201
|
Shimizu T, Fujii T, Sakai H. The Relationship Between Actin Cytoskeleton and Membrane Transporters in Cisplatin Resistance of Cancer Cells. Front Cell Dev Biol 2020; 8:597835. [PMID: 33195280 PMCID: PMC7655133 DOI: 10.3389/fcell.2020.597835] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/22/2020] [Accepted: 10/05/2020] [Indexed: 12/13/2022] Open
Abstract
Cisplatin [cis-diamminedichloroplatinum (II)] is a platinum-based anticancer drug widely used for the treatment of various cancers. It forms interstrand and intrastrand cross-linking with DNA and block DNA replication, resulting in apoptosis. On the other hand, intrinsic and acquired cisplatin resistance restricts its therapeutic effects. Although some studies suggest that dramatic epigenetic alternations are involved in the resistance triggered by cisplatin, the mechanism is complicated and remains poorly understood. Recent studies reported that cytoskeletal structures regulate cisplatin sensitivity and that activities of membrane transporters contribute to the development of resistance to cisplatin. Therefore, we focus on the roles of actin filaments and membrane transporters in cisplatin-induced apoptosis. In this review, we summarize the relationship between actin cytoskeleton and membrane transporters in the cisplatin resistance of cancer cells.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Takahiro Shimizu
- Department of Pharmaceutical Physiology, Faculty of Pharmaceutical Sciences, University of Toyama, Toyama, Japan
| | - Takuto Fujii
- Department of Pharmaceutical Physiology, Faculty of Pharmaceutical Sciences, University of Toyama, Toyama, Japan
| | - Hideki Sakai
- Department of Pharmaceutical Physiology, Faculty of Pharmaceutical Sciences, University of Toyama, Toyama, Japan
| |
Collapse
|
202
|
Regulation of Nrf2/ARE Pathway by Dietary Flavonoids: A Friend or Foe for Cancer Management? Antioxidants (Basel) 2020; 9:antiox9100973. [PMID: 33050575 PMCID: PMC7600646 DOI: 10.3390/antiox9100973] [Citation(s) in RCA: 77] [Impact Index Per Article: 19.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/09/2020] [Revised: 10/04/2020] [Accepted: 10/07/2020] [Indexed: 12/25/2022] Open
Abstract
The nuclear factor erythroid 2-related factor 2 (Nrf2)/antioxidant response element (ARE) pathway is an important cell signaling mechanism in maintaining redox homeostasis in humans. The role of dietary flavonoids in activating Nrf2/ARE in relation to cancer chemoprevention or cancer promotion is not well established. Here we summarize the dual effects of flavonoids in cancer chemoprevention and cancer promotion with respect to the regulation of the Nrf2/ARE pathway, while underlying the possible cellular mechanisms. Luteolin, apigenin, quercetin, myricetin, rutin, naringenin, epicatechin, and genistein activate the Nrf2/ARE pathway in both normal and cancer cells. The hormetic effect of flavonoids has been observed due to their antioxidant or prooxidant activity, depending on the concentrations. Reported in vitro and in vivo investigations suggest that the activation of the Nrf2/ARE pathway by either endogenous or exogenous stimuli under normal physiological conditions contributes to redox homeostasis, which may provide a mechanism for cancer chemoprevention. However, some flavonoids, such as luteolin, apigenin, myricetin, quercetin, naringenin, epicatechin, genistein, and daidzein, at low concentrations (1.5 to 20 µM) facilitate cancer cell growth and proliferation in vitro. Paradoxically, some flavonoids, including luteolin, apigenin, and chrysin, inhibit the Nrf2/ARE pathway in vitro. Therefore, even though flavonoids play a major role in cancer chemoprevention, due to their possible inducement of cancer cell growth, the effects of dietary flavonoids on cancer pathophysiology in patients or appropriate experimental animal models should be investigated systematically.
Collapse
|
203
|
Caffeic acid phenethyl ester counteracts doxorubicin-induced chemobrain in Sprague-Dawley rats: Emphasis on the modulation of oxidative stress and neuroinflammation. Neuropharmacology 2020; 181:108334. [PMID: 33011199 DOI: 10.1016/j.neuropharm.2020.108334] [Citation(s) in RCA: 32] [Impact Index Per Article: 8.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/20/2020] [Revised: 09/12/2020] [Accepted: 09/22/2020] [Indexed: 12/14/2022]
Abstract
Chemotherapy-induced cognitive dysfunction (chemobrain) is one of the major complaints for cancer patients treated with chemotherapy such as Doxorubicin (DOX). The induction of oxidative stress and neuroinflammation were identified as major contributors to such adverse effect. Caffeic acid phenethyl ester (CAPE) is a natural polyphenolic compound, that exhibits unique context-dependent antioxidant activity. It exhibits pro-oxidant effects in cancer cells, while it is a potent antioxidant and cytoprotective in normal cells. The present study was designed to investigate the potential neuroprotective effects of CAPE against DOX-induced cognitive impairment. Chemobrain was induced in Sprague Dawley rats via systemic DOX administration once per week for 4 weeks (2 mg/kg/week, i.p.). CAPE was administered at 10 or 20 μmol/kg/day, i.p., 5 days per week for 4 weeks. Morris water maze (MWM) and passive avoidance tests were used to assess learning and memory functions. Oxidative stress was evaluated via the colorimetric determination of GSH and MDA levels in both hippocampal and prefrontal cortex brain regions. However, inflammatory markers, acetylcholine levels, and neuronal cell apoptosis were assessed in the same brain areas using immunoassays including either ELISA, western blotting or immunohistochemistry. DOX produced significant impairment in learning and memory as indicated by the data generated from MWM and step-through passive avoidance tests. Additionally DOX-triggered oxidative stress as evidenced from the reduction in GSH levels and increased lipid peroxidation. Treatment with DOX resulted in neuroinflammation as indicated by the increase in NF-kB (p65) nuclear translocation in addition to boosting the levels of pro-inflammatory mediators (COX-II/TNF-α) along with the increased levels of glial fibrillary acid protein (GFAP) in the tested tissues. Moreover, DOX reduced acetylcholine levels and augmented neuronal cell apoptosis as supported by the increased active caspase-3 levels. Co-treatment with CAPE significantly counteracted DOX-induced behavioral and molecular abnormalities in rat brain tissues. Our results provide the first preclinical evidence for CAPE promising neuroprotective activity against DOX-induced neurodegeneration and memory deficits.
Collapse
|
204
|
Reverse transcriptase inhibition potentiates target therapy in BRAF-mutant melanomas: effects on cell proliferation, apoptosis, DNA-damage, ROS induction and mitochondrial membrane depolarization. Cell Commun Signal 2020; 18:150. [PMID: 32933538 PMCID: PMC7493390 DOI: 10.1186/s12964-020-00633-7] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/28/2020] [Accepted: 07/23/2020] [Indexed: 12/31/2022] Open
Abstract
Abstract Target therapies based on BRAF and MEK inhibitors (MAPKi) have changed the therapeutic landscape for metastatic melanoma patients bearing mutations in the BRAF kinase. However, the emergence of drug resistance imposes the necessity to conceive novel therapeutic strategies capable to achieve a more durable disease control. In the last years, retrotransposons laying in human genome have been shown to undergo activation during tumorigenesis, where they contribute to genomic instability. Their activation can be efficiently controlled with reverse transcriptase inhibitors (RTIs) frequently used in the treatment of AIDS. These drugs have demonstrated anti-proliferative effects in several cancer models, including also metastatic melanoma. However, to our knowledge no previous study investigated the capability of RTIs to mitigate drug resistance to target therapy in BRAF-mutant melanomas. In this short report we show that the non-nucleoside RTI, SPV122 in combination with MAPKi strongly inhibits BRAF-mutant melanoma cell growth, induces apoptosis, and delays the emergence of resistance to target therapy in vitro. Mechanistically, this combination strongly induces DNA double-strand breaks, mitochondrial membrane depolarization and increased ROS levels. Our results shed further light on the molecular activity of RTI in melanoma and pave the way to their use as a novel therapeutic option to improve the efficacy of target therapy. Video Abstract
Graphical abstract ![]()
Collapse
|
205
|
Chae HS, Gil M, Saha SK, Kwak HJ, Park HW, Vellingiri B, Cho SG. Sestrin2 Expression Has Regulatory Properties and Prognostic Value in Lung Cancer. J Pers Med 2020; 10:jpm10030109. [PMID: 32882793 PMCID: PMC7565522 DOI: 10.3390/jpm10030109] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/25/2020] [Revised: 08/23/2020] [Accepted: 08/27/2020] [Indexed: 12/14/2022] Open
Abstract
Lung cancer remains the most dangerous type of cancer despite recent progress in therapeutic modalities. Development of prognostic markers and therapeutic targets is necessary to enhance lung cancer patient survival. Sestrin family genes (Sestrin1, Sestrin2, and Sestrin3) are involved in protecting cells from stress. In particular, Sestrin2, which mainly protects cells from oxidative stress and acts as a leucine sensor protein in mammalian target of rapamycin (mTOR) signaling, is thought to affect various cancers in different ways. To investigate the role of Sestrin2 expression in lung cancer cells, we knocked down Sestrin2 in A549, a non-small cell lung cancer cell line; this resulted in reduced cell proliferation, migration, sphere formation, and drug resistance, suggesting that Sestrin2 is closely related to lung cancer progression. We analyzed Sestrin2 expression in human tissue using various bioinformatic databases and confirmed higher expression of Sestrin2 in lung cancer cells than in normal lung cells using Oncomine and the Human Protein Atlas. Moreover, analyses using Prognoscan and KMplotter showed that Sestrin2 expression is negatively correlated with the survival of lung cancer patients in multiple datasets. Co-expressed gene analysis revealed Sestrin2-regulated genes and possible associated pathways. Overall, these data suggest that Sestrin2 expression has prognostic value and that it is a possible therapeutic target in lung cancer.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Hee Sung Chae
- Department of Stem Cell and Regenerative Biotechnology, Incurable Disease Animal Model & Stem Cell Institute (IDASI), Konkuk University, 120 Neungdong-ro, Gwangjin-gu, Seoul 05029, Korea; (H.S.C.); (M.G.); (S.K.S.); (H.J.K.)
| | - Minchan Gil
- Department of Stem Cell and Regenerative Biotechnology, Incurable Disease Animal Model & Stem Cell Institute (IDASI), Konkuk University, 120 Neungdong-ro, Gwangjin-gu, Seoul 05029, Korea; (H.S.C.); (M.G.); (S.K.S.); (H.J.K.)
| | - Subbroto Kumar Saha
- Department of Stem Cell and Regenerative Biotechnology, Incurable Disease Animal Model & Stem Cell Institute (IDASI), Konkuk University, 120 Neungdong-ro, Gwangjin-gu, Seoul 05029, Korea; (H.S.C.); (M.G.); (S.K.S.); (H.J.K.)
| | - Hee Jeung Kwak
- Department of Stem Cell and Regenerative Biotechnology, Incurable Disease Animal Model & Stem Cell Institute (IDASI), Konkuk University, 120 Neungdong-ro, Gwangjin-gu, Seoul 05029, Korea; (H.S.C.); (M.G.); (S.K.S.); (H.J.K.)
| | - Hwan-Woo Park
- Department of Cell Biology, Konyang University College of Medicine, Daejeon 35365, Korea;
| | - Balachandar Vellingiri
- Human Molecular Cytogenetics and Stem Cell Laboratory, Department of Human Genetics and Molecular Biology, Bharathiar University, Coimbatore 641-046, India;
| | - Ssang-Goo Cho
- Department of Stem Cell and Regenerative Biotechnology, Incurable Disease Animal Model & Stem Cell Institute (IDASI), Konkuk University, 120 Neungdong-ro, Gwangjin-gu, Seoul 05029, Korea; (H.S.C.); (M.G.); (S.K.S.); (H.J.K.)
- Correspondence: ; Tel.: +82-2-450-4207; Fax: +82-2-444-4207
| |
Collapse
|
206
|
Ciccarone F, De Falco P, Ciriolo MR. Aconitase 2 sensitizes MCF-7 cells to cisplatin eliciting p53-mediated apoptosis in a ROS-dependent manner. Biochem Pharmacol 2020; 180:114202. [PMID: 32818504 DOI: 10.1016/j.bcp.2020.114202] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/13/2020] [Revised: 08/14/2020] [Accepted: 08/14/2020] [Indexed: 12/15/2022]
Abstract
Aconitase 2 (ACO2) belongs to the tricarboxylic acid (TCA) cycle, which represents a key metabolic hub for cellular metabolism that is frequently altered in cancer for satisfying bioenergetic and biosynthetic requirements of proliferating cells. The promotion of ACO2 activity in breast cancer cell lines was shown to slow down proliferation imposing a switch from aerobic glycolysis to oxidative metabolism. The alteration of metabolic pathways in cancer also impinges on the sensitivity to chemotherapeutic interventions. In this work, we evidence that the presence of ACO2 sensitizes cells to the treatment with the genotoxic agents cisplatin (CDDP) and doxorubicin activating the apoptotic cell death mechanism. This response was driven by the accumulation of reactive oxygen species (ROS) following both ACO2 overexpression and CDDP exposure that permit the stabilization/activation of p53 in nuclear and mitochondrial compartments. Collectively, our results highlight that in ACO2 overexpressing cells the promotion of mitochondrial metabolism accounts for increased ROS production that was buffered by p53 mitochondrial recruitment and autophagy induction. However, these systems are not able to counteract the CDDP-mediated oxidative stress that becomes the Achilles heel for increasing susceptibility to apoptotic cell death.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Fabio Ciccarone
- Department of Biology, University of Rome "Tor Vergata", Rome, Italy
| | - Pamela De Falco
- Department of Biology, University of Rome "Tor Vergata", Rome, Italy
| | - Maria Rosa Ciriolo
- Department of Biology, University of Rome "Tor Vergata", Rome, Italy; IRCCS San Raffaele Pisana, Rome, Italy.
| |
Collapse
|
207
|
Metabolic Reprogramming of Chemoresistant Cancer Cells and the Potential Significance of Metabolic Regulation in the Reversal of Cancer Chemoresistance. Metabolites 2020; 10:metabo10070289. [PMID: 32708822 PMCID: PMC7408410 DOI: 10.3390/metabo10070289] [Citation(s) in RCA: 73] [Impact Index Per Article: 18.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/14/2020] [Revised: 06/15/2020] [Accepted: 07/04/2020] [Indexed: 02/07/2023] Open
Abstract
Metabolic reprogramming is one of the hallmarks of tumors. Alterations of cellular metabolism not only contribute to tumor development, but also mediate the resistance of tumor cells to antitumor drugs. The metabolic response of tumor cells to various chemotherapy drugs can be analyzed by metabolomics. Although cancer cells have experienced metabolic reprogramming, the metabolism of drug resistant cancer cells has been further modified. Metabolic adaptations of drug resistant cells to chemotherapeutics involve redox, lipid metabolism, bioenergetics, glycolysis, polyamine synthesis and so on. The proposed metabolic mechanisms of drug resistance include the increase of glucose and glutamine demand, active pathways of glutaminolysis and glycolysis, promotion of NADPH from the pentose phosphate pathway, adaptive mitochondrial reprogramming, activation of fatty acid oxidation, and up-regulation of ornithine decarboxylase for polyamine production. Several genes are associated with metabolic reprogramming and drug resistance. Intervening regulatory points described above or targeting key genes in several important metabolic pathways may restore cell sensitivity to chemotherapy. This paper reviews the metabolic changes of tumor cells during the development of chemoresistance and discusses the potential of reversing chemoresistance by metabolic regulation.
Collapse
|
208
|
Lee JJ, Beak S, Ahn SH, Moon BS, Kim J, Lee KP. Suppressing breast cancer by exercise: consideration to animal models and exercise protocols. Phys Act Nutr 2020; 24:22-29. [PMID: 32698258 PMCID: PMC7451835 DOI: 10.20463/pan.2020.0011] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/17/2020] [Revised: 06/23/2020] [Accepted: 06/23/2020] [Indexed: 12/24/2022] Open
Abstract
PURPOSE Exercise is thought to have a significant effect on chemotherapy, and previous studies have reported that exercise can increase patient survival. Thus, in this review, we aimed to summarize various animal models to analyze the effects of exercise on breast cancer. METHODS We summarized types of breast cancer animal models from various reports and analyzed the effects of exercise on anti-cancer factors in breast cancer animal models. RESULTS This review aimed to systematically investigate if exercise could aid in suppressing breast cancer. Our study includes (a) increase in survival rate through exercise; (b) the intensity of exercise should be consistent and increased; (c) a mechanism for inhibiting carcinogenesis through exercise; (d) effects of exercise on anti-cancer function. CONCLUSION This review suggested the necessity of a variety of animal models for preclinical studies prior to breast cancer clinical trials. It also provides evidence to support the view that exercise plays an important role in the prevention or treatment of breast cancer by influencing anticancer factors.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Jea Jun Lee
- Laboratory Animal Center, Osong Medical Innovation Foundation, CheongjuRepublic of Korea
| | - Suji Beak
- Research and Development Center, UMUST R&D Corporation, SeoulRepublic of Korea
| | - Sang Hyun Ahn
- Department of Anatomy, Semyung University, JecheonRepublic of Korea
| | - Byung Seok Moon
- Department of Nuclear Medicine, Ewha Womans University College of Medicine, SeoulRepublic of Korea
| | - Jisu Kim
- Physical Activity and Performance Institute, Konkuk University, SeoulRepublic of Korea
| | - Kang Pa Lee
- Research and Development Center, UMUST R&D Corporation, SeoulRepublic of Korea
| |
Collapse
|
209
|
Argenziano M, Foglietta F, Canaparo R, Spagnolo R, Della Pepa C, Caldera F, Trotta F, Serpe L, Cavalli R. Biological Effect Evaluation of Glutathione-Responsive Cyclodextrin-Based Nanosponges: 2D and 3D Studies. Molecules 2020; 25:molecules25122775. [PMID: 32560204 PMCID: PMC7355809 DOI: 10.3390/molecules25122775] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/29/2020] [Accepted: 06/13/2020] [Indexed: 02/07/2023] Open
Abstract
This study aims to evaluate the bioeffects of glutathione-responsive β-cyclodextrin-based nanosponges (GSH-NSs) on two- (2D) and three-dimensional (3D) cell cultures. The bioeffects of two types of GSH-NS formulations, with low (GSH-NS B) and high (GSH-NS D) disulfide-bond content, were evaluated on 2D colorectal (HCT116 and HT-29) and prostatic (DU-145 and PC3) cancer cell cultures. In particular, the cellular uptake of GSH-NS was evaluated, as their effects on cell growth, mitochondrial activity, membrane integrity, cell cycle distribution, mRNA expression, and reactive oxygen species production. The effect of GSH-NSs on cell growth was also evaluated on multicellular spheroids (MCS) and a comparison of the GSH-NS cell growth inhibitory activity, in terms of inhibition concentration (IC)50 values, was performed between 2D and 3D cell cultures. A significant decrease in 2D cell growth was observed at high GSH-NS concentrations, with the formulation with a low disulfide-bond content, GSH-NS B, being more cytotoxic than the formulation with a high disulfide-bond content, GSH-NS D. The cell growth decrease induced by GSH-NS was owing to G1 cell cycle arrest. Moreover, a significant down-regulation of mRNA expression of the cyclin genes CDK1, CDK2, and CDK4 and up-regulation of mRNA expression of the cyclin inhibitor genes CDKN1A and CDKN2A were observed. On the other hand, a significant decrease in MCS growth was also observed at high GSH-NS concentrations, but not influenced by the nanosponge disulfide-bond content, with the MCS IC50 values being significantly higher than those obtained on 2D cell cultures. GSH-NSs are suitable nanocarries as they provoke limited cellular effects, as cell cycle arrest only occurred at concentrations significantly higher than those used for drug delivery.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Monica Argenziano
- Department of Drug Science and Technology, University of Torino, Via Pietro Giuria 9, 10125 Torino, Italy; (M.A.); (F.F.); (R.C.); (R.S.); (C.D.P.); (L.S.)
| | - Federica Foglietta
- Department of Drug Science and Technology, University of Torino, Via Pietro Giuria 9, 10125 Torino, Italy; (M.A.); (F.F.); (R.C.); (R.S.); (C.D.P.); (L.S.)
| | - Roberto Canaparo
- Department of Drug Science and Technology, University of Torino, Via Pietro Giuria 9, 10125 Torino, Italy; (M.A.); (F.F.); (R.C.); (R.S.); (C.D.P.); (L.S.)
| | - Rita Spagnolo
- Department of Drug Science and Technology, University of Torino, Via Pietro Giuria 9, 10125 Torino, Italy; (M.A.); (F.F.); (R.C.); (R.S.); (C.D.P.); (L.S.)
| | - Carlo Della Pepa
- Department of Drug Science and Technology, University of Torino, Via Pietro Giuria 9, 10125 Torino, Italy; (M.A.); (F.F.); (R.C.); (R.S.); (C.D.P.); (L.S.)
| | - Fabrizio Caldera
- Department of Chemistry, University of Torino, Via Pietro Giuria 7, 10125 Torino, Italy; (F.C.); (F.T.)
| | - Francesco Trotta
- Department of Chemistry, University of Torino, Via Pietro Giuria 7, 10125 Torino, Italy; (F.C.); (F.T.)
| | - Loredana Serpe
- Department of Drug Science and Technology, University of Torino, Via Pietro Giuria 9, 10125 Torino, Italy; (M.A.); (F.F.); (R.C.); (R.S.); (C.D.P.); (L.S.)
| | - Roberta Cavalli
- Department of Drug Science and Technology, University of Torino, Via Pietro Giuria 9, 10125 Torino, Italy; (M.A.); (F.F.); (R.C.); (R.S.); (C.D.P.); (L.S.)
- Correspondence: ; Tel.: +39-011-670-7190; Fax: +39-011-670-7162
| |
Collapse
|
210
|
Bajor M, Graczyk-Jarzynka A, Marhelava K, Kurkowiak M, Rahman A, Aura C, Russell N, Zych AO, Firczuk M, Winiarska M, Gallagher WM, Zagozdzon R. Triple Combination of Ascorbate, Menadione and the Inhibition of Peroxiredoxin-1 Produces Synergistic Cytotoxic Effects in Triple-Negative Breast Cancer Cells. Antioxidants (Basel) 2020; 9:antiox9040320. [PMID: 32316111 PMCID: PMC7222372 DOI: 10.3390/antiox9040320] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/28/2020] [Revised: 04/10/2020] [Accepted: 04/14/2020] [Indexed: 02/07/2023] Open
Abstract
Triple-negative breast cancer (TNBC) is an aggressive form of mammary malignancy currently without satisfactory systemic treatment options. Agents generating reactive oxygen species (ROS), such as ascorbate (Asc) and menadione (Men), especially applied in combination, have been proposed as an alternative anticancer modality. However, their effectiveness can be hampered by the cytoprotective effects of elevated antioxidant enzymes (e.g., peroxiredoxins, PRDX) in cancer. In this study, PRDX1 mRNA and protein expression were assessed in TNBC tissues by analysis of the online RNA-seq datasets and immunohistochemical staining of tissue microarray, respectively. We demonstrated that PRDX1 mRNA expression was markedly elevated in primary TNBC tumors as compared to non-malignant controls, with PRDX1 protein staining intensity correlating with favorable survival parameters. Subsequently, PRDX1 functionality in TNBC cell lines or non-malignant mammary cells was targeted by genetic silencing or chemically by auranofin (AUR). The PRDX1-knockdown or AUR treatment resulted in inhibition of the growth of TNBC cells in vitro. These cytotoxic effects were further synergistically potentiated by the incubation with a combination of the prooxidant agents, Asc and Men. In conclusion, we report that the PRDX1-related antioxidant system is essential for maintaining redox homeostasis in TNBC cells and can be an attractive therapeutic target in combination with ROS-generating agents.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Malgorzata Bajor
- Department of Clinical Immunology, Medical University of Warsaw, Nowogrodzka 59, 02-006 Warsaw, Poland; (M.B.); (K.M.)
| | - Agnieszka Graczyk-Jarzynka
- Department of Immunology, Medical University of Warsaw, Nielubowicza 5, 02-097 Warsaw, Poland; (A.G.-J.); (A.O.Z.); (M.F.); (M.W.)
| | - Katsiaryna Marhelava
- Department of Clinical Immunology, Medical University of Warsaw, Nowogrodzka 59, 02-006 Warsaw, Poland; (M.B.); (K.M.)
- Postgraduate School of Molecular Medicine, Medical University of Warsaw, Trojdena 2a, 02-091 Warsaw, Poland
| | - Malgorzata Kurkowiak
- International Centre for Cancer Vaccine Science, University of Gdansk, Wita Stwosza 63, 80-308 Gdansk, Poland;
| | - Arman Rahman
- Cancer Biology and Therapeutics Laboratory, UCD School of Biomolecular and Biomedical Science, UCD Conway Institute, University College Dublin, D04 Dublin 4, Ireland; (A.R.); (C.A.); (N.R.); (W.M.G.)
| | - Claudia Aura
- Cancer Biology and Therapeutics Laboratory, UCD School of Biomolecular and Biomedical Science, UCD Conway Institute, University College Dublin, D04 Dublin 4, Ireland; (A.R.); (C.A.); (N.R.); (W.M.G.)
| | - Niamh Russell
- Cancer Biology and Therapeutics Laboratory, UCD School of Biomolecular and Biomedical Science, UCD Conway Institute, University College Dublin, D04 Dublin 4, Ireland; (A.R.); (C.A.); (N.R.); (W.M.G.)
| | - Agata O. Zych
- Department of Immunology, Medical University of Warsaw, Nielubowicza 5, 02-097 Warsaw, Poland; (A.G.-J.); (A.O.Z.); (M.F.); (M.W.)
| | - Malgorzata Firczuk
- Department of Immunology, Medical University of Warsaw, Nielubowicza 5, 02-097 Warsaw, Poland; (A.G.-J.); (A.O.Z.); (M.F.); (M.W.)
| | - Magdalena Winiarska
- Department of Immunology, Medical University of Warsaw, Nielubowicza 5, 02-097 Warsaw, Poland; (A.G.-J.); (A.O.Z.); (M.F.); (M.W.)
| | - William M. Gallagher
- Cancer Biology and Therapeutics Laboratory, UCD School of Biomolecular and Biomedical Science, UCD Conway Institute, University College Dublin, D04 Dublin 4, Ireland; (A.R.); (C.A.); (N.R.); (W.M.G.)
- OncoMark Ltd., Nova UCD, D04 Dublin 4, Ireland
| | - Radoslaw Zagozdzon
- Department of Clinical Immunology, Medical University of Warsaw, Nowogrodzka 59, 02-006 Warsaw, Poland; (M.B.); (K.M.)
- Department of Immunology, Transplantology, and Internal Diseases, Medical University of Warsaw, Nowogrodzka 59, 02-006 Warsaw, Poland
- Correspondence:
| |
Collapse
|
211
|
Čipak Gašparović A. Free Radical Research in Cancer. Antioxidants (Basel) 2020; 9:antiox9020157. [PMID: 32075241 PMCID: PMC7070415 DOI: 10.3390/antiox9020157] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/07/2020] [Accepted: 02/12/2020] [Indexed: 12/21/2022] Open
Abstract
It can be challenging to find efficient therapy for cancer due to its biological diversity [...].
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Ana Čipak Gašparović
- Division of Molecular Medicine, Ruđer Bošković Institute, HR-10000 Zagreb, Croatia
| |
Collapse
|
212
|
Alvarado-Ortiz E, de la Cruz-López KG, Becerril-Rico J, Sarabia-Sánchez MA, Ortiz-Sánchez E, García-Carrancá A. Mutant p53 Gain-of-Function: Role in Cancer Development, Progression, and Therapeutic Approaches. Front Cell Dev Biol 2020; 8:607670. [PMID: 33644030 PMCID: PMC7905058 DOI: 10.3389/fcell.2020.607670] [Citation(s) in RCA: 59] [Impact Index Per Article: 14.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/17/2020] [Accepted: 12/23/2020] [Indexed: 02/05/2023] Open
Abstract
Frequent p53 mutations (mutp53) not only abolish tumor suppressor capacities but confer various gain-of-function (GOF) activities that impacts molecules and pathways now regarded as central for tumor development and progression. Although the complete impact of GOF is still far from being fully understood, the effects on proliferation, migration, metabolic reprogramming, and immune evasion, among others, certainly constitute major driving forces for human tumors harboring them. In this review we discuss major molecular mechanisms driven by mutp53 GOF. We present novel mechanistic insights on their effects over key functional molecules and processes involved in cancer. We analyze new mechanistic insights impacting processes such as immune system evasion, metabolic reprogramming, and stemness. In particular, the increased lipogenic activity through the mevalonate pathway (MVA) and the alteration of metabolic homeostasis due to interactions between mutp53 and AMP-activated protein kinase (AMPK) and Sterol regulatory element-binding protein 1 (SREBP1) that impact anabolic pathways and favor metabolic reprograming. We address, in detail, the impact of mutp53 over metabolic reprogramming and the Warburg effect observed in cancer cells as a consequence, not only of loss-of-function of p53, but rather as an effect of GOF that is crucial for the imbalance between glycolysis and oxidative phosphorylation. Additionally, transcriptional activation of new targets, resulting from interaction of mutp53 with NF-kB, HIF-1α, or SREBP1, are presented and discussed. Finally, we discuss perspectives for targeting molecules and pathways involved in chemo-resistance of tumor cells resulting from mutp53 GOF. We discuss and stress the fact that the status of p53 currently constitutes one of the most relevant criteria to understand the role of autophagy as a survival mechanism in cancer, and propose new therapeutic approaches that could promote the reduction of GOF effects exercised by mutp53 in cancer.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Eduardo Alvarado-Ortiz
- Programa de Posgrado en Ciencias Biológicas, Universidad Nacional Autónoma de México, Mexico City, Mexico
- Subdirección de Investigación Básica, Instituto Nacional de Cancerología, Secretaría de Salud, Mexico City, Mexico
| | - Karen Griselda de la Cruz-López
- Subdirección de Investigación Básica, Instituto Nacional de Cancerología, Secretaría de Salud, Mexico City, Mexico
- Doctorado en Ciencias Biomédicas, Instituto de Investigaciones Biomédicas, Universidad Nacional Autónoma de México, Mexico City, Mexico
| | - Jared Becerril-Rico
- Subdirección de Investigación Básica, Instituto Nacional de Cancerología, Secretaría de Salud, Mexico City, Mexico
| | - Miguel Angel Sarabia-Sánchez
- Programa de Posgrado en Ciencias Bioquímicas, Departamento de Bioquímica, Facultad de Medicina, Universidad Nacional Autónoma de México, Mexico City, Mexico
| | - Elizabeth Ortiz-Sánchez
- Subdirección de Investigación Básica, Instituto Nacional de Cancerología, Secretaría de Salud, Mexico City, Mexico
| | - Alejandro García-Carrancá
- Laboratorio de Virus and Cáncer, Unidad de Investigación Biomédica en Cáncer, Instituto de Investigaciones Biomédicas, Universidad Nacional Autónoma de México and Instituto Nacional de Cancerología, Secretaría de Salud, Mexico City, Mexico
- *Correspondence: Alejandro García-Carrancá
| |
Collapse
|