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Potential in vitro and ex vivo targeting of bZIP53 involved in stress response and seed maturation in Arabidopsis thaliana by five designed peptide inhibitors. BIOCHIMICA ET BIOPHYSICA ACTA-PROTEINS AND PROTEOMICS 2018; 1866:1249-1259. [DOI: 10.1016/j.bbapap.2018.09.007] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/27/2018] [Revised: 08/31/2018] [Accepted: 09/25/2018] [Indexed: 11/19/2022]
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202
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Guo P, Farahat AA, Paul A, Harika NK, Boykin DW, Wilson WD. Compound Shape Effects in Minor Groove Binding Affinity and Specificity for Mixed Sequence DNA. J Am Chem Soc 2018; 140:14761-14769. [PMID: 30353731 PMCID: PMC6399738 DOI: 10.1021/jacs.8b08152] [Citation(s) in RCA: 21] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/20/2022]
Abstract
AT specific heterocyclic cations that bind in the DNA duplex minor groove have had major successes as cell and nuclear stains and as therapeutic agents which can effectively enter human cells. Expanding the DNA sequence recognition capability of the minor groove compounds could also expand their therapeutic targets and have an impact in many areas, such as modulation of transcription factor biological activity. Success in the design of mixed sequence binding compounds has been achieved with N-methylbenzimidazole ( N-MeBI) thiophenes which are preorganized to fit the shape of the DNA minor groove and H-bond to the -NH of G·C base pairs that project into the minor groove. Initial compounds bind strongly to a single G·C base pair in an AT context with a specificity ratio of 50 ( KD AT-GC/ KD AT) or less and this is somewhat low for biological use. We felt that modifications of compound shape could be used to probe local DNA microstructure in target mixed base pair sequences of DNA and potentially improve the compound binding selectivity. Modifications were made by increasing the size of the benzimidazole N-substituent, for example, by using N-isobutyl instead of N-Me, and by changing the molecular twist by introducing substitutions at specific positions on the aromatic core of the compounds. In both cases, we have been able to achieve a dramatic increase in binding specificity, including no detectible binding to pure AT sequences, without a significant loss in affinity to mixed base pair target sequences.
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Affiliation(s)
- Pu Guo
- Department of Chemistry and Center for Diagnostics and Therapeutics , Georgia State University , 50 Decatur Street South East , Atlanta , Georgia 30303 , United States
| | - Abdelbasset A Farahat
- Department of Chemistry and Center for Diagnostics and Therapeutics , Georgia State University , 50 Decatur Street South East , Atlanta , Georgia 30303 , United States
- Department of Pharmaceutical Organic Chemistry, Faculty of Pharmacy , Mansoura University , Mansoura 35516 , Egypt
| | - Ananya Paul
- Department of Chemistry and Center for Diagnostics and Therapeutics , Georgia State University , 50 Decatur Street South East , Atlanta , Georgia 30303 , United States
| | - Narinder K Harika
- Department of Chemistry and Center for Diagnostics and Therapeutics , Georgia State University , 50 Decatur Street South East , Atlanta , Georgia 30303 , United States
| | - David W Boykin
- Department of Chemistry and Center for Diagnostics and Therapeutics , Georgia State University , 50 Decatur Street South East , Atlanta , Georgia 30303 , United States
| | - W David Wilson
- Department of Chemistry and Center for Diagnostics and Therapeutics , Georgia State University , 50 Decatur Street South East , Atlanta , Georgia 30303 , United States
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203
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Lathbridge A, Mason JM. Computational Competitive and Negative Design To Derive a Specific cJun Antagonist. Biochemistry 2018; 57:6108-6118. [PMID: 30256622 DOI: 10.1021/acs.biochem.8b00782] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/08/2023]
Abstract
Basic leucine zipper (bZIP) proteins reside at the end of cell-signaling cascades and function to modulate transcription of specific gene targets. bZIPs are recognized as important regulators of cellular processes such as cell growth, apoptosis, and cell differentiation. One such validated transcriptional regulator, activator protein-1, is typically comprised of heterodimers of Jun and Fos family members and is key in the progression and development of a number of different diseases. The best described component, cJun, is upregulated in a variety of diseases such as cancer, osteoporosis, and psoriasis. Toward our goal of inhibiting bZIP proteins implicated in disease pathways, we here describe the first use of a novel in silico peptide library screening platform that facilitates the derivation of sequences exhibiting a high affinity for cJun while disfavoring homodimer formation or formation of heterodimers with other closely related Fos sequences. In particular, using Fos as a template, we have computationally screened a peptide library of more than 60 million members and ranked hypothetical on/off target complexes according to predicted stability. This resulted in the identification of a sequence that bound cJun but displayed little homomeric stability or preference for cFos. The computationally selected sequence maintains an interaction stability similar to that of a previous experimentally derived cJun antagonist while providing much improved specificity. Our study provides new insight into the use of tandem in silico screening/ in vitro validation and the ability to create a peptide that is capable of satisfying conflicting design requirements.
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Affiliation(s)
- Alexander Lathbridge
- Department of Biology & Biochemistry , University of Bath , Claverton Down , Bath BA2 7AY , U.K
| | - Jody M Mason
- Department of Biology & Biochemistry , University of Bath , Claverton Down , Bath BA2 7AY , U.K
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204
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Li B, Chen Y, Wang J, Lu Q, Zhu W, Luo J, Hong J, Zhou X. Detecting transcription factors with allosteric DNA-Silver nanocluster switches. Anal Chim Acta 2018; 1048:168-177. [PMID: 30598147 DOI: 10.1016/j.aca.2018.10.023] [Citation(s) in RCA: 25] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/04/2018] [Revised: 09/29/2018] [Accepted: 10/09/2018] [Indexed: 01/08/2023]
Abstract
Sensitive and efficient detection of protein markers, such as transcription factors (TFs), is an important issue in postgenomic era. In this paper, we report a DNA nanodevice, allosteric DNA-silver nanocluster switches (AgSwitches), for TFs detection. The mechanism of this nanodevice is based on the binding-induced allostery whereby the binding between AgSwitches and TFs alters the conformation of AgSwitches. This alteration brings DNA-silver nanocluster (DNA-AgNCs) and guanine-rich enhancer sequences (GRS) into close proximity, generating fluorescent enhancement for quantifications. Our results revealed that the sequence design of AgSwitches can be rationally optimized according to stimulated free energy, and we demonstrated that this method can not only be used for detecting TFs in nuclear extracts of cells, but also be developed as a tool for screening inhibitors of TFs. Overall, this work expanded the category allosteric DNA nanodevices by first introducing DNA-AgNCs into this area, and the obtained method was efficient for TFs-related investigations.
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Affiliation(s)
- Bingzhi Li
- School of Pharmacy, Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing, 211166, PR China
| | - Yue Chen
- Department of Nutrition and Food Safety, School of Public Health, Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing 211166, PR China
| | - Jing Wang
- School of Pharmacy, Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing, 211166, PR China
| | - Qiaoyun Lu
- School of Pharmacy, Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing, 211166, PR China
| | - Wanying Zhu
- School of Pharmacy, Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing, 211166, PR China
| | - Jieping Luo
- School of Pharmacy, Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing, 211166, PR China
| | - Junli Hong
- School of Pharmacy, Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing, 211166, PR China
| | - Xuemin Zhou
- School of Pharmacy, Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing, 211166, PR China.
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205
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Lopez A, Abrisqueta P. Plasmablastic lymphoma: current perspectives. BLOOD AND LYMPHATIC CANCER-TARGETS AND THERAPY 2018; 8:63-70. [PMID: 31360094 PMCID: PMC6467349 DOI: 10.2147/blctt.s142814] [Citation(s) in RCA: 60] [Impact Index Per Article: 10.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/30/2022]
Abstract
Plasmablastic lymphoma (PbL) is a rare and aggressive B-cell malignancy with large neoplastic cells, most of them resembling plasmablasts that have a CD20-negative phenotype. Although initially described as being associated with HIV, over the years it has also been identified in patients with solid organ transplant and immunocompetent patients. Little is known about molecular basis that drives PbL, and still its diagnosis remains challenging given its rarity. However, proper recognition of its clinical characteristics, localization, and morphological features can establish a correct diagnosis of PbL within the spectrum of CD20-negative large B-cell lymphomas (LBCLs). PbL is characterized by CD20 and PAX5 negativity together with the expression of CD38, CD138, MUM1/IRF4, Blimp1, and XBP1 plasmacytic differentiation markers. It is usually associated with Epstein–Barr virus infections, and MYC gene rearrangements. PbL should be carefully differentiated from other CD20-negative B-cell neoplasms, ie, primary effusion lymphoma, anaplastic lymphoma kinase-positive (ALK) large B-cell lymphoma, and LBCL in human herpesvirus 8-associated multicentric Castleman disease. Despite our improved understanding of this disease, its prognosis remains dismal with short overall survival. There is no standard of care for this entity. Several chemotherapy combinations have been used with hardly any differences on its outcome. Thus, new approaches with the addition of novel molecules are needed to overcome its poor prognosis. Our current understanding and knowledge of PbL relies primarily on case reports and small case series. In this review, we revise through an extensive literature search, the clinical and biological characteristics of this entity, and the potential therapeutic options.
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Affiliation(s)
- Andres Lopez
- Lymphoma Unit, Department of Hematology, Vall d'Hebron University Hospital, Barcelona, Spain,
| | - Pau Abrisqueta
- Department of Hematology, Vall d'Hebron Institute of Oncology, Vall d'Hebron University Hospital, Barcelona, Spain
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206
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Levings DC, Wang X, Kohlhase D, Bell DA, Slattery M. A distinct class of antioxidant response elements is consistently activated in tumors with NRF2 mutations. Redox Biol 2018; 19:235-249. [PMID: 30195190 PMCID: PMC6128101 DOI: 10.1016/j.redox.2018.07.026] [Citation(s) in RCA: 31] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/20/2018] [Revised: 07/23/2018] [Accepted: 07/31/2018] [Indexed: 12/17/2022] Open
Abstract
NRF2 is a redox-responsive transcription factor that regulates expression of cytoprotective genes via its interaction with DNA sequences known as antioxidant response elements (AREs). NRF2 activity is induced by oxidative stress, but oxidative stress is not the only context in which NRF2 can be activated. Mutations that disrupt the interaction between NRF2 and KEAP1, an inhibitor of NRF2, lead to NRF2 hyperactivation and promote oncogenesis. The mechanisms underlying NRF2's oncogenic properties remain unclear, but likely involve aberrant expression of select NRF2 target genes. We tested this possibility using an integrative genomics approach to get a precise view of the direct NRF2 target genes dysregulated in tumors with NRF2 hyperactivating mutations. This approach revealed a core set of 32 direct NRF2 targets that are consistently upregulated in NRF2 hyperactivated tumors. This set of NRF2 "cancer target genes" includes canonical redox-related NRF2 targets, as well as target genes that have not been previously linked to NRF2 activation. Importantly, NRF2-driven upregulation of this gene set is largely independent of the organ system where the tumor developed. One key distinguishing feature of these NRF2 cancer target genes is that they are regulated by high affinity AREs that fall within genomic regions possessing a ubiquitously permissive chromatin signature. This implies that these NRF2 cancer target genes are responsive to oncogenic NRF2 in most tissues because they lack the regulatory constraints that restrict expression of most other NRF2 target genes. This NRF2 cancer target gene set also serves as a reliable proxy for NRF2 activity, and high NRF2 activity is associated with significant decreases in survival in multiple cancer types. Overall, the pervasive upregulation of these NRF2 cancer targets across multiple cancers, and their association with negative outcomes, suggests that these will be central to dissecting the functional implications of NRF2 hyperactivation in several cancer contexts.
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Affiliation(s)
- Daniel C Levings
- Department of Biomedical Sciences, University of Minnesota Medical School, Duluth, MN 55812, USA
| | - Xuting Wang
- Environmental Epigenomics and Disease Group, Immunity, Inflammation and Disease Laboratory, National Institute of Environmental Health Sciences, National Institutes of Health, Research Triangle Park, NC 27709, USA
| | - Derek Kohlhase
- Department of Biomedical Sciences, University of Minnesota Medical School, Duluth, MN 55812, USA
| | - Douglas A Bell
- Environmental Epigenomics and Disease Group, Immunity, Inflammation and Disease Laboratory, National Institute of Environmental Health Sciences, National Institutes of Health, Research Triangle Park, NC 27709, USA
| | - Matthew Slattery
- Department of Biomedical Sciences, University of Minnesota Medical School, Duluth, MN 55812, USA.
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207
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Shinde D, Albino D, Zoma M, Mutti A, Mapelli SN, Civenni G, Kokanovic A, Merulla J, Perez-Escuredo J, Costales P, Morìs F, Catapano CV, Carbone GM. Transcriptional Reprogramming and Inhibition of Tumor-propagating Stem-like Cells by EC-8042 in ERG-positive Prostate Cancer. Eur Urol Oncol 2018; 2:415-424. [PMID: 31277777 DOI: 10.1016/j.euo.2018.08.024] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/16/2018] [Accepted: 08/24/2018] [Indexed: 12/16/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND The TMPRSS2-ERG gene fusion is the most frequent genetic rearrangement in prostate cancers and results in broad transcriptional reprogramming and major phenotypic changes. Interaction and cooperation of ERG and SP1 may be instrumental in sustaining the tumorigenic and metastatic phenotype and could represent a potential vulnerability in ERG fusion-positive tumors. OBJECTIVE To test the activity of EC-8042, a compound able to block SP1, in cellular and mouse models of ERG-positive prostate cancer. DESIGN, SETTING, AND PARTICIPANTS We evaluated the activity of EC-8042 in cell cultures and ERG/PTEN transgenic/knockout mice that provide reliable models for testing novel therapeutics in this specific disease context. Using a new protocol to generate tumor spheroids from ERG/PTEN mice, we also examined the effects of EC-8042 on tumor-propagating stem-like cancer cells with high self-renewal and tumorigenic capabilities. OUTCOME MEASUREMENTS AND STATISTICAL ANALYSIS The efficacy of EC-8042 was determined by measuring the proliferative capacity and target gene expression in cell cultures, invasive and metastatic capabilities in chick chorioallantoic membrane assays, and tumor development in mice. Significance was determined using statistical test. RESULTS AND LIMITATIONS EC-8042 blocked transcription of ERG-regulated genes and reverted the invasive and metastatic phenotype of VCaP cells. EC-8042 blocked the expansion of stem-like tumor cells in tumor spheroids from VCaP cells and mouse-derived tumors. In ERG/PTEN mice, systemic treatment with EC-8042 inhibited ERG-regulated gene transcription, tumor progression, and tumor-propagating stem-like tumor cells. CONCLUSIONS Our data support clinical testing of EC-8042 for the treatment of ERG-positive prostate cancer in precision medicine approaches. PATIENT SUMMARY In this study, EC-8042, a novel compound with a favorable pharmacological and toxicological profile, exhibited relevant activity in cell cultures and in vivo in a genetically engineered mouse model that closely recapitulates the features of clinically aggressive ERG-positive prostate cancer. Our data indicate that further evaluation of EC-8042 in clinical trials is warranted.
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Affiliation(s)
- Dheeraj Shinde
- Institute of Oncology Research, Università della Svizzera Italiana, Bellinzona, Switzerland
| | - Domenico Albino
- Institute of Oncology Research, Università della Svizzera Italiana, Bellinzona, Switzerland
| | - Marita Zoma
- Institute of Oncology Research, Università della Svizzera Italiana, Bellinzona, Switzerland
| | - Azzurra Mutti
- Institute of Oncology Research, Università della Svizzera Italiana, Bellinzona, Switzerland
| | - Sarah N Mapelli
- Institute of Oncology Research, Università della Svizzera Italiana, Bellinzona, Switzerland
| | - Gianluca Civenni
- Institute of Oncology Research, Università della Svizzera Italiana, Bellinzona, Switzerland
| | - Aleksandra Kokanovic
- Institute of Oncology Research, Università della Svizzera Italiana, Bellinzona, Switzerland
| | - Jessica Merulla
- Institute of Oncology Research, Università della Svizzera Italiana, Bellinzona, Switzerland
| | | | | | | | - Carlo V Catapano
- Institute of Oncology Research, Università della Svizzera Italiana, Bellinzona, Switzerland
| | - Giuseppina M Carbone
- Institute of Oncology Research, Università della Svizzera Italiana, Bellinzona, Switzerland.
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208
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Mahadevappa R, Neves H, Yuen SM, Jameel M, Bai Y, Yuen HF, Zhang SD, Zhu Y, Lin Y, Kwok HF. DNA Replication Licensing Protein MCM10 Promotes Tumor Progression and Is a Novel Prognostic Biomarker and Potential Therapeutic Target in Breast Cancer. Cancers (Basel) 2018; 10:cancers10090282. [PMID: 30135378 PMCID: PMC6162382 DOI: 10.3390/cancers10090282] [Citation(s) in RCA: 25] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/27/2018] [Revised: 08/17/2018] [Accepted: 08/20/2018] [Indexed: 12/20/2022] Open
Abstract
Breast cancer is one of the most common malignancies in women worldwide. In breast cancer, the cell proliferation rate is known to influence the cancer malignancy. Recent studies have shown that DNA replication initiation/licensing factors are involved in cancer cell proliferation as well as cancer cell migration and invasion. Licensing factors have also been reported as important prognostic markers in lung, prostrate, and bladder cancers. Here, we studied the role of MCM10, a novel licensing factor, in breast cancer progression. From the public database, NCBI, we investigated six independent breast cancer patient cohorts, totaling 1283 patients. We observed a significant association between high MCM10 mRNA expression with tumor grading and patients’ survival time. Most importantly, using breast cancer cohorts with available treatment information, we also demonstrated that a high level of MCM10 is associated with a better response to conventional treatment. Similarly, in in vitro studies, the expression level of MCM10 in breast cancer cell lines is significantly higher compared to paired normal breast epithelium cells. Knockdown of MCM10 expression in the cancer cell line showed significantly decreased tumorigenic properties such as cell proliferation, migration and anchorage independence. The MCF7 breast cancer cell line, after MCM10 expression knockdown, showed significantly decreased tumorigenic properties such as cell proliferation, migration, and anchorage independent growth. Mechanistically, MCM10 expression is observed to be regulated by an Estrogen Receptor (ER) signaling pathway, where its expression is suppressed by the inhibition of the ER or serum withdrawal. Our results suggest that MCM10 plays an important role in breast cancer progression and is a potential prognostic/predictive biomarker and therapeutic target for breast cancer patients.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ravikiran Mahadevappa
- Faculty of Health Sciences, University of Macau, Avenida de Universidade, Taipa, Macau, China.
| | - Henrique Neves
- Faculty of Health Sciences, University of Macau, Avenida de Universidade, Taipa, Macau, China.
| | - Shun Ming Yuen
- Faculty of Health Sciences, University of Macau, Avenida de Universidade, Taipa, Macau, China.
| | - Muhammad Jameel
- Faculty of Health Sciences, University of Macau, Avenida de Universidade, Taipa, Macau, China.
| | - Yuchen Bai
- Faculty of Health Sciences, University of Macau, Avenida de Universidade, Taipa, Macau, China.
| | - Hiu-Fung Yuen
- Institute of Molecular and Cell Biology, A*STAR, Singapore 138673, Singapore.
| | - Shu-Dong Zhang
- Northern Ireland Centre for Stratified Medicine, Biomedical Sciences Research Institute, Ulster University, Londonderry BT47 6SB, UK.
| | - Youzhi Zhu
- Department of Thyroid and Breast Surgery, The First Affiliated Hospital of Fujian Medical University, Fuzhou 350005, China.
| | - Yao Lin
- Provincial University Key Laboratory of Cellular Stress Response and Metabolic Regulation, College of Life Sciences, Fujian Normal University, Fuzhou 350117, China.
| | - Hang Fai Kwok
- Faculty of Health Sciences, University of Macau, Avenida de Universidade, Taipa, Macau, China.
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209
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Gervais V, Muller I, Mari PO, Mourcet A, Movellan KT, Ramos P, Marcoux J, Guillet V, Javaid S, Burlet-Schiltz O, Czaplicki G, Milon A, Giglia-Mari G. Small molecule-based targeting of TTD-A dimerization to control TFIIH transcriptional activity represents a potential strategy for anticancer therapy. J Biol Chem 2018; 293:14974-14988. [PMID: 30068551 DOI: 10.1074/jbc.ra118.003444] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/17/2018] [Revised: 07/25/2018] [Indexed: 11/06/2022] Open
Abstract
The human transcription factor TFIIH is a large complex composed of 10 subunits that form an intricate network of protein-protein interactions critical for regulating its transcriptional and DNA repair activities. The trichothiodystrophy group A protein (TTD-A or p8) is the smallest TFIIH subunit, shuttling between a free and a TFIIH-bound state. Its dimerization properties allow it to shift from a homodimeric state, in the absence of a functional partner, to a heterodimeric structure, enabling dynamic binding to TFIIH. Recruitment of p8 at TFIIH stabilizes the overall architecture of the complex, whereas p8's absence reduces its cellular steady-state concentration and consequently decreases basal transcription, highlighting that p8 dimerization may be an attractive target for down-regulating transcription in cancer cells. Here, using a combination of molecular dynamics simulations to study p8 conformational stability and a >3000-member library of chemical fragments, we identified small-molecule compounds that bind to the dimerization interface of p8 and provoke its destabilization, as assessed by biophysical studies. Using quantitative imaging of TFIIH in living mouse cells, we found that these molecules reduce the intracellular concentration of TFIIH and its transcriptional activity to levels similar to that observed in individuals with trichothiodystrophy owing to mutated TTD-A Our results provide a proof of concept of fragment-based drug discovery, demonstrating the utility of small molecules for targeting p8 dimerization to modulate the transcriptional machinery, an approach that may help inform further development in anticancer therapies.
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Affiliation(s)
- Virginie Gervais
- From the Institut de Pharmacologie et de Biologie Structurale, IPBS, Université de Toulouse, CNRS, Université Paul Sabatier, BP-64182, F-31077 Toulouse, France,
| | - Isabelle Muller
- From the Institut de Pharmacologie et de Biologie Structurale, IPBS, Université de Toulouse, CNRS, Université Paul Sabatier, BP-64182, F-31077 Toulouse, France
| | - Pierre-Olivier Mari
- the Université Claude Bernard Lyon 1, INSERM U1217, Institut NeuroMyoGène, CNRS UMR 5310, F-69008 Lyon, France, and
| | - Amandine Mourcet
- From the Institut de Pharmacologie et de Biologie Structurale, IPBS, Université de Toulouse, CNRS, Université Paul Sabatier, BP-64182, F-31077 Toulouse, France
| | - Kumar Tekwani Movellan
- From the Institut de Pharmacologie et de Biologie Structurale, IPBS, Université de Toulouse, CNRS, Université Paul Sabatier, BP-64182, F-31077 Toulouse, France
| | - Pascal Ramos
- From the Institut de Pharmacologie et de Biologie Structurale, IPBS, Université de Toulouse, CNRS, Université Paul Sabatier, BP-64182, F-31077 Toulouse, France
| | - Julien Marcoux
- From the Institut de Pharmacologie et de Biologie Structurale, IPBS, Université de Toulouse, CNRS, Université Paul Sabatier, BP-64182, F-31077 Toulouse, France
| | - Valérie Guillet
- From the Institut de Pharmacologie et de Biologie Structurale, IPBS, Université de Toulouse, CNRS, Université Paul Sabatier, BP-64182, F-31077 Toulouse, France
| | - Sumaira Javaid
- From the Institut de Pharmacologie et de Biologie Structurale, IPBS, Université de Toulouse, CNRS, Université Paul Sabatier, BP-64182, F-31077 Toulouse, France.,the Dr. Panjwani Center for Molecular Medicine and Drug Research, International Center of Chemical and Biological Sciences, University of Karachi, Karachi-75270, Pakistan
| | - Odile Burlet-Schiltz
- From the Institut de Pharmacologie et de Biologie Structurale, IPBS, Université de Toulouse, CNRS, Université Paul Sabatier, BP-64182, F-31077 Toulouse, France
| | - Georges Czaplicki
- From the Institut de Pharmacologie et de Biologie Structurale, IPBS, Université de Toulouse, CNRS, Université Paul Sabatier, BP-64182, F-31077 Toulouse, France
| | - Alain Milon
- From the Institut de Pharmacologie et de Biologie Structurale, IPBS, Université de Toulouse, CNRS, Université Paul Sabatier, BP-64182, F-31077 Toulouse, France
| | - Giuseppina Giglia-Mari
- the Université Claude Bernard Lyon 1, INSERM U1217, Institut NeuroMyoGène, CNRS UMR 5310, F-69008 Lyon, France, and
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210
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Wiedemann B, Weisner J, Rauh D. Chemical modulation of transcription factors. MEDCHEMCOMM 2018; 9:1249-1272. [PMID: 30151079 PMCID: PMC6097187 DOI: 10.1039/c8md00273h] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/30/2018] [Accepted: 07/10/2018] [Indexed: 12/12/2022]
Abstract
Transcription factors (TFs) constitute a diverse class of sequence-specific DNA-binding proteins, which are key to the modulation of gene expression. TFs have been associated with human diseases, including cancer, Alzheimer's and other neurodegenerative diseases, which makes this class of proteins attractive targets for chemical biology and medicinal chemistry research. Since TFs lack a common binding site or structural similarity, the development of small molecules to efficiently modulate TF biology in cells and in vivo is a challenging task. This review highlights various strategies that are currently being explored for the identification and development of modulators of Myc, p53, Stat, Nrf2, CREB, ER, AR, HIF, NF-κB, and BET proteins.
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Affiliation(s)
- Bianca Wiedemann
- Technische Universität Dortmund , Fakultät für Chemie und Chemische Biologie , Otto-Hahn-Strasse 4a , D-44227 Dortmund , Germany . ; ; Tel: +49 (0)231 755 7080
| | - Jörn Weisner
- Technische Universität Dortmund , Fakultät für Chemie und Chemische Biologie , Otto-Hahn-Strasse 4a , D-44227 Dortmund , Germany . ; ; Tel: +49 (0)231 755 7080
| | - Daniel Rauh
- Technische Universität Dortmund , Fakultät für Chemie und Chemische Biologie , Otto-Hahn-Strasse 4a , D-44227 Dortmund , Germany . ; ; Tel: +49 (0)231 755 7080
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211
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Xu X, Wang L, Zhu D, Wang Y, Jiang W. Protein binding protection in combination with DNA masking for sensitive and reliable transcription factor detection. Talanta 2018; 186:293-298. [DOI: 10.1016/j.talanta.2018.04.047] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/09/2018] [Revised: 04/04/2018] [Accepted: 04/15/2018] [Indexed: 10/17/2022]
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212
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Kim YH, Yoon YJ, Lee YJ, Kim CH, Lee S, Choung DH, Han DC, Kwon BM. Piperlongumine derivative, CG-06, inhibits STAT3 activity by direct binding to STAT3 and regulating the reactive oxygen species in DU145 prostate carcinoma cells. Bioorg Med Chem Lett 2018; 28:2566-2572. [PMID: 29807795 DOI: 10.1016/j.bmcl.2018.05.025] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/14/2018] [Revised: 05/11/2018] [Accepted: 05/12/2018] [Indexed: 12/15/2022]
Abstract
Piperlongumine (PL), isolated from Piper longum L., is receiving intense interest due to its selectively ability to kill cancer cells but not normal cells. We synthesized a number of analogues by replacing the cyclic amide of PL with aliphatic amides to explore structural diversity. Compound CG-06 had the strongest cytotoxic profile of this series, showing potent effects in human prostate cancer DU-145 cells, in which signal transducer and activator of transcription 3 (STAT3) is constitutively active. CG-06 inhibited STAT3 phosphorylation at tyrosine 705 in a dose- and time dependent manner in DU-145 cells and suppressed IL-6-induced STAT3 phosphorylation at Tyr-705 in DU-145 and LNCaP cell lines. CG-06 decreased the expression levels of STAT3 target genes, such as cyclin A, Bcl-2, and survivin. Notably, we used drug affinity responsive target stability (DARTS) to show that CG-06 binds directly to STAT3, and the reactive oxygen species (ROS) scavenger N-acetyl cysteine (NAC) rescued the CG-06-induced suppression p-STAT3. Our results suggest that CG-06 is a novel inhibitor of STAT3 and may be a useful lead molecule for the development of a therapeutic STAT3 inhibitor.
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Affiliation(s)
- Young Hwan Kim
- Laboratory of Chemical Biology and Genomics, Korea Research Institute of Bioscience and Biotechnology, Daejeon 34141, Republic of Korea; Department of Biology, Chungnam National University, Daejeon, Republic of Korea
| | - Yae Jin Yoon
- Laboratory of Chemical Biology and Genomics, Korea Research Institute of Bioscience and Biotechnology, Daejeon 34141, Republic of Korea
| | - Yu-Jin Lee
- Laboratory of Chemical Biology and Genomics, Korea Research Institute of Bioscience and Biotechnology, Daejeon 34141, Republic of Korea
| | - Cheol-Hee Kim
- Department of Biology, Chungnam National University, Daejeon, Republic of Korea
| | - Sangku Lee
- Laboratory of Chemical Biology and Genomics, Korea Research Institute of Bioscience and Biotechnology, Daejeon 34141, Republic of Korea
| | - Dong Ho Choung
- Laboratory of Chemical Biology and Genomics, Korea Research Institute of Bioscience and Biotechnology, Daejeon 34141, Republic of Korea
| | - Dong Cho Han
- Laboratory of Chemical Biology and Genomics, Korea Research Institute of Bioscience and Biotechnology, Daejeon 34141, Republic of Korea; Korea University of Science and Technology, Daejeon, Republic of Korea.
| | - Byoung-Mog Kwon
- Laboratory of Chemical Biology and Genomics, Korea Research Institute of Bioscience and Biotechnology, Daejeon 34141, Republic of Korea; Korea University of Science and Technology, Daejeon, Republic of Korea.
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213
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Breunig C, Erdem N, Bott A, Greiwe JF, Reinz E, Bernhardt S, Giacomelli C, Wachter A, Kanthelhardt EJ, Beißbarth T, Vetter M, Wiemann S. TGFβ1 regulates HGF-induced cell migration and hepatocyte growth factor receptor MET expression via C-ets-1 and miR-128-3p in basal-like breast cancer. Mol Oncol 2018; 12:1447-1463. [PMID: 30004628 PMCID: PMC6120235 DOI: 10.1002/1878-0261.12355] [Citation(s) in RCA: 19] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/02/2017] [Revised: 06/24/2018] [Accepted: 07/02/2018] [Indexed: 11/18/2022] Open
Abstract
Breast cancer is the most common cancer in women worldwide. The tumor microenvironment contributes to tumor progression by inducing cell dissemination from the primary tumor and metastasis. TGFβ signaling is involved in breast cancer progression and is specifically elevated during metastatic transformation in aggressive breast cancer. In this study, we performed genomewide correlation analysis of TGFBR2 expression in a panel of 51 breast cancer cell lines and identified that MET is coregulated with TGFBR2. This correlation was confirmed at the protein level in breast cancer cell lines and human tumor tissues. Flow cytometric analysis of luminal and basal‐like breast cancer cell lines and examination of 801 tumor specimens from a prospective cohort of breast cancer patients using reverse phase protein arrays revealed that expression of TGFBR2 and MET is increased in basal‐like breast cancer cell lines, as well as in triple‐negative breast cancer tumor tissues, compared to other subtypes. Using real‐time cell analysis technology, we demonstrated that TGFβ1 triggered hepatocyte growth factor (HGF)‐induced and MET‐dependent migration in vitro. Bioinformatic analysis predicted that TGFβ1 induces expression of C‐ets‐1 as a candidate transcription factor regulating MET expression. Indeed, TGFβ1‐induced expression of ETS1 and breast cancer cell migration was blocked by knockdown of ETS1. Further, we identified that MET is a direct target of miR‐128‐3p and that this miRNA is negatively regulated by TGFβ1. Overexpression of miR‐128‐3p reduced MET expression and abrogated HGF‐induced cell migration of invasive breast cancer cells. In conclusion, we have identified that TGFβ1 regulates HGF‐induced and MET‐mediated cell migration, through positive regulation of C‐ets‐1 and negative regulation of miR‐128‐3p expression in basal‐like breast cancer cell lines and in triple‐negative breast cancer tissue.
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Affiliation(s)
- Christian Breunig
- Division of Molecular Genome Analysis, German Cancer Research Center (DKFZ), Heidelberg, Germany
| | - Nese Erdem
- Division of Molecular Genome Analysis, German Cancer Research Center (DKFZ), Heidelberg, Germany
| | - Alexander Bott
- Division of Molecular Genome Analysis, German Cancer Research Center (DKFZ), Heidelberg, Germany
| | - Julia F Greiwe
- Division of Molecular Genome Analysis, German Cancer Research Center (DKFZ), Heidelberg, Germany
| | - Eileen Reinz
- Division of Molecular Genome Analysis, German Cancer Research Center (DKFZ), Heidelberg, Germany
| | - Stephan Bernhardt
- Division of Molecular Genome Analysis, German Cancer Research Center (DKFZ), Heidelberg, Germany
| | - Chiara Giacomelli
- Division of Molecular Genome Analysis, German Cancer Research Center (DKFZ), Heidelberg, Germany
| | - Astrid Wachter
- Department of Medical Statistics, University Medical Center, Göttingen, Germany
| | - Eva J Kanthelhardt
- Department of Gynecology, Martin-Luther-University Halle Wittenberg, Germany
| | - Tim Beißbarth
- Department of Medical Statistics, University Medical Center, Göttingen, Germany
| | - Martina Vetter
- Department of Gynecology, Martin-Luther-University Halle Wittenberg, Germany
| | - Stefan Wiemann
- Division of Molecular Genome Analysis, German Cancer Research Center (DKFZ), Heidelberg, Germany
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214
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Characterization of Small Molecules Inhibiting the Pro-Angiogenic Activity of the Zinc Finger Transcription Factor Vezf1. Molecules 2018; 23:molecules23071615. [PMID: 29970794 PMCID: PMC6100598 DOI: 10.3390/molecules23071615] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/14/2018] [Revised: 06/23/2018] [Accepted: 06/24/2018] [Indexed: 02/01/2023] Open
Abstract
Discovery of inhibitors for endothelial-related transcription factors can contribute to the development of anti-angiogenic therapies that treat various diseases, including cancer. The role of transcription factor Vezf1 in vascular development and regulation of angiogenesis has been defined by several earlier studies. Through construction of a computational model for Vezf1, work here has identified a novel small molecule drug capable of inhibiting Vezf1 from binding to its cognate DNA binding site. Using structure-based design and virtual screening of the NCI Diversity Compound Library, 12 shortlisted compounds were tested for their ability to interfere with the binding of Vezf1 to DNA using electrophoretic gel mobility shift assays. We identified one compound, T4, which has an IC50 of 20 μM. Using murine endothelial cells, MSS31, we tested the effect of T4 on endothelial cell viability and angiogenesis by using tube formation assay. Our data show that addition of T4 in cell culture medium does not affect cell viability at concentrations lower or equal to its IC 50 but strongly inhibits the network formation by MSS31 in the tube formation assays. Given its potential efficacy, this inhibitor has significant therapeutic potential in several human diseases.
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215
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Acuña UM, Mo S, Zi J, Orjala J, DE Blanco EJC. Hapalindole H Induces Apoptosis as an Inhibitor of NF-ĸB and Affects the Intrinsic Mitochondrial Pathway in PC-3 Androgen-insensitive Prostate Cancer Cells. Anticancer Res 2018; 38:3299-3307. [PMID: 29848677 DOI: 10.21873/anticanres.12595] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/02/2018] [Revised: 04/24/2018] [Accepted: 04/26/2018] [Indexed: 12/27/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Prostate cancer presents the highest incidence rates among all cancers in men. Hapalindole H (Hap H), isolated from Fischerella muscicola (UTEX strain number LB1829) as part of our natural product anticancer drug discovery program, was found to be significantly active against prostate cancer cells. MATERIALS AND METHODS In this study, Hap H was tested for nuclear factor-kappa B (NF-ĸB) inhibition and selective cytotoxic activity against different cancer cell lines. The apoptotic effect was assessed on PC-3 prostate cancer cells by fluorescence-activated cell sorting analysis. The underlying mechanism that induced apoptosis was studied and the effect of Hap H on mitochondria was evaluated and characterized using western blot and flow cytometric analysis. RESULTS Hap H was identified as a potent NF-ĸB inhibitor (0.76 μM) with selective cytotoxicity against the PC-3 prostate cancer cell line (0.02 μM). The apoptotic effect was studied on PC-3 cells. The results showed that treatment of PC-3 cells with Hap H reduced the formation of NAD(P)H, suggesting that the function of the outer mitochondrial membrane was negatively affected. Thus, the mitochondrial transmembrane potential was assessed in Hap H treated cells. The results showed that the outer mitochondrial membrane was disrupted as an increased amount of JC-1 monomers were detected in treated cells (78.3%) when compared to untreated cells (10.1%), also suggesting that a large number of treated cells went into an apoptotic state. CONCLUSION Hap H was found to have potent NF-ĸB p65-inhibitory activity and induced apoptosis through the intrinsic mitochondrial pathway in hormone-independent PC-3 prostate cancer cells.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ulyana Muñoz Acuña
- Division of Pharmacy Practice and Administration, College of Pharmacy, The Ohio State University, Columbus, OH, U.S.A.,Division of Medicinal Chemistry and Pharmacognosy, College of Pharmacy, The Ohio State University, Columbus, OH, U.S.A
| | - Shunyan Mo
- Department of Medicinal Chemistry and Pharmacognosy, College of Pharmacy, University of Illinois at Chicago, Chicago, IL, U.S.A
| | - Jiachen Zi
- Department of Medicinal Chemistry and Pharmacognosy, College of Pharmacy, University of Illinois at Chicago, Chicago, IL, U.S.A
| | - Jimmy Orjala
- Department of Medicinal Chemistry and Pharmacognosy, College of Pharmacy, University of Illinois at Chicago, Chicago, IL, U.S.A
| | - Esperanza J Carcache DE Blanco
- Division of Pharmacy Practice and Administration, College of Pharmacy, The Ohio State University, Columbus, OH, U.S.A. .,Division of Medicinal Chemistry and Pharmacognosy, College of Pharmacy, The Ohio State University, Columbus, OH, U.S.A
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216
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Structural Biology of STAT3 and Its Implications for Anticancer Therapies Development. Int J Mol Sci 2018; 19:ijms19061591. [PMID: 29843450 PMCID: PMC6032208 DOI: 10.3390/ijms19061591] [Citation(s) in RCA: 86] [Impact Index Per Article: 14.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/07/2018] [Revised: 05/21/2018] [Accepted: 05/25/2018] [Indexed: 12/16/2022] Open
Abstract
Transcription factors are proteins able to bind DNA and induce the transcription of specific genes. Consequently, they play a pivotal role in multiple cellular pathways and are frequently over-expressed or dysregulated in cancer. Here, we will focus on a specific “signal transducer and activator of transcription” (STAT3) factor that is involved in several pathologies, including cancer. For long time, the mechanism by which STAT3 exerts its cellular functions has been summarized by a three steps process: (1) Protein phosphorylation by specific kinases, (2) dimerization promoted by phosphorylation, (3) activation of gene expression by the phosphorylated dimer. Consequently, most of the inhibitors reported in literature aimed at blocking phosphorylation and dimerization. However, recent observations reopened the debate and the entire functional mechanism has been revisited stimulating the scientific community to pursue new inhibition strategies. In particular, the dimerization of the unphosphorylated species has been experimentally demonstrated and specific roles proposed also for these dimers. Despite difficulties in the expression and purification of the full length STAT3, structural biology investigations allowed the determination of atomistic structures of STAT3 dimers and several protein domains. Starting from this information, computational methods have been used both to improve the understanding of the STAT3 functional mechanism and to design new inhibitors to be used as anticancer drugs. In this review, we will focus on the contribution of structural biology to understand the roles of STAT3, to design new inhibitors and to suggest new strategies of pharmacological intervention.
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217
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Hepp MI, Escobar D, Farkas C, Hermosilla VE, Álvarez C, Amigo R, Gutiérrez JL, Castro AF, Pincheira R. A Trichostatin A (TSA)/Sp1-mediated mechanism for the regulation of SALL2 tumor suppressor in Jurkat T cells. BIOCHIMICA ET BIOPHYSICA ACTA. GENE REGULATORY MECHANISMS 2018; 1861:S1874-9399(18)30028-2. [PMID: 29778644 DOI: 10.1016/j.bbagrm.2018.05.002] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/22/2018] [Revised: 05/03/2018] [Accepted: 05/16/2018] [Indexed: 11/26/2022]
Abstract
SALL2 is a transcription factor involved in development and disease. Deregulation of SALL2 has been associated with cancer, suggesting that it plays a role in the disease. However, how SALL2 is regulated and why is deregulated in cancer remain poorly understood. We previously showed that the p53 tumor suppressor represses SALL2 under acute genotoxic stress. Here, we investigated the effect of Histone Deacetylase Inhibitor (HDACi) Trichostatin A (TSA), and involvement of Sp1 on expression and function of SALL2 in Jurkat T cells. We show that SALL2 mRNA and protein levels were enhanced under TSA treatment. Both, TSA and ectopic expression of Sp1 transactivated the SALL2 P2 promoter. This transactivation effect was blocked by the Sp1-binding inhibitor mithramycin A. Sp1 bound in vitro and in vivo to the proximal region of the P2 promoter. TSA induced Sp1 binding to the P2 promoter, which correlated with dynamic changes on H4 acetylation and concomitant recruitment of p300 or HDAC1 in a mutually exclusive manner. Our results suggest that TSA-induced Sp1-Lys703 acetylation contributes to the transcriptional activation of the P2 promoter. Finally, using a CRISPR/Cas9 SALL2-KO Jurkat-T cell model and gain of function experiments, we demonstrated that SALL2 upregulation is required for TSA-mediated cell death. Thus, our study identified Sp1 as a novel transcriptional regulator of SALL2, and proposes a novel epigenetic mechanism for SALL2 regulation in Jurkat-T cells. Altogether, our data support SALL2 function as a tumor suppressor, and SALL2 involvement in cell death response to HDACi.
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Affiliation(s)
- Matías I Hepp
- Departamento de Bioquímica y Biología Molecular, Facultad Cs. Biológicas, Universidad de Concepción, Chile.
| | - David Escobar
- Departamento de Bioquímica y Biología Molecular, Facultad Cs. Biológicas, Universidad de Concepción, Chile
| | - Carlos Farkas
- Departamento de Bioquímica y Biología Molecular, Facultad Cs. Biológicas, Universidad de Concepción, Chile
| | - Viviana E Hermosilla
- Departamento de Bioquímica y Biología Molecular, Facultad Cs. Biológicas, Universidad de Concepción, Chile
| | - Claudia Álvarez
- Departamento de Bioquímica y Biología Molecular, Facultad Cs. Biológicas, Universidad de Concepción, Chile
| | - Roberto Amigo
- Departamento de Bioquímica y Biología Molecular, Facultad Cs. Biológicas, Universidad de Concepción, Chile
| | - José L Gutiérrez
- Departamento de Bioquímica y Biología Molecular, Facultad Cs. Biológicas, Universidad de Concepción, Chile
| | - Ariel F Castro
- Departamento de Bioquímica y Biología Molecular, Facultad Cs. Biológicas, Universidad de Concepción, Chile
| | - Roxana Pincheira
- Departamento de Bioquímica y Biología Molecular, Facultad Cs. Biológicas, Universidad de Concepción, Chile.
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218
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Fathi N, Rashidi G, Khodadadi A, Shahi S, Sharifi S. STAT3 and apoptosis challenges in cancer. Int J Biol Macromol 2018; 117:993-1001. [PMID: 29782972 DOI: 10.1016/j.ijbiomac.2018.05.121] [Citation(s) in RCA: 130] [Impact Index Per Article: 21.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/27/2018] [Revised: 05/17/2018] [Accepted: 05/17/2018] [Indexed: 12/14/2022]
Abstract
Several studies have processed conceivable evidence for the vital role of Signal Transducer and Activator of Transcription 3 (STAT3) in cancer transformation and carcinogenesis. Therefore, one of the important factors in formation of cancer is STAT3 and for design of novel anticancer drugs is a suitable target. On the other hand, apoptosis pathway has a critical role in the cancers pathogenesis. Generally, increasing developments have been existed to expression, production, phosphorylation or activation of STAT3 in the effective or responsible cells of most of the cancers. In return, apoptosis process in this cells have been suffered inhibition, decrease in expression, produce or activation in some related factors which lead to debilitation or inhibition of the process. Further understanding of the STAT3 related signaling and apoptosis pathway can lead to the invention of novel approaches for therapies in unstudied disease. In this manuscript, review and highlight recent knowledge of the STAT3 pathway and its connection with apoptosis process in cancers and discuss STAT3-targeting agents to therapeutic developments.
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Affiliation(s)
- Nazanin Fathi
- Immunology Research Center, Tabriz University of Medical Sciences, Tabriz, Iran
| | - Golnaz Rashidi
- Department of Immunology, Faculty of Medicine, Ahvaz Jundishapur University of Medical Sciences, Ahvaz, Iran
| | - Ali Khodadadi
- Department of Immunology, Faculty of Medicine, Ahvaz Jundishapur University of Medical Sciences, Ahvaz, Iran; Cancer, Environmental and Petroleum Pollutants Research Center, Ahvaz Jundishapur University of Medical Sciences, Ahvaz, Iran
| | - Shahriar Shahi
- Department of Endodontics, Faculty of Dentistry, Tabriz University of Medical Sciences, Tabriz, Iran; Dental and Periodontal Research Center, Tabriz University of Medical Sciences, Tabriz, Iran
| | - Simin Sharifi
- Dental and Periodontal Research Center, Tabriz University of Medical Sciences, Tabriz, Iran.
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219
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Kang MH, Choi H, Oshima M, Cheong JH, Kim S, Lee JH, Park YS, Choi HS, Kweon MN, Pack CG, Lee JS, Mills GB, Myung SJ, Park YY. Estrogen-related receptor gamma functions as a tumor suppressor in gastric cancer. Nat Commun 2018; 9:1920. [PMID: 29765046 PMCID: PMC5954140 DOI: 10.1038/s41467-018-04244-2] [Citation(s) in RCA: 69] [Impact Index Per Article: 11.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/13/2017] [Accepted: 04/16/2018] [Indexed: 02/07/2023] Open
Abstract
The principle factors underlying gastric cancer (GC) development and outcomes are not well characterized resulting in a paucity of validated therapeutic targets. To identify potential molecular targets, we analyze gene expression data from GC patients and identify the nuclear receptor ESRRG as a candidate tumor suppressor. ESRRG expression is decreased in GC and is a predictor of a poor clinical outcome. Importantly, ESRRG suppresses GC cell growth and tumorigenesis. Gene expression profiling suggests that ESRRG antagonizes Wnt signaling via the suppression of TCF4/LEF1 binding to the CCND1 promoter. Indeed, ESRRG levels are found to be inversely correlated with Wnt signaling-associated genes in GC patients. Strikingly, the ESRRG agonist DY131 suppresses cancer growth and represses the expression of Wnt signaling genes. Our present findings thus demonstrate that ESRRG functions as a negative regulator of the Wnt signaling pathway in GC and is a potential therapeutic target for this cancer.
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Affiliation(s)
- Myoung-Hee Kang
- ASAN Institute for Life Sciences, ASAN Medical Center, University of Ulsan College of Medicine, Seoul, 05505, Republic of Korea.,Department of Convergence Medicine, University of Ulsan College of Medicine, Seoul, 05505, Republic of Korea.,Department of Systems Biology, MD Anderson Cancer Center, Houston, TX, 77030, USA
| | - Hyunji Choi
- Department of Biological Sciences, Dong-A University, Busan, 49315, Republic of Korea
| | - Masanobu Oshima
- Division of Genetics, Cancer Research Institute, Kanazawa University, Kanazawa, 920-8641, Japan
| | - Jae-Ho Cheong
- Department of Surgery, Yonsei University College of Medicine, Seoul, 03722, Republic of Korea
| | - Seokho Kim
- Aging Research Institute, Korea Research Institute of Bioscience and Biotechnology, Daejeon, 34141, Republic of Korea
| | - Jung Hoon Lee
- Department of Gastroenterology, University of Ulsan College of Medicine, Seoul, 05505, Republic of Korea
| | - Young Soo Park
- Department of Pathology, University of Ulsan College of Medicine, Seoul, 05505, Republic of Korea
| | - Hueng-Sik Choi
- National Creative Research Initiatives Center for Nuclear Receptor Signals and Hormone Research Center, School of Biological Sciences and Technology, Chonnam National University, Gwangju, 61186, Republic of Korea
| | - Mi-Na Kweon
- Department of Convergence Medicine, University of Ulsan College of Medicine, Seoul, 05505, Republic of Korea
| | - Chan-Gi Pack
- ASAN Institute for Life Sciences, ASAN Medical Center, University of Ulsan College of Medicine, Seoul, 05505, Republic of Korea.,Department of Convergence Medicine, University of Ulsan College of Medicine, Seoul, 05505, Republic of Korea
| | - Ju-Seog Lee
- Department of Systems Biology, MD Anderson Cancer Center, Houston, TX, 77030, USA
| | - Gordon B Mills
- Department of Systems Biology, MD Anderson Cancer Center, Houston, TX, 77030, USA
| | - Seung-Jae Myung
- ASAN Institute for Life Sciences, ASAN Medical Center, University of Ulsan College of Medicine, Seoul, 05505, Republic of Korea. .,Department of Convergence Medicine, University of Ulsan College of Medicine, Seoul, 05505, Republic of Korea. .,Department of Gastroenterology, University of Ulsan College of Medicine, Seoul, 05505, Republic of Korea.
| | - Yun-Yong Park
- ASAN Institute for Life Sciences, ASAN Medical Center, University of Ulsan College of Medicine, Seoul, 05505, Republic of Korea. .,Department of Convergence Medicine, University of Ulsan College of Medicine, Seoul, 05505, Republic of Korea.
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220
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Schneider-Poetsch T, Yoshida M. Along the Central Dogma-Controlling Gene Expression with Small Molecules. Annu Rev Biochem 2018; 87:391-420. [PMID: 29727582 DOI: 10.1146/annurev-biochem-060614-033923] [Citation(s) in RCA: 23] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/09/2022]
Abstract
The central dogma of molecular biology, that DNA is transcribed into RNA and RNA translated into protein, was coined in the early days of modern biology. Back in the 1950s and 1960s, bacterial genetics first opened the way toward understanding life as the genetically encoded interaction of macromolecules. As molecular biology progressed and our knowledge of gene control deepened, it became increasingly clear that expression relied on many more levels of regulation. In the process of dissecting mechanisms of gene expression, specific small-molecule inhibitors played an important role and became valuable tools of investigation. Small molecules offer significant advantages over genetic tools, as they allow inhibiting a process at any desired time point, whereas mutating or altering the gene of an important regulator would likely result in a dead organism. With the advent of modern sequencing technology, it has become possible to monitor global cellular effects of small-molecule treatment and thereby overcome the limitations of classical biochemistry, which usually looks at a biological system in isolation. This review focuses on several molecules, especially natural products, that have played an important role in dissecting gene expression and have opened up new fields of investigation as well as clinical venues for disease treatment.
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Affiliation(s)
- Tilman Schneider-Poetsch
- Chemical Genomics Research Group, RIKEN Center for Sustainable Resource Science, Saitama 351-0198, Japan;
| | - Minoru Yoshida
- Chemical Genomics Research Group, RIKEN Center for Sustainable Resource Science, Saitama 351-0198, Japan; .,Department of Biotechnology, University of Tokyo, Tokyo 113-8657, Japan
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221
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Wang WM, Xu Y, Wang YH, Sun HX, Sun YF, He YF, Zhu QF, Hu B, Zhang X, Xia JL, Qiu SJ, Zhou J, Yang XR, Fan J. HOXB7 promotes tumor progression via bFGF-induced activation of MAPK/ERK pathway and indicated poor prognosis in hepatocellular carcinoma. Oncotarget 2018; 8:47121-47135. [PMID: 28454092 PMCID: PMC5564549 DOI: 10.18632/oncotarget.17004] [Citation(s) in RCA: 24] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/20/2016] [Accepted: 02/06/2017] [Indexed: 12/30/2022] Open
Abstract
The homeobox-containing gene HOXB7 plays an important role in the pathogenesis and progression of many cancers, yet its role in hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC) remains unclear. This study comprehensively analyzed the expression and clinical significance of HOXB7 in HCC and explored its potential mechanism in tumor progression. We found HOXB7 was highly expressed in HCC cell lines with highly metastatic potential and cancerous tissues from patients with tumor recurrence. The abilities of proliferation, migration, and invasion were notably decreased by depletion of HOXB7, and were enhanced by its enforced expression in vitro. HOXB7 expression was positively correlated with tumor progression and lung metastasis in vivo. The gene microarray data implied that HOXB7 affects biological functions of HCC cells through MAPK/ERK pathway activation. Further study confirmed that the effect of HOXB7 in activating MAPK/ERK pathway via induction of basic fibroblast growth factor (bFGF) secretion, and the inhibition of bFGF secretion could abolish MAPK/ERK pathway activation after ectopic expression of HOXB7. Chromatin immunoprecipitation experiments and luciferase reporter assays confirmed that HOXB7 promoted bFGF secretion via binding its promoter directly. Furthermore, the clinical significance of HOXB7 expression was confirmed using tissue microarrays containing 394 HCC tissue specimens. Patients with high HOXB7 expression showed shorter survival times and higher recurrence rates, and HOXB7 was an independent indicator for survival and recurrence. Overall, HOXB7 promotes HCC cell proliferation, migration, and invasion through the bFGF-induced MAPK/ERK pathway activation. It might be a novel prognostic factor in HCC and a promising therapeutic target for tumor metastasis and recurrence.
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Affiliation(s)
- Wei-Min Wang
- Department of Liver Surgery, Liver Cancer Institute, Zhongshan Hospital, Fudan University, Key Laboratory of Carcinogenesis and Cancer Invasion, Ministry of Education, Shanghai 200032, P. R. China.,Institute of Biomedical Sciences, Fudan University, Shanghai 200032, P. R. China
| | - Yang Xu
- Department of Liver Surgery, Liver Cancer Institute, Zhongshan Hospital, Fudan University, Key Laboratory of Carcinogenesis and Cancer Invasion, Ministry of Education, Shanghai 200032, P. R. China
| | - Yao-Hui Wang
- Department of Interventional Radiology, Fudan University Shanghai Cancer Center, Department of Oncology, Shanghai Medical College, Fudan University, Shanghai 200032, P. R. China
| | - Hai-Xiang Sun
- Department of Liver Surgery, Liver Cancer Institute, Zhongshan Hospital, Fudan University, Key Laboratory of Carcinogenesis and Cancer Invasion, Ministry of Education, Shanghai 200032, P. R. China
| | - Yun-Fan Sun
- Department of Liver Surgery, Liver Cancer Institute, Zhongshan Hospital, Fudan University, Key Laboratory of Carcinogenesis and Cancer Invasion, Ministry of Education, Shanghai 200032, P. R. China
| | - Yi-Feng He
- Department of Liver Surgery, Liver Cancer Institute, Zhongshan Hospital, Fudan University, Key Laboratory of Carcinogenesis and Cancer Invasion, Ministry of Education, Shanghai 200032, P. R. China
| | - Qing-Feng Zhu
- Department of Liver Surgery, Liver Cancer Institute, Zhongshan Hospital, Fudan University, Key Laboratory of Carcinogenesis and Cancer Invasion, Ministry of Education, Shanghai 200032, P. R. China.,Institute of Biomedical Sciences, Fudan University, Shanghai 200032, P. R. China
| | - Bo Hu
- Department of Liver Surgery, Liver Cancer Institute, Zhongshan Hospital, Fudan University, Key Laboratory of Carcinogenesis and Cancer Invasion, Ministry of Education, Shanghai 200032, P. R. China
| | - Xin Zhang
- Department of Liver Surgery, Liver Cancer Institute, Zhongshan Hospital, Fudan University, Key Laboratory of Carcinogenesis and Cancer Invasion, Ministry of Education, Shanghai 200032, P. R. China
| | - Jing-Lin Xia
- Department of Liver Surgery, Liver Cancer Institute, Zhongshan Hospital, Fudan University, Key Laboratory of Carcinogenesis and Cancer Invasion, Ministry of Education, Shanghai 200032, P. R. China
| | - Shuang-Jian Qiu
- Department of Liver Surgery, Liver Cancer Institute, Zhongshan Hospital, Fudan University, Key Laboratory of Carcinogenesis and Cancer Invasion, Ministry of Education, Shanghai 200032, P. R. China
| | - Jian Zhou
- Department of Liver Surgery, Liver Cancer Institute, Zhongshan Hospital, Fudan University, Key Laboratory of Carcinogenesis and Cancer Invasion, Ministry of Education, Shanghai 200032, P. R. China.,Institute of Biomedical Sciences, Fudan University, Shanghai 200032, P. R. China
| | - Xin-Rong Yang
- Department of Liver Surgery, Liver Cancer Institute, Zhongshan Hospital, Fudan University, Key Laboratory of Carcinogenesis and Cancer Invasion, Ministry of Education, Shanghai 200032, P. R. China
| | - Jia Fan
- Department of Liver Surgery, Liver Cancer Institute, Zhongshan Hospital, Fudan University, Key Laboratory of Carcinogenesis and Cancer Invasion, Ministry of Education, Shanghai 200032, P. R. China.,Institute of Biomedical Sciences, Fudan University, Shanghai 200032, P. R. China
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Maintenance of cancer stemness by miR-196b-5p contributes to chemoresistance of colorectal cancer cells via activating STAT3 signaling pathway. Oncotarget 2018; 8:49807-49823. [PMID: 28591704 PMCID: PMC5564809 DOI: 10.18632/oncotarget.17971] [Citation(s) in RCA: 138] [Impact Index Per Article: 23.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/27/2016] [Accepted: 05/04/2017] [Indexed: 12/20/2022] Open
Abstract
Emerging studies indicated that cancer stem cells represent a subpopulation of cells within the tumor that is responsible for chemotherapeutic resistance. However, the underlying mechanism is still not clarified yet. Here we report that miR-196b-5p is dramatically upregulated in CRC tissues and high expression of miR-196b-5p correlates with poor survival in CRC patients. Moreover, recurrent gains (amplification) contribute to the miR-196b-5p overexpression in CRC tissues. Silencing miR-196b-5p suppresses spheroids formation ability, the fraction of SP cells, expression of stem cell factors and the mitochondrial potential, and enhances the apoptosis induced by 5-fluorouracil in CRC cells; while ectopic expression of miR-196b-5p yields an opposite effect. In addition, downregulation of miR-196b-5p resensitizes CRC cells to 5-fluorouracil in vivo. Our results further demonstrate that miR-196b-5p promotes stemness and chemoresistance of CRC cells to 5-fluorouracil via targeting negative regulators SOCS1 and SOCS3 of STAT3 signaling pathway, giving rise to activation of STAT3 signaling. Interestingly, miR-196b-5p is highly enriched in the serum exosomes of patients with CRC compared to the healthy control subjects. Thus, our results unravel a novel mechanism of miR-196b-5p implicating in the maintenance of stem cell property and chemotherapeutic resistance in CRC, offering a potential rational registry of anti-miR-196b-5p combining with conventional chemotherapy against CRC.
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223
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Fontaine FR, Goodall S, Prokop JW, Howard CB, Moustaqil M, Kumble S, Rasicci DT, Osborne GW, Gambin Y, Sierecki E, Jones ML, Zuegg J, Mahler S, Francois M. Functional domain analysis of SOX18 transcription factor using a single-chain variable fragment-based approach. MAbs 2018; 10:596-606. [PMID: 29648920 PMCID: PMC5972640 DOI: 10.1080/19420862.2018.1451288] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/21/2022] Open
Abstract
Antibodies are routinely used to study the activity of transcription factors, using various in vitro and in vivo approaches such as electrophoretic mobility shift assay, enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay, genome-wide method analysis coupled with next generation sequencing, or mass spectrometry. More recently, a new application for antibodies has emerged as crystallisation scaffolds for difficult to crystallise proteins, such as transcription factors. Only in a few rare cases, antibodies have been used to modulate the activity of transcription factors, and there is a real gap in our knowledge on how to efficiently design antibodies to interfere with transcription. The molecular function of transcription factors is underpinned by complex networks of protein-protein interaction and in theory, setting aside intra-cellular delivery challenges, developing antibody-based approaches to modulate transcription factor activity appears a viable option. Here, we demonstrate that antibodies or an antibody single-chain variable region fragments are powerful molecular tools to unravel complex protein-DNA and protein-protein binding mechanisms. In this study, we focus on the molecular mode of action of the transcription factor SOX18, a key modulator of endothelial cell fate during development, as well as an attractive target in certain pathophysiological conditions such as solid cancer metastasis. The engineered antibody we designed inhibits SOX18 transcriptional activity, by interfering specifically with an 8-amino-acid motif in the C-terminal region directly adjacent to α-Helix 3 of SOX18 HMG domain, thereby disrupting protein-protein interaction. This new approach establishes a framework to guide the study of transcription factors interactomes using antibodies as molecular handles.
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Affiliation(s)
- Frank R Fontaine
- a Institute for Molecular Bioscience, The University of Queensland , Brisbane , Australia
| | - Stephen Goodall
- b Australian Institute for Bioengineering and Nanotechnology, The University of Queensland , QLD , Australia
| | - Jeremy W Prokop
- c HudsonAlpha Institute for Biotechnology , Huntsville AL , USA.,d Department of Pediatrics and Human Development , Michigan State University , East Lansing , MI , USA
| | - Christopher B Howard
- b Australian Institute for Bioengineering and Nanotechnology, The University of Queensland , QLD , Australia.,e ARC Training Centre for Biopharmaceutical Innovation, Australian Institute for Bioengineering and Nanotechnology, The University of Queensland , St Lucia , QLD , Australia
| | - Mehdi Moustaqil
- f Single Molecule Science, Lowy Cancer Research Centre, The University of New South Wales , Sydney , NSW , Australia
| | - Sumukh Kumble
- b Australian Institute for Bioengineering and Nanotechnology, The University of Queensland , QLD , Australia.,e ARC Training Centre for Biopharmaceutical Innovation, Australian Institute for Bioengineering and Nanotechnology, The University of Queensland , St Lucia , QLD , Australia
| | | | - Geoffrey W Osborne
- e ARC Training Centre for Biopharmaceutical Innovation, Australian Institute for Bioengineering and Nanotechnology, The University of Queensland , St Lucia , QLD , Australia
| | - Yann Gambin
- f Single Molecule Science, Lowy Cancer Research Centre, The University of New South Wales , Sydney , NSW , Australia
| | - Emma Sierecki
- f Single Molecule Science, Lowy Cancer Research Centre, The University of New South Wales , Sydney , NSW , Australia
| | - Martina L Jones
- e ARC Training Centre for Biopharmaceutical Innovation, Australian Institute for Bioengineering and Nanotechnology, The University of Queensland , St Lucia , QLD , Australia
| | - Johannes Zuegg
- a Institute for Molecular Bioscience, The University of Queensland , Brisbane , Australia
| | - Stephen Mahler
- b Australian Institute for Bioengineering and Nanotechnology, The University of Queensland , QLD , Australia.,e ARC Training Centre for Biopharmaceutical Innovation, Australian Institute for Bioengineering and Nanotechnology, The University of Queensland , St Lucia , QLD , Australia
| | - Mathias Francois
- a Institute for Molecular Bioscience, The University of Queensland , Brisbane , Australia
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224
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Butler MS, Roshan-Moniri M, Hsing M, Lau D, Kim A, Yen P, Mroczek M, Nouri M, Lien S, Axerio-Cilies P, Dalal K, Yau C, Ghaidi F, Guo Y, Yamazaki T, Lawn S, Gleave ME, Gregory-Evans CY, McIntosh LP, Cox ME, Rennie PS, Cherkasov A. Discovery and characterization of small molecules targeting the DNA-binding ETS domain of ERG in prostate cancer. Oncotarget 2018; 8:42438-42454. [PMID: 28465491 PMCID: PMC5522078 DOI: 10.18632/oncotarget.17124] [Citation(s) in RCA: 29] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/29/2016] [Accepted: 04/04/2017] [Indexed: 12/23/2022] Open
Abstract
Genomic alterations involving translocations of the ETS-related gene ERG occur in approximately half of prostate cancer cases. These alterations result in aberrant, androgen-regulated production of ERG protein variants that directly contribute to disease development and progression. This study describes the discovery and characterization of a new class of small molecule ERG antagonists identified through rational in silico methods. These antagonists are designed to sterically block DNA binding by the ETS domain of ERG and thereby disrupt transcriptional activity. We confirmed the direct binding of a lead compound, VPC-18005, with the ERG-ETS domain using biophysical approaches. We then demonstrated VPC-18005 reduced migration and invasion rates of ERG expressing prostate cancer cells, and reduced metastasis in a zebrafish xenograft model. These results demonstrate proof-of-principal that small molecule targeting of the ERG-ETS domain can suppress transcriptional activity and reverse transformed characteristics of prostate cancers aberrantly expressing ERG. Clinical advancement of the developed small molecule inhibitors may provide new therapeutic agents for use as alternatives to, or in combination with, current therapies for men with ERG-expressing metastatic castration-resistant prostate cancer.
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Affiliation(s)
- Miriam S Butler
- Vancouver Prostate Centre and the Department of Urologic Sciences, University of British Columbia, Vancouver, BC V6H 3Z6, Canada
| | - Mani Roshan-Moniri
- Vancouver Prostate Centre and the Department of Urologic Sciences, University of British Columbia, Vancouver, BC V6H 3Z6, Canada
| | - Michael Hsing
- Vancouver Prostate Centre and the Department of Urologic Sciences, University of British Columbia, Vancouver, BC V6H 3Z6, Canada
| | - Desmond Lau
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, Department of Chemistry, Michael Smith Laboratories, University of British Columbia, Vancouver, BC V6T 1Z3, Canada
| | - Ari Kim
- Vancouver Prostate Centre and the Department of Urologic Sciences, University of British Columbia, Vancouver, BC V6H 3Z6, Canada
| | - Paul Yen
- Vancouver Prostate Centre and the Department of Urologic Sciences, University of British Columbia, Vancouver, BC V6H 3Z6, Canada
| | - Marta Mroczek
- Vancouver Prostate Centre and the Department of Urologic Sciences, University of British Columbia, Vancouver, BC V6H 3Z6, Canada
| | - Mannan Nouri
- Vancouver Prostate Centre and the Department of Urologic Sciences, University of British Columbia, Vancouver, BC V6H 3Z6, Canada
| | - Scott Lien
- Vancouver Prostate Centre and the Department of Urologic Sciences, University of British Columbia, Vancouver, BC V6H 3Z6, Canada
| | - Peter Axerio-Cilies
- Vancouver Prostate Centre and the Department of Urologic Sciences, University of British Columbia, Vancouver, BC V6H 3Z6, Canada
| | - Kush Dalal
- Vancouver Prostate Centre and the Department of Urologic Sciences, University of British Columbia, Vancouver, BC V6H 3Z6, Canada
| | - Clement Yau
- Vancouver Prostate Centre and the Department of Urologic Sciences, University of British Columbia, Vancouver, BC V6H 3Z6, Canada
| | - Fariba Ghaidi
- Vancouver Prostate Centre and the Department of Urologic Sciences, University of British Columbia, Vancouver, BC V6H 3Z6, Canada
| | - Yubin Guo
- Vancouver Prostate Centre and the Department of Urologic Sciences, University of British Columbia, Vancouver, BC V6H 3Z6, Canada
| | - Takeshi Yamazaki
- Vancouver Prostate Centre and the Department of Urologic Sciences, University of British Columbia, Vancouver, BC V6H 3Z6, Canada
| | - Sam Lawn
- Vancouver Prostate Centre and the Department of Urologic Sciences, University of British Columbia, Vancouver, BC V6H 3Z6, Canada
| | - Martin E Gleave
- Vancouver Prostate Centre and the Department of Urologic Sciences, University of British Columbia, Vancouver, BC V6H 3Z6, Canada
| | - Cheryl Y Gregory-Evans
- Department of Ophthalmology and Visual Sciences, Eye Care Centre, University of British Columbia, Vancouver, BC V5Z 3N9, Canada
| | - Lawrence P McIntosh
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, Department of Chemistry, Michael Smith Laboratories, University of British Columbia, Vancouver, BC V6T 1Z3, Canada
| | - Michael E Cox
- Vancouver Prostate Centre and the Department of Urologic Sciences, University of British Columbia, Vancouver, BC V6H 3Z6, Canada
| | - Paul S Rennie
- Vancouver Prostate Centre and the Department of Urologic Sciences, University of British Columbia, Vancouver, BC V6H 3Z6, Canada
| | - Artem Cherkasov
- Vancouver Prostate Centre and the Department of Urologic Sciences, University of British Columbia, Vancouver, BC V6H 3Z6, Canada
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225
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Stelma T, Leaner VD. KPNB1-mediated nuclear import is required for motility and inflammatory transcription factor activity in cervical cancer cells. Oncotarget 2018; 8:32833-32847. [PMID: 28427184 PMCID: PMC5464831 DOI: 10.18632/oncotarget.15834] [Citation(s) in RCA: 16] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/18/2016] [Accepted: 02/07/2017] [Indexed: 12/14/2022] Open
Abstract
Karyopherin β1 is a nuclear import protein involved in the transport of proteins containing a nuclear localisation sequence. Elevated Karyopherin β1 expression has been reported in cancer and transformed cells and is essential for cancer cell proliferation and survival. Transcription factors such as NFĸB and AP-1 contain a nuclear localisation sequence and initiate the expression of multiple factors associated with inflammation and cancer cell biology. Our study investigated the effect of inhibiting nuclear import via Karyopherin β1 on cancer cell motility and inflammatory signaling using siRNA and the novel small molecule, Inhibitor of Nuclear Import-43, INI-43. Inhibition of Karyopherin β1 led to reduced migration and invasion of cervical cancer cells. Karyopherin β1 is essential for the translocation of NFĸB into the nucleus as nuclear import inhibition caused its cytoplasmic retention and decreased transcriptional activity. A similar decrease was seen in AP-1 transcriptional activity upon Karyopherin β1 inhibition. Consequently reduced interleukin-6, interleukin-1 beta, tumour necrosis factor alpha and granulocyte macrophage colony stimulating factor expression, target genes of NFkB and AP-1, was observed. Migration studies inhibiting individual transcription factors suggested that INI-43 may affect a combination of signaling events. Our study provides further evidence that inhibiting KPNB1 has anti-cancer effects and shows promise as a chemotherapeutic target.
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Affiliation(s)
- Tamara Stelma
- Division of Medical Biochemistry and Structural Biology, SAMRC Gynaecology Cancer Research Centre, Department of Integrative Biomedical Sciences, Faculty of Health Sciences, Institute of Infectious Diseases and Molecular Medicine, University of Cape Town, Cape Town, South Africa
| | - Virna D Leaner
- Division of Medical Biochemistry and Structural Biology, SAMRC Gynaecology Cancer Research Centre, Department of Integrative Biomedical Sciences, Faculty of Health Sciences, Institute of Infectious Diseases and Molecular Medicine, University of Cape Town, Cape Town, South Africa
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226
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Aksam VKMD, Chandrasekaran VM, Pandurangan S. Cancer drug target identification and node-level analysis of the network of MAPK pathways. ACTA ACUST UNITED AC 2018. [DOI: 10.1007/s13721-018-0165-1] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/21/2022]
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227
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Ruiz García Y, Pabon-Martinez YV, Smith CIE, Madder A. Specific dsDNA recognition by a mimic of the DNA binding domain of the c-Myc/Max transcription factor. Chem Commun (Camb) 2018; 53:6653-6656. [PMID: 28585621 DOI: 10.1039/c7cc01705g] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/13/2022]
Abstract
We here report on the synthesis of the first mimic of the DNA binding domain of the c-Myc/Max-bHLH-ZIP transcription factor able to selectively recognize its cognate E-box sequence 5'-CACGTG-3' through the major groove of the double-stranded DNA. The designed peptidosteroid conjugate was shown to be effective as DNA binder in the presence of excess competitor DNA.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yara Ruiz García
- Organic and Biomimetic Chemistry Research Group, Department of Organic and Macromolecular Chemistry, Ghent University, Krijgslaan 281, S4, B-9000, Gent, Belgium.
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228
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Abstract
Abnormally activated RAS proteins are the main oncogenic driver that governs the functioning of major signaling pathways involved in the initiation and development of human malignancies. Mutations in RAS genes and or its regulators, most frequent in human cancers, are the main force for incessant RAS activation and associated pathological conditions including cancer. In general, RAS is the main upstream regulator of the highly conserved signaling mechanisms associated with a plethora of important cellular activities vital for normal homeostasis. Mutated or the oncogenic RAS aberrantly activates a web of interconnected signaling pathways including RAF-MEK (mitogen-activated protein kinase kinase)-ERK (extracellular signal-regulated kinase), phosphoinositide-3 kinase (PI3K)/AKT (protein kinase B), protein kinase C (PKC) and ral guanine nucleotide dissociation stimulator (RALGDS), etc., leading to uncontrolled transcriptional expression and reprogramming in the functioning of a range of nuclear and cytosolic effectors critically associated with the hallmarks of carcinogenesis. This review highlights the recent literature on how oncogenic RAS negatively use its signaling web in deregulating the expression and functioning of various effector molecules in the pathogenesis of human malignancies.
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229
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Functional TRIM24 degrader via conjugation of ineffectual bromodomain and VHL ligands. Nat Chem Biol 2018; 14:405-412. [PMID: 29507391 PMCID: PMC5866761 DOI: 10.1038/s41589-018-0010-y] [Citation(s) in RCA: 163] [Impact Index Per Article: 27.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/29/2017] [Accepted: 01/05/2018] [Indexed: 01/17/2023]
Abstract
The addressable pocket of a protein is often not functionally relevant in disease. This is true for the multidomain, bromodomain-containing transcriptional regulator TRIM24. TRIM24 has been posited as a dependency in numerous cancers, yet potent and selective ligands for the TRIM24 bromodomain do not exert effective anti-proliferative responses. We therefore repositioned these probes as targeting features for heterobifunctional protein degraders. Recruitment of the VHL E3 ubiquitin ligase by dTRIM24 elicits potent and selective degradation of TRIM24. Using dTRIM24 to probe TRIM24 function, we characterize the dynamic genome-wide consequences of TRIM24 loss on chromatin localization and gene control. Further, we identify TRIM24 as a novel dependency in acute leukemia. Pairwise study of TRIM24 degradation versus bromodomain inhibition reveals enhanced anti-proliferative response from degradation. We offer dTRIM24 as a chemical probe of an emerging cancer dependency, and establish a path forward for numerous selective yet ineffectual ligands for proteins of therapeutic interest.
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230
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Misra SK, Kampert TL, Pan D. Nano-Assembly of Pamitoyl-Bioconjugated Coenzyme-A for Combinatorial Chemo-Biologics in Transcriptional Therapy. Bioconjug Chem 2018; 29:1419-1427. [PMID: 29466855 DOI: 10.1021/acs.bioconjchem.8b00117] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/12/2022]
Abstract
Pathogenesis, the biological mechanism that leads to the diseased state, of many cancers is driven by interruptions to the role of Myc oncoprotein, a regulator protein that codes for a transcription factor. One of the most significant biological interruptions to Myc protein is noted as its dimerization with Max protein, another important factor of family of transcription factors. Binding of this heterodimer to E-Boxes, enhancer boxes as DNA response element found in some eukaryotes that act as a protein-binding site and have been found to regulate gene expression, are interrupted to regulate cancer pathogenesis. The systemic effectiveness of potent small molecule inhibitors of Myc-Max dimerization has been limited by poor bioavailability, rapid metabolism, and inadequate target site penetration. The potential of gene therapy for targeting Myc can be fully realized by successful synthesis of a smart cargo. We developed a "nuclein" type nanoparticle "siNozyme" (45 ± 5 nm) from nanoassembly of pamitoyl-bioconjugated acetyl coenzyme-A for stable incorporation of chemotherapeutics and biologics to achieve remarkable growth inhibition of human melanoma. Results indicated that targeting transcriptional gene cMyc with siRNA with codelivery of a topoisomerase inhibitor, amonafide caused ∼90% growth inhibition and 95% protein inhibition.
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Affiliation(s)
- Santosh K Misra
- Department of Bioengineering; Beckman Institute of Advanced Science and Technology, Department of Materials Science and Engineering , University of Illinois at Urbana-Champaign , Urbana , Illinois 61801 , United States.,Mills Breast Cancer Institute, Carle Foundation Hospital , 502 North Busey , Urbana , Illinois , 61801 , United States
| | - Taylor L Kampert
- Department of Bioengineering; Beckman Institute of Advanced Science and Technology, Department of Materials Science and Engineering , University of Illinois at Urbana-Champaign , Urbana , Illinois 61801 , United States.,Mills Breast Cancer Institute, Carle Foundation Hospital , 502 North Busey , Urbana , Illinois , 61801 , United States
| | - Dipanjan Pan
- Department of Bioengineering; Beckman Institute of Advanced Science and Technology, Department of Materials Science and Engineering , University of Illinois at Urbana-Champaign , Urbana , Illinois 61801 , United States.,Mills Breast Cancer Institute, Carle Foundation Hospital , 502 North Busey , Urbana , Illinois , 61801 , United States
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231
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Noman MAA, Hossain T, Ahsan M, Jamshidi S, Hasan CM, Rahman KM. Crispenes F and G, cis-Clerodane Furanoditerpenoids from Tinospora crispa, Inhibit STAT3 Dimerization. JOURNAL OF NATURAL PRODUCTS 2018; 81:236-242. [PMID: 29397715 DOI: 10.1021/acs.jnatprod.7b00377] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/07/2023]
Abstract
Two new cis-clerodane-type furanoditerpenes, crispenes F and G (1 and 2), together with seven known compounds, were isolated from the stems of Tinospora crispa. Crispenes F and G (1 and 2) inhibited STAT3 dimerization in a cell-free fluorescent polarization assay and were found to have significant cytotoxicity against a STAT3-dependent MDA-MB 231 breast cancer cell line, while being inactive in a STAT3-null A4 cell line. These two compounds share structural similarities with a previously reported STAT3 inhibitor, crispene E, isolated from the same plant. Molecular docking studies suggested that the molecules inhibit STAT3 by interacting with its SH2 domain.
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Affiliation(s)
- Md Abdullah Al Noman
- Department of Pharmaceutical Chemistry, University of Dhaka , Dhaka-1000, Bangladesh
| | - Tasnova Hossain
- Department of Pharmaceutical Chemistry, University of Dhaka , Dhaka-1000, Bangladesh
| | - Monira Ahsan
- Department of Pharmaceutical Chemistry, University of Dhaka , Dhaka-1000, Bangladesh
| | - Shirin Jamshidi
- School of Cancer and Pharmaceutical Science, King's College London , 150 Stamford Street, London SE1 9NH, U.K
| | | | - Khondaker Miraz Rahman
- School of Cancer and Pharmaceutical Science, King's College London , 150 Stamford Street, London SE1 9NH, U.K
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232
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PClass: Protein Quaternary Structure Classification by Using Bootstrapping Strategy as Model Selection. Genes (Basel) 2018; 9:genes9020091. [PMID: 29443925 PMCID: PMC5852587 DOI: 10.3390/genes9020091] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/21/2017] [Revised: 01/24/2018] [Accepted: 02/08/2018] [Indexed: 01/26/2023] Open
Abstract
Protein quaternary structure complex is also known as a multimer, which plays an important role in a cell. The dimer structure of transcription factors is involved in gene regulation, but the trimer structure of virus-infection-associated glycoproteins is related to the human immunodeficiency virus. The classification of the protein quaternary structure complex for the post-genome era of proteomics research will be of great help. Classification systems among protein quaternary structures have not been widely developed. Therefore, we designed the architecture of a two-layer machine learning technique in this study, and developed the classification system PClass. The protein quaternary structure of the complex is divided into five categories, namely, monomer, dimer, trimer, tetramer, and other subunit classes. In the framework of the bootstrap method with a support vector machine, we propose a new model selection method. Each type of complex is classified based on sequences, entropy, and accessible surface area, thereby generating a plurality of feature modules. Subsequently, the optimal model of effectiveness is selected as each kind of complex feature module. In this stage, the optimal performance can reach as high as 70% of Matthews correlation coefficient (MCC). The second layer of construction combines the first-layer module to integrate mechanisms and the use of six machine learning methods to improve the prediction performance. This system can be improved over 10% in MCC. Finally, we analyzed the performance of our classification system using transcription factors in dimer structure and virus-infection-associated glycoprotein in trimer structure. PClass is available via a web interface at http://predictor.nchu.edu.tw/PClass/.
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233
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Shah NG, Trivedi TI, Tankshali RA, Goswami JA, Jetly DH, Kobawala TP, Shukla SN, Shah PM, Verma RJ. Stat3 Expression in Oral Squamous Cell Carcinoma: Association with Clinicopathological Parameters and Survival. Int J Biol Markers 2018; 21:175-83. [PMID: 17013800 DOI: 10.1177/172460080602100307] [Citation(s) in RCA: 28] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/15/2022]
Abstract
The present study sought to explore the occurrence of signal transducer and activator of transcription 3 (Stat3) in patients with oral squamous cell carcinoma (n=135) and its potential relationship with clinicopathological parameters and survival. Stat3 expression was studied by immunohistochemistry. Cytoplasmic or nuclear localization of Stat3 was observed in 62% of patients, whereas only nuclear Stat3 expression was found in 44%. Stat3 positivity in early-stage patients was 45% compared to 79% in advanced-stage patients. However, early-stage Stat3-positive patients showed a gradual increase in staining intensity, with intense staining seen in 52% of the tumors compared to 18% in Stat3-positive advanced-stage patients, where a gradual decrease in intensity expression was observed (p=0.001). Stat3 showed a significant positive correlation with disease stage (p=0.001), nodal status (p=0.033) and tumor size (p=0.001). Multivariate survival analysis using the Cox proportional hazard regression model showed that nuclear Stat3 was a significant independent prognosticator for both relapse-free survival (p=0.014) and overall survival (p=0.042) in early-stage patients. Our results indicated that Stat3 activation is an early event in oral squamous cell carcinoma and represents a potential risk factor for poor prognosis in early-stage patients.
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Affiliation(s)
- N G Shah
- Division of Molecular Endocrinology, Gujarat Cancer and Research Institute, Asarwa, Ahmedabad, India.
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234
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Abstract
In-depth analysis of molecular regulatory networks in cancer holds the promise of improved knowledge of the pathophysiology of tumor cells so that it will become possible to design a detailed molecular tumor taxonomy. This knowledge will also offer new opportunities for the identification and validation of key molecular tumor targets to be exploited for novel therapeutic approaches. Some signaling proteins have already been identified as such, e.g. c-Myc, Cyclin D1, Bcl-XL, kinases and some nuclear receptors. This has led to the successful development of a few function-modulatory drugs (Glivec, SERM, Iressa), providing proof-of-principle of the validity of this approach. Further developments are likely to derive from “-omic” approaches, aimed at the understanding of signaling networks and of the mechanism of action of newfound lead molecules. High-throughput screening of small drug-like molecules from combinatorial chemical libraries or from microbial extracts will identify novel, “intelligent” drug candidates. An additional medicinal chemistry strategy (via 40–50 unit rosary-bead chains) has the potential to be much more effective than small molecules in interfering with protein-protein interactions. This may lead to considerably higher selectivity and effectiveness compared with historical approaches in drug discovery.
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Affiliation(s)
- S Alberti
- Laboratory of Experimental Oncology, Department of Cell Biology and Oncology, Mario Negri Institute-Consorzio Mario Negri Sud, Santa Maria Imbaro (CH), Italy.
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235
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Liu Y, Chen X, Cheng R, Yang F, Yu M, Wang C, Cui S, Hong Y, Liang H, Liu M, Zhao C, Ding M, Sun W, Liu Z, Sun F, Zhang C, Zhou Z, Jiang X, Chen X. The Jun/miR-22/HuR regulatory axis contributes to tumourigenesis in colorectal cancer. Mol Cancer 2018; 17:11. [PMID: 29351796 PMCID: PMC5775639 DOI: 10.1186/s12943-017-0751-3] [Citation(s) in RCA: 93] [Impact Index Per Article: 15.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/01/2017] [Accepted: 12/26/2017] [Indexed: 12/11/2022] Open
Abstract
Background Colorectal cancer (CRC) is a severe health problem worldwide. Clarifying the mechanisms for the deregulation of oncogenes and tumour suppressors in CRC is vital for its diagnosis, treatment, prognosis and prevention. Hu antigen R (HuR), which is highly upregulated in CRC, functions as a pivotal oncogene to promote CRC progression. However, the underlying cause of its dysregulation is poorly understood. Methods In CRC tissue sample pairs, HuR protein levels were measured by Western blot and immunohistochemical (IHC) staining, respectively. HuR mRNA levels were also monitored by qRT-PCR. Combining meta-analysis and microRNA (miRNA) target prediction software, we predicted miRNAs that targeted HuR. Pull-down assay, Western blot and luciferase assay were utilized to demonstrate the direct binding of miR-22 on HuR’s 3’-UTR. The biological effects of HuR and miR-22 were investigated both in vitro by CCK-8, EdU and Transwell assays and in vivo by a xenograft mice model. JASPAR and SABiosciences were used to predict transcriptional factors that could affect miR-22. Luciferase assay was used to explore the validity of putative Jun binding sites for miR-22 regulation. ChIP assay was performed to test the Jun’s occupancy on the C17orf91 promoter. Results We observed a significant upregulation of HuR in CRC tissue pairs and confirmed the oncogenic function of HuR both in vitro and in vivo. We found that an important tumour-suppressive miRNA, miR-22, was significantly downregulated in CRC tissues and inversely correlated with HuR in both CRC tissues and CRC cell lines. We demonstrated that miR-22 directly bound to the 3’-UTR of HuR and led to inhibition of HuR protein, which repressed CRC proliferation and migration in vitro and decelerated CRC xenografted tumour growth in vivo. Furthermore, we found that the onco-transcription factor Jun could inhibit the transcription of miR-22. Conclusions Our findings highlight the critical roles of the Jun/miR-22/HuR regulatory axis in CRC progression and may provide attractive potential targets for CRC prevention and treatment. Electronic supplementary material The online version of this article (10.1186/s12943-017-0751-3) contains supplementary material, which is available to authorized users.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yanqing Liu
- State Key Laboratory of Pharmaceutical Biotechnology, Collaborative Innovation Center of Chemistry for Life Sciences, Jiangsu Engineering Research Center for MicroRNA Biology and Biotechnology, NJU Advanced Institute for Life Sciences (NAILS), School of Life Sciences, Nanjing University, Nanjing, Jiangsu, 210046, China
| | - Xiaorui Chen
- State Key Laboratory of Pharmaceutical Biotechnology, Collaborative Innovation Center of Chemistry for Life Sciences, Jiangsu Engineering Research Center for MicroRNA Biology and Biotechnology, NJU Advanced Institute for Life Sciences (NAILS), School of Life Sciences, Nanjing University, Nanjing, Jiangsu, 210046, China
| | - Rongjie Cheng
- State Key Laboratory of Pharmaceutical Biotechnology, Collaborative Innovation Center of Chemistry for Life Sciences, Jiangsu Engineering Research Center for MicroRNA Biology and Biotechnology, NJU Advanced Institute for Life Sciences (NAILS), School of Life Sciences, Nanjing University, Nanjing, Jiangsu, 210046, China
| | - Fei Yang
- State Key Laboratory of Pharmaceutical Biotechnology, Collaborative Innovation Center of Chemistry for Life Sciences, Jiangsu Engineering Research Center for MicroRNA Biology and Biotechnology, NJU Advanced Institute for Life Sciences (NAILS), School of Life Sciences, Nanjing University, Nanjing, Jiangsu, 210046, China
| | - Mengchao Yu
- State Key Laboratory of Pharmaceutical Biotechnology, Collaborative Innovation Center of Chemistry for Life Sciences, Jiangsu Engineering Research Center for MicroRNA Biology and Biotechnology, NJU Advanced Institute for Life Sciences (NAILS), School of Life Sciences, Nanjing University, Nanjing, Jiangsu, 210046, China
| | - Chen Wang
- State Key Laboratory of Pharmaceutical Biotechnology, Collaborative Innovation Center of Chemistry for Life Sciences, Jiangsu Engineering Research Center for MicroRNA Biology and Biotechnology, NJU Advanced Institute for Life Sciences (NAILS), School of Life Sciences, Nanjing University, Nanjing, Jiangsu, 210046, China
| | - Shufang Cui
- State Key Laboratory of Pharmaceutical Biotechnology, Collaborative Innovation Center of Chemistry for Life Sciences, Jiangsu Engineering Research Center for MicroRNA Biology and Biotechnology, NJU Advanced Institute for Life Sciences (NAILS), School of Life Sciences, Nanjing University, Nanjing, Jiangsu, 210046, China
| | - Yeting Hong
- State Key Laboratory of Pharmaceutical Biotechnology, Collaborative Innovation Center of Chemistry for Life Sciences, Jiangsu Engineering Research Center for MicroRNA Biology and Biotechnology, NJU Advanced Institute for Life Sciences (NAILS), School of Life Sciences, Nanjing University, Nanjing, Jiangsu, 210046, China
| | - Hongwei Liang
- State Key Laboratory of Pharmaceutical Biotechnology, Collaborative Innovation Center of Chemistry for Life Sciences, Jiangsu Engineering Research Center for MicroRNA Biology and Biotechnology, NJU Advanced Institute for Life Sciences (NAILS), School of Life Sciences, Nanjing University, Nanjing, Jiangsu, 210046, China
| | - Minghui Liu
- State Key Laboratory of Pharmaceutical Biotechnology, Collaborative Innovation Center of Chemistry for Life Sciences, Jiangsu Engineering Research Center for MicroRNA Biology and Biotechnology, NJU Advanced Institute for Life Sciences (NAILS), School of Life Sciences, Nanjing University, Nanjing, Jiangsu, 210046, China
| | - Chihao Zhao
- State Key Laboratory of Pharmaceutical Biotechnology, Collaborative Innovation Center of Chemistry for Life Sciences, Jiangsu Engineering Research Center for MicroRNA Biology and Biotechnology, NJU Advanced Institute for Life Sciences (NAILS), School of Life Sciences, Nanjing University, Nanjing, Jiangsu, 210046, China
| | - Meng Ding
- State Key Laboratory of Pharmaceutical Biotechnology, Collaborative Innovation Center of Chemistry for Life Sciences, Jiangsu Engineering Research Center for MicroRNA Biology and Biotechnology, NJU Advanced Institute for Life Sciences (NAILS), School of Life Sciences, Nanjing University, Nanjing, Jiangsu, 210046, China
| | - Wu Sun
- Tianjin Medical University Cancer Institute and Hospital, National Clinical Research Center of Cancer, Key Laboratory of Cancer Prevention and Therapy, Tianjin, 300060, China
| | - Zhijian Liu
- Department of Gastrointestinal Surgery, Nanjing Drum Tower Hospital, The Affiliated Hospital of Nanjing University Medical School, Nanjing, Jiangsu, 210008, China
| | - Feng Sun
- Department of Gastrointestinal Surgery, Nanjing Drum Tower Hospital, The Affiliated Hospital of Nanjing University Medical School, Nanjing, Jiangsu, 210008, China
| | - Chenyu Zhang
- State Key Laboratory of Pharmaceutical Biotechnology, Collaborative Innovation Center of Chemistry for Life Sciences, Jiangsu Engineering Research Center for MicroRNA Biology and Biotechnology, NJU Advanced Institute for Life Sciences (NAILS), School of Life Sciences, Nanjing University, Nanjing, Jiangsu, 210046, China
| | - Zhen Zhou
- State Key Laboratory of Pharmaceutical Biotechnology, Collaborative Innovation Center of Chemistry for Life Sciences, Jiangsu Engineering Research Center for MicroRNA Biology and Biotechnology, NJU Advanced Institute for Life Sciences (NAILS), School of Life Sciences, Nanjing University, Nanjing, Jiangsu, 210046, China.
| | - Xiaohong Jiang
- State Key Laboratory of Pharmaceutical Biotechnology, Collaborative Innovation Center of Chemistry for Life Sciences, Jiangsu Engineering Research Center for MicroRNA Biology and Biotechnology, NJU Advanced Institute for Life Sciences (NAILS), School of Life Sciences, Nanjing University, Nanjing, Jiangsu, 210046, China.
| | - Xi Chen
- State Key Laboratory of Pharmaceutical Biotechnology, Collaborative Innovation Center of Chemistry for Life Sciences, Jiangsu Engineering Research Center for MicroRNA Biology and Biotechnology, NJU Advanced Institute for Life Sciences (NAILS), School of Life Sciences, Nanjing University, Nanjing, Jiangsu, 210046, China.
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Widen JC, Kempema AM, Baur JW, Skopec HM, Edwards JT, Brown TJ, Brown DA, Meece FA, Harki DA. Helenalin Analogues Targeting NF-κB p65: Thiol Reactivity and Cellular Potency Studies of Varied Electrophiles. ChemMedChem 2018; 13:303-311. [PMID: 29349898 DOI: 10.1002/cmdc.201700752] [Citation(s) in RCA: 16] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/04/2017] [Revised: 12/20/2017] [Indexed: 12/13/2022]
Abstract
Helenalin is a pseudoguaianolide natural product that targets Cys38 within the DNA binding domain of NF-κB transcription factor p65 (RelA). Helenalin contains two Michael acceptors that covalently modify cysteines: a α-methylene-γ-butyrolactone and a cyclopentenone. We recently reported two simplified helenalin analogues that mimic the biological activity of helenalin and contain both electrophilic moieties. To determine the individual contributions of the Michael acceptors toward NF-κB inhibition, we synthesized a small library of helenalin-based analogues containing various combinations of α-methylene-γ-butyrolactones and cyclopentenones. The kinetics of thiol addition to a subset of the analogues was measured to determine the relative thiol reactivities of the embedded electrophiles. Additionally, the cellular NF-κB inhibitory activities of the analogues were determined to elucidate the contributions of each Michael acceptor to biological potency. Our studies suggest the α-methylene-γ-butyrolactone contributes most significantly to the NF-κB inhibition of our simplified helenalin analogues.
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Affiliation(s)
- John C Widen
- Department of Medicinal Chemistry, University of Minnesota, 2231 6th Street S.E., Minneapolis, MN, 55455, USA
| | - Aaron M Kempema
- Department of Medicinal Chemistry, University of Minnesota, 2231 6th Street S.E., Minneapolis, MN, 55455, USA
| | - Jordan W Baur
- Department of Medicinal Chemistry, University of Minnesota, 2231 6th Street S.E., Minneapolis, MN, 55455, USA
| | - Hannah M Skopec
- Department of Medicinal Chemistry, University of Minnesota, 2231 6th Street S.E., Minneapolis, MN, 55455, USA
| | - Jacob T Edwards
- Department of Medicinal Chemistry, University of Minnesota, 2231 6th Street S.E., Minneapolis, MN, 55455, USA
| | - Tenley J Brown
- Department of Medicinal Chemistry, University of Minnesota, 2231 6th Street S.E., Minneapolis, MN, 55455, USA
| | - Dennis A Brown
- Department of Medicinal Chemistry, University of Minnesota, 2231 6th Street S.E., Minneapolis, MN, 55455, USA
| | - Frederick A Meece
- Department of Medicinal Chemistry, University of Minnesota, 2231 6th Street S.E., Minneapolis, MN, 55455, USA
| | - Daniel A Harki
- Department of Medicinal Chemistry, University of Minnesota, 2231 6th Street S.E., Minneapolis, MN, 55455, USA
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237
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Xu Y, Gu S, Bi Y, Qi X, Yan Y, Lou M. Transcription factor PU.1 is involved in the progression of glioma. Oncol Lett 2018; 15:3753-3759. [PMID: 29467892 PMCID: PMC5795926 DOI: 10.3892/ol.2018.7766] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/20/2017] [Accepted: 01/03/2018] [Indexed: 01/04/2023] Open
Abstract
Glioma is a severe disease of the central nervous system. Although previous studies have identified the important role of the immune response in association with tumor intervention, it is still unknown whether PU.1, a transcription factor known for its role in myeloid differentiation and immune responses, is involved in the progression of glioma. In the present study, we found a significant increase in SPI1, the gene that encodes PU.1, in samples from patients with glioma. Through genotype-phenotype association analysis several candidate factors that may mediate the role of PU.1 in glioma were identified. To further validate the association between PU.1 and glioma we found that the expression of BTK, a potential target of PU.1, was also upregulated in patients with glioma. We also demonstrated that various biological pathways could be involved in PU.1-associated glioma by analyzing these potential targets in the Reactome database. These results provide evidence that PU.1 could serve a role in the progress of glioma through its transcriptional targets in multiple signaling pathways. Therefore, in addition to its role in hematopoietic linage development and leukemia, PU.1 appears to be involved in the regulation of glioma and potentially in other malignant cancers.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yuanzhi Xu
- Department of Neurosurgery, Shanghai First People's Hospital, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, School of Medicine, Shanghai 200080, P.R. China
| | - Song Gu
- Department of Neurosurgery, The First Affiliated Hospital of Anhui Medical University, Hefei, Anhui 230022, P.R. China
| | - Yunke Bi
- Department of Neurosurgery, Shanghai First People's Hospital, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, School of Medicine, Shanghai 200080, P.R. China
| | - Xiangqian Qi
- Department of Neurosurgery, Shanghai First People's Hospital, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, School of Medicine, Shanghai 200080, P.R. China
| | - Yujin Yan
- Department of Neurosurgery, The Affiliated Hospital of Medical School of Ningbo University, Ningbo, Zhejiang 315020, P.R. China
| | - Meiqing Lou
- Department of Neurosurgery, Shanghai First People's Hospital, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, School of Medicine, Shanghai 200080, P.R. China
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238
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Rajagopal C, Lankadasari MB, Aranjani JM, Harikumar KB. Targeting oncogenic transcription factors by polyphenols: A novel approach for cancer therapy. Pharmacol Res 2018; 130:273-291. [PMID: 29305909 DOI: 10.1016/j.phrs.2017.12.034] [Citation(s) in RCA: 81] [Impact Index Per Article: 13.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/31/2017] [Revised: 11/30/2017] [Accepted: 12/31/2017] [Indexed: 02/06/2023]
Abstract
Inflammation is one of the major causative factor of cancer and chronic inflammation is involved in all the major steps of cancer initiation, progression metastasis and drug resistance. The molecular mechanism of inflammation driven cancer is the complex interplay between oncogenic and tumor suppressive transcription factors which include FOXM1, NF-kB, STAT3, Wnt/β- Catenin, HIF-1α, NRF2, androgen and estrogen receptors. Several products derived from natural sources modulate the expression and activity of multiple transcription factors in various tumor models as evident from studies conducted in cell lines, pre-clinical models and clinical samples. Further combination of these natural products along with currently approved cancer therapies added an additional advantage and they considered as promising targets for prevention and treatment of inflammation and cancer. In this review we discuss the application of multi-targeting natural products by analyzing the literature and future directions for their plausible applications in drug discovery.
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Affiliation(s)
- Chitra Rajagopal
- Cancer Research Program, Rajiv Gandhi Centre for Biotechnology, Thiruvananthapuram 695014, Kerala, India
| | - Manendra Babu Lankadasari
- Cancer Research Program, Rajiv Gandhi Centre for Biotechnology, Thiruvananthapuram 695014, Kerala, India
| | - Jesil Mathew Aranjani
- Manipal College of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Manipal Academy of Higher Education, Manipal 576104, Karnataka, India
| | - K B Harikumar
- Cancer Research Program, Rajiv Gandhi Centre for Biotechnology, Thiruvananthapuram 695014, Kerala, India.
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239
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Zhao Y, Liu Y. A mechanistic overview of herbal medicine and botanical compounds to target transcriptional factors in Breast cancer. Pharmacol Res 2017; 130:292-302. [PMID: 29292214 DOI: 10.1016/j.phrs.2017.12.027] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/08/2017] [Revised: 11/23/2017] [Accepted: 12/23/2017] [Indexed: 12/28/2022]
Abstract
The abnormalities of transcription factors, such as NF-κB, STAT, estrogen receptor, play a critical role in the initiation and progression of breast cancer. Due to the limitation of current treatment, transcription factors could be promising therapeutic targets, which have received close attention. In this review, we introduced herbal medicines, as well as botanical compounds that had been verified with anti-tumor properties via regulating transcription factors. Herbs, compounds, as well as formulae reported with various transcriptional targets, were summarized thoroughly, to provide implication for the future research on basic experiment and clinical application.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yingke Zhao
- Cardiovascular Diseases Centre, Xiyuan Hospital, China Academy of Chinese Medical Sciences, Beijing, China; School of Chinese Medicine, The University of Hong Kong, Pokfulam, Hong Kong.
| | - Yue Liu
- Cardiovascular Diseases Centre, Xiyuan Hospital, China Academy of Chinese Medical Sciences, Beijing, China.
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240
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Truong VL, Kong AN, Jeong WS. Red Ginseng Oil Inhibits TPA-Induced Transformation of Skin Epidermal JB6 Cells. J Med Food 2017; 21:380-389. [PMID: 29271701 DOI: 10.1089/jmf.2017.4082] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/04/2023] Open
Abstract
Red ginseng oil (RGO) has been shown to possess anti-inflammatory and hepatoprotective activity. In this study, we evaluated the inhibitory effect of RGO on 12-O-tetradecanoylphorbol-13-acetate (TPA)-stimulated neoplastic transformation of JB6 P+ cells. RGO pretreatment abolished the transformation of JB6 P+ cells challenged by TPA. RGO suppressed the transactivation of activator protein-1 (AP-1) and nuclear factor kappa B (NF-κB) transcription factors as well as protein levels of cyclooxygenase-2, cyclin D1, cyclin E, and Bcl-2 in the TPA-treated cells. Additionally, TPA-induced phosphorylations of extracellular signal-regulated kinases, 90 kDa ribosomal S6 kinase 2, c-Jun N-terminal kinases, and glycogen synthase kinase 3β were downregulated in the presence of RGO. Furthermore, RGO induced the nuclear factor erythroid 2-related factor 2 (Nrf2)-mediated antioxidant enzyme heme oxygenase-1 (HO-1) expression, and effectively blocked the overproduction of TPA-induced reactive oxygen species. These results suggest that RGO exerts a potent chemopreventive activity in skin cell model.
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Affiliation(s)
- Van-Long Truong
- 1 Department of Food and Life Sciences, College of BNIT, Inje University , Gimhae, Korea
| | - Ah Ng Kong
- 2 Department of Pharmaceutics, Ernest Mario School of Pharmacy, Rutgers, The State University of New Jersey , Piscataway, New Jersey, USA
| | - Woo-Sik Jeong
- 1 Department of Food and Life Sciences, College of BNIT, Inje University , Gimhae, Korea
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241
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Development of Erasin: a chromone-based STAT3 inhibitor which induces apoptosis in Erlotinib-resistant lung cancer cells. Sci Rep 2017; 7:17390. [PMID: 29234062 PMCID: PMC5727211 DOI: 10.1038/s41598-017-17600-x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/07/2017] [Accepted: 11/28/2017] [Indexed: 12/21/2022] Open
Abstract
Inhibition of protein-protein interactions by small molecules offers tremendous opportunities for basic research and drug development. One of the fundamental challenges of this research field is the broad lack of available lead structures from nature. Here, we demonstrate that modifications of a chromone-based inhibitor of the Src homology 2 (SH2) domain of the transcription factor STAT5 confer inhibitory activity against STAT3. The binding mode of the most potent STAT3 inhibitor Erasin was analyzed by the investigation of structure-activity relationships, which was facilitated by chemical synthesis and biochemical activity analysis, in combination with molecular docking studies. Erasin inhibits tyrosine phosphorylation of STAT3 with selectivity over STAT5 and STAT1 in cell-based assays, and increases the apoptotic rate of cultured NSCLC cells in a STAT3-dependent manner. This ability of Erasin also extends to HCC-827 cells with acquired resistance against Erlotinib, a clinically used inhibitor of the EGF receptor. Our work validates chromone-based acylhydrazones as privileged structures for antagonizing STAT SH2 domains, and demonstrates that apoptosis can be induced in NSCLC cells with acquired Erlotinib resistance by direct inhibition of STAT3.
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242
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Regulation of Androgen Receptor Activity by Transient Interactions of Its Transactivation Domain with General Transcription Regulators. Structure 2017; 26:145-152.e3. [PMID: 29225078 DOI: 10.1016/j.str.2017.11.007] [Citation(s) in RCA: 31] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/01/2017] [Revised: 10/12/2017] [Accepted: 11/10/2017] [Indexed: 11/23/2022]
Abstract
The androgen receptor is a transcription factor that plays a key role in the development of prostate cancer, and its interactions with general transcription regulators are therefore of potential therapeutic interest. The mechanistic basis of these interactions is poorly understood due to the intrinsically disordered nature of the transactivation domain of the androgen receptor and the generally transient nature of the protein-protein interactions that trigger transcription. Here, we identify a motif of the transactivation domain that contributes to transcriptional activity by recruiting the C-terminal domain of subunit 1 of the general transcription regulator TFIIF. These findings provide molecular insights into the regulation of androgen receptor function and suggest strategies for treating castration-resistant prostate cancer.
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243
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Heppler LN, Frank DA. Rare mutations provide unique insight into oncogenic potential of STAT transcription factors. J Clin Invest 2017; 128:113-115. [PMID: 29199995 DOI: 10.1172/jci98619] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/23/2022] Open
Abstract
The inappropriate activation of transcription factors, including STATs, is known to promote tumor initiation and progression. The most common mechanisms of misregulation lead to constitutive activation of WT STATs. However, the recent discovery of rare STAT mutations in hematopoietic malignancies suggests that STAT mutants may be oncogenic. In this issue of the JCI, Pham et al. use a transgenic mouse model to demonstrate that STAT5BN642H is sufficient for the development of T cell neoplasia. This study, along with other studies of constitutively active STAT mutants, provides insight into the pathogenesis and treatment of STAT5-driven cancer.
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244
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Zhang MG, Lee JY, Gallo RA, Tao W, Tse D, Doddapaneni R, Pelaez D. Therapeutic targeting of oncogenic transcription factors by natural products in eye cancer. Pharmacol Res 2017; 129:365-374. [PMID: 29203441 DOI: 10.1016/j.phrs.2017.11.033] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/29/2017] [Revised: 11/15/2017] [Accepted: 11/30/2017] [Indexed: 02/08/2023]
Abstract
Carcinogenesis has a multifactorial etiology, and the underlying molecular pathogenesis is still not entirely understood, especially for eye cancers. Primary malignant intraocular neoplasms are relatively rare, but delayed detection and inappropriate management contribute to poor outcomes. Conventional treatment, such as orbital exenteration, chemotherapy, or radiotherapy, alone results in high mortality for many of these malignancies. Recent sequential multimodal therapy with a combination of high-dose chemotherapy, followed by appropriate surgery, radiotherapy, and additional adjuvant chemotherapy has helped dramatically improve management. Transcription factors are proteins that regulate gene expression by modulating the synthesis of mRNA. Since transcription is a dominant control point in the production of many proteins, transcription factors represent key regulators for numerous cellular functions, including proliferation, differentiation, and apoptosis, making them compelling targets for drug development. Natural compounds have been studied for their potential to be potent yet safe chemotherapeutic drugs. Since the ancient times, plant-derived bioactive molecules have been used to treat dreadful diseases like cancer, and several refined pharmaceutics have been developed from these compounds. Understanding targeting mechanisms of oncogenic transcription factors by natural products can add to our oncologic management toolbox. This review summarizes the current findings of natural products in targeting specific oncogenic transcription factors in various types of eye cancer.
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Affiliation(s)
- Michelle G Zhang
- Dr Nasser Al-Rashid Orbital Vision Research Center, Bascom Palmer Eye Institute, Department of Ophthalmology, University of Miami Miller School of Medicine, Miami, FL, 33136, USA
| | - John Y Lee
- Dr Nasser Al-Rashid Orbital Vision Research Center, Bascom Palmer Eye Institute, Department of Ophthalmology, University of Miami Miller School of Medicine, Miami, FL, 33136, USA
| | - Ryan A Gallo
- Dr Nasser Al-Rashid Orbital Vision Research Center, Bascom Palmer Eye Institute, Department of Ophthalmology, University of Miami Miller School of Medicine, Miami, FL, 33136, USA
| | - Wensi Tao
- Dr Nasser Al-Rashid Orbital Vision Research Center, Bascom Palmer Eye Institute, Department of Ophthalmology, University of Miami Miller School of Medicine, Miami, FL, 33136, USA
| | - David Tse
- Dr Nasser Al-Rashid Orbital Vision Research Center, Bascom Palmer Eye Institute, Department of Ophthalmology, University of Miami Miller School of Medicine, Miami, FL, 33136, USA
| | - Ravi Doddapaneni
- Dr Nasser Al-Rashid Orbital Vision Research Center, Bascom Palmer Eye Institute, Department of Ophthalmology, University of Miami Miller School of Medicine, Miami, FL, 33136, USA.
| | - Daniel Pelaez
- Dr Nasser Al-Rashid Orbital Vision Research Center, Bascom Palmer Eye Institute, Department of Ophthalmology, University of Miami Miller School of Medicine, Miami, FL, 33136, USA; Department of Biomedical Engineering, University of Miami College of Engineering, Coral Gables, FL, 33146, USA.
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245
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Long J, Jiang C, Liu B, Dai Q, Hua R, Chen C, Zhang B, Li H. Maintenance of stemness by miR-589-5p in hepatocellular carcinoma cells promotes chemoresistance via STAT3 signaling. Cancer Lett 2017; 423:113-126. [PMID: 29196128 DOI: 10.1016/j.canlet.2017.11.031] [Citation(s) in RCA: 33] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/01/2017] [Revised: 11/22/2017] [Accepted: 11/25/2017] [Indexed: 12/12/2022]
Abstract
The strength and duration of STAT3 signaling are tightly controlled by multiple negative feedback mechanisms under physical conditions. However, how these serial feedback loops are simultaneously disrupted in cancers, leading to constitutive activation of STAT3 signaling in hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC), remains obscure. Here we report that miR-589-5p is elevated in HCC tissues, which is caused by recurrent gains. Overexpression of miR-589-5p correlates with poor overall and relapse-free survival in HCC patients. Upregulating miR-589-5p enhances spheroid formation ability, fraction of CD133 positive and side population cells, expression of cancer stem cell factors and the mitochondrial potential, and represses the apoptosis induced by doxorubicin in vitro and tumorigenicity in vivo in HCC cells; conversely, silencing miR-589-5p yields an opposite effect. Our findings further demonstrate miR-589-5p promotes the cancer stem cell characteristics and chemoresistance via targeting multiple negative regulators of STAT3 signaling pathway, including SOCS2, SOCS5, PTPN1 and PTPN11, leading to constitutive activation of STAT3 signaling. Collectively, our results unravel a novel mechanism by which miR-589-5p promotes the maintenance of stemness and chemoresistance in HCC, providing a potential rational registry of anti-miR-589-5p combining with conventional chemotherapy against HCC.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jianting Long
- Department of Medicinal Oncology, The First Affiliated Hospital, Sun Yat-Sen University, Guangzhou 510080, China
| | - Chunlin Jiang
- Department of Medical Ultrasonics, Institute of Diagnostic and Interventional Ultrasound, The First Affiliated Hospital, SUN Yat-Sen University, 510080, China
| | - Baoxian Liu
- Department of Medical Ultrasonics, Institute of Diagnostic and Interventional Ultrasound, The First Affiliated Hospital, SUN Yat-Sen University, 510080, China
| | - Qiangsheng Dai
- Department of Medicinal Oncology, The First Affiliated Hospital, Sun Yat-Sen University, Guangzhou 510080, China
| | - Ruixi Hua
- Department of Medicinal Oncology, The First Affiliated Hospital, Sun Yat-Sen University, Guangzhou 510080, China
| | - Cui Chen
- Department of Medicinal Oncology, The First Affiliated Hospital, Sun Yat-Sen University, Guangzhou 510080, China
| | - Bing Zhang
- Department of Nuclear Medicine, The First Affiliated Hospital, SUN Yat-Sen University, 510080, China
| | - Heping Li
- Department of Medicinal Oncology, The First Affiliated Hospital, Sun Yat-Sen University, Guangzhou 510080, China.
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246
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Yang Z, Jiang S, Cheng Y, Li T, Hu W, Ma Z, Chen F, Yang Y. FOXC1 in cancer development and therapy: deciphering its emerging and divergent roles. Ther Adv Med Oncol 2017; 9:797-816. [PMID: 29449899 PMCID: PMC5808840 DOI: 10.1177/1758834017742576] [Citation(s) in RCA: 57] [Impact Index Per Article: 8.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/13/2017] [Accepted: 10/24/2017] [Indexed: 12/12/2022] Open
Abstract
Forkhead box C1 (FOXC1) is an essential member of the forkhead box transcription factors and has been highlighted as an important transcriptional regulator of crucial proteins associated with a wide variety of carcinomas. FOXC1 regulates tumor-associated genes and is regulated by multiple pathways that control its mRNA expression and protein activity. Aberrant FOXC1 expression is involved in diverse tumorigenic processes, such as abnormal cell proliferation, cancer stem cell maintenance, cancer migration, and angiogenesis. Herein, we review the correlation between the expression of FOXC1 and tumor behaviors. We also summarize the mechanisms of the regulation of FOXC1 expression and activity in physiological and pathological conditions. In particular, we focus on the pathological processes of cancer targeted by FOXC1 and discuss whether FOXC1 is good or detrimental during tumor progression. Moreover, FOXC1 is highlighted as a clinical biomarker for diagnosis or prognosis in various human cancers. The information reviewed here should assist in experimental designs and emphasize the potential of FOXC1 as a therapeutic target for cancer.
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Affiliation(s)
- Zhi Yang
- Key Laboratory of Resource Biology and Biotechnology in Western China, Ministry of Education. Faculty of Life Sciences, Northwest University, Xi'an, China Department of Biomedical Engineering, The Fourth Military Medical University, Xi'an, China
| | - Shuai Jiang
- Department of Aerospace Medicine, The Fourth Military Medical University, Xi'an, China
| | - Yicheng Cheng
- Department of Stomatology, Bayi Hospital Affiliated to Nanjing University of Chinese Medicine, Nanjing, Jiangsu, China
| | - Tian Li
- Department of Biomedical Engineering, The Fourth Military Medical University, Xi'an, China
| | - Wei Hu
- Department of Biomedical Engineering, The Fourth Military Medical University, Xi'an, China
| | - Zhiqiang Ma
- Department of Thoracic Surgery, Tangdu Hospital, The Fourth Military Medical University, Xi'an, China
| | - Fulin Chen
- Key Laboratory of Resource Biology and Biotechnology in Western China, Ministry of Education, Faculty of Life Sciences, Northwest University, Xi'an, China
| | - Yang Yang
- Key Laboratory of Resource Biology and Biotechnology in Western China, Ministry of Education, Faculty of Life Sciences, Northwest University, 229 Taibai North Road, Xi'an 710069, China
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247
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Murphy SJ, Kosari F, Karnes RJ, Nasir A, Johnson SH, Gaitatzes AG, Smadbeck JB, Rangel LJ, Vasmatzis G, Cheville JC. Retention of Interstitial Genes between TMPRSS2 and ERG Is Associated with Low-Risk Prostate Cancer. Cancer Res 2017; 77:6157-6167. [PMID: 29127096 DOI: 10.1158/0008-5472.can-17-0529] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/20/2017] [Revised: 06/27/2017] [Accepted: 08/15/2017] [Indexed: 11/16/2022]
Abstract
TMPRSS2-ERG gene fusions occur in over 50% of prostate cancers, but their impact on clinical outcomes is not well understood. Retention of interstitial genes between TMPRSS2 and ERG has been reported to influence tumor progression in an animal model. In this study, we analyzed the status of TMPRSS2-ERG fusion genes and interstitial genes in tumors from a large cohort of men treated surgically for prostate cancer, associating alterations with biochemical progression. Through whole-genome mate pair sequencing, we mapped and classified rearrangements driving ETS family gene fusions in 133 cases of very low-, low-, intermediate-, and high-risk prostate cancer from radical prostatectomy specimens. TMPRSS2-ERG gene fusions were observed in 44% of cases, and over 90% of these fusions occurred in ERG exons 3 or 4. ERG fusions retaining interstitial sequences occurred more frequently in very low-risk tumors. These tumors also frequently displayed ERG gene fusions involving alternative 5'-partners to TMPRSS2, specifically SLC45A3 and NDRG1 and other ETS family genes, which retained interstitial TMPRSS2/ERG sequences. Lastly, tumors displaying TMPRSS2-ERG fusions that retained interstitial genes were less likely to be associated with biochemical recurrence (P = 0.028). Our results point to more favorable clinical outcomes in patients with ETS family fusion-positive prostate cancers, which retain potential tumor-suppressor genes in the interstitial regions between TMPRSS2 and ERG Identifying these patients at biopsy might improve patient management, particularly with regard to active surveillance. Cancer Res; 77(22); 6157-67. ©2017 AACR.
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Affiliation(s)
- Stephen J Murphy
- Biomarker Discovery Program, Center of Individualized Medicine, Mayo Clinic, Rochester, Minnesota
| | - Farhad Kosari
- Biomarker Discovery Program, Center of Individualized Medicine, Mayo Clinic, Rochester, Minnesota
| | | | - Aqsa Nasir
- Biomarker Discovery Program, Center of Individualized Medicine, Mayo Clinic, Rochester, Minnesota
| | - Sarah H Johnson
- Biomarker Discovery Program, Center of Individualized Medicine, Mayo Clinic, Rochester, Minnesota
| | - Athanasios G Gaitatzes
- Biomarker Discovery Program, Center of Individualized Medicine, Mayo Clinic, Rochester, Minnesota.,Genomics Systems Unit, Mayo Clinic, Rochester, Minnesota
| | - James B Smadbeck
- Biomarker Discovery Program, Center of Individualized Medicine, Mayo Clinic, Rochester, Minnesota
| | - Laureano J Rangel
- Department of Health Sciences Research, Mayo Clinic, Rochester, Minnesota
| | - George Vasmatzis
- Biomarker Discovery Program, Center of Individualized Medicine, Mayo Clinic, Rochester, Minnesota.
| | - John C Cheville
- Biomarker Discovery Program, Center of Individualized Medicine, Mayo Clinic, Rochester, Minnesota. .,Department of Laboratory Medicine and Pathology, Mayo Clinic, Rochester, Minnesota
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248
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Heppler LN, Frank DA. Targeting Oncogenic Transcription Factors: Therapeutic Implications of Endogenous STAT Inhibitors. Trends Cancer 2017; 3:816-827. [PMID: 29198438 DOI: 10.1016/j.trecan.2017.10.004] [Citation(s) in RCA: 54] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/15/2017] [Revised: 10/10/2017] [Accepted: 10/11/2017] [Indexed: 02/07/2023]
Abstract
Misregulation of transcription factors, including signal transducer and activator of transcription (STAT) proteins, leads to inappropriate gene expression patterns that can promote tumor initiation and progression. Under physiologic conditions, STAT signaling is stimulus dependent and tightly regulated by endogenous inhibitors, namely, suppressor of cytokine signaling (SOCS) proteins, phosphatases, and protein inhibitor of activated STAT (PIAS) proteins. However, in tumorigenesis, STAT proteins become constitutively active and promote the expression of progrowth and prosurvival genes. Although STAT activation has been widely implicated in cancer, therapeutic STAT inhibitors are still largely absent from the clinic. This review dissects the mechanisms of action of two families of endogenous STAT inhibitors, the SOCS and PIAS families, to potentially inform the development of novel therapeutic inhibitors.
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Affiliation(s)
- Lisa N Heppler
- Department of Medical Oncology, Dana-Farber Cancer Institute, Boston, MA, USA; Departments of Medicine, Brigham and Women's Hospital and Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA, USA
| | - David A Frank
- Department of Medical Oncology, Dana-Farber Cancer Institute, Boston, MA, USA; Departments of Medicine, Brigham and Women's Hospital and Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA, USA.
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249
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Amani H, Ajami M, Nasseri Maleki S, Pazoki-Toroudi H, Daglia M, Tsetegho Sokeng AJ, Di Lorenzo A, Nabavi SF, Devi KP, Nabavi SM. Targeting signal transducers and activators of transcription (STAT) in human cancer by dietary polyphenolic antioxidants. Biochimie 2017; 142:63-79. [DOI: 10.1016/j.biochi.2017.08.007] [Citation(s) in RCA: 40] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/01/2016] [Accepted: 08/08/2017] [Indexed: 12/11/2022]
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250
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Ohoka N, Misawa T, Kurihara M, Demizu Y, Naito M. Development of a peptide-based inducer of protein degradation targeting NOTCH1. Bioorg Med Chem Lett 2017; 27:4985-4988. [PMID: 29050782 DOI: 10.1016/j.bmcl.2017.10.011] [Citation(s) in RCA: 19] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/24/2017] [Revised: 10/06/2017] [Accepted: 10/07/2017] [Indexed: 12/30/2022]
Abstract
We previously developed a protein knockdown system by small-molecule hybrid compounds named SNIPERs (Specific and Nongenetic IAP-dependent Protein Erasers). Here we report a peptide-based protein knockdown system for inducing degradation of a transcriptional factor NOTCH1. The molecules designed were composed of two biologically active scaffolds: a peptide that binds to the surface of the target protein NOTCH1 and a small-molecule MV1 that binds to the E3 ubiquitin ligase inhibitor of apoptosis protein (IAP), which are expected to cross-link these proteins in cells. Hybrid molecules specifically induced the degradation of the NOTCH1 protein by the proteasome. This system could be a useful method to develop various degradation inducers against a large number of proteins to which small-molecule ligands have not been found.
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Affiliation(s)
- Nobumichi Ohoka
- Division of Molecular Target and Gene Therapy Product, National Institute of Health Sciences, 1-18-1, Kamiyoga, Setagaya, Tokyo 158-8501, Japan
| | - Takashi Misawa
- Division of Organic Chemistry, National Institute of Health Sciences, 1-18-1, Kamiyoga, Setagaya, Tokyo 158-8501, Japan
| | - Masaaki Kurihara
- Division of Organic Chemistry, National Institute of Health Sciences, 1-18-1, Kamiyoga, Setagaya, Tokyo 158-8501, Japan
| | - Yosuke Demizu
- Division of Organic Chemistry, National Institute of Health Sciences, 1-18-1, Kamiyoga, Setagaya, Tokyo 158-8501, Japan.
| | - Mikihiko Naito
- Division of Molecular Target and Gene Therapy Product, National Institute of Health Sciences, 1-18-1, Kamiyoga, Setagaya, Tokyo 158-8501, Japan.
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