201
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Gonciar D, Mocan T, Matea CT, Zdrehus C, Mosteanu O, Mocan L, Pop T. Nanotechnology in metastatic cancer treatment: Current Achievements and Future Research Trends. J Cancer 2019; 10:1358-1369. [PMID: 31031845 PMCID: PMC6485233 DOI: 10.7150/jca.28394] [Citation(s) in RCA: 19] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/09/2018] [Accepted: 01/04/2019] [Indexed: 12/20/2022] Open
Abstract
The systemic spread of malignant cells from a primary site, a process termed metastasis represents a global challenge in cancer treatment. There is a real need to develop novel therapy strategies and nanomedicine may have remarkable and valuable contribution through specific and selective delivery of chemotherapeutic agents, through its intrinsic cytotoxic activity or through imaging applications, appealing also in the context of cancer personalized therapy. This review is focused on the applications of nanoparticles in the treatment of metastatic cancer, particularly on the possible effect on cell stabilization, growth inhibition, eventual interaction with adhesion molecules and antiangiogenic effect.
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Affiliation(s)
- Diana Gonciar
- Third Surgery Clinic, "Iuliu Hatieganu" University of Medicine and Pharmacy Cluj-Napoca, Romania.,Nanomedicine Department, Regional Institute of Gastroenterology and Hepatology "Prof.Dr. Octavian Fodor" Cluj-Napoca , Romania
| | - Teodora Mocan
- Physiology Department, "Iuliu Hatieganu" University of Medicine and Pharmacy Cluj-Napoca, Romania.,Nanomedicine Department, Regional Institute of Gastroenterology and Hepatology "Prof.Dr. Octavian Fodor" Cluj-Napoca , Romania
| | - Cristian Tudor Matea
- Third Surgery Clinic, "Iuliu Hatieganu" University of Medicine and Pharmacy Cluj-Napoca, Romania.,Nanomedicine Department, Regional Institute of Gastroenterology and Hepatology "Prof.Dr. Octavian Fodor" Cluj-Napoca , Romania
| | - Claudiu Zdrehus
- Third Surgery Clinic, "Iuliu Hatieganu" University of Medicine and Pharmacy Cluj-Napoca, Romania.,Nanomedicine Department, Regional Institute of Gastroenterology and Hepatology "Prof.Dr. Octavian Fodor" Cluj-Napoca , Romania
| | - Ofelia Mosteanu
- Third Surgery Clinic, "Iuliu Hatieganu" University of Medicine and Pharmacy Cluj-Napoca, Romania.,Nanomedicine Department, Regional Institute of Gastroenterology and Hepatology "Prof.Dr. Octavian Fodor" Cluj-Napoca , Romania
| | - Lucian Mocan
- Third Surgery Clinic, "Iuliu Hatieganu" University of Medicine and Pharmacy Cluj-Napoca, Romania.,Nanomedicine Department, Regional Institute of Gastroenterology and Hepatology "Prof.Dr. Octavian Fodor" Cluj-Napoca , Romania
| | - Teodora Pop
- Nanomedicine Department, Regional Institute of Gastroenterology and Hepatology "Prof.Dr. Octavian Fodor" Cluj-Napoca , Romania
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202
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Huang P, Wang X, Liang X, Yang J, Zhang C, Kong D, Wang W. Nano-, micro-, and macroscale drug delivery systems for cancer immunotherapy. Acta Biomater 2019; 85:1-26. [PMID: 30579043 DOI: 10.1016/j.actbio.2018.12.028] [Citation(s) in RCA: 108] [Impact Index Per Article: 21.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/24/2018] [Revised: 12/05/2018] [Accepted: 12/18/2018] [Indexed: 12/16/2022]
Abstract
Immunotherapy is moving to the frontier of cancer treatment. Drug delivery systems (DDSs) have greatly advanced the development of cancer immunotherapeutic regimen and combination treatment. DDSs can spatiotemporally present tumor antigens, drugs, immunostimulatory molecules, or adjuvants, thus enabling the modulation of immune cells including dendritic cells (DCs) or T-cells directly in vivo and thereby provoking robust antitumor immune responses. Cancer vaccines, immune checkpoint blockade, and adoptive cell transfer have shown promising therapeutic efficiency in clinic, and the incorporation of DDSs may further increase antitumor efficiency while decreasing adverse side effects. This review focuses on the use of nano-, micro-, and macroscale DDSs for co-delivery of different immunostimulatory factors to reprogram the immune system to combat cancer. Regarding to nanoparticle-based DDSs, we emphasize the nanoparticle-based tumor immune environment modulation or as an addition to gene therapy, photodynamic therapy, or photothermal therapy. For microparticle or capsule-based DDSs, an overview of the carrier type, fabrication approach, and co-delivery of tumor vaccines and adjuvants is introduced. Finally, macroscale DDSs including hydrogels and scaffolds are also included and their role in personalized vaccine delivery and adoptive cell transfer therapy are described. Perspective and clinical translation of DDS-based cancer immunotherapy is also discussed. We believe that DDSs hold great potential in advancing the fundamental research and clinical translation of cancer immunotherapy. STATEMENT OF SIGNIFICANCE: Immunotherapy is moving to the frontier of cancer treatment. Drug delivery systems (DDSs) have greatly advanced the development of cancer immunotherapeutic regimen and combination treatment. In this comprehensive review, we focus on the use of nano-, micro-, and macroscale DDSs for the co-delivery of different immunostimulatory factors to reprogram the immune system to combat cancer. We also propose the perspective on the development of next-generation DDS-based cancer immunotherapy. This review indicates that DDSs can augment the antitumor T-cell immunity and hold great potential in advancing the fundamental research and clinical translation of cancer immunotherapy by simultaneously delivering dual or multiple immunostimulatory drugs.
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203
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Triptolide-targeted delivery methods. Eur J Med Chem 2019; 164:342-351. [DOI: 10.1016/j.ejmech.2018.12.058] [Citation(s) in RCA: 33] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/05/2018] [Revised: 12/15/2018] [Accepted: 12/24/2018] [Indexed: 12/21/2022]
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204
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Lee ES, Shin JM, Son S, Ko H, Um W, Song SH, Lee JA, Park JH. Recent Advances in Polymeric Nanomedicines for Cancer Immunotherapy. Adv Healthc Mater 2019; 8:e1801320. [PMID: 30666822 DOI: 10.1002/adhm.201801320] [Citation(s) in RCA: 30] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/18/2018] [Revised: 12/08/2018] [Indexed: 12/20/2022]
Abstract
Immunotherapy has emerged as a promising approach to treat cancer, since it facilitates eradication of cancer by enhancing innate and/or adaptive immunity without using cytotoxic drugs. Of the immunotherapeutic approaches, significant clinical potentials are shown in cancer vaccination, immune checkpoint therapy, and adoptive cell transfer. Nevertheless, conventional immunotherapies often involve immune-related adverse effects, such as liver dysfunction, hypophysitis, type I diabetes, and neuropathy. In an attempt to address these issues, polymeric nanomedicines are extensively investigated in recent years. In this review, recent advances in polymeric nanomedicines for cancer immunotherapy are highlighted and thoroughly discussed in terms of 1) antigen presentation, 2) activation of antigen-presenting cells and T cells, and 3) promotion of effector cells. Also, the future perspectives to develop ideal nanomedicines for cancer immunotherapy are provided.
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Affiliation(s)
- Eun Sook Lee
- Department of Health Sciences and Technology; SAIHST; Sungkyunkwan University; Suwon 16419 Republic of Korea
| | - Jung Min Shin
- School of Chemical Engineering; College of Engineering; Sungkyunkwan University; Suwon 16419 Republic of Korea
| | - Soyoung Son
- Department of Health Sciences and Technology; SAIHST; Sungkyunkwan University; Suwon 16419 Republic of Korea
| | - Hyewon Ko
- Department of Health Sciences and Technology; SAIHST; Sungkyunkwan University; Suwon 16419 Republic of Korea
| | - Wooram Um
- Department of Health Sciences and Technology; SAIHST; Sungkyunkwan University; Suwon 16419 Republic of Korea
| | - Seok Ho Song
- School of Chemical Engineering; College of Engineering; Sungkyunkwan University; Suwon 16419 Republic of Korea
| | - Jae Ah Lee
- School of Chemical Engineering; College of Engineering; Sungkyunkwan University; Suwon 16419 Republic of Korea
| | - Jae Hyung Park
- Department of Health Sciences and Technology; SAIHST; Sungkyunkwan University; Suwon 16419 Republic of Korea
- School of Chemical Engineering; College of Engineering; Sungkyunkwan University; Suwon 16419 Republic of Korea
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205
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Sun Q, Barz M, De Geest BG, Diken M, Hennink WE, Kiessling F, Lammers T, Shi Y. Nanomedicine and macroscale materials in immuno-oncology. Chem Soc Rev 2019; 48:351-381. [PMID: 30465669 PMCID: PMC7115880 DOI: 10.1039/c8cs00473k] [Citation(s) in RCA: 97] [Impact Index Per Article: 19.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/13/2022]
Abstract
Immunotherapy is revolutionizing the treatment of cancer. It can achieve unprecedented responses in advanced-stage patients, including complete cures and long-term survival. However, immunotherapy also has limitations, such as its relatively low response rates and the development of severe side effects. These drawbacks are gradually being overcome by improving our understanding of the immune system, as well as by establishing combination regimens in which immunotherapy is combined with other treatment modalities. In addition to this, in recent years, progress made in chemistry, nanotechnology and materials science has started to impact immuno-oncology, resulting in more effective and less toxic immunotherapy interventions. In this context, multiple different nanomedicine formulations and macroscale materials have been shown to be able to boost anti-cancer immunity and the efficacy of immunomodulatory drugs. We here review nanotechnological and materials chemistry efforts related to endogenous and exogenous vaccination, to the engineering of antigen-presenting cells and T cells, and to the modulation of the tumor microenvironment. We also discuss limitations, current trends and future directions. Together, the insights provided and the evidence obtained indicate that there is a bright future ahead for engineering nanomedicines and macroscale materials for immuno-oncology applications.
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Affiliation(s)
- Qingxue Sun
- Department of Nanomedicines and Theranostics, Institute for Experimental Molecular Imaging, Uniklinik RWTH Aachen and Helmholtz Institute for Biomedical Engineering, RWTH Aachen University, 52074 Aachen, Germany
| | - Matthias Barz
- Institute of Organic Chemistry, Johannes Gutenberg University, 55099 Mainz, Germany
| | - Bruno G. De Geest
- Department of Pharmaceutics, Ghent University, B-9000 Ghent, Belgium
| | - Mustafa Diken
- TRON - Translational Oncology at the University Medical Center of Johannes Gutenberg University Mainz gGmbH, 55131, Mainz, Germany
| | - Wim E. Hennink
- Department of Pharmaceutics, Utrecht Institute for Pharmaceutical Sciences, Utrecht University, 3584 CG Utrecht, The Netherlands
| | - Fabian Kiessling
- Department of Nanomedicines and Theranostics, Institute for Experimental Molecular Imaging, Uniklinik RWTH Aachen and Helmholtz Institute for Biomedical Engineering, RWTH Aachen University, 52074 Aachen, Germany
- Fraunhofer MEVIS, Institute for Medical Image Computing, 52074 Aachen, Germany
| | - Twan Lammers
- Department of Nanomedicines and Theranostics, Institute for Experimental Molecular Imaging, Uniklinik RWTH Aachen and Helmholtz Institute for Biomedical Engineering, RWTH Aachen University, 52074 Aachen, Germany
- Department of Pharmaceutics, Utrecht Institute for Pharmaceutical Sciences, Utrecht University, 3584 CG Utrecht, The Netherlands
- Department of Targeted Therapeutics, MIRA Institute for Biomedical Technology and Technical Medicine, University of Twente, 7500 AE Enschede, The Netherlands
| | - Yang Shi
- Department of Nanomedicines and Theranostics, Institute for Experimental Molecular Imaging, Uniklinik RWTH Aachen and Helmholtz Institute for Biomedical Engineering, RWTH Aachen University, 52074 Aachen, Germany
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206
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Sang W, Zhang Z, Dai Y, Chen X. Recent advances in nanomaterial-based synergistic combination cancer immunotherapy. Chem Soc Rev 2019; 48:3771-3810. [DOI: 10.1039/c8cs00896e] [Citation(s) in RCA: 208] [Impact Index Per Article: 41.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/16/2022]
Abstract
This review aims to summarize various synergistic combination cancer immunotherapy strategies based on nanomaterials.
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Affiliation(s)
- Wei Sang
- Cancer Centre
- Faculty of Health Sciences
- University of Macau
- Macau SAR 999078
- China
| | - Zhan Zhang
- Cancer Centre
- Faculty of Health Sciences
- University of Macau
- Macau SAR 999078
- China
| | - Yunlu Dai
- Cancer Centre
- Faculty of Health Sciences
- University of Macau
- Macau SAR 999078
- China
| | - Xiaoyuan Chen
- Laboratory of Molecular Imaging and Nanomedicine
- National Institute of Biomedical Imaging and Bioengineering
- National Institutes of Health
- Bethesda
- USA
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207
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Gao S, Yang D, Fang Y, Lin X, Jin X, Wang Q, Wang X, Ke L, Shi K. Engineering Nanoparticles for Targeted Remodeling of the Tumor Microenvironment to Improve Cancer Immunotherapy. Theranostics 2019; 9:126-151. [PMID: 30662558 PMCID: PMC6332787 DOI: 10.7150/thno.29431] [Citation(s) in RCA: 108] [Impact Index Per Article: 21.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/23/2018] [Accepted: 11/01/2018] [Indexed: 12/22/2022] Open
Abstract
Owing to the fast-paced growth and cross-infiltration of oncology, immunology and molecular biology, tumor immunotherapy technology represented by immune checkpoint blockade and chimeric antigen receptor (CAR) T cell therapy has lately made remarkable advancements. In comparison with traditional chemotherapy, immunotherapy has the potential to elicit a stronger sustained antitumor immune response in those patients who have advanced malignant malignancies. In spite of the advancements made, a significant number of clinical research works have validated that an extensive proportion of cancer patients still manifest insensitivity to immunotherapy, primarily because of the immunomodulatory interactions between tumor cells and the immunosuppressive tumor microenvironment (TME), together mediating the immune tolerance of tumors and accordingly impacting the positive response to immunotherapy. The intricate immunosuppressive networks formed by stromal cells, inflammatory cells, vasculature, extracellular matrix (ECM), and their secreted cytokines in the TME, play a pivotal role in tumor immune escape. Specific blocking of inhibition pathways in the TME is expected to effectively prevent immune escape and tolerance of tumor cells in addition to their metastasis, accordingly improving the antitumor immune response at various phases of tumor growth. Emerging nanoscale targeted drug carriers truly suit this specific requirement due to their specificity, biocompatibility, and convenience of production. This review emphasizes recent attempts to remodel the tumor immune microenvironment using novel nanoparticles, which include specifically eliminating immunosuppressive cells, reprogramming immune regulatory cells, promoting inflammatory cytokines and blocking immune checkpoints. Targeted remodeling of the immunosuppressive TME using well-designed and fabricated nanoparticles provides a promising strategy for improving the effectiveness of current immunotherapy and is greatly significant.
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Affiliation(s)
- Shan Gao
- Department of Pharmaceutics, School of Pharmacy, Shenyang Pharmaceutical University, Shenyang, Liaoning 117004, P. R. China
| | - Dongjuan Yang
- Department of Pharmaceutics, School of Pharmacy, Shenyang Pharmaceutical University, Shenyang, Liaoning 117004, P. R. China
| | - Yan Fang
- Department of Pharmaceutics, School of Pharmacy, Shenyang Pharmaceutical University, Shenyang, Liaoning 117004, P. R. China
| | - Xiaojie Lin
- Department of Pharmaceutics, School of Pharmacy, Shenyang Pharmaceutical University, Shenyang, Liaoning 117004, P. R. China
| | - Xuechao Jin
- Department of Pharmaceutics, School of Pharmacy, Shenyang Pharmaceutical University, Shenyang, Liaoning 117004, P. R. China
| | - Qi Wang
- Department of Pharmaceutics, School of Pharmacy, Shenyang Pharmaceutical University, Shenyang, Liaoning 117004, P. R. China
| | - Xiyan Wang
- Department of Pharmaceutics, School of Pharmacy, Shenyang Pharmaceutical University, Shenyang, Liaoning 117004, P. R. China
| | - Liyuan Ke
- Liaoning Cancer Hospital & Institute, Shenyang, Liaoning 110042, P. R. China
| | - Kai Shi
- Department of Pharmaceutics, School of Pharmacy, Shenyang Pharmaceutical University, Shenyang, Liaoning 117004, P. R. China
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208
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209
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Yang YSS, Moynihan KD, Bekdemir A, Dichwalkar TM, Noh MM, Watson N, Melo M, Ingram J, Suh H, Ploegh H, Stellacci FR, Irvine DJ. Targeting small molecule drugs to T cells with antibody-directed cell-penetrating gold nanoparticles. Biomater Sci 2018; 7:113-124. [PMID: 30444251 PMCID: PMC6310171 DOI: 10.1039/c8bm01208c] [Citation(s) in RCA: 50] [Impact Index Per Article: 8.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/14/2022]
Abstract
We sought to develop a nanoparticle vehicle that could efficiently deliver small molecule drugs to target lymphocyte populations. The synthesized amphiphilic organic ligand-protected gold nanoparticles (amph-NPs) were capable of sequestering large payloads of small molecule drugs within hydrophobic pockets of their ligand shells. These particles exhibit membrane-penetrating activity in mammalian cells, and thus enhanced uptake of a small molecule TGF-β inhibitor in T cells in cell culture. By conjugating amph-NPs with targeting antibodies or camelid-derived nanobodies, the particles' cell-penetrating properties could be temporarily suppressed, allowing targeted uptake in specific lymphocyte subpopulations. Degradation of the protein targeting moieties following particle endocytosis allowed the NPs to recover their cell-penetrating activity in situ to enter the cytoplasm of T cells. In vivo, targeted amph-NPs showed 40-fold enhanced uptake in CD8+ T cells relative to untargeted particles, and delivery of TGF-β inhibitor-loaded particles to T cells enhanced their cytokine polyfunctionality in a cancer vaccine model. Thus, this system provides a facile approach to concentrate small molecule compounds in target lymphocyte populations of interest for immunotherapy in cancer and other diseases.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yu-Sang Sabrina Yang
- Massachusetts Institute of Technology, Department of Materials Science and Engineering, Cambridge, 02139, USA.
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210
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Chen H, Gu Z, An H, Chen C, Chen J, Cui R, Chen S, Chen W, Chen X, Chen X, Chen Z, Ding B, Dong Q, Fan Q, Fu T, Hou D, Jiang Q, Ke H, Jiang X, Liu G, Li S, Li T, Liu Z, Nie G, Ovais M, Pang D, Qiu N, Shen Y, Tian H, Wang C, Wang H, Wang Z, Xu H, Xu JF, Yang X, Zhu S, Zheng X, Zhang X, Zhao Y, Tan W, Zhang X, Zhao Y. Precise nanomedicine for intelligent therapy of cancer. Sci China Chem 2018. [DOI: 10.1007/s11426-018-9397-5] [Citation(s) in RCA: 279] [Impact Index Per Article: 46.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/08/2023]
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211
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Ryu Y, Kang JA, Kim D, Kim SR, Kim S, Park SJ, Kwon SH, Kim KN, Lee DE, Lee JJ, Kim HS. Programed Assembly of Nucleoprotein Nanoparticles Using DNA and Zinc Fingers for Targeted Protein Delivery. SMALL (WEINHEIM AN DER BERGSTRASSE, GERMANY) 2018; 14:e1802618. [PMID: 30398698 DOI: 10.1002/smll.201802618] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/05/2018] [Revised: 09/29/2018] [Indexed: 06/08/2023]
Abstract
With a growing number of intracellular drug targets and the high efficacy of protein therapeutics, the targeted delivery of active proteins with negligible toxicity is a challenging issue in the field of precision medicine. Herein, a programed assembly of nucleoprotein nanoparticles (NNPs) using DNA and zinc fingers (ZnFs) for targeted protein delivery is presented. Two types of ZnFs with different sequence specificities are genetically fused to a targeting moiety and a protein cargo, respectively. Double-stranded DNA with multiple ZnF-binding sequences is grafted onto inorganic nanoparticles, followed by conjugation with the ZnF-fused proteins, generating the assembly of NNPs with a uniform size distribution and high stability. The approach enables controlled loading of a protein cargo on the NNPs, offering a high cytosolic delivery efficiency and target specificity. The utility and potential of the assembly as a versatile protein delivery vehicle is demonstrated based on their remarkable antitumor activity and target specificity with negligible toxicity in a xenograft mice model.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yiseul Ryu
- Department of Biological Sciences, Korea Advanced Institute of Science and Technology (KAIST), Daejeon, 34141, South Korea
| | - Jung Ae Kang
- Advanced Radiation Technology Institute, Korea Atomic Energy Research Institute (KAERI), Jeongup, 56212, South Korea
| | - Dasom Kim
- Department of Biological Sciences, Korea Advanced Institute of Science and Technology (KAIST), Daejeon, 34141, South Korea
| | - Song-Rae Kim
- Division of Bio-Imaging, Korea Basic Science Institute (KBSI), Chuncheon, 24341, South Korea
| | - Seungmin Kim
- Department of Biochemistry, Kangwon National University, Chuncheon, 24341, South Korea
| | - Seong Ji Park
- Department of Biochemistry, Kangwon National University, Chuncheon, 24341, South Korea
| | - Seung-Hae Kwon
- Division of Bio-Imaging, Korea Basic Science Institute (KBSI), Chuncheon, 24341, South Korea
| | - Kil-Nam Kim
- Division of Bio-Imaging, Korea Basic Science Institute (KBSI), Chuncheon, 24341, South Korea
| | - Dong-Eun Lee
- Advanced Radiation Technology Institute, Korea Atomic Energy Research Institute (KAERI), Jeongup, 56212, South Korea
| | - Joong-Jae Lee
- Department of Biochemistry, Kangwon National University, Chuncheon, 24341, South Korea
- Institute of Life Sciences (ILS), Kangwon National University, Chuncheon, 24341, South Korea
| | - Hak-Sung Kim
- Department of Biological Sciences, Korea Advanced Institute of Science and Technology (KAIST), Daejeon, 34141, South Korea
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212
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Liu X, Wang C, Liu Z. Protein-Engineered Biomaterials for Cancer Theranostics. Adv Healthc Mater 2018; 7:e1800913. [PMID: 30260583 DOI: 10.1002/adhm.201800913] [Citation(s) in RCA: 19] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/30/2018] [Revised: 08/19/2018] [Indexed: 12/18/2022]
Abstract
Proteins are an important class of biomaterials promising a variety of applications such as drug delivery, and imaging or therapy, owing to their biodegradability, biocompatibility, as well as inherent biological activities acting as enzymes, recognizing molecules, or therapeutics by themselves. Over the few past decades, different types of proteins with desired properties have been widely explored for biomedical applications. Many therapeutic proteins have now entered clinical use. This review therefore summarizes various strategies in the engineering of biomaterials for delivery of therapeutic proteins, as well as the recent development of protein-based biomaterials for cancer theranostics.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xiaowen Liu
- Pharmacology; Department of Basic Medical Sciences; Faculty of Medical Science; Jinan University; Guangzhou Guangdong 510632 China
| | - Chao Wang
- Institute of Functional Nano & Soft Materials (FUNSOM); Jiangsu Key Laboratory for Carbon-based Functional Materials and Devices; Soochow University; Suzhou Jiangsu 215123 China
| | - Zhuang Liu
- Institute of Functional Nano & Soft Materials (FUNSOM); Jiangsu Key Laboratory for Carbon-based Functional Materials and Devices; Soochow University; Suzhou Jiangsu 215123 China
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213
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Recent advances in applying nanotechnologies for cancer immunotherapy. J Control Release 2018; 288:239-263. [PMID: 30223043 DOI: 10.1016/j.jconrel.2018.09.010] [Citation(s) in RCA: 51] [Impact Index Per Article: 8.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/25/2018] [Revised: 09/11/2018] [Accepted: 09/12/2018] [Indexed: 12/13/2022]
Abstract
Cancer immunotherapy aimed at boosting cancer-specific immunoresponses to eradicate tumor cells has evolved as a new treatment modality. Nanoparticles incorporating antigens and immunomodulatory agents can activate immune cells and modulate the tumor microenvironment to enhance anti-tumor immunity. The nanotechnology approach has been demonstrated to be superior to standard formulations in in-vivo settings. In this article, we focus on recent advances made within the last 5 years in nanoparticle-based cancer immunotherapy, including peptide- and nucleic acid-based nanovaccines, nanomedicines containing an immunoadjuvant to activate anti-tumor immunity, nanoparticle delivery of immune checkpoint inhibitors and the combination of the above approaches. Encouraging results and new emerging nanotechnologies in drug delivery promise the continuous growth of this field and ultimately clinical translation of enhanced immunotherapy of cancer.
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214
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Wang H, Mooney DJ. Biomaterial-assisted targeted modulation of immune cells in cancer treatment. NATURE MATERIALS 2018; 17:761-772. [PMID: 30104668 DOI: 10.1038/s41563-018-0147-9] [Citation(s) in RCA: 299] [Impact Index Per Article: 49.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/15/2018] [Accepted: 07/10/2018] [Indexed: 05/06/2023]
Abstract
The past decade has witnessed the accelerating development of immunotherapies for cancer treatment. Immune checkpoint blockade therapies and chimeric antigen receptor (CAR)-T cell therapies have demonstrated clinical efficacy against a variety of cancers. However, issues including life-threatening off-target side effects, long processing times, limited patient responses and high cost still limit the clinical utility of cancer immunotherapies. Biomaterial carriers of these therapies, though, enable one to troubleshoot the delivery issues, amplify immunomodulatory effects, integrate the synergistic effect of different molecules and, more importantly, home and manipulate immune cells in vivo. In this Review, we will analyse thus-far developed immunomaterials for targeted modulation of dendritic cells, T cells, tumour-associated macrophages, myeloid-derived suppressor cells, B cells and natural killer cells, and summarize the promises and challenges of cell-targeted immunomodulation for cancer treatment.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hua Wang
- Harvard John A. Paulson School of Engineering and Applied Sciences, Harvard University, Cambridge, MA, USA
- Wyss Institute for Biologically Inspired Engineering, Cambridge, MA, USA
| | - David J Mooney
- Harvard John A. Paulson School of Engineering and Applied Sciences, Harvard University, Cambridge, MA, USA.
- Wyss Institute for Biologically Inspired Engineering, Cambridge, MA, USA.
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215
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Lee PW, Pokorski JK. Poly(lactic-co-glycolic acid) devices: Production and applications for sustained protein delivery. WILEY INTERDISCIPLINARY REVIEWS. NANOMEDICINE AND NANOBIOTECHNOLOGY 2018; 10:e1516. [PMID: 29536634 PMCID: PMC6136991 DOI: 10.1002/wnan.1516] [Citation(s) in RCA: 30] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/14/2017] [Revised: 01/30/2018] [Accepted: 02/14/2018] [Indexed: 12/12/2022]
Abstract
Injectable or implantable poly(lactic-co-glycolic acid) (PLGA) devices for the sustained delivery of proteins have been widely studied and utilized to overcome the necessity of repeated administrations for therapeutic proteins due to poor pharmacokinetic profiles of macromolecular therapies. These devices can come in the form of microparticles, implants, or patches depending on the disease state and route of administration. Furthermore, the release rate can be tuned from weeks to months by controlling the polymer composition, geometry of the device, or introducing additives during device fabrication. Slow-release devices have become a very powerful tool for modern medicine. Production of these devices has initially focused on emulsion-based methods, relying on phase separation to encapsulate proteins within polymeric microparticles. Process parameters and the effect of additives have been thoroughly researched to ensure protein stability during device manufacturing and to control the release profile. Continuous fluidic production methods have also been utilized to create protein-laden PLGA devices through spray drying and electrospray production. Thermal processing of PLGA with solid proteins is an emerging production method that allows for continuous, high-throughput manufacturing of PLGA/protein devices. Overall, polymeric materials for protein delivery remain an emerging field of research for the creation of single administration treatments for a wide variety of disease. This review describes, in detail, methods to make PLGA devices, comparing traditional emulsion-based methods to emerging methods to fabricate protein-laden devices. This article is categorized under: Biology-Inspired Nanomaterials > Protein and Virus-Based Structures Implantable Materials and Surgical Technologies > Nanomaterials and Implants Biology-Inspired Nanomaterials > Peptide-Based Structures.
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Affiliation(s)
- Parker W. Lee
- Department of Macromolecular Science and Engineering, School of Engineering, Case Western Reserve University, Cleveland, Ohio 44106, United States
| | - Jonathan K. Pokorski
- Department of Macromolecular Science and Engineering, School of Engineering, Case Western Reserve University, Cleveland, Ohio 44106, United States
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216
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Combinatory therapy adopting nanoparticle-based cancer vaccination with immune checkpoint blockade for treatment of post-surgical tumor recurrences. J Control Release 2018; 285:56-66. [DOI: 10.1016/j.jconrel.2018.07.011] [Citation(s) in RCA: 17] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/15/2018] [Revised: 07/05/2018] [Accepted: 07/05/2018] [Indexed: 12/20/2022]
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217
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Liao J, Wei X, Ran B, Peng J, Qu Y, Qian Z. Polymer hybrid magnetic nanocapsules encapsulating IR820 and PTX for external magnetic field-guided tumor targeting and multifunctional theranostics. NANOSCALE 2018; 9:2479-2491. [PMID: 28150848 DOI: 10.1039/c7nr00033b] [Citation(s) in RCA: 42] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/05/2023]
Abstract
Developing multifunctional nanoparticle-based theranostic systems for personalized cancer diagnosis and treatment is highly desirable. Herein, a magnetic targeting theranostic nanocapsule (NC-SPIOs-IR820-PTX) was fabricated by hierarchically assembling superparamagnetic iron oxide nanoparticles (SPIOs), cyanine dye (IR820) and chemotherapeutic compound of paclitaxel (PTX) with poly(ε-caprolactone-co-lactide)-b-poly(ethylene glycol)-b-poly(ε-caprolactone-co-lactide) (PCLA-PEG-PCLA). The nanocapsules exhibited high stability and biocompatibility both in vitro and in vivo. The nanocomposites maintained their morphology in the cellular uptake and showed efficient tumoricidal activity. Most importantly, the external magnetic field could remotely control the nanocapsules and guide them to target tumors for magnetic resonance imaging (MRI)/near-infrared (NIR) fluorescence imaging. The synergistic therapeutic effects of NC-SPIOs-IR820-PTX with extra-magnetic field-induced tumor targeting ability have enhanced the co-therapy of photo-chemotherapy, resulting in significant tumor inhibition effects. Therefore, NC-SPIOs-IR820-PTX theranostics could be applied for magnetic field guided tumor targeting as well as multimodal MRI/NIR imaging, and imaging-guided combined therapy.
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Affiliation(s)
- JinFeng Liao
- State Key Laboratory of Biotherapy and Cancer Center, West China Hospital, Sichuan University, and Collaborative Innovation Center for Biotherapy, Chengdu, 610041, P.R. China. and State Key Laboratory of Oral Diseases, National Clinical Research Center for Oral Diseases, West China Hospital of Stomatology, Sichuan University, Chengdu, 610041, P.R. China
| | - XiaWei Wei
- State Key Laboratory of Biotherapy and Cancer Center, West China Hospital, Sichuan University, and Collaborative Innovation Center for Biotherapy, Chengdu, 610041, P.R. China.
| | - Bei Ran
- State Key Laboratory of Biotherapy and Cancer Center, West China Hospital, Sichuan University, and Collaborative Innovation Center for Biotherapy, Chengdu, 610041, P.R. China.
| | - JinRong Peng
- State Key Laboratory of Biotherapy and Cancer Center, West China Hospital, Sichuan University, and Collaborative Innovation Center for Biotherapy, Chengdu, 610041, P.R. China.
| | - Ying Qu
- State Key Laboratory of Biotherapy and Cancer Center, West China Hospital, Sichuan University, and Collaborative Innovation Center for Biotherapy, Chengdu, 610041, P.R. China.
| | - ZhiYong Qian
- State Key Laboratory of Biotherapy and Cancer Center, West China Hospital, Sichuan University, and Collaborative Innovation Center for Biotherapy, Chengdu, 610041, P.R. China.
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218
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Li X, Wang X, Ito A. Tailoring inorganic nanoadjuvants towards next-generation vaccines. Chem Soc Rev 2018; 47:4954-4980. [PMID: 29911725 DOI: 10.1039/c8cs00028j] [Citation(s) in RCA: 71] [Impact Index Per Article: 11.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/18/2022]
Abstract
Vaccines, one of the most effective and powerful public health measures, have saved countless lives over the past century and still have a tremendous global impact. As an indispensable component of modern vaccines, adjuvants play a critical role in strengthening and/or shaping a specific immune response against infectious diseases as well as malignancies. The application of nanotechnology provides the possibility of precisely tailoring the building blocks of nanoadjuvants towards modern vaccines with the desired immune response. The last decade has witnessed great academic progress in inorganic nanomaterials for vaccine adjuvants in terms of nanometer-scale synthesis, structure control, and functionalization design. Inorganic adjuvants generally facilitate the delivery of antigens, allowing them to be released in a sustained manner, enhance immunogenicity, deliver antigens efficiently to specific targets, and induce a specific immune response. In particular, the recent discovery of the intrinsic immunomodulatory function of inorganic nanomaterials further allows us to shape the immune response towards the desired type and increase the efficacy of vaccines. In this article, we comprehensively review state-of-the-art research on the use of inorganic nanomaterials as vaccine adjuvants. Attention is focused on the physicochemical properties of versatile inorganic nanoadjuvants, such as composition, size, morphology, shape, hydrophobicity, and surface charge, to effectively stimulate cellular immunity, considering that the clinically used alum adjuvants can only induce strong humoral immunity. In addition, the efforts made to date to expand the application of inorganic nanoadjuvants in cancer vaccines are summarized. Finally, we discuss the future prospects and our outlook on tailoring inorganic nanoadjuvants towards next-generation vaccines.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xia Li
- Health Research Institute, Department of Life Science and Biotechnology, National Institute of Advanced Industrial Science and Technology (AIST), Central 6, 1-1-1 Higashi, Tsukuba, Ibaraki 305-8566, Japan.
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219
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Maeda K, Otomo K, Yoshida N, Abu-Asab MS, Ichinose K, Nishino T, Kono M, Ferretti A, Bhargava R, Maruyama S, Bickerton S, Fahmy TM, Tsokos MG, Tsokos GC. CaMK4 compromises podocyte function in autoimmune and nonautoimmune kidney disease. J Clin Invest 2018; 128:3445-3459. [PMID: 29985166 DOI: 10.1172/jci99507] [Citation(s) in RCA: 75] [Impact Index Per Article: 12.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/27/2017] [Accepted: 05/17/2018] [Indexed: 12/31/2022] Open
Abstract
Podocyte malfunction occurs in autoimmune and nonautoimmune kidney disease. Calcium signaling is essential for podocyte injury, but the role of Ca2+/calmodulin-dependent kinase (CaMK) signaling in podocytes has not been fully explored. We report that podocytes from patients with lupus nephritis and focal segmental glomerulosclerosis and lupus-prone and lipopolysaccharide- or adriamycin-treated mice display increased expression of CaMK IV (CaMK4), but not CaMK2. Mechanistically, CaMK4 modulated podocyte motility by altering the expression of the GTPases Rac1 and RhoA and suppressed the expression of nephrin, synaptopodin, and actin fibers in podocytes. In addition, it phosphorylated the scaffold protein 14-3-3β, which resulted in the release and degradation of synaptopodin. Targeted delivery of a CaMK4 inhibitor to podocytes preserved their ultrastructure, averted immune complex deposition and crescent formation, and suppressed proteinuria in lupus-prone mice and proteinuria in mice exposed to lipopolysaccharide-induced podocyte injury by preserving nephrin/synaptopodin expression. In animals exposed to adriamycin, podocyte-specific delivery of a CaMK4 inhibitor prevented and reversed podocyte injury and renal disease. We conclude that CaMK4 is pivotal in immune and nonimmune podocyte injury and that its targeted cell-specific inhibition preserves podocyte structure and function and should have therapeutic value in lupus nephritis and podocytopathies, including focal segmental glomerulosclerosis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Kayaho Maeda
- Department of Medicine, Beth Israel Deaconess Medical Center, Harvard Medical School, Boston, Massachusetts, USA
| | - Kotaro Otomo
- Department of Medicine, Beth Israel Deaconess Medical Center, Harvard Medical School, Boston, Massachusetts, USA
| | - Nobuya Yoshida
- Department of Medicine, Beth Israel Deaconess Medical Center, Harvard Medical School, Boston, Massachusetts, USA
| | - Mones S Abu-Asab
- Histopathology Core, National Eye Institute, NIH, Bethesda, Maryland, USA
| | - Kunihiro Ichinose
- Department of Immunology and Rheumatology, Division of Advanced Preventive Medical Sciences, Nagasaki University Graduate School of Biomedical Sciences, Nagasaki, Japan
| | - Tomoya Nishino
- Department of Nephrology, Nagasaki University Hospital, Nagasaki, Japan
| | - Michihito Kono
- Department of Medicine, Beth Israel Deaconess Medical Center, Harvard Medical School, Boston, Massachusetts, USA
| | - Andrew Ferretti
- Department of Medicine, Beth Israel Deaconess Medical Center, Harvard Medical School, Boston, Massachusetts, USA
| | - Rhea Bhargava
- Department of Medicine, Beth Israel Deaconess Medical Center, Harvard Medical School, Boston, Massachusetts, USA
| | - Shoichi Maruyama
- Department of Nephrology, Nagoya University Graduate School of Medicine, Nagoya, Japan
| | - Sean Bickerton
- Department of Biomedical Engineering, Yale University and Yale University School of Medicine, New Haven, Connecticut, USA
| | - Tarek M Fahmy
- Department of Biomedical Engineering, Department of Chemical and Environmental Engineering, Department of Immunobiology, Yale University and Yale University School of Medicine, New Haven, Connecticut, USA
| | - Maria G Tsokos
- Department of Medicine, Beth Israel Deaconess Medical Center, Harvard Medical School, Boston, Massachusetts, USA
| | - George C Tsokos
- Department of Medicine, Beth Israel Deaconess Medical Center, Harvard Medical School, Boston, Massachusetts, USA
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220
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Hinck AP. Structure-guided engineering of TGF-βs for the development of novel inhibitors and probing mechanism. Bioorg Med Chem 2018; 26:5239-5246. [PMID: 30026042 DOI: 10.1016/j.bmc.2018.07.008] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/15/2018] [Revised: 06/05/2018] [Accepted: 07/06/2018] [Indexed: 02/07/2023]
Abstract
The increasing availability of detailed structural information on many biological systems provides an avenue for manipulation of these structures, either for probing mechanism or for developing novel therapeutic agents for treating disease. This has been accompanied by the advent of several powerful new methods, such as the ability to incorporate non-natural amino acids or perform fragment screening, increasing the capacity to leverage this new structural information to aid in these pursuits. The abundance of structural information also provides new opportunities for protein engineering, which may become more and more relevant as treatment of diseases using gene therapy approaches become increasingly common. This is illustrated by example with the TGF-β family of proteins, for which there is ample structural information, yet no approved inhibitors for treating diseases, such as cancer and fibrosis that are promoted by excessive TGF-β signaling. The results presented demonstrate that through several relatively simple modifications, primarily involving the removal of an α-helix and replacement of it with a flexible loop, it is possible to alter TGF-βs from being potent signaling proteins into inhibitors of TGF-β signaling. The engineered TGF-βs have improved specificity relative to kinase inhibitors and a much smaller size compared to monoclonal antibodies, and thus may prove successful as either as an injected therapeutic or as a gene therapy-based therapeutic, where other classes of inhibitors have failed.
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Affiliation(s)
- Andrew P Hinck
- Department of Structural Biology, University of Pittsburgh, Pittsburgh, PA 15260, USA.
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221
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Wang H, Paul A, Nguyen D, Enejder A, Heilshorn SC. Tunable Control of Hydrogel Microstructure by Kinetic Competition between Self-Assembly and Crosslinking of Elastin-like Proteins. ACS APPLIED MATERIALS & INTERFACES 2018; 10:21808-21815. [PMID: 29869869 DOI: 10.1021/acsami.8b02461] [Citation(s) in RCA: 28] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/08/2023]
Abstract
The fabrication of three dimensional "bead-string" microstructured hydrogels is rationally achieved by controlling the relative timing of chemical crosslinking and physical self-assembly processes of an engineered protein. To demonstrate this strategy, an elastin-like protein (ELP) amino acid sequence was selected to enable site-specific chemical crosslinking and thermoresponsive physical self-assembly. This method allows the tuning of material microstructures without altering the ELP amino acid sequence but simply through controlling the chemical crosslinking extent before the thermally induced, physical coacervation of ELP. A loosely crosslinked network enables ELP to have greater chain mobility, resulting in phase segregation into larger beads. By contrast, a network with higher crosslinking density has restricted ELP chain mobility, resulting in more localized self-assembly into smaller beads. As a proof of concept application for this facile assembly process, we demonstrate one-pot, simultaneous, dual encapsulation of hydrophilic and hydrophobic model drugs within the microstructured hydrogel and differential release rates of the two drugs from the material.
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Affiliation(s)
- Huiyuan Wang
- Department of Materials Science & Engineering , Stanford University , Stanford , California 94305 , United States
| | - Alexandra Paul
- Department of Biology and Biological Engineering , Chalmers University of Technology , Gothenburg SE-412 96 , Sweden
| | - Duong Nguyen
- Department of Biology and Biological Engineering , Chalmers University of Technology , Gothenburg SE-412 96 , Sweden
| | - Annika Enejder
- Department of Materials Science & Engineering , Stanford University , Stanford , California 94305 , United States
| | - Sarah C Heilshorn
- Department of Materials Science & Engineering , Stanford University , Stanford , California 94305 , United States
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222
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Abstract
Transforming Growth Factor beta (TGF-β) is a pleiotropic cytokine produced in large amounts within cancer microenvironments that will ultimately promote neoplastic progression, notably by suppressing the host’s T-cell immunosurveillance. This effect is mostly due to the well-known inhibitory effect of TGF-β on T cell proliferation, activation, and effector functions. Moreover, TGF-β subverts T cell immunity by favoring regulatory T-cell differentiation, further reinforcing immunosuppression within tumor microenvironments. These findings stimulated the development of many strategies to block TGF-β or its signaling pathways, either as monotherapy or in combination with other therapies, to restore anti-cancer immunity. Paradoxically, recent studies provided evidence that TGF-β can also promote differentiation of certain inflammatory populations of T cells, such as Th17, Th9, and resident-memory T cells (Trm), which have been associated with improved tumor control in several models. Here, we review current advances in our understanding of the many roles of TGF-β in T cell biology in the context of tumor immunity and discuss the possibility to manipulate TGF-β signaling to improve cancer immunotherapy.
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Affiliation(s)
- Amina Dahmani
- Centre de Recherche de L'hôpital Maisonneuve-Rosemont, 5415 Boul. de L'Assomption, Montréal, QC H1T 2M4, Canada.
| | - Jean-Sébastien Delisle
- Centre de Recherche de L'hôpital Maisonneuve-Rosemont, 5415 Boul. de L'Assomption, Montréal, QC H1T 2M4, Canada.
- Hematology-Oncology service, Hôpital Maisonneuve-Rosemont, Department of Medicine, Université de Montréal, Montréal, QC H1T 2M4, Canada.
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223
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Labanieh L, Majzner RG, Mackall CL. Programming CAR-T cells to kill cancer. Nat Biomed Eng 2018; 2:377-391. [PMID: 31011197 DOI: 10.1038/s41551-018-0235-9] [Citation(s) in RCA: 228] [Impact Index Per Article: 38.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/20/2017] [Accepted: 04/09/2018] [Indexed: 02/06/2023]
Abstract
T cells engineered to express chimeric antigen receptors (CARs) that are specific for tumour antigens have led to high complete response rates in patients with haematologic malignancies. Despite this early success, major challenges to the broad application of CAR-T cells as cancer therapies remain, including treatment-associated toxicities and cancer relapse with antigen-negative tumours. Targeting solid tumours with CAR-T cells poses additional obstacles because of the paucity of tumour-specific antigens and the immunosuppressive effects of the tumour microenvironment. To overcome these challenges, T cells can be programmed with genetic modules that increase their therapeutic potency and specificity. In this Review Article, we survey major advances in the engineering of next-generation CAR-T therapies for haematologic cancers and solid cancers, with particular emphasis on strategies for the control of CAR specificity and activity and on approaches for improving CAR-T-cell persistence and overcoming immunosuppression. We also lay out a roadmap for the development of off-the-shelf CAR-T cells.
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Affiliation(s)
- Louai Labanieh
- Department of Bioengineering, Stanford University, Stanford, CA, USA
| | - Robbie G Majzner
- Department of Pediatrics, Stanford University School of Medicine, Stanford, CA, USA
| | - Crystal L Mackall
- Department of Pediatrics, Stanford University School of Medicine, Stanford, CA, USA. .,Stanford Cancer Institute, Stanford University School of Medicine, Stanford, CA, USA. .,Department of Medicine, Stanford University School of Medicine, Stanford, CA, USA.
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224
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TGF-β in T Cell Biology: Implications for Cancer Immunotherapy. Cancers (Basel) 2018; 10:cancers10060194. [PMID: 29891791 PMCID: PMC6025055 DOI: 10.3390/cancers10060194] [Citation(s) in RCA: 122] [Impact Index Per Article: 20.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/14/2018] [Revised: 06/07/2018] [Accepted: 06/07/2018] [Indexed: 12/25/2022] Open
Abstract
Transforming Growth Factor beta (TGF-β) is a pleiotropic cytokine produced in large amounts within cancer microenvironments that will ultimately promote neoplastic progression, notably by suppressing the host’s T-cell immunosurveillance. This effect is mostly due to the well-known inhibitory effect of TGF-β on T cell proliferation, activation, and effector functions. Moreover, TGF-β subverts T cell immunity by favoring regulatory T-cell differentiation, further reinforcing immunosuppression within tumor microenvironments. These findings stimulated the development of many strategies to block TGF-β or its signaling pathways, either as monotherapy or in combination with other therapies, to restore anti-cancer immunity. Paradoxically, recent studies provided evidence that TGF-β can also promote differentiation of certain inflammatory populations of T cells, such as Th17, Th9, and resident-memory T cells (Trm), which have been associated with improved tumor control in several models. Here, we review current advances in our understanding of the many roles of TGF-β in T cell biology in the context of tumor immunity and discuss the possibility to manipulate TGF-β signaling to improve cancer immunotherapy.
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225
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Abstract
Polymeric nanoparticles have tremendous potential to improve the efficacy of therapeutic cancer treatments by facilitating targeted delivery to a desired site. The physical and chemical properties of polymers can be tuned to accomplish delivery across the multiple biological barriers required to reach diverse subsets of cells. The use of biodegradable polymers as nanocarriers is especially attractive, as these materials can be designed to break down in physiological conditions and engineered to exhibit triggered functionality when at a particular location or activated by an external source. We present how biodegradable polymers can be engineered as drug delivery systems to target the tumor microenvironment in multiple ways. These nanomedicines can target cancer cells directly, the blood vessels that supply the nutrients and oxygen that support tumor growth, and immune cells to promote anticancer immunotherapy.
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Affiliation(s)
- Johan Karlsson
- Department of Biomedical Engineering, Translational Tissue Engineering Center, and Institute for Nanobiotechnology, Johns Hopkins University School of Medicine, Baltimore, Maryland 21231, USA;
- Department of Chemistry, Ångström Laboratory, Uppsala University, Uppsala SE-75121, Sweden
| | - Hannah J Vaughan
- Department of Biomedical Engineering, Translational Tissue Engineering Center, and Institute for Nanobiotechnology, Johns Hopkins University School of Medicine, Baltimore, Maryland 21231, USA;
| | - Jordan J Green
- Department of Biomedical Engineering, Translational Tissue Engineering Center, and Institute for Nanobiotechnology, Johns Hopkins University School of Medicine, Baltimore, Maryland 21231, USA;
- Departments of Materials Science and Engineering, Chemical and Biomolecular Engineering, Neurosurgery, Oncology, and Ophthalmology and the Bloomberg∼Kimmel Institute for Cancer Immunotherapy, Johns Hopkins University School of Medicine, Baltimore, Maryland 21231, USA
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226
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Truong DH, Tran TTP, Nguyen HT, Phung CD, Pham TT, Yong CS, Kim JO, Tran TH. Modulating T-cell-based cancer immunotherapy via particulate systems. J Drug Target 2018; 27:145-163. [PMID: 29741964 DOI: 10.1080/1061186x.2018.1474360] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/08/2023]
Abstract
Immunotherapy holds tremendous promise for improving cancer treatment in which an appropriate stimulator may naturally trigger the immune system to control cancer. Up-to-date, adoptive T-cell therapy has received two new FDA approvals that provide great hope for some cancer patient groups. Nevertheless, expense and safety-related issues require further study to obtain insight into targets for efficient immunotherapy. The development of material science was largely responsible for providing a promising horizon to strengthen immunoengineering. In this review, we focus on T-cell characteristics in the context of the immune system against cancer and discuss several approaches of exploiting engineered particles to manipulate the responses of T cells and the tumour microenvironment.
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Affiliation(s)
- Duy Hieu Truong
- a Institute of Research and Development, Duy Tan University , Da Nang , Vietnam
| | - Thi Thu Phuong Tran
- b The Institute of Molecular Genetics of Montpellier, CNRS , Montpellier , France
| | - Hanh Thuy Nguyen
- c College of Pharmacy , Yeungnam University , Gyeongsan , Republic of Korea
| | - Cao Dai Phung
- c College of Pharmacy , Yeungnam University , Gyeongsan , Republic of Korea
| | - Tung Thanh Pham
- c College of Pharmacy , Yeungnam University , Gyeongsan , Republic of Korea
| | - Chul Soon Yong
- c College of Pharmacy , Yeungnam University , Gyeongsan , Republic of Korea
| | - Jong Oh Kim
- c College of Pharmacy , Yeungnam University , Gyeongsan , Republic of Korea
| | - Tuan Hiep Tran
- d Department for Management of Science and Technology Development , Ton Duc Thang University , Ho Chi Minh City , Vietnam.,e Faculty of Pharmacy , Ton Duc Thang University , Ho Chi Minh City , Vietnam
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227
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Liposome-based immunity-inducing systems for cancer immunotherapy. Mol Immunol 2018; 98:8-12. [DOI: 10.1016/j.molimm.2017.11.001] [Citation(s) in RCA: 33] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/26/2017] [Revised: 10/21/2017] [Accepted: 11/03/2017] [Indexed: 12/13/2022]
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228
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Zhao X, Deng L, Deng H, Dong A, Wang W, Zhang J. In Situ Template Polymerization to Prepare Liposome-Coated PDMAEMA Nanogels with Controlled Size, High Stability, Low Cytotoxicity, and Responsive Drug Release for Intracellular DOX Release. MACROMOL CHEM PHYS 2018. [DOI: 10.1002/macp.201800071] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/06/2023]
Affiliation(s)
- Xiaoqing Zhao
- Department of Polymer Science and Engineering; Key Laboratory of Systems Bioengineering (Ministry of Education); School of Chemical Engineering and Technology; Tianjin University; Tianjin 300072 China
| | - Liandong Deng
- Department of Polymer Science and Engineering; Key Laboratory of Systems Bioengineering (Ministry of Education); School of Chemical Engineering and Technology; Tianjin University; Tianjin 300072 China
| | - Hongzhang Deng
- Department of Polymer Science and Engineering; Key Laboratory of Systems Bioengineering (Ministry of Education); School of Chemical Engineering and Technology; Tianjin University; Tianjin 300072 China
| | - Anjie Dong
- Department of Polymer Science and Engineering; Key Laboratory of Systems Bioengineering (Ministry of Education); School of Chemical Engineering and Technology; Tianjin University; Tianjin 300072 China
- Collaborative Innovation Center of Chemical Science and Engineering; Tianjin 300072 China
| | - Weiwei Wang
- Tianjin Key Laboratory of Biomaterial Research; Institute of Biomedical Engineering; Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences and Peking Union Medical College; Tianjin 300192 China
| | - Jianhua Zhang
- Department of Polymer Science and Engineering; Key Laboratory of Systems Bioengineering (Ministry of Education); School of Chemical Engineering and Technology; Tianjin University; Tianjin 300072 China
- Tianjin Key Laboratory of Membrane Science and Desalination Technology; Tianjin University; Tianjin 300072 China
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229
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Le QV, Choi J, Oh YK. Nano delivery systems and cancer immunotherapy. JOURNAL OF PHARMACEUTICAL INVESTIGATION 2018. [DOI: 10.1007/s40005-018-0399-z] [Citation(s) in RCA: 32] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/13/2022]
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230
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Yu L, Dong A, Guo R, Yang M, Deng L, Zhang J. DOX/ICG Coencapsulated Liposome-Coated Thermosensitive Nanogels for NIR-Triggered Simultaneous Drug Release and Photothermal Effect. ACS Biomater Sci Eng 2018; 4:2424-2434. [DOI: 10.1021/acsbiomaterials.8b00379] [Citation(s) in RCA: 65] [Impact Index Per Article: 10.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/07/2023]
Affiliation(s)
- Lixia Yu
- Department of Polymer Science and Engineering, Key Laboratory of Systems Bioengineering (Ministry of Education), School of Chemical Engineering and Technology, Tianjin University, Tianjin 300072, China
| | - Anjie Dong
- Department of Polymer Science and Engineering, Key Laboratory of Systems Bioengineering (Ministry of Education), School of Chemical Engineering and Technology, Tianjin University, Tianjin 300072, China
- Collaborative Innovation Center of Chemical Science and Engineering (Tianjin), Tianjin 300072, China
| | - Ruiwei Guo
- Department of Polymer Science and Engineering, Key Laboratory of Systems Bioengineering (Ministry of Education), School of Chemical Engineering and Technology, Tianjin University, Tianjin 300072, China
| | - Muyang Yang
- Department of Polymer Science and Engineering, Key Laboratory of Systems Bioengineering (Ministry of Education), School of Chemical Engineering and Technology, Tianjin University, Tianjin 300072, China
| | - Liandong Deng
- Department of Polymer Science and Engineering, Key Laboratory of Systems Bioengineering (Ministry of Education), School of Chemical Engineering and Technology, Tianjin University, Tianjin 300072, China
| | - Jianhua Zhang
- Department of Polymer Science and Engineering, Key Laboratory of Systems Bioengineering (Ministry of Education), School of Chemical Engineering and Technology, Tianjin University, Tianjin 300072, China
- Tianjin Key Laboratory of Membrane Science and Desalination Technology, Tianjin University, Tianjin 300072, China
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231
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Cheng K, Ding Y, Zhao Y, Ye S, Zhao X, Zhang Y, Ji T, Wu H, Wang B, Anderson GJ, Ren L, Nie G. Sequentially Responsive Therapeutic Peptide Assembling Nanoparticles for Dual-Targeted Cancer Immunotherapy. NANO LETTERS 2018; 18:3250-3258. [PMID: 29683683 DOI: 10.1021/acs.nanolett.8b01071] [Citation(s) in RCA: 210] [Impact Index Per Article: 35.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/08/2023]
Abstract
Combination therapeutic regimen is becoming a primary direction for current cancer immunotherapy to broad the antitumor response. Functional nanomaterials offer great potential for steady codelivery of various drugs, especially small molecules, therapeutic peptides, and nucleic acids, thereby realizing controllable drug release, increase of drug bioavailability, and reduction of adverse effects. Herein, a therapeutic peptide assembling nanoparticle that can sequentially respond to dual stimuli in the tumor extracellular matrix was designed for tumor-targeted delivery and on-demand release of a short d-peptide antagonist of programmed cell death-ligand 1 (DPPA-1) and an inhibitor of idoleamine 2,3-dioxygenase (NLG919). By concurrent blockade of immune checkpoints and tryptophan metabolism, the nanoformulation increased the level of tumor-infiltrated cytotoxic T cells and in turn effectively inhibited melanoma growth. To achieve this, an amphiphilic peptide, consisting of a functional 3-diethylaminopropyl isothiocyanate (DEAP) molecule, a peptide substrate of matrix metalloproteinase-2 (MMP-2), and DPPA-1, was synthesized and coassembled with NLG919. The nanostructure swelled when it encountered the weakly acidic tumor niche where DEAP molecules were protonated, and further collapsed due to the cleavage of the peptide substrate by MMP-2 that is highly expressed in tumor stroma. The localized release of DPPA-1 and NLG919 created an environment which favored the survival and activation of cytotoxic T lymphocytes, leading to the slowdown of melanoma growth and increase of overall survival. Together, this study offers new opportunities for dual-targeted cancer immunotherapy through functional peptide assembling nanoparticles with design features that are sequentially responsive to the multiple hallmarks of the tumor microenvironment.
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Affiliation(s)
- Keman Cheng
- Department of Biomaterials, Key Laboratory of Biomedical Engineering of Fujian Province, College of Materials , Xiamen University , Xiamen 361005 , China
- CAS Key Laboratory for Biomedical Effects of Nanomaterials & Nanosafety, CAS Center for Excellence in Nanoscience , National Center for Nanoscience and Technology (NCNST) , 11 Beiyitiao , Zhongguancun, Beijing 100190 , China
| | - Yanping Ding
- CAS Key Laboratory for Biomedical Effects of Nanomaterials & Nanosafety, CAS Center for Excellence in Nanoscience , National Center for Nanoscience and Technology (NCNST) , 11 Beiyitiao , Zhongguancun, Beijing 100190 , China
- University of Chinese Academy of Sciences , Beijing 100049 , China
| | - Ying Zhao
- CAS Key Laboratory for Biomedical Effects of Nanomaterials & Nanosafety, CAS Center for Excellence in Nanoscience , National Center for Nanoscience and Technology (NCNST) , 11 Beiyitiao , Zhongguancun, Beijing 100190 , China
- University of Chinese Academy of Sciences , Beijing 100049 , China
| | - Shefang Ye
- Department of Biomaterials, Key Laboratory of Biomedical Engineering of Fujian Province, College of Materials , Xiamen University , Xiamen 361005 , China
| | - Xiao Zhao
- CAS Key Laboratory for Biomedical Effects of Nanomaterials & Nanosafety, CAS Center for Excellence in Nanoscience , National Center for Nanoscience and Technology (NCNST) , 11 Beiyitiao , Zhongguancun, Beijing 100190 , China
| | - Yinlong Zhang
- CAS Key Laboratory for Biomedical Effects of Nanomaterials & Nanosafety, CAS Center for Excellence in Nanoscience , National Center for Nanoscience and Technology (NCNST) , 11 Beiyitiao , Zhongguancun, Beijing 100190 , China
| | - Tianjiao Ji
- CAS Key Laboratory for Biomedical Effects of Nanomaterials & Nanosafety, CAS Center for Excellence in Nanoscience , National Center for Nanoscience and Technology (NCNST) , 11 Beiyitiao , Zhongguancun, Beijing 100190 , China
| | - Huanhuan Wu
- Department of Biomaterials, Key Laboratory of Biomedical Engineering of Fujian Province, College of Materials , Xiamen University , Xiamen 361005 , China
| | - Bin Wang
- CAS Key Laboratory for Biomedical Effects of Nanomaterials & Nanosafety, CAS Center for Excellence in Nanoscience , National Center for Nanoscience and Technology (NCNST) , 11 Beiyitiao , Zhongguancun, Beijing 100190 , China
- University of Chinese Academy of Sciences , Beijing 100049 , China
| | - Gregory J Anderson
- Iron Metabolism Laboratory , QIMR Berghofer Medical Research Institute , Locked Bag 2000, Royal Brisbane Hospital, Brisbane , Queensland 4029 , Australia
| | - Lei Ren
- Department of Biomaterials, Key Laboratory of Biomedical Engineering of Fujian Province, College of Materials , Xiamen University , Xiamen 361005 , China
| | - Guangjun Nie
- CAS Key Laboratory for Biomedical Effects of Nanomaterials & Nanosafety, CAS Center for Excellence in Nanoscience , National Center for Nanoscience and Technology (NCNST) , 11 Beiyitiao , Zhongguancun, Beijing 100190 , China
- University of Chinese Academy of Sciences , Beijing 100049 , China
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Ma J, Deng H, Zhao F, Deng L, Wang W, Dong A, Zhang J. Liposomes-Camouflaged Redox-Responsive Nanogels to Resolve the Dilemma between Extracellular Stability and Intracellular Drug Release. Macromol Biosci 2018; 18:e1800049. [DOI: 10.1002/mabi.201800049] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/03/2018] [Revised: 03/29/2018] [Indexed: 12/17/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Jinfeng Ma
- Department of Polymer Science and Engineering; Key Laboratory of Systems Bioengineering (Ministry of Education); School of Chemical Engineering and Technology; Tianjin University; Tianjin 300072 China
| | - Hongzhang Deng
- Department of Polymer Science and Engineering; Key Laboratory of Systems Bioengineering (Ministry of Education); School of Chemical Engineering and Technology; Tianjin University; Tianjin 300072 China
| | - Fuli Zhao
- Department of Polymer Science and Engineering; Key Laboratory of Systems Bioengineering (Ministry of Education); School of Chemical Engineering and Technology; Tianjin University; Tianjin 300072 China
| | - Liandong Deng
- Department of Polymer Science and Engineering; Key Laboratory of Systems Bioengineering (Ministry of Education); School of Chemical Engineering and Technology; Tianjin University; Tianjin 300072 China
- Collaborative Innovation Center of Chemical Science and Engineering (Tianjin); Tianjin 300072 China
| | - Weiwei Wang
- Institute of Biomedical Engineering; Chinese Academy of Medical Science and Peking Union Medical College; Tianjin 300192 China
| | - Anjie Dong
- Department of Polymer Science and Engineering; Key Laboratory of Systems Bioengineering (Ministry of Education); School of Chemical Engineering and Technology; Tianjin University; Tianjin 300072 China
- Collaborative Innovation Center of Chemical Science and Engineering (Tianjin); Tianjin 300072 China
| | - Jianhua Zhang
- Department of Polymer Science and Engineering; Key Laboratory of Systems Bioengineering (Ministry of Education); School of Chemical Engineering and Technology; Tianjin University; Tianjin 300072 China
- Tianjin Key Laboratory of Membrane Science and Desalination Technology; Tianjin University; Tianjin 300072 China
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233
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Zhang X, Wang C, Wang J, Hu Q, Langworthy B, Ye Y, Sun W, Lin J, Wang T, Fine J, Cheng H, Dotti G, Huang P, Gu Z. PD-1 Blockade Cellular Vesicles for Cancer Immunotherapy. ADVANCED MATERIALS (DEERFIELD BEACH, FLA.) 2018; 30:e1707112. [PMID: 29656492 DOI: 10.1002/adma.201707112] [Citation(s) in RCA: 170] [Impact Index Per Article: 28.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/05/2017] [Revised: 01/20/2018] [Indexed: 05/21/2023]
Abstract
Cancer cells resist to the host immune antitumor response via multiple suppressive mechanisms, including the overexpression of PD-L1 that exhausts antigen-specific CD8+ T cells through PD-1 receptors. Checkpoint blockade antibodies against PD-1 or PD-L1 have shown unprecedented clinical responses. However, limited host response rate underlines the need to develop alternative engineering approaches. Here, engineered cellular nanovesicles (NVs) presenting PD-1 receptors on their membranes, which enhance antitumor responses by disrupting the PD-1/PD-L1 immune inhibitory axis, are reported. PD-1 NVs exhibit a long circulation and can bind to the PD-L1 on melanoma cancer cells. Furthermore, 1-methyl-tryptophan, an inhibitor of indoleamine 2,3-dioxygenase can be loaded into the PD-1 NVs to synergistically disrupt another immune tolerance pathway in the tumor microenvironment. Additionally, PD-1 NVs remarkably increase the density of CD8+ tumor infiltrating lymphocytes in the tumor margin, which directly drive tumor regression.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xudong Zhang
- Joint Department of Biomedical Engineering, University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill and North Carolina State University, Raleigh, NC, 27695, USA
- Guangdong Key Laboratory for Biomedical Measurements and Ultrasound Imaging, School of Biomedical Engineering, Health Science Center, Shenzhen University, Shenzhen, 518060, China
| | - Chao Wang
- Joint Department of Biomedical Engineering, University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill and North Carolina State University, Raleigh, NC, 27695, USA
| | - Jinqiang Wang
- Joint Department of Biomedical Engineering, University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill and North Carolina State University, Raleigh, NC, 27695, USA
| | - Quanyin Hu
- Joint Department of Biomedical Engineering, University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill and North Carolina State University, Raleigh, NC, 27695, USA
| | - Benjamin Langworthy
- Department of Biostatistics, University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill, Chapel Hill, NC, 27599, USA
| | - Yanqi Ye
- Joint Department of Biomedical Engineering, University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill and North Carolina State University, Raleigh, NC, 27695, USA
| | - Wujin Sun
- Joint Department of Biomedical Engineering, University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill and North Carolina State University, Raleigh, NC, 27695, USA
| | - Jing Lin
- Guangdong Key Laboratory for Biomedical Measurements and Ultrasound Imaging, School of Biomedical Engineering, Health Science Center, Shenzhen University, Shenzhen, 518060, China
| | - Tianfu Wang
- Guangdong Key Laboratory for Biomedical Measurements and Ultrasound Imaging, School of Biomedical Engineering, Health Science Center, Shenzhen University, Shenzhen, 518060, China
| | - Jason Fine
- Department of Biostatistics, University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill, Chapel Hill, NC, 27599, USA
| | - Hao Cheng
- Department of Materials Science and Engineering, Drexel University, Philadelphia, PA, 19104, USA
| | - Gianpietro Dotti
- Department of Microbiology and Immunology, School of Medicine, University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill, Chapel Hill, NC, 27599, USA
| | - Peng Huang
- Guangdong Key Laboratory for Biomedical Measurements and Ultrasound Imaging, School of Biomedical Engineering, Health Science Center, Shenzhen University, Shenzhen, 518060, China
| | - Zhen Gu
- Joint Department of Biomedical Engineering, University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill and North Carolina State University, Raleigh, NC, 27695, USA
- Department of Medicine, University of North Carolina School of Medicine, Chapel Hill, NC, 27599, USA
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234
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Peng J, Xiao Y, Li W, Yang Q, Tan L, Jia Y, Qu Y, Qian Z. Photosensitizer Micelles Together with IDO Inhibitor Enhance Cancer Photothermal Therapy and Immunotherapy. ADVANCED SCIENCE (WEINHEIM, BADEN-WURTTEMBERG, GERMANY) 2018; 5:1700891. [PMID: 29876215 PMCID: PMC5979747 DOI: 10.1002/advs.201700891] [Citation(s) in RCA: 221] [Impact Index Per Article: 36.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/18/2017] [Revised: 01/31/2018] [Indexed: 02/05/2023]
Abstract
The therapeutic outcome of photothermal therapy (PTT) remains impeded by the transparent depth of light. Combining PTT with immunotherapy provides strategies to solve this problem. Regulating metabolism-related enzymes is a promising strategy to stimulate immune response. Here, a nanosystem (NLG919/IR780 micelles) with the properties of photothermal conversion and regulation of the tryptophan metabolic pathway is used to suppress the growth of the tumor margin beyond effective PTT and promote tumor PTT and immunotherapy. It is revealed that mild heat treatment promotes the growth of the tumor margin beyond effective PTT for the upregulation of heat shock protein (HSP), indoleamine 2,3-dioxygenase (IDO), and programmed death-ligand 1 (PD-L1). The NLG919/IR780 micelles can effectively inhibit the activity of IDO but do not affect the level of IDO expression. NLG919/IR780 micelles can effectively accumulate in the tumor and can migrate to lymph nodes and the lymphatic system. In vivo antitumor studies reveal that NLG919/IR780 micelles effectively suppress the growth of tumor margin following PTT in primary tumors. NLG919/IR780 micelle-mediated PTT and IDO inhibition further stimulate the activation of T lymphocytes, inhibiting the growth of distal tumors (abscopal effect). The results demonstrate that the NLG919/IR780 micelles combine PTT and immunotherapy and suppress the tumor margin as well as distal tumor growth post photothermal therapy.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jinrong Peng
- State Key Laboratory of Biotherapy and Cancer CenterWest China HospitalSichuan University, and Collaborative Innovation CenterChengdu610041SichuanP. R. China
| | - Yao Xiao
- State Key Laboratory of Biotherapy and Cancer CenterWest China HospitalSichuan University, and Collaborative Innovation CenterChengdu610041SichuanP. R. China
| | - Wenting Li
- Department of PharmacyWest China Second University HospitalNo. 20, People's Southern RoadChengdu610041SichuanP. R. China
| | - Qian Yang
- School of PharmacyChengdu Medical CollegeNo. 783, Xindu Avenue, Xindu DistrictChengdu610500SichuanP. R. China
| | - Liwei Tan
- Department of PharmacyWest China Second University HospitalNo. 20, People's Southern RoadChengdu610041SichuanP. R. China
| | - Yanpeng Jia
- State Key Laboratory of Biotherapy and Cancer CenterWest China HospitalSichuan University, and Collaborative Innovation CenterChengdu610041SichuanP. R. China
| | - Ying Qu
- State Key Laboratory of Biotherapy and Cancer CenterWest China HospitalSichuan University, and Collaborative Innovation CenterChengdu610041SichuanP. R. China
| | - Zhiyong Qian
- State Key Laboratory of Biotherapy and Cancer CenterWest China HospitalSichuan University, and Collaborative Innovation CenterChengdu610041SichuanP. R. China
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235
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Lv Q, He C, Quan F, Yu S, Chen X. DOX/IL-2/IFN-γ co-loaded thermo-sensitive polypeptide hydrogel for efficient melanoma treatment. Bioact Mater 2018; 3:118-128. [PMID: 29744449 PMCID: PMC5935762 DOI: 10.1016/j.bioactmat.2017.08.003] [Citation(s) in RCA: 67] [Impact Index Per Article: 11.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/28/2017] [Revised: 08/17/2017] [Accepted: 08/25/2017] [Indexed: 01/04/2023] Open
Abstract
Melanoma has been a serious threat to the human health; however, effective therapeutic methods of this cancer are still limited. Combined local therapy is a crucial approach for achieving a superior anti-tumor efficacy. In this paper, a chemo-immunotherapy system of DOX, IL-2 and IFN-γ based on poly(γ-ethyl-L-glutamate)-poly(ethylene glycol)-poly(γ-ethyl-L-glutamate) (PELG-PEG-PELG) hydrogel was developed for local treatment of melanoma xenograft. The drug release process of this system exhibited a short term of burst release (the first 3 days), followed by a long-term sustained release (the following 26 days). The hydrogel degraded completely within 3 weeks without obvious inflammatory responses in the subcutaneous layer of rats, showing a good biodegradability and biocompatibility. The DOX/IL-2/IFN-γ co-loaded hydrogel also showed enhanced anti-tumor effect against B16F10 cells in vitro, through increasing the ratio of cell apoptosis and G2/S phage cycle arrest. Moreover, the combined strategy presented improved therapy efficacy against B16F10 melanoma xenograft without obvious systemic side effects in a nude mice model, which was likely related to both the enhanced tumor cell apoptosis and the increased proliferation of the CD3+/CD4+ T-lymphocytes and CD3+/CD8+ T-lymphocytes. Overall, the strategy of localized co-delivery of DOX/IL-2/IFN-γ using the polypeptide hydrogel provided a promising approach for efficient melanoma therapy. A chemo-immunotherapy combined system based on polypeptide hydrogel was developed for the local therapy of melanoma. The combined strategy presented enhanced anti-tumor effect on B16F10 cells in vitro through different mechanisms. The combined treatment showed improved efficacy against B16F10 melanoma xenograft with less systemic toxicity in vivo.
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Affiliation(s)
- Qiang Lv
- Institute of Translational Medicine, The First Hospital of Jilin University, Changchun, 130021, China
- Key Laboratory of Polymer Ecomaterials, Changchun Institute of Applied Chemistry, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Changchun, 130022, China
| | - Chaoliang He
- Key Laboratory of Polymer Ecomaterials, Changchun Institute of Applied Chemistry, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Changchun, 130022, China
- Corresponding author.
| | - Fenli Quan
- Key Laboratory of Polymer Ecomaterials, Changchun Institute of Applied Chemistry, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Changchun, 130022, China
| | - Shuangjiang Yu
- Key Laboratory of Polymer Ecomaterials, Changchun Institute of Applied Chemistry, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Changchun, 130022, China
| | - Xuesi Chen
- Key Laboratory of Polymer Ecomaterials, Changchun Institute of Applied Chemistry, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Changchun, 130022, China
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236
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Zhang M, Kim JA, Huang AYC. Optimizing Tumor Microenvironment for Cancer Immunotherapy: β-Glucan-Based Nanoparticles. Front Immunol 2018; 9:341. [PMID: 29535722 PMCID: PMC5834761 DOI: 10.3389/fimmu.2018.00341] [Citation(s) in RCA: 66] [Impact Index Per Article: 11.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/15/2017] [Accepted: 02/06/2018] [Indexed: 12/22/2022] Open
Abstract
Immunotherapy is revolutionizing cancer treatment. Recent clinical success with immune checkpoint inhibitors, chimeric antigen receptor T-cell therapy, and adoptive immune cellular therapies has generated excitement and new hopes for patients and investigators. However, clinically efficacious responses to cancer immunotherapy occur only in a minority of patients. One reason is the tumor microenvironment (TME), which potently inhibits the generation and delivery of optimal antitumor immune responses. As our understanding of TME continues to grow, strategies are being developed to change the TME toward one that augments the emergence of strong antitumor immunity. These strategies include eliminating tumor bulk to provoke the release of tumor antigens, using adjuvants to enhance antigen-presenting cell function, and employ agents that enhance immune cell effector activity. This article reviews the development of β-glucan and β-glucan-based nanoparticles as immune modulators of TME, as well as their potential benefit and future therapeutic applications. Cell-wall β-glucans from natural sources including plant, fungi, and bacteria are molecules that adopt pathogen-associated molecular pattern (PAMP) known to target specific receptors on immune cell subsets. Emerging data suggest that the TME can be actively manipulated by β-glucans and their related nanoparticles. In this review, we discuss the mechanisms of conditioning TME using β-glucan and β-glucan-based nanoparticles, and how this strategy enables future design of optimal combination cancer immunotherapies.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mei Zhang
- Department of Biomedical Engineering, Case Western Reserve University, Cleveland, OH, United States
- Case Comprehensive Cancer Center, Cleveland, OH, United States
- Seidman Cancer Center, University Hospitals, Cleveland, OH, United States
| | - Julian A. Kim
- Department of Biomedical Engineering, Case Western Reserve University, Cleveland, OH, United States
- Case Comprehensive Cancer Center, Cleveland, OH, United States
- Seidman Cancer Center, University Hospitals, Cleveland, OH, United States
- Division of Surgical Oncology, Department of Surgery, Case Western Reserve University School of Medicine, Cleveland, OH, United States
| | - Alex Yee-Chen Huang
- Department of Biomedical Engineering, Case Western Reserve University, Cleveland, OH, United States
- Case Comprehensive Cancer Center, Cleveland, OH, United States
- Division of Pediatric Hematology-Oncology, Department of Pediatrics, Case Western Reserve University School of Medicine, Cleveland, OH, United States
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237
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Du S, Li J, Du C, Huang Z, Chen G, Yan W. Overendocytosis of superparamagnetic iron oxide particles increases apoptosis and triggers autophagic cell death in human osteosarcoma cell under a spinning magnetic field. Oncotarget 2018; 8:9410-9424. [PMID: 28031531 PMCID: PMC5354741 DOI: 10.18632/oncotarget.14114] [Citation(s) in RCA: 27] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/01/2016] [Accepted: 12/12/2016] [Indexed: 12/17/2022] Open
Abstract
The toxicity of superparamagnetic iron oxide nanoparticles (SPIONs) is still a vital topic of debate and the mechanisms remain unclear. In the present study, overdose SPIONs could induce osteosarcoma cell death and the effects were exaggerated when combined with spinning magnetic field (SMF). In the combination group, mitochondrial transmembrane potential decrease more obviously and reactive oxygen species (ROS) was found to generate much higher in line with that of the apoptosis ratio. Meantime, amount of autophagy was induced. Inhibiting the autophagy generation by 3-methyladenine (3-MA) increase cell viability but decrease the caspase 3/7 and caspase 8 activities in combination groups, and inhibiting apoptosis took the same effect. In the end, the SPIONs effects on xenograft mice was examed by intratumoral injection. The result showed that the combination group could greatly decrease the tumor volume and prolong the lifespan of mice. In sum, the result indicated that overdose SPIONs induced ROS generation, and excessive ROS induced by combination of SPIONs and SMF contribute to autophagy formation, which play a apoptosis-promoting role that formed as a platform to recruits initiate the caspase activities.
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Affiliation(s)
- Shaohua Du
- Department of Orthopedic Surgery, The Second Affiliated Hospital, School of Medicine, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, 310008, China
| | - Jingxiong Li
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Third Affiliated Hospital of Guangzhou Medical University, Guangzhou, 510150, China
| | - Chonghua Du
- School of Economics, Dongbei University of Finance and Economics, Dalian, 116025, China
| | - Zhongming Huang
- Department of Orthopaedic Surgery, Xiaoshan Chinese Medical Hospital, Hangzhou, 311201, China
| | - Guangnan Chen
- Department of Orthopedic Surgery, The Second Affiliated Hospital, School of Medicine, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, 310008, China
| | - Weiqi Yan
- Department of Orthopedic Surgery, The Second Affiliated Hospital, School of Medicine, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, 310008, China
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238
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Xie YQ, Wei L, Tang L. Immunoengineering with biomaterials for enhanced cancer immunotherapy. WILEY INTERDISCIPLINARY REVIEWS-NANOMEDICINE AND NANOBIOTECHNOLOGY 2018; 10:e1506. [PMID: 29333729 DOI: 10.1002/wnan.1506] [Citation(s) in RCA: 21] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/24/2017] [Revised: 11/07/2017] [Accepted: 11/22/2017] [Indexed: 12/17/2022]
Abstract
Cancer immunotherapy has recently shown dramatic clinical success inducing durable response in patients of a wide variety of malignancies. Further improvement of the clinical outcome with immune related cancer treatment requests more exquisite manipulation of a patient's immune system with increased immunity against diseases while mitigating the toxicities. To meet this challenge, biomaterials applied to immunoengineering are being developed to achieve tissue- and/or cell-specific immunomodulation and thus could potentially enhance both the efficacy and safety of current cancer immunotherapies. Here, we review the recent advancement in the field of immunoengineering using biomaterials and their applications in promoting different modalities of cancer immunotherapies, with focus on cell-, antibody-, immunomodulator-, and gene-based immune related treatments and their combinations with conventional therapies. Challenges and opportunities are discussed in applying biomaterials engineering strategies in the development of future cancer immunotherapies. This article is categorized under: Therapeutic Approaches and Drug Discovery > Nanomedicine for Oncologic Disease Therapeutic Approaches and Drug Discovery > Emerging Technologies Implantable Materials and Surgical Technologies > Nanomaterials and Implants.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yu-Qing Xie
- Institute of Bioengineering, École polytechnique fédérale de Lausanne (EPFL), Lausanne, Switzerland
| | - Lixia Wei
- Institute of Materials Science & Engineering, École polytechnique fédérale de Lausanne (EPFL), Lausanne, Switzerland
| | - Li Tang
- Institute of Bioengineering, École polytechnique fédérale de Lausanne (EPFL), Lausanne, Switzerland.,Institute of Materials Science & Engineering, École polytechnique fédérale de Lausanne (EPFL), Lausanne, Switzerland
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239
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Homyak CC, Fernandez A, Touve MA, Zhao B, Anson F, Hardy JA, Vachet RW, Gianneschi NC, Ross JL, Thayumanavan S. Lipogels for Encapsulation of Hydrophilic Proteins and Hydrophobic Small Molecules. Biomacromolecules 2018; 19:132-140. [PMID: 29141403 PMCID: PMC6326177 DOI: 10.1021/acs.biomac.7b01300] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/04/2023]
Abstract
Lipid-polymer hybrid materials have the potential to exhibit enhanced stability and loading capabilities in comparison to parent liposome or polymer materials. However, complexities lie in formulating and characterizing such complex nanomaterials. Here we describe a lipid-coated polymer gel (lipogel) formulated using a single-pot methodology, where self-assembling liposomes template a UV-curable polymer gel core. Using fluorescently labeled lipids, protein, and hydrophobic molecules, we characterized their formation, purification, stability, and encapsulation efficiency via common instrumentation methods such as dynamic light scattering (DLS), matrix-assisted laser desorption ionization-mass spectrometry (MALDI-MS), UV-vis spectroscopy, fluorescence spectroscopy, and single-particle total internal reflection fluorescence (TIRF) microscopy. In addition, we confirmed that these dual-guest-loaded lipogels are stable in solution for several months. The simplicity of this complete aqueous formation and noncovalent dual-guest encapsulation holds potential as a tunable nanomaterial scaffold.
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Affiliation(s)
- Celia C. Homyak
- Department of Chemistry, Institute for Applied Life Sciences University of Massachusetts, Amherst, MA 01003
| | - Ann Fernandez
- Department of Chemistry, Institute for Applied Life Sciences University of Massachusetts, Amherst, MA 01003
| | - Mollie A. Touve
- Department of Chemistry, Northwestern University, Evanston, IL 60208
| | - Bo Zhao
- Department of Chemistry, Institute for Applied Life Sciences University of Massachusetts, Amherst, MA 01003
| | - Francesca Anson
- Department of Chemistry, Institute for Applied Life Sciences University of Massachusetts, Amherst, MA 01003
| | - Jeanne A. Hardy
- Department of Chemistry, Institute for Applied Life Sciences University of Massachusetts, Amherst, MA 01003
- Molecular and Cellular Biology Graduate Program, Institute for Applied Life Sciences University of Massachusetts, Amherst, MA 01003
- Center for Bioactive Delivery, Institute for Applied Life Sciences University of Massachusetts, Amherst, MA 01003
| | - Richard W. Vachet
- Department of Chemistry, Institute for Applied Life Sciences University of Massachusetts, Amherst, MA 01003
- Molecular and Cellular Biology Graduate Program, Institute for Applied Life Sciences University of Massachusetts, Amherst, MA 01003
- Center for Bioactive Delivery, Institute for Applied Life Sciences University of Massachusetts, Amherst, MA 01003
| | - Nathan C. Gianneschi
- Department of Chemistry, Northwestern University, Evanston, IL 60208
- Department of Chemistry and Biochemistry, University of California, San Diego, La Jolla, CA 92093
| | - Jennifer L. Ross
- Molecular and Cellular Biology Graduate Program, Institute for Applied Life Sciences University of Massachusetts, Amherst, MA 01003
- Center for Bioactive Delivery, Institute for Applied Life Sciences University of Massachusetts, Amherst, MA 01003
- Department of Physics, Institute for Applied Life Sciences University of Massachusetts, Amherst, MA 01003
| | - S. Thayumanavan
- Department of Chemistry, Institute for Applied Life Sciences University of Massachusetts, Amherst, MA 01003
- Molecular and Cellular Biology Graduate Program, Institute for Applied Life Sciences University of Massachusetts, Amherst, MA 01003
- Center for Bioactive Delivery, Institute for Applied Life Sciences University of Massachusetts, Amherst, MA 01003
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240
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Wu D, Li Y, Yang J, Shen J, Zhou J, Hu Q, Yu G, Tang G, Chen X. Supramolecular Nanomedicine Constructed from Cucurbit[8]uril-Based Amphiphilic Brush Copolymer for Cancer Therapy. ACS APPLIED MATERIALS & INTERFACES 2017; 9:44392-44401. [PMID: 29205029 DOI: 10.1021/acsami.7b16734] [Citation(s) in RCA: 52] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/07/2023]
Abstract
An amphiphilic supramolecular brush copolymer CB[8]⊃(PEG-Np·PTPE) was constructed on the basis of a novel host-guest molecular recognition model formed by cucurbit[8]uril (CB[8]), 4,4'-bipyridinium derivative, and PEGylated naphthol (PEG-Np). In aqueous solution, the resultant supramolecular brush copolymer self-assembled into supramolecular nanoparticles (SNPs), by which the anticancer drug doxorubicin (DOX) was encapsulated in the hydrophobic core, establishing an artful Förster resonance energy transfer system with dual fluorescence quenched. With the help of intracellular reducing agents and low pH environment, the SNPs disassembled and the loaded drug molecules were released, realizing in situ visualization of the drug release via the location and magnitude of the energy transfer-dependent fluorescence variation. The cytotoxicity evaluation indicated DOX-loaded SNPs effectively inhibited cell proliferation against HeLa cells. Animal experiments demonstrated that these DOX-loaded SNPs highly accumulated in tumor tissues through the enhanced permeability and retention effect and also had a long blood circulation time. These multifunctional supramolecular nanoparticles possessing self-imaging and controllable drug release ability exhibited great potential in cancer therapy.
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Affiliation(s)
| | | | | | - Jie Shen
- School of Medicine, Zhejiang University City College , Hangzhou 310015, P. R. China
| | | | - Qinglian Hu
- College of Biotechnology and Bioengineering, Zhejiang University of Technology , Hangzhou 310014, P. R. China
| | - Guocan Yu
- Laboratory of Molecular Imaging and Nanomedicine, National Institute of Biomedical Imaging and Bioengineering, National Institutes of Health , Bethesda, Maryland 20892, United States
| | | | - Xiaoyuan Chen
- Laboratory of Molecular Imaging and Nanomedicine, National Institute of Biomedical Imaging and Bioengineering, National Institutes of Health , Bethesda, Maryland 20892, United States
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Date T, Nimbalkar V, Kamat J, Mittal A, Mahato RI, Chitkara D. Lipid-polymer hybrid nanocarriers for delivering cancer therapeutics. J Control Release 2017; 271:60-73. [PMID: 29273320 DOI: 10.1016/j.jconrel.2017.12.016] [Citation(s) in RCA: 89] [Impact Index Per Article: 12.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/07/2017] [Revised: 12/15/2017] [Accepted: 12/17/2017] [Indexed: 01/11/2023]
Abstract
Cancer remained a major cause of death providing diversified challenges in terms of treatment including non-specific toxicity, chemoresistance and relapse. Nanotechnology- based delivery systems grabbed tremendous attention for delivering cancer therapeutics as they provide benefits including controlled drug release, improved biological half-life, reduced toxicity and targeted delivery. Majority of the nanocarriers consists of either a polymer or a lipid component along with other excipients to stabilize the colloidal system. Lipid-based systems provide advantages like better entrapment efficiency, scalability and low- cost raw materials, however, suffer from limitations including instability, a burst release of the drug, and limited surface functionalization. On the other hand, polymeric systems provide an excellent diversity of chemical modifications, stability, controlled release, however limited drug loading capacities and scale up limit their use. Hybrid nanocarriers consisting of lipid and polymer were able to overcome some of these disadvantages while retaining the advantages of both the systems. Designing a stable lipid-polymer hybrid system requires a thorough understanding of the material properties and their behavior in in vitro and in vivo environments. This review highlights the current status and future prospects of lipid-polymer hybrid systems with a particular focus on cancer nanotherapeutics.
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Affiliation(s)
- Tushar Date
- Department of Pharmacy, Birla Institute of Technology and Science-Pilani (BITS), Pilani Campus, Vidya Vihar, Pilani 333031, Rajasthan, India
| | - Vaishnavi Nimbalkar
- Department of Pharmacy, Birla Institute of Technology and Science-Pilani (BITS), Pilani Campus, Vidya Vihar, Pilani 333031, Rajasthan, India
| | - Jyostna Kamat
- Department of Pharmacy, Birla Institute of Technology and Science-Pilani (BITS), Pilani Campus, Vidya Vihar, Pilani 333031, Rajasthan, India
| | - Anupama Mittal
- Department of Pharmacy, Birla Institute of Technology and Science-Pilani (BITS), Pilani Campus, Vidya Vihar, Pilani 333031, Rajasthan, India
| | - Ram I Mahato
- Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences, College of Pharmacy, University of Nebraska Medical Center, 986125 Nebraska Medical Center, Omaha, NE 68198-6125, United States
| | - Deepak Chitkara
- Department of Pharmacy, Birla Institute of Technology and Science-Pilani (BITS), Pilani Campus, Vidya Vihar, Pilani 333031, Rajasthan, India.
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Sadozai H, Gruber T, Hunger RE, Schenk M. Recent Successes and Future Directions in Immunotherapy of Cutaneous Melanoma. Front Immunol 2017; 8:1617. [PMID: 29276510 PMCID: PMC5727014 DOI: 10.3389/fimmu.2017.01617] [Citation(s) in RCA: 34] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/09/2017] [Accepted: 11/08/2017] [Indexed: 12/14/2022] Open
Abstract
The global health burden associated with melanoma continues to increase while treatment options for metastatic melanoma are limited. Nevertheless, in the past decade, the field of cancer immunotherapy has witnessed remarkable advances for the treatment of a number of malignancies including metastatic melanoma. Although the earliest observations of an immunological antitumor response were made nearly a century ago, it was only in the past 30 years, that immunotherapy emerged as a viable therapeutic option, in particular for cutaneous melanoma. As such, melanoma remains the focus of various preclinical and clinical studies to understand the immunobiology of cancer and to test various tumor immunotherapies. Here, we review key recent developments in the field of immune-mediated therapy of melanoma. Our primary focus is on therapies that have received regulatory approval. Thus, a brief overview of the pathophysiology of melanoma is provided. The purported functions of various tumor-infiltrating immune cell subsets are described, in particular the recently described roles of intratumoral dendritic cells. The section on immunotherapies focuses on strategies that have proved to be the most clinically successful such as immune checkpoint blockade. Prospects for novel therapeutics and the potential for combinatorial approaches are delineated. Finally, we briefly discuss nanotechnology-based platforms which can in theory, activate multiple arms of immune system to fight cancer. The promising advances in the field of immunotherapy signal the dawn of a new era in cancer treatment and warrant further investigation to understand the opportunities and barriers for future progress.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hassan Sadozai
- Institute of Pathology, Experimental Pathology, University of Bern, Bern, Switzerland
| | - Thomas Gruber
- Institute of Pathology, Experimental Pathology, University of Bern, Bern, Switzerland
| | | | - Mirjam Schenk
- Institute of Pathology, Experimental Pathology, University of Bern, Bern, Switzerland
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243
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Gammon JM, Dold NM, Jewell CM. Improving the clinical impact of biomaterials in cancer immunotherapy. Oncotarget 2017; 7:15421-43. [PMID: 26871948 PMCID: PMC4941251 DOI: 10.18632/oncotarget.7304] [Citation(s) in RCA: 45] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/23/2015] [Accepted: 01/29/2016] [Indexed: 12/20/2022] Open
Abstract
Immunotherapies for cancer have progressed enormously over the past few decades, and hold great promise for the future. The successes of these therapies, with some patients showing durable and complete remission, demonstrate the power of harnessing the immune system to eradicate tumors. However, the effectiveness of current immunotherapies is limited by hurdles ranging from immunosuppressive strategies employed by tumors, to inadequate specificity of existing therapies, to heterogeneity of disease. Further, the vast majority of approved immunotherapies employ systemic delivery of immunomodulators or cells that make addressing some of these challenges more difficult. Natural and synthetic biomaterials–such as biocompatible polymers, self-assembled lipid particles, and implantable biodegradable devices–offer unique potential to address these hurdles by harnessing the benefits of therapeutic targeting, tissue engineering, co-delivery, controlled release, and sensing. However, despite the enormous investment in new materials and nanotechnology, translation of these ideas to the clinic is still an uncommon outcome. Here we review the major challenges facing immunotherapies and discuss how the newest biomaterials and nanotechnologies could help overcome these challenges to create new clinical options for patients.
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Affiliation(s)
- Joshua M Gammon
- Fischell Department of Bioengineering, University of Maryland, College Park, MD, USA
| | - Neil M Dold
- Fischell Department of Bioengineering, University of Maryland, College Park, MD, USA
| | - Christopher M Jewell
- Fischell Department of Bioengineering, University of Maryland, College Park, MD, USA.,Department of Microbiology and Immunology, University of Maryland Medical School, Baltimore, MD, USA.,Marlene and Stewart Greenebaum Cancer Center, Baltimore, MD, USA
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244
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Li X, Shenashen MA, Wang X, Ito A, Taniguchi A, Ei-Safty SA. Hierarchically porous, and Cu- and Zn-containing γ-AlOOH mesostrands as adjuvants for cancer immunotherapy. Sci Rep 2017; 7:16749. [PMID: 29196724 PMCID: PMC5711866 DOI: 10.1038/s41598-017-12446-9] [Citation(s) in RCA: 25] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/04/2017] [Accepted: 09/08/2017] [Indexed: 02/08/2023] Open
Abstract
Alum is the only licensed adjuvant by Food and Drug Administration of USA used in many human vaccines and has excellent safety record in clinical applications. However, alum hardly induces T helper 1 (Th1) immune responses that are required for anti-tumor immunity. In the present study, we fabricated hierarchical copper- and zinc- buds dressing γ-AlOOH mesostrands (Cu- and Zn-AMSs) with randomly wrinkled morphology, mesoscale void- or cave-like pockets, high-exposed surface coverage sites, and positive charge streams in saline. We confirmed that Cu- and Zn-AMSs promoted intracellular uptake of model cancer antigen (ovalbumin, OVA) by THP-1-differentiated macrophage-like cells in vitro. Moreover, Cu- and Zn-AMSs enhanced maturation and cytokine release of bone marrow dendritic cells in vitro. In vivo study demonstrated that Cu- and Zn-AMSs markedly induced anti-tumor-immunity and enhanced CD4+ and CD8+ T cell populations in splenocytes of mice. These findings demonstrated that hierarchical copper- and zinc- buds dressing γ-AlOOH mesostrands, which are oriented in randomly wrinkled matrice, are suitable platforms as novel adjuvants for cancer immunotherapy.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xia Li
- Green Recycling Process Group, Research Center for Functional Materials, National Institute for Materials Science, 1-2-1 Sengen, Tuskuba, Ibaraki, 305-0047, Japan.
| | - Mohamed A Shenashen
- Green Recycling Process Group, Research Center for Functional Materials, National Institute for Materials Science, 1-2-1 Sengen, Tuskuba, Ibaraki, 305-0047, Japan
| | - Xiupeng Wang
- Human Technology Research Institute, National Institute of Advanced Industrial Science and Technology (AIST), Central 6, 1-1-1 Higashi, Tsukuba, Ibaraki, 305-8566, Japan
| | - Atsuo Ito
- Human Technology Research Institute, National Institute of Advanced Industrial Science and Technology (AIST), Central 6, 1-1-1 Higashi, Tsukuba, Ibaraki, 305-8566, Japan
| | - Akiyoshi Taniguchi
- Cellular Functional Nanomaterials Group, Research Center for Functional Materials, National Institute for Materials Science, 1-1 Namiki, Tsukuba, Ibaraki, 305-0044, Japan
| | - Sherif A Ei-Safty
- Green Recycling Process Group, Research Center for Functional Materials, National Institute for Materials Science, 1-2-1 Sengen, Tuskuba, Ibaraki, 305-0047, Japan. .,Faculty of Engineering and Advanced Manufacturing, University of Sunderland, St Peter's Campus, St Peter's Way, Sunderland, SR6 0DD, UK.
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245
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Zhao Y, Song Q, Yin Y, Wu T, Hu X, Gao X, Li G, Tan S, Zhang Z. Immunochemotherapy mediated by thermosponge nanoparticles for synergistic anti-tumor effects. J Control Release 2017; 269:322-336. [PMID: 29174440 DOI: 10.1016/j.jconrel.2017.11.037] [Citation(s) in RCA: 41] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/05/2017] [Revised: 11/09/2017] [Accepted: 11/21/2017] [Indexed: 01/10/2023]
Abstract
The efficacy of immunotherapy was demonstrated to be compromised by reduced immunogenicity of tumor cells and enhanced suppressive properties of the tumor microenvironment in cancer treatment. There is growing evidence that low-dose chemotherapy can modulate the immune system to improve the anti-tumor effects of immunotherapy through multiple mechanisms, including the enhancement of tumor immunogenicity and reversal of the immunosuppressive tumor microenvironment. Here, we fabricated thermosponge nanoparticles (TSNs) for the co-delivery of chemotherapeutic drug paclitaxel (PTX) and immunostimulant interleukin-2 (IL-2) to explore the synergistic anti-tumor effects of chemotherapy and immunotherapy. The distinct temperature-responsive swelling/deswelling character facilitated the effective post-entrapment of cytokine IL-2 in nanoparticles by a facile non-solvent mild incubation method with unaffected bioactivity and favorable pharmacokinetics. PTX and IL-2 co-loaded TSNs exhibited significant inhibition on tumor growth and metastasis, and prolonged overall survival for tumor-bearing mice compared with the corresponding monotherapies. The synergistic effect was evidenced from the remodeled tumor microenvironment in which low-dose chemotherapeutics disrupted the immunosuppressive tumor microenvironment and enhanced tumor immunogenicity, and immunostimulant cytokine promoted the anti-tumor immune response of immune effector cells. The immunochemotherapy mediated by this thermosponge nanoplatform may provide a promising treatment strategy against cancer.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yongdan Zhao
- Tongji School of Pharmacy, China; Shanxi Medical University, China
| | | | | | | | | | | | - Gao Li
- Tongji School of Pharmacy, China
| | | | - Zhiping Zhang
- Tongji School of Pharmacy, China; National Engineering Research Center for Nanomedicine, China; Hubei Engineering Research Center for Novel Drug Delivery System, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan 430030, China.
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246
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Huang G, Li F, Zhao X, Ma Y, Li Y, Lin M, Jin G, Lu TJ, Genin GM, Xu F. Functional and Biomimetic Materials for Engineering of the Three-Dimensional Cell Microenvironment. Chem Rev 2017; 117:12764-12850. [PMID: 28991456 PMCID: PMC6494624 DOI: 10.1021/acs.chemrev.7b00094] [Citation(s) in RCA: 457] [Impact Index Per Article: 65.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/06/2023]
Abstract
The cell microenvironment has emerged as a key determinant of cell behavior and function in development, physiology, and pathophysiology. The extracellular matrix (ECM) within the cell microenvironment serves not only as a structural foundation for cells but also as a source of three-dimensional (3D) biochemical and biophysical cues that trigger and regulate cell behaviors. Increasing evidence suggests that the 3D character of the microenvironment is required for development of many critical cell responses observed in vivo, fueling a surge in the development of functional and biomimetic materials for engineering the 3D cell microenvironment. Progress in the design of such materials has improved control of cell behaviors in 3D and advanced the fields of tissue regeneration, in vitro tissue models, large-scale cell differentiation, immunotherapy, and gene therapy. However, the field is still in its infancy, and discoveries about the nature of cell-microenvironment interactions continue to overturn much early progress in the field. Key challenges continue to be dissecting the roles of chemistry, structure, mechanics, and electrophysiology in the cell microenvironment, and understanding and harnessing the roles of periodicity and drift in these factors. This review encapsulates where recent advances appear to leave the ever-shifting state of the art, and it highlights areas in which substantial potential and uncertainty remain.
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Affiliation(s)
- Guoyou Huang
- MOE Key Laboratory of Biomedical Information
Engineering, School of Life Science and Technology, Xi’an Jiaotong
University, Xi’an 710049, People’s Republic of China
- Bioinspired Engineering and Biomechanics Center
(BEBC), Xi’an Jiaotong University, Xi’an 710049, People’s
Republic of China
| | - Fei Li
- Bioinspired Engineering and Biomechanics Center
(BEBC), Xi’an Jiaotong University, Xi’an 710049, People’s
Republic of China
- Department of Chemistry, School of Science,
Xi’an Jiaotong University, Xi’an 710049, People’s Republic
of China
| | - Xin Zhao
- Bioinspired Engineering and Biomechanics Center
(BEBC), Xi’an Jiaotong University, Xi’an 710049, People’s
Republic of China
- Interdisciplinary Division of Biomedical
Engineering, The Hong Kong Polytechnic University, Hung Hom, Hong Kong,
People’s Republic of China
| | - Yufei Ma
- MOE Key Laboratory of Biomedical Information
Engineering, School of Life Science and Technology, Xi’an Jiaotong
University, Xi’an 710049, People’s Republic of China
- Bioinspired Engineering and Biomechanics Center
(BEBC), Xi’an Jiaotong University, Xi’an 710049, People’s
Republic of China
| | - Yuhui Li
- MOE Key Laboratory of Biomedical Information
Engineering, School of Life Science and Technology, Xi’an Jiaotong
University, Xi’an 710049, People’s Republic of China
- Bioinspired Engineering and Biomechanics Center
(BEBC), Xi’an Jiaotong University, Xi’an 710049, People’s
Republic of China
| | - Min Lin
- MOE Key Laboratory of Biomedical Information
Engineering, School of Life Science and Technology, Xi’an Jiaotong
University, Xi’an 710049, People’s Republic of China
- Bioinspired Engineering and Biomechanics Center
(BEBC), Xi’an Jiaotong University, Xi’an 710049, People’s
Republic of China
| | - Guorui Jin
- MOE Key Laboratory of Biomedical Information
Engineering, School of Life Science and Technology, Xi’an Jiaotong
University, Xi’an 710049, People’s Republic of China
- Bioinspired Engineering and Biomechanics Center
(BEBC), Xi’an Jiaotong University, Xi’an 710049, People’s
Republic of China
| | - Tian Jian Lu
- Bioinspired Engineering and Biomechanics Center
(BEBC), Xi’an Jiaotong University, Xi’an 710049, People’s
Republic of China
- MOE Key Laboratory for Multifunctional Materials
and Structures, Xi’an Jiaotong University, Xi’an 710049,
People’s Republic of China
| | - Guy M. Genin
- MOE Key Laboratory of Biomedical Information
Engineering, School of Life Science and Technology, Xi’an Jiaotong
University, Xi’an 710049, People’s Republic of China
- Bioinspired Engineering and Biomechanics Center
(BEBC), Xi’an Jiaotong University, Xi’an 710049, People’s
Republic of China
- Department of Mechanical Engineering &
Materials Science, Washington University in St. Louis, St. Louis 63130, MO,
USA
- NSF Science and Technology Center for
Engineering MechanoBiology, Washington University in St. Louis, St. Louis 63130,
MO, USA
| | - Feng Xu
- MOE Key Laboratory of Biomedical Information
Engineering, School of Life Science and Technology, Xi’an Jiaotong
University, Xi’an 710049, People’s Republic of China
- Bioinspired Engineering and Biomechanics Center
(BEBC), Xi’an Jiaotong University, Xi’an 710049, People’s
Republic of China
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247
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Björnmalm M, Thurecht KJ, Michael M, Scott AM, Caruso F. Bridging Bio-Nano Science and Cancer Nanomedicine. ACS NANO 2017; 11:9594-9613. [PMID: 28926225 DOI: 10.1021/acsnano.7b04855] [Citation(s) in RCA: 237] [Impact Index Per Article: 33.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/21/2023]
Abstract
The interface of bio-nano science and cancer medicine is an area experiencing much progress but also beset with controversy. Core concepts of the field-e.g., the enhanced permeability and retention (EPR) effect, tumor targeting and accumulation, and even the purpose of "nano" in cancer medicine-are hotly debated. In parallel, considerable advances in neighboring fields are occurring rapidly, including the recent progress of "immuno-oncology" and the fundamental impact it is having on our understanding and the clinical treatment of the group of diseases collectively known as cancer. Herein, we (i) revisit how cancer is commonly treated in the clinic and how this relates to nanomedicine; (ii) examine the ongoing debate on the relevance of the EPR effect and tumor targeting; (iii) highlight ways to improve the next-generation of nanomedicines; and (iv) discuss the emerging concept of working with (and not against) biology. While discussing these controversies, challenges, emerging concepts, and opportunities, we explore new directions for the field of cancer nanomedicine.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mattias Björnmalm
- ARC Centre of Excellence in Convergent Bio-Nano Science and Technology, and the Department of Chemical and Biomolecular Engineering, The University of Melbourne , Parkville, Victoria 3010, Australia
| | - Kristofer J Thurecht
- ARC Centre of Excellence in Convergent Bio-Nano Science and Technology, The Australian Institute for Bioengineering and Nanotechnology and The Centre for Advanced Imaging, The University of Queensland , Brisbane, Queensland 4072, Australia
| | - Michael Michael
- Division of Cancer Medicine, Peter MacCallum Cancer Centre , Melbourne, Victoria 3000, Australia
- The Peter MacCallum Department of Oncology, The University of Melbourne , Parkville, Victoria 3010, Australia
| | - Andrew M Scott
- Olivia Newton-John Cancer Research Institute, and School of Cancer Medicine, La Trobe University , Melbourne, Victoria 3084, Australia
- Department of Molecular Imaging and Therapy, Austin Hospital , Heidelberg, Victoria 3084, Australia
| | - Frank Caruso
- ARC Centre of Excellence in Convergent Bio-Nano Science and Technology, and the Department of Chemical and Biomolecular Engineering, The University of Melbourne , Parkville, Victoria 3010, Australia
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248
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Song Q, Yin Y, Shang L, Wu T, Zhang D, Kong M, Zhao Y, He Y, Tan S, Guo Y, Zhang Z. Tumor Microenvironment Responsive Nanogel for the Combinatorial Antitumor Effect of Chemotherapy and Immunotherapy. NANO LETTERS 2017; 17:6366-6375. [PMID: 28858519 DOI: 10.1021/acs.nanolett.7b03186] [Citation(s) in RCA: 167] [Impact Index Per Article: 23.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/19/2023]
Abstract
A biomimetic nanogel with tumor microenvironment responsive property is developed for the combinatorial antitumor effects of chemotherapy and immunotherapy. Nanogels are formulated with hydroxypropyl-β-cyclodextrin acrylate and two opposite charged chitosan derivatives for entrapping anticancer drug paclitaxel and precisely controlling the pH responsive capability, respectively. The nanogel supported erythrocyte membrane can achieve "nanosponge" property for delivering immunotherapeutic agent interleukin-2 without reducing the bioactivity. By responsively releasing drugs in tumor microenvironment, the nanogels significantly enhanced antitumor activity with improved drug penetration, induction of calreticulin exposure, and increased antitumor immunity. The tumor microenvironment is remodeled by the combination of these drugs in low dosage, as evidenced by the promoted infiltration of immune effector cells and reduction of immunosuppressive factors.
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Affiliation(s)
- Qingle Song
- Tongji School of Pharmacy, ‡Department of Pharmacy, Liyuan Hospital, §National Engineering Research Center for Nanomedicine, ∥Hubei Engineering Research Center for Novel Drug Delivery System, Huazhong University of Science and Technology , Wuhan 430030, China
| | - Yijia Yin
- Tongji School of Pharmacy, ‡Department of Pharmacy, Liyuan Hospital, §National Engineering Research Center for Nanomedicine, ∥Hubei Engineering Research Center for Novel Drug Delivery System, Huazhong University of Science and Technology , Wuhan 430030, China
| | - Lihuan Shang
- Tongji School of Pharmacy, ‡Department of Pharmacy, Liyuan Hospital, §National Engineering Research Center for Nanomedicine, ∥Hubei Engineering Research Center for Novel Drug Delivery System, Huazhong University of Science and Technology , Wuhan 430030, China
| | - Tingting Wu
- Tongji School of Pharmacy, ‡Department of Pharmacy, Liyuan Hospital, §National Engineering Research Center for Nanomedicine, ∥Hubei Engineering Research Center for Novel Drug Delivery System, Huazhong University of Science and Technology , Wuhan 430030, China
| | - Dan Zhang
- Tongji School of Pharmacy, ‡Department of Pharmacy, Liyuan Hospital, §National Engineering Research Center for Nanomedicine, ∥Hubei Engineering Research Center for Novel Drug Delivery System, Huazhong University of Science and Technology , Wuhan 430030, China
| | - Miao Kong
- Tongji School of Pharmacy, ‡Department of Pharmacy, Liyuan Hospital, §National Engineering Research Center for Nanomedicine, ∥Hubei Engineering Research Center for Novel Drug Delivery System, Huazhong University of Science and Technology , Wuhan 430030, China
| | - Yongdan Zhao
- Tongji School of Pharmacy, ‡Department of Pharmacy, Liyuan Hospital, §National Engineering Research Center for Nanomedicine, ∥Hubei Engineering Research Center for Novel Drug Delivery System, Huazhong University of Science and Technology , Wuhan 430030, China
| | - Yangzhou He
- Tongji School of Pharmacy, ‡Department of Pharmacy, Liyuan Hospital, §National Engineering Research Center for Nanomedicine, ∥Hubei Engineering Research Center for Novel Drug Delivery System, Huazhong University of Science and Technology , Wuhan 430030, China
| | - Songwei Tan
- Tongji School of Pharmacy, ‡Department of Pharmacy, Liyuan Hospital, §National Engineering Research Center for Nanomedicine, ∥Hubei Engineering Research Center for Novel Drug Delivery System, Huazhong University of Science and Technology , Wuhan 430030, China
| | - Yuanyuan Guo
- Tongji School of Pharmacy, ‡Department of Pharmacy, Liyuan Hospital, §National Engineering Research Center for Nanomedicine, ∥Hubei Engineering Research Center for Novel Drug Delivery System, Huazhong University of Science and Technology , Wuhan 430030, China
| | - Zhiping Zhang
- Tongji School of Pharmacy, ‡Department of Pharmacy, Liyuan Hospital, §National Engineering Research Center for Nanomedicine, ∥Hubei Engineering Research Center for Novel Drug Delivery System, Huazhong University of Science and Technology , Wuhan 430030, China
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249
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Abstract
Transforming growth factor βs (TGF-βs) are closely related ligands that have pleiotropic activity on most cell types of the body. They act through common heterotetrameric TGF-β type II and type I transmembrane dual specificity kinase receptor complexes, and the outcome of signaling is context-dependent. In normal tissue, they serve a role in maintaining homeostasis. In many diseased states, particularly fibrosis and cancer, TGF-β ligands are overexpressed and the outcome of signaling is diverted toward disease progression. There has therefore been a concerted effort to develop drugs that block TGF-β signaling for therapeutic benefit. This review will cover the basics of TGF-β signaling and its biological activities relevant to oncology, present a summary of pharmacological TGF-β blockade strategies, and give an update on preclinical and clinical trials for TGF-β blockade in a variety of solid tumor types.
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Affiliation(s)
- Rosemary J Akhurst
- Department of Anatomy and Helen Diller Family Comprehensive Cancer Center, University of California, San Francisco, San Francisco, California 94158-9001
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250
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Abstract
Transforming growth factor βs (TGF-βs) are closely related ligands that have pleiotropic activity on most cell types of the body. They act through common heterotetrameric TGF-β type II and type I transmembrane dual specificity kinase receptor complexes, and the outcome of signaling is context-dependent. In normal tissue, they serve a role in maintaining homeostasis. In many diseased states, particularly fibrosis and cancer, TGF-β ligands are overexpressed and the outcome of signaling is diverted toward disease progression. There has therefore been a concerted effort to develop drugs that block TGF-β signaling for therapeutic benefit. This review will cover the basics of TGF-β signaling and its biological activities relevant to oncology, present a summary of pharmacological TGF-β blockade strategies, and give an update on preclinical and clinical trials for TGF-β blockade in a variety of solid tumor types.
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Affiliation(s)
- Rosemary J Akhurst
- Department of Anatomy and Helen Diller Family Comprehensive Cancer Center, University of California, San Francisco, San Francisco, California 94158-9001
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