201
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Abstract
We analyzed the self-organized supermolecular architectures observed in solutions of singly polymer-substituted fullerenes by light-scattering and fluorescence spectroscopy, as well as the surface pattern obtained from spraying the solution by atomic force microscopy. We found that the concentration dependence on aggregate size and fluorescence intensity can be explained quantitatively using a scaling argument, assuming that the aggregates in solution are self-emulsified micelles. Our results indicate that the core of the structure is unreacted fullerenes. Based on our scaling arguments, we predict that there is a critical molecular weight that allows for a narrow distribution of the self-assembled structures in solution.
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Affiliation(s)
- Qi Liao
- State Key Laboratory of Polymer Physics and Chemistry, Joint Laboratory of Polymer Science and Materials, Institute of Chemistry, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100080, China
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202
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Zhong YW, Matsuo Y, Nakamura E. Convergent Synthesis of a Polyfunctionalized Fullerene by Regioselective Five-Fold Addition of a Functionalized Organocopper Reagent to C60. Org Lett 2006; 8:1463-6. [PMID: 16562917 DOI: 10.1021/ol060282t] [Citation(s) in RCA: 42] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/28/2022]
Abstract
[reaction: see text] A method for one-step preparation of polyfunctionalized fullerene derivatives by regioselective penta-addition of an organocopper reagent is described. A functionalized aryl iodide is first converted to the corresponding Grignard reagent and then to a copper reagent and finally is allowed to react with C(60). The method allows introduction of five functional groups to the C(60) skeleton in a convergent manner. The shuttlecock-like molecules crystallize into a columnar packing structure.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yu-Wu Zhong
- Nakamura Functional Carbon Cluster Project, ERATO, Japan Science and Technology Agency (JST), The University of Tokyo, Hongo, Bunkyo-ku, Tokyo 113-0033, Japan
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203
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Zhang S, Echegoyen L. Non-covalent immobilization of C60 on gold surfaces by SAMs of porphyrin derivatives. Tetrahedron 2006. [DOI: 10.1016/j.tet.2005.05.111] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/25/2022]
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204
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Zhou Z, Schuster DI, Wilson SR. Tether-Directed Selective Synthesis of Fulleropyrrolidine Bisadducts. J Org Chem 2006; 71:1545-51. [PMID: 16468803 DOI: 10.1021/jo052213i] [Citation(s) in RCA: 27] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/29/2022]
Abstract
Selective synthesis of C60 bisadducts has been achieved by using the Prato 1,3-dipolar cycloaddition of tethered bis-azomethine ylides. New bis(benzaldehydes) 1-4 tethered by a rigid linker were prepared and used to direct the second cycloaddition of azomethine ylide to C60. Equatorial, trans-4, trans-3, trans-2, and trans-1 bisadducts have been selectively prepared with this approach. However, the introduction of chiral centers in the pyrrolidine rings in the course of the reaction complicated the chemistry, as a number of stereoisomers theoretically could be formed. The structure determination of the isomeric bisadducts was made based on spectroscopic data and theoretical calculations. To our best knowledge, this represents the first example of a systematic study on tether-directed selective synthesis of C60 fulleropyrrolidine bisadducts.
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Affiliation(s)
- Zhiguo Zhou
- Department of Chemistry, New York University, 100 Washington Square East, New York, New York 10003, USA.
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205
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Wang GW, Li JX. Novel multicomponent reaction of [60]fullerene: the first example of 1,4-dipolar cycloaddition reaction in fullerene chemistry. Org Biomol Chem 2006; 4:4063-4. [PMID: 17312957 DOI: 10.1039/b612641c] [Citation(s) in RCA: 38] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/21/2022]
Abstract
The novel multicomponent reaction of [60]fullerene with dimethyl acetylenedicarboxylate and isoquinoline, quinoline or substituted quinolines was investigated. This type of reaction presents the first example of a 1,4-dipolar cycloaddition reaction in fullerene chemistry.
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Affiliation(s)
- Guan-Wu Wang
- Hefei National Laboratory for Physical Sciences at Microscale and Department of Chemistry, University of Science and Technology of China, Hefei, Anhui, 230026, P R China.
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206
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Wang XX, Wang JN, Su LF, Niu JJ. Cutting of multi-walled carbon nanotubes by solid-state reaction. ACTA ACUST UNITED AC 2006. [DOI: 10.1039/b609231d] [Citation(s) in RCA: 19] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/21/2022]
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207
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Huang S, Wang F, Gan L, Yuan G, Zhou J, Zhang S. Preparation of Fullerendione through Oxidation of Vicinal Fullerendiol and Intramolecular Coupling of the Dione To Form Hemiketal/Ketal Moieties. Org Lett 2005; 8:277-9. [PMID: 16408894 DOI: 10.1021/ol052602z] [Citation(s) in RCA: 44] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/28/2022]
Abstract
[reaction: see text] Vicinal fullerendiol is oxidized to fullerendione in good yield by (diacetoxy)iodobenzene. The resulting cage-opened fullerendione reacts with oxygen nucleophiles in the presence of BF(3).Et(2)O to form fullerene hemiketal/ketal derivatives through coupling of the two carbonyl groups. Fullerene-mixed peroxide derivatives are involved in all these reactions. The compounds are characterized by spectroscopic data and single-crystal X-ray analysis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Shaohua Huang
- Key Laboratory of Bioorganic Chemistry and Molecular Engineering of the Ministry of Education, College of Chemistry and Molecular Engineering, Peking University, Beijing, China
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208
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Lu X, Chen Z. Curved pi-conjugation, aromaticity, and the related chemistry of small fullerenes (< C60) and single-walled carbon nanotubes. Chem Rev 2005; 105:3643-96. [PMID: 16218563 DOI: 10.1021/cr030093d] [Citation(s) in RCA: 461] [Impact Index Per Article: 24.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/25/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Xin Lu
- State Key Laboratory of Physical Chemistry of Solid Surfaces & Center for Theoretical Chemistry, Department of Chemistry, Xiamen University, Xiamen 361005, China.
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209
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Huang S, Xiao Z, Wang F, Zhou J, Yuan G, Zhang S, Chen Z, Thiel W, von Ragué Schleyer P, Zhang X, Hu X, Chen B, Gan L. Preparation of [5,6]- and [6,6]-Oxahomofullerene Derivatives and Their Interconversion by Lewis Acid Assisted Reactions of Fullerene Mixed Peroxides. Chemistry 2005; 11:5449-56. [PMID: 16001452 DOI: 10.1002/chem.200500393] [Citation(s) in RCA: 44] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/06/2022]
Abstract
[60]Fullerene mixed peroxides C60(O)(OOtBu)4 exhibit chemo- and regioselective reactions under mild conditions. The epoxy moiety is opened by ferric chloride to form vicinal hydroxy chloride C60Cl(OH)(OOtBu)4. BF3 is also effective in opening the epoxy moiety. The O-O bond of the fullerene mixed peroxide is cleaved by aluminum chloride to form both [5,6]- and [6,6]-fullerene hemiketals (oxohomo[60]fullerenes). A Hock-type rearrangement is proposed for the formation of the hemiketals, in which a fullerene C-C bond is cleaved. Lewis acids and/or visible light can initiate isomerization of the hemiketal isomers. Single-crystal X-ray analysis and theoretical calculations confirmed the results.
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Affiliation(s)
- Shaohua Huang
- Key Laboratory of Bioorganic Chemistry and Molecular Engineering of the Ministry of Education, Peking University, Beijing 100871, China
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210
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Lee YS, Nardelli MB, Marzari N. Band structure and quantum conductance of nanostructures from maximally localized Wannier functions: the case of functionalized carbon nanotubes. PHYSICAL REVIEW LETTERS 2005; 95:076804. [PMID: 16196812 DOI: 10.1103/physrevlett.95.076804] [Citation(s) in RCA: 16] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/15/2005] [Indexed: 05/04/2023]
Abstract
We have combined large-scale, tau-point electronic-structure calculations with the maximally localized Wannier functions approach to calculate efficiently the band structure and the quantum conductance of complex systems containing thousands of atoms while maintaining full first-principles accuracy. We have applied this approach to study covalent functionalizations in metallic single-walled carbon nanotubes. We find that the band structure around the Fermi energy is much less dependent on the chemical nature of the ligands than on the sp(3) functionalization pattern disrupting the conjugation network. Common aryl functionalizations are more stable when paired with saturating hydrogens; even when paired, they still act as strong scattering centers that degrade the ballistic conductance of the nanotubes already at low degrees of coverage.
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Affiliation(s)
- Young-Su Lee
- Department of Materials Science and Engineering, Massachusetts Institute of Technology, Cambridge, 02139, USA
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211
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D'Souza F, Ito O. Photoinduced electron transfer in supramolecular systems of fullerenes functionalized with ligands capable of binding to zinc porphyrins and zinc phthalocyanines. Coord Chem Rev 2005. [DOI: 10.1016/j.ccr.2005.01.002] [Citation(s) in RCA: 344] [Impact Index Per Article: 18.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/25/2022]
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212
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Ravi P, Dai S, Meng Hong K, Tam KC, Gan LH. Self-assembly of C60 containing poly(methyl methacrylate) in ethyl acetate/decalin mixtures solvent. POLYMER 2005. [DOI: 10.1016/j.polymer.2005.03.061] [Citation(s) in RCA: 25] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/25/2022]
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213
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Fortner JD, Lyon DY, Sayes CM, Boyd AM, Falkner JC, Hotze EM, Alemany LB, Tao YJ, Guo W, Ausman KD, Colvin VL, Hughes JB. C60 in water: nanocrystal formation and microbial response. ENVIRONMENTAL SCIENCE & TECHNOLOGY 2005; 39:4307-16. [PMID: 15984814 DOI: 10.1021/es048099n] [Citation(s) in RCA: 372] [Impact Index Per Article: 19.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/03/2023]
Abstract
Upon contact with water, under a variety of conditions, C60 spontaneously forms a stable aggregate with nanoscale dimensions (d = 25-500 nm), termed here "nano-C60". The color, hydrophobicity, and reactivity of individual C60 are substantially altered in this aggregate form. Herein, we provide conclusive lines of evidence demonstrating that in solution these aggregates are crystalline in order and remain as underivatized C60 throughout the formation/stabilization process that can later be chemically reversed. Particle size can be affected by formation parameters such as rates and the pH of the water addition. Once formed, nano-C60 remains stable in solution at or below ionic strengths of 0.05 I for months. In addition to demonstrating aggregate formation and stability over a wide range of conditions, results suggest that prokaryotic exposure to nano-C60 at relatively low concentrations is inhibitory, indicated by lack of growth (> or = 0.4 ppm) and decreased aerobic respiration rates (4 ppm). This work demonstrates the fact that the environmental fate, distribution, and biological risk associated with this important class of engineered nanomaterials will require a model that addresses not only the properties of bulk C60 but also that of the aggregate form generated in aqueous media.
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Affiliation(s)
- J D Fortner
- Department of Civil and Environmental Engineering, Rice University, Houston, Texas 77005, USA
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214
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[60]Fullerene adducts with 9-substituted anthracenes: mechanochemical preparation and retro Diels–Alder reaction. Tetrahedron 2005. [DOI: 10.1016/j.tet.2005.02.089] [Citation(s) in RCA: 38] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/22/2022]
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215
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Liu Y, Zhao YL, Chen Y, Liang P, Li L. A water-soluble β-cyclodextrin derivative possessing a fullerene tether as an efficient photodriven DNA-cleavage reagent. Tetrahedron Lett 2005. [DOI: 10.1016/j.tetlet.2005.01.181] [Citation(s) in RCA: 21] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/25/2022]
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216
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Alvarez A, Ochoa E, Verdecia Y, Suárez M, Solá M, Martín N. Theoretical Study of the Highly Diastereoselective 1,3-Dipolar Cycloaddition of 1,4-Dihydropyridine-Containing Azomethine Ylides to [60]Fullerene (Prato's Reaction). J Org Chem 2005; 70:3256-62. [PMID: 15822989 DOI: 10.1021/jo0479009] [Citation(s) in RCA: 33] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/30/2022]
Abstract
The 1,3-dipolar cycloaddition of azomethine ylides bearing the biologically active 1,4-dihydropiridine ring to C(60) was investigated by means of quantum mechanical calculations at the semiempirical AM1 and DFT (B3LYP/6-31G) methods. The presence of two chiral centers and one chiral axis in the resulting fulleropyrrolidines leads to four possible [6,6] cycloaddition products. Formation of atropoisomers has also been considered. The transition-state structures were computed for the four different cycloaddition pathways to find out the lowest activation energy stereoisomer. In all cases, a frequency analysis and an IRC calculation were carried out to fully characterize the located transition-state structures. AM1 results and single-point energy calculations at the B3LYP/6-31G//AM1 level for the four transition-state structures yield activation energies values below 5 kcal/mol.
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Affiliation(s)
- Amaury Alvarez
- Laboratorio de Síntesis Orgánica, Facultad de Química, Universidad de La Habana, 10400 City of Havana, Cuba
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217
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Li XD, Cheng WD, Wu DS, Lan YZ, Zhang H, Gong YJ, Li FF, Shen J. Theoretical Study on the Photophysical Properties of Hexapyrrolidine C60 Adducts with Th, D3, and S6 Symmetries. J Phys Chem B 2005; 109:5574-9. [PMID: 16851599 DOI: 10.1021/jp045377w] [Citation(s) in RCA: 19] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/29/2022]
Abstract
The equilibrium geometries of three isomeric hexapyrrolidine C(60) adducts with T(h), D(3), and S(6) symmetries are optimized by means of the B3LYP method at the 6-31G basis sets in this paper. On the basis of the optimized structures, the excited state and third-order nonlinear optical properties, such as third-harmonic generation (THG), electric-field-induced second-harmonic generation (EFISHG), and degenerate four-wave mixing (DFWM), and two-photon absorption (TPA) cross sections, delta, are calculated by using the TDB3LYP model based on the 6-31G level coupled with the sum-over-states (SOS) method. The computational results show that the transition energies from S(0) to S(1) of the T(h) hexaadduct and the D(3) hexaadduct have a remarkable blue shift by comparison with that of the C(60) parent. These results are in agreement with experimental ones. However, the first singlet excitation energy of the S(6) hexaadduct has a red shift compared with that of the C(60) parent. Accordingly, we predict that different positions located by six addends may result in the different spectrum properties. Finally, the two-photon absorption cross sections indicate that the largest average value of resonant TPA, delta, of the D(3) hexaadduct has a red shift compared with those of the T(h) and S(6) hexaadducts.
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Affiliation(s)
- X-D Li
- Fujian Institute of Research on the Structure of Matter, Chinese Academy of Sciences, State Key Laboratory of Structural Chemistry, Fuzhou, Fujian 350002, People's Republic of China
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218
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Martín N, Altable M, Filippone S, Martín-Domenech A, Poater A, Solà M. Regioselective Intramolecular Pauson-Khand Reactions of C60: An Electrochemical Study and Theoretical Underpinning. Chemistry 2005; 11:2716-29. [PMID: 15729679 DOI: 10.1002/chem.200401200] [Citation(s) in RCA: 49] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/12/2022]
Abstract
Suitably functionalized fulleropyrrolidines endowed with one or two propargyl groups at the C-2 position of the pyrrolidine ring (1,6-enynes) react efficiently and regioselectively with [Co2(CO)8] to afford the respective Pauson-Khand products with an unprecedented three (5 a-d, 7, and 24) or five (25) pentagonal rings, respectively, fused onto the fullerene sphere. Fulleropyrrolidines with 1,7-, 1,9-, 1,10-, or 1,11-enyne moieties do not undergo the PK reaction and, instead, the intermediate dicobalt complexes formed with the alkynyl group are isolated in quantitative yields. These differences in reactivity have been studied by DFT calculations with a generalized gradient approximation (GGA) functional and several important energy and structural differences were found for the intermediates formed by the interaction between the coordinatively unsaturated Co atom and the pi system of C60 in 1,6- and 1,7-enynes. The different lengths of the alkyne chains are responsible for the observed reactivities. Cyclic voltammetry reveals that the presence of the cyclopentenone's carbonyl group connected directly to the C60 core results in PK compounds with remarkable electron-accepting ability.
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Affiliation(s)
- Nazario Martín
- Departamento de Química Orgánica, Facultad de Ciencias Químicas, Universidad Complutense, 28040-Madrid, Spain.
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219
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Gao Y, Tang Z, Watkins E, Majewski J, Wang HL. Synthesis and characterization of amphiphilic fullerenes and their Langmuir-Blodgett films. LANGMUIR : THE ACS JOURNAL OF SURFACES AND COLLOIDS 2005; 21:1416-1423. [PMID: 15697289 DOI: 10.1021/la047835y] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/24/2023]
Abstract
We report here the synthesis and characterization of three amphiphilic fullerene derivatives and their Langmuir-Blodgett thin films. Two of the C(60) amphiphiles are mono-derivatives with a long alkyl chain terminated with either -COOH (2) or NH(2) (3) as the hydrophilic headgroup, and the third one (5) is designed to bear the same NH(2) group as 3 but with 10 additional hydrophobic alkyl chains grafted on the C(60) sphere (Scheme 1). These amphiphiles form stable, ordered monolayers at the air-water interface. The molecular packing at the air-water interface and the mean area per molecule are determined by pressure isotherms at room temperature. Hysteresis of pressure isotherms of side chain C(60) (5) shows complete reversibility upon compression and decompression, which suggests that side chains on the C(60) sphere inhibit formation of aggregates at the air-water interface. Comparative studies of all three amphiphiles allow us to better determine the interaction between C(60)'s and their self-assembly kinetics at the air-water interface. Monolayers of monoderivatized amphiphiles (2 and 3) were transferred successfully onto quartz substrates as Z-type multilayered Langmuir-Blodgett films, and monolayers of 5 were transferred as Y-type films. Detailed characterization of the multilayer films (Z-type deposition) prepared from amine-terminated C(60) (3) using X-ray and neutron reflectometry reveals staggering of C(60) spheres and a head-to-head (Y-type) structure presumably due to flipping and reattaching of C(60) amphiphiles to the previous underlying C(60) layer.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yuan Gao
- Bioscience Division and Los Alamos Neutron Scattering Center, Los Alamos National Laboratory, Los Alamos, New Mexico 87545, USA
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220
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Abstract
[reaction: see text] The reaction of [60]fullerene with 4-substituted phenylhydrazine hydrochlorides in refluxing chlorobenzene under aerobic conditions afforded 1-(4-substituted phenyl)-1,2-dihydro[60]fullerenes, which could be subsequently oxidized to 1-acetoxyl-4-aryl-1,4-dihydro[60]fullerenes by manganese(III) acetate dihydrate in one pot. The transformation of ArC(60)-H to ArC(60)-OAc has been realized with Mn(OAc)(3).2H(2)O for the first time.
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Affiliation(s)
- Zhong-Xiu Chen
- Hefei National Laboratory for Physical Sciences at Microscale and Department of Chemistry, University of Science and Technology of China, Hefei, Anhui 230026, P. R. China
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221
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Nakamura Y, Inamura K, Oomuro R, Laurenco R, Tidwell TT, Nishimura J. Formation of fulleroids as major products and application of solid state reaction in the functionalization of [60]fullerene by aromatic diazoketones. Org Biomol Chem 2005; 3:3032-8. [PMID: 16186936 DOI: 10.1039/b505558j] [Citation(s) in RCA: 22] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/21/2022]
Abstract
The reactions of various aromatic diazoketones with [60]fullerene were investigated in solution (o-dichlorobenzene) or in the solid-state. Under all the conditions examined, the fulleroid with the methine proton located over a six-membered ring was obtained as a major product along with a slight amount of the other fulleroid diastereoisomer and methanofullerene. Solid-state reactions considerably enhanced the reaction efficiency with minor effects on the selectivity. The thermal isomerization and photoisomerization from fulleroids into methanofullerene were relatively slow, almost independent of substituents under the conditions examined.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yosuke Nakamura
- Department of Nano-Material Systems, Graduate School of Engineering, Gunma University, Kiryu, Gunma, 376-8515, Japan
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222
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Innocenzi P, Lebeau B. Organic–inorganic hybrid materials for non-linear optics. ACTA ACUST UNITED AC 2005. [DOI: 10.1039/b506028a] [Citation(s) in RCA: 196] [Impact Index Per Article: 10.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/21/2022]
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223
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Sánchez L, Herranz MÁ, Martín N. C60-based dumbbells: connecting C60cages through electroactive bridges. ACTA ACUST UNITED AC 2005. [DOI: 10.1039/b417580h] [Citation(s) in RCA: 58] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/21/2022]
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224
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Ishida Y, Ito H, Mori D, Saigo K. Regio/diastereo-controls of the Bingel-type biscyclopropanation of [60]fullerene by using bismalonates with a Tröger base analogue-derived tether. Tetrahedron Lett 2005. [DOI: 10.1016/j.tetlet.2004.11.022] [Citation(s) in RCA: 32] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/29/2022]
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225
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Wang Z, Dötz F, Enkelmann V, Müllen K. “Double-Concave” Graphene: Permethoxylated Hexa-peri-hexabenzocoronene and Its Cocrystals with Hexafluorobenzene and Fullerene. Angew Chem Int Ed Engl 2004; 44:1247-50. [PMID: 15565664 DOI: 10.1002/anie.200461445] [Citation(s) in RCA: 56] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/07/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Zhaohui Wang
- Max Planck Institute for Polymer Research, Ackermannweg 10, 55128 Mainz, Germany
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226
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Wang Z, Dötz F, Enkelmann V, Müllen K. “Double-Concave” Graphene: Permethoxylated Hexa-peri-hexabenzocoronene and Its Cocrystals with Hexafluorobenzene and Fullerene. Angew Chem Int Ed Engl 2004. [DOI: 10.1002/ange.200461445] [Citation(s) in RCA: 21] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/09/2022]
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227
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228
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Tan CH, Ravi P, Dai S, Tam KC, Gan LH. Solvent-induced large compound vesicle of [60]fullerene containing poly(tert-butyl methacrylate). LANGMUIR : THE ACS JOURNAL OF SURFACES AND COLLOIDS 2004; 20:9882-9884. [PMID: 15491229 DOI: 10.1021/la049747j] [Citation(s) in RCA: 20] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/24/2023]
Affiliation(s)
- Chung How Tan
- School of Mechanical and Production Engineering, Singapore-MIT Alliance, and Natural Sciences, National Institute of Education, Nanyang Technological University, Nanyang Avenue, Singapore 639798, Republic of Singapore
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229
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Ouchi A, Awen BZS, Hatsuda R, Ogura R, Ishii T, Araki Y, Ito O. Remote Control on the Photochemical Rearrangement of 1,6-(N-Aryl)aza-[60]fulleroids to 1,2-(N-Arylaziridino)-[60]fullerenes by N-Substituted Aryl Groups. J Phys Chem A 2004. [DOI: 10.1021/jp0472717] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/30/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Akihiko Ouchi
- National Institute of Advanced Industrial Science and Technology (AIST), Tsukuba, Ibaraki 305-8565, Japan; Faculty of Science, Tokyo University of Science, Kagurazaka, Tokyo 162-8601, Japan; and the Institute of Multidisciplinary Research for Advanced Materials, Tohoku University, Sendai, Miyagi 980-8577, Japan
| | - Bahlul Z. S. Awen
- National Institute of Advanced Industrial Science and Technology (AIST), Tsukuba, Ibaraki 305-8565, Japan; Faculty of Science, Tokyo University of Science, Kagurazaka, Tokyo 162-8601, Japan; and the Institute of Multidisciplinary Research for Advanced Materials, Tohoku University, Sendai, Miyagi 980-8577, Japan
| | - Ryota Hatsuda
- National Institute of Advanced Industrial Science and Technology (AIST), Tsukuba, Ibaraki 305-8565, Japan; Faculty of Science, Tokyo University of Science, Kagurazaka, Tokyo 162-8601, Japan; and the Institute of Multidisciplinary Research for Advanced Materials, Tohoku University, Sendai, Miyagi 980-8577, Japan
| | - Reiko Ogura
- National Institute of Advanced Industrial Science and Technology (AIST), Tsukuba, Ibaraki 305-8565, Japan; Faculty of Science, Tokyo University of Science, Kagurazaka, Tokyo 162-8601, Japan; and the Institute of Multidisciplinary Research for Advanced Materials, Tohoku University, Sendai, Miyagi 980-8577, Japan
| | - Tadahiro Ishii
- National Institute of Advanced Industrial Science and Technology (AIST), Tsukuba, Ibaraki 305-8565, Japan; Faculty of Science, Tokyo University of Science, Kagurazaka, Tokyo 162-8601, Japan; and the Institute of Multidisciplinary Research for Advanced Materials, Tohoku University, Sendai, Miyagi 980-8577, Japan
| | - Yasuyuki Araki
- National Institute of Advanced Industrial Science and Technology (AIST), Tsukuba, Ibaraki 305-8565, Japan; Faculty of Science, Tokyo University of Science, Kagurazaka, Tokyo 162-8601, Japan; and the Institute of Multidisciplinary Research for Advanced Materials, Tohoku University, Sendai, Miyagi 980-8577, Japan
| | - Osamu Ito
- National Institute of Advanced Industrial Science and Technology (AIST), Tsukuba, Ibaraki 305-8565, Japan; Faculty of Science, Tokyo University of Science, Kagurazaka, Tokyo 162-8601, Japan; and the Institute of Multidisciplinary Research for Advanced Materials, Tohoku University, Sendai, Miyagi 980-8577, Japan
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230
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Takaguchi Y, Yanagimoto Y, Fujima S, Tsuboi S. Photooxygenation of Olefins, Phenol, and Sulfide Using Fullerodendrimer as Catalyst. CHEM LETT 2004. [DOI: 10.1246/cl.2004.1142] [Citation(s) in RCA: 17] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/12/2022]
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231
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232
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Murata Y, Cheng F, Kitagawa T, Komatsu K. Generation of Fullerenyl Cation (EtO)2P+(OH)CH2−C60+ from RC60−H and from RC60−C60R (R = CH2P(O)(OEt)2). J Am Chem Soc 2004; 126:8874-5. [PMID: 15264800 DOI: 10.1021/ja047483h] [Citation(s) in RCA: 46] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/29/2022]
Abstract
A novel fullerenyl cation (EtO)2P+(OH)CH2-C60+ was generated by simply dissolving the monofunctionalized hydrofullerene RC60-H or singly bonded dimer RC60-C60R (R = CH2P(O)(OEt)2) in oxidizing acids such as H2SO4 and FSO3H. The cation was also formed in CH2Cl2 by one-electron oxidation with aminium radical cation and was used for further functionalization of C60.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yasujiro Murata
- Institute for Chemical Research, Kyoto University, Uji, Kyoto 611-0011, Japan
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233
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Gournis D, Georgakilas V, Karakassides MA, Bakas T, Kordatos K, Prato M, Fanti M, Zerbetto F. Incorporation of Fullerene Derivatives into Smectite Clays: A New Family of Organic−Inorganic Nanocomposites. J Am Chem Soc 2004; 126:8561-8. [PMID: 15238015 DOI: 10.1021/ja049237b] [Citation(s) in RCA: 44] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/30/2022]
Abstract
Three fulleropyrrolidine derivatives, characterized by the presence of positive charges, were introduced in the interlayer space of montmorillonite. The composites were characterized by powder X-ray diffraction and differential thermal and thermogravimetric (DTA-TGA) analysis, in conjunction with FTIR, UV-Vis, Raman, and (57)Fe-Mössbauer spectroscopies. Organophilic derivatives were intercalated into organically modified clays, while water-soluble fulleropyrrolidines were introduced into the clay galleries through ion exchange. The experiments, complemented by computer simulations, show that not all the clay-clay platelets are intercalated by the fullerene derivatives and that a sizable amount of charge transfer takes place between the host and the guests.
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Affiliation(s)
- Dimitrios Gournis
- Department of Materials Science and Engineering, University of Ioannina, 45110 Ioannina, Greece.
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234
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Intermolecular and supramolecular photoinduced electron transfer processes of fullerene–porphyrin/phthalocyanine systems. JOURNAL OF PHOTOCHEMISTRY AND PHOTOBIOLOGY C-PHOTOCHEMISTRY REVIEWS 2004. [DOI: 10.1016/j.jphotochemrev.2004.01.003] [Citation(s) in RCA: 472] [Impact Index Per Article: 23.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/21/2022]
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235
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Wang GW, Li YJ, Peng RF, Liang ZH, Liu YC. Are the pyrazolines formed from the reaction of [60]fullerene with alkyl diazoacetates unstable? Tetrahedron 2004. [DOI: 10.1016/j.tet.2004.02.074] [Citation(s) in RCA: 23] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/16/2022]
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236
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Sofou P, Elemes Y, Panou-Pomonis E, Stavrakoudis A, Tsikaris V, Sakarellos C, Sakarellos-Daitsiotis M, Maggini M, Formaggio F, Toniolo C. Synthesis of a proline-rich [60]fullerene peptide with potential biological activity. Tetrahedron 2004. [DOI: 10.1016/j.tet.2004.01.064] [Citation(s) in RCA: 33] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/26/2022]
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237
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Amat MC, Van Lier G, Solà M, Duran M, Geerlings P. Quantum Chemical Study of the Reactivity of C60HR and C60(CHR) Derivatives. J Org Chem 2004; 69:2374-80. [PMID: 15049633 DOI: 10.1021/jo035652v] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/30/2022]
Abstract
In the present work a quantum chemical study of a series of substituted hydrofullerenes, C(60)HR, and a series of methanofullerenes, C(60)(CHR), is presented. Their reactivity and geometrical, energetic, electronic, and magnetic properties, as well as the influence of the substituent, are discussed. As a probe of the reactivity, the acidic properties of these fullerene derivatives were predicted, based on the calculated deprotonation energies, with a previously set up scheme. The electronic delocalization upon deprotonation was described, and the global (magnetizabilities) and local aromaticity (nucleus-independent chemical shifts) was analyzed and compared with respect to the group properties for the series of functional groups. The geometries of both acidic and basic forms were fully optimized at the AM1 level, and all property calculations were performed at the HF/3-21G and the B3LYP/6-31G* level of theory.
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Affiliation(s)
- Montserrat Cases Amat
- Institut de Química Computacional and Departament de Química, Universitat de Girona, E-17071 Girona, Catalonia, Spain
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238
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Nishikawa H, Kojima S, Kodama T, Ikemoto I, Suzuki S, Kikuchi K, Fujitsuka M, Luo H, Araki Y, Ito O. Photophysical Study of New Methanofullerene−TTF Dyads: An Obvious Intramolecular Charge Transfer in the Ground States. J Phys Chem A 2004. [DOI: 10.1021/jp037145n] [Citation(s) in RCA: 39] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/29/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Hiroyuki Nishikawa
- Department of Chemistry, Graduate School of Science, Tokyo Metropolitan University, Hachioji, Tokyo 192-0397, Japan, and Institute of Multidisciplinary Research for Advanced Materials, Tohoku University, CREST(JST), Katahira, Aoba-ku, Sendai, 980-8577, Japan
| | - Shigeru Kojima
- Department of Chemistry, Graduate School of Science, Tokyo Metropolitan University, Hachioji, Tokyo 192-0397, Japan, and Institute of Multidisciplinary Research for Advanced Materials, Tohoku University, CREST(JST), Katahira, Aoba-ku, Sendai, 980-8577, Japan
| | - Takeshi Kodama
- Department of Chemistry, Graduate School of Science, Tokyo Metropolitan University, Hachioji, Tokyo 192-0397, Japan, and Institute of Multidisciplinary Research for Advanced Materials, Tohoku University, CREST(JST), Katahira, Aoba-ku, Sendai, 980-8577, Japan
| | - Isao Ikemoto
- Department of Chemistry, Graduate School of Science, Tokyo Metropolitan University, Hachioji, Tokyo 192-0397, Japan, and Institute of Multidisciplinary Research for Advanced Materials, Tohoku University, CREST(JST), Katahira, Aoba-ku, Sendai, 980-8577, Japan
| | - Shinzo Suzuki
- Department of Chemistry, Graduate School of Science, Tokyo Metropolitan University, Hachioji, Tokyo 192-0397, Japan, and Institute of Multidisciplinary Research for Advanced Materials, Tohoku University, CREST(JST), Katahira, Aoba-ku, Sendai, 980-8577, Japan
| | - Koichi Kikuchi
- Department of Chemistry, Graduate School of Science, Tokyo Metropolitan University, Hachioji, Tokyo 192-0397, Japan, and Institute of Multidisciplinary Research for Advanced Materials, Tohoku University, CREST(JST), Katahira, Aoba-ku, Sendai, 980-8577, Japan
| | - Mamoru Fujitsuka
- Department of Chemistry, Graduate School of Science, Tokyo Metropolitan University, Hachioji, Tokyo 192-0397, Japan, and Institute of Multidisciplinary Research for Advanced Materials, Tohoku University, CREST(JST), Katahira, Aoba-ku, Sendai, 980-8577, Japan
| | - Hongxia Luo
- Department of Chemistry, Graduate School of Science, Tokyo Metropolitan University, Hachioji, Tokyo 192-0397, Japan, and Institute of Multidisciplinary Research for Advanced Materials, Tohoku University, CREST(JST), Katahira, Aoba-ku, Sendai, 980-8577, Japan
| | - Yasuyuki Araki
- Department of Chemistry, Graduate School of Science, Tokyo Metropolitan University, Hachioji, Tokyo 192-0397, Japan, and Institute of Multidisciplinary Research for Advanced Materials, Tohoku University, CREST(JST), Katahira, Aoba-ku, Sendai, 980-8577, Japan
| | - Osamu Ito
- Department of Chemistry, Graduate School of Science, Tokyo Metropolitan University, Hachioji, Tokyo 192-0397, Japan, and Institute of Multidisciplinary Research for Advanced Materials, Tohoku University, CREST(JST), Katahira, Aoba-ku, Sendai, 980-8577, Japan
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239
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240
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Tanaka H, Takeuchi K, Negishi Y, Tsukuda T. Highly oxygenated fullerene anions C60On− formed by corona discharge ionization in the gas phase. Chem Phys Lett 2004. [DOI: 10.1016/j.cplett.2003.11.113] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/16/2022]
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241
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Martín N, Altable M, Filippone S, Martín-Domenech A. Highly efficient Pauson–Khand reaction with C60: regioselective synthesis of unprecedented cis-1 biscycloadducts. Chem Commun (Camb) 2004:1338-9. [PMID: 15154065 DOI: 10.1039/b402616k] [Citation(s) in RCA: 43] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/21/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Nazario Martín
- Departamento de Quimica Organica, Facultad de Quimica, Universidad Complutense, E-28040 Madrid, Spain.
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242
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Li H, Zhou Y, Li Y, Song Y, Fang H, Xiao S, Liu H, Gan H, Jiu T, Zhu D. Fabrication and nonlinear optical properties of ultrathin films containing sulfonate functionalized fullerenes. Chem Phys Lett 2004. [DOI: 10.1016/j.cplett.2003.10.154] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/26/2022]
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243
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Takaguchi Y, Katayose Y, Yanagimoto Y, Motoyoshiya J, Aoyama H, Wakahara T, Maeda Y, Akasaka T. Photoinduced Dithiolation of Fullerene[60] with Dendrimer Disulfide. CHEM LETT 2003. [DOI: 10.1246/cl.2003.1124] [Citation(s) in RCA: 31] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/12/2022]
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244
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Hu YH, Ruckenstein E. Ab initio quantum chemical calculations for fullerene cages with large holes. J Chem Phys 2003. [DOI: 10.1063/1.1617971] [Citation(s) in RCA: 50] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/14/2022] Open
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245
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Maeda Y, Rahman GMA, Wakahara T, Kako M, Okamura M, Sato S, Akasaka T, Kobayashi K, Nagase S. Synthesis and characterization of tetrakis-silylated C60 isomers. J Org Chem 2003; 68:6791-4. [PMID: 12919050 DOI: 10.1021/jo0344788] [Citation(s) in RCA: 20] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/29/2022]
Abstract
A photochemical reaction of C(60) with disilane in a 2:3 ratio affords the isomer mixture of the tetrakis-adduct of C(60)((t)BuPh(2)Si)(4) as the major product. The use of a three-stage HPLC separation system isolated three of their isomers. Their structural assignments were based on FAB mass, UV-vis, NMR, and cyclic voltammetry (CV) measurements. The CV analysis showed that the terakis-adduct has lower oxidation and higher reduction potentials than the bis-adduct C(60)((t)BuPh(2)Si)(2) and the parent C(60).
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Affiliation(s)
- Yutaka Maeda
- Center for Tsukuba Advanced Research Alliance, Department of Chemistry, University of Tsukuba, Tsukuba, Ibaraki 305-8577, Japan
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246
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Toganoh M, Suzuki K, Udagawa R, Hirai A, Sawamura M, Nakamura E. Regioselective synthesis of [60]fullerene eta 5-indenide R3C60- and eta 5-cyclopentadienide R5C60- bearing different R groups. Org Biomol Chem 2003; 1:2604-11. [PMID: 12956084 DOI: 10.1039/b302468g] [Citation(s) in RCA: 26] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/21/2022]
Abstract
Treatment of a 1,7-diorgano[60]fullerene with Grignard reagents or organocopper reagents affords a [60]fullerene indenide or a [60]fullerene cyclopentadienide regioselectively in good to excellent yields. These reactions gave an insight into the reaction mechanism of the organocopper penta-addition reaction of [60]fullerene, giving [60]fullerene cyclopentadienide in quantitative yield.
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Affiliation(s)
- Motoki Toganoh
- Department of Chemistry, University of Tokyo, Bunkyo-ku, Tokyo 113-0033, Japan
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247
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Takaguchi Y, Sako Y, Yanagimoto Y, Tsuboi S, Motoyoshiya J, Aoyama H, Wakahara T, Akasaka T. Facile and reversible synthesis of an acidic water-soluble poly(amidoamine) fullerodendrimer. Tetrahedron Lett 2003. [DOI: 10.1016/s0040-4039(03)01425-4] [Citation(s) in RCA: 47] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/30/2022]
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248
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Nakamura Y, O-kawa K, Nishimura J. Biscycloaddition to [60]Fullerene: Regioselectivity and Its Control with Templates. BULLETIN OF THE CHEMICAL SOCIETY OF JAPAN 2003. [DOI: 10.1246/bcsj.76.865] [Citation(s) in RCA: 34] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/12/2022]
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249
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Wang Z, Meier MS. Monoalkylation of C60 and C70 with Zn and active alkyl bromides. J Org Chem 2003; 68:3043-8. [PMID: 12688770 DOI: 10.1021/jo020563o] [Citation(s) in RCA: 37] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/29/2022]
Abstract
We report a convenient and simple solution-phase electron-transfer reaction of C(60) with zinc and alpha-bromoacetonitrile, alpha-bromo acetate esters, allyl bromide, benzyl bromide and alpha-bromo ketones in DMF, with which different types of monoalkylated C(60) derivatives can be prepared. When this method is employed with C(70), 2-carbomethoxymethyl-1,2-dihydro[70]fullerene (isomer 5a) is produced as one of the two 1,2-monoalkylated C(70) isomers, together with the first 5,6-monoalkylated C(70) derivative.
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Affiliation(s)
- Zhongwen Wang
- Center for Advanced Carbon Materials, Department of Chemistry, University of Kentucky, Lexington, KY 40506-0055, USA
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250
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Coheur PF, Liévin J, Colin R, Razbirin B. Electronic and photophysical properties of C60Cl24. J Chem Phys 2003. [DOI: 10.1063/1.1525807] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/14/2022] Open
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