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Teisseyre A, Palko-Labuz A, Sroda-Pomianek K, Michalak K. Voltage-Gated Potassium Channel Kv1.3 as a Target in Therapy of Cancer. Front Oncol 2019; 9:933. [PMID: 31612103 PMCID: PMC6769076 DOI: 10.3389/fonc.2019.00933] [Citation(s) in RCA: 56] [Impact Index Per Article: 11.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/07/2019] [Accepted: 09/06/2019] [Indexed: 12/11/2022] Open
Abstract
Voltage-gated potassium channel Kv1.3 is an integral membrane protein, which is selectively permeable for potassium ions and is activated upon a change of membrane potential. Channel activation enables transportation of potassium ions down their electrochemical gradient. Kv1.3 channel is expressed in many cell types, both normal and cancer. Activity of the channel plays an important role in cell proliferation and apoptosis. Inhibition of Kv1.3 channel may be beneficial in therapy of several diseases including some cancer disorders. This review focuses on Kv1.3 channel as a new potentially attractive molecular target in cancer therapy. In the first part, changes in the channel expression in selected cancer disorders are described. Then, the role of the channel activity in cancer cell proliferation and apoptosis is presented. Finally, it is shown that some low molecular weight organic inhibitors of the channel including selected biologically active plant-derived polycyclic compounds may selectively induce apoptosis of Kv1.3-expressing cancer cells while sparing normal cells and healthy organs. These compounds may be promising candidates for putative application in therapy of some cancer disorders, such as melanoma, pancreatic ductal adenocarcinoma (PDAC), or B-type chronic lymphocytic leukemia (B-CLL).
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Affiliation(s)
- Andrzej Teisseyre
- Department of Biophysics, Wroclaw Medical University, Wrocław, Poland
| | - Anna Palko-Labuz
- Department of Biophysics, Wroclaw Medical University, Wrocław, Poland
| | | | - Krystyna Michalak
- Department of Biophysics, Wroclaw Medical University, Wrocław, Poland
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202
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Hernandez-Resendiz I, Hartung F, Pardo LA. Antibodies Targeting K V Potassium Channels: A Promising Treatment for Cancer. Bioelectricity 2019; 1:180-187. [PMID: 34471820 DOI: 10.1089/bioe.2019.0022] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/16/2022] Open
Abstract
Voltage-gated potassium channels are transmembrane proteins that allow flow of potassium across the membrane to regulate ion homeostasis, cell proliferation, migration, cell volume, and specific processes such as muscular contraction. Aberrant function or expression of potassium channels can underlie pathologies ranging from heart arrhythmia to cancer; the expression of potassium channels is altered in many types of cancer and that alteration correlates with malignancy and poor prognosis. Targeting potassium channels therefore constitutes a promising approach for cancer therapy. In this review, we discuss strategies to target a particular family of potassium channels, the voltage-gated potassium channels (KV) where a reasonable structural understanding is available. We also discuss the possible obstacles and advantages of such a strategy.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Franziska Hartung
- AG Oncophysiology, Max Planck Institute for Experimental Medicine, Göttingen, Germany
| | - Luis A Pardo
- AG Oncophysiology, Max Planck Institute for Experimental Medicine, Göttingen, Germany
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203
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Barlaz Us S, Sogut F, Yildirim M, Yetkin D, Yalin S, Yilmaz SN, Comelekoglu U. Effect of Imipramine on radiosensitivity of Prostate Cancer: An In Vitro Study. Cancer Invest 2019; 37:489-500. [PMID: 31496302 DOI: 10.1080/07357907.2019.1662434] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/01/2023]
Abstract
Prostate cancer is the most common cancer and leading cause of cancer death for males. Imipramine (IMI), which is a tricyclic antidepressant, has also been shown to has antineoplastic effect. This study was performed to investigate the radiosensitizing effect of IMI on DU145 prostate cancer cell. Cells were divided into 4 groups. Cell index, apoptotic activity, cell cycle arrest, oxidative stress and EAG1 channel currents were determined in all groups. Our findings showed that combined treatment with IMI and radiotherapy (RAD) did not enhance radiosensitivity of DU145 cells but as unexpected finding, treatment of IMI alone was more effective in DU145 cells.
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Affiliation(s)
- Songul Barlaz Us
- Department of Radiation Oncology Mersin-Turkey, School of Medicine, Mersin University , Mersin , Turkey
| | - Fatma Sogut
- Department of Perfusion Technology, Vocational School of Medical Services, Mersin University , Mersin , Turkey
| | - Metin Yildirim
- Department of Biochemistry, School of Pharmacy, Mersin University , Mersin , Turkey
| | - Derya Yetkin
- Institute of Advanced Technology Research and Application, Mersin University , Mersin , Turkey
| | - Serap Yalin
- Department of Biochemistry, School of Pharmacy, Mersin University , Mersin , Turkey
| | - Sakir Necat Yilmaz
- Department of Histology-Embryology, School of Medicine, Mersin University , Mersin , Turkey
| | - Ulku Comelekoglu
- Department of Biophysics, School of Medicine, Mersin University , Mersin , Turkey
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204
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Das A, Chatterjee S, Raghuraman H. Structural Dynamics of the Paddle Motif Loop in the Activated Conformation of KvAP Voltage Sensor. Biophys J 2019; 118:873-884. [PMID: 31547975 DOI: 10.1016/j.bpj.2019.08.017] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/28/2019] [Revised: 07/31/2019] [Accepted: 08/06/2019] [Indexed: 02/07/2023] Open
Abstract
Voltage-dependent potassium (Kv) channels play a fundamental role in neuronal and cardiac excitability and are potential therapeutic targets. They assemble as tetramers with a centrally located pore domain surrounded by a voltage-sensing domain (VSD), which is critical for sensing transmembrane potential and subsequent gating. Although the sensor is supposed to be in "Up" conformation in both n-octylglucoside (OG) micelles and phospholipid membranes in the absence of membrane potential, toxins that bind VSD and modulate the gating behavior of Kv channels exhibit dramatic affinity differences in these membrane-mimetic systems. In this study, we have monitored the structural dynamics of the S3b-S4 loop of the paddle motif in activated conformation of KvAP-VSD by site-directed fluorescence approaches, using the environment-sensitive fluorescent probe 7-nitrobenz-2-oxa-1,3-diazol-4-yl-ethylenediamine (NBD). Emission maximum of NBD-labeled loop region of KvAP-VSD (residues 110-117) suggests a significant change in the polarity of local environment in 1-palmitoyl-2-oleoyl-sn-glycero-3-phosphocholine/1-palmitoyl-2-oleoyl-sn-glycero-3-phospho-(1'-rac-glycerol) membranes compared to OG micelles. This indicates that S3b-S4 loop residues might be partitioning to membrane interface, which is supported by an overall increased mean fluorescence lifetimes and significantly reduced water accessibility in membranes. Further, the magnitude of red edge excitation shift (REES) supports the presence of restricted/bound water molecules in the loop region of the VSD in micelles and membranes. Quantitative analysis of REES data using Gaussian probability distribution function clearly indicates that the sensor loop has fewer discrete equilibrium conformational states when reconstituted in membranes. Interestingly, this reduced molecular heterogeneity is consistent with the site-specific NBD polarization results, which suggest that the membrane environment offers a relaxed/dynamic organization for most of the S3b-S4 loop residues of the sensor. Overall, our results are relevant for understanding toxin-VSD interaction and gating mechanisms of Kv channels in membranes.
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Affiliation(s)
- Anindita Das
- Crystallography and Molecular Biology Division, Saha Institute of Nuclear Physics, Homi Bhabha National Institute, 1/AF Bidhannagar, Kolkata, India
| | - Satyaki Chatterjee
- Crystallography and Molecular Biology Division, Saha Institute of Nuclear Physics, Homi Bhabha National Institute, 1/AF Bidhannagar, Kolkata, India
| | - H Raghuraman
- Crystallography and Molecular Biology Division, Saha Institute of Nuclear Physics, Homi Bhabha National Institute, 1/AF Bidhannagar, Kolkata, India.
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205
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Hsiao CT, Fu SJ, Liu YT, Lu YH, Zhong CY, Tang CY, Soong BW, Jeng CJ. Novel SCA19/22-associated KCND3 mutations disrupt human K V 4.3 protein biosynthesis and channel gating. Hum Mutat 2019; 40:2088-2107. [PMID: 31293010 DOI: 10.1002/humu.23865] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/13/2019] [Revised: 07/05/2019] [Accepted: 07/07/2019] [Indexed: 11/07/2022]
Abstract
Mutations in the human voltage-gated K+ channel subunit KV 4.3-encoding KCND3 gene have been associated with the autosomal dominant neurodegenerative disorder spinocerebellar ataxia types 19 and 22 (SCA19/22). The precise pathophysiology underlying the dominant inheritance pattern of SCA19/22 remains elusive. Using cerebellar ataxia-specific targeted next-generation sequencing technology, we identified two novel KCND3 mutations, c.950 G>A (p.C317Y) and c.1123 C>T (p.P375S) from a cohort with inherited cerebellar ataxias in Taiwan. The patients manifested notable phenotypic heterogeneity that includes cognitive impairment. We employed in vitro heterologous expression systems to inspect the biophysical and biochemical properties of human KV 4.3 harboring the two novel mutations, as well as two previously reported but uncharacterized disease-related mutations, c.1013 T>A (p.V338E) and c.1130 C>T (p.T377M). Electrophysiological analyses revealed that all of these SCA19/22-associated KV 4.3 mutant channels manifested loss-of-function phenotypes. Protein chemistry and immunofluorescence analyses further demonstrated that these mutants displayed enhanced protein degradation and defective membrane trafficking. By coexpressing KV 4.3 wild-type with the disease-related mutants, we provided direct evidence showing that the mutants instigated anomalous protein biosynthesis and channel gating of KV 4.3. We propose that the dominant inheritance pattern of SCA19/22 may be explained by the dominant-negative effects of the mutants on protein biosynthesis and voltage-dependent gating of KV 4.3 wild-type channel.
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Affiliation(s)
- Cheng-Tsung Hsiao
- Department of Internal Medicine, Taipei Veterans General Hospital Taoyuan Branch, Taoyuan, Taiwan
- Department of Neurology, Taipei Veterans General Hospital, Taipei, Taiwan
- Graduate Institute of Physiology, College of Medicine, National Taiwan University, Taipei, Taiwan
- Department of Neurology, School of Medicine, National Yang-Ming University, Taipei, Taiwan
| | - Ssu-Ju Fu
- Graduate Institute of Physiology, College of Medicine, National Taiwan University, Taipei, Taiwan
- Institute of Anatomy and Cell Biology, School of Medicine, National Yang-Ming University, Taipei, Taiwan
| | - Yo-Tsen Liu
- Department of Neurology, Taipei Veterans General Hospital, Taipei, Taiwan
- Department of Neurology, School of Medicine, National Yang-Ming University, Taipei, Taiwan
| | - Yi-Hsiang Lu
- Institute of Anatomy and Cell Biology, School of Medicine, National Yang-Ming University, Taipei, Taiwan
| | - Ciao-Yu Zhong
- Institute of Anatomy and Cell Biology, School of Medicine, National Yang-Ming University, Taipei, Taiwan
| | - Chih-Yung Tang
- Graduate Institute of Physiology, College of Medicine, National Taiwan University, Taipei, Taiwan
| | - Bing-Wen Soong
- Department of Neurology, Taipei Veterans General Hospital, Taipei, Taiwan
- Brain Research Center, National Yang-Ming University, Taipei, Taiwan
- Department of Neurology, Shuang Ho Hospital, Taipei Medical University, New Taipei City, Taiwan
- Taipei Neuroscience Institute, Taipei Medical University, Taipei, Taiwan
| | - Chung-Jiuan Jeng
- Institute of Anatomy and Cell Biology, School of Medicine, National Yang-Ming University, Taipei, Taiwan
- Brain Research Center, National Yang-Ming University, Taipei, Taiwan
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206
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Rodriguez A, Pedersen MØ, Villegas E, Rivas‐Santiago B, Villegas‐Moreno J, Amero C, Norton RS, Corzo G. Antimicrobial activity and structure of a consensus human β‐defensin and its comparison to a novel putative hBD10. Proteins 2019; 88:175-186. [DOI: 10.1002/prot.25785] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/09/2019] [Revised: 07/09/2019] [Accepted: 07/12/2019] [Indexed: 02/05/2023]
Affiliation(s)
- Alexis Rodriguez
- Centro de Investigación en BiotecnologíaUniversidad Autónoma del Estado de Morelos Cuernavaca Mexico
| | | | - Elba Villegas
- Centro de Investigación en BiotecnologíaUniversidad Autónoma del Estado de Morelos Cuernavaca Mexico
| | - Bruno Rivas‐Santiago
- Medical Research Unit‐ZacatecasMexican Institute of Social Security IMSS Zacatecas Mexico
| | - Jessica Villegas‐Moreno
- Centro de Investigaciones QuímicasUniversidad Autónoma del Estado de Morelos Cuernavaca Mexico
| | - Carlos Amero
- Centro de Investigaciones QuímicasUniversidad Autónoma del Estado de Morelos Cuernavaca Mexico
| | - Raymond S. Norton
- Monash Institute of Pharmaceutical SciencesMonash University Parkville Victoria Australia
| | - Gerardo Corzo
- Instituto de BiotecnologíaUniversidad Nacional Autónoma de México Cuernavaca Mexico
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207
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Altered expression and functional role of ion channels in leukemia: bench to bedside. Clin Transl Oncol 2019; 22:283-293. [PMID: 31280433 DOI: 10.1007/s12094-019-02147-2] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/27/2019] [Accepted: 05/26/2019] [Indexed: 12/21/2022]
Abstract
Leukemic cells' (LCs) survival, proliferation, activation, differentiation, and invasiveness/migration can be mediated through the function of cation and anion channels that are involved in volume regulation, polarization, cytoskeleton, and extracellular matrix reorganization. This study will review the expression of ion channels in LCs and their possible function in leukemia progression. We searched relevant literature by a PubMed (2002-2019) of English-language literature using the terms "ion channels", "leukemia", "proliferation", "differentiation", "apoptosis", and "migration". Altered expression and dysfunction of ion channels can have a strong impact on hematopoietic cell and LCs physiology and signaling, which contributes to the vital processes such as proliferation, differentiation, and apoptosis. Indeed, it can be stated that changing expression of ion channels can affect the onset and progression as well as clinical features and therapeutic responses of leukemia via inducing the maintenance of LCs. Since ion channels are membrane proteins, they can be easily accessible in LCs for understanding their influence on leukemia progression. On the other hand, ion channels can be new potential targets for chemotherapeutic agents, which may open a novel clinical and pharmaceutical field in leukemia therapy.
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208
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Noh W, Pak S, Choi G, Yang S, Yang S. Transient Potassium Channels: Therapeutic Targets for Brain Disorders. Front Cell Neurosci 2019; 13:265. [PMID: 31263403 PMCID: PMC6585177 DOI: 10.3389/fncel.2019.00265] [Citation(s) in RCA: 32] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/29/2018] [Accepted: 05/28/2019] [Indexed: 01/04/2023] Open
Abstract
Transient potassium current channels (IA channels), which are expressed in most brain areas, have a central role in modulating feedforward and feedback inhibition along the dendroaxonic axis. Loss of the modulatory channels is tightly associated with a number of brain diseases such as Alzheimer’s disease, epilepsy, fragile X syndrome (FXS), Parkinson’s disease, chronic pain, tinnitus, and ataxia. However, the functional significance of IA channels in these diseases has so far been underestimated. In this review, we discuss the distribution and function of IA channels. Particularly, we posit that downregulation of IA channels results in neuronal (mostly dendritic) hyperexcitability accompanied by the imbalanced excitation and inhibition ratio in the brain’s networks, eventually causing the brain diseases. Finally, we propose a potential therapeutic target: the enhanced action of IA channels to counteract Ca2+-permeable channels including NMDA receptors could be harnessed to restore dendritic excitability, leading to a balanced neuronal state.
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Affiliation(s)
- Wonjun Noh
- Department of Nano-Bioengineering, Incheon National University, Incheon, South Korea
| | - Sojeong Pak
- Department of Biomedical Sciences, City University of Hong Kong, Kowloon, Hong Kong
| | - Geunho Choi
- Department of Computer Science and Engineering, Incheon National University, Incheon, South Korea
| | - Sungchil Yang
- Department of Biomedical Sciences, City University of Hong Kong, Kowloon, Hong Kong
| | - Sunggu Yang
- Department of Nano-Bioengineering, Incheon National University, Incheon, South Korea
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209
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Maezawa I, Nguyen HM, Di Lucente J, Jenkins DP, Singh V, Hilt S, Kim K, Rangaraju S, Levey AI, Wulff H, Jin LW. Kv1.3 inhibition as a potential microglia-targeted therapy for Alzheimer's disease: preclinical proof of concept. Brain 2019; 141:596-612. [PMID: 29272333 DOI: 10.1093/brain/awx346] [Citation(s) in RCA: 72] [Impact Index Per Article: 14.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/14/2017] [Accepted: 10/30/2017] [Indexed: 12/14/2022] Open
Abstract
Microglia significantly contribute to the pathophysiology of Alzheimer's disease but an effective microglia-targeted therapeutic approach is not yet available clinically. The potassium channels Kv1.3 and Kir2.1 play important roles in regulating immune cell functions and have been implicated by in vitro studies in the 'M1-like pro-inflammatory' or 'M2-like anti-inflammatory' state of microglia, respectively. We here found that amyloid-β oligomer-induced expression of Kv1.3 and Kir2.1 in cultured primary microglia. Likewise, ex vivo microglia acutely isolated from the Alzheimer's model 5xFAD mice co-expressed Kv1.3 and Kir2.1 as well as markers traditionally associated with M1 and M2 activation suggesting that amyloid-β oligomer induces a microglial activation state that is more complex than previously thought. Using the orally available, brain penetrant small molecule Kv1.3 blocker PAP-1 as a tool, we showed that pro-inflammatory and neurotoxic microglial responses induced by amyloid-β oligomer required Kv1.3 activity in vitro and in hippocampal slices. Since we further observed that Kv1.3 was highly expressed in microglia of transgenic Alzheimer's mouse models and human Alzheimer's disease brains, we hypothesized that pharmacological Kv1.3 inhibition could mitigate the pathology induced by amyloid-β aggregates. Indeed, treating APP/PS1 transgenic mice with a 5-month oral regimen of PAP-1, starting at 9 months of age, when the animals already manifest cognitive deficits and amyloid pathology, reduced neuroinflammation, decreased cerebral amyloid load, enhanced hippocampal neuronal plasticity, and improved behavioural deficits. The observed decrease in cerebral amyloid deposition was consistent with the in vitro finding that PAP-1 enhanced amyloid-β uptake by microglia. Collectively, these results provide proof-of-concept data to advance Kv1.3 blockers to Alzheimer's disease clinical trials.
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Affiliation(s)
- Izumi Maezawa
- Department of Pathology and Laboratory Medicine, University of California Davis Medical Center, 2805 50th Street, Sacramento, CA 95817, USA
| | - Hai M Nguyen
- Department of Pharmacology, University of California Davis, 451 Health Sciences Drive, Davis, CA 95616, USA
| | - Jacopo Di Lucente
- Department of Pathology and Laboratory Medicine, University of California Davis Medical Center, 2805 50th Street, Sacramento, CA 95817, USA
| | - David Paul Jenkins
- Department of Pharmacology, University of California Davis, 451 Health Sciences Drive, Davis, CA 95616, USA
| | - Vikrant Singh
- Department of Pharmacology, University of California Davis, 451 Health Sciences Drive, Davis, CA 95616, USA
| | - Silvia Hilt
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Medicine, University of California Davis, 2700 Stockton Blvd, Sacramento, CA 95817, USA
| | - Kyoungmi Kim
- Department of Public Health Sciences, University of California Davis, One Shields Avenue, Med Sci 1-C, Davis, CA 95616, USA
| | - Srikant Rangaraju
- Department of Neurology and Alzheimer's Disease Research Center, Emory University, 201 Dowman Drive, Atlanta, GA 30322, USA
| | - Allan I Levey
- Department of Neurology and Alzheimer's Disease Research Center, Emory University, 201 Dowman Drive, Atlanta, GA 30322, USA
| | - Heike Wulff
- Department of Pharmacology, University of California Davis, 451 Health Sciences Drive, Davis, CA 95616, USA
| | - Lee-Way Jin
- Department of Pathology and Laboratory Medicine, University of California Davis Medical Center, 2805 50th Street, Sacramento, CA 95817, USA.,Alzheimer's Disease Center, University of California Davis Medical Center, 4860 Y Street, Suite 3900, Sacramento, CA 95817, USA
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210
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Zhang F, Liu Y, Tang F, Liang B, Chen H, Zhang H, Wang K. Electrophysiological and pharmacological characterization of a novel and potent neuronal Kv7 channel opener SCR2682 for antiepilepsy. FASEB J 2019; 33:9154-9166. [DOI: 10.1096/fj.201802848rr] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/01/2023]
Affiliation(s)
- Fan Zhang
- The Key Laboratory of Neural and Vascular Biology Ministry of Education The Key Laboratory of New Drug Pharmacology and Toxicology, Hebei Province Department of Pharmacology Hebei Medical University Shijiazhuang China
| | - Yani Liu
- Department of Pharmacology Qingdao University Qingdao China
| | - Feng Tang
- Medicinal Chemistry, Simcere Pharmaceutical Nanjing China
| | - Bo Liang
- Medicinal Chemistry Shanghai Zhimeng BioPharma Shanghai China
| | - Huanming Chen
- Medicinal Chemistry Shanghai Zhimeng BioPharma Shanghai China
| | - Hailin Zhang
- The Key Laboratory of Neural and Vascular Biology Ministry of Education The Key Laboratory of New Drug Pharmacology and Toxicology, Hebei Province Department of Pharmacology Hebei Medical University Shijiazhuang China
| | - Kewei Wang
- Department of Pharmacology Qingdao University Qingdao China
- Institute of Innovative Drugs School of Pharmacy Qingdao University Qingdao China
- Center for Brain Science and Brain‐Inspired Intelligence Guangzhou China
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211
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Wulff H, Christophersen P, Colussi P, Chandy KG, Yarov-Yarovoy V. Antibodies and venom peptides: new modalities for ion channels. Nat Rev Drug Discov 2019; 18:339-357. [PMID: 30728472 PMCID: PMC6499689 DOI: 10.1038/s41573-019-0013-8] [Citation(s) in RCA: 108] [Impact Index Per Article: 21.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/19/2023]
Abstract
Ion channels play fundamental roles in both excitable and non-excitable tissues and therefore constitute attractive drug targets for myriad neurological, cardiovascular and metabolic diseases as well as for cancer and immunomodulation. However, achieving selectivity for specific ion channel subtypes with small-molecule drugs has been challenging, and there currently is a growing trend to target ion channels with biologics. One approach is to improve the pharmacokinetics of existing or novel venom-derived peptides. In parallel, after initial studies with polyclonal antibodies demonstrated the technical feasibility of inhibiting channel function with antibodies, multiple preclinical programmes are now using the full spectrum of available technologies to generate conventional monoclonal and engineered antibodies or nanobodies against extracellular loops of ion channels. After a summary of the current state of ion channel drug discovery, this Review discusses recent developments using the purinergic receptor channel P2X purinoceptor 7 (P2X7), the voltage-gated potassium channel KV1.3 and the voltage-gated sodium channel NaV1.7 as examples of targeting ion channels with biologics.
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Affiliation(s)
- Heike Wulff
- Department of Pharmacology, University of California Davis, Davis, CA, USA.
| | | | | | - K George Chandy
- Molecular Physiology Laboratory, Infection and Immunity Theme, Lee Kong Chian School of Medicine, Nanyang Technological University, Singapore, Singapore
| | - Vladimir Yarov-Yarovoy
- Department of Physiology & Membrane Biology, University of California Davis, Davis, CA, USA
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212
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Oliveira IS, Ferreira IG, Alexandre-Silva GM, Cerni FA, Cremonez CM, Arantes EC, Zottich U, Pucca MB. Scorpion toxins targeting Kv1.3 channels: insights into immunosuppression. J Venom Anim Toxins Incl Trop Dis 2019; 25:e148118. [PMID: 31131004 PMCID: PMC6483409 DOI: 10.1590/1678-9199-jvatitd-1481-18] [Citation(s) in RCA: 19] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/30/2018] [Accepted: 10/17/2018] [Indexed: 01/26/2023] Open
Abstract
Scorpion venoms are natural sources of molecules that have, in addition to their
toxic function, potential therapeutic applications. In this source the
neurotoxins can be found especially those that act on potassium channels.
Potassium channels are responsible for maintaining the membrane potential in the
excitable cells, especially the voltage-dependent potassium channels (Kv),
including Kv1.3 channels. These channels (Kv1.3) are expressed by various types
of tissues and cells, being part of several physiological processes. However,
the major studies of Kv1.3 are performed on T cells due its importance on
autoimmune diseases. Scorpion toxins capable of acting on potassium channels
(KTx), mainly on Kv1.3 channels, have gained a prominent role for their possible
ability to control inflammatory autoimmune diseases. Some of these toxins have
already left bench trials and are being evaluated in clinical trials, presenting
great therapeutic potential. Thus, scorpion toxins are important natural
molecules that should not be overlooked in the treatment of autoimmune and other
diseases.
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Affiliation(s)
- Isadora S Oliveira
- School of Pharmaceutical Sciences of Ribeirão Preto, Department of Physics and Chemistry, University of São Paulo, Ribeirão Preto, SP, Brazil
| | - Isabela G Ferreira
- School of Pharmaceutical Sciences of Ribeirão Preto, Department of Physics and Chemistry, University of São Paulo, Ribeirão Preto, SP, Brazil
| | | | - Felipe A Cerni
- Ribeirão Preto Medical School, Department of Biochemistry and Immunology, University of São Paulo, Ribeirão Preto, SP, Brazil
| | - Caroline M Cremonez
- School of Pharmaceutical Sciences of Ribeirão Preto, Department of Physics and Chemistry, University of São Paulo, Ribeirão Preto, SP, Brazil
| | - Eliane C Arantes
- School of Pharmaceutical Sciences of Ribeirão Preto, Department of Physics and Chemistry, University of São Paulo, Ribeirão Preto, SP, Brazil
| | - Umberto Zottich
- Medical School, Federal University of Roraima, Boa Vista, RR, Brazil
| | - Manuela B Pucca
- Medical School, Federal University of Roraima, Boa Vista, RR, Brazil
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213
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Synthesis and Antiarrhythmic Activity of N-[2-(Adamantan-2-YL)Aminocarbonyl-Methyl-N′-(Dialkylamino)Alkylnitrobenzamides. Pharm Chem J 2019. [DOI: 10.1007/s11094-019-01949-6] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/27/2022]
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214
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Khalid R, Noureen N, Kamal MA, Batool S. Computational Protein-Protein Docking Reveals the Therapeutic Potential of Kunitz-type Venom against hKv1.2 Binding Sites. CNS & NEUROLOGICAL DISORDERS-DRUG TARGETS 2019; 18:382-404. [PMID: 30892167 DOI: 10.2174/1871527318666190319140204] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/11/2018] [Revised: 12/13/2018] [Accepted: 03/05/2019] [Indexed: 11/22/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND & OBJECTIVE Kunitz-type venoms are bioactive proteins isolated from a wide variety of venomous animals. These venoms are involved in protease inhibitory activity or potassium channel blocking activity. Therefore, they are reported as an important source for lead drug candidates towards protease or channel associated diseases like neurological, metabolic and cardiovascular disorders. METHODS This study aimed to check the inhibitory action of Kunitz-type venoms against potassium channels using computational tools. RESULTS Among potassium channels, Human Voltage-Gated Potassium Channel 1.2 (hKv1.2) was used as a receptor whereas Kunitz-type peptides from the venoms of various species were selected as ligand dataset. CONCLUSION This study helped in finding the binding interface between the receptor and ligand dataset for their potential therapeutic use in treating potassium channelopathies.
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Affiliation(s)
- Rida Khalid
- Department of Biosciences, COMSATS University, Islamabad, Park Road, Chak Shahzad Islamabad-45550, Pakistan
| | - Nighat Noureen
- Department of Biosciences, COMSATS University, Islamabad, Park Road, Chak Shahzad Islamabad-45550, Pakistan
| | - Mohammad Amjad Kamal
- King Fahd Medical Research Center, King Abdulaziz University, P.O. Box 80216, Jeddah 21589, Saudi Arabia.,Enzymoic, 7 Peterlee Pl, Hebersham, NSW 2770, Sydney, Australia
| | - Sidra Batool
- Department of Biosciences, COMSATS University, Islamabad, Park Road, Chak Shahzad Islamabad-45550, Pakistan
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215
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Palomo-Ligas L, Gutiérrez-Gutiérrez F, Ochoa-Maganda VY, Cortés-Zárate R, Charles-Niño CL, Castillo-Romero A. Identification of a novel potassium channel (GiK) as a potential drug target in Giardia lamblia: Computational descriptions of binding sites. PeerJ 2019; 7:e6430. [PMID: 30834181 PMCID: PMC6397635 DOI: 10.7717/peerj.6430] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/13/2018] [Accepted: 01/10/2019] [Indexed: 12/12/2022] Open
Abstract
Background The protozoan Giardia lamblia is the causal agent of giardiasis, one of the main diarrheal infections worldwide. Drug resistance to common antigiardial agents and incidence of treatment failures have increased in recent years. Therefore, the search for new molecular targets for drugs against Giardia infection is essential. In protozoa, ionic channels have roles in their life cycle, growth, and stress response. Thus, they are promising targets for drug design. The strategy of ligand-protein docking has demonstrated a great potential in the discovery of new targets and structure-based drug design studies. Methods In this work, we identify and characterize a new potassium channel, GiK, in the genome of Giardia lamblia. Characterization was performed in silico. Because its crystallographic structure remains unresolved, homology modeling was used to construct the three-dimensional model for the pore domain of GiK. The docking virtual screening approach was employed to determine whether GiK is a good target for potassium channel blockers. Results The GiK sequence showed 24–50% identity and 50–90% positivity with 21 different types of potassium channels. The quality assessment and validation parameters indicated the reliability of the modeled structure of GiK. We identified 110 potassium channel blockers exhibiting high affinity toward GiK. A total of 39 of these drugs bind in three specific regions. Discussion The GiK pore signature sequence is related to the small conductance calcium-activated potassium channels (SKCa). The predicted binding of 110 potassium blockers to GiK makes this protein an attractive target for biological testing to evaluate its role in the life cycle of Giardia lamblia and potential candidate for the design of novel antigiardial drugs.
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Affiliation(s)
- Lissethe Palomo-Ligas
- Departamento de Fisiología, Centro Universitario de Ciencias de la Salud, Universidad de Guadalajara, Guadalajara, Jalisco, Mexico
| | - Filiberto Gutiérrez-Gutiérrez
- Departamento de Química, Centro Universitario de Ciencias Exactas e Ingenierías, Universidad de Guadalajara, Guadalajara, Jalisco, Mexico
| | - Verónica Yadira Ochoa-Maganda
- Departamento de Fisiología, Centro Universitario de Ciencias de la Salud, Universidad de Guadalajara, Guadalajara, Jalisco, Mexico
| | - Rafael Cortés-Zárate
- Departamento de Microbiología y Patología, Centro Universitario de Ciencias de la Salud, Universidad de Guadalajara, Guadalajara, Jalisco, Mexico
| | - Claudia Lisette Charles-Niño
- Departamento de Microbiología y Patología, Centro Universitario de Ciencias de la Salud, Universidad de Guadalajara, Guadalajara, Jalisco, Mexico
| | - Araceli Castillo-Romero
- Departamento de Microbiología y Patología, Centro Universitario de Ciencias de la Salud, Universidad de Guadalajara, Guadalajara, Jalisco, Mexico
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216
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Romero AH, López SE, Arvelo F, Sojo F, Calderon C, Morales A. Identification of dehydroxy isoquine and isotebuquine as promising anticancer agents targeting K+ channel. Chem Biol Drug Des 2019; 93:638-646. [PMID: 30570823 DOI: 10.1111/cbdd.13461] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/05/2018] [Revised: 11/07/2018] [Accepted: 12/07/2018] [Indexed: 01/12/2023]
Abstract
Traditional antimalarial drugs based on 4-aminoquinolines have exhibited good antiproliferative activities against human tumor cells; however, their low relative efficacy has limited their corresponding clinical uses. In order to identify new potent anticancer agents based on 4-aminoquinoline, we evaluated the antiproliferative activity of a series of dehydroxy isoquines and isotebuquines against five human cancer lines. HeLa and SKBr3 were significantly more sensitive to the action of tested quinolines than the A549, MCF-7, and PC-3 cancer lines. Compound 2h was by far the most potent derivative against four of the tested lines (except to PC3 line), exhibiting low micromolar or nanomolar IC50 values superior to adriamycin reference, low toxicities on dermis human fibroblasts (LD50 > 250 μM), and excellent selectivity indexes against the mentioned cancer cells. A structure-activity relationship analysis put in evidence that a pyrrolidine or morpholine moiety as N-alkyl terminal substitution and the incorporation of the extra phenyl attached to aniline ring are pharmacophore essentials for improvement the anticancer activity of the studied dehydroxy isoquines and isotebuquines. From the results, compound 2h emerged as a promising anticancer candidate for further in vitro assays against resistant-strain and in vivo studies as well as pharmacokinetic and genotoxicity studies. Mechanistic assays suggested that the most active quinoline 2h act as calcium-activated potassium channel activator.
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Affiliation(s)
- Angel H Romero
- Cátedra de Química, Facultad de Farmacia, Universidad Central de Venezuela, Caracas, Venezuela
| | - Simón E López
- Department of Chemistry, University of Florida, Gainesville, Florida
| | - Francisco Arvelo
- Fundación Institutos de Estudios Avanzados -IDEA, Área Salud, Caracas, Venezuela.,Laboratorio de Cultivo de Tejidos y Biología de Tumores, Instituto de Biología Experimental-IBE, Facultad de Ciencias-UCV, Caracas, Venezuela
| | - Felipe Sojo
- Fundación Institutos de Estudios Avanzados -IDEA, Área Salud, Caracas, Venezuela.,Laboratorio de Cultivo de Tejidos y Biología de Tumores, Instituto de Biología Experimental-IBE, Facultad de Ciencias-UCV, Caracas, Venezuela
| | - Christian Calderon
- Laboratorio de Fisiología y Biofísica, Centro de Biología Celular, Instituto de Biología Experimental-IBE, Facultad de Ciencias, UCV, Caracas, Venezuela
| | - Alvaro Morales
- Laboratorio de Biotecnología Clínica Santa María, Cevalfes, Caracas, Venezuela
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217
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Liu F, Dong Z, Wang J, Dong G. Palladium/Norbornene-Catalyzed Indenone Synthesis from Simple Aryl Iodides: Concise Syntheses of Pauciflorol F and Acredinone A. Angew Chem Int Ed Engl 2019; 58:2144-2148. [PMID: 30600880 PMCID: PMC6420343 DOI: 10.1002/anie.201813699] [Citation(s) in RCA: 59] [Impact Index Per Article: 11.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/01/2018] [Indexed: 12/24/2022]
Abstract
To show the synthetic utility of palladium/norbornene (Pd/NBE) cooperative catalysis, here we report concise syntheses of indenone-based natural products, pauciflorol F and acredinone A, which are enabled by direct annulation between aryl iodides and unsaturated carboxylic acid anhydrides. Compared to the previous indenone-preparation approaches, this method allows simple aryl iodides to be used as substrates with complete control of the regioselectivity. The total synthesis of acredinone A features two different Pd/NBE-catalyzed ortho acylation reactions for constructing penta-substituted arene cores, including the development of a new ortho acylation/ipso borylation.
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Affiliation(s)
- Feipeng Liu
- Department of Applied Chemistry, China Agricultural University, Beijing 100193, China, Department of Chemistry, University of Chicago, Chicago, IL, 60637 (USA)
| | - Zhe Dong
- Department of Chemistry, University of Chicago, Chicago, IL, 60637 (USA)
| | - Jianchun Wang
- Department of Chemistry, University of Chicago, Chicago, IL, 60637 (USA)
| | - Guangbin Dong
- Department of Chemistry, University of Chicago, Chicago, IL, 60637 (USA)
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218
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Liu F, Dong Z, Wang J, Dong G. Palladium/Norbornene-Catalyzed Indenone Synthesis from Simple Aryl Iodides: Concise Syntheses of Pauciflorol F and Acredinone A. Angew Chem Int Ed Engl 2019. [DOI: 10.1002/ange.201813699] [Citation(s) in RCA: 18] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/10/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Feipeng Liu
- Department of Chemistry; University of Chicago; Chicago IL 60637 USA
- Department of Applied Chemistry; China Agricultural University; Beijing 100193 China
| | - Zhe Dong
- Department of Chemistry; University of Chicago; Chicago IL 60637 USA
| | - Jianchun Wang
- Department of Chemistry; University of Chicago; Chicago IL 60637 USA
| | - Guangbin Dong
- Department of Chemistry; University of Chicago; Chicago IL 60637 USA
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219
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Lowinus T, Heidel FH, Bose T, Nimmagadda SC, Schnöder T, Cammann C, Schmitz I, Seifert U, Fischer T, Schraven B, Bommhardt U. Memantine potentiates cytarabine-induced cell death of acute leukemia correlating with inhibition of K v1.3 potassium channels, AKT and ERK1/2 signaling. Cell Commun Signal 2019; 17:5. [PMID: 30651113 PMCID: PMC6335768 DOI: 10.1186/s12964-018-0317-z] [Citation(s) in RCA: 21] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/23/2018] [Accepted: 12/28/2018] [Indexed: 12/23/2022] Open
Abstract
Background Treatment of acute leukemia is challenging and long-lasting remissions are difficult to induce. Innovative therapy approaches aim to complement standard chemotherapy to improve drug efficacy and decrease toxicity. Promising new therapeutic targets in cancer therapy include voltage-gated Kv1.3 potassium channels, but their role in acute leukemia is unclear. We reported that Kv1.3 channels of lymphocytes are blocked by memantine, which is known as an antagonist of neuronal N-methyl-D-aspartate type glutamate receptors and clinically applied in therapy of advanced Alzheimer disease. Here we evaluated whether pharmacological targeting of Kv1.3 channels by memantine promotes cell death of acute leukemia cells induced by chemotherapeutic cytarabine. Methods We analyzed acute lymphoid (Jurkat, CEM) and myeloid (HL-60, Molm-13, OCI-AML-3) leukemia cell lines and patients’ acute leukemic blasts after treatment with either drug alone or the combination of cytarabine and memantine. Patch-clamp analysis was performed to evaluate inhibition of Kv1.3 channels and membrane depolarization by memantine. Cell death was determined with propidium iodide, Annexin V and SYTOX staining and cytochrome C release assay. Molecular effects of memantine co-treatment on activation of Caspases, AKT, ERK1/2, and JNK signaling were analysed by Western blot. Kv1.3 channel expression in Jurkat cells was downregulated by shRNA. Results Our study demonstrates that memantine inhibits Kv1.3 channels of acute leukemia cells and in combination with cytarabine potentiates cell death of acute lymphoid and myeloid leukemia cell lines as well as primary leukemic blasts from acute leukemia patients. At molecular level, memantine co-application fosters concurrent inhibition of AKT, S6 and ERK1/2 and reinforces nuclear down-regulation of MYC, a common target of AKT and ERK1/2 signaling. In addition, it augments mitochondrial dysfunction resulting in enhanced cytochrome C release and activation of Caspase-9 and Caspase-3 leading to amplified apoptosis. Conclusions Our study underlines inhibition of Kv1.3 channels as a therapeutic strategy in acute leukemia and proposes co-treatment with memantine, a licensed and safe drug, as a potential approach to promote cytarabine-based cell death of various subtypes of acute leukemia. Electronic supplementary material The online version of this article (10.1186/s12964-018-0317-z) contains supplementary material, which is available to authorized users.
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Affiliation(s)
- Theresa Lowinus
- Institute of Molecular and Clinical Immunology, Health Campus Immunology, Infectiology and Inflammation (GC-I3), Otto-von-Guericke-University Magdeburg, Leipziger Str. 44, 39120, Magdeburg, Germany.,Present address: Department of Hematology, Oncology, and Stem Cell Transplantation, Faculty of Medicine, Freiburg University Medical Center, Freiburg, Germany
| | - Florian H Heidel
- Department of Hematology and Oncology, GC-I3, Otto-von-Guericke-University Magdeburg, Magdeburg, Germany.,Leibniz Institute on Aging, Fritz-Lipmann Institute, Jena, Germany.,Innere Medizin II, Universitätsklinikum Jena, Jena, Germany
| | - Tanima Bose
- Leibniz Institute of Neurobiology, Magdeburg, Germany.,Present address: Institute for Clinical Neuroimmunology, Ludwigs-Maximilians-University, Munich, Germany
| | - Subbaiah Chary Nimmagadda
- Department of Hematology and Oncology, GC-I3, Otto-von-Guericke-University Magdeburg, Magdeburg, Germany
| | - Tina Schnöder
- Department of Hematology and Oncology, GC-I3, Otto-von-Guericke-University Magdeburg, Magdeburg, Germany.,Leibniz Institute on Aging, Fritz-Lipmann Institute, Jena, Germany.,Innere Medizin II, Universitätsklinikum Jena, Jena, Germany
| | - Clemens Cammann
- Friedrich Loeffler Institute for Medical Microbiology, University Medicine Greifswald, Greifswald, Germany
| | - Ingo Schmitz
- Institute of Molecular and Clinical Immunology, Health Campus Immunology, Infectiology and Inflammation (GC-I3), Otto-von-Guericke-University Magdeburg, Leipziger Str. 44, 39120, Magdeburg, Germany.,Systems-Oriented Immunology and Inflammation Research Group, Helmholtz Centre for Infection Research, Braunschweig, Germany
| | - Ulrike Seifert
- Institute of Molecular and Clinical Immunology, Health Campus Immunology, Infectiology and Inflammation (GC-I3), Otto-von-Guericke-University Magdeburg, Leipziger Str. 44, 39120, Magdeburg, Germany.,Friedrich Loeffler Institute for Medical Microbiology, University Medicine Greifswald, Greifswald, Germany
| | - Thomas Fischer
- Department of Hematology and Oncology, GC-I3, Otto-von-Guericke-University Magdeburg, Magdeburg, Germany
| | - Burkhart Schraven
- Institute of Molecular and Clinical Immunology, Health Campus Immunology, Infectiology and Inflammation (GC-I3), Otto-von-Guericke-University Magdeburg, Leipziger Str. 44, 39120, Magdeburg, Germany.,Department of Immune Control, Helmholtz Centre for Infection Research, Braunschweig, Germany
| | - Ursula Bommhardt
- Institute of Molecular and Clinical Immunology, Health Campus Immunology, Infectiology and Inflammation (GC-I3), Otto-von-Guericke-University Magdeburg, Leipziger Str. 44, 39120, Magdeburg, Germany.
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220
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Wang L, Qiao GH, Hu HN, Gao ZB, Nan FJ. Discovery of Novel Retigabine Derivatives as Potent KCNQ4 and KCNQ5 Channel Agonists with Improved Specificity. ACS Med Chem Lett 2019; 10:27-33. [PMID: 30655942 DOI: 10.1021/acsmedchemlett.8b00315] [Citation(s) in RCA: 19] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/10/2018] [Accepted: 12/19/2018] [Indexed: 12/22/2022] Open
Abstract
Recent research suggests that KCNQ isoforms, particularly the KCNQ4 and KCNQ5 subtypes expressed in smooth muscle cells, are involved in both establishing and maintaining resting membrane potentials and regulating smooth muscle contractility. Retigabine (RTG) is a first-in-class antiepileptic drug that potentiates neuronal KCNQ potassium channels, but poor subtype selectivity limits its further application as a pharmacological tool. In this study, we improved the subtype specificity of retigabine by altering the N-1/3 substituents and discovered several compounds that show better selectivity for KCNQ4 and KCNQ5 channels. Among these compounds, 10g is highly selective for KCNQ4 and KCNQ5 channels without potentiating KCNQ1 and KCNQ2 channels. These results are an advance in the exploration of small molecule modifiers that selectively activate different KCNQ isoforms. The developed compounds could also serve as new pharmacological tools for elucidating the function of KCNQ channels natively expressed in various tissues.
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Affiliation(s)
- Lei Wang
- State Key Laboratory of Drug Research, The National Center for Drug Screening, Shanghai Institute of Materia Medica, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Shanghai 201203, China
- University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, No. 19A Yuquan Road, Beijing 100049, P. R. China
| | - Guan-Hua Qiao
- State Key Laboratory of Drug Research, The National Center for Drug Screening, Shanghai Institute of Materia Medica, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Shanghai 201203, China
- University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, No. 19A Yuquan Road, Beijing 100049, P. R. China
| | - Hai-Ning Hu
- State Key Laboratory of Drug Research, The National Center for Drug Screening, Shanghai Institute of Materia Medica, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Shanghai 201203, China
| | - Zhao-Bing Gao
- State Key Laboratory of Drug Research, The National Center for Drug Screening, Shanghai Institute of Materia Medica, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Shanghai 201203, China
| | - Fa-Jun Nan
- State Key Laboratory of Drug Research, The National Center for Drug Screening, Shanghai Institute of Materia Medica, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Shanghai 201203, China
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221
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Liu Y, Wang K. Exploiting the Diversity of Ion Channels: Modulation of Ion Channels for Therapeutic Indications. Handb Exp Pharmacol 2019; 260:187-205. [PMID: 31820177 DOI: 10.1007/164_2019_333] [Citation(s) in RCA: 26] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/17/2022]
Abstract
Ion channels are macromolecular proteins that form water-filled pores in cell membranes and they are critical for a variety of physiological and pharmacological functions. Dysfunctional ion channels can cause diseases known as channelopathies. Ion channels are encoded by approximately 400 genes, representing the second largest class of proven drug targets for therapeutic areas including neuropsychiatric disorders, cardiovascular and metabolic diseases, immunological diseases, nephrological diseases, gastrointestinal diseases, pulmonary/respiratory diseases, and many cancers. With more ion channel structures are being solved and functional robust assays are being developed, there are tremendous opportunities for identifying specific modulators targeting ion channels for new therapy.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yani Liu
- Department of Pharmacology, Qingdao University School of Pharmacy, Qingdao, China
| | - KeWei Wang
- Department of Pharmacology, Qingdao University School of Pharmacy, Qingdao, China.
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222
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Chen Z, Sun T, Qing G. cAMP-modulated biomimetic ionic nanochannels based on a smart polymer. J Mater Chem B 2019. [DOI: 10.1039/c9tb00639g] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/29/2022]
Abstract
Dynamic gating behaviour of ionic nanochannel is precisely manipulated by cyclic 3′,5′-adenosine monophosphate (cAMP) by taking advantage of reversible conformational transition of the smart polymer chains in response to cAMP specific adsorption, which provides a new idea for developing smart nanochannels regulated by crucial signal-biomolecules.
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Affiliation(s)
- Zhixiang Chen
- State Key Laboratory of Advanced Technology for Materials Synthesis and Processing
- Wuhan University of Technology
- Wuhan 430070
- P. R. China
- Key Laboratory of Separation Science for Analytical Chemistry
| | - Taolei Sun
- State Key Laboratory of Advanced Technology for Materials Synthesis and Processing
- Wuhan University of Technology
- Wuhan 430070
- P. R. China
| | - Guangyan Qing
- Key Laboratory of Separation Science for Analytical Chemistry
- Dalian Institute of Chemical Physics
- Chinese Academy of Sciences
- Dalian 116023
- P. R. China
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223
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Wang AQ, Kong LN, Meng MZ, Zhao XH, Chen S, Wang XT. Mechanisms by which fibroblast growth factor 20 improves motor performance in a mouse model of Parkinson's disease. Neural Regen Res 2019; 14:1438-1444. [PMID: 30964070 PMCID: PMC6524521 DOI: 10.4103/1673-5374.253527] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/14/2022] Open
Abstract
Genome-wide studies have reported that Parkinson’s disease is associated with abnormal expression of various growth factors. In this study, male C57BL/6 mice aged 10 weeks were used to establish Parkinson’s disease models using an intraperitoneal injection of 60 mg/kg 1-methyl-4-phenyl-1,2,3,6-tetrahydropyridine. 28 days later, 10 or 100 ng fibroblast growth factor 20 was injected intracerebroventricularly. The electrophysiological changes in the mouse hippocampus were recorded using a full-cell patch clamp. Expression of Kv4.2 in the substantia nigra was analyzed using a western blot assay. Serum malondialdehyde levels were analyzed by enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay. The motor coordination of mice was evaluated using the rotarod test. The results showed that fibroblast growth factor 20 decreased A-type potassium current in neurons of the substantia nigra, increased long-term potentiation amplitude in the hippocampus, and downregulated Kv4.2 expression. A high dose of fibroblast growth factor 20 reduced serum malondialdehyde levels and enhanced the motor coordination of mice. These findings confirm that fibroblast growth factor 20 has a therapeutic effect on the toxicity induced by 1-methyl-4-phenyl-1,2,3,6-tetrahydropyridine, and its mechanism of action is associated with the inhibition of A-type K+ currents and Kv4.2 expression. All animal procedures were approved by the Animal Care and Use Committee of Qilu Hospital of Shandong University, China in 2017 (approval No. KYLL-2017-0012).
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Affiliation(s)
- Ai-Qin Wang
- Qilu Hospital of Shandong University, Jinan, Shandong Province, China
| | - Li-Na Kong
- Qilu Hospital of Shandong University, Jinan, Shandong Province, China
| | - Ming-Zhu Meng
- Qilu Hospital of Shandong University, Jinan, Shandong Province, China
| | - Xiu-He Zhao
- Qilu Hospital of Shandong University, Jinan, Shandong Province, China
| | - Si Chen
- Qilu Hospital of Shandong University, Jinan, Shandong Province, China
| | - Xiao-Tang Wang
- Qilu Hospital of Shandong University, Jinan, Shandong Province, China
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224
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Landfear SM. Protean permeases: Diverse roles for membrane transport proteins in kinetoplastid protozoa. Mol Biochem Parasitol 2018; 227:39-46. [PMID: 30590069 DOI: 10.1016/j.molbiopara.2018.12.006] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/06/2018] [Revised: 12/13/2018] [Accepted: 12/19/2018] [Indexed: 11/26/2022]
Abstract
Kinetoplastid parasites such as Trypanosoma brucei, Trypanosoma cruzi, and Leishmania species rely upon their insect and vertebrate hosts to provide a plethora of nutrients throughout their life cycles. Nutrients and ions critical for parasite survival are taken up across the parasite plasma membrane by transporters and channels, polytopic membrane proteins that provide substrate-specific pores across the hydrophobic barrier. However, transporters and channels serve a wide range of biological functions beyond uptake of nutrients. This article highlights the diversity of activities that these integral membrane proteins serve and underscores the emerging complexity of their functions.
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Affiliation(s)
- Scott M Landfear
- Department of Molecular Microbiology & Immunology, Oregon Health & Science University, Portland, OR, 97239, USA.
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225
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Tykocki NR, Heppner TJ, Dalsgaard T, Bonev AD, Nelson MT. The K V 7 channel activator retigabine suppresses mouse urinary bladder afferent nerve activity without affecting detrusor smooth muscle K + channel currents. J Physiol 2018; 597:935-950. [PMID: 30536555 DOI: 10.1113/jp277021] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/18/2018] [Accepted: 12/06/2018] [Indexed: 01/20/2023] Open
Abstract
KEY POINTS KV 7 channels are a family of voltage-dependent K+ channels expressed in many cell types, which open in response to membrane depolarization to regulate cell excitability. Drugs that target KV 7 channels are used clinically to treat epilepsy. Interestingly, these drugs also cause urinary retention, but it was unclear how. In this study, we focused on two possible mechanisms by which retigabine could cause urinary retention: by decreasing smooth muscle excitability, or by decreasing sensory nerve outflow. Urinary bladder smooth muscle had no measurable KV 7 channel currents. However, the KV 7 channel agonist retigabine nearly abolished sensory nerve outflow from the urinary bladder during bladder filling. We conclude that KV 7 channel activation likely affects urinary bladder function by blocking afferent nerve outflow to the brain, which is key to sensing bladder fullness. ABSTRACT KV 7 channels are voltage-dependent K+ channels that open in response to membrane depolarization to regulate cell excitability. KV 7 activators, such as retigabine, were used to treat epilepsy but caused urinary retention. Using electrophysiological recordings from freshly isolated mouse urinary bladder smooth muscle (UBSM) cells, isometric contractility of bladder strips, and ex vivo measurements of bladder afferent activity, we explored the role of KV 7 channels as regulators of murine urinary bladder function. The KV 7 activator retigabine (10 μM) had no effect on voltage-dependent K+ currents or resting membrane potential of UBSM cells, suggesting that these cells lacked retigabine-sensitive KV 7 channels. The KV 7 inhibitor XE-991 (10 μM) inhibited UBSM K+ currents; the properties of these currents, however, were typical of KV 2 channels and not KV 7 channels. Retigabine inhibited voltage-dependent Ca2+ channel (VDCC) currents and reduced steady-state contractions to 60 mM KCl in bladder strips, suggesting that reduction in VDCC current was sufficient to directly affect UBSM function. To determine if retigabine altered ex vivo bladder sensory outflow, we measured afferent activity during simulated transient contractions (TCs) of the bladder wall. Simulated TCs caused bursts of afferent activity that were nearly abolished by retigabine. The effects of retigabine were blocked by co-incubation with XE-991, suggesting specific activation of KV 7 channels on afferent nerves. These results indicate that retigabine primarily affects urinary bladder function by inhibiting TC generation and afferent nerve activity, which are key to sensing bladder fullness. Any direct inhibition of UBSM contractility is likely to be from non-specific effects on VDCCs and KV 2 channels.
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Affiliation(s)
- Nathan R Tykocki
- Department of Pharmacology, University of Vermont, Burlington, VT, 05405, USA
| | - Thomas J Heppner
- Department of Pharmacology, University of Vermont, Burlington, VT, 05405, USA
| | | | - Adrian D Bonev
- Department of Pharmacology, University of Vermont, Burlington, VT, 05405, USA
| | - Mark T Nelson
- Department of Pharmacology, University of Vermont, Burlington, VT, 05405, USA.,Institute of Cardiovascular Sciences, University of Manchester, Manchester, UK
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226
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Leippe P, Winter N, Sumser MP, Trauner D. Optical Control of a Delayed Rectifier and a Two-Pore Potassium Channel with a Photoswitchable Bupivacaine. ACS Chem Neurosci 2018; 9:2886-2891. [PMID: 30001098 DOI: 10.1021/acschemneuro.8b00279] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/17/2022] Open
Abstract
Photoswitchable blockers of potassium channels can be used to optically control neuronal excitability and hold great promise for vision restoration. Here, we report a series of improved photoswitchable blockers that are furnished with a new pharmacophore based on the local anesthetic bupivacaine. These azobupivacaines (ABs) enable optical control over the delayed rectifier channel Kv2.1. and target the two-pore domain potassium channel TREK-1. For the first time, we have identified a compound that blocks conductance in the dark and potentiates it upon illumination. Using light as a trigger, ABs efficiently and reversibly silence action potential firing of hippocampal neurons in acute mouse brain slices.
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Affiliation(s)
- Philipp Leippe
- Department of Chemistry and Center for Integrated Protein Science, LMU Munich, Butenandtstr. 5-13, 81377 Munich, Germany
| | - Nils Winter
- Department of Chemistry and Center for Integrated Protein Science, LMU Munich, Butenandtstr. 5-13, 81377 Munich, Germany
| | - Martin P. Sumser
- Department of Chemistry and Center for Integrated Protein Science, LMU Munich, Butenandtstr. 5-13, 81377 Munich, Germany
| | - Dirk Trauner
- Department of Chemistry and Center for Integrated Protein Science, LMU Munich, Butenandtstr. 5-13, 81377 Munich, Germany
- Department of Chemistry, Silver Center for Arts and Science, New York University, 100 Washington Square East, New York, New York 10003, United States
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Hutchings CJ, Colussi P, Clark TG. Ion channels as therapeutic antibody targets. MAbs 2018; 11:265-296. [PMID: 30526315 PMCID: PMC6380435 DOI: 10.1080/19420862.2018.1548232] [Citation(s) in RCA: 74] [Impact Index Per Article: 12.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/20/2018] [Revised: 11/01/2018] [Accepted: 11/03/2018] [Indexed: 12/12/2022] Open
Abstract
It is now well established that antibodies have numerous potential benefits when developed as therapeutics. Here, we evaluate the technical challenges of raising antibodies to membrane-spanning proteins together with enabling technologies that may facilitate the discovery of antibody therapeutics to ion channels. Additionally, we discuss the potential targeting opportunities in the anti-ion channel antibody landscape, along with a number of case studies where functional antibodies that target ion channels have been reported. Antibodies currently in development and progressing towards the clinic are highlighted.
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Affiliation(s)
| | | | - Theodore G. Clark
- TetraGenetics Inc, Arlington Massachusetts, USA
- Department of Microbiology and Immunology, Cornell University, Ithaca New York, USA
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228
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Lin J, Guha S, Ramanathan S. Vanadium Dioxide Circuits Emulate Neurological Disorders. Front Neurosci 2018; 12:856. [PMID: 30555289 PMCID: PMC6284030 DOI: 10.3389/fnins.2018.00856] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/31/2018] [Accepted: 11/01/2018] [Indexed: 12/12/2022] Open
Abstract
Information in the central nervous system (CNS) is conducted via electrical signals known as action potentials and is encoded in time. Several neurological disorders including depression, Attention Deficit Hyperactivity Disorder (ADHD), originate in faulty brain signaling frequencies. Here, we present a Hodgkin-Huxley model analog for a strongly correlated VO2 artificial neuron system that undergoes an electrically-driven insulator-metal transition. We demonstrate that tuning of the insulating phase resistance in VO2 threshold switch circuits can enable direct mimicry of neuronal origins of disorders in the CNS. The results introduce use of circuits based on quantum materials as complementary to model animal studies for neuroscience, especially when precise measurements of local electrical properties or competing parallel paths for conduction in complex neural circuits can be a challenge to identify onset of breakdown or diagnose early symptoms of disease.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jianqiang Lin
- Center for Nanoscale Materials, Argonne National Laboratory, Lemont, IL, United States.,Institute for Molecular Engineering, University of Chicago, Chicago, IL, United States
| | - Supratik Guha
- Center for Nanoscale Materials, Argonne National Laboratory, Lemont, IL, United States.,Institute for Molecular Engineering, University of Chicago, Chicago, IL, United States
| | - Shriram Ramanathan
- School of Materials Engineering, Purdue University, West Lafayette, IN, United States.,School of Electrical and Computer Engineering, Purdue University, West Lafayette, IN, United States
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229
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Koide M, Moshkforoush A, Tsoukias NM, Hill-Eubanks DC, Wellman GC, Nelson MT, Dabertrand F. The yin and yang of K V channels in cerebral small vessel pathologies. Microcirculation 2018; 25. [PMID: 29247493 DOI: 10.1111/micc.12436] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/29/2017] [Accepted: 12/08/2017] [Indexed: 12/14/2022]
Abstract
Cerebral SVDs encompass a group of genetic and sporadic pathological processes leading to brain lesions, cognitive decline, and stroke. There is no specific treatment for SVDs, which progress silently for years before becoming clinically symptomatic. Here, we examine parallels in the functional defects of PAs in CADASIL, a monogenic form of SVD, and in response to SAH, a common type of hemorrhagic stroke that also targets the brain microvasculature. Both animal models exhibit dysregulation of the voltage-gated potassium channel, KV 1, in arteriolar myocytes, an impairment that compromises responses to vasoactive stimuli and impacts CBF autoregulation and local dilatory responses to neuronal activity (NVC). However, the extent to which this channelopathy-like defect ultimately contributes to these pathologies is unknown. Combining experimental data with computational modeling, we describe the role of KV 1 channels in the regulation of myocyte membrane potential at rest and during the modest increase in extracellular potassium associated with NVC. We conclude that PA resting membrane potential and myogenic tone depend strongly on KV 1.2/1.5 channel density, and that reciprocal changes in KV channel density in CADASIL and SAH produce opposite effects on extracellular potassium-mediated dilation during NVC.
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Affiliation(s)
- Masayo Koide
- Department of Pharmacology, University of Vermont, Burlington, VT, USA
| | - Arash Moshkforoush
- Department of Biomedical Engineering, Florida International University, Miami, FL, USA
| | - Nikolaos M Tsoukias
- Department of Biomedical Engineering, Florida International University, Miami, FL, USA
| | | | - George C Wellman
- Department of Pharmacology, University of Vermont, Burlington, VT, USA
| | - Mark T Nelson
- Department of Pharmacology, University of Vermont, Burlington, VT, USA.,Institute of Cardiovascular Sciences, University of Manchester, Manchester, UK
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230
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Qu C, Sun J, Liu Y, Wang X, Wang L, Han C, Chen Q, Guan T, Li H, Zhang Y, Wang Y, Liu J, Zou W, Liu J. Caveolin-1 facilitated KCNA5 expression, promoting breast cancer viability. Oncol Lett 2018; 16:4829-4838. [PMID: 30250548 PMCID: PMC6144920 DOI: 10.3892/ol.2018.9261] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/19/2017] [Accepted: 04/16/2018] [Indexed: 12/17/2022] Open
Abstract
Potassium voltage-gated channel subfamily A member 5 (KCNA5) is a voltage-gated potassium channel protein encoded by the KCNA5 gene. A large number of studies have shown that KCNA5 is associated with the survival of malignant tumors, including breast cancer, but the detailed mechanism remains inconclusive. Our previous study found that KCNA5 is co-expressed with a scaffolding protein, caveolin-1 in MCF-10A-neoT non-tumorigenic epithelial cell. In the present study, KCNA5 and caveolin-1 were expressed in breast cancer tissues and cell lines. Exposing MCF-10A-neoT to 2 mM of methyl-β-cyclodextrin, an agent to disrupt caveolae and lipid rafts led to a downregulation of caveolin-1 that reduced the expression of KCNA5. Furthermore, following caveolin-1 knockdown, the expression of KCNA5 was decreased in MDA-MB-231 human breast cancer and MCF-10A-neoT non-tumorigenic epithelial cell lines. In subsequent experiments, the MTT assay showed that increased caveolin-1 and KCNA5 expression promoted the survival of MCF-7 human breast cancer cells, but cell survival was not affected following KCNA5 overexpression alone. Using small interfering RNA technology, KCNA5-silenced MCF-10A-neoT cells were established and a decreased level of phosphorylated-AKT serine/threonine kinase (AKT) was observed in the cells compared with the parental cells. Overall, these results suggested that caveolin-1 facilitated KCNA5 expression and may be associated with AKT activation.
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Affiliation(s)
- Chao Qu
- College of Life Science, Liaoning Normal University, Dalian, Liaoning 116029, P.R. China.,Centre for Regenerative Medicine, First Affiliated Hospital of Dalian Medical University, Dalian, Liaoning 116085, P.R. China.,No. 210 Hospital of Chinese People's Liberation Army, Dalian, Liaoning 116021, P.R. China
| | - Jia Sun
- College of Life Science, Liaoning Normal University, Dalian, Liaoning 116029, P.R. China
| | - Ying Liu
- College of Life Science, Liaoning Normal University, Dalian, Liaoning 116029, P.R. China.,Institute for Translational Medicine, Qingdao University, Qingdao, Shandong 266021, P.R. China
| | - Xiaobo Wang
- No. 210 Hospital of Chinese People's Liberation Army, Dalian, Liaoning 116021, P.R. China
| | - Lifen Wang
- The Second Affiliated Hospital of Dalian Medical University, Dalian, Liaoning 116027, P.R. China
| | - Chao Han
- College of Life Science, Liaoning Normal University, Dalian, Liaoning 116029, P.R. China.,Centre for Regenerative Medicine, First Affiliated Hospital of Dalian Medical University, Dalian, Liaoning 116085, P.R. China
| | - Qian Chen
- College of Life Science, Liaoning Normal University, Dalian, Liaoning 116029, P.R. China
| | - Tianhui Guan
- College of Life Science, Liaoning Normal University, Dalian, Liaoning 116029, P.R. China
| | - Hongyan Li
- College of Life Science, Liaoning Normal University, Dalian, Liaoning 116029, P.R. China
| | - Yejun Zhang
- College of Life Science, Liaoning Normal University, Dalian, Liaoning 116029, P.R. China
| | - Yang Wang
- College of Life Science, Liaoning Normal University, Dalian, Liaoning 116029, P.R. China.,Department of Medical Microbiology and Immunology, Creighton University School of Medicine, Omaha, NE 68178, USA
| | - Jia Liu
- College of Life Science, Liaoning Normal University, Dalian, Liaoning 116029, P.R. China
| | - Wei Zou
- College of Life Science, Liaoning Normal University, Dalian, Liaoning 116029, P.R. China
| | - Jing Liu
- Centre for Regenerative Medicine, First Affiliated Hospital of Dalian Medical University, Dalian, Liaoning 116085, P.R. China
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231
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K V1.2 channel-specific blocker from Mesobuthus eupeus scorpion venom: Structural basis of selectivity. Neuropharmacology 2018; 143:228-238. [PMID: 30248306 DOI: 10.1016/j.neuropharm.2018.09.030] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/11/2018] [Revised: 08/25/2018] [Accepted: 09/20/2018] [Indexed: 12/14/2022]
Abstract
Scorpion venom is an unmatched source of selective high-affinity ligands of potassium channels. There is a high demand for such compounds to identify and manipulate the activity of particular channel isoforms. The objective of this study was to obtain and characterize a specific ligand of voltage-gated potassium channel KV1.2. As a result, we report the remarkable selectivity of the peptide MeKTx11-1 (α-KTx 1.16) from Mesobuthus eupeus scorpion venom to this channel isoform. MeKTx11-1 is a high-affinity blocker of KV1.2 (IC50 ∼0.2 nM), while its activity against KV1.1, KV1.3, and KV1.6 is 10 000, 330 and 45 000 fold lower, respectively, as measured using the voltage-clamp technique on mammalian channels expressed in Xenopus oocytes. Two substitutions, G9V and P37S, convert MeKTx11-1 to its natural analog MeKTx11-3 (α-KTx 1.17) having 15 times lower activity and reduced selectivity to KV1.2. We produced MeKTx11-1 and MeKTx11-3 as well as their mutants MeKTx11-1(G9V) and MeKTx11-1(P37S) recombinantly and demonstrated that point mutations provide an intermediate effect on selectivity. Key structural elements that explain MeKTx11-1 specificity were identified by molecular modeling of the toxin-channel complexes. Confirming our molecular modeling predictions, site-directed transfer of these elements from the pore region of KV1.2 to KV1.3 resulted in the enhanced sensitivity of mutant KV1.3 channels to MeKTx11-1. We conclude that MeKTx11-1 may be used as a selective tool in neurobiology.
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232
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Xu J, Wang Y, Zhang Y, Dang S, He S. Astemizole promotes the anti-tumor effect of vitamin D through inhibiting miR-125a-5p-meidated regulation of VDR in HCC. Biomed Pharmacother 2018; 107:1682-1691. [PMID: 30257386 DOI: 10.1016/j.biopha.2018.08.153] [Citation(s) in RCA: 19] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/27/2018] [Revised: 08/09/2018] [Accepted: 08/28/2018] [Indexed: 12/20/2022] Open
Abstract
Hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC) accounts for the fifth most common cancer worldwide. Vitamin D and antihistamines have been shown to play an anti-tumor role in various tumors. In the present study, we ought to investigate the synergistic effect of astemizole and Vitamin D in HCC cells. We showed that astemizole enhanced the anti-tumor effect of Vitamin D in HCC both in vitro and in vivo. Astemizole enhanced Vitamin D-induced decrease of cell viability and proliferation, increase of apoptosis, decrease of cell migration and invasion in HCC cells in vitro and decrease of tumor number, mass and incidence in HCC in vivo. Astemizole increased VDR expression both in HCC cells in vitro and in tumor tissues in vivo. Downregulation of VDR significantly inhibited the synergistic effect of Vitamin D and astemizole on HCC cell viability, proliferation, apoptosis, migration and invasion. Bioinformatics analysis identified that miR-125a-5p had a putative binding site in the 3'-UTR of VDR. miR-125a-5p mimics inhibited astemizole-induced increase of VDR and enhancement of the anti-tumor effect of Vitamin D in HCC. Reporter gene assay has confirmed that VDR was regulated by miR-125a-5p. miR-125a-5p inhibitors increased VDR expression and decreased cell viability and proliferation in HCC cells. Moreover, VDR and miR-125a-5p expression in tumor tissues in HCC patients were negatively correlated. We identified that inhibition of miR-125a-5p and subsequent upregulation of VDR was involved in astemizole-induced enhancement of the anti-tumor effect of Vitamin D in HCC. These results highlight the importance of combined treatment of astemizole and Vitamin D and provide novel insights into the role of miR-125a-5p-VDR signaling in HCC.
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Affiliation(s)
- Junli Xu
- Department of Gastroenterology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Xi'an Jiaotong University, Xi'an, 710061, China; Department of Geriatric Gastroenterology, Xi'an No. 1 Hospital, Xi'an 710002, China
| | - Yan Wang
- Department of Critical Care Medicine, Shaanxi Provincial People's Hospital, Xi'an, 710068, China
| | - Ya Zhang
- Department of Gynaecology and Obstetrics, Shaanxi Provincial People's Hospital, Xi'an, 710068, China
| | - Shan Dang
- Department of Gastroenterology 2, Shaanxi Provincial People's Hospital, Xi'an, 710068, China
| | - Shuixiang He
- Department of Gastroenterology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Xi'an Jiaotong University, Xi'an, 710061, China.
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233
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Tadros MA, Zouikr I, Hodgson DM, Callister RJ. Excitability of Rat Superficial Dorsal Horn Neurons Following a Neonatal Immune Challenge. Front Neurol 2018; 9:743. [PMID: 30245664 PMCID: PMC6137193 DOI: 10.3389/fneur.2018.00743] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/30/2018] [Accepted: 08/17/2018] [Indexed: 12/15/2022] Open
Abstract
Previous studies have shown that neonatal exposure to a mild inflammatory challenge, such as lipopolysaccharide (LPS, Salmonella enteriditis) results in altered pain behaviors later in life. To further characterize the impact of a neonatal immune challenge on pain processing, we examined the excitability of superficial dorsal horn (SDH) neurons following neonatal LPS exposure and subsequent responses to noxious stimulation at three time-points during early postnatal development. Wistar rats were injected with LPS (0.05 mg/kg i.p.) or saline on postnatal days (PNDs) 3 and 5, and later subjected to the formalin test at PNDs 7, 13, and 22. One hour after formalin injection into the plantar hindpaw, animals were euthanized (Ketamine, 100 mg/kg i.p.) and transverse slices from the lumbosacral spinal cord were prepared. Whole-cell patch-clamp recordings were made from SDH neurons (KCH3SO4-based internal, 22–24°C) on the ipsi- and contralateral sides of the spinal cord. Depolarising current steps were injected into SDH neurons to categorize action potential (AP) discharge. In both saline- and LPS-treated rats we observed age-related increases the percentage of neurons exhibiting tonic-firing, with concurrent decreases in single-spiking, between PND 7 and 22. In contrast, neonatal exposure to LPS failed to alter the proportions of AP discharge patterns at any age examined. We also assessed the subthreshold currents that determine AP discharge in SDH neurons. The rapid outward potassium current, IAr decreased in prevalence with age, but was susceptible to neonatal LPS exposure. Peak IAr current amplitude was greater in ipsilateral vs. contralateral SDH neurons from LPS-treated rats. Spontaneous excitatory synaptic currents (sEPSCs) were recorded to assess network excitability. Age-related increases were observed in sEPSC frequency and time course, but not peak amplitude, in both saline- and LPS-treated rats. Furthermore, sEPSC frequency was higher in ipsilateral vs. contralateral SDH neurons in LPS-treated animals. Taken together, these data suggest a neonatal immune challenge does not markedly affect the intrinsic properties of SDH neurons, however, it can increase the excitability of local spinal cord networks via altering the properties of rapid A-type currents and excitatory synaptic connections. These changes, made in neurons within spinal cord pain circuits, have the capacity to alter nociceptive signaling in the ascending pain pathway.
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Affiliation(s)
- Melissa A Tadros
- Faculty of Health and Hunter Medical Research Institute, School of Biomedical Sciences and Pharmacy, University of Newcastle, Callaghan, NSW, Australia
| | - Ihssane Zouikr
- Laboratory for Molecular Mechanisms of Thalamus Development, RIKEN, Wako, Saitama, Japan
| | - Deborah M Hodgson
- Laboratory of Neuroimmunology, School of Psychology, University of Newcastle, Callaghan, NSW, Australia
| | - Robert J Callister
- Faculty of Health and Hunter Medical Research Institute, School of Biomedical Sciences and Pharmacy, University of Newcastle, Callaghan, NSW, Australia
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234
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Yang JF, Cheng N, Ren S, Liu XM, Li XT. Characterization and molecular basis for the block of Kv1.3 channels induced by carvedilol in HEK293 cells. Eur J Pharmacol 2018; 834:206-212. [PMID: 30016664 DOI: 10.1016/j.ejphar.2018.07.025] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/25/2018] [Revised: 07/04/2018] [Accepted: 07/13/2018] [Indexed: 10/28/2022]
Abstract
Carvedilol is a non-selective β-adrenoreceptor antagonist and exhibits a wide range of biological activities. The voltage-gated K+ (Kv) channel is one of the target ion channels of this compound. The rapidly activating Kv1.3 channel is expressed in several different tissues and plays an important role in the regulation of physiological functions, including cell proliferation and apoptosis. However, little is known about the possible action of carvedilol on Kv1.3 currents. Using the whole-cell configuration of the patch-clamp technique, we have revealed that exposure to carvedilol produced a concentration-dependent blocking of Kv1.3 channels heterologously expressed in HEK293 cells, with an IC50 value of 9.7 μM. This chemical decelerated the deactivation tail current of Kv1.3 currents, resulting in a tail crossover phenomenon. In addition, carvedilol generated a markedly hyperpolarizing shift (20 mV) of the inactivation curve, but failed to affect the activation curve. Mutagenesis experiments of Kv1.3 channels identified G427 and H451, two related sites of TEA block, as important residues for carvedilol-mediated blocking. The present results suggest that carvedilol acts directly on Kv1.3 currents by inducing closed- and open-channel block and helps to elucidate the mechanisms of action of this compound on Kv channels.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jin-Feng Yang
- College of Life Science, South-Central University for Nationalities, Wuhan 430074, China
| | - Neng Cheng
- College of Life Science, South-Central University for Nationalities, Wuhan 430074, China
| | - Sheng Ren
- College of Life Science, South-Central University for Nationalities, Wuhan 430074, China
| | - Xiang-Ming Liu
- GongQing Institute of Science and Technology, Gongqing City 332020, China
| | - Xian-Tao Li
- College of Life Science, South-Central University for Nationalities, Wuhan 430074, China.
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235
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Hu LB, Ban FF, Li HB, Qian PP, Shen QS, Zhao YY, Mo HZ, Zhou X. Thymol Induces Conidial Apoptosis in Aspergillus flavus via Stimulating K + Eruption. JOURNAL OF AGRICULTURAL AND FOOD CHEMISTRY 2018; 66:8530-8536. [PMID: 30044621 DOI: 10.1021/acs.jafc.8b02117] [Citation(s) in RCA: 19] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/08/2023]
Abstract
Aspergillus flavus is a notorious foodborne fungus, posing a significant risk to humans in the form of hepatocellular carcinoma or aspergillosis. Thymol, as a food preservative, could efficiently kill conidia of A. flavus. However, the underlying mechanisms by which thymol kills A. flavus are not completely understood. With specific fluorescent dyes, we detected several apoptotic hallmarks, including chromatin condensation, phosphatidylserine externalization, DNA damage, mitochondrial depolarization, and caspase 9 activation in conidia exposed to 200 μg/mL of thymol, indicating that thymol induced a caspase-dependent conidial apoptosis in A. flavus. Chemical-protein interactome (CPI) and autodock analyses showed that KCNAB, homologue to the β-subunit of the voltage-gated potassium channel (Kv) and aldo-keto reductase, was the potential target of thymol. Following studies demonstrated that thymol could activate the aldo-keto reductase activity of KCNAB in vitro and stimulate a transient K+ efflux in conidia, as determined using a Port-a-Patch. Blocking K+ eruption by 4-aminopyridine (a universal inhibitor of Kv) could significantly alleviate thymol-mediated conidial apoptosis, indicating that activation of Kv was responsible for the apoptosis. Taken together, our results revealed a K+ efflux-mediated apoptotic pathway in A. flavus, which greatly contributed to the development of an alternative strategy to control this pathogen.
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Affiliation(s)
- Liang-Bin Hu
- Department of Food Science , Henan Institute of Science and Technology , Xinxiang 453003 , China
| | - Fang-Fang Ban
- Department of Food Science , Henan Institute of Science and Technology , Xinxiang 453003 , China
| | - Hong-Bo Li
- Department of Food Science , Henan Institute of Science and Technology , Xinxiang 453003 , China
| | - Pan-Pan Qian
- Department of Food Science , Henan Institute of Science and Technology , Xinxiang 453003 , China
| | - Qing-Shan Shen
- Department of Food Science , Henan Institute of Science and Technology , Xinxiang 453003 , China
| | - Yan-Yan Zhao
- Department of Food Science , Henan Institute of Science and Technology , Xinxiang 453003 , China
| | - Hai-Zhen Mo
- Department of Food Science , Henan Institute of Science and Technology , Xinxiang 453003 , China
| | - Xiaohui Zhou
- Department of Pathobiology & Veterinary Science , University of Connecticut , 61 North Eagleville Road , Storrs , Connecticut 06269 , United States
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236
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Veytia-Bucheli JI, Jiménez-Vargas JM, Melchy-Pérez EI, Sandoval-Hernández MA, Possani LD, Rosenstein Y. K v1.3 channel blockade with the Vm24 scorpion toxin attenuates the CD4 + effector memory T cell response to TCR stimulation. Cell Commun Signal 2018; 16:45. [PMID: 30107837 PMCID: PMC6092819 DOI: 10.1186/s12964-018-0257-7] [Citation(s) in RCA: 20] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/01/2018] [Accepted: 08/02/2018] [Indexed: 12/26/2022] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND In T cells, the Kv1.3 and the KCa3.1 potassium channels regulate the membrane potential and calcium homeostasis. Notably, during TEM cell activation, the number of Kv1.3 channels on the cell membrane dramatically increases. Kv1.3 blockade results in inhibition of Ca2+ signaling in TEM cells, thus eliciting an immunomodulatory effect. Among the naturally occurring peptides, the Vm24 toxin from the Mexican scorpion Vaejovis mexicanus is the most potent and selective Kv1.3 channel blocker known, which makes it a promissory candidate for its use in the clinic. We have shown that addition of Vm24 to TCR-activated human T cells inhibits CD25 expression, cell proliferation and reduces delayed-type hypersensitivity reactions in a chronic inflammation model. Here, we used the Vm24 toxin as a tool to investigate the molecular events that follow Kv1.3 blockade specifically on human CD4+ TEM cells as they are actively involved in inflammation and are key mediators of autoimmune diseases. METHODS We combined cell viability, activation, and multiplex cytokine assays with a proteomic analysis to identify the biological processes affected by Kv1.3 blockade on healthy donors CD4+ TEM cells, following TCR activation in the presence or absence of the Vm24 toxin. RESULTS The peptide completely blocked Kv1.3 channels currents without impairing TEM cell viability, and in response to TCR stimulation, it inhibited the expression of the activation markers CD25 and CD40L (but not that of CD69), as well as the secretion of the pro-inflammatory cytokines IFN-γ and TNF and the anti-inflammatory cytokines IL-4, IL-5, IL-9, IL-10, and IL-13. These results, in combination with data from the proteomic analysis, indicate that the biological processes most affected by the blockade of Kv1.3 channels in a T cell activation context were cytokine-cytokine receptor interaction, mRNA processing via spliceosome, response to unfolded proteins and intracellular vesicle transport, targeting the cell protein synthesis machinery. CONCLUSIONS The Vm24 toxin, a highly specific inhibitor of Kv1.3 channels allowed us to define downstream functions of the Kv1.3 channels in human CD4+ TEM lymphocytes. Blocking Kv1.3 channels profoundly affects the mRNA synthesis machinery, the unfolded protein response and the intracellular vesicle transport, impairing the synthesis and secretion of cytokines in response to TCR engagement, underscoring the role of Kv1.3 channels in regulating TEM lymphocyte function.
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Affiliation(s)
- José Ignacio Veytia-Bucheli
- Departamento de Medicina Molecular y Bioprocesos, Instituto de Biotecnología, Universidad Nacional Autónoma de México, Av. Universidad 2001, Col. Chamilpa, 62210 Cuernavaca, Morelos Mexico
- Posgrado en Ciencias Bioquímicas, Universidad Nacional Autónoma de México, Mexico City, Mexico
| | - Juana María Jiménez-Vargas
- Departamento de Medicina Molecular y Bioprocesos, Instituto de Biotecnología, Universidad Nacional Autónoma de México, Av. Universidad 2001, Col. Chamilpa, 62210 Cuernavaca, Morelos Mexico
| | - Erika Isabel Melchy-Pérez
- Departamento de Medicina Molecular y Bioprocesos, Instituto de Biotecnología, Universidad Nacional Autónoma de México, Av. Universidad 2001, Col. Chamilpa, 62210 Cuernavaca, Morelos Mexico
| | - Monserrat Alba Sandoval-Hernández
- Departamento de Medicina Molecular y Bioprocesos, Instituto de Biotecnología, Universidad Nacional Autónoma de México, Av. Universidad 2001, Col. Chamilpa, 62210 Cuernavaca, Morelos Mexico
- Posgrado en Ciencias Bioquímicas, Universidad Nacional Autónoma de México, Mexico City, Mexico
| | - Lourival Domingos Possani
- Departamento de Medicina Molecular y Bioprocesos, Instituto de Biotecnología, Universidad Nacional Autónoma de México, Av. Universidad 2001, Col. Chamilpa, 62210 Cuernavaca, Morelos Mexico
| | - Yvonne Rosenstein
- Departamento de Medicina Molecular y Bioprocesos, Instituto de Biotecnología, Universidad Nacional Autónoma de México, Av. Universidad 2001, Col. Chamilpa, 62210 Cuernavaca, Morelos Mexico
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237
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Ehsan M, Ghani L, Du Y, Hariharan P, Mortensen JS, Ribeiro O, Hu H, Skiniotis G, Loland CJ, Guan L, Kobilka BK, Byrne B, Chae PS. New penta-saccharide-bearing tripod amphiphiles for membrane protein structure studies. Analyst 2018; 142:3889-3898. [PMID: 28913526 DOI: 10.1039/c7an01168g] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/27/2022]
Abstract
Integral membrane proteins either alone or as complexes carry out a range of key cellular functions. Detergents are indispensable tools in the isolation of membrane proteins from biological membranes for downstream studies. Although a large number of techniques and tools, including a wide variety of detergents, are available, purification and structural characterization of many membrane proteins remain challenging. In the current study, a new class of tripod amphiphiles bearing two different penta-saccharide head groups, designated TPSs, were developed and evaluated for their ability to extract and stabilize a range of diverse membrane proteins. Variations in the structures of the detergent head and tail groups allowed us to prepare three sets of the novel agents with distinctive structures. Some TPSs (TPS-A8 and TPS-E7) were efficient at extracting two proteins in a functional state while others (TPS-E8 and TPS-E10L) conferred marked stability to all membrane proteins (and membrane protein complexes) tested here compared to a conventional detergent. Use of TPS-E10L led to clear visualization of a receptor-Gs complex using electron microscopy, indicating profound potential in membrane protein research.
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Affiliation(s)
- Muhammad Ehsan
- Department of Bionanotechnology, Hanyang University, Ansan, 15588, Korea.
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238
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Di Lucente J, Nguyen HM, Wulff H, Jin LW, Maezawa I. The voltage-gated potassium channel Kv1.3 is required for microglial pro-inflammatory activation in vivo. Glia 2018; 66:1881-1895. [PMID: 30043400 DOI: 10.1002/glia.23457] [Citation(s) in RCA: 67] [Impact Index Per Article: 11.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/10/2017] [Revised: 04/26/2018] [Accepted: 05/02/2018] [Indexed: 11/09/2022]
Abstract
Microglia show a rich repertoire of activation patterns regulated by a complex ensemble of surface ion channels, receptors, and transporters. We and others have investigated whether microglia vary their K+ channel expression as a means to achieve functional diversity. However, most of the prior studies were conducted using in vitro models such as BV2 cells, primary microglia, or brain slices in culture, which may not accurately reflect microglia physiology in adult individuals. Here we employed an in vivo mouse model of selective innate immune activation by intracerebroventricular injection of lipopolysaccharides (ICV-LPS) to determine the role of the voltage-gated Kv1.3 channel in LPS-induced M1-like microglial activation. Using microglia acutely isolated from adult brains, we detected Kv1.3 and Kir2.1 currents, and found that ICV-LPS increased the current density and RNA expression of Kv1.3 but did not affect those of Kir2.1. Genetic knockout of Kv1.3 abolished LPS-induced microglial activation exemplified by Iba-1 immunoreactivity and expression of pro-inflammatory mediators such as IL-1β, TNF-α, IL-6, and iNOS. Moreover, Kv1.3 knockout mitigated the LPS-induced impairment of hippocampal long-term potentiation (hLTP), suggesting that Kv1.3 activity regulates pro-inflammatory microglial neurotoxicity. Pharmacological intervention using PAP-1, a small molecule that selectively blocks homotetrameric Kv1.3 channels, achieved anti-inflammatory and hLTP-recovery effects similar to Kv1.3 knockout. We conclude that Kv1.3 is required for microglial M1-like pro-inflammatory activation in vivo. A significant implication of our in vivo data is that Kv1.3 blockers could be therapeutic candidates for neurological diseases where microglia-mediated neurotoxicity is implicated in the pathogenesis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jacopo Di Lucente
- From the Department of Pathology and Laboratory Medicine and M.I.N.D. Institute, University of California Davis Medical Center, Sacramento, California
| | - Hai M Nguyen
- Department of Pharmacology, University of California, Davis, California
| | - Heike Wulff
- Department of Pharmacology, University of California, Davis, California
| | - Lee-Way Jin
- From the Department of Pathology and Laboratory Medicine and M.I.N.D. Institute, University of California Davis Medical Center, Sacramento, California
| | - Izumi Maezawa
- From the Department of Pathology and Laboratory Medicine and M.I.N.D. Institute, University of California Davis Medical Center, Sacramento, California
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239
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Tesei A, Cortesi M, Zamagni A, Arienti C, Pignatta S, Zanoni M, Paolillo M, Curti D, Rui M, Rossi D, Collina S. Sigma Receptors as Endoplasmic Reticulum Stress "Gatekeepers" and their Modulators as Emerging New Weapons in the Fight Against Cancer. Front Pharmacol 2018; 9:711. [PMID: 30042674 PMCID: PMC6048940 DOI: 10.3389/fphar.2018.00711] [Citation(s) in RCA: 48] [Impact Index Per Article: 8.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/21/2017] [Accepted: 06/12/2018] [Indexed: 12/13/2022] Open
Abstract
Despite the interest aroused by sigma receptors (SRs) in the area of oncology, their role in tumor biology remains enigmatic. The predominant subcellular localization and main site of activity of SRs are the endoplasmic reticulum (ER). Current literature data, including recent findings on the sigma 2 receptor subtype (S2R) identity, suggest that SRs may play a role as ER stress gatekeepers. Although SR endogenous ligands are still unknown, a wide series of structurally unrelated compounds able to bind SRs have been identified. Currently, the identification of novel antiproliferative molecules acting via SR interaction is a challenging task for both academia and industry, as shown by the fact that novel anticancer drugs targeting SRs are in the preclinical-stage pipeline of pharmaceutical companies (i.e., Anavex Corp. and Accuronix). So far, no clinically available anticancer drugs targeting SRs are still available. The present review focuses literature advancements and provides a state-of-the-art overview of SRs, with emphasis on their involvement in cancer biology and on the role of SR modulators as anticancer agents. Findings from preclinical studies on novel anticancer drugs targeting SRs are presented in brief.
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Affiliation(s)
- Anna Tesei
- Biosciences Laboratory, Istituto Scientifico Romagnolo per lo Studio e la Cura dei Tumori (IRCCS), Meldola, Italy
| | - Michela Cortesi
- Biosciences Laboratory, Istituto Scientifico Romagnolo per lo Studio e la Cura dei Tumori (IRCCS), Meldola, Italy
| | - Alice Zamagni
- Biosciences Laboratory, Istituto Scientifico Romagnolo per lo Studio e la Cura dei Tumori (IRCCS), Meldola, Italy
| | - Chiara Arienti
- Biosciences Laboratory, Istituto Scientifico Romagnolo per lo Studio e la Cura dei Tumori (IRCCS), Meldola, Italy
| | - Sara Pignatta
- Biosciences Laboratory, Istituto Scientifico Romagnolo per lo Studio e la Cura dei Tumori (IRCCS), Meldola, Italy
| | - Michele Zanoni
- Biosciences Laboratory, Istituto Scientifico Romagnolo per lo Studio e la Cura dei Tumori (IRCCS), Meldola, Italy
| | - Mayra Paolillo
- Pharmacology Section, Department of Drug Sciences, University of Pavia, Pavia, Italy
| | - Daniela Curti
- Laboratory of Cellular and Molecular Neuropharmacology, Department of Biology and Biotechnology 'L. Spallanzani', University of Pavia, Pavia, Italy
| | - Marta Rui
- Medicinal Chemistry and Pharmaceutical Technology Section, Department of Drug Sciences, University of Pavia, Pavia, Italy
| | - Daniela Rossi
- Medicinal Chemistry and Pharmaceutical Technology Section, Department of Drug Sciences, University of Pavia, Pavia, Italy
| | - Simona Collina
- Medicinal Chemistry and Pharmaceutical Technology Section, Department of Drug Sciences, University of Pavia, Pavia, Italy
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240
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Mackie TD, Brodsky JL. Investigating Potassium Channels in Budding Yeast: A Genetic Sandbox. Genetics 2018; 209:637-650. [PMID: 29967058 PMCID: PMC6028241 DOI: 10.1534/genetics.118.301026] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/11/2018] [Accepted: 05/15/2018] [Indexed: 12/26/2022] Open
Abstract
Like all species, the model eukaryote Saccharomyces cerevisiae, or Bakers' yeast, concentrates potassium in the cytosol as an electrogenic osmolyte and enzyme cofactor. Yeast are capable of robust growth on a wide variety of potassium concentrations, ranging from 10 µM to 2.5 M, due to the presence of a high-affinity potassium uptake system and a battery of cation exchange transporters. Genetic perturbation of either of these systems retards yeast growth on low or high potassium, respectively. However, these potassium-sensitized yeast are a powerful genetic tool, which has been leveraged for diverse studies. Notably, the potassium-sensitive cells can be transformed with plasmids encoding potassium channels from bacteria, plants, or mammals, and subsequent changes in growth rate have been found to correlate with the activity of the introduced potassium channel. Discoveries arising from the use of this assay over the past three decades have increased our understanding of the structure-function relationships of various potassium channels, the mechanisms underlying the regulation of potassium channel function and trafficking, and the chemical basis of potassium channel modulation. In this article, we provide an overview of the major genetic tools used to study potassium channels in S. cerevisiae, a survey of seminal studies utilizing these tools, and a prospective for the future use of this elegant genetic approach.
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Affiliation(s)
- Timothy D Mackie
- Department of Biological Sciences, University of Pittsburgh, Pennsylvania 15260
| | - Jeffrey L Brodsky
- Department of Biological Sciences, University of Pittsburgh, Pennsylvania 15260
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241
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S4-S5 linker movement during activation and inactivation in voltage-gated K + channels. Proc Natl Acad Sci U S A 2018; 115:E6751-E6759. [PMID: 29959207 DOI: 10.1073/pnas.1719105115] [Citation(s) in RCA: 34] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/12/2023] Open
Abstract
The S4-S5 linker physically links voltage sensor and pore domain in voltage-gated ion channels and is essential for electromechanical coupling between both domains. Little dynamic information is available on the movement of the cytosolic S4-S5 linker due to lack of a direct electrical or optical readout. To understand the movements of the gating machinery during activation and inactivation, we incorporated fluorescent unnatural amino acids at four positions along the linker of the Shaker KV channel. Using two-color voltage-clamp fluorometry, we compared S4-S5 linker movements with charge displacement, S4 movement, and pore opening. We found that the proximal S4-S5 linker moves with the S4 helix throughout the gating process, whereas the distal portion undergoes a separate motion related to late gating transitions. Both pore and S4-S5 linker undergo rearrangements during C-type inactivation. In presence of accelerated C-type inactivation, the energetic coupling between movement of the distal S4-S5 linker and pore opening disappears.
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242
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Lefranc F, Le Rhun E, Kiss R, Weller M. Glioblastoma quo vadis: Will migration and invasiveness reemerge as therapeutic targets? Cancer Treat Rev 2018; 68:145-154. [PMID: 30032756 DOI: 10.1016/j.ctrv.2018.06.017] [Citation(s) in RCA: 40] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/14/2018] [Revised: 06/19/2018] [Accepted: 06/21/2018] [Indexed: 12/18/2022]
Abstract
PURPOSE The purpose of the current review is to highlight, on one hand, the fact that the migratory pattern of glioma cells is the major obstacle to combat them with chemotherapy, and on the other one, the new treatment strategies to overcome this obstacle. METHODS This review surveys several membrane and extracellular molecules involved in glioma cell migration, invasiveness and resistance to apoptosis. RESULTS This review focuses on signaling pathways implicated in the positive regulation of glioblastoma cell migration, including glutamate and ion channel networks, microtubes and membrane-derived extracellular vesicles (EV) containing microRNAs. Glioma cells release glutamate to the extracellular matrix, inducing neuronal cell death, which may facilitate glioma growth and invasion. Glioma cell migration and invasion are further facilitated through ion channels and transporters that modify cellular volume. Microtubes and EV promote connections and communication among glioma cells and with the microenvironment and are associated with progression and resistance to therapy. Potential therapies linked to these pathways for glioblastoma are being developed. CONCLUSION Our view is evolving from an intracellular view of the complex intracellular signaling pathways to one of orchestral machinery, including connections between heterogeneous tumoral and nontumoral cells and with the microenvironment through channels, microtubes, and extracellular miRNA, generating different signals at different times. All of these elements give rise to a new perspective for the treatment of glioblastoma.
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Affiliation(s)
- Florence Lefranc
- Department of Neurosurgery, Hôpital Erasme; Université Libre de Bruxelles, Route de Lennik 808, 1070 Brussels, Belgium.
| | - Emilie Le Rhun
- University of Lille, U-1192, F-59000 Lille, France; Inserm, U-1192, F-59000 Lille, France; CHU Lille, General and Stereotaxic Neurosurgery Service, F-59000 Lille, France
| | | | - Michael Weller
- Department of Neurology, University Hospital & University of Zurich, Frauenklinikstrasse 26, CH-8091 Zurich, Switzerland
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243
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Das M, Du Y, Mortensen JS, Bae HE, Byrne B, Loland CJ, Kobilka BK, Chae PS. An Engineered Lithocholate-Based Facial Amphiphile Stabilizes Membrane Proteins: Assessing the Impact of Detergent Customizability on Protein Stability. Chemistry 2018; 24:9860-9868. [PMID: 29741269 DOI: 10.1002/chem.201801141] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/06/2018] [Revised: 04/27/2018] [Indexed: 01/06/2023]
Abstract
Amphiphiles are critical tools for the structural and functional study of membrane proteins. Membrane proteins encapsulated by conventional head-to-tail detergents tend to undergo structural degradation, necessitating the development of structurally novel agents with improved efficacy. In recent years, facial amphiphiles have yielded encouraging results in terms of membrane protein stability. Herein, we report a new facial detergent (i.e., LFA-C4) that confers greater stability to tested membrane proteins than the bola form analogue. Owing to the increased facial property and the adaptability of the detergent micelles in complex with different membrane proteins, LFA-C4 yields increased stability compared to n-dodecyl-β-d-maltoside (DDM). Thus, this study not only describes a novel maltoside detergent with enhanced protein-stabilizing properties, but also shows that the customizable nature of a detergent plays an important role in the stabilization of membrane proteins. Owing to both synthetic convenience and enhanced stabilization efficacy for a range of membrane proteins, the new agent has major potential in membrane protein research.
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Affiliation(s)
- Manabendra Das
- Department of Bionanotechnology, Hanyang University, Ansan, 155-88, Korea
| | - Yang Du
- Molecular and Cellular Physiology, Stanford, CA, 94305, USA
| | - Jonas S Mortensen
- Department of Neuroscience, University of Copenhagen, Copenhagen N, DK-2200, Denmark
| | - Hyoung Eun Bae
- Department of Bionanotechnology, Hanyang University, Ansan, 155-88, Korea
| | - Bernadette Byrne
- Department of Life Sciences, Imperial College London, London, SW7 2AZ, UK
| | - Claus J Loland
- Department of Neuroscience, University of Copenhagen, Copenhagen N, DK-2200, Denmark
| | | | - Pil Seok Chae
- Department of Bionanotechnology, Hanyang University, Ansan, 155-88, Korea
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244
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Choi SJ, Mukai J, Kvajo M, Xu B, Diamantopoulou A, Pitychoutis PM, Gou B, Gogos JA, Zhang H. A Schizophrenia-Related Deletion Leads to KCNQ2-Dependent Abnormal Dopaminergic Modulation of Prefrontal Cortical Interneuron Activity. Cereb Cortex 2018; 28:2175-2191. [PMID: 28525574 PMCID: PMC6018968 DOI: 10.1093/cercor/bhx123] [Citation(s) in RCA: 17] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/01/2016] [Revised: 03/25/2017] [Indexed: 02/06/2023] Open
Abstract
Altered prefrontal cortex function is implicated in schizophrenia (SCZ) pathophysiology and could arise from imbalance between excitation and inhibition (E/I) in local circuits. It remains unclear whether and how such imbalances relate to genetic etiologies. We used a mouse model of the SCZ-predisposing 22q11.2 deletion (Df(16)A+/- mice) to evaluate how this genetic lesion affects the excitability of layer V prefrontal pyramidal neurons and its modulation by dopamine (DA). Df(16)A+/- mice have normal balance between E/I at baseline but are unable to maintain it upon dopaminergic challenge. Specifically, in wild-type mice, D1 receptor (D1R) activation enhances excitability of layer V prefrontal pyramidal neurons and D2 receptor (D2R) activation reduces it. Whereas the excitatory effect upon D1R activation is enhanced in Df(16)A+/- mice, the inhibitory effect upon D2R activation is reduced. The latter is partly due to the inability of mutant mice to activate GABAergic parvalbumin (PV)+ interneurons through D2Rs. We further demonstrate that reduced KCNQ2 channel function in PV+ interneurons in Df(16)A+/- mice renders them less capable of inhibiting pyramidal neurons upon D2 modulation. Thus, DA modulation of PV+ interneurons and control of E/I are altered in Df(16)A+/- mice with a higher excitation and lower inhibition during dopaminergic modulation.
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Affiliation(s)
- Se Joon Choi
- Department of Neurology, Columbia University, New York, NY10032, USA
| | - Jun Mukai
- Department of Physiology and Cellular Biophysics, Columbia University, New York, NY 10032, USA
- Department of Psychiatry, College of Physicians and Surgeons, Columbia University, New York, NY 10032, USA
| | - Mirna Kvajo
- Department of Physiology and Cellular Biophysics, Columbia University, New York, NY 10032, USA
- Department of Psychiatry, College of Physicians and Surgeons, Columbia University, New York, NY 10032, USA
| | - Bin Xu
- Department of Psychiatry, College of Physicians and Surgeons, Columbia University, New York, NY 10032, USA
| | - Anastasia Diamantopoulou
- Department of Physiology and Cellular Biophysics, Columbia University, New York, NY 10032, USA
- Department of Psychiatry, College of Physicians and Surgeons, Columbia University, New York, NY 10032, USA
| | - Pothitos M Pitychoutis
- Department of Biology, Center for Tissue Regeneration and Engineering (TREND), University of Dayton, 300 College Park, Dayton, OH 45469, USA
| | - Bin Gou
- Department of Neuroscience, Thomas Jefferson University, Philadelphia, PA 19107, USA
| | - Joseph A Gogos
- Department of Physiology and Cellular Biophysics, Columbia University, New York, NY 10032, USA
- Department of Neuroscience, College of Physicians and Surgeons, Columbia University, New York, NY 10032, USA
| | - Hui Zhang
- Department of Neurology, Columbia University, New York, NY10032, USA
- Department of Psychiatry, College of Physicians and Surgeons, Columbia University, New York, NY 10032, USA
- Department of Neuroscience, Thomas Jefferson University, Philadelphia, PA 19107, USA
- Department of Neuroscience, Thomas Jefferson University, Philadelphia, PA 19107, USA
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245
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Vaeth M, Feske S. Ion channelopathies of the immune system. Curr Opin Immunol 2018; 52:39-50. [PMID: 29635109 PMCID: PMC6004246 DOI: 10.1016/j.coi.2018.03.021] [Citation(s) in RCA: 73] [Impact Index Per Article: 12.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/14/2018] [Revised: 03/18/2018] [Accepted: 03/20/2018] [Indexed: 01/25/2023]
Abstract
Ion channels and transporters move ions across membrane barriers and are essential for a host of cell functions in many organs. They conduct K+, Na+ and Cl-, which are essential for regulating the membrane potential, H+ to control intracellular and extracellular pH and divalent cations such as Ca2+, Mg2+ and Zn2+, which function as second messengers and cofactors for many proteins. Inherited channelopathies due to mutations in ion channels or their accessory proteins cause a variety of diseases in the nervous, cardiovascular and other tissues, but channelopathies that affect immune function are not as well studied. Mutations in ORAI1 and STIM1 genes that encode the Ca2+ release-activated Ca2+ (CRAC) channel in immune cells, the Mg2+ transporter MAGT1 and the Cl- channel LRRC8A all cause immunodeficiency with increased susceptibility to infection. Mutations in the Zn2+ transporters SLC39A4 (ZIP4) and SLC30A2 (ZnT2) result in nutritional Zn2+ deficiency and immune dysfunction. These channels, however, only represent a fraction of ion channels that regulate immunity as demonstrated by immune dysregulation in channel knockout mice. The immune system itself can cause acquired channelopathies that are associated with a variety of diseases of nervous, cardiovascular and endocrine systems resulting from autoantibodies binding to ion channels. These autoantibodies highlight the therapeutic potential of functional anti-ion channel antibodies that are being developed for the treatment of autoimmune, inflammatory and other diseases.
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Affiliation(s)
- Martin Vaeth
- Department of Pathology, New York University School of Medicine, New York, NY 10016, USA
| | - Stefan Feske
- Department of Pathology, New York University School of Medicine, New York, NY 10016, USA.
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246
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Sunanda P, Krishnarjuna B, Peigneur S, Mitchell ML, Estrada R, Villegas‐Moreno J, Pennington MW, Tytgat J, Norton RS. Identification, chemical synthesis, structure, and function of a new K
V
1 channel blocking peptide from
Oulactis
sp. Pept Sci (Hoboken) 2018. [DOI: 10.1002/pep2.24073] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/22/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Punnepalli Sunanda
- Medicinal ChemistryMonash Institute of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Monash University, 381 Royal ParadeParkville, VIC 3052 Australia
| | - Bankala Krishnarjuna
- Medicinal ChemistryMonash Institute of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Monash University, 381 Royal ParadeParkville, VIC 3052 Australia
| | - Steve Peigneur
- Department of Toxicology and PharmacologyUniversity of Leuven, O&N 2, Herestraat 49, P.O. Box 922Leuven, 3000 Belgium
| | - Michela L. Mitchell
- Medicinal ChemistryMonash Institute of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Monash University, 381 Royal ParadeParkville, VIC 3052 Australia
| | | | - Jessica Villegas‐Moreno
- Medicinal ChemistryMonash Institute of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Monash University, 381 Royal ParadeParkville, VIC 3052 Australia
- Centro de Investigaciones Químicas, Universidad Autónoma del Estado de MorelosCuernavaca México
| | | | - Jan Tytgat
- Department of Toxicology and PharmacologyUniversity of Leuven, O&N 2, Herestraat 49, P.O. Box 922Leuven, 3000 Belgium
| | - Raymond S. Norton
- Medicinal ChemistryMonash Institute of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Monash University, 381 Royal ParadeParkville, VIC 3052 Australia
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247
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Cortes S, Barette C, Beroud R, De Waard M, Schaack B. Functional characterization of cell-free expressed Kv1.3 channel using a voltage-sensitive fluorescent dye. Protein Expr Purif 2018; 145:94-99. [DOI: 10.1016/j.pep.2018.01.006] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/27/2017] [Revised: 01/17/2018] [Accepted: 01/17/2018] [Indexed: 12/19/2022]
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248
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Contribution of membrane receptor signalling to chronic visceral pain. Int J Biochem Cell Biol 2018; 98:10-23. [DOI: 10.1016/j.biocel.2018.02.017] [Citation(s) in RCA: 21] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/01/2017] [Revised: 02/15/2018] [Accepted: 02/19/2018] [Indexed: 12/18/2022]
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249
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Nassoiy SP, Babu FS, LaPorte HM, Byron KL, Majetschak M. Effects of the Kv7 voltage-activated potassium channel inhibitor linopirdine in rat models of haemorrhagic shock. Clin Exp Pharmacol Physiol 2018; 45:10.1111/1440-1681.12958. [PMID: 29702725 PMCID: PMC6204121 DOI: 10.1111/1440-1681.12958] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/26/2018] [Revised: 04/13/2018] [Accepted: 04/20/2018] [Indexed: 12/12/2022]
Abstract
Recently, we demonstrated that Kv7 voltage-activated potassium channel inhibitors reduce fluid resuscitation requirements in short-term rat models of haemorrhagic shock. The aim of the present study was to further delineate the therapeutic potential and side effect profile of the Kv7 channel blocker linopirdine in various rat models of severe haemorrhagic shock over clinically relevant time periods. Intravenous administration of linopirdine, either before (1 or 3 mg/kg) or after (3 mg/kg) a 40% blood volume haemorrhage, did not affect blood pressure and survival in lethal haemorrhage models without fluid resuscitation. A single bolus of linopirdine (3 mg/kg) at the beginning of fluid resuscitation after haemorrhagic shock transiently reduced early fluid requirements in spontaneously breathing animals that were resuscitated for 3.5 hours. When mechanically ventilated rats were resuscitated after haemorrhagic shock with normal saline (NS) or with linopirdine-supplemented (10, 25 or 50 μg/mL) NS for 4.5 hours, linopirdine significantly and dose-dependently reduced fluid requirements by 14%, 45% and 55%, respectively. Lung and colon wet/dry weight ratios were reduced with linopirdine (25/50 μg/mL). There was no evidence for toxicity or adverse effects based on measurements of routine laboratory parameters and inflammation markers in plasma and tissue homogenates. Our findings support the concept that linopirdine-supplementation of resuscitation fluids is a safe and effective approach to reduce fluid requirements and tissue oedema formation during resuscitation from haemorrhagic shock.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sean P. Nassoiy
- Burn and Shock Trauma Research Institute, Department of Surgery, Loyola University Chicago, Stritch School of Medicine
| | - Favin S. Babu
- Burn and Shock Trauma Research Institute, Department of Surgery, Loyola University Chicago, Stritch School of Medicine
| | - Heather M. LaPorte
- Burn and Shock Trauma Research Institute, Department of Surgery, Loyola University Chicago, Stritch School of Medicine
| | - Kenneth L. Byron
- Department of Molecular Pharmacology and Therapeutics, Loyola University Chicago, Stritch School of Medicine
| | - Matthias Majetschak
- Burn and Shock Trauma Research Institute, Department of Surgery, Loyola University Chicago, Stritch School of Medicine
- Department of Molecular Pharmacology and Therapeutics, Loyola University Chicago, Stritch School of Medicine
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250
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Design, synthesis and evaluation of substituted piperidine based KCNQ openers as novel antiepileptic agents. Bioorg Med Chem Lett 2018; 28:1731-1735. [PMID: 29706422 DOI: 10.1016/j.bmcl.2018.04.040] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/23/2018] [Revised: 03/30/2018] [Accepted: 04/14/2018] [Indexed: 12/31/2022]
Abstract
Epilepsy is a kind of disease with complicated pathogenesis. KCNQ (Kv7) is a voltage dependent potassium channel that is mostly associated with epilepsy and thus becomes an important target in the treatment of epilepsy. In this paper, a series of substituted piperidine derivatives targeting KCNQ were designed and synthesized by using scaffold hopping and active substructure hybridization. Compounds were evaluated by fluorescence-based thallium influx assay, Rb+ flow assay and electrophysiological patch-clamp assay. Results showed that some compounds possessed more potent potassium channel opening activity than Retigabine. More significantly, compound 11 was found to have good pharmacokinetic profiles in vivo.
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