delay the onset of HD. Here we will review the link between proteostasis, aging and HD-related changes.
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232
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Korovila I, Hugo M, Castro JP, Weber D, Höhn A, Grune T, Jung T. Proteostasis, oxidative stress and aging. Redox Biol 2017; 13:550-567. [PMID: 28763764 PMCID: PMC5536880 DOI: 10.1016/j.redox.2017.07.008] [Citation(s) in RCA: 151] [Impact Index Per Article: 21.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/29/2016] [Revised: 07/04/2017] [Accepted: 07/09/2017] [Indexed: 12/21/2022] Open
Abstract
The production of reactive species is an inevitable by-product of metabolism and thus, life itself. Since reactive species are able to damage cellular structures, especially proteins, as the most abundant macromolecule of mammalian cells, systems are necessary which regulate and preserve a functional cellular protein pool, in a process termed “proteostasis”. Not only the mammalian protein pool is subject of a constant turnover, organelles are also degraded and rebuild. The most important systems for these removal processes are the “ubiquitin-proteasomal system” (UPS), the central proteolytic machinery of mammalian cells, mainly responsible for proteostasis, as well as the “autophagy-lysosomal system”, which mediates the turnover of organelles and large aggregates. Many age-related pathologies and the aging process itself are accompanied by a dysregulation of UPS, autophagy and the cross-talk between both systems. This review will describe the sources and effects of oxidative stress, preservation of cellular protein- and organelle-homeostasis and the effects of aging on proteostasis in mammalian cells.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ioanna Korovila
- Department of Molecular Toxicology, German Institute of Human Nutrition Potsdam-Rehbruecke (DIfE), 14558 Nuthetal, Germany
| | - Martín Hugo
- Department of Molecular Toxicology, German Institute of Human Nutrition Potsdam-Rehbruecke (DIfE), 14558 Nuthetal, Germany
| | - José Pedro Castro
- Department of Molecular Toxicology, German Institute of Human Nutrition Potsdam-Rehbruecke (DIfE), 14558 Nuthetal, Germany; German Center for Diabetes Research (DZD), 85764 Muenchen-Neuherberg, Germany; Faculty of Medicine, Department of Biomedicine, University of Porto, 4200-319, Portugal; Institute for Innovation and Health Research (I3S), Aging and Stress Group, R. Alfredo Allen, 4200-135 Porto, Portugal
| | - Daniela Weber
- Department of Molecular Toxicology, German Institute of Human Nutrition Potsdam-Rehbruecke (DIfE), 14558 Nuthetal, Germany; NutriAct - Competence Cluster Nutrition Research Berlin-Potsdam, 14558 Nuthetal, Germany
| | - Annika Höhn
- Department of Molecular Toxicology, German Institute of Human Nutrition Potsdam-Rehbruecke (DIfE), 14558 Nuthetal, Germany; German Center for Diabetes Research (DZD), 85764 Muenchen-Neuherberg, Germany
| | - Tilman Grune
- Department of Molecular Toxicology, German Institute of Human Nutrition Potsdam-Rehbruecke (DIfE), 14558 Nuthetal, Germany; German Center for Diabetes Research (DZD), 85764 Muenchen-Neuherberg, Germany; German Center for Cardiovascular Research (DZHK), 10117 Berlin, Germany; NutriAct - Competence Cluster Nutrition Research Berlin-Potsdam, 14558 Nuthetal, Germany
| | - Tobias Jung
- Department of Molecular Toxicology, German Institute of Human Nutrition Potsdam-Rehbruecke (DIfE), 14558 Nuthetal, Germany; German Center for Cardiovascular Research (DZHK), 10117 Berlin, Germany.
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233
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Arpalahti L, Hagström J, Mustonen H, Lundin M, Haglund C, Holmberg CI. UCHL5 expression associates with improved survival in lymph-node-positive rectal cancer. Tumour Biol 2017; 39:1010428317716078. [DOI: 10.1177/1010428317716078] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/23/2022] Open
Abstract
Colorectal cancer is among the three most common cancer types for both genders, with a rising global incidence. To date, prognostic evaluation is difficult and largely dependent on early detection and successful surgery. UCHL5/Uch37 is an integral part of the protein homeostasis network as one of the three deubiquitinating enzymes associated with the 26S proteasome. Here, we have investigated in colorectal cancer the possible association of UCHL5 tumor expression and patient survival. UCHL5 tumor expression was evaluated by immunohistochemistry in 779 surgically treated colorectal cancer patients from Helsinki University Hospital, Finland, with assessment of clinicopathological parameters and the effect of UCHL5 expression on patient survival. High and undetectable UCHL5 expression both correlated with increased overall disease-specific survival in the subgroup of patients with lymph-node-positive (Dukes C/stage III) rectal cancer. Within this subgroup of 105 stage-III rectal cancer patients, none of the 7 with high UCHL5 expression died of colorectal cancer within 10 years after surgery ( p = 0.012). A similar, though less prominent, survival trend occurred throughout the whole patient cohort. In conclusion, UCHL5 is a promising novel prognostic marker in lymph-node-positive rectal cancer. Our results also advance the currently limited knowledge of biomarkers in colorectal cancer treatment.
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Affiliation(s)
- Leena Arpalahti
- Research Programs Unit, Translational Cancer Biology Program, University of Helsinki, Helsinki, Finland
| | - Jaana Hagström
- Research Programs Unit, Translational Cancer Biology Program, University of Helsinki, Helsinki, Finland
- Department of Pathology, University of Helsinki and HusLab, Helsinki University Hospital, Finland
| | - Harri Mustonen
- Department of Surgery, University of Helsinki and Helsinki University Hospital, Helsinki, Finland
| | - Mikael Lundin
- Institute for Molecular Medicine Finland, University of Helsinki, Helsinki, Finland
| | - Caj Haglund
- Research Programs Unit, Translational Cancer Biology Program, University of Helsinki, Helsinki, Finland
- Department of Surgery, University of Helsinki and Helsinki University Hospital, Helsinki, Finland
| | - Carina I Holmberg
- Research Programs Unit, Translational Cancer Biology Program, University of Helsinki, Helsinki, Finland
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234
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Abstract
Autophagy and the ubiquitin-proteasome system are the two major quality control pathways responsible for cellular homeostasis. As such, they provide protection against age-associated changes and a plethora of human diseases. Ubiquitination is utilized as a degradation signal by both systems, albeit in different ways, to mark cargoes for proteasomal and lysosomal degradation. Both systems intersect and communicate at multiple points to coordinate their actions in proteostasis and organelle homeostasis. This review summarizes molecular details of how proteasome and autophagy pathways are functionally interconnected in cells and indicates common principles and nodes of communication that can be therapeutically exploited.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ivan Dikic
- Institute of Biochemistry II, School of Medicine, Goethe University, 60598 Frankfurt am Main, Germany; .,Buchmann Institute for Molecular Life Sciences, Goethe University, 60438 Frankfurt am Main, Germany
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235
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Yedidi RS, Wendler P, Enenkel C. AAA-ATPases in Protein Degradation. Front Mol Biosci 2017; 4:42. [PMID: 28676851 PMCID: PMC5476697 DOI: 10.3389/fmolb.2017.00042] [Citation(s) in RCA: 35] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/26/2017] [Accepted: 06/06/2017] [Indexed: 11/13/2022] Open
Abstract
Proteolytic machineries containing multisubunit protease complexes and AAA-ATPases play a key role in protein quality control and the regulation of protein homeostasis. In these protein degradation machineries, the proteolytically active sites are formed by either threonines or serines which are buried inside interior cavities of cylinder-shaped complexes. In eukaryotic cells, the proteasome is the most prominent protease complex harboring AAA-ATPases. To degrade protein substrates, the gates of the axial entry ports of the protease need to be open. Gate opening is accomplished by AAA-ATPases, which form a hexameric ring flanking the entry ports of the protease. Protein substrates with unstructured domains can loop into the entry ports without the assistance of AAA-ATPases. However, folded proteins require the action of AAA-ATPases to unveil an unstructured terminus or domain. Cycles of ATP binding/hydrolysis fuel the unfolding of protein substrates which are gripped by loops lining up the central pore of the AAA-ATPase ring. The AAA-ATPases pull on the unfolded polypeptide chain for translocation into the proteolytic cavity of the protease. Conformational changes within the AAA-ATPase ring and the adjacent protease chamber create a peristaltic movement for substrate degradation. The review focuses on new technologies toward the understanding of the function and structure of AAA-ATPases to achieve substrate recognition, unfolding and translocation into proteasomes in yeast and mammalian cells and into proteasome-equivalent proteases in bacteria and archaea.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Petra Wendler
- Department of Biochemistry, Institute of Biochemistry and Biology, University of PotsdamPotsdam, Germany
| | - Cordula Enenkel
- Department of Biochemistry, University of TorontoToronto, ON, Canada
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236
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Suess PM, Watson J, Chen W, Gomer RH. Extracellular polyphosphate signals through Ras and Akt to prime Dictyostelium discoideum cells for development. J Cell Sci 2017; 130:2394-2404. [PMID: 28584190 DOI: 10.1242/jcs.203372] [Citation(s) in RCA: 24] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/01/2017] [Accepted: 05/27/2017] [Indexed: 12/21/2022] Open
Abstract
Linear chains of five to hundreds of phosphates called polyphosphate are found in organisms ranging from bacteria to humans, but their function is poorly understood. In Dictyostelium discoideum, polyphosphate is used as a secreted signal that inhibits cytokinesis in an autocrine negative feedback loop. To elucidate how cells respond to this unusual signal, we undertook a proteomic analysis of cells treated with physiological levels of polyphosphate and observed that polyphosphate causes cells to decrease levels of actin cytoskeleton proteins, possibly explaining how polyphosphate inhibits cytokinesis. Polyphosphate also causes proteasome protein levels to decrease, and in both Dictyostelium and human leukemia cells, decreases proteasome activity and cell proliferation. Polyphosphate also induces Dictyostelium cells to begin development by increasing expression of the cell-cell adhesion molecule CsA (also known as CsaA) and causing aggregation, and this effect, as well as the inhibition of proteasome activity, is mediated by Ras and Akt proteins. Surprisingly, Ras and Akt do not affect the ability of polyphosphate to inhibit proliferation, suggesting that a branching pathway mediates the effects of polyphosphate, with one branch affecting proliferation, and the other branch affecting development.
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Affiliation(s)
- Patrick M Suess
- Department of Biology, Texas A&M University, College Station, TX 77843-3474, USA
| | - Jacob Watson
- Department of Biology, Texas A&M University, College Station, TX 77843-3474, USA
| | - Wensheng Chen
- Department of Biology, Texas A&M University, College Station, TX 77843-3474, USA.,Institute of Clinical Pharmacology, Key Laboratory of Anti-inflammatory and Immune Medicine, Anhui Medical University, Hefei 230032, China
| | - Richard H Gomer
- Department of Biology, Texas A&M University, College Station, TX 77843-3474, USA
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237
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Doshi A, Sharma M, Prabha CR. Structural changes induced by L50P and I61T single mutations of ubiquitin affect cell cycle progression while impairing its regulatory and degradative functions in Saccharomyces cerevisiae. Int J Biol Macromol 2017; 99:128-140. [DOI: 10.1016/j.ijbiomac.2017.02.053] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/03/2016] [Revised: 02/07/2017] [Accepted: 02/13/2017] [Indexed: 12/23/2022]
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238
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Chhabra S. Novel Proteasome Inhibitors and Histone Deacetylase Inhibitors: Progress in Myeloma Therapeutics. Pharmaceuticals (Basel) 2017; 10:E40. [PMID: 28398261 PMCID: PMC5490397 DOI: 10.3390/ph10020040] [Citation(s) in RCA: 30] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/15/2017] [Revised: 03/28/2017] [Accepted: 04/04/2017] [Indexed: 01/01/2023] Open
Abstract
The unfolded protein response is responsible for the detection of misfolded proteins and the coordination of their disposal and is necessary to maintain the cellular homoeostasis. Multiple myeloma cells secrete large amounts of immunoglobulins, proteins that need to be correctly folded by the chaperone system. If this process fails, the misfolded proteins have to be eliminated by the two main garbage-disposal systems of the cell: proteasome and aggresome. The blockade of either of these systems will result in accumulation of immunoglobulins and other toxic proteins in the cytoplasm and cell death. The simultaneous inhibition of the proteasome, by proteasome inhibitors (PIs) and the aggresome, by histone deacetylase inhibitors (HDACi) results in a synergistic increase in cytotoxicity in myeloma cell lines. This review provides an overview of mechanisms of action of second-generation PIs and HDACi in multiple myeloma (MM), the clinical results currently observed with these agents and assesses the potential therapeutic impact of the different agents in the two classes. The second-generation PIs offer benefits in terms of increased efficacy, reduced neurotoxicity as off-target effect and may overcome resistance to bortezomib because of their different chemical structure, mechanism of action and biological properties. HDACi with anti-myeloma activity in clinical development discussed in this review include vorinostat, panobinostat and selective HDAC6 inhibitor, ricolinostat.
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Affiliation(s)
- Saurabh Chhabra
- Division of Hematology/Oncology, Department of Medicine, Medical College of Wisconsin, 9200 W Wisconsin Ave, Milwaukee, WI 53226, USA.
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239
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Houston K, Melvin AT, Woss GS, Fayer EL, Waters ML, Allbritton NL. Development of β-Hairpin Peptides for the Measurement of SCF-Family E3 Ligase Activity in Vitro via Ornithine Ubiquitination. ACS OMEGA 2017; 2:1198-1206. [PMID: 28393136 PMCID: PMC5377275 DOI: 10.1021/acsomega.7b00109] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/30/2017] [Accepted: 03/15/2017] [Indexed: 06/07/2023]
Abstract
Regulation of the ubiquitin-proteasome system (UPS) to treat select types of cancer has become a popular area of drug discovery research. The FDA approval of proteasome inhibitors Bortezomib and Carfilzomib in the treatment of multiple myeloma has led to an increased need for chemical reporters capable of detecting and quantifying protein ubiquitination and the activity of members of the UPS including E3 ubiquitin ligases and the proteasome in the tumor cells of the patients. One limitation of peptide-based reporters is their rapid degradation in the cellular environment by cytosolic peptidases. Conversely, β-hairpin "protectides" exhibit a pronounced secondary structure that significantly increases their lifetime under cellular conditions. The goal of this work was to develop a family of novel, ornithine-rich protectides that could act as primary degrons serving as substrates for in vitro ubiquitination. The fluorescent peptide-based reporters were demonstrated to be highly resistant to degradation in multiple myeloma cell lysates. The most stable β-hairpin primary degron, containing a single ornithine residue at the N-terminus, OWRWR [Ac-OWVRVpGO(FAM)WIRQ-NH2], demonstrated rapid ubiquitination kinetics and a 20-fold increase in stability when compared with an unstructured primary degron. A screen of E1 and E3 enzyme inhibitors in cell lysates showed that ubiquitination of OWRWR was significantly impaired by inhibitors of the SCF family of E3 ligases. Furthermore, this is the first report demonstrating the use of an ornithine residue on a primary degron as a ubiquitination site. This study serves as a strong foundation for the development of stable, fluorescent, peptide-based reporters capable of quantifying protein ubiquitination and the enzymatic activity of members of the UPS.
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Affiliation(s)
- Kaiulani
M. Houston
- Department
of Chemistry, University of
North Carolina, Chapel Hill, North Carolina 27599, United States
| | - Adam T. Melvin
- Cain
Department of Chemical Engineering, Louisiana
State University, Baton
Rouge, Louisiana 70803, United States
| | - Gregery S. Woss
- Department
of Chemistry, University of
North Carolina, Chapel Hill, North Carolina 27599, United States
| | - Effrat L. Fayer
- Department
of Chemistry, University of
North Carolina, Chapel Hill, North Carolina 27599, United States
| | - Marcey L. Waters
- Department
of Chemistry, University of
North Carolina, Chapel Hill, North Carolina 27599, United States
| | - Nancy L. Allbritton
- Department
of Chemistry, University of
North Carolina, Chapel Hill, North Carolina 27599, United States
- Joint Department of
Biomedical Engineering, University of North
Carolina, Chapel Hill, North Carolina 27599, United States
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240
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A mammalian nervous-system-specific plasma membrane proteasome complex that modulates neuronal function. Nat Struct Mol Biol 2017; 24:419-430. [PMID: 28287632 PMCID: PMC5383508 DOI: 10.1038/nsmb.3389] [Citation(s) in RCA: 90] [Impact Index Per Article: 12.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/09/2016] [Accepted: 02/15/2017] [Indexed: 01/01/2023]
Abstract
In the nervous system, rapidly occurring processes such as neuronal transmission and calcium signaling are affected by short-term inhibition of proteasome function. It remains unclear how proteasomes can acutely regulate such processes, as this is inconsistent with their canonical role in proteostasis. Here, we made the discovery of a mammalian nervous system-specific membrane proteasome complex that directly and rapidly modulates neuronal function by degrading intracellular proteins into extracellular peptides that can stimulate neuronal signaling. This proteasome complex is tightly associated with neuronal plasma membranes, exposed to the extracellular space, and catalytically active. Selective inhibition of this membrane proteasome complex by a cell-impermeable proteasome inhibitor blocked extracellular peptide production and attenuated neuronal activity-induced calcium signaling. Moreover, membrane proteasome-derived peptides are sufficient to induce neuronal calcium signaling. Our discoveries challenge the prevailing notion that proteasomes primarily function to maintain proteostasis, and highlight a form of neuronal communication through a membrane proteasome complex.
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241
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Abstract
The ubiquitin proteasome system controls the concentrations of regulatory proteins and removes damaged and misfolded proteins from cells. Proteins are targeted to the protease at the center of this system, the proteasome, by ubiquitin tags, but ubiquitin is also used as a signal in other cellular processes. Specificity is conferred by the size and structure of the ubiquitin tags, which are recognized by receptors associated with the different cellular processes. However, the ubiquitin code remains ambiguous, and the same ubiquitin tag can target different proteins to different fates. After binding substrate protein at the ubiquitin tag, the proteasome initiates degradation at a disordered region in the substrate. The proteasome has pronounced preferences for the initiation site, and its recognition represents a second component of the degradation signal.
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Affiliation(s)
- Houqing Yu
- Department of Molecular Biosciences, The University of Texas at Austin, Austin, Texas 78712;
| | - Andreas Matouschek
- Department of Molecular Biosciences, The University of Texas at Austin, Austin, Texas 78712;
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242
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Guo X, Huang X, Chen MJ. Reversible phosphorylation of the 26S proteasome. Protein Cell 2017; 8:255-272. [PMID: 28258412 PMCID: PMC5359188 DOI: 10.1007/s13238-017-0382-x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 43] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/15/2016] [Accepted: 01/26/2017] [Indexed: 01/09/2023] Open
Abstract
The 26S proteasome at the center of the ubiquitin-proteasome system (UPS) is essential for virtually all cellular processes of eukaryotes. A common misconception about the proteasome is that, once made, it remains as a static and uniform complex with spontaneous and constitutive activity for protein degradation. Recent discoveries have provided compelling evidence to support the exact opposite insomuch as the 26S proteasome undergoes dynamic and reversible phosphorylation under a variety of physiopathological conditions. In this review, we summarize the history and current understanding of proteasome phosphorylation, and advocate the idea of targeting proteasome kinases/phosphatases as a new strategy for clinical interventions of several human diseases.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xing Guo
- The Life Sciences Institute of Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, 310058, China.
| | - Xiuliang Huang
- Ministry of Education Key Laboratory of Protein Science, School of Life Sciences, Tsinghua University, Beijing, 100084, China
| | - Mark J Chen
- Department of Bioinformatics and Computational Biology, Genentech Inc., South San Francisco, CA, 94080, USA
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243
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Voutsadakis IA. Proteasome expression and activity in cancer and cancer stem cells. Tumour Biol 2017; 39:101042831769224. [DOI: 10.1177/1010428317692248] [Citation(s) in RCA: 53] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 08/30/2023] Open
Abstract
Proteasome is a multi-protein organelle that participates in cellular proteostasis by destroying damaged or short-lived proteins in an organized manner guided by the ubiquitination signal. By being in a central place in the cellular protein complement homeostasis, proteasome is involved in virtually all cell processes including decisions on cell survival or death, cell cycle, and differentiation. These processes are important also in cancer, and thus, the proteasome is an important regulator of carcinogenesis. Cancers include a variety of cells which, according to the cancer stem cell theory, descend from a small percentage of cancer stem cells, alternatively termed tumor-initiating cells. These cells constitute the subsets that have the ability to propagate the whole variety of cancer and repopulate tumors after cytostatic therapies. Proteasome plays a role in cellular processes in cancer stem cells, but it has been found to have a decreased function in them compared to the rest of cancer cells. This article will discuss the transcriptional regulation of proteasome sub-unit proteins in cancer and in particular cancer stem cells and the relationship of the proteasome with the pluripotency that is the defining characteristic of stem cells. Therapeutic opportunities that present from the understanding of the proteasome role will also be discussed.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ioannis A Voutsadakis
- Division of Medical Oncology, Department of Internal Medicine, Sault Area Hospital, Sault Ste. Marie, ON, Canada
- Division of Clinical Sciences, Northern Ontario School of Medicine, Sudbury, ON, Canada
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244
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Morozov AV, Yurinskaya MM, Mitkevich VA, Garbuz DG, Preobrazhenskaia OV, Vinokurov MG, Evgen’ev MB, Karpov VL, Makarov AA. Heat-shock protein HSP70 decreases activity of proteasomes in human neuroblastoma cells treated by amyloid-beta 1-42 with isomerized Asp7. Mol Biol 2017. [DOI: 10.1134/s0026893316060133] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/22/2022]
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245
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Benini M, Fortuni S, Condò I, Alfedi G, Malisan F, Toschi N, Serio D, Massaro DS, Arcuri G, Testi R, Rufini A. E3 Ligase RNF126 Directly Ubiquitinates Frataxin, Promoting Its Degradation: Identification of a Potential Therapeutic Target for Friedreich Ataxia. Cell Rep 2017; 18:2007-2017. [PMID: 28228265 PMCID: PMC5329121 DOI: 10.1016/j.celrep.2017.01.079] [Citation(s) in RCA: 33] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/10/2016] [Revised: 12/14/2016] [Accepted: 01/29/2017] [Indexed: 12/21/2022] Open
Abstract
Friedreich ataxia (FRDA) is a severe genetic neurodegenerative disease caused by reduced expression of the mitochondrial protein frataxin. To date, there is no therapy to treat this condition. The amount of residual frataxin critically affects the severity of the disease; thus, attempts to restore physiological frataxin levels are considered therapeutically relevant. Frataxin levels are controlled by the ubiquitin-proteasome system; therefore, inhibition of the frataxin E3 ligase may represent a strategy to achieve an increase in frataxin levels. Here, we report the identification of the RING E3 ligase RNF126 as the enzyme that specifically mediates frataxin ubiquitination and targets it for degradation. RNF126 interacts with frataxin and promotes its ubiquitination in a catalytic activity-dependent manner, both in vivo and in vitro. Most importantly, RNF126 depletion results in frataxin accumulation in cells derived from FRDA patients, highlighting the relevance of RNF126 as a new therapeutic target for Friedreich ataxia.
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Affiliation(s)
- Monica Benini
- Laboratory of Signal Transduction, Department of Biomedicine and Prevention, University of Rome "Tor Vergata," Via Montpellier 1, 00133 Rome, Italy; Fratagene Therapeutics Srl, Viale dei Campioni 8, 00144 Rome, Italy
| | - Silvia Fortuni
- Laboratory of Signal Transduction, Department of Biomedicine and Prevention, University of Rome "Tor Vergata," Via Montpellier 1, 00133 Rome, Italy
| | - Ivano Condò
- Laboratory of Signal Transduction, Department of Biomedicine and Prevention, University of Rome "Tor Vergata," Via Montpellier 1, 00133 Rome, Italy
| | - Giulia Alfedi
- Laboratory of Signal Transduction, Department of Biomedicine and Prevention, University of Rome "Tor Vergata," Via Montpellier 1, 00133 Rome, Italy
| | - Florence Malisan
- Laboratory of Signal Transduction, Department of Biomedicine and Prevention, University of Rome "Tor Vergata," Via Montpellier 1, 00133 Rome, Italy
| | - Nicola Toschi
- Medical Physics Section, Department of Biomedicine and Prevention, University of Rome "Tor Vergata," Via Montpellier 1, 00133 Rome, Italy; Department of Radiology, Athinoula A. Martinos Center for Biomedical Imaging and Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA 02115, USA
| | - Dario Serio
- Laboratory of Signal Transduction, Department of Biomedicine and Prevention, University of Rome "Tor Vergata," Via Montpellier 1, 00133 Rome, Italy; Fratagene Therapeutics Srl, Viale dei Campioni 8, 00144 Rome, Italy
| | - Damiano Sergio Massaro
- Laboratory of Signal Transduction, Department of Biomedicine and Prevention, University of Rome "Tor Vergata," Via Montpellier 1, 00133 Rome, Italy
| | - Gaetano Arcuri
- Laboratory of Signal Transduction, Department of Biomedicine and Prevention, University of Rome "Tor Vergata," Via Montpellier 1, 00133 Rome, Italy
| | - Roberto Testi
- Laboratory of Signal Transduction, Department of Biomedicine and Prevention, University of Rome "Tor Vergata," Via Montpellier 1, 00133 Rome, Italy; Fratagene Therapeutics Srl, Viale dei Campioni 8, 00144 Rome, Italy
| | - Alessandra Rufini
- Laboratory of Signal Transduction, Department of Biomedicine and Prevention, University of Rome "Tor Vergata," Via Montpellier 1, 00133 Rome, Italy; Fratagene Therapeutics Srl, Viale dei Campioni 8, 00144 Rome, Italy.
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246
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Hewings DS, Flygare JA, Wertz IE, Bogyo M. Activity-based probes for the multicatalytic proteasome. FEBS J 2017; 284:1540-1554. [PMID: 28107776 DOI: 10.1111/febs.14016] [Citation(s) in RCA: 21] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/09/2016] [Revised: 12/22/2016] [Accepted: 01/16/2017] [Indexed: 12/17/2022]
Abstract
Proteasomes are multisubunit protease complexes responsible for degrading most intracellular proteins. In addition to removing damaged proteins, they regulate many important cellular processes through the controlled degradation of transcription factors, cell cycle regulators, and enzymes. Eukaryotic proteasomes have three catalytic subunits, β1, β2, and β5, that each has different substrate specificities. Additionally, although we know that diverse cell types express proteasome variants with distinct activity and specificity profiles, the functions of these different pools of proteasomes are not fully understood. Covalent inhibitors of the protease activity of the proteasome have been developed as drugs for hematological malignancies and are currently under investigation for other diseases. Therefore, there is a need for tools that allow direct monitoring of proteasome activity in live cells and tissues. Activity-based probes have proven valuable for biochemical and cell biological studies of the role of individual proteasome subunits, and for evaluating the efficacy and selectivity of proteasome inhibitors. These probes react covalently with the protease active sites, and contain a reporter tag to identify the probe-labeled proteasome subunits. This review will describe the development of broad-spectrum and subunit-specific proteasome activity-based probes, and discuss how these probes have contributed to our understanding of proteasome biology, and to the development of proteasome inhibitors.
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Affiliation(s)
- David S Hewings
- Discovery Chemistry, Genentech, South San Francisco, CA, USA.,Early Discovery Biochemistry, Genentech, South San Francisco, CA, USA.,Discovery Oncology, Genentech, South San Francisco, CA, USA.,Department of Pathology, Stanford University School of Medicine, Stanford, CA, USA
| | - John A Flygare
- Discovery Chemistry, Genentech, South San Francisco, CA, USA
| | - Ingrid E Wertz
- Early Discovery Biochemistry, Genentech, South San Francisco, CA, USA.,Discovery Oncology, Genentech, South San Francisco, CA, USA
| | - Matthew Bogyo
- Department of Pathology, Stanford University School of Medicine, Stanford, CA, USA
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247
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Eisermann DJ, Wenzel U, Fitzenberger E. Inhibition of chaperone-mediated autophagy prevents glucotoxicity in the Caenorhabditis elegans mev-1 mutant by activation of the proteasome. Biochem Biophys Res Commun 2017; 484:171-175. [DOI: 10.1016/j.bbrc.2017.01.043] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/06/2017] [Accepted: 01/10/2017] [Indexed: 12/26/2022]
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248
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Volpi VG, Touvier T, D'Antonio M. Endoplasmic Reticulum Protein Quality Control Failure in Myelin Disorders. Front Mol Neurosci 2017; 9:162. [PMID: 28101003 PMCID: PMC5209374 DOI: 10.3389/fnmol.2016.00162] [Citation(s) in RCA: 38] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/04/2016] [Accepted: 12/16/2016] [Indexed: 12/24/2022] Open
Abstract
Reaching the correct three-dimensional structure is crucial for the proper function of a protein. The endoplasmic reticulum (ER) is the organelle where secreted and transmembrane proteins are synthesized and folded. To guarantee high fidelity of protein synthesis and maturation in the ER, cells have evolved ER-protein quality control (ERQC) systems, which assist protein folding and promptly degrade aberrant gene products. Only correctly folded proteins that pass ERQC checkpoints are allowed to exit the ER and reach their final destination. Misfolded glycoproteins are detected and targeted for degradation by the proteasome in a process known as endoplasmic reticulum-associated degradation (ERAD). The excess of unstructured proteins in the ER triggers an adaptive signal transduction pathway, called unfolded protein response (UPR), which in turn potentiates ERQC activities in order to reduce the levels of aberrant molecules. When the situation cannot be restored, the UPR drives cells to apoptosis. Myelin-forming cells of the central and peripheral nervous system (oligodendrocytes and Schwann cells) synthesize a large amount of myelin proteins and lipids and therefore are particularly susceptible to ERQC failure. Indeed, deficits in ERQC and activation of ER stress/UPR have been implicated in several myelin disorders, such as Pelizaeus-Merzbacher and Krabbe leucodystrophies, vanishing white matter disease and Charcot-Marie-Tooth neuropathies. Here we discuss recent evidence underlying the importance of proper ERQC functions in genetic disorders of myelinating glia.
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Affiliation(s)
- Vera G Volpi
- Biology of Myelin Unit, Division of Genetics and Cell Biology, San Raffaele Scientific Institute, DIBIT Milan, Italy
| | - Thierry Touvier
- Biology of Myelin Unit, Division of Genetics and Cell Biology, San Raffaele Scientific Institute, DIBIT Milan, Italy
| | - Maurizio D'Antonio
- Biology of Myelin Unit, Division of Genetics and Cell Biology, San Raffaele Scientific Institute, DIBIT Milan, Italy
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249
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Lee NK, Park SE, Kwon SJ, Shim S, Byeon Y, Kim JH, Na DL, Chang JW. Agouti Related Peptide Secreted Via Human Mesenchymal Stem Cells Upregulates Proteasome Activity in an Alzheimer's Disease Model. Sci Rep 2017; 7:39340. [PMID: 28051110 PMCID: PMC5209736 DOI: 10.1038/srep39340] [Citation(s) in RCA: 20] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/07/2016] [Accepted: 11/18/2016] [Indexed: 01/08/2023] Open
Abstract
The activity of the ubiquitin proteasome system (UPS) is downregulated in aggregation diseases such as Alzheimer’s disease (AD). In this study, we investigated the therapeutic potential of the Agouti-related peptide (AgRP), which is secreted by human mesenchymal stem cells (MSCs), in terms of its effect on the regulation of proteasome activity in AD. When SH-SY5Y human neuroblastoma cells were co-cultured with MSCs isolated from human Wharton’s Jelly (WJ-MSC), their proteasome activity was significantly upregulated. Further analysis of the conditioned media after co-culture allowed us to identify significant concentrations of a neuropeptide, called AgRP. The stereotactic delivery of either WJ-MSCs or AgRP into the hippocampi of C57BL6/J and 5XFAD mice induced a significant increase of proteasome activity and suppressed the accumulation of ubiquitin-conjugated proteins. Collectively, these findings suggest strong therapeutic potential for WJ-MSCs and AgRP to enhance proteasome activity, thereby potentially reducing abnormal protein aggregation and delaying the clinical progression of various neurodegenerative diseases.
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Affiliation(s)
- Na Kyung Lee
- Department of Health Sciences and Technology, SAIHST, Sungkyunkwan University, Seoul, Republic of Korea.,Department of Neurology, Samsung Medical Center, Sungkyunkwan University School of Medicine, Seoul, Republic of Korea.,Neuroscience Center, Samsung Medical Center, Seoul, Republic of Korea.,Stem Cell &Regenerative Medicine Institute, Samsung Medical Center, Seoul, Republic of Korea
| | - Sang Eon Park
- Stem Cell &Regenerative Medicine Institute, Samsung Medical Center, Seoul, Republic of Korea
| | - Soo Jin Kwon
- Stem Cell &Regenerative Medicine Institute, Samsung Medical Center, Seoul, Republic of Korea
| | - Sangmi Shim
- Department of Biomedical Sciences, Seoul National University, Seoul, Republic of Korea
| | - Yeji Byeon
- Stem Cell &Regenerative Medicine Institute, Samsung Medical Center, Seoul, Republic of Korea
| | - Jong-Hwa Kim
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Samsung Medical Center, Seoul, Republic of Korea
| | - Duk L Na
- Department of Health Sciences and Technology, SAIHST, Sungkyunkwan University, Seoul, Republic of Korea.,Department of Neurology, Samsung Medical Center, Sungkyunkwan University School of Medicine, Seoul, Republic of Korea.,Neuroscience Center, Samsung Medical Center, Seoul, Republic of Korea.,Stem Cell &Regenerative Medicine Institute, Samsung Medical Center, Seoul, Republic of Korea
| | - Jong Wook Chang
- Department of Health Sciences and Technology, SAIHST, Sungkyunkwan University, Seoul, Republic of Korea.,Stem Cell &Regenerative Medicine Institute, Samsung Medical Center, Seoul, Republic of Korea
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250
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Klimek C, Kathage B, Wördehoff J, Höhfeld J. BAG3-mediated proteostasis at a glance. J Cell Sci 2017; 130:2781-2788. [DOI: 10.1242/jcs.203679] [Citation(s) in RCA: 53] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/13/2022] Open
Abstract
ABSTRACT
Cellular and organismal survival depend on the ability to maintain the proteome, even under conditions that threaten protein integrity. BCL2-associated athanogene 3 (BAG3) is essential for protein homeostasis (proteostasis) in stressed cells. Owing to its multi-domain structure, it engages in diverse processes that are crucial for proteome maintenance. BAG3 promotes the activity of molecular chaperones, sequesters and concentrates misfolded proteins, initiates autophagic disposal, and balances transcription, translation and degradation. In this Cell Science at a Glance article and the accompanying poster, we discuss the functions of this multi-functional proteostasis tool with a focus on mechanical stress protection and describe the importance of BAG3 for human physiology and pathophysiology.
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Affiliation(s)
- Christina Klimek
- Institute for Cell Biology, University of Bonn, Ulrich-Haberland-Str. 61a, D-53121 Bonn, Germany
| | - Barbara Kathage
- Institute for Cell Biology, University of Bonn, Ulrich-Haberland-Str. 61a, D-53121 Bonn, Germany
| | - Judith Wördehoff
- Institute for Cell Biology, University of Bonn, Ulrich-Haberland-Str. 61a, D-53121 Bonn, Germany
| | - Jörg Höhfeld
- Institute for Cell Biology, University of Bonn, Ulrich-Haberland-Str. 61a, D-53121 Bonn, Germany
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