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Kanemura Y, Yamamoto A, Katsuma A, Fukusumi H, Shofuda T, Kanematsu D, Handa Y, Sumida M, Yoshioka E, Mine Y, Yamaguchi R, Okada M, Igarashi M, Sekino Y, Shirao T, Nakamura M, Okano H. Human-Induced Pluripotent Stem Cell-Derived Neural Progenitor Cells Showed Neuronal Differentiation, Neurite Extension, and Formation of Synaptic Structures in Rodent Ischemic Stroke Brains. Cells 2024; 13:671. [PMID: 38667286 PMCID: PMC11048851 DOI: 10.3390/cells13080671] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/14/2024] [Revised: 04/01/2024] [Accepted: 04/09/2024] [Indexed: 04/28/2024] Open
Abstract
Ischemic stroke is a major cerebrovascular disease with high morbidity and mortality rates; however, effective treatments for ischemic stroke-related neurological dysfunction have yet to be developed. In this study, we generated neural progenitor cells from human leukocyte antigen major loci gene-homozygous-induced pluripotent stem cells (hiPSC-NPCs) and evaluated their therapeutic effects against ischemic stroke. hiPSC-NPCs were intracerebrally transplanted into rat ischemic brains produced by transient middle cerebral artery occlusion at either the subacute or acute stage, and their in vivo survival, differentiation, and efficacy for functional improvement in neurological dysfunction were evaluated. hiPSC-NPCs were histologically identified in host brain tissues and showed neuronal differentiation into vGLUT-positive glutamatergic neurons, extended neurites into both the ipsilateral infarct and contralateral healthy hemispheres, and synaptic structures formed 12 weeks after both acute and subacute stage transplantation. They also improved neurological function when transplanted at the subacute stage with γ-secretase inhibitor pretreatment. However, their effects were modest and not significant and showed a possible risk of cells remaining in their undifferentiated and immature status in acute-stage transplantation. These results suggest that hiPSC-NPCs show cell replacement effects in ischemic stroke-damaged neural tissues, but their efficacy is insufficient for neurological functional improvement after acute or subacute transplantation. Further optimization of cell preparation methods and the timing of transplantation is required to balance the efficacy and safety of hiPSC-NPC transplantation.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yonehiro Kanemura
- Department of Biomedical Research and Innovation, Institute for Clinical Research, NHO Osaka National Hospital, Osaka 540-0006, Japan; (A.Y.); (A.K.); (H.F.); (M.S.)
- Department of Neurosurgery, NHO Osaka National Hospital, Osaka 540-0006, Japan
| | - Atsuyo Yamamoto
- Department of Biomedical Research and Innovation, Institute for Clinical Research, NHO Osaka National Hospital, Osaka 540-0006, Japan; (A.Y.); (A.K.); (H.F.); (M.S.)
| | - Asako Katsuma
- Department of Biomedical Research and Innovation, Institute for Clinical Research, NHO Osaka National Hospital, Osaka 540-0006, Japan; (A.Y.); (A.K.); (H.F.); (M.S.)
| | - Hayato Fukusumi
- Department of Biomedical Research and Innovation, Institute for Clinical Research, NHO Osaka National Hospital, Osaka 540-0006, Japan; (A.Y.); (A.K.); (H.F.); (M.S.)
| | - Tomoko Shofuda
- Department of Biomedical Research and Innovation, Institute for Clinical Research, NHO Osaka National Hospital, Osaka 540-0006, Japan; (A.Y.); (A.K.); (H.F.); (M.S.)
| | - Daisuke Kanematsu
- Department of Biomedical Research and Innovation, Institute for Clinical Research, NHO Osaka National Hospital, Osaka 540-0006, Japan; (A.Y.); (A.K.); (H.F.); (M.S.)
| | - Yukako Handa
- Department of Biomedical Research and Innovation, Institute for Clinical Research, NHO Osaka National Hospital, Osaka 540-0006, Japan; (A.Y.); (A.K.); (H.F.); (M.S.)
| | - Miho Sumida
- Department of Biomedical Research and Innovation, Institute for Clinical Research, NHO Osaka National Hospital, Osaka 540-0006, Japan; (A.Y.); (A.K.); (H.F.); (M.S.)
| | - Ema Yoshioka
- Department of Biomedical Research and Innovation, Institute for Clinical Research, NHO Osaka National Hospital, Osaka 540-0006, Japan; (A.Y.); (A.K.); (H.F.); (M.S.)
| | - Yutaka Mine
- Department of Neurosurgery, NHO Tokyo Medical Center, Tokyo 152-8902, Japan;
- Department of Physiology, Keio University School of Medicine, Tokyo 160-8582, Japan; (R.Y.); (H.O.)
| | - Ryo Yamaguchi
- Department of Physiology, Keio University School of Medicine, Tokyo 160-8582, Japan; (R.Y.); (H.O.)
- Regenerative & Cellular Medicine Kobe Center, Sumitomo Pharma Co., Ltd., Kobe 650-0047, Japan
| | - Masayasu Okada
- Department of Brain Tumor Biology, Brain Research Institute, Niigata University, Niigata 951-8585, Japan;
- Department of Neurosurgery, Brain Research Institute, Niigata University, Niigata 951-8585, Japan
| | - Michihiro Igarashi
- Department of Neurochemistry and Molecular Cell Biology, School of Medicine, Graduate School of Medical, Dental Sciences Niigata University, Niigata 951-8510, Japan;
| | - Yuko Sekino
- Department of Veterinary Pathophysiology and Animal Health, Graduate School of Agricultural and Life Sciences, The University of Tokyo, Tokyo 113-8657, Japan;
| | | | - Masaya Nakamura
- Department of Orthopaedic Surgery, Keio University School of Medicine, Tokyo 160-8582, Japan;
| | - Hideyuki Okano
- Department of Physiology, Keio University School of Medicine, Tokyo 160-8582, Japan; (R.Y.); (H.O.)
- Keio Regenerative Medicine Research Center, Keio University, Kawasaki 210-0821, Japan
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Merighi F, De Vincentiis S, Onorati M, Raffa V. Long-Term Mouse Spinal Cord Organotypic Slice Culture as a Platform for Validating Cell Transplantation in Spinal Cord Injury. J Vis Exp 2024. [PMID: 38682940 DOI: 10.3791/66704] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/01/2024] Open
Abstract
Resolutive cures for spinal cord injuries (SCIs) are still lacking, due to the complex pathophysiology. One of the most promising regenerative approaches is based on stem cell transplantation to replace lost tissue and promote functional recovery. This approach should be further explored better in vitro and ex vivo for safety and efficacy before proceeding with more expensive and time-consuming animal testing. In this work, we show the establishment of a long-term platform based on mouse spinal cord (SC) organotypic slices transplanted with human neural stem cells to test cellular replacement therapies for SCIs. Standard SC organotypic cultures are maintained for around 2 or 3 weeks in vitro. Here, we describe an optimized protocol for long-term maintenance (≥30 days) for up to 90 days. The medium used for long-term culturing of SC slices was also optimized for transplanting neural stem cells into the organotypic model. Human SC-derived neuroepithelial stem (h-SC-NES) cells carrying a green fluorescent protein (GFP) reporter were transplanted into mouse SC slices. Thirty days after the transplant, cells still show GFP expression and a low apoptotic rate, suggesting that the optimized environment sustained their survival and integration inside the tissue. This protocol represents a robust reference for efficiently testing cell replacement therapies in the SC tissue. This platform will allow researchers to perform an ex vivo pre-screening of different cell transplantation therapies, helping them to choose the most appropriate strategy before proceeding with in vivo experiments.
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Pan W, Rahman AA, Ohkura T, Stavely R, Ohishi K, Han CY, Leavitt A, Kashiwagi A, Burns AJ, Goldstein AM, Hotta R. Autologous cell transplantation for treatment of colorectal aganglionosis in mice. Nat Commun 2024; 15:2479. [PMID: 38509106 PMCID: PMC10954649 DOI: 10.1038/s41467-024-46793-9] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/10/2023] [Accepted: 03/11/2024] [Indexed: 03/22/2024] Open
Abstract
Neurointestinal diseases cause significant morbidity and effective treatments are lacking. This study aimes to test the feasibility of transplanting autologous enteric neural stem cells (ENSCs) to rescue the enteric nervous system (ENS) in a model of colonic aganglionosis. ENSCs are isolated from a segment of small intestine from Wnt1::Cre;R26iDTR mice in which focal colonic aganglionosis is simultaneously created by diphtheria toxin injection. Autologous ENSCs are isolated, expanded, labeled with lentiviral-GFP, and transplanted into the aganglionic segment in vivo. ENSCs differentiate into neurons and glia, cluster to form neo-ganglia, and restore colonic contractile activity as shown by electrical field stimulation and optogenetics. Using a non-lethal model of colonic aganglionosis, our results demonstrate the potential of autologous ENSC therapy to improve functional outcomes in neurointestinal disease, laying the groundwork for clinical application of this regenerative cell-based approach.
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Affiliation(s)
- Weikang Pan
- Department of Pediatric Surgery, Massachusetts General Hospital, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA, USA
- Department of Pediatric Surgery, The second affiliated hospital of Xi'an Jiaotong University, Xi'an, Shaanxi, China
| | - Ahmed A Rahman
- Department of Pediatric Surgery, Massachusetts General Hospital, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA, USA
| | - Takahiro Ohkura
- Department of Pediatric Surgery, Massachusetts General Hospital, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA, USA
| | - Rhian Stavely
- Department of Pediatric Surgery, Massachusetts General Hospital, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA, USA
| | - Kensuke Ohishi
- Department of Pediatric Surgery, Massachusetts General Hospital, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA, USA
- Drug Discovery Laboratory, Wakunaga Pharmaceutical Co., Ltd., Hiroshima, Japan
| | - Christopher Y Han
- Department of Pediatric Surgery, Massachusetts General Hospital, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA, USA
| | - Abigail Leavitt
- Department of Pediatric Surgery, Massachusetts General Hospital, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA, USA
| | - Aki Kashiwagi
- Department of Pediatric Surgery, Massachusetts General Hospital, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA, USA
| | - Alan J Burns
- Department of Pediatric Surgery, Massachusetts General Hospital, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA, USA
- Stem Cells and Regenerative Medicine, UCL Great Ormond Street Institute of Child Health, London, UK
| | - Allan M Goldstein
- Department of Pediatric Surgery, Massachusetts General Hospital, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA, USA
| | - Ryo Hotta
- Department of Pediatric Surgery, Massachusetts General Hospital, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA, USA.
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Bang WS, Han I, Mun SA, Hwang JM, Noh SH, Son W, Cho DC, Kim BJ, Kim CH, Choi H, Kim KT. Electrical stimulation promotes functional recovery after spinal cord injury by activating endogenous spinal cord-derived neural stem/progenitor cell: an in vitro and in vivo study. Spine J 2024; 24:534-553. [PMID: 37871660 DOI: 10.1016/j.spinee.2023.10.004] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/11/2023] [Revised: 09/15/2023] [Accepted: 10/14/2023] [Indexed: 10/25/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND CONTEXT Electrical stimulation is a noninvasive treatment method that has gained popularity in the treatment of spinal cord injury (SCI). Activation of spinal cord-derived neural stem/progenitor cell (SC-NSPC) proliferation and differentiation in the injured spinal cord may elicit considerable neural regenerative effects. PURPOSE This study aimed to explore the effect of electrical stimulation on the neurogenesis of SC-NSPCs. STUDY DESIGN This study analyzed the effects of electrical stimulation on neurogenesis in rodent SC-NSPCs in vitro and in vivo and evaluated functional recovery and neural circuitry improvements with electrical stimulation using a rodent SCI model. METHODS Rats (20 rats/group) were assigned to sham (Group 1), SCI only (Group 2), SCI + electrode implant without stimulation (Group 3), and SCI + electrode with stimulation (Group 4) groups to count total SC-NSPCs and differentiated neurons and to evaluate morphological changes in differentiated neurons. Furthermore, the Basso, Beattie, and Bresnahan scores were analyzed, and the motor- and somatosensory-evoked potentials in all rats were monitored. RESULTS Biphasic electrical currents enhanced SC-NSPC proliferation differentiation and caused qualitative morphological changes in differentiated neurons in vitro. Electrical stimulation promoted SC-NSPC proliferation and neuronal differentiation and improved functional outcomes and neural circuitry in SCI models. Increased Wnt3, Wnt7, and β-catenin protein levels were also observed after electrical stimulation. CONCLUSIONS Our study proved the beneficial effects of electrical stimulation on SCI. The Wnt/β-catenin pathway activation may be associated with this relationship between electrical stimulation and neuronal regeneration after SCI. CLINICAL SIGNIFICANCE The study confirmed the benefits of electrical stimulation on SCI based on cellular, functional, electrophysiological, and histological evidence. Based on these findings, we expect electrical stimulation to make a positive and significant difference in SCI treatment strategies.
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Affiliation(s)
- Woo-Seok Bang
- Department of Neurosurgery, Topspine Hospital, Daegu, Republic of Korea.
| | - Inbo Han
- Department of Neurosurgery, CHA Bundang Medical Center, CHA University, Seongnam, Republic of Korea.
| | - Seul-Ah Mun
- Department. of Neurosurgery, School of Medicine, Kyungpook National University, Kyungpook National University Hospital, Daegu, Republic of Korea.
| | - Jong-Moon Hwang
- Department of Rehabilitation Medicine, Daegu Fatima Hospital, Daegu, Republic of Korea.
| | - Sung Hyun Noh
- Department of Neurosurgery, Ajou University School of Medicine, Suwon, Republic of Korea.
| | - Wonsoo Son
- Department. of Neurosurgery, School of Medicine, Kyungpook National University, Kyungpook National University Hospital, Daegu, Republic of Korea.
| | - Dae-Chul Cho
- Department. of Neurosurgery, School of Medicine, Kyungpook National University, Kyungpook National University Hospital, Daegu, Republic of Korea.
| | - Byoung-Joon Kim
- Department. of Neurosurgery, School of Medicine, Kyungpook National University, Kyungpook National University Hospital, Daegu, Republic of Korea.
| | - Chi Heon Kim
- Department of Neurosurgery, Seoul National University College of Medicine, Seoul, Republic of Korea.
| | - Hyuk Choi
- Department of Medical Sciences, Graduate School of Medicine, Korea University, Seoul, Republic of Korea.
| | - Kyoung-Tae Kim
- Department. of Neurosurgery, School of Medicine, Kyungpook National University, Kyungpook National University Hospital, Daegu, Republic of Korea.
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Yang Y, Ma B, Chen J, Liu D, Ma J, Li B, Hao J, Zhou X. Epigenetic regulation and factors that influence the effect of iPSCs-derived neural stem/progenitor cells (NS/PCs) in the treatment of spinal cord injury. Clin Epigenetics 2024; 16:30. [PMID: 38383473 PMCID: PMC10880347 DOI: 10.1186/s13148-024-01639-5] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/19/2023] [Accepted: 01/30/2024] [Indexed: 02/23/2024] Open
Abstract
Spinal cord injury (SCI) is a severe neurological disorder that causes neurological impairment and disability. Neural stem/progenitor cells (NS/PCs) derived from induced pluripotent stem cells (iPSCs) represent a promising cell therapy strategy for spinal cord regeneration and repair. However, iPSC-derived NS/PCs face many challenges and issues in SCI therapy; one of the most significant challenges is epigenetic regulation and that factors that influence this mechanism. Epigenetics refers to the regulation of gene expression and function by DNA methylation, histone modification, and chromatin structure without changing the DNA sequence. Previous research has shown that epigenetics plays a crucial role in the generation, differentiation, and transplantation of iPSCs, and can influence the quality, safety, and outcome of transplanted cells. In this study, we review the effects of epigenetic regulation and various influencing factors on the role of iPSC-derived NS/PCs in SCI therapy at multiple levels, including epigenetic reprogramming, regulation, and the adaptation of iPSCs during generation, differentiation, and transplantation, as well as the impact of other therapeutic tools (e.g., drugs, electrical stimulation, and scaffolds) on the epigenetic status of transplanted cells. We summarize our main findings and insights in this field and identify future challenges and directions that need to be addressed and explored.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yubiao Yang
- Department of Orthopedics, Tianjin Medical University General Hospital, Tianjin, People's Republic of China
| | - Boyuan Ma
- The Second Affiliated Hospital, Guangzhou Medical University, Guangzhou, 510260, People's Republic of China
| | - Jinyu Chen
- The Second Affiliated Hospital, Guangzhou Medical University, Guangzhou, 510260, People's Republic of China
| | - Derong Liu
- Department of Orthopedics, Tianjin Medical University General Hospital, Tianjin, People's Republic of China
| | - Jun Ma
- Department of Orthopedics, Tianjin Medical University General Hospital, Tianjin, People's Republic of China
| | - Bo Li
- Department of Orthopedics, Beijing Luhe Hospital, Capital Medical University, Beijing, People's Republic of China
| | - Jian Hao
- The Second Affiliated Hospital, Guangzhou Medical University, Guangzhou, 510260, People's Republic of China.
| | - Xianhu Zhou
- The Second Affiliated Hospital, Guangzhou Medical University, Guangzhou, 510260, People's Republic of China.
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Guo W, Liu K, Wang Y, Ge X, Ma Y, Qin J, Zhang C, Zhao Y, Shi C. Neurotrophins and neural stem cells in posttraumatic brain injury repair. Animal Model Exp Med 2024; 7:12-23. [PMID: 38018458 PMCID: PMC10961886 DOI: 10.1002/ame2.12363] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/26/2023] [Accepted: 10/26/2023] [Indexed: 11/30/2023] Open
Abstract
Traumatic brain injury (TBI) is the main cause of disability, mental health disorder, and even death, with its incidence and social costs rising steadily. Although different treatment strategies have been developed and tested to mitigate neurological decline, a definitive cure for these conditions remains elusive. Studies have revealed that various neurotrophins represented by the brain-derived neurotrophic factor are the key regulators of neuroinflammation, apoptosis, blood-brain barrier permeability, neurite regeneration, and memory function. These factors are instrumental in alleviating neuroinflammation and promoting neuroregeneration. In addition, neural stem cells (NSC) contribute to nerve repair through inherent neuroprotective and immunomodulatory properties, the release of neurotrophins, the activation of endogenous NSCs, and intercellular signaling. Notably, innovative research proposals are emerging to combine BDNF and NSCs, enabling them to synergistically complement and promote each other in facilitating injury repair and improving neuron differentiation after TBI. In this review, we summarize the mechanism of neurotrophins in promoting neurogenesis and restoring neural function after TBI, comprehensively explore the potential therapeutic effects of various neurotrophins in basic research on TBI, and investigate their interaction with NSCs. This endeavor aims to provide a valuable insight into the clinical treatment and transformation of neurotrophins in TBI, thereby promoting the progress of TBI therapeutics.
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Affiliation(s)
- Wenwen Guo
- Laboratory Animal CenterFourth Military Medical UniversityXi'anP.R. China
- Gansu University of Traditional Chinese MedicineLanzhouP.R. China
| | - Ke Liu
- Laboratory Animal CenterFourth Military Medical UniversityXi'anP.R. China
- Gansu University of Traditional Chinese MedicineLanzhouP.R. China
| | - Yinghua Wang
- Medical College of Yan'an UniversityYan'anP.R. China
| | - Xu Ge
- Laboratory Animal CenterFourth Military Medical UniversityXi'anP.R. China
| | - Yifan Ma
- Gansu University of Traditional Chinese MedicineLanzhouP.R. China
| | - Jing Qin
- Laboratory Animal CenterFourth Military Medical UniversityXi'anP.R. China
| | - Caiqin Zhang
- Laboratory Animal CenterFourth Military Medical UniversityXi'anP.R. China
| | - Ya Zhao
- Laboratory Animal CenterFourth Military Medical UniversityXi'anP.R. China
| | - Changhong Shi
- Laboratory Animal CenterFourth Military Medical UniversityXi'anP.R. China
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Yoshida T, Tashiro S, Nagoshi N, Shinozaki M, Shibata T, Inoue M, Ogawa S, Shibata S, Tsuji T, Okano H, Nakamura M. Chronic Spinal Cord Injury Regeneration with Combined Therapy Comprising Neural Stem/Progenitor Cell Transplantation, Rehabilitation, and Semaphorin 3A Inhibitor. eNeuro 2024; 11:ENEURO.0378-23.2024. [PMID: 38262737 PMCID: PMC10866332 DOI: 10.1523/eneuro.0378-23.2024] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/28/2023] [Revised: 12/20/2023] [Accepted: 01/12/2024] [Indexed: 01/25/2024] Open
Abstract
Spinal cord injury (SCI) often results in various long-term sequelae, and chronically injured spinal cords exhibit a refractory feature, showing a limited response to cell transplantation therapies. To our knowledge, no preclinical studies have reported a treatment approach with results surpassing those of treatment comprising rehabilitation alone. In this study of rats with SCI, we propose a novel combined therapy involving a semaphorin 3A inhibitor (Sema3Ai), which enhances axonal regeneration, as the third treatment element in combination with neural stem/progenitor cell transplantation and rehabilitation. This comprehensive therapeutic strategy achieved significant improvements in host-derived neuronal and oligodendrocyte differentiation at the SCI epicenter and promoted axonal regeneration even in the chronically injured spinal cord. The elongated axons established functional electrical connections, contributing to significant enhancements in locomotor mobility when compared with animals treated with transplantation and rehabilitation. As a result, our combined transplantation, Sema3Ai, and rehabilitation treatment have the potential to serve as a critical step forward for chronic SCI patients, improving their ability to regain motor function.
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Affiliation(s)
- Takashi Yoshida
- Departments of Rehabilitation Medicine, Keio University School of Medicine, Shinjuku-ku, Tokyo 160-8582, Japan
| | - Syoichi Tashiro
- Departments of Rehabilitation Medicine, Keio University School of Medicine, Shinjuku-ku, Tokyo 160-8582, Japan
| | - Narihito Nagoshi
- Orthopaedic Surgery, Keio University School of Medicine, Shinjuku-ku, Tokyo 160-8582, Japan
| | - Munehisa Shinozaki
- Physiology, Keio University School of Medicine, Shinjuku-ku, Tokyo 160-8582, Japan
| | - Takahiro Shibata
- Orthopaedic Surgery, Keio University School of Medicine, Shinjuku-ku, Tokyo 160-8582, Japan
| | - Mitsuhiro Inoue
- Regenerative and Cellular Medicine Kobe Center, Sumitomo Pharma, Kobe, Hyogo 650-0047, Japan
| | - Shoji Ogawa
- Formulation Research & Development Laboratories, Sumitomo Pharma, Suita, Osaka 564-0053, Japan
| | - Shinsuke Shibata
- Physiology, Keio University School of Medicine, Shinjuku-ku, Tokyo 160-8582, Japan
- Division of Microscopic Anatomy, Graduate School of Medical and Dental Sciences, Niigata University, Niigata-shi, Niigata 951-8510, Japan
| | - Tetsuya Tsuji
- Departments of Rehabilitation Medicine, Keio University School of Medicine, Shinjuku-ku, Tokyo 160-8582, Japan
| | - Hideyuki Okano
- Physiology, Keio University School of Medicine, Shinjuku-ku, Tokyo 160-8582, Japan
| | - Masaya Nakamura
- Orthopaedic Surgery, Keio University School of Medicine, Shinjuku-ku, Tokyo 160-8582, Japan
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Shen J, Zhang T, Guan H, Li X, Zhang S, Xu G. PDGFR-beta signaling mediates endogenous neurogenesis after postischemic neural stem/progenitor cell transplantation in mice. Brain Inj 2023; 37:1345-1354. [PMID: 37975626 DOI: 10.1080/02699052.2023.2280894] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/23/2023] [Accepted: 10/30/2023] [Indexed: 11/19/2023]
Abstract
OBJECTIVE Although platelet-derived growth factor receptor (PDGFR)-β mediates the self-renewal and multipotency of neural stem/progenitor cells (NSPCs) in vitro and in vivo, its mechanisms of activating endogenous NSPCs following ischemic stroke still remain unproven. METHODS The exogenous NSPCs were transplanted into the ischemic striatum of PDGFR-β conditionally neuroepithelial knockout (KO) mice at 24 h after transient middle cerebral artery occlusion (tMCAO). 5-Bromo-2'-deoxyuridine (BrdU) was intraperitoneally injected to label the newly formed endogenous NSPCs. Infarction volume was measured, and behavioral tests were performed. In the subventricular zone (SVZ), proliferation of endogenous NSPCs was tested, and synapse formation and expression of nutritional factors were measured. RESULTS Compared with control mice, KO mice showed larger infarction volume, delayed neurological recovery, reduced numbers of BrdU positive cells, decreased expression of neurogenic factors (including neurofilament, synaptophysin, and brain-derived neurotrophic factor), and decreased synaptic regeneration in SVZ after tMCAO. Moreover, exogenous NSPC transplantation significantly alleviated neurologic dysfunction, promoted neurogenesis, increased expression of neurologic factors, and diminished synaptic deformation in SVZ of FL mice after tMCAO but had no beneficial effect in KO mice. CONCLUSION PDGFR-β signaling may promote activation of endogenous NSPCs after postischemic NSPC transplantation, and thus represents a novel potential regeneration-based therapeutic target.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jie Shen
- Department of Neurology, Dongguan Binhaiwan Central Hospital, Dongguan, Guang Dong, China
| | - Tong Zhang
- School of Medicine, Shanxi Datong University, Datong, Shanxi, China
- Institute of Brain Science, Shanxi Datong University, Datong, Shanxi, China
| | - Hong Guan
- College of Veterinary Medicine, Inner Mongolia Agricultural University, Hohhot, China
| | - Xin Li
- Department of Pulmonary and Critical Care Medicine, Inner Mongolia Autonomous Region People's Hospital, Hohhot, China
| | - Sainan Zhang
- Department of Pulmonary and Critical Care Medicine, Inner Mongolia Autonomous Region People's Hospital, Hohhot, China
| | - Guihua Xu
- Department of Science and Education, Dongguan Binhaiwan Central Hospital, Dongguan, Guang Dong, China
- Dongguan Key Laboratory of Precision Medicine
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Baltazar A, Tucker A, Jang J, Vo K, Dulin JN. Differences in Anatomical Outcomes Between Early Chronic and Far Chronic Time-Points After Transplantation of Spinal Cord Neural Progenitor Cells in Mice. J Neurotrauma 2023; 40:2487-2499. [PMID: 37597207 PMCID: PMC10698786 DOI: 10.1089/neu.2023.0264] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 08/21/2023] Open
Abstract
Spinal cord injury (SCI) affects millions of people worldwide. Neural progenitor cell (NPC) transplantation is a promising treatment for regenerating lost spinal cord tissue and restoring neurological function after SCI. We conducted a literature search and found that less than a quarter of experimental rodent cell and tissue transplantation studies have investigated anatomical outcomes at longer than 4 months post-transplantation. This is a critical topic to investigate, given that stem and progenitor cell therapies would need to remain in place throughout the lifetime of an individual. We sought to determine how commonly assessed anatomical outcomes evolve between early and far chronic time-points post-NPC transplantation. At either 8 weeks or 26 weeks following transplantation of NPCs into sites of cervical SCI, we evaluated graft neuronal density, astroglial cell density, graft axon outgrowth, and regeneration of host axon populations into grafts in male and female mice. We found that graft neuronal density does not change over time, but the numbers of graft-associated astrocytes and glial fibrillary acidic protein intensity is significantly increased in the far chronic phase compared with the early chronic time-point. In addition, graft axon outgrowth was significantly decreased at 26 weeks post-transplantation compared with 8 weeks post-transplantation. In contrast, corticospinal axon regeneration into grafts was not diminished over time, but rather increased significantly from early to far chronic periods. Interestingly, we found that graft neuronal density is significantly influenced by sex of the host animal, suggesting that sex-dependent processes may shape graft composition over time. Collectively, these results demonstrate that NPC transplants are dynamic and that commonly assessed outcome measures associated with graft efficacy evolve over the weeks to months post-transplantation into the spinal cord.
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Affiliation(s)
- Angelina Baltazar
- Department of Biomedical Engineering, Texas A&M University, College Station, Texas, USA
| | - Ashley Tucker
- Department of Biology, Texas A&M University, College Station, Texas, USA
- Texas A&M Institute for Neuroscience, Texas A&M University, College Station, Texas, USA
| | - Julius Jang
- Department of Biology, Texas A&M University, College Station, Texas, USA
| | - Katie Vo
- Department of Biology, Texas A&M University, College Station, Texas, USA
| | - Jennifer N. Dulin
- Department of Biology, Texas A&M University, College Station, Texas, USA
- Texas A&M Institute for Neuroscience, Texas A&M University, College Station, Texas, USA
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10
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Cherkashova E, Namestnikova D, Leonov G, Gubskiy I, Sukhinich K, Melnikov P, Chekhonin V, Yarygin K, Goldshtein D, Salikhova D. Comparative study of the efficacy of intra-arterial and intravenous transplantation of human induced pluripotent stem cells-derived neural progenitor cells in experimental stroke. PeerJ 2023; 11:e16358. [PMID: 38025691 PMCID: PMC10640846 DOI: 10.7717/peerj.16358] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/28/2023] [Accepted: 10/05/2023] [Indexed: 12/01/2023] Open
Abstract
Background Cell therapy using neural progenitor cells (NPCs) is a promising approach for ischemic stroke treatment according to the results of multiple preclinical studies in animal stroke models. In the vast majority of conducted animal studies, the therapeutic efficacy of NPCs was estimated after intracerebral transplantation, while the information of the effectiveness of systemic administration is limited. Nowadays, several clinical trials aimed to estimate the safety and efficacy of NPCs transplantation in stroke patients were also conducted. In these studies, NPCs were transplanted intracerebrally in the subacute/chronic phase of stroke. The results of clinical trials confirmed the safety of the approach, however, the degree of functional improvement (the primary efficacy endpoint) was not sufficient in the majority of the studies. Therefore, more studies are needed in order to investigate the optimal transplantation parameters, especially the timing of cell transplantation after the stroke onset. This study aimed to evaluate the therapeutic effects of intra-arterial (IA) and intravenous (IV) administration of NPCs derived from induced pluripotent stem cells (iNPCs) in the acute phase of experimental stroke in rats. Induced pluripotent stem cells were chosen as the source of NPCs as this technology is perspective, has no ethical concerns and provides the access to personalized medicine. Methods Human iNPCs were transplanted IA or IV into male Wistar rats 24 h after the middle cerebral artery occlusion stroke modeling. Therapeutic efficacy was monitored for 14 days and evaluated in comparison with the cell transplantation-free control group. Additionally, cell distribution in the brain was assessed. Results The obtained results show that both routes of systemic transplantation (IV and IA) significantly reduced the mortality and improved the neurological deficit of experimental animals compared to the control group. At the same time, according to the MRI data, only IA administration led to faster and prominent reduction of the stroke volume. After IA administration, iNPCs transiently trapped in the brain and were not detected on day 7 after the transplantation. In case of IV injection, transplanted cells were not visualized in the brain. The obtained data demonstrated that the systemic transplantation of human iNPCs in the acute phase of ischemic stroke can be a promising therapeutic strategy.
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Affiliation(s)
- Elvira Cherkashova
- Pirogov Russian National Research Medical University of the Ministry of Healthcare of Russian Federation, Moscow, Russian Federation
- Federal Center of Brain Research and Neurotechnologies of the Federal Medical Biological Agency of Russian Federation, Moscow, Russian Federation
| | - Daria Namestnikova
- Pirogov Russian National Research Medical University of the Ministry of Healthcare of Russian Federation, Moscow, Russian Federation
- Federal Center of Brain Research and Neurotechnologies of the Federal Medical Biological Agency of Russian Federation, Moscow, Russian Federation
| | - Georgiy Leonov
- Orekhovich Research Institute of Biomedical Chemistry of the Russian Academy of Sciences, Moscow, Russian Federation
| | - Ilya Gubskiy
- Pirogov Russian National Research Medical University of the Ministry of Healthcare of Russian Federation, Moscow, Russian Federation
- Federal Center of Brain Research and Neurotechnologies of the Federal Medical Biological Agency of Russian Federation, Moscow, Russian Federation
| | - Kirill Sukhinich
- Orekhovich Research Institute of Biomedical Chemistry of the Russian Academy of Sciences, Moscow, Russian Federation
| | - Pavel Melnikov
- Serbsky Federal Medical Research Centre of Psychiatry and Narcology of the Ministry of Healthcare of Russian Federation, Moscow, Russian Federation
| | - Vladimir Chekhonin
- Pirogov Russian National Research Medical University of the Ministry of Healthcare of Russian Federation, Moscow, Russian Federation
- Serbsky Federal Medical Research Centre of Psychiatry and Narcology of the Ministry of Healthcare of Russian Federation, Moscow, Russian Federation
| | - Konstantin Yarygin
- Orekhovich Research Institute of Biomedical Chemistry of the Russian Academy of Sciences, Moscow, Russian Federation
- Russian Medical Academy of Continuous Professional Education of the Ministry of Healthcare of the Russian Federation, Moscow, Russian Federation
| | | | - Diana Salikhova
- Institute of Molecular and Cellular Medicine, Medical Institute, RUDN University, Moscow, Russian Federation
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11
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Wang Z, Zhang S, Du J, Lachance BB, Chen S, Polster BM, Jia X. Neuroprotection of NSC Therapy is Superior to Glibenclamide in Cardiac Arrest-Induced Brain Injury via Neuroinflammation Regulation. Transl Stroke Res 2023; 14:723-739. [PMID: 35921049 PMCID: PMC9895128 DOI: 10.1007/s12975-022-01047-y] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/15/2022] [Accepted: 06/05/2022] [Indexed: 02/05/2023]
Abstract
Cardiac arrest (CA) is common and devastating, and neuroprotective therapies for brain injury after CA remain limited. Neuroinflammation has been a target for two promising but underdeveloped post-CA therapies: neural stem cell (NSC) engrafting and glibenclamide (GBC). It is critical to understand whether one therapy has superior efficacy over the other and to further understand their immunomodulatory mechanisms. In this study, we aimed to evaluate and compare the therapeutic effects of NSC and GBC therapies post-CA. In in vitro studies, BV2 cells underwent oxygen-glucose deprivation (OGD) for three hours and were then treated with GBC or co-cultured with human NSCs (hNSCs). Microglial polarization phenotype and TLR4/NLRP3 inflammatory pathway proteins were detected by immunofluorescence staining. Twenty-four Wistar rats were randomly assigned to three groups (control, GBC, and hNSCs, N = 8/group). After 8 min of asphyxial CA, GBC was injected intraperitoneally or hNSCs were administered intranasally in the treatment groups. Neurological-deficit scores (NDSs) were assessed at 24, 48, and 72 h after return of spontaneous circulation (ROSC). Immunofluorescence was used to track hNSCs and quantitatively evaluate microglial activation subtype and polarization. The expression of TLR4/NLRP3 pathway-related proteins was quantified via Western blot. The in vitro studies showed the highest proportion of activated BV2 cells with an increased expression of TLR4/NLRP3 signaling proteins were found in the OGD group compared to OGD + GBC and OGD + hNSCs groups. NDS showed significant improvement after CA in hNSC and GBC groups compared to controls, and hNSC treatment was superior to GBC treatment. The hNSC group had more inactive morphology and anti-inflammatory phenotype of microglia. The quantified expression of TLR4/NLRP3 pathway-related proteins was significantly suppressed by both treatments, and the suppression was more significant in the hNSC group compared to the GBC group. hNSC and GBC therapy regulate microglial activation and the neuroinflammatory response in the brain after CA through TLR4/NLRP3 signaling and exert multiple neuroprotective effects, including improved neurological function and shortened time of severe neurological deficit. In addition, hNSCs displayed superior inflammatory regulation over GBC.
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Affiliation(s)
- Zhuoran Wang
- Department of Neurosurgery, University of Maryland School of Medicine, Baltimore, MD, 21201, USA
| | - Shuai Zhang
- Department of Neurosurgery, University of Maryland School of Medicine, Baltimore, MD, 21201, USA
| | - Jian Du
- Department of Neurosurgery, University of Maryland School of Medicine, Baltimore, MD, 21201, USA
| | - Brittany Bolduc Lachance
- Program in Trauma, Department of Neurology, University of Maryland School of Medicine, Baltimore, MD, 21201, USA
| | - Songyu Chen
- Department of Neurosurgery, University of Maryland School of Medicine, Baltimore, MD, 21201, USA
| | - Brian M Polster
- Anesthesiology, University of Maryland School of Medicine, Baltimore, MD, 21201, USA
| | - Xiaofeng Jia
- Department of Neurosurgery, University of Maryland School of Medicine, Baltimore, MD, 21201, USA.
- Orthopedics, University of Maryland School of Medicine, Baltimore, MD, 21201, USA.
- Anatomy and Neurobiology, University of Maryland School of Medicine, Baltimore, MD, 21201, USA.
- Department of Biomedical Engineering, Johns Hopkins University School of Medicine, Baltimore, MD, 21205, USA.
- Anesthesiology and Critical Care Medicine, Johns Hopkins University School of Medicine, Baltimore, MD, 21205, USA.
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12
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Rybachuk O, Nesterenko Y, Pinet É, Medvediev V, Yaminsky Y, Tsymbaliuk V. Neuronal differentiation and inhibition of glial differentiation of murine neural stem cells by pHPMA hydrogel for the repair of injured spinal cord. Exp Neurol 2023; 368:114497. [PMID: 37517459 DOI: 10.1016/j.expneurol.2023.114497] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/15/2023] [Revised: 06/22/2023] [Accepted: 07/23/2023] [Indexed: 08/01/2023]
Abstract
Currently, several therapeutic methods of treating the effects of spinal cord injury (SCI) are being considered. On the one hand, transplantation of stem cells (SCs), in particular, neural stem/progenitor cells (NSPCs), is promising, as these cells have the potential to differentiate into nervous tissue cells, able to enhance endogenous regeneration and prevent the development of inflammatory processes. On the other hand, it is quite promising to replace the damaged nervous tissue with synthetic matrices, in particular hydrogels, which can create artificial conditions for the regenerative growth of injured nerve fibers through the spinal cord injury area, i.e. stimulate and support axonal regeneration and myelination. In this work, we combined both of these novel approaches by populating (injecting or rehydrating) a heteroporous pHPMA hydrogel (NeuroGel) with murine hippocampal NSPCs. Being inside the hydrogel (10 days of cultivation), NSPCs were more differentiated into neurons: 19.48% ± 1.71% (the NSPCs injection into the hydrogel) and 36.49% ± 4.20% (the hydrogel rehydration in the NSPCs suspension); in control cultures, the level of differentiation in neurons was only 2.40% ± 0.31%. Differentiation of NSPCs into glial cells, in particular into oligodendrocyte progenitor cells, was also observed - 8.89% ± 2.15% and 6.21% ± 0.80% for injection and rehydration variants, respectively; in control - 28.75% ± 2.08%. In the control NSPCs culture, there was a small number of astrocytes - 2.11% ± 0.43%. Inside the hydrogel, NSPCs differentiation in astrocytes was not observed. In vitro data showed that the hydrogel promotes the differentiation of NSPCs into neurons, and inhibits the differentiation into glial cells. And in vivo showed post-traumatic recovery of rat spinal cord tissue after injury followed by implantation of the hydrogel+NSPCs complex (approximately 7 months after SCI). The implant area was closely connected with the recipient tissue, and the recipient cells freely grew into the implant itself. Inside the implant, a formed dense neuronal network was visible. In summary, the results are primarily an experimental ground for further studies of implants based on pHPMA hydrogel with populated different origin SCs, and the data also indicate the feasibility and efficiency of using an integrated approach to reduce possible negative side effects and facilitate the rehabilitation process after a SCI.
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Affiliation(s)
- Oksana Rybachuk
- Bogomoletz Institute of Physiology NAS of Ukraine, Kyiv 01601, Ukraine; State Institution National Scientific Center the M.D. Strazhesko Institute of Cardiology, Clinical and Regenerative Medicine, NAMS of Ukraine, Kyiv 03680, Ukraine.
| | - Yuliia Nesterenko
- Bogomoletz Institute of Physiology NAS of Ukraine, Kyiv 01601, Ukraine
| | | | - Volodymyr Medvediev
- Bogomoletz Institute of Physiology NAS of Ukraine, Kyiv 01601, Ukraine; Bogomolets National Medical University, Kyiv 01601, Ukraine
| | - Yurii Yaminsky
- State Institution "Romodanov Neurosurgery Institute, National Academy of Medical Sciences of Ukraine", Kyiv 04050, Ukraine
| | - Vitaliy Tsymbaliuk
- Bogomolets National Medical University, Kyiv 01601, Ukraine; State Institution "Romodanov Neurosurgery Institute, National Academy of Medical Sciences of Ukraine", Kyiv 04050, Ukraine
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13
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Li K, Peng L, Xing Q, Zuo X, Huang W, Zhan L, Li H, Sun W, Zhong X, Zhu T, Pan G, Xu E. Transplantation of hESCs-Derived Neural Progenitor Cells Alleviates Secondary Damage of Thalamus After Focal Cerebral Infarction in Rats. Stem Cells Transl Med 2023; 12:553-568. [PMID: 37399126 PMCID: PMC10428088 DOI: 10.1093/stcltm/szad037] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/16/2022] [Accepted: 06/04/2023] [Indexed: 07/05/2023] Open
Abstract
Human embryonic stem cells-derived neural progenitor cells (hESCs-NPCs) transplantation holds great potential to treat stroke. We previously reported that delayed secondary degeneration occurs in the ventroposterior nucleus (VPN) of ipsilateral thalamus after distal branch of middle cerebral artery occlusion (dMCAO) in adult male Sprague-Dawley (SD) rats. In this study, we investigate whether hESCs-NPCs would benefit the neural recovery of the secondary damage in the VPN after focal cerebral infarction. Permanent dMCAO was performed with electrocoagulation. Rats were randomized into Sham, dMCAO groups with or without hESCs-NPCs treatment. HESCs-NPCs were engrafted into the peri-infarct regions of rats at 48 h after dMCAO. The transplanted hESCs-NPCs survive and partially differentiate into mature neurons after dMCAO. Notably, hESCs-NPCs transplantation attenuated secondary damage of ipsilateral VPN and improved neurological functions of rats after dMCAO. Moreover, hESCs-NPCs transplantation significantly enhanced the expression of BDNF and TrkB and their interaction in ipsilateral VPN after dMCAO, which was reversed by the knockdown of TrkB. Transplantated hESCs-NPCs reconstituted thalamocortical connection and promoted the formation of synapses in ipsilateral VPN post-dMCAO. These results suggest that hESCs-NPCs transplantation attenuates secondary damage of ipsilateral thalamus after cortical infarction, possibly through activating BDNF/TrkB pathway, enhancing thalamocortical projection, and promoting synaptic formation. It provides a promising therapeutic strategy for secondary degeneration in the ipsilateral thalamus post-dMCAO.
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Affiliation(s)
- Kongping Li
- Institute of Neurosciences and Department of Neurology of the Second Affiliated Hospital of Guangzhou Medical University, Guangzhou, Guangdong, People’s Republic of China
- CAS Key Laboratory of Regenerative Biology, Joint School of Life Sciences, The Affiliated Brain Hospital of Guangzhou Medical University, Guangzhou, Guangdong, People’s Republic of China
| | - Linhui Peng
- Institute of Neurosciences and Department of Neurology of the Second Affiliated Hospital of Guangzhou Medical University, Guangzhou, Guangdong, People’s Republic of China
| | - Qi Xing
- Department of Neurology, Guangzhou Institutes of Biomedicine and Health, Chinese Academy of Sciences, 190 Kaiyuan Avenue, Science Park, Guangdong, People’s Republic of China
| | - Xialin Zuo
- Institute of Neurosciences and Department of Neurology of the Second Affiliated Hospital of Guangzhou Medical University, Guangzhou, Guangdong, People’s Republic of China
| | - Wenhao Huang
- Department of Neurology, Guangzhou Institutes of Biomedicine and Health, Chinese Academy of Sciences, 190 Kaiyuan Avenue, Science Park, Guangdong, People’s Republic of China
| | - Lixuan Zhan
- Institute of Neurosciences and Department of Neurology of the Second Affiliated Hospital of Guangzhou Medical University, Guangzhou, Guangdong, People’s Republic of China
| | - Heying Li
- Department of Neurology, Guangzhou Institutes of Biomedicine and Health, Chinese Academy of Sciences, 190 Kaiyuan Avenue, Science Park, Guangdong, People’s Republic of China
| | - Weiwen Sun
- Institute of Neurosciences and Department of Neurology of the Second Affiliated Hospital of Guangzhou Medical University, Guangzhou, Guangdong, People’s Republic of China
| | - Xiaofen Zhong
- Department of Neurology, Guangzhou Institutes of Biomedicine and Health, Chinese Academy of Sciences, 190 Kaiyuan Avenue, Science Park, Guangdong, People’s Republic of China
| | - Tieshi Zhu
- Institute of Neurosciences and Department of Neurology of the Second Affiliated Hospital of Guangzhou Medical University, Guangzhou, Guangdong, People’s Republic of China
| | - Guangjin Pan
- Department of Neurology, Guangzhou Institutes of Biomedicine and Health, Chinese Academy of Sciences, 190 Kaiyuan Avenue, Science Park, Guangdong, People’s Republic of China
| | - En Xu
- Institute of Neurosciences and Department of Neurology of the Second Affiliated Hospital of Guangzhou Medical University, Guangzhou, Guangdong, People’s Republic of China
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14
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Croteau LP, Risner ML, Wareham LK, McGrady NR, Chamling X, Zack DJ, Calkins DJ. Ex Vivo Integration of Human Stem Retinal Ganglion Cells into the Mouse Retina. Cells 2022; 11:cells11203241. [PMID: 36291110 PMCID: PMC9600680 DOI: 10.3390/cells11203241] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/21/2022] [Revised: 10/04/2022] [Accepted: 10/13/2022] [Indexed: 11/16/2022] Open
Abstract
Cell replacement therapies may be key in achieving functional recovery in neurodegenerative optic neuropathies diseases such as glaucoma. One strategy that holds promise in this regard is the use of human embryonic stem cell and induced pluripotent stem-derived retinal ganglion cells (hRGCs). Previous hRGC transplantation studies have shown modest success. This is in part due to the low survival and integration of the transplanted cells in the host retina. The field is further challenged by mixed assays and outcome measurements that probe and determine transplantation success. Thefore, we have devised a transplantation assay involving hRGCs and mouse retina explants that bypasses physical barriers imposed by retinal membranes. We show that hRGC neurites and somas are capable of invading mouse explants with a subset of hRGC neurites being guided by mouse RGC axons. Neonatal mouse retina explants, and to a lesser extent, adult explants, promote hRGC integrity and neurite outgrowth. Using this assay, we tested whether suppmenting cultures with brain derived neurotrophic factor (BDNF) and the adenylate cyclase activator, forskolin, enhances hRGC neurite integration, neurite outgrowth, and integrity. We show that supplementing cultures with a combination BDNF and forskolin strongly favors hRGC integrity, increasing neurite outgrowth and complexity as well as the invasion of mouse explants. The transplantation assay presented here is a practical tool for investigating strategies for testing and optimizing the integration of donor cells into host tissues.
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Affiliation(s)
- Louis-Philippe Croteau
- Department of Ophthalmology and Visual Sciences, Vanderbilt Eye Institute, Vanderbilt University Medical Center, Nashville, TN 37232, USA
| | - Michael L. Risner
- Department of Ophthalmology and Visual Sciences, Vanderbilt Eye Institute, Vanderbilt University Medical Center, Nashville, TN 37232, USA
| | - Lauren K. Wareham
- Department of Ophthalmology and Visual Sciences, Vanderbilt Eye Institute, Vanderbilt University Medical Center, Nashville, TN 37232, USA
| | - Nolan R. McGrady
- Department of Ophthalmology and Visual Sciences, Vanderbilt Eye Institute, Vanderbilt University Medical Center, Nashville, TN 37232, USA
| | - Xitiz Chamling
- Department of Ophthalmology, Wilmer Eye Institute, Johns Hopkins University School of Medicine, Baltimore, MD 21287, USA
| | - Donald J. Zack
- Department of Ophthalmology, Wilmer Eye Institute, Johns Hopkins University School of Medicine, Baltimore, MD 21287, USA
- Department of Genetic Medicine, Johns Hopkins University School of Medicine, Baltimore, MD 21287, USA
- The Solomon H. Snyder Department of Neuroscience, Johns Hopkins University School of Medicine, Baltimore, MD 21205, USA
- Department of Molecular Biology and Genetics, Johns Hopkins University School of Medicine, Baltimore, MD 21287, USA
| | - David J. Calkins
- Department of Ophthalmology and Visual Sciences, Vanderbilt Eye Institute, Vanderbilt University Medical Center, Nashville, TN 37232, USA
- Correspondence:
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15
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Chen F, Zhang Z, Wang LN, Yang X, Zhou CG, Zhu C, Wang L, Liu LM, Song YM. Transplantation of NEP1-40 and NT-3 Gene-Co-Transduced Neural Stem Cells Improves Function and Neurogenesis after Spinal Cord Injury in a Rat Model. Neurol India 2022; 70:S251-S258. [PMID: 36412377 DOI: 10.4103/0028-3886.360942] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/16/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Spinal cord injury (SCI) generally results in necrosis, scarring, cavitation, and a release of inhibitory molecules of the nervous system, which lead to disruption of neurotransmission and impede nerve fiber regeneration. This study was intended to evaluate the therapeutic efficacy rates of the transplantation of NEP1-40- and NT-3 gene-co-transduced neural stem cells (NSCs) in a rat model of SCI. METHODS Ninety Sprague-Dawley rats were subdivided randomly into six groups: sham-operated, SCI model, SCI + NSCs-NC, SCI + NEP1-40-NSCs, SCI + NT-3-NSCs, and SCI + NEP1-40/NT-3-NSCs. Motor function at different time points was evaluated using the Basso, Beattie, and Bresnahan locomotor activity scoring system (BBB). At 8 weeks post-transplantation, histological analysis, a terminal deoxynucleotidyl transferase-mediated dUTP nick-end labeling (TUNEL) assay, immunofluorescent assay, immunocytochemical staining, and cholera toxin subunit B (CTB) retrograde tracing were performed. RESULTS BBB scores of the co-transduction group significantly surpassed those of other transplantation groups and of the SCI-model group after 2 weeks post-transplantation. The apoptotic rate of neurocytes was significantly lower in the co-transduction group than in other experimental groups. Expression of NF-200, MBP, and ChAT was significantly higher in the SCI + NEP1-40/NT-3-NSCs group than in other transplantation groups, whereas the expression of GFAP and GAD67 was the second lowest after the sham-operated group. CTB retrograde tracing showed that CTB-positive neural fibers on the caudal side of the hemisected site were more numerous in the SCI + NEP1-40/NT-3-NSCs group than in other experimental groups. CONCLUSION Transplantation of NEP1-40- and NT-3-gene-co-transduced NSCs can modify the protein expression following acute SCI and promote neuron formation and axonal regeneration, thus having a neuroprotective effect. Furthermore, this effect surpasses that of transplantation of single-gene-transduced NSCs. Transplantation of NEP1-40- and NT-3-gene-co-transduced NSCs is effective at the neural recovery of the rat model of SCI and may be a novel strategy for clinical treatment of SCI.
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Affiliation(s)
- Feng Chen
- Department of Orthopedic Surgery and Orthopedic Research Institute, West China Hospital, Sichuan University, No. 37, Guoxue Road, Chengdu, Sichuan 610041, People's Republic of China
| | - Zhuang Zhang
- Department of Orthopedic Surgery and Orthopedic Research Institute, West China Hospital, Sichuan University, No. 37, Guoxue Road, Chengdu, Sichuan 610041, People's Republic of China
| | - Lin-Nan Wang
- Department of Orthopedic Surgery and Orthopedic Research Institute, West China Hospital, Sichuan University, No. 37, Guoxue Road, Chengdu, Sichuan 610041, People's Republic of China
| | - Xi Yang
- Department of Orthopedic Surgery and Orthopedic Research Institute, West China Hospital, Sichuan University, No. 37, Guoxue Road, Chengdu, Sichuan 610041, People's Republic of China
| | - Chun-Guang Zhou
- Department of Orthopedic Surgery and Orthopedic Research Institute, West China Hospital, Sichuan University, No. 37, Guoxue Road, Chengdu, Sichuan 610041, People's Republic of China
| | - Ce Zhu
- Department of Orthopedic Surgery and Orthopedic Research Institute, West China Hospital, Sichuan University, No. 37, Guoxue Road, Chengdu, Sichuan 610041, People's Republic of China
| | - Lei Wang
- Department of Orthopedic Surgery and Orthopedic Research Institute, West China Hospital, Sichuan University, No. 37, Guoxue Road, Chengdu, Sichuan 610041, People's Republic of China
| | - Li-Min Liu
- Department of Orthopedic Surgery and Orthopedic Research Institute, West China Hospital, Sichuan University, No. 37, Guoxue Road, Chengdu, Sichuan 610041, People's Republic of China
| | - Yue-Ming Song
- Department of Orthopedic Surgery and Orthopedic Research Institute, West China Hospital, Sichuan University, No. 37, Guoxue Road, Chengdu, Sichuan 610041, People's Republic of China
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16
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Valenzuela M, Duncan T, Abey A, Johnson A, Boulamatsis C, Dalton MA, Jacobson E, Brunel L, Child G, Simpson D, Buckland M, Lowe A, Siette J, Westbrook F, McGreevy P. Autologous skin-derived neural precursor cell therapy reverses canine Alzheimer dementia-like syndrome in a proof of concept veterinary trial. Stem Cell Res Ther 2022; 13:261. [PMID: 35715872 PMCID: PMC9205057 DOI: 10.1186/s13287-022-02933-w] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/30/2022] [Accepted: 06/01/2022] [Indexed: 11/10/2022] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Older companion dogs naturally develop a dementia-like syndrome with biological, clinical and therapeutic similarities to Alzheimer disease (AD). Given there has been no new safe, clinically effective and widely accessible treatment for AD for almost 20 years, an all-new cell therapeutic approach was trialled in canine veterinary patients, and further modelled in aged rats for more detailed neurobiological analysis. METHODS A Phase 1/2A veterinary trial was conducted in N = 6 older companion dogs with definitive diagnosis of Canine Cognitive Dysfunction (CCD). Treatment comprised direct microinjection of 250,000 autologous skin-derived neuroprecursors (SKNs) into the bilateral hippocampus using MRI-guided stereotaxis. Safety was assessed clinically and efficacy using the validated Canine Cognitive Dysfunction Rating Scale (CCDR) at baseline and 3-month post treatment. Intention to treat analysis imputed a single patient that had a surgical adverse event requiring euthanasia. Three dog brains were donated following natural death and histology carried out to quantify Alzheimer pathology as well as immature neurons and synapses; these were compared to a brain bank (N = 12) of untreated aged dogs with and without CCD. Further, an age-related memory dysfunction rat model (N = 16) was used to more closely evaluate intrahippocampal engraftment of canine SKN cells, focusing on mnemonic and synaptic effects as well as donor cell survival, neurodifferentation and electrophysiologic circuit integration in a live hippocampal slice preparation. RESULTS Four out-of-five dogs improved on the primary clinical CCDR endpoint, three fell below diagnostic threshold, and remarkably, two underwent full syndromal reversal lasting up to 2 years. At post mortem, synaptic density in the hippocampus specifically was nine standard deviations above non-treated dogs, and intensity of new neurons also several fold higher. There was no impact on AD pathology or long-term safety signals. Modelling in aged rats replicated the main canine trial findings: hippocampally-dependent place memory deficits were reversed and synaptic depletion rescued. In addition, this model confirmed donor cell survival and migration throughout the hippocampus, neuronal differentiation in situ, and physiologically-correct integration into pyramidal layer circuits. CONCLUSIONS With further development, SKN cell therapy may have potential for treating carefully chosen AD patients based on neurosynaptic restoration in the hippocampus.
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Affiliation(s)
- Michael Valenzuela
- Skin2Neuron Pty Ltd, Sydney, Australia.
- University of New South Wales, Sydney, Australia.
| | - T Duncan
- University of New South Wales, Sydney, Australia
| | - A Abey
- University of Sydney, Sydney, Australia
| | - A Johnson
- Skin2Neuron Pty Ltd, Sydney, Australia
| | | | | | - E Jacobson
- Sydney Children's Hospital, Sydney, Australia
| | - L Brunel
- University of Sydney, Sydney, Australia
| | - G Child
- University of Sydney, Sydney, Australia
| | - D Simpson
- Animal Referral Hospital Homebush, Sydney, Australia
| | - M Buckland
- University of Sydney, Sydney, Australia
- Royal Prince Alfred Hospital, Sydney, Australia
| | - A Lowe
- University of New South Wales, Sydney, Australia
| | - J Siette
- Western Sydney University, Sydney, Australia
| | - F Westbrook
- University of New South Wales, Sydney, Australia
| | - P McGreevy
- University of New England, Armidale, Australia
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17
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Kim CK, Won JS, An JY, Lee HJ, Nam AJ, Nam H, Lee JY, Lee KH, Lee SH, Joo KM. Significant Therapeutic Effects of Adult Human Neural Stem Cells for Spinal Cord Injury Are Mediated by Monocyte Chemoattractant Protein-1 (MCP-1). Int J Mol Sci 2022; 23:ijms23084267. [PMID: 35457084 PMCID: PMC9029183 DOI: 10.3390/ijms23084267] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/17/2022] [Revised: 03/31/2022] [Accepted: 04/11/2022] [Indexed: 12/11/2022] Open
Abstract
The limited capability of regeneration in the human central nervous system leads to severe and permanent disabilities following spinal cord injury (SCI) while patients suffer from no viable treatment option. Adult human neural stem cells (ahNSCs) are unique cells derived from the adult human brain, which have the essential characteristics of NSCs. The objective of this study was to characterize the therapeutic effects of ahNSCs isolated from the temporal lobes of focal cortical dysplasia type IIIa for SCI and to elucidate their treatment mechanisms. Results showed that the recovery of motor functions was significantly improved in groups transplanted with ahNSCs, where, in damaged regions of spinal cords, the numbers of both spread and regenerated nerve fibers were observed to be higher than the vehicle group. In addition, the distance between neuronal nuclei in damaged spinal cord tissue was significantly closer in treatment groups than the vehicle group. Based on an immunohistochemistry analysis, those neuroprotective effects of ahNSCs in SCI were found to be mediated by inhibiting apoptosis of spinal cord neurons. Moreover, the analysis of the conditioned medium (CM) of ahNSCs revealed that such neuroprotective effects were mediated by paracrine effects with various types of cytokines released from ahNSCs, where monocyte chemoattractant protein-1 (MCP-1, also known as CCL2) was identified as a key paracrine mediator. These results of ahNSCs could be utilized further in the preclinical and clinical development of effective and safe cell therapeutics for SCI, with no available therapeutic options at present.
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Affiliation(s)
- Chung Kwon Kim
- Medical Innovation Technology Inc. (MEDINNO Inc.), Ace High-End Tower Classic 26, Seoul 08517, Korea; (C.K.K.); (J.-S.W.); (H.N.)
- Biomedical Institute for Convergence at SKKU (BICS), Sungkyunkwan University, Suwon 16419, Korea
| | - Jeong-Seob Won
- Medical Innovation Technology Inc. (MEDINNO Inc.), Ace High-End Tower Classic 26, Seoul 08517, Korea; (C.K.K.); (J.-S.W.); (H.N.)
- Stem Cell and Regenerative Medicine Institute, Research Institute for Future Medicine, Samsung Medical Center, Seoul 06351, Korea
- Single Cell Network Research Center, Sungkyunkwan University School of Medicine, Suwon 16419, Korea; (H.J.L.); (K.-H.L.)
- Department of Health Sciences and Technology, SAIHST, Sungkyunkwan University, Seoul 06351, Korea
| | - Jae Yeol An
- Department of Anatomy, Seoul National University College of Medicine, Seoul 03880, Korea; (J.Y.A.); (J.Y.L.)
- Healthcare Division, Partners Investment Co., Ltd., Seoul 06152, Korea
| | - Ho Jin Lee
- Single Cell Network Research Center, Sungkyunkwan University School of Medicine, Suwon 16419, Korea; (H.J.L.); (K.-H.L.)
- Department of Anatomy & Cell Biology, Sungkyunkwan University School of Medicine, Suwon 16419, Korea;
| | - Ah-Jin Nam
- Department of Anatomy & Cell Biology, Sungkyunkwan University School of Medicine, Suwon 16419, Korea;
| | - Hyun Nam
- Medical Innovation Technology Inc. (MEDINNO Inc.), Ace High-End Tower Classic 26, Seoul 08517, Korea; (C.K.K.); (J.-S.W.); (H.N.)
- Stem Cell and Regenerative Medicine Institute, Research Institute for Future Medicine, Samsung Medical Center, Seoul 06351, Korea
- Single Cell Network Research Center, Sungkyunkwan University School of Medicine, Suwon 16419, Korea; (H.J.L.); (K.-H.L.)
- Department of Anatomy & Cell Biology, Sungkyunkwan University School of Medicine, Suwon 16419, Korea;
- Department of Neurosurgery, Samsung Medical Center, Sungkyunkwan University School of Medicine, Seoul 06351, Korea
| | - Ji Yeoun Lee
- Department of Anatomy, Seoul National University College of Medicine, Seoul 03880, Korea; (J.Y.A.); (J.Y.L.)
- Division of Pediatric Neurosurgery, Seoul National University Children’s Hospital, Seoul 03080, Korea
| | - Kyung-Hoon Lee
- Single Cell Network Research Center, Sungkyunkwan University School of Medicine, Suwon 16419, Korea; (H.J.L.); (K.-H.L.)
- Department of Anatomy & Cell Biology, Sungkyunkwan University School of Medicine, Suwon 16419, Korea;
| | - Sun-Ho Lee
- Stem Cell and Regenerative Medicine Institute, Research Institute for Future Medicine, Samsung Medical Center, Seoul 06351, Korea
- Department of Health Sciences and Technology, SAIHST, Sungkyunkwan University, Seoul 06351, Korea
- Department of Neurosurgery, Samsung Medical Center, Sungkyunkwan University School of Medicine, Seoul 06351, Korea
- Correspondence: (S.-H.L.); (K.M.J.); Tel.: +82-2-3410-2457 (S.-H.L.); +82-31-299-6073 (K.M.J.); Fax: +82-2-3410-0048 (S.-H.L.); +82-31-299-6029 (K.M.J.)
| | - Kyeung Min Joo
- Medical Innovation Technology Inc. (MEDINNO Inc.), Ace High-End Tower Classic 26, Seoul 08517, Korea; (C.K.K.); (J.-S.W.); (H.N.)
- Biomedical Institute for Convergence at SKKU (BICS), Sungkyunkwan University, Suwon 16419, Korea
- Stem Cell and Regenerative Medicine Institute, Research Institute for Future Medicine, Samsung Medical Center, Seoul 06351, Korea
- Single Cell Network Research Center, Sungkyunkwan University School of Medicine, Suwon 16419, Korea; (H.J.L.); (K.-H.L.)
- Department of Health Sciences and Technology, SAIHST, Sungkyunkwan University, Seoul 06351, Korea
- Department of Anatomy & Cell Biology, Sungkyunkwan University School of Medicine, Suwon 16419, Korea;
- Correspondence: (S.-H.L.); (K.M.J.); Tel.: +82-2-3410-2457 (S.-H.L.); +82-31-299-6073 (K.M.J.); Fax: +82-2-3410-0048 (S.-H.L.); +82-31-299-6029 (K.M.J.)
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18
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Abstract
STUDY DESIGN Laboratory study using a rat T9 contusion model of spinal cord injury. OBJECTIVE This study aims to examine whether a combinatory treatment of Pioglitazone (PGZ) and granulocyte colony-stimulating factor (GCSF) can support neural stem/progenitor cells (NSPCs) directly and provide a sustainable microenvironment through immunomodulatory mechanisms. SUMMARY OF BACKGROUND DATA Neuroinflammation plays a crucial role in the progression of spinal cord injury (SCI) and hinders NSPC-mediated repair and regeneration. Broad acting drugs that mitigate inflammation and support NSPC proliferation have not been tested together in SCI research models. METHODS Isolated NSPCs were treated with vehicle control, PGZ, GCSF, or both PGZ and GSCF for 24 hours and stained with proliferation marker Ki67. Adult female Sprague-Dawley rats sustained moderate-to-severe contusion-based SCI at T9 and were administered either vehicle control, PGZ, GCSF, or both PGZ and GCSF treatments. RESULTS Immunocytochemistry revealed that cultured NSPCs treated with both drugs produced higher numbers of actively proliferating cells and total cell numbers. ELISA on spinal cord tissue lysates at 1, 3, and 7 days post-injury (DPI) demonstrated that animals treated with PGZ, GCSF, or combination therapy showed significantly higher doublecortin levels at 7 DPI compared to control animals (P < 0.05). Immunohistochemistry of injured tissue at 3, 7, and 14 DPI revealed no difference of ependymal NSPC proliferation between groups, but showed a significant decrease in lesion size with combination therapy compared to controls. Functional recovery was assessed by the Basso, Beattie, Bresnahan locomotor rating scale. Animals treated with both drugs had significantly higher levels of function at 1 (P < 0.001), 3 (P < 0.001), 7 (P < 0.05), and 14 (P < 0.05) DPI compared to controls. CONCLUSION These results indicate that PGZ and GCSF treatment synergistically enhance NSPCs numbers and improve functional recovery after SCI. Our findings support an immunomodulatory strategy to recruit native NSPCs as a potential acute care intervention for SCI.Level of Evidence: N/A.
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Affiliation(s)
- Zachary K Zabarsky
- Wake Forest School of Medicine, Department of Orthopaedic Surgery, Winston-Salem, NC
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19
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Wei N, Li C, Zhu Y, Zheng P, Hu R, Chen J. Fluoxetine regulates the neuronal differentiation of neural stem cells transplanted into rat brains after stroke by increasing the 5HT level. Neurosci Lett 2022; 772:136447. [PMID: 35007690 DOI: 10.1016/j.neulet.2022.136447] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/22/2021] [Revised: 12/09/2021] [Accepted: 01/04/2022] [Indexed: 02/05/2023]
Abstract
Fluoxetine, a 5-HT uptake inhibitor, has been adopted for the treatment of post-stroke depression in recent years. It has been confirmed to induce neuronal regeneration in vivo, but its effect on inducing stem cell differentiation after transplantation has not yet been verified. To evaluate its regulatory effect on stem cell differentiation, fluoxetine was used in this study to treat rats with cerebral ischemia after neural stem cell (NSC) transplantation. The results showed that the proportion of NSCs differentiating into neurons significantly increased after fluoxetine treatment. In NSC adherent culture, the addition of 5-HT but not of fluoxetine significantly increased the neuronal differentiation ratio of NSCs. Moreover, the addition of 5-HT2A or 5-HT3A antagonists inhibited this effect. In addition, Western blotting revealed that the increase in 5-HT inhibited ERK2 phosphorylation and upregulated neurogenin1 expression. In conclusion, fluoxetine increased the 5-HT level and promoted neuronal differentiation, thereby upregulating neurogenin1 expression and downregulating ERK2 phosphorylation.
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Affiliation(s)
- Naili Wei
- Department of Neurosurgery, The First Affiliated Hospital of Shantou University Medical College, 515041 Guangdong, China
| | - Ce Li
- Department of Rehabilitation Medicine, Huashan Hospital, Fudan University, 200040 Shanghai, China
| | - Yulian Zhu
- Department of Rehabilitation Medicine, Huashan Hospital, Fudan University, 200040 Shanghai, China
| | - Peiqi Zheng
- Department of Neurosurgery, The First Affiliated Hospital of Shantou University Medical College, 515041 Guangdong, China
| | - Ruiping Hu
- Department of Rehabilitation Medicine, Huashan Hospital, Fudan University, 200040 Shanghai, China
| | - Jian Chen
- Department of Neurosurgery, The First Affiliated Hospital of Shantou University Medical College, 515041 Guangdong, China
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20
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Gomez J, Holmes N, Hansen A, Adhikarla V, Gutova M, Rockne RC, Cho H. Mathematical modeling of therapeutic neural stem cell migration in mouse brain with and without brain tumors. Math Biosci Eng 2022; 19:2592-2615. [PMID: 35240798 PMCID: PMC8958926 DOI: 10.3934/mbe.2022119] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/14/2023]
Abstract
Neural stem cells (NSCs) offer a potential solution to treating brain tumors. This is because NSCs can circumvent the blood-brain barrier and migrate to areas of damage in the central nervous system, including tumors, stroke, and wound injuries. However, for successful clinical application of NSC treatment, a sufficient number of viable cells must reach the diseased or damaged area(s) in the brain, and evidence suggests that it may be affected by the paths the NSCs take through the brain, as well as the locations of tumors. To study the NSC migration in brain, we develop a mathematical model of therapeutic NSC migration towards brain tumor, that provides a low cost platform to investigate NSC treatment efficacy. Our model is an extension of the model developed in Rockne et al. (PLoS ONE 13, e0199967, 2018) that considers NSC migration in non-tumor bearing naive mouse brain. Here we modify the model in Rockne et al. in three ways: (i) we consider three-dimensional mouse brain geometry, (ii) we add chemotaxis to model the tumor-tropic nature of NSCs into tumor sites, and (iii) we model stochasticity of migration speed and chemosensitivity. The proposed model is used to study migration patterns of NSCs to sites of tumors for different injection strategies, in particular, intranasal and intracerebral delivery. We observe that intracerebral injection results in more NSCs arriving at the tumor site(s), but the relative fraction of NSCs depends on the location of injection relative to the target site(s). On the other hand, intranasal injection results in fewer NSCs at the tumor site, but yields a more even distribution of NSCs within and around the target tumor site(s).
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Affiliation(s)
- Justin Gomez
- Department of Mathematics, University of California, Riverside, Riverside, CA 92521, USA
| | - Nathanael Holmes
- Department of Mathematics, University of California, Riverside, Riverside, CA 92521, USA
| | - Austin Hansen
- Department of Mathematics, University of California, Riverside, Riverside, CA 92521, USA
| | - Vikram Adhikarla
- Division of Mathematical Oncology, Department of Computational and Quantitative Medicine, Beckman Research Institute, City of Hope National Medical Center, Duarte, CA 91010, USA
| | - Margarita Gutova
- Department of Stem Cell Biology and Regenerative Medicine, Beckman Research Institute, City of Hope National Medical Center, Duarte, CA 91010, USA
| | - Russell C. Rockne
- Division of Mathematical Oncology, Department of Computational and Quantitative Medicine, Beckman Research Institute, City of Hope National Medical Center, Duarte, CA 91010, USA
| | - Heyrim Cho
- Department of Mathematics, University of California, Riverside, Riverside, CA 92521, USA
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21
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Hamblin MH, Murad R, Yin J, Vallim G, Lee JP. Modulation of gene expression on a transcriptome-wide level following human neural stem cell transplantation in aged mouse stroke brains. Exp Neurol 2022; 347:113913. [PMID: 34752785 PMCID: PMC8647207 DOI: 10.1016/j.expneurol.2021.113913] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/12/2021] [Revised: 10/29/2021] [Accepted: 11/01/2021] [Indexed: 01/19/2023]
Abstract
INTRODUCTION Neural stem cell (NSC) transplantation offers great potential for treating ischemic stroke. Clinically, ischemia followed by reperfusion results in robust cerebrovascular injury that upregulates proinflammatory factors, disrupts neurovascular units, and causes brain cell death. NSCs possess multiple actions that can be exploited for reducing the severity of neurovascular injury. Our previous studies in young adult mice showed that human NSC transplantation during the subacute stage diminishes stroke pathophysiology and improves behavioral outcome. METHODS We employed a well-established and commonly used stroke model, middle cerebral artery occlusion with subsequent reperfusion (MCAO/R). Here, we assessed the outcomes of hNSC transplantation 48 h post-MCAO (24 h post-transplant) in aged mouse brains in response to stroke because aging is a crucial risk factor for cerebral ischemia. Next, we tested whether administration of the integrin α5β1 inhibitor, ATN-161, prior to hNSC transplantation further affects stoke outcome as compared with NSCs alone. RNA sequencing (RNA-seq) was used to assess the impact of hNSC transplantation on differentially expressed genes (DEGs) on a transcriptome-wide level. RESULTS Here, we report that hNSC-engrafted brains with or without ATN-161 showed significantly reduced infarct size, and attenuated the induction of proinflammatory factors and matrix metalloproteases. RNA-seq analysis revealed DEGs and molecular pathways by which hNSCs induce a beneficial post-stroke outcome in aged stroke brains. 811 genes were differentially expressed (651 downregulated and 160 upregulated) in hNSC-engrafted stroke brains. Functional pathway analysis identified enriched and depleted pathways in hNSC-engrafted aged mouse stroke brains. Depletion of pathways following hNSC-engraftment included signaling involving neuroinflammation, acute phase response, leukocyte extravasation, and phagosome formation. On the other hand, enrichment of pathways in hNSC-engrafted brains was associated with PPAR signaling, LXR/RXR activation, and inhibition of matrix metalloproteases. Hierarchical cluster analysis of DEGs in hNSC-engrafted brains indicate decreased expression of genes encoding TNF receptors, proinflammatory factors, apoptosis factors, adhesion and leukocyte extravasation, and Toll-like receptors. CONCLUSIONS Our study is the first to show global transcripts differentially expressed following hNSC transplantation in the subacute phase of stroke in aged mice. The outcome of our transcriptome study would be useful to develop new therapies ameliorating early-stage stroke injury.
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Affiliation(s)
- Milton H Hamblin
- Tulane University Health Sciences Center, Tulane University, New Orleans, LA 70112, USA.
| | - Rabi Murad
- Bioinformatics, Sanford Burnham Prebys Medical Discovery Institute, La Jolla, CA 92037, USA
| | - Jun Yin
- Bioinformatics, Sanford Burnham Prebys Medical Discovery Institute, La Jolla, CA 92037, USA
| | - Gustavo Vallim
- Department of Physiology, Tulane University School of Medicine, New Orleans, LA 70112, USA
| | - Jean-Pyo Lee
- Department of Physiology, Tulane University School of Medicine, New Orleans, LA 70112, USA.
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22
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Abstract
Traumatic injury of the central nervous system (CNS) is a worldwide health problem affecting millions of people. Trauma of the CNS, that is, traumatic brain injury (TBI) and spinal cord injury (SCI), lead to massive and progressive cell loss and axonal degeneration, usually with very limited regeneration. At present, there are no treatments to protect injured CNS tissue or to replace the lost tissue. Stem cells are a cell type that by definition can self-renew and give rise to multiple cell lineages. In recent years, therapies using stem and progenitor cells have shown promising effects in experimental CNS trauma, particularly in the acute-subacute stage, but also in chronic injuries. However, the therapeutic mechanisms by which transplanted cells achieve the structural and/or functional improvements are often not clear. Stem cell therapies for CNS trauma can be categorized into 2 main concepts, transplantation of exogenous neural stem cells and neural progenitor cells and recruitment of endogenous stem and progenitor cells. In this review, focusing on the advances during the last decade, we will discuss the major cell therapies, the pros and cons of these 2 concepts for TBI and SCI, and the treatment strategies we believe will be successful.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xiaofei Li
- Department of Neurobiology, Care Sciences and Society, Karolinska Institutet, Stockholm, Sweden
| | - Erik Sundström
- Department of Neurobiology, Care Sciences and Society, Karolinska Institutet, Stockholm, Sweden
- Corresponding author: Erik Sundström, Department of Neurobiology, Care Sciences and Society (NVS), BioClinicum J9:20, Karolinska University Hospital, S17164 Solna, Sweden.
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23
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Yang FC, Vivian JL, Traxler C, Shapiro SM, Stanford JA. MGE-Like Neural Progenitor Cell Survival and Expression of Parvalbumin and Proenkephalin in a Jaundiced Rat Model of Kernicterus. Cell Transplant 2022; 31:9636897221101116. [PMID: 35596532 PMCID: PMC9125107 DOI: 10.1177/09636897221101116] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/22/2021] [Revised: 02/27/2022] [Accepted: 04/26/2022] [Indexed: 11/28/2022] Open
Abstract
Kernicterus is a permanent condition caused by brain damage from bilirubin toxicity. Dystonia is one of the most debilitating symptoms of kernicterus and results from damage to the globus pallidus (GP). One potential therapeutic strategy to treat dystonia in kernicterus is to replace lost GP neurons and restore basal ganglia circuits through stem cell transplantation. Toward this end, we differentiated human embryonic stem cells (hESCs) into medial ganglion eminence (MGE; the embryological origin of most of the GP neurons)-like neural precursor cells (NPCs). We determined neurochemical phenotype in cell culture and after transplanting into the GP of jaundiced Gunn rats. We also determined grafted cell survival as well as migration, distribution, and morphology after transplantation. As in the GP, most cultured MGE-like NPCs expressed γ-aminobutyric acid (GABA), with some co-expressing markers for parvalbumin (PV) and others expressing markers for pro-enkephalin (PENK). MGE-like NPCs survived in brains at least 7 weeks after transplantation, with most aggregating near the injection site. Grafted cells expressed GABA and PV or PENK as in the normal GP. Although survival was low and the maturity of grafted cells varied, many cells produced neurite outgrowth. While promising, our results suggest the need to further optimize the differentiation protocol for MGE-like NPC for potential use in treating dystonia in kernicterus.
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Affiliation(s)
- Fu-Chen Yang
- Department of Molecular and Integrative Physiology, The University of Kansas Medical Center, Kansas City, KS, USA
| | - Jay L. Vivian
- Department of Pathology and Laboratory Medicine, The University of Kansas Medical Center, Kansas City, KS, USA
| | - Catherine Traxler
- Department of Molecular and Integrative Physiology, The University of Kansas Medical Center, Kansas City, KS, USA
| | - Steven M. Shapiro
- Department of Neurology, The University of Kansas Medical Center, Kansas City, KS, USA
| | - John A. Stanford
- Department of Molecular and Integrative Physiology, The University of Kansas Medical Center, Kansas City, KS, USA
- Kansas Intellectual and Developmental Disabilities Research Center, The University of Kansas Medical Center, Kansas City, KS, USA
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24
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Li G, Liu J, Guan Y, Ji X. The role of hypoxia in stem cell regulation of the central nervous system: From embryonic development to adult proliferation. CNS Neurosci Ther 2021; 27:1446-1457. [PMID: 34817133 PMCID: PMC8611781 DOI: 10.1111/cns.13754] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/26/2021] [Revised: 09/28/2021] [Accepted: 10/03/2021] [Indexed: 12/12/2022] Open
Abstract
Hypoxia is involved in the regulation of various cell functions in the body, including the regulation of stem cells. The hypoxic microenvironment is indispensable from embryonic development to the regeneration and repair of adult cells. In addition to embryonic stem cells, which need to maintain their self-renewal properties and pluripotency in a hypoxic environment, adult stem cells, including neural stem cells (NSCs), also exist in a hypoxic microenvironment. The subventricular zone (SVZ) and hippocampal dentate gyrus (DG) are the main sites of adult neurogenesis in the brain. Hypoxia can promote the proliferation, migration, and maturation of NSCs in these regions. Also, because most neurons in the brain are non-regenerative, stem cell transplantation is considered as a promising strategy for treating central nervous system (CNS) diseases. Hypoxic treatment also increases the effectiveness of stem cell therapy. In this review, we firstly describe the role of hypoxia in different stem cells, such as embryonic stem cells, NSCs, and induced pluripotent stem cells, and discuss the role of hypoxia-treated stem cells in CNS diseases treatment. Furthermore, we highlight the role and mechanisms of hypoxia in regulating adult neurogenesis in the SVZ and DG and adult proliferation of other cells in the CNS.
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Affiliation(s)
- Gaifen Li
- Laboratory of Brain DisordersMinistry of Science and TechnologyCollaborative Innovation Center for Brain DisordersBeijing Institute of Brain DisordersCapital Medical UniversityBeijingChina
- Department of NeurosurgeryXuanwu HospitalCapital Medical UniversityBeijingChina
| | - Jia Liu
- Laboratory of Brain DisordersMinistry of Science and TechnologyCollaborative Innovation Center for Brain DisordersBeijing Institute of Brain DisordersCapital Medical UniversityBeijingChina
| | - Yuying Guan
- Laboratory of Brain DisordersMinistry of Science and TechnologyCollaborative Innovation Center for Brain DisordersBeijing Institute of Brain DisordersCapital Medical UniversityBeijingChina
- Department of NeurosurgeryXuanwu HospitalCapital Medical UniversityBeijingChina
| | - Xunming Ji
- Laboratory of Brain DisordersMinistry of Science and TechnologyCollaborative Innovation Center for Brain DisordersBeijing Institute of Brain DisordersCapital Medical UniversityBeijingChina
- Department of NeurosurgeryXuanwu HospitalCapital Medical UniversityBeijingChina
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25
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Kawai M, Imaizumi K, Ishikawa M, Shibata S, Shinozaki M, Shibata T, Hashimoto S, Kitagawa T, Ago K, Kajikawa K, Shibata R, Kamata Y, Ushiba J, Koga K, Furue H, Matsumoto M, Nakamura M, Nagoshi N, Okano H. Long-term selective stimulation of transplanted neural stem/progenitor cells for spinal cord injury improves locomotor function. Cell Rep 2021; 37:110019. [PMID: 34818559 DOI: 10.1016/j.celrep.2021.110019] [Citation(s) in RCA: 25] [Impact Index Per Article: 8.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/17/2021] [Revised: 10/06/2021] [Accepted: 10/28/2021] [Indexed: 02/07/2023] Open
Abstract
In cell transplantation therapy for spinal cord injury (SCI), grafted human induced pluripotent stem cell-derived neural stem/progenitor cells (hiPSC-NS/PCs) mainly differentiate into neurons, forming synapses in a process similar to neurodevelopment. In the developing nervous system, the activity of immature neurons has an important role in constructing and maintaining new synapses. Thus, we investigate how enhancing the activity of transplanted hiPSC-NS/PCs affects both the transplanted cells themselves and the host tissue. We find that chemogenetic stimulation of hiPSC-derived neural cells enhances cell activity and neuron-to-neuron interactions in vitro. In a rodent model of SCI, consecutive and selective chemogenetic stimulation of transplanted hiPSC-NS/PCs also enhances the expression of synapse-related genes and proteins in surrounding host tissues and prevents atrophy of the injured spinal cord, thereby improving locomotor function. These findings provide a strategy for enhancing activity within the graft to improve the efficacy of cell transplantation therapy for SCI.
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Affiliation(s)
- Momotaro Kawai
- Department of Orthopaedic Surgery, Keio University School of Medicine, 35 Shinanomachi, Shinjuku, Tokyo 160-8582, Japan; Department of Physiology, Keio University School of Medicine, 35 Shinanomachi, Shinjuku, Tokyo 160-8582, Japan
| | - Kent Imaizumi
- Department of Physiology, Keio University School of Medicine, 35 Shinanomachi, Shinjuku, Tokyo 160-8582, Japan
| | - Mitsuru Ishikawa
- Department of Physiology, Keio University School of Medicine, 35 Shinanomachi, Shinjuku, Tokyo 160-8582, Japan
| | - Shinsuke Shibata
- Department of Physiology, Keio University School of Medicine, 35 Shinanomachi, Shinjuku, Tokyo 160-8582, Japan; Division of Microscopic Anatomy, Graduate School of Medical and Dental Sciences, Niigata University, 1-757 Asahimachi-dori, Chuo-ku, Niigata City, Niigata 951-8510, Japan
| | - Munehisa Shinozaki
- Department of Physiology, Keio University School of Medicine, 35 Shinanomachi, Shinjuku, Tokyo 160-8582, Japan
| | - Takahiro Shibata
- Department of Orthopaedic Surgery, Keio University School of Medicine, 35 Shinanomachi, Shinjuku, Tokyo 160-8582, Japan; Department of Physiology, Keio University School of Medicine, 35 Shinanomachi, Shinjuku, Tokyo 160-8582, Japan
| | - Shogo Hashimoto
- Department of Orthopaedic Surgery, Keio University School of Medicine, 35 Shinanomachi, Shinjuku, Tokyo 160-8582, Japan; Department of Physiology, Keio University School of Medicine, 35 Shinanomachi, Shinjuku, Tokyo 160-8582, Japan
| | - Takahiro Kitagawa
- Department of Orthopaedic Surgery, Keio University School of Medicine, 35 Shinanomachi, Shinjuku, Tokyo 160-8582, Japan; Department of Physiology, Keio University School of Medicine, 35 Shinanomachi, Shinjuku, Tokyo 160-8582, Japan
| | - Kentaro Ago
- Department of Orthopaedic Surgery, Keio University School of Medicine, 35 Shinanomachi, Shinjuku, Tokyo 160-8582, Japan; Department of Physiology, Keio University School of Medicine, 35 Shinanomachi, Shinjuku, Tokyo 160-8582, Japan
| | - Keita Kajikawa
- Department of Orthopaedic Surgery, Keio University School of Medicine, 35 Shinanomachi, Shinjuku, Tokyo 160-8582, Japan; Department of Physiology, Keio University School of Medicine, 35 Shinanomachi, Shinjuku, Tokyo 160-8582, Japan
| | - Reo Shibata
- Department of Orthopaedic Surgery, Keio University School of Medicine, 35 Shinanomachi, Shinjuku, Tokyo 160-8582, Japan; Department of Physiology, Keio University School of Medicine, 35 Shinanomachi, Shinjuku, Tokyo 160-8582, Japan
| | - Yasuhiro Kamata
- Department of Orthopaedic Surgery, Keio University School of Medicine, 35 Shinanomachi, Shinjuku, Tokyo 160-8582, Japan; Department of Physiology, Keio University School of Medicine, 35 Shinanomachi, Shinjuku, Tokyo 160-8582, Japan
| | - Junichi Ushiba
- Department of Biosciences and Informatics, Faculty of Science and Technology, Keio University, 3-14-1 Hiyoshi, Kohoku, Yokohama 223-8522, Japan
| | - Keisuke Koga
- Department of Neurophysiology, Hyogo College of Medicine, 1-1 Mukogawa-cho, Nishinomiya, Hyogo 663-8501, Japan
| | - Hidemasa Furue
- Department of Neurophysiology, Hyogo College of Medicine, 1-1 Mukogawa-cho, Nishinomiya, Hyogo 663-8501, Japan
| | - Morio Matsumoto
- Department of Orthopaedic Surgery, Keio University School of Medicine, 35 Shinanomachi, Shinjuku, Tokyo 160-8582, Japan
| | - Masaya Nakamura
- Department of Orthopaedic Surgery, Keio University School of Medicine, 35 Shinanomachi, Shinjuku, Tokyo 160-8582, Japan
| | - Narihito Nagoshi
- Department of Orthopaedic Surgery, Keio University School of Medicine, 35 Shinanomachi, Shinjuku, Tokyo 160-8582, Japan.
| | - Hideyuki Okano
- Department of Physiology, Keio University School of Medicine, 35 Shinanomachi, Shinjuku, Tokyo 160-8582, Japan.
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Fauser M, Loewenbrück KF, Rangnick J, Brandt MD, Hermann A, Storch A. Adult Neural Stem Cells from Midbrain Periventricular Regions Show Limited Neurogenic Potential after Transplantation into the Hippocampal Neurogenic Niche. Cells 2021; 10:3021. [PMID: 34831242 PMCID: PMC8616334 DOI: 10.3390/cells10113021] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/11/2021] [Accepted: 10/29/2021] [Indexed: 11/20/2022] Open
Abstract
The regulation of adult neural stem or progenitor cell (aNSC) proliferation and differentiation as an interplay of cell-intrinsic and local environmental cues remains in part unclear, impeding their role in putative regenerative therapies. aNSCs with all major properties of NSCs in vitro have been identified in a variety of brain regions beyond the classic neurogenic niches, including the caudal periventricular regions (PVRs) of the midbrain, though active neurogenesis is either limited or merely absent in these regions. To elucidate cell-intrinsic properties of aNSCs from various PVRs, we here examined the proliferation and early differentiation capacity of murine aNSCs from non-neurogenic midbrain PVRs (PVRMB) compared to aNSCs from the neurogenic ventricular-subventricular zone (PVRV-SVZ) 7 days after transplantation into the permissive pro-neurogenic niche of the dentate gyrus (DG) of the hippocampus in mice. An initial in vitro characterization of the transplants displayed very similar characteristics of both aNSC grafts after in vitro expansion with equal capacities of terminal differentiation into astrocytes and Tuj1+ neurons. Upon the allogenic transplantation of the respective aNSCs into the DG, PVRMB grafts showed a significantly lower graft survival and proliferative capacity compared to PVRV-SVZ transplants, whereby the latter are exclusively capable of generating new neurons. Although these differences might be-in part-related to the transplantation procedure and the short-term study design, our data strongly imply important cell-intrinsic differences between aNSCs from neurogenic compared to non-neurogenic PVRs with respect to their neurogenic potential and/or their sensitivity to neurogenic cues.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mareike Fauser
- Department of Neurology, University of Rostock, Gehlsheimer Straße 20, 18147 Rostock, Germany;
- Division of Neurodegenerative Diseases, Department of Neurology, Technische Universität Dresden, Fetscherstraße 74, 01307 Dresden, Germany; (K.F.L.); (J.R.); (M.D.B.); (A.H.)
| | - Kai F Loewenbrück
- Division of Neurodegenerative Diseases, Department of Neurology, Technische Universität Dresden, Fetscherstraße 74, 01307 Dresden, Germany; (K.F.L.); (J.R.); (M.D.B.); (A.H.)
- German Center for Neurodegenerative Diseases (DZNE), Tatzberg 41, 01307 Dresden, Germany
| | - Johannes Rangnick
- Division of Neurodegenerative Diseases, Department of Neurology, Technische Universität Dresden, Fetscherstraße 74, 01307 Dresden, Germany; (K.F.L.); (J.R.); (M.D.B.); (A.H.)
| | - Moritz D Brandt
- Division of Neurodegenerative Diseases, Department of Neurology, Technische Universität Dresden, Fetscherstraße 74, 01307 Dresden, Germany; (K.F.L.); (J.R.); (M.D.B.); (A.H.)
- German Center for Neurodegenerative Diseases (DZNE), Tatzberg 41, 01307 Dresden, Germany
| | - Andreas Hermann
- Division of Neurodegenerative Diseases, Department of Neurology, Technische Universität Dresden, Fetscherstraße 74, 01307 Dresden, Germany; (K.F.L.); (J.R.); (M.D.B.); (A.H.)
- Translational Neurodegeneration Section, “Albrecht-Kossel”, Department of Neurology, University of Rostock, Gehlsheimer Straße 20, 18147 Rostock, Germany
- German Centre for Neurodegenerative Diseases (DZNE) Rostock-Greifswald, Gehlsheimer Straße 20, 18147 Rostock, Germany
| | - Alexander Storch
- Department of Neurology, University of Rostock, Gehlsheimer Straße 20, 18147 Rostock, Germany;
- German Centre for Neurodegenerative Diseases (DZNE) Rostock-Greifswald, Gehlsheimer Straße 20, 18147 Rostock, Germany
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Zhang H, Huang Z, Guo M, Meng L, Piao M, Zhang M, Yu H. Effect of combination therapy with neural stem cell transplantation and teramethylpyrazine in rats following acute spinal cord injury. Neuroreport 2021; 32:1311-1319. [PMID: 34554935 DOI: 10.1097/wnr.0000000000001725] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/25/2022]
Abstract
OBJECTIVES This study was to explore the effects of teramethylpyrazine (TMP) administered in conjunction with neural stem cell transplantation on motor function, pathological lesions and the Janus kinase (JAK)2/signal transducer and activator of transcription 3 signal transduction pathway in rats following acute spinal cord injury (SCI). METHODS Female Sprague-Dawley rats were randomly divided into sham, model, neural stem cells (NSCs) and NSCs+TMP groups. Motor function was evaluated using the Basso, Beattie, Bresnahan scale. Spinal cord neuropathies and neuron apoptosis were observed by HE and TUNEL staining. The brain-derived neurotrophic factor (BDNF), Nogo-A, JAK2 and p-JAK2 protein levels were measured by western blot analysis. RESULTS NSCs+TMP significantly improved rat motor function, attenuated impaired spinal cords, and decreased cellular apoptosis, compared with NSCs therapy alone (P < 0.05). In addition, expression of BDNF protein was significantly higher in NSCs+TMP rats compared with other groups regardless of time postinjury (P < 0.05). The highest expression levels of Nogo-A protein were observed in the model group. The expression of p-JAK2 in the NSCs+TMP group was relatively lower than the model and NSCs groups (P < 0.05). CONCLUSIONS In rats with SCI, NSCs+TMP effectively improved motor function and offered spinal cord protection by increasing BDNF and decreasing Nogo-A levels, as well as inhibiting the JAK2/STAT3 signal transduction pathway, suggesting that TMP could be a useful agent in NSCs transplantation in the treatment of SCI.
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Affiliation(s)
- Haocong Zhang
- Department of Orthopaedics, The General Hospital of Northern Theater Command, Shenyang
| | - Zijun Huang
- The Second Clinical College of Graduate School, Dalian Medical University, Dalian, Liaoning, China
| | - Mingming Guo
- Department of Orthopaedics, The General Hospital of Northern Theater Command, Shenyang
| | - Lingzhi Meng
- Department of Orthopaedics, The General Hospital of Northern Theater Command, Shenyang
| | - Meihui Piao
- Department of Orthopaedics, The General Hospital of Northern Theater Command, Shenyang
| | - Meng Zhang
- The Second Clinical College of Graduate School, Dalian Medical University, Dalian, Liaoning, China
| | - Hailong Yu
- Department of Orthopaedics, The General Hospital of Northern Theater Command, Shenyang
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Stanaszek L, Majchrzak M, Drela K, Rogujski P, Sanford J, Fiedorowicz M, Gewartowska M, Frontczak-Baniewicz M, Walczak P, Lukomska B, Janowski M. Myelin-Independent Therapeutic Potential of Canine Glial-Restricted Progenitors Transplanted in Mouse Model of Dysmyelinating Disease. Cells 2021; 10:2968. [PMID: 34831191 PMCID: PMC8616327 DOI: 10.3390/cells10112968] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/13/2021] [Revised: 10/26/2021] [Accepted: 10/28/2021] [Indexed: 11/17/2022] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Dysfunction of glia contributes to the deterioration of the central nervous system in a wide array of neurological disorders, thus global replacement of glia is very attractive. Human glial-restricted precursors (hGRPs) transplanted intraventricularly into neonatal mice extensively migrated and rescued the lifespan in half of the studied mice, whereas mouse GRPs (mGRPs) presented no therapeutic benefit. We studied in the same experimental setting canine GRPs (cGRP) to determine whether their therapeutic potential falls between hGRPs and mGRPs. Additional motivation for the selection of cGRPs was a potential for use in veterinary medicine. METHODS cGRPs were extracted from the brain of dog fetuses. The cells were transplanted into the anterior or posterior aspect of the lateral ventricle (LV) of neonatal, immunodeficient, dysmyelinated mice (Mbpshi, Rag2 KO; shiv/rag2). Outcome measures included early cell biodistribution, animal survival and myelination assessed with MRI, immunohistochemistry and electron microscopy. RESULTS Grafting of cGRP into posterior LV significantly extended animal survival, whereas no benefit was observed after anterior LV transplantation. In contrast, myelination of the corpus callosum was more prominent in anteriorly transplanted animals. CONCLUSIONS The extended survival of animals after transplantation of cGRPs could be explained by the vicinity of the transplant near the brain stem.
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Affiliation(s)
- Luiza Stanaszek
- NeuroRepair Department, Mossakowski Medical Research Institute, Polish Academy of Sciences, 02-106 Warsaw, Poland; (L.S.); (M.M.); (P.R.); (B.L.)
| | - Malgorzata Majchrzak
- NeuroRepair Department, Mossakowski Medical Research Institute, Polish Academy of Sciences, 02-106 Warsaw, Poland; (L.S.); (M.M.); (P.R.); (B.L.)
| | | | - Piotr Rogujski
- NeuroRepair Department, Mossakowski Medical Research Institute, Polish Academy of Sciences, 02-106 Warsaw, Poland; (L.S.); (M.M.); (P.R.); (B.L.)
| | - Joanna Sanford
- Vetregen Laboratory and Stem Cell Bank for Animals, 04-687 Warsaw, Poland;
| | - Michal Fiedorowicz
- Small Animal Magnetic Resonance Imaging Laboratory, Mossakowski Medical Research Institute, Polish Academy of Sciences, 02-106 Warsaw, Poland;
| | - Magdalena Gewartowska
- Electron Microscopy Platform, Mossakowski Medical Research Institute, Polish Academy of Sciences, 02-106 Warsaw, Poland; (M.G.); (M.F.-B.)
| | - Malgorzata Frontczak-Baniewicz
- Electron Microscopy Platform, Mossakowski Medical Research Institute, Polish Academy of Sciences, 02-106 Warsaw, Poland; (M.G.); (M.F.-B.)
| | - Piotr Walczak
- Department of Diagnostic Radiology and Nuclear Medicine, Center for Advanced Imaging Research, University of Maryland Marlene and Stewart Greenebaum Comprehensive Cancer Center, University of Maryland, Baltimore, MD 21201, USA;
- Department of Neurology and Neurosurgery, University of Warmia and Mazury, 10-082 Olsztyn, Poland
| | - Barbara Lukomska
- NeuroRepair Department, Mossakowski Medical Research Institute, Polish Academy of Sciences, 02-106 Warsaw, Poland; (L.S.); (M.M.); (P.R.); (B.L.)
| | - Miroslaw Janowski
- Department of Diagnostic Radiology and Nuclear Medicine, Center for Advanced Imaging Research, University of Maryland Marlene and Stewart Greenebaum Comprehensive Cancer Center, University of Maryland, Baltimore, MD 21201, USA;
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Badner A, Reinhardt EK, Nguyen TV, Midani N, Marshall AT, Lepe CA, Echeverria K, Lepe JJ, Torrecampo V, Bertan SH, Tran SH, Anderson AJ, Cummings BJ. Freshly Thawed Cryobanked Human Neural Stem Cells Engraft within Endogenous Neurogenic Niches and Restore Cognitive Function after Chronic Traumatic Brain Injury. J Neurotrauma 2021; 38:2731-2746. [PMID: 34130484 DOI: 10.1089/neu.2021.0045] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/24/2023] Open
Abstract
Human neural stem cells (hNSCs) have potential as a cell therapy after traumatic brain injury (TBI). While various studies have demonstrated the efficacy of NSCs from ongoing culture, there is a significant gap in our understanding of freshly thawed cells from cryobanked stocks-a more clinically relevant source. To address these shortfalls, the therapeutic potential of our previously validated Shef-6.0 human embryonic stem cell (hESC)-derived hNSC line was tested after long-term cryostorage and thawing before transplant. Immunodeficient athymic nude rats received a moderate unilateral controlled cortical impact (CCI) injury. At four weeks post-injury, 6 × 105 freshly thawed hNSCs were transplanted into six injection sites (two ipsi- and four contra-lateral) with 53.4% of cells surviving three months post-transplant. Interestingly, most hNSCs were engrafted in the meninges and the lining of lateral ventricles, associated with high CXCR4 expression and a chemotactic response to SDF1alpha (CXCL12). While some expressed markers of neuron, astrocyte, and oligodendrocyte lineages, the majority remained progenitors, identified through doublecortin expression (78.1%). Importantly, transplantation resulted in improved spatial learning and memory in Morris water maze navigation and reduced risk taking in an elevated plus maze. Investigating potential mechanisms of action, we identified an increase in ipsilateral host hippocampus cornu ammonis (CA) neuron survival, contralateral dentate gyrus (DG) volume, and DG neural progenitor morphology as well as a reduction in neuroinflammation. Together, these findings validate the potential of hNSCs to improve function after TBI and demonstrate that long-term biobanking of cells and thawing aliquots before use may be suitable for clinical deployment.
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Affiliation(s)
- Anna Badner
- Sue and Bill Gross Stem Cell Center, University of California, Irvine, Irvine, California, USA
| | - Emily K Reinhardt
- Sue and Bill Gross Stem Cell Center, University of California, Irvine, Irvine, California, USA
- Institute for Memory Impairments and Neurological Disorders, University of California, Irvine, Irvine, California, USA
| | - Theodore V Nguyen
- Sue and Bill Gross Stem Cell Center, University of California, Irvine, Irvine, California, USA
| | - Nicole Midani
- Sue and Bill Gross Stem Cell Center, University of California, Irvine, Irvine, California, USA
| | - Andrew T Marshall
- Department of Pediatrics, Children's Hospital Los Angeles, Los Angeles, California, USA
| | - Cherie A Lepe
- Sue and Bill Gross Stem Cell Center, University of California, Irvine, Irvine, California, USA
| | - Karla Echeverria
- Sue and Bill Gross Stem Cell Center, University of California, Irvine, Irvine, California, USA
| | - Javier J Lepe
- Sue and Bill Gross Stem Cell Center, University of California, Irvine, Irvine, California, USA
| | - Vincent Torrecampo
- Sue and Bill Gross Stem Cell Center, University of California, Irvine, Irvine, California, USA
| | - Sara H Bertan
- Sue and Bill Gross Stem Cell Center, University of California, Irvine, Irvine, California, USA
- Institute for Memory Impairments and Neurological Disorders, University of California, Irvine, Irvine, California, USA
| | - Serinee H Tran
- Sue and Bill Gross Stem Cell Center, University of California, Irvine, Irvine, California, USA
- Institute for Memory Impairments and Neurological Disorders, University of California, Irvine, Irvine, California, USA
| | - Aileen J Anderson
- Sue and Bill Gross Stem Cell Center, University of California, Irvine, Irvine, California, USA
- Institute for Memory Impairments and Neurological Disorders, University of California, Irvine, Irvine, California, USA
- Physical Medicine and Rehabilitation, University of California, Irvine, Irvine, California, USA
- Anatomy and Neurobiology, University of California, Irvine, Irvine, California, USA
| | - Brian J Cummings
- Sue and Bill Gross Stem Cell Center, University of California, Irvine, Irvine, California, USA
- Institute for Memory Impairments and Neurological Disorders, University of California, Irvine, Irvine, California, USA
- Physical Medicine and Rehabilitation, University of California, Irvine, Irvine, California, USA
- Anatomy and Neurobiology, University of California, Irvine, Irvine, California, USA
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30
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Kim SH, Hwang K, Lee HA, Kim J, Cho M, Kim M, Shin JE, Lee H, Park KI, Jang JH. Pastable, Adhesive, Injectable, Nanofibrous, and Tunable (PAINT) Biphasic Hybrid Matrices as Versatile Therapeutic Carriers. ACS Appl Mater Interfaces 2021; 13:42429-42441. [PMID: 34472351 DOI: 10.1021/acsami.1c10818] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/13/2023]
Abstract
A critical challenge in many pharmaceutical fields is developing versatile adjuvant devices that can reduce the off-target delivery of therapeutic materials to target lesions. Herein, a biphasic hybrid fibrous system that can manipulate the spatial and temporal delivery of various therapeutic agents to target lesions by integrating multiple distinct systems and technologies such as fluffy coaxial electrospun polycaprolactone (PCL)/polystyrene (PS) fibers, cyclohexane-mediated leaching to remove PS layers selectively, amine display on PCL fibers, conjugation of naturally occurring adhesive gallol molecules onto hyaluronic acid (HA-g), and electrostatically complexing the aminated PCL fibers with the gallol-conjugated HA. In the context of "paintable" systems on target lesions, the resulting system is called a PAINT matrix (abbreviated according to the initial letter of its features: pastable, adhesive, injectable, nanofibrous, and tunable). Its viscoelastic property, which was attributed by coalescing aminated PCL fibers with viscous HA-g, enabled it to be noninvasively injected and fit into any cavity in the body with various morphologies, manually pasted on tissue surfaces, and adhered onto moisture-rich surfaces to ensure the secure delivery of therapeutics toward the target lesions. The PAINT matrix efficiently supplied immunomodulatory human neural stem cells (hNSCs) at rat hemisectioned spinal cord injury (SCI) sites and promoted both locomotive and sensory recovery in SCI models, presumably by protecting hNSCs against host immunosurveillance. The PAINT matrix will be broadly utilized for efficiently delivering therapeutics to difficult-to-reach target lesions by direct infusion or conventional biomaterial-mediated approaches due to their locations, wet surfaces, or complicated ambient environments.
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Affiliation(s)
- Seung-Hyun Kim
- Department of Chemical and Biomolecular Engineering, Yonsei University, 50 Yonsei-Ro, Seodaemun-gu, Seoul 03722, Korea
| | - Kyujin Hwang
- Yonsei Biomedical Research Institute, Yonsei University College of Medicine, Seoul 03722, Republic of Korea
| | - Haesung A Lee
- Department of Chemistry, Korea Advanced Institute of Science and Technology, 291 Daehak-ro, Yuseong-gu, Daejeon 34141, Republic of Korea
| | - Joowon Kim
- Department of Chemical and Biomolecular Engineering, Yonsei University, 50 Yonsei-Ro, Seodaemun-gu, Seoul 03722, Korea
| | - Mira Cho
- Department of Chemical and Biomolecular Engineering, Yonsei University, 50 Yonsei-Ro, Seodaemun-gu, Seoul 03722, Korea
| | - Miri Kim
- Yonsei Biomedical Research Institute, Yonsei University College of Medicine, Seoul 03722, Republic of Korea
| | - Jeong Eun Shin
- Yonsei Biomedical Research Institute, Yonsei University College of Medicine, Seoul 03722, Republic of Korea
- Department of Pediatrics, Severance Children's Hospital, Yonsei University College of Medicine, Seoul 03722, Republic of Korea
- Brain Korea 21 Plus Project for Medical Science, Yonsei University College of Medicine, Seoul 03722, Republic of Korea
| | - Haeshin Lee
- Department of Chemistry, Korea Advanced Institute of Science and Technology, 291 Daehak-ro, Yuseong-gu, Daejeon 34141, Republic of Korea
| | - Kook In Park
- Yonsei Biomedical Research Institute, Yonsei University College of Medicine, Seoul 03722, Republic of Korea
- Department of Pediatrics, Severance Children's Hospital, Yonsei University College of Medicine, Seoul 03722, Republic of Korea
- Brain Korea 21 Plus Project for Medical Science, Yonsei University College of Medicine, Seoul 03722, Republic of Korea
| | - Jae-Hyung Jang
- Department of Chemical and Biomolecular Engineering, Yonsei University, 50 Yonsei-Ro, Seodaemun-gu, Seoul 03722, Korea
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Mercer-Smith AR, Jiang W, Bago JR, Valdivia A, Thang M, Woodell AS, Montgomery SA, Sheets KT, Anders CK, Hingtgen SD. Cytotoxic Engineered Induced Neural Stem Cells as an Intravenous Therapy for Primary Non-Small Cell Lung Cancer and Triple-Negative Breast Cancer. Mol Cancer Ther 2021; 20:2291-2301. [PMID: 34433662 DOI: 10.1158/1535-7163.mct-21-0109] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/02/2021] [Revised: 06/30/2021] [Accepted: 08/16/2021] [Indexed: 11/16/2022]
Abstract
Converting human fibroblasts into personalized induced neural stem cells (hiNSC) that actively seek out tumors and deliver cytotoxic agents is a promising approach for treating cancer. Herein, we provide the first evidence that intravenously-infused hiNSCs secreting cytotoxic agent home to and suppress the growth of non-small cell lung cancer (NSCLC) and triple-negative breast cancer (TNBC). Migration of hiNSCs to NSCLC and TNBC in vitro was investigated using time-lapse motion analysis, which showed directional movement of hiNSCs to both tumor cell lines. In vivo, migration of intravenous hiNSCs to orthotopic NSCLC or TNBC tumors was determined using bioluminescent imaging (BLI) and immunofluorescent post-mortem tissue analysis, which indicated that hiNSCs colocalized with tumors within 3 days of intravenous administration and persisted through 14 days. In vitro, efficacy of hiNSCs releasing cytotoxic TRAIL (hiNSC-TRAIL) was monitored using kinetic imaging of co-cultures, in which hiNSC-TRAIL therapy induced rapid killing of both NSCLC and TNBC. Efficacy was determined in vivo by infusing hiNSC-TRAIL or control cells intravenously into mice bearing orthotopic NSCLC or TNBC and tracking changes in tumor volume using BLI. Mice treated with intravenous hiNSC-TRAIL showed a 70% or 72% reduction in NSCLC or TNBC tumor volume compared with controls within 14 or 21 days, respectively. Safety was assessed by hematology, blood chemistry, and histology, and no significant changes in these safety parameters was observed through 28 days. These results indicate that intravenous hiNSCs-TRAIL seek out and kill NSCLC and TNBC tumors, suggesting a potential new strategy for treating aggressive peripheral cancers.
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Affiliation(s)
- Alison R Mercer-Smith
- Division of Pharmacoengineering and Molecular Pharmaceutics, UNC Eshelman School of Pharmacy, The University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill, Chapel Hill, North Carolina
| | - Wulin Jiang
- Division of Pharmacoengineering and Molecular Pharmaceutics, UNC Eshelman School of Pharmacy, The University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill, Chapel Hill, North Carolina
| | - Juli R Bago
- Department of Hemato-Oncology, University of Ostrava, Ostrava, Czech Republic
| | - Alain Valdivia
- Division of Pharmacoengineering and Molecular Pharmaceutics, UNC Eshelman School of Pharmacy, The University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill, Chapel Hill, North Carolina
| | - Morrent Thang
- Division of Pharmacoengineering and Molecular Pharmaceutics, UNC Eshelman School of Pharmacy, The University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill, Chapel Hill, North Carolina
| | - Alex S Woodell
- Division of Pharmacoengineering and Molecular Pharmaceutics, UNC Eshelman School of Pharmacy, The University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill, Chapel Hill, North Carolina
| | - Stephanie A Montgomery
- Pathology and Laboratory Medicine, The University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill, Chapel Hill, North Carolina
| | - Kevin T Sheets
- Division of Pharmacoengineering and Molecular Pharmaceutics, UNC Eshelman School of Pharmacy, The University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill, Chapel Hill, North Carolina
| | - Carey K Anders
- Department of Medicine, Duke University, Durham, North Carolina
| | - Shawn D Hingtgen
- Division of Pharmacoengineering and Molecular Pharmaceutics, UNC Eshelman School of Pharmacy, The University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill, Chapel Hill, North Carolina.
- Department of Neurosurgery, The University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill, Chapel Hill, North Carolina
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32
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Brien GL, Bressan RB, Monger C, Gannon D, Lagan E, Doherty AM, Healy E, Neikes H, Fitzpatrick DJ, Deevy O, Grant V, Marqués-Torrejón MA, Alfazema N, Pollard SM, Bracken AP. Simultaneous disruption of PRC2 and enhancer function underlies histone H3.3-K27M oncogenic activity in human hindbrain neural stem cells. Nat Genet 2021; 53:1221-1232. [PMID: 34294917 DOI: 10.1038/s41588-021-00897-w] [Citation(s) in RCA: 26] [Impact Index Per Article: 8.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/21/2020] [Accepted: 06/11/2021] [Indexed: 01/10/2023]
Abstract
Driver mutations in genes encoding histone H3 proteins resulting in p.Lys27Met substitutions (H3-K27M) are frequent in pediatric midline brain tumors. However, the precise mechanisms by which H3-K27M causes tumor initiation remain unclear. Here, we use human hindbrain neural stem cells to model the consequences of H3.3-K27M on the epigenomic landscape in a relevant developmental context. Genome-wide mapping of epitope-tagged histone H3.3 revealed that both the wild type and the K27M mutant incorporate abundantly at pre-existing active enhancers and promoters, and to a lesser extent at Polycomb repressive complex 2 (PRC2)-bound regions. At active enhancers, H3.3-K27M leads to focal H3K27ac loss, decreased chromatin accessibility and reduced transcriptional expression of nearby neurodevelopmental genes. In addition, H3.3-K27M deposition at a subset of PRC2 target genes leads to increased PRC2 and PRC1 binding and augmented transcriptional repression that can be partially reversed by PRC2 inhibitors. Our work suggests that, rather than imposing de novo transcriptional circuits, H3.3-K27M drives tumorigenesis by locking initiating cells in their pre-existing, immature epigenomic state, via disruption of PRC2 and enhancer functions.
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Affiliation(s)
- Gerard L Brien
- Smurfit Institute of Genetics, Trinity College Dublin, Dublin, Ireland.
| | - Raul Bardini Bressan
- Cancer Research UK Edinburgh Centre, University of Edinburgh, Edinburgh, UK
- Centre for Regenerative Medicine, University of Edinburgh, Edinburgh, UK
- Biotech Research and Innovation Centre, University of Copenhagen, Copenhagen, Denmark
| | - Craig Monger
- Smurfit Institute of Genetics, Trinity College Dublin, Dublin, Ireland
| | - Dáire Gannon
- Smurfit Institute of Genetics, Trinity College Dublin, Dublin, Ireland
| | - Eimear Lagan
- Smurfit Institute of Genetics, Trinity College Dublin, Dublin, Ireland
| | - Anthony M Doherty
- Smurfit Institute of Genetics, Trinity College Dublin, Dublin, Ireland
| | - Evan Healy
- Smurfit Institute of Genetics, Trinity College Dublin, Dublin, Ireland
| | - Hannah Neikes
- Smurfit Institute of Genetics, Trinity College Dublin, Dublin, Ireland
| | | | - Orla Deevy
- Smurfit Institute of Genetics, Trinity College Dublin, Dublin, Ireland
| | - Vivien Grant
- Cancer Research UK Edinburgh Centre, University of Edinburgh, Edinburgh, UK
- Centre for Regenerative Medicine, University of Edinburgh, Edinburgh, UK
| | - Maria-Angeles Marqués-Torrejón
- Cancer Research UK Edinburgh Centre, University of Edinburgh, Edinburgh, UK
- Centre for Regenerative Medicine, University of Edinburgh, Edinburgh, UK
| | - Neza Alfazema
- Cancer Research UK Edinburgh Centre, University of Edinburgh, Edinburgh, UK
- Centre for Regenerative Medicine, University of Edinburgh, Edinburgh, UK
| | - Steven M Pollard
- Cancer Research UK Edinburgh Centre, University of Edinburgh, Edinburgh, UK.
- Centre for Regenerative Medicine, University of Edinburgh, Edinburgh, UK.
| | - Adrian P Bracken
- Smurfit Institute of Genetics, Trinity College Dublin, Dublin, Ireland.
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Guo S, Redenski I, Levenberg S. Spinal Cord Repair: From Cells and Tissue Engineering to Extracellular Vesicles. Cells 2021; 10:cells10081872. [PMID: 34440641 PMCID: PMC8394921 DOI: 10.3390/cells10081872] [Citation(s) in RCA: 27] [Impact Index Per Article: 9.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/23/2021] [Revised: 06/29/2021] [Accepted: 07/19/2021] [Indexed: 02/05/2023] Open
Abstract
Spinal cord injury (SCI) is a debilitating condition, often leading to severe motor, sensory, or autonomic nervous dysfunction. As the holy grail of regenerative medicine, promoting spinal cord tissue regeneration and functional recovery are the fundamental goals. Yet, effective regeneration of injured spinal cord tissues and promotion of functional recovery remain unmet clinical challenges, largely due to the complex pathophysiology of the condition. The transplantation of various cells, either alone or in combination with three-dimensional matrices, has been intensively investigated in preclinical SCI models and clinical trials, holding translational promise. More recently, a new paradigm shift has emerged from cell therapy towards extracellular vesicles as an exciting "cell-free" therapeutic modality. The current review recapitulates recent advances, challenges, and future perspectives of cell-based spinal cord tissue engineering and regeneration strategies.
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Affiliation(s)
- Shaowei Guo
- The First Affiliated Hospital, Shantou University Medical College, Shantou 515041, China
- Correspondence: (S.G.); (S.L.)
| | - Idan Redenski
- Department of Biomedical Engineering, Technion—Israel Institute of Technology, Haifa 32000, Israel;
| | - Shulamit Levenberg
- Department of Biomedical Engineering, Technion—Israel Institute of Technology, Haifa 32000, Israel;
- Correspondence: (S.G.); (S.L.)
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Abstract
Clinical treatments for ischemic stroke are limited. Neural stem cell (NSC) transplantation can be a promising therapy. Clinically, ischemia and subsequent reperfusion lead to extensive neurovascular injury that involves inflammation, disruption of the blood-brain barrier, and brain cell death. NSCs exhibit multiple potentially therapeutic actions against neurovascular injury. Currently, tissue plasminogen activator (tPA) is the only FDA-approved clot-dissolving agent. While tPA’s thrombolytic role within the vasculature is beneficial, tPA’s non-thrombolytic deleterious effects aggravates neurovascular injury, restricting the treatment time window (time-sensitive) and tPA eligibility. Thus, new strategies are needed to mitigate tPA’s detrimental effects and quickly mediate vascular repair after stroke. Up to date, clinical trials focus on the impact of stem cell therapy on neuro-restoration by delivering cells during the chronic stroke stage. Also, NSCs secrete factors that stimulate endogenous repair mechanisms for early-stage ischemic stroke. This review will present an integrated view of the preclinical perspectives of NSC transplantation as a promising treatment for neurovascular injury, with an emphasis on early-stage ischemic stroke. Further, this will highlight the impact of early sub-acute NSC delivery on improving short-term and long-term stroke outcomes.
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Affiliation(s)
- Milton H. Hamblin
- Department of Pharmacology, Tulane University School of Medicine, 1430 Tulane Ave, New Orleans, LA 70112, USA
- Correspondence: (M.H.H.); (J.-P.L.)
| | - Jean-Pyo Lee
- Department of Physiology, Tulane University School of Medicine, 1430 Tulane Ave, New Orleans, LA 70112, USA
- Tulane Brain Institute, Tulane University, 1430 Tulane Ave, New Orleans, LA 70112, USA
- Correspondence: (M.H.H.); (J.-P.L.)
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Shi W, Dong P, Kuss MA, Gu L, Kievit F, Kim HJ, Duan B. Design and Evaluation of an In Vitro Mild Traumatic Brain Injury Modeling System Using 3D Printed Mini Impact Device on the 3D Cultured Human iPSC Derived Neural Progenitor Cells. Adv Healthc Mater 2021; 10:e2100180. [PMID: 33890428 PMCID: PMC8222191 DOI: 10.1002/adhm.202100180] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/29/2021] [Revised: 03/15/2021] [Indexed: 12/13/2022]
Abstract
Despite significant progress in understanding the disease mechanism of traumatic brain injury (TBI), promising preclinical therapeutics have seldom been translated into successful clinical outcomes, partially because the model animals have physiological and functional differences in the central nervous system (CNS) compared to humans. Human relevant models are thus urgently required. Here, an in vitro mild TBI (mTBI) modeling system is reported based on 3D cultured human induced pluripotent stem cells (iPSC) derived neural progenitor cells (iPSC-NPCs) to evaluate consequences of single and repetitive mTBI using a 3D printed mini weight-drop impact device. Computational simulation is performed to understand the single/cumulative effects of weight-drop impact on the NPC differentiated neurospheres. Experimental results reveal that neurospheres show reactive astrogliosis and glial scar formation after repetitive (10 hits) mild impacts, while no astrocyte activation is found after one or two mild impacts. A 3D co-culture model of human microglia cells with neurospheres is further developed. It is found that astrocyte response is promoted even after two mild impacts, possibly caused by the chronic neuroinflammation after microglia activation. The in vitro mTBI modeling system recapitulates several hallmarks of the brain impact injury and might serve as a good platform for future drug screening.
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Affiliation(s)
- Wen Shi
- Mary & Dick Holland Regenerative Medicine Program, University of Nebraska, Medical Center, Omaha, NE, 68198, USA
- Division of Cardiology, Department of Internal Medicine, University of Nebraska, Medical Center, Omaha, NE, 68198, USA
| | - Pengfei Dong
- Department of Biomedical and Chemical Engineering and Science, Florida Institute of Technology, Melbourne, FL, 32901, USA
| | - Mitchell A Kuss
- Mary & Dick Holland Regenerative Medicine Program, University of Nebraska, Medical Center, Omaha, NE, 68198, USA
- Division of Cardiology, Department of Internal Medicine, University of Nebraska, Medical Center, Omaha, NE, 68198, USA
| | - Linxia Gu
- Department of Biomedical and Chemical Engineering and Science, Florida Institute of Technology, Melbourne, FL, 32901, USA
| | - Forrest Kievit
- Department of Biological Systems Engineering, University of Nebraska-Lincoln, Lincoln, NE, 68583, USA
| | - Hyung Joon Kim
- Mary & Dick Holland Regenerative Medicine Program, University of Nebraska, Medical Center, Omaha, NE, 68198, USA
- Eppley Institute, University of Nebraska Medical Center, Omaha, NE, 68198, USA
| | - Bin Duan
- Mary & Dick Holland Regenerative Medicine Program, University of Nebraska, Medical Center, Omaha, NE, 68198, USA
- Division of Cardiology, Department of Internal Medicine, University of Nebraska, Medical Center, Omaha, NE, 68198, USA
- Department of Surgery, University of Nebraska Medical Center, Omaha, NE, 68198, USA
- Department of Mechanical Engineering, University of Nebraska-Lincoln, Lincoln, NE, 68588, USA
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Genestine M, Ambriz D, Crabtree GW, Dummer P, Molotkova A, Quintero M, Mela A, Biswas S, Feng H, Zhang C, Canoll P, Hargus G, Agalliu D, Gogos JA, Au E. Vascular-derived SPARC and SerpinE1 regulate interneuron tangential migration and accelerate functional maturation of human stem cell-derived interneurons. eLife 2021; 10:e56063. [PMID: 33904394 PMCID: PMC8099424 DOI: 10.7554/elife.56063] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/15/2020] [Accepted: 04/26/2021] [Indexed: 12/18/2022] Open
Abstract
Cortical interneurons establish inhibitory microcircuits throughout the neocortex and their dysfunction has been implicated in epilepsy and neuropsychiatric diseases. Developmentally, interneurons migrate from a distal progenitor domain in order to populate the neocortex - a process that occurs at a slower rate in humans than in mice. In this study, we sought to identify factors that regulate the rate of interneuron maturation across the two species. Using embryonic mouse development as a model system, we found that the process of initiating interneuron migration is regulated by blood vessels of the medial ganglionic eminence (MGE), an interneuron progenitor domain. We identified two endothelial cell-derived paracrine factors, SPARC and SerpinE1, that enhance interneuron migration in mouse MGE explants and organotypic cultures. Moreover, pre-treatment of human stem cell-derived interneurons (hSC-interneurons) with SPARC and SerpinE1 prior to transplantation into neonatal mouse cortex enhanced their migration and morphological elaboration in the host cortex. Further, SPARC and SerpinE1-treated hSC-interneurons also exhibited more mature electrophysiological characteristics compared to controls. Overall, our studies suggest a critical role for CNS vasculature in regulating interneuron developmental maturation in both mice and humans.
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Affiliation(s)
- Matthieu Genestine
- Department of Pathology and Cell Biology, Columbia UniversityNew YorkUnited States
| | - Daisy Ambriz
- Department of Pathology and Cell Biology, Columbia UniversityNew YorkUnited States
| | - Gregg W Crabtree
- Department of Neurology, Columbia University Irving Medical CenterNew YorkUnited States
| | - Patrick Dummer
- Department of Pathology and Cell Biology, Columbia UniversityNew YorkUnited States
| | - Anna Molotkova
- Department of Pathology and Cell Biology, Columbia UniversityNew YorkUnited States
| | - Michael Quintero
- Department of Pathology and Cell Biology, Columbia UniversityNew YorkUnited States
| | - Angeliki Mela
- Department of Pathology and Cell Biology, Columbia UniversityNew YorkUnited States
| | - Saptarshi Biswas
- Department of Neurology, Columbia University Irving Medical CenterNew YorkUnited States
| | - Huijuan Feng
- Department of Department of Systems Biology, Columbia University Irving Medical CenterNew YorkUnited States
| | - Chaolin Zhang
- Department of Department of Systems Biology, Columbia University Irving Medical CenterNew YorkUnited States
| | - Peter Canoll
- Department of Pathology and Cell Biology, Columbia UniversityNew YorkUnited States
| | - Gunnar Hargus
- Department of Pathology and Cell Biology, Columbia UniversityNew YorkUnited States
| | - Dritan Agalliu
- Department of Pathology and Cell Biology, Columbia UniversityNew YorkUnited States
- Department of Neurology, Columbia University Irving Medical CenterNew YorkUnited States
| | - Joseph A Gogos
- Department of Cellular Physiology and Biophysics, Columbia UniversityNew YorkUnited States
- Department of Neuroscience, Zuckerman Mind Brain and Behavior Institute, Columbia UniversityNew YorkUnited States
| | - Edmund Au
- Department of Pathology and Cell Biology, Columbia UniversityNew YorkUnited States
- Columbia Translational Neuroscience Initiative ScholarNew YorkUnited States
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Zhu S, Ying Y, Ye J, Chen M, Wu Q, Dou H, Ni W, Xu H, Xu J. AAV2-mediated and hypoxia response element-directed expression of bFGF in neural stem cells showed therapeutic effects on spinal cord injury in rats. Cell Death Dis 2021; 12:274. [PMID: 33723238 PMCID: PMC7960741 DOI: 10.1038/s41419-021-03546-6] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/30/2020] [Revised: 02/08/2021] [Accepted: 02/10/2021] [Indexed: 12/12/2022]
Abstract
Neural stem cell (NSCs) transplantation has been one of the hot topics in the repair of spinal cord injury (SCI). Fibroblast growth factor (FGF) is considered a promising nerve injury therapy after SCI. However, owing to a hostile hypoxia condition in SCI, there remains a challenging issue in implementing these tactics to repair SCI. In this report, we used adeno-associated virus 2 (AAV2), a prototype AAV used in clinical trials for human neuron disorders, basic FGF (bFGF) gene under the regulation of hypoxia response element (HRE) was constructed and transduced into NSCs to yield AAV2-5HRE-bFGF-NSCs. Our results showed that its treatment yielded temporally increased expression of bFGF in SCI, and improved scores of functional recovery after SCI compared to vehicle control (AAV2-5HRE-NSCs) based on the analyses of the inclined plane test, Basso-Beattie-Bresnahan (BBB) scale and footprint analysis. Mechanistic studies showed that AAV2-5HRE-bFGF-NSCs treatment increased the expression of neuron-specific neuronal nuclei protein (NeuN), neuromodulin GAP43, and neurofilament protein NF200 while decreased the expression of glial fibrillary acidic protein (GFAP) as compared to the control group. Further, the expressions of autophagy-associated proteins LC3-II and Beclin 1 were decreased, whereas the expression of P62 protein was increased in AAV2-5HRE-bFGF-NSCs treatment group. Taken together, our data indicate that AAV2-5HRE-bFGF-NSCs treatment improved the recovery of SCI rats, which is accompanied by evidence of nerve regeneration, and inhibition of SCI-induced glial scar formation and cell autophagy. Thus, this study represents a step forward towards the potential use of AAV2-5HRE-bFGF-NSCs for future clinical trials of SCI repair.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sipin Zhu
- Department of Orthopaedics, The Second Affiliated Hospital and Yuying Children's Hospital of Wenzhou Medical University, Wenzhou, 325000, Zhejiang, China.
- The Second School of Medicine, Wenzhou Medical University, 325027, Wenzhou, China.
- School of Biomedical Sciences, The University of Western Australia, Perth, WA, 6009, Australia.
| | - Yibo Ying
- Department of Orthopaedics, The Second Affiliated Hospital and Yuying Children's Hospital of Wenzhou Medical University, Wenzhou, 325000, Zhejiang, China
- The Second School of Medicine, Wenzhou Medical University, 325027, Wenzhou, China
| | - Jiahui Ye
- Department of Orthopaedics, The Second Affiliated Hospital and Yuying Children's Hospital of Wenzhou Medical University, Wenzhou, 325000, Zhejiang, China
- The Second School of Medicine, Wenzhou Medical University, 325027, Wenzhou, China
| | - Min Chen
- Department of Orthopaedics, The Second Affiliated Hospital and Yuying Children's Hospital of Wenzhou Medical University, Wenzhou, 325000, Zhejiang, China
- The Second School of Medicine, Wenzhou Medical University, 325027, Wenzhou, China
| | - Qiuji Wu
- Department of Orthopaedics, The Second Affiliated Hospital and Yuying Children's Hospital of Wenzhou Medical University, Wenzhou, 325000, Zhejiang, China
- The Second School of Medicine, Wenzhou Medical University, 325027, Wenzhou, China
| | - Haicheng Dou
- Department of Orthopaedics, The Second Affiliated Hospital and Yuying Children's Hospital of Wenzhou Medical University, Wenzhou, 325000, Zhejiang, China
| | - Wenfei Ni
- Department of Orthopaedics, The Second Affiliated Hospital and Yuying Children's Hospital of Wenzhou Medical University, Wenzhou, 325000, Zhejiang, China
| | - Huazi Xu
- Department of Orthopaedics, The Second Affiliated Hospital and Yuying Children's Hospital of Wenzhou Medical University, Wenzhou, 325000, Zhejiang, China
| | - Jiake Xu
- School of Biomedical Sciences, The University of Western Australia, Perth, WA, 6009, Australia.
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Abstract
Bioprinting cells with an electrically conductive bioink provides an opportunity to produce three-dimensional (3D) cell-laden constructs with the option of electrically stimulating cells in situ during and after tissue development. We and others have demonstrated the use of electrical stimulation (ES) to influence cell behavior and function for a more biomimetic approach to tissue engineering. Here, we detail a previously published method for 3D printing an electrically conductive bioink with human neural stem cells (hNSCs) that are subsequently differentiated. The differentiated tissue constructs comprise functional neurons and supporting neuroglia and are amenable to ES for the purposeful modulation of neural activity. Importantly, the method could be adapted to fabricate and stimulate neural and nonneural tissues from other cell types, with the potential to be applied for both research- and clinical-product development.
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Affiliation(s)
- Eva Tomaskovic-Crook
- ARC Centre of Excellence for Electromaterials Science, Intelligent Polymer Research Institute, AIIM Facility, University of Wollongong, Wollongong, NSW, Australia.
- Illawarra Health and Medical Research Institute, University of Wollongong, Wollongong, NSW, Australia.
| | - Jeremy M Crook
- ARC Centre of Excellence for Electromaterials Science, Intelligent Polymer Research Institute, AIIM Facility, University of Wollongong, Wollongong, NSW, Australia.
- Illawarra Health and Medical Research Institute, University of Wollongong, Wollongong, NSW, Australia.
- Department of Surgery, St. Vincent's Hospital, The University of Melbourne, Fitzroy, VIC, Australia.
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Zhu R, Zhu X, Zhu Y, Wang Z, He X, Wu Z, Xue L, Fan W, Huang R, Xu Z, Qi X, Xu W, Yu Y, Ren Y, Li C, Cheng Q, Ling L, Wang S, Cheng L. Immunomodulatory Layered Double Hydroxide Nanoparticles Enable Neurogenesis by Targeting Transforming Growth Factor-β Receptor 2. ACS Nano 2021; 15:2812-2830. [PMID: 33527830 DOI: 10.1021/acsnano.0c08727] [Citation(s) in RCA: 41] [Impact Index Per Article: 13.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/20/2023]
Abstract
Immune microenvironment amelioration and reconstruction by functional biomaterials has become a promising strategy for spinal cord injury (SCI) recovery. In this study, we evaluated the neural regeneration and immunoregulation functions of Mg/Al layered double hydroxide (Mg/Al-LDH) nanoparticles in completely transected and excised mice and revealed the immune-related mechanisms. LDH achieved significant performance in accelerating neural stem cells (NSCs) migration, neural differentiation, L-Ca2+ channel activation, and inducible action potential generation. In vivo, the behavioral and electrophysiological performance of SCI mice was significantly improved by LDH implantation, with BrdU+ endogenous NSCs and neurons clearly observed in the lesion sites. According to RNA-seq and ingenuity pathway analysis, transforming growth factor-β receptor 2 (TGFBR2) is the key gene through which LDH inhibits inflammatory responses and accelerates neural regeneration. Significant colocalization of TGFBR2 and LDH was found on the cell membranes of NSCs both in vitro and in vivo, and LDH increased the expression of TGF-β2 in NSCs and activated the proliferation of precursor neural cells. LDH decreased the expression of M1 markers and increased the expression of M2 markers in both microglia and bone marrow-derived macrophages, and these effects were reversed by a TGFBR2 inhibitor. In addition, as a carrier, LDH loaded with NT3 exhibited better recovery effects with regard to the basso mouse scale score, motor evoked potential performance, and regenerated neural cell numbers than LDH itself. Thus, we have developed Mg/Al-LDH that can be used to construct a suitable immune microenvironment for SCI recovery and have revealed the targeted receptor.
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Affiliation(s)
- Rongrong Zhu
- Division of Spine, Department of Orthopedics, Tongji Hospital, Tongji University School of Medicine, School of Life Science and Technology, Tongji University, Shanghai 200065, China
- Key Laboratory of Spine and Spinal Cord Injury Repair and Regeneration, Tongji University, Ministry of Education, Shanghai 200065, China
| | - Xingfei Zhu
- Division of Spine, Department of Orthopedics, Tongji Hospital, Tongji University School of Medicine, School of Life Science and Technology, Tongji University, Shanghai 200065, China
- Key Laboratory of Spine and Spinal Cord Injury Repair and Regeneration, Tongji University, Ministry of Education, Shanghai 200065, China
| | - Yanjing Zhu
- Division of Spine, Department of Orthopedics, Tongji Hospital, Tongji University School of Medicine, School of Life Science and Technology, Tongji University, Shanghai 200065, China
- Key Laboratory of Spine and Spinal Cord Injury Repair and Regeneration, Tongji University, Ministry of Education, Shanghai 200065, China
| | - Zhaojie Wang
- Division of Spine, Department of Orthopedics, Tongji Hospital, Tongji University School of Medicine, School of Life Science and Technology, Tongji University, Shanghai 200065, China
- Key Laboratory of Spine and Spinal Cord Injury Repair and Regeneration, Tongji University, Ministry of Education, Shanghai 200065, China
| | - Xiaolie He
- Division of Spine, Department of Orthopedics, Tongji Hospital, Tongji University School of Medicine, School of Life Science and Technology, Tongji University, Shanghai 200065, China
- Key Laboratory of Spine and Spinal Cord Injury Repair and Regeneration, Tongji University, Ministry of Education, Shanghai 200065, China
| | - Zhourui Wu
- Division of Spine, Department of Orthopedics, Tongji Hospital, Tongji University School of Medicine, School of Life Science and Technology, Tongji University, Shanghai 200065, China
- Key Laboratory of Spine and Spinal Cord Injury Repair and Regeneration, Tongji University, Ministry of Education, Shanghai 200065, China
| | - Lei Xue
- Department of Physiology and Biophysics, School of Life Sciences and Collaborative Innovation Centre for Brain Science, Fudan University, Shanghai 200438, China
| | - Wenyong Fan
- Department of Physiology and Biophysics, School of Life Sciences and Collaborative Innovation Centre for Brain Science, Fudan University, Shanghai 200438, China
| | - Ruiqi Huang
- Division of Spine, Department of Orthopedics, Tongji Hospital, Tongji University School of Medicine, School of Life Science and Technology, Tongji University, Shanghai 200065, China
- Key Laboratory of Spine and Spinal Cord Injury Repair and Regeneration, Tongji University, Ministry of Education, Shanghai 200065, China
| | - Zheng Xu
- Institute of Acoustics, School of Physics, Tongji University, Shanghai 200065, China
| | - Xi Qi
- Division of Spine, Department of Orthopedics, Tongji Hospital, Tongji University School of Medicine, School of Life Science and Technology, Tongji University, Shanghai 200065, China
- Key Laboratory of Spine and Spinal Cord Injury Repair and Regeneration, Tongji University, Ministry of Education, Shanghai 200065, China
| | - Wei Xu
- Division of Spine, Department of Orthopedics, Tongji Hospital, Tongji University School of Medicine, School of Life Science and Technology, Tongji University, Shanghai 200065, China
- Key Laboratory of Spine and Spinal Cord Injury Repair and Regeneration, Tongji University, Ministry of Education, Shanghai 200065, China
| | - Yan Yu
- Division of Spine, Department of Orthopedics, Tongji Hospital, Tongji University School of Medicine, School of Life Science and Technology, Tongji University, Shanghai 200065, China
- Key Laboratory of Spine and Spinal Cord Injury Repair and Regeneration, Tongji University, Ministry of Education, Shanghai 200065, China
| | - Yilong Ren
- Division of Spine, Department of Orthopedics, Tongji Hospital, Tongji University School of Medicine, School of Life Science and Technology, Tongji University, Shanghai 200065, China
- Key Laboratory of Spine and Spinal Cord Injury Repair and Regeneration, Tongji University, Ministry of Education, Shanghai 200065, China
| | - Chen Li
- Division of Spine, Department of Orthopedics, Tongji Hospital, Tongji University School of Medicine, School of Life Science and Technology, Tongji University, Shanghai 200065, China
- Key Laboratory of Spine and Spinal Cord Injury Repair and Regeneration, Tongji University, Ministry of Education, Shanghai 200065, China
| | - Qian Cheng
- Institute of Acoustics, School of Physics, Tongji University, Shanghai 200065, China
| | - Lan Ling
- College of Environmental Science and Engineering, Tongji University, Shanghai 200065, China
| | - Shilong Wang
- Research Center for Translational Medicine at East Hospital, School of Life Science and Technology, Tongji University, Shanghai 200092, China
| | - Liming Cheng
- Division of Spine, Department of Orthopedics, Tongji Hospital, Tongji University School of Medicine, School of Life Science and Technology, Tongji University, Shanghai 200065, China
- Key Laboratory of Spine and Spinal Cord Injury Repair and Regeneration, Tongji University, Ministry of Education, Shanghai 200065, China
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Jevans B, James ND, Burnside E, McCann CJ, Thapar N, Bradbury EJ, Burns AJ. Combined treatment with enteric neural stem cells and chondroitinase ABC reduces spinal cord lesion pathology. Stem Cell Res Ther 2021; 12:10. [PMID: 33407795 PMCID: PMC7789480 DOI: 10.1186/s13287-020-02031-9] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/06/2020] [Accepted: 11/16/2020] [Indexed: 12/15/2022] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Spinal cord injury (SCI) presents a significant challenge for the field of neurotherapeutics. Stem cells have shown promise in replenishing the cells lost to the injury process, but the release of axon growth-inhibitory molecules such as chondroitin sulfate proteoglycans (CSPGs) by activated cells within the injury site hinders the integration of transplanted cells. We hypothesised that simultaneous application of enteric neural stem cells (ENSCs) isolated from the gastrointestinal tract, with a lentivirus (LV) containing the enzyme chondroitinase ABC (ChABC), would enhance the regenerative potential of ENSCs after transplantation into the injured spinal cord. METHODS ENSCs were harvested from the GI tract of p7 rats, expanded in vitro and characterised. Adult rats bearing a contusion injury were randomly assigned to one of four groups: no treatment, LV-ChABC injection only, ENSC transplantation only or ENSC transplantation+LV-ChABC injection. After 16 weeks, rats were sacrificed and the harvested spinal cords examined for evidence of repair. RESULTS ENSC cultures contained a variety of neuronal subtypes suitable for replenishing cells lost through SCI. Following injury, transplanted ENSC-derived cells survived and ChABC successfully degraded CSPGs. We observed significant reductions in the injured tissue and cavity area, with the greatest improvements seen in the combined treatment group. ENSC-derived cells extended projections across the injury site into both the rostral and caudal host spinal cord, and ENSC transplantation significantly increased the number of cells extending axons across the injury site. Furthermore, the combined treatment resulted in a modest, but significant functional improvement by week 16, and we found no evidence of the spread of transplanted cells to ectopic locations or formation of tumours. CONCLUSIONS Regenerative effects of a combined treatment with ENSCs and ChABC surpassed either treatment alone, highlighting the importance of further research into combinatorial therapies for SCI. Our work provides evidence that stem cells taken from the adult gastrointestinal tract, an easily accessible source for autologous transplantation, could be strongly considered for the repair of central nervous system disorders.
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Affiliation(s)
- Benjamin Jevans
- Stem Cells and Regenerative Medicine, UCL Great Ormond Street Institute of Child Health, London, UK
- Present Address: German Centre for Neurodegenerative diseases (DZNE), Bonn, Germany
| | - Nicholas D James
- Regeneration Group, The Wolfson Centre for Age-Related Diseases, Institute of Psychiatry, Psychology & Neuroscience, King's College London, Guy's Campus, London, UK
| | - Emily Burnside
- Regeneration Group, The Wolfson Centre for Age-Related Diseases, Institute of Psychiatry, Psychology & Neuroscience, King's College London, Guy's Campus, London, UK
| | - Conor J McCann
- Stem Cells and Regenerative Medicine, UCL Great Ormond Street Institute of Child Health, London, UK
| | - Nikhil Thapar
- Stem Cells and Regenerative Medicine, UCL Great Ormond Street Institute of Child Health, London, UK
- Neurogastroenterology and Motility Unit, Department of Gastroenterology, Great Ormond Street Hospital, London, UK
- Present Address: Department of Paediatric Gastroenterology, Hepatology and Liver Transplant, Queensland Children's Hospital, Brisbane, Australia
| | - Elizabeth J Bradbury
- Regeneration Group, The Wolfson Centre for Age-Related Diseases, Institute of Psychiatry, Psychology & Neuroscience, King's College London, Guy's Campus, London, UK
| | - Alan J Burns
- Stem Cells and Regenerative Medicine, UCL Great Ormond Street Institute of Child Health, London, UK.
- Department of Clinical Genetics, Erasmus Medical Center, Rotterdam, The Netherlands.
- Present Address: Gastrointestinal Drug Discovery Unit, Takeda Pharmaceuticals International, Cambridge, USA.
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41
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Liu Q, Zhang L, Zhang J. Induced pluripotent stem cell-derived neural progenitor cell transplantation promotes regeneration and functional recovery after post-traumatic stress disorder in rats. Biomed Pharmacother 2021; 133:110981. [PMID: 33186796 DOI: 10.1016/j.biopha.2020.110981] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/21/2020] [Revised: 11/02/2020] [Accepted: 11/03/2020] [Indexed: 01/09/2023] Open
Abstract
Post-traumatic stress disorder (PTSD) is a mental disorder characterized by hippocampal neuron loss and cognitive dysfunction. The aim of the present study was to investigate the potential functional outcomes of transplantation of induced pluripotent stem cell-derived neural progenitor cells (iPSC-NPCs) for treating PTSD. Human induced pluripotent stem cell (iPSCs), differentiated into neural progenitor cells (NPCs) in vitro, were transplanted into the brain of rat. Following iPSC-NPCs transplantation, cognitive function was determined. The open field test and fear condition test indicated that long-term iPSC-NPCs transplantation ameliorated cognitive dysfunction and reduced freezing time in PTSD rats. Following testing, the brain of rat was analyzed using immunocytochemistry and immunofluorescence. The results revealed that iPSC-NPCs differentiated into neurons replacing the loss of hippocampus neurons, and iPSC-NPCs transplantation showed higher expression of glial fibrillary acidic protein (GFAP) and increased number of NeuN compared with the control group. Moreover, western blot analysis suggested enhanced expression of brain-derived neurotrophic factor (BDNF) in hippocampus tissue of iPSC-NPCs transplanted rats in comparison to the PBS group. Collectively, these findings showed that iPSC-NPCs could promote regeneration and motor function recovery in PTSD model.
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Affiliation(s)
- Qingzhen Liu
- State Key Laboratory of Pharmaceutical Biotechnology, School of Life Sciences, Nanjing University, No. 163, Xianlin Avenue, Qixia District, Nanjing, 210023, China; Department of Anesthesiology, Jinling Hospital, School of Medicine, Nanjing University, Nanjing, 210002, China
| | - Lidong Zhang
- Department of Anesthesiology, Jinling Hospital, School of Medicine, Nanjing University, Nanjing, 210002, China.
| | - Junfeng Zhang
- State Key Laboratory of Pharmaceutical Biotechnology, School of Life Sciences, Nanjing University, No. 163, Xianlin Avenue, Qixia District, Nanjing, 210023, China.
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Wei N, Sun Z, Yu J, Jia Y, Zheng P, Tang H, Chen J. Immunological Responses to Transgene-Modified Neural Stem Cells After Transplantation. Front Immunol 2021; 12:697203. [PMID: 34248998 PMCID: PMC8262771 DOI: 10.3389/fimmu.2021.697203] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/19/2021] [Accepted: 06/08/2021] [Indexed: 02/05/2023] Open
Abstract
Neural stem cell (NSC) therapy is a promising therapeutic strategy for stroke. Researchers have frequently carried out genetic modification or gene editing of stem cells to improve survival or therapeutic function. However, NSC transplantation carries the risk of immune rejection, and genetic modification or gene-editing might further increase this risk. For instance, recent studies have reported on manipulating the stem cell genome and transplantation via the insertion of an exogenous gene derived from magnetotactic bacteria. However, whether transgene-modified stem cells are capable of inducing immunological reactions has not been explored. Although NSCs rarely express the major histocompatibility complex (MHC), they can still cause some immunological issues. To investigate whether transgene-modified NSCs aggravate immunological responses, we detected the changes in peripheral immune organs and intracerebral astrocytes, glial cells, and MHC-I and MHC-II molecules after the injection of GFP-labeled or mms6-GFP-labeled NSCs in a rat model. Xenogeneic human embryonic kidney (HEK-293T) cells were grafted as a positive control group. Our results indicated that xenogeneic cell transplantation resulted in a strong peripheral splenic response, increased astrocytes, enhanced microglial responses, and upregulation of MHC-I and MHC-II expression on the third day of transplantation. But they decreased obviously except Iba-1 positive cells and MHC-II expression. When injection of both mms6-GFP-labeled NSCs and GFP-labeled NSCs also induced similar responses as HEK-293T cells on the third days, but MHC-I and MHC-II expression decreased 3 weeks after transplantation. In addition, mms6 transgene-modified NSCs did not produce peripheral splenic response responses as well as astrocytes, microglial cells, MHC-I and MHC-II positive cells responses when compared with non-modified NSCs. The present study provides preliminary evidence that transgenic modification does not aggravate immunological responses in NSC transplantation.
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Affiliation(s)
- Naili Wei
- Department of Neurosurgery, The First Affiliated Hospital of Shantou University Medical College, Guangdong, China
| | - Zhenxing Sun
- Department of Neurosurgery, Beijing Tsinghua Changgung Hospital, School of Clinical Medicine, Tsinghua University, Beijing, China
| | - Jimei Yu
- Department of Nursing, Huashan Hospital North, Fudan University, Shanghai, China
| | - Yanfei Jia
- Department of Neurosurgery, The Second Hospital of Lanzhou University, Lanzhou, China
| | - Peiqi Zheng
- Department of Neurosurgery, The First Affiliated Hospital of Shantou University Medical College, Guangdong, China
| | - Hailiang Tang
- Department of Neurosurgery, Huashan Hospital, Fudan University, Shanghai, China
- *Correspondence: Hailiang Tang, ; Jian Chen,
| | - Jian Chen
- Department of Neurosurgery, The First Affiliated Hospital of Shantou University Medical College, Guangdong, China
- *Correspondence: Hailiang Tang, ; Jian Chen,
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Lourenço DM, Ribeiro-Rodrigues L, Sebastião AM, Diógenes MJ, Xapelli S. Neural Stem Cells and Cannabinoids in the Spotlight as Potential Therapy for Epilepsy. Int J Mol Sci 2020; 21:E7309. [PMID: 33022963 PMCID: PMC7582633 DOI: 10.3390/ijms21197309] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/10/2020] [Revised: 09/28/2020] [Accepted: 09/30/2020] [Indexed: 01/18/2023] Open
Abstract
Epilepsy is one of the most common brain diseases worldwide, having a huge burden in society. The main hallmark of epilepsy is the occurrence of spontaneous recurrent seizures, having a tremendous impact on the lives of the patients and of their relatives. Currently, the therapeutic strategies are mostly based on the use of antiepileptic drugs, and because several types of epilepsies are of unknown origin, a high percentage of patients are resistant to the available pharmacotherapy, continuing to experience seizures overtime. Therefore, the search for new drugs and therapeutic targets is highly important. One key aspect to be targeted is the aberrant adult hippocampal neurogenesis (AHN) derived from Neural Stem Cells (NSCs). Indeed, targeting seizure-induced AHN may reduce recurrent seizures and shed some light on the mechanisms of disease. The endocannabinoid system is a known modulator of AHN, and due to the known endogenous antiepileptic properties, it is an interesting candidate for the generation of new antiepileptic drugs. However, further studies and clinical trials are required to investigate the putative mechanisms by which cannabinoids can be used to treat epilepsy. In this manuscript, we will review how cannabinoid-induced modulation of NSCs may promote neural plasticity and whether these drugs can be used as putative antiepileptic treatment.
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Affiliation(s)
- Diogo M. Lourenço
- Instituto de Farmacologia e Neurociências, Faculdade de Medicina, Universidade de Lisboa, 1649-028 Lisboa, Portugal; (D.M.L.); (L.R.-R.); (A.M.S.); (M.J.D.)
- Instituto de Medicina Molecular João Lobo Antunes, Faculdade de Medicina, Universidade de Lisboa, 1649-028 Lisboa, Portugal
| | - Leonor Ribeiro-Rodrigues
- Instituto de Farmacologia e Neurociências, Faculdade de Medicina, Universidade de Lisboa, 1649-028 Lisboa, Portugal; (D.M.L.); (L.R.-R.); (A.M.S.); (M.J.D.)
- Instituto de Medicina Molecular João Lobo Antunes, Faculdade de Medicina, Universidade de Lisboa, 1649-028 Lisboa, Portugal
| | - Ana M. Sebastião
- Instituto de Farmacologia e Neurociências, Faculdade de Medicina, Universidade de Lisboa, 1649-028 Lisboa, Portugal; (D.M.L.); (L.R.-R.); (A.M.S.); (M.J.D.)
- Instituto de Medicina Molecular João Lobo Antunes, Faculdade de Medicina, Universidade de Lisboa, 1649-028 Lisboa, Portugal
| | - Maria J. Diógenes
- Instituto de Farmacologia e Neurociências, Faculdade de Medicina, Universidade de Lisboa, 1649-028 Lisboa, Portugal; (D.M.L.); (L.R.-R.); (A.M.S.); (M.J.D.)
- Instituto de Medicina Molecular João Lobo Antunes, Faculdade de Medicina, Universidade de Lisboa, 1649-028 Lisboa, Portugal
| | - Sara Xapelli
- Instituto de Farmacologia e Neurociências, Faculdade de Medicina, Universidade de Lisboa, 1649-028 Lisboa, Portugal; (D.M.L.); (L.R.-R.); (A.M.S.); (M.J.D.)
- Instituto de Medicina Molecular João Lobo Antunes, Faculdade de Medicina, Universidade de Lisboa, 1649-028 Lisboa, Portugal
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Fernández‐Muñoz B, Rosell‐Valle C, Ferrari D, Alba‐Amador J, Montiel MÁ, Campos‐Cuerva R, Lopez‐Navas L, Muñoz‐Escalona M, Martín‐López M, Profico DC, Blanco MF, Giorgetti A, González‐Muñoz E, Márquez‐Rivas J, Sanchez‐Pernaute R. Retrieval of germinal zone neural stem cells from the cerebrospinal fluid of premature infants with intraventricular hemorrhage. Stem Cells Transl Med 2020; 9:1085-1101. [PMID: 32475061 PMCID: PMC7445027 DOI: 10.1002/sctm.19-0323] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/26/2019] [Revised: 03/10/2020] [Accepted: 04/29/2020] [Indexed: 12/13/2022] Open
Abstract
Intraventricular hemorrhage is a common cause of morbidity and mortality in premature infants. The rupture of the germinal zone into the ventricles entails loss of neural stem cells and disturbs the normal cytoarchitecture of the region, compromising late neurogliogenesis. Here we demonstrate that neural stem cells can be easily and robustly isolated from the hemorrhagic cerebrospinal fluid obtained during therapeutic neuroendoscopic lavage in preterm infants with severe intraventricular hemorrhage. Our analyses demonstrate that these neural stem cells, although similar to human fetal cell lines, display distinctive hallmarks related to their regional and developmental origin in the germinal zone of the ventral forebrain, the ganglionic eminences that give rise to interneurons and oligodendrocytes. These cells can be expanded, cryopreserved, and differentiated in vitro and in vivo in the brain of nude mice and show no sign of tumoral transformation 6 months after transplantation. This novel class of neural stem cells poses no ethical concerns, as the fluid is usually discarded, and could be useful for the development of an autologous therapy for preterm infants, aiming to restore late neurogliogenesis and attenuate neurocognitive deficits. Furthermore, these cells represent a valuable tool for the study of the final stages of human brain development and germinal zone biology.
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Affiliation(s)
- Beatriz Fernández‐Muñoz
- Unidad de Producción y Reprogramación Celular (UPRC)Red Andaluza para el diseño y traslación de Terapias AvanzadasSevillaSpain
- Grupo de Neurociencia aplicadaInstituto de Biomedicina de SevillaSevillaSpain
| | - Cristina Rosell‐Valle
- Unidad de Producción y Reprogramación Celular (UPRC)Red Andaluza para el diseño y traslación de Terapias AvanzadasSevillaSpain
| | - Daniela Ferrari
- Department of Biotechnology and BiosciencesUniversity Milan‐BicoccaMilanItaly
| | - Julia Alba‐Amador
- Unidad de Producción y Reprogramación Celular (UPRC)Red Andaluza para el diseño y traslación de Terapias AvanzadasSevillaSpain
| | - Miguel Ángel Montiel
- Unidad de Producción y Reprogramación Celular (UPRC)Red Andaluza para el diseño y traslación de Terapias AvanzadasSevillaSpain
| | - Rafael Campos‐Cuerva
- Unidad de Producción y Reprogramación Celular (UPRC)Red Andaluza para el diseño y traslación de Terapias AvanzadasSevillaSpain
- Centro de TransfusionesTejidos y Células de Sevilla (CTTS)SevillaSpain
| | - Luis Lopez‐Navas
- Departamento de PreclínicaRed Andaluza de Diseño y Traslación de Terapias AvanzadasSevillaSpain
| | - María Muñoz‐Escalona
- Unidad de Producción y Reprogramación Celular (UPRC)Red Andaluza para el diseño y traslación de Terapias AvanzadasSevillaSpain
- Present address:
Centre for Genomics and Oncological Research (GENYO)GranadaSpain
| | - María Martín‐López
- Unidad de Producción y Reprogramación Celular (UPRC)Red Andaluza para el diseño y traslación de Terapias AvanzadasSevillaSpain
- Grupo de Neurociencia aplicadaInstituto de Biomedicina de SevillaSevillaSpain
| | - Daniela Celeste Profico
- Fondazione IRCCS Casa Sollievo della SofferenzaProduction Unit of Advanced Therapies (UPTA)San Giovanni RotondoItaly
| | - Manuel Francisco Blanco
- Unidad de Producción y Reprogramación Celular (UPRC)Red Andaluza para el diseño y traslación de Terapias AvanzadasSevillaSpain
| | - Alessandra Giorgetti
- Regenerative Medicine ProgramBellvitge Biomedical Research Institute (IDIBELL); Program for Translation of Regenerative Medicine in Catalonia (P‐CMRC)BarcelonaSpain
| | - Elena González‐Muñoz
- Department of Cell BiologyGenetics and Physiology, University of MálagaMálagaSpain
- Department of Regenerative NanomedicineAndalusian Center for Nanomedicine and Biotechnology‐BIONANDMálagaSpain
- Networking Research Center on BioengineeringBiomaterials and Nanomedicine (CIBER‐BBN). Carlos III Health Institute (ISCIII)Spain
| | - Javier Márquez‐Rivas
- Grupo de Neurociencia aplicadaInstituto de Biomedicina de SevillaSevillaSpain
- Neurosurgery DepartmentHospital Virgen del RocíoSevillaSpain
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Boese AC, Eckert A, Hamblin MH, Lee JP. Human neural stem cells improve early stage stroke outcome in delayed tissue plasminogen activator-treated aged stroke brains. Exp Neurol 2020; 329:113275. [PMID: 32147438 PMCID: PMC7609039 DOI: 10.1016/j.expneurol.2020.113275] [Citation(s) in RCA: 29] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/15/2020] [Revised: 02/26/2020] [Accepted: 03/03/2020] [Indexed: 12/24/2022]
Abstract
INTRODUCTION Clinically, significant stroke injury results from ischemia-reperfusion (IR), which induces a deleterious biphasic opening of the blood-brain barrier (BBB). Tissue plasminogen activator (tPA) remains the sole pharmacological agent to treat ischemic stroke. However, major limitations of tPA treatment include a narrow effective therapeutic window of 4.5 h in most patients after initial stroke onset and off-target non-thrombolytic effects (e.g., the risk of increased IR injury). We hypothesized that ameliorating BBB damage with exogenous human neural stem cells (hNSCs) would improve stroke outcome to a greater extent than treatment with delayed tPA alone in aged stroke mice. METHODS We employed middle cerebral artery occlusion to produce focal ischemia with subsequent reperfusion (MCAO/R) in aged mice and administered tPA at a delayed time point (6 h post-stroke) via tail vein. We transplanted hNSCs intracranially in the subacute phase of stroke (24 h post-stroke). We assessed the outcomes of hNSC transplantation on pathophysiological markers of stroke 48 h post-stroke (24 h post-transplant). RESULTS Delayed tPA treatment resulted in more extensive BBB damage and inflammation relative to MCAO controls. Notably, transplantation of hNSCs ameliorated delayed tPA-induced escalated stroke damage; decreased expression of proinflammatory factors (tumor necrosis factor-alpha (TNF-α) and interleukin (IL)-6), decreased the level of matrix metalloprotease-9 (MMP-9), increased the level of brain-derived neurotrophic factor (BDNF), and reduced BBB damage. CONCLUSIONS Aged stroke mice that received delayed tPA treatment in combination with hNSC transplantation exhibited reduced stroke pathophysiology in comparison to non-transplanted stroke mice with delayed tPA. This suggests that hNSC transplantation may synergize with already existing stroke therapies to benefit a larger stroke patient population.
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Affiliation(s)
- Austin C Boese
- Department of Physiology, Tulane University School of Medicine, New Orleans, LA 70112, USA
| | - Auston Eckert
- Department of Physiology, Tulane University School of Medicine, New Orleans, LA 70112, USA
| | - Milton H Hamblin
- Department of Pharmacology, Tulane University School of Medicine, New Orleans, LA 70112, USA
| | - Jean-Pyo Lee
- Department of Physiology, Tulane University School of Medicine, New Orleans, LA 70112, USA; Tulane Brain Institute, Tulane University, New Orleans, LA 70112, USA.
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Abstract
Spinal cord injury remains a scientific and therapeutic challenge with great cost to individuals and society. The goal of research in this field is to find a means of restoring lost function. Recently we have seen considerable progress in understanding the injury process and the capacity of CNS neurons to regenerate, as well as innovations in stem cell biology. This presents an opportunity to develop effective transplantation strategies to provide new neural cells to promote the formation of new neuronal networks and functional connectivity. Past and ongoing clinical studies have demonstrated the safety of cell therapy, and preclinical research has used models of spinal cord injury to better elucidate the underlying mechanisms through which donor cells interact with the host and thus increase long-term efficacy. While a variety of cell therapies have been explored, we focus here on the use of neural progenitor cells obtained or derived from different sources to promote connectivity in sensory, motor and autonomic systems.
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Affiliation(s)
- Itzhak Fischer
- Department of Neurobiology and Anatomy, Drexel University College of Medicine, Philadelphia, PA, USA.
| | - Jennifer N Dulin
- Department of Biology, Texas A&M University, College Station, TX, USA
| | - Michael A Lane
- Department of Neurobiology and Anatomy, Drexel University College of Medicine, Philadelphia, PA, USA
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47
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Fedorchak NJ, Iyer N, Ashton RS. Bioengineering tissue morphogenesis and function in human neural organoids. Semin Cell Dev Biol 2020; 111:52-59. [PMID: 32540123 DOI: 10.1016/j.semcdb.2020.05.025] [Citation(s) in RCA: 21] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/31/2019] [Revised: 04/17/2020] [Accepted: 05/27/2020] [Indexed: 12/12/2022]
Abstract
Over the last decade, scientists have begun to model CNS development, function, and disease in vitro using human pluripotent stem cell (hPSC)-derived organoids. Using traditional protocols, these 3D tissues are generated by combining the innate emergent properties of differentiating hPSC aggregates with a bioreactor environment that induces interstitial transport of oxygen and nutrients and an optional supportive hydrogel extracellular matrix (ECM). During extended culture, the hPSC-derived neural organoids (hNOs) obtain millimeter scale sizes with internal microscale cytoarchitectures, cellular phenotypes, and neuronal circuit behaviors mimetic of those observed in the developing brain, eye, or spinal cord. Early studies evaluated the cytoarchitectural and phenotypical character of these organoids and provided unprecedented insight into the morphogenetic processes that govern CNS development. Comparisons to human fetal tissues revealed their significant similarities and differences. While hNOs have current disease modeling applications and significant future promise, their value as anatomical and physiological models is limited because they fail to form reproducibly and recapitulate more mature in vivo features. These include biomimetic macroscale tissue morphology, positioning of morphogen signaling centers to orchestrate appropriate spatial organization and intra- and inter-connectivity of discrete tissue regions, maturation of physiologically relevant neural circuits, and formation of vascular networks that can support sustained in vitro tissue growth. To address these inadequacies scientists have begun to integrate organoid culture with bioengineering techniques and methodologies including genome editing, biomaterials, and microfabricated and microfluidic platforms that enable spatiotemporal control of cellular differentiation or the biochemical and biophysical cues that orchestrate organoid morphogenesis. This review will examine recent advances in hNO technologies and culture strategies that promote reproducible in vitro morphogenesis and greater biomimicry in structure and function.
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Affiliation(s)
- Nikolai J Fedorchak
- Wisconsin Institute for Discovery, University of Wisconsin-Madison, Madison, WI 53715, United States
| | - Nisha Iyer
- Wisconsin Institute for Discovery, University of Wisconsin-Madison, Madison, WI 53715, United States
| | - Randolph S Ashton
- Wisconsin Institute for Discovery, University of Wisconsin-Madison, Madison, WI 53715, United States; Department of Biomedical Engineering, University of Wisconsin-Madison, Madison, WI 53706, United States.
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Wang Z, Yang X, He J, Du J, Liu S, Jia X. Intracerebroventricular Administration of Neural Stem Cells after Cardiac Arrest. Annu Int Conf IEEE Eng Med Biol Soc 2020; 2019:4213-4216. [PMID: 31946798 DOI: 10.1109/embc.2019.8857270] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/10/2022]
Abstract
Cardiac arrest (CA) is a serious disease with high rates of mortality and disability worldwide. Currently, neither pharmacological intervention nor therapeutic hypothermia can reverse the neural injury caused by CA. Neural stem cell therapy is a promising treatment for brain injury. We investigated the effects of the intracerebroventricular (ICV) administration of human neural stem cells (hNSCs) on global brain ischemia injury after CA. Twelve Long-Evans rats (4 Male and 8 female) subjected to 8-min asphyxia-CA were randomly assigned to hNSC treatment (n=7) or control group (n=5). The hNSCs were slowly infused into the left lateral ventricular 3 hours after resuscitation. An additional two rats subjected to 8-min asphyxia-CA were euthanized at 4 weeks after resuscitation to confirm the survival and function of transplanted PKH26 pre-labeled hNSCs by brain slides and whole cell patch clamp. Electrophysiological monitoring, quantitative EEG value (qEEG-IQ) and neurological deficit score (NDS) were used to evaluate the functional outcome. Immunofluorescence staining was used to investigate the survival of neurons and track migration of hNSCs. There was a significant improvement on the behavior tests evaluated as a subgroup of NDS (p <; 0.05) in the NSCs group than the control group. Immunofluorescent co-staining of PKH26 and NeuN verified the neuronal differentiation from transplanted PKH26+ hNSCs in the hippocampus CA1 and cortex 4 weeks after CA. The whole-cell patch clamp technique confirmed the spontaneous firing activity that was recorded in cell-attached mode from the functional mature neurons derived from transplanted cells. Transplanted hNSCs via ICV administration markedly improved neurologic outcomes after CA. Further studies are needed to elucidate the neuroprotective mechanism.
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De Gioia R, Biella F, Citterio G, Rizzo F, Abati E, Nizzardo M, Bresolin N, Comi GP, Corti S. Neural Stem Cell Transplantation for Neurodegenerative Diseases. Int J Mol Sci 2020; 21:E3103. [PMID: 32354178 PMCID: PMC7247151 DOI: 10.3390/ijms21093103] [Citation(s) in RCA: 84] [Impact Index Per Article: 21.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/30/2020] [Revised: 04/24/2020] [Accepted: 04/27/2020] [Indexed: 01/19/2023] Open
Abstract
Neurodegenerative diseases are disabling and fatal neurological disorders that currently lack effective treatment. Neural stem cell (NSC) transplantation has been studied as a potential therapeutic approach and appears to exert a beneficial effect against neurodegeneration via different mechanisms, such as the production of neurotrophic factors, decreased neuroinflammation, enhanced neuronal plasticity and cell replacement. Thus, NSC transplantation may represent an effective therapeutic strategy. To exploit NSCs' potential, some of their essential biological characteristics must be thoroughly investigated, including the specific markers for NSC subpopulations, to allow profiling and selection. Another key feature is their secretome, which is responsible for the regulation of intercellular communication, neuroprotection, and immunomodulation. In addition, NSCs must properly migrate into the central nervous system (CNS) and integrate into host neuronal circuits, enhancing neuroplasticity. Understanding and modulating these aspects can allow us to further exploit the therapeutic potential of NSCs. Recent progress in gene editing and cellular engineering techniques has opened up the possibility of modifying NSCs to express select candidate molecules to further enhance their therapeutic effects. This review summarizes current knowledge regarding these aspects, promoting the development of stem cell therapies that could be applied safely and effectively in clinical settings.
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Affiliation(s)
- Roberta De Gioia
- Foundation IRCCS Ca’ Granda Ospedale Maggiore Policlinico, Neurology Unit, Via Francesco Sforza 35, 20122 Milan, Italy
| | - Fabio Biella
- Dino Ferrari Centre, Neuroscience Section, Department of Pathophysiology and Transplantation (DEPT), University of Milan, 20122 Milan, Italy
| | - Gaia Citterio
- Dino Ferrari Centre, Neuroscience Section, Department of Pathophysiology and Transplantation (DEPT), University of Milan, 20122 Milan, Italy
| | - Federica Rizzo
- Foundation IRCCS Ca’ Granda Ospedale Maggiore Policlinico, Neurology Unit, Via Francesco Sforza 35, 20122 Milan, Italy
- Dino Ferrari Centre, Neuroscience Section, Department of Pathophysiology and Transplantation (DEPT), University of Milan, 20122 Milan, Italy
| | - Elena Abati
- Dino Ferrari Centre, Neuroscience Section, Department of Pathophysiology and Transplantation (DEPT), University of Milan, 20122 Milan, Italy
| | - Monica Nizzardo
- Foundation IRCCS Ca’ Granda Ospedale Maggiore Policlinico, Neurology Unit, Via Francesco Sforza 35, 20122 Milan, Italy
- Dino Ferrari Centre, Neuroscience Section, Department of Pathophysiology and Transplantation (DEPT), University of Milan, 20122 Milan, Italy
| | - Nereo Bresolin
- Foundation IRCCS Ca’ Granda Ospedale Maggiore Policlinico, Neurology Unit, Via Francesco Sforza 35, 20122 Milan, Italy
- Dino Ferrari Centre, Neuroscience Section, Department of Pathophysiology and Transplantation (DEPT), University of Milan, 20122 Milan, Italy
| | - Giacomo Pietro Comi
- Dino Ferrari Centre, Neuroscience Section, Department of Pathophysiology and Transplantation (DEPT), University of Milan, 20122 Milan, Italy
- Foundation IRCCS Ca’ Granda Ospedale Maggiore Policlinico, Neuromuscular and Rare Diseases Unit, Via Francesco Sforza 35, 20122 Milan, Italy
| | - Stefania Corti
- Foundation IRCCS Ca’ Granda Ospedale Maggiore Policlinico, Neurology Unit, Via Francesco Sforza 35, 20122 Milan, Italy
- Dino Ferrari Centre, Neuroscience Section, Department of Pathophysiology and Transplantation (DEPT), University of Milan, 20122 Milan, Italy
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50
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Besusso D, Schellino R, Boido M, Belloli S, Parolisi R, Conforti P, Faedo A, Cernigoj M, Campus I, Laporta A, Bocchi VD, Murtaj V, Parmar M, Spaiardi P, Talpo F, Maniezzi C, Toselli MG, Biella G, Moresco RM, Vercelli A, Buffo A, Cattaneo E. Stem Cell-Derived Human Striatal Progenitors Innervate Striatal Targets and Alleviate Sensorimotor Deficit in a Rat Model of Huntington Disease. Stem Cell Reports 2020; 14:876-891. [PMID: 32302555 PMCID: PMC7220987 DOI: 10.1016/j.stemcr.2020.03.018] [Citation(s) in RCA: 16] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/21/2019] [Revised: 03/17/2020] [Accepted: 03/18/2020] [Indexed: 01/13/2023] Open
Abstract
Huntington disease (HD) is an inherited late-onset neurological disorder characterized by progressive neuronal loss and disruption of cortical and basal ganglia circuits. Cell replacement using human embryonic stem cells may offer the opportunity to repair the damaged circuits and significantly ameliorate disease conditions. Here, we showed that in-vitro-differentiated human striatal progenitors undergo maturation and integrate into host circuits upon intra-striatal transplantation in a rat model of HD. By combining graft-specific immunohistochemistry, rabies virus-mediated synaptic tracing, and ex vivo electrophysiology, we showed that grafts can extend projections to the appropriate target structures, including the globus pallidus, the subthalamic nucleus, and the substantia nigra, and receive synaptic contact from both host and graft cells with 6.6 ± 1.6 inputs cell per transplanted neuron. We have also shown that transplants elicited a significant improvement in sensory-motor tasks up to 2 months post-transplant further supporting the therapeutic potential of this approach. hESC-derived striatal progenitors give rise to MSNs in a neurotoxin model of HD Donor transplants extend projections to appropriate striatal target regions Grafted cells establish synaptic contact with both donor and resident cells Transplanted animals show improvements in HD-related sensorimotor responses
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Affiliation(s)
- Dario Besusso
- Department of Biosciences, University of Milan, Milan, 20133 Italy; Istituto Nazionale di Genetica Molecolare "Romeo ed Enrica Invernizzi", Milan, 20122 Italy.
| | - Roberta Schellino
- Department of Neuroscience Rita Levi-Montalcini, University of Turin, Turin 10124, Italy; Neuroscience Institute Cavalieri Ottolenghi, University of Turin, Orbassano, 10043 Italy
| | - Marina Boido
- Department of Neuroscience Rita Levi-Montalcini, University of Turin, Turin 10124, Italy; Neuroscience Institute Cavalieri Ottolenghi, University of Turin, Orbassano, 10043 Italy
| | - Sara Belloli
- Institute of Molecular Bioimaging and Physiology of CNR, Segrate, Milan, 20090 Italy; PET and Nuclear Medicine Unit, San Raffaele Scientific Institute, Milan 20132, Italy
| | - Roberta Parolisi
- Department of Neuroscience Rita Levi-Montalcini, University of Turin, Turin 10124, Italy; Neuroscience Institute Cavalieri Ottolenghi, University of Turin, Orbassano, 10043 Italy
| | - Paola Conforti
- Department of Biosciences, University of Milan, Milan, 20133 Italy; Istituto Nazionale di Genetica Molecolare "Romeo ed Enrica Invernizzi", Milan, 20122 Italy
| | - Andrea Faedo
- Department of Biosciences, University of Milan, Milan, 20133 Italy; Istituto Nazionale di Genetica Molecolare "Romeo ed Enrica Invernizzi", Milan, 20122 Italy
| | - Manuel Cernigoj
- Department of Biosciences, University of Milan, Milan, 20133 Italy; Istituto Nazionale di Genetica Molecolare "Romeo ed Enrica Invernizzi", Milan, 20122 Italy
| | - Ilaria Campus
- Department of Biosciences, University of Milan, Milan, 20133 Italy; Istituto Nazionale di Genetica Molecolare "Romeo ed Enrica Invernizzi", Milan, 20122 Italy
| | - Angela Laporta
- Department of Biosciences, University of Milan, Milan, 20133 Italy; Istituto Nazionale di Genetica Molecolare "Romeo ed Enrica Invernizzi", Milan, 20122 Italy
| | - Vittoria Dickinson Bocchi
- Department of Biosciences, University of Milan, Milan, 20133 Italy; Istituto Nazionale di Genetica Molecolare "Romeo ed Enrica Invernizzi", Milan, 20122 Italy
| | - Valentina Murtaj
- PET and Nuclear Medicine Unit, San Raffaele Scientific Institute, Milan 20132, Italy; PhD Program in Neuroscience, Department of Medicine and Surgery, University of Milano - Bicocca, Monza MB, 20900 Italy
| | - Malin Parmar
- Wallenberg Neuroscience Center and Lund Stem Cell Center, Lund University, 22184 Lund, Sweden
| | - Paolo Spaiardi
- Department of Biology and Biotechnologies, University of Pavia, Pavia, 27100 Italy
| | - Francesca Talpo
- Department of Biology and Biotechnologies, University of Pavia, Pavia, 27100 Italy
| | - Claudia Maniezzi
- Department of Biology and Biotechnologies, University of Pavia, Pavia, 27100 Italy
| | | | - Gerardo Biella
- Department of Biology and Biotechnologies, University of Pavia, Pavia, 27100 Italy
| | - Rosa Maria Moresco
- Institute of Molecular Bioimaging and Physiology of CNR, Segrate, Milan, 20090 Italy; PET and Nuclear Medicine Unit, San Raffaele Scientific Institute, Milan 20132, Italy; Department of Medicine and Surgery, University of Milano - Bicocca, Monza MB, 20900 Italy
| | - Alessandro Vercelli
- Department of Neuroscience Rita Levi-Montalcini, University of Turin, Turin 10124, Italy; Neuroscience Institute Cavalieri Ottolenghi, University of Turin, Orbassano, 10043 Italy
| | - Annalisa Buffo
- Department of Neuroscience Rita Levi-Montalcini, University of Turin, Turin 10124, Italy; Neuroscience Institute Cavalieri Ottolenghi, University of Turin, Orbassano, 10043 Italy.
| | - Elena Cattaneo
- Department of Biosciences, University of Milan, Milan, 20133 Italy; Istituto Nazionale di Genetica Molecolare "Romeo ed Enrica Invernizzi", Milan, 20122 Italy.
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