201
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Takeishi S, Nakayama KI. To wake up cancer stem cells, or to let them sleep, that is the question. Cancer Sci 2016; 107:875-81. [PMID: 27116333 PMCID: PMC4946711 DOI: 10.1111/cas.12958] [Citation(s) in RCA: 69] [Impact Index Per Article: 8.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/29/2016] [Accepted: 04/22/2016] [Indexed: 12/18/2022] Open
Abstract
Cancer stem cells (CSCs) generate transient-amplifying cells and thereby contribute to cancer propagation. A fuller understanding of the biological features of CSCs is expected to lead to the development of new anticancer therapies capable of eradicating this life-threatening disease. Cancer stem cells are known to maintain a non-proliferative state and to enter the cell cycle only infrequently. Given that conventional anticancer therapies preferentially target dividing cells, CSCs are resistant to such treatments, with those remaining after elimination of bulk cancer cells potentially giving rise to disease relapse and metastasis as they re-enter the cell cycle after a period of latency. Targeting of the switch between quiescence and proliferation in CSCs is therefore a potential strategy for preventing the reinitiation of malignancy, underscoring the importance of elucidation of the mechanisms by which these cells are maintained in the quiescent state. The fundamental properties of CSCs are thought to be governed cooperatively by internal molecules and cues from the external microenvironment (stem cell niche). Several such intrinsic and extrinsic regulators are responsible for the control of cell cycle progression in CSCs. In this review, we address two opposite approaches to the therapeutic targeting of CSCs - wake-up and hibernation therapies - that either promote or prevent the entry of CSCs into the cell cycle, respectively, and we discuss the potential advantages and risks of each strategy.
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Affiliation(s)
- Shoichiro Takeishi
- Department of Molecular and Cellular Biology, Medical Institute of Bioregulation, Kyushu University, Fukuoka, Japan
| | - Keiichi I Nakayama
- Department of Molecular and Cellular Biology, Medical Institute of Bioregulation, Kyushu University, Fukuoka, Japan
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202
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Dual targeting of p53 and c-MYC selectively eliminates leukaemic stem cells. Nature 2016; 534:341-6. [PMID: 27281222 PMCID: PMC4913876 DOI: 10.1038/nature18288] [Citation(s) in RCA: 178] [Impact Index Per Article: 22.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/08/2016] [Accepted: 04/26/2016] [Indexed: 02/07/2023]
Abstract
Chronic myeloid leukaemia (CML) arises after transformation of a haemopoietic stem cell (HSC) by the protein-tyrosine kinase BCR-ABL. Direct inhibition of BCR-ABL kinase has revolutionized disease management, but fails to eradicate leukaemic stem cells (LSCs), which maintain CML. LSCs are independent of BCR-ABL for survival, providing a rationale for identifying and targeting kinase-independent pathways. Here we show--using proteomics, transcriptomics and network analyses--that in human LSCs, aberrantly expressed proteins, in both imatinib-responder and non-responder patients, are modulated in concert with p53 (also known as TP53) and c-MYC regulation. Perturbation of both p53 and c-MYC, and not BCR-ABL itself, leads to synergistic cell kill, differentiation, and near elimination of transplantable human LSCs in mice, while sparing normal HSCs. This unbiased systems approach targeting connected nodes exemplifies a novel precision medicine strategy providing evidence that LSCs can be eradicated.
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203
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García-Ramírez I, Martín-Lorenzo A, González-Herrero I, Rodriguez-Hernández G, Vicente-Dueñas C, Sánchez-García I. Could Vitamin D Analogues Be Used to Target Leukemia Stem Cells? Int J Mol Sci 2016; 17:ijms17060889. [PMID: 27275819 PMCID: PMC4926423 DOI: 10.3390/ijms17060889] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/25/2016] [Revised: 05/23/2016] [Accepted: 05/31/2016] [Indexed: 11/17/2022] Open
Abstract
Leukemic stem cells (LSCs) are defined as cells that possess the ability to self-renew and give rise to the differentiated cancer cells that comprise the tumor. These LSCs seem to show chemo-resistance and radio-resistance leading to the failure of conventional cancer therapies. Current therapies are directed at the fast growing tumor mass leaving the LSC fraction untouched. Eliminating LSCs, the root of cancer origin and recurrence, is considered to be a hopeful approach to improve survival or even to cure cancer patients. In order to achieve this, the characterization of LSCs is a prerequisite in order to develop LSC-based therapies to eliminate them. Here we review if vitamin D analogues may allow an avenue to target the LSCs.
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Affiliation(s)
- Idoia García-Ramírez
- Experimental Therapeutics and Translational Oncology Program, Instituto de Biología Molecular y Celular del Cáncer, CSIC/Universidad de Salamanca, Campus M. de Unamuno s/n, Salamanca 37007, Spain.
- Cancer Research Area, Institute of Biomedical Research of Salamanca (IBSAL), Salamanca 37007, Spain.
| | - Alberto Martín-Lorenzo
- Experimental Therapeutics and Translational Oncology Program, Instituto de Biología Molecular y Celular del Cáncer, CSIC/Universidad de Salamanca, Campus M. de Unamuno s/n, Salamanca 37007, Spain.
- Cancer Research Area, Institute of Biomedical Research of Salamanca (IBSAL), Salamanca 37007, Spain.
| | - Inés González-Herrero
- Experimental Therapeutics and Translational Oncology Program, Instituto de Biología Molecular y Celular del Cáncer, CSIC/Universidad de Salamanca, Campus M. de Unamuno s/n, Salamanca 37007, Spain.
- Cancer Research Area, Institute of Biomedical Research of Salamanca (IBSAL), Salamanca 37007, Spain.
| | - Guillermo Rodriguez-Hernández
- Experimental Therapeutics and Translational Oncology Program, Instituto de Biología Molecular y Celular del Cáncer, CSIC/Universidad de Salamanca, Campus M. de Unamuno s/n, Salamanca 37007, Spain.
- Cancer Research Area, Institute of Biomedical Research of Salamanca (IBSAL), Salamanca 37007, Spain.
| | - Carolina Vicente-Dueñas
- Cancer Research Area, Institute of Biomedical Research of Salamanca (IBSAL), Salamanca 37007, Spain.
| | - Isidro Sánchez-García
- Experimental Therapeutics and Translational Oncology Program, Instituto de Biología Molecular y Celular del Cáncer, CSIC/Universidad de Salamanca, Campus M. de Unamuno s/n, Salamanca 37007, Spain.
- Cancer Research Area, Institute of Biomedical Research of Salamanca (IBSAL), Salamanca 37007, Spain.
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204
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Charaf L, Mahon FX, Lamrissi-Garcia I, Moranvillier I, Beliveau F, Cardinaud B, Dabernat S, de Verneuil H, Moreau-Gaudry F, Bedel A. Effect of tyrosine kinase inhibitors on stemness in normal and chronic myeloid leukemia cells. Leukemia 2016; 31:65-74. [PMID: 27220663 DOI: 10.1038/leu.2016.154] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/05/2016] [Revised: 05/13/2016] [Accepted: 05/16/2016] [Indexed: 12/11/2022]
Abstract
Although tyrosine kinase inhibitors (TKIs) efficiently cure chronic myeloid leukemia (CML), they can fail to eradicate CML stem cells (CML-SCs). The mechanisms responsible for CML-SC survival need to be understood for designing therapies. Several previous studies suggest that TKIs could modulate CML-SC quiescence. Unfortunately, CML-SCs are insufficiently available. Induced pluripotent stem cells (iPSCs) offer a promising alternative. In this work, we used iPSCs derived from CML patients (Ph+). Ph+ iPSC clones expressed lower levels of stemness markers than normal iPSCs. BCR-ABL1 was found to be involved in stemness regulation and ERK1/2 to have a key role in the signaling pathway. TKIs unexpectedly promoted stemness marker expression in Ph+ iPSC clones. Imatinib also retained quiescence and induced stemness gene expression in CML-SCs. Our results suggest that TKIs might have a role in residual disease and confirm the need for a targeted therapy different from TKIs that could overcome the stemness-promoting effect caused by TKIs. Interestingly, a similar pro-stemness effect was observed in normal iPSCs and hematopoietic SCs. These findings could help to explain CML resistance mechanisms and the teratogenic side-effects of TKIs in embryonic cells.
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Affiliation(s)
- L Charaf
- Inserm U1035, Biothérapies des Maladies Génétiques et Cancers, Bordeaux, France.,Université de Bordeaux, FR TransBiomed, Bordeaux, France.,Laboratoire d'Excellence GR-Ex, Bordeaux, France
| | - F-X Mahon
- Inserm U1035, Biothérapies des Maladies Génétiques et Cancers, Bordeaux, France.,Université de Bordeaux, FR TransBiomed, Bordeaux, France.,Pôle de Biologie et Pathologie CHU Bordeaux, Bordeaux, France.,Institut Bergonie, SIRIC BRIO, Bordeaux, France
| | - I Lamrissi-Garcia
- Inserm U1035, Biothérapies des Maladies Génétiques et Cancers, Bordeaux, France.,Université de Bordeaux, FR TransBiomed, Bordeaux, France.,Laboratoire d'Excellence GR-Ex, Bordeaux, France
| | - I Moranvillier
- Inserm U1035, Biothérapies des Maladies Génétiques et Cancers, Bordeaux, France.,Université de Bordeaux, FR TransBiomed, Bordeaux, France.,Laboratoire d'Excellence GR-Ex, Bordeaux, France
| | - F Beliveau
- Inserm U1035, Biothérapies des Maladies Génétiques et Cancers, Bordeaux, France.,Laboratoire d'Excellence GR-Ex, Bordeaux, France
| | - B Cardinaud
- Inserm U1035, Biothérapies des Maladies Génétiques et Cancers, Bordeaux, France.,Université de Bordeaux, FR TransBiomed, Bordeaux, France.,Institut Polytechnique de Bordeaux, Talence, France
| | - S Dabernat
- Inserm U1035, Biothérapies des Maladies Génétiques et Cancers, Bordeaux, France.,Université de Bordeaux, FR TransBiomed, Bordeaux, France.,Laboratoire d'Excellence GR-Ex, Bordeaux, France.,Pôle de Biologie et Pathologie CHU Bordeaux, Bordeaux, France
| | - H de Verneuil
- Inserm U1035, Biothérapies des Maladies Génétiques et Cancers, Bordeaux, France.,Université de Bordeaux, FR TransBiomed, Bordeaux, France.,Laboratoire d'Excellence GR-Ex, Bordeaux, France.,Pôle de Biologie et Pathologie CHU Bordeaux, Bordeaux, France
| | - F Moreau-Gaudry
- Inserm U1035, Biothérapies des Maladies Génétiques et Cancers, Bordeaux, France.,Université de Bordeaux, FR TransBiomed, Bordeaux, France.,Laboratoire d'Excellence GR-Ex, Bordeaux, France.,Pôle de Biologie et Pathologie CHU Bordeaux, Bordeaux, France
| | - A Bedel
- Inserm U1035, Biothérapies des Maladies Génétiques et Cancers, Bordeaux, France.,Université de Bordeaux, FR TransBiomed, Bordeaux, France.,Laboratoire d'Excellence GR-Ex, Bordeaux, France.,Pôle de Biologie et Pathologie CHU Bordeaux, Bordeaux, France
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205
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Rizos CV, Kei A, Elisaf MS. The current role of thiazolidinediones in diabetes management. Arch Toxicol 2016; 90:1861-81. [DOI: 10.1007/s00204-016-1737-4] [Citation(s) in RCA: 47] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/24/2016] [Accepted: 04/28/2016] [Indexed: 12/17/2022]
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206
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Bernasconi P, Farina M, Boni M, Dambruoso I, Calvello C. Therapeutically targeting SELF-reinforcing leukemic niches in acute myeloid leukemia: A worthy endeavor? Am J Hematol 2016; 91:507-17. [PMID: 26822317 DOI: 10.1002/ajh.24312] [Citation(s) in RCA: 17] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/03/2015] [Revised: 12/21/2015] [Accepted: 01/16/2016] [Indexed: 12/17/2022]
Abstract
A tight relationship between the acute myeloid leukemia (AML) population and the bone marrow (BM) microenvironment has been convincingly established. The AML clone contains leukemic stem cells (LSCs) that compete with normal hematopoietic stem cells (HSCs) for niche occupancy and remodel the niche; whereas, the BM microenvironment might promote AML development and progression not only through hypoxia and homing/adhesion molecules, but also through genetic defects. Although it is still unknown whether the niche influences treatment results or contains any potential target for treatment, this dynamic AML-niche interaction might be a promising therapeutic objective to significantly improve the AML cure rate.
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Affiliation(s)
- Paolo Bernasconi
- Division of Hematology; Fondazione IRCCS Policlinico San Matteo, University of Pavia; Pavia Italy
| | - Mirko Farina
- Division of Hematology; Fondazione IRCCS Policlinico San Matteo, University of Pavia; Pavia Italy
| | - Marina Boni
- Division of Hematology; Fondazione IRCCS Policlinico San Matteo, University of Pavia; Pavia Italy
| | - Irene Dambruoso
- Division of Hematology; Fondazione IRCCS Policlinico San Matteo, University of Pavia; Pavia Italy
| | - Celeste Calvello
- Division of Hematology; Fondazione IRCCS Policlinico San Matteo, University of Pavia; Pavia Italy
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207
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Goupille O, Penglong T, Kadri Z, Granger-Locatelli M, Fucharoen S, Maouche-Chrétien L, Prost S, Leboulch P, Chrétien S. Inhibition of the acetyl lysine-binding pocket of bromodomain and extraterminal domain proteins interferes with adipogenesis. Biochem Biophys Res Commun 2016; 472:624-30. [PMID: 26972250 DOI: 10.1016/j.bbrc.2016.03.013] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/02/2016] [Accepted: 03/06/2016] [Indexed: 11/26/2022]
Abstract
The bromodomain and extraterminal (BET) domain family proteins are epigenetic modulators involved in the reading of acetylated lysine residues. The first BET protein inhibitor to be identified, (+)-JQ1, a thienotriazolo-1, 4-diazapine, binds selectively to the acetyl lysine-binding pocket of BET proteins. We evaluated the impact on adipogenesis of this druggable targeting of chromatin epigenetic readers, by investigating the physiological consequences of epigenetic modifications through targeting proteins binding to chromatin. JQ1 significantly inhibited the differentiation of 3T3-L1 preadipocytes into white and brown adipocytes by down-regulating the expression of genes involved in adipogenesis, particularly those encoding the peroxisome proliferator-activated receptor (PPAR-γ), the CCAAT/enhancer-binding protein (C/EBPα) and, STAT5A and B. The expression of a constitutively activated STAT5B mutant did not prevent inhibition by JQ1. Thus, the association of BET/STAT5 is required for adipogenesis but STAT5 transcription activity is not the only target of JQ1. Treatment with JQ1 did not lead to the conversion of white adipose tissue into brown adipose tissue (BAT). BET protein inhibition thus interferes with generation of adipose tissue from progenitors, confirming the importance of the connections between epigenetic mechanisms and specific adipogenic transcription factors.
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Affiliation(s)
- Olivier Goupille
- CEA, Institute of Emerging Diseases and Innovative Therapies (IMETI), Fontenay-aux-Roses and Université Paris-Saclay, UMR-E 007, France
| | - Tipparat Penglong
- CEA, Institute of Emerging Diseases and Innovative Therapies (IMETI), Fontenay-aux-Roses and Université Paris-Saclay, UMR-E 007, France; Thalassemia Research Center, Mahidol University, Thailand
| | - Zahra Kadri
- CEA, Institute of Emerging Diseases and Innovative Therapies (IMETI), Fontenay-aux-Roses and Université Paris-Saclay, UMR-E 007, France
| | - Marine Granger-Locatelli
- CEA, Institute of Emerging Diseases and Innovative Therapies (IMETI), Fontenay-aux-Roses and Université Paris-Saclay, UMR-E 007, France
| | | | - Leila Maouche-Chrétien
- CEA, Institute of Emerging Diseases and Innovative Therapies (IMETI), Fontenay-aux-Roses and Université Paris-Saclay, UMR-E 007, France; INSERM, Paris, France
| | - Stéphane Prost
- CEA, Institute of Emerging Diseases and Innovative Therapies (IMETI), Fontenay-aux-Roses and Université Paris-Saclay, UMR-E 007, France
| | - Philippe Leboulch
- CEA, Institute of Emerging Diseases and Innovative Therapies (IMETI), Fontenay-aux-Roses and Université Paris-Saclay, UMR-E 007, France; Thalassemia Research Center, Mahidol University, Thailand
| | - Stany Chrétien
- CEA, Institute of Emerging Diseases and Innovative Therapies (IMETI), Fontenay-aux-Roses and Université Paris-Saclay, UMR-E 007, France; INSERM, Paris, France.
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208
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Yousefi B, Samadi N, Baradaran B, Shafiei-Irannejad V, Zarghami N. Peroxisome Proliferator-Activated Receptor Ligands and Their Role in Chronic Myeloid Leukemia: Therapeutic Strategies. Chem Biol Drug Des 2016; 88:17-25. [PMID: 26841308 DOI: 10.1111/cbdd.12737] [Citation(s) in RCA: 32] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/12/2022]
Abstract
Imatinib therapy remains the gold standard for treatment of chronic myeloid leukemia; however, the acquired resistance to this therapeutic agent in patients has urged the scientists to devise modalities for overcoming this chemoresistance. For this purpose, initially therapeutic agents with higher tyrosine kinase activity were introduced, which had the potential for inhibiting even mutant forms of Bcr-Abl. Furthermore, coupling imatinib with peroxisome proliferator-activated receptor ligands also showed beneficial effects in chronic myeloid leukemia cell proliferation. These combination protocols inhibited cell growth and induced apoptosis as well as differentiation in chronic myeloid leukemia cell lines. In addition, peroxisome proliferator-activated receptors ligands increased imatinib uptake by upregulating the expression of human organic cation transporter 1. Taken together, peroxisome proliferator-activated receptors ligands are currently being considered as novel promising therapeutic candidates for chronic myeloid leukemia treatment, because they can synergistically enhance the efficacy of imatinib. In this article, we reviewed the potential of peroxisome proliferator-activated receptors ligands for use in chronic myeloid leukemia treatment. The mechanism of action of these therapeutics modalities are also presented in detail.
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Affiliation(s)
- Bahman Yousefi
- Immunology Research Center, Tabriz University of Medical Sciences, Tabriz, Iran.,Drug Applied Research Center, Tabriz University of Medical Sciences, Tabriz, Iran.,Department of Clinical Biochemistry and Laboratory Medicine, Faculty of Medicine, Tabriz University of Medical Sciences, Tabriz, Iran.,Student Research Committee, Tabriz University of Medical Sciences, Tabriz, Iran
| | - Nasser Samadi
- Drug Applied Research Center, Tabriz University of Medical Sciences, Tabriz, Iran.,Department of Clinical Biochemistry and Laboratory Medicine, Faculty of Medicine, Tabriz University of Medical Sciences, Tabriz, Iran
| | - Behzad Baradaran
- Immunology Research Center, Tabriz University of Medical Sciences, Tabriz, Iran
| | - Vahid Shafiei-Irannejad
- Department of Clinical Biochemistry and Laboratory Medicine, Faculty of Medicine, Tabriz University of Medical Sciences, Tabriz, Iran.,Student Research Committee, Tabriz University of Medical Sciences, Tabriz, Iran
| | - Nosratollah Zarghami
- Drug Applied Research Center, Tabriz University of Medical Sciences, Tabriz, Iran.,Department of Clinical Biochemistry and Laboratory Medicine, Faculty of Medicine, Tabriz University of Medical Sciences, Tabriz, Iran
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209
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Zhang B, Li L, Ho Y, Li M, Marcucci G, Tong W, Bhatia R. Heterogeneity of leukemia-initiating capacity of chronic myelogenous leukemia stem cells. J Clin Invest 2016; 126:975-91. [PMID: 26878174 DOI: 10.1172/jci79196] [Citation(s) in RCA: 40] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/25/2014] [Accepted: 01/04/2016] [Indexed: 12/27/2022] Open
Abstract
Chronic myelogenous leukemia (CML) results from transformation of a long-term hematopoietic stem cell (LTHSC) by expression of the BCR-ABL fusion gene. However, BCR-ABL-expressing LTHSCs are heterogeneous in their capacity as leukemic stem cells (LSCs). Although discrepancies in proliferative, self-renewal, and differentiation properties of normal LTHSCs are being increasingly recognized, the mechanisms underlying heterogeneity of leukemic LTHSCs are poorly understood. Using a CML mouse model, we identified gene expression differences between leukemic and nonleukemic LTHSCs. Expression of the thrombopoietin (THPO) receptor MPL was elevated in leukemic LTHSC populations. Compared with LTHSCs with low MPL expression, LTHSCs with high MPL expression showed enhanced JAK/STAT signaling and proliferation in response to THPO in vitro and increased leukemogenic capacity in vivo. Although both G0 and S phase subpopulations were increased in LTHSCs with high MPL expression, LSC capacity was restricted to quiescent cells. Inhibition of MPL expression in CML LTHSCs reduced THPO-induced JAK/STAT signaling and leukemogenic potential. These same phenotypes were also present in LTHSCs from patients with CML, and patient LTHSCs with high MPL expression had reduced sensitivity to BCR-ABL tyrosine kinase inhibitor treatment but increased sensitivity to JAK inhibitors. Together, our studies identify MPL expression levels as a key determinant of heterogeneous leukemia-initiating capacity and drug sensitivity of CML LTHSCs and suggest that high MPL-expressing CML stem cells are potential targets for therapy.
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210
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Cancer stem cells, metabolism, and therapeutic significance. Tumour Biol 2016; 37:5735-42. [PMID: 26864589 DOI: 10.1007/s13277-016-4945-x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 56] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/19/2015] [Accepted: 01/29/2016] [Indexed: 02/08/2023] Open
Abstract
Cancer stem cells (CSCs) have attracted much attention of the research community in the recent years. Due to their highly tumorigenic and drug-resistant properties, CSCs represent important targets for developing novel anticancer agents and therapeutic strategies. CSCs were first described in hematopoietic malignancies and subsequently identified in various types of solid tumors including brain, breast, lung, colon, melanoma, and ovarian cancer. CSCs possess special biological properties including long-term self-renewal capacity, multi-lineage differentiation, and resistance to conventional chemotherapy and radiotherapy. As such, CSCs are considered as a major source of residual disease after therapy leading to disease occurrence. Thus, it is very important to understand the cellular survival mechanisms specific to CSCs and accordingly develop effective therapeutic approaches to eliminate this subpopulation of cancer cells in order to improve the treatment outcome of cancer patients. Possible therapeutic strategies against CSCs include targeting the self-renewal pathways of CSCs, interrupting the interaction between CSCs and their microenvironment, and exploiting the unique metabolic properties of CSCs. In this review article, we will provide an overview of the biological characteristics of CSCs, with a particular focus on their metabolic properties and potential therapeutic strategies to eliminate CSCs.
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211
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PPARγ ligands increase antileukemic activity of second- and third-generation tyrosine kinase inhibitors in chronic myeloid leukemia cells. Blood Cancer J 2016; 6:e377. [PMID: 26745851 PMCID: PMC4742626 DOI: 10.1038/bcj.2015.109] [Citation(s) in RCA: 23] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/11/2022] Open
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212
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Magné N, Massard C, Bay JO, André T, Blay JY, Goncalves A, Orbach D, Wislez M, Thariat J, Penel N, Rancoule C, Vignot S. L’année 2015 à travers le regard du comité de rédaction du Bulletin du cancer. Bull Cancer 2016; 103:3-17. [DOI: 10.1016/j.bulcan.2015.11.006] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/10/2015] [Accepted: 11/10/2015] [Indexed: 10/22/2022]
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213
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Abstract
Combining a tyrosine kinase inhibitor (imatinib) and a thiazolidinedione (pioglitazone) is proposed for the treatment of chronic myeloid leukemia.
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214
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Bertolini F, Sukhatme VP, Bouche G. Drug repurposing in oncology--patient and health systems opportunities. Nat Rev Clin Oncol 2015; 12:732-42. [PMID: 26483297 DOI: 10.1038/nrclinonc.2015.169] [Citation(s) in RCA: 200] [Impact Index Per Article: 22.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/19/2022]
Abstract
In most countries, healthcare service budgets are not likely to support the current explosion in the cost of new oncology drugs. Repurposing the large arsenal of approved, non-anticancer drugs is an attractive strategy to offer more-effective options to patients with cancer, and has the substantial advantages of cheaper, faster and safer preclinical and clinical validation protocols. The potential benefits are so relevant that funding of academically and/or independently driven preclinical and clinical research programmes should be considered at both national and international levels. To date, successes in oncology drug repurposing have been limited, despite strong evidence supporting the use of many different drugs. A lack of financial incentives for drug developers and limited drug development experience within the non-profit sector are key reasons for this lack of success. We discuss these issues and offer solutions to finally seize this opportunity in the interest of patients and societies, globally.
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Affiliation(s)
- Francesco Bertolini
- Laboratory of Hematology-Oncology, European Institute of Oncology, Via Ripamonti 435, 20141 Milan, Italy
| | - Vikas P Sukhatme
- Beth Israel Deaconess Medical Center and Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA 02215, USA
| | - Gauthier Bouche
- Anticancer Fund, 1853 Strombeek-Bever, Brussels 1853, Belgium
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215
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Abstract
Recently, chronic myeloid leukemia (CML) patients already responding to treatment showed improved molecular responses with pioglitazone, presumably through PPARγ activation and CML stem cell eradication. Given data demonstrating deepening responses and successful treatment discontinuation with current therapy, the necessity for new therapies targeting CML stem cells to achieve cure is unclear.
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Affiliation(s)
- Beth Apsel Winger
- Department of Pediatric Hematology/Oncology, University of California, San Francisco, San Francisco, CA 94143, USA
| | - Neil P Shah
- Division of Hematology/Oncology, Department of Medicine, University of California, San Francisco, San Francisco, CA 94143, USA.
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216
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Research Highlights. Nat Biotechnol 2015. [DOI: 10.1038/nbt.3368] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/09/2022]
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217
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