201
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Zhang J, Li T, Yang YL, Liu HG, Wang YZ. Arsenic concentrations and associated health risks in Laccaria mushrooms from Yunnan (SW China). Biol Trace Elem Res 2015; 164:261-6. [PMID: 25534292 DOI: 10.1007/s12011-014-0213-3] [Citation(s) in RCA: 28] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/14/2014] [Accepted: 12/12/2014] [Indexed: 11/30/2022]
Abstract
Some species of Laccaria have been known to contain relatively high levels of arsenic in Europe and are used as edible mushrooms in the southwest China. One population of Laccaria proxima and one population of L. vinaceoavellanea as well as topsoil (0-10 cm) they grew on were collected from natural habitats of Yunnan (SW China), while other samples such as Laccaria mushroom samples without soil were purchased from four different local markets in Yunnan. Concentrations of arsenic were determined in fruit bodies of the mushrooms and in the soils by using atomic fluorescence spectrometry to assess potential health risks of these species. The mean arsenic concentrations in caps were 135, 14.1-143, 5.5 and 130-163 mg kg(-1) dry weight (dw) for Laccaria amethystina, Laccaria laccata, L. proxima and L. vinaceoavellanea, respectively. The mean value for bioconcentration factor of arsenic in caps of L. vinaceoavellanea was 29.1 for soil with arsenic content at 5.6 mg kg(-1) dw, which indicate that L. vinaceoavellanea is an accumulator for arsenic. Caps of L. amethystina, L. laccata and L. vinaceoavellanea consumed at a volume of 300 g fresh weight for a single meal in a week can yield an exposure amount of arsenic at 4.1, 0.42-4.3 and 3.9-4.9 mg, respectively. These values are higher than the limit dose for the intake of inorganic arsenic recommended by the Joint FAO/WHO Expert Committee on Food Additives.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ji Zhang
- Institute of Medicinal Plants, Yunnan Academy of Agricultural Sciences, 650200, Kunming, China
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202
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Fernandes Â, Barreira JC, Antonio AL, Morales P, Férnandez-Ruiz V, Martins A, Oliveira MBP, Ferreira IC. Exquisite wild mushrooms as a source of dietary fiber: Analysis in electron-beam irradiated samples. Lebensm Wiss Technol 2015. [DOI: 10.1016/j.lwt.2014.10.050] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/24/2022]
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203
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Naknaen P, Itthisoponkul T, Charoenthaikij P. Proximate compositions, nonvolatile taste components and antioxidant capacities of some dried edible mushrooms collected from Thailand. JOURNAL OF FOOD MEASUREMENT AND CHARACTERIZATION 2015. [DOI: 10.1007/s11694-015-9231-x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/24/2022]
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204
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Pei D, Xie H, Song H, Xu H, Wu Y. Bioconcentration factors and potential human health risks of heavy metals in cultivated Lentinus edodes in Chengdu, People's Republic of China. J Food Prot 2015; 78:390-5. [PMID: 25710156 DOI: 10.4315/0362-028x.jfp-14-336] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/11/2022]
Abstract
Lentinus edodes is one of the most popular edible mushrooms in the market. However, it contains heavy metals that are poisonous to humans even at trace concentrations. The concentrations and bioconcentration factors of five heavy metals in cultivated L. edodes in Chengdu were studied, and the potential health risks to local residents associated with the cultivated L. edodes consumption were evaluated. Total concentrations of cadmium (Cd), lead (Pb), chromium (Cr), arsenic (As), and mercury were determined in the fruiting bodies and the substrate from three agricultural areas. Fruiting bodies samples were collected at different growing times (2, 4, 6, and 8 days). The bioconcentration factors of heavy metals from the substrate to the fruiting bodies were estimated, and the potential health risks of local L. edodes were assessed. Because antioxidant enzymes can resist the creation of reactive oxygen species and defend against heavy metals, the activities of three antioxidant enzymes (superoxide dismutase, catalase, and peroxidase) in the fruiting bodies were also determined. A gradual change in heavy metal concentrations occurred across the growing time of the fruiting bodies. Cd transferred from the substrate to the fruiting bodies in larger concentrations than did Pb, Cr, and As. However, Chengdu residents were not exposed to significant health risks associated with consumption of local L. edodes. Nevertheless, more attention should be focused on children because of their higher sensitivity to metal pollutants.
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Affiliation(s)
- Donghui Pei
- Key Laboratory of Bioresources and Ecoenvironment, Ministry of Education, College of Life Science, Sichuan University, Chengdu, Sichuan 610064, People's Republic of China
| | - Han Xie
- Key Laboratory of Bioresources and Ecoenvironment, Ministry of Education, College of Life Science, Sichuan University, Chengdu, Sichuan 610064, People's Republic of China
| | - Haihai Song
- Key Laboratory of Bioresources and Ecoenvironment, Ministry of Education, College of Life Science, Sichuan University, Chengdu, Sichuan 610064, People's Republic of China
| | - Heng Xu
- Key Laboratory of Bioresources and Ecoenvironment, Ministry of Education, College of Life Science, Sichuan University, Chengdu, Sichuan 610064, People's Republic of China.
| | - Yumeng Wu
- Key Laboratory of Bioresources and Ecoenvironment, Ministry of Education, College of Life Science, Sichuan University, Chengdu, Sichuan 610064, People's Republic of China
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205
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Edible mushrooms: improving human health and promoting quality life. Int J Microbiol 2015; 2015:376387. [PMID: 25685150 PMCID: PMC4320875 DOI: 10.1155/2015/376387] [Citation(s) in RCA: 314] [Impact Index Per Article: 34.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/09/2014] [Accepted: 11/29/2014] [Indexed: 01/12/2023] Open
Abstract
Mushrooms have been consumed since earliest history; ancient Greeks believed that mushrooms provided strength for warriors in battle, and the Romans perceived them as the “Food of the Gods.” For centuries, the Chinese culture has treasured mushrooms as a health food, an “elixir of life.” They have been part of the human culture for thousands of years and have considerable interest in the most important civilizations in history because of their sensory characteristics; they have been recognized for their attractive culinary attributes. Nowadays, mushrooms are popular valuable foods because they are low in calories, carbohydrates, fat, and sodium: also, they are cholesterol-free. Besides, mushrooms provide important nutrients, including selenium, potassium, riboflavin, niacin, vitamin D, proteins, and fiber. All together with a long history as food source, mushrooms are important for their healing capacities and properties in traditional medicine. It has reported beneficial effects for health and treatment of some diseases. Many nutraceutical properties are described in mushrooms, such as prevention or treatment of Parkinson, Alzheimer, hypertension, and high risk of stroke. They are also utilized to reduce the likelihood of cancer invasion and metastasis due to antitumoral attributes. Mushrooms act as antibacterial, immune system enhancer and cholesterol lowering agents; additionally, they are important sources of bioactive compounds. As a result of these properties, some mushroom extracts are used to promote human health and are found as dietary supplements.
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206
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Variations in Element Levels Accumulated in Different Parts ofBoletus edulisCollected from Central Yunnan Province, China. J CHEM-NY 2015. [DOI: 10.1155/2015/372152] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/17/2022] Open
Abstract
ICP-AES and microwave assisted digestion were applied to determine P, Mg, Ca, Zn, Na, Cu, Ba, Ni, V, Cd, Sr, Co, and Li in the caps and stipes ofBoletus eduliscollected from six spatially distant sites in Yunnan province, China. Fruiting bodies of King Bolete are abundant in P, Mg, Ca, Zn, Cu, and Na, followed by Ba, Cd, Ni, V, Li, Sr, and Co. Contents of P, Mg, Zn, and Cu are more abundant in caps than in stipes of King Bolete. However, elements such as Na, Ba, Cd, Ni, V, Li, Sr, and Co prefer to accumulate in stipes of mushrooms from Yaoan, Chuxiong. The results of this study indicate that spatial variations of elements between caps and stipes are mainly related to different bedrock soil geochemistry and enrichment capability for various elements.
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207
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Falandysz J, Drewnowska M. Macro and trace elements in Common Chanterelle (Cantharellus cibarius) mushroom from the European background areas in Poland: Composition, accumulation, dietary exposure and data review for species. JOURNAL OF ENVIRONMENTAL SCIENCE AND HEALTH. PART. B, PESTICIDES, FOOD CONTAMINANTS, AND AGRICULTURAL WASTES 2015; 50:374-87. [PMID: 25826106 DOI: 10.1080/03601234.2015.1000190] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/23/2023]
Abstract
This paper gives an up-to-date information on accumulation, occurrence, intake and possible health risks associated with noxious metallic elements (Ag, Cd, Hg, Pb) among mineral constituents (Ag, Al, Ba, Ca, Cd, Co, Cr, Cu, Fe, Hg, K, Mg, Mn, Na, Ni, P, Pb, Rb, Sr and Zn) contained in Common Chanterelle (Cantharellus cibarius) mushrooms, a species subjected to a broad use within the domestic market of Poland and widely exported abroad, and presents a short review of data from the available literature. The tasty values of C. cibarius seem to be more rated than the essential minerals contained in its flesh and nominally taken with 1,000 g of fresh fruiting bodies eaten per capita annually, while the contents of toxic or potentially toxic metals, such as Cd, Pb, Hg and Ag, are much below the tolerance limits.
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208
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Árvay J, Tomáš J, Hauptvogl M, Massányi P, Harangozo Ľ, Tóth T, Stanovič R, Bryndzová Š, Bumbalová M. Human exposure to heavy metals and possible public health risks via consumption of wild edible mushrooms from Slovak Paradise National Park, Slovakia. JOURNAL OF ENVIRONMENTAL SCIENCE AND HEALTH. PART. B, PESTICIDES, FOOD CONTAMINANTS, AND AGRICULTURAL WASTES 2015; 50:833-843. [PMID: 26357894 DOI: 10.1080/03601234.2015.1058107] [Citation(s) in RCA: 24] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/05/2023]
Abstract
The contamination level of 92 samples (12 species) of wild edible mushrooms and underlying substrates with heavy metals (Cd, Cu, Hg, Pb and Zn) in the Slovak Paradise National Park that borders with a region of historical mining and processing of polymetallic ores, were determined. The collected samples were analyzed using of atomic absorption spectrophotometry. The metals were determined separately in hymenophore (H) and rest of fruit bodies (RFB). Bioaccumulation factor as well as ratio of metal content in H and RFB were calculated. Cadmium and lead contents in hymenophore exceeded statutory limits of the EU (Cd: 0.5 mg/kg dry weight (dw), Pb: 1.0 mg/kg dw) for edible mushrooms in 96% and 83% of the samples, respectively. The risk from the consumption of the collected mushroom species was calculated based on the provisionally tolerable weekly intake (PTWI) values, and the highest health risk arising with consumption of particularly Macrolepiota procera, Marasmius oreades and Russula vesca from the observed area was demonstrated. It was shown that average weekly consumption of tested mushrooms species results the threat of exceeding of PTWI limits in the case of cadmium values (by 164%, 86% and 4% of PTWI for M. oreades, R. vesca and R. puellaris, respectively) and of mercury (by 96% of PTWI for M. procera) but not lead.
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Affiliation(s)
- Július Árvay
- a Department of Chemistry, Slovak University of Agriculture , Nitra , Slovak Republic
| | - Ján Tomáš
- a Department of Chemistry, Slovak University of Agriculture , Nitra , Slovak Republic
| | - Martin Hauptvogl
- b Department of Sustainable Development, Slovak University of Agriculture , Nitra , Slovak Republic
| | - Peter Massányi
- c Department of Animal Physiology, Slovak University of Agriculture , Nitra , Slovak Republic
| | - Ľuboš Harangozo
- a Department of Chemistry, Slovak University of Agriculture , Nitra , Slovak Republic
| | - Tomáš Tóth
- a Department of Chemistry, Slovak University of Agriculture , Nitra , Slovak Republic
| | - Radovan Stanovič
- a Department of Chemistry, Slovak University of Agriculture , Nitra , Slovak Republic
| | - Štefánia Bryndzová
- d The State Nature Conservancy of the Slovak Republic, Administration of the National Park Slovak Paradise , Spišská Nová Ves , Slovak Republic
| | - Monika Bumbalová
- b Department of Sustainable Development, Slovak University of Agriculture , Nitra , Slovak Republic
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209
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Analysis of phenolic constituents, antiradical and antimicrobial activity of edible mushrooms growing wild in Poland. Lebensm Wiss Technol 2014. [DOI: 10.1016/j.lwt.2014.05.041] [Citation(s) in RCA: 63] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/17/2022]
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210
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Falandysz J. Distribution of mercury in Gypsy Cortinarius caperatus mushrooms from several populations: an efficient accumulator species and estimated intake of element. ECOTOXICOLOGY AND ENVIRONMENTAL SAFETY 2014; 110:68-72. [PMID: 25199584 DOI: 10.1016/j.ecoenv.2014.08.018] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/25/2014] [Revised: 08/13/2014] [Accepted: 08/15/2014] [Indexed: 05/08/2023]
Abstract
Mushroom Cortinarius caperatus is one of the several edible wild-grown species that are widely collected by fanciers. For specimens collected from 20 spatially and distantly distributed sites in Poland the median values of Hg contents of caps ranged from 0.81 to 2.4mgkg(-1) dry matter and in stipes they were 2.5-fold lower. C. caperatus efficiently accumulates Hg and the median values of the bioconcentration factor for caps range from 120 to 18 and for stipes from 47 to 7.3. This mushroom even when collected at background (uncontaminated) forested areas could be a source of elevated intake of Hg. The irregular consumption of the caps or whole fruiting bodies is not considered to pose a risk. Frequent eating of C. caperatus during the fruiting season by fanciers should be avoided because of possible health risk from Hg. Available data on Hg contents of C. caperatus from several places in Europe are also summarized.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jerzy Falandysz
- University of Gdańsk, 63 Wita Stwosza Str., PL 80-308 Gdańsk, Poland.
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211
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Kıvrak İ. Chemical constituents: water-soluble vitamins, free amino acids and sugar profile from Ganoderma adspersum. Nat Prod Res 2014; 29:518-23. [PMID: 25169839 DOI: 10.1080/14786419.2014.952234] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/09/2023]
Abstract
Ganoderma adspersum presents a rigid fruiting body owing to chitin content and having a small quantity of water or moisture. The utility of bioactive constituent of the mushroom can only be available by extraction for human usage. In this study, carbohydrate, water-soluble vitamin compositions and amino acid contents were determined in G. adspersum mushroom. The composition in individual sugars was determined by HPLC-RID, mannitol (13.04 g/100 g) and trehalose (10.27 g/100 g) being the most abundant sugars. The examination of water-soluble vitamins and free amino acid composition was determined by UPLC-ESI-MS/MS. Essential amino acid constituted 67.79% of total amino acid, which is well worth the attention with regard to researchers and consumers. In addition, G. adspersum, which is also significantly rich in B group vitamins and vitamin C, can provide a wide range of notable applications in the pharmaceutics, cosmetics, food and dietary supplement industries. G. adspersum revealed its value for pharmacy and nutrition fields.
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Affiliation(s)
- İbrahim Kıvrak
- a Department of Chemistry and Chemical Treatment Techniques , Mugla Vocational School of Higher Education, Mugla Sitki Koçman University , 48000 Mugla , Turkey
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212
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Lee SW, Song JG, Hwang BS, Kim DW, Lee YJ, Woo EE, Kim JY, Lee IK, Yun BS. Lipoxygenase Inhibitory Activity of Korean Indigenous Mushroom Extracts and Isolation of an Active Compound from Phellinus baumii. MYCOBIOLOGY 2014; 42:185-188. [PMID: 25071389 PMCID: PMC4112236 DOI: 10.5941/myco.2014.42.2.185] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/14/2014] [Accepted: 05/20/2014] [Indexed: 06/03/2023]
Abstract
We investigated a total of 335 samples of Korean native mushroom extracts as part of our lipoxygenase (LOX) inhibitor screening program. Among the mushroom-methanolic extracts we investigated, 35 exhibited an inhibitory activity greater than 30% against LOX at a concentration of 100 µg/mL. Especially, Collybia maculata, Tylopilus neofelleus, Strobilomyces confusus, Phellinus gilvus, P. linteus, P. baumii, and Inonotus mikadoi exhibited relatively potent LOX inhibitory activities of 73.3%, 51.6%, 52.4%, 66.7%, 59.5%, 100.0%, and 85.2%, respectively. Bioassay-guided fractionation led to the isolation of inoscavin A from the methanolic extract of P. baumii, which showed the most potent activity and was identified by spectroscopic methods. Specifically, inoscavin A exhibited potent LOX inhibitory activity with an IC50 value of 6.8 µM.
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Affiliation(s)
- Seung Woong Lee
- Division of Biotechnology and Advanced Institute of Environment and Bioscience, Chonbuk National University, Iksan 570-752, Korea
| | - Ja-Gyeong Song
- Division of Biotechnology and Advanced Institute of Environment and Bioscience, Chonbuk National University, Iksan 570-752, Korea
| | - Byung Soon Hwang
- Division of Biotechnology and Advanced Institute of Environment and Bioscience, Chonbuk National University, Iksan 570-752, Korea
| | - Dae-Won Kim
- Division of Biotechnology and Advanced Institute of Environment and Bioscience, Chonbuk National University, Iksan 570-752, Korea
| | - Yoon-Ju Lee
- Division of Biotechnology and Advanced Institute of Environment and Bioscience, Chonbuk National University, Iksan 570-752, Korea
| | - E-Eum Woo
- Division of Biotechnology and Advanced Institute of Environment and Bioscience, Chonbuk National University, Iksan 570-752, Korea
| | - Ji-Yul Kim
- Division of Biotechnology and Advanced Institute of Environment and Bioscience, Chonbuk National University, Iksan 570-752, Korea
| | - In-Kyoung Lee
- Division of Biotechnology and Advanced Institute of Environment and Bioscience, Chonbuk National University, Iksan 570-752, Korea
| | - Bong-Sik Yun
- Division of Biotechnology and Advanced Institute of Environment and Bioscience, Chonbuk National University, Iksan 570-752, Korea
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213
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Wiejak A, Wang Y, Zhang J, Falandysz J. Bioconcentration potential and contamination with mercury of pantropical mushroom Macrocybe gigantea. JOURNAL OF ENVIRONMENTAL SCIENCE AND HEALTH. PART. B, PESTICIDES, FOOD CONTAMINANTS, AND AGRICULTURAL WASTES 2014; 49:811-4. [PMID: 25190555 DOI: 10.1080/03601234.2014.938549] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/15/2023]
Abstract
The mushroom Macrocybe gigantea collected from the native stands in the Yunnan Province of China can be considered a species that efficiently bioconcentrates mercury (Hg) because the values of the bioconcentration factor (BCF) calculated for this element were well above unity, i.e., for caps, the BCF ranged from 4.8 to 24 and, for stipes, from 3.6 to 18. The Hg content of the composite samples of caps of the fruit bodies collected in the wild ranged from 0.48 to 1.78 mg kg(-1) dry matter and of stipes from 0.36 to 1.70 mg kg(-1) dry matter, whereas 0.37 and 0.25 mg kg(-1) dry matter were observed for farmed specimens. M. gigantea, because of a large biomass of the fruit bodies that emerge in a cluster, is an important food item in Yunnan, but knowledge on mineral composition and content of this species is largely absent. This study estimated the lifetime average daily dose intake of Hg through mushroom as well as the incremental lifetime cancer risk and non-cancer health hazard to consumers of this mushroom.
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