201
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Chen X, Li LY, Jiang JL, Li K, Su ZB, Zhang FQ, Zhang WJ, Zhao GQ. Propofol elicits autophagy via endoplasmic reticulum stress and calcium exchange in C2C12 myoblast cell line. PLoS One 2018; 13:e0197934. [PMID: 29795639 PMCID: PMC5967754 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0197934] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/14/2016] [Accepted: 05/10/2018] [Indexed: 02/07/2023] Open
Abstract
In this study, we investigated the relationship between propofol and autophagy and examined whether this relationship depends on ER stress, production of ROS (reactive oxygen species), and disruption of calcium (Ca2+) homeostasis. To this end, we measured C2C12 cell apoptosis in vitro, along with Ca2+ levels; ROS production; and expression of proteins and genes associated with autophagy, Ca2+ homeostasis, and ER stress, including LC3 (microtubule-associate protein 1 light chain 3), p62, AMPK (adenosine 5'-monophosphate (AMP)-activated protein kinase), phosphorylated AMPK, mTOR (the mammalian target of rapamycin), phosphorylated mTOR, CHOP (C/BEP homologous protein), and Grp78/Bip (78 kDa glucose-regulated protein). We found that propofol treatment induced autophagy, ER stress, and Ca2+ release. The ratio of phosphorylated AMPK to AMPK increased, whereas the ratio of phosphorylated mTOR to mTOR decreased. Collectively, the data suggested that propofol induced autophagy in vitro through ER stress, resulting in elevated ROS and Ca2+. Additionally, co-administration of an ER stress inhibitor blunted the effect of propofol.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xi Chen
- Department of Anesthesiology, China-Japan Union Hospital of Jilin University, Changchun, China
| | - Long-Yun Li
- Department of Anesthesiology, China-Japan Union Hospital of Jilin University, Changchun, China
| | - Jin-Lan Jiang
- Department of Research Center, China-Japan Union Hospital of Jilin University, Changchun, China
| | - Kai Li
- Department of Anesthesiology, China-Japan Union Hospital of Jilin University, Changchun, China
| | - Zhen-Bo Su
- Department of Anesthesiology, China-Japan Union Hospital of Jilin University, Changchun, China
| | - Fu-Qiang Zhang
- Department of Research Center, China-Japan Union Hospital of Jilin University, Changchun, China
| | - Wen-Jing Zhang
- Department of Anesthesiology, China-Japan Union Hospital of Jilin University, Changchun, China
| | - Guo-Qing Zhao
- Department of Anesthesiology, China-Japan Union Hospital of Jilin University, Changchun, China
- * E-mail:
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202
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Abstract
Ferroptosis is a cell death process driven by damage to cell membranes and linked to numerous human diseases. Ferroptosis is caused by loss of activity of the key enzyme that is tasked with repairing oxidative damage to cell membranes—glutathione peroxidase 4 (GPX4). GPX4 normally removes the dangerous products of iron-dependent lipid peroxidation, protecting cell membranes from this type of damage; when GPX4 fails, ferroptosis ensues. Ferroptosis is distinct from apoptosis, necroptosis, necrosis, and other modes of cell death. Several key mysteries regarding how cells die during ferroptosis remain unsolved. First, the drivers of lipid peroxidation are not yet clear. Second, the subcellular location of lethal lipid peroxides remains an outstanding question. Finally, how exactly lipid peroxidation leads to cell death is an unsolved mystery. Answers to these questions will provide insights into the mechanisms of ferroptotic cell death and associated human diseases, as well as new therapeutic strategies for such diseases.
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203
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Increased mitochondrial respiration promotes survival from endoplasmic reticulum stress. Cell Death Differ 2018; 26:487-501. [PMID: 29795335 DOI: 10.1038/s41418-018-0133-4] [Citation(s) in RCA: 47] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/04/2018] [Revised: 04/20/2018] [Accepted: 05/06/2018] [Indexed: 12/17/2022] Open
Abstract
Protein misfolding in the endoplasmic reticulum (ER) is accompanied by adaptive cellular responses to promote cell survival. We now show that activation of mitochondrial respiration is a critical component of an adaptive ER stress response, requiring the unfolded protein response (UPR) sensor Ire1, and also calcium signaling via calcineurin. In yeast and mammalian cells lacking Ire1 or calcineurin, respiratory activation is impaired in response to ER stress; accumulation of mitochondrial reactive oxygen species (ROS) triggers cell death as abrogation of ROS by antioxidants or loss of the electron transport chain (in yeast) can rescue cells from death. Significantly, cells are rescued from ER stress-induced death by mitochondrial uncoupling by CCCP to increase O2 consumption (and increase the efficiency of electron transfer). Remarkably, genetic and pharmacologic strategies to promote mitochondrial biogenesis and increase O2 consumption also alleviate ER stress-mediated ROS and death in yeast and mammalian cells. Moreover, in a yeast genetic screen, three mitochondrial proteins Mrx9, Mrm1, and Aim19 that increase mitochondrial biogenesis were identified as high copy suppressors of ER stress-mediated cell death. Our results show that enhanced mitochondrial biogenesis, linked to improved efficiency of the electron transport chain, is a powerful strategy to block ROS accumulation and promote cell survival during ER stress in eukaryotic cells.
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204
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Pierce GF, Iorio A. Past, present and future of haemophilia gene therapy: From vectors and transgenes to known and unknown outcomes. Haemophilia 2018; 24 Suppl 6:60-67. [DOI: 10.1111/hae.13489] [Citation(s) in RCA: 29] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Accepted: 03/15/2018] [Indexed: 01/19/2023]
Affiliation(s)
- G. F. Pierce
- World Federation of Hemophilia; Montreal QC Canada
- World Federation of Hemophilia; Third Rock Ventures; San Francisco CA USA
| | - A. Iorio
- McMaster University; Hamilton ON Canada
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205
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Lee HY, Bae HK, Jung BD, Lee S, Park CK, Yang BK, Cheong HT. Analysis of Endoplasmic Reticulum (ER) Stress Induced during Somatic Cell Nuclear Transfer (SCNT) Process in Porcine SCNT Embryos. Dev Reprod 2018; 22:73-83. [PMID: 29707686 PMCID: PMC5915769 DOI: 10.12717/dr.2018.22.1.073] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/26/2018] [Revised: 03/11/2018] [Accepted: 03/24/2018] [Indexed: 11/25/2022]
Abstract
This study investigates the endoplasmic reticulum (ER) stress and subsequent
apoptosis in duced during somatic cell nuclear transfer (SCNT) process of
porcine SCNT embryos. Porcine SCNT and in vitro fertilization
(IVF) embryos were sampled at 3 h and 20 h after SCNT or IVF and at the
blastocyst stage for mRNA extraction. The x-box binding protein 1 (Xbp1) mRNA
and the expressions of ER stress-associated genes were confirmed by RT-PCR or
RT-qPCR. Apoptotic gene expression was analyzed by RT-PCR. Before commencing
SCNT, somatic cells treated with tunicamycin (TM), an ER stress inducer,
confirmed the splicing of Xbp1 mRNA and increased expressions of ER
stress-associated genes. In all the embryonic stages, the SCNT embryos, when
compared with the IVF embryos, showed slightly increased expression of spliced
Xbp1 (Xbp1s) mRNA and significantly increased expression of ER stress-associated
genes (p<0.05). In all stages, apoptotic gene expression
was slightly higher in the SCNT embryos, but not significantly different from
that of the IVF embryos except for the Bax/Bcl2L1 ratio in the 1-cell stage
(p<0.05). The result of this study indicates that
excessive ER stress can be induced by the SCNT process, which induce apoptosis
of SCNT embryos.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hwa-Yeon Lee
- College of Veterinary Medicine and Institute of Veterinary Science, Kangwon National University, Chuncheon 24341, Korea
| | - Hyo-Kyung Bae
- College of Veterinary Medicine and Institute of Veterinary Science, Kangwon National University, Chuncheon 24341, Korea
| | - Bae-Dong Jung
- College of Veterinary Medicine and Institute of Veterinary Science, Kangwon National University, Chuncheon 24341, Korea
| | - Seunghyung Lee
- College of Animal Life Sciences, Kangwon National University, Chuncheon 24341, Korea
| | - Choon-Keun Park
- College of Animal Life Sciences, Kangwon National University, Chuncheon 24341, Korea
| | - Boo-Keun Yang
- College of Animal Life Sciences, Kangwon National University, Chuncheon 24341, Korea
| | - Hee-Tae Cheong
- College of Veterinary Medicine and Institute of Veterinary Science, Kangwon National University, Chuncheon 24341, Korea
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206
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Critical Role of Zinc as Either an Antioxidant or a Prooxidant in Cellular Systems. OXIDATIVE MEDICINE AND CELLULAR LONGEVITY 2018; 2018:9156285. [PMID: 29743987 PMCID: PMC5884210 DOI: 10.1155/2018/9156285] [Citation(s) in RCA: 183] [Impact Index Per Article: 30.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/26/2017] [Revised: 01/09/2018] [Accepted: 01/16/2018] [Indexed: 01/11/2023]
Abstract
Zinc is recognized as an essential trace metal required for human health; its deficiency is strongly associated with neuronal and immune system defects. Although zinc is a redox-inert metal, it functions as an antioxidant through the catalytic action of copper/zinc-superoxide dismutase, stabilization of membrane structure, protection of the protein sulfhydryl groups, and upregulation of the expression of metallothionein, which possesses a metal-binding capacity and also exhibits antioxidant functions. In addition, zinc suppresses anti-inflammatory responses that would otherwise augment oxidative stress. The actions of zinc are not straightforward owing to its numerous roles in biological systems. It has been shown that zinc deficiency and zinc excess cause cellular oxidative stress. To gain insights into the dual action of zinc, as either an antioxidant or a prooxidant, and the conditions under which each role is performed, the oxidative stresses that occur in zinc deficiency and zinc overload in conjunction with the intracellular regulation of free zinc are summarized. Additionally, the regulatory role of zinc in mitochondrial homeostasis and its impact on oxidative stress are briefly addressed.
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207
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Abstract
Reactive oxygen species (ROS) are well known for their role in mediating both physiological and pathophysiological signal transduction. Enzymes and subcellular compartments that typically produce ROS are associated with metabolic regulation, and diseases associated with metabolic dysfunction may be influenced by changes in redox balance. In this review, we summarize the current literature surrounding ROS and their role in metabolic and inflammatory regulation, focusing on ROS signal transduction and its relationship to disease progression. In particular, we examine ROS production in compartments such as the cytoplasm, mitochondria, peroxisome, and endoplasmic reticulum and discuss how ROS influence metabolic processes such as proteasome function, autophagy, and general inflammatory signaling. We also summarize and highlight the role of ROS in the regulation metabolic/inflammatory diseases including atherosclerosis, diabetes mellitus, and stroke. In order to develop therapies that target oxidative signaling, it is vital to understand the balance ROS signaling plays in both physiology and pathophysiology, and how manipulation of this balance and the identity of the ROS may influence cellular and tissue homeostasis. An increased understanding of specific sources of ROS production and an appreciation for how ROS influence cellular metabolism may help guide us in the effort to treat cardiovascular diseases.
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Affiliation(s)
- Steven J Forrester
- From the Division of Cardiology, Department of Medicine, Emory University, Atlanta GA
| | - Daniel S Kikuchi
- From the Division of Cardiology, Department of Medicine, Emory University, Atlanta GA
| | - Marina S Hernandes
- From the Division of Cardiology, Department of Medicine, Emory University, Atlanta GA
| | - Qian Xu
- From the Division of Cardiology, Department of Medicine, Emory University, Atlanta GA
| | - Kathy K Griendling
- From the Division of Cardiology, Department of Medicine, Emory University, Atlanta GA.
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208
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Monoamine oxidase-dependent endoplasmic reticulum-mitochondria dysfunction and mast cell degranulation lead to adverse cardiac remodeling in diabetes. Cell Death Differ 2018; 25:1671-1685. [PMID: 29459772 PMCID: PMC6015497 DOI: 10.1038/s41418-018-0071-1] [Citation(s) in RCA: 51] [Impact Index Per Article: 8.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/21/2017] [Revised: 01/07/2018] [Accepted: 01/18/2018] [Indexed: 12/11/2022] Open
Abstract
Monoamine oxidase (MAO) inhibitors ameliorate contractile function in diabetic animals, but the mechanisms remain unknown. Equally elusive is the interplay between the cardiomyocyte alterations induced by hyperglycemia and the accompanying inflammation. Here we show that exposure of primary cardiomyocytes to high glucose and pro-inflammatory stimuli leads to MAO-dependent increase in reactive oxygen species that causes permeability transition pore opening and mitochondrial dysfunction. These events occur upstream of endoplasmic reticulum (ER) stress and are abolished by the MAO inhibitor pargyline, highlighting the role of these flavoenzymes in the ER/mitochondria cross-talk. In vivo, streptozotocin administration to mice induced oxidative changes and ER stress in the heart, events that were abolished by pargyline. Moreover, MAO inhibition prevented both mast cell degranulation and altered collagen deposition, thereby normalizing diastolic function. Taken together, these results elucidate the mechanisms underlying MAO-induced damage in diabetic cardiomyopathy and provide novel evidence for the role of MAOs in inflammation and inter-organelle communication. MAO inhibitors may be considered as a therapeutic option for diabetic complications as well as for other disorders in which mast cell degranulation is a dominant phenomenon.
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209
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Pathinayake PS, Hsu ACY, Waters DW, Hansbro PM, Wood LG, Wark PAB. Understanding the Unfolded Protein Response in the Pathogenesis of Asthma. Front Immunol 2018; 9:175. [PMID: 29472925 PMCID: PMC5810258 DOI: 10.3389/fimmu.2018.00175] [Citation(s) in RCA: 33] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/14/2017] [Accepted: 01/19/2018] [Indexed: 01/14/2023] Open
Abstract
Asthma is a heterogeneous, chronic inflammatory disease of the airways. It is a complex disease with different clinical phenotypes and results in a substantial socioeconomic burden globally. Poor understanding of pathogenic mechanisms of the disease hinders the investigation into novel therapeutics. Emerging evidence of the unfolded protein response (UPR) in the endoplasmic reticulum (ER) has demonstrated previously unknown functions of this response in asthma development. A worsening of asthmatic condition can be brought on by stimuli such as oxidative stress, pathogenic infections, and allergen exposure. All of which can induce ER stress and activate UPR leading to activation of different inflammatory responses and dysregulate the innate immune functions in the airways. The UPR as a central regulator of asthma pathogenesis may explain several unknown mechanism of the disease onset, which leads us in new directions for future asthma treatments. In this review, we summarize and discuss the causes and impact of ER–UPR in driving the pathogenesis of asthma and highlight its importance in clinical implications.
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Affiliation(s)
- Prabuddha S Pathinayake
- Priority Research Centre for Healthy Lungs, Hunter Medical Research Institute, University of Newcastle, Newcastle, NSW, Australia
| | - Alan C-Y Hsu
- Priority Research Centre for Healthy Lungs, Hunter Medical Research Institute, University of Newcastle, Newcastle, NSW, Australia
| | - David W Waters
- Priority Research Centre for Healthy Lungs, Hunter Medical Research Institute, University of Newcastle, Newcastle, NSW, Australia
| | - Philip M Hansbro
- Priority Research Centre for Healthy Lungs, Hunter Medical Research Institute, University of Newcastle, Newcastle, NSW, Australia
| | - Lisa G Wood
- Priority Research Centre for Healthy Lungs, Hunter Medical Research Institute, University of Newcastle, Newcastle, NSW, Australia
| | - Peter A B Wark
- Priority Research Centre for Healthy Lungs, Hunter Medical Research Institute, University of Newcastle, Newcastle, NSW, Australia.,Department of Respiratory and Sleep Medicine, John Hunter Hospital, Newcastle, NSW, Australia
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210
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Nrf2 protects human lens epithelial cells against H 2O 2-induced oxidative and ER stress: The ATF4 may be involved. Exp Eye Res 2018; 169:28-37. [PMID: 29421327 DOI: 10.1016/j.exer.2018.01.018] [Citation(s) in RCA: 44] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/23/2017] [Revised: 01/18/2018] [Accepted: 01/19/2018] [Indexed: 12/14/2022]
Abstract
Our previous study has shown heme oxygenase-1 (HO-1) protects human lens epithelial cells (LECs) against H2O2-induced oxidative stress and apoptosis. Nrf2, the major regulator of HO-1, is triggered during the mutual induction of oxidative stress and ER stress. In response to ER stress, unfolded protein response (UPR) serves as a program of transcriptional and translational regulation mechanism with PERK involved. Both Nrf2 and ATF4 are activated as the downstream effect of PERK signaling coordinating the convergence of dual stresses. However, the ways in which Nrf2 interacting with ATF4 regulates deteriorated redox state have not yet been fully explored. Here, the transfected LECs with Nrf2 overexpression illustrated enhanced resistance in morphology and viability upon H2O2 treatment condition. Intracellular ROS accumulation arouses ER stress, initiating PERK dependent UPR and inducing the downstream signal Nrf2 and ATF4 auto-phosphorylation. Further, converging at target promoters, ATF4 facilitates Nrf2 with the expression of ARE-dependent phase II antioxidant and detoxification enzymes. According to either Nrf2 or ATF4 gene modification, our data suggests a novel interaction between Nrf2 and ATF4 under oxidative and ER stress, thus drives specific enzymatic and non-enzymatic reactions of antioxidant mechanisms maintaining redox homeostasis. Therapies that restoring Nrf2 or ATF4 expression might help to postpone LECs aging and age-related cataract formation.
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211
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Maldonado-Agurto R, Dickson AJ. Multiplexed Digital mRNA Expression Analysis Profiles System-Wide Changes in mRNA Abundance and Responsiveness of UPR-Specific Gene Expression Changes During Batch Culture of Recombinant Chinese Hamster Ovary Cells. Biotechnol J 2018; 13:e1700429. [PMID: 29323465 DOI: 10.1002/biot.201700429] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/14/2017] [Revised: 01/03/2018] [Indexed: 01/04/2023]
Abstract
The unfolded protein response (UPR) signaling pathway is viewed as critical for setting the effectiveness of recombinant protein expression in CHO cells. In this study, Nanostring nCounter technology is used to study expression of a group of genes associated with cellular processes linked to UPR activation under ER stress and the changing environment of a batch culture. Time course induction of ER stress, using tunicamycin (TM), shows a group of genes such as Chop, Trb3, Sqstm1, Grp78, and Herpud1 respond rapidly to TM inhibition of N-glycosylation, while others such as Atf5, Odz4, and Birc5 exhibits a delayed response. In batch culture, expression of "classical" UPR markers only increases when cells enter decline phase. In addition to providing a detailed analysis of the expression of process-relevant UPR markers during batch culture and in response to imposed chemical stress, we also highlighted six genes (Herpud1, Odz4, Sqstm1, Trb3, Syvn1, and Birc5) associated with the perception of ER stress responses in recombinant CHO cells. Herpud1 (involved in ER-associated degradation) exhibits a rapid (primary) response to stress and its relationship (and that of the other five genes) to the overall cellular UPR may identify novel targets to modulate recombinant protein production in CHO cells.
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Affiliation(s)
- Rodrigo Maldonado-Agurto
- Programa Institucional de Fomento a la Investigación, Desarrollo e Innovación, Univ. Tecnológica Metropolitana, Ignacio Valdivieso 2409, San Joaquín, P.O. Box, 8940577, Santiago, Chile
| | - Alan J Dickson
- The University of Manchester, Faculty of Life Sciences, Manchester Institute of Biotechnology, M1 7DN, Manchester, United Kingdom
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212
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Jeong JS, Kim SR, Lee YC. Can Controlling Endoplasmic Reticulum Dysfunction Treat Allergic Inflammation in Severe Asthma With Fungal Sensitization? ALLERGY, ASTHMA & IMMUNOLOGY RESEARCH 2018; 10:106-120. [PMID: 29411551 PMCID: PMC5809759 DOI: 10.4168/aair.2018.10.2.106] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/10/2017] [Revised: 09/05/2017] [Accepted: 09/21/2017] [Indexed: 12/14/2022]
Abstract
Severe asthma is a heterogeneous disease entity to which diverse cellular components and pathogenetic mechanisms contribute. Current asthma therapies, including new biologic agents, are mainly targeting T helper type 2 cell-dominant inflammation, so that they are often unsatisfactory in the treatment of severe asthma. Respiratory fungal exposure has long been regarded as a precipitating factor for severe asthma phenotype. Moreover, as seen in clinical definitions of allergic bronchopulmonary aspergillosis (ABPA) and severe asthma with fungal sensitization (SAFS), fungal allergy-associated severe asthma phenotype is increasingly thought to have distinct pathobiologic mechanisms requiring different therapeutic approaches other than conventional treatment. However, there are still many unanswered questions on the direct causality of fungal sensitization in inducing severe allergic inflammation in SAFS. Recently, growing evidence suggests that stress response from the largest organelle, endoplasmic reticulum (ER), is closely interconnected to diverse cellular immune/inflammatory platforms, thereby being implicated in severe allergic lung inflammation. Interestingly, a recent study on this issue has suggested that ER stress responses and several associated molecular platforms, including phosphoinositide 3-kinase-δ and mitochondria, may be crucial players in the development of severe allergic inflammation in the SAFS. Defining emerging roles of ER and associated cellular platforms in SAFS may offer promising therapeutic options in the near future.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jae Seok Jeong
- Department of Internal Medicine, Research Center for Pulmonary Disorders, Chonbuk National University Medical School, Jeonju, Korea
| | - So Ri Kim
- Department of Internal Medicine, Research Center for Pulmonary Disorders, Chonbuk National University Medical School, Jeonju, Korea.,Research Institute of Clinical Medicine of Chonbuk National University-Biomedical Research Institute of Chonbuk National University Medical School, Jeonju, Korea
| | - Yong Chul Lee
- Department of Internal Medicine, Research Center for Pulmonary Disorders, Chonbuk National University Medical School, Jeonju, Korea.,Research Institute of Clinical Medicine of Chonbuk National University-Biomedical Research Institute of Chonbuk National University Medical School, Jeonju, Korea.
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213
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Rangarajan S, Walsh L, Lester W, Perry D, Madan B, Laffan M, Yu H, Vettermann C, Pierce GF, Wong WY, Pasi KJ. AAV5-Factor VIII Gene Transfer in Severe Hemophilia A. N Engl J Med 2017; 377:2519-2530. [PMID: 29224506 DOI: 10.1056/nejmoa1708483] [Citation(s) in RCA: 474] [Impact Index Per Article: 67.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/19/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Patients with hemophilia A rely on exogenous factor VIII to prevent bleeding in joints, soft tissue, and the central nervous system. Although successful gene transfer has been reported in patients with hemophilia B, the large size of the factor VIII coding region has precluded improved outcomes with gene therapy in patients with hemophilia A. METHODS We infused a single intravenous dose of a codon-optimized adeno-associated virus serotype 5 (AAV5) vector encoding a B-domain-deleted human factor VIII (AAV5-hFVIII-SQ) in nine men with severe hemophilia A. Participants were enrolled sequentially into one of three dose cohorts (low dose [one participant], intermediate dose [one participant], and high dose [seven participants]) and were followed through 52 weeks. RESULTS Factor VIII activity levels remained at 3 IU or less per deciliter in the recipients of the low or intermediate dose. In the high-dose cohort, the factor VIII activity level was more than 5 IU per deciliter between weeks 2 and 9 after gene transfer in all seven participants, and the level in six participants increased to a normal value (>50 IU per deciliter) that was maintained at 1 year after receipt of the dose. In the high-dose cohort, the median annualized bleeding rate among participants who had previously received prophylactic therapy decreased from 16 events before the study to 1 event after gene transfer, and factor VIII use for participant-reported bleeding ceased in all the participants in this cohort by week 22. The primary adverse event was an elevation in the serum alanine aminotransferase level to 1.5 times the upper limit of the normal range or less. Progression of preexisting chronic arthropathy in one participant was the only serious adverse event. No neutralizing antibodies to factor VIII were detected. CONCLUSIONS The infusion of AAV5-hFVIII-SQ was associated with the sustained normalization of factor VIII activity level over a period of 1 year in six of seven participants who received a high dose, with stabilization of hemostasis and a profound reduction in factor VIII use in all seven participants. In this small study, no safety events were noted, but no safety conclusions can be drawn. (Funded by BioMarin Pharmaceutical; ClinicalTrials.gov number, NCT02576795 ; EudraCT number, 2014-003880-38 .).
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Affiliation(s)
- Savita Rangarajan
- From Hampshire Hospitals NHS Foundation Trust, Basingstoke (S.R.), University Hospitals Birmingham NHS Foundation Trust, Edgbaston (W.L.), Cambridge University Hospital NHS Foundation Trust, Addenbrooke's Hospital, Cambridge (D.P.), and the Centre for Haemostasis and Thrombosis, St. Thomas' Hospital (B.M.), Imperial College London and NIHR Clinical Research Facility at Imperial College Healthcare NHS Trust (M.L.), and Barts and the London School of Medicine and Dentistry (K.J.P.), London - all in the United Kingdom; and BioMarin Pharmaceutical, Novato (L.W., H.Y., C.V., W.Y.W.), and private consultant, La Jolla (G.F.P.) - both in California
| | - Liron Walsh
- From Hampshire Hospitals NHS Foundation Trust, Basingstoke (S.R.), University Hospitals Birmingham NHS Foundation Trust, Edgbaston (W.L.), Cambridge University Hospital NHS Foundation Trust, Addenbrooke's Hospital, Cambridge (D.P.), and the Centre for Haemostasis and Thrombosis, St. Thomas' Hospital (B.M.), Imperial College London and NIHR Clinical Research Facility at Imperial College Healthcare NHS Trust (M.L.), and Barts and the London School of Medicine and Dentistry (K.J.P.), London - all in the United Kingdom; and BioMarin Pharmaceutical, Novato (L.W., H.Y., C.V., W.Y.W.), and private consultant, La Jolla (G.F.P.) - both in California
| | - Will Lester
- From Hampshire Hospitals NHS Foundation Trust, Basingstoke (S.R.), University Hospitals Birmingham NHS Foundation Trust, Edgbaston (W.L.), Cambridge University Hospital NHS Foundation Trust, Addenbrooke's Hospital, Cambridge (D.P.), and the Centre for Haemostasis and Thrombosis, St. Thomas' Hospital (B.M.), Imperial College London and NIHR Clinical Research Facility at Imperial College Healthcare NHS Trust (M.L.), and Barts and the London School of Medicine and Dentistry (K.J.P.), London - all in the United Kingdom; and BioMarin Pharmaceutical, Novato (L.W., H.Y., C.V., W.Y.W.), and private consultant, La Jolla (G.F.P.) - both in California
| | - David Perry
- From Hampshire Hospitals NHS Foundation Trust, Basingstoke (S.R.), University Hospitals Birmingham NHS Foundation Trust, Edgbaston (W.L.), Cambridge University Hospital NHS Foundation Trust, Addenbrooke's Hospital, Cambridge (D.P.), and the Centre for Haemostasis and Thrombosis, St. Thomas' Hospital (B.M.), Imperial College London and NIHR Clinical Research Facility at Imperial College Healthcare NHS Trust (M.L.), and Barts and the London School of Medicine and Dentistry (K.J.P.), London - all in the United Kingdom; and BioMarin Pharmaceutical, Novato (L.W., H.Y., C.V., W.Y.W.), and private consultant, La Jolla (G.F.P.) - both in California
| | - Bella Madan
- From Hampshire Hospitals NHS Foundation Trust, Basingstoke (S.R.), University Hospitals Birmingham NHS Foundation Trust, Edgbaston (W.L.), Cambridge University Hospital NHS Foundation Trust, Addenbrooke's Hospital, Cambridge (D.P.), and the Centre for Haemostasis and Thrombosis, St. Thomas' Hospital (B.M.), Imperial College London and NIHR Clinical Research Facility at Imperial College Healthcare NHS Trust (M.L.), and Barts and the London School of Medicine and Dentistry (K.J.P.), London - all in the United Kingdom; and BioMarin Pharmaceutical, Novato (L.W., H.Y., C.V., W.Y.W.), and private consultant, La Jolla (G.F.P.) - both in California
| | - Michael Laffan
- From Hampshire Hospitals NHS Foundation Trust, Basingstoke (S.R.), University Hospitals Birmingham NHS Foundation Trust, Edgbaston (W.L.), Cambridge University Hospital NHS Foundation Trust, Addenbrooke's Hospital, Cambridge (D.P.), and the Centre for Haemostasis and Thrombosis, St. Thomas' Hospital (B.M.), Imperial College London and NIHR Clinical Research Facility at Imperial College Healthcare NHS Trust (M.L.), and Barts and the London School of Medicine and Dentistry (K.J.P.), London - all in the United Kingdom; and BioMarin Pharmaceutical, Novato (L.W., H.Y., C.V., W.Y.W.), and private consultant, La Jolla (G.F.P.) - both in California
| | - Hua Yu
- From Hampshire Hospitals NHS Foundation Trust, Basingstoke (S.R.), University Hospitals Birmingham NHS Foundation Trust, Edgbaston (W.L.), Cambridge University Hospital NHS Foundation Trust, Addenbrooke's Hospital, Cambridge (D.P.), and the Centre for Haemostasis and Thrombosis, St. Thomas' Hospital (B.M.), Imperial College London and NIHR Clinical Research Facility at Imperial College Healthcare NHS Trust (M.L.), and Barts and the London School of Medicine and Dentistry (K.J.P.), London - all in the United Kingdom; and BioMarin Pharmaceutical, Novato (L.W., H.Y., C.V., W.Y.W.), and private consultant, La Jolla (G.F.P.) - both in California
| | - Christian Vettermann
- From Hampshire Hospitals NHS Foundation Trust, Basingstoke (S.R.), University Hospitals Birmingham NHS Foundation Trust, Edgbaston (W.L.), Cambridge University Hospital NHS Foundation Trust, Addenbrooke's Hospital, Cambridge (D.P.), and the Centre for Haemostasis and Thrombosis, St. Thomas' Hospital (B.M.), Imperial College London and NIHR Clinical Research Facility at Imperial College Healthcare NHS Trust (M.L.), and Barts and the London School of Medicine and Dentistry (K.J.P.), London - all in the United Kingdom; and BioMarin Pharmaceutical, Novato (L.W., H.Y., C.V., W.Y.W.), and private consultant, La Jolla (G.F.P.) - both in California
| | - Glenn F Pierce
- From Hampshire Hospitals NHS Foundation Trust, Basingstoke (S.R.), University Hospitals Birmingham NHS Foundation Trust, Edgbaston (W.L.), Cambridge University Hospital NHS Foundation Trust, Addenbrooke's Hospital, Cambridge (D.P.), and the Centre for Haemostasis and Thrombosis, St. Thomas' Hospital (B.M.), Imperial College London and NIHR Clinical Research Facility at Imperial College Healthcare NHS Trust (M.L.), and Barts and the London School of Medicine and Dentistry (K.J.P.), London - all in the United Kingdom; and BioMarin Pharmaceutical, Novato (L.W., H.Y., C.V., W.Y.W.), and private consultant, La Jolla (G.F.P.) - both in California
| | - Wing Y Wong
- From Hampshire Hospitals NHS Foundation Trust, Basingstoke (S.R.), University Hospitals Birmingham NHS Foundation Trust, Edgbaston (W.L.), Cambridge University Hospital NHS Foundation Trust, Addenbrooke's Hospital, Cambridge (D.P.), and the Centre for Haemostasis and Thrombosis, St. Thomas' Hospital (B.M.), Imperial College London and NIHR Clinical Research Facility at Imperial College Healthcare NHS Trust (M.L.), and Barts and the London School of Medicine and Dentistry (K.J.P.), London - all in the United Kingdom; and BioMarin Pharmaceutical, Novato (L.W., H.Y., C.V., W.Y.W.), and private consultant, La Jolla (G.F.P.) - both in California
| | - K John Pasi
- From Hampshire Hospitals NHS Foundation Trust, Basingstoke (S.R.), University Hospitals Birmingham NHS Foundation Trust, Edgbaston (W.L.), Cambridge University Hospital NHS Foundation Trust, Addenbrooke's Hospital, Cambridge (D.P.), and the Centre for Haemostasis and Thrombosis, St. Thomas' Hospital (B.M.), Imperial College London and NIHR Clinical Research Facility at Imperial College Healthcare NHS Trust (M.L.), and Barts and the London School of Medicine and Dentistry (K.J.P.), London - all in the United Kingdom; and BioMarin Pharmaceutical, Novato (L.W., H.Y., C.V., W.Y.W.), and private consultant, La Jolla (G.F.P.) - both in California
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214
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The NcZrg-17 gene of Neurospora crassa encodes a cation diffusion facilitator transporter required for vegetative development, tolerance to endoplasmic reticulum stress and cellulose degradation under low zinc conditions. Curr Genet 2017; 64:811-819. [DOI: 10.1007/s00294-017-0794-4] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/14/2017] [Revised: 12/04/2017] [Accepted: 12/06/2017] [Indexed: 10/18/2022]
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215
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Gene Therapy with BMN 270 Results in Therapeutic Levels of FVIII in Mice and Primates and Normalization of Bleeding in Hemophilic Mice. Mol Ther 2017; 26:496-509. [PMID: 29292164 PMCID: PMC5835117 DOI: 10.1016/j.ymthe.2017.12.009] [Citation(s) in RCA: 42] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/24/2017] [Revised: 11/28/2017] [Accepted: 12/09/2017] [Indexed: 01/22/2023] Open
Abstract
Hemophilia A is an X-linked bleeding disorder caused by mutations in the gene encoding the factor VIII (FVIII) coagulation protein. Bleeding episodes in patients are reduced by prophylactic therapy or treated acutely using recombinant or plasma-derived FVIII. We have made an adeno-associated virus 5 vector containing a B domain-deleted (BDD) FVIII gene (BMN 270) with a liver-specific promoter. BMN 270 injected into hemophilic mice resulted in a dose-dependent expression of BDD FVIII protein and a corresponding correction of bleeding time and blood loss. At the highest dose tested, complete correction was achieved. Similar corrections in bleeding were observed at approximately the same plasma levels of FVIII protein produced either endogenously by BMN 270 or following exogenous administration of recombinant BDD FVIII. No evidence of liver dysfunction or hepatocyte endoplasmic reticulum stress was observed. Comparable doses in primates produced similar levels of circulating FVIII. These preclinical data support evaluation of BMN 270 in hemophilia A patients.
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216
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Crosstalk between endoplasmic reticulum stress and oxidative stress in schizophrenia: The dawn of new therapeutic approaches. Neurosci Biobehav Rev 2017; 83:589-603. [DOI: 10.1016/j.neubiorev.2017.08.025] [Citation(s) in RCA: 30] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/10/2017] [Revised: 08/09/2017] [Accepted: 08/30/2017] [Indexed: 01/15/2023]
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217
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Amanullah A, Upadhyay A, Joshi V, Mishra R, Jana NR, Mishra A. Progressing neurobiological strategies against proteostasis failure: Challenges in neurodegeneration. Prog Neurobiol 2017; 159:1-38. [DOI: 10.1016/j.pneurobio.2017.08.005] [Citation(s) in RCA: 19] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/28/2017] [Revised: 06/01/2017] [Accepted: 08/25/2017] [Indexed: 02/07/2023]
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218
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Yang Y, Liu L, Naik I, Braunstein Z, Zhong J, Ren B. Transcription Factor C/EBP Homologous Protein in Health and Diseases. Front Immunol 2017; 8:1612. [PMID: 29230213 PMCID: PMC5712004 DOI: 10.3389/fimmu.2017.01612] [Citation(s) in RCA: 134] [Impact Index Per Article: 19.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/20/2017] [Accepted: 11/07/2017] [Indexed: 12/13/2022] Open
Abstract
C/EBP homologous protein (CHOP), known also as DNA damage-inducible transcript 3 and as growth arrest and DNA damage-inducible protein 153 (GADD153), is induced in response to certain stressors. CHOP is universally acknowledged as a main conduit to endoplasmic reticulum stress-induced apoptosis. Ongoing research established the existence of CHOP-mediated apoptosis signaling networks, for which novel downstream targets are still being determined. However, there are studies that contradict this notion and assert that apoptosis is not the only mechanism by which CHOP plays in the development of pathologies. In this review, insights into the roles of CHOP in pathophysiology are summarized at the molecular and cellular levels. We further focus on the newest advances that implicate CHOP in human diseases including cancer, diabetes, neurodegenerative disorders, and notably, fibrosis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yuan Yang
- Center for Molecular Medicine, Medical School of Yangtze University, Jingzhou, China.,Department of Radiology, Medical School of Yangtze University, Jingzhou, China
| | - Lian Liu
- Department of Pharmacology, Medical School of Yangtze University, Jingzhou, China
| | - Ishan Naik
- Cardiovascular Research Institute, Case Western Reserve University, Cleveland, OH, United States
| | - Zachary Braunstein
- Boonshoft School of Medicine, Wright State University, Dayton, OH, United States
| | - Jixin Zhong
- Cardiovascular Research Institute, Case Western Reserve University, Cleveland, OH, United States
| | - Boxu Ren
- Center for Molecular Medicine, Medical School of Yangtze University, Jingzhou, China.,Department of Radiology, Medical School of Yangtze University, Jingzhou, China
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219
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Pineda E, Perdomo D. Entamoeba histolytica under Oxidative Stress: What Countermeasure Mechanisms Are in Place? Cells 2017; 6:cells6040044. [PMID: 29160807 PMCID: PMC5755502 DOI: 10.3390/cells6040044] [Citation(s) in RCA: 22] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/25/2017] [Revised: 11/17/2017] [Accepted: 11/17/2017] [Indexed: 02/06/2023] Open
Abstract
Entamoeba histolytica is the causative agent of human amoebiasis; it affects 50 million people worldwide and causes approximately 100,000 deaths per year. Entamoeba histolytica is an anaerobic parasite that is primarily found in the colon; however, for unknown reasons, it can become invasive, breaching the gut barrier and migrating toward the liver causing amoebic liver abscesses. During the invasive process, it must maintain intracellular hypoxia within the oxygenated human tissues and cellular homeostasis during the host immune defense attack when it is confronted with nitric oxide and reactive oxygen species. But how? This review will address the described and potential mechanisms available to counter the oxidative stress generated during invasion and the possible role that E. histolytica’s continuous endoplasmic reticulum (Eh-ER) plays during these events.
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Affiliation(s)
- Erika Pineda
- Laboratory of Fundamental Microbiology and Pathogenicity (MFP), University of Bordeaux, CNRS UMR-5234, 33000 Bordeaux, France.
| | - Doranda Perdomo
- Laboratory of Fundamental Microbiology and Pathogenicity (MFP), University of Bordeaux, CNRS UMR-5234, 33000 Bordeaux, France.
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220
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Suganya N, Dornadula S, Chatterjee S, Mohanram RK. Quercetin improves endothelial function in diabetic rats through inhibition of endoplasmic reticulum stress-mediated oxidative stress. Eur J Pharmacol 2017; 819:80-88. [PMID: 29169872 DOI: 10.1016/j.ejphar.2017.11.034] [Citation(s) in RCA: 38] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/30/2017] [Revised: 11/08/2017] [Accepted: 11/20/2017] [Indexed: 12/17/2022]
Abstract
Endoplasmic reticulum (ER) stress attributes a crucial role in diabetes-induced endothelial dysfunction. The present study investigated the effects of quercetin, a potent antioxidant on the attenuation of ER stress-modulated endothelial dysfunction in streptozotocin (STZ)-induced diabetic rats. Oral administration of quercetin for six weeks to diabetic rats dose-dependently reduced the blood glucose levels and improved insulin secretion. Histopathological examination of pancreatic tissues in diabetic rats showed pathological changes such as shrunken islets, reduction in islet area and distorted β-cells, which were found to be restored by quercetin treatment. In addition, quercetin reduced the pancreatic ER stress-induced endothelial dysfunction as assessed by immunohistochemical analysis of C/ERB homologous protein (CHOP) and endothelin-1 (ET-1). Moreover, quercetin administration progressively increased the expression of vascular endothelial growth factor (VEGF) and its receptor, VEGFR2 in diabetes rats. Quercetin-mediated decrease in the nitric oxide (NO∙) and cyclic 3',5'- guanosine monophosphate (cGMP) levels were also observed in the diabetic rats. Quercetin treatment reduced the lipid peroxidation in the diabetic rats, meanwhile increased the total antioxidant capacity in the pancreas from diabetic rats. Altogether, these results demonstrated the vasoprotective effect of quercetin against STZ-induced ER stress in the pancreas of diabetic rats.
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Affiliation(s)
- Natarajan Suganya
- Department of Biotechnology, SRM University, Kattankulathur 603203, Tamil Nadu, India
| | - Sireesh Dornadula
- SRM Research Institute, SRM University, Kattankulathur 603203, Tamil Nadu, India
| | - Suvro Chatterjee
- Vascular Biology Lab, AU-KBC Research Centre, Anna University, Chromepet, Chennai 600044, Tamil Nadu, India
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221
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Ha TK, Hansen AH, Kol S, Kildegaard HF, Lee GM. Baicalein Reduces Oxidative Stress in CHO Cell Cultures and Improves Recombinant Antibody Productivity. Biotechnol J 2017; 13:e1700425. [DOI: 10.1002/biot.201700425] [Citation(s) in RCA: 23] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/11/2017] [Revised: 11/03/2017] [Indexed: 01/01/2023]
Affiliation(s)
- Tae Kwang Ha
- The Novo Nordisk Foundation Center for Biosustainability; Technical University of Denmark; Kgs. Lyngby Denmark
| | - Anders Holmgaard Hansen
- The Novo Nordisk Foundation Center for Biosustainability; Technical University of Denmark; Kgs. Lyngby Denmark
| | - Stefan Kol
- The Novo Nordisk Foundation Center for Biosustainability; Technical University of Denmark; Kgs. Lyngby Denmark
| | - Helene Faustrup Kildegaard
- The Novo Nordisk Foundation Center for Biosustainability; Technical University of Denmark; Kgs. Lyngby Denmark
| | - Gyun Min Lee
- The Novo Nordisk Foundation Center for Biosustainability; Technical University of Denmark; Kgs. Lyngby Denmark
- Department of Biological Sciences; KAIST; Daejeon Republic of Korea
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222
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Misaka T, Murakawa T, Nishida K, Omori Y, Taneike M, Omiya S, Molenaar C, Uno Y, Yamaguchi O, Takeda J, Shah AM, Otsu K. FKBP8 protects the heart from hemodynamic stress by preventing the accumulation of misfolded proteins and endoplasmic reticulum-associated apoptosis in mice. J Mol Cell Cardiol 2017; 114:93-104. [PMID: 29129702 PMCID: PMC5807029 DOI: 10.1016/j.yjmcc.2017.11.004] [Citation(s) in RCA: 27] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/28/2017] [Revised: 11/07/2017] [Accepted: 11/08/2017] [Indexed: 01/03/2023]
Abstract
Protein quality control in cardiomyocytes is crucial to maintain cellular homeostasis. The accumulation of damaged organelles, such as mitochondria and misfolded proteins in the heart is associated with heart failure. During the process to identify novel mitochondria-specific autophagy (mitophagy) receptors, we found FK506-binding protein 8 (FKBP8), also known as FKBP38, shares similar structural characteristics with a yeast mitophagy receptor, autophagy-related 32 protein. However, knockdown of FKBP8 had no effect on mitophagy in HEK293 cells or H9c2 myocytes. Since the role of FKBP8 in the heart has not been fully elucidated, the aim of this study is to determine the functional role of FKBP8 in the heart. Cardiac-specific FKBP8-deficient (Fkbp8-/-) mice were generated. Fkbp8-/- mice showed no cardiac phenotypes under baseline conditions. The Fkbp8-/- and control wild type littermates (Fkbp8+/+) mice were subjected to pressure overload by means of transverse aortic constriction (TAC). Fkbp8-/- mice showed left ventricular dysfunction and chamber dilatation with lung congestion 1week after TAC. The number of apoptotic cardiomyocytes was dramatically elevated in TAC-operated Fkbp8-/- hearts, accompanied with an increase in protein levels of cleaved caspase-12 and endoplasmic reticulum (ER) stress markers. Caspase-12 inhibition resulted in the attenuation of hydrogen peroxide-induced apoptotic cell death in FKBP8 knockdown H9c2 myocytes. Immunocytological and immunoprecipitation analyses indicate that FKBP8 is localized to the ER and mitochondria in the isolated cardiomyocytes, interacting with heat shock protein 90. Furthermore, there was accumulation of misfolded protein aggregates in FKBP8 knockdown H9c2 myocytes and electron dense deposits in perinuclear region in TAC-operated Fkbp8-/- hearts. The data suggest that FKBP8 plays a protective role against hemodynamic stress in the heart mediated via inhibition of the accumulation of misfolded proteins and ER-associated apoptosis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Tomofumi Misaka
- The School of Cardiovascular Medicine and Sciences, King's College London British Heart Foundation Centre of Research Excellence, London SE5 9NU, UK
| | - Tomokazu Murakawa
- The School of Cardiovascular Medicine and Sciences, King's College London British Heart Foundation Centre of Research Excellence, London SE5 9NU, UK
| | - Kazuhiko Nishida
- The School of Cardiovascular Medicine and Sciences, King's College London British Heart Foundation Centre of Research Excellence, London SE5 9NU, UK
| | - Yosuke Omori
- The School of Cardiovascular Medicine and Sciences, King's College London British Heart Foundation Centre of Research Excellence, London SE5 9NU, UK
| | - Manabu Taneike
- The School of Cardiovascular Medicine and Sciences, King's College London British Heart Foundation Centre of Research Excellence, London SE5 9NU, UK
| | - Shigemiki Omiya
- The School of Cardiovascular Medicine and Sciences, King's College London British Heart Foundation Centre of Research Excellence, London SE5 9NU, UK
| | - Chris Molenaar
- The School of Cardiovascular Medicine and Sciences, King's College London British Heart Foundation Centre of Research Excellence, London SE5 9NU, UK
| | - Yoshihiro Uno
- Developmental Biology, Laboratory Animal Science, The Institute of Experimental Animal Sciences, Osaka University Medical School, Suita 565-0871, Japan
| | - Osamu Yamaguchi
- Department of Cardiovascular Medicine, Osaka University Graduate School of Medicine, Suita 565-0871, Japan
| | - Junji Takeda
- Department of Genome Biology, Osaka University Graduate School of Medicine, Suita 565-0871, Japan
| | - Ajay M Shah
- The School of Cardiovascular Medicine and Sciences, King's College London British Heart Foundation Centre of Research Excellence, London SE5 9NU, UK
| | - Kinya Otsu
- The School of Cardiovascular Medicine and Sciences, King's College London British Heart Foundation Centre of Research Excellence, London SE5 9NU, UK.
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223
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Endoplasmic Reticulum Stress in Hearing Loss. JOURNAL OF OTORHINOLARYNGOLOGY, HEARING AND BALANCE MEDICINE 2017. [DOI: 10.3390/ohbm1010003] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/06/2023] Open
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224
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Mehmeti I, Lortz S, Avezov E, Jörns A, Lenzen S. ER-resident antioxidative GPx7 and GPx8 enzyme isoforms protect insulin-secreting INS-1E β-cells against lipotoxicity by improving the ER antioxidative capacity. Free Radic Biol Med 2017; 112:121-130. [PMID: 28751022 DOI: 10.1016/j.freeradbiomed.2017.07.021] [Citation(s) in RCA: 41] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/07/2017] [Revised: 07/20/2017] [Accepted: 07/22/2017] [Indexed: 12/16/2022]
Abstract
Increased circulating levels of saturated fatty acids (FFAs) and glucose are considered to be major mediators of β-cell dysfunction and death in T2DM. Although it has been proposed that endoplasmic reticulum (ER) and oxidative stress play a crucial role in gluco/lipotoxicity, their interplay and relative contribution to β-cell dysfunction and apoptosis has not been fully elucidated. In addition it is still unclear how palmitate - the physiologically most abundant long-chain saturated FFA - elicits ER stress and which immediate signals commit β-cells to apoptosis. To study the underlying mechanisms of palmitate-mediated ER stress and β-cell toxicity, we exploited the observation that the recently described ER-resident GPx7 and GPx8 are not expressed in rat β-cells. Expression of GPx7 or GPx8 attenuated FFAs-mediated H2O2 generation, ER stress, and apoptosis induction. These results could be confirmed by a H2O2-specific inactivating ER catalase, indicating that accumulation of H2O2 in the ER lumen is critical in FFA-induced ER stress. Furthermore, neither the expression of GPx7 nor of GPx8 increased insulin content or facilitated disulfide bond formation in insulin-secreting INS-1E cells. Hence, reduction of H2O2 by ER-GPx isoforms is not rate-limiting in oxidative protein folding in rat β-cells. These data suggest that FFA-mediated ER stress is partially dependent on oxidative stress and selective expression of GPx7 or GPx8 improves the ER antioxidative capacity of rat β-cells without compromising insulin production and the oxidative protein folding machinery.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ilir Mehmeti
- Institute of Clinical Biochemistry, Hannover Medical School, Hannover, Germany.
| | - Stephan Lortz
- Institute of Clinical Biochemistry, Hannover Medical School, Hannover, Germany
| | - Edward Avezov
- University of Cambridge, Cambridge Institute for Medical Research, the Wellcome Trust MRC Institute of Metabolic Science and NIHR Cambridge Biomedical Research Centre, Cambridge CB2 0XY, United Kingdom
| | - Anne Jörns
- Institute of Clinical Biochemistry, Hannover Medical School, Hannover, Germany
| | - Sigurd Lenzen
- Institute of Clinical Biochemistry, Hannover Medical School, Hannover, Germany; Institute of Experimental Diabetes Research, Hannover Medical School, Hannover, Germany.
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225
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Nathwani AC, Davidoff AM, Tuddenham EGD. Advances in Gene Therapy for Hemophilia. Hum Gene Ther 2017; 28:1004-1012. [DOI: 10.1089/hum.2017.167] [Citation(s) in RCA: 38] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/19/2022] Open
Affiliation(s)
- Amit C. Nathwani
- Department of Haematology, University College London Cancer Institute, London, United Kingdom
- Katharine Dormandy Haemophilia and Thrombosis Centre, Royal Free London NHS Foundation Trust, London, United Kingdom
- NHS Blood and Transplant, Watford, United Kingdom
| | - Andrew M. Davidoff
- Department of Surgery, St. Jude Children's Research Hospital, Memphis Tennessee
| | - Edward G. D. Tuddenham
- Department of Haematology, University College London Cancer Institute, London, United Kingdom
- Katharine Dormandy Haemophilia and Thrombosis Centre, Royal Free London NHS Foundation Trust, London, United Kingdom
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226
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Efficient protein production by yeast requires global tuning of metabolism. Nat Commun 2017; 8:1131. [PMID: 29070809 PMCID: PMC5656615 DOI: 10.1038/s41467-017-00999-2] [Citation(s) in RCA: 69] [Impact Index Per Article: 9.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/23/2017] [Accepted: 08/09/2017] [Indexed: 01/20/2023] Open
Abstract
The biotech industry relies on cell factories for production of pharmaceutical proteins, of which several are among the top-selling medicines. There is, therefore, considerable interest in improving the efficiency of protein production by cell factories. Protein secretion involves numerous intracellular processes with many underlying mechanisms still remaining unclear. Here, we use RNA-seq to study the genome-wide transcriptional response to protein secretion in mutant yeast strains. We find that many cellular processes have to be attuned to support efficient protein secretion. In particular, altered energy metabolism resulting in reduced respiration and increased fermentation, as well as balancing of amino-acid biosynthesis and reduced thiamine biosynthesis seem to be particularly important. We confirm our findings by inverse engineering and physiological characterization and show that by tuning metabolism cells are able to efficiently secrete recombinant proteins. Our findings provide increased understanding of which cellular regulations and pathways are associated with efficient protein secretion. The contribution of metabolic pathways to protein secretion is largely unknown. Here, the authors find conserved metabolic patterns in yeast by examining genome-wide transcriptional responses in high protein secretion mutants and reveal critical factors that can be tuned for efficient protein secretion.
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227
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Abstract
The best currently available treatments for hemophilia A and B (factor VIII or factor IX deficiency, respectively) require frequent intravenous infusion of highly expensive proteins that have short half-lives. Factor levels follow a saw-tooth pattern that is seldom in the normal range and falls so low that breakthrough bleeding occurs. Most hemophiliacs worldwide do not have access to even this level of care. In stark contrast, gene therapy holds out the hope of a cure by inducing continuous endogenous expression of factor VIII or factor IX following transfer of a functional gene to replace the hemophilic patient's own defective gene.
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Affiliation(s)
- Amit C Nathwani
- Department of Academic Haematology, UCL Cancer Institute, Katharine Dormandy Haemophilia and Thrombosis Centre, Rowland Hill Street, London NW3 2PF, United Kingdom; National Health Service Blood and Transplant, Oak House, Reeds Crescent, Watford, Hertfordshire, WD24 4QN, United Kingdom.
| | - Andrew M Davidoff
- Department of Surgery, St. Jude Children's Research Hospital, 262 Danny Thomas Place Memphis, TN 38105-3678, USA
| | - Edward G D Tuddenham
- Department of Academic Haematology, UCL Cancer Institute, Katharine Dormandy Haemophilia and Thrombosis Centre, Rowland Hill Street, London NW3 2PF, United Kingdom
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228
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Kengkoom K, Tirawanchai N, Angkhasirisap W, Ampawong S. Omeprazole preserves the RER in chief cells and enhances re-epithelialization of parietal cells with SOD and AQP-4 up-regulation in ethanol-induced gastritis rats. Exp Ther Med 2017; 14:5871-5880. [PMID: 29285135 PMCID: PMC5740519 DOI: 10.3892/etm.2017.5270] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/30/2016] [Accepted: 10/06/2017] [Indexed: 12/16/2022] Open
Abstract
Gastric mucosal cells, particularly parietal and chief cells, are usually affected by exogenous, and endogenous stimuli-induced gastritis. The integrity of these cells and their alterations are involved in the pathogenesis of numerous gastric disorders. Omeprazole, a gastric acid secretion blocker, is commonly used for gastrointestinal diseases due to its antioxidative stress and anti-inflammatory properties. Little is known regarding how omeprazole modulates the re-epithelialized effect on gastric mucosal cells associated with gastrointestinal disorders. The present study aimed to determine whether omeprazole attenuates parietal and chief cell damage in association with its antioxidative property. An in vivo ethanol-induced gastritis rat model was used. Histopathological, scanning and transmission electron microscopic, and immunohistochemical studies were performed. The results revealed that omeprazole improved the gastric mucosal surface, and reduced the severity of mucosal inflammation and hemorrhaging. Notably, ethanol-induced gastritis caused dysmorphic rough endoplasmic reticulum (RER) in chief cells, which was accompanied by mitochondrial swelling. This alteration was modulated by omeprazole due to its antioxidant effect characterized by upregulation of superoxide dismutase in gastric mucosal cells. In addition, expression of aquaporin-4 was increased in the omeprazole treatment group, which may be due to the expansion of regenerative parietal cells and acid suppression. The results of the present study suggest that omeprazole preserves the RER in chief cells and enhances parietal cell regeneration through its antioxidative property by exerting anti-inflammatory effects.
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Affiliation(s)
- Kanchana Kengkoom
- Research and Academic Support Office, National Laboratory Animal Center, Mahidol University, Puttamonthon, Nakorn Pathom 73170, Thailand
| | - Napatara Tirawanchai
- Department of Biochemistry, Faculty of Medicine Siriraj Hospital, Mahidol University, Bangkok Noi, Bangkok 10700, Thailand
| | - Wannee Angkhasirisap
- Quality Control Office, National Laboratory Animal Center, Mahidol University, Puttamonthon, Nakorn Pathom 73170, Thailand
| | - Sumate Ampawong
- Department of Tropical Pathology, Faculty of Tropical Medicine, Mahidol University, Ratchathewi, Bangkok 10400, Thailand
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229
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Bouhlel A, Ben Mosbah I, Hadj Abdallah N, Ribault C, Viel R, Mannaï S, Corlu A, Ben Abdennebi H. Thymoquinone prevents endoplasmic reticulum stress and mitochondria-induced apoptosis in a rat model of partial hepatic warm ischemia reperfusion. Biomed Pharmacother 2017; 94:964-973. [DOI: 10.1016/j.biopha.2017.08.018] [Citation(s) in RCA: 22] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/10/2017] [Revised: 08/01/2017] [Accepted: 08/02/2017] [Indexed: 01/14/2023] Open
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230
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Teng Y, Zhao H, Gao L, Zhang W, Shull AY, Shay C. FGF19 Protects Hepatocellular Carcinoma Cells against Endoplasmic Reticulum Stress via Activation of FGFR4-GSK3β-Nrf2 Signaling. Cancer Res 2017; 77:6215-6225. [PMID: 28951455 DOI: 10.1158/0008-5472.can-17-2039] [Citation(s) in RCA: 65] [Impact Index Per Article: 9.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/11/2017] [Revised: 08/07/2017] [Accepted: 09/15/2017] [Indexed: 01/03/2023]
Abstract
The tumor microenvironment induces endoplasmic reticulum (ER) stress in tumor cells, an event that can promote progression, but it is unknown how tumor cells adapt to this stress. In this study, we show that the fibroblast growth factor FGF19, a gene frequently amplified in hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC), facilitates a survival response to ER stress. Levels of FGF19 expression were increased in stressed HCC cells in culture and in a mouse xenograft model. Induction of ER stress required the transcription factor ATF4, which directly bound the FGF19 promoter. In cells where ER stress was induced, FGF19 overexpression promoted HCC cell survival and increased resistance to apoptosis, whereas FGF19 silencing counteracted these effects. Mechanistic investigations implicated glycogen synthase kinase-3β (GSK3β) in regulating nuclear accumulation of the stress-regulated transcription factor Nrf2 activated by FGF19. Our findings show how FGF19 provides a cytoprotective role against ER stress by activating a FGFR4-GSK3β-Nrf2 signaling cascade, with implications for targeting this signaling node as a candidate therapeutic regimen for HCC management. Cancer Res; 77(22); 6215-25. ©2017 AACR.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yong Teng
- Department of Oral Biology, Augusta University, Augusta, Georgia. .,Georgia Cancer Center, Augusta University, Augusta, Georgia
| | - Huakan Zhao
- School of Life Sciences, Chongqing University, Chongqing, China.,Institute of Cancer, Xinqiao Hospital, Third Military Medical University, Chongqing, China
| | - Lixia Gao
- Department of Oral Biology, Augusta University, Augusta, Georgia
| | - Wenfa Zhang
- School of Life Sciences, Chongqing University, Chongqing, China
| | - Austin Y Shull
- Department of Biology, Presbyterian College, Clinton, South Carolina
| | - Chloe Shay
- Emory Children's Center, Emory University, Atlanta, Georgia
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231
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Staber JM, Pollpeter MJ, Anderson CG, Burrascano M, Cooney AL, Sinn PL, Rutkowski DT, Raschke WC, McCray PB. Long-term correction of hemophilia A mice following lentiviral mediated delivery of an optimized canine factor VIII gene. Gene Ther 2017; 24:742-748. [PMID: 28905885 DOI: 10.1038/gt.2017.67] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/24/2017] [Revised: 07/17/2017] [Accepted: 07/18/2017] [Indexed: 01/12/2023]
Abstract
Current therapies for hemophilia A include frequent prophylactic or on-demand intravenous factor treatments which are costly, inconvenient and may lead to inhibitor formation. Viral vector delivery of factor VIII (FVIII) cDNA has the potential to alleviate the debilitating clotting defects. Lentiviral-based vectors delivered to murine models of hemophilia A mediate phenotypic correction. However, a limitation of lentiviral-mediated FVIII delivery is inefficient transduction of target cells. Here, we engineer a feline immunodeficiency virus (FIV) -based lentiviral vector pseudotyped with the baculovirus GP64 envelope glycoprotein to mediate efficient gene transfer to mouse hepatocytes. In anticipation of future studies in FVIII-deficient dogs, we investigated the efficacy of FIV-delivered canine FVIII (cFVIII). Codon-optimization of the cFVIII sequence increased activity and decreased blood loss as compared to the native sequence. Further, we compared a standard B-domain deleted FVIII cDNA to a cDNA including 256 amino acids of the B-domain with 11 potential asparagine-linked oligosaccharide linkages. Restoring a partial B-domain resulted in modest reduction of endoplasmic reticulum (ER) stress markers. Importantly, our optimized vectors achieved wild-type levels of phenotypic correction with minimal inhibitor formation. These studies provide insights into optimal design of a therapeutically relevant gene therapy vector for a devastating bleeding disorder.
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Affiliation(s)
- J M Staber
- Stead Family Department of Pediatrics, Carver College of Medicine, University of Iowa, Iowa City, IA, USA.,Pappajohn Biomedical Institute, University of Iowa, Iowa City, IA, USA
| | - M J Pollpeter
- Stead Family Department of Pediatrics, Carver College of Medicine, University of Iowa, Iowa City, IA, USA.,Pappajohn Biomedical Institute, University of Iowa, Iowa City, IA, USA
| | | | | | - A L Cooney
- Pappajohn Biomedical Institute, University of Iowa, Iowa City, IA, USA.,Center for Gene Therapy of Cystic Fibrosis and Other Genetic Diseases, Iowa City, IA, USA.,Department of Microbiology, Carver College of Medicine, University of Iowa, Iowa City, IA, USA
| | - P L Sinn
- Stead Family Department of Pediatrics, Carver College of Medicine, University of Iowa, Iowa City, IA, USA.,Pappajohn Biomedical Institute, University of Iowa, Iowa City, IA, USA.,Center for Gene Therapy of Cystic Fibrosis and Other Genetic Diseases, Iowa City, IA, USA
| | - D T Rutkowski
- Department of Anatomy and Cell Biology, Carver College of Medicine, University of Iowa, Iowa City, IA, USA
| | - W C Raschke
- Department of Virogenics, San Diego, CA, USA
| | - P B McCray
- Stead Family Department of Pediatrics, Carver College of Medicine, University of Iowa, Iowa City, IA, USA.,Pappajohn Biomedical Institute, University of Iowa, Iowa City, IA, USA.,Center for Gene Therapy of Cystic Fibrosis and Other Genetic Diseases, Iowa City, IA, USA.,Department of Microbiology, Carver College of Medicine, University of Iowa, Iowa City, IA, USA
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232
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Ponsero AJ, Igbaria A, Darch MA, Miled S, Outten CE, Winther JR, Palais G, D'Autréaux B, Delaunay-Moisan A, Toledano MB. Endoplasmic Reticulum Transport of Glutathione by Sec61 Is Regulated by Ero1 and Bip. Mol Cell 2017; 67:962-973.e5. [PMID: 28918898 DOI: 10.1016/j.molcel.2017.08.012] [Citation(s) in RCA: 79] [Impact Index Per Article: 11.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/14/2016] [Revised: 06/29/2017] [Accepted: 08/18/2017] [Indexed: 10/18/2022]
Abstract
In the endoplasmic reticulum (ER), Ero1 catalyzes disulfide bond formation and promotes glutathione (GSH) oxidation to GSSG. Since GSSG cannot be reduced in the ER, maintenance of the ER glutathione redox state and levels likely depends on ER glutathione import and GSSG export. We used quantitative GSH and GSSG biosensors to monitor glutathione import into the ER of yeast cells. We found that glutathione enters the ER by facilitated diffusion through the Sec61 protein-conducting channel, while oxidized Bip (Kar2) inhibits transport. Increased ER glutathione import triggers H2O2-dependent Bip oxidation through Ero1 reductive activation, which inhibits glutathione import in a negative regulatory loop. During ER stress, transport is activated by UPR-dependent Ero1 induction, and cytosolic glutathione levels increase. Thus, the ER redox poise is tuned by reciprocal control of glutathione import and Ero1 activation. The ER protein-conducting channel is permeable to small molecules, provided the driving force of a concentration gradient.
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Affiliation(s)
- Alise J Ponsero
- Institute for Integrative Biology of the Cell (I2BC), CEA-Saclay, CNRS, Université Paris-Saclay, ISVJC/SBIGEM, Laboratoire Stress Oxydant et Cancer, 91191 Gif-sur-Yvette, France
| | - Aeid Igbaria
- Institute for Integrative Biology of the Cell (I2BC), CEA-Saclay, CNRS, Université Paris-Saclay, ISVJC/SBIGEM, Laboratoire Stress Oxydant et Cancer, 91191 Gif-sur-Yvette, France
| | - Maxwell A Darch
- Department of Chemistry and Biochemistry, University of South Carolina, Columbia, SC 29208, USA
| | - Samia Miled
- Institute for Integrative Biology of the Cell (I2BC), CEA-Saclay, CNRS, Université Paris-Saclay, ISVJC/SBIGEM, Laboratoire Stress Oxydant et Cancer, 91191 Gif-sur-Yvette, France
| | - Caryn E Outten
- Department of Chemistry and Biochemistry, University of South Carolina, Columbia, SC 29208, USA
| | - Jakob R Winther
- Department of Biology, University of Copenhagen, 2200 Copenhagen N, Denmark
| | - Gael Palais
- Institute for Integrative Biology of the Cell (I2BC), CEA-Saclay, CNRS, Université Paris-Saclay, ISVJC/SBIGEM, Laboratoire Stress Oxydant et Cancer, 91191 Gif-sur-Yvette, France
| | - Benoit D'Autréaux
- Institute for Integrative Biology of the Cell (I2BC), CEA-Saclay, CNRS, Université Paris-Saclay, ISVJC/SBIGEM, Laboratoire Stress Oxydant et Cancer, 91191 Gif-sur-Yvette, France
| | - Agnès Delaunay-Moisan
- Institute for Integrative Biology of the Cell (I2BC), CEA-Saclay, CNRS, Université Paris-Saclay, ISVJC/SBIGEM, Laboratoire Stress Oxydant et Cancer, 91191 Gif-sur-Yvette, France
| | - Michel B Toledano
- Institute for Integrative Biology of the Cell (I2BC), CEA-Saclay, CNRS, Université Paris-Saclay, ISVJC/SBIGEM, Laboratoire Stress Oxydant et Cancer, 91191 Gif-sur-Yvette, France.
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233
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Baust JM, Corwin W, Snyder KK, Van Buskirk R, Baust JG. Cryopreservation: Evolution of Molecular Based Strategies. ADVANCES IN EXPERIMENTAL MEDICINE AND BIOLOGY 2017; 951:13-29. [PMID: 27837551 DOI: 10.1007/978-3-319-45457-3_2] [Citation(s) in RCA: 18] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/17/2022]
Abstract
Cryopreservation (CP) is an enabling process providing for on-demand access to biological material (cells and tissues) which serve as a starting, intermediate or even final product. While a critical tool, CP protocols, approaches and technologies have evolved little over the last several decades. A lack of conversion of discoveries from the CP sciences into mainstream utilization has resulted in a bottleneck in technological progression in areas such as stem cell research and cell therapy. While the adoption has been slow, discoveries including molecular control and buffering of cell stress response to CP as well as the development of new devices for improved sample freezing and thawing are providing for improved CP from both the processing and sample quality perspectives. Numerous studies have described the impact, mechanisms and points of control of cryopreservation-induced delayed-onset cell death (CIDOCD). In an effort to limit CIDOCD, efforts have focused on CP agent and freeze media formulation to provide a solution path and have yielded improvements in survival over traditional approaches. Importantly, each of these areas, new technologies and cell stress modulation, both individually and in combination, are now providing a new foundation to accelerate new research, technology and product development for which CP serves as an integral component. This chapter provides an overview of the molecular stress responses of cells to cryopreservation, the impact of the hypothermic and cell death continuums and the targeted modulation of common and/or cell specific responses to CP in providing a path to improving cell quality.
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Affiliation(s)
- John M Baust
- CPSI Biotech, 2 Court St, Owego, NY, 13827, USA. .,Institute of Biomedical Technology, State University of New York at Binghamton, 4400 Vestal Parkway East, Binghamton, NY, 13902, USA.
| | - William Corwin
- Department of Immunology and Carole and Ray Neag Comprehensive Cancer Center, University of Connecticut School of Medicine, Farmington, CT, 06030, USA
| | - Kristi K Snyder
- CPSI Biotech, 2 Court St, Owego, NY, 13827, USA.,Institute of Biomedical Technology, State University of New York at Binghamton, 4400 Vestal Parkway East, Binghamton, NY, 13902, USA
| | - Robert Van Buskirk
- CPSI Biotech, 2 Court St, Owego, NY, 13827, USA.,Institute of Biomedical Technology, State University of New York at Binghamton, 4400 Vestal Parkway East, Binghamton, NY, 13902, USA.,Department of Biological Sciences, Binghamton University, 4400 Vestal Parkway East, Binghamton, NY, 13902, USA
| | - John G Baust
- Institute of Biomedical Technology, State University of New York at Binghamton, 4400 Vestal Parkway East, Binghamton, NY, 13902, USA.,Department of Biological Sciences, Binghamton University, 4400 Vestal Parkway East, Binghamton, NY, 13902, USA
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234
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Liu Z, Wang Y, Wang Y, Dong W, Xia X, Song E, Song Y. Effect of Subcellular Translocation of Protein Disulfide Isomerase on Tetrachlorobenzoquinone-Induced Signaling Shift from Endoplasmic Reticulum Stress to Apoptosis. Chem Res Toxicol 2017; 30:1804-1814. [DOI: 10.1021/acs.chemrestox.7b00118] [Citation(s) in RCA: 17] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/16/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Zixuan Liu
- Key Laboratory of Luminescence
and Real-Time Analytical Chemistry (Southwest University), Ministry
of Education, College of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Southwest University, Chongqing, People’s Republic of China 400715
| | - Yawen Wang
- Key Laboratory of Luminescence
and Real-Time Analytical Chemistry (Southwest University), Ministry
of Education, College of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Southwest University, Chongqing, People’s Republic of China 400715
| | - Yuxin Wang
- Key Laboratory of Luminescence
and Real-Time Analytical Chemistry (Southwest University), Ministry
of Education, College of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Southwest University, Chongqing, People’s Republic of China 400715
| | - Wenjing Dong
- Key Laboratory of Luminescence
and Real-Time Analytical Chemistry (Southwest University), Ministry
of Education, College of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Southwest University, Chongqing, People’s Republic of China 400715
| | - Xiaomin Xia
- Key Laboratory of Luminescence
and Real-Time Analytical Chemistry (Southwest University), Ministry
of Education, College of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Southwest University, Chongqing, People’s Republic of China 400715
| | - Erqun Song
- Key Laboratory of Luminescence
and Real-Time Analytical Chemistry (Southwest University), Ministry
of Education, College of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Southwest University, Chongqing, People’s Republic of China 400715
| | - Yang Song
- Key Laboratory of Luminescence
and Real-Time Analytical Chemistry (Southwest University), Ministry
of Education, College of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Southwest University, Chongqing, People’s Republic of China 400715
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235
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Sun H, Yang Y, Shao H, Sun W, Gu M, Wang H, Jiang L, Qu L, Sun D, Gao Y. Sodium Arsenite-Induced Learning and Memory Impairment Is Associated with Endoplasmic Reticulum Stress-Mediated Apoptosis in Rat Hippocampus. Front Mol Neurosci 2017; 10:286. [PMID: 28936164 PMCID: PMC5594089 DOI: 10.3389/fnmol.2017.00286] [Citation(s) in RCA: 46] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/27/2017] [Accepted: 08/23/2017] [Indexed: 12/21/2022] Open
Abstract
Chronic arsenic exposure has been associated to cognitive deficits. However, mechanisms remain unknown. The present study investigated the neurotoxic effects of sodium arsenite in drinking water over different dosages and time periods. Based on results from the Morris water maze (MWM) and morphological analysis, an exposure to sodium arsenite could induce neuronal damage in the hippocampus, reduce learning ability, and accelerate memory impairment. Sodium arsenite significantly increased homocysteine levels in serum and brain. Moreover, sodium arsenite triggered unfolded protein response (UPR), leading to the phosphorylation of RNA-regulated protein kinase-like ER kinase (PERK) and eukaryotic translation initiation factor 2 subunit α (eIF2α), and the induction of activating transcription factor 4 (ATF4). Arsenite exposure also stimulated the expression of the endoplasmic reticulum (ER) stress markers, glucose-regulated protein 78 (GRP78), C/EBP homologous protein (CHOP) and the cleavage of caspase-12. Furthermore, exposure to arsenite enhanced apoptosis as demonstrated by expression of caspase-3 and TUNEL assay in the hippocampus. The results suggest that exposure to arsenite can significantly decrease learning ability and accelerate memory impairment. Potential mechanisms are related to enhancement of homocysteine and ER stress-induced apoptosis in the hippocampus.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hongna Sun
- Key Lab of Etiology and Epidemiology, Education Bureau of Heilongjiang Province & Ministry of Health, Center for Endemic Disease Control, Chinese Center for Disease Control and Prevention, Harbin Medical UniversityHarbin, China
| | - Yanmei Yang
- Key Lab of Etiology and Epidemiology, Education Bureau of Heilongjiang Province & Ministry of Health, Center for Endemic Disease Control, Chinese Center for Disease Control and Prevention, Harbin Medical UniversityHarbin, China
| | - Hanwen Shao
- Key Lab of Etiology and Epidemiology, Education Bureau of Heilongjiang Province & Ministry of Health, Center for Endemic Disease Control, Chinese Center for Disease Control and Prevention, Harbin Medical UniversityHarbin, China
| | - Weiwei Sun
- Key Lab of Etiology and Epidemiology, Education Bureau of Heilongjiang Province & Ministry of Health, Center for Endemic Disease Control, Chinese Center for Disease Control and Prevention, Harbin Medical UniversityHarbin, China
| | - Muyu Gu
- Key Lab of Etiology and Epidemiology, Education Bureau of Heilongjiang Province & Ministry of Health, Center for Endemic Disease Control, Chinese Center for Disease Control and Prevention, Harbin Medical UniversityHarbin, China
| | - Hui Wang
- Key Lab of Etiology and Epidemiology, Education Bureau of Heilongjiang Province & Ministry of Health, Center for Endemic Disease Control, Chinese Center for Disease Control and Prevention, Harbin Medical UniversityHarbin, China
| | - Lixin Jiang
- Key Lab of Etiology and Epidemiology, Education Bureau of Heilongjiang Province & Ministry of Health, Center for Endemic Disease Control, Chinese Center for Disease Control and Prevention, Harbin Medical UniversityHarbin, China
| | - Lisha Qu
- Key Lab of Etiology and Epidemiology, Education Bureau of Heilongjiang Province & Ministry of Health, Center for Endemic Disease Control, Chinese Center for Disease Control and Prevention, Harbin Medical UniversityHarbin, China
| | - Dianjun Sun
- Key Lab of Etiology and Epidemiology, Education Bureau of Heilongjiang Province & Ministry of Health, Center for Endemic Disease Control, Chinese Center for Disease Control and Prevention, Harbin Medical UniversityHarbin, China
| | - Yanhui Gao
- Key Lab of Etiology and Epidemiology, Education Bureau of Heilongjiang Province & Ministry of Health, Center for Endemic Disease Control, Chinese Center for Disease Control and Prevention, Harbin Medical UniversityHarbin, China.,Institution of Environmentally Related Diseases, Harbin Medical UniversityHarbin, China
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236
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Posey KL, Hecht JT. Novel therapeutic interventions for pseudoachondroplasia. Bone 2017; 102:60-68. [PMID: 28336490 PMCID: PMC6168010 DOI: 10.1016/j.bone.2017.03.045] [Citation(s) in RCA: 18] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/12/2016] [Revised: 02/28/2017] [Accepted: 03/20/2017] [Indexed: 12/31/2022]
Abstract
Pseudoachondroplasia (PSACH), a severe short-limbed dwarfing condition, is associated with life-long joint pain and early onset osteoarthritis. PSACH is caused by mutations in cartilage oligomeric matrix protein (COMP), a pentameric matricellular protein expressed primarily in cartilage and other musculoskeletal tissues. Mutations in COMP diminish calcium binding and as a result perturb protein folding and export to the extracellular matrix. Mutant COMP is retained in the endoplasmic reticulum (ER) of growth plate chondrocytes resulting in massive intracellular COMP retention. COMP trapped in the ER builds an intracellular matrix network that may prevent the normal cellular clearance mechanisms. We have shown that accumulation of intracellular matrix in mutant-COMP (MT-COMP) mice stimulates intense unrelenting ER stress, inflammation and oxidative stress. This cytotoxic stress triggers premature death of growth plate chondrocytes limiting long-bone growth. Here, we review the mutant COMP pathologic mechanisms and anti-inflammatory/antioxidant therapeutic approaches to reduce ER stress. In MT-COMP mice, aspirin and resveratrol both dampen the mutant COMP chondrocyte phenotype by decreasing intracellular accumulation, chondrocyte death and inflammatory marker expression. This reduction in chondrocyte stress translates into an improvement in long-bone growth in the MT-COMP mice. Our efforts now move to translational studies targeted at reducing the clinical consequences of MT-COMP and painful sequelae associated with PSACH.
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Affiliation(s)
- Karen L Posey
- McGovern Medical School at The University of Texas Health Science Center at Houston, Houston, TX, United States.
| | - Jacqueline T Hecht
- McGovern Medical School at The University of Texas Health Science Center at Houston, Houston, TX, United States; School of Dentistry University of Texas Heath, Houston, TX, United States
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237
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Mammalian ECD Protein Is a Novel Negative Regulator of the PERK Arm of the Unfolded Protein Response. Mol Cell Biol 2017; 37:MCB.00030-17. [PMID: 28652267 PMCID: PMC5574048 DOI: 10.1128/mcb.00030-17] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/19/2017] [Accepted: 06/17/2017] [Indexed: 01/01/2023] Open
Abstract
Mammalian Ecdysoneless (ECD) is a highly conserved ortholog of the DrosophilaEcd gene product whose mutations impair the synthesis of Ecdysone and produce cell-autonomous survival defects, but the mechanisms by which ECD functions are largely unknown. Here we present evidence that ECD regulates the endoplasmic reticulum (ER) stress response. ER stress induction led to a reduced ECD protein level, but this effect was not seen in PKR-like ER kinase knockout (PERK-KO) or phosphodeficient eukaryotic translation initiation factor 2α (eIF2α) mouse embryonic fibroblasts (MEFs); moreover, ECD mRNA levels were increased, suggesting impaired ECD translation as the mechanism for reduced protein levels. ECD colocalizes and coimmunoprecipitates with PERK and GRP78. ECD depletion increased the levels of both phospho-PERK (p-PERK) and p-eIF2α, and these effects were enhanced upon ER stress induction. Reciprocally, overexpression of ECD led to marked decreases in p-PERK, p-eIF2α, and ATF4 levels but robust increases in GRP78 protein levels. However, GRP78 mRNA levels were unchanged, suggesting a posttranscriptional event. Knockdown of GRP78 reversed the attenuating effect of ECD overexpression on PERK signaling. Significantly, overexpression of ECD provided a survival advantage to cells upon ER stress induction. Taken together, our data demonstrate that ECD promotes survival upon ER stress by increasing GRP78 protein levels to enhance the adaptive folding protein in the ER to attenuate PERK signaling.
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238
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Inceoglu B, Bettaieb A, Haj FG, Gomes AV, Hammock BD. Modulation of mitochondrial dysfunction and endoplasmic reticulum stress are key mechanisms for the wide-ranging actions of epoxy fatty acids and soluble epoxide hydrolase inhibitors. Prostaglandins Other Lipid Mediat 2017; 133:68-78. [PMID: 28847566 DOI: 10.1016/j.prostaglandins.2017.08.003] [Citation(s) in RCA: 50] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/25/2017] [Revised: 08/01/2017] [Accepted: 08/07/2017] [Indexed: 12/29/2022]
Abstract
The arachidonic acid cascade is arguably the most widely known biologic regulatory pathway. Decades after the seminal discoveries involving its cyclooxygenase and lipoxygenase branches, studies of this cascade remain an active area of research. The third and less widely known branch, the cytochrome P450 pathway leads to highly active oxygenated lipid mediators, epoxy fatty acids (EpFAs) and hydroxyeicosatetraenoic acids (HETEs), which are of similar potency to prostanoids and leukotrienes. Unlike the COX and LOX branches, no pharmaceuticals currently are marketed targeting the P450 branch. However, data support therapeutic benefits from modulating these regulatory lipid mediators. This is being approached by stabilizing or mimicking the EpFAs or even by altering the diet. These approaches lead to predominantly beneficial effects on a wide range of apparently unrelated states resulting in an enigma of how this small group of natural chemical mediators can have such diverse effects. EpFAs are degraded by soluble epoxide hydrolase (sEH) and stabilized by inhibiting this enzyme. In this review, we focus on interconnected aspects of reported mechanisms of action of EpFAs and inhibitors of soluble epoxide hydrolase (sEHI). The sEHI and EpFAs are commonly reported to maintain homeostasis under pathological conditions while remaining neutral under normal physiological conditions. Here we provide a conceptual framework for the unique and broad range of biological activities ascribed to epoxy fatty acids. We argue that their mechanism of action pivots on their ability to prevent mitochondrial dysfunction, to reduce subsequent ROS formation and to block resulting cellular signaling cascades, primarily the endoplasmic reticulum stress. By stabilizing the mitochondrial - ROS - ER stress axis, the range of activity of EpFAs and sEHI display an overlap with the disease conditions including diabetes, fibrosis, chronic pain, cardiovascular and neurodegenerative diseases, for which the above outlined mechanisms play key roles.
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Affiliation(s)
- Bora Inceoglu
- Department of Entomology and Nematology, UC Davis Comprehensive Cancer Center, University of California Davis, Davis, CA 95616, United States.
| | - Ahmed Bettaieb
- Department of Nutrition, The University of Tennessee, Knoxville, TN 37996-0840, United States; Graduate School of Genome Science and Technology, The University of Tennessee, Knoxville, TN 37996-0840, United States.
| | - Fawaz G Haj
- Department of Nutrition, University of California Davis, CA 95616, United States; Division of Endocrinology, Diabetes and Metabolism, Department of Internal Medicine, University of California Davis, Sacramento, CA 95817, United States
| | - Aldrin V Gomes
- Department of Neurobiology, Physiology, and Behavior, University of California Davis, Davis, CA 95616, United States; Department of Physiology and Membrane Biology, University of California Davis, Davis, CA 95616, United States
| | - Bruce D Hammock
- Department of Entomology and Nematology, UC Davis Comprehensive Cancer Center, University of California Davis, Davis, CA 95616, United States
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239
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Bhardwaj R, Tandon C, Dhawan DK, Kaur T. Effect of endoplasmic reticulum stress inhibition on hyperoxaluria-induced oxidative stress: influence on cellular ROS sources. World J Urol 2017; 35:1955-1965. [DOI: 10.1007/s00345-017-2083-8] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/29/2017] [Accepted: 08/17/2017] [Indexed: 01/08/2023] Open
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240
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Tadros S, Shukla SK, King RJ, Gunda V, Vernucci E, Abrego J, Chaika NV, Yu F, Lazenby AJ, Berim L, Grem J, Sasson AR, Singh PK. De Novo Lipid Synthesis Facilitates Gemcitabine Resistance through Endoplasmic Reticulum Stress in Pancreatic Cancer. Cancer Res 2017; 77:5503-5517. [PMID: 28811332 DOI: 10.1158/0008-5472.can-16-3062] [Citation(s) in RCA: 136] [Impact Index Per Article: 19.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/14/2016] [Revised: 05/15/2017] [Accepted: 08/08/2017] [Indexed: 12/24/2022]
Abstract
Pancreatic adenocarcinoma is moderately responsive to gemcitabine-based chemotherapy, the most widely used single-agent therapy for pancreatic cancer. Although the prognosis in pancreatic cancer remains grim in part due to poor response to therapy, previous attempts at identifying and targeting the resistance mechanisms have not been very successful. By leveraging The Cancer Genome Atlas dataset, we identified lipid metabolism as the metabolic pathway that most significantly correlated with poor gemcitabine response in pancreatic cancer patients. Furthermore, we investigated the relationship between alterations in lipogenesis pathway and gemcitabine resistance by utilizing tissues from the genetically engineered mouse model and human pancreatic cancer patients. We observed a significant increase in fatty acid synthase (FASN) expression with increasing disease progression in spontaneous pancreatic cancer mouse model, and a correlation of high FASN expression with poor survival in patients and poor gemcitabine responsiveness in cell lines. We observed a synergistic effect of FASN inhibitors with gemcitabine in pancreatic cancer cells in culture and orthotopic implantation models. Combination of gemcitabine and the FASN inhibitor orlistat significantly diminished stemness, in part due to induction of endoplasmic reticulum (ER) stress that resulted in apoptosis. Moreover, direct induction of ER stress with thapsigargin caused a similar decrease in stemness and showed synergistic activity with gemcitabine. Our in vivo studies with orthotopic implantation models demonstrated a robust increase in gemcitabine responsiveness upon inhibition of fatty acid biosynthesis with orlistat. Altogether, we demonstrate that fatty acid biosynthesis pathway manipulation can help overcome the gemcitabine resistance in pancreatic cancer by regulating ER stress and stemness. Cancer Res; 77(20); 5503-17. ©2017 AACR.
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Affiliation(s)
- Saber Tadros
- Eppley Institute for Research in Cancer and Allied Diseases, University of Nebraska Medical Center, Omaha, Nebraska
| | - Surendra K Shukla
- Eppley Institute for Research in Cancer and Allied Diseases, University of Nebraska Medical Center, Omaha, Nebraska
| | - Ryan J King
- Eppley Institute for Research in Cancer and Allied Diseases, University of Nebraska Medical Center, Omaha, Nebraska
| | - Venugopal Gunda
- Eppley Institute for Research in Cancer and Allied Diseases, University of Nebraska Medical Center, Omaha, Nebraska
| | - Enza Vernucci
- Eppley Institute for Research in Cancer and Allied Diseases, University of Nebraska Medical Center, Omaha, Nebraska
| | - Jaime Abrego
- Eppley Institute for Research in Cancer and Allied Diseases, University of Nebraska Medical Center, Omaha, Nebraska
| | - Nina V Chaika
- Eppley Institute for Research in Cancer and Allied Diseases, University of Nebraska Medical Center, Omaha, Nebraska
| | - Fang Yu
- Department of Biostatistics, University of Nebraska Medical Center, Omaha, Nebraska
| | - Audrey J Lazenby
- Department of Pathology and Microbiology, University of Nebraska Medical Center, Omaha, Nebraska
| | - Lyudmyla Berim
- Department of Internal Medicine, University of Nebraska Medical Center, Omaha, Nebraska
| | - Jean Grem
- Department of Internal Medicine, University of Nebraska Medical Center, Omaha, Nebraska
| | - Aaron R Sasson
- Division of Surgical Oncology, Department of Surgery, Stony Brook Cancer Center, Stony Brook, New York
| | - Pankaj K Singh
- Eppley Institute for Research in Cancer and Allied Diseases, University of Nebraska Medical Center, Omaha, Nebraska. .,Department of Pathology and Microbiology, University of Nebraska Medical Center, Omaha, Nebraska.,Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, University of Nebraska Medical Center, Omaha, Nebraska.,Department of Genetics, Cell Biology, and Anatomy, University of Nebraska Medical Center, Omaha, Nebraska
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241
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Mihailidou C, Chatzistamou I, Papavassiliou AG, Kiaris H. Modulation of Pancreatic Islets' Function and Survival During Aging Involves the Differential Regulation of Endoplasmic Reticulum Stress by p21 and CHOP. Antioxid Redox Signal 2017; 27:185-200. [PMID: 27931122 PMCID: PMC5512329 DOI: 10.1089/ars.2016.6671] [Citation(s) in RCA: 16] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/06/2023]
Abstract
AIMS Although endoplasmic reticulum (ER) stress is recognized as a major mechanism causing pancreatic dysfunction in diabetes, little is known on how aging modulates the process. Here, we compared the response with ER stress, viability, and insulin release from pancreatic islets of young (6 weeks) or aged (14 months) mice. RESULTS Islets from aged mice were more sensitive to ER stress than their younger counterparts; they exhibited more pronounced unfolded protein response (UPR) and caspase activation and displayed compromised insulin release after high-glucose stimulation. Genetic ablation of p21 sensitized the islets to ER stress, especially in the aged group, whereas CHOP ablation was protective for islets from both aged and younger animals. Ciclopirox (CPX), an iron chelator that stimulates p21 expression, protected islets from glucotoxicity and mice from diet-induced diabetes, especially in the aged group in a manner that was both p21 and CHOP dependent. INNOVATION For the first time, the study shows that age-dependent susceptibility to diet-induced diabetes is associated with the activity of p21 and CHOP in pancreatic islets and that CPX protects islets from glucotoxicity and mice from diabetes in an age-dependent manner. CONCLUSIONS Our results identify ER stress as an age-dependent modifier of islet survival and function by mechanisms implicating enhancement of CHOP activity and inhibition of the protective activity of p21. These findings suggest that interventions restoring the homeostatic activity of ER stress, by agents such as CPX, may be particularly beneficial for the management of diabetes in the elderly. Antioxid. Redox Signal. 27, 185-200.
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Affiliation(s)
- Chrysovalantou Mihailidou
- 1 Department of Biological Chemistry, National and Kapodistrian University of Athens , Medical School, Athens, Greece
| | - Ioulia Chatzistamou
- 2 Department of Pathology, Microbiology and Immunology, University of South Carolina School of Medicine , Columbia, South Carolina
| | - Athanasios G Papavassiliou
- 1 Department of Biological Chemistry, National and Kapodistrian University of Athens , Medical School, Athens, Greece
| | - Hippokratis Kiaris
- 1 Department of Biological Chemistry, National and Kapodistrian University of Athens , Medical School, Athens, Greece .,3 Department of Drug Discovery and Biomedical Sciences, University of South Carolina , Columbia, South Carolina
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242
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Fan L, Xiao Q, Chen Y, Chen G, Duan J, Tao W. Pekinenin E Inhibits the Growth of Hepatocellular Carcinoma by Promoting Endoplasmic Reticulum Stress Mediated Cell Death. Front Pharmacol 2017; 8:424. [PMID: 28706487 PMCID: PMC5489557 DOI: 10.3389/fphar.2017.00424] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/09/2017] [Accepted: 06/14/2017] [Indexed: 01/27/2023] Open
Abstract
Hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC) is a malignant primary liver cancer with poor prognosis. In the present study, we report that pekinenin E (PE), a casbane diterpenoid derived from the roots of Euphorbia pekinensis, has a strong antitumor activity against human HCC cells both in vitro and in vivo. PE suppressed the growth of human HCC cells Hep G2 and SMMC-7721. In addition, PE-mediated endoplasmic reticulum (ER) stress caused increasing expressions of C/EBP homologous protein (CHOP), leading to apoptosis in HCC cells both in vitro and in vivo. Inhibition of ER stress with CHOP small interfering RNA or 4-phenyl-butyric acid partially reversed PE-induced cell death. Furthermore, PE induced S cell cycle arrest, which could also be partially reversed by CHOP knockdown. In all, these findings suggest that PE causes ER stress-associated cell death and cell cycle arrest, and it may serve as a potent agent for curing human HCC.
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Affiliation(s)
- Lu Fan
- School of Medicine and Life Sciences, Nanjing University of Chinese MedicineNanjing, China
| | - Qingling Xiao
- School of Basic Biomedical Science, Nanjing University of Chinese MedicineNanjing, China
| | - Yanyan Chen
- School of Basic Biomedical Science, Nanjing University of Chinese MedicineNanjing, China
| | - Gang Chen
- School of Basic Biomedical Science, Nanjing University of Chinese MedicineNanjing, China
| | - Jinao Duan
- Jiangsu Key Laboratory for High Technology Research of TCM Formulae and Jiangsu Collaborative Innovation Center of Chinese Medicinal Resources Industrialization, Nanjing University of Chinese MedicineNanjing, China
| | - Weiwei Tao
- School of Basic Biomedical Science, Nanjing University of Chinese MedicineNanjing, China
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243
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Jankovic A, Korac A, Buzadzic B, Stancic A, Otasevic V, Ferdinandy P, Daiber A, Korac B. Targeting the NO/superoxide ratio in adipose tissue: relevance to obesity and diabetes management. Br J Pharmacol 2017; 174:1570-1590. [PMID: 27079449 PMCID: PMC5446578 DOI: 10.1111/bph.13498] [Citation(s) in RCA: 41] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/18/2016] [Revised: 03/31/2016] [Accepted: 04/04/2016] [Indexed: 12/21/2022] Open
Abstract
Insulin sensitivity and metabolic homeostasis depend on the capacity of adipose tissue to take up and utilize excess glucose and fatty acids. The key aspects that determine the fuel-buffering capacity of adipose tissue depend on the physiological levels of the small redox molecule, nitric oxide (NO). In addition to impairment of NO synthesis, excessive formation of the superoxide anion (О2•- ) in adipose tissue may be an important interfering factor diverting the signalling of NO and other reactive oxygen and nitrogen species in obesity, resulting in metabolic dysfunction of adipose tissue over time. Besides its role in relief from superoxide burst, enhanced NO signalling may be responsible for the therapeutic benefits of different superoxide dismutase mimetics, in obesity and experimental diabetes models. This review summarizes the role of NO in adipose tissue and highlights the effects of NO/О2•- ratio 'teetering' as a promising pharmacological target in the metabolic syndrome. LINKED ARTICLES This article is part of a themed section on Redox Biology and Oxidative Stress in Health and Disease. To view the other articles in this section visit http://onlinelibrary.wiley.com/doi/10.1111/bph.v174.12/issuetoc.
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Affiliation(s)
- Aleksandra Jankovic
- Department of Physiology, Institute for Biological Research “Sinisa Stankovic”University of BelgradeBelgradeSerbia
| | - Aleksandra Korac
- Faculty of Biology, Center for Electron MicroscopyUniversity of BelgradeBelgradeSerbia
| | - Biljana Buzadzic
- Department of Physiology, Institute for Biological Research “Sinisa Stankovic”University of BelgradeBelgradeSerbia
| | - Ana Stancic
- Department of Physiology, Institute for Biological Research “Sinisa Stankovic”University of BelgradeBelgradeSerbia
| | - Vesna Otasevic
- Department of Physiology, Institute for Biological Research “Sinisa Stankovic”University of BelgradeBelgradeSerbia
| | - Péter Ferdinandy
- Department of Pharmacology and PharmacotherapySemmelweis UniversityBudapestHungary
- Pharmahungary GroupSzegedHungary
| | - Andreas Daiber
- Center for Cardiology ‐ Cardiology 1, Molecular CardiologyUniversity Medical CenterMainzGermany
| | - Bato Korac
- Department of Physiology, Institute for Biological Research “Sinisa Stankovic”University of BelgradeBelgradeSerbia
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244
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Chong WC, Shastri MD, Eri R. Endoplasmic Reticulum Stress and Oxidative Stress: A Vicious Nexus Implicated in Bowel Disease Pathophysiology. Int J Mol Sci 2017; 18:E771. [PMID: 28379196 PMCID: PMC5412355 DOI: 10.3390/ijms18040771] [Citation(s) in RCA: 193] [Impact Index Per Article: 27.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/23/2017] [Accepted: 03/30/2017] [Indexed: 02/07/2023] Open
Abstract
The endoplasmic reticulum (ER) is a complex protein folding and trafficking organelle. Alteration and discrepancy in the endoplasmic reticulum environment can affect the protein folding process and hence, can result in the production of misfolded proteins. The accumulation of misfolded proteins causes cellular damage and elicits endoplasmic reticulum stress. Under such stress conditions, cells exhibit reduced functional synthesis, and will undergo apoptosis if the stress is prolonged. To resolve the ER stress, cells trigger an intrinsic mechanism called an unfolded protein response (UPR). UPR is an adaptive signaling process that triggers multiple pathways through the endoplasmic reticulum transmembrane transducers, to reduce and remove misfolded proteins and improve the protein folding mechanism, in order to improve and maintain endoplasmic reticulum homeostasis. An increasing number of studies support the view that oxidative stress has a strong connection with ER stress. During the protein folding process, reactive oxygen species are produced as by-products, leading to impaired reduction-oxidation (redox) balance conferring oxidative stress. As the protein folding process is dependent on redox homeostasis, the oxidative stress can disrupt the protein folding mechanism and enhance the production of misfolded proteins, causing further ER stress. It is proposed that endoplasmic reticulum stress and oxidative stress together play significant roles in the pathophysiology of bowel diseases.
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Affiliation(s)
- Wai Chin Chong
- School of Health Science, University of Tasmania, Newnham TAS 7248, Australia.
| | - Madhur D Shastri
- School of Health Science, University of Tasmania, Newnham TAS 7248, Australia.
| | - Rajaraman Eri
- School of Health Science, University of Tasmania, Newnham TAS 7248, Australia.
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245
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Modified SJH alleviates FFAs-induced hepatic steatosis through leptin signaling pathways. Sci Rep 2017; 7:45425. [PMID: 28358008 PMCID: PMC5371820 DOI: 10.1038/srep45425] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/12/2016] [Accepted: 03/01/2017] [Indexed: 02/06/2023] Open
Abstract
Samjunghwan (SJH) is an herbal formula used in traditional Korean medicine. This prescription has long been used in treatment of aging and lifestyle diseases. The current study showed the effect and mechanisms of anti-hepatic steatosis action of modified SJH (mSJH) in vitro and in vivo. Treatment with mSJH resulted in significantly decreased intracellular lipid accumulation in steatosis-induced cells. Furthermore, mSJH triggered the phosphorylation of AMP-activated protein kinase and acetyl-CoA carboxylase as well as increased the expression of leptin at both protein and gene levels. In addition, C57BL6 mice fed high-fat diet (HFD) showed significant improvements in body, liver weights and fat weights; and serum, hepatic and fecal lipid parameters in response to the treatment with mSJH. Furthermore, mSJH showed favorable effects on the hepatic expression of several genes related to lipid metabolism. Betaine, one of constituents of mSJH exerted fundamental beneficial impact on FFAs-induced cells. However, the beneficial effects of mSJH were diminished upon blocking of leptin signaling by dexamethasone, suggesting the leptin signaling as a key component in mSJH-mediated modulation of lipid homeostasis. Our results suggest that mSJH exerts an anti-hepatic steatosis effect via activation of leptin and associated signaling cascades related to lipid metabolism.
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246
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Orlova NA, Kovnir SV, Gabibov AG, Vorobiev II. Stable high-level expression of factor VIII in Chinese hamster ovary cells in improved elongation factor-1 alpha-based system. BMC Biotechnol 2017; 17:33. [PMID: 28340620 PMCID: PMC5366130 DOI: 10.1186/s12896-017-0353-6] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/15/2015] [Accepted: 03/11/2017] [Indexed: 11/10/2022] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Recombinant factor VIII (FVIII), used for haemophilia A therapy, is one of the most challenging among the therapeutic proteins produced in heterologous expression systems. Deletion variant of FVIII, in which the entire domain B is replaced by a short linker peptide, was approved for medical use. Efficacy and safety of this FVIII deletion variant are similar to full-length FVIII preparations while the level of production in CHO cells is substantially higher. Typical levels of productivity for CHO cell lines producing deletion variant FVIII-BDD SQ, described elsewhere, are 0.5-2 IU/ml, corresponding to the concentration of FVIII of about 0.2 μg/ml. Using standard vectors based on the cytomegalovirus promoter (CMV) and the dihydrofolate reductase cDNA we have previously obtained the cell line secreting 0.5 IU/ml of FVIII-BDD, which roughly corresponds to the previously published data. RESULTS An expression system based on CHO genomic sequences including CHO-EEF1A promoter and Epstein-Barr virus terminal repeat fragment allowed us to achieve 80-fold increase in the production level as compared with the conventional expression system based on the CMV promoter. Immediately after the primary selection FVIII -producing cells secreted 5-10 IU/ml of FVIII-BDD, and after multi-stage methotrexate-driven amplification a stable clonal line 11A4H was selected, secreting 39 IU/ml of FVIII-BDD in the simple batch culturing conditions, which considerably exceeds known indicators for industrial producers of this protein. In contrast to other FVIII-BDD producing lines 11A4H accumulates low proportion of the secreted FVIII on the membrane. Its productivity may be further increased approximately two-fold by adding sodium butyrate and butylated hydroxyanisol to the culture medium. A five-stage purification process for the factor VIII was employed. It allowed isolation of the intact FVIII-BDD as was confirmed by mass spectrometry. Purified FVIII-BDD has a specific activity of 11,000 IU/mg, similar to known recombinant FVIII drugs. CONCLUSIONS The recombinant FVIII-BDD was produced in CHO cells without addition of any animal-derived materials, purified and characterized. Novel genetic constructions for the expression of heterologous proteins combined with optimized cultivation method allowed to obtain the secretion level of biologically active recombinant FVIII increased by almost ten times as compared with the previously published analogues.
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Affiliation(s)
- Nadezhda A Orlova
- Laboratory of Mammalian Cell Bioengineering, Institute of Bioengineering, Research Center of Biotechnology of the Russian Academy of Sciences, 33, bld. 2 Leninsky Ave., Moscow, 119071, Russia
| | - Sergey V Kovnir
- Laboratory of Mammalian Cell Bioengineering, Institute of Bioengineering, Research Center of Biotechnology of the Russian Academy of Sciences, 33, bld. 2 Leninsky Ave., Moscow, 119071, Russia
| | - Alexandre G Gabibov
- Laboratory of Biocatalysis, Institute of Bioorganic Chemistry of the Russian Academy of Sciences, 16/10, Miklukho-Maklaya str., Moscow, 119971, Russia
| | - Ivan I Vorobiev
- Laboratory of Mammalian Cell Bioengineering, Institute of Bioengineering, Research Center of Biotechnology of the Russian Academy of Sciences, 33, bld. 2 Leninsky Ave., Moscow, 119071, Russia.
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247
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Eckstein M, Vaeth M, Fornai C, Vinu M, Bromage TG, Nurbaeva MK, Sorge JL, Coelho PG, Idaghdour Y, Feske S, Lacruz RS. Store-operated Ca 2+ entry controls ameloblast cell function and enamel development. JCI Insight 2017; 2:e91166. [PMID: 28352661 DOI: 10.1172/jci.insight.91166] [Citation(s) in RCA: 31] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/17/2022] Open
Abstract
Loss-of-function mutations in stromal interaction molecule 1 (STIM1) impair the activation of Ca2+ release-activated Ca2+ (CRAC) channels and store-operated Ca2+ entry (SOCE), resulting in a disease syndrome called CRAC channelopathy that is characterized by severe dental enamel defects. The cause of these enamel defects has remained unclear given a lack of animal models. We generated Stim1/2K14cre mice to delete STIM1 and its homolog STIM2 in enamel cells. These mice showed impaired SOCE in enamel cells. Enamel in Stim1/2K14cre mice was hypomineralized with decreased Ca content, mechanically weak, and thinner. The morphology of SOCE-deficient ameloblasts was altered, showing loss of the typical ruffled border, resulting in mislocalized mitochondria. Global gene expression analysis of SOCE-deficient ameloblasts revealed strong dysregulation of several pathways. ER stress genes associated with the unfolded protein response were increased in Stim1/2-deficient cells, whereas the expression of components of the glutathione system were decreased. Consistent with increased oxidative stress, we found increased ROS production, decreased mitochondrial function, and abnormal mitochondrial morphology in ameloblasts of Stim1/2K14cre mice. Collectively, these data show that loss of SOCE in enamel cells has substantial detrimental effects on gene expression, cell function, and the mineralization of dental enamel.
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Affiliation(s)
- Miriam Eckstein
- Department of Basic Science and Craniofacial Biology, New York University College of Dentistry, New York, New York, USA
| | - Martin Vaeth
- Department of Pathology, New York University School of Medicine, New York, New York, USA
| | - Cinzia Fornai
- Department of Anthropology, University of Vienna, Vienna, Austria.,Department of Evolutionary Medicine, University of Zurich, Zurich, Switzerland
| | - Manikandan Vinu
- Biology Program, Division of Science and Mathematics, New York University Abu Dhabi, Abu Dhabi, United Arab Emirates
| | - Timothy G Bromage
- Department of Basic Science and Craniofacial Biology, New York University College of Dentistry, New York, New York, USA.,Department of Biomaterials and Biomimetics, New York University College of Dentistry, New York, New York, USA
| | - Meerim K Nurbaeva
- Department of Basic Science and Craniofacial Biology, New York University College of Dentistry, New York, New York, USA
| | - Jessica L Sorge
- Department of Basic Science and Craniofacial Biology, New York University College of Dentistry, New York, New York, USA
| | - Paulo G Coelho
- Department of Biomaterials and Biomimetics, New York University College of Dentistry, New York, New York, USA
| | - Youssef Idaghdour
- Biology Program, Division of Science and Mathematics, New York University Abu Dhabi, Abu Dhabi, United Arab Emirates
| | - Stefan Feske
- Department of Pathology, New York University School of Medicine, New York, New York, USA
| | - Rodrigo S Lacruz
- Department of Basic Science and Craniofacial Biology, New York University College of Dentistry, New York, New York, USA
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248
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Hsu HY, Lin TY, Lu MK, Leng PJ, Tsao SM, Wu YC. Fucoidan induces Toll-like receptor 4-regulated reactive oxygen species and promotes endoplasmic reticulum stress-mediated apoptosis in lung cancer. Sci Rep 2017; 7:44990. [PMID: 28332554 PMCID: PMC5362958 DOI: 10.1038/srep44990] [Citation(s) in RCA: 69] [Impact Index Per Article: 9.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/01/2016] [Accepted: 02/20/2017] [Indexed: 12/11/2022] Open
Abstract
Fucoidan, a sulfated polysaccharide extracted from brown algae, exhibits anti-cancer activity. However, the effects and mechanism of fucoidan-induced apoptosis via endoplasmic reticulum (ER) stress is unclear. In this study, we demonstrated that fucoidan prevents tumorigenesis and reduces tumor size in LLC1-xenograft male C57BL/6 mice. Fucoidan induces an ER stress response by activating the PERK-ATF4-CHOP pathway, resulting in apoptotic cell death in vitro and in vivo. Furthermore, ATF4 knockdown abolishes fucoidan-induced CHOP expression and rescues cell viability. Specifically, fucoidan increases intracellular reactive oxygen species (ROS), which increase ATF4 and CHOP in lung cancer cells. Using the ROS scavenger N-acetyl-l-cysteine (NAC), we found that ROS generation is involved in fucoidan-induced ER stress-mediated apoptosis. Moreover, via Toll-like receptor 4 (TLR4) knockdown, we demonstrated that fucoidan-induced ROS and CHOP expression were attenuated. Our study is the first to identify a novel mechanism for the antitumor activity of fucoidan. We showed that fucoidan inhibits tumor viability by activating the TLR4/ROS/ER stress axis and the downstream PERK-ATF4-CHOP pathway, leading to apoptosis and suppression of lung cancer cell progression. Together, these results indicate that fucoidan is a potential preventive and therapeutic agent for lung cancer that acts via activation of ROS-dependent ER stress pathways.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hsien-Yeh Hsu
- Department of Biotechnology and Laboratory Science in Medicine, National Yang-Ming University, Taipei, Taiwan.,Program in Molecular Medicine, National Yang-Ming University and Academia Sinica, Taipei, Taiwan.,The Genomics Research Center, Academia Sinica, Taipei, Taiwan
| | - Tung-Yi Lin
- Department of Biotechnology and Laboratory Science in Medicine, National Yang-Ming University, Taipei, Taiwan.,Program in Molecular Medicine, National Yang-Ming University and Academia Sinica, Taipei, Taiwan
| | - Mei-Kuang Lu
- National Research Institute of Chinese Medicine, Taipei, Taiwan.,Graduate Institute of Pharmacognosy, Taipei Medical University, Taipei, Taiwan
| | - Pei-Ju Leng
- Department of Biotechnology and Laboratory Science in Medicine, National Yang-Ming University, Taipei, Taiwan
| | - Shu-Ming Tsao
- Department of Biotechnology and Laboratory Science in Medicine, National Yang-Ming University, Taipei, Taiwan
| | - Yu-Chung Wu
- Division of Thoracic Surgery, Department of Surgery, Taipei Veterans General Hospital, Taipei, Taiwan.,School of Medicine, National Yang-Ming University, Taipei, Taiwan
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249
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Zhang Y, Xiao F, Liu X, Liu K, Zhou X, Zhong C. Cr(VI) induces cytotoxicity in vitro through activation of ROS-mediated endoplasmic reticulum stress and mitochondrial dysfunction via the PI3K/Akt signaling pathway. Toxicol In Vitro 2017; 41:232-244. [PMID: 28323103 DOI: 10.1016/j.tiv.2017.03.003] [Citation(s) in RCA: 49] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/17/2016] [Revised: 02/27/2017] [Accepted: 03/14/2017] [Indexed: 12/22/2022]
Abstract
The occupational and environmental toxicant hexavalent chromium [Cr(VI)] can cause severe damage to the liver; however, the exact mechanisms associated with its toxicity have not been thoroughly demonstrated. In the present study, the underlying mechanisms of Cr(VI)-induced hepatotoxicity were investigated. Our results showed that Cr(VI) inhibited the growth and proliferation of L-02 hepatocytes. Further study revealed that Cr(VI) significantly induced S-phase cell cycle arrest and apoptosis accompanying with the overproduction of reactive oxygen species (ROS). Cr(VI)-induced apoptosis could be prevented by inhibiting ROS with N-acetyl-l-cysteine (NAC). Additionally, our data showed that Cr(VI)-induced endoplasmic reticulum (ER) stress and mitochondrial dysfunction were concentration- and time-dependent. Moreover, inhibition of C/EBA homologous protein (CHOP) expression by siRNA partially prevented Cr(VI)-induced cell apoptosis, mitochondrial dysfunction and ROS generation. We also found that Cr(VI) treatment inhibited the PI3K/Akt pathway in a concentration- and time-dependent manner. After using IGF-1 (50ng/mL), the specific agonist of the PI3K/AKT signaling pathway, the facilitating effects of Cr(VI) were depressed. This finding demonstrated the relationship between the PI3K/Akt pathway, ER stress and mitochondrial dysfunction. Collectively, these findings indicated that Cr(VI) increased ROS production. Increased ROS production may account for inhibition of the PI3K/Akt pathway and lead to ER stress and mitochondrial dysfunction, which consequently induces apoptosis in L-02 hepatocytes. This study provides novel insights into the molecular mechanisms of Cr(VI)-induced cytotoxicity.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yujing Zhang
- Department of Toxicology, Xiangya School of Public Health, Central South University, Changsha 410078, PR China
| | - Fang Xiao
- Department of Toxicology, Xiangya School of Public Health, Central South University, Changsha 410078, PR China
| | - Xinmin Liu
- Department of Toxicology, Xiangya School of Public Health, Central South University, Changsha 410078, PR China
| | - Kaihua Liu
- Department of Toxicology, Xiangya School of Public Health, Central South University, Changsha 410078, PR China
| | - Xiaoxin Zhou
- Department of Toxicology, Xiangya School of Public Health, Central South University, Changsha 410078, PR China
| | - Caigao Zhong
- Department of Toxicology, Xiangya School of Public Health, Central South University, Changsha 410078, PR China.
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250
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Battson ML, Lee DM, Gentile CL. Endoplasmic reticulum stress and the development of endothelial dysfunction. Am J Physiol Heart Circ Physiol 2017; 312:H355-H367. [DOI: 10.1152/ajpheart.00437.2016] [Citation(s) in RCA: 59] [Impact Index Per Article: 8.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/17/2016] [Revised: 11/28/2016] [Accepted: 11/28/2016] [Indexed: 12/14/2022]
Abstract
The vascular endothelium plays a critical role in cardiovascular homeostasis, and thus identifying the underlying causes of endothelial dysfunction has important clinical implications. In this regard, the endoplasmic reticulum (ER) has recently emerged as an important regulator of metabolic processes. Dysfunction within the ER, broadly termed ER stress, evokes the unfolded protein response (UPR), an adaptive pathway that aims to restore ER homeostasis. Although the UPR is the first line of defense against ER stress, chronic activation of the UPR leads to cell dysfunction and death and has recently been implicated in the pathogenesis of endothelial dysfunction. Numerous risk factors for endothelial dysfunction can induce ER stress, which may in turn disrupt endothelial function via direct effects on endothelium-derived vasoactive substances or by activating other pathogenic cellular networks such as inflammation and oxidative stress. This review summarizes the available data linking ER stress to endothelial dysfunction.
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Affiliation(s)
- M. L. Battson
- Department of Food Science and Human Nutrition, Colorado State University, Fort Collins, Colorado
| | - D. M. Lee
- Department of Food Science and Human Nutrition, Colorado State University, Fort Collins, Colorado
| | - C. L. Gentile
- Department of Food Science and Human Nutrition, Colorado State University, Fort Collins, Colorado
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