201
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Kim JH, Irfan M, Hossain MA, George A, Chung S. BDNF/TrkB Is a Crucial Regulator in the Inflammation-Mediated Odontoblastic Differentiation of Dental Pulp Stem Cells. Cells 2023; 12:1851. [PMID: 37508514 PMCID: PMC10378460 DOI: 10.3390/cells12141851] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/14/2023] [Revised: 07/06/2023] [Accepted: 07/12/2023] [Indexed: 07/30/2023] Open
Abstract
The odontoblastic differentiation of dental pulp stem cells (DPSCs) associated with caries injury happens in an inflammatory context. We recently demonstrated that there is a link between inflammation and dental tissue regeneration, identified via enhanced DPSC-mediated dentinogenesis in vitro. Brain-derived neurotrophic factor (BDNF) is a nerve growth factor-related gene family molecule which functions through tropomyosin receptor kinase B (TrkB). While the roles of BDNF in neural tissue repair and other regeneration processes are well identified, its role in dentinogenesis has not been explored. Furthermore, the role of BDNF receptor-TrkB in inflammation-induced dentinogenesis remains unknown. The role of BDNF/TrkB was examined during a 17-day odontogenic differentiation of DPSCs. Human DPSCs were subjected to odontogenic differentiation in dentinogenic media treated with inflammation inducers (LTA or TNFα), BDNF, and a TrkB agonist (LM22A-4) and/or antagonist (CTX-B). Our data show that BDNF and TrkB receptors affect the early and late stages of the odontogenic differentiation of DPSCs. Immunofluorescent data confirmed the expression of BDNF and TrkB in DPSCs. Our ELISA and qPCR data demonstrate that TrkB agonist treatment increased the expression of dentin matrix protein-1 (DMP-1) during early DPSC odontoblastic differentiation. Coherently, the expression levels of runt-related transcription factor 2 (RUNX-2) and osteocalcin (OCN) were increased. TNFα, which is responsible for a diverse range of inflammation signaling, increased the levels of expression of dentin sialophosphoprotein (DSPP) and DMP1. Furthermore, BDNF significantly potentiated its effect. The application of CTX-B reversed this effect, suggesting TrkB`s critical role in TNFα-mediated dentinogenesis. Our studies provide novel findings on the role of BDNF-TrkB in the inflammation-induced odontoblastic differentiation of DPSCs. This finding will address a novel regulatory pathway and a therapeutic approach in dentin tissue engineering using DPSCs.
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Affiliation(s)
| | | | | | | | - Seung Chung
- Department of Oral Biology, College of Dentistry, University of Illinois Chicago, Chicago, IL 60612, USA; (J.-H.K.); (M.I.); (M.A.H.); (A.G.)
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202
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El Backly R, Zaky S, Marei MK. Editorial: Regenerating the dentin-pulp complex: understanding the challenges that lie ahead. Front Bioeng Biotechnol 2023; 11:1249969. [PMID: 37496850 PMCID: PMC10368127 DOI: 10.3389/fbioe.2023.1249969] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/29/2023] [Accepted: 07/03/2023] [Indexed: 07/28/2023] Open
Affiliation(s)
- Rania El Backly
- Endodontics, Conservative Dentistry Department, Faculty of Dentistry, Alexandria University, Alexandria, Egypt
- Tissue Engineering Laboratories, Faculty of Dentistry, Alexandria University, Alexandria, Egypt
| | - Samer Zaky
- School of Dental Medicine, University of Pittsburgh, Pittsburgh, PA, United States
| | - Mona K. Marei
- Endodontics, Conservative Dentistry Department, Faculty of Dentistry, Alexandria University, Alexandria, Egypt
- Prosthodontics Department, Faculty of Dentistry, Alexandria University, Alexandria, Egypt
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203
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Abulhamael AM, Bhandi S, Albar NH, Shaiban AS, Bavabeedu SS, Alzahrani KJ, Alzahrani FM, Halawani IF, Patil S. Effects of Bacterial Metabolites on the Wnt4 Protein in Dental-Pulp-Stem-Cells-Based Endodontic Pulpitis Treatment. Microorganisms 2023; 11:1764. [PMID: 37512935 PMCID: PMC10385042 DOI: 10.3390/microorganisms11071764] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/11/2023] [Revised: 06/25/2023] [Accepted: 06/29/2023] [Indexed: 07/30/2023] Open
Abstract
Porphyromonas gingivalis is associated with endodontic pulpitis, causing damage to the dental pulp, leading to severe pain and a decline in quality of life. Regenerative pulp treatments using dental pulp stem cells (DPSCs) can be hindered by interactions between DPSCs and the infecting bacteria. The protein WNT family member 4 (Wnt4) plays a critical role in the differentiation of DPSCs and the regeneration of odontogenic tissue. However, the specific influence of P. gingivalis on Wnt4 remains unclear. In this study, we employed a computational approach to investigate the underlying mechanisms through which P. gingivalis-produced metabolites inhibit the Wnt4 protein, thereby diminishing the regenerative potential and therapeutic efficacy of odontogenic tissue. Among the metabolites examined, C29H46N7O18P3S-4 exhibited the strongest inhibitory effect on the Wnt4 protein, as evidenced by the lowest binding energy score of -6782 kcal/mol. Molecular dynamic simulation trajectories revealed that the binding of C29H46N7O18P3S-4 significantly altered the structural dynamics and stability of the Wnt4 protein. These alterations in protein trajectories may have implications for the molecular function of Wnt4 and its associated pathways. Overall, our findings shed light on the inhibitory impact of P. gingivalis-produced metabolites on the Wnt4 protein. Further in vitro, in vivo, and clinical studies are necessary to validate and expand upon our findings.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ayman M Abulhamael
- Department of Endodontic, Faculty of Dentistry, King Abdulaziz University, Jeddah 21589, Saudi Arabia
| | - Shilpa Bhandi
- College of Dental Medicine, Roseman University of Health Sciences, South Jordan, UT 84095, USA
| | - Nasreen H Albar
- Department of Restorative Dentistry, College of Dentistry, Jazan University, Jazan 45142, Saudi Arabia
| | - Amal S Shaiban
- Department of Restorative Dental Sciences, College of Dentistry, King Khalid University, Abha 62529, Saudi Arabia
| | - Shashit Shetty Bavabeedu
- Department of Restorative Dental Sciences, College of Dentistry, King Khalid University, Abha 62529, Saudi Arabia
| | - Khalid J Alzahrani
- Department of Clinical Laboratories Sciences, College of Applied Medical Sciences, Taif University, Taif 21944, Saudi Arabia
| | - Fuad M Alzahrani
- Department of Clinical Laboratories Sciences, College of Applied Medical Sciences, Taif University, Taif 21944, Saudi Arabia
| | - Ibrahim F Halawani
- Department of Clinical Laboratories Sciences, College of Applied Medical Sciences, Taif University, Taif 21944, Saudi Arabia
| | - Shankargouda Patil
- College of Dental Medicine, Roseman University of Health Sciences, South Jordan, UT 84095, USA
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204
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Sui BD, Zheng CX, Zhao WM, Xuan K, Li B, Jin Y. Mesenchymal condensation in tooth development and regeneration: a focus on translational aspects of organogenesis. Physiol Rev 2023; 103:1899-1964. [PMID: 36656056 DOI: 10.1152/physrev.00019.2022] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 15.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/31/2022] [Revised: 12/26/2022] [Accepted: 01/16/2023] [Indexed: 01/20/2023] Open
Abstract
The teeth are vertebrate-specific, highly specialized organs performing fundamental functions of mastication and speech, the maintenance of which is crucial for orofacial homeostasis and is further linked to systemic health and human psychosocial well-being. However, with limited ability for self-repair, the teeth can often be impaired by traumatic, inflammatory, and progressive insults, leading to high prevalence of tooth loss and defects worldwide. Regenerative medicine holds the promise to achieve physiological restoration of lost or damaged organs, and in particular an evolving framework of developmental engineering has pioneered functional tooth regeneration by harnessing the odontogenic program. As a key event of tooth morphogenesis, mesenchymal condensation dictates dental tissue formation and patterning through cellular self-organization and signaling interaction with the epithelium, which provides a representative to decipher organogenetic mechanisms and can be leveraged for regenerative purposes. In this review, we summarize how mesenchymal condensation spatiotemporally assembles from dental stem cells (DSCs) and sequentially mediates tooth development. We highlight condensation-mimetic engineering efforts and mechanisms based on ex vivo aggregation of DSCs, which have achieved functionally robust and physiologically relevant tooth regeneration after implantation in animals and in humans. The discussion of this aspect will add to the knowledge of development-inspired tissue engineering strategies and will offer benefits to propel clinical organ regeneration.
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Affiliation(s)
- Bing-Dong Sui
- State Key Laboratory of Military Stomatology and National Clinical Research Center for Oral Diseases and Shaanxi International Joint Research Center for Oral Diseases, Center for Tissue Engineering, School of Stomatology, Fourth Military Medical University, Xi'an, Shaanxi, China
| | - Chen-Xi Zheng
- State Key Laboratory of Military Stomatology and National Clinical Research Center for Oral Diseases and Shaanxi International Joint Research Center for Oral Diseases, Center for Tissue Engineering, School of Stomatology, Fourth Military Medical University, Xi'an, Shaanxi, China
| | - Wan-Min Zhao
- State Key Laboratory of Military Stomatology and National Clinical Research Center for Oral Diseases and Shaanxi International Joint Research Center for Oral Diseases, Center for Tissue Engineering, School of Stomatology, Fourth Military Medical University, Xi'an, Shaanxi, China
| | - Kun Xuan
- State Key Laboratory of Military Stomatology and National Clinical Research Center for Oral Diseases and Shaanxi International Joint Research Center for Oral Diseases, Center for Tissue Engineering, School of Stomatology, Fourth Military Medical University, Xi'an, Shaanxi, China
- Department of Preventive Dentistry, School of Stomatology, Fourth Military Medical University, Xi'an, Shaanxi, China
| | - Bei Li
- State Key Laboratory of Military Stomatology and National Clinical Research Center for Oral Diseases and Shaanxi International Joint Research Center for Oral Diseases, Center for Tissue Engineering, School of Stomatology, Fourth Military Medical University, Xi'an, Shaanxi, China
| | - Yan Jin
- State Key Laboratory of Military Stomatology and National Clinical Research Center for Oral Diseases and Shaanxi International Joint Research Center for Oral Diseases, Center for Tissue Engineering, School of Stomatology, Fourth Military Medical University, Xi'an, Shaanxi, China
- Xi'an Institute of Tissue Engineering and Regenerative Medicine, Xi'an, Shaanxi, China
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205
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Yu H, Habibi M, Motamedi K, Semirumi DT, Ghorbani A. Utilizing stem cells in reconstructive treatments for sports injuries: An innovative approach. Tissue Cell 2023; 83:102152. [PMID: 37451009 DOI: 10.1016/j.tice.2023.102152] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/27/2023] [Revised: 06/17/2023] [Accepted: 06/29/2023] [Indexed: 07/18/2023]
Abstract
Orthopedic tissue engineering is a rapidly evolving field that holds great promise for the reconstruction and natural repair of bone and joint tissues. Bone loss, fractures, and joint degeneration are common problems that can result from a variety of pathological conditions, and their restoration and replacement are essential not only for functional purposes but also for improving the quality of life for patients. However, current methods rely heavily on artificial materials that can potentially lead to further tissue damage, making tissue engineering a highly attractive alternative. This innovative approach involves the utilization of stem cells (SCs), which are seeded onto a scaffold to form a biological complex. Among these SCs, mesenchymal stem cells (MSCs) extracted from bone marrow and adipose tissue have shown immense potential for bone and joint tissue regeneration. The success of orthopedic tissue engineering is contingent on the careful selection of appropriate scaffolds and inducing molecules, which play a critical role in carrying and supporting cells and inducing their differentiation. This review article comprehensively analyzes the three vital aspects of orthopedic tissue engineering - SCs, scaffolds, and inducing molecules - in order to provide a deeper understanding of this emerging field and its potential for the future of orthopedic medicine.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hongying Yu
- Physical Education Department, Jingchu University of Technology, Jingmen 448000, Hubei, China.
| | - M Habibi
- Faculty of Architecture and Urbanism, UTE University, Calle Rumipamba S/N and Bourgeois, Quito, Ecuador; Department of Biomaterials, Saveetha Dental College and Hospital, Saveetha Institute of Medical and Technical Sciences, Chennai 600 077, India; Institute of Research and Development, Duy Tan University, Da Nang 550000, Viet Nam
| | - K Motamedi
- Student Research Committee, School of Medicine, Isfahan University of Medical Sciences, Isfahan, Iran
| | - D T Semirumi
- Department of Biomaterials, Islamic Azad University, Isfahan, Iran.
| | - A Ghorbani
- Biotechnology Department, Falavarjan Branch, Islamic Azad University, Isfahan, Iran
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206
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Al Turkestani N, Zhang Z, Nör JE. Semaphorin 4D Induces Vasculogenic Differentiation of Dental Pulp Stem Cells. Dent J (Basel) 2023; 11:160. [PMID: 37504226 PMCID: PMC10378119 DOI: 10.3390/dj11070160] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/20/2023] [Revised: 05/25/2023] [Accepted: 06/23/2023] [Indexed: 07/29/2023] Open
Abstract
This work aimed to evaluate the effect of Semaphorin 4D (SEMA4D) signaling through Plexin B1 on the vasculogenic differentiation of dental pulp stem cells. We assessed the protein expression of SEMA4D and Plexin B1 in dental pulp stem cells (DPSC) from permanent human teeth and stem cells from human exfoliated deciduous (SHED) teeth using Western blots. Their expression in human dental pulp tissues and DPSC-engineered dental pulps was determined using immunofluorescence. We then exposed dental pulp stem cells to recombinant human SEMA4D (rhSEMA4D), evaluated the expression of endothelial cell differentiation markers, and assessed the vasculogenic potential of rhSEMA4D using an in vitro sprouting assay. Lastly, Plexin B1 was silenced to ascertain its role in SEMA4D-mediated vasculogenic differentiation. We found that SEMA4D and Plexin B1 are expressed in DPSC, SHED, and human dental pulp tissues. rhSEMA4D (25-100 ng/mL) induced the expression of endothelial markers, i.e., vascular endothelial growth factor receptor (VEGFR)-2, cluster of differentiation (CD)-31, and tyrosine kinase with immunoglobulin-like and EGF-like domains (Tie)-2, in dental pulp stem cells and promoted capillary-like sprouting in vitro (p < 0.05). Furthermore, Plexin B1 silencing abrogated the vasculogenic differentiation of dental pulp stem cells and significantly inhibited capillary sprouting upon exposure to rhSEMA4D. Collectively, these data provide evidence that SEMA4D induces vasculogenic differentiation of dental pulp stem cells through Plexin B1 signaling.
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Affiliation(s)
- Najla Al Turkestani
- Department of Cariology, Restorative Sciences and Endodontics, University of Michigan School of Dentistry, Ann Arbor, MI 48109, USA; (N.A.T.); (Z.Z.)
- Department of Restorative and Aesthetic Dentistry, Faculty of Dentistry, King Abdulaziz University, Jeddah 21589, Saudi Arabia
| | - Zhaocheng Zhang
- Department of Cariology, Restorative Sciences and Endodontics, University of Michigan School of Dentistry, Ann Arbor, MI 48109, USA; (N.A.T.); (Z.Z.)
| | - Jacques Eduardo Nör
- Department of Cariology, Restorative Sciences and Endodontics, University of Michigan School of Dentistry, Ann Arbor, MI 48109, USA; (N.A.T.); (Z.Z.)
- Department of Biomedical Engineering, University of Michigan College of Engineering, Ann Arbor, MI 48109, USA
- Department of Otolaryngology, University of Michigan School of Medicine, Ann Arbor, MI 48109, USA
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207
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Huang W, Huang Q, He H, Huang F. PER2 Promotes Odontoblastic/Osteogenic Differentiation of Dental Pulp Stem Cells by Modulating Mitochondrial Metabolism. Int J Mol Sci 2023; 24:10661. [PMID: 37445839 PMCID: PMC10341716 DOI: 10.3390/ijms241310661] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/07/2023] [Revised: 06/21/2023] [Accepted: 06/22/2023] [Indexed: 07/15/2023] Open
Abstract
Human dental pulp stem cells (hDPSCs) possess remarkable self-renewal and multilineage differentiation ability. PER2, an essential circadian molecule, regulates various physiological processes. Evidence suggests that circadian rhythm and PER2 participate in physiological functions of DPSCs. However, the influence of PER2 on DPSCs' differentiation remains largely unknown. This study aimed to explore the effect and potential mechanism of PER2 on hDPSCs' differentiation. Dental pulp tissues were extracted, and hDPSCs were cultured for in vitro and in vivo experiments. Dorsal subcutaneous transplantation was performed in 6-week-old male BALB/c mice. The hDPSCs' odontoblastic/osteogenic differentiation was assessed, and mitochondrial metabolism was evaluated. The results indicated PER2 expression increasing during hDPSCs' odontoblastic/osteogenic differentiation. Gain- and loss-of function studies confirmed that PER2 promoted alkaline phosphatase (ALP) activity, mineralized nodules deposition, mRNA expression of DSPP, DMP1, COL1A1 and protein expression of DSPP and DMP1 in hDPSCs. Furthermore, PER2 enhanced collagen deposition, osteodentine-like tissue formation and DSPP expression in vivo. Mitochondrial metabolic evaluation aimed to investigate the mechanism of PER2-mediated hDPSC odontoblastic/osteogenic differentiation, which showed that PER2 increased ATP synthesis, elevated mitochondrial membrane potential and changed expression of proteins regulating mitochondrial dynamics. This study demonstrated that PER2 promoted hDPSCs' odontoblastic/osteogenic differentiation, which involved mitochondrial metabolic change.
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Affiliation(s)
- Wushuang Huang
- Hospital of Stomatology, Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou 510055, China; (W.H.)
- Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Stomatology, Guangzhou 510055, China
- Institute of Stomatology, Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou 510055, China
| | - Qi Huang
- Hospital of Stomatology, Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou 510055, China; (W.H.)
- Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Stomatology, Guangzhou 510055, China
- Institute of Stomatology, Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou 510055, China
| | - Hongwen He
- Hospital of Stomatology, Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou 510055, China; (W.H.)
- Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Stomatology, Guangzhou 510055, China
- Institute of Stomatology, Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou 510055, China
| | - Fang Huang
- Hospital of Stomatology, Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou 510055, China; (W.H.)
- Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Stomatology, Guangzhou 510055, China
- Institute of Stomatology, Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou 510055, China
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208
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Candelise N, Santilli F, Fabrizi J, Caissutti D, Spinello Z, Moliterni C, Lancia L, Delle Monache S, Mattei V, Misasi R. The Importance of Stem Cells Isolated from Human Dental Pulp and Exfoliated Deciduous Teeth as Therapeutic Approach in Nervous System Pathologies. Cells 2023; 12:1686. [PMID: 37443720 PMCID: PMC10340170 DOI: 10.3390/cells12131686] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/23/2023] [Revised: 06/19/2023] [Accepted: 06/21/2023] [Indexed: 07/15/2023] Open
Abstract
Despite decades of research, no therapies are available to halt or slow down the course of neuro-degenerative disorders. Most of the drugs developed to fight neurodegeneration are aimed to alleviate symptoms, but none has proven adequate in altering the course of the pathologies. Cell therapy has emerged as an intriguing alternative to the classical pharmacological approach. Cell therapy consists of the transplantation of stem cells that can be obtained from various embryonal and adult tissues. Whereas the former holds notable ethical issue, adult somatic stem cells can be obtained without major concerns. However, most adult stem cells, such as those derived from the bone marrow, are committed toward the mesodermal lineage, and hence need to be reprogrammed to induce the differentiation into the neurons. The discovery of neural crest stem cells in the dental pulp, both in adults' molar and in baby teeth (dental pulp stem cells and stem cells from human exfoliated deciduous teeth, respectively) prompted researchers to investigate their utility as therapy in nervous system disorders. In this review, we recapitulate the advancements on the application of these stem cells in preclinical models of neurodegenerative diseases, highlighting differences and analogies in their maintenance, differentiation, and potential clinical application.
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Affiliation(s)
- Niccolò Candelise
- National Center for Drug Research and Evaluation, Istituto Superiore di Sanità, 00161 Rome, Italy
| | - Francesca Santilli
- Biomedicine and Advanced Technologies Rieti Center, Sabina Universitas, 02100 Rieti, Italy; (F.S.); (J.F.); (V.M.)
| | - Jessica Fabrizi
- Biomedicine and Advanced Technologies Rieti Center, Sabina Universitas, 02100 Rieti, Italy; (F.S.); (J.F.); (V.M.)
- Department Experimental Medicine, “Sapienza” University of Rome, 00161 Rome, Italy; (D.C.); (Z.S.); (R.M.)
| | - Daniela Caissutti
- Department Experimental Medicine, “Sapienza” University of Rome, 00161 Rome, Italy; (D.C.); (Z.S.); (R.M.)
| | - Zaira Spinello
- Department Experimental Medicine, “Sapienza” University of Rome, 00161 Rome, Italy; (D.C.); (Z.S.); (R.M.)
| | - Camilla Moliterni
- Department of Neuroscience, Mental Health and Sensory Organs (NESMOS), “Sapienza” University of Rome, 00189 Rome, Italy;
| | - Loreto Lancia
- Department of Biotechnological and Applied Clinical Sciences, University of L’Aquila, 67100 L’Aquila, Italy; (L.L.); (S.D.M.)
| | - Simona Delle Monache
- Department of Biotechnological and Applied Clinical Sciences, University of L’Aquila, 67100 L’Aquila, Italy; (L.L.); (S.D.M.)
| | - Vincenzo Mattei
- Biomedicine and Advanced Technologies Rieti Center, Sabina Universitas, 02100 Rieti, Italy; (F.S.); (J.F.); (V.M.)
| | - Roberta Misasi
- Department Experimental Medicine, “Sapienza” University of Rome, 00161 Rome, Italy; (D.C.); (Z.S.); (R.M.)
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209
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Puricelli C, Gigliotti CL, Stoppa I, Sacchetti S, Pantham D, Scomparin A, Rolla R, Pizzimenti S, Dianzani U, Boggio E, Sutti S. Use of Poly Lactic-co-glycolic Acid Nano and Micro Particles in the Delivery of Drugs Modulating Different Phases of Inflammation. Pharmaceutics 2023; 15:1772. [PMID: 37376219 DOI: 10.3390/pharmaceutics15061772] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 9.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/29/2023] [Revised: 06/12/2023] [Accepted: 06/16/2023] [Indexed: 06/29/2023] Open
Abstract
Chronic inflammation contributes to the pathogenesis of many diseases, including apparently unrelated conditions such as metabolic disorders, cardiovascular diseases, neurodegenerative diseases, osteoporosis, and tumors, but the use of conventional anti-inflammatory drugs to treat these diseases is generally not very effective given their adverse effects. In addition, some alternative anti-inflammatory medications, such as many natural compounds, have scarce solubility and stability, which are associated with low bioavailability. Therefore, encapsulation within nanoparticles (NPs) may represent an effective strategy to enhance the pharmacological properties of these bioactive molecules, and poly lactic-co-glycolic acid (PLGA) NPs have been widely used because of their high biocompatibility and biodegradability and possibility to finely tune erosion time, hydrophilic/hydrophobic nature, and mechanical properties by acting on the polymer's composition and preparation technique. Many studies have been focused on the use of PLGA-NPs to deliver immunosuppressive treatments for autoimmune and allergic diseases or to elicit protective immune responses, such as in vaccination and cancer immunotherapy. By contrast, this review is focused on the use of PLGA NPs in preclinical in vivo models of other diseases in which a key role is played by chronic inflammation or unbalance between the protective and reparative phases of inflammation, with a particular focus on intestinal bowel disease; cardiovascular, neurodegenerative, osteoarticular, and ocular diseases; and wound healing.
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Affiliation(s)
- Chiara Puricelli
- Department of Health Sciences, Università del Piemonte Orientale, Via Solaroli 17, 28100 Novara, Italy
- Maggiore della Carità University Hospital, Corso Mazzini 18, 28100 Novara, Italy
| | - Casimiro Luca Gigliotti
- Department of Health Sciences, Università del Piemonte Orientale, Via Solaroli 17, 28100 Novara, Italy
- NOVAICOS s.r.l.s, Via Amico Canobio 4/6, 28100 Novara, Italy
| | - Ian Stoppa
- Department of Health Sciences, Università del Piemonte Orientale, Via Solaroli 17, 28100 Novara, Italy
| | - Sara Sacchetti
- Department of Health Sciences, Università del Piemonte Orientale, Via Solaroli 17, 28100 Novara, Italy
- Maggiore della Carità University Hospital, Corso Mazzini 18, 28100 Novara, Italy
| | - Deepika Pantham
- Department of Health Sciences, Università del Piemonte Orientale, Via Solaroli 17, 28100 Novara, Italy
- NOVAICOS s.r.l.s, Via Amico Canobio 4/6, 28100 Novara, Italy
| | - Anna Scomparin
- Department of Drug Science and Technology, University of Torino, 10125 Turin, Italy
- Department of Physiology and Pharmacology, Sackler Faculty of Medicine, Tel Aviv University, Tel Aviv 69978, Israel
| | - Roberta Rolla
- Department of Health Sciences, Università del Piemonte Orientale, Via Solaroli 17, 28100 Novara, Italy
- Maggiore della Carità University Hospital, Corso Mazzini 18, 28100 Novara, Italy
| | - Stefania Pizzimenti
- Department of Clinical and Biological Science, University of Turin, Corso Raffaello 30, 10125 Torino, Italy
| | - Umberto Dianzani
- Department of Health Sciences, Università del Piemonte Orientale, Via Solaroli 17, 28100 Novara, Italy
- Maggiore della Carità University Hospital, Corso Mazzini 18, 28100 Novara, Italy
| | - Elena Boggio
- Department of Health Sciences, Università del Piemonte Orientale, Via Solaroli 17, 28100 Novara, Italy
- NOVAICOS s.r.l.s, Via Amico Canobio 4/6, 28100 Novara, Italy
| | - Salvatore Sutti
- Department of Health Sciences, Università del Piemonte Orientale, Via Solaroli 17, 28100 Novara, Italy
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210
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Russo E, Corrao S, Di Gaudio F, Alberti G, Caprnda M, Kubatka P, Kruzliak P, Miceli V, Conaldi PG, Borlongan CV, La Rocca G. Facing the Challenges in the COVID-19 Pandemic Era: From Standard Treatments to the Umbilical Cord-Derived Mesenchymal Stromal Cells as a New Therapeutic Strategy. Cells 2023; 12:1664. [PMID: 37371134 DOI: 10.3390/cells12121664] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/02/2023] [Revised: 06/10/2023] [Accepted: 06/15/2023] [Indexed: 06/29/2023] Open
Abstract
Coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19), the pandemic caused by severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 (SARS-CoV-2), which counts more than 650 million cases and more than 6.6 million of deaths worldwide, affects the respiratory system with typical symptoms such as fever, cough, sore throat, acute respiratory distress syndrome (ARDS), and fatigue. Other nonpulmonary manifestations are related with abnormal inflammatory response, the "cytokine storm", that could lead to a multiorgan disease and to death. Evolution of effective vaccines against SARS-CoV-2 provided multiple options to prevent the infection, but the treatment of the severe forms remains difficult to manage. The cytokine storm is usually counteracted with standard medical care and anti-inflammatory drugs, but researchers moved forward their studies on new strategies based on cell therapy approaches. The perinatal tissues, such as placental membranes, amniotic fluid, and umbilical cord derivatives, are enriched in mesenchymal stromal cells (MSCs) that exert a well-known anti-inflammatory role, immune response modulation, and tissue repair. In this review, we focused on umbilical-cord-derived MSCs (UC-MSCs) used in in vitro and in vivo studies in order to evaluate the weakening of the severe symptoms, and on recent clinical trials from different databases, supporting the favorable potential of UC-MSCs as therapeutic strategy.
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Affiliation(s)
- Eleonora Russo
- Section of Histology and Embryology, Department of Biomedicine, Neurosciences and Advanced Diagnostics, University of Palermo, 90127 Palermo, Italy
| | - Simona Corrao
- Research Department, IRCCS ISMETT (Istituto Mediterraneo per per i Trapianti e Terapie Ad Alta Specializzazione), 90127 Palermo, Italy
| | | | - Giusi Alberti
- Section of Histology and Embryology, Department of Biomedicine, Neurosciences and Advanced Diagnostics, University of Palermo, 90127 Palermo, Italy
| | - Martin Caprnda
- 1st Department of Internal Medicine, Faculty of Medicine, Comenius University, University Hospital Bratislava, 81499 Bratislava, Slovakia
| | - Peter Kubatka
- Department of Medical Biology, Jessenius Faculty of Medicine, Comenius University in Bratislava, 03649 Martin, Slovakia
| | - Peter Kruzliak
- Research and Development Services, Pradlacka 18, 61300 Brno, Czech Republic
| | - Vitale Miceli
- Research Department, IRCCS ISMETT (Istituto Mediterraneo per per i Trapianti e Terapie Ad Alta Specializzazione), 90127 Palermo, Italy
| | - Pier Giulio Conaldi
- Research Department, IRCCS ISMETT (Istituto Mediterraneo per per i Trapianti e Terapie Ad Alta Specializzazione), 90127 Palermo, Italy
| | - Cesario Venturina Borlongan
- Department of Neurosurgery and Brain Repair, Morsani College of Medicine, University of South Florida, Tampa, FL 33612, USA
| | - Giampiero La Rocca
- Section of Histology and Embryology, Department of Biomedicine, Neurosciences and Advanced Diagnostics, University of Palermo, 90127 Palermo, Italy
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211
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EzEldeen M, Pedano De Piero MNS, Xu L, Driesen RB, Wyatt J, Van Gorp G, Meschi N, Van Meerbeek B, Lambrichts I, Jacobs R. Multimodal Imaging of Dental Pulp Healing Patterns following Tooth Autotransplantation And Regenerative Endodontic Treatment. J Endod 2023:S0099-2399(23)00324-2. [PMID: 37315781 DOI: 10.1016/j.joen.2023.06.003] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/21/2023] [Revised: 05/30/2023] [Accepted: 06/05/2023] [Indexed: 06/16/2023]
Abstract
INTRODUCTION Understanding the healing process of dental pulp after tooth autotransplantation (TAT) and regenerative endodontic treatment (RET) of immature teeth is important both clinically and scientifically. This study aimed to characterize the pattern of dental pulp healing in human teeth that underwent TAT and RET using state-of-the-art imaging techniques. MATERIALS AND METHODS This study examined four human teeth, two premolars that underwent TAT and two central incisors that received RET. The premolars were extracted after one year (case 1) and two years (case 2) due to ankylosis, while the central incisors were extracted after three years (cases 3 and 4) for orthodontic reasons. Nanofocus x-ray computed tomography was used to image the samples before being processed for histological and immunohistochemical analysis. Laser scanning confocal second harmonic generation imaging (SHG) was used to examine the patterns of collagen deposition. A maturity-matched premolar was included as a negative control for the histological and SHG analysis. RESULTS Analysis of the four cases revealed different patterns of dental pulp healing. Similarities were observed in the progressive obliteration of the root canal space. However, a striking loss of typical pulpal architecture was observed in the TAT cases, while a pulp-like tissue was observed in one of the RET cases. Odontoblast-like cells were observed in cases 1 and 3. CONCLUSION This study provided insights into the patterns of dental pulp healing after TAT and RET. The SHG imaging sheds light on the patterns of collagen deposition during reparative dentin formation.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mostafa EzEldeen
- OMFS IMPATH Research Group, Faculty of Medicine, Department of Imaging and Pathology, KU Leuven and Oral and Maxillofacial Surgery, University Hospitals Leuven, Kapucijnenvoer 33, 3000 Leuven, Belgium; KU Leuven (University of Leuven), Department of Oral Health Sciences, KU Leuven and Paediatric Dentistry and Special Dental Care, University Hospitals Leuven, Kapucijnenvoer 33, 3000 Leuven, Belgium.
| | - Mariano N Simon Pedano De Piero
- KU Leuven (University of Leuven), Department of Oral Health Sciences, Endodontology, University Hospitals Leuven, KU Leuven, Leuven, Belgium
| | - Lianyi Xu
- OMFS IMPATH Research Group, Faculty of Medicine, Department of Imaging and Pathology, KU Leuven and Oral and Maxillofacial Surgery, University Hospitals Leuven, Kapucijnenvoer 33, 3000 Leuven, Belgium; Department of Stomatology, Tongji Hospital, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, Hubei, 430030, China
| | - Ronald B Driesen
- Biomedical Research Institute, Hasselt University, Campus Diepenbeek, Agoralaan Building C, B-3590 Diepenbeek, Belgium
| | - Jan Wyatt
- KU Leuven (University of Leuven), Department of Oral Health Sciences, KU Leuven and Paediatric Dentistry and Special Dental Care, University Hospitals Leuven, Kapucijnenvoer 33, 3000 Leuven, Belgium
| | - Gertrude Van Gorp
- KU Leuven (University of Leuven), Department of Oral Health Sciences, KU Leuven and Paediatric Dentistry and Special Dental Care, University Hospitals Leuven, Kapucijnenvoer 33, 3000 Leuven, Belgium
| | - Nastaran Meschi
- Section of Endodontology, Department of Oral Health Sciences, Ghent University, C. Heymanslaan 10/P8, 9000 Ghent, Belgium
| | - Bart Van Meerbeek
- KU Leuven (University of Leuven), Department of Oral Health Sciences, BIOMAT - Biomaterials Research group & UZ Leuven, University Hospitals Leuven, Dentistry, Kapucijnenvoer 33, 3000 Leuven, Belgium
| | - Ivo Lambrichts
- Biomedical Research Institute, Hasselt University, Campus Diepenbeek, Agoralaan Building C, B-3590 Diepenbeek, Belgium
| | - Reinhilde Jacobs
- OMFS IMPATH Research Group, Faculty of Medicine, Department of Imaging and Pathology, KU Leuven and Oral and Maxillofacial Surgery, University Hospitals Leuven, Kapucijnenvoer 33, 3000 Leuven, Belgium; Department of Dental Medicine, Karolinska Institute, Stockholm, Sweden
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212
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Wang Z, Huang M, Zhang Y, Jiang X, Xu L. Comparison of Biological Properties and Clinical Application of Mesenchymal Stem Cells from the Mesoderm and Ectoderm. Stem Cells Int 2023; 2023:4547875. [PMID: 37333060 PMCID: PMC10276766 DOI: 10.1155/2023/4547875] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/10/2022] [Revised: 05/04/2023] [Accepted: 05/23/2023] [Indexed: 06/20/2023] Open
Abstract
Since the discovery of mesenchymal stem cells (MSCs) in the 1970s, they have been widely used in the treatment of a variety of diseases because of their wide sources, strong differentiation potential, rapid expansion in vitro, low immunogenicity, and so on. At present, most of the related research is on mesoderm-derived MSCs (M-MSCs) such as bone marrow MSCs and adipose-derived MSCs. As a type of MSC, ectoderm-derived MSCs (E-MSCs) have a stronger potential for self-renewal, multidirectional differentiation, and immunomodulation and have more advantages than M-MSCs in some specific conditions. This paper analyzes the relevant research development of E-MSCs compared with that of M-MSCs; summarizes the extraction, discrimination and culture, biological characteristics, and clinical application of E-MSCs; and discusses the application prospects of E-MSCs. This summary provides a theoretical basis for the better application of MSCs from both ectoderm and mesoderm in the future.
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Affiliation(s)
- Zhenning Wang
- Medical School of Chinese PLA, Beijing 100853, China
- Department of Orthodontics, The First Medical Center, Chinese PLA General Hospital, Beijing 100853, China
| | - Meng Huang
- Medical School of Chinese PLA, Beijing 100853, China
- Department of Orthodontics, The First Medical Center, Chinese PLA General Hospital, Beijing 100853, China
| | - Yu Zhang
- Medical School of Chinese PLA, Beijing 100853, China
- Department of Orthodontics, The First Medical Center, Chinese PLA General Hospital, Beijing 100853, China
| | - Xiaoxia Jiang
- Beijing Institute of Basic Medical Sciences, Beijing 100850, China
| | - Lulu Xu
- Department of Orthodontics, The First Medical Center, Chinese PLA General Hospital, Beijing 100853, China
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213
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Ariano A, Posa F, Storlino G, Mori G. Molecules Inducing Dental Stem Cells Differentiation and Bone Regeneration: State of the Art. Int J Mol Sci 2023; 24:9897. [PMID: 37373044 DOI: 10.3390/ijms24129897] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/26/2023] [Revised: 05/30/2023] [Accepted: 06/05/2023] [Indexed: 06/29/2023] Open
Abstract
Teeth include mesenchymal stem cells (MSCs), which are multipotent cells that promote tooth growth and repair. Dental tissues, specifically the dental pulp and the dental bud, constitute a relevant source of multipotent stem cells, known as dental-derived stem cells (d-DSCs): dental pulp stem cells (DPSCs) and dental bud stem cells (DBSCs). Cell treatment with bone-associated factors and stimulation with small molecule compounds are, among the available methods, the ones who show excellent advantages promoting stem cell differentiation and osteogenesis. Recently, attention has been paid to studies on natural and non-natural compounds. Many fruits, vegetables, and some drugs contain molecules that can enhance MSC osteogenic differentiation and therefore bone formation. The purpose of this review is to examine research work over the past 10 years that has investigated two different types of MSCs from dental tissues that are attractive targets for bone tissue engineering: DPSCs and DBSCs. The reconstruction of bone defects, in fact, is still a challenge and therefore more research is needed; the articles reviewed are meant to identify compounds useful to stimulate d-DSC proliferation and osteogenic differentiation. We only consider the results of the research which is encouraging, assuming that the mentioned compounds are of some importance for bone regeneration.
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Affiliation(s)
- Anastasia Ariano
- Department of Clinical and Experimental Medicine, University of Foggia, Viale Pinto 1, 71122 Foggia, Italy
| | - Francesca Posa
- Department of Clinical and Experimental Medicine, University of Foggia, Viale Pinto 1, 71122 Foggia, Italy
| | - Giuseppina Storlino
- Department of Clinical and Experimental Medicine, University of Foggia, Viale Pinto 1, 71122 Foggia, Italy
| | - Giorgio Mori
- Department of Clinical and Experimental Medicine, University of Foggia, Viale Pinto 1, 71122 Foggia, Italy
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214
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Das M, Sloan AJ. Stem cell sources from human biological waste material: a role for the umbilical cord and dental pulp stem cells for regenerative medicine. Hum Cell 2023:10.1007/s13577-023-00922-6. [PMID: 37273175 DOI: 10.1007/s13577-023-00922-6] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/02/2023] [Accepted: 05/18/2023] [Indexed: 06/06/2023]
Abstract
Stem cell research with biological waste material is an area that holds promise to revolutionize treatment modalities and clinical practice. The interest in surgical remnants is increasing with time as research on human embryonic stem cells remains controversial due to legal and ethical issues. Perhaps, these restrictions are the motivation for the use of alternative mesenchymal stem cell (MSC) sources in the regenerative field. Stem cells (SCs) of Umbilical Cord (UC) and Dental Pulp (DP) have almost similar biological characteristics to other MSCs and can differentiate into a number of cell lineages with enormous potential future prospects. A concise critical observation of UC-MSCs and DP-MSCs is presented here reviewing articles from the last two decades along with other stem cell sources from different biological waste materials.
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Affiliation(s)
- Monalisa Das
- Department of Pedodontics & Preventive Dentistry, Dr. R. Ahmed Dental College and Hospital, Kolkata, India.
- , No. 2 Durganagar, Sripally, Chakdaha, Nadia, West Bengal, 741222, India.
| | - Alastair J Sloan
- Melbourne Dental School, Level 4, 720 Swanston Street, Melbourne, VIC, 3010, Australia
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215
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Wu Y, Li B, Yu D, Zhou Z, Shen M, Jiang F. CBX7 Rejuvenates Late Passage Dental Pulp Stem Cells by Maintaining Stemness and Pro-angiogenic Ability. Tissue Eng Regen Med 2023; 20:473-488. [PMID: 36920677 PMCID: PMC10219923 DOI: 10.1007/s13770-023-00521-4] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/13/2022] [Revised: 01/08/2023] [Accepted: 01/13/2023] [Indexed: 03/16/2023] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Ever-growing tissue regeneration causes pressing need for large population of stem cells. However, extensive cell expansion eventually leads to impaired regenerative potentials. In this study, chromobox protein homolog 7 (CBX7) was overexpressed to rejuvenate late passage dental pulp stem cells (DPSCs-P9). METHODS The recruitment of copper ions (Cu2+)-activated hypoxia-inducible factor-1α (HIF-1α) to the CBX7 gene promoter was confirmed by chromatin immunoprecipitation assay. Functions subsequent to Cu2+-induced or recombinant overexpression of CBX7 on proliferation, multipotency, odontoblastic differentiation and angiogenesis were investigated in vitro, while murine subcutaneous transplantation model was used to further detect the effects of Cu2+-induced CBX7 overexpression in vivo. RESULTS Our data displayed that CBX7 overexpression maintain proliferation and multipotency of DPSCs-P9 almost as strong as those of DPSCs-P3. Both gene level of odontoblast-lineage markers and calcium precipitation were nearly the same between CBX7 overexpressed DPSCs-P9 and normal DPSCs-P3. Moreover, we also found upregulated expression of vascular endothelial growth factor in DPSCs-P9 with CBX7 overexpression, which increased the number of capillary-like structures and migrating co-cultured human umbilical vein endothelial cells as well. These findings indicate CBX7 as an effective factor to rejuvenate late passage stem cells insusceptible to cell expansion. Cu2+ has been proved to achieve CBX7 overexpression in DPSCs through the initiation of HIF-1α-CBX7 cascade. Under Cu2+ stimulation since P3, DPSCs-P9 exhibited ameliorated regenerative potential both in vitro and in vivo. CONCLUSION Long-term stimulation of Cu2+ to overexpress CBX7 could be a new strategy to manufacture large population of self-renewing stem cells.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yu Wu
- Jiangsu Key Laboratory of Oral Diseases, Jiangsu Province Engineering Research Center of Stomatological Translational Medicine, Nanjing Medical University, No. 140, Hanzhong Road, Nanjing, 210029, China
| | - Bing Li
- Department of Oral Maxillofacial Surgery, Affiliated Hospital of Stomatology, Nanjing Medical University, No. 1, Shanghai Road, Nanjing, 210029, China
| | - Dandan Yu
- Department of General Dentistry, Affiliated Hospital of Stomatology, Nanjing Medical University, No. 1, Shanghai Road, Nanjing, 210029, China
| | - Zhixuan Zhou
- Jiangsu Key Laboratory of Oral Diseases, Jiangsu Province Engineering Research Center of Stomatological Translational Medicine, Nanjing Medical University, No. 140, Hanzhong Road, Nanjing, 210029, China.
- Department of General Dentistry, Affiliated Hospital of Stomatology, Nanjing Medical University, No. 1, Shanghai Road, Nanjing, 210029, China.
| | - Ming Shen
- Jiangsu Key Laboratory of Oral Diseases, Jiangsu Province Engineering Research Center of Stomatological Translational Medicine, Nanjing Medical University, No. 140, Hanzhong Road, Nanjing, 210029, China.
- Department of General Dentistry, Affiliated Hospital of Stomatology, Nanjing Medical University, No. 1, Shanghai Road, Nanjing, 210029, China.
| | - Fei Jiang
- Jiangsu Key Laboratory of Oral Diseases, Jiangsu Province Engineering Research Center of Stomatological Translational Medicine, Nanjing Medical University, No. 140, Hanzhong Road, Nanjing, 210029, China.
- Department of General Dentistry, Affiliated Hospital of Stomatology, Nanjing Medical University, No. 1, Shanghai Road, Nanjing, 210029, China.
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216
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Piperigkou Z, Bainantzou D, Makri N, Papachristou E, Mantsou A, Choli-Papadopoulou T, Theocharis AD, Karamanos NK. Enhancement of mesenchymal stem cells' chondrogenic potential by type II collagen-based bioscaffolds. Mol Biol Rep 2023; 50:5125-5135. [PMID: 37118382 PMCID: PMC10209287 DOI: 10.1007/s11033-023-08461-x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/13/2023] [Accepted: 04/12/2023] [Indexed: 04/30/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Osteoarthritis (OA) is a common degenerative chronic disease accounting for physical pain, tissue stiffness and mobility restriction. Current therapeutic approaches fail to prevent the progression of the disease considering the limited knowledge on OA pathobiology. During OA progression, the extracellular matrix (ECM) of the cartilage is aberrantly remodeled by chondrocytes. Chondrocytes, being the main cell population of the cartilage, participate in cartilage regeneration process. To this end, modern tissue engineering strategies involve the recruitment of mesenchymal stem cells (MSCs) due to their regenerative capacity as to promote chondrocyte self-regeneration. METHODS AND RESULTS In the present study, we evaluated the role of type II collagen, as the main matrix macromolecule in the cartilage matrix, to promote chondrogenic differentiation in two MSC in vitro culture systems. The chondrogenic differentiation of human Wharton's jelly- and dental pulp-derived MSCs was investigated over a 24-day culture period on type II collagen coating to improve the binding affinity of MSCs. Functional assays, demonstrated that type II collagen promoted chondrogenic differentiation in both MSCs tested, which was confirmed through gene and protein analysis of major chondrogenic markers. CONCLUSIONS Our data support that type II collagen contributes as a natural bioscaffold enhancing chondrogenesis in both MSC models, thus enhancing the commitment of MSC-based therapeutic approaches in regenerative medicine to target OA and bring therapy closer to the clinical use.
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Affiliation(s)
- Zoi Piperigkou
- Biochemistry, Biochemical Analysis and Matrix Pathobiology Research Group, Laboratory of Biochemistry, Department of Chemistry, University of Patras, Patras, Greece
- Foundation for Research and Technology-Hellas (FORTH)/Institute of Chemical Engineering Sciences (ICE-HT), Patras, Greece
| | - Dimitra Bainantzou
- Biochemistry, Biochemical Analysis and Matrix Pathobiology Research Group, Laboratory of Biochemistry, Department of Chemistry, University of Patras, Patras, Greece
| | - Nadia Makri
- Biochemistry, Biochemical Analysis and Matrix Pathobiology Research Group, Laboratory of Biochemistry, Department of Chemistry, University of Patras, Patras, Greece
| | - Eleni Papachristou
- Laboratory of Biochemistry, Department of Chemistry, Aristotle University of Thessaloniki, Thessaloniki, Greece
| | - Aglaia Mantsou
- Laboratory of Biochemistry, Department of Chemistry, Aristotle University of Thessaloniki, Thessaloniki, Greece
| | - Theodora Choli-Papadopoulou
- Laboratory of Biochemistry, Department of Chemistry, Aristotle University of Thessaloniki, Thessaloniki, Greece
| | - Achilleas D Theocharis
- Biochemistry, Biochemical Analysis and Matrix Pathobiology Research Group, Laboratory of Biochemistry, Department of Chemistry, University of Patras, Patras, Greece.
| | - Nikos K Karamanos
- Biochemistry, Biochemical Analysis and Matrix Pathobiology Research Group, Laboratory of Biochemistry, Department of Chemistry, University of Patras, Patras, Greece.
- Foundation for Research and Technology-Hellas (FORTH)/Institute of Chemical Engineering Sciences (ICE-HT), Patras, Greece.
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217
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Liu Y, Zhang X, Xiao C, Liu B. Engineered hydrogels for peripheral nerve repair. Mater Today Bio 2023; 20:100668. [PMID: 37273791 PMCID: PMC10232914 DOI: 10.1016/j.mtbio.2023.100668] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 10.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/06/2023] [Revised: 05/06/2023] [Accepted: 05/16/2023] [Indexed: 06/06/2023] Open
Abstract
Peripheral nerve injury (PNI) is a complex disease that often appears in young adults. It is characterized by a high incidence, limited treatment options, and poor clinical outcomes. This disease not only causes dysfunction and psychological disorders in patients but also brings a heavy burden to the society. Currently, autologous nerve grafting is the gold standard in clinical treatment, but complications, such as the limited source of donor tissue and scar tissue formation, often further limit the therapeutic effect. Recently, a growing number of studies have used tissue-engineered materials to create a natural microenvironment similar to the nervous system and thus promote the regeneration of neural tissue and the recovery of impaired neural function with promising results. Hydrogels are often used as materials for the culture and differentiation of neurogenic cells due to their unique physical and chemical properties. Hydrogels can provide three-dimensional hydration networks that can be integrated into a variety of sizes and shapes to suit the morphology of neural tissues. In this review, we discuss the recent advances of engineered hydrogels for peripheral nerve repair and analyze the role of several different therapeutic strategies of hydrogels in PNI through the application characteristics of hydrogels in nerve tissue engineering (NTE). Furthermore, the prospects and challenges of the application of hydrogels in the treatment of PNI are also discussed.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yao Liu
- Hand and Foot Surgery Department, First Hospital of Jilin University, Xinmin Street, Changchun, 130061, PR China
| | - Xiaonong Zhang
- Key Laboratory of Polymer Ecomaterials, Jilin Biomedical Polymers Engineering Laboratory, Changchun Institute of Applied Chemistry, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Changchun, 130022, PR China
| | - Chunsheng Xiao
- Key Laboratory of Polymer Ecomaterials, Jilin Biomedical Polymers Engineering Laboratory, Changchun Institute of Applied Chemistry, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Changchun, 130022, PR China
| | - Bin Liu
- Hand and Foot Surgery Department, First Hospital of Jilin University, Xinmin Street, Changchun, 130061, PR China
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218
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Li Y, Chen Y, Liu B, Nie Q, Li L, Duan X, Wu L, Chen G. Deciphering the Heterogeneity Landscape of Mesenchymal Stem/Stromal Cell-Derived Extracellular Vesicles for Precise Selection in Translational Medicine. Adv Healthc Mater 2023; 12:e2202453. [PMID: 36745771 PMCID: PMC11468895 DOI: 10.1002/adhm.202202453] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/26/2022] [Revised: 02/01/2023] [Indexed: 02/08/2023]
Abstract
Mesenchymal stem/stromal cell-derived extracellular vesicles (MSC-EVs) have been considered promising therapeutics for disease treatments. However, MSC-EVs harvested from different tissues present unique biological features reflective of their origins. The heterogeneity of MSC-EVs constitutes an important barrier to their precise application in clinical translation that may probably lead to uncertain therapeutic effects. To give hints for future clinical translation, five MSCs are employed, whose derived EVs are most intensively utilized, namely bone marrow mesenchymal stem/stromal cells (BMMSCs), umbilical cord stem/stromal cells (UCSCs), adipose-derived stem/stromal cells (ASCs), dermal stem/stromal cells (DSCs) and dental pulp stem/stromal cells (DPSCs) and the heterogeneity landscape of the corresponding MSC-EVs are documented. Overall, the basic parameters, stability, and biosafety of different MSC-EVs are indiscriminate. Strikingly, UCSC-EVs exhibit distinguishing productivity. UCSC-EVs as well as DPSC-EVs present better drug loading/delivery capacity. In addition, the heterogeneity of different MSC-EVs in cargo diversity, cellular affinity, organ biodistribution, and therapeutic effects may cue the rational selection in different disease treatments. Through a combined assessment, a rational strategy is combined for selecting MSC-EVs in future clinics. Offering a panoramic view of MSC-EVs harvested from different tissues, the current study may provide guidelines for the precise selection of MSC-EVs in next-generation therapeutics.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ye Li
- The State Key Laboratory Breeding Base of Basic Science of Stomatology (Hubei‐MOST) & Key Laboratory of Oral Biomedicine Ministry of EducationSchool and Hospital of StomatologyWuhan UniversityWuhan430079P. R. China
| | - Yin‐Hsueh Chen
- The State Key Laboratory Breeding Base of Basic Science of Stomatology (Hubei‐MOST) & Key Laboratory of Oral Biomedicine Ministry of EducationSchool and Hospital of StomatologyWuhan UniversityWuhan430079P. R. China
- Department of Oral and Maxillofacial SurgerySchool and Hospital of StomatologyWuhan UniversityWuhan430079P. R. China
| | - Bing‐Yun Liu
- The State Key Laboratory Breeding Base of Basic Science of Stomatology (Hubei‐MOST) & Key Laboratory of Oral Biomedicine Ministry of EducationSchool and Hospital of StomatologyWuhan UniversityWuhan430079P. R. China
- Department of Oral and Maxillofacial SurgerySchool and Hospital of StomatologyWuhan UniversityWuhan430079P. R. China
| | - Qing Nie
- The State Key Laboratory Breeding Base of Basic Science of Stomatology (Hubei‐MOST) & Key Laboratory of Oral Biomedicine Ministry of EducationSchool and Hospital of StomatologyWuhan UniversityWuhan430079P. R. China
- Department of Oral and Maxillofacial SurgerySchool and Hospital of StomatologyWuhan UniversityWuhan430079P. R. China
| | - Li‐Jun Li
- The State Key Laboratory Breeding Base of Basic Science of Stomatology (Hubei‐MOST) & Key Laboratory of Oral Biomedicine Ministry of EducationSchool and Hospital of StomatologyWuhan UniversityWuhan430079P. R. China
- Department of Oral and Maxillofacial SurgerySchool and Hospital of StomatologyWuhan UniversityWuhan430079P. R. China
| | - Xu Duan
- The State Key Laboratory Breeding Base of Basic Science of Stomatology (Hubei‐MOST) & Key Laboratory of Oral Biomedicine Ministry of EducationSchool and Hospital of StomatologyWuhan UniversityWuhan430079P. R. China
- Department of Oral and Maxillofacial SurgerySchool and Hospital of StomatologyWuhan UniversityWuhan430079P. R. China
| | - Lian‐Zhi Wu
- Department of ObstetricsRenmin Hospital of Wuhan UniversityWuhan430060P. R. China
| | - Gang Chen
- The State Key Laboratory Breeding Base of Basic Science of Stomatology (Hubei‐MOST) & Key Laboratory of Oral Biomedicine Ministry of EducationSchool and Hospital of StomatologyWuhan UniversityWuhan430079P. R. China
- Department of Oral and Maxillofacial SurgerySchool and Hospital of StomatologyWuhan UniversityWuhan430079P. R. China
- Frontier Science Center for Immunology and MetabolismWuhan UniversityWuhan430072P. R. China
- TaiKang Center for Life and Medical SciencesWuhan UniversityWuhan430072P. R. China
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219
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Miceli V, Zito G, Bulati M, Gallo A, Busà R, Iannolo G, Conaldi PG. Different priming strategies improve distinct therapeutic capabilities of mesenchymal stromal/stem cells: Potential implications for their clinical use. World J Stem Cells 2023; 15:400-420. [PMID: 37342218 PMCID: PMC10277962 DOI: 10.4252/wjsc.v15.i5.400] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/27/2023] [Revised: 03/07/2023] [Accepted: 04/17/2023] [Indexed: 05/26/2023] Open
Abstract
Mesenchymal stromal/stem cells (MSCs) have shown significant therapeutic potential, and have therefore been extensively investigated in preclinical studies of regenerative medicine. However, while MSCs have been shown to be safe as a cellular treatment, they have usually been therapeutically ineffective in human diseases. In fact, in many clinical trials it has been shown that MSCs have moderate or poor efficacy. This inefficacy appears to be ascribable primarily to the heterogeneity of MSCs. Recently, specific priming strategies have been used to improve the therapeutic properties of MSCs. In this review, we explore the literature on the principal priming approaches used to enhance the preclinical inefficacy of MSCs. We found that different priming strategies have been used to direct the therapeutic effects of MSCs toward specific pathological processes. Particularly, while hypoxic priming can be used primarily for the treatment of acute diseases, inflammatory cytokines can be used mainly to prime MSCs in order to treat chronic immune-related disorders. The shift in approach from regeneration to inflammation implies, in MSCs, a shift in the production of functional factors that stimulate regenerative or anti-inflammatory pathways. The opportunity to fine-tune the therapeutic properties of MSCs through different priming strategies could conceivably pave the way for optimizing their therapeutic potential.
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Affiliation(s)
- Vitale Miceli
- Department of Research, IRCCS ISMETT (Istituto Mediterraneo per i Trapianti e Terapie ad alta Specializzazione), Palermo 90127, Italy
| | - Giovanni Zito
- Department of Research, IRCCS ISMETT (Istituto Mediterraneo per i Trapianti e Terapie ad alta Specializzazione), Palermo 90127, Italy
| | - Matteo Bulati
- Department of Research, IRCCS ISMETT (Istituto Mediterraneo per i Trapianti e Terapie ad alta Specializzazione), Palermo 90127, Italy
| | - Alessia Gallo
- Department of Research, IRCCS ISMETT (Istituto Mediterraneo per i Trapianti e Terapie ad alta Specializzazione), Palermo 90127, Italy
| | - Rosalia Busà
- Department of Research, IRCCS ISMETT (Istituto Mediterraneo per i Trapianti e Terapie ad alta Specializzazione), Palermo 90127, Italy
| | - Gioacchin Iannolo
- Department of Research, IRCCS ISMETT (Istituto Mediterraneo per i Trapianti e Terapie ad alta Specializzazione), Palermo 90127, Italy
| | - Pier Giulio Conaldi
- Department of Research, IRCCS ISMETT (Istituto Mediterraneo per i Trapianti e Terapie ad alta Specializzazione), Palermo 90127, Italy
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220
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Liu B, Zhang C, Zhao H, Gao J, Hu J. Chitosan Hydrogel-Delivered ABE8e Corrects PAX9 Mutant in Dental Pulp Stem Cells. Gels 2023; 9:436. [PMID: 37367107 DOI: 10.3390/gels9060436] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/25/2023] [Revised: 05/19/2023] [Accepted: 05/23/2023] [Indexed: 06/28/2023] Open
Abstract
Hypodontia (dental agenesis) is a genetic disorder, and it has been identified that the mutation C175T in PAX9 could lead to hypodontia. Cas9 nickase (nCas9)-mediated homology-directed repair (HDR) and base editing were used for the correction of this mutated point. This study aimed to investigate the effect of HDR and the base editor ABE8e in editing PAX9 mutant. It was found that the chitosan hydrogel was efficient in delivering naked DNA into dental pulp stem cells (DPSCs). To explore the influence of the C175T mutation in PAX9 on the proliferation of DPSCs, hydrogel was employed to deliver PAX9 mutant vector into DPSCs, finding that the PAX9-containing C175T mutation failed to promote the proliferation of DPSCs. Firstly, DPSCs stably carrying PAX9 mutant were constructed. Either an HDR or ABE8e system was delivered into the above-mentioned stable DPSCs, and then the correction efficiency using Sanger sequencing and Western blotting was determined. Meanwhile, the ABE8e presented significantly higher efficiency in correcting C175T compared with HDR. Furthermore, the corrected PAX9 presented enhanced viability and differentiation capacity for osteogenic and neurogenic lineages; the corrected PAX9 even possessed extremely enhanced transcriptional activation ability. In summary, this study has powerful implications for studies into base editors, chitosan hydrogel, and DPSCs in treating hypodontia.
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Affiliation(s)
- Bowen Liu
- Outpatient Department of Oral and Maxillofacial Surgery, Beijing Stomatological Hospital, School of Stomatology, Capital Medical University, Tian Tan Xi Li No. 4, Beijing 100050, China
| | - Chenjiao Zhang
- Department of General, Beijing Stomatological Hospital, School of Stomatology, Capital Medical University, Tian Tan Xi Li No. 4, Beijing 100050, China
| | - Han Zhao
- Multi-Disciplinary Treatment Center, Beijing Stomatological Hospital, School of Stomatology, Capital Medical University, Tian Tan Xi Li No. 4, Beijing 100050, China
| | - Jian Gao
- State Key Laboratory of Oncogenes and Related Genes, Shanghai Cancer Institute, Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, Shanghai 200011, China
| | - Jingchao Hu
- Department of Periodontics, Beijing Stomatological Hospital, School of Stomatology, Capital Medical University, Tian Tan Xi Li No. 4, Beijing 100050, China
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Helissey C, Cavallero S, Guitard N, Théry H, Chargari C, François S. Revolutionizing Radiotoxicity Management with Mesenchymal Stem Cells and Their Derivatives: A Focus on Radiation-Induced Cystitis. Int J Mol Sci 2023; 24:ijms24109068. [PMID: 37240415 DOI: 10.3390/ijms24109068] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/16/2023] [Revised: 05/02/2023] [Accepted: 05/17/2023] [Indexed: 05/28/2023] Open
Abstract
Although radiation therapy plays a crucial role in cancer treatment, and techniques have improved continuously, irradiation induces side effects in healthy tissue. Radiation cystitis is a potential complication following the therapeutic irradiation of pelvic cancers and negatively impacts patients' quality of life (QoL). To date, no effective treatment is available, and this toxicity remains a therapeutic challenge. In recent times, stem cell-based therapy, particularly the use of mesenchymal stem cells (MSC), has gained attention in tissue repair and regeneration due to their easy accessibility and their ability to differentiate into several tissue types, modulate the immune system and secrete substances that help nearby cells grow and heal. In this review, we will summarize the pathophysiological mechanisms of radiation-induced injury to normal tissues, including radiation cystitis (RC). We will then discuss the therapeutic potential and limitations of MSCs and their derivatives, including packaged conditioned media and extracellular vesicles, in the management of radiotoxicity and RC.
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Affiliation(s)
- Carole Helissey
- Clinical Unit Research, HIA Bégin, 69 Avenu de Paris, 94160 Saint-Mandé, France
- Department of Radiation Biological Effects, French Armed Forces Biomedical Research Institute, Place Général Valérie André, 91220 Brétigny-sur-Orge, France
| | - Sophie Cavallero
- Department of Radiation Biological Effects, French Armed Forces Biomedical Research Institute, Place Général Valérie André, 91220 Brétigny-sur-Orge, France
| | - Nathalie Guitard
- Department of Radiation Biological Effects, French Armed Forces Biomedical Research Institute, Place Général Valérie André, 91220 Brétigny-sur-Orge, France
| | - Hélène Théry
- Department of Radiation Biological Effects, French Armed Forces Biomedical Research Institute, Place Général Valérie André, 91220 Brétigny-sur-Orge, France
| | - Cyrus Chargari
- Department of Radiation Biological Effects, French Armed Forces Biomedical Research Institute, Place Général Valérie André, 91220 Brétigny-sur-Orge, France
- Department of Radiation Oncology, Pitié Salpêtrière University Hospital, 47-83 Bd de l'Hôpital, 75013 Paris, France
| | - Sabine François
- Department of Radiation Biological Effects, French Armed Forces Biomedical Research Institute, Place Général Valérie André, 91220 Brétigny-sur-Orge, France
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Santos LRKD, Pelegrine AA, da Silveira Bueno CE, Muniz Ferreira JR, Aloise AC, Stringheta CP, Martinez EF, Pelegrine RA. Pulp-Dentin Complex Regeneration with Cell Transplantation Technique Using Stem Cells Derived from Human Deciduous Teeth: Histological and Immunohistochemical Study in Immunosuppressed Rats. Bioengineering (Basel) 2023; 10:bioengineering10050610. [PMID: 37237680 DOI: 10.3390/bioengineering10050610] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/28/2023] [Revised: 05/13/2023] [Accepted: 05/15/2023] [Indexed: 05/28/2023] Open
Abstract
The aim of this study was to histologically verify the performance of pulp-derived stem cells used in the pulp-dentin complex regeneration. Maxillary molars of 12 immunosuppressed rats were divided into two groups: the SC (stem cells) group, and the PBS (just standard phosphate-buffered saline) group. After pulpectomy and canal preparation, the teeth received the designated materials, and the cavities were sealed. After 12 weeks, the animals were euthanized, and the specimens underwent histological processing and qualitative evaluation of intracanal connective tissue, odontoblast-like cells, intracanal mineralized tissue, and periapical inflammatory infiltrate. Immunohistochemical evaluation was performed to detect dentin matrix protein 1 (DMP1). In the PBS group, an amorphous substance and remnants of mineralized tissue were observed throughout the canal, and abundant inflammatory cells were observed in the periapical region. In the SC group, an amorphous substance and remnants of mineralized tissue were observed throughout the canal; odontoblasts-like cells immunopositive for DMP1 and mineral plug were observed in the apical region of the canal; and a mild inflammatory infiltrate, intense vascularization, and neoformation of organized connective tissue were observed in the periapical region. In conclusion, the transplantation of human pulp stem cells promoted partial pulp tissue neoformation in adult rat molars.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - André Antonio Pelegrine
- Faculdade São Leopoldo Mandic, Instituto de Pesquisas São Leopoldo Mandic, Implantodontia, Campinas 13045-755, Brazil
| | | | | | - Antonio Carlos Aloise
- Faculdade São Leopoldo Mandic, Instituto de Pesquisas São Leopoldo Mandic, Implantodontia, Campinas 13045-755, Brazil
| | - Carolina Pessoa Stringheta
- Faculdade São Leopoldo Mandic, Instituto de Pesquisas São Leopoldo Mandic, Endodontia, Campinas 13045-755, Brazil
| | - Elizabeth Ferreira Martinez
- Faculdade São Leopoldo Mandic, Instituto de Pesquisas São Leopoldo Mandic, Patologia Oral, Campinas 13045-755, Brazil
| | - Rina Andréa Pelegrine
- Faculdade São Leopoldo Mandic, Instituto de Pesquisas São Leopoldo Mandic, Endodontia, Campinas 13045-755, Brazil
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Lampiasi N. The Migration and the Fate of Dental Pulp Stem Cells. BIOLOGY 2023; 12:biology12050742. [PMID: 37237554 DOI: 10.3390/biology12050742] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/12/2023] [Revised: 05/16/2023] [Accepted: 05/16/2023] [Indexed: 05/28/2023]
Abstract
Human dental pulp stem cells (hDPSCs) are adult mesenchymal stem cells (MSCs) obtained from dental pulp and derived from the neural crest. They can differentiate into odontoblasts, osteoblasts, chondrocytes, adipocytes and nerve cells, and they play a role in tissue repair and regeneration. In fact, DPSCs, depending on the microenvironmental signals, can differentiate into odontoblasts and regenerate dentin or, when transplanted, replace/repair damaged neurons. Cell homing depends on recruitment and migration, and it is more effective and safer than cell transplantation. However, the main limitations of cell homing are the poor cell migration of MSCs and the limited information we have on the regulatory mechanism of the direct differentiation of MSCs. Different isolation methods used to recover DPSCs can yield different cell types. To date, most studies on DPSCs use the enzymatic isolation method, which prevents direct observation of cell migration. Instead, the explant method allows for the observation of single cells that can migrate at two different times and, therefore, could have different fates, for example, differentiation and self-renewal. DPSCs use mesenchymal and amoeboid migration modes with the formation of lamellipodia, filopodia and blebs, depending on the biochemical and biophysical signals of the microenvironment. Here, we present current knowledge on the possible intriguing role of cell migration, with particular attention to microenvironmental cues and mechanosensing properties, in the fate of DPSCs.
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Affiliation(s)
- Nadia Lampiasi
- Istituto per la Ricerca e l'Innovazione Biomedica, Consiglio Nazionale delle Ricerche, Via Ugo La Malfa 153, 90146 Palermo, Italy
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Ruan Q, Tan S, Guo L, Ma D, Wen J. Prevascularization techniques for dental pulp regeneration: potential cell sources, intercellular communication and construction strategies. Front Bioeng Biotechnol 2023; 11:1186030. [PMID: 37274160 PMCID: PMC10232868 DOI: 10.3389/fbioe.2023.1186030] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/14/2023] [Accepted: 05/10/2023] [Indexed: 06/06/2023] Open
Abstract
One of the difficulties of pulp regeneration is the rapid vascularization of transplanted engineered tissue, which is crucial for the initial survival of the graft and subsequent pulp regeneration. At present, prevascularization techniques, as emerging techniques in the field of pulp regeneration, has been proposed to solve this challenge and have broad application prospects. In these techniques, endothelial cells and pericytes are cocultured to induce intercellular communication, and the cell coculture is then introduced into the customized artificial vascular bed or induced to self-assembly to simulate the interaction between cells and extracellular matrix, which would result in construction of a prevascularization system, preformation of a functional capillary network, and rapid reconstruction of a sufficient blood supply in engineered tissue after transplantation. However, prevascularization techniques for pulp regeneration remain in their infancy, and there remain unresolved problems regarding cell sources, intercellular communication and the construction of prevascularization systems. This review focuses on the recent advances in the application of prevascularization techniques for pulp regeneration, considers dental stem cells as a potential cell source of endothelial cells and pericytes, discusses strategies for their directional differentiation, sketches the mechanism of intercellular communication and the potential application of communication mediators, and summarizes construction strategies for prevascularized systems. We also provide novel ideas for the extensive application and follow-up development of prevascularization techniques for dental pulp regeneration.
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Affiliation(s)
| | | | | | - Dandan Ma
- *Correspondence: Dandan Ma, ; Jun Wen,
| | - Jun Wen
- *Correspondence: Dandan Ma, ; Jun Wen,
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225
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Lazarev S, Uzhviyuk S, Rayev M, Timganova V, Bochkova M, Khaziakhmatova O, Malashchenko V, Litvinova L, Zamorina S. Interaction of Graphene Oxide Nanoparticles with Human Mesenchymal Stem Cells Visualized in the Cell-IQ System. Molecules 2023; 28:molecules28104148. [PMID: 37241889 DOI: 10.3390/molecules28104148] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/25/2023] [Revised: 05/11/2023] [Accepted: 05/15/2023] [Indexed: 05/28/2023] Open
Abstract
Graphene oxide is a promising nanomaterial with many potential applications. However, before it can be widely used in areas such as drug delivery and medical diagnostics, its influence on various cell populations in the human body must be studied to ensure its safety. We investigated the interaction of graphene oxide (GO) nanoparticles with human mesenchymal stem cells (hMSCs) in the Cell-IQ system, evaluating cell viability, mobility, and growth rate. GO nanoparticles of different sizes coated with linear or branched polyethylene glycol (P or bP, respectively) were used at concentrations of 5 and 25 μg/mL. Designations were the following: P-GOs (Ø 184 ± 73 nm), bP-GOs (Ø 287 ± 52 nm), P-GOb (Ø 569 ± 14 nm), and bP-GOb (Ø 1376 ± 48 nm). After incubating the cells with all types of nanoparticles for 24 h, the internalization of the nanoparticles by the cells was observed. We found that all GO nanoparticles used in this study exerted a cytotoxic effect on hMSCs when used at a high concentration (25 μg/mL), whereas at a low concentration (5 μg/mL) a cytotoxic effect was observed only for bP-GOb particles. We also found that P-GOs particles decreased cell mobility at a concentration of 25 μg/mL, whereas bP-GOb particles increased it. Larger particles (P-GOb and bP-GOb) increased the rate of movement of hMSCs regardless of concentration. There were no statistically significant differences in the growth rate of cells compared with the control group.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sergey Lazarev
- Institute of Ecology and Genetics of Microorganisms, Ural Branch of the Russian Academy of Sciences-Branch of Perm Federal Research Center, 614081 Perm, Russia
- Department of Microbiology and Immunology, Faculty of Biology, Perm State University, 614990 Perm, Russia
| | - Sofya Uzhviyuk
- Institute of Ecology and Genetics of Microorganisms, Ural Branch of the Russian Academy of Sciences-Branch of Perm Federal Research Center, 614081 Perm, Russia
| | - Mikhail Rayev
- Institute of Ecology and Genetics of Microorganisms, Ural Branch of the Russian Academy of Sciences-Branch of Perm Federal Research Center, 614081 Perm, Russia
- Department of Microbiology and Immunology, Faculty of Biology, Perm State University, 614990 Perm, Russia
| | - Valeria Timganova
- Institute of Ecology and Genetics of Microorganisms, Ural Branch of the Russian Academy of Sciences-Branch of Perm Federal Research Center, 614081 Perm, Russia
| | - Maria Bochkova
- Institute of Ecology and Genetics of Microorganisms, Ural Branch of the Russian Academy of Sciences-Branch of Perm Federal Research Center, 614081 Perm, Russia
- Department of Microbiology and Immunology, Faculty of Biology, Perm State University, 614990 Perm, Russia
| | - Olga Khaziakhmatova
- Department of Microbiology and Immunology, Faculty of Biology, Immanuel Kant Baltic Federal University, 236041 Kaliningrad, Russia
| | - Vladimir Malashchenko
- Department of Microbiology and Immunology, Faculty of Biology, Immanuel Kant Baltic Federal University, 236041 Kaliningrad, Russia
| | - Larisa Litvinova
- Department of Microbiology and Immunology, Faculty of Biology, Immanuel Kant Baltic Federal University, 236041 Kaliningrad, Russia
| | - Svetlana Zamorina
- Institute of Ecology and Genetics of Microorganisms, Ural Branch of the Russian Academy of Sciences-Branch of Perm Federal Research Center, 614081 Perm, Russia
- Department of Microbiology and Immunology, Faculty of Biology, Perm State University, 614990 Perm, Russia
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226
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Camassari JR, de Sousa ITC, Müller KC, Puppin-Rontani RM. The Self Assembling peptide P 11-4 influences viability and osteogenic differentiation of stem cells of the apical papilla (SCAP). J Dent 2023; 134:104551. [PMID: 37201776 DOI: 10.1016/j.jdent.2023.104551] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/06/2023] [Revised: 05/11/2023] [Accepted: 05/15/2023] [Indexed: 05/20/2023] Open
Abstract
OBJECTIVE to analyze the effect of P11-4 self-assembly peptide on cell viability and osteogenic capacity of SCAPs through mineral deposition and gene expression of osteogenic markers. . METHODS SCAPs were seeded in contact with P11-4 (10 µg/ml, 100 µg/ml and 1 mg/ml) solution. Cell viability was evaluated using a colorimetric assay MTT (3-(4,5-Dimethylthiazol-2-yl)-2,5-Diphenyltetrazolium Bromide) in an experimental time of 24, 48 and 72 h (n=7). Mineral deposition and quantification provided by the cells was tested using the Alizarin Red staining and Cetylpyridinium Chloride (CPC), respectively, after 30 days (n=4). Gene expression of Runt-related transcription factor 2 (RUNX2), Alkaline phosphatase (ALP) and Osteocalcin (OCN) was quantified using quantitative polymerase chain reaction (RT-qPCR), at 3 and 7 days with Glyceraldehyde 3-phosphate dehydrogenase (GAPDH) as the housekeeping gene, and relative gene expression was measured using the ΔΔCq method. Data were analyzed using Kruskall-Wallis followed by multiple comparisons, and T-test for gene expression with α=0.05. RESULTS All tested concentrations (10 µg/ml, 100 µg/ml and 1 mg/ml) were not cytotoxic at time 24 and 48 h. After 72 h, a slight decrease in cell viability was observed for the lowest concentration (10 µg/ml). The concentration of 100 µg/ml P11-4 showed the highest mineral deposition. However, qPCR analysis of P11-4 (10 µg/ml) showed upregulation of RUNX2 and OCN at 3 days, with downregulation of ALP at 3 and 7d. CONCLUSION P11-4 did not affect cell viability, induced mineral deposition in SCAPs, and upregulated the expression of RUNX2 and OCN genes at 3 days, while downregulating ALP expression at 3 and 7 days. CLINICAL SIGNIFICANCE Based on the results obtained in this study it can be stated that self-assembling peptide P11-4 is a potential candidate to induce mineralization on dental stem cells for regenerative purposes and also for a clinical use as a capping agent without compromising the cells health.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jessica Rodrigues Camassari
- PhD Student at Department of Restorative Dentistry, Dental Materials Division, University of Campinas, Av Limeira, 901. CEP 13.414-018, Piracicaba, São Paulo, Brazil
| | - Iago Torres Cortês de Sousa
- PhD Student at Department of Biosciences, Physiological Sciences Division, University of Campinas, Av Limeira, 901. CEP 13.414-018, Piracicaba, São Paulo, Brazil
| | - Karina Cogo Müller
- Full Professor of Pharmacology, Anesthesiology and Therapeutics Division, University of Campinas, Av Limeira, 901. CEP 13.414-018, Piracicaba, São Paulo, Brazil
| | - Regina Maria Puppin-Rontani
- Full Professor of Pediatric Dentistry, University State of Campinas, Av Limeira, 901. CEP 13.414-018, Piracicaba, São Paulo, Brazil.
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227
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Alarcón-Apablaza J, Prieto R, Rojas M, Fuentes R. Potential of Oral Cavity Stem Cells for Bone Regeneration: A Scoping Review. Cells 2023; 12:1392. [PMID: 37408226 DOI: 10.3390/cells12101392] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/13/2023] [Revised: 04/30/2023] [Accepted: 05/04/2023] [Indexed: 07/07/2023] Open
Abstract
Bone loss is a common problem that ranges from small defects to large defects after trauma, surgery, or congenital malformations. The oral cavity is a rich source of mesenchymal stromal cells (MSCs). Researchers have documented their isolation and studied their osteogenic potential. Therefore, the objective of this review was to analyze and compare the potential of MSCs from the oral cavity for use in bone regeneration. METHODS A scoping review was carried out following the Preferred Reporting Items for Systematic Reviews and Meta-Analyses extension for Scoping Reviews (PRISMA-ScR) guidelines. The databases reviewed were PubMed, SCOPUS, Scientific Electronic Library Online (SciELO), and Web of Science. Studies using stem cells from the oral cavity to promote bone regeneration were included. RESULTS A total of 726 studies were found, of which 27 were selected. The MSCs used to repair bone defects were (I) dental pulp stem cells of permanent teeth, (II) stem cells derived from inflamed dental pulp, (III) stem cells from exfoliated deciduous teeth, (IV) periodontal ligament stem cells, (V) cultured autogenous periosteal cells, (VI) buccal fat pad-derived cells, and (VII) autologous bone-derived mesenchymal stem cells. Stem cells associate with scaffolds to facilitate insertion into the bone defect and to enhance bone regeneration. The biological risk and morbidity of the MSC-grafted site were minimal. Successful bone formation after MSC grafting has been shown for small defects with stem cells from the periodontal ligament and dental pulp as well as larger defects with stem cells from the periosteum, bone, and buccal fat pad. CONCLUSIONS Stem cells of maxillofacial origin are a promising alternative to treat small and large craniofacial bone defects; however, an additional scaffold complement is required for stem cell delivery.
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Affiliation(s)
- Josefa Alarcón-Apablaza
- Research Centre in Dental Sciences (CICO-UFRO), Dental School, Universidad de La Frontera, Temuco 4780000, Chile
- Doctoral Program in Morphological Sciences, Faculty of Medicine, Universidad de La Frontera, Temuco 4780000, Chile
| | - Ruth Prieto
- Department of Pediatrics and Pediatric Surgery, Faculty of Medicine, Universidad de La Frontera, Temuco 4780000, Chile
| | - Mariana Rojas
- Comparative Embryology Laboratory, Program of Anatomy and Developmental Biology, ICBM, Faculty of Medicine, Universidad de Chile, Santiago 8320000, Chile
| | - Ramón Fuentes
- Research Centre in Dental Sciences (CICO-UFRO), Dental School, Universidad de La Frontera, Temuco 4780000, Chile
- Department of Integral Adults Dentistry, Dental School, Universidad de La Frontera, Temuco 4780000, Chile
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228
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Namjoynik A, Islam MA, Islam M. Evaluating the efficacy of human dental pulp stem cells and scaffold combination for bone regeneration in animal models: a systematic review and meta-analysis. Stem Cell Res Ther 2023; 14:132. [PMID: 37189187 DOI: 10.1186/s13287-023-03357-w] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 10.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/15/2022] [Accepted: 04/27/2023] [Indexed: 05/17/2023] Open
Abstract
INTRODUCTION Human adult dental pulp stem cells (hDPSC) and stem cells from human exfoliated deciduous teeth (SHED) hold promise in bone regeneration for their easy accessibility, high proliferation rate, self-renewal and osteogenic differentiation capacity. Various organic and inorganic scaffold materials were pre-seeded with human dental pulp stem cells in animals, with promising outcomes in new bone formation. Nevertheless, the clinical trial for bone regeneration using dental pulp stem cells is still in its infancy. Thus, the aim of this systematic review and meta-analysis is to synthesise the evidence of the efficacy of human dental pulp stem cells and the scaffold combination for bone regeneration in animal bone defect models. METHODOLOGY This study was registered in PROSPERO (CRD2021274976), and PRISMA guideline was followed to include the relevant full-text papers using exclusion and inclusion criteria. Data were extracted for the systematic review. Quality assessment and the risk of bias were also carried out using the CAMARADES tool. Quantitative bone regeneration data of the experimental (scaffold + hDPSC/SHED) and the control (scaffold-only) groups were also extracted for meta-analysis. RESULTS Forty-nine papers were included for systematic review and only 27 of them were qualified for meta-analysis. 90% of the included papers were assessed as medium to low risk. In the meta-analysis, qualified studies were grouped by the unit of bone regeneration measurement. Overall, bone regeneration was significantly higher (p < 0.0001) in experimental group (scaffold + hDPSC/SHED) compared to the control group (scaffold-only) (SMD: 1.863, 95% CI 1.121-2.605). However, the effect is almost entirely driven by the % new bone formation group (SMD: 3.929, 95% CI 2.612-5.246) while % BV/TV (SMD: 2.693, 95% CI - 0.001-5.388) shows a marginal effect. Dogs and hydroxyapatite-containing scaffolds have the highest capacity in % new bone formation in response to human DPSC/SHED. The funnel plot exhibits no apparent asymmetry representing a lack of remarkable publication bias. Sensitivity analysis also indicated that the results generated in this meta-analysis are robust and reliable. CONCLUSION This is the first synthesised evidence showing that human DPSCs/SHED and scaffold combination enhanced bone regeneration highly significantly compared to the cell-free scaffold irrespective of scaffold type and animal species used. So, dental pulp stem cells could be a promising tool for treating various bone diseases, and more clinical trials need to be conducted to evaluate the effectiveness of dental pulp stem cell-based therapies.
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Affiliation(s)
- Amin Namjoynik
- School of Dentistry, University of Dundee, Dundee, DD1 4HR, Scotland, UK
| | - Md Asiful Islam
- Institute of Metabolism and Systems Research, University of Birmingham, Birmingham, B15 2TT, UK
| | - Mohammad Islam
- School of Dentistry, University of Dundee, Dundee, DD1 4HR, Scotland, UK.
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Muallah D, Matschke J, Kappler M, Kroschwald LM, Lauer G, Eckert AW. Dental Pulp Stem Cells for Salivary Gland Regeneration-Where Are We Today? Int J Mol Sci 2023; 24:ijms24108664. [PMID: 37240009 DOI: 10.3390/ijms24108664] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/27/2023] [Revised: 05/02/2023] [Accepted: 05/09/2023] [Indexed: 05/28/2023] Open
Abstract
Xerostomia is the phenomenon of dry mouth and is mostly caused by hypofunction of the salivary glands. This hypofunction can be caused by tumors, head and neck irradiation, hormonal changes, inflammation or autoimmune disease such as Sjögren's syndrome. It is associated with a tremendous decrease in health-related quality of life due to impairment of articulation, ingestion and oral immune defenses. Current treatment concepts mainly consist of saliva substitutes and parasympathomimetic drugs, but the outcome of these therapies is deficient. Regenerative medicine is a promising approach for the treatment of compromised tissue. For this purpose, stem cells can be utilized due to their ability to differentiate into various cell types. Dental pulp stem cells are adult stem cells that can be easily harvested from extracted teeth. They can form tissues of all three germ layers and are therefore becoming more and more popular for tissue engineering. Another potential benefit of these cells is their immunomodulatory effect. They suppress proinflammatory pathways of lymphocytes and could therefore probably be used for the treatment of chronic inflammation and autoimmune disease. These attributes make dental pulp stem cells an interesting tool for the regeneration of salivary glands and the treatment of xerostomia. Nevertheless, clinical studies are still missing. This review will highlight the current strategies for using dental pulp stem cells in the regeneration of salivary gland tissue.
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Affiliation(s)
- David Muallah
- Department of Oral and Maxillofacial Surgery, University Hospital Hamburg-Eppendorf, Martinistraße 52, 20251 Hamburg, Germany
| | - Jan Matschke
- Department of Oral and Maxillofacial Surgery, Faculty of Medicine "Carl Gustav Carus", Technische Universität Dresden, Fetscherstraße 74, 01307 Dresden, Germany
| | - Matthias Kappler
- Department of Oral and Maxillofacial Plastic Surgery, Martin Luther University Halle-Wittenberg, 06120 Halle, Germany
| | - Lysann Michaela Kroschwald
- Department of Oral and Maxillofacial Surgery, Faculty of Medicine "Carl Gustav Carus", Technische Universität Dresden, Fetscherstraße 74, 01307 Dresden, Germany
- Center for Translational Bone, Joint and Soft Tissue Research, University Hospital "Carl Gustav Carus", Technische Universität Dresden, Fetscherstraße 74, 01307 Dresden, Germany
| | - Günter Lauer
- Department of Oral and Maxillofacial Surgery, Faculty of Medicine "Carl Gustav Carus", Technische Universität Dresden, Fetscherstraße 74, 01307 Dresden, Germany
| | - Alexander W Eckert
- Department of Cranio Maxillofacial Surgery, Paracelsus Medical University, Breslauer Straße 201, 90471 Nuremberg, Germany
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EzEldeen M, Moroni L, Nejad ZM, Jacobs R, Mota C. Biofabrication of engineered dento-alveolar tissue. BIOMATERIALS ADVANCES 2023; 148:213371. [PMID: 36931083 DOI: 10.1016/j.bioadv.2023.213371] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/08/2022] [Revised: 01/19/2023] [Accepted: 03/04/2023] [Indexed: 06/18/2023]
Abstract
Oral health is essential for a good overall health. Dento-alveolar conditions have a high prevalence, ranging from tooth decay periodontitis to alveolar bone resorption. However, oral tissues exhibit a limited regenerative capacity, and full recovery is challenging. Therefore, regenerative therapies for dento-alveolar tissue (e.g., alveolar bone, periodontal membrane, dentin-pulp complex) have gained much attention, and novel approaches have been proposed in recent decades. This review focuses on the cells, biomaterials and the biofabrication methods used to develop therapies for tooth root bioengineering. Examples of the techniques covered are the multitude of additive manufacturing techniques and bioprinting approaches used to create scaffolds or tissue constructs. Furthermore, biomaterials and stem cells utilized during biofabrication will also be described for different target tissues. As these new therapies gradually become a reality in the lab, the translation to the clinic is still minute, with a further need to overcome multiple challenges and broaden the clinical application of these alternatives.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mostafa EzEldeen
- OMFS IMPATH Research Group, Faculty of Medicine, Department of Imaging and Pathology, KU Leuven and Oral and Maxillofacial Surgery, University Hospitals Leuven, Kapucijnenvoer 33, 3000 Leuven, Belgium; Department of Oral Health Sciences, KU Leuven and Paediatric Dentistry and Special Dental Care, University Hospitals Leuven, Kapucijnenvoer 33, 3000 Leuven, Belgium
| | - Lorenzo Moroni
- Institute for Technology-inspired Regenerative Medicine, Department of Complex Tissue Regeneration, Maastricht University, Maastricht, the Netherlands
| | - Zohre Mousavi Nejad
- OMFS IMPATH Research Group, Faculty of Medicine, Department of Imaging and Pathology, KU Leuven and Oral and Maxillofacial Surgery, University Hospitals Leuven, Kapucijnenvoer 33, 3000 Leuven, Belgium; Biomaterials Research Group, Department of Nanotechnology and Advance Materials, Materials and Energy Research Center, P.O. Box: 31787-316, Karaj, Alborz, Iran
| | - Reinhilde Jacobs
- OMFS IMPATH Research Group, Faculty of Medicine, Department of Imaging and Pathology, KU Leuven and Oral and Maxillofacial Surgery, University Hospitals Leuven, Kapucijnenvoer 33, 3000 Leuven, Belgium; Department of Dental Medicine, Karolinska Institute, Stockholm, Sweden
| | - Carlos Mota
- Institute for Technology-inspired Regenerative Medicine, Department of Complex Tissue Regeneration, Maastricht University, Maastricht, the Netherlands.
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231
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Agostinelli BG, Andia DC, Lima AF. Co-initiators of polymerization can modulate the inflammatory cytokine release without major cytotoxic effects in human dental pulp cells. J Biomed Mater Res B Appl Biomater 2023; 111:1112-1120. [PMID: 36598816 DOI: 10.1002/jbm.b.35218] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/24/2022] [Revised: 11/16/2022] [Accepted: 12/23/2022] [Indexed: 01/05/2023]
Abstract
To evaluate the cytotoxicity of co-initiators of polymerization and its influence on cytokine release from human dental pulp cells (hDPCs). Cells were isolated from the dental pulp of sound human third molars. The co-initiators dimethylaminoethyl amine benzoate-(EDAB), 2-(dimethylamino)ethyl methacrylate (DMAEMA); 2-Ethylhexyl 4-(dimethylamino)benzoate (EHA) and bis(4-methyl phenyl)iodonium hexafluorophosphate (BPI) were diluted in dimethylsulfoxide (DMSO) at different concentrations. In this way, experimental groups and one control (without treatment) were obtained. hDPCs (10 × 104 cell per well) were seeded on 96 well plates and incubated at 37°C and 5% CO2 for 48 h. After this, the cells were exposed to different concentrations of co-initiators cited for 24 h. After this time, the culture medium was removed, and the mitochondrial metabolism was evaluated by MTT assay, cell death by flow cytometry, and cytokine released (IL-1β, IL6, IL-8, IL-10, and TNF-α) was analyzed by MAGPIX assay. The data were analyzed by ANOVA one-way and Tukey's test. EHA, DMAEMA, and EDAB did not reduce the mitochondrial metabolism. BPI presented high toxicity with remarkable reduction (80%) after exposure to 1 mM. The cell death of all test groups was similar to control. After 24 h treatment, the IL-8 was up-regulated by all compounds, while IL-6 was upregulated after exposure to EHA and downregulated after DMAEMA stimulation. BPI, EHA, EDAB, and DMAEMA can trigger an initial inflammatory response, upregulating the IL-8 secretion in hDPCs in a compound-concentration-dependent manner; however, this was not accompanied by major cytotoxic effects at cell death or mitochondrial-metabolism levels.
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Affiliation(s)
| | | | - Adriano F Lima
- Dental Research Division, Paulista University, Sao Paulo, Brazil
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232
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Ahmed B, Ragab MH, Galhom RA, Hassan HY. Evaluation of dental pulp stem cells behavior after odontogenic differentiation induction by three different bioactive materials on two different scaffolds. BMC Oral Health 2023; 23:252. [PMID: 37127635 PMCID: PMC10150498 DOI: 10.1186/s12903-023-02975-3] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/17/2022] [Accepted: 04/17/2023] [Indexed: 05/03/2023] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND To study the odontogenic potential of dental pulp stem cells (DPSCs) after induction with three different bioactive materials: activa bioactive (base/liner) (AB), TheraCal LC (TC), and mineral trioxide aggregate (MTA), when combined with two different types of scaffolds. METHODS DPSCs were isolated from freshly extracted premolars of young orthodontic patients, cultured, expanded to passage 4 (P), and characterized by flow cytometric analysis. DPSCs were seeded onto two scaffolds in contact with different materials (AB, TC, and MTA). The first scaffold contained polycaprolactone-nano-chitosan and synthetic hydroxyapatite (PCL-NC-HA), whereas the second scaffold contained polycaprolactone-nano-chitosan and synthetic Mg-substituted hydroxyapatite (PCL-NC-Mg-HA). DPSC viability and proliferation were evaluated at various time points. To assess odontoblastic differentiation, gene expression analysis of dentin sialophosphoprotein (DSPP) by quantitative real-time polymerase chain reaction (qRT-PCR) and morphological changes in cells were performed using inverted microscope phase contrast images and scanning electron microscopy. The fold-change in DSPP between subgroups was compared using a one-way ANOVA. Tukey's test was used to compare the fold-change in DSPP between the two subgroups in multiple comparisons, and P was set at p < 0.05. RESULTS DSPP expression was significantly higher in the PCL-NC-Mg-HA group than in the PCL-NC-HA group, and scanning electron microscopy revealed a strong attachment of odontoblast-like cells to the scaffold that had a stronger odontogenic differentiation effect on DPSCs than the scaffold that did not contain magnesium. MTA has a significantly higher odontogenic differentiation effect on cultured DPSCs than AB or TC does. The combination of scaffolds and bioactive materials improves DPSCs induction in odontoblast-like cells. CONCLUSIONS The PCL-NC-Mg-HA scaffold showed better odontogenic differentiation effects on cultured DPSCs. Compared to AB and TC, MTA is the most effective bioactive material for inducing the odontogenic differentiation of cultured DPSCs.
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Affiliation(s)
- Basma Ahmed
- Endodontic Department, Faculty of Dentistry, Suez Canal University, Ismailia, Egypt
| | - Mai H Ragab
- Endodontic Department, Faculty of Dentistry, Suez Canal University, Ismailia, Egypt
| | - Rania A Galhom
- Human Anatomy and Embryology Department, Faculty of Medicine, Suez Canal University, Ismailia, Egypt
| | - Hayam Y Hassan
- Endodontic Department, Faculty of Dentistry, Suez Canal University, Ismailia, Egypt.
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Salari Sedigh H, Saffarpour A, Jamshidi S, Ashouri M, Nassiri SM, Dehghan MM, Ranjbar E, Shafieian R. In vitro investigation of canine periodontal ligament-derived mesenchymal stem cells: A possibility of promising tool for periodontal regeneration. J Oral Biol Craniofac Res 2023; 13:403-411. [PMID: 37113531 PMCID: PMC10127137 DOI: 10.1016/j.jobcr.2023.03.010] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/11/2022] [Revised: 02/09/2023] [Accepted: 03/15/2023] [Indexed: 04/29/2023] Open
Abstract
Objectives Recent investigations indicate that canine periodontal ligament-derived stem cells (cPDLSCs) may reveal a reliable strategy for repair of periodontal tissues via cell-based tissue engineering approaches. Due to limited research, this study aimed to demonstrate the phenotypic characterization of cPDLSc in comparison with canine bone marrow-derived mesenchymal stem cells (cBMSCs) in vitro. Methods Mesenchymal stem cells (MSCs) were obtained from PDL and BM of five male adult Mongrel dogs. In vitro isolation and expansion as well as biologic characterization including colony unit formation (CFU), osteogenic and adipogenic differentiation, flow cytometric analysis of CD34 and CD44, and RT-PCR of alkaline phosphatase (ALP), osteocalcin (OCN), periostin (POSTN) and S100A4 were performed. Furthermore, electron microscopy analysis was done to complement the comparative research. Results CFU assay revealed that colonies of cPDLSCs presented 70% confluency with a more finite lifespan than BM-MSCs, showing a significant increase in cPDLSCs. Both types of MSCs showed osteogenic and adipogenic phenotypic characterized with clusters of mineralized depositions and lipid vacuoles, respectively. Both types of MSCs expressed CD44 with limited expression of CD34. RT-PCR of cPDLSCs revealed that expression of ALP, POSTN, OCN and S100A4 genes were significantly higher than those of BMSCs. In addition, comparison of SEM and revealed that cPDLSCs expressed more extracellular collagen fibers. Conclusions The current study indicated that cPDLSCs show potency as a novel cellular therapy for periodontal regeneration a large animal model.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hamideh Salari Sedigh
- Department of Clinical Sciences, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, Ferdowsi University of Mashhad, Mashhad, Iran
| | - Anna Saffarpour
- Department of Periodontology, Tehran University of Medical Sciences, International Campus, Tehran, Iran
| | - Shahram Jamshidi
- Department of Clinical Sciences, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, University of Tehran, Tehran, Iran
| | - Mahdi Ashouri
- Department of Oral and Maxillofacial Pathology, Faculty of Dentistry, Shahed University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
| | - Seyed Mahdi Nassiri
- Department of Clinical Pathology, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, University of Tehran, Tehran, Iran
| | - Mohammad Mehdi Dehghan
- Department of Surgery & Radiology, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, University of Tehran, Tehran, Iran
| | - Esmail Ranjbar
- Department of Anatomy and Cell Biology, School of Medicine, Mashhad University of Medical Sciences, Mashhad, Iran
| | - Reyhaneh Shafieian
- Department of Anatomy and Cell Biology, School of Medicine, Mashhad University of Medical Sciences, Mashhad, Iran
- Stem Cell and Regenerative Medicine Center, Mashhad University of Medical Sciences, Mashhad, Iran
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234
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Kim JS, Lee BN, Chang HS, Hwang IN, Oh WM, Hwang YC. Effects of CTHRC1 on odontogenic differentiation and angiogenesis in human dental pulp stem cells. Restor Dent Endod 2023; 48:e18. [PMID: 37284346 PMCID: PMC10240092 DOI: 10.5395/rde.2023.48.e18] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/04/2023] [Revised: 02/08/2023] [Accepted: 02/08/2023] [Indexed: 06/08/2023] Open
Abstract
Objectives This study aimed to determine whether collagen triple helix repeat containing-1 (CTHRC1), which is involved in vascular remodeling and bone formation, can stimulate odontogenic differentiation and angiogenesis when administered to human dental pulp stem cells (hDPSCs). Materials and Methods The viability of hDPSCs upon exposure to CTHRC1 was assessed with the WST-1 assay. CTHRC1 doses of 5, 10, and 20 µg/mL were administered to hDPSCs. Reverse-transcription polymerase reaction was used to detect dentin sialophosphoprotein, dentin matrix protein 1, vascular endothelial growth factor, and fibroblast growth factor 2. The formation of mineralization nodules was evaluated using Alizarin red. A scratch wound assay was conducted to evaluate the effect of CTHRC1 on cell migration. Data were analyzed using 1-way analysis of variance followed by the Tukey post hoc test. The threshold for statistical significance was set at p < 0.05. Results CTHRC1 doses of 5, 10, and 20 µg/mL had no significant effect on the viability of hDPSCs. Mineralized nodules were formed and odontogenic markers were upregulated, indicating that CTHRC1 promoted odontogenic differentiation. Scratch wound assays demonstrated that CTHRC1 significantly enhanced the migration of hDPSCs. Conclusions CTHRC1 promoted odontogenic differentiation and mineralization in hDPSCs.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jong-soon Kim
- Department of Conservative Dentistry, School of Dentistry, Chonnam National University, Gwangju, Korea
| | - Bin-Na Lee
- Department of Conservative Dentistry, School of Dentistry, Chonnam National University, Gwangju, Korea
| | - Hoon-Sang Chang
- Department of Conservative Dentistry, School of Dentistry, Chonnam National University, Gwangju, Korea
| | - In-Nam Hwang
- Department of Conservative Dentistry, School of Dentistry, Chonnam National University, Gwangju, Korea
| | - Won-Mann Oh
- Department of Conservative Dentistry, School of Dentistry, Chonnam National University, Gwangju, Korea
| | - Yun-Chan Hwang
- Department of Conservative Dentistry, School of Dentistry, Chonnam National University, Gwangju, Korea
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235
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Min Q, Yang L, Tian H, Tang L, Xiao Z, Shen J. Immunomodulatory Mechanism and Potential Application of Dental Pulp-Derived Stem Cells in Immune-Mediated Diseases. Int J Mol Sci 2023; 24:ijms24098068. [PMID: 37175774 PMCID: PMC10178746 DOI: 10.3390/ijms24098068] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/03/2023] [Revised: 04/20/2023] [Accepted: 04/26/2023] [Indexed: 05/15/2023] Open
Abstract
Dental pulp stem cells (DPSCs) are mesenchymal stem cells (MSCs) derived from dental pulp tissue, which have high self-renewal ability and multi-lineage differentiation potential. With the discovery of the immunoregulatory ability of stem cells, DPSCs have attracted much attention because they have similar or even better immunomodulatory effects than MSCs from other sources. DPSCs and their exosomes can exert an immunomodulatory ability by acting on target immune cells to regulate cytokines. DPSCs can also migrate to the lesion site to differentiate into target cells to repair the injured tissue, and play an important role in tissue regeneration. The aim of this review is to summarize the molecular mechanism and target cells of the immunomodulatory effects of DPSCs, and the latest advances in preclinical research in the treatment of various immune-mediated diseases, providing new reflections for their clinical application. DPSCs may be a promising source of stem cells for the treatment of immune-mediated diseases.
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Affiliation(s)
- Qi Min
- Laboratory of Molecular Pharmacology, Department of Pharmacology, School of Pharmacy, Southwest Medical University, Luzhou 646000, China
- Cell Therapy and Cell Drugs of Luzhou Key Laboratory, Luzhou 646000, China
- South Sichuan Institute of Translational Medicine, Luzhou 646000, China
| | - Liqiong Yang
- Laboratory of Molecular Pharmacology, Department of Pharmacology, School of Pharmacy, Southwest Medical University, Luzhou 646000, China
- Cell Therapy and Cell Drugs of Luzhou Key Laboratory, Luzhou 646000, China
- South Sichuan Institute of Translational Medicine, Luzhou 646000, China
| | - Hua Tian
- Laboratory of Molecular Pharmacology, Department of Pharmacology, School of Pharmacy, Southwest Medical University, Luzhou 646000, China
- Cell Therapy and Cell Drugs of Luzhou Key Laboratory, Luzhou 646000, China
- South Sichuan Institute of Translational Medicine, Luzhou 646000, China
| | - Lu Tang
- Laboratory of Molecular Pharmacology, Department of Pharmacology, School of Pharmacy, Southwest Medical University, Luzhou 646000, China
- Cell Therapy and Cell Drugs of Luzhou Key Laboratory, Luzhou 646000, China
- South Sichuan Institute of Translational Medicine, Luzhou 646000, China
| | - Zhangang Xiao
- Laboratory of Molecular Pharmacology, Department of Pharmacology, School of Pharmacy, Southwest Medical University, Luzhou 646000, China
- Cell Therapy and Cell Drugs of Luzhou Key Laboratory, Luzhou 646000, China
- South Sichuan Institute of Translational Medicine, Luzhou 646000, China
| | - Jing Shen
- Laboratory of Molecular Pharmacology, Department of Pharmacology, School of Pharmacy, Southwest Medical University, Luzhou 646000, China
- Cell Therapy and Cell Drugs of Luzhou Key Laboratory, Luzhou 646000, China
- South Sichuan Institute of Translational Medicine, Luzhou 646000, China
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Mélou C, Pellen-Mussi P, Novello S, Brézulier D, Novella A, Tricot S, Bellaud P, Chauvel-Lebret D. Spheroid Culture System, a Promising Method for Chondrogenic Differentiation of Dental Mesenchymal Stem Cells. Biomedicines 2023; 11:biomedicines11051314. [PMID: 37238984 DOI: 10.3390/biomedicines11051314] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/21/2023] [Revised: 04/24/2023] [Accepted: 04/25/2023] [Indexed: 05/28/2023] Open
Abstract
The objective of the present work was to develop a three-dimensional culture model to evaluate, in a short period of time, cartilage tissue engineering protocols. The spheroids were compared with the gold standard pellet culture. The dental mesenchymal stem cell lines were from pulp and periodontal ligament. The evaluation used RT-qPCR and Alcian Blue staining of the cartilage matrix. This study showed that the spheroid model allowed for obtaining greater fluctuations of the chondrogenesis markers than for the pellet one. The two cell lines, although originating from the same organ, led to different biological responses. Finally, biological changes were detectable for short periods of time. In summary, this work demonstrated that the spheroid model is a valuable tool for studying chondrogenesis and the mechanisms of osteoarthritis, and evaluating cartilage tissue engineering protocols.
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Affiliation(s)
- Caroline Mélou
- CNRS, ISCR (Institut des Sciences Chimiques de Rennes), University of Rennes, UMR 6226, 35000 Rennes, France
- Pôle d'Odontologie, Centre Hospitalier Universitaire de Rennes, 35033 Rennes, France
- UFR Odontologie, University of Rennes, 35043 Rennes, France
| | - Pascal Pellen-Mussi
- CNRS, ISCR (Institut des Sciences Chimiques de Rennes), University of Rennes, UMR 6226, 35000 Rennes, France
| | - Solen Novello
- CNRS, ISCR (Institut des Sciences Chimiques de Rennes), University of Rennes, UMR 6226, 35000 Rennes, France
- Pôle d'Odontologie, Centre Hospitalier Universitaire de Rennes, 35033 Rennes, France
- UFR Odontologie, University of Rennes, 35043 Rennes, France
| | - Damien Brézulier
- CNRS, ISCR (Institut des Sciences Chimiques de Rennes), University of Rennes, UMR 6226, 35000 Rennes, France
- Pôle d'Odontologie, Centre Hospitalier Universitaire de Rennes, 35033 Rennes, France
| | - Agnès Novella
- CNRS, ISCR (Institut des Sciences Chimiques de Rennes), University of Rennes, UMR 6226, 35000 Rennes, France
| | - Sylvie Tricot
- CNRS, ISCR (Institut des Sciences Chimiques de Rennes), University of Rennes, UMR 6226, 35000 Rennes, France
| | - Pascale Bellaud
- CNRS, Inserm UMS Biosit, France BioImaging, Core Facility H2P2, University of Rennes, 35000 Rennes, France
| | - Dominique Chauvel-Lebret
- CNRS, ISCR (Institut des Sciences Chimiques de Rennes), University of Rennes, UMR 6226, 35000 Rennes, France
- Pôle d'Odontologie, Centre Hospitalier Universitaire de Rennes, 35033 Rennes, France
- UFR Odontologie, University of Rennes, 35043 Rennes, France
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Hong H, Zeng K, Zhou C, Chen X, Xu Z, Li M, Liu L, Zeng Q, Tao Q, Wei X. The pluripotent factor OCT4A enhances the self-renewal of human dental pulp stem cells by targeting lncRNA FTX in an LPS-induced inflammatory microenvironment. Stem Cell Res Ther 2023; 14:109. [PMID: 37106382 PMCID: PMC10142416 DOI: 10.1186/s13287-023-03313-8] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/03/2022] [Accepted: 03/29/2023] [Indexed: 04/29/2023] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Regulating the pluripotency of human dental pulp stem cells (hDPSCs) is key for the self-repair of injured dental pulp. We previously found that OCT4A promotes the proliferation and odontogenic differentiation of human dental pulp cells (hDPCs). Recent studies have shown the interaction between OCT4A and lncRNAs in pluripotency maintenance of various stem cells. The aim of this study was to explore the underlying roles and mechanisms of OCT4A and its related lncRNAs in the proliferation and multidirectional differentiation of hDPSCs in an inflammatory microenvironment. METHODS Human lncRNA microarrays were applied to screen out the differentially expressed lncRNAs in hDPSCs between the OCT4A-overexpressing and vector groups. Lipopolysaccharide (LPS) was used to simulate the inflammatory microenvironment. The effects of OCT4A and the lncRNA FTX on the proliferation and multidifferentiation of hDPSCs were observed by the CCK-8 assay, EdU staining, real-time PCR, western blotting, and Alizarin red and oil red O staining. Bioinformatics analysis and chromatin immunoprecipitation (ChIP) assays were performed to clarify the targeted mechanism of OCT4A on FTX. The regulation by FTX of the expression of OCT4A and its downstream pluripotent transcription factors SOX2 and c-MYC was further detected by real-time PCR and western blotting. RESULTS The microarray results showed that 978 lncRNAs (250 of which were upregulated and 728 downregulated) were potentially differentially expressed genes (fold change ≥ 2, P < 0.05). LPS stimulation attenuated the self-renewal of hDPSCs. OCT4A enhanced the cell proliferation and multidifferentiation capacities of hDPSCs in an inflammatory microenvironment, while FTX exhibited the opposite effects. OCT4A negatively regulated FTX function by binding to specific regions on the FTX promoter, thereby inhibiting the transcription of FTX. Moreover, overexpression of FTX downregulated the expression of OCT4A, SOX2 and c-MYC, whereas knockdown of FTX facilitated their expression. CONCLUSIONS OCT4A was found to be a crucial factor maintaining the self-renewal of hDPSCs by transcriptionally targeting FTX in an inflammatory microenvironment. Moreover, we proposed a novel function of FTX in negatively regulating the pluripotency and multilineage differentiation capacity of hDPSCs. The hierarchical organization between OCT4A and FTX expanded the understanding of the network between transcription factors and lncRNAs in fine-tuning the pluripotency/differentiation balance of adult stem cells, and provided prospective targets for optimizing dental-derived stem cell sources for regenerative endodontics.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hong Hong
- Hospital of Stomatology, Guanghua School of Stomatology, Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Stomatology, Sun Yat-Sen University, Guangzhou, 510055, People's Republic of China
| | - Kai Zeng
- Hospital of Stomatology, Guanghua School of Stomatology, Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Stomatology, Sun Yat-Sen University, Guangzhou, 510055, People's Republic of China
| | - Can Zhou
- Hospital of Stomatology, Guanghua School of Stomatology, Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Stomatology, Sun Yat-Sen University, Guangzhou, 510055, People's Republic of China
| | - Xiaochuan Chen
- Hospital of Stomatology, Guanghua School of Stomatology, Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Stomatology, Sun Yat-Sen University, Guangzhou, 510055, People's Republic of China
| | - Zhezhen Xu
- Hospital of Stomatology, Guanghua School of Stomatology, Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Stomatology, Sun Yat-Sen University, Guangzhou, 510055, People's Republic of China
| | - Mengjie Li
- Hospital of Stomatology, Guanghua School of Stomatology, Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Stomatology, Sun Yat-Sen University, Guangzhou, 510055, People's Republic of China
| | - Lu Liu
- Hospital of Stomatology, Guanghua School of Stomatology, Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Stomatology, Sun Yat-Sen University, Guangzhou, 510055, People's Republic of China
| | - Qian Zeng
- Hospital of Stomatology, Guanghua School of Stomatology, Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Stomatology, Sun Yat-Sen University, Guangzhou, 510055, People's Republic of China
| | - Qian Tao
- Hospital of Stomatology, Guanghua School of Stomatology, Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Stomatology, Sun Yat-Sen University, Guangzhou, 510055, People's Republic of China.
| | - Xi Wei
- Hospital of Stomatology, Guanghua School of Stomatology, Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Stomatology, Sun Yat-Sen University, Guangzhou, 510055, People's Republic of China.
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Yang C, Du XY, Luo W. Clinical application prospects and transformation value of dental follicle stem cells in oral and neurological diseases. World J Stem Cells 2023; 15:136-149. [PMID: 37181000 PMCID: PMC10173814 DOI: 10.4252/wjsc.v15.i4.136] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/19/2022] [Revised: 01/18/2023] [Accepted: 03/21/2023] [Indexed: 04/26/2023] Open
Abstract
Since dental pulp stem cells (DPSCs) were first reported, six types of dental SCs (DSCs) have been isolated and identified. DSCs originating from the craniofacial neural crest exhibit dental-like tissue differentiation potential and neuro-ectodermal features. As a member of DSCs, dental follicle SCs (DFSCs) are the only cell type obtained at the early developing stage of the tooth prior to eruption. Dental follicle tissue has the distinct advantage of large tissue volume compared with other dental tissues, which is a prerequisite for obtaining a sufficient number of cells to meet the needs of clinical applications. Furthermore, DFSCs exhibit a significantly higher cell proliferation rate, higher colony-formation capacity, and more primitive and better anti-inflammatory effects than other DSCs. In this respect, DFSCs have the potential to be of great clinical significance and translational value in oral and neurological diseases, with natural advantages based on their origin. Lastly, cryopreservation preserves the biological properties of DFSCs and enables them to be used as off-shelf products for clinical applications. This review summarizes and comments on the properties, application potential, and clinical transformation value of DFSCs, thereby inspiring novel perspectives in the future treatment of oral and neurological diseases.
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Affiliation(s)
- Chao Yang
- Research and Development Department, Shenzhen Uni-medica Technology Co., Ltd, Shenzhen 518051, Guangdong Province, China
- Department of Stomatology, The People’s Hospital of Longhua, Shenzhen 518109, Guangdong Province, China
| | - Xin-Ya Du
- Department of Stomatology, The People’s Hospital of Longhua, Shenzhen 518109, Guangdong Province, China
| | - Wen Luo
- Department of Stomatology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Hainan Medical University, Haikou 570102, Hainan Province, China
- School of Stomatology, Hainan Medical University, Haikou 571199, Hainan Province, China
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239
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Yu S, Zheng Y, Guo Q, Li W, Ye L, Gao B. Mechanism of Pulp Regeneration Based on Concentrated Growth Factors Regulating Cell Differentiation. Bioengineering (Basel) 2023; 10:bioengineering10050513. [PMID: 37237583 DOI: 10.3390/bioengineering10050513] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/14/2023] [Revised: 04/20/2023] [Accepted: 04/20/2023] [Indexed: 05/28/2023] Open
Abstract
Concentrated growth factors (CGF) is the newest generation platelet concentrate product, which has been reported to promote the proliferation and differentiation of human dental pulp cells (hDPCs). However, the effect of liquid phase of CGF (LPCGF) has not been reported. This study was aimed to evaluate the influence of LPCGF on the biological properties of hDPCs, and to explore the in vivo mechanism of dental pulp regeneration based on the hDPCs-LPCGF complex transplantation. It was found that LPCGF could promote the proliferation, migration and odontogenic differentiation of hDPCs, and 25% LPCGF induced the most mineralization nodule formation and the highest DSPP gene expression. The heterotopic transplantation of the hDPCs-LPCGF complex resulted in the formation of regenerative pulp tissue with newly formed dentin, neovascularization and nerve-like tissue. Together, these findings provide key data on the effect of LPCGF on the proliferation, migration, odontogenic/osteogenic differentiation of hDPCs, and the in vivo mechanism of hDPCs-LPCGF complex autologous transplantation in pulp regeneration therapy.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sijing Yu
- State Key Laboratory of Oral Diseases, National Clinical Research Center for Oral Diseases, Department of Cariology and Endodontics, West China Hospital of Stomatology, Sichuan University, Chengdu 610041, China
| | - Yi Zheng
- State Key Laboratory of Oral Diseases, National Clinical Research Center for Oral Diseases, Department of Cariology and Endodontics, West China Hospital of Stomatology, Sichuan University, Chengdu 610041, China
| | - Qiang Guo
- State Key Laboratory of Oral Diseases, National Clinical Research Center for Oral Diseases, West China Hospital of Stomatology, Sichuan University, Chengdu 610041, China
| | - Wenxu Li
- State Key Laboratory of Oral Diseases, National Clinical Research Center for Oral Diseases, Department of Cariology and Endodontics, West China Hospital of Stomatology, Sichuan University, Chengdu 610041, China
| | - Ling Ye
- State Key Laboratory of Oral Diseases, National Clinical Research Center for Oral Diseases, Department of Cariology and Endodontics, West China Hospital of Stomatology, Sichuan University, Chengdu 610041, China
| | - Bo Gao
- State Key Laboratory of Oral Diseases, National Clinical Research Center for Oral Diseases, Department of Cariology and Endodontics, West China Hospital of Stomatology, Sichuan University, Chengdu 610041, China
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Carvalho S, Santos JI, Moreira L, Gonçalves M, David H, Matos L, Encarnação M, Alves S, Coutinho MF. Neurological Disease Modeling Using Pluripotent and Multipotent Stem Cells: A Key Step towards Understanding and Treating Mucopolysaccharidoses. Biomedicines 2023; 11:biomedicines11041234. [PMID: 37189853 DOI: 10.3390/biomedicines11041234] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/08/2023] [Revised: 04/18/2023] [Accepted: 04/19/2023] [Indexed: 05/17/2023] Open
Abstract
Despite extensive research, the links between the accumulation of glycosaminoglycans (GAGs) and the clinical features seen in patients suffering from various forms of mucopolysaccharidoses (MPSs) have yet to be further elucidated. This is particularly true for the neuropathology of these disorders; the neurological symptoms are currently incurable, even in the cases where a disease-specific therapeutic approach does exist. One of the best ways to get insights on the molecular mechanisms driving that pathogenesis is the analysis of patient-derived cells. Yet, not every patient-derived cell recapitulates relevant disease features. For the neuronopathic forms of MPSs, for example, this is particularly evident because of the obvious inability to access live neurons. This scenario changed significantly with the advent of induced pluripotent stem cell (iPSC) technologies. From then on, a series of differentiation protocols to generate neurons from iPSC was developed and extensively used for disease modeling. Currently, human iPSC and iPSC-derived cell models have been generated for several MPSs and numerous lessons were learnt from their analysis. Here we review most of those studies, not only listing the currently available MPS iPSC lines and their derived models, but also summarizing how they were generated and the major information different groups have gathered from their analyses. Finally, and taking into account that iPSC generation is a laborious/expensive protocol that holds significant limitations, we also hypothesize on a tempting alternative to establish MPS patient-derived neuronal cells in a much more expedite way, by taking advantage of the existence of a population of multipotent stem cells in human dental pulp to establish mixed neuronal and glial cultures.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sofia Carvalho
- Research and Development Unit, Department of Human Genetics, National Institute of Health Doutor Ricardo Jorge, INSA I.P., Rua Alexandre Herculano, 321, 4000-055 Porto, Portugal
- Center for the Study of Animal Science-Instituto de Ciências, Tecnologias e Agroambiente da Universidade do Porto, CECA-ICETA, University of Porto, Praça Gomes Teixeira, Apartado 55142, 4051-401 Porto, Portugal
- Associate Laboratory for Animal and Veterinary Sciences, AL4AnimalS, Faculdade de Medicina Veterinária Avenida da Universidade Técnica, 1300-477 Lisboa, Portugal
- Faculty of Pharmacy, University of Coimbra, Polo das Ciências da Saúde, Azinhaga de SantaComba, 3000-548 Coimbra, Portugal
| | - Juliana Inês Santos
- Research and Development Unit, Department of Human Genetics, National Institute of Health Doutor Ricardo Jorge, INSA I.P., Rua Alexandre Herculano, 321, 4000-055 Porto, Portugal
- Center for the Study of Animal Science-Instituto de Ciências, Tecnologias e Agroambiente da Universidade do Porto, CECA-ICETA, University of Porto, Praça Gomes Teixeira, Apartado 55142, 4051-401 Porto, Portugal
- Associate Laboratory for Animal and Veterinary Sciences, AL4AnimalS, Faculdade de Medicina Veterinária Avenida da Universidade Técnica, 1300-477 Lisboa, Portugal
- Biology Department, Faculty of Sciences, University of Porto, Rua do Campo Alegre, 4169-007 Porto, Portugal
| | - Luciana Moreira
- Research and Development Unit, Department of Human Genetics, National Institute of Health Doutor Ricardo Jorge, INSA I.P., Rua Alexandre Herculano, 321, 4000-055 Porto, Portugal
- Center for the Study of Animal Science-Instituto de Ciências, Tecnologias e Agroambiente da Universidade do Porto, CECA-ICETA, University of Porto, Praça Gomes Teixeira, Apartado 55142, 4051-401 Porto, Portugal
- Associate Laboratory for Animal and Veterinary Sciences, AL4AnimalS, Faculdade de Medicina Veterinária Avenida da Universidade Técnica, 1300-477 Lisboa, Portugal
| | - Mariana Gonçalves
- Research and Development Unit, Department of Human Genetics, National Institute of Health Doutor Ricardo Jorge, INSA I.P., Rua Alexandre Herculano, 321, 4000-055 Porto, Portugal
- Center for the Study of Animal Science-Instituto de Ciências, Tecnologias e Agroambiente da Universidade do Porto, CECA-ICETA, University of Porto, Praça Gomes Teixeira, Apartado 55142, 4051-401 Porto, Portugal
- Associate Laboratory for Animal and Veterinary Sciences, AL4AnimalS, Faculdade de Medicina Veterinária Avenida da Universidade Técnica, 1300-477 Lisboa, Portugal
- Centre for the Research and Technology of Agro-Environmental and Biological Sciences, CITAB, Inov4Agro, University of Trás-os-Montes and Alto Douro, 5000-801 Vila Real, Portugal
| | - Hugo David
- Research and Development Unit, Department of Human Genetics, National Institute of Health Doutor Ricardo Jorge, INSA I.P., Rua Alexandre Herculano, 321, 4000-055 Porto, Portugal
- Center for the Study of Animal Science-Instituto de Ciências, Tecnologias e Agroambiente da Universidade do Porto, CECA-ICETA, University of Porto, Praça Gomes Teixeira, Apartado 55142, 4051-401 Porto, Portugal
- Associate Laboratory for Animal and Veterinary Sciences, AL4AnimalS, Faculdade de Medicina Veterinária Avenida da Universidade Técnica, 1300-477 Lisboa, Portugal
- Biology Department, Faculty of Sciences, University of Porto, Rua do Campo Alegre, 4169-007 Porto, Portugal
| | - Liliana Matos
- Research and Development Unit, Department of Human Genetics, National Institute of Health Doutor Ricardo Jorge, INSA I.P., Rua Alexandre Herculano, 321, 4000-055 Porto, Portugal
- Center for the Study of Animal Science-Instituto de Ciências, Tecnologias e Agroambiente da Universidade do Porto, CECA-ICETA, University of Porto, Praça Gomes Teixeira, Apartado 55142, 4051-401 Porto, Portugal
- Associate Laboratory for Animal and Veterinary Sciences, AL4AnimalS, Faculdade de Medicina Veterinária Avenida da Universidade Técnica, 1300-477 Lisboa, Portugal
| | - Marisa Encarnação
- Research and Development Unit, Department of Human Genetics, National Institute of Health Doutor Ricardo Jorge, INSA I.P., Rua Alexandre Herculano, 321, 4000-055 Porto, Portugal
- Center for the Study of Animal Science-Instituto de Ciências, Tecnologias e Agroambiente da Universidade do Porto, CECA-ICETA, University of Porto, Praça Gomes Teixeira, Apartado 55142, 4051-401 Porto, Portugal
- Associate Laboratory for Animal and Veterinary Sciences, AL4AnimalS, Faculdade de Medicina Veterinária Avenida da Universidade Técnica, 1300-477 Lisboa, Portugal
| | - Sandra Alves
- Research and Development Unit, Department of Human Genetics, National Institute of Health Doutor Ricardo Jorge, INSA I.P., Rua Alexandre Herculano, 321, 4000-055 Porto, Portugal
- Center for the Study of Animal Science-Instituto de Ciências, Tecnologias e Agroambiente da Universidade do Porto, CECA-ICETA, University of Porto, Praça Gomes Teixeira, Apartado 55142, 4051-401 Porto, Portugal
- Associate Laboratory for Animal and Veterinary Sciences, AL4AnimalS, Faculdade de Medicina Veterinária Avenida da Universidade Técnica, 1300-477 Lisboa, Portugal
| | - Maria Francisca Coutinho
- Research and Development Unit, Department of Human Genetics, National Institute of Health Doutor Ricardo Jorge, INSA I.P., Rua Alexandre Herculano, 321, 4000-055 Porto, Portugal
- Center for the Study of Animal Science-Instituto de Ciências, Tecnologias e Agroambiente da Universidade do Porto, CECA-ICETA, University of Porto, Praça Gomes Teixeira, Apartado 55142, 4051-401 Porto, Portugal
- Associate Laboratory for Animal and Veterinary Sciences, AL4AnimalS, Faculdade de Medicina Veterinária Avenida da Universidade Técnica, 1300-477 Lisboa, Portugal
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Uribe-Etxebarria V, Pineda JR, García-Gallastegi P, Agliano A, Unda F, Ibarretxe G. Notch and Wnt Signaling Modulation to Enhance DPSC Stemness and Therapeutic Potential. Int J Mol Sci 2023; 24:ijms24087389. [PMID: 37108549 PMCID: PMC10138690 DOI: 10.3390/ijms24087389] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/27/2023] [Revised: 04/16/2023] [Accepted: 04/16/2023] [Indexed: 04/29/2023] Open
Abstract
The Dental Pulp of permanent human teeth is home to stem cells with remarkable multilineage differentiation ability: human Dental Pulp Stem Cells (DPSCs). These cells display a very notorious expression of pluripotency core factors, and the ability to give rise to mature cell lineages belonging to the three embryonic layers. For these reasons, several researchers in the field have long considered human DPSCs as pluripotent-like cells. Notably, some signaling pathways such as Notch and Wnt contribute to maintaining the stemness of these cells through a complex network involving metabolic and epigenetic regulatory mechanisms. The use of recombinant proteins and selective pharmacological modulators of Notch and Wnt pathways, together with serum-free media and appropriate scaffolds that allow the maintenance of the non-differentiated state of hDPSC cultures could be an interesting approach to optimize the potency of these stem cells, without a need for genetic modification. In this review, we describe and integrate findings that shed light on the mechanisms responsible for stemness maintenance of hDPSCs, and how these are regulated by Notch/Wnt activation, drawing some interesting parallelisms with pluripotent stem cells. We summarize previous work on the stem cell field that includes interactions between epigenetics, metabolic regulations, and pluripotency core factor expression in hDPSCs and other stem cell types.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Jose Ramon Pineda
- Cell Biology and Histology Department, University of the Basque Country (UPV/EHU), Barrio Sarriena s/n, 48940 Leioa, Spain
- Achucarro Basque Center for Neuroscience Fundazioa Leioa, Sede Building, 3rd Floor, 48940 Leioa, Spain
| | - Patricia García-Gallastegi
- Physiology Department, University of the Basque Country (UPV/EHU), Barrio Sarriena s/n, 48940 Leioa, Spain
| | - Alice Agliano
- Division of Radiotherapy and Imaging, Cancer Research UK Cancer Imaging Centre, The Institute of Cancer Research and The Royal Marsden NHS Foundation Trust, London SW7 3RP, UK
- Department of Materials and Department of Bioengineering, Institute of Biomedical Engineering, Imperial College London, Exhibition Road, London SW7 2AZ, UK
| | - Fernando Unda
- Cell Biology and Histology Department, University of the Basque Country (UPV/EHU), Barrio Sarriena s/n, 48940 Leioa, Spain
| | - Gaskon Ibarretxe
- Cell Biology and Histology Department, University of the Basque Country (UPV/EHU), Barrio Sarriena s/n, 48940 Leioa, Spain
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Li B, Liang A, Zhou Y, Huang Y, Liao C, Zhang X, Gong Q. Hypoxia preconditioned DPSC-derived exosomes regulate angiogenesis via transferring LOXL2. Exp Cell Res 2023; 425:113543. [PMID: 36894050 DOI: 10.1016/j.yexcr.2023.113543] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/08/2022] [Revised: 02/27/2023] [Accepted: 03/06/2023] [Indexed: 03/09/2023]
Abstract
Hypoxia was proved to enhance the angiogenesis of stem cells. However, the mechanism of the angiogenic potential in hypoxia-pretreated dental pulp stem cells (DPSCs) is poorly understood. We previously confirmed that hypoxia enhances the angiogenic potential of DPSC-derived exosomes with upregulation of lysyl oxidase-like 2 (LOXL2). Therefore, our study aimed to illuminate whether these exosomes promote angiogenesis via transfer of LOXL2. Exosomes were generated from hypoxia-pretreated DPSCs (Hypo-Exos) stably silencing LOXL2 after lentiviral transfection and characterized with transmission electron microscopy, nanosight and Western blot. The efficiency of silencing was verified using quantitative real-time PCR (qRT-PCR) and Western blot. CCK-8, scratch and transwell assays were conducted to explore the effects of LOXL2 silencing on DPSCs proliferation and migration. Human umbilical vein endothelial cells (HUVECs) were co-incubated with exosomes to assess the migration and angiogenic capacity through transwell and matrigel tube formation assays. The relative expression of angiogenesis-associated genes was characterized by qRT-PCR and Western blot. LOXL2 was successfully silenced in DPSCs and inhibited DPSC proliferation and migration. LOXL2 silencing in Hypo-Exos partially reduced promotion of HUVEC migration and tube formation and inhibited the expression of angiogenesis-associated genes. Thus, LOXL2 is one of various factors mediating the angiogenic effects of Hypo-Exos.
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Affiliation(s)
- Baoyu Li
- Hospital of Stomatology, Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou, 510055, China; Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Stomatology, Guangzhou, 510080, China; Guanghua School of Stomatology, Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou, 510055, China
| | - Ailin Liang
- Hospital of Stomatology, Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou, 510055, China; Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Stomatology, Guangzhou, 510080, China; Guanghua School of Stomatology, Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou, 510055, China
| | - Yanling Zhou
- Hospital of Stomatology, Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou, 510055, China; Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Stomatology, Guangzhou, 510080, China; Guanghua School of Stomatology, Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou, 510055, China
| | - Yihua Huang
- Hospital of Stomatology, Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou, 510055, China; Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Stomatology, Guangzhou, 510080, China; Guanghua School of Stomatology, Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou, 510055, China
| | - Chenxi Liao
- Hospital of Stomatology, Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou, 510055, China; Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Stomatology, Guangzhou, 510080, China; Guanghua School of Stomatology, Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou, 510055, China
| | - Xufang Zhang
- Hospital of Stomatology, Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou, 510055, China; Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Stomatology, Guangzhou, 510080, China; Guanghua School of Stomatology, Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou, 510055, China.
| | - Qimei Gong
- Hospital of Stomatology, Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou, 510055, China; Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Stomatology, Guangzhou, 510080, China; Guanghua School of Stomatology, Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou, 510055, China.
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Ha YE, Ju So Y, Im J, Yun CH, Park JC, Hyun Han S. TLR3 recognition of viral double-stranded RNA in human dental pulp cells is important for the innate immunity. Int Immunopharmacol 2023; 119:110161. [PMID: 37060811 DOI: 10.1016/j.intimp.2023.110161] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/15/2022] [Revised: 03/31/2023] [Accepted: 04/04/2023] [Indexed: 04/17/2023]
Abstract
Dental caries or trauma can expose human dental pulp cells (DPCs) to various oral microorganisms, which play an important role in the development of an innate immune response. In the present study, we examined the expression of Toll-like receptors (TLRs) for sensing microbe-associated molecular patterns in human DPCs. Interestingly, real-time PCR analysis demonstrated that TLR3 is the most highly expressed among 10 different TLRs in human DPCs. Poly(I:C), a representative TLR3 ligand mimicking viral double-stranded RNA, potently induced IL-8 expression in a time- and dose-dependent manner. Concordantly, poly(I:C) treatment substantially increased the expression of pro-inflammatory cytokines and chemokines such as IL-6, CCL2, and CXCL10. Human DPCs transfected with TLR3 siRNA exhibited decreased IL-8 production compared with non-targeting siRNA-transfected cells, suggesting that the expression of poly(I:C)-induced inflammatory cytokines is dependent on TLR3. IL-8 secretion induced by poly(I:C) was down-regulated by MAP kinase inhibitors, indicating that the MAP kinase pathway contributes to IL-8 production. Furthermore, C/EBPβ and NF-κB were essential transcriptional factors for poly(I:C)-induced IL-8 expression, as demonstrated by the transient transfection and reporter gene assay. Since lipoproteins are known as major immunostimulatory components of bacteria, human DPCs were treated with poly(I:C) together with Pam2CSK4, a synthetic lipopeptide mimicking bacterial lipoproteins. Pam2CSK4 and poly(I:C) co-treatment synergistically increased IL-8 production in comparison to Pam2CSK4 or poly(I:C) alone, implying that co-infection of viruses and bacteria can synergistically induce inflammatory responses in the dental pulp. Taken together, these results suggest that human DPCs potentially sense and respond to viral double-stranded RNAs, leading to effective induction of innate immune responses.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ye-Eun Ha
- Department of Oral Microbiology and Immunology, and Dental Research Institute, School of Dentistry, Seoul National University, Seoul 08826, Republic of Korea
| | - Yoon Ju So
- Department of Oral Microbiology and Immunology, and Dental Research Institute, School of Dentistry, Seoul National University, Seoul 08826, Republic of Korea
| | - Jintaek Im
- Department of Oral Microbiology and Immunology, and Dental Research Institute, School of Dentistry, Seoul National University, Seoul 08826, Republic of Korea
| | - Cheol-Heui Yun
- Department of Agricultural Biotechnology, and Research Institute of Agriculture and Life Sciences, Seoul National University, Seoul 08826, Republic of Korea
| | - Joo-Cheol Park
- Department of Oral Histology and Developmental Biology, and Dental Research Institute, School of Dentistry, Seoul National University, Seoul 08826, Republic of Korea
| | - Seung Hyun Han
- Department of Oral Microbiology and Immunology, and Dental Research Institute, School of Dentistry, Seoul National University, Seoul 08826, Republic of Korea.
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Hojjat A, Mansour RN, Enderami SE, Hassannia H, Mahdavi M, Mellati A, Mehdipour Chari K, Salarinia R, Saburi E. The differentiation and generation of glucose-sensitive beta like-cells from menstrual blood-derived stem cells using an optimized differentiation medium with platelet-rich plasma (PRP). Acta Histochem 2023; 125:152025. [PMID: 37058856 DOI: 10.1016/j.acthis.2023.152025] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/11/2023] [Revised: 03/27/2023] [Accepted: 03/27/2023] [Indexed: 04/16/2023]
Abstract
Regarding their reversible damage of insulin-producing cells (IPCs) and the inefficiency of treatment methods for type 1 diabetes mellitus (T1DM), scientists decided to produce IPCs from an unlimited source of cells. But the production of these cells is constantly faced with problems such as low differentiation efficiency in cell therapy and regenerative medicine. This study provided an ideal differentiation medium enriched with plasma-rich platelet (PRP) delivery to produce IPCs from menstrual blood-derived stem cells (MenSCs). We compared them with and without PRP differentiation medium. MenSCs were then cultured in two experimental groups: with/without PRP differentiation medium and a control group (undifferentiated MenSCs). After 18 days, differentiated cells were analyzed for expression of pancreatic gene markers by real-time PCR. Immunocytochemical staining was used to detect the presence of insulin and Pdx-1 in the differentiated cells, and insulin and C-peptide secretion response to glucose were tested by ELISA. Finally, the morphology of differentiated cells was examined by an inverted microscope. In vitro studies showed that MenSCs differentiated in the PRP differentiation medium had strong properties of IPCs such as pancreatic islet-like structure. The expression of pancreatic markers at both RNA and protein levels showed that the differentiation efficiency was higher in the PRP differentiation medium. In both experimental groups, the differentiated cells were functional and secreted C-peptide and insulin on glucose stimulation, but the secretion of C-peptide and insulin in the PRP group was higher than those cultured in the without PRP differentiation medium. Our findings showed that using of PRP enriched differentiation medium can promote the differentiation of MenSCs into IPCs compared to the without PRP culture group. Therefore, the use of PRP into differentiation media can be proposed as a new approach to producing IPCs from MenSCs and used in cell-based therapies for T1DM.
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Affiliation(s)
- Atefeh Hojjat
- Department of Medical Biotechnology, School of Advanced Technologies in Medicine, Mazandaran University of Medical Sciences, Sari, Islamic Republic of Iran
| | - Reyhaneh Nassiri Mansour
- Student Research Committee, Mazandaran University of Medical Sciences, Sari, Islamic Republic of Iran
| | - Seyed Ehsan Enderami
- Immunogenetics Research Center, Department of Medical Biotechnology, School of Advanced Technologies in Medicine, Mazandaran University of Medical Sciences, Sari, Islamic Republic of Iran.
| | - Hadi Hassannia
- Immunogenetics Research Center, Department of Medical Biotechnology, School of Advanced Technologies in Medicine, Mazandaran University of Medical Sciences, Sari, Islamic Republic of Iran
| | - Mohammadreza Mahdavi
- Thalassemia Research Center (TRC), Hemoglobinopathy Institute, Mazandaran University of Medical Sciences, Sari, Mazandaran, Islamic Republic of Iran
| | - Amir Mellati
- Department of Tissue Engineering, School of Advanced Technologies in Medicine, Mazandaran University of Medical Sciences, Sari, Islamic Republic of Iran
| | - Kayvan Mehdipour Chari
- Department of Medical Biotechnology, School of Advanced Technologies in Medicine, Mazandaran University of Medical Sciences, Sari, Islamic Republic of Iran
| | - Reza Salarinia
- Department of Advanced Sciences and Technologies, School of Medicine, North Khorasan University of Sciences, Bojnurd, Islamic Republic of Iran
| | - Ehsan Saburi
- Medical Genetics and Molecular Medicine Department, School of Medicine, Mashhad University of Medical Sciences, Mashhad, Islamic Republic of Iran
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Iranmanesh P, Vedaei A, Salehi-Mazandarani S, Nikpour P, Khazaei S, Khademi A, Galler KM, Nekoofar MH, Dummer PMH. MicroRNAs-mediated regulation of the differentiation of dental pulp-derived mesenchymal stem cells: a systematic review and bioinformatic analysis. Stem Cell Res Ther 2023; 14:76. [PMID: 37038220 PMCID: PMC10088330 DOI: 10.1186/s13287-023-03289-5] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/02/2022] [Accepted: 03/16/2023] [Indexed: 04/12/2023] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Human dental pulp-derived mesenchymal stem cells (hDP-MSCs), which include human dental pulp stem cells (hDPSCs) and stem cells from human exfoliated deciduous teeth (SHEDs), are promising cell sources for regenerative therapies. Nevertheless, a lack of knowledge relating to the mechanisms regulating their differentiation has limited their clinical application. microRNAs (miRNAs) are important regulatory molecules in cellular processes including cell differentiation. This systematic review aims to provide a panel of miRNAs that regulate the differentiation of hDP-MSCs including hDPSCs and SHEDs. Additionally, bioinformatic analyses were conducted to discover target genes, signaling pathways and gene ontologies associated with the identified miRNAs. METHODS A literature search was performed in MEDLINE (via PubMed), Web of Science, Scopus, Embase and Cochrane Library. Experimental studies assessing the promotive/suppressive effect of miRNAs on the differentiation of hDP-MSCs and studies evaluating changes to the expression of miRNAs during the differentiation of hDP-MSCs were included. miRNAs involved in odontogenic/osteogenic differentiation were then included in a bioinformatic analysis. A miRNA-mRNA network was constructed, and Gene Ontology and Kyoto Encyclopedia of Genes and Genomes (KEGG) pathway analyses were performed. A protein-protein interaction (PPI) network was also constructed. RESULTS Of 766 initially identified records through database searching, 42 and 36 studies were included in qualitative synthesis and bioinformatic analyses, respectively. Thirteen miRNAs promoted and 17 suppressed odontogenic/osteogenic differentiation of hDP-MSCs. hsa-miR-140-5p, hsa-miR-218 and hsa-miR-143 were more frequently reported suppressing the odontogenic/osteogenic differentiation of hDP-MSCs. hsa-miR-221 and hsa-miR-124 promoted and hsa-miR-140-5p inhibited neuronal differentiation, hsa-miR-26a-5p promoted and hsa-miR-424 suppressed angiogenic differentiation, and hsa-miR-135 and hsa-miR-143 inhibited differentiation within myogenic lineages. A miRNA-mRNA network including 1890 nodes and 2171 edges was constructed. KEGG pathway analysis revealed MAPK, PI3K-Akt and FoxO as key signaling pathways involved in the odontogenic/osteogenic differentiation of hDP-MSCs. CONCLUSIONS The findings of this systematic review support the potential application of the specific miRNAs to regulate the directed differentiation of hDP-MSCs in the field of regenerative therapies.
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Affiliation(s)
- Pedram Iranmanesh
- Dental Research Center, Department of Endodontics, Dental Research Institute, School of Dentistry, Isfahan University of Medical Sciences, Isfahan, Iran
| | - Amirhossein Vedaei
- Student Research Committee, School of Dentistry, Isfahan University of Medical Sciences, Isfahan, Iran
| | - Sadra Salehi-Mazandarani
- Department of Genetics and Molecular Biology, Faculty of Medicine, Isfahan University of Medical Sciences, Isfahan, Iran
| | - Parvaneh Nikpour
- Department of Genetics and Molecular Biology, Faculty of Medicine, Isfahan University of Medical Sciences, Isfahan, Iran
| | - Saber Khazaei
- Department of Endodontics, School of Dentistry, Kermanshah University of Medical Sciences, Kermanshah, Iran
| | - Abbasali Khademi
- Dental Research Center, Department of Endodontics, Dental Research Institute, School of Dentistry, Isfahan University of Medical Sciences, Isfahan, Iran
| | - Kerstin M. Galler
- Department of Conservative Dentistry and Periodontology, University Hospital Erlangen, Erlangen, Germany
| | - Mohammad-Hossein Nekoofar
- Department of Endodontics, School of Dentistry, Tehran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
- Department of Tissue Engineering, School of Advanced Technologies in Medicine, Tehran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
- Department of Endodontics, Bahçeşehir University School of Dentistry, Istanbul, Turkey
| | - Paul M. H. Dummer
- School of Dentistry, College of Biomedical and Life Sciences, Cardiff University, Cardiff, UK
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Pan Y, Liu Y, Cui D, Yu S, Zhou Y, Zhou X, Du W, Zheng L, Wan M. METTL3 enhances dentinogenesis differentiation of dental pulp stem cells via increasing GDF6 and STC1 mRNA stability. BMC Oral Health 2023; 23:209. [PMID: 37041485 PMCID: PMC10088233 DOI: 10.1186/s12903-023-02836-z] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/12/2023] [Accepted: 02/23/2023] [Indexed: 04/13/2023] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND The dentinogenesis differentiation of dental pulp stem cells (DPSCs) is controlled by the spatio-temporal expression of differentiation related genes. RNA N6-methyladenosine (m6A) methylation, one of the most abundant internal epigenetic modification in mRNA, influences various events in RNA processing, stem cell pluripotency and differentiation. Methyltransferase like 3 (METTL3), one of the essential regulators, involves in the process of dentin formation and root development, while mechanism of METTL3-mediated RNA m6A methylation in DPSC dentinogenesis differentiation is still unclear. METHODS Immunofluorescence staining and MeRIP-seq were performed to establish m6A modification profile in dentinogenesis differentiation. Lentivirus were used to knockdown or overexpression of METTL3. The dentinogenesis differentiation was analyzed by alkaline phosphatase, alizarin red staining and real time RT-PCR. RNA stability assay was determined by actinomycin D. A direct pulp capping model was established with rat molars to reveal the role of METTL3 in tertiary dentin formation. RESULTS Dynamic characteristics of RNA m6A methylation in dentinogenesis differentiation were demonstrated by MeRIP-seq. Methyltransferases (METTL3 and METTL14) and demethylases (FTO and ALKBH5) were gradually up-regulated during dentinogenesis process. Methyltransferase METTL3 was selected for further study. Knockdown of METTL3 impaired the DPSCs dentinogenesis differentiation, and overexpression of METTL3 promoted the differentiation. METTL3-mediated m6A regulated the mRNA stabiliy of GDF6 and STC1. Furthermore, overexpression of METTL3 promoted tertiary dentin formation in direct pulp capping model. CONCLUSION The modification of m6A showed dynamic characteristics during DPSCs dentinogenesis differentiation. METTL3-mediated m6A regulated in dentinogenesis differentiation through affecting the mRNA stability of GDF6 and STC1. METTL3 overexpression promoted tertiary dentin formation in vitro, suggesting its promising application in vital pulp therapy (VPT).
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Affiliation(s)
- Yue Pan
- State Key Laboratory of Oral Diseases, National Clinical Research Center for Oral Diseases, Department of Pediatric Dentistry, West China Hospital of Stomatology, Sichuan University, Chengdu, Sichuan, China
| | - Ying Liu
- Shenzhen Stomatology Hospital (Pingshan) of Southern Medical University, Shenzhen, Guangdong, China
| | - Dixin Cui
- State Key Laboratory of Oral Diseases, National Clinical Research Center for Oral Diseases, Department of Pediatric Dentistry, West China Hospital of Stomatology, Sichuan University, Chengdu, Sichuan, China
| | - Sihan Yu
- State Key Laboratory of Oral Diseases, National Clinical Research Center for Oral Diseases, Department of Pediatric Dentistry, West China Hospital of Stomatology, Sichuan University, Chengdu, Sichuan, China
| | - Yachuan Zhou
- State Key Laboratory of Oral Diseases, National Clinical Research Center for Oral Diseases, Department of Cariology and Endodontics, West China Hospital of Stomatology, Sichuan University, Chengdu, Sichuan, China
| | - Xin Zhou
- State Key Laboratory of Oral Diseases, National Clinical Research Center for Oral Diseases, Department of Pediatric Dentistry, West China Hospital of Stomatology, Sichuan University, Chengdu, Sichuan, China
| | - Wei Du
- State Key Laboratory of Oral Diseases, National Clinical Research Center for Oral Diseases, Department of Cariology and Endodontics, West China Hospital of Stomatology, Sichuan University, Chengdu, Sichuan, China
| | - Liwei Zheng
- State Key Laboratory of Oral Diseases, National Clinical Research Center for Oral Diseases, Department of Pediatric Dentistry, West China Hospital of Stomatology, Sichuan University, Chengdu, Sichuan, China.
| | - Mian Wan
- State Key Laboratory of Oral Diseases, National Clinical Research Center for Oral Diseases, Department of Cariology and Endodontics, West China Hospital of Stomatology, Sichuan University, Chengdu, Sichuan, China.
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247
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Nijakowski K, Ortarzewska M, Jankowski J, Lehmann A, Surdacka A. The Role of Cellular Metabolism in Maintaining the Function of the Dentine-Pulp Complex: A Narrative Review. Metabolites 2023; 13:metabo13040520. [PMID: 37110177 PMCID: PMC10143950 DOI: 10.3390/metabo13040520] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/03/2023] [Revised: 04/04/2023] [Accepted: 04/04/2023] [Indexed: 04/29/2023] Open
Abstract
The cellular metabolic processes ensure the physiological integrity of the dentine-pulp complex. Odontoblasts and odontoblast-like cells are responsible for the defence mechanisms in the form of tertiary dentine formation. In turn, the main defence reaction of the pulp is the development of inflammation, during which the metabolic and signalling pathways of the cells are significantly altered. The selected dental procedures, such as orthodontic treatment, resin infiltration, resin restorations or dental bleaching, can impact the cellular metabolism in the dental pulp. Among systemic metabolic diseases, diabetes mellitus causes the most consequences for the cellular metabolism of the dentine-pulp complex. Similarly, ageing processes present a proven effect on the metabolic functioning of the odontoblasts and the pulp cells. In the literature, several potential metabolic mediators demonstrating anti-inflammatory properties on inflamed dental pulp are mentioned. Moreover, the pulp stem cells exhibit the regenerative potential essential for maintaining the function of the dentine-pulp complex.
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Affiliation(s)
- Kacper Nijakowski
- Department of Conservative Dentistry and Endodontics, Poznan University of Medical Sciences, 60-812 Poznan, Poland
| | - Martyna Ortarzewska
- Department of Conservative Dentistry and Endodontics, Poznan University of Medical Sciences, 60-812 Poznan, Poland
| | - Jakub Jankowski
- Student's Scientific Group in the Department of Conservative Dentistry and Endodontics, Poznan University of Medical Sciences, 60-812 Poznan, Poland
| | - Anna Lehmann
- Department of Conservative Dentistry and Endodontics, Poznan University of Medical Sciences, 60-812 Poznan, Poland
| | - Anna Surdacka
- Department of Conservative Dentistry and Endodontics, Poznan University of Medical Sciences, 60-812 Poznan, Poland
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248
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Dvorakova J, Wiesnerova L, Chocholata P, Kulda V, Landsmann L, Cedikova M, Kripnerova M, Eberlova L, Babuska V. Human cells with osteogenic potential in bone tissue research. Biomed Eng Online 2023; 22:33. [PMID: 37013601 PMCID: PMC10069154 DOI: 10.1186/s12938-023-01096-w] [Citation(s) in RCA: 16] [Impact Index Per Article: 16.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/04/2022] [Accepted: 03/24/2023] [Indexed: 04/05/2023] Open
Abstract
Bone regeneration after injury or after surgical bone removal due to disease is a serious medical challenge. A variety of materials are being tested to replace a missing bone or tooth. Regeneration requires cells capable of proliferation and differentiation in bone tissue. Although there are many possible human cell types available for use as a model for each phase of this process, no cell type is ideal for each phase. Osteosarcoma cells are preferred for initial adhesion assays due to their easy cultivation and fast proliferation, but they are not suitable for subsequent differentiation testing due to their cancer origin and genetic differences from normal bone tissue. Mesenchymal stem cells are more suitable for biocompatibility testing, because they mimic natural conditions in healthy bone, but they proliferate more slowly, soon undergo senescence, and some subpopulations may exhibit weak osteodifferentiation. Primary human osteoblasts provide relevant results in evaluating the effect of biomaterials on cellular activity; however, their resources are limited for the same reasons, like for mesenchymal stem cells. This review article provides an overview of cell models for biocompatibility testing of materials used in bone tissue research.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jana Dvorakova
- Department of Medical Chemistry and Biochemistry, Faculty of Medicine in Pilsen, Charles University, Alej Svobody 1655/76, 323 00, Plzen, Czech Republic
| | - Lucie Wiesnerova
- Department of Medical Chemistry and Biochemistry, Faculty of Medicine in Pilsen, Charles University, Alej Svobody 1655/76, 323 00, Plzen, Czech Republic
| | - Petra Chocholata
- Department of Medical Chemistry and Biochemistry, Faculty of Medicine in Pilsen, Charles University, Alej Svobody 1655/76, 323 00, Plzen, Czech Republic
| | - Vlastimil Kulda
- Department of Medical Chemistry and Biochemistry, Faculty of Medicine in Pilsen, Charles University, Alej Svobody 1655/76, 323 00, Plzen, Czech Republic
| | - Lukas Landsmann
- Department of Medical Chemistry and Biochemistry, Faculty of Medicine in Pilsen, Charles University, Alej Svobody 1655/76, 323 00, Plzen, Czech Republic
| | - Miroslava Cedikova
- Biomedical Center, Laboratory of Tumor Biology and Immunotherapy, Faculty of Medicine in Pilsen, Charles University, Alej Svobody 1655/76, 323 00, Plzen, Czech Republic
| | - Michaela Kripnerova
- Department of Biology, Faculty of Medicine in Pilsen, Charles University, Alej Svobody 1655/76, 323 00, Plzen, Czech Republic
| | - Lada Eberlova
- Department of Anatomy, Faculty of Medicine in Pilsen, Charles University, Alej Svobody 1655/76, 323 00, Plzen, Czech Republic
| | - Vaclav Babuska
- Department of Medical Chemistry and Biochemistry, Faculty of Medicine in Pilsen, Charles University, Alej Svobody 1655/76, 323 00, Plzen, Czech Republic.
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249
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Li M, Wang Y, Xue J, Xu Q, Zhang Y, Liu J, Xu H, Guan Z, Bian C, Zhang G, Yu Y. Baicalin can enhance odonto/osteogenic differentiation of inflammatory dental pulp stem cells by inhibiting the NF-κB and β-catenin/Wnt signaling pathways. Mol Biol Rep 2023; 50:4435-4446. [PMID: 37009956 PMCID: PMC10068215 DOI: 10.1007/s11033-023-08398-1] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/05/2023] [Accepted: 03/21/2023] [Indexed: 04/04/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Scutellaria baicalensis Georgi is a famous traditional Chinese medicine, which is widely used in treating fever, upper respiratory tract infection and other diseases. Pharmacology study showed it can exhibit anti-bacterial, anti-inflammation and analgesic effects. In this study, we investigated the effect of baicalin on the odonto/osteogenic differentiation of inflammatory dental pulp stem cells (iDPSCs). METHODS AND RESULTS iDPSCs were isolated from the inflamed pulps collected from pulpitis. The proliferation of iDPSCs was detected by 3-(4,5-dimethylthiazol-2-yl)-2,5-diphenyl-2,5-tetrazolium bromide (MTT) assay and flow cytometry. Alkaline phosphatase (ALP) activity assay, alizarin red staining, Real-time reverse transcription-polymerase chain reaction (RT-PCR) and Western blot assay were conducted to examine the differentiation potency along with the involvement of nuclear factor kappa B(NF-κB) and β-catenin/Wnt signaling pathway. MTT assay and cell-cycle analysis demonstrated that baicalin had no influence on the proliferation of iDPSCs. ALP activity assay and alizarin red staining demonstrated that baicalin could obviously enhance ALP activity and calcified nodules formed in iDPSCs. RT-PCR and Western blot showed that the odonto/osteogenic markers were upregulated in baicalin-treated iDPSCs. Moreover, expression of cytoplastic phosphor-P65, nuclear P65, and β-catenin in iDPSCs was significantly increased compared with DPSCs, but the expression in baicalin-treated iDPSCs was inhibited. In addition, 20 µM Baicalin could accelerate odonto/osteogenic differentiation of iDPSCs via inhibition of NF-κB and β-catenin/Wnt signaling pathways. CONCLUSION Baicalin can promote odonto/osteogenic differentiation of iDPSCs through inhibition of NF-κB and β-catenin/Wnt pathways, thus providing direct evidence that baicalin may be effective in repairing pulp with early irreversible pulpitis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mengyuan Li
- Jiangsu Key Laboratory of Oral Diseases, Nanjing Medical University, Shang-Hai Road 1Th, Nanjing, 210029, Jiangsu, China
- Department of General Dentistry, Affiliated Hospital of Stomatology, Nanjing Medical University, Shang-Hai Road 1Th, Nanjing, Jiangsu, China
| | - Yumeng Wang
- Jiangsu Key Laboratory of Oral Diseases, Nanjing Medical University, Shang-Hai Road 1Th, Nanjing, 210029, Jiangsu, China
- Department of General Dentistry, Affiliated Hospital of Stomatology, Nanjing Medical University, Shang-Hai Road 1Th, Nanjing, Jiangsu, China
| | - Jing Xue
- Department of Critical Care, Changsha of Traditional Chinese Medicine Hospital, Changsha, Hunan, China
| | - Qingqing Xu
- Jiangsu Key Laboratory of Oral Diseases, Nanjing Medical University, Shang-Hai Road 1Th, Nanjing, 210029, Jiangsu, China
- Department of General Dentistry, Affiliated Hospital of Stomatology, Nanjing Medical University, Shang-Hai Road 1Th, Nanjing, Jiangsu, China
| | - Yuerong Zhang
- Jiangsu Key Laboratory of Oral Diseases, Nanjing Medical University, Shang-Hai Road 1Th, Nanjing, 210029, Jiangsu, China
- Department of General Dentistry, Affiliated Hospital of Stomatology, Nanjing Medical University, Shang-Hai Road 1Th, Nanjing, Jiangsu, China
| | - Jie Liu
- Jiangsu Key Laboratory of Oral Diseases, Nanjing Medical University, Shang-Hai Road 1Th, Nanjing, 210029, Jiangsu, China
- Department of General Dentistry, Affiliated Hospital of Stomatology, Nanjing Medical University, Shang-Hai Road 1Th, Nanjing, Jiangsu, China
| | - Hai Xu
- Jiangsu Key Laboratory of Oral Diseases, Nanjing Medical University, Shang-Hai Road 1Th, Nanjing, 210029, Jiangsu, China
- Department of Conservative Dentistry and Endodontics, Affiliated Hospital of Stomatology, Nanjing Medical University, Shang-Hai Road 1Th, Nanjing, Jiangsu, China
| | - Zhuo Guan
- Jiangsu Key Laboratory of Oral Diseases, Nanjing Medical University, Shang-Hai Road 1Th, Nanjing, 210029, Jiangsu, China
- Department of General Dentistry, Affiliated Hospital of Stomatology, Nanjing Medical University, Shang-Hai Road 1Th, Nanjing, Jiangsu, China
| | - Chengyue Bian
- Jiangsu Key Laboratory of Oral Diseases, Nanjing Medical University, Shang-Hai Road 1Th, Nanjing, 210029, Jiangsu, China
- Department of General Dentistry, Affiliated Hospital of Stomatology, Nanjing Medical University, Shang-Hai Road 1Th, Nanjing, Jiangsu, China
| | - Guangdong Zhang
- Jiangsu Key Laboratory of Oral Diseases, Nanjing Medical University, Shang-Hai Road 1Th, Nanjing, 210029, Jiangsu, China.
- Department of General Dentistry, Affiliated Hospital of Stomatology, Nanjing Medical University, Shang-Hai Road 1Th, Nanjing, Jiangsu, China.
| | - Yan Yu
- Jiangsu Key Laboratory of Oral Diseases, Nanjing Medical University, Shang-Hai Road 1Th, Nanjing, 210029, Jiangsu, China.
- Department of Conservative Dentistry and Endodontics, Affiliated Hospital of Stomatology, Nanjing Medical University, Shang-Hai Road 1Th, Nanjing, Jiangsu, China.
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250
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Sanz-Serrano D, Sánchez-de-Diego C, Mercade M, Ventura F. Dental Stem Cells SV40, a new cell line developed in vitro from human stem cells of the apical papilla. Int Endod J 2023; 56:502-513. [PMID: 36585930 DOI: 10.1111/iej.13887] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/04/2021] [Revised: 12/24/2022] [Accepted: 12/26/2022] [Indexed: 01/01/2023]
Abstract
AIM To establish and fully characterize a new cell line from human stem cells of the apical papilla (SCAPs) through immortalization with an SV40 large T antigen. METHODOLOGY Human SCAPs were isolated and transfected with an SV40 large T antigen and treated with puromycin to select the infected population. Expression of human mesenchymal surface markers CD73, CD90 and CD105 was assessed in the new cell line named Dental Stem Cells SV40 (DSCS) by flow cytometry at early and late passages. Cell contact inhibition and proliferation were also analysed. To evaluate trilineage differentiation, quantitative polymerase chain reaction and histological staining were performed. RESULTS DSCS cell flow cytometry confirmed the expression of mesenchymal surface markers even in late passages [100% positive for CD73 and CD90 and 98.9% for CD105 at passage (P) 25]. Fewer than 0.5% were positive for haematopoietic cell markers (CD45 and CD34). DSCS cells also showed increased proliferation when compared to the primary culture after 48 h, with a doubling time of 23.46 h for DSCS cells and 40.31 h for SCAPs, and retained the capacity to grow for >45 passages (150 population doubling) and their spindle-shaped morphology. Trilineage differentiation potential was confirmed through histochemical staining and gene expression of the chondrogenic markers SOX9 and COL2A1, adipogenic markers CEBPA and LPL, and osteogenic markers COL1A1 and ALPL. CONCLUSIONS The new cell line derived from human SCAPs has multipotency, retains its morphology and expression of mesenchymal surface markers and shows higher proliferative capacity even at late passages (P45). DSCS cells can be used for in vitro study of root development and to achieve a better understanding of the regenerative mechanisms.
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Affiliation(s)
- Diana Sanz-Serrano
- Department of Dentistry, Universitat de Barcelona, L'Hospitalet de Llobregat, Spain
| | - Cristina Sánchez-de-Diego
- Department of Biomedical Engineering, University of Wisconsin, Madison, Wisconsin, USA.,University of Wisconsin Carbone Cancer Center, Madison, Wisconsin, USA
| | - Montse Mercade
- Department of Dentistry, Universitat de Barcelona, IDIBELL, L'Hospitalet de Llobregat, Spain.,Researcher at IDIBELL Institute, L'Hospitalet de Llobregat, Spain
| | - Francesc Ventura
- Researcher at IDIBELL Institute, L'Hospitalet de Llobregat, Spain.,Departament de Ciències Fisiològiques, Universitat de Barcelona, IDIBELL, L'Hospitalet de Llobregat, Spain
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