201
|
Bisgaard M, Petersen A, Christensen H. Multilocus sequence analysis of Pasteurella multocida demonstrates a type species under development. MICROBIOLOGY-SGM 2013; 159:580-590. [PMID: 23329677 DOI: 10.1099/mic.0.063461-0] [Citation(s) in RCA: 22] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/18/2022]
Abstract
The aim of the present study was to use multilocus sequence typing (MLST) of a diverse collection of Pasteurella multocida with regard to animal source, place and date of collection, including all available serovars of Carter, Heddleston, Little & Lyon, Namioka, Cornelius and Roberts, to further investigate the evolution of this species with a focus on two lineages, A (P. multocida subsp. multocida and P. multocida subsp. gallicida) and B (P. multocida subsp. septica), previously reported. Isolates of P. multocida (n = 116) including reference strains of major serotyping systems were investigated by MLST based on partial sequences of the genes adk, est, gdh, mdh, pgi, pmi and zwf, and 67 sequence types (STs) were observed. Phylogenetic analysis of these concatenated sequences confirmed the separation of groups A (41 STs, 71 isolates) and B (22 STs, 38 isolates) out of the 67 STs. All Carter serovars, 12 Heddleston serovars, all three Little-Lyon types, six out of seven Namioka serovars, all five Roberts types and all four Cornelius serovars were allocated to the A group, while group B included the remaining four Heddleston serovars, 6, 7, 8 and 13, in addition to Namioka type 8 : A. The overrepresentation of reference strains of serotyping systems in the A group contrasts with the high number of isolates obtained from diseased birds in the B group, the effect of which should be addressed in future vaccine development. Isolates from birds (25) dominated the B group, which also included four isolates from Felidae, whereas group A included isolates from all types of hosts. The evolutionary implications of the lack of capsular type D, pig and bovine isolates in group B, as well as its association with Aves and Felidae that also applied to the whole Rural Industries Research and Development Corporation (RIRDC) MLST database, need further investigation. The combination of rpoB and 16S rRNA gene sequence comparison as well as the developed PCR test assigned isolates to lineage A, represented by the type strain of P. multocida subsp. Multocida, or lineage B represented by the type strain of P. multocida subsp. septica. It was not possible to circumscribe either the A or B lineages with a set of conserved phenotypic characters, calling into question the validity of subspecies within P. multocida. Phylogenetic analysis carried out on individual MLST genes showed deviations as to single or multiple genes for 17 % of group A and 43 % of group B, indicating that lineage A probably developed from lineage B, and that major changes are ongoing. From a genotypical point of view, we conclude that P. multocida subsp. gallicida represents an artificial unit.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Magne Bisgaard
- Department of Veterinary Disease Biology, Faculty of Health and Medical Sciences, University of Copenhagen, Denmark
| | - Andreas Petersen
- Department of Veterinary Disease Biology, Faculty of Health and Medical Sciences, University of Copenhagen, Denmark
| | - Henrik Christensen
- Department of Veterinary Disease Biology, Faculty of Health and Medical Sciences, University of Copenhagen, Denmark
| |
Collapse
|
202
|
Abrahante JE, Johnson TJ, Hunter SS, Maheswaran SK, Hauglund MJ, Bayles DO, Tatum FM, Briggs RE. Draft Genome Sequences of Two Virulent Serotypes of Avian Pasteurella multocida. GENOME ANNOUNCEMENTS 2013; 1:e00058-12. [PMID: 23405337 PMCID: PMC3569333 DOI: 10.1128/genomea.00058-12] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/19/2012] [Accepted: 11/19/2012] [Indexed: 11/20/2022]
Abstract
Here we report the draft genome sequences of two virulent avian strains of Pasteurella multocida. Comparative analyses of these genomes were done with the published genome sequence of avirulent P. multocida strain Pm70.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Juan E. Abrahante
- Department of Veterinary and Biomedical Sciences, University of Minnesota, St. Paul, Minnesota, USA
| | - Timothy J. Johnson
- Department of Veterinary and Biomedical Sciences, University of Minnesota, St. Paul, Minnesota, USA
| | - Samuel S. Hunter
- Institute for Bioinformatics and Evolutionary Studies, University of Idaho, Moscow, Idaho, USA
| | - Samuel K. Maheswaran
- Department of Veterinary and Biomedical Sciences, University of Minnesota, St. Paul, Minnesota, USA
| | - Melissa J. Hauglund
- National Animal Disease Center, Agricultural Research Service, U.S. Department of Agriculture, Ames, Iowa, USA
| | - Darrell O. Bayles
- National Animal Disease Center, Agricultural Research Service, U.S. Department of Agriculture, Ames, Iowa, USA
| | - Fred M. Tatum
- National Animal Disease Center, Agricultural Research Service, U.S. Department of Agriculture, Ames, Iowa, USA
| | - Robert E. Briggs
- National Animal Disease Center, Agricultural Research Service, U.S. Department of Agriculture, Ames, Iowa, USA
| |
Collapse
|
203
|
Verma S, Sharma M, Katoch S, Verma L, Kumar S, Dogra V, Chahota R, Dhar P, Singh G. Profiling of virulence associated genes of Pasteurella multocida isolated from cattle. Vet Res Commun 2012; 37:83-9. [PMID: 23007877 DOI: 10.1007/s11259-012-9539-5] [Citation(s) in RCA: 25] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Accepted: 09/13/2012] [Indexed: 10/27/2022]
Abstract
Pasteurella multocida is a causative agent of many major diseases of which haemorrhagic septiciemia (HS) in cattle & a buffalo is responsible for significant losses to livestock sector in India and south Asia. The disease outcome is affected by various host- and pathogen-specific determinants. Several bacterial species-specific putative virulence factors including the capsular and virulence associated genes have been proposed to play a key role in this interaction. A total of 23 isolates of P. multocida were obtained from 335 cases of various clinically healthy and diseased cattle. These isolates were examined for capsule synthesis genes (capA, B, D, E and F) and eleven virulence associated genes (tbpA, pfhA, toxA, hgbB, hgbA, nanH, nanB, sodA, sodC, oma87 and ptfA) by PCR. A total of 19 P. multocida isolates belonging to capsular type B and 4 of capsular type A were isolated. All isolates of capsular type B harboured the virulence associated genes: tbpA, pfhA, hgbA, sodC and nanH, coding for transferrin binding protein, filamentous hemagglutinin, haemoglobin binding protein, superoxide dismutase and neuraminidases, respectively; while isolates belonging to capsular type A also carried tbpA, pfhA, hgbA and nanH genes. Only 50 % of capsular type A isolates contained sodC gene while 100 % of capsular type B isolates had sodC gene. The gene nanB and toxA were absent in all the 23 isolates. In capsular type A isolates, either sodA or sodC gene was present & these genes did not occur concurrently. The presence of virulence associated gene ptfA revealed a positive association with the disease outcome in cattle and could therefore be an important epidemiological marker gene for characterizing P. multocida isolates.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Subhash Verma
- Department of Veterinary Microbiology, Dr. G.C. Negi College of Veterinary & Animal Sciences, CSK Himachal Pradesh Agricultural University, Palampur, Himachal Pradesh, 176062, India.
| | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | |
Collapse
|
204
|
Chrząstek K, Kuczkowski M, Wieliczko AK, Bednarek KJ, Wieliczko A. Molecular Epidemiologic Investigation of Polish Avian Pasteurella multocida Strains Isolated from Fowl Cholera Outbreaks Showing Restricted Geographical and Host-Specific Distribution. Avian Dis 2012; 56:529-36. [DOI: 10.1637/10027-113011-reg.1] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/05/2022]
|
205
|
Tatum FM, Tabatabai LB, Briggs RE. Cross-Protection Against Fowl Cholera Disease with the Use of Recombinant Pasteurella multocida FHAB2 Peptides Vaccine. Avian Dis 2012; 56:589-91. [DOI: 10.1637/9991-111611-resnote.1] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/05/2022]
|
206
|
DeAngelis PL. Glycosaminoglycan polysaccharide biosynthesis and production: today and tomorrow. Appl Microbiol Biotechnol 2012; 94:295-305. [PMID: 22391966 DOI: 10.1007/s00253-011-3801-6] [Citation(s) in RCA: 92] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/02/2011] [Revised: 11/29/2011] [Accepted: 12/01/2011] [Indexed: 10/28/2022]
Abstract
Glycosaminoglycans [GAGs] are essential heteropolysaccharides in vertebrate tissues that are also, in certain cases, employed as virulence factors by microbes. Hyaluronan [HA], heparin, and chondroitin sulfate [CS] are GAGs currently used in various medical applications and together are multi-billion dollar products thus targets for production by animal-free manufacture. By using bacteria as the source of GAGs, the pathogen's sword may be converted into a plowshare to help avoid potential liabilities springing from the use of animal-derived GAGs including adventitious agents (e.g., prions, pathogens), antigenicity, degradation of the environment, and depletion of endangered species. HA from microbes, which have a chemical structure identical to human HA, has already been commercialized and sold at the ton-scale. Substantial progress towards microbial heparin and CS has been made, but these vertebrate polymers are more complicated structurally than the unsulfated bacterial polysaccharide precursors thus require additional processing steps. This review provides an overview of GAG structure, medical applications, microbial biosynthesis, and the state of bacterial GAG production systems. Representatives of all glycosyltransferase enzymes that polymerize the sugar chains of the three main GAGs have been identified and serve as the core technology to harness, but the proteins involved in sugar precursor formation and chain export steps of biosynthesis are also essential to the GAG production process. In addition, this review discusses future directions and potential important issues. Overall, this area is poised to make great headway to produce safer (both increased purity and more secure supply chains) non-animal GAG-based therapeutics.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Paul L DeAngelis
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, University of Oklahoma Health Sciences Center, Oklahoma City, OK 73126, USA.
| |
Collapse
|
207
|
Detection of Pasteurella multocida isolates from local pigs of India by polymerase chain reaction and their antibiogram. Trop Anim Health Prod 2012; 44:1497-503. [DOI: 10.1007/s11250-012-0094-4] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Accepted: 01/25/2012] [Indexed: 11/30/2022]
|
208
|
Harper M, Boyce JD, Adler B. The key surface components of Pasteurella multocida: capsule and lipopolysaccharide. Curr Top Microbiol Immunol 2012; 361:39-51. [PMID: 22373812 DOI: 10.1007/82_2012_202] [Citation(s) in RCA: 18] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/21/2023]
Abstract
The capsule and lipopolysaccharide (LPS) of Pasteurella multocida constitute the major components of the bacterial cell surface. As well as forming the basis for the most widely used classification systems, they play key roles in a range of interactions between the bacteria and the hosts they colonize or infect. Both polysaccharides are involved in the avoidance of host innate immune mechanisms, such as resistance to phagocytosis, complement-mediated killing, and the bactericidal activity of antimicrobial peptides; they are therefore essential for virulence. In addition, LPS is a major antigen in the stimulation of adaptive immune responses to infection.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Marina Harper
- Australian Research Council Centre of Excellence in Structural and Functional Microbial Genomics, Department of Microbiology, Monash University, Clayton, Victoria 3800, Australia
| | | | | |
Collapse
|
209
|
Abstract
Pasteurella multocida was first discovered by Perroncito in 1878 and named after Louis Pasteur who first isolated and described this Gram-negative bacterium as the cause of fowl disease in 1880. Subsequently, P. multocida was also found to cause atrophic rhinitis in pigs, haemorrhagic septicaemia in cattle and respiratory diseases in many other animals. Among other factors such as lipopolysaccharide, outer membrane proteins and its capsule, the protein toxin (PMT) of P. multocida is an important virulence factor that determines the immunological response of the host's immune system. However, the exact molecular mechanisms taking place in cells of the innate and adaptive immune system are largely unknown for any of these virulence factors. Due to the obvious function of PMT on cells of the porcine skeletal system where it causes bone destruction, PMT was regarded as an osteolytic protein toxin. However, it remained unclear what the actual benefit for the bacteria would be. Recently, more attention was drawn to the osteoimmunological effects of PMT and the interplay between bone and immune cells. This review summarises the knowledge of effects of P. multocida virulence factors on the host's immune system.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Katharina F Kubatzky
- Department of Infectious Diseases, Medical Microbiology and Hygiene, University Hospital Heidelberg, Im Neuenheimer Feld 324, 69120, Heidelberg, Germany.
| |
Collapse
|
210
|
LEE KE, JEOUNG HY, LEE JY, LEE MH, CHOI HW, CHANG KS, OH YH, AN DJ. Phenotypic Characterization and Random Amplified Polymorphic DNA (RAPD) analysis of Pasteurella multocida isolated from Korean Pigs. J Vet Med Sci 2012; 74:567-73. [DOI: 10.1292/jvms.11-0418] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/22/2022] Open
Affiliation(s)
- Ki-Eun LEE
- Animal, Plant and Fisheries Quarantine and Inspection Agency, Anyang, Gyeonggi-do, 430-824, South Korea
| | - Hye-Young JEOUNG
- Animal, Plant and Fisheries Quarantine and Inspection Agency, Anyang, Gyeonggi-do, 430-824, South Korea
| | - Ji-Youn LEE
- Animal, Plant and Fisheries Quarantine and Inspection Agency, Anyang, Gyeonggi-do, 430-824, South Korea
| | - Myoung-Heon LEE
- Animal, Plant and Fisheries Quarantine and Inspection Agency, Anyang, Gyeonggi-do, 430-824, South Korea
| | - Hwan-Won CHOI
- ChoongAng Vaccine Laboratories, Daejon, 305-348, South Korea
| | | | - Young-Hee OH
- Seoul Metropolitan Government Research Institute of Public Health and Environment, Gwacheon, Gyeonggi-do, 427-070, South Korea
| | - Dong-Jun AN
- Animal, Plant and Fisheries Quarantine and Inspection Agency, Anyang, Gyeonggi-do, 430-824, South Korea
| |
Collapse
|
211
|
Cimini D, Rosa MD, Schiraldi C. Production of glucuronic acid-based polysaccharides by microbial fermentation for biomedical applications. Biotechnol J 2011; 7:237-50. [PMID: 22125298 DOI: 10.1002/biot.201100242] [Citation(s) in RCA: 31] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/02/2011] [Revised: 08/05/2011] [Accepted: 09/08/2011] [Indexed: 11/10/2022]
Abstract
This review provides an overview of the properties, different biosynthetic machineries, and biotechnological production processes of four microbially derived glucuronic acid-based polysaccharides that are of interest for diverse biomedical purposes. In particular, the utilization of hyaluronic acid and heparin sulfate in high-value medical applications is already well established, whereas chondroitin sulfate and alginate show high potential within this ever-growing field. Furthermore, new strategies exploiting genetically engineered microorganisms generated through improving naturally existing pathways or de novo designed ones are described. These new developments result in increased fermentation titers, and thereby, pave the way towards feasible, or at least improved, process economy. Moreover, these strategies also allow for the future possibility of producing tailor-made biopolymers with specified characteristics, even novel molecules.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Donatella Cimini
- Second University of Naples, Department of Experimental Medicine, Section of Biotechnology and Molecular Biology, Naples, Italy
| | | | | |
Collapse
|
212
|
Soriano-Vargas E, Vega-Sánchez V, Zamora-Espinosa JL, Acosta-Dibarrat J, Aguilar-Romero F, Negrete-Abascal E. Identification of Pasteurella multocida capsular types isolated from rabbits and other domestic animals in Mexico with respiratory diseases. Trop Anim Health Prod 2011; 44:935-7. [DOI: 10.1007/s11250-011-9995-x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Accepted: 10/24/2011] [Indexed: 11/30/2022]
|
213
|
Abstract
Hemorrhagic septicemia (HS), an acute, fatal and septicemic disease of cattle and buffaloes caused by Pasteurella multocida, is important in tropical regions of the world, especially in African and Asian countries. The prevalence of disease has been well documented with predominant isolation of P. multocida serotypes B:2 and E:2. Conventional methods of identification such as serotyping, biotyping, antibiogram determination and pathogenicity as well as molecular methods (P. multocida-specific polymerase chain reaction (PCR), a serogroup B-specific PCR assay, multiplex capsular typing system and loop-mediated isothermal amplification techniques) and characterization (restriction endonuclease analysis, randomly amplified polymorphic DNA analysis, repetitive extragenic palidromic PCR and enterobacterial repetitive intergenic consensus PCR analysis) are applied in parallel for rapid epidemiological investigations of HS outbreaks. Although several vaccine formulations including alum precipitated, oil adjuvant and multiple emulsion vaccines are commercially available, the quest for suitable broadly protective HS vaccines with long-lasting immunity is on the upsurge. Concurrently, attempts are being made to unravel the mysteries of the pathogen and its virulence factors, pathogenesis and determinants of protective immunity as well as diversity among strains of P. multocida. This review highlights the advances in these various aspects of HS.
Collapse
|
214
|
Michael GB, Kadlec K, Sweeney MT, Brzuszkiewicz E, Liesegang H, Daniel R, Murray RW, Watts JL, Schwarz S. ICEPmu1, an integrative conjugative element (ICE) of Pasteurella multocida: structure and transfer. J Antimicrob Chemother 2011; 67:91-100. [DOI: 10.1093/jac/dkr411] [Citation(s) in RCA: 77] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/14/2022] Open
|
215
|
García N, Fernández-Garayzábal JF, Goyache J, Domínguez L, Vela AI. Associations between biovar and virulence factor genes in Pasteurella multocida
isolates from pigs in Spain. Vet Rec 2011; 169:362. [DOI: 10.1136/vr.d4869] [Citation(s) in RCA: 27] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/03/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- N. García
- Centro de Vigilancia Sanitaria Veterinaria; Universidad Complutense; 28040 Madrid Spain
| | | | - J. Goyache
- Centro de Vigilancia Sanitaria Veterinaria; Universidad Complutense; 28040 Madrid Spain
| | - L. Domínguez
- Centro de Vigilancia Sanitaria Veterinaria; Universidad Complutense; 28040 Madrid Spain
| | - A. I. Vela
- Centro de Vigilancia Sanitaria Veterinaria; Universidad Complutense; 28040 Madrid Spain
| |
Collapse
|
216
|
Pasteurella multocida involved in respiratory disease of wild chimpanzees. PLoS One 2011; 6:e24236. [PMID: 21931664 PMCID: PMC3169569 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0024236] [Citation(s) in RCA: 31] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/20/2011] [Accepted: 08/03/2011] [Indexed: 11/19/2022] Open
Abstract
Pasteurella multocida can cause a variety of diseases in various species of mammals and birds throughout the world but nothing is known about its importance for wild great apes. In this study we isolated P. multocida from wild living, habituated chimpanzees from Taï National Park, Côte d'Ivoire. Isolates originated from two chimpanzees that died during a respiratory disease outbreak in 2004 as well as from one individual that developed chronic air-sacculitis following this outbreak. Four isolates were subjected to a full phenotypic and molecular characterisation. Two different clones were identified using pulsed field gel electrophoresis. Multi Locus Sequence Typing (MLST) enabled the identification of previous unknown alleles and two new sequence types, ST68 and ST69, were assigned. Phylogenetic analysis of the superoxide dismutase (sodA) gene and concatenated sequences from seven MLST-housekeeping genes showed close clustering within known P. multocida isolated from various hosts and geographic locations. Due to the clinical relevance of the strains described here, these results make an important contribution to our knowledge of pathogens involved in lethal disease outbreaks among endangered great apes.
Collapse
|
217
|
Sahragard I, Tahamtan Y, Valadan M, Hyati M, Moazeni F, Shirazi Z. Development of rapid PCR method for simultaneous identification of species, specific capsular type, and toxigenicity of Pasteurella sp. isolates. ACTA ACUST UNITED AC 2011. [DOI: 10.1007/s00580-011-1291-7] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/18/2022]
|
218
|
Jaglic Z, Jeklova E, Christensen H, Leva L, Register K, Kummer V, Kucerova Z, Faldyna M, Maskova J, Nedbalcova K. Host response in rabbits to infection with Pasteurella multocida serogroup F strains originating from fowl cholera. CANADIAN JOURNAL OF VETERINARY RESEARCH = REVUE CANADIENNE DE RECHERCHE VETERINAIRE 2011; 75:200-208. [PMID: 22210996 PMCID: PMC3122976] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/23/2010] [Accepted: 07/19/2010] [Indexed: 05/31/2023]
Abstract
Although Pasteurella multocida serogroup F has been described as an avian-adapted serogroup, it was recently found in rabbit nests in the Czech Republic. Therefore, the ability of 2 avian P. multocida serogroup F strains to induce disease in rabbits was investigated. Two groups of 18 Pasteurella-free rabbits were intranasally challenged with strains isolated from chickens and turkeys. Half of the animals in each challenge group were immunosuppressed using dexamethasone. All of the challenged rabbits exhibited clinical signs of peracute septicemic disease, ending with shock, and died or were euthanized in the terminal stages of the disease 1 to 2 d post-infection. Gross pathological changes included systemic vascular collapse and vascular leak syndrome. Hyperemia, hemorrhage, edema, inflammatory cell infiltrates, focal necrosis, and degenerative changes were observed histologically in parenchymatous organs. This is the first study directly demonstrating that avian P. multocida serogroup F strains are highly virulent in rabbits and that avian hosts cannot be excluded as a possible source of rabbit infection with serogroup F.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Zoran Jaglic
- Veterinary Research Institute, Hudcova 70, 621 00 Brno, Czech Republic.
| | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | |
Collapse
|
219
|
Pasteurella multocida Heddleston serovars 1 and 14 express different lipopolysaccharide structures but share the same lipopolysaccharide biosynthesis outer core locus. Vet Microbiol 2011; 150:289-96. [DOI: 10.1016/j.vetmic.2011.01.028] [Citation(s) in RCA: 19] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/12/2010] [Revised: 01/21/2011] [Accepted: 01/28/2011] [Indexed: 11/19/2022]
|
220
|
Pors SE, Hansen MS, Christensen H, Jensen HE, Petersen A, Bisgaard M. Genetic diversity and associated pathology of Pasteurella multocida isolated from porcine pneumonia. Vet Microbiol 2011; 150:354-61. [DOI: 10.1016/j.vetmic.2011.02.050] [Citation(s) in RCA: 20] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/18/2009] [Revised: 02/21/2011] [Accepted: 02/24/2011] [Indexed: 10/18/2022]
|
221
|
The occurrence of Bordetella bronchiseptica in pigs with clinical respiratory disease. Vet J 2011; 188:337-40. [DOI: 10.1016/j.tvjl.2010.05.022] [Citation(s) in RCA: 31] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/23/2009] [Revised: 05/23/2010] [Accepted: 05/24/2010] [Indexed: 11/24/2022]
|
222
|
Strugnell BW, Dagleish MP, Bayne CW, Brown M, Ainsworth HL, Nicholas RAJ, Wood A, Hodgson JC. Investigations into an outbreak of corvid respiratory disease associated withPasteurella multocida. Avian Pathol 2011; 40:329-36. [DOI: 10.1080/03079457.2011.571659] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/18/2022]
|
223
|
Petridou EJ, Gianniki Z, Giadinis ND, Filioussis G, Dovas CI, Psychas V. Outbreak of polyarthritis in lambs attributed to Pasteurella multocida. Vet Rec 2011; 168:50. [PMID: 21257563 DOI: 10.1136/vr.c4745] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/04/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- E J Petridou
- Laboratory of Microbiology and Infectious Diseases, School of Veterinary Medicine, Aristotle University of Thessaloniki, Thessaloniki 546 27, Greece
| | | | | | | | | | | |
Collapse
|
224
|
|
225
|
McFadden AMJ, Christensen H, Fairley RA, Hill FI, Gill JM, Keeling SE, Spence RP. Outbreaks of pleuritis and peritonitis in calves associated with Pasteurella multocida capsular type B strain. N Z Vet J 2011; 59:40-5. [DOI: 10.1080/00480169.2011.547168] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/18/2022]
|
226
|
Mühldorfer K, Schwarz S, Fickel J, Wibbelt G, Speck S. Genetic diversity of Pasteurella species isolated from European vespertilionid bats. Vet Microbiol 2010; 149:163-71. [PMID: 21050683 DOI: 10.1016/j.vetmic.2010.10.002] [Citation(s) in RCA: 19] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/29/2010] [Revised: 09/30/2010] [Accepted: 10/04/2010] [Indexed: 10/19/2022]
Abstract
Pasteurella are an important cause of fatal infections in free-ranging bats, but the genetic diversity of bat-derived strains is unclear. In the current study, 81 Pasteurella strains associated with pneumonia, severe organ necroses and systemic infection in free-ranging European vespertilionid bats were characterized by biochemical and molecular typing methods. Genetic relationships and subspecies status of Pasteurella multocida strains were determined by comparative 16S rDNA and rpoB gene sequence analysis. In addition, 30 representatives of the bat-derived P. multocida strains were selected based on phenotypic and genotypic tests to be compared by pulsed-field gel electrophoresis using SmaI. Most (85%) of the Pasteurella strains obtained from free-ranging bats in this study represented P. multocida ssp. septica. P. multocida ssp. multocida and Pasteurella species B were also identified in a small number of isolates. PFGE analysis correlated well with the sequencing results and revealed a high genetic diversity among bat-derived strains of P. multocida ssp. septica. Strains sharing identical or closely related SmaI fragment patterns were cultured from bats of different species, geographic origins, and years of isolation. The presence of numerous different P. multocida strains allows the assumption that Pasteurella infections in vespertilionid bats are not solely based on intra- but also on inter-species transmission. And indeed, our results present evidence of P. multocida infections in bats following cat predation.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Kristin Mühldorfer
- Leibniz Institute for Zoo and Wildlife Research (IZW), Research Group of Wildlife Diseases, Alfred-Kowalke-Str. 17, D-10315 Berlin, Germany.
| | | | | | | | | |
Collapse
|
227
|
Analysis of the biosynthesis genes and chemical components of the capsule of Avibacterium paragallinarum. Vet Microbiol 2010; 145:90-9. [DOI: 10.1016/j.vetmic.2010.03.002] [Citation(s) in RCA: 26] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/09/2009] [Revised: 11/06/2009] [Accepted: 03/05/2010] [Indexed: 11/23/2022]
|
228
|
Schiraldi C, Cimini D, De Rosa M. Production of chondroitin sulfate and chondroitin. Appl Microbiol Biotechnol 2010; 87:1209-20. [DOI: 10.1007/s00253-010-2677-1] [Citation(s) in RCA: 81] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/31/2010] [Revised: 05/07/2010] [Accepted: 05/07/2010] [Indexed: 10/19/2022]
|
229
|
Fis is essential for capsule production in Pasteurella multocida and regulates expression of other important virulence factors. PLoS Pathog 2010; 6:e1000750. [PMID: 20140235 PMCID: PMC2816674 DOI: 10.1371/journal.ppat.1000750] [Citation(s) in RCA: 56] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/18/2009] [Accepted: 01/06/2010] [Indexed: 02/02/2023] Open
Abstract
P. multocida is the causative agent of a wide range of diseases of animals, including fowl cholera in poultry and wild birds. Fowl cholera isolates of P. multocida generally express a capsular polysaccharide composed of hyaluronic acid. There have been reports of spontaneous capsule loss in P. multocida, but the mechanism by which this occurs has not been determined. In this study, we identified three independent strains that had spontaneously lost the ability to produce capsular polysaccharide. Quantitative RT-PCR showed that these strains had significantly reduced transcription of the capsule biosynthetic genes, but DNA sequence analysis identified no mutations within the capsule biosynthetic locus. However, whole-genome sequencing of paired capsulated and acapsular strains identified a single point mutation within the fis gene in the acapsular strain. Sequencing of fis from two independently derived spontaneous acapsular strains showed that each contained a mutation within fis. Complementation of these strains with an intact copy of fis, predicted to encode a transcriptional regulator, returned capsule expression to all strains. Therefore, expression of a functional Fis protein is essential for capsule expression in P. multocida. DNA microarray analysis of one of the spontaneous fis mutants identified approximately 30 genes as down-regulated in the mutant, including pfhB_2, which encodes a filamentous hemagglutinin, a known P. multocida virulence factor, and plpE, which encodes the cross protective surface antigen PlpE. Therefore these experiments define for the first time a mechanism for spontaneous capsule loss in P. multocida and identify Fis as a critical regulator of capsule expression. Furthermore, Fis is involved in the regulation of a range of other P. multocida genes including important virulence factors. Pasteurella multocida is an animal pathogen of worldwide economic significance. It causes fowl cholera in wild birds and poultry, hemorrhagic septicemia in ungulates, and atrophic rhinitis in swine. The major virulence factor in fowl cholera-causing isolates is the polysaccharide capsule, which is composed of hyaluronic acid. Although there have been reports of spontaneous capsule loss in some strains, to date there has been no systematic investigation into the molecular mechanisms of this phenomenon. In this study, we describe for the first time the underlying transcriptional mechanisms required for the expression of capsule in P. multocida, and identify a transcriptional regulator required for capsule production.
Collapse
|
230
|
STHITMATEE N, KATAOKA Y, SAWADA T. Molecular Epidemiology of Japanese Avian Pasteurella multocida Strains by the Single-Enzyme Amplified Fragment Length Polymorphism and Pulsed-Field Gel Electrophoresis. J Vet Med Sci 2010; 72:1465-70. [DOI: 10.1292/jvms.10-0181] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/22/2022] Open
Affiliation(s)
- Nattawooti STHITMATEE
- Laboratory of Veterinary Microbiology, School of Veterinary Medicine, Nippon Veterinary and Life Science University
- Department of Veterinary Bioscience and Veterinary Public Health, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, Chiang Mai University
| | - Yasushi KATAOKA
- Laboratory of Veterinary Microbiology, School of Veterinary Medicine, Nippon Veterinary and Life Science University
| | - Takuo SAWADA
- Laboratory of Veterinary Microbiology, School of Veterinary Medicine, Nippon Veterinary and Life Science University
| |
Collapse
|
231
|
Genetic diversity of porcine Pasteurella multocida strains from the respiratory tract of healthy and diseased swine. Vet Microbiol 2009; 139:97-105. [DOI: 10.1016/j.vetmic.2009.04.027] [Citation(s) in RCA: 43] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/07/2008] [Revised: 04/17/2009] [Accepted: 04/24/2009] [Indexed: 11/17/2022]
|
232
|
Structural and genetic basis for the serological differentiation of Pasteurella multocida Heddleston serotypes 2 and 5. J Bacteriol 2009; 191:6950-9. [PMID: 19767423 DOI: 10.1128/jb.00787-09] [Citation(s) in RCA: 27] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/01/2023] Open
Abstract
Pasteurella multocida is classified into 16 serotypes according to the Heddleston typing scheme. As part of a comprehensive study to define the structural and genetic basis of this scheme, we have determined the structure of the lipopolysaccharide (LPS) produced by P. multocida strains M1404 (B:2) and P1702 (E:5), the type strains for serotypes 2 and 5, respectively. The only difference between the LPS structures made by these two strains was the absence of a phosphoethanolamine (PEtn) moiety at the 3 position of the second heptose (Hep II) in M1404. Analysis of the lpt-3 gene, required for the addition of this PEtn residue, revealed that the gene was intact in P1702 but contained a nonsense mutation in M1404. Expression of an intact copy of lpt-3 in M1404 resulted in the attachment of a PEtn residue to the 3 position of the Hep II residue, generating an LPS structure identical to that produced by P1702. We identified and characterized each of the glycosyltransferase genes required for assembly of the serotype 2 and 5 LPS outer core. Monoclonal antibodies raised against serotype 2 LPS recognized the serotype 2/5-specific outer core LPS structure, but recognition of this structure was inhibited by the PEtn residue on Hep II. These data indicate that the serological classification of strains into Heddleston serotypes 2 and 5 is dependent on the presence or absence of PEtn on Hep II.
Collapse
|
233
|
Tatum FM, Tabatabai LB, Briggs RE. Sialic acid uptake is necessary for virulence of Pasteurella multocida in turkeys. Microb Pathog 2009; 46:337-44. [PMID: 19366625 DOI: 10.1016/j.micpath.2009.04.003] [Citation(s) in RCA: 19] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/25/2008] [Revised: 03/27/2009] [Accepted: 04/02/2009] [Indexed: 10/20/2022]
Abstract
Many pathogenic bacteria employ systems to incorporate sialic acid into their membranes as a means of protection against host defense mechanisms. In Pasteurella multocida, an opportunistic pathogen which causes diseases of economic importance in a wide range of animal species, sialic acid uptake plays a role in a mouse model of systemic pasteurellosis. To further investigate the importance of sialic acid uptake in pathogenesis, sialic acid uptake mutants of an avian strain of P. multocida P-1059 (A:3) were constructed, characterized, and an in-frame sialic acid uptake deletion mutant was assessed for virulence in turkeys. Inactivation of sialic acid uptake resulted in a high degree of attenuation when turkeys were challenged either intranasally or intravenously. Resistance of the sialic acid uptake mutant to killing by turkey serum complement was similar to that of the parent, suggesting other mechanisms are responsible for attenuation of virulence in turkeys.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Fred M Tatum
- US Department of Agriculture, Respiratory Diseases of Livestock Unit, National Animal Disease Center, Agricultural Research Service, Ames, IA 50010, USA
| | | | | |
Collapse
|
234
|
Hsuan SL, Liao CM, Huang C, Winton JR, Chen ZW, Lee WC, Liao JW, Chen TH, Chiou CJ, Yeh KS, Chien MS. Efficacy of a novel Pasteurella multocida vaccine against progressive atrophic rhinitis of swine. Vaccine 2009; 27:2923-9. [PMID: 19428902 DOI: 10.1016/j.vaccine.2009.03.005] [Citation(s) in RCA: 16] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/19/2008] [Revised: 02/26/2009] [Accepted: 03/04/2009] [Indexed: 11/30/2022]
Abstract
The efficacy of a novel vaccine composed of three short recombinant subunit Pasteurella multocida toxin (PMT) proteins in combination with a bi-valent P. multocida whole-cell bacterin (rsPMT-PM) was evaluated in field studies for prevention and control of progressive atrophic rhinitis (PAR) of swine at 15 conventional farrow-to-finish farms. Experimental piglets that were immunized twice with the rsPMT-PM vaccine developed detectable titers of neutralizing antibodies (greater than 1:8) that prevented the growth retardation and pathological lesions typically observed following challenge with authentic PMT. A total of 542 sows were vaccinated once or twice prior to parturition and serum neutralizing antibody titers were evaluated. Both single and double vaccination protocols induced neutralizing antibody titers of 1:16 or higher in 62% and 74% of sows, respectively. Notably, neither sows nor piglets at a farm experiencing a severe outbreak of PAR at the time of the vaccination trial had detectable antibody titers, but antibody titers increased significantly to 1:16 or higher in 40% of sows following double vaccination. During the year after vaccination, clinical signs of PAR decreased in fattening pigs and growth performance improved sufficiently to reduce the rearing period until marketing by 2 weeks. Collectively, these results indicate that the rsPMT-PM vaccine could be used to provide protective immunity for controlling the prevalence and severity of PAR among farm-raised swine.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Shih-Ling Hsuan
- Graduate Institute of Veterinary Pathobiology, College of Veterinary Medicine, National Chung Hsing University, Taichung, Taiwan, ROC
| | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | |
Collapse
|
235
|
Isolation, antimicrobial resistance, and virulence genes of Pasteurella multocida strains from swine in China. J Clin Microbiol 2009; 47:951-8. [PMID: 19158260 DOI: 10.1128/jcm.02029-08] [Citation(s) in RCA: 130] [Impact Index Per Article: 8.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/20/2022] Open
Abstract
A total of 233 isolates of Pasteurella multocida were obtained from 2,912 cases of clinical respiratory disease in pigs in China, giving an isolation rate of 8.0%. Serogroup A P. multocida isolates were isolated from 92 cases (39.5%), and serogroup D isolates were isolated from 128 cases (54.9%); 12 isolates (5.2%) were untypeable. P. multocida was the fourth most frequent pathogenic bacterium recovered from the respiratory tract, after Streptococcus suis, Haemophilus parasuis, and Escherichia coli. All isolates were characterized for their susceptibilities to 20 antibiotics and the presence of 19 genes for virulence factors (VFs). The frequency of antimicrobial resistance among P. multocida isolates from swine in China was higher than that reported among P. multocida isolates from swine in from other countries, and 93.1% of the isolates showed multiple-drug resistance. There was a progressive increase in the rate of multiresistance to more than seven antibiotics, from 16.2% in 2003 to 62.8% in 2007. The resistance profiles suggested that cephalosporins, florfenicol, and fluoroquinolones were the drugs most likely to be active against P. multocida. Use of PCR showed that colonization factors (ptfA, fimA, and hsf-2), iron acquisition factors, sialidases (nanH), and outer membrane proteins occurred in most porcine strains. The VFs pfhA, tadD, toxA, and pmHAS were each present in <50% of strains. The various VFs exhibited distinctive associations with serogroups: concentrated in serogroup A, concentrated in serogroup D, or occurring jointly in serogroups A and D. These findings provide novel insights into the epidemiological characteristics of porcine P. multocida isolates and suggest that the potential threat of such multiresistant bacteria in food-producing animals should not be neglected.
Collapse
|
236
|
Kalorey DR, Yuvaraj S, Vanjari SS, Gunjal PS, Dhanawade NB, Barbuddhe SB, Bhandarkar AG. PCR analysis of Pasteurella multocida isolates from an outbreak of pasteurellosis in Indian pigs. Comp Immunol Microbiol Infect Dis 2008; 31:459-65. [PMID: 17669491 DOI: 10.1016/j.cimid.2007.06.003] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Accepted: 06/28/2007] [Indexed: 10/23/2022]
Abstract
An outbreak of pasteurellosis with high mortality was recorded in indigenous pigs in India. The presence of Pasteurella multocida in samples collected from dead pigs was detected by smear examination and isolation, and later by P. multocida specific polymerase chain reaction (PM-PCR). P. multocida was detected in all the samples collected from dead pigs, with nine strains ultimately isolated. All the isolates were positive by PM-PCR. Six isolates showed CAPA and three were of CAPD capsular types. All the isolates were negative for toxigenic gene (toxA). The isolates were sensitive to oxytetracycline, doxycycline, gentamycin, erythromycin, ampicillin, amoxycillin, chloramphenicol and enrofloxacin and resistant to sulphadiazine and cloxacillin. The PCR assays used in this study have been shown to be useful diagnostic tools for P. multocida detection and characterization.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- D R Kalorey
- Department of Microbiology, Nagpur Veterinary College, Maharashtra Animal and Fishery Sciences University, Seminary Hills, Nagpur 440006, India.
| | | | | | | | | | | | | |
Collapse
|
237
|
Kumar P, Singh VP, Agrawal RK, Singh S. Identification of Pasteurella multocida isolates of ruminant origin using polymerase chain reaction and their antibiogram study. Trop Anim Health Prod 2008; 41:573-8. [PMID: 18759064 DOI: 10.1007/s11250-008-9226-2] [Citation(s) in RCA: 17] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/29/2008] [Accepted: 08/16/2008] [Indexed: 11/28/2022]
Abstract
A total of 100 isolates of Pasteurella multocida from various ruminant species (cattle, buffalo and sheep) belonging to different parts of country were identified using Pasteurella multocida-PCR (PM-PCR) and capsular PCR assays. PM-PCR revealed an amplicon of approximately 460 bp in all the isolates tested. As regards capsular PCR, 36 of 38 cattle isolates and 30 of 34 buffalo isolates were found to belong to capsular serogroup B whereas rest of the cattle and buffalo isolates belonged to serogroup A of P. multocida. In case of sheep, a total of 26 out of 28 isolates were positive for serogroup A specific PCR while remaining 2 amplified a PCR product specific for serogroup F of P. multocida. All the isolates were subjected to antibiotic sensitivity testing using 17 different antibiotics. Enrofloxacin was found to be most potent antibiotic as it was effective against 94% of the isolates followed by ofloxacin (93%), chloramphenicol (93%), doxycycline (89%), tetracycline (86%) and ciprofloxacin (84%). Vancomycin, bacitracin and sulfadiazine were ineffective against P. multocida isolates showing 84%, 75% and 82% resistance, respectively. Further, the antibiogram also revealed the development of resistance against multiple drugs among various isolates of the organism.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- P Kumar
- All India Network Programme on Haemorrhagic Septicaemia, Indian Veterinary Research Institute, Izatnagar 243122, India
| | | | | | | |
Collapse
|
238
|
Shayegh J, Atashpaz S, Hejazi M. Virulence Genes Profile and Typing of Ovine Pasteurella multocida. ACTA ACUST UNITED AC 2008. [DOI: 10.3923/ajava.2008.206.213] [Citation(s) in RCA: 20] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/15/2022]
|
239
|
Evaluation of different API systems for identification of porcine Pasteurella multocida isolates. Res Vet Sci 2008; 85:453-6. [PMID: 18343468 DOI: 10.1016/j.rvsc.2008.02.002] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/23/2007] [Revised: 01/29/2008] [Accepted: 02/05/2008] [Indexed: 11/23/2022]
Abstract
An exhaustive biochemical characterisation of 60 porcine Pasteurella multocida clinical isolates recovered from lesions indicative of pneumonia, previously confirmed by PCR and all belonging to the capsular serogroup A, was performed by means of four commercial systems. The API 20NE correctly identified almost all isolates (95%), but only 60% could be ascribed to this species by the API 20E method. The high diversity exhibited by the API 50CHB/E system, with six different patterns, does not advise its use as additional system for a definitive identification at the species level, but this method could be a potential tool for characterising P. multocida isolates below this level. The more uniform reactions yielded by the API ZYM test make this system helpful in the confirmatory identification of this organism. The high variability (20 profiles) obtained when the four systems are taken together also suggests their usefulness for epidemiological purposes in order to sub-type P. multocida isolates.
Collapse
|
240
|
Abstract
AbstractPasteurella multocidais a pathogenic Gram-negative bacterium that has been classified into three subspecies, five capsular serogroups and 16 serotypes.P. multocidaserogroup A isolates are bovine nasopharyngeal commensals, bovine pathogens and common isolates from bovine respiratory disease (BRD), both enzootic calf pneumonia of young dairy calves and shipping fever of weaned, stressed beef cattle.P. multocidaA:3 is the most common serotype isolated from BRD, and these isolates have limited heterogeneity based on outer membrane protein (OMP) profiles and ribotyping. Development ofP. multocida-induced pneumonia is associated with environmental and stress factors such as shipping, co-mingling, and overcrowding as well as concurrent or predisposing viral or bacterial infections. Lung lesions consist of an acute to subacute bronchopneumonia that may or may not have an associated pleuritis. Numerous virulence or potential virulence factors have been described for bovine respiratory isolates including adherence and colonization factors, iron-regulated and acquisition proteins, extracellular enzymes such as neuraminidase, lipopolysaccharide, polysaccharide capsule and a variety of OMPs. Immunity of cattle against respiratory pasteurellosis is poorly understood; however, high serum antibodies to OMPs appear to be important for enhancing resistance to the bacterium. Currently availableP. multocidavaccines for use in cattle are predominately traditional bacterins and a live streptomycin-dependent mutant. The field efficacy of these vaccines is not well documented in the literature.
Collapse
|
241
|
Jaglic Z, Jeklova E, Leva L, Kummer V, Kucerova Z, Faldyna M, Maskova J, Nedbalcova K, Alexa P. Experimental study of pathogenicity of Pasteurella multocida serogroup F in rabbits. Vet Microbiol 2008; 126:168-77. [PMID: 17629636 DOI: 10.1016/j.vetmic.2007.06.008] [Citation(s) in RCA: 19] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/29/2007] [Revised: 05/28/2007] [Accepted: 06/04/2007] [Indexed: 11/23/2022]
Abstract
The role of Pasteurella multocida serogroup F in inducing disease in rabbits was investigated in this study. Three groups of 12 Pasteurella-free rabbits each were intranasally (i.n.), subcutaneously (s.c.), and perorally (p.o.) challenged, respectively. Six rabbits of each group were immunosuppressed using dexamethasone. Eight rabbits (four of them immunosuppressed) inoculated i.n. showed symptoms of respiratory distress resulting in respiratory failure and died or were euthanized in the terminal stage of the disease 3-6 days post-infection (p.i.). The main pathological findings were fibrinopurulent pleuropneumonia (immunocompetent rabbits) or diffuse haemorrhagic pneumonia (immunosuppressed rabbits). Septicemic syndrome ending with shock occurred in 11 rabbits (6 of them immunosuppressed) inoculated s.c., which died or were euthanized in the terminal stage of the disease 2-3 days p.i. The most significant pathological findings were extensive cutaneous and subcutaneous lesions. All of the p.o. inoculated rabbits survived the challenge showing no clinical signs of the disease and no macroscopic lesions. The observations in this study indicate that in addition to serogroups A and D of P. multocida, serogroup F also can be highly pathogenic for rabbits and therefore might be a cause of considerable economic loss in commercial rabbit production.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Zoran Jaglic
- Veterinary Research Institute, Hudcova 70, 621 00 Brno, Czech Republic.
| | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | |
Collapse
|
242
|
Varga Z, Sellyei B, Magyar T. Phenotypic and genotypic characterisation of Pasteurella multocida strains isolated from pigs in Hungary. Acta Vet Hung 2007; 55:425-34. [PMID: 18277702 DOI: 10.1556/avet.55.2007.4.2] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/19/2022]
Abstract
A total of 146 Pasteurella multocida strains isolated from swine in Hungary in the last 20 years were examined. Biochemical characterisation and PCR-based techniques were used to determine species, subspecies, biovar, capsule type and presence of the toxA gene. Eighty-seven percent of the isolates belonged to P. multocida ssp. multocida, and 98% of these had biovar 3 or were trehalose- or lactose-fermenting or ornithine decarboxylase negative variants of that. Ten percent of the strains were P. multocida ssp. septica, and within this group 80% of the strains showed sorbitol-negative biovars (5, 6 and 7). The rest of the strains (20%) were lactose positive. Only 3% of the porcine isolates were P. multocida ssp. gallicida and 3 out of the 4 strains belonged to the dulcitol-fermenting biovar 8. Using a capsule-specific multiplex PCR, 60% of the strains belonged to capsule type D, 38% to capsule type A, and only 1 isolate had capsule type F. In contrast with data published in the literature, only 3% of capsule type D isolates carried the toxA gene, while this ratio was 41% for the type A strains. A remarkable regional distribution of toxA gene positive strains was observed. All but two isolates were found in swine herds located in the Transdanubian region, separated from other parts of Hungary by the river Danube.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Zsuzsanna Varga
- 1 Veterinary Medical Research Institute of the Hungarian Academy of Sciences H-1581 Budapest P.O. Box 18 Hungary
| | - Boglárka Sellyei
- 1 Veterinary Medical Research Institute of the Hungarian Academy of Sciences H-1581 Budapest P.O. Box 18 Hungary
| | - T. Magyar
- 1 Veterinary Medical Research Institute of the Hungarian Academy of Sciences H-1581 Budapest P.O. Box 18 Hungary
| |
Collapse
|
243
|
Dziva F, Muhairwa AP, Bisgaard M, Christensen H. Diagnostic and typing options for investigating diseases associated with Pasteurella multocida. Vet Microbiol 2007; 128:1-22. [PMID: 18061377 DOI: 10.1016/j.vetmic.2007.10.018] [Citation(s) in RCA: 51] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/02/2007] [Revised: 09/21/2007] [Accepted: 10/17/2007] [Indexed: 01/10/2023]
Abstract
Pasteurella multocida is responsible for major animal diseases of economic significance in both developed and developing countries whereas human infections related to this bacterium are infrequent. Significantly, development of a carrier status or latent infections plays a critical role in the epidemiology of these diseases. Aiming at increased knowledge of these infections, we examine potential diagnostic and selected typing systems for investigating diseases caused by P. multocida. Detection of P. multocida from clinical specimen by; (i) isolation and identification, (ii) polymerase chain reaction (PCR), iii) specific hybridisation probes, (iv) serological tests and (v) other alternative methods is critically evaluated. These detection systems provide a wide spectrum of options for rapid diagnosis and for detecting and understanding of latent infections in herd/flock health control programmes, though PCR methods for detecting P. multocida in clinical specimen appear increasingly preferred. For establishing the clonality of outbreak strains, we select to discuss macromolecular profiling, serotyping, biotyping, restriction enzyme analysis, ribotyping and multiplex PCR typing. Although P. multocida infections can be rapidly diagnosed with molecular and serological tests, isolation and accurate species identification are central to epidemiological tracing of outbreak strains. Our review brings together comprehensive and essential information that may be adapted for confirming diagnosis and determining the molecular epidemiology of diseases associated with P. multocida.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Francis Dziva
- Division of Microbiology, Institute for Animal Health, Compton, Newbury, Berkshire, UK.
| | | | | | | |
Collapse
|
244
|
DNA fingerprinting analysis of breakthrough outbreaks in vaccine-protected poultry stocks. CLINICAL AND VACCINE IMMUNOLOGY : CVI 2007; 14:1649-51. [PMID: 17928428 DOI: 10.1128/cvi.00159-07] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/20/2022]
Abstract
We report recurrent outbreaks of Yersinia pseudotuberculosis conjunctivitis in ducks and of fowl cholera in geese, occurring in stocks previously vaccinated with inactivated autogenous vaccines. Enterobacterial repetitive intergenic consensus sequence-based PCR and pulsed-field gel electrophoresis indicated reinfection with a new Y. pseudotuberculosis strain and vaccine evasion by the same Pasteurella multocida strain.
Collapse
|
245
|
An DJ, Roh IS, Song DS, Park CK, Park BK. Phylogenetic characterization of porcine circovirus type 2 in PMWS and PDNS Korean pigs between 1999 and 2006. Virus Res 2007; 129:115-22. [PMID: 17706315 DOI: 10.1016/j.virusres.2007.06.024] [Citation(s) in RCA: 63] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/02/2007] [Revised: 06/22/2007] [Accepted: 06/26/2007] [Indexed: 11/18/2022]
Abstract
Porcine circovirus type 2 (PCV2) has been associated with several disease outcomes in swine, primarily postweaning multisystemic wasting syndrome (PMWS) and porcine dermatitis nephropathy syndrome (PDNS). Over an 8-year period (1999-2006), we detected 36 PCV2 strains from PMWS and PDNS cases. Complete genes of the detected PCV2 strains were sequenced and analyzed. The sequences encoding a putative capsid protein, ORF2, of 233 PCV2 strains, isolated in Korea and throughout the world, could be divided into two groups (1 and 2) by phylogenetic tree analysis and multiple alignments of nucleotide sequences. Group 1 has the sequence CCCCG/TC and group 2 has the sequence AAAATC at nucleotides 262-267 of ORF2. Group 1 has PR/L and 2 has KI at amino-acid positions 88-89 of ORF2. Of the 233 PCV2 strains, 153 (65.7%) were placed in group 1 and 80 (34.4%) were in group 2 by phylogenetic characterization analysis using CLUSTER X 1.83, Puzzle 5.2, and PHYLIP 3.66 software package. Geographical analysis showed that PCV2 strains detected from the Netherlands, Thailand, and the United Kingdom were included in group 1. In contrast, PCV2 isolates from Japan, Canada, Spain, Taiwan, and South Africa belonged to group 2. Both groups were found in isolates from Korea, France, Hungary, Austria, Germany, Brazil, and the United States. Pathogenic analysis showed that PCV2 isolates from healthy pigs and from PDNS cases also fell into the two groups. PCV2 isolates from PMWS cases induced by PCV2 alone also fell into both groups.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Dong-Jun An
- National Veterinary Research and Quarantine Service, Anyang, Kyunggi-do 430-824, Republic of Korea
| | | | | | | | | |
Collapse
|
246
|
Wu JR, Shien JH, Shieh HK, Chen CF, Chang PC. Protective immunity conferred by recombinant Pasteurella multocida lipoprotein E (PlpE). Vaccine 2007; 25:4140-8. [PMID: 17449151 DOI: 10.1016/j.vaccine.2007.03.005] [Citation(s) in RCA: 43] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/01/2007] [Revised: 03/05/2007] [Accepted: 03/05/2007] [Indexed: 11/25/2022]
Abstract
The genes encoding Pasteurella multocida lipoprotein E (PlpE) and lipoprotein B (PlpB) were cloned from P. multocida strain X-73 (serotype A:1) and expressed in Escherichia coli. The protective immunity conferred by recombinant PlpE (r-PlpE) and PlpB (r-PlpB) on mice and chickens was evaluated. The results showed that mice immunized with 10microg of purified r-PlpE were protected (80-100% survival rate) against challenge infection with 10 or 20 LD(50) of P. multocida strains X-73 (serotype A:1), P-1059 (serotype A:3) and P-1662 (serotype A:4). In contrast, mice immunized with r-PlpB were not protected. Chickens immunized with 100microg of purified r-PlpE were protected (63-100% survival rate) against lethal challenge infection with strains X-73 and P-1662, whereas those immunized with r-PlpB were not. Sequence analyses showed that PlpE from different strains of P. multocida exhibited 90.8-100% sequence identity to each other, suggesting that PlpE might serve as a cross-protective antigen. This is the first report of a recombinant P. multocida antigen that confers cross protection on animals.
Collapse
MESH Headings
- Amino Acid Sequence
- Animals
- Apolipoproteins B/genetics
- Apolipoproteins B/immunology
- Apolipoproteins E/genetics
- Apolipoproteins E/immunology
- Bacterial Outer Membrane Proteins/genetics
- Bacterial Outer Membrane Proteins/immunology
- Bacterial Outer Membrane Proteins/isolation & purification
- Bacterial Vaccines/immunology
- Chickens
- Cloning, Molecular
- DNA, Bacterial/chemistry
- DNA, Bacterial/genetics
- Disease Models, Animal
- Escherichia coli/genetics
- Gene Expression
- Lipoproteins/genetics
- Lipoproteins/immunology
- Lipoproteins/isolation & purification
- Mice
- Mice, Inbred BALB C
- Molecular Sequence Data
- Pasteurella Infections/immunology
- Pasteurella Infections/prevention & control
- Pasteurella multocida/immunology
- Sequence Alignment
- Sequence Analysis, DNA
- Specific Pathogen-Free Organisms
- Survival Analysis
- Vaccines, Subunit/genetics
- Vaccines, Subunit/immunology
- Vaccines, Synthetic/genetics
- Vaccines, Synthetic/immunology
- Vaccines, Synthetic/isolation & purification
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Jin-Ru Wu
- Graduate Institute of Veterinary Microbiology, National Chung Hsing University, Taichung 402, Taiwan
| | | | | | | | | |
Collapse
|
247
|
Shivachandra SB, Kumar AA, Chaudhuri P. Differentiation of Avian Pasteurella multocida Strains by Single-Primer PCR. Vet Res Commun 2007; 31:941-9. [PMID: 17294263 DOI: 10.1007/s11259-007-0102-8] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Accepted: 03/23/2006] [Indexed: 10/23/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- S B Shivachandra
- Division of Bacteriology and Mycology, Indian Veterinary Research Institute, Izatnagar, 243122, UP, India.
| | | | | |
Collapse
|
248
|
Wu JR, Shien JH, Shieh HK, Hu CC, Gong SR, Chen LY, Chang PC. Cloning of the gene and characterization of the enzymatic properties of the monomeric alkaline phosphatase (PhoX) fromPasteurella multocidastrain X-73. FEMS Microbiol Lett 2007; 267:113-20. [PMID: 17156125 DOI: 10.1111/j.1574-6968.2006.00542.x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 51] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/29/2022] Open
Abstract
We have identified a new phoX gene encoding the monomeric alkaline phosphatase from Pasteurella multocida X-73. This gene was not found in the published genome sequence of Pasteurella multocida pm70. Characterization of the recombinant PhoX of Pasteurella multocida X-73 showed that it is a monomeric enzyme, activated by Ca(2+) and possibly secreted by the Tat pathway. These features distinguish phosphatases of the PhoX family from those of the PhoA family. All proteins of the PhoX family were found to contain a conserved motif that shares significant sequence homology with the calcium-binding site of a phosphotriesterase known as diisopropylfluorophosphatase. Site-directed mutagenesis revealed that D527 of PhoX might be the ligand bound to the catalytic calcium. This is the first report on identification of homologous sequences between PhoX and the phosphotriesterase and on the potential calcium-binding site of PhoX.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Jin-Ru Wu
- Graduate Institute of Veterinary Microbiology, National Chung Hsing University, Taichung, Taiwan
| | | | | | | | | | | | | |
Collapse
|
249
|
Abstract
Pasteurella multocida was first shown to be the causative agent of fowl cholera by Louis Pasteur in 1881. Since then, this Gram-negative bacterium has been identified as the causative agent of many other economically important diseases in a wide range of hosts. The mechanisms by which these bacteria can invade the mucosa, evade innate immunity and cause systemic disease are slowly being elucidated. Key virulence factors identified to date include capsule and lipopolysaccharide. The capsule is clearly involved in bacterial avoidance of phagocytosis and resistance to complement, while complete lipopolysaccharide is critical for bacterial survival in the host. A number of other virulence factors have been identified by both directed and random mutagenesis, including Pasteurella multocida toxin (PMT), putative surface adhesins and iron acquisition proteins. However, it is likely that many key virulence factors are yet to be identified, including those required for initial attachment and invasion of host cells and for persistence in a relatively nutrient poor and hostile environment.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Marina Harper
- Australian Research Council Centre of Excellence in Structural and Functional Microbial Genomics, Department of Microbiology, Monash University, Melbourne, Australia
| | | | | |
Collapse
|
250
|
Shivachandra SB, Kumar AA, Gautam R, Singh VP, Saxena MK, Srivastava SK. Identification of avian strains of Pasteurella multocida in India by conventional and PCR assays. Vet J 2006; 172:561-4. [PMID: 15994103 DOI: 10.1016/j.tvjl.2005.05.007] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/18/2022]
Abstract
The prevalence of capsular and somatic serotypes were studied among 123 Pasteurella multocida strains isolated from chickens (n=94), ducks (22), quails (4), turkeys (2) and geese (1) from different geographical regions of India. All strains exhibited similar cultural and morphological characteristics. Ninety-two of the isolates belonged to serotype A:1, the most prevalent serotype, with serotypes A:3, A:1,3, D:3 and F:3 having two isolates each. Only one isolate was positive for serotypes A:4 and D:1. Twenty isolates were untyped. A multiplex capsular PCR assay generated amplicons of sizes approximately 460, approximately 1044, approximately 657 and approximately 854 bp in 106 isolates identified as capsular serotype-A, 15 in serotype D and two in serotype F. Capsular types B and E were not detected in any of the avian isolates studied. The present findings suggest that a multiplex capsular PCR assay may be suitable for the rapid initial identification serotypes P. multocida during epidemiological studies of fowl cholera.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- S B Shivachandra
- Division of Bacteriology and Mycology, Indian Veterinary Research Institute, Izatnagar, UP, India.
| | | | | | | | | | | |
Collapse
|