201
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Xu H, Suslick KS. Water-soluble fluorescent silver nanoclusters. ADVANCED MATERIALS (DEERFIELD BEACH, FLA.) 2010; 22:1078-82. [PMID: 20401932 DOI: 10.1002/adma.200904199] [Citation(s) in RCA: 308] [Impact Index Per Article: 22.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/02/2023]
Abstract
Ag nanoclusters consist of several to roughly a hundred atoms and possess sizes comparable to the Fermi wavelength of electrons; they exhibit molecule-like properties, including discrete electronic transitions and strong fluorescence. These nanoclusters are of significant interest because they provide the bridge between atomic and nanoparticle behavior in noble metals. Since the first observations of photoluminescence from Ag nanoclusters, substantial effort has been made to prepare Ag nanoclusters and explore their potential applications. The synthesis of well-defined Ag nanoclusters, however, is difficult due to aggregation of nanoclusters, especially in aqueous solutions. In this Research News article, we highlight some recent progress on solution-based synthesis of water-soluble Ag nanoclusters using radiolytic, chemical reduction and photochemical approaches to prepare fluorescent Ag nanoclusters.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hangxun Xu
- School of Chemical Sciences University of Illinois at Urbana-Champaign, USA
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202
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Kravets VG, Zoriniants G, Burrows CP, Schedin F, Geim AK, Barnes WL, Grigorenko AN. Composite au nanostructures for fluorescence studies in visible light. NANO LETTERS 2010; 10:874-879. [PMID: 20143865 DOI: 10.1021/nl903498h] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/28/2023]
Abstract
We present results from composite plasmonic nanostructures designed to achieve the cascaded enhancement of electromagnetic fields at optical frequencies. Our structures comprise a small metallic nanodisc suspended above a larger disk. We probe the optical properties of these structures by coating them with a layer of a visible-light fluorophore and observing fluorescence signals with the help of scanning confocal microscopy. A 43 +/- 5-fold increase in the far-field fluorescence signal has been observed for two-tier composite nanostructures, when compared to the signal obtained from individual nanodiscs. Our results offer the prospect of using such nanostructures for field concentration, optical manipulation of nanoobjects, chemical and biological sensing.
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Affiliation(s)
- V G Kravets
- School of Physics and Astronomy, University of Manchester, Manchester, M13 9PL, UK
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203
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Al-Shemmary A, Buchwald R, Al-Shamery K. Surface photochemistry of CO adsorbed on alumina supported nanoparticulate platinum. JOURNAL OF PHYSICS. CONDENSED MATTER : AN INSTITUTE OF PHYSICS JOURNAL 2010; 22:084011. [PMID: 21389387 DOI: 10.1088/0953-8984/22/8/084011] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/30/2023]
Abstract
Laser induced desorption of CO adsorbed on platinum nanoparticles on an epitaxial alumina support grown on NiAl(110) is reported for nanosecond laser excitation at λ = 355 nm. The nominal amount of platinum deposited was 0.1 nm, resulting in platinum particles with an average diameter of a few nanometres. The laser fluence was systematically varied between 6.4 and 25.5 mJ cm (- 2) per pulse. Fourier transform infrared reflection absorption spectra have been recorded as a function of CO coverage, the laser fluence and the number of photons impinging on the surface. Laser desorption is observed, in contrast to the case for experiments on Pt(111) for the same laser wavelength. For laser fluences below 12.7 mJ cm (- 2) per pulse, a cross section of (1.1 ± 0.2) × 10 (- 19) cm(2) can be estimated from the measurements. At elevated fluences a second desorption channel occurs with a cross section more than an order of magnitude larger, scaling linearly with the laser fluence. In all cases desorption ends at a critical coverage beyond which no desorption occurs and which depends on the laser fluence. Laser induced particle morphology changes are observed for higher laser fluences which are not apparent for bare particles. A model implying energy pooling within adsorbates at hot spots and even spillover between the metal nanoparticles and the oxidic support is discussed. Implications for the design of photocatalysts with possible use in chemical solar energy conversion are pointed out.
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Affiliation(s)
- A Al-Shemmary
- Carl von Ossietzky Universität Oldenburg, Institute for Pure and Applied Chemistry and Centre of Interface Science, PO Box 2503, D-26111 Oldenburg, Germany
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204
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He MC, Li YQ, Zhu YX, Zhang Y. Metal nanoparticle-enhanced room temperature phosphorescence of diiodofluorescein on the filter paper substrate. CHINESE CHEM LETT 2010. [DOI: 10.1016/j.cclet.2009.08.008] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/20/2022]
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205
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Zidki T, Cohen H, Meyerstein D. Photochemical induced growth and aggregation of metal nanoparticles in diode-array spectrophotometer via excited dimethyl-sulfoxide. Phys Chem Chem Phys 2010; 12:12862-7. [DOI: 10.1039/c0cp01037e] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/21/2022]
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206
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“Green” approach for self-assembly of platinum nanoparticles into nanowires in aqueous glucose solutions. Colloids Surf A Physicochem Eng Asp 2009. [DOI: 10.1016/j.colsurfa.2009.07.013] [Citation(s) in RCA: 23] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/23/2022]
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207
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Yang J, Sargent EH, Kelley SO, Ying JY. A general phase-transfer protocol for metal ions and its application in nanocrystal synthesis. NATURE MATERIALS 2009; 8:683-9. [PMID: 19597500 DOI: 10.1038/nmat2490] [Citation(s) in RCA: 207] [Impact Index Per Article: 13.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/18/2008] [Accepted: 05/22/2009] [Indexed: 05/21/2023]
Abstract
Nanocrystals prepared in organic media can be easily self-assembled into close-packed hexagonal monolayers on solvent evaporation for various applications. However, they usually rely on the use of organometallic precursors that are soluble in organic solvents. Herein we report a general protocol to transfer metal ions from an aqueous solution to an organic medium, which involves mixing the aqueous solution of metal ions with an ethanolic solution of dodecylamine (DDA), and extracting the coordinating compounds formed between the metal ions and DDA into toluene. This approach could be applied towards transferring a wide variety of transition-metal ions with an efficiency of >95%, and enables the synthesis of a variety of metallic and semiconductor nanocrystals to be carried out in an organic medium using relatively inexpensive water-soluble metal salts as starting materials. This protocol could be easily extended to synthesize a variety of heterogeneous semiconductor/noble-metal hybrids and to nanocomposites with multiple functionalities.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jun Yang
- Institute of Bioengineering and Nanotechnology, 31 Biopolis Way, The Nanos, Singapore 138669, Singapore
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208
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Ishifuji M, Mitsuishi M, Miyashita T. Bottom-up design of hybrid polymer nanoassemblies elucidates plasmon-enhanced second harmonic generation from nonlinear optical dyes. J Am Chem Soc 2009; 131:4418-24. [PMID: 19275159 DOI: 10.1021/ja808749h] [Citation(s) in RCA: 29] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/28/2022]
Abstract
Flexible design of hybrid polymer nanoassemblies consisting of nonlinear optical (NLO) polymer nanosheets and gold nanoparticle alignment was done to elucidate near-field effects of localized surface plasmon (LSP) coupling, which was generated from coupled gold nanoparticles, on enhanced second harmonic generation (SHG) from nonlinear optical (NLO) dyes in hybrid nanoassemblies. Structurally well-defined hybrid polymer nanoassemblies comprising NLO polymer nanosheets and aligned gold nanoparticles were fabricated using bottom-up approaches: Langmuir-Blodgett (LB) technique and nanoparticle adsorption. Two hybrid polymer nanoassembled structures were particularly examined: a single-layer NLO polymer nanosheet and gold nanoparticle monolayer (single-layer structure) exhibiting intralayer LSP coupling, and a single-layer NLO polymer nanosheet sandwiched between two-layer gold nanoparticle monolayers (sandwich structure). The latter enables interlayer LSP coupling between the two gold nanoparticle monolayers. Dependence of SHG intensity on the distance between the NLO layer and nanoparticle layer was examined according to the LB layer structure and gold nanoparticle size variation. The SH light intensity from the NLO polymer nanosheet decreased almost exponentially with increasing spacer distance between the NLO polymer nanosheet and gold nanoparticle monolayer in both single-layer and sandwich structures. The decay length depends strongly on the gold nanoparticle size, indicating effective spatial distance for enhanced SHG from NLO polymer nanosheets. Theoretical calculations were used to study the enhancement mechanism. Finite difference time domain (FDTD) calculations reproduced the exponential behavior of SH light intensity as a function of separation distance, which confirmed the importance of coupled gold nanoparticle formation and parallel geometry of near-field coupling of the coupled gold nanoparticles with NLO polymer nanosheets for efficient SHG enhancement. Dipole-type LSP coupling along the long axis of adjacent gold nanoparticles at the fundamental frequency dominates enhancement of SHG from NLO dyes oriented parallel to the long axis of LSP coupling, which occurs at the center of the Au NPs.
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Affiliation(s)
- Miki Ishifuji
- Institute of Multidisciplinary Research for Advanced Materials, Tohoku University, 2-1-1 Katahira, Aoba-ku, Sendai 980-8577, Japan
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209
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Functionalized gold nanoparticles: Synthesis, structure and colloid stability. J Colloid Interface Sci 2009; 331:251-62. [DOI: 10.1016/j.jcis.2008.12.002] [Citation(s) in RCA: 314] [Impact Index Per Article: 20.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/07/2008] [Revised: 11/24/2008] [Accepted: 12/02/2008] [Indexed: 11/19/2022]
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210
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Aprile C, Herranz MÁ, Carbonell E, Garcia H, Martín N. Microsecond charge separation upon photoexcitation of gold nanoparticles in imidazolium ionic liquids. Dalton Trans 2009:134-9. [DOI: 10.1039/b814384f] [Citation(s) in RCA: 17] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/21/2022]
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211
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Alvaro M, Aprile C, Ferrer B, Sastre F, García H. Photochemistry of gold nanoparticles functionalized with an iron(ii) terpyridine complex. An integrated visible light photocatalyst for hydrogen generation. Dalton Trans 2009:7437-44. [DOI: 10.1039/b906326a] [Citation(s) in RCA: 26] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/21/2022]
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212
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Pollard M, ter Wiel M, van Delden R, Vicario J, Koumura N, van den Brom C, Meetsma A, Feringa B. Light-Driven Rotary Molecular Motors on Gold Nanoparticles. Chemistry 2008; 14:11610-22. [DOI: 10.1002/chem.200800814] [Citation(s) in RCA: 41] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/12/2022]
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213
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Mulugeta D, Kim KH, Watanabe K, Menzel D, Freund HJ. Size effects in thermal and photochemistry of (NO)2 on Ag nanoparticles. PHYSICAL REVIEW LETTERS 2008; 101:146103. [PMID: 18851546 DOI: 10.1103/physrevlett.101.146103] [Citation(s) in RCA: 20] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/11/2008] [Indexed: 05/26/2023]
Abstract
NO dimers adsorbed on alumina supported silver nanoparticles (Ag NPs, radii R approximately 1-6 nm) show decreasing desorption temperatures and complex behavior of photoinduced desorption with decreasing NP size. In particular, for resonant excitation of the (1,0) Mie plasmon at 3.5 eV the photoinduced desorption cross section increases with 1/R, showing a pronounced enhancement (40 times) at R approximately 2.5 nm compared to Ag(111). At 4.7 eV the translational temperature of photodesorbed NO increases strongly with 1/R. We discuss these trends and peculiarities in terms of the size-dependent properties of the Ag NPs.
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Affiliation(s)
- Daniel Mulugeta
- Fritz-Haber-Institut der Max-Planck-Gesellschaft, Faradayweg 4-6, 14195 Berlin, Germany
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214
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Chen D, Gao L, Yasumori A, Kuroda K, Sugahara Y. Size- and shape-controlled conversion of tungstate-based inorganic-organic hybrid belts to WO3 nanoplates with high specific surface areas. SMALL (WEINHEIM AN DER BERGSTRASSE, GERMANY) 2008; 4:1813-22. [PMID: 18844301 DOI: 10.1002/smll.200800205] [Citation(s) in RCA: 65] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/08/2023]
Abstract
Two-dimensional monoclinic WO(3) nanoplates with high specific surface areas are synthesized through a novel conversion process using tungstate-based inorganic-organic hybrid micro/nanobelts as precursors. The process developed involves a topochemical transformation of tungstate-based inorganic-organic hybrid belts into WO(3) nanoplates via an intermediate product of H(2)WO(4) nanoplates, utilizing the similarity of the W-O octahedral layers in both H(2)WO(4) and WO(3). The as-obtained WO(3) nanoplates show a single-crystalline nanostructure with the smallest side along the [001] direction. The WO(3) nanoplates are 200-500 nm x 200-500 nm x 10-30 nm in size, and their specific surface areas are up to 180 m(2) g(-1). Photocatalytic measurements of visible-light-driven oxidation of water for O(2) generation in the presence of Ag(+) ions indicate that the activity of the as-obtained WO(3) nanoplates is one order of magnitude higher than that of commercially available WO(3) powders.
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Affiliation(s)
- Deliang Chen
- School of Materials Science and Engineering, Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou 450001, P. R. China
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215
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Wei W, Li S, Qin L, Xue C, Millstone JE, Xu X, Schatz GC, Mirkin CA. Surface plasmon-mediated energy transfer in heterogap Au-Ag nanowires. NANO LETTERS 2008; 8:3446-9. [PMID: 18767888 PMCID: PMC3200542 DOI: 10.1021/nl8023164] [Citation(s) in RCA: 22] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/17/2023]
Abstract
We report the observation of energy transfer from a gold (Au) nanodisk pair to a silver (Ag) nanowire across a 120 nm gap via surface plasmon resonance (SPR) excitation. The enhanced electromagnetic (EM) fields generated by Au SPR excitation induce oscillation of the conduction electrons in the Ag segment, transferring energy to it even though the Ag segment has only weak resonant interactions with the incident EM radiation. The induced Ag SPR produces strong EM fields at the position of the Ag segment, leading to a Raman signal approximately 15 times greater than when the Ag segment is alone (not adjacent to the Au nanodisk pair). The Raman intensity is found to depend nonlinearly on the incident laser intensity for laser power densities of 10 kW/cm(2), which is consistent with the results of EM theory calculations which are not able to account for the factor of 15 enhancement based on a linear mechanism. This suggests that energy transfer from the Au disk pair to the Ag segment involves an enhanced nonlinear polarization mechanism such as can be produced by the electronic Kerr effect or stimulated Raman scattering.
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216
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Mitsudome T, Arita S, Mori H, Mizugaki T, Jitsukawa K, Kaneda K. Supported Silver-Nanoparticle-Catalyzed Highly Efficient Aqueous Oxidation of Phenylsilanes to Silanols. Angew Chem Int Ed Engl 2008; 47:7938-40. [DOI: 10.1002/anie.200802761] [Citation(s) in RCA: 162] [Impact Index Per Article: 10.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/05/2022]
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217
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Mitsudome T, Arita S, Mori H, Mizugaki T, Jitsukawa K, Kaneda K. Supported Silver-Nanoparticle-Catalyzed Highly Efficient Aqueous Oxidation of Phenylsilanes to Silanols. Angew Chem Int Ed Engl 2008. [DOI: 10.1002/ange.200802761] [Citation(s) in RCA: 83] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/06/2022]
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218
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Li ZH, Truhlar DG. Nanosolids, Slushes, and Nanoliquids: Characterization of Nanophases in Metal Clusters and Nanoparticles. J Am Chem Soc 2008; 130:12698-711. [DOI: 10.1021/ja802389d] [Citation(s) in RCA: 38] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/25/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Zhen Hua Li
- Department of Chemistry, Fudan University, Shanghai, 200433, China and Department of Chemistry and Supercomputing Institute, University of Minnesota, Minneapolis, Minnesota 55455-0431
| | - Donald G. Truhlar
- Department of Chemistry, Fudan University, Shanghai, 200433, China and Department of Chemistry and Supercomputing Institute, University of Minnesota, Minneapolis, Minnesota 55455-0431
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219
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Risse T, Shaikhutdinov S, Nilius N, Sterrer M, Freund HJ. Gold supported on thin oxide films: from single atoms to nanoparticles. Acc Chem Res 2008; 41:949-56. [PMID: 18616299 DOI: 10.1021/ar800078m] [Citation(s) in RCA: 179] [Impact Index Per Article: 11.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/24/2022]
Abstract
[Figure: see text]. Historically, people have prized gold for its beauty and the durability that resulted from its chemical inertness. However, even the ancient Romans had noted that finely dispersed gold can give rise to particular optical phenomena. A decade ago, researchers found that highly dispersed gold supported on oxides exhibits high chemical activity in a number of reactions. These chemical and optical properties have recently prompted considerable interest in applications of nanodispersed gold. Despite their broad use, a microscopic understanding of these gold-metal oxide systems lags behind their application. Numerous studies are currently underway to understand why supported nanometer-sized gold particles show catalytic activity and to explore possible applications of their optical properties in photonics and biology. This Account focuses on a microscopic understanding of the gold-substrate interaction and its impact on the properties of the adsorbed gold. Our strategy uses model systems in which gold atoms and clusters are supported on well-ordered thin oxide films grown on metal single crystals. As a result, we can investigate the systems with the rigor of modern surface science techniques while incorporating some of the complexity found in technological applications. We use a variety of different experimental methods, namely, scanning probe techniques (scanning tunneling microscopy and spectroscopy, STM and STS), as well as infrared (IR), temperature-programmed desorption (TPD), and electron paramagnetic resonance (EPR) spectroscopy, to evaluate these interactions and combine these results with theoretical calculations. We examined the properties of supported gold with increasing complexity starting from single gold atoms to one- and two-dimensional clusters and three-dimensional particles. These investigations show that the binding of gold on oxide surfaces depends on the properties of the oxide, which leads to different electronic properties of the Au deposits. Changes in the electronic structure, namely, the charge state of Au atoms and clusters, can be induced by surface defects such as color centers. Interestingly, the film thickness can also serve as a parameter to alter the properties of Au. Thin MgO films (two to three monolayer thickness) stabilize negatively charged Au atoms and two-dimensional Au particles. In three dimensions, the properties of Au particles bigger than 2-3 nm in diameter are largely independent of the support. Smaller three-dimensional particles, however, showed differences based on the supporting oxide. Presumably, the oxide support stabilizes particular atomic configurations, charge states, or electronic properties of the ultrasmall Au aggregates, which are in turn responsible for this distinct chemical behavior.
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Affiliation(s)
- Thomas Risse
- Department of Chemical Physics, Fritz-Haber-Institute der Max-Plank-Gesellschaft, Faradayweg 4-6, 14195 Berlin, Germany
| | - Shamil Shaikhutdinov
- Department of Chemical Physics, Fritz-Haber-Institute der Max-Plank-Gesellschaft, Faradayweg 4-6, 14195 Berlin, Germany
| | - Niklas Nilius
- Department of Chemical Physics, Fritz-Haber-Institute der Max-Plank-Gesellschaft, Faradayweg 4-6, 14195 Berlin, Germany
| | - Martin Sterrer
- Department of Chemical Physics, Fritz-Haber-Institute der Max-Plank-Gesellschaft, Faradayweg 4-6, 14195 Berlin, Germany
| | - Hans-Joachim Freund
- Department of Chemical Physics, Fritz-Haber-Institute der Max-Plank-Gesellschaft, Faradayweg 4-6, 14195 Berlin, Germany
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220
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221
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Negre CFA, Sánchez CG. Atomistic structure dependence of the collective excitation in metal nanoparticles. J Chem Phys 2008; 129:034710. [DOI: 10.1063/1.2955451] [Citation(s) in RCA: 18] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/15/2022] Open
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222
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Xu S, Hartvickson S, Zhao JX. Engineering of SiO2-Au-SiO2 sandwich nanoaggregates using a building block: single, double, and triple cores for enhancement of near infrared fluorescence. LANGMUIR : THE ACS JOURNAL OF SURFACES AND COLLOIDS 2008; 24:7492-7499. [PMID: 18547071 DOI: 10.1021/la8004757] [Citation(s) in RCA: 19] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/26/2023]
Abstract
We have developed a simple and flexible chemical method to synthesize orderly metallic nanoaggregates using a designed SiO 2-Au core-shell building block. The number of the building blocks in a nanoaggregate is tunable from one to three. These metal nanostructures can generate an enlarged localized electromagnetic field through surface plasmon resonance and enhance the optical signals of the photoactive molecules within this electromagnetic field. Aggregates of metallic nanoparticles provide a higher signal enhancement than well-dispersed nanoparticles combined. The level of signal enhancement is determined by the number of building blocks in a nanoaggregate. The signal enhancement of the nanoaggregates has been verified with a near-infrared (NIR) dye. In the NIR region, biological samples have low background signals and deeper penetration of radiation. The application of these NIR enhanced metal nanostructures will open a significant approach for sensitive detection of biological samples.
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Affiliation(s)
- Shuping Xu
- Department of Chemistry, University of North Dakota, Grand Forks, North Dakota 58202, USA
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223
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Liu X, Kakkar A. Tailoring silver nanoparticle construction using dendrimer templated silica networks. NANOTECHNOLOGY 2008; 19:245602. [PMID: 21825814 DOI: 10.1088/0957-4484/19/24/245602] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/31/2023]
Abstract
We have examined the role of the internal environment of dendrimer templated silica networks in tailoring the construction of silver nanoparticle assemblies. Silica networks from which 3,5-dihydroxybenzyl alcohol based dendrimer templates have been completely removed, slowly wet with an aqueous solution of silver acetate. The latter then reacts with internal silica silanol groups, leading to chemisorption of silver ions, followed by the growth of silver oxide nanoparticles. Silica network constructed using generation 4 dendrimer contains residual dendrimer template, and mixes with aqueous silver acetate solution easily. Upon chemisorption, silver ions get photolytically reduced to silver metal under a stabilizing dendrimer environment, leading to the formation of silver metal nanoparticles.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xiaojun Liu
- Department of Chemistry, McGill University, 801 Sherbrooke Street West, Montreal, QC, H3A 2K6, Canada
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224
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Biju V, Itoh T, Anas A, Sujith A, Ishikawa M. Semiconductor quantum dots and metal nanoparticles: syntheses, optical properties, and biological applications. Anal Bioanal Chem 2008; 391:2469-95. [PMID: 18548237 DOI: 10.1007/s00216-008-2185-7] [Citation(s) in RCA: 422] [Impact Index Per Article: 26.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/06/2007] [Revised: 04/25/2008] [Accepted: 05/13/2008] [Indexed: 12/12/2022]
Abstract
We review the syntheses, optical properties, and biological applications of cadmium selenide (CdSe) and cadmium selenide-zinc sulfide (CdSe-ZnS) quantum dots (QDs) and gold (Au) and silver (Ag) nanoparticles (NPs). Specifically, we selected the syntheses of QDs and Au and Ag NPs in aqueous and organic phases, size- and shape-dependent photoluminescence (PL) of QDs and plasmon of metal NPs, and their bioimaging applications. The PL properties of QDs are discussed with reference to their band gap structure and various electronic transitions, relations of PL and photoactivated PL with surface defects, and blinking of single QDs. Optical properties of Ag and Au NPs are discussed with reference to their size- and shape-dependent surface plasmon bands, electron dynamics and relaxation, and surface-enhanced Raman scattering (SERS). The bioimaging applications are discussed with reference to in vitro and in vivo imaging of live cells, and in vivo imaging of cancers, tumor vasculature, and lymph nodes. Other aspects of the review are in vivo deep tissue imaging, multiphoton excitation, NIR fluorescence and SERS imaging, and toxic effects of NPs and their clearance from the body.
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Affiliation(s)
- Vasudevanpillai Biju
- Nano-Bioanalysis Team, Health Technology Research Center, National Institute of Advanced Industrial Science and Technology (AIST), 2217-14 Hayashi-cho, Takamatsu, Kagawa, 761-0395, Japan.
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225
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Xie J. Toward a facile one-step construction of quantum dots containing Zn8S cores. Inorg Chem 2008; 47:5564-6. [PMID: 18540592 DOI: 10.1021/ic800721r] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/28/2022]
Abstract
Three neutral nanoclusters Zn 8S(SC 6H 5) 14L 2 [L = 3-aminopyridine ( 1), 4-(dimethylamino)pyridine ( 2), 4-methylpyridine ( 3)] featuring a wurtzite-like core have been assembled by a controlled one-step hydrothermal reaction. Their detailed photoluminescence properties depend upon the ligand substituents. Cluster 1 exhibited a narrow, symmetric emission spectrum and has a potential application as a fluorescence quantum dot.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jingli Xie
- School of Chemistry and Bio21 Molecular Science and Biotechnology Institute, The University of Melbourne, Parkville, Victoria 3010, Australia.
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226
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Xue C, Métraux GS, Millstone JE, Mirkin CA. Mechanistic study of photomediated triangular silver nanoprism growth. J Am Chem Soc 2008; 130:8337-44. [PMID: 18533653 DOI: 10.1021/ja8005258] [Citation(s) in RCA: 335] [Impact Index Per Article: 20.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/28/2022]
Abstract
This article presents a mechanistic study of the photomediated growth of silver nanoprisms. The data show that the photochemical process is driven by silver redox cycles involving reduction of silver cations by citrate on the silver particle surface and oxidative dissolution of small silver particles by O2. Bis(p-sulfonatophenyl)phenylphosphine increases the solubility of the Ag(+) by complexing it and acts as a buffer to keep the concentration of Ag(+) at 20 microM. The silver particles serve as photocatalysts and, under plasmon excitation, facilitate Ag(+) reduction by citrate. Higher Ag(+) concentrations favor a competitive thermal process, which results in increased prism thickness.
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Affiliation(s)
- Can Xue
- Department of Chemistry and International Institute for Nanotechnology, Northwestern University, 2145 Sheridan Road, Evanston, Illinois 60208, USA
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227
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Nagasaki Y. PEG-b-polyamine Stabilized Bionanoparticles for Nanodiagnostics and Nanotherapy. CHEM LETT 2008. [DOI: 10.1246/cl.2008.564] [Citation(s) in RCA: 38] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/12/2022]
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228
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Nishi H, Kobatake S. Photochromism and Optical Property of Gold Nanoparticles Covered with Low-Polydispersity Diarylethene Polymers. Macromolecules 2008. [DOI: 10.1021/ma702882t] [Citation(s) in RCA: 51] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/28/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Hiroyasu Nishi
- Department of Applied Chemistry, Graduate School of Engineering, Osaka City University and PRESTO, JST, 3-3-138 Sugimoto, Sumiyoshi-ku, Osaka 558-8585, Japan
| | - Seiya Kobatake
- Department of Applied Chemistry, Graduate School of Engineering, Osaka City University and PRESTO, JST, 3-3-138 Sugimoto, Sumiyoshi-ku, Osaka 558-8585, Japan
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229
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Zhou J, Sedev R, Beattie D, Ralston J. Light-induced aggregation of colloidal gold nanoparticles capped by thymine derivatives. LANGMUIR : THE ACS JOURNAL OF SURFACES AND COLLOIDS 2008; 24:4506-4511. [PMID: 18324863 DOI: 10.1021/la703746w] [Citation(s) in RCA: 19] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/26/2023]
Abstract
The colloid stability of thymine-coated gold nanoparticles under light irradiation as a function of particle size, surface charge, and exposure time was investigated in alkaline, aqueous solutions as well as in a 0.5 vol % of DMF in H(2)O mixture. With increasing exposure to light irradiation at 280 nm, more and more particles coagulated. Light-induced aggregation of colloidal gold nanoparticles was attributed to reorientation of thymine terminal groups tethered on gold particle surfaces. A smaller particle size and negatively charged surface reduced the rate of photodimerization or even inhibited the photoreaction. UV-vis and FTIR spectroscopy confirmed the photodimerization of terminal thymine molecules under 280 nm light irradiation. The reaction kinetics of thymine photodimerization appears to be a combination of first-order reactions, each having different rates, reflecting the inhomogeneity and high curvature of the gold nanoparticle surfaces.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jingfang Zhou
- Ian Wark Research Institute, University of South Australia, Mawson Lakes, Adelaide, South Australia 5095
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230
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231
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Vuluga D, Legros J, Crousse B, Bonnet-Delpon D. Solubility switch of gold nanoparticles through hydrogen bond association. Chem Commun (Camb) 2008:4954-5. [DOI: 10.1039/b810932j] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/10/2023]
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232
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Subhramannia M, Pillai VK. Shape-dependent electrocatalytic activity of platinum nanostructures. ACTA ACUST UNITED AC 2008. [DOI: 10.1039/b811149a] [Citation(s) in RCA: 157] [Impact Index Per Article: 9.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/17/2022]
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233
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Watanabe K, Kim KH, Menzel D, Freund HJ. Hyperthermal chaotic photodesorption of xenon from alumina-supported silver nanoparticles: plasmonic coupling and plasmon-induced desorption. PHYSICAL REVIEW LETTERS 2007; 99:225501. [PMID: 18233294 DOI: 10.1103/physrevlett.99.225501] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/09/2007] [Indexed: 05/25/2023]
Abstract
Excitation of Xe monolayers on alumina-supported silver nanoparticles (AgNPs) by laser light in the (1,0) Mie plasmon resonance can lead to desorption of Xe atoms with hyperthermal energy and chaotic time structure. The chaotic behavior is most likely due to plasmonic coupling between AgNPs. We argue that the desorption is induced by direct energy transfer to the adsorbate from the Pauli repulsion of the collectively oscillating electrons of the plasmon at the surface. A simple model calculation shows that this is possible. A connection between both effects appears likely.
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Affiliation(s)
- Kazuo Watanabe
- Fritz-Haber-Institut der Max-Planck-Gesellschaft, Faradayweg 4-6, 14195 Berlin, Germany
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234
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Xue C, Millstone J, Li S, Mirkin C. Plasmon-Driven Synthesis of Triangular Core–Shell Nanoprisms from Gold Seeds. Angew Chem Int Ed Engl 2007. [DOI: 10.1002/ange.200703185] [Citation(s) in RCA: 46] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/12/2022]
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235
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Xue C, Millstone JE, Li S, Mirkin CA. Plasmon-Driven Synthesis of Triangular Core–Shell Nanoprisms from Gold Seeds. Angew Chem Int Ed Engl 2007; 46:8436-9. [PMID: 17912727 DOI: 10.1002/anie.200703185] [Citation(s) in RCA: 184] [Impact Index Per Article: 10.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/09/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Can Xue
- Department of Chemistry, International Institute for Nanotechnology, Northwestern University, 2145 Sheridan Road, Evanston, IL 60208, USA
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236
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Garduño-Mejía J, Higlett MP, Meech SR. Modelling the influence of nonthermal electron dynamics in thin and ultrathin gold films. Chem Phys 2007. [DOI: 10.1016/j.chemphys.2007.06.055] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/29/2022]
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237
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Schrinner M, Polzer F, Mei Y, Lu Y, Haupt B, Ballauff M, Göldel A, Drechsler M, Preussner J, Glatzel U. Mechanism of the Formation of Amorphous Gold Nanoparticles within Spherical Polyelectrolyte Brushes. MACROMOL CHEM PHYS 2007. [DOI: 10.1002/macp.200700161] [Citation(s) in RCA: 87] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/11/2022]
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238
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Efficiency of the plasmon-mediated enhancement of photoexcitation of adsorbate on nm-sized metal particles. Chem Phys Lett 2007. [DOI: 10.1016/j.cplett.2007.06.057] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/23/2022]
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239
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A comparison between the absorption properties of the regular and F s -defected MgO (100) surface. Theor Chem Acc 2007. [DOI: 10.1007/s00214-007-0324-4] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/23/2022]
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240
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Ledwith DM, Whelan AM, Kelly JM. A rapid, straight-forward method for controlling the morphology of stable silver nanoparticles. ACTA ACUST UNITED AC 2007. [DOI: 10.1039/b702141k] [Citation(s) in RCA: 141] [Impact Index Per Article: 8.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/21/2022]
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241
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Watanabe K, Menzel D, Nilius N, Freund HJ. Photochemistry on Metal Nanoparticles. ACTA ACUST UNITED AC 2006. [DOI: 10.1002/chin.200652229] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/11/2022]
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