201
|
Kuan II, Lee CC, Chen CH, Lu J, Kuo YS, Wu HC. The extracellular domain of epithelial cell adhesion molecule (EpCAM) enhances multipotency of mesenchymal stem cells through EGFR-LIN28-LET7 signaling. J Biol Chem 2019; 294:7769-7786. [PMID: 30926604 DOI: 10.1074/jbc.ra119.007386] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/02/2019] [Revised: 03/19/2019] [Indexed: 11/06/2022] Open
Abstract
Mesenchymal stem cells (MSCs) are widely considered to be an attractive cell source for regenerative therapies, but maintaining multipotency and self-renewal in cultured MSCs is especially challenging. Hence, the development and mechanistic description of strategies that help promote multipotency in MSCs will be vital to future clinical use. Here, using an array of techniques and approaches, including cell biology, RT-quantitative PCR, immunoblotting, immunofluorescence, flow cytometry, and ChIP assays, we show that the extracellular domain of epithelial cell adhesion molecule (EpCAM) (EpEX) significantly increases the levels of pluripotency factors through a signaling cascade that includes epidermal growth factor receptor (EGFR), signal transducer and activator of transcription 3 (STAT3), and Lin-28 homolog A (LIN28) and enhances the proliferation of human bone marrow MSCs. Moreover, we found that EpEX-induced LIN28 expression reduces the expression of the microRNA LET7 and up-regulates that of the transcription factor high-mobility group AT-hook 2 (HMGA2), which activates the transcription of pluripotency factors. Surprisingly, we found that EpEX treatment also enhances osteogenesis of MSCs under differentiation conditions, as evidenced by increases in osteogenic markers, including Runt-related transcription factor 2 (RUNX2). Taken together, our results indicate that EpEX stimulates EGFR signaling and thereby context-dependently controls MSC states and activities, promoting cell proliferation and multipotency under maintenance conditions and osteogenesis under differentiation conditions.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- I-I Kuan
- From the Institute of Cellular and Organismic Biology and
| | - Chi-Chiu Lee
- From the Institute of Cellular and Organismic Biology and
| | - Chien-Hsu Chen
- From the Institute of Cellular and Organismic Biology and
| | - Jean Lu
- Genomic Research Center, Academia Sinica, Taipei 115 and
| | - Yuan-Sung Kuo
- the Department of Surgery, College of Medicine, National Taiwan University, Taipei 100, Taiwan
| | - Han-Chung Wu
- From the Institute of Cellular and Organismic Biology and .,Genomic Research Center, Academia Sinica, Taipei 115 and
| |
Collapse
|
202
|
Gao Y, Zhou S, Luu S, Glowacki J. Megalin mediates 25-hydroxyvitamin D 3 actions in human mesenchymal stem cells. FASEB J 2019; 33:7684-7693. [PMID: 30893561 DOI: 10.1096/fj.201802578r] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/08/2023]
Abstract
Osteoblast differentiation of human mesenchymal stem cells (hMSCs) is stimulated by 1α,25-dihydroxycholecalciferol [1α,25(OH)2D3] and 25-hydroxycholecalciferol [25(OH)D3]; the latter's effects require intracellular hydroxylation to 1α,25(OH)2D3. Thus, hMSCs are both a source of and target for 1α,25(OH)2D3. Megalin is a transmembrane receptor for serum d-binding protein (DBP) in kidney cells and is required for uptake of the 25(OH)D3-DBP complex. We tested the hypothesis that megalin is required for D actions in hMSCs with cells from surgically discarded marrow for RT-PCR, for effects of 25(OH)D3 and 1α,25(OH)2D3, for 1α,25(OH)2D3 biosynthesis, for osteoblastogenesis, and for small interfering RNA for megalin (si-Meg) and control (si-Ctr). In hMSCs with high constitutive megalin expression, both 1α,25(OH)2D3 and 25(OH)D3 stimulated osteoblastogenesis (P < 0.05), but only 1α,25(OH)2D3 did so in hMSCs with lower megalin (lo-Meg, P < 0.001) or in si-Meg cells (P < 0.05). In addition, 1α,25(OH)2D3 biosynthesis was significantly lower in lo-Meg (46%, P = 0.034) and in si-Meg (23%, P < 0.001) than each control. Leptin significantly stimulated megalin expression 2.1-fold in lo-Meg cells (P < 0.01). These studies show that megalin is expressed in hMSCs and is required for the biosynthesis of 1α,25(OH)2D3 and for the 25(OH)D3/DBP complex to stimulate vitamin D receptor targets and osteoblastogenesis.-Gao, Y., Zhou, S., Luu, S., Glowacki, J. Megalin mediates 25-hydroxyvitamin D3 actions in human mesenchymal stem cells.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Yuan Gao
- Department of Orthopedic Surgery, Brigham and Women's Hospital, Harvard Medical School, Boston, Massachusetts, USA.,Department of Orthopedic Surgery, Xin Hua Hospital, Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine (SJTUSM), Shanghai, China
| | - Shuanhu Zhou
- Department of Orthopedic Surgery, Brigham and Women's Hospital, Harvard Medical School, Boston, Massachusetts, USA
| | - Simon Luu
- Department of Orthopedic Surgery, Brigham and Women's Hospital, Harvard Medical School, Boston, Massachusetts, USA
| | - Julie Glowacki
- Department of Orthopedic Surgery, Brigham and Women's Hospital, Harvard Medical School, Boston, Massachusetts, USA.,Department of Oral and Maxillofacial Surgery, Harvard School of Dental Medicine, Boston, Massachusetts, USA
| |
Collapse
|
203
|
Foppiani EM, Candini O, Mastrolia I, Murgia A, Grisendi G, Samarelli AV, Boscaini G, Pacchioni L, Pinelli M, De Santis G, Horwitz EM, Veronesi E, Dominici M. Impact of HOXB7 overexpression on human adipose-derived mesenchymal progenitors. Stem Cell Res Ther 2019; 10:101. [PMID: 30890185 PMCID: PMC6423808 DOI: 10.1186/s13287-019-1200-6] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/03/2018] [Revised: 02/04/2019] [Accepted: 03/01/2019] [Indexed: 01/02/2023] Open
Abstract
Background The ex vivo expansion potential of mesenchymal stromal/stem cells (MSC) together with their differentiation and secretion properties makes these cells an attractive tool for transplantation and tissue engineering. Although the use of MSC is currently being tested in a growing number of clinical trials, it is still desirable to identify molecular markers that may help improve their performance both in vitro and after transplantation. Methods Recently, HOXB7 was identified as a master player driving the proliferation and differentiation of bone marrow mesenchymal progenitors. In this study, we investigated the effect of HOXB7 overexpression on the ex vivo features of adipose mesenchymal progenitors (AD-MSC). Results HOXB7 increased AD-MSC proliferation potential, reduced senescence, and improved chondrogenesis together with a significant increase of basic fibroblast growth factor (bFGF) secretion. Conclusion While further investigations and in vivo models shall be applied for better understanding, these data suggest that modulation of HOXB7 may be a strategy for innovative tissue regeneration applications.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Elisabetta Manuela Foppiani
- Division of Oncology, Department of Medical and Surgical Sciences for Children and Adults, University-Hospital of Modena and Reggio Emilia, Via del Pozzo, 71, 41100, Modena, Italy.,Rigenerand srl, Modena, Medolla, Italy
| | - Olivia Candini
- Division of Oncology, Department of Medical and Surgical Sciences for Children and Adults, University-Hospital of Modena and Reggio Emilia, Via del Pozzo, 71, 41100, Modena, Italy.,Rigenerand srl, Modena, Medolla, Italy
| | - Ilenia Mastrolia
- Division of Oncology, Department of Medical and Surgical Sciences for Children and Adults, University-Hospital of Modena and Reggio Emilia, Via del Pozzo, 71, 41100, Modena, Italy
| | - Alba Murgia
- Division of Oncology, Department of Medical and Surgical Sciences for Children and Adults, University-Hospital of Modena and Reggio Emilia, Via del Pozzo, 71, 41100, Modena, Italy
| | - Giulia Grisendi
- Division of Oncology, Department of Medical and Surgical Sciences for Children and Adults, University-Hospital of Modena and Reggio Emilia, Via del Pozzo, 71, 41100, Modena, Italy.,Rigenerand srl, Modena, Medolla, Italy
| | - Anna Valeria Samarelli
- Division of Oncology, Department of Medical and Surgical Sciences for Children and Adults, University-Hospital of Modena and Reggio Emilia, Via del Pozzo, 71, 41100, Modena, Italy
| | - Giulia Boscaini
- Division of Plastic Surgery, Department of Medical and Surgical Sciences for Children and Adults, University-Hospital of Modena and Reggio Emilia, Modena, Italy
| | - Lucrezia Pacchioni
- Division of Plastic Surgery, Department of Medical and Surgical Sciences for Children and Adults, University-Hospital of Modena and Reggio Emilia, Modena, Italy
| | - Massimo Pinelli
- Division of Plastic Surgery, Department of Medical and Surgical Sciences for Children and Adults, University-Hospital of Modena and Reggio Emilia, Modena, Italy
| | - Giorgio De Santis
- Division of Plastic Surgery, Department of Medical and Surgical Sciences for Children and Adults, University-Hospital of Modena and Reggio Emilia, Modena, Italy
| | - Edwin M Horwitz
- Aflac Cancer and Blood Disorders Center, Children's Healthcare of Atlanta and Emory University Department of Pediatrics, Atlanta, GA, USA
| | | | - Massimo Dominici
- Division of Oncology, Department of Medical and Surgical Sciences for Children and Adults, University-Hospital of Modena and Reggio Emilia, Via del Pozzo, 71, 41100, Modena, Italy. .,Rigenerand srl, Modena, Medolla, Italy.
| |
Collapse
|
204
|
Spitzhorn LS, Megges M, Wruck W, Rahman MS, Otte J, Degistirici Ö, Meisel R, Sorg RV, Oreffo ROC, Adjaye J. Human iPSC-derived MSCs (iMSCs) from aged individuals acquire a rejuvenation signature. Stem Cell Res Ther 2019; 10:100. [PMID: 30885246 PMCID: PMC6423778 DOI: 10.1186/s13287-019-1209-x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 71] [Impact Index Per Article: 14.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/02/2018] [Revised: 02/14/2019] [Accepted: 03/06/2019] [Indexed: 12/21/2022] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Primary mesenchymal stem cells (MSCs) are fraught with aging-related shortfalls. Human-induced pluripotent stem cell (iPSC)-derived MSCs (iMSCs) have been shown to be a useful clinically relevant source of MSCs that circumvent these aging-associated drawbacks. To date, the extent of the retention of aging-hallmarks in iMSCs differentiated from iPSCs derived from elderly donors remains unclear. METHODS Fetal femur-derived MSCs (fMSCs) and adult bone marrow MSCs (aMSCs) were isolated, corresponding iPSCs were generated, and iMSCs were differentiated from fMSC-iPSCs, from aMSC-iPSCs, and from human embryonic stem cells (ESCs) H1. In addition, typical MSC characterization such as cell surface marker expression, differentiation capacity, secretome profile, and trancriptome analysis were conducted for the three distinct iMSC preparations-fMSC-iMSCs, aMSC-iMSCs, and ESC-iMSCs. To verify these results, previously published data sets were used, and also, additional aMSCs and iMSCs were analyzed. RESULTS fMSCs and aMSCs both express the typical MSC cell surface markers and can be differentiated into osteogenic, adipogenic, and chondrogenic lineages in vitro. However, the transcriptome analysis revealed overlapping and distinct gene expression patterns and showed that fMSCs express more genes in common with ESCs than with aMSCs. fMSC-iMSCs, aMSC-iMSCs, and ESC-iMSCs met the criteria set out for MSCs. Dendrogram analyses confirmed that the transcriptomes of all iMSCs clustered together with the parental MSCs and separated from the MSC-iPSCs and ESCs. iMSCs irrespective of donor age and cell type acquired a rejuvenation-associated gene signature, specifically, the expression of INHBE, DNMT3B, POU5F1P1, CDKN1C, and GCNT2 which are also expressed in pluripotent stem cells (iPSCs and ESC) but not in the parental aMSCs. iMSCs expressed more genes in common with fMSCs than with aMSCs. Independent real-time PCR comparing aMSCs, fMSCs, and iMSCs confirmed the differential expression of the rejuvenation (COX7A, EZA2, and TMEM119) and aging (CXADR and IGSF3) signatures. Importantly, in terms of regenerative medicine, iMSCs acquired a secretome (e.g., angiogenin, DKK-1, IL-8, PDGF-AA, osteopontin, SERPINE1, and VEGF) similar to that of fMSCs and aMSCs, thus highlighting their ability to act via paracrine signaling. CONCLUSIONS iMSCs irrespective of donor age and cell source acquire a rejuvenation gene signature. The iMSC concept could allow circumventing the drawbacks associated with the use of adult MSCs und thus provide a promising tool for use in various clinical settings in the future.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Lucas-Sebastian Spitzhorn
- Institute for Stem Cell Research and Regenerative Medicine, Medical Faculty, Heinrich Heine University, Düsseldorf, Moorenstr. 5, 40225, Düsseldorf, Germany
| | - Matthias Megges
- Institute for Stem Cell Research and Regenerative Medicine, Medical Faculty, Heinrich Heine University, Düsseldorf, Moorenstr. 5, 40225, Düsseldorf, Germany
| | - Wasco Wruck
- Institute for Stem Cell Research and Regenerative Medicine, Medical Faculty, Heinrich Heine University, Düsseldorf, Moorenstr. 5, 40225, Düsseldorf, Germany
| | - Md Shaifur Rahman
- Institute for Stem Cell Research and Regenerative Medicine, Medical Faculty, Heinrich Heine University, Düsseldorf, Moorenstr. 5, 40225, Düsseldorf, Germany
| | - Jörg Otte
- Institute for Stem Cell Research and Regenerative Medicine, Medical Faculty, Heinrich Heine University, Düsseldorf, Moorenstr. 5, 40225, Düsseldorf, Germany
| | - Özer Degistirici
- Division of Paediatric Stem Cell Therapy, Clinic for Pediatric Oncology, Hematology and Clinical Immunology, Medical Faculty, Heinrich Heine University, Düsseldorf, Moorenstr. 5, 40225, Düsseldorf, Germany
| | - Roland Meisel
- Division of Paediatric Stem Cell Therapy, Clinic for Pediatric Oncology, Hematology and Clinical Immunology, Medical Faculty, Heinrich Heine University, Düsseldorf, Moorenstr. 5, 40225, Düsseldorf, Germany
| | - Rüdiger Volker Sorg
- Institute for Transplantation Diagnostics and Cell Therapeutics, Heinrich Heine University Hospital, Moorenstr, 5, 40225, Düsseldorf, Germany
| | - Richard O C Oreffo
- Bone and Joint Research Group, Centre for Human Development, Stem Cells and Regeneration, Institute of Developmental Sciences, University of Southampton, Southampton, SO16 6YD, UK
| | - James Adjaye
- Institute for Stem Cell Research and Regenerative Medicine, Medical Faculty, Heinrich Heine University, Düsseldorf, Moorenstr. 5, 40225, Düsseldorf, Germany.
| |
Collapse
|
205
|
Pedrosa CR, Arl D, Grysan P, Khan I, Durrieu S, Krishnamoorthy S, Durrieu MC. Controlled Nanoscale Topographies for Osteogenic Differentiation of Mesenchymal Stem Cells. ACS APPLIED MATERIALS & INTERFACES 2019; 11:8858-8866. [PMID: 30785254 DOI: 10.1021/acsami.8b21393] [Citation(s) in RCA: 26] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/18/2023]
Abstract
Nanotopography with length scales of the order of extracellular matrix elements offers the possibility of regulating cell behavior. Investigation of the impact of nanotopography on cell response has been limited by the inability to precisely control geometries, especially at high spatial resolutions and across practically large areas. In this paper, we demonstrate well-controlled and periodic nanopillar arrays of silicon and investigate their impact on osteogenic differentiation of human mesenchymal stem cells (hMSCs). Silicon nanopillar arrays with critical dimensions in the range of 40-200 nm, exhibiting standard deviations below 15% across full wafers, were realized using the self-assembly of block copolymer colloids. Immunofluorescence and quantitative polymerase chain reaction measurements reveal clear dependence of osteogenic differentiation of hMSCs on the diameter and periodicity of the arrays. Further, the differentiation of hMSCs was found to be dependent on the age of the donor. While osteoblastic differentiation was found to be promoted by the pillars with larger diameters and heights independent of donor age, they were found to be different for different spacings. Pillar arrays with smaller pitch promoted differentiation from a young donor, while a larger spacing promoted those of an old donor. These findings can contribute for the development of personalized treatments of bone diseases, namely, novel implant nanostructuring depending on patient age.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Catarina R Pedrosa
- Université de Bordeaux, Chimie et Biologie des Membranes et Nano-Objets (UMR5248 CBMN) , 33600 Pessac , France
- CNRS, CBMN UMR5248 , 33600 Pessac , France
- Bordeaux INP, CBMN UMR5248 , 33600 Pessac , France
- Materials Research and Technology (MRT) Department , Luxembourg Institute of Science and Technology (LIST) , L-4422 Belvaux , Luxembourg
| | - Didier Arl
- Materials Research and Technology (MRT) Department , Luxembourg Institute of Science and Technology (LIST) , L-4422 Belvaux , Luxembourg
| | - Patrick Grysan
- Materials Research and Technology (MRT) Department , Luxembourg Institute of Science and Technology (LIST) , L-4422 Belvaux , Luxembourg
| | - Irfan Khan
- Université de Bordeaux, Chimie et Biologie des Membranes et Nano-Objets (UMR5248 CBMN) , 33600 Pessac , France
- CNRS, CBMN UMR5248 , 33600 Pessac , France
- Bordeaux INP, CBMN UMR5248 , 33600 Pessac , France
| | - Stéphanie Durrieu
- ARNA Laboratory , Université de Bordeaux , 33076 Bordeaux , France
- ARNA Laboratory , INSERM, U1212-CNRS UMR 5320 , 33000 Bordeaux , France
| | - Sivashankar Krishnamoorthy
- Materials Research and Technology (MRT) Department , Luxembourg Institute of Science and Technology (LIST) , L-4422 Belvaux , Luxembourg
| | - Marie-Christine Durrieu
- Université de Bordeaux, Chimie et Biologie des Membranes et Nano-Objets (UMR5248 CBMN) , 33600 Pessac , France
- CNRS, CBMN UMR5248 , 33600 Pessac , France
- Bordeaux INP, CBMN UMR5248 , 33600 Pessac , France
| |
Collapse
|
206
|
Pischiutta F, Sammali E, Parolini O, Carswell HVO, Zanier ER. Placenta-Derived Cells for Acute Brain Injury. Cell Transplant 2019; 27:151-167. [PMID: 29562781 PMCID: PMC6434489 DOI: 10.1177/0963689717732992] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/18/2022] Open
Abstract
Acute brain injury resulting from ischemic/hemorrhagic or traumatic damage is one of the leading causes of mortality and disability worldwide and is a significant burden to society. Neuroprotective options to counteract brain damage are very limited in stroke and traumatic brain injury (TBI). Given the multifaceted nature of acute brain injury and damage progression, several therapeutic targets may need to be addressed simultaneously to interfere with the evolution of the injury and improve the patient’s outcome. Stem cells are ideal candidates since they act on various mechanisms of protection and repair, improving structural and functional outcomes after experimental stroke or TBI. Stem cells isolated from placenta offer advantages due to their early embryonic origin, ease of procurement, and ethical acceptance. We analyzed the evidence for the beneficial effects of placenta-derived stem cells in acute brain injury, with the focus on experimental studies of TBI and stroke, the engineering strategies pursued to foster cell potential, and characterization of the bioactive molecules secreted by placental cells, known as their secretome, as an alternative cell-free strategy. Results from the clinical application of placenta-derived stem cells for acute brain injury and ongoing clinical trials are summarily discussed.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Francesca Pischiutta
- 1 Department of Neuroscience, Laboratory of Acute Brain Injury and Therapeutic Strategies, IRCCS Istituto di Ricerche Farmacologiche Mario Negri, Milan, Italy
| | - Eliana Sammali
- 1 Department of Neuroscience, Laboratory of Acute Brain Injury and Therapeutic Strategies, IRCCS Istituto di Ricerche Farmacologiche Mario Negri, Milan, Italy.,2 Department of Cerebrovascular Diseases, Fondazione IRCCS Istituto Neurologico Carlo Besta, Milan, Italy
| | - Ornella Parolini
- 3 Centro di Ricerca E. Menni, Fondazione Poliambulanza Istituto Ospedaliero, Brescia, Italy.,4 Institute of Anatomy and Cell Biology, Università Cattolica del Sacro Cuore, Rome, Italy
| | - Hilary V O Carswell
- 5 Strathclyde Institute of Pharmacy and Biomedical Sciences (SIPBS), University of Strathclyde, Glasgow, United Kingdom
| | - Elisa R Zanier
- 1 Department of Neuroscience, Laboratory of Acute Brain Injury and Therapeutic Strategies, IRCCS Istituto di Ricerche Farmacologiche Mario Negri, Milan, Italy
| |
Collapse
|
207
|
Wang H, Li D, Zhai Z, Zhang X, Huang W, Chen X, Huang L, Liu H, Sun J, Zou Z, Fan Y, Ke Q, Lai X, Wang T, Li X, Shen H, Xiang AP, Li W. Characterization and Therapeutic Application of Mesenchymal Stem Cells with Neuromesodermal Origin from Human Pluripotent Stem Cells. Am J Cancer Res 2019; 9:1683-1697. [PMID: 31037131 PMCID: PMC6485183 DOI: 10.7150/thno.30487] [Citation(s) in RCA: 19] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/08/2018] [Accepted: 02/02/2019] [Indexed: 02/06/2023] Open
Abstract
Rationale: Mesenchymal stem cells (MSC) hold great promise in the treatment of various diseases including autoimmune diseases, inflammatory diseases, etc., due to their pleiotropic properties. However, largely incongruent data were obtained from different MSC-based clinical trials, which may be partially due to functional heterogeneity among MSC. Here, we attempt to derive homogeneous mesenchymal stem cells with neuromesodermal origin from human pluripotent stem cells (hPSC) and evaluate their functional properties. Methods: Growth factors and/or small molecules were used for the differentiation of human pluripotent stem cells (hPSC) into neuromesodermal progenitors (NMP), which were then cultured in animal component-free and serum-free induction medium for the derivation and long-term expansion of MSC. The resulted NMP-MSC were detailed characterized by analyzing their surface marker expression, proliferation, migration, multipotency, immunomodulatory activity and global gene expression profile. Moreover, the in vivo therapeutic potential of NMP-MSC was detected in a mouse model of contact hypersensitivity (CHS). Results: We demonstrate that NMP-MSC express posterior HOX genes and exhibit characteristics similar to those of bone marrow MSC (BMSC), and NMP-MSC derived from different hPSC lines show high level of similarity in global gene expression profiles. More importantly, NMP-MSC display much stronger immunomodulatory activity than BMSC in vitro and in vivo, as revealed by decreased inflammatory cell infiltration and diminished production of pro-inflammatory cytokines in inflamed tissue of CHS models. Conclusion: Our results identify NMP as a new source of MSC and suggest that functional and homogeneous NMP-MSC could serve as a candidate for MSC-based therapies.
Collapse
|
208
|
Wallner C, Huber J, Drysch M, Schmidt SV, Wagner JM, Dadras M, Dittfeld S, Becerikli M, Jaurich H, Lehnhardt M, Behr B. Activin Receptor 2 Antagonization Impairs Adipogenic and Enhances Osteogenic Differentiation in Mouse Adipose-Derived Stem Cells and Mouse Bone Marrow-Derived Stem Cells In Vitro and In Vivo. Stem Cells Dev 2019; 28:384-397. [PMID: 30654712 DOI: 10.1089/scd.2018.0155] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/19/2022] Open
Abstract
Tumors, traumata, burn injuries or surgeries can lead to critical-sized bony defects which need to be reconstructed. Mesenchymal stem cells (MSCs) have the ability to differentiate into multiple cell lineages and thus present a promising alternative for use in tissue engineering and reconstruction. However, there is an ongoing debate whether all MSCs are equivalent in their differentiation and proliferation ability. The goal of this study was to assess osteogenic and adipogenic characteristic changes of adipose-derived stem cells (ASCs) and bone marrow-derived stem cells (BMSCs) upon Myostatin inhibition with Follistatin in vitro and in vivo. We harvested ASCs from mice inguinal fat pads and BMSCs from tibiae of mice. By means of histology, real-time cell analysis, immunohistochemistry, and PCR osteogenic and adipogenic proliferation and differentiation in the presence or absence of Follistatin were analyzed. In vivo, osteogenic capacity was investigated in a tibial defect model of wild-type (WT) mice treated with mASCs and mBMSCs of Myo-/- and WT origin. In vitro, we were able to show that inhibition of Myostatin leads to markedly reduced proliferative capacity in mBMSCs and mASCs in adipogenic differentiation and reduced proliferation in osteogenic differentiation in mASCs, whereas proliferation in mBMSCs in osteogenic differentiation was increased. Adipogenic differentiation was inhibited in mASCs and mBMSCs upon Follistatin treatment, whereas osteogenic differentiation was increased in both cell lineages. In vivo, we could demonstrate increased osteoid formation in WT mice treated with mASCs and mBMSCs of Myo-/- origin and enhanced osteogenic differentiation and proliferation of mASCs of Myo-/- origin. We could demonstrate that the osteogenic potential of mASCs could be raised to a level comparable to mBMSCs upon inhibition of Myostatin. Moreover, Follistatin treatment led to inhibition of adipogenesis in both lineages.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Christoph Wallner
- Department of Plastic Surgery, BG University Hospital Bergmannsheil, Ruhr University Bochum, Bochum, Germany
| | - Julika Huber
- Department of Plastic Surgery, BG University Hospital Bergmannsheil, Ruhr University Bochum, Bochum, Germany
| | - Marius Drysch
- Department of Plastic Surgery, BG University Hospital Bergmannsheil, Ruhr University Bochum, Bochum, Germany
| | - Sonja Verena Schmidt
- Department of Plastic Surgery, BG University Hospital Bergmannsheil, Ruhr University Bochum, Bochum, Germany
| | - Johannes Maximilian Wagner
- Department of Plastic Surgery, BG University Hospital Bergmannsheil, Ruhr University Bochum, Bochum, Germany
| | - Mehran Dadras
- Department of Plastic Surgery, BG University Hospital Bergmannsheil, Ruhr University Bochum, Bochum, Germany
| | - Stephanie Dittfeld
- Department of Plastic Surgery, BG University Hospital Bergmannsheil, Ruhr University Bochum, Bochum, Germany
| | - Mustafa Becerikli
- Department of Plastic Surgery, BG University Hospital Bergmannsheil, Ruhr University Bochum, Bochum, Germany
| | - Henriette Jaurich
- Department of Plastic Surgery, BG University Hospital Bergmannsheil, Ruhr University Bochum, Bochum, Germany
| | - Marcus Lehnhardt
- Department of Plastic Surgery, BG University Hospital Bergmannsheil, Ruhr University Bochum, Bochum, Germany
| | - Björn Behr
- Department of Plastic Surgery, BG University Hospital Bergmannsheil, Ruhr University Bochum, Bochum, Germany
| |
Collapse
|
209
|
Serum-Free Manufacturing of Mesenchymal Stem Cell Tissue Rings Using Human-Induced Pluripotent Stem Cells. Stem Cells Int 2019; 2019:5654324. [PMID: 30766604 PMCID: PMC6350554 DOI: 10.1155/2019/5654324] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/25/2018] [Revised: 11/04/2018] [Accepted: 11/19/2018] [Indexed: 12/14/2022] Open
Abstract
Combination of stem cell technology and 3D biofabrication approaches provides physiological similarity to in vivo tissues and the capability of repairing and regenerating damaged human tissues. Mesenchymal stem cells (MSCs) have been widely used for regenerative medicine applications because of their immunosuppressive properties and multipotent potentials. To obtain large amount of high-quality MSCs without patient donation and invasive procedures, we differentiated MSCs from human-induced pluripotent stem cells (hiPSC-MSCs) using serum-free E6 media supplemented with only one growth factor (bFGF) and two small molecules (SB431542 and CHIR99021). The differentiated cells showed a high expression of common MSC-specific surface markers (CD90, CD73, CD105, CD106, CD146, and CD166) and a high potency for osteogenic and chondrogenic differentiation. With these cells, we have been able to manufacture MSC tissue rings with high consistency and robustness in pluronic-coated reusable PDMS devices. The MSC tissue rings were characterized based on inner diameter and outer ring diameter and observed cell-type-dependent tissue contraction induced by cell-matrix interaction. Our approach of simplified hiPSC-MSC differentiation, modular fabrication procedure, and serum-free culture conditions has a great potential for scalable manufacturing of MSC tissue rings for different regenerative medicine applications.
Collapse
|
210
|
Mohammed EEA, El-Zawahry M, Farrag ARH, Aziz NNA, Sharaf-ElDin W, Abu-Shahba N, Mahmoud M, Gaber K, Ismail T, Mossaad MM, Aleem AKA. Osteogenic Differentiation Potential of Human Bone Marrow and Amniotic Fluid-Derived Mesenchymal Stem Cells in Vitro & in Vivo. Open Access Maced J Med Sci 2019; 7:507-515. [PMID: 30894903 PMCID: PMC6420942 DOI: 10.3889/oamjms.2019.124] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/05/2018] [Revised: 01/13/2019] [Accepted: 01/14/2019] [Indexed: 01/01/2023] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Cell therapies offer a promising potential in promoting bone regeneration. Stem cell therapy presents attractive care modality in treating degenerative conditions or tissue injuries. The rationale behind this is both the expansion potential of stem cells into a large cell population size and its differentiation abilities into a wide variety of tissue types, when given the proper stimuli. A progenitor stem cell is a promising source of cell therapy in regenerative medicine and bone tissue engineering. AIM This study aimed to compare the osteogenic differentiation and regenerative potentials of human mesenchymal stem cells derived from human bone marrow (hBM-MSCs) or amniotic fluid (hAF-MSCs), both in vitro and in vivo studies. SUBJECTS AND METHODS Human MSCs, used in this study, were successfully isolated from two human sources; the bone marrow (BM) and amniotic fluid (AF) collected at the gestational ages of second or third trimesters. RESULTS The stem cells derived from amniotic fluid seemed to be the most promising type of progenitor cells for clinical applications. In a pre-clinical experiment, attempting to explore the therapeutic application of MSCs in bone regeneration, Rat lumbar spines defects were surgically created and treated with undifferentiated and osteogenically differentiated MSCs, derived from BM and second trimester AF. Cells were loaded on gel-foam scaffolds, inserted and fixed in the area of the surgical defect. X-Ray radiography follows up, and histopathological analysis was done three-four months post- operation. The transplantation of AF-MSCs or BM-MSCs into induced bony defects showed promising results. The AF-MSCs are offering a better healing effect increasing the likelihood of achieving successful spinal fusion. Some bone changes were observed in rats transplanted with osteoblasts differentiated cells but not in rats transplanted with undifferentiated MSCs. Longer observational periods are required to evaluate a true bone formation. The findings of this study suggested that the different sources; hBM-MSCs or hAF-MSCs exhibited remarkably different signature regarding the cell morphology, proliferation capacity and osteogenic differentiation potential. CONCLUSIONS AF-MSCs have a better performance in vivo bone healing than that of BM-MSCs. Hence, AF derived MSCs is highly recommended as an alternative source to BM-MSCs in bone regeneration and spine fusion surgeries. Moreover, the usage of gel-foam as a scaffold proved as an efficient cell carrier that showed bio-compatibility with cells, bio-degradability and osteoinductivity in vivo.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Eman E A Mohammed
- Medical Molecular Genetics Department, Human Genetics and Genome Research Division, National Research Center, Cairo, Egypt.,Stem Cell Research Group, Medical Research Centre of Excellence, National Research Centre, Cairo, Egypt
| | - Mohamed El-Zawahry
- Fixed and Removable Prosthodontics Department, National Research Center, Cairo, Egypt
| | - Abdel Razik H Farrag
- Pathology Department, Medical Research Division, National Research Center, Cairo, Egypt
| | - Nahla N Abdel Aziz
- Medical Molecular Genetics Department, Human Genetics and Genome Research Division, National Research Center, Cairo, Egypt
| | - Wessam Sharaf-ElDin
- Medical Molecular Genetics Department, Human Genetics and Genome Research Division, National Research Center, Cairo, Egypt
| | - Nourhan Abu-Shahba
- Medical Molecular Genetics Department, Human Genetics and Genome Research Division, National Research Center, Cairo, Egypt.,Stem Cell Research Group, Medical Research Centre of Excellence, National Research Centre, Cairo, Egypt
| | - Marwa Mahmoud
- Medical Molecular Genetics Department, Human Genetics and Genome Research Division, National Research Center, Cairo, Egypt.,Stem Cell Research Group, Medical Research Centre of Excellence, National Research Centre, Cairo, Egypt
| | - Khaled Gaber
- Prenatal and Fetal medicine Department, Oral and Dental Research Division, National Research Center, Cairo, Egypt
| | - Taher Ismail
- Gynecology and Obstetric Department, Faculty of Medicine (Boys), Al - Azhar University, Cairo, Egypt
| | | | - Alice K Abdel Aleem
- Medical Molecular Genetics Department, Human Genetics and Genome Research Division, National Research Center, Cairo, Egypt.,Stem Cell Research Group, Medical Research Centre of Excellence, National Research Centre, Cairo, Egypt.,Neurology and Neuroscience Department, Weill Cornell Medicine Qatar, Doha, Qatar
| |
Collapse
|
211
|
Rationale and design of a prospective, randomised study of retrograde application of bone marrow aspirate concentrate (BMAC) through coronary sinus in patients with congestive heart failure of ischemic etiology (the RETRO study). BMC Cardiovasc Disord 2019; 19:32. [PMID: 30704414 PMCID: PMC6357383 DOI: 10.1186/s12872-019-1011-9] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/18/2017] [Accepted: 01/23/2019] [Indexed: 01/27/2023] Open
Abstract
Background Heart failure (HF) is a major chronic illness and results in high morbidity and mortality. The most frequent cause of HF with reduced ejection fraction (HFREF) is coronary artery disease (CAD). Although revascularisation of ischemic myocardium lead to improvements in myocardial contractility and systolic function, it cannnot restore the viability of the already necrotic myocardium. Methods/design The aim of our prospective randomised study is to assess the efficacy of the retrograde application of non-selected bone marrow autologous cells concentrate (BMAC) in patients with HFREF of ischemic aetiology. The evaluated preparation is concentrated BMAC, obtained using Harvest SmartPReP2 (Harvest Technologies, Plymouth, MA, USA). The study population will be a total of 40 patients with established CAD, systolic dysfunction with LV EF of ≤40% and HF in the NYHA class 3. Patients have been on standard HF therapy for 3 months and in a stabilised state for at least 1 month, before enrolling in the clinical study. Patients will be randomised 1:1 to either retrograde BMAC administration via coronary sinus or standard HF therapy. The primary end-points (left ventricular end-systolic and end-diastolic diameters [LVESd/EDd] and volumes [LVESV/EDV] and left ventricular ejection fraction [LV EF]) will be assessed by magnetic resonance imaging. The follow-up period will be 12 month. Discussion The application of bone marrow stem cells into affected areas of the myocardium seems to be a promising treatment of ischemic cardiomyopathy. The Harvest BMAC contains the entire population of nuclear cells from bone marrow aspirates together with platelets. The presence of both platelets and additional granulocytes can have a positive effect on the neovascularisation potential of the resulting concentrate. Our assumption is that retrograde administration on non-selected BMAC via coronary sinus, due to the content of platelets and growth factors, might improve left ventricular function and parameters compared to standard HF therapy. Furthermore, it will be associated with improved exercise tolerance in the six-minute corridor walk test and an improvement in the life quality of patients without increasing the incidence of severe ventricular arrythmias. Trial registration (ClinicalTrials.gov; https://clinicaltrials.gov; NCT03372954).
Collapse
|
212
|
McGrath M, Tam E, Sladkova M, AlManaie A, Zimmer M, de Peppo GM. GMP-compatible and xeno-free cultivation of mesenchymal progenitors derived from human-induced pluripotent stem cells. Stem Cell Res Ther 2019; 10:11. [PMID: 30635059 PMCID: PMC6329105 DOI: 10.1186/s13287-018-1119-3] [Citation(s) in RCA: 28] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/07/2018] [Revised: 12/06/2018] [Accepted: 12/20/2018] [Indexed: 02/07/2023] Open
Abstract
Background Human mesenchymal stem cells are a strong candidate for cell therapies owing to their regenerative potential, paracrine regulatory effects, and immunomodulatory activity. Yet, their scarcity, limited expansion potential, and age-associated functional decline restrict the ability to consistently manufacture large numbers of safe and therapeutically effective mesenchymal stem cells for routine clinical applications. To overcome these limitations and advance stem cell treatments using mesenchymal stem cells, researchers have recently derived mesenchymal progenitors from human-induced pluripotent stem cells. Human-induced pluripotent stem cell-derived progenitors resemble adult mesenchymal stem cells in morphology, global gene expression, surface antigen profile, and multi-differentiation potential, but unlike adult mesenchymal stem cells, it can be produced in large numbers for every patient. For therapeutic applications, however, human-induced pluripotent stem cell-derived progenitors must be produced without animal-derived components (xeno-free) and in accordance with Good Manufacturing Practice guidelines. Methods In the present study we investigate the effects of expanding mesodermal progenitor cells derived from two human-induced pluripotent stem cell lines in xeno-free medium supplemented with human platelet lysates and in a commercial high-performance Good Manufacturing Practice-compatible medium (Unison Medium). Results The results show that long-term culture in xeno-free and Good Manufacturing Practice-compatible media somewhat affects the morphology, expansion potential, gene expression, and cytokine profile of human-induced pluripotent stem cell-derived progenitors but supports cell viability and maintenance of a mesenchymal phenotype equally well as medium supplemented with fetal bovine serum. Conclusions The findings support the potential to manufacture large numbers of clinical-grade human-induced pluripotent stem cell-derived mesenchymal progenitors for applications in personalized regenerative medicine. Graphical abstract ![]()
Electronic supplementary material The online version of this article (10.1186/s13287-018-1119-3) contains supplementary material, which is available to authorized users.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Madison McGrath
- The New York Stem Cell Foundation Research Institute, 619 West 54th Street, New York, NY, 10019, USA
| | - Edmund Tam
- The New York Stem Cell Foundation Research Institute, 619 West 54th Street, New York, NY, 10019, USA
| | - Martina Sladkova
- The New York Stem Cell Foundation Research Institute, 619 West 54th Street, New York, NY, 10019, USA
| | - Athbah AlManaie
- The New York Stem Cell Foundation Research Institute, 619 West 54th Street, New York, NY, 10019, USA
| | - Matthew Zimmer
- The New York Stem Cell Foundation Research Institute, 619 West 54th Street, New York, NY, 10019, USA
| | - Giuseppe Maria de Peppo
- The New York Stem Cell Foundation Research Institute, 619 West 54th Street, New York, NY, 10019, USA.
| |
Collapse
|
213
|
Wang W, Han ZC. Heterogeneity of Human Mesenchymal Stromal/Stem Cells. ADVANCES IN EXPERIMENTAL MEDICINE AND BIOLOGY 2019; 1123:165-177. [DOI: 10.1007/978-3-030-11096-3_10] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/20/2022]
|
214
|
Conte M, Martucci M, Sandri M, Franceschi C, Salvioli S. The Dual Role of the Pervasive "Fattish" Tissue Remodeling With Age. Front Endocrinol (Lausanne) 2019; 10:114. [PMID: 30863366 PMCID: PMC6400104 DOI: 10.3389/fendo.2019.00114] [Citation(s) in RCA: 28] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/22/2018] [Accepted: 02/07/2019] [Indexed: 12/12/2022] Open
Abstract
Human aging is characterized by dramatic changes in body mass composition that include a general increase of the total fat mass. Within the fat mass, a change in the proportions of adipose tissues also occurs with aging, affecting body metabolism, and playing a central role in many chronic diseases, including insulin resistance, obesity, cardiovascular diseases, and type II diabetes. In mammals, fat accumulates as white (WAT) and brown (BAT) adipose tissue, which differ both in morphology and function. While WAT is involved in lipid storage and immuno-endocrine responses, BAT is aimed at generating heat. With advancing age BAT declines, while WAT increases reaching the maximum peak by early old age and changes its distribution toward a higher proportion of visceral WAT. However, lipids tend to accumulate also within lipid droplets (LDs) in non-adipose tissues, including muscle, liver, and heart. The excess of such ectopic lipid deposition and the alteration of LD homeostasis contribute to the pathogenesis of the above-mentioned age-related diseases. It is not clear why age-associated tissue remodeling seems to lean toward lipid deposition as a "default program." However, it can be noted that such remodeling is not inevitably detrimental. In fact, such a programmed redistribution of fat throughout life could be considered physiological and even protective, in particular at extreme old age. In this regard, it has to be considered that an excessive decrease of subcutaneous peripheral fat is associated with a pro-inflammatory status, and a decrease of LD is associated with lipotoxicity leading to an increased risk of insulin resistance, type II diabetes and cardiovascular diseases. At variance, a balanced rate of fat content and distribution has beneficial effects for health and metabolic homeostasis, positively affecting longevity. In this review, we will summarize the present knowledge on the mechanisms of the age-related changes in lipid distribution and we will discuss how fat mass negatively or positively impacts on human health and longevity.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Maria Conte
- Department of Experimental, Diagnostic and Specialty Medicine (DIMES), University of Bologna, Bologna, Italy
- Interdepartmental Centre “L. Galvani” (CIG), University of Bologna, Bologna, Italy
- *Correspondence: Maria Conte
| | - Morena Martucci
- Department of Experimental, Diagnostic and Specialty Medicine (DIMES), University of Bologna, Bologna, Italy
| | - Marco Sandri
- Venetian Institute of Molecular Medicine, Padova, Italy
- Department of Biomedical Sciences, University of Padova, Padova, Italy
| | - Claudio Franceschi
- IRCCS Istituto delle Scienze Neurologiche di Bologna, Bologna, Italy
- Lobachevsky State University of Nizhny Novgorod, Nizhny Novgorod, Russia
| | - Stefano Salvioli
- Department of Experimental, Diagnostic and Specialty Medicine (DIMES), University of Bologna, Bologna, Italy
- Interdepartmental Centre “L. Galvani” (CIG), University of Bologna, Bologna, Italy
| |
Collapse
|
215
|
Petridis X, Beems BP, Tomson PL, Scheven B, Giepmans BNG, Kuipers J, van der Sluis LWM, Harmsen MC. Effect of Dentin Matrix Components on the Mineralization of Human Mesenchymal Stromal Cells. Tissue Eng Part A 2018; 25:1104-1115. [PMID: 30444193 DOI: 10.1089/ten.tea.2018.0192] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/09/2023] Open
Abstract
IMPACT STATEMENT This research has been conducted with the aim to contribute to the development of treatment modalities for the reconstruction of lost/damaged mineralized tissues. Currently, determining the most appropriate stromal cell population and signaling cues stands at the core of developing effective treatments. We provide new insights into the effect of innate inductive cues found in human dentin matrix components, on the osteogenic differentiation of various human stromal cell types. The effects of dentin extracellular matrix components on umbilical cord mesenchymal stromal cells have not been investigated before. The findings of this study could underpin translational research based on the development of techniques for mineralized tissue engineering and will be of great interest for the readership of Tissue Engineering Part A.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Xenos Petridis
- 1Center for Dentistry and Oral Hygiene, University Medical Center Groningen, University of Groningen, Groningen, The Netherlands
| | - Bas P Beems
- 1Center for Dentistry and Oral Hygiene, University Medical Center Groningen, University of Groningen, Groningen, The Netherlands
| | - Phillip L Tomson
- 2School of Dentistry, Institute of Clinical Sciences, College of Medical and Dental Sciences, University of Birmingham, Birmingham, United Kingdom
| | - Ben Scheven
- 2School of Dentistry, Institute of Clinical Sciences, College of Medical and Dental Sciences, University of Birmingham, Birmingham, United Kingdom
| | - Ben N G Giepmans
- 3Department of Cell Biology, University Medical Center Groningen, University of Groningen, Groningen, The Netherlands
| | - Jeroen Kuipers
- 3Department of Cell Biology, University Medical Center Groningen, University of Groningen, Groningen, The Netherlands
| | - Luc W M van der Sluis
- 1Center for Dentistry and Oral Hygiene, University Medical Center Groningen, University of Groningen, Groningen, The Netherlands
| | - Martin C Harmsen
- 4Department of Pathology and Medical Biology, University Medical Center Groningen, University of Groningen, Groningen, The Netherlands
| |
Collapse
|
216
|
Lü D, Sun S, Zhang F, Luo C, Zheng L, Wu Y, Li N, Zhang C, Wang C, Chen Q, Long M. Microgravity-induced hepatogenic differentiation of rBMSCs on board the SJ-10 satellite. FASEB J 2018; 33:4273-4286. [PMID: 30521385 DOI: 10.1096/fj.201802075r] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/11/2022]
Abstract
Bone marrow-derived mesenchymal stem cells (BMSCs) are able to differentiate into functional hepatocytelike cells, which are expected to serve as a potential cell source in regenerative medicine, tissue engineering, and clinical treatment of liver injury. Little is known about whether and how space microgravity is able to direct the hepatogenic differentiation of BMSCs in the actual space microenvironment. In this study, we examined the effects of space microgravity on BMSC hepatogenic differentiation on board the SJ-10 Recoverable Scientific Satellite. Rat BMSCs were cultured and induced in hepatogenic induction medium for 3 and 10 d in custom-made space cell culture hardware. Cell growth was monitored periodically in orbit, and the fixed cells and collected supernatants were retrieved back to the Earth for further analyses. Data indicated that space microgravity improves the differentiating capability of the cells by up-regulating hepatocyte-specific albumin and cytokeratin 18. The resulting cells tended to be maturated, with an in-orbit period of up to 10 d. In space, mechanosensitive molecules of β1-integrin, β-actin, α-tubulin, and Ras homolog gene family member A presented enhanced expression, whereas those of cell-surface glycoprotein CD44, intercellular adhesion molecule 1, vascular cell adhesion molecule 1, vinculin, cell division control protein 42 homolog, and Rho-associated coiled-coil kinase yielded reduced expression. Also observed in space were the depolymerization of actin filaments and the accumulation of microtubules and vimentin through the altered expression and location of focal adhesion complexes, Rho guanosine 5'-triphosphatases, as well as the enhanced exosome-mediated mRNA transfer. This work furthers the understanding of the underlying mechanisms of space microgravity in directing hepatogenic differentiation of BMSCs.-Lü, D., Sun, S., Zhang, F., Luo, C., Zheng, L., Wu, Y., Li, N., Zhang, C., Wang, C., Chen, Q., Long, M. Microgravity-induced hepatogenic differentiation of rBMSCs on board the SJ-10 satellite.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Dongyuan Lü
- Key Laboratory of Microgravity, Center of Biomechanics and Bioengineering, Institute of Mechanics, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, China.,Beijing Key Laboratory of Engineered Construction and Mechanobiology, Institute of Mechanics, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, China; and.,School of Engineering Sciences, University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, China
| | - Shujin Sun
- Key Laboratory of Microgravity, Center of Biomechanics and Bioengineering, Institute of Mechanics, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, China.,Beijing Key Laboratory of Engineered Construction and Mechanobiology, Institute of Mechanics, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, China; and.,School of Engineering Sciences, University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, China
| | - Fan Zhang
- Key Laboratory of Microgravity, Center of Biomechanics and Bioengineering, Institute of Mechanics, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, China.,Beijing Key Laboratory of Engineered Construction and Mechanobiology, Institute of Mechanics, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, China; and.,School of Engineering Sciences, University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, China
| | - Chunhua Luo
- Key Laboratory of Microgravity, Center of Biomechanics and Bioengineering, Institute of Mechanics, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, China.,Beijing Key Laboratory of Engineered Construction and Mechanobiology, Institute of Mechanics, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, China; and
| | - Lu Zheng
- Key Laboratory of Microgravity, Center of Biomechanics and Bioengineering, Institute of Mechanics, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, China.,Beijing Key Laboratory of Engineered Construction and Mechanobiology, Institute of Mechanics, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, China; and.,School of Engineering Sciences, University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, China
| | - Yi Wu
- Key Laboratory of Microgravity, Center of Biomechanics and Bioengineering, Institute of Mechanics, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, China.,Beijing Key Laboratory of Engineered Construction and Mechanobiology, Institute of Mechanics, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, China; and.,School of Engineering Sciences, University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, China
| | - Ning Li
- Key Laboratory of Microgravity, Center of Biomechanics and Bioengineering, Institute of Mechanics, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, China.,Beijing Key Laboratory of Engineered Construction and Mechanobiology, Institute of Mechanics, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, China; and.,School of Engineering Sciences, University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, China
| | - Chen Zhang
- Key Laboratory of Microgravity, Center of Biomechanics and Bioengineering, Institute of Mechanics, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, China.,Beijing Key Laboratory of Engineered Construction and Mechanobiology, Institute of Mechanics, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, China; and
| | - Chengzhi Wang
- Key Laboratory of Microgravity, Center of Biomechanics and Bioengineering, Institute of Mechanics, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, China.,Beijing Key Laboratory of Engineered Construction and Mechanobiology, Institute of Mechanics, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, China; and.,School of Engineering Sciences, University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, China
| | - Qin Chen
- Key Laboratory of Microgravity, Center of Biomechanics and Bioengineering, Institute of Mechanics, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, China.,Beijing Key Laboratory of Engineered Construction and Mechanobiology, Institute of Mechanics, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, China; and
| | - Mian Long
- Key Laboratory of Microgravity, Center of Biomechanics and Bioengineering, Institute of Mechanics, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, China.,Beijing Key Laboratory of Engineered Construction and Mechanobiology, Institute of Mechanics, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, China; and.,School of Engineering Sciences, University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, China
| |
Collapse
|
217
|
Zhu Y, Ma Y, Elefteriou F. Cortical bone is an extraneuronal site of norepinephrine uptake in adult mice. Bone Rep 2018; 9:188-198. [PMID: 30581894 PMCID: PMC6296164 DOI: 10.1016/j.bonr.2018.11.002] [Citation(s) in RCA: 22] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/22/2018] [Revised: 10/23/2018] [Accepted: 11/21/2018] [Indexed: 12/30/2022] Open
Abstract
The sympathetic nervous system is a major efferent pathway through which the central nervous system controls the function of peripheral organs. Genetic and pharmacologic evidence in mice indicated that stimulation of the β2 adrenergic receptor (β2AR) in osteoblasts promotes bone loss, leading to the paradigm that high sympathetic nervous activity is deleterious to bone mass. However, considerably less data exist to understand the putative impact of endogenous norepinephrine (NE), released by sympathetic nerves, on bone homeostasis. In this study, we investigated the in vivo expression and activity of the norepinephrine transporter (NET), a membrane pump known to actively uptake NE from the extracellular space in presynaptic neurons. Consistent with previously published in vitro data showing NET uptake activity in differentiated osteoblasts, we were able to detect active NET-specific NE uptake in the mouse cortical bone compartment in vivo. This uptake was the highest in young mice and accordingly with an age-related reduction in NET uptake, NE bone content increased whereas Net RNA and protein expression decreased with age. Histologically, NET expression in adult mouse bones was detected in osteocytes via immunofluorescence. Lastly, taking advantage of tissue-specific fluorescent reporter mice, we used CLARITY imaging and light sheet microscopy to visualize the 3D distribution of sympathetic fibers in whole mount preparations of bone tissues. These analyses allowed us to detect tyrosine hydroxylase (TH)-positive sympathetic nerve fibers penetrating the cortical bone, where NET+ osteocytes reside. Together, these in vitro results support the existence of an age-dependent extraneuronal and osteocytic function of NET with potential to buffer the bone catabolic action of endogenous NE released by sympathetic nerves in vivo.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Yuantee Zhu
- Department of Pharmacology, Vanderbilt University School of Medicine, Nashville, TN, United States
- Department of Orthopedics, Baylor College of Medicine, Houston, TX, United States
| | - Yun Ma
- Department of Orthopedics, Baylor College of Medicine, Houston, TX, United States
| | - Florent Elefteriou
- Department of Orthopedics, Baylor College of Medicine, Houston, TX, United States
- Department of Molecular and Human Genetics, Baylor College of Medicine, Houston, TX, United States
| |
Collapse
|
218
|
Arnhold S, Elashry MI, Klymiuk MC, Wenisch S. Biological macromolecules and mesenchymal stem cells: Basic research for regenerative therapies in veterinary medicine. Int J Biol Macromol 2018; 123:889-899. [PMID: 30452985 DOI: 10.1016/j.ijbiomac.2018.11.158] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/28/2018] [Revised: 11/05/2018] [Accepted: 11/15/2018] [Indexed: 02/07/2023]
Affiliation(s)
- Stefan Arnhold
- Institute of Veterinary Anatomy-, Histology and -Embryology, University of Giessen, 35392 Giessen, Germany
| | - Mohamed I Elashry
- Institute of Veterinary Anatomy-, Histology and -Embryology, University of Giessen, 35392 Giessen, Germany; Anatomy and Embryology Department, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, University of Mansoura 35516, Egypt.
| | - Michele C Klymiuk
- Institute of Veterinary Anatomy-, Histology and -Embryology, University of Giessen, 35392 Giessen, Germany
| | - Sabine Wenisch
- Clinic of Small Animals, c/o Institute of Veterinary Anatomy, Histology and Embryology, Justus Liebig University of Giessen 35392, Giessen, Germany
| |
Collapse
|
219
|
Haider KH. Bone marrow cell therapy and cardiac reparability: better cell characterization will enhance clinical success. Regen Med 2018; 13:457-475. [PMID: 29985118 DOI: 10.2217/rme-2017-0134] [Citation(s) in RCA: 40] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/08/2023] Open
Abstract
Nearly two decades of experimental and clinical research with bone marrow cells have paved the way for Phase III pivotal trials in larger groups of heart patients. Despite immense advancements, a multitude of factors are hampering the acceptance of bone marrow cell-based therapy for routine clinical use. These include uncertainties regarding purification and characterization of the cell preparation, delivery protocols, mechanistic understanding and study end points and their methods of assessment. Clinical data show mediocre outcomes in terms of sustained cardiac pump function. This review reasons that the modest outcomes observed in trials thus far are based on quality of the cell preparation with a focus on the chronological aging of cells when autologous cells are used for transplantation in elderly patients.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Khawaja H Haider
- Department of Basic Sciences, Sulaiman AlRajhi Medical School, Al Qassim, Al Bukayria, 51941, Kingdom of Saudi Arabia
| |
Collapse
|
220
|
Yang YHK. Aging of mesenchymal stem cells: Implication in regenerative medicine. Regen Ther 2018; 9:120-122. [PMID: 30525083 PMCID: PMC6222976 DOI: 10.1016/j.reth.2018.09.002] [Citation(s) in RCA: 56] [Impact Index Per Article: 9.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/05/2018] [Revised: 08/30/2018] [Accepted: 09/13/2018] [Indexed: 12/15/2022] Open
Abstract
Multipotent mesenchymal stem cells (MSCs) represent a great candidate for various clinical applications including regenerative medicine. However, aging both in vivo and in vitro can significantly compromise MSC characteristics and performance. This paper highlights current thoughts on senescence-induced damage to MSCs that should be considered prior to their use for regeneration of different cells, tissues or organs. Multipotent mesenchymal stem cells give rise to different cell lineages of mesodermal origin. Mesenchymal stem cells can undergo aging process during extensive in-vitro expansion. Senescence, both in vivo and in vitro, damages the regenerative and therapeutic potential of mesenchymal stem cells.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Yueh-Hsun Kevin Yang
- Grove School of Engineering, The City University of New York - the City College, New York, NY 10031, USA
| |
Collapse
|
221
|
Corradi G, Baldazzi C, Očadlíková D, Marconi G, Parisi S, Testoni N, Finelli C, Cavo M, Curti A, Ciciarello M. Mesenchymal stromal cells from myelodysplastic and acute myeloid leukemia patients display in vitro reduced proliferative potential and similar capacity to support leukemia cell survival. Stem Cell Res Ther 2018; 9:271. [PMID: 30359303 PMCID: PMC6202844 DOI: 10.1186/s13287-018-1013-z] [Citation(s) in RCA: 59] [Impact Index Per Article: 9.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/11/2018] [Revised: 09/11/2018] [Accepted: 09/20/2018] [Indexed: 12/24/2022] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Mesenchymal stromal cells (MSCs) are an essential element of the bone marrow (BM) microenvironment, playing a crucial function in regulating hematopoietic stem cell proliferation and differentiation. Recent findings have outlined a putative role for MSCs in hematological malignancy development. So far, conflicting results have been collected concerning MSC abnormalities in acute myeloid leukemia (AML) and myelodysplastic syndrome (MDS). In particular, a considerable amount of evidence has been accumulated strongly supporting a permissive role of MSCs in malignancy evolution to MDS, while a potentially causative or promoting function performed by MSCs in AML has not yet been fully clarified. Here, we compared MSCs isolated from healthy, MDS, and AML subjects to investigate MSC alterations and to emphasize putative common and/or diverse features. METHODS We isolated and expanded MSCs from AML patients (AML-MSCs) and MDS patients (MDS-MSCs), and we analyzed and compared their phenotypic and functional properties with respect to each other and versus healthy donor-derived MSCs (HD-MSCs). RESULTS We found that stable MSC cultures could be easily established from HD and MDS mononuclear BM-derived cells, while a substantial fraction (25%) of AML patients failed to yield MSCs. Nevertheless, isolated MDS-MSCs and AML-MSCs, as well as HD-MSCs, contained the basic features of MSCs. Indeed, they displayed similar surface marker expression and efficient capacity to differentiate versus osteogenic and adipogenic lineage in vitro. We also proved that MDS-MSCs and AML-MSCs, analyzed by fluorescence in-situ hybridization, did not harbor leukemic cell cytogenetic abnormalities. Moreover, MDS-MSCs and AML-MSCs were similar in terms of ability to sustain AML cell viability and immune-regulatory capacity. However, we were also able to detect some differences between AML-MSCs and MDS-MSCs. Indeed, we found that the frequency of rescued MSCs was lower in the AML group than in the HD and MDS groups, suggesting that a reduced number of MSC precursors could inhabit AML BM. Instead, MDS-MSCs showed the lowest proliferative capacity, reflecting some intrinsic and particular defect. CONCLUSIONS Overall, our results elucidated that MDS-MSCs and AML-MSCs did not show macroscopic and/or tumor-related defects, but both displayed functional features potentially contributing to favor a leukemia-protective milieu.
Collapse
MESH Headings
- Adolescent
- Adult
- Aged
- Aged, 80 and over
- Biomarkers, Tumor/genetics
- Biomarkers, Tumor/metabolism
- Case-Control Studies
- Cell Differentiation
- Cell Proliferation
- Cell Survival
- Female
- Gene Expression
- Humans
- In Situ Hybridization, Fluorescence
- Leukemia, Myeloid, Acute/genetics
- Leukemia, Myeloid, Acute/metabolism
- Leukemia, Myeloid, Acute/pathology
- Male
- Mesenchymal Stem Cells/metabolism
- Mesenchymal Stem Cells/pathology
- Middle Aged
- Myelodysplastic Syndromes/genetics
- Myelodysplastic Syndromes/metabolism
- Myelodysplastic Syndromes/pathology
- Neoplasm Proteins/genetics
- Neoplasm Proteins/metabolism
- Primary Cell Culture
- Risk
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Giulia Corradi
- Department of Experimental, Diagnostic and Specialty Medicine, Institute of Hematology “L. & A. Seràgnoli”, University of Bologna, Azienda Ospedaliero—Universitaria Policlinico S. Orsola-Malpighi Bologna, Via Massarenti 9, 40138 Bologna, Italy
| | - Carmen Baldazzi
- Department of Experimental, Diagnostic and Specialty Medicine, Institute of Hematology “L. & A. Seràgnoli”, University of Bologna, Azienda Ospedaliero—Universitaria Policlinico S. Orsola-Malpighi Bologna, Via Massarenti 9, 40138 Bologna, Italy
| | - Darina Očadlíková
- Department of Experimental, Diagnostic and Specialty Medicine, Institute of Hematology “L. & A. Seràgnoli”, University of Bologna, Azienda Ospedaliero—Universitaria Policlinico S. Orsola-Malpighi Bologna, Via Massarenti 9, 40138 Bologna, Italy
| | - Giovanni Marconi
- Department of Experimental, Diagnostic and Specialty Medicine, Institute of Hematology “L. & A. Seràgnoli”, University of Bologna, Azienda Ospedaliero—Universitaria Policlinico S. Orsola-Malpighi Bologna, Via Massarenti 9, 40138 Bologna, Italy
| | - Sarah Parisi
- Department of Experimental, Diagnostic and Specialty Medicine, Institute of Hematology “L. & A. Seràgnoli”, University of Bologna, Azienda Ospedaliero—Universitaria Policlinico S. Orsola-Malpighi Bologna, Via Massarenti 9, 40138 Bologna, Italy
| | - Nicoletta Testoni
- Department of Experimental, Diagnostic and Specialty Medicine, Institute of Hematology “L. & A. Seràgnoli”, University of Bologna, Azienda Ospedaliero—Universitaria Policlinico S. Orsola-Malpighi Bologna, Via Massarenti 9, 40138 Bologna, Italy
| | - Carlo Finelli
- Department of Experimental, Diagnostic and Specialty Medicine, Institute of Hematology “L. & A. Seràgnoli”, University of Bologna, Azienda Ospedaliero—Universitaria Policlinico S. Orsola-Malpighi Bologna, Via Massarenti 9, 40138 Bologna, Italy
| | - Michele Cavo
- Department of Experimental, Diagnostic and Specialty Medicine, Institute of Hematology “L. & A. Seràgnoli”, University of Bologna, Azienda Ospedaliero—Universitaria Policlinico S. Orsola-Malpighi Bologna, Via Massarenti 9, 40138 Bologna, Italy
| | - Antonio Curti
- Department of Experimental, Diagnostic and Specialty Medicine, Institute of Hematology “L. & A. Seràgnoli”, University of Bologna, Azienda Ospedaliero—Universitaria Policlinico S. Orsola-Malpighi Bologna, Via Massarenti 9, 40138 Bologna, Italy
| | - Marilena Ciciarello
- Department of Experimental, Diagnostic and Specialty Medicine, Institute of Hematology “L. & A. Seràgnoli”, University of Bologna, Azienda Ospedaliero—Universitaria Policlinico S. Orsola-Malpighi Bologna, Via Massarenti 9, 40138 Bologna, Italy
| |
Collapse
|
222
|
Nanogel tectonic porous 3D scaffold for direct reprogramming fibroblasts into osteoblasts and bone regeneration. Sci Rep 2018; 8:15824. [PMID: 30361649 PMCID: PMC6202359 DOI: 10.1038/s41598-018-33892-z] [Citation(s) in RCA: 19] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/05/2018] [Accepted: 10/08/2018] [Indexed: 11/20/2022] Open
Abstract
Transplantation of engineered three-dimensional (3D) bone tissue may provide therapeutic benefits to patients with various bone diseases. To achieve this goal, appropriate 3D scaffolds and cells are required. In the present study, we devised a novel nanogel tectonic material for artificial 3D scaffold, namely the nanogel-cross-linked porous (NanoCliP)-freeze-dried (FD) gel, and estimated its potential as a 3D scaffold for bone tissue engineering. As the osteoblasts, directly converted osteoblasts (dOBs) were used, because a large number of highly functional osteoblasts could be induced from fibroblasts that can be collected from patients with a minimally invasive procedure. The NanoCliP-FD gel was highly porous, and fibronectin coating of the gel allowed efficient adhesion of the dOBs, so that the cells occupied the almost entire surface of the walls of the pores after culturing for 7 days. The dOBs massively produced calcified bone matrix, and the culture could be continued for at least 28 days. The NanoCliP-FD gel with dOBs remarkably promoted bone regeneration in vivo after having been grafted to bone defect lesions that were artificially created in mice. The present findings suggest that the combination of the NanoCliP-FD gel and dOBs may provide a feasible therapeutic modality for bone diseases.
Collapse
|
223
|
Khojasteh A, Hosseinpour S, Rad MR, Alikhasi M. Buccal Fat Pad-Derived Stem Cells in Three-Dimensional Rehabilitation of Large Alveolar Defects: A Report of Two Cases. J ORAL IMPLANTOL 2018; 45:45-54. [PMID: 30280966 DOI: 10.1563/aaid-joi-d-17-00215] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/22/2022]
Abstract
This case report seeks to describe efficient clinical application of adipose-derived stem cells (AdSCs) originated from buccal fat pad (BFP) in combination with conventional guided bone regeneration as protected healing space for reconstruction of large alveolar defects after extraction of multiple impacted teeth. The first case was a 19-year-old woman with several impacted teeth in the maxillary and mandibular regions, which could not be forced to erupt and were recommended for surgical extraction by the orthodontist. After this procedure, a large bone defect was created, and this space was filled by AdSC loaded natural bovine bone mineral (NBBM), which was protected with lateral ramus cortical plates, microscrews, and collagen membrane. After 6 months of post-guided bone regeneration, the patient received 6 and 7 implant placements, respectively, in the maxilla and mandible. At 10 months postoperatively, radiographic evaluation revealed thorough survival of implants. The second case was a 22-year-old man with the same complaint and large bony defects created after his teeth were extracted. After 6 months of post-guided bone regeneration, he received 4 dental implants in his maxilla and 7 implants in the mandible. At 48 months postoperatively, radiographs showed complete survival of implants. This approach represented a considerable amount of 3-dimensional bone formation in both cases, which enabled us to use dental implant therapy for rehabilitation of the whole dentition. The application of AdSCs isolated from BFP in combination with NBBM can be considered an efficient treatment for bone regeneration in large alveolar bone defects.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Arash Khojasteh
- 1 Department of Tissue Engineering and Cell Therapy, School of Advanced Technologies in Medicine, Shahid Beheshti University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran.,2 Dental Research Center, Research Institute of Dental Sciences, School of Dentistry, Shahid Beheshti University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
| | | | - Maryam Rezai Rad
- 2 Dental Research Center, Research Institute of Dental Sciences, School of Dentistry, Shahid Beheshti University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
| | - Marzieh Alikhasi
- 4 Dental Research Center, Dentistry Research Institute, Department of Prosthodontics, School of Dentistry, Tehran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
| |
Collapse
|
224
|
Liu M, Nakasaki M, Shih YRV, Varghese S. Effect of age on biomaterial-mediated in situ bone tissue regeneration. Acta Biomater 2018; 78:329-340. [PMID: 29966759 PMCID: PMC6286153 DOI: 10.1016/j.actbio.2018.06.035] [Citation(s) in RCA: 23] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/22/2018] [Revised: 05/28/2018] [Accepted: 06/28/2018] [Indexed: 12/15/2022]
Abstract
Emerging studies show the potential application of synthetic biomaterials that are intrinsically osteoconductive and osteoinductive as bone grafts to treat critical bone defects. Here, the biomaterial not only assists recruitment of endogenous cells, but also supports cellular activities relevant to bone tissue formation and function. While such biomaterial-mediated in situ tissue engineering is highly attractive, success of such an approach relies largely on the regenerative potential of the recruited cells, which is anticipated to vary with age. In this study, we investigated the effect of the age of the host on mineralized biomaterial-mediated bone tissue repair using critical-sized cranial defects as a model system. Mice of varying ages, 1-month-old (juvenile), 2-month-old (young-adult), 6-month-old (middle-aged), and 14-month-old (elderly), were used as recipients. Our results show that the bio-mineralized scaffolds support bone tissue formation by recruiting endogenous cells for all groups albeit with differences in an age-related manner. Analyses of bone tissue formation after 2 and 8 weeks post-treatment show low mineral deposition and reduced number of osteocalcin and tartrate-resistant acid phosphatase (TRAP)-expressing cells in elderly mice. STATEMENT OF SIGNIFICANCE Tissue engineering strategies that promote tissue repair through recruitment of endogenous cells will have a significant impact in regenerative medicine. Previous studies from our group have shown that biomineralized materials containing calcium phosphate minerals can contribute to neo-bone tissue through recruitment and activation of endogenous cells. In this study, we investigated the effect of age of the recipient on biomaterial-mediated bone tissue repair. Our results show that the age of the recipient mouse had a significant impact on the quality and quantity of the engineered neo-bone tissues, in which delayed/compromised bone tissue formation was observed in older mice. These findings are in agreement with the clinical observations that age of patients is a key factor in bone repair.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Mengqian Liu
- Department of Mechanical Engineering and Materials Science, Duke University, Durham, NC 27710, United States
| | - Manando Nakasaki
- Department of Bioengineering, University of California, San Diego, La Jolla, CA 92093, United States
| | - Yu-Ru Vernon Shih
- Department of Orthopaedic Surgery, Duke University, Durham, NC 27710, United States
| | - Shyni Varghese
- Department of Mechanical Engineering and Materials Science, Duke University, Durham, NC 27710, United States; Department of Orthopaedic Surgery, Duke University, Durham, NC 27710, United States; Department of Biomedical Engineering, Duke University, Durham, NC 27710, United States.
| |
Collapse
|
225
|
Gharat TP, Diaz-Rodriguez P, Erndt-Marino JD, Jimenez Vergara AC, Munoz Pinto DJ, Bearden RN, Huggins SS, Grunlan M, Saunders WB, Hahn MS. A canine in vitro model for evaluation of marrow-derived mesenchymal stromal cell-based bone scaffolds. J Biomed Mater Res A 2018; 106:2382-2393. [PMID: 29633508 PMCID: PMC6158043 DOI: 10.1002/jbm.a.36430] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/20/2017] [Revised: 02/18/2018] [Accepted: 03/28/2018] [Indexed: 12/23/2022]
Abstract
Tissue engineered bone grafts based on bone marrow mesenchymal stromal cells (MSCs) are being actively developed for craniomaxillofacial (CMF) applications. As for all tissue engineered implants, the bone-regenerating capacity of these MSC-based grafts must first be evaluated in animal models prior to human trials. Canine models have traditionally resulted in improved clinical translation of CMF grafts relative to other animal models. However, the utility of canine CMF models for evaluating MSC-based bone grafts rests on canine MSCs (cMSCs) responding in a similar manner to scaffold-based stimuli as human MSCs (hMSCs). Herein, cMSC and hMSC responses to polyethylene glycol (PEG)-based scaffolds were therefore compared in the presence or absence of osteoinductive polydimethylsiloxane (PDMS). Notably, the conjugation of PDMS to PEG-based constructs resulted in increases in both cMSC and hMSC osteopontin and calcium deposition. Based on these results, cMSCs were further used to assess the efficacy of tethered bone morphogenic protein 2 (BMP2) in enhancing PEG-PDMS scaffold osteoinductivity. Addition of low doses of tethered BMP2 (100 ng/mL) to PEG-PDMS systems increased cMSC expression of osterix and osteopontin compared to both PEG-PDMS and PEG-BMP2 controls. Furthermore, these increases were comparable to effects seen with up to five-times higher BMP2 doses noted in literature. © 2018 Wiley Periodicals, Inc. J Biomed Mater Res Part A: 106A:2382-2393, 2018.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Tanmay P. Gharat
- Department of Chemical and Biological Engineering, Rensselaer Polytechnic Institute, Troy, New York, USA
| | | | - Josh D. Erndt-Marino
- Department of Biomedical Engineering, Rensselaer Polytechnic Institute, Troy, New York, USA
| | | | - Dany J. Munoz Pinto
- Department of Biomedical Engineering, Rensselaer Polytechnic Institute, Troy, New York, USA
| | - Robert N. Bearden
- Department of Small Animal Clinical Sciences, College of Veterinary Medicine and Biomedical Sciences, Texas A&M University, College Station, Texas, USA
| | - Shannon S. Huggins
- Department of Small Animal Clinical Sciences, College of Veterinary Medicine and Biomedical Sciences, Texas A&M University, College Station, Texas, USA
| | - Melissa Grunlan
- Department of Biomedical Engineering, Texas A&M University, College Station, Texas, USA
| | - W. Brian Saunders
- Department of Small Animal Clinical Sciences, College of Veterinary Medicine and Biomedical Sciences, Texas A&M University, College Station, Texas, USA
| | - Mariah S. Hahn
- Department of Biomedical Engineering, Rensselaer Polytechnic Institute, Troy, New York, USA
| |
Collapse
|
226
|
Prager P, Kunz M, Ebert R, Klein-Hitpass L, Sieker J, Barthel T, Jakob F, Konrads C, Steinert A. Mesenchymal Stem Cells Isolated from the Anterior Cruciate Ligament: Characterization and Comparison of Cells from Young and Old Donors. Knee Surg Relat Res 2018; 30:193-205. [PMID: 29554721 PMCID: PMC6122945 DOI: 10.5792/ksrr.17.067] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/29/2017] [Revised: 11/26/2017] [Accepted: 12/16/2017] [Indexed: 12/17/2022] Open
Abstract
Purpose Mesenchymal stem cells (MSCs) isolated from the anterior cruciate ligament (ACL) share multiple characteristics of bone marrow-derived mesenchymal stem cells (BMSCs), allowing their use for regenerative therapies. Injuries to the ACL can affect people of all ages. This study assesses whether the regenerative potential of ACL-derived MSCs (ACL-MSCs) from old donors is as high as the potential of ACL-MSCs from young donors. Materials and Methods ACL-MSCs were isolated from ACL tissues obtained from young and old donors at the time of ACL reconstruction or arthroplasty. Proliferative capacity, multilineage differentiation potential (chondrogenic, osteogenic, and adipogenic lineages), and transcriptome-wide gene expression were assessed and compared between young and old donors. BMSCs of middle-aged donors served as an additional comparator. Results No substantial differences between ACL-MSCs from young and old donors were observed in their proliferative capacity and multilineage differentiation potential. The latter did not substantially differ between both ACL-MSC groups and BMSCs. Differential expression of genes related to the cytoskeleton and to protein dephosphorylation amongst other pathways was detected between ACL-MSCs from young and old donors. Conclusions Regenerative potential of ACL-MSCs from old donors was not substantially lower than that from young donors, suggesting that regenerative therapies of ACL tears are feasible in both age groups. In vivo studies of the effect of age on the efficacy of such therapies are needed.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Patrick Prager
- Department of Orthopaedic Surgery, Koenig-Ludwig-Haus, Center for Musculoskeletal Research, Julius-Maximilians-University Wuerzburg, Wuerzburg, Germany
| | - Manuela Kunz
- Department of Orthopaedic Surgery, Koenig-Ludwig-Haus, Center for Musculoskeletal Research, Julius-Maximilians-University Wuerzburg, Wuerzburg, Germany
| | - Regina Ebert
- Department of Orthopaedic Surgery, Koenig-Ludwig-Haus, Center for Musculoskeletal Research, Julius-Maximilians-University Wuerzburg, Wuerzburg, Germany
| | - Ludger Klein-Hitpass
- BioChip Laboratory, Center for Medical Biotechnology, University of Duisburg-Essen, Essen, Germany
| | - Jakob Sieker
- Department of Orthopaedic Surgery, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA, USA
| | - Thomas Barthel
- Department of Orthopaedic Surgery, Koenig-Ludwig-Haus, Center for Musculoskeletal Research, Julius-Maximilians-University Wuerzburg, Wuerzburg, Germany
| | - Franz Jakob
- Department of Orthopaedic Surgery, Koenig-Ludwig-Haus, Center for Musculoskeletal Research, Julius-Maximilians-University Wuerzburg, Wuerzburg, Germany
| | - Christian Konrads
- Department of Orthopaedic Surgery, Koenig-Ludwig-Haus, Center for Musculoskeletal Research, Julius-Maximilians-University Wuerzburg, Wuerzburg, Germany.,Department of Orthopaedic Trauma, Center for Trauma Research, BG Trauma Center Tuebingen, University of Tuebingen, Tuebingen, Germany
| | - Andre Steinert
- Department of Orthopaedic Surgery, Koenig-Ludwig-Haus, Center for Musculoskeletal Research, Julius-Maximilians-University Wuerzburg, Wuerzburg, Germany.,Department of Orthopaedics and Traumatology, Agatharied Hospital, Teaching Hospital of the University of Munich, Hausham, Germany
| |
Collapse
|
227
|
Khedgikar V, Lehoczky JA. Evidence for Lgr6 as a Novel Marker of Osteoblastic Progenitors in Mice. JBMR Plus 2018; 3:e10075. [PMID: 30828690 DOI: 10.1002/jbm4.10075] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/02/2018] [Revised: 07/25/2018] [Accepted: 08/05/2018] [Indexed: 11/07/2022] Open
Abstract
Bone marrow-derived mesenchymal stem cells are an important source of osteoblasts critical for both bone homeostasis and repair. The ability to isolate, or specifically target, mesenchymal stem cells committed to the osteogenic lineage is necessary for orthopedic translational therapy efforts; however the precise molecular signature of these cells remains elusive. Previously, we identified a population of osteoprogenitor cells expressing the Wnt signaling agonist Lgr6, which contributes to the development and regeneration of the mouse digit tip bone. In our present study we build upon this data and investigate the expression of Lgr6 more broadly in the skeleton. We find that Lgr6, and closely related Lgr4, are expressed in mouse primary calvarial cells, bone marrow cells, and bone marrow-derived mesenchymal stem cells. In addition, our data demonstrates that Lgr4 expression is modestly increased throughout the differentiation and mineralization of mesenchymal stem cells. In contrast, we find Lgr6 expression to be strikingly increased upon osteogenic induction and subsequently decreased upon differentiation and mineralization. These findings provide evidence for Lgr6 as a novel marker of osteoprogenitor cells in bone marrow, which could prove useful for isolation of this population toward future research and clinical applications.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Vikram Khedgikar
- Department of Orthopedic Surgery Brigham and Women's Hospital Harvard Medical School Boston MA USA
| | - Jessica A Lehoczky
- Department of Orthopedic Surgery Brigham and Women's Hospital Harvard Medical School Boston MA USA
| |
Collapse
|
228
|
Zhang B, Zhang PB, Wang ZL, Lyu ZW, Wu H. Tissue-engineered composite scaffold of poly(lactide-co-glycolide) and hydroxyapatite nanoparticles seeded with autologous mesenchymal stem cells for bone regeneration. J Zhejiang Univ Sci B 2018; 18:963-976. [PMID: 29119734 DOI: 10.1631/jzus.b1600412] [Citation(s) in RCA: 22] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/11/2022]
Abstract
OBJECTIVE A new therapeutic strategy using nanocomposite scaffolds of grafted hydroxyapatite (g-HA)/ poly(lactide-co-glycolide) (PLGA) carried with autologous mesenchymal stem cells (MSCs) and bone morphogenetic protein-2 (BMP-2) was assessed for the therapy of critical bone defects. At the same time, tissue response and in vivo mineralization of tissue-engineered implants were investigated. METHODS A composite scaffold of PLGA and g-HA was fabricated by the solvent casting and particulate-leaching method. The tissue-engineered implants were prepared by seeding the scaffolds with autologous bone marrow MSCs in vitro. Then, mineralization and osteogenesis were observed by intramuscular implantation, as well as the repair of the critical radius defects in rabbits. RESULTS After eight weeks post-surgery, scanning electron microscopy (SEM) and energy dispersive X-ray spectroscopy (EDX) revealed that g-HA/PLGA had a better interface of tissue response and higher mineralization than PLGA. Apatite particles were formed and varied both in macropores and micropores of g-HA/PLGA. Computer radiographs and histological analysis revealed that there were more and more quickly formed new bone formations and better fusion in the bone defect areas of g-HA/PLGA at 2-8 weeks post-surgery. Typical bone synostosis between the implant and bone tissue was found in g-HA/PLGA, while only fibrous tissues formed in PLGA. CONCLUSIONS The incorporation of g-HA mainly improved mineralization and bone formation compared with PLGA. The application of MSCs can enhance bone formation and mineralization in PLGA scaffolds compared with cell-free scaffolds. Furthermore, it can accelerate the absorption of scaffolds compared with composite scaffolds.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Bing Zhang
- Department of Clinical Laboratory, Second Hospital of Jilin University, Changchun 130041, China
| | - Pei-Biao Zhang
- Key Laboratory of Polymer Ecomaterials, Changchun Institute of Applied Chemistry, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Changchun 130022, China
| | - Zong-Liang Wang
- Key Laboratory of Polymer Ecomaterials, Changchun Institute of Applied Chemistry, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Changchun 130022, China
| | - Zhong-Wen Lyu
- Department of Radiology, China-Japan Union Hospital of Jilin University, Changchun 130033, China
| | - Han Wu
- Department of Orthopedics, China-Japan Union Hospital of Jilin University, Changchun 130033, China
| |
Collapse
|
229
|
Pan J, Huang C, Chen G, Cai Z, Zhang Z. MicroRNA-451 blockade promotes osteoblastic differentiation and skeletal anabolic effects by promoting YWHAZ-mediated RUNX2 protein stabilization. MEDCHEMCOMM 2018; 9:1359-1368. [PMID: 30151091 PMCID: PMC6097111 DOI: 10.1039/c8md00187a] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/05/2018] [Accepted: 06/28/2018] [Indexed: 12/12/2022]
Abstract
Background: senile osteoporosis researchers are now seeking to promote osteoblastogenesis and resultant bone formation to directly counteract age-related bone loss. Targeting microRNA (miRNA) activity in adult osteoblasts may be a successful therapeutic strategy for age-related bone loss. We investigated the mechanism(s) by which miRNAs negatively regulate osteoblastogenesis and bone formation in vitro and in vivo. Methods: we performed a miRNA microarray screen followed by PCR validation in adult bone marrow-derived mesenchymal stem cells during the proliferation-to-mineralization transition to identify downregulated miRNAs, most notably miR-451. Primary human calvarial pre-osteoblasts were isolated and transfected with miR-451's agomir or antagomir for in vitro assays. Bioinformatics analysis and in vitro experiments verified YWHAZ as a miR-451 target gene. We next investigated the effects of YWHAZ knockdown on osteoblastic differentiation. To examine the effects of miR-451's antagomir in vivo, we injected ovariectomized (OVX) or sham-operated mice with miR-451's antagomir over a period of six weeks. We isolated stromal cells from murine bone marrow on week six for further ex vivo experimentation. Results: miR-451's antagomir stimulated pre-osteoblast differentiation into a more differentiated, mineralized phenotype. This phenotype was associated with upregulated RUNX2, ALP, and COL1A1 protein expression. miR-451's antagomir derepresses YWHAZ expression, thereby enhancing RUNX2 protein stability and promoting osteoblastic differentiation. When injected in vivo, miR-451's antagomir promotes osteoblastogenesis and mineralization, reversed OVX-induced bone loss, and increased bone strength in OVX and sham-operated mice. Conclusions: miR-451 suppresses osteoblastogenesis in vitro and in vivo. miR-451 inhibition may serve as an effective anabolic therapeutic strategy in senile osteoporosis patients.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Jieen Pan
- Department of Orthopaedics , The Second Hospital of Jiaxing , No. 1518, Huancheng Road Nanhu District , Jiaxing 314000 , Zhejiang Province , P.R. China .
| | - Chenglong Huang
- Department of Orthopaedics , The Second Hospital of Jiaxing , No. 1518, Huancheng Road Nanhu District , Jiaxing 314000 , Zhejiang Province , P.R. China .
| | - Gang Chen
- Department of Orthopaedics , The Second Hospital of Jiaxing , No. 1518, Huancheng Road Nanhu District , Jiaxing 314000 , Zhejiang Province , P.R. China .
| | - Zhenhai Cai
- Department of Orthopaedics , The Second Hospital of Jiaxing , No. 1518, Huancheng Road Nanhu District , Jiaxing 314000 , Zhejiang Province , P.R. China .
| | - Zhongwei Zhang
- Department of Orthopaedics , The Second Hospital of Jiaxing , No. 1518, Huancheng Road Nanhu District , Jiaxing 314000 , Zhejiang Province , P.R. China .
| |
Collapse
|
230
|
Abstract
BACKGROUND Paradoxically, elderly persons with type 2 diabetes mellitus (T2DM) fracture despite having higher bone density than nondiabetics. Systemic factors associated with aging and T2DM may have detrimental, local effects on the skeleton. One such factor could be by altering the microenvironment of the mesenchymal stem cells (MSCs), multipotent progenitors capable of differentiating into adipocytes or osteoblasts. METHODS Sera were obtained from four participant groups (n = 40 total, 10 per group): (1) young women with normal glucose tolerance (NGTY), (2) postmenopausal women with NGT), (3) postmenopausal women with impaired glucose tolerance (IGT), and (4) postmenopausal women with T2DM. Sera were incubated with human MSCs for 14 days. Cell proliferation and apoptosis were measured using EdU and TUNEL labeling assays, respectively. MSC differentiation for each group was determined using osteogenic and adipogenic gene expression markers quantified by qRT-PCR, as well as Alizarin Red and Oil Red O staining. RESULTS Expression of adipogenic genes was greater than twofold higher (P < 0.05) in MSCs cultured with T2DM sera compared to those incubated with NGTY, NGT, or IGT sera. The increase in adipogenic gene expression corresponded with increased Oil Red O staining. Despite the increased adipogenic differentiation of MSCs exposed to T2DM sera, cell proliferation and apoptosis rates as well as osteoblastic activity were not significantly different among the four conditions. CONCLUSIONS Systemic, circulating factors in the serum of older women with T2DM may promote MSC differentiation into adipocytes versus osteoblasts. Increased differentiation of MSCs into adipocytes is one possible mechanism by which T2DM increases fracture risk.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Kendall F. Moseley
- Division of Endocrinology, Diabetes and Metabolism, Johns Hopkins University School of Medicine, 5200 Eastern Avenue, MFL Center Tower, Suite 4300, Baltimore, MD 21224
| | - Máire E. Doyle
- Diabetes Section, LCI, NIA/NIH; 251 Bayview Boulevard, BRC, Baltimore, MD 21224
| | - Suzanne M. Jan de Beur
- Division of Endocrinology, Diabetes and Metabolism, Johns Hopkins University School of Medicine, 5200 Eastern Avenue, MFL Center Tower, Suite 4300, Baltimore, MD 21224
| |
Collapse
|
231
|
Sladkova M, Alawadhi R, Jaragh Alhaddad R, Esmael A, Alansari S, Saad M, Mulla Yousef J, Alqaoud L, de Peppo GM. Segmental Additive Tissue Engineering. Sci Rep 2018; 8:10895. [PMID: 30022102 PMCID: PMC6052158 DOI: 10.1038/s41598-018-29270-4] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/12/2018] [Accepted: 07/09/2018] [Indexed: 01/04/2023] Open
Abstract
Segmental bone defects caused by trauma and disease represent a major clinical problem worldwide. Current treatment options are limited and often associated with poor outcomes and severe complications. Bone engineering is a promising alternative solution, but a number of technical challenges must be addressed to allow for effective and reproducible construction of segmental grafts that meet the size and geometrical requirements needed for individual patients and routine clinical applications. It is important to devise engineering strategies and standard operating procedures that make it possible to scale up the size of bone-engineered grafts, minimize process and product variability, and facilitate technology transfer and implementation. To address these issues, we have combined traditional and modular tissue engineering approaches in a strategy referred to as Segmental Additive Tissue Engineering (SATE). To demonstrate this approach, a digital reconstruction of a rabbit femoral defect was partitioned transversally to the longitudinal axis into segments (modules) with discoidal geometry and defined thickness to enable protocol standardization and effective tissue formation in vitro. Bone grafts corresponding to each segment were then engineered using biomimetic scaffolds seeded with human induced pluripotent stem cell-derived mesodermal progenitors (iPSC-MPs) and a novel perfusion bioreactor with universal design. The SATE strategy enables the effective and reproducible engineering of segmental bone grafts for personalized skeletal reconstruction, and will facilitate technology transfer and implementation of a tissue engineering approach to segmental bone defect therapy.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Martina Sladkova
- The New York Stem Cell Foundation Research Institute, New York, NY, USA
| | - Rawan Alawadhi
- The New York Stem Cell Foundation Research Institute, New York, NY, USA
| | | | - Asmaa Esmael
- The New York Stem Cell Foundation Research Institute, New York, NY, USA
| | - Shoug Alansari
- The New York Stem Cell Foundation Research Institute, New York, NY, USA
| | - Munerah Saad
- The New York Stem Cell Foundation Research Institute, New York, NY, USA
| | | | - Lulwa Alqaoud
- The New York Stem Cell Foundation Research Institute, New York, NY, USA
| | | |
Collapse
|
232
|
Zhang W, Huang C, Sun A, Qiao L, Zhang X, Huang J, Sun X, Yang X, Sun S. Hydrogen alleviates cellular senescence via regulation of ROS/p53/p21 pathway in bone marrow-derived mesenchymal stem cells in vivo. Biomed Pharmacother 2018; 106:1126-1134. [PMID: 30119179 DOI: 10.1016/j.biopha.2018.07.020] [Citation(s) in RCA: 20] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/29/2018] [Revised: 07/02/2018] [Accepted: 07/03/2018] [Indexed: 12/20/2022] Open
Abstract
Senescence has become a hot point issue in recent decades and requires urgent attention. As a novel and effective antioxidant, hydrogen has been proved to alleviate cellular senescence in endothelial cells in vitro. However, the effects and mechanisms of hydrogen on senescence in vivo are still unclear. In the present study, 12-month-old Sprague Dawley (SD) rats were intraperitoneal administration of hydrogen-rich saline (HRS, 10 ml/kg). Subsequently, bone marrow-derived stem cells (BMSCs) were harvested for the detection of hydrogen antisenescence effects and mechanisms. The results showed that the number of senescence-associated β-galactosidase (SA-β-Gal) positive cells was reduced in BMSCs from rats treated with HRS. BMSCs in rats treated with HRS possessed a better proliferation ability, showed more effectively tri-lineage differentiation potential, and had less percentage of cells in G1 cell cycle arrest than the control cells. Additionally, HRS administration inhibited the production of intracellular reactive oxygen species (ROS) and decreased the expression of senescence-related proteins p53 and p21. Our results revealed that hydrogen could alleviate cellular senescence in vivo. And the underlying mechanism of antisenescence effects of hydrogen in BMSCs was via the ROS/p53/p21 signaling pathway. Thus, hydrogen could be a new and convenient strategy for alleviating senescence and for therapy of age-related diseases.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Wenbo Zhang
- First Clinical College, Chongqing Medical University, #1 Yi-Xue-Yuan Road, Chongqing, 400016, China
| | - Chao Huang
- Department of Anatomy, Institute of Biomedical Engineering, Second Military Medical University, #800 Xiangyin Road, Shanghai, 200433, China
| | - Aijun Sun
- Department of Anatomy, Institute of Biomedical Engineering, Second Military Medical University, #800 Xiangyin Road, Shanghai, 200433, China
| | - Liang Qiao
- Department of Anatomy, Institute of Biomedical Engineering, Second Military Medical University, #800 Xiangyin Road, Shanghai, 200433, China
| | - Xi Zhang
- Department of Anatomy, Institute of Biomedical Engineering, Second Military Medical University, #800 Xiangyin Road, Shanghai, 200433, China
| | - Junlong Huang
- Department of Navy Aeromedicine, Second Military Medical University, #800 Xiangyin Road, Shanghai, 200433, China
| | - Xuejun Sun
- Department of Navy Aeromedicine, Second Military Medical University, #800 Xiangyin Road, Shanghai, 200433, China
| | - Xiangqun Yang
- Department of Anatomy, Institute of Biomedical Engineering, Second Military Medical University, #800 Xiangyin Road, Shanghai, 200433, China.
| | - Shanquan Sun
- Department of Anatomy, Chongqing Medical University, #1 Yi-Xue-Yuan Road, Chongqing, 400016, China.
| |
Collapse
|
233
|
Bolamperti S, Signo M, Spinello A, Moro G, Fraschini G, Guidobono F, Rubinacci A, Villa I. GH prevents adipogenic differentiation of mesenchymal stromal stem cells derived from human trabecular bone via canonical Wnt signaling. Bone 2018; 112:136-144. [PMID: 29694926 DOI: 10.1016/j.bone.2018.04.014] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/21/2017] [Revised: 04/16/2018] [Accepted: 04/16/2018] [Indexed: 10/17/2022]
Abstract
The imbalance between osteogenesis and adipogenesis, which naturally accompanies bone marrow senescence, may contribute to the development of bone-associated diseases, like osteoporosis. In the present study, using primary human mesenchymal stromal cells (hMSCs) isolated from trabecular bone, we assessed the possible effect of GH on hMSC differentiation potential into adipocytes. GH (5 ng/ml) significantly inhibited the lipid accumulation in hMSCs cultured for 14 days in lipogenic medium. GH decreased the expression of the adipogenic genes, CCAAT/enhancer-binding protein alpha (C/EBPα) and adiponectin (ADN) as well as the expression of two lipogenesis-related enzymes, lipoprotein lipase (LPL) and acethylCoA carboxylase (ACACA). In parallel, GH induced an increase in the gene expression and protein levels of osterix (OSX) and osteoprotegerin (OPG). These effects were ascribed to enhanced Wnt signaling as GH significantly reduced Wnt inhibitors, Dickkopf 1 (DKK1) and the secreted frizzled protein 2 (SFRP2), and increased the expression of an activator of Wnt, Wnt3. Accordingly, the expression of β-catenin and its nuclear levels were raised. Wnt involvement in GH anti-adipogenic effect was further confirmed by the silencing of β-catenin. In silenced hMSC, both the inhibitory effect of GH on the expression of the adipogenic genes, ADN and C/EBPα and the lipogenesis enzymes LPL and ACACA, were prevented together with the stimulatory effect of GH on the osteogenic genes OSX and OPG. The present study supports the hypothesis that when GH secretion declines as in aging, the fat in the bone-marrow cavities increases and the osteogenic capacity of the MSC pool is reduced due to a decrease in Wnt signaling.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Simona Bolamperti
- Bone Metabolism Unit, Division of Genetics and Cell Biology, San Raffaele Scientific Institute, Milan, Italy
| | - Michela Signo
- Bone Metabolism Unit, Division of Genetics and Cell Biology, San Raffaele Scientific Institute, Milan, Italy
| | - Alice Spinello
- Bone Metabolism Unit, Division of Genetics and Cell Biology, San Raffaele Scientific Institute, Milan, Italy
| | - GianLuigi Moro
- Orthopaedic Unit, Dept of Surgery, San Raffaele Scientific Institute, Milan, Italy
| | - Gianfranco Fraschini
- Orthopaedic Unit, Dept of Surgery, San Raffaele Scientific Institute, Milan, Italy
| | - Francesca Guidobono
- Bone Metabolism Unit, Division of Genetics and Cell Biology, San Raffaele Scientific Institute, Milan, Italy
| | - Alessandro Rubinacci
- Bone Metabolism Unit, Division of Genetics and Cell Biology, San Raffaele Scientific Institute, Milan, Italy
| | - Isabella Villa
- Bone Metabolism Unit, Division of Genetics and Cell Biology, San Raffaele Scientific Institute, Milan, Italy.
| |
Collapse
|
234
|
Baek SM, Son Y, Hong HS. Substance P blocks the impairment of paracrine potential of MSC due to long term culture. Mol Cell Toxicol 2018. [DOI: 10.1007/s13273-018-0031-3] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/01/2023]
|
235
|
Ganguly P, El-Jawhari JJ, Giannoudis PV, Burska AN, Ponchel F, Jones EA. Age-related Changes in Bone Marrow Mesenchymal Stromal Cells: A Potential Impact on Osteoporosis and Osteoarthritis Development. Cell Transplant 2018; 26:1520-1529. [PMID: 29113463 PMCID: PMC5680949 DOI: 10.1177/0963689717721201] [Citation(s) in RCA: 149] [Impact Index Per Article: 24.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/13/2022] Open
Abstract
Aging at the cellular level is a complex process resulting from accumulation of various damages leading to functional impairment and a reduced quality of life at the level of the organism. With a rise in the elderly population, the worldwide incidence of osteoporosis (OP) and osteoarthritis (OA) has increased in the past few decades. A decline in the number and "fitness" of mesenchymal stromal cells (MSCs) in the bone marrow (BM) niche has been suggested as one of the factors contributing to bone abnormalities in OP and OA. It is well recognized that MSCs in vitro acquire culture-induced aging features such as gradual telomere shortening, increased numbers of senescent cells, and reduced resistance to oxidative stress as a result of serial population doublings. In contrast, there is only limited evidence that human BM-MSCs "age" similarly in vivo. This review compares the various aspects of in vitro and in vivo MSC aging and suggests how our current knowledge on rejuvenating cultured MSCs could be applied to develop future strategies to target altered bone formation processes in OP and OA.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Payal Ganguly
- 1 Leeds Institute of Rheumatic and Musculoskeletal Medicine, University of Leeds, Leeds, United Kingdom
| | - Jehan J El-Jawhari
- 1 Leeds Institute of Rheumatic and Musculoskeletal Medicine, University of Leeds, Leeds, United Kingdom
| | - Peter V Giannoudis
- 1 Leeds Institute of Rheumatic and Musculoskeletal Medicine, University of Leeds, Leeds, United Kingdom.,2 Leeds Musculoskeletal Biomedical Research Unit, University of Leeds, Leeds, United Kingdom
| | - Agata N Burska
- 1 Leeds Institute of Rheumatic and Musculoskeletal Medicine, University of Leeds, Leeds, United Kingdom.,2 Leeds Musculoskeletal Biomedical Research Unit, University of Leeds, Leeds, United Kingdom
| | - Frederique Ponchel
- 1 Leeds Institute of Rheumatic and Musculoskeletal Medicine, University of Leeds, Leeds, United Kingdom.,2 Leeds Musculoskeletal Biomedical Research Unit, University of Leeds, Leeds, United Kingdom
| | - Elena A Jones
- 1 Leeds Institute of Rheumatic and Musculoskeletal Medicine, University of Leeds, Leeds, United Kingdom
| |
Collapse
|
236
|
Abstract
Bone nonunion is a pathological condition in which all bone healing processes have stopped, resulting in abnormal mobility between 2 bone segments. The incidence of bone-related injuries will increase in an aging population, leading to such injuries reaching epidemic proportions. Tissue engineering and cell therapy using mesenchymal stem cells (MSCs) have raised the possibility of implanting living tissue for bone reconstruction. Bone marrow was first proposed as the source of stem cells for bone regeneration. However, as the quantity of MSCs in the bone marrow decreases, the capacity of osteogenic differentiation of bone marrow stem cells is also impaired by the donor's age in terms of reduced MSC replicative capacity; an increased number of apoptotic cells; formation of colonies positive for alkaline phosphatase; and decreases in the availability, growth potential, and temporal mobilization of MSCs for bone formation in case of fracture. Adipose-derived stem cells (ASCs) demonstrate several advantages over those from bone marrow, including a less invasive harvesting procedure, a higher number of stem cell progenitors from an equivalent amount of tissue harvested, increased proliferation and differentiation capacities, and better angiogenic and osteogenic properties in vivo. Subcutaneous native adipose tissue was not affected by the donor's age in terms of cellular senescence and yield of ASC isolation. In addition, a constant mRNA level of osteocalcin and alkaline phosphatase with a similar level of matrix mineralization of ASCs remained unaffected by donor age after osteogenic differentiation. The secretome of ASCs was also unaffected by age when aiming to promote angiogenesis by vascular endothelial growth factor (VEGF) release in hypoxic conditions. Therefore, the use of adipose cells for bone tissue engineering is not limited by the donor's age from the isolation of stem cells up to the manufacturing of a complex osteogenic graft.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Denis Dufrane
- 1 Novadip Biosciences, Mont-Saint-Guibert, Belgium.,2 Theracell Consulting, Lasne, Belgium
| |
Collapse
|
237
|
Watanabe K, Ikuno Y, Kakeya Y, Kito H, Matsubara A, Kaneda M, Katsuyama Y, Naka-Kaneda H. Functional similarities of microRNAs across different types of tissue stem cells in aging. Inflamm Regen 2018; 38:9. [PMID: 29991971 PMCID: PMC5989452 DOI: 10.1186/s41232-018-0066-9] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/01/2018] [Accepted: 04/06/2018] [Indexed: 01/01/2023] Open
Abstract
Restoration of tissue homeostasis by controlling stem cell aging is a promising therapeutic approach for geriatric disorders. The molecular mechanisms underlying age-related dysfunctions of specific types of adult tissue stem cells (TSCs) have been studied, and various microRNAs were recently reported to be involved. However, the central roles of microRNAs in stem cell aging remain unclear. Interest in this area was sparked by murine heterochronic parabiosis experiments, which demonstrated that systemic factors can restore the functions of TSCs. Age-related changes in secretion profiles, termed the senescence-associated secretory phenotype, have attracted attention, and several pro- and anti-aging factors have been identified. On the other hand, many microRNAs are linked with the age-dependent dysregulations of various physiological processes, including “stem cell aging.” This review summarizes microRNAs that appear to play common roles in stem cell aging.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Koichiro Watanabe
- Department of Anatomy, Shiga University of Medical Science, Seta Tsukinowa-cho, Otsu, Shiga 520-2192 Japan
| | - Yasuaki Ikuno
- Department of Anatomy, Shiga University of Medical Science, Seta Tsukinowa-cho, Otsu, Shiga 520-2192 Japan
| | - Yumi Kakeya
- Department of Anatomy, Shiga University of Medical Science, Seta Tsukinowa-cho, Otsu, Shiga 520-2192 Japan
| | - Hirotaka Kito
- Department of Anatomy, Shiga University of Medical Science, Seta Tsukinowa-cho, Otsu, Shiga 520-2192 Japan
| | - Aoi Matsubara
- Department of Anatomy, Shiga University of Medical Science, Seta Tsukinowa-cho, Otsu, Shiga 520-2192 Japan
| | - Mizuki Kaneda
- Department of Anatomy, Shiga University of Medical Science, Seta Tsukinowa-cho, Otsu, Shiga 520-2192 Japan
| | - Yu Katsuyama
- Department of Anatomy, Shiga University of Medical Science, Seta Tsukinowa-cho, Otsu, Shiga 520-2192 Japan
| | - Hayato Naka-Kaneda
- Department of Anatomy, Shiga University of Medical Science, Seta Tsukinowa-cho, Otsu, Shiga 520-2192 Japan
| |
Collapse
|
238
|
Whiting D, Chung WO, Johnson JD, Paranjpe A. Characterization of the Cellular Responses of Dental Mesenchymal Stem Cells to the Immune System. J Endod 2018; 44:1126-1131. [PMID: 29884336 DOI: 10.1016/j.joen.2018.03.018] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/07/2017] [Revised: 03/26/2018] [Accepted: 03/31/2018] [Indexed: 01/09/2023]
Abstract
INTRODUCTION Dental stem cells have gained importance recently and are being used for various purposes in regenerative medicine and dentistry. Although much research has been done to show the various properties of these dental stem cells, the immunomodulatory properties of some of these stem cells are still unknown. This is important considering these cells are being used routinely. Therefore, the aim of this study was to investigate the interactions between the activated immune cells and 3 types of dental-derived mesenchymal stem cells: dental pulp stem cells, stem cells from human exfoliated deciduous teeth, and stem cells of the apical papilla (SCAP). METHODS SCAP, dental pulp stem cells, stem cells from human exfoliated deciduous teeth, and periodontal ligament fibroblasts were cultured, and various assays were performed including a proliferation assay, flow cytometric analysis, lactate dehydrogenase and chromium-51 cytotoxicity assays, and an enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay to evaluate the interactions of these dental stem cells when cocultured with either peripheral blood mononuclear cells or natural killer cells. RESULTS SCAP were less resistant to immune cell-mediated cytotoxicity as seen from the results obtained from the LDH and chromium-51 cytotoxicity assays. The flow cytometric analysis showed a lower resilience of SCAP to cytotoxic compounds. The enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay results demonstrated that the SCAP induced high levels of proinflammatory cytokine secretion compared with the other dental stem cells. CONCLUSIONS SCAP did not perform as well as the other dental stem cells. This could in turn affect their survival and differentiation abilities as well as their functionality. This may be an important aspect to consider when selecting dental stem cells for various regenerative procedures.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Dean Whiting
- Department of Endodontics, University of Washington, Seattle, Washington
| | - Whasun Oh Chung
- Department of Oral Health Sciences, University of Washington, Seattle, Washington
| | - James D Johnson
- Department of Endodontics, University of Washington, Seattle, Washington
| | - Avina Paranjpe
- Department of Endodontics, University of Washington, Seattle, Washington.
| |
Collapse
|
239
|
Vachhani K, Whyne C, Wang Y, Burns DM, Nam D. Low-dose lithium regimen enhances endochondral fracture healing in osteoporotic rodent bone. J Orthop Res 2018; 36:1783-1789. [PMID: 29106746 DOI: 10.1002/jor.23799] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/10/2017] [Accepted: 10/26/2017] [Indexed: 02/04/2023]
Abstract
Osteoporotic bone fractures are highly prevalent and involve lengthy recovery. Lithium, commonly used in psychiatric medicine, inhibits glycogen synthase kinase-3β in the Wnt/β-catenin pathway, leading to up-regulation of osteogenesis. Our recent preclinical work demonstrated that a 20 mg/kg lithium dose administered beginning 7 days post-fracture for 14 days optimally improved femoral fracture healing in healthy rats at 4 weeks post fracture (46% higher torsional strength). In this study, lithium treatment was evaluated for healing of osteoporotic bone fractures. Six-month-old ovariectomized rats were subjected to closed, load-drop induced femoral diaphyseal fracture. Two regimens involving treatment initiation on day 7 and day 10, respectively, 20 mg/kg/day oral dose and 14 days duration were evaluated. Femurs of lithium- vs. saline- treated rats were analyzed at 4 weeks (for day 7 onset regimen) or 6 weeks (for day 10 onset regimen) post-fracture by stereology and torsional mechanical testing. Initiation on day 10 led to a significant 50% higher maximum yield torque (primary outcome measure) at 6 weeks (309 vs. 206 N-mm, p = 0.005; n = 7, 7). Initiation on day 7 suggested a trend toward a more modest improvement in maximum yield torque (13%) evaluated at 4 weeks post-fracture (234 vs. 206 N-mm, p = 0.10; n = 10, 13). Qualitatively, lithium-treated femurs demonstrated better periosteal and mineralized callus bridging in the day 10 initiation group. Lithium is a widely-available, orally administered, low-cost drug, which represents a feasible pharmacological intervention for both healthy and osteoporotic fracture healing. This study provides important guidelines for future clinical evaluation of lithium in osteoporotic fracture patients. © 2017 Orthopaedic Research Society. Published by Wiley Periodicals, Inc. J Orthop Res 36:1783-1789, 2018.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Kathak Vachhani
- Sunnybrook Research Institute, 2075 Bayview Avenue, Toronto, M4N 3M5, Ontario, Canada.,Institute of Biomaterials and Biomedical Engineering, University of Toronto, Toronto, Ontario, Canada
| | - Cari Whyne
- Sunnybrook Research Institute, 2075 Bayview Avenue, Toronto, M4N 3M5, Ontario, Canada.,Institute of Biomaterials and Biomedical Engineering, University of Toronto, Toronto, Ontario, Canada.,Division of Orthopedic Surgery, Department of Surgery, University of Toronto, Toronto, Ontario, Canada
| | - Yufa Wang
- Sunnybrook Research Institute, 2075 Bayview Avenue, Toronto, M4N 3M5, Ontario, Canada
| | - David M Burns
- Sunnybrook Research Institute, 2075 Bayview Avenue, Toronto, M4N 3M5, Ontario, Canada.,Institute of Biomaterials and Biomedical Engineering, University of Toronto, Toronto, Ontario, Canada.,Division of Orthopedic Surgery, Department of Surgery, University of Toronto, Toronto, Ontario, Canada
| | - Diane Nam
- Sunnybrook Research Institute, 2075 Bayview Avenue, Toronto, M4N 3M5, Ontario, Canada.,Division of Orthopedic Surgery, Department of Surgery, University of Toronto, Toronto, Ontario, Canada
| |
Collapse
|
240
|
Gao B, Lin X, Jing H, Fan J, Ji C, Jie Q, Zheng C, Wang D, Xu X, Hu Y, Lu W, Luo Z, Yang L. Local delivery of tetramethylpyrazine eliminates the senescent phenotype of bone marrow mesenchymal stromal cells and creates an anti-inflammatory and angiogenic environment in aging mice. Aging Cell 2018; 17:e12741. [PMID: 29488314 PMCID: PMC5946084 DOI: 10.1111/acel.12741] [Citation(s) in RCA: 43] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Accepted: 01/14/2018] [Indexed: 01/01/2023] Open
Abstract
Aging drives the accumulation of senescent cells (SnCs) including stem/progenitor cells in bone marrow, which contributes to aging‐related bone degenerative pathologies. Local elimination of SnCs has been shown as potential treatment for degenerative diseases. As LepR+ mesenchymal stem/progenitor cells (MSPCs) in bone marrow are the major population for forming bone/cartilage and maintaining HSCs niche, whether local elimination of senescent LepR+MSPCs delays aging‐related pathologies and improves local microenvironment need to be well defined. In this study, we performed local delivery of tetramethylpyrazine (TMP) in bone marrow of aging mice, which previously showed to be used for the prevention and treatment of glucocorticoid‐induced osteoporosis (GIOP). We found the increased accumulation of senescent LepR+MSPCs in bone marrow of aging mice, and TMP significantly inhibited the cell senescent phenotype via modulating Ezh2‐H3k27me3. Most importantly, local delivery of TMP improved bone marrow microenvironment and maintained bone homeostasis in aging mice by increasing metabolic and anti‐inflammatory responses, inducing H‐type vessel formation, and maintaining HSCs niche. These findings provide evidence on the mechanisms, characteristics and functions of local elimination of SnCs in bone marrow, as well as the use of TMP as a potential treatment to ameliorate human age‐related skeletal diseases and to promote healthy lifespan.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Bo Gao
- Institute of Orthopedic Surgery; Xijing Hospital; Fourth Military Medical University; Xi'an China
| | - Xisheng Lin
- Institute of Orthopedic Surgery; Xijing Hospital; Fourth Military Medical University; Xi'an China
| | - Huan Jing
- State Key Laboratory of Military Stomatology & National Clinical Research Center for Oral Diseases & Shaanxi International Joint Research Center for Oral Diseases; Center for Tissue Engineering, School of Stomatology; Fourth Military Medical University; Xi'an China
| | - Jing Fan
- Institute of Orthopedic Surgery; Xijing Hospital; Fourth Military Medical University; Xi'an China
| | - Chenchen Ji
- Department of Neurosurgery; Xijing Hospital; Fourth Military Medical University; Xi'an China
| | - Qiang Jie
- Department of Orthopedic Surgery; Hong-Hui Hospital; Xi'an Jiaotong University; College of Medicine; Xi'an China
| | - Chao Zheng
- Institute of Orthopedic Surgery; Xijing Hospital; Fourth Military Medical University; Xi'an China
| | - Di Wang
- Institute of Orthopedic Surgery; Xijing Hospital; Fourth Military Medical University; Xi'an China
| | - Xiaolong Xu
- Institute of Orthopedic Surgery; Xijing Hospital; Fourth Military Medical University; Xi'an China
| | - Yaqian Hu
- Institute of Orthopedic Surgery; Xijing Hospital; Fourth Military Medical University; Xi'an China
| | - Weiguang Lu
- Institute of Orthopedic Surgery; Xijing Hospital; Fourth Military Medical University; Xi'an China
| | - Zhuojing Luo
- Institute of Orthopedic Surgery; Xijing Hospital; Fourth Military Medical University; Xi'an China
| | - Liu Yang
- Institute of Orthopedic Surgery; Xijing Hospital; Fourth Military Medical University; Xi'an China
| |
Collapse
|
241
|
Connor KM, Hsu Y, Aggarwal PK, Capone S, Colombo AR, Ramsingh G. Understanding metabolic changes in aging bone marrow. Exp Hematol Oncol 2018; 7:13. [PMID: 29796337 PMCID: PMC5966925 DOI: 10.1186/s40164-018-0105-x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/18/2018] [Accepted: 05/09/2018] [Indexed: 12/15/2022] Open
Abstract
Background Aging is associated with complex molecular alterations at the cellular level. Bone marrow exhibits distinct phenotypic, genetic and epigenetic alterations with aging. Metabolic changes in the bone marrow related to aging have not been studied. Methods In this study, we characterized the metabolome and transcriptome of aging murine bone marrow and compared it with bone marrow from young healthy mice and chemotherapy treated mice; chemotherapy treatment is known to induce age-related changes in hematopoiesis. Results The metabolome of the aging bone marrow exhibited a signature of suppressed fatty-acid oxidation: accumulation of free fatty acids, reduced acyl-carnitines and low β-hydroxy butyric acid. The aged bone marrow also exhibited a significant reduction in amino acid and nucleic acid pool. The transcriptome of the aging bone marrow revealed a signature of oxidative stress, known to be associated with mitochondrial dysfunction. Lastly, the metabolic and transcriptomic profiles of the bone marrow of chemotherapy treated mice did not show broad age-related changes but rather mostly resembled young healthy mice, suggestive of a lack of ‘metabolic aging’ with chemotherapy exposure. Conclusion Our results revealed broad changes in lipids, amino acids, and nucleotides in aging marrow tissue. Together, these data provide a rich resource for the study of metabolic changes associated with aging in bone marrow. Electronic supplementary material The online version of this article (10.1186/s40164-018-0105-x) contains supplementary material, which is available to authorized users.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Kwasi M Connor
- 1Jane Anne Nohl Division of Hematology and Center for the Study of Blood Diseases, Keck School of Medicine of University of Southern California, 441 Eastlake Ave, MC 9172, Los Angeles, CA 90033 USA.,2Department of Biology, California Lutheran University, Thousand Oaks, CA 91360 USA
| | - Young Hsu
- 1Jane Anne Nohl Division of Hematology and Center for the Study of Blood Diseases, Keck School of Medicine of University of Southern California, 441 Eastlake Ave, MC 9172, Los Angeles, CA 90033 USA
| | - Pardeep Kumar Aggarwal
- 1Jane Anne Nohl Division of Hematology and Center for the Study of Blood Diseases, Keck School of Medicine of University of Southern California, 441 Eastlake Ave, MC 9172, Los Angeles, CA 90033 USA
| | - Stephen Capone
- 1Jane Anne Nohl Division of Hematology and Center for the Study of Blood Diseases, Keck School of Medicine of University of Southern California, 441 Eastlake Ave, MC 9172, Los Angeles, CA 90033 USA
| | - Anthony R Colombo
- 1Jane Anne Nohl Division of Hematology and Center for the Study of Blood Diseases, Keck School of Medicine of University of Southern California, 441 Eastlake Ave, MC 9172, Los Angeles, CA 90033 USA
| | - Giridharan Ramsingh
- 1Jane Anne Nohl Division of Hematology and Center for the Study of Blood Diseases, Keck School of Medicine of University of Southern California, 441 Eastlake Ave, MC 9172, Los Angeles, CA 90033 USA
| |
Collapse
|
242
|
Abstract
"Although there is ample evidence that beneficial results can be obtained from the use of mesenchymal stem cells, several questions regarding their use remain to be answered. For many of these questions, preclinical models will be helpful, but the task of evaluating and implementing these findings for orthopaedic patients falls onto the shoulders of clinical researchers. Evaluation of these questions is a daunting, but such a challenge fits the concept of personalized medicine in today's medicine."
Collapse
|
243
|
Changes in phenotype and differentiation potential of human mesenchymal stem cells aging in vitro. Stem Cell Res Ther 2018; 9:131. [PMID: 29751774 PMCID: PMC5948736 DOI: 10.1186/s13287-018-0876-3] [Citation(s) in RCA: 363] [Impact Index Per Article: 60.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/20/2017] [Revised: 04/11/2018] [Accepted: 04/13/2018] [Indexed: 12/15/2022] Open
Abstract
Background Adult mesenchymal stem cells (MSCs) hold great promise for regenerative medicine because of their self-renewal, multipotency, and trophic and immunosuppressive effects. Due to the rareness and high heterogeneity of freshly isolated MSCs, extensive in-vitro passage is required to expand their populations prior to clinical use; however, senescence usually accompanies and can potentially affect MSC characteristics and functionality. Therefore, a thorough characterization of the variations in phenotype and differentiation potential of in-vitro aging MSCs must be sought. Methods Human bone marrow-derived MSCs were passaged in vitro and cultivated with either DMEM-based or αMEM-based expansion media. Cells were prepared for subculture every 10 days up to passage 8 and were analyzed for cell morphology, proliferative capacity, and surface marker expression at the end of each passage. The gene expression profile and adipogenic and osteogenic differentiation capability of MSCs at early (passage 4) and late (passage 8) passages were also evaluated. Results In-vitro aging MSCs gradually lost the typical fibroblast-like spindle shape, leading to elevated morphological abnormality and inhomogeneity. While the DMEM-based expansion medium better facilitated MSC proliferation in the early passages, the cell population doubling rate reduced over time in both DMEM and αMEM groups. CD146 expression decreased with increasing passage number only when MSCs were cultured under the DMEM-based condition. Senescence also resulted in MSCs with genetic instability, which was further regulated by the medium recipe. Regardless of the expansion condition, MSCs at both passages 4 and 8 could differentiate into adipocyte-like cells whereas osteogenesis of aged MSCs was significantly compromised. For osteogenic induction, use of the αMEM-based expansion medium yielded longer osteogenesis and better quality. Conclusions Human MSCs subjected to extensive in-vitro passage can undergo morphological, phenotypic, and genetic changes. These properties are also modulated by the medium composition employed to expand the cell populations. In addition, adipogenic potential may be better preserved over osteogenesis in aged MSCs, suggesting that MSCs at early passages must be used for osteogenic differentiation. The current study presents valuable information for future basic science research and clinical applications leading to the development of novel MSC-based therapeutic strategies for different diseases. Electronic supplementary material The online version of this article (10.1186/s13287-018-0876-3) contains supplementary material, which is available to authorized users.
Collapse
|
244
|
Stem Cells for Osteochondral Regeneration. ADVANCES IN EXPERIMENTAL MEDICINE AND BIOLOGY 2018; 1059:219-240. [DOI: 10.1007/978-3-319-76735-2_10] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/27/2022]
|
245
|
The positive effect of chick embryo and nutrient mixture on bone marrow- derived mesenchymal stem cells from aging rats. Sci Rep 2018; 8:7051. [PMID: 29728592 PMCID: PMC5935737 DOI: 10.1038/s41598-018-25563-w] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/12/2018] [Accepted: 04/24/2018] [Indexed: 12/18/2022] Open
Abstract
The aging of many mammalian tissues is associated with loss of functional adult stem cells, especially bone marrow-derived mesenchymal stem cells (BMSCs). This study was aimed to analyze the biological effect of chick embryo (CE) and nutrient mixture (NM) on the BMSCs of aging rats. The aging rat model was established to be induced by D-galactose (500 mg/kg/d) for 90 days. Meanwhile, aging rats were fed with CE and NM in different dose manner by intragastric administration. At the end of the experimental period, serum was collected from rats and used for BMSCs culture. Flow cytometric analysis was used to investigate the BMSCs surface markers. Alizarin Red and oil red O staining were performed to evaluate the multi-lineage differentiation of BMSCs. The results showed that CE plus NM increased the telomere length of BMSCs and promoted BMSCs proliferation. Moreover, CE plus NM administration promoted BMSCs differentiation into osteoblasts and suppressed differentiation into adipocytes. High-throughput sequencing analysis revealed that there were 326 genes were up-regulated and 59 genes were down-regulated in BMSCs of aging rats treated with CE plus NM. In conclusion, CE plus NM supplement had potential to delay aging through the recovery of BMSCs senescence and could be used as a safe effective approach for nutritional therapy of anti-aging.
Collapse
|
246
|
Marei MK, El Backly RM. Dental Mesenchymal Stem Cell-Based Translational Regenerative Dentistry: From Artificial to Biological Replacement. Front Bioeng Biotechnol 2018; 6:49. [PMID: 29770323 PMCID: PMC5941981 DOI: 10.3389/fbioe.2018.00049] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/10/2018] [Accepted: 04/11/2018] [Indexed: 12/13/2022] Open
Abstract
Dentistry is a continuously changing field that has witnessed much advancement in the past century. Prosthodontics is that branch of dentistry that deals with replacing missing teeth using either fixed or removable appliances in an attempt to simulate natural tooth function. Although such "replacement therapies" appear to be easy and economic they fall short of ever coming close to their natural counterparts. Complications that arise often lead to failures and frequent repairs of such devices which seldom allow true physiological function of dental and oral-maxillofacial tissues. Such factors can critically affect the quality of life of an individual. The market for dental implants is continuously growing with huge economic revenues. Unfortunately, such treatments are again associated with frequent problems such as peri-implantitis resulting in an eventual loss or replacement of implants. This is particularly influential for patients having co-morbid diseases such as diabetes or osteoporosis and in association with smoking and other conditions that undoubtedly affect the final treatment outcome. The advent of tissue engineering and regenerative medicine therapies along with the enormous strides taken in their associated interdisciplinary fields such as stem cell therapy, biomaterial development, and others may open arenas to enhancing tissue regeneration via designing and construction of patient-specific biological and/or biomimetic substitutes. This review will overview current strategies in regenerative dentistry while overviewing key roles of dental mesenchymal stem cells particularly those of the dental pulp, until paving the way to precision/translational regenerative medicine therapies for future clinical use.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Mona K Marei
- Department of Removable Prosthodontics, Faculty of Dentistry, Alexandria University, Alexandria, Egypt.,Tissue Engineering Laboratories, Faculty of Dentistry, Alexandria University, Alexandria, Egypt
| | - Rania M El Backly
- Tissue Engineering Laboratories, Faculty of Dentistry, Alexandria University, Alexandria, Egypt.,Endodontics, Conservative Dentistry Department, Faculty of Dentistry, Alexandria University, Alexandria, Egypt
| |
Collapse
|
247
|
Guo J, Zhao Y, Fei C, Zhao S, Zheng Q, Su J, Wu D, Li X, Chang C. Dicer1 downregulation by multiple myeloma cells promotes the senescence and tumor-supporting capacity and decreases the differentiation potential of mesenchymal stem cells. Cell Death Dis 2018; 9:512. [PMID: 29724992 PMCID: PMC5938708 DOI: 10.1038/s41419-018-0545-6] [Citation(s) in RCA: 21] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/07/2017] [Revised: 03/12/2018] [Accepted: 03/27/2018] [Indexed: 12/17/2022]
Abstract
Bone marrow mesenchymal stem cells (BMMSCs) facilitate the growth of multiple myeloma (MM) cells, but the underlying mechanisms remain unclear. This study demonstrates that the senescence of MM-MSCs significantly increased, as evidenced by a decrease in proliferation and increase in the number of cells positive for senescence-associated β-galactosidase activity. Senescent MM-MSCs displayed decreased differentiation potential and increased tumor-supporting capacity. Dicer1 knockdown in the MSCs of healthy controls promoted cellular senescence and tumor-supporting capacity, while decreasing the differentiation capacity. Dicer1 overexpression in MM-MSCs reversed the effects on differentiation and reduced cellular senescence. In addition, decreased expression of the microRNA-17 family was identified as a favorable element responsible for increasing senescence, with the expression of p21 increased in Dicer1 knockdown cells. Furthermore, we observed decreased expression of miR-93 and miR-20a in MM-MSCs, while upregulation of miR-93/miR-20a decreased cellular senescence, as evidenced by the increased p21 expression. Importantly, we found that myeloma cells could induce the senescence of MSCs from healthy controls, as observed from the decreased expression of Dicer1 and miR-93/miR-20a and increased expression of p21. Overall, MM cells downregulate Dicer1 in MSCs, which leads to senescence; in turn, senescent MSCs promote MM cell growth, which most likely contributes to disease progression.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Juan Guo
- Department of Hematology, Shanghai Jiao Tong University Affiliated Sixth People's Hospital, 200233, Shanghai, China
| | - Youshan Zhao
- Department of Hematology, Shanghai Jiao Tong University Affiliated Sixth People's Hospital, 200233, Shanghai, China
| | - Chengming Fei
- Department of Hematology, Shanghai Jiao Tong University Affiliated Sixth People's Hospital, 200233, Shanghai, China
| | - Sida Zhao
- Department of Hematology, Shanghai Jiao Tong University Affiliated Sixth People's Hospital, 200233, Shanghai, China
| | - Qingqing Zheng
- Department of Hematology, Shanghai Jiao Tong University Affiliated Sixth People's Hospital, 200233, Shanghai, China
| | - Jiying Su
- Department of Hematology, Shanghai Jiao Tong University Affiliated Sixth People's Hospital, 200233, Shanghai, China
| | - Dong Wu
- Department of Hematology, Shanghai Jiao Tong University Affiliated Sixth People's Hospital, 200233, Shanghai, China
| | - Xiao Li
- Department of Hematology, Shanghai Jiao Tong University Affiliated Sixth People's Hospital, 200233, Shanghai, China
| | - Chunkang Chang
- Department of Hematology, Shanghai Jiao Tong University Affiliated Sixth People's Hospital, 200233, Shanghai, China.
| |
Collapse
|
248
|
Stephenson MK, Farris AL, Grayson WL. Recent Advances in Tissue Engineering Strategies for the Treatment of Joint Damage. Curr Rheumatol Rep 2018; 19:44. [PMID: 28718059 DOI: 10.1007/s11926-017-0671-7] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/17/2022]
Abstract
PURPOSE OF REVIEW While the clinical potential of tissue engineering for treating joint damage has yet to be realized, research and commercialization efforts in the field are geared towards overcoming major obstacles to clinical translation, as well as towards achieving engineered grafts that recapitulate the unique structures, function, and physiology of the joint. In this review, we describe recent advances in technologies aimed at obtaining biomaterials, stem cells, and bioreactors that will enable the development of effective tissue-engineered treatments for repairing joint damage. RECENT FINDINGS 3D printing of scaffolds is aimed at improving the mechanical structure and microenvironment necessary for bone regeneration within a damaged joint. Advances in our understanding of stem cell biology and cell manufacturing processes are informing translational strategies for the therapeutic use of allogeneic and autologous cells. Finally, bioreactors used in combination with cells and biomaterials are promising strategies for generating large tissue grafts for repairing damaged tissues in pre-clinical models. Together, these advances along with ongoing research directions are making tissue engineering increasingly viable for the treatment of joint damage.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Makeda K Stephenson
- Translational Tissue Engineering Center, Johns Hopkins University School of Medicine, 400 N. Broadway, Smith Building 5023, Baltimore, MD, 21231, USA.,Department of Biomedical Engineering, Johns Hopkins University School of Medicine, Baltimore, MD, USA
| | - Ashley L Farris
- Translational Tissue Engineering Center, Johns Hopkins University School of Medicine, 400 N. Broadway, Smith Building 5023, Baltimore, MD, 21231, USA.,Department of Biomedical Engineering, Johns Hopkins University School of Medicine, Baltimore, MD, USA
| | - Warren L Grayson
- Translational Tissue Engineering Center, Johns Hopkins University School of Medicine, 400 N. Broadway, Smith Building 5023, Baltimore, MD, 21231, USA. .,Department of Biomedical Engineering, Johns Hopkins University School of Medicine, Baltimore, MD, USA. .,Department of Materials Science and Engineering, Johns Hopkins University, Baltimore, MD, USA. .,Institute for NanoBioTechnology, Johns Hopkins University, Baltimore, MD, USA.
| |
Collapse
|
249
|
Lim RZL, Li L, Yong EL, Chew N. STAT-3 regulation of CXCR4 is necessary for the prenylflavonoid Icaritin to enhance mesenchymal stem cell proliferation, migration and osteogenic differentiation. Biochim Biophys Acta Gen Subj 2018; 1862:1680-1692. [PMID: 29679717 DOI: 10.1016/j.bbagen.2018.04.016] [Citation(s) in RCA: 28] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/14/2017] [Revised: 03/22/2018] [Accepted: 04/16/2018] [Indexed: 01/07/2023]
Abstract
Mesenchymal stem cell (MSC) dysfunction has been implicated in the pathogenesis of osteoporosis. MSCs derived from osteoporotic subjects demonstrate significant impairment in proliferation, adhesion and chemotaxis, and osteogenic differentiation, leading to reduced functional bone-forming osteoblasts and ultimately nett bone loss and osteoporosis. Epimedium herbs and its active compound Icaritin (ICT) have been used in Chinese ethnopharmacology for the treatment of metabolic bone diseases. Using an in-vitro cell culture model, we investigated the benefits of ICT treatment in enhancing MSC proliferation, migration and osteogenic differentiation, and provide novel data to describe its mechanism of action. ICT enhances MSC proliferation, chemotaxis to stromal cell-derived factor-1 (SDF-1) and osteogenic differentiation through the activation of signal transduction activator transcription factor 3 (STAT-3), with a consequential up-regulation in the expression and activity of cysteine (C)-X-C motif chemokine receptor 4 (CXCR4). These findings provide a strong basis for future clinical studies to confirm the therapeutic potential of ICT for the prevention and treatment of osteoporosis and fragility fractures.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- R Z L Lim
- Department of Obstetrics & Gynaecology, Yong Loo Lin School of Medicine, National University of Singapore, Singapore
| | - L Li
- Department of Medicine, Yong Loo Lin School of Medicine, National University of Singapore, Singapore
| | - E L Yong
- Department of Obstetrics & Gynaecology, Yong Loo Lin School of Medicine, National University of Singapore, Singapore.
| | - N Chew
- Department of Medicine, Yong Loo Lin School of Medicine, National University of Singapore, Singapore; Division of Infectious Diseases, National University Hospital, Singapore.
| |
Collapse
|
250
|
Wu H, Li JZ, Xie BD, Tian H, Fang SH, Jiang SL, Kang K. Lower Senescence of Adipose-Derived Stem Cells than Donor-Matched Bone Marrow Stem Cells for Surgical Ventricular Restoration. Stem Cells Dev 2018; 27:612-623. [PMID: 29630447 DOI: 10.1089/scd.2017.0271] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/04/2023] Open
Abstract
Surgical ventricular reconstruction (SVR) can restore cardiac function for left ventricular aneurysm to some extent. However, the patches used in this treatment have some limitations such as stiffness and calcification. Engineering heart tissues (EHTs) have emerged as a promising biomaterial to repair damaged heart. Nevertheless, selecting optimal candidate cells for EHTs has been controversial. Aging is a major consideration for seed cells derived from elderly patients. Hence, this study was aimed to assess the proliferation of, antiapoptosis potential of, and expression of senescence-associated factors (eg, SA-β-Gal, cyclin-dependent kinase inhibitor 2A (P16), cyclin-dependent kinase inhibitor 1 (P21) in adipose-derived stem cells (ADSCs), and bone marrow stem cells (BMSCs) in vitro. In addition, cardiac function, cell survival, and angiogenesis of ADSCs and BMSCs after SVR were assessed in vivo. The in vitro results showed that old ADSCs (OAs) grew faster; expressed lower levels of SA-β-Gal, P16, and P21; and possessed more pronounced antiapoptosis activity than old BMSCs (OBs). The in vivo results demonstrated that 28 days after patch implantation, animals that received OAs patches showed better restoration of cardiac function than animals that received OBs patches. Meanwhile, old ADSCs possessed more potential regarding cell survival and angiogenesis. These results suggest that ADSCs may be superior to BMSCs with regard to autologous cell transplantation in elderly patients.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Hua Wu
- 1 Division of Cardiovascular Surgery, The 2nd Affiliated Hospital of Harbin Medical University , Harbin, China .,2 The Key Laboratory of Myocardial Ischemia, Ministry of Education, Harbin Medical University , Harbin, China
| | - Jian-Zhong Li
- 1 Division of Cardiovascular Surgery, The 2nd Affiliated Hospital of Harbin Medical University , Harbin, China .,2 The Key Laboratory of Myocardial Ischemia, Ministry of Education, Harbin Medical University , Harbin, China
| | - Bao-Dong Xie
- 1 Division of Cardiovascular Surgery, The 2nd Affiliated Hospital of Harbin Medical University , Harbin, China
| | - Hai Tian
- 1 Division of Cardiovascular Surgery, The 2nd Affiliated Hospital of Harbin Medical University , Harbin, China
| | - Shao-Hong Fang
- 2 The Key Laboratory of Myocardial Ischemia, Ministry of Education, Harbin Medical University , Harbin, China
| | - Shu-Lin Jiang
- 1 Division of Cardiovascular Surgery, The 2nd Affiliated Hospital of Harbin Medical University , Harbin, China
| | - Kai Kang
- 1 Division of Cardiovascular Surgery, The 2nd Affiliated Hospital of Harbin Medical University , Harbin, China
| |
Collapse
|