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Orzechowska EJ, Kozlowska E, Czubaty A, Kozlowski P, Staron K, Trzcinska-Danielewicz J. Controlled delivery of BID protein fused with TAT peptide sensitizes cancer cells to apoptosis. BMC Cancer 2014; 14:771. [PMID: 25326334 PMCID: PMC4210496 DOI: 10.1186/1471-2407-14-771] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/22/2014] [Accepted: 10/11/2014] [Indexed: 12/31/2022] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Low cellular level of BID is critical for viability of numerous cancer cells. Sensitization of cells to anticancer agents by BID overexpression from adenovirus or pcDNA vectors is a proposed strategy for cancer therapy; however it does not provide any stringent control of cellular level of BID. The aim of this work was to examine whether a fusion of BID with TAT cell penetrating peptide (TAT-BID) may be used for controlled sensitization of cancer cells to anticancer agents acting through death receptors (TRAIL) or DNA damage (camptothecin). Prostate cancer PC3 and LNCaP, non-small human lung cancer A549, and cervix carcinoma HeLa cells were used in the study. METHODS Uptake of TAT-BID protein by cells was studied by quantitative Western blot analysis of cells extracts. Cells viability was monitored by MTT test. Apoptosis was detected by flow cytometry and cytochrome c release assay. RESULTS TAT-BID was delivered to all cancer cells in amounts depending on time, dose and the cell line. Recombinant BID sensitized PC3 cells to TRAIL or, to lesser extent, to camptothecin. Out of remaining cells, TAT-BID sensitized A549, and only slightly HeLa cells to TRAIL. None of the latter cell lines were sensitized to camptothecin. In all cases the mutant not phosphorylable by CK2 (TAT-BIDT59AS76A) was similarly efficient in sensitization as the wild type TAT-BID. CONCLUSIONS TAT-BID may be delivered to cancer cells in controlled manner and efficiently sensitizes PC3 and A549 cells to TRAIL. Therefore, it may be considered as a potential therapeutic agent that enhances the efficacy of TRAIL for the treatment of prostate and non-small human lung cancer.
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Affiliation(s)
- Emilia Joanna Orzechowska
- />Department of Molecular Biology, Faculty of Biology, University of Warsaw, Miecznikowa 1, 02-096 Warsaw, Poland
| | - Ewa Kozlowska
- />Department of Immunology, Faculty of Biology, University of Warsaw, Miecznikowa 1, 02-096 Warsaw, Poland
| | - Alicja Czubaty
- />Department of Molecular Biology, Faculty of Biology, University of Warsaw, Miecznikowa 1, 02-096 Warsaw, Poland
| | - Piotr Kozlowski
- />Department of Molecular Biology, Faculty of Biology, University of Warsaw, Miecznikowa 1, 02-096 Warsaw, Poland
| | - Krzysztof Staron
- />Department of Molecular Biology, Faculty of Biology, University of Warsaw, Miecznikowa 1, 02-096 Warsaw, Poland
| | - Joanna Trzcinska-Danielewicz
- />Department of Molecular Biology, Faculty of Biology, University of Warsaw, Miecznikowa 1, 02-096 Warsaw, Poland
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202
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Sarhan D, D'Arcy P, Lundqvist A. Regulation of TRAIL-receptor expression by the ubiquitin-proteasome system. Int J Mol Sci 2014; 15:18557-73. [PMID: 25318057 PMCID: PMC4227232 DOI: 10.3390/ijms151018557] [Citation(s) in RCA: 17] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/27/2014] [Revised: 09/30/2014] [Accepted: 10/02/2014] [Indexed: 12/21/2022] Open
Abstract
The tumor necrosis factor (TNF)-related apoptosis-inducing ligand- receptor (TRAIL-R) family has emerged as a key mediator of cell fate and survival. Ligation of TRAIL ligand to TRAIL-R1 or TRAIL-R2 initiates the extrinsic apoptotic pathway characterized by the recruitment of death domains, assembly of the death-inducing signaling complex (DISC), caspase activation and ultimately apoptosis. Conversely the decoy receptors TRAIL-R3 and TRAIL-R4, which lack the pro-apoptotic death domain, function to dampen the apoptotic response by competing for TRAIL ligand. The tissue restricted expression of the decoy receptors on normal but not cancer cells provides a therapeutic rational for the development of selective TRAIL-mediated anti-tumor therapies. Recent clinical trials using agonistic antibodies against the apoptosis-inducing TRAIL receptors or recombinant TRAIL have been promising; however the number of patients in complete remission remains stubbornly low. The mechanisms of TRAIL resistance are relatively unexplored but may in part be due to TRAIL-R down-regulation or shedding of TRAIL-R by tumor cells. Therefore a better understanding of the mechanisms underlying TRAIL resistance is required. The ubiquitin-proteasome system (UPS) has been shown to regulate TRAIL-R members suggesting that pharmacological inhibition of the UPS may be a novel strategy to augment TRAIL-based therapies and increase efficacies. We recently identified b-AP15 as an inhibitor of proteasome deubiquitinase (DUB) activity. Interestingly, exposure of tumor cell lines to b-AP15 resulted in increased TRAIL-R2 expression and enhanced sensitivity to TRAIL-mediated apoptosis and cell death in vitro and in vivo. In conclusion, targeting the UPS may represent a novel strategy to increase the cell surface expression of pro-apoptotic TRAIL-R on cancer cells and should be considered in clinical trials targeting TRAIL-receptors in cancer patients.
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Affiliation(s)
- Dhifaf Sarhan
- Karolinska Institutet, Department of Oncology-Pathology, Stockholm S-17176, Sweden.
| | - Padraig D'Arcy
- Karolinska Institutet, Department of Oncology-Pathology, Stockholm S-17176, Sweden.
| | - Andreas Lundqvist
- Karolinska Institutet, Department of Oncology-Pathology, Stockholm S-17176, Sweden.
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203
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Abstract
Stem cell-based therapies are emerging as a promising strategy to tackle cancer. Multiple stem cell types have been shown to exhibit inherent tropism towards tumours. Moreover, when engineered to express therapeutic agents, these pathotropic delivery vehicles can effectively target sites of malignancy. This perspective considers the current status of stem cell-based treatments for cancer and provides a rationale for translating the most promising preclinical studies into the clinic.
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Affiliation(s)
- Daniel W Stuckey
- Molecular Neurotherapy and Imaging Laboratory and the Department of Radiology, Massachusetts General Hospital, Harvard Medical School, Boston, Massachusetts 02114, USA
| | - Khalid Shah
- Molecular Neurotherapy and Imaging Laboratory and the Departments of Radiology and Neurology, Massachusetts General Hospital, Harvard Medical School, Boston, Massachusetts 02114, USA; and the Harvard Stem Cell Institute, Harvard University, Cambridge, Massachusetts 02138, USA
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204
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Gallegos LL, Brugge JS. Live free or die: cell-cell adhesion regulates sensitivity to trail-induced apoptosis. Dev Cell 2014; 30:3-4. [PMID: 25026030 DOI: 10.1016/j.devcel.2014.06.031] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/15/2022]
Abstract
The ability of the death ligand TRAIL to induce tumor cell apoptosis has led to the development of TRAIL-based cancer therapies. Reporting recently in Molecular Cell, Lu et al. (2014) show that the basis for differential TRAIL responses involves clustering of death receptor complexes by E-cadherin and the actin cytoskeleton.
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Affiliation(s)
- Lisa L Gallegos
- Department of Cell Biology, Ludwig Center at Harvard, Boston, MA 02115, USA
| | - Joan S Brugge
- Department of Cell Biology, Ludwig Center at Harvard, Boston, MA 02115, USA.
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205
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Teng J, Hejazi S, Badr CE, Tannous BA. Systemic anticancer neural stem cells in combination with a cardiac glycoside for glioblastoma therapy. Stem Cells 2014; 32:2021-32. [PMID: 24801379 PMCID: PMC4454401 DOI: 10.1002/stem.1727] [Citation(s) in RCA: 18] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/16/2013] [Accepted: 04/20/2014] [Indexed: 12/26/2022]
Abstract
The tumor-tropic properties of neural stem cells (NSCs) have been shown to serve as a novel strategy to deliver therapeutic genes to tumors. Recently, we have reported that the cardiac glycoside lanatoside C (Lan C) sensitizes glioma cells to the anticancer agent tumor necrosis factor-related apoptosis-inducing ligand (TRAIL). Here, we engineered an FDA-approved human NSC line to synthesize and secrete TRAIL and the Gaussia luciferase (Gluc) blood reporter. We showed that upon systemic injection, these cells selectively migrate toward tumors in the mice brain across the blood-brain barrier, target invasive glioma stem-like cells, and induce tumor regression when combined with Lan C. Gluc blood assay revealed that 30% of NSCs survived 1 day postsystemic injection and around 0.5% of these cells remained viable after 5 weeks in glioma-bearing mice. This study demonstrates the potential of systemic injection of NSCs to deliver anticancer agents, such as TRAIL, which yields glioma regression when combined with Lan C.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jian Teng
- Experimental Therapeutics and Molecular Imaging Laboratory, Neuroscience Center, Department of Neurology, Massachusetts General Hospital, Boston, Massachusetts, USA
- Program in Neuroscience, Harvard Medical School, Boston, Massachusetts, USA
| | - Seyedali Hejazi
- Experimental Therapeutics and Molecular Imaging Laboratory, Neuroscience Center, Department of Neurology, Massachusetts General Hospital, Boston, Massachusetts, USA
- Program in Neuroscience, Harvard Medical School, Boston, Massachusetts, USA
| | - Christian E. Badr
- Experimental Therapeutics and Molecular Imaging Laboratory, Neuroscience Center, Department of Neurology, Massachusetts General Hospital, Boston, Massachusetts, USA
- Program in Neuroscience, Harvard Medical School, Boston, Massachusetts, USA
| | - Bakhos A. Tannous
- Experimental Therapeutics and Molecular Imaging Laboratory, Neuroscience Center, Department of Neurology, Massachusetts General Hospital, Boston, Massachusetts, USA
- Center for Molecular Imaging Research, Department of Radiology, Massachusetts General Hospital, Boston, Massachusetts, USA
- Program in Neuroscience, Harvard Medical School, Boston, Massachusetts, USA
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206
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Do MT, Na M, Kim HG, Khanal T, Choi JH, Jin SW, Oh SH, Hwang IH, Chung YC, Kim HS, Jeong TC, Jeong HG. Ilimaquinone induces death receptor expression and sensitizes human colon cancer cells to TRAIL-induced apoptosis through activation of ROS-ERK/p38 MAPK-CHOP signaling pathways. Food Chem Toxicol 2014; 71:51-9. [PMID: 24930757 DOI: 10.1016/j.fct.2014.06.001] [Citation(s) in RCA: 34] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/19/2013] [Revised: 05/01/2014] [Accepted: 06/04/2014] [Indexed: 10/25/2022]
Abstract
TRAIL induces apoptosis in a variety of tumor cells. However, development of resistance to TRAIL is a major obstacle to more effective cancer treatment. Therefore, novel pharmacological agents that enhance sensitivity to TRAIL are necessary. In the present study, we investigated the molecular mechanisms by which ilimaquinone isolated from a sea sponge sensitizes human colon cancer cells to TRAIL. Ilimaquinone pretreatment significantly enhanced TRAIL-induced apoptosis in HCT 116 cells and sensitized colon cancer cells to TRAIL-induced apoptosis through increased caspase-8, -3 activation, PARP cleavage, and DNA damage. Ilimaquinone also reduced the cell survival proteins Bcl2 and Bcl-xL, while strongly up-regulating death receptor (DR) 4 and DR5 expression. Induction of DR4 and DR5 by ilimaquinone was mediated through up-regulation of CCAAT/enhancer-binding protein homologous protein (CHOP). The up-regulation of CHOP, DR4 and DR5 expression was mediated through activation of extracellular-signal regulated kinase (ERK) and p38 mitogen-activated protein kinase (MAPK) signaling pathways. Finally, the generation of ROS was required for CHOP and DR5 up-regulation by ilimaquinone. These results demonstrate that ilimaquinone enhanced the sensitivity of human colon cancer cells to TRAIL-induced apoptosis through ROS-ERK/p38 MAPK-CHOP-mediated up-regulation of DR4 and DR5 expression, suggesting that ilimaquinone could be developed into an adjuvant chemotherapeutic drug.
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Affiliation(s)
- Minh Truong Do
- Department of Toxicology, College of Pharmacy, Chungnam National University, Daejeon, Republic of Korea
| | - MinKyun Na
- Department of Toxicology, College of Pharmacy, Chungnam National University, Daejeon, Republic of Korea
| | - Hyung Gyun Kim
- Department of Toxicology, College of Pharmacy, Chungnam National University, Daejeon, Republic of Korea
| | - Tilak Khanal
- Department of Toxicology, College of Pharmacy, Chungnam National University, Daejeon, Republic of Korea
| | - Jae Ho Choi
- Department of Toxicology, College of Pharmacy, Chungnam National University, Daejeon, Republic of Korea
| | - Sun Woo Jin
- Department of Toxicology, College of Pharmacy, Chungnam National University, Daejeon, Republic of Korea
| | - Seok Hoon Oh
- Department of Toxicology, College of Pharmacy, Chungnam National University, Daejeon, Republic of Korea
| | - In Hyun Hwang
- Department of Chemistry, University of Iowa, Iowa City, USA
| | - Young Chul Chung
- Department of Food and Medicine, International University of Korea, Jinju, Republic of Korea
| | - Hee Suk Kim
- Department of Food Science and Culinary, International University of Korea, Jinju, Republic of Korea
| | - Tae Cheon Jeong
- College of Pharmacy, Yeungnam University, Gyeongsan, Republic of Korea.
| | - Hye Gwang Jeong
- Department of Toxicology, College of Pharmacy, Chungnam National University, Daejeon, Republic of Korea.
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207
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Jiang J, Liu X, Deng L, Zhang P, Wang G, Wang S, Liu H, Su Y. GMP production and characterization of leucine zipper-tagged tumor necrosis factor-related apoptosis-inducing ligand (LZ-TRAIL) for phase I clinical trial. Eur J Pharmacol 2014; 740:722-32. [PMID: 24929054 DOI: 10.1016/j.ejphar.2014.06.002] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/27/2014] [Revised: 05/30/2014] [Accepted: 06/02/2014] [Indexed: 11/28/2022]
Abstract
Tumor necrosis factor-related apoptosis-inducing ligand (TRAIL) exhibits potent antitumor activity in a wide range of cancers without deleterious side effects on normal tissues. Several TRAIL derivatives have been developed to improve its pharmacokinetics and therapeutic effects through strategies such as adding a leucine zipper to increase the circulation half-life. To obtain clinical grade LZ-TRAIL for phase I clinical trial, a single batch of 30 L bioreactor culture was performed using the Escherichia coli BL21 (DE3) strain expressing the recombinant LZ-TRAIL. A robust LZ-TRAIL production fermentation process was developed, which could be scaled up from 5L to 50 L, and had a titer of approximately 1.4 g/l. A four-step purification strategy was carried out to obtain a final product with over 95% purity and 45% yield. The final material was filter sterilized, aseptically vialed, and stored at 4°C, and comprehensively characterized using multiple assays (vialed product was sterile, purity was 95%, aggregates were <5%, potency revealed IC50 of 9 nM on MDA-MB-231 cells, and the endotoxin level was <0.25 U/mg). The purity, composition, and functional activities of the molecule were confirmed. in vivo investigations indicated that LZ-TRAIL has better antitumor potency in three Xenograft tumor models compared to TRAIL (95-281). LZ-TRAIL also showed improved pharmacokinetic and safety profiles in cynomolgus monkeys without abnormalities associated with drug exposure. In conclusion, the scalable synthesis of LZ-TRAIL is useful for production of phase I clinical trial material. These preclinical investigations warrant further clinical development of this product for cancer therapy.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jing Jiang
- Department of Pharmacology, Binzhou Medical University, Shandong Province, Yantai 256603, China.
| | - Xiaobin Liu
- Shandong Simcere-Medgenn Biopharmaceutical Co., Ltd., Shandong Province, Yantai 264006, China
| | - Leixiu Deng
- Shandong Simcere-Medgenn Biopharmaceutical Co., Ltd., Shandong Province, Yantai 264006, China
| | - Peipei Zhang
- Shandong Simcere-Medgenn Biopharmaceutical Co., Ltd., Shandong Province, Yantai 264006, China
| | - Guangjun Wang
- Shandong Simcere-Medgenn Biopharmaceutical Co., Ltd., Shandong Province, Yantai 264006, China
| | - Shifu Wang
- Shandong Simcere-Medgenn Biopharmaceutical Co., Ltd., Shandong Province, Yantai 264006, China
| | - Honghao Liu
- Shandong Simcere-Medgenn Biopharmaceutical Co., Ltd., Shandong Province, Yantai 264006, China
| | - Yunpeng Su
- Simcere Pharmaceutical R&D Department; Jiangsu Simcere-Medgenn Biopharmaceutical Co., Ltd., Jiangsu Province, Nanjing 210000, China.
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208
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LABSCH SABRINA, LIU LI, BAUER NATHALIE, ZHANG YIYAO, ALEKSANDROWICZ EWA, GLADKICH JURY, SCHÖNSIEGEL FRANK, HERR INGRID. Sulforaphane and TRAIL induce a synergistic elimination of advanced prostate cancer stem-like cells. Int J Oncol 2014; 44:1470-80. [PMID: 24626333 PMCID: PMC4027950 DOI: 10.3892/ijo.2014.2335] [Citation(s) in RCA: 45] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/15/2013] [Accepted: 01/03/2014] [Indexed: 01/31/2023] Open
Abstract
Advanced androgen-independent prostate cancer (AIPC) is an aggressive malignancy with a poor prognosis. Apoptosis-resistant cancer stem cells (CSCs) have been identified in AIPC and are not eliminated by current therapeutics. Novel therapeutic options, which are currently being evaluated in patient studies, include TRAIL and the broccoli-derived isothiocyanate sulforaphane. Although neither agent targets normal cells, TRAIL induces apoptosis in most cancer cells, and sulforaphane eliminates CSCs. In this study, the established AIPC cell lines DU145 and PC3, with enriched CSC features, and primary patient-derived prostate CSCs were treated with sulforaphane and recombinant soluble TRAIL. We examined the effects of these drugs on NF-κB activity, self-renewal and differentiation potential, and stem cell signaling via spheroid- and colony-forming assays, FACS and western blot analyses, immunohistochemistry, and an antibody protein array in vitro and after xenotransplantation. We largely found a stronger effect of sulforaphane on CSC properties compared to TRAIL, though the agents acted synergistically when applied in combination. This was associated with the inhibition of TRAIL-induced NF-κB binding; CXCR4, Jagged1, Notch 1, SOX 2, and Nanog expression; ALDH1 activity inhibition; and the elimination of differentiation and self-renewal potential. In vivo, tumor engraftment and tumor growth were strongly inhibited, without the induction of liver necrosis or other obvious side effects. These findings suggest that sulforaphane shifts the balance from TRAIL-induced survival signals to apoptosis and thus explains the observed synergistic effect. A nutritional strategy for high sulforaphane intake may target the cancer-specific activity of TRAIL in CSCs.
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Affiliation(s)
- SABRINA LABSCH
- Experimental Surgery, General, Visceral and Transplantation Surgery, University of Heidelberg, D-69120 Heidelberg,
Germany
| | - LI LIU
- Experimental Surgery, General, Visceral and Transplantation Surgery, University of Heidelberg, D-69120 Heidelberg,
Germany
| | - NATHALIE BAUER
- Experimental Surgery, General, Visceral and Transplantation Surgery, University of Heidelberg, D-69120 Heidelberg,
Germany
| | - YIYAO ZHANG
- Experimental Surgery, General, Visceral and Transplantation Surgery, University of Heidelberg, D-69120 Heidelberg,
Germany
| | - EWA ALEKSANDROWICZ
- Experimental Surgery, General, Visceral and Transplantation Surgery, University of Heidelberg, D-69120 Heidelberg,
Germany
| | - JURY GLADKICH
- Experimental Surgery, General, Visceral and Transplantation Surgery, University of Heidelberg, D-69120 Heidelberg,
Germany
| | - FRANK SCHÖNSIEGEL
- Experimental Surgery, General, Visceral and Transplantation Surgery, University of Heidelberg, D-69120 Heidelberg,
Germany
| | - INGRID HERR
- Experimental Surgery, General, Visceral and Transplantation Surgery, University of Heidelberg, D-69120 Heidelberg,
Germany
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209
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Du W, Uslar L, Sevala S, Shah K. Targeting c-Met receptor overcomes TRAIL-resistance in brain tumors. PLoS One 2014; 9:e95490. [PMID: 24748276 PMCID: PMC3991662 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0095490] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/03/2014] [Accepted: 03/27/2014] [Indexed: 12/22/2022] Open
Abstract
Tumor necrosis factor related apoptosis-inducing ligand (TRAIL) induced apoptosis specifically in tumor cells. However, with approximately half of all known tumor lines being resistant to TRAIL, the identification of TRAIL sensitizers and their mechanism of action become critical to broadly use TRAIL as a therapeutic agent. In this study, we explored whether c-Met protein contributes to TRAIL sensitivity. We found a direct correlation between the c-Met expression level and TRAIL resistance. We show that the knock down c-Met protein, but not inhibition, sensitized brain tumor cells to TRAIL-mediated apoptosis by interrupting the interaction between c-Met and TRAIL cognate death receptor (DR) 5. This interruption greatly induces the formation of death-inducing signaling complex (DISC) and subsequent downstream apoptosis signaling. Using intracranially implanted brain tumor cells and stem cell (SC) lines engineered with different combinations of fluorescent and bioluminescent proteins, we show that SC expressing a potent and secretable TRAIL (S-TRAIL) have a significant anti-tumor effect in mice bearing c-Met knock down of TRAIL-resistant brain tumors. To our best knowledge, this is the first study that demonstrates c-Met contributes to TRAIL sensitivity of brain tumor cells and has implications for developing effective therapies for brain tumor patients.
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Affiliation(s)
- Wanlu Du
- Molecular Neurotherapy and Imaging Laboratory, Massachusetts General Hospital, Harvard Medical School, Boston, Massachusetts, United States of America
- Department of Radiology, Massachusetts General Hospital, Harvard Medical School, Boston, Massachusetts, United States of America
| | - Liubov Uslar
- Molecular Neurotherapy and Imaging Laboratory, Massachusetts General Hospital, Harvard Medical School, Boston, Massachusetts, United States of America
- Department of Radiology, Massachusetts General Hospital, Harvard Medical School, Boston, Massachusetts, United States of America
| | - Sindhura Sevala
- Molecular Neurotherapy and Imaging Laboratory, Massachusetts General Hospital, Harvard Medical School, Boston, Massachusetts, United States of America
- Department of Radiology, Massachusetts General Hospital, Harvard Medical School, Boston, Massachusetts, United States of America
| | - Khalid Shah
- Molecular Neurotherapy and Imaging Laboratory, Massachusetts General Hospital, Harvard Medical School, Boston, Massachusetts, United States of America
- Department of Radiology, Massachusetts General Hospital, Harvard Medical School, Boston, Massachusetts, United States of America
- Department of Neurology, Massachusetts General Hospital, Harvard Medical School, Boston, Massachusetts, United States of America
- Harvard Stem Cell Institute, Harvard University, Cambridge, Massachusetts, United States of America
- * E-mail:
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210
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Holland PM. Death receptor agonist therapies for cancer, which is the right TRAIL? Cytokine Growth Factor Rev 2013; 25:185-93. [PMID: 24418173 DOI: 10.1016/j.cytogfr.2013.12.009] [Citation(s) in RCA: 62] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/22/2013] [Accepted: 12/15/2013] [Indexed: 01/28/2023]
Abstract
The activation of cell-surface death receptors represents an attractive therapeutic strategy to promote apoptosis of tumor cells. Several investigational therapeutics that target this extrinsic pathway, including recombinant human Apo2L/TRAIL and monoclonal agonist antibodies directed against death receptors-4 (DR4) or -5 (DR5), have been evaluated in the clinic. Although Phase 1/1b studies provided encouraging preliminary results, findings from randomized Phase 2 studies failed to demonstrate significant clinical benefit. This has raised multiple questions as to why pre-clinical data were not predictive of clinical response. Results from clinical studies and insight into why current agents have failed to yield robust responses are discussed. In addition, new strategies for the development of next generation death receptor agonists are reviewed.
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Affiliation(s)
- Pamela M Holland
- Therapeutic Innovation Unit, Amgen Inc., 360 Binney Street, Cambridge, MA 02142, United States.
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211
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Quast SA, Berger A, Plötz M, Eberle J. Sensitization of melanoma cells for TRAIL-induced apoptosis by activation of mitochondrial pathways via Bax. Eur J Cell Biol 2013; 93:42-8. [PMID: 24361324 DOI: 10.1016/j.ejcb.2013.11.003] [Citation(s) in RCA: 25] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/08/2013] [Revised: 11/15/2013] [Accepted: 11/15/2013] [Indexed: 12/13/2022] Open
Abstract
The death ligand TRAIL (TNF-related apoptosis-inducing ligand) represents a promising therapeutic strategy for metastatic melanoma, however prevalent and inducible resistance limits its applicability and therapeutic use. Recent work has revealed that combinations with survival pathway inhibitors could efficiently sensitize melanoma cells for TRAIL. Here, a particular role was attributed to the activation of Bax, which is regulated by phosphorylation. Thus, TRAIL resistance in melanoma is explained by three major steps, namely high levels of antiapoptotic Bcl-2 proteins, high levels of inhibitor of apoptosis proteins (cIAPs) and suppressed Bax activity. Importantly, Bid was activated in response to TRAIL alone also in resistant cells to antagonize Bcl-2, and Bax was activated in response to pathway inhibitors. However, only in combinations, mitochondrial apoptosis pathways were opened to result in release of Smac/DIABLO, which functions as antagonist of cIAPs. Opening the caspase cascade by Smac then allowed efficient induction of apoptosis. Thus, direct or indirect targeting of Bax represents a suitable strategy to overcome TRAIL resistance in melanoma and may allow the establishment of TRAIL-based therapeutic approaches.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sandra-Annika Quast
- Department of Dermatology and Allergy, Skin Cancer Center, University Medical Center Charité, Berlin, Germany
| | - Anja Berger
- Department of Dermatology and Allergy, Skin Cancer Center, University Medical Center Charité, Berlin, Germany
| | - Michael Plötz
- Department of Dermatology and Allergy, Skin Cancer Center, University Medical Center Charité, Berlin, Germany
| | - Jürgen Eberle
- Department of Dermatology and Allergy, Skin Cancer Center, University Medical Center Charité, Berlin, Germany.
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