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Feng X, Yu F, Wei M, Luo Y, Zhao T, Liu Z, Huang Q, Tu R, Li J, Zhang B, Cheng L, Xia J. The association between neutrophil counts and neutrophil-to-lymphocyte ratio and stress hyperglycemia in patients with acute ischemic stroke according to stroke etiology. Front Endocrinol (Lausanne) 2023; 14:1117408. [PMID: 37008926 PMCID: PMC10060840 DOI: 10.3389/fendo.2023.1117408] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/06/2022] [Accepted: 03/01/2023] [Indexed: 03/18/2023] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND AND PURPOSE Stress hyperglycemia ratio (SHR), which is used to assess stress hyperglycemia, is associated with the functional outcome of ischemic stroke (IS). IS can induce the inflammatory response. Neutrophil counts and neutrophil-to-lymphocyte ratio (NLR) as good and easily available inflammatory biomarkers, the relationship between neutrophil counts and NLR and SHR were poorly explored in IS. We aimed to systemically and comprehensively explore the correlation between various blood inflammation markers (mainly neutrophil counts and NLR) and SHR. METHODS Data from 487 patients with acute IS(AIS) in Xiangya Hospital were retrospectively reviewed. High/low SHR groups according to the median of SHR (≤1.02 versus >1.02). Binary logistic regression analysis was used to evaluate the correlation between neutrophil counts and NLR and high SHR group. Subgroup analyses were performed in the TOAST classification and functional prognosis. RESULTS The neutrophil counts and NLR were all clearly associated with SHR levels in different logistic analysis models. In the subgroup analysis of TOAST classification, the higher neutrophil counts and NLR were the independent risk factors for high SHR patients with large-artery atherosclerosis (LAA) (neutrophil: adjusted OR:2.047, 95% CI: 1.355-3.093, P=0.001; NLR: adjusted OR:1.315, 95% CI: 1.129-1.530, P<0.001). The higher neutrophil counts were the independent risk factor for high SHR patients with cardioembolism (CE) (adjusted OR:2.413, 95% CI: 1.081-5.383, P=0.031). ROC analysis showed that neutrophil counts was helpful for differentiating high SHR group with CE and low SHR group with CE (neutrophil: AUC =0.776, P=0.002). However, there were no difference in levels of neutrophil counts and NLR between patients with SVO and without SVO. The higher neutrophil counts and NLR independently associated with high SHR patients with mRS ≤2 at 90 days from symptom onset, (neutrophil: adjusted OR:2.284, 95% CI: 1.525-3.420, P<0.001; NLR: adjusted OR:1.377, 95% CI: 1.164-1.629, P<0.001), but not in patients with mRS >2. CONCLUSIONS This study found that the neutrophil counts and NLR are positively associated with SHR levels in AIS patients. In addition, the correlation between neutrophil counts and NLR and different SHR levels are diverse according to TOAST classification and functional prognosis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xianjing Feng
- Department of Neurology, Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, Changsha, Hunan, China
| | - Fang Yu
- Department of Neurology, Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, Changsha, Hunan, China
| | - Minping Wei
- Department of Neurology, Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, Changsha, Hunan, China
| | - Yunfang Luo
- Department of Neurology, Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, Changsha, Hunan, China
| | - Tingting Zhao
- Department of Neurology, Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, Changsha, Hunan, China
| | - Zeyu Liu
- Department of Neurology, Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, Changsha, Hunan, China
| | - Qin Huang
- Department of Neurology, Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, Changsha, Hunan, China
| | - Ruxin Tu
- Department of Neurology, Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, Changsha, Hunan, China
| | - Jiaxin Li
- Department of Neurology, Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, Changsha, Hunan, China
| | - Boxin Zhang
- Department of Neurology, Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, Changsha, Hunan, China
| | - Liuyang Cheng
- Department of Neurology, Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, Changsha, Hunan, China
| | - Jian Xia
- Department of Neurology, Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, Changsha, Hunan, China
- Clinical Research Center for Cerebrovascular Disease of Hunan Province, Central South University, Changsha, Hunan, China
- National Clinical Research Center for Geriatric Disorders, Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, Changsha, Hunan, China
- *Correspondence: Jian Xia,
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202
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Lu Y, Wiltshire HD, Baker JS, Wang Q, Ying S. The effect of Tabata-style functional high-intensity interval training on cardiometabolic health and physical activity in female university students. Front Physiol 2023; 14:1095315. [PMID: 36923290 PMCID: PMC10008870 DOI: 10.3389/fphys.2023.1095315] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/11/2022] [Accepted: 02/09/2023] [Indexed: 02/28/2023] Open
Abstract
Introduction: The increasing prevalence of metabolic syndrome and physical inactivity enhances exposure to cardiometabolic risk factors in university students. High-intensity interval training (HIIT) improved cardiometabolic health in clinical adults but the evidence in the university setting is limited. Furthermore, few studies examined the effect of low-volume HIIT on habitual physical activity (PA). Therefore, the primary aim of this study was to evaluate the efficacy of 12-week Tabata-style functional HIIT for improving multiple cardiometabolic health outcomes and habitual PA. We also investigated whether changes in habitual PA over the intervention period had an impact on exercise-induced health outcomes. Methods: 122 female freshmen were randomized into the Tabata group (n = 60) and the control (n = 62). The Tabata training protocol involved 8 × 20 s maximal repeated functional exercises followed by 10 s rest with a frequency of 3 times per week for 12 weeks. Body composition, maximal oxygen uptake (VO2max), blood pressure (BP), blood lipids, fasting glucose and insulin, C-reactive protein and PA were objectively measured using standardized methods. Dietary intake was measured using a valid food frequency questionnaire. All variables were measured pre- and post-intervention. Results: Mixed linear modelling results showed that there were large intervention effects on VO2max (p < 0.001, d = 2.53, 95% CI: 2.03 to 3.00 for relative VO2max; p < 0.001, d = 2.24, 95% CI: 1.76 to 2.68 for absolute VO2max), resting heart rate (p < 0.001, d = -1.82, 95% CI: -2.23 to -1.37), systolic BP (p < 0.001, d = -1.24, 95% CI: -1.63 to -0.84), moderate-to-vigorous intensity physical activity (MVPA) (p < 0.001, d = 2.31, 95% CI: 1.83 to 2.77), total PA (p < 0.001, d = 1.98, 95% CI: 1.53 to 2.41); moderate effects on %BF (p < 0.001, d = -1.15, 95% CI: -1.53 to -0.75), FM (p < 0.001, d = -1.08, 95% CI: -1.46 to -0.69), high-density lipoprotein (HDL) (p < 0.001, d = 1.04, 95% CI: 0.65 to 1.42), total cholesterol (p = 0.001, d = -0.64, 95% CI: -1.00 to -0.26); small effects on BMI (p = 0.011, d = -0.48, 95% CI: -0.84 to 0.11), WC (p = 0.043, d = -0.37, 95% CI: -0.74 to -0.01), low-density lipoprotein (p = 0.003, d = -0.57, 95% CI: -0.93 to -0.19), HOMA-IR (p = 0.026, d = -0.42, 95% CI: -0.78 to -0.05) and fasting insulin (p = 0.035, d = -0.40, 95% CI: -0.76 to -0.03). Regression analysis showed that only the percentage change of HDL was associated with the change of MVPA (b = 0.326, p = 0.015) and TPA (b = 0.480, p = 0.001). Conclusion: From the findings of the study we can conclude that 12-week low-volume Tabata-style functional HIIT was highly effective for university female students to improve cardiorespiratory fitness, body fat, some cardiometabolic health outcomes and habitual PA.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yining Lu
- Faculty of Sport Science, Ningbo University, Ningbo, China.,Cardiff School of Sport and Health Sciences, Cardiff Metropolitan University, Cardiff, United Kingdom
| | - Huw D Wiltshire
- Cardiff School of Sport and Health Sciences, Cardiff Metropolitan University, Cardiff, United Kingdom
| | - Julien Steven Baker
- Centre for Population Health and Medical Informatics, Department of Sport, Physical Education and Health, Hong Kong Baptist University, Kowloon Tong, Hong Kong SAR, China
| | - Qiaojun Wang
- Faculty of Sport Science, Ningbo University, Ningbo, China
| | - Shanshan Ying
- Faculty of Sport Science, Ningbo University, Ningbo, China
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203
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Shi XY, Yue XL, Xu YS, Jiang M, Li RJ. Aldehyde dehydrogenase 2 and NOD-like receptor thermal protein domain associated protein 3 inflammasome in atherosclerotic cardiovascular diseases: A systematic review of the current evidence. Front Cardiovasc Med 2023; 10:1062502. [PMID: 36910525 PMCID: PMC9996072 DOI: 10.3389/fcvm.2023.1062502] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/06/2022] [Accepted: 02/02/2023] [Indexed: 02/25/2023] Open
Abstract
Inflammation and dyslipidemia underlie the pathological basis of atherosclerosis (AS). Clinical studies have confirmed that there is still residual risk of atherosclerotic cardiovascular diseases (ASCVD) even after intense reduction of LDL. Some of this residual risk can be explained by inflammation as anti-inflammatory therapy is effective in improving outcomes in subjects treated with LDL-lowering agents. NOD-like receptor thermal protein domain associated protein 3 (NLRP3) inflammasome activation is closely related to early-stage inflammation in AS. Aldehyde dehydrogenase 2 (ALDH2) is an important enzyme of toxic aldehyde metabolism located in mitochondria and works in the metabolism of toxic aldehydes such as 4-HNE and MDA. Despite studies confirming that ALDH2 can negatively regulate NLRP3 inflammasome and delay the development of atherosclerosis, the mechanisms involved are still poorly understood. Reactive Oxygen Species (ROS) is a common downstream pathway activated for NLRP3 inflammasome. ALDH2 can reduce the multiple sources of ROS, such as oxidative stress, inflammation, and mitochondrial damage, thereby reducing the activation of NLRP3 inflammasome. Further, according to the downstream of ALDH2 and the upstream of NLRP3, the molecules and related mechanisms of ALDH2 on NLRP3 inflammasome are comprehensively expounded as possible. The potential mechanism may provide potential inroads for treating ASCVD.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xue-Yun Shi
- Qilu Medical College, Shandong University, Jinan, China
| | - Xiao-Lin Yue
- Qilu Medical College, Shandong University, Jinan, China
| | - You-Shun Xu
- Qilu Medical College, Shandong University, Jinan, China
| | - Mei Jiang
- Department of Emergency, Qilu Hospital, Shandong University, Jinan, China
| | - Rui-Jian Li
- Department of Emergency, Qilu Hospital, Shandong University, Jinan, China
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204
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Al Qarawani OMAS, Kaur P, Vyas M, Sharma S. Atherosclerosis Potential Drug Targets: Current Scenario and Future Perspectives. Cardiovasc Hematol Disord Drug Targets 2023; 23:77-91. [PMID: 37888822 DOI: 10.2174/011871529x262041230922043156] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/22/2023] [Revised: 08/01/2023] [Accepted: 08/24/2023] [Indexed: 10/28/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND The global burden of atherosclerosis and its implication to cause coronary heart disease and ischemic cardiac problems is the most prevalent cause of morbidity and hospitalization. In the US, there has been an increase in the number of patients with cardiac problems in the last decade, and still remains the primary cause of death in Europe as well as in the US. OBJECTIVES Even though therapeutic interventions and early diagnosis the formation of the fatty lesion and its subsequent steps are possible, the therapeutic management of the disease remains questionable when clinical data is observed. There is still scope for proper target identification and biomarker recognition, which can serve as a baseline to develop efficient pharmacological agent and delivery systems so that the disease incidence and prevalence can be controlled. The present article highlights the current pathophysiological state of the disease and emerging strategies that are applied to manage the disease. FINDINGS This article gives an insight into the limitations of various conventionally used therapeutic agents for disease treatment. The emerging strategies that could prove efficacious in disease treatment. This article also gives an insight into current discoveries in the field of cellular and molecular biology, such as the genetic role in causing dyslipidemia and the role of immune cells and the role of non-coding small RNA, which can set the future direction to develop therapeutics interventions for atherosclerosis.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Palwinder Kaur
- Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Lovely Professional University, Phagwara, Punjab, 144401, India
| | - Manish Vyas
- Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Lovely Professional University, Phagwara, Punjab, 144401, India
| | - Sandeep Sharma
- Department of Medical Laboratory Sciences, Lovely Professional University, Phagwara, Punjab, 144401, India
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205
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Zhu YX, Liang L, Parasa R, Li Z, Li Q, Chang S, Ma WR, Feng SL, Wang Y, Xu B, Bourantas CV, Zhang YJ. Early vascular healing after neXt-generation drug-eluting stent implantation in Patients with non-ST Elevation acute Coronary syndrome based on optical coherence Tomography guidance and evaluation (EXPECT): study protocol for a randomized controlled trial. Front Cardiovasc Med 2023; 10:1003546. [PMID: 36910518 PMCID: PMC9995825 DOI: 10.3389/fcvm.2023.1003546] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/26/2022] [Accepted: 02/06/2023] [Indexed: 02/25/2023] Open
Abstract
Background There is limited evidence about vessel wall healing response following implantation of next-generation drug-eluting stents (DES) in patients admitted with a non-ST elevation acute coronary syndrome (NSTE-ACS). Cumulative data indicate that optical coherence tomography (OCT) imaging can optimize percutaneous coronary intervention results and expedite stent endothelialization in the general population but there is lack of data in NSTE-ACS patients. Methods The EXPECT study is an investigator-initiated, prospective, randomized trial to assess early vascular healing response following next-generation DES implantation in patients admitted with NSTE-ACS based on OCT guidance and evaluation. Sixty patients are randomized at 1:1:1 ratio to OCT-guided percutaneous coronary intervention (PCI) with 3-month follow-up OCT imaging (O3 group, n = 20), to angiography-guided PCI with 3-month follow-up OCT imaging (A3 group, n = 20) and to angiography-guided PCI with 6-month follow-up OCT imaging (A6 group, n = 20). The primary endpoint of the study is stent strut coverage rate at 3- or 6- month follow-up in the studied groups. The secondary endpoints of the study include OCT imaging endpoints, clinical endpoints, and molecular biology endpoints at the different time points. The clinical endpoints comprised of major cardiovascular adverse events and individual components. The molecular biology endpoints comprised of lipid levels and the levels of inflammatory indicators. Discussion The findings of the EXPECT study are anticipated to provide novel insights into vessel wall healing in NSTE-ACS population following implantation of next-generation DES, underscore the value of OCT imaging in expediting strut coverage in this setting, and explore the potential of an early discontinuation of dual antiplatelet therapy (DAPT) in this population. Clinical Trial Registration ClinicalTrials.gov, NCT04375319.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yong-Xiang Zhu
- Department of Cardiology, Xuzhou Third People's Hospital, Xuzhou Medical University, Xuzhou, China
| | - Li Liang
- Department of Cardiology, Xuzhou Third People's Hospital, Xuzhou Medical University, Xuzhou, China
| | - Ramya Parasa
- Department of Cardiology, Barts Heart Center, Barts Health NHS Trust, London, United Kingdom.,Cardiovascular Devices Hub, Centre for Cardiovascular Medicine and Devices, William Harvey Research Institute, Queen Mary University of London, London, United Kingdom
| | - Zheng Li
- Department of Cardiology, Xuzhou Third People's Hospital, Xuzhou Medical University, Xuzhou, China
| | - Qian Li
- Department of Cardiology, Xuzhou Third People's Hospital, Xuzhou Medical University, Xuzhou, China
| | - Shang Chang
- Department of Cardiology, Xuzhou Third People's Hospital, Xuzhou Medical University, Xuzhou, China
| | - Wen-Rui Ma
- Department of Cardiology, Xuzhou Third People's Hospital, Xuzhou Medical University, Xuzhou, China
| | - Si-Li Feng
- Department of Cardiology, Xuzhou Third People's Hospital, Xuzhou Medical University, Xuzhou, China
| | - Yang Wang
- Fuwai Hospital, National Center for Cardiovascular Diseases, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences and Peking Union Medical College, Beijing, China
| | - Bo Xu
- Fuwai Hospital, National Center for Cardiovascular Diseases, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences and Peking Union Medical College, Beijing, China
| | - Christos V Bourantas
- Department of Cardiology, Barts Heart Center, Barts Health NHS Trust, London, United Kingdom.,Cardiovascular Devices Hub, Centre for Cardiovascular Medicine and Devices, William Harvey Research Institute, Queen Mary University of London, London, United Kingdom
| | - Yao-Jun Zhang
- Department of Cardiology, Xuzhou Third People's Hospital, Xuzhou Medical University, Xuzhou, China
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206
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Ke B, Gong R, Shen A, Qiu H, Chen H, Zhang Z, Li W, Xie Y, Li H. Risk stratification algorithm for clinical outcomes in anemic patients undergoing percutaneous coronary intervention. Ann Med 2023; 55:2249200. [PMID: 37619547 PMCID: PMC10453970 DOI: 10.1080/07853890.2023.2249200] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/19/2023] [Revised: 08/10/2023] [Accepted: 08/11/2023] [Indexed: 08/26/2023] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND To explore the crosstalk between baseline or visit hemoglobin and major adverse cardiovascular and cerebral events (MACCE) in percutaneous coronary intervention (PCI) patients and to construct risk stratification models to predict MACCE amongst these patients. MATERIALS AND METHODS We conducted a retrospective cohort in patients undergoing PCI procedures at Beijing Friendship Hospital between January 2013 and December 2020. Multivariate Cox proportional hazards models were employed for data analyses. The composite MACCE was the primary endpoint and we used machine learning algorithms to evaluate risk factors associated with MACCE. Model performance was measured using Brier scores and receiver-operating characteristic curves. The association between risk factors and MACCE probability was examined using partial dependency plots. RESULTS 8,298 PCI-treated patients were enrolled in the study. 1,919 of these patients had anemia. During a four-year median follow-up period, 1,636 patients (19.71%) had MACCE. The visit hemoglobin and hemoglobin change was associated with higher risk of MACCE respectively (visit hemoglobin: hazard ratio [HR]: 0.98; 95% confidence interval [CI]: 0.98-0.99; p < 0.001; hemoglobin change: HR: 0.99; 95%CI: 0.98-0.99; p < 0.001). Gradient Boosting (GB) was the BPM, with a mean C-statistic value of 0.78 (95% CI: 0.76-0.80) for predicting MACCE (Brier score: 0.26). The best indicator for MACCE was a low estimated glomerular filtration rate [eGFR] (71 mL/min/1.73m2) at admission, followed by a high serum HbA1c (6.6%) level. A simple risk tree successfully classified patients (17-40.5%) with increased risks of MACCE. The high- vs. low-risk HR for MACCE was 2.04 (95% CI: 1.48-2.82). CONCLUSIONS Visit hemoglobin and long-term hemoglobin changes were more predictive of MACCE risk than baseline hemoglobin levels. Our findings indicated that increasing hemoglobin levels might improve the long-term prognosis of anemia patients. We established a new risk stratification model for MACCE, which may more efficiently prioritize targeted screening for at-risk anemic patients undergoing PCI.
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Affiliation(s)
- Bingbing Ke
- Department of Cardiology, Cardiovascular Center, Beijing Friendship Hospital, Capital Medical University, Beijing, China
| | - Renchun Gong
- School of Computer Science and Technology, East China Normal University, Shanghai, China
| | - Aidong Shen
- Department of Cardiology, Cardiovascular Center, Beijing Friendship Hospital, Capital Medical University, Beijing, China
| | - Hui Qiu
- Department of Cardiology, Cardiovascular Center, Beijing Friendship Hospital, Capital Medical University, Beijing, China
| | - Hui Chen
- Department of Cardiology, Cardiovascular Center, Beijing Friendship Hospital, Capital Medical University, Beijing, China
| | - Zhizhong Zhang
- School of Computer Science and Technology, East China Normal University, Shanghai, China
| | - Weiping Li
- Department of Cardiology, Cardiovascular Center, Beijing Friendship Hospital, Capital Medical University, Beijing, China
- Beijing Key Laboratory of Metabolic Disorder Related Cardiovascular Disease, Beijing, China
| | - Yuan Xie
- School of Computer Science and Technology, East China Normal University, Shanghai, China
| | - Hongwei Li
- Department of Cardiology, Cardiovascular Center, Beijing Friendship Hospital, Capital Medical University, Beijing, China
- Beijing Key Laboratory of Metabolic Disorder Related Cardiovascular Disease, Beijing, China
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207
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ROS-triggered drug release of puerarin from boronic ester modified nanoparticles to reduce oxidative damage in HUVECs. J Drug Deliv Sci Technol 2023. [DOI: 10.1016/j.jddst.2023.104210] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/26/2023]
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208
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Xiao M, Xian C, Wang Y, Qi X, Zhang R, Liu Z, Cheng Y. Nuciferine attenuates atherosclerosis by regulating the proliferation and migration of VSMCs through the Calm4/MMP12/AKT pathway in ApoE (-/-) mice fed with High-Fat-Diet. PHYTOMEDICINE : INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF PHYTOTHERAPY AND PHYTOPHARMACOLOGY 2023; 108:154536. [PMID: 36395561 DOI: 10.1016/j.phymed.2022.154536] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/27/2022] [Revised: 10/18/2022] [Accepted: 11/01/2022] [Indexed: 06/16/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Atherosclerosis (AS) is the pathological basis of multiple cardiovascular diseases. The pathogenesis of AS is closely related to the abnormal proliferation and migration of vascular smooth muscle cells (VSMCs). Nuciferine, an aporphine alkaloid from lotus leaf, has various pharmacological activities. However, the effect and mechanism of nuciferine on regulating proliferation and migration of VSMCs against AS is still unclear. PURPOSE To elucidate the pharmacological effect and molecular mechanism of nuciferine on AS in ApoE(-/-) mice fed with High-Fat-Diet (HFD). STUDY DESIGN HFD-fed ApoE(-/-) mice and 3% fetal bovine serum (FBS) induced mouse aortic vascular smooth muscle cells (MOVAS) were used to investigate the protective effect and mechanism of nuciferine on AS. METHODS Oil red O staining was used to detect the atherosclerotic lesions. Western blotting and immunofluorescence were used to determine calmodulin 4 (Calm4) expression and localization. CCK-8 assay, transwell and wound-healing assays were used to measure the migration and proliferation of MOVAS cells. RESULTS Nuciferine at 40 mg/kg significantly ameliorated the aortic lesion and vascular plaque in AS model, which was equal to the effect of the positive control drug (atorvastatin). In addition, nuciferine attenuated the migration and proliferation of VSMCs in vivo and in vitro. Importantly, nuciferine down-regulated the increase of Calm4 induced by HFD-fed in ApoE(-/-) mice or 3% FBS induced MOVAS cells. However, the inhibitory effect of nuciferine on the migration and proliferation of MOVAS cells was blocked when Calm4 was overexpressed. Furthermore, we found that nuciferine suppressed MMP12 and PI3K/Akt signaling pathway via Calm4. CONCLUSION Our results illustrated that Calm4 promoted the proliferation and motility of MOVAS by activating MMP12/Akt signaling pathway in AS. Nuciferine has a significant anti-atherogenic effect by regulating the proliferation and migration of VSMCs through the Calm4/MMP12/AKT signaling pathway. Thus, Calm4 could potentially be a new target for AS therapy, and nuciferine could be a potential drug against AS.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mingzhu Xiao
- Joint Laboratory for Translational Cancer Research of Chinese Medicine of the Ministry of Education of the People's Republic of China, Guangdong Key Laboratory for translational Cancer research of Chinese Medicine, International Institute for Translational Chinese Medicine, School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Guangzhou University of Chinese Medicine, Guangzhou, Guangdong 510006, China
| | - Cuiling Xian
- Joint Laboratory for Translational Cancer Research of Chinese Medicine of the Ministry of Education of the People's Republic of China, Guangdong Key Laboratory for translational Cancer research of Chinese Medicine, International Institute for Translational Chinese Medicine, School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Guangzhou University of Chinese Medicine, Guangzhou, Guangdong 510006, China
| | - Ying Wang
- Joint Laboratory for Translational Cancer Research of Chinese Medicine of the Ministry of Education of the People's Republic of China, Guangdong Key Laboratory for translational Cancer research of Chinese Medicine, International Institute for Translational Chinese Medicine, School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Guangzhou University of Chinese Medicine, Guangzhou, Guangdong 510006, China
| | - Xiaoxiao Qi
- Joint Laboratory for Translational Cancer Research of Chinese Medicine of the Ministry of Education of the People's Republic of China, Guangdong Key Laboratory for translational Cancer research of Chinese Medicine, International Institute for Translational Chinese Medicine, School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Guangzhou University of Chinese Medicine, Guangzhou, Guangdong 510006, China
| | - Rong Zhang
- Joint Laboratory for Translational Cancer Research of Chinese Medicine of the Ministry of Education of the People's Republic of China, Guangdong Key Laboratory for translational Cancer research of Chinese Medicine, International Institute for Translational Chinese Medicine, School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Guangzhou University of Chinese Medicine, Guangzhou, Guangdong 510006, China; Guangdong-Hong Kong-Macau Joint Lab on Chinese Medicine and Immune Disease Research, Guangzhou Univ Chinese Med, Guangzhou, Guangdong, 510006, China
| | - Zhongqiu Liu
- Joint Laboratory for Translational Cancer Research of Chinese Medicine of the Ministry of Education of the People's Republic of China, Guangdong Key Laboratory for translational Cancer research of Chinese Medicine, International Institute for Translational Chinese Medicine, School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Guangzhou University of Chinese Medicine, Guangzhou, Guangdong 510006, China; Guangdong-Hong Kong-Macau Joint Lab on Chinese Medicine and Immune Disease Research, Guangzhou Univ Chinese Med, Guangzhou, Guangdong, 510006, China; Shunde Hospital of Guangzhou University of Chinese Medicine, Guangzhou University of Chinese Medicine, Foshan, Guangdong, 528333, China.
| | - Yuanyuan Cheng
- Joint Laboratory for Translational Cancer Research of Chinese Medicine of the Ministry of Education of the People's Republic of China, Guangdong Key Laboratory for translational Cancer research of Chinese Medicine, International Institute for Translational Chinese Medicine, School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Guangzhou University of Chinese Medicine, Guangzhou, Guangdong 510006, China; Guangdong-Hong Kong-Macau Joint Lab on Chinese Medicine and Immune Disease Research, Guangzhou Univ Chinese Med, Guangzhou, Guangdong, 510006, China; Shunde Hospital of Guangzhou University of Chinese Medicine, Guangzhou University of Chinese Medicine, Foshan, Guangdong, 528333, China.
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M1/M2 re-polarization of kaempferol biomimetic NPs in anti-inflammatory therapy of atherosclerosis. J Control Release 2023; 353:1068-1083. [PMID: 36549391 DOI: 10.1016/j.jconrel.2022.12.041] [Citation(s) in RCA: 28] [Impact Index Per Article: 28.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/14/2022] [Revised: 12/02/2022] [Accepted: 12/18/2022] [Indexed: 12/24/2022]
Abstract
Atherosclerosis (AS), a leading cause of death worldwide, involves chronic macrophage inflammation from its initiation to the emergence of complications. Targeting plaque inflammation by re-polarizing pro-inflammatory M1 to anti-inflammatory M2 could therefore provide a promising strategy to treat AS, but currently available anti-inflammatory drugs limit clinical outcomes. In this study, we found that kaempferol (KPF) is capable of potential anti-inflammation as a novel drug candidate, which has been scarcely reported. Building upon these findings, we fabricated a macrophage-biomimetic KPF delivery platform, abbreviated as KPF@MM-NPs to potentiate therapeutic payloads, wherein the designed ROS-responsive Dextran-g-PBMEO NPs with π-π stacking were coated with macrophage membrane (MM) for effective target and accumulation in atherosclerotic lesions. Therapy of KPF@MM-NPs afforded significant decrease in proliferating macrophage inflammation while went with the reduction of key pro-inflammatory cytokines and re-polarization M1 to M2 phenotype, inducing excellent anti-AS responses in ApoE-/- mice after i.p. delivery. The mechanism of KPF@MM-NPs was further investigated and found it related to block the ROS/NF-κB signaling pathways. Together with as well demonstrated biosafety profiles, this proof-of-concept opens an instructive door for the study of KPF-mediated nanodrugs in treatment of AS based on biomimetic NPs.
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Dong X, Nao J. Relationship between the therapeutic potential of various plant-derived bioactive compounds and their related microRNAs in neurological disorders. PHYTOMEDICINE : INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF PHYTOTHERAPY AND PHYTOPHARMACOLOGY 2023; 108:154501. [PMID: 36368284 DOI: 10.1016/j.phymed.2022.154501] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/05/2022] [Revised: 09/26/2022] [Accepted: 10/02/2022] [Indexed: 06/16/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Neurological disorders, such as ischemic stroke, spinal cord injury, neurodegenerative diseases, and glioblastoma often lead to long-term disability and death. MicroRNAs (miRNAs) are small single-stranded non-coding RNAs of approximately 22 nucleotides, known to participate in both normal and pathological development, making them ideal therapeutic targets for clinical intervention. Several recent studies have suggested that plant-derived bioactive compounds (PDBCs) can have anti-atherosclerosis, antioxidant, and anti-inflammatory effects by regulating miRNAs. Thus, miRNAs are novel targets for the action of PDBCs. PURPOSE The aim of this review was to evaluate the current status of PDBCs targeted miRNAs by dissecting their development status through a literature review. METHODS A manual and electronic search was performed for English articles available from inception up to June 2022 reporting PDBCs and their regulating relationship with miRNAs for the therapeutic potential of neurological disorders. Information was retrieved from scientific databases including PubMed, ScienceDirect, Web of Science, Google Scholar and Chemical Abstracts Services. Keywords used for the search engines were "miRNAs" AND "Plant-derived bioactive compounds" in conjunction with "(native weeds OR alien invasive)" AND "traditional herbal medicine". RESULTS A total of 37 articles were retrieved on PDBCs and their related miRNAs in neurological disorders. These PDBCs from traditional herbal medicine may play a therapeutic role in neurological disorders in a variety of mechanisms by regulating the corresponding miRNAs. These mechanisms mainly include inhibiting oxidative stress, anti-neuroinflammation, anti-autophagy, and anti-apoptosis. PDBC are a group of chemically distinct compounds derived from medicinal plants, some of which have therapeutic effects on neurological disorders. CONCLUSION The emergence of miRNAs as pathological regulatory factors provides a new direction for the study of bioactive compounds in Traditional Chinese medicine and the elucidating of their epigenetic effects. Elucidating the regulatory relationship between bioactive compounds and miRNAs may help to identify new therapeutic targets and promoting the application of these compounds in precision medicine through their targeted molecular activity.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xiaoyu Dong
- Department of Neurology, Shengjing Hospital of China Medical University, 36 Sanhao Street, Heping District, Shenyang, Liaoning 110004, PR China
| | - Jianfei Nao
- Department of Neurology, Shengjing Hospital of China Medical University, 36 Sanhao Street, Heping District, Shenyang, Liaoning 110004, PR China.
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Xu J, Pi J, Zhang Y, Zhou J, Zhang S, Wu S. Effects of Ferroptosis on Cardiovascular Diseases. Mediators Inflamm 2023; 2023:6653202. [PMID: 37181809 PMCID: PMC10175025 DOI: 10.1155/2023/6653202] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/19/2023] [Revised: 02/27/2023] [Accepted: 04/20/2023] [Indexed: 05/16/2023] Open
Abstract
Ferroptosis is a novel form of programmed cell death characterized by the accumulation of iron-dependent lipid peroxides, which causes membrane injury. Under the catalysis of iron ions, cells deficient in glutathione peroxidase (GPX4) cannot preserve the balance in lipid oxidative metabolism, and the buildup of reactive oxygen species on the membrane lipids leads to cell death. An increasing body of evidence suggests that ferroptosis plays a significant role in the development and occurrence of cardiovascular diseases. In this paper, we mainly elaborated on the molecular mechanisms regulating ferroptosis and its impact on cardiovascular disease to lay the groundwork for future studies on the prophylaxis and treatment of this patient population.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jiayi Xu
- Core Facilities, West China Hospital, Sichuan University, Chengdu, Sichuan 610041, China
| | - Jinkui Pi
- Core Facilities, West China Hospital, Sichuan University, Chengdu, Sichuan 610041, China
| | - Yanjing Zhang
- Core Facilities, West China Hospital, Sichuan University, Chengdu, Sichuan 610041, China
| | - Jinhan Zhou
- Core Facilities, West China Hospital, Sichuan University, Chengdu, Sichuan 610041, China
| | - Shuxia Zhang
- Core Facilities, West China Hospital, Sichuan University, Chengdu, Sichuan 610041, China
| | - Sisi Wu
- Core Facilities, West China Hospital, Sichuan University, Chengdu, Sichuan 610041, China
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Zhu Y, Tian X, Wang Y, Wang C, Yang N, Ying L, Niu H. Inhibition of lncRNA NFIA-AS1 Alleviates Abnormal Proliferation and Inflammation of Vascular Smooth Muscle Cells in Atherosclerosis by Regulating miR-125a-3p/AKT1 Axis. Int J Genomics 2023; 2023:8437898. [PMID: 37056786 PMCID: PMC10089782 DOI: 10.1155/2023/8437898] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/29/2022] [Revised: 03/04/2023] [Accepted: 03/11/2023] [Indexed: 04/15/2023] Open
Abstract
Vascular smooth muscle cells (VSMCs) are critical elements of the vascular wall and play a crucial role in the genesis and development of atherosclerosis (AS). Increasingly, studies have indicated that long noncoding RNAs (lncRNAs) regulate VSMC proliferation, apoptosis, and other biological processes. Nevertheless, the role of lncRNA NFIA-AS1 (hereinafter referred to as NFIA-AS1) in VSMCs and AS remains unclear. Quantitative real-time PCR (qRT-PCR) was performed to analyze the messenger RNA (mRNA) levels of NFIA-AS1 and miR-125a-3p. CCK-8 and EdU staining were performed to detect VSMC proliferation. VSMC apoptosis was evaluated by flow cytometry. The expression of various proteins was detected using western blotting. The levels of inflammatory cytokines secreted by VSMCs were measured by enzyme linked immunosorbent assay (ELISA). The binding sites of NFIA-AS1 and miR-125a-3p, as well as miR-125a-3p and AKT1, were analyzed using bioinformatics methods and validated using a luciferase reporter assay. The function of NFIA-AS1/miR-125a-3p/AKT1 in VSMCs was clarified through loss- and gain-of-functional experiments. We confirmed that NFIA-AS1 was highly expressed in AS tissues and VSMCs induced by oxidized low-density lipoprotein (Ox-LDL). Knockdown of NFIA-AS1 restrained the exceptional growth of Ox-LDL-induced VSMCs, promoted their apoptosis, and decreased the secretion of inflammatory factors and expression of adhesion factors. In addition, NFIA-AS1 regulated the proliferation, apoptosis, and inflammatory response of VSMCs through the miR-125a-3p/AKT1 axis, suggesting that NFIA-AS1 may be a potential therapeutic target for AS.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yi Zhu
- Department of Cardio-Thoracic Surgery, The Affiliated Huai'an Hospital of Xuzhou Medical University and The Second People's Hospital of Huai'an, No. 60, Huaihai Road (South), Huaian 223002, China
| | - Xiaofeng Tian
- Department of Cardio-Thoracic Surgery, The Affiliated Huai'an Hospital of Xuzhou Medical University and The Second People's Hospital of Huai'an, No. 60, Huaihai Road (South), Huaian 223002, China
| | - Yan Wang
- Department of Cardio-Thoracic Surgery, The Affiliated Huai'an Hospital of Xuzhou Medical University and The Second People's Hospital of Huai'an, No. 60, Huaihai Road (South), Huaian 223002, China
| | - Chengxiang Wang
- Department of Cardio-Thoracic Surgery, The Affiliated Huai'an Hospital of Xuzhou Medical University and The Second People's Hospital of Huai'an, No. 60, Huaihai Road (South), Huaian 223002, China
| | - Naiquan Yang
- Internal Medicine-Cardiovascular Department, The Affiliated Huai'an Hospital of Xuzhou Medical University and The Second People's Hospital of Huai'an, No. 60, Huaihai Road (South), Huaian 223002, China
| | - Lianghong Ying
- Internal Medicine-Cardiovascular Department, The Affiliated Huai'an Hospital of Xuzhou Medical University and The Second People's Hospital of Huai'an, No. 60, Huaihai Road (South), Huaian 223002, China
| | - Hongyan Niu
- Clinical Laboratory, The Affiliated Huai'an Hospital of Xuzhou Medical University and The Second People's Hospital of Huai'an, No. 60, Huaihai Road (South), Huaian 223002, China
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213
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Yuan J, Kong Y. MiR-7-5p attenuates vascular smooth muscle cell migration and intimal hyperplasia after vascular injury by NF-kB signaling. Biochem Biophys Rep 2022; 33:101394. [PMID: 36601516 PMCID: PMC9806680 DOI: 10.1016/j.bbrep.2022.101394] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/12/2022] [Revised: 11/17/2022] [Accepted: 11/18/2022] [Indexed: 01/01/2023] Open
Abstract
Background Atherosclerosis (AS) is the primary cause of coronary artery disease, which is featured by aberrant proliferation, differentiation, and migration of vascular smooth muscle cells (VSMCs). MicroRNAs play crucial roles in AS, but the function of miR-7-5p in AS remains unclear. Here, we aimed to explore the effect of miR-7-5p on AS and VSMCs in vitro and in vivo. Methods The in vivo rat AS model and apoE-/- mouse model were established. The carotid artery injury was checked by immunohistochemistry staining. The RNA levels of miR-7-5p and p65 were measured by qPCR assay. Protein levels were checked by western blotting. Cell apoptosis was evaluated by flow cytometry. Cell migration was checked by Transwell assay and wound healing assay. The potential interaction between miR-7-5p with p65 was checked by luciferase reporter gene assay. Results MiR-7-5p was downregulated and NF-κB p65 was upregulated in injured carotid arteries in rat model. The carotid artery injury in the AS rats and the treatment of miR-7-5p attenuated the phenotype in the model. Immunohistochemistry staining and Western blot analysis revealed that PCNA levels were increased in injured carotid arteries of the model rats and miR-7-5p could reverse the levels. The cell viability of VSMCs was induced by PDGF-BB but miR-7-5p blocked the phenotype. PDGF-BB decreased apoptosis of VSMCs, while miR-7-5p was able to restore the cell apoptosis in the model. PDGF-BB-induced migration of VSMCs was attenuated by miR-7-5p. miR-7-5p mimic remarkably repressed the luciferase activity of p65 in VSMCs. The levels of p65 were inhibited by miR-7-5p in the cells. The PDGF-BB-promoted cell viability and migration of VSMCs was repressed by miR-7-5p and p65 overexpression reversed the phenotype. Conclusion We concluded that miR-7-5p attenuates vascular smooth muscle cell migration and intimal hyperplasia after vascular injury by NF-kB signaling.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jixiang Yuan
- The First Affiliated Hospital of Northwest Minzu University, Yinchuan, 750002, Ningxia Hui Autonomous Region, China,Corresponding author.
| | - Yun Kong
- Beijing Bioscience Biomedical Technology Co., LTD, Beijing, 100010, China
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Su C, Lu Y, Wang Z, Guo J, Hou Y, Wang X, Qin Z, Gao J, Sun Z, Dai Y, Liu Y, Liu G, Xian X, Cui X, Zhang J, Tang J. Atherosclerosis: The Involvement of Immunity, Cytokines and Cells in Pathogenesis, and Potential Novel Therapeutics. Aging Dis 2022:AD.2022.1208. [PMID: 37163428 PMCID: PMC10389830 DOI: 10.14336/ad.2022.1208] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/15/2022] [Accepted: 12/08/2022] [Indexed: 05/12/2023] Open
Abstract
As a leading contributor to coronary artery disease (CAD) and stroke, atherosclerosis has become one of the major cardiovascular diseases (CVD) negatively impacting patients worldwide. The endothelial injury is considered to be the initial step of the development of atherosclerosis, resulting in immune cell migration and activation as well as inflammatory factor secretion, which further leads to acute and chronic inflammation. In addition, the inflammation and lipid accumulation at the lesions stimulate specific responses from different types of cells, contributing to the pathological progression of atherosclerosis. As a result, recent studies have focused on using molecular biological approaches such as gene editing and nanotechnology to mediate cellular response during atherosclerotic development for therapeutic purposes. In this review, we systematically discuss inflammatory pathogenesis during the development of atherosclerosis from a cellular level with a focus on the blood cells, including all types of immune cells, together with crucial cells within the blood vessel, such as smooth muscle cells and endothelial cells. In addition, the latest progression of molecular-cellular based therapy for atherosclerosis is also discussed. We hope this review article could be beneficial for the clinical management of atherosclerosis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Chang Su
- Department of Cardiology, First Affiliated Hospital of Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou, Henan, China
- Key Laboratory of Cardiac Injury and Repair of Henan Province, Zhengzhou, Henan, China
- Henan Province Clinical Research Center for Cardiovascular Diseases, Zhengzhou, Henan, China
| | - Yongzheng Lu
- Department of Cardiology, First Affiliated Hospital of Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou, Henan, China
- Key Laboratory of Cardiac Injury and Repair of Henan Province, Zhengzhou, Henan, China
- Henan Province Clinical Research Center for Cardiovascular Diseases, Zhengzhou, Henan, China
| | - Zeyu Wang
- Department of Cardiology, First Affiliated Hospital of Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou, Henan, China
- Key Laboratory of Cardiac Injury and Repair of Henan Province, Zhengzhou, Henan, China
- Henan Province Clinical Research Center for Cardiovascular Diseases, Zhengzhou, Henan, China
| | - Jiacheng Guo
- Department of Cardiology, First Affiliated Hospital of Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou, Henan, China
- Key Laboratory of Cardiac Injury and Repair of Henan Province, Zhengzhou, Henan, China
- Henan Province Clinical Research Center for Cardiovascular Diseases, Zhengzhou, Henan, China
| | - Yachen Hou
- Department of Cardiology, First Affiliated Hospital of Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou, Henan, China
- Key Laboratory of Cardiac Injury and Repair of Henan Province, Zhengzhou, Henan, China
- Henan Province Clinical Research Center for Cardiovascular Diseases, Zhengzhou, Henan, China
| | - Xiaofang Wang
- Department of Cardiology, First Affiliated Hospital of Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou, Henan, China
- Key Laboratory of Cardiac Injury and Repair of Henan Province, Zhengzhou, Henan, China
- Henan Province Clinical Research Center for Cardiovascular Diseases, Zhengzhou, Henan, China
| | - Zhen Qin
- Department of Cardiology, First Affiliated Hospital of Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou, Henan, China
- Key Laboratory of Cardiac Injury and Repair of Henan Province, Zhengzhou, Henan, China
- Henan Province Clinical Research Center for Cardiovascular Diseases, Zhengzhou, Henan, China
| | - Jiamin Gao
- Department of Cardiology, First Affiliated Hospital of Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou, Henan, China
- Key Laboratory of Cardiac Injury and Repair of Henan Province, Zhengzhou, Henan, China
- Henan Province Clinical Research Center for Cardiovascular Diseases, Zhengzhou, Henan, China
| | - Zhaowei Sun
- Department of Cardiology, First Affiliated Hospital of Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou, Henan, China
- Key Laboratory of Cardiac Injury and Repair of Henan Province, Zhengzhou, Henan, China
- Henan Province Clinical Research Center for Cardiovascular Diseases, Zhengzhou, Henan, China
| | - Yichen Dai
- School of Medicine, The Chinese University of Hong Kong, Shenzhen, Guangdong, China
| | - Yu Liu
- School of Medicine, The Chinese University of Hong Kong, Shenzhen, Guangdong, China
| | - Guozhen Liu
- School of Medicine, The Chinese University of Hong Kong, Shenzhen, Guangdong, China
| | - Xunde Xian
- Institute of Cardiovascular Sciences, Peking University, Beijing, China
| | - Xiaolin Cui
- School of Medicine, The Chinese University of Hong Kong, Shenzhen, Guangdong, China
| | - Jinying Zhang
- Department of Cardiology, First Affiliated Hospital of Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou, Henan, China
- Key Laboratory of Cardiac Injury and Repair of Henan Province, Zhengzhou, Henan, China
- Henan Province Clinical Research Center for Cardiovascular Diseases, Zhengzhou, Henan, China
| | - Junnan Tang
- Department of Cardiology, First Affiliated Hospital of Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou, Henan, China
- Key Laboratory of Cardiac Injury and Repair of Henan Province, Zhengzhou, Henan, China
- Henan Province Clinical Research Center for Cardiovascular Diseases, Zhengzhou, Henan, China
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Urbanowicz T, Olasińska-Wiśniewska A, Michalak M, Perek B, Al-Imam A, Rodzki M, Witkowska A, Straburzyńska-Migaj E, Bociański M, Misterski M, Lesiak M, Jemielity M. Pre-operative systemic inflammatory response index influences long-term survival rate in off-pump surgical revascularization. PLoS One 2022; 17:e0276138. [PMID: 36520919 PMCID: PMC9754600 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0276138] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/18/2022] [Accepted: 09/29/2022] [Indexed: 12/23/2022] Open
Abstract
Coronary artery bypass revascularization is still the optimal treatment for complex coronary artery disease with good long-term results. The relation between inflammatory activation in the post-operative period and the long-term prognosis was already postulated. The possible predictive role of preoperative inflammatory indexes after the off-pump coronary artery bypass grafting technique on long term survival was the aim of the study. Study population included 171 patients with a median age of 64 years (59-64) operated on using off-pump technique between January and December 2014. Patients enrolled in the current study were followed-up for 8 years. We conducted a multivariable analysis of pre-operative and post-operative inflammatory markers based on analysis of the whole blood count. The overall survival rate was 80% for the total follow-up period, while 34 deaths were reported (30-days mortality rate of 1%). In the multivariable analysis, a pre-operative value of systemic inflammatory response index (SIRI) >1.27 (HR = 6.16, 95% CI 2.17-17.48, p = 0.012) revealed a prognostic value for long-term mortality assessment after off-pump surgery. Preoperative inflammatory activation evaluated by systemic inflammatory reaction index (SIRI) possess a prognostic value for patients with complex coronary artery disease. The SIRI value above 1.27 indicates a worse late prognosis after off-pump coronary artery bypass (AUC = 0.682, p<0.001).
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Affiliation(s)
- Tomasz Urbanowicz
- Cardiac Surgery and Transplantology Department, Poznan University of Medical Sciences, Poznan, Poland
- * E-mail:
| | - Anna Olasińska-Wiśniewska
- Cardiac Surgery and Transplantology Department, Poznan University of Medical Sciences, Poznan, Poland
| | - Michał Michalak
- Department of Computer Science and Statistics, Poznan University of Medical Sciences, Poznan, Poland
| | - Bartłomiej Perek
- Cardiac Surgery and Transplantology Department, Poznan University of Medical Sciences, Poznan, Poland
| | - Ahmed Al-Imam
- Department of Computer Science and Statistics, Poznan University of Medical Sciences, Poznan, Poland
- Department of Anatomy and Cellular Biology, College of Medicine, University of Baghdad, Baghdad, Iraq
| | - Michał Rodzki
- Cardiac Surgery and Transplantology Department, Poznan University of Medical Sciences, Poznan, Poland
| | - Anna Witkowska
- Cardiac Surgery and Transplantology Department, Poznan University of Medical Sciences, Poznan, Poland
| | | | - Michał Bociański
- Cardiac Surgery and Transplantology Department, Poznan University of Medical Sciences, Poznan, Poland
| | - Marcin Misterski
- Cardiac Surgery and Transplantology Department, Poznan University of Medical Sciences, Poznan, Poland
| | - Maciej Lesiak
- 1 Cardiology Department, Poznan University of Medical Sciences, Poznan, Poland
| | - Marek Jemielity
- Cardiac Surgery and Transplantology Department, Poznan University of Medical Sciences, Poznan, Poland
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He L, Palos-Jasso A, Yi Y, Qin M, Qiu L, Yang X, Zhang Y, Yu J. Bioinformatic Analysis Revealed the Essential Regulatory Genes and Pathways of Early and Advanced Atherosclerotic Plaque in Humans. Cells 2022; 11:cells11243976. [PMID: 36552740 PMCID: PMC9776921 DOI: 10.3390/cells11243976] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/27/2022] [Revised: 12/01/2022] [Accepted: 12/05/2022] [Indexed: 12/13/2022] Open
Abstract
Atherosclerosis (AS) is a lipid-induced, chronic inflammatory, autoimmune disease affecting multiple arteries. Although much effort has been put into AS research in the past decades, it is still the leading cause of death worldwide. The complex genetic network regulation underlying the pathogenesis of AS still needs further investigation to provide effective targeted therapy for AS. We performed a bioinformatic microarray data analysis at different atherosclerotic plaque stages from the Gene Expression Omnibus database with accession numbers GSE43292 and GSE28829. Using gene set enrichment analysis, we further confirmed the immune-related pathways that play an important role in the development of AS. We are reporting, for the first time, that the metabolism of the three branched-chain amino acids (BCAAs; leucine, isoleucine, and valine) and short-chain fatty acids (SCFA; propanoate, and butanoate) are involved in the progression of AS using microarray data of atherosclerotic plaque tissue. Immune and muscle system-related pathways were further confirmed as highly regulated pathways during the development of AS using gene expression pattern analysis. Furthermore, we also identified four modules mainly involved in histone modification, immune-related processes, macroautophagy, and B cell activation with modular differential connectivity in the dataset of GSE43292, and three modules related to immune-related processes, B cell activation, and nuclear division in the dataset of GSE28829 also display modular differential connectivity based on the weighted gene co-expression network analysis. Finally, we identified eight key genes related to the pathways of immune and muscle system function as potential therapeutic biomarkers to distinguish patients with early or advanced stages in AS, and two of the eight genes were validated using the gene expression dataset from gene-deficient mice. The results of the current study will improve our understanding of the molecular mechanisms in the progression of AS. The key genes and pathways identified could be potential biomarkers or new drug targets for AS management.
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Affiliation(s)
- Luling He
- Key Laboratory for Pharmacology and Translational Research of Traditional Chinese Medicine of Nanchang, Centre for Translational Medicine, Jiangxi University of Chinese Medicine, Nanchang 330006, China
- Jiangxi Key Laboratory of Traditional Chinese Medicine for Prevention and Treatment of Vascular Remodeling Diseases, Nanchang 330006, China
| | - Andrea Palos-Jasso
- Department of Cardiovascular Sciences and Centre for Metabolic Disease Research, Lewis Katz School of Medicine, Temple University, Philadelphia, PA 19140, USA
| | - Yao Yi
- Institute of Gynecology and Obstetrics of traditional Chinese Medicine, Jiangxi University of Chinese Medicine, Nanchang 330006, China
| | - Manman Qin
- Key Laboratory for Pharmacology and Translational Research of Traditional Chinese Medicine of Nanchang, Centre for Translational Medicine, Jiangxi University of Chinese Medicine, Nanchang 330006, China
- Jiangxi Key Laboratory of Traditional Chinese Medicine for Prevention and Treatment of Vascular Remodeling Diseases, Nanchang 330006, China
| | - Liang Qiu
- Key Laboratory for Pharmacology and Translational Research of Traditional Chinese Medicine of Nanchang, Centre for Translational Medicine, Jiangxi University of Chinese Medicine, Nanchang 330006, China
- Jiangxi Key Laboratory of Traditional Chinese Medicine for Prevention and Treatment of Vascular Remodeling Diseases, Nanchang 330006, China
| | - Xiaofeng Yang
- Department of Cardiovascular Sciences and Centre for Metabolic Disease Research, Lewis Katz School of Medicine, Temple University, Philadelphia, PA 19140, USA
| | - Yifeng Zhang
- Key Laboratory for Pharmacology and Translational Research of Traditional Chinese Medicine of Nanchang, Centre for Translational Medicine, Jiangxi University of Chinese Medicine, Nanchang 330006, China
- Jiangxi Key Laboratory of Traditional Chinese Medicine for Prevention and Treatment of Vascular Remodeling Diseases, Nanchang 330006, China
- Correspondence:
| | - Jun Yu
- Department of Cardiovascular Sciences and Centre for Metabolic Disease Research, Lewis Katz School of Medicine, Temple University, Philadelphia, PA 19140, USA
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Oldershaw RA, Richardson G, Carling P, Owens WA, Lundy DJ, Meeson A. Cardiac Mesenchymal Stem Cell-like Cells Derived from a Young Patient with Bicuspid Aortic Valve Disease Have a Prematurely Aged Phenotype. Biomedicines 2022; 10:3143. [PMID: 36551899 PMCID: PMC9775343 DOI: 10.3390/biomedicines10123143] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/04/2022] [Revised: 11/25/2022] [Accepted: 11/28/2022] [Indexed: 12/12/2022] Open
Abstract
There is significant interest in the role of stem cells in cardiac regeneration, and yet little is known about how cardiac disease progression affects native cardiac stem cells in the human heart. In this brief report, cardiac mesenchymal stem cell-like cells (CMSCLC) from the right atria of a 21-year-old female patient with a bicuspid aortic valve and aortic stenosis (referred to as biscuspid aortic valve disease BAVD-CMSCLC), were compared with those of a 78-year-old female patient undergoing coronary artery bypass surgery (referred to as coronary artery disease CAD-CMSCLC). Cells were analyzed for expression of MSC markers, ability to form CFU-Fs, metabolic activity, cell cycle kinetics, expression of NANOG and p16, and telomere length. The cardiac-derived cells expressed MSC markers and were able to form CFU-Fs, with higher rate of formation in CAD-CMSCLCs. BAVD-CMSCLCs did not display normal MSC morphology, had a much lower cell doubling rate, and were less metabolically active than CAD-CMSCLCs. Cell cycle analysis revealed a population of BAVD-CMSCLC in G2/M phase, whereas the bulk of CAD-CMSCLC were in the G0/G1 phase. BAVD-CMSCLC had lower expression of NANOG and shorter telomere lengths, but higher expression of p16 compared with the CAD-CMSCLC. In conclusion, BAVD-CMSCLC have a prematurely aged phenotype compared with CAD-CMSCLC, despite originating from a younger patient.
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Affiliation(s)
- Rachel A. Oldershaw
- Department of Musculoskeletal and Ageing Science, Institute of Life Course and Medical Sciences, Faculty of Health and Life Sciences, University of Liverpool, William Henry Duncan Building, 6 West Derby Street, Liverpool L7 8TX, UK
| | - Gavin Richardson
- Newcastle University Bioscience Institute, Newcastle University, International Centre for Life, Central Parkway, Newcastle upon Tyne NE1 3BZ, UK
| | - Phillippa Carling
- Newcastle University Bioscience Institute, Newcastle University, International Centre for Life, Central Parkway, Newcastle upon Tyne NE1 3BZ, UK
| | - W. Andrew Owens
- Newcastle University Bioscience Institute, Newcastle University, International Centre for Life, Central Parkway, Newcastle upon Tyne NE1 3BZ, UK
- Department of Cardiothoracic Surgery, South Tees Hospitals NHS Foundation Trust, Middlesbrough TS4 3BW, UK
| | - David J. Lundy
- Graduate Institute of Biomedical Materials and Tissue Engineering, Taipei Medical University, Taipei 110, Taiwan
| | - Annette Meeson
- Newcastle University Bioscience Institute, Newcastle University, International Centre for Life, Central Parkway, Newcastle upon Tyne NE1 3BZ, UK
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218
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Tu S, He W, Han J, Wu A, Ren W. Advances in imaging and treatment of atherosclerosis based on organic nanoparticles. APL Bioeng 2022; 6:041501. [PMCID: PMC9726224 DOI: 10.1063/5.0127835] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/24/2022] [Accepted: 10/31/2022] [Indexed: 12/09/2022] Open
Abstract
Atherosclerosis, a systemic chronic inflammatory disease, can lead to thrombosis and vascular occlusion, thereby inducing a series of serious vascular diseases. Currently, distinguishing unstable plaques early and achieving more effective treatment are the two main clinical concerns in atherosclerosis. Organic nanoparticles have great potential in atherosclerotic imaging and treatment, showing superior biocompatibility, drug-loading capacity, and synthesis. This article illustrates the process of atherosclerosis onset and the key targeted cells, then systematically summarizes recent progress made in organic nanoparticle-based imaging of different types of targeted cells and therapeutic methods for atherosclerosis, including optical and acoustic-induced therapy, drug delivery, gene therapy, and immunotherapy. Finally, we discuss the major impediments that need to be addressed in future clinical practice. We believe this article will help readers to develop a comprehensive and in-depth understanding of organic nanoparticle-based atherosclerotic imaging and treatment, thus advancing further development of anti-atherosclerosis therapies.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Wenming He
- Department of Cardiology, The Affiliated Hospital of Medical School, Ningbo University, 247 Renmin Road, Jiangbei District, Ningbo, Zhejiang Province 315020, China,Authors to whom correspondence should be addressed:; ; and
| | | | - Aiguo Wu
- Authors to whom correspondence should be addressed:; ; and
| | - Wenzhi Ren
- Authors to whom correspondence should be addressed:; ; and
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Chen Y, Wang Z, Xian X, Zhuang Y, Chang J, Zhan X, Han X, Chen Q, Yang Z, Chen R. Eukaryotic initiation factor 6 repression mitigates atherosclerosis progression by inhibiting macrophages expressing Fasn. IUBMB Life 2022; 75:440-452. [PMID: 36469534 DOI: 10.1002/iub.2696] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/15/2022] [Accepted: 11/09/2022] [Indexed: 12/12/2022]
Abstract
Atherosclerosis, a chronic inflammatory disease that often leads to myocardial infarction and stroke, is mainly caused by lipid accumulation. Eukaryotic initiation factor 6 (Eif6) is a rate-limiting factor in protein translation of transcription factors necessary for lipogenesis. To determine whether Eif6 affects atherosclerosis, Eif6+/- mice were crossed into Apoe-/- background. Apoe-/-/Eif6+/- mice on high fat diet showed significant reduction in atherosclerotic lesions and necrotic core content in aortic root sections in comparison with Apoe-/- mice. RNA-Seq was used to investigate the effect of Eif6 in aorta. Deficiency of Eif6 shows broad effect on cell metabolism. Expression of genes for fatty acid synthesis including Fatty acid synthase (Fasn), Elovl3, Elovl6 and Acaca are down-regulated in aortas. Importantly, Fasn is decreased in macrophages. Results suggest that Eif6 deficiency may decrease atherosclerosis through inhibition of Fasn and lipids metabolism in macrophages.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yang Chen
- College of Life Sciences Xuzhou Medical University Xuzhou China
| | - Zhenzhen Wang
- Cancer Institute Xuzhou Medical University Xuzhou China
| | - Xuemei Xian
- College of Life Sciences Xuzhou Medical University Xuzhou China
| | - Yun Zhuang
- College of Life Sciences Xuzhou Medical University Xuzhou China
| | - Jiajia Chang
- College of Life Sciences Xuzhou Medical University Xuzhou China
| | - Xiaoqiang Zhan
- College of Life Sciences Xuzhou Medical University Xuzhou China
| | - Xufeng Han
- College of Life Sciences Xuzhou Medical University Xuzhou China
| | - Quangang Chen
- College of Life Sciences Xuzhou Medical University Xuzhou China
| | - Zhangping Yang
- Jiangsu Key Laboratory of Animal genetic Breeding and Molecular Design Yangzhou University Yangzhou China
| | - Renjin Chen
- College of Life Sciences Xuzhou Medical University Xuzhou China
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220
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Liu Z, Zhou Y, Xia J. CircRNAs: Key molecules in the prevention and treatment of ischemic stroke. Biomed Pharmacother 2022; 156:113845. [DOI: 10.1016/j.biopha.2022.113845] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/23/2022] [Revised: 09/30/2022] [Accepted: 10/06/2022] [Indexed: 11/25/2022] Open
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221
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Zhang WB, Qi YF, Xiao ZX, Chen H, Liu SH, Li ZZ, Zeng ZF, Wu HF. CircHIPK3 Regulates Vascular Smooth Muscle Cell Calcification Via the miR-106a-5p/MFN2 Axis. J Cardiovasc Transl Res 2022; 15:1315-1326. [PMID: 35467292 DOI: 10.1007/s12265-022-10247-8] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/16/2021] [Accepted: 03/24/2022] [Indexed: 02/06/2023]
Abstract
Atherosclerosis is the most common arterial disease and is closely related to vascular calcification. CircHIPK3 has been implicated in atherosclerosis development, but the possible downstream regulatory mechanisms remain unclear. The levels of circHIPK3, miR-106a and MFN2 in tissues and blood samples of patients with atherosclerosis were detected by RT-qPCR. The levels of circHIPK3, miR-106a and MFN2 were detected by RT-qPCR and the expression levels of MFN2, osteogenic and cartilage differentiation marker proteins were detected by western blot in vitro. ALP staining, Alizarin Red staining, and calcium content detection evaluated the degree of osteogenic differentiation of cells. Alcian blue staining detected the level of cell cartilage differentiation. Luciferase detected the targeting relationship between circHIPK3 and miR-106a-5p, as well as miR-106a-5p and MFN2. CircHIPK3 and MFN2 were low expressed and miR-106a-5p was highly expressed in tissues and blood samples of patients with atherosclerosis, as well as vascular smooth muscle cell (VSMC) with osteogenic and cartilage differentiation. Overexpression of circHIPK3 reduced the cell mineralization and calcium content. Overexpression of circHIPK3 inhibited osteogenic differentiation by decreasing ALP activity, RUNX2, and OPG expression, and increasing SM22α and SMA level. What's more, overexpression of circHIPK3 decreased the chondrogenic differentiation by inhibiting the protein level of SOX9, aggrecan, and collagen II. CircHIPK3 targeted miR-106a-5p and miR-106a-5p targeted MFN2. MiR-106a-5p overexpression or MFN2 depletion repressed the effect of circHIPK3 overexpression on VSMC calcification. CircHIPK3 regulated osteogenic and cartilage differentiation of VSMC via miR-106a-5p/MFN2 axis, indicating a target for treating vascular calcification.
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Affiliation(s)
- Wen-Bo Zhang
- Department of Vascular Surgery, Hainan General Hospital, Hainan Affiliated Hospital of Hainan Medical University, No.19, Xiuhua Road, Haikou, 570311, Hainan Province, People's Republic of China.
| | - You-Fei Qi
- Department of Vascular Surgery, Hainan General Hospital, Hainan Affiliated Hospital of Hainan Medical University, No.19, Xiuhua Road, Haikou, 570311, Hainan Province, People's Republic of China
| | - Zhan-Xiang Xiao
- Department of Vascular Surgery, Hainan General Hospital, Hainan Affiliated Hospital of Hainan Medical University, No.19, Xiuhua Road, Haikou, 570311, Hainan Province, People's Republic of China
| | - Hao Chen
- Department of Vascular Surgery, Hainan General Hospital, Hainan Affiliated Hospital of Hainan Medical University, No.19, Xiuhua Road, Haikou, 570311, Hainan Province, People's Republic of China
| | - Sa-Hua Liu
- Department of Vascular Surgery, Hainan General Hospital, Hainan Affiliated Hospital of Hainan Medical University, No.19, Xiuhua Road, Haikou, 570311, Hainan Province, People's Republic of China
| | - Zhen-Zhen Li
- Department of Vascular Surgery, Hainan General Hospital, Hainan Affiliated Hospital of Hainan Medical University, No.19, Xiuhua Road, Haikou, 570311, Hainan Province, People's Republic of China
| | - Zhao-Fan Zeng
- Department of Vascular Surgery, Hainan General Hospital, Hainan Affiliated Hospital of Hainan Medical University, No.19, Xiuhua Road, Haikou, 570311, Hainan Province, People's Republic of China
| | - Hong-Fei Wu
- Department of Vascular Surgery, Hainan General Hospital, Hainan Affiliated Hospital of Hainan Medical University, No.19, Xiuhua Road, Haikou, 570311, Hainan Province, People's Republic of China
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Oral Administration of Branched-Chain Amino Acids Attenuates Atherosclerosis by Inhibiting the Inflammatory Response and Regulating the Gut Microbiota in ApoE-Deficient Mice. Nutrients 2022; 14:nu14235065. [PMID: 36501095 PMCID: PMC9739883 DOI: 10.3390/nu14235065] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/04/2022] [Revised: 11/25/2022] [Accepted: 11/25/2022] [Indexed: 11/30/2022] Open
Abstract
Atherosclerosis (AS) is a chronic inflammatory disease that serves as a common pathogenic underpinning for various cardiovascular diseases. Although high circulating branched-chain amino acid (BCAA) levels may represent a risk factor for AS, it is unclear whether dietary BCAA supplementation causes elevated levels of circulating BCAAs and hence influences AS, and the related mechanisms are not well understood. Here, ApoE-deficient mice (ApoE-/-) were fed a diet supplemented with or without BCAAs to investigate the effects of BCAAs on AS and determine potential related mechanisms. In this study, compared with the high-fat diet (HFD), high-fat diet supplemented with BCAAs (HFB) reduced the atherosclerotic lesion area and caused a significant decrease in serum cholesterol (TC) and low-density lipoprotein cholesterol (LDL-C) levels. BCAA supplementation suppressed the systemic inflammatory response by reducing macrophage infiltration; lowering serum levels of inflammatory factors, including monocyte chemoattractant protein-1 (MCP-1), tumor necrosis factor-α (TNF-α), interleukin-1β (IL-1β) and interleukin-6 (IL-6); and suppressing inflammatory related signaling pathways. Furthermore, BCAA supplementation altered the gut bacterial beta diversity and composition, especially reducing harmful bacteria and increasing probiotic bacteria, along with increasing bile acid (BA) excretion. In addition, the levels of total BAs, primary BAs, 12α-hydroxylated bile acids (12α-OH BAs) and non-12α-hydroxylated bile acids (non-12α-OH BAs) in cecal and colonic contents were increased in the HFB group of mice compared with the HFD group. Overall, these data indicate that dietary BCAA supplementation can attenuate atherosclerosis induced by HFD in ApoE-/- mice through improved dyslipidemia and inflammation, mechanisms involving the intestinal microbiota, and promotion of BA excretion.
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Ebrahimi-Nozari T, Imani R, Haghbin-Nazarpak M, Nouri A. Multimodal effects of asymmetric coating of coronary stents by electrospinning and electrophoretic deposition. Int J Pharm 2022; 630:122437. [PMID: 36435505 DOI: 10.1016/j.ijpharm.2022.122437] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/13/2022] [Revised: 11/08/2022] [Accepted: 11/20/2022] [Indexed: 11/27/2022]
Abstract
Drug-eluting stents (DESs) are drug-coated vascular implants that inhibit smooth muscle cell proliferation and limit in-stent re-stenosis. However, traditional DESs release a single drug into the blood and cannot cope with complex mechanisms in atherosclerosis and body responses. The present study aimed to develop a novel multimodal stent by fabricating asymmetric coating with electrophoretic deposition and electrospinning. Herein, we use heparin-loaded alginate (Hep/Alg) and atorvastatin calcium-loaded polyurethane (AtvCa/PU) coatings on the stent luminal and abluminal surfaces, respectively. Scanning electron microscopy (SEM) micrographs showed that the alginate coatings had uniformity and thin thickness. Meanwhile, the PU fibers were formed without beads, with an acceptable diameter and suitable mechanical properties. PU nanofiber revealed minimal degradation in a 1-month study. The release of AtvCa and Hep continued for 8 days without a significant initial burst release. None of the stent coatings were cytotoxic or hemolytic, and PU nanofibers supported the survival of human umbilical endothelial cells (HUVEC) with high adhesion and flattened morphologies. The results indicate that electrophoretic deposition and electrospinning have significant potential for achieving asymmetric coating on stents and a promising approach for dual drug release for multimodal effects in vascular stent applications.
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Affiliation(s)
- Tahoura Ebrahimi-Nozari
- Biomedical Engineering Department, Amirkabir University of Technology, (Tehran Polytechnic), Tehran, Iran
| | - Rana Imani
- Biomedical Engineering Department, Amirkabir University of Technology, (Tehran Polytechnic), Tehran, Iran.
| | - Masoumeh Haghbin-Nazarpak
- New Technologies Research Center (NTRC), Amirkabir University of Technology (Tehran Polytechnic), Tehran, Iran.
| | - Alireza Nouri
- Biomedical Engineering Department, Amirkabir University of Technology, (Tehran Polytechnic), Tehran, Iran
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224
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Iaquinta FS, Grosso R, Di Napoli S, Cassano V, Naty S, Armentaro G, Massimino M, Condoleo V, Barbara K, Crescibene D, Caroleo B, Miceli S, Sciacqua A, Grembiale RD. Decreased Pulse Wave Velocity in a Systemic Sclerosis Population: Preliminary Results from a Cross-Sectional Study. J Pers Med 2022; 12:jpm12121952. [PMID: 36556173 PMCID: PMC9787664 DOI: 10.3390/jpm12121952] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/28/2022] [Revised: 11/17/2022] [Accepted: 11/22/2022] [Indexed: 11/27/2022] Open
Abstract
Systemic Sclerosis (SSc) is an autoimmune disorder characterized by organ and tissue fibrosis in which the incidence of atherosclerosis and cardiovascular events is increased, although the exact underlying mechanism remains unclear. Arterial stiffness is a marker of vascular damage that can predict cardiovascular events; therefore, this study aimed to assess the augmentation index (AIx) and pulse wave velocity (PWV), markers of stiffness, in a Systemic Sclerosis population and to detect potentially associated variables. Fourteen female Systemic Sclerosis patients and 14 age- and sex-matched controls were enrolled. Demographic, anthropometric, sero-hematological parameters and disease characteristics were collected for each participant. Arterial stiffness was evaluated using an applanation tonometry system. No differences were found between groups, except for BMI, fasting blood glucose, red blood cells count, hemoglobin, and treatment. Patients had increased augmentation index than the controls (p = 0.008). PWV was significantly decreased in SSc patients compared with the controls (p = 0.007). PWV was correlated with age (r = 0.462; p = 0.048) and BMI (r = 0.458; p = 0.050). Finally, patients with no specific auto-antibody pattern had greater AIx than those expressing anticentromere antibodies. Our study demonstrated that SSc patients had greater AIx, but lower PWV than the controls. In addition, few variables were correlated to arterial stiffness. Further studies are necessary to validate these findings and to establish medication's role in modifying cardiovascular risk.
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Affiliation(s)
- Francesco Salvatore Iaquinta
- Department of Health Sciences, “Magna Græcia” University of Catanzaro, 88100 Catanzaro, Italy
- Correspondence: (F.S.I.); (R.D.G.)
| | - Roberta Grosso
- Department of Health Sciences, “Magna Græcia” University of Catanzaro, 88100 Catanzaro, Italy
| | - Stefania Di Napoli
- Department of Health Sciences, “Magna Græcia” University of Catanzaro, 88100 Catanzaro, Italy
| | - Velia Cassano
- Department of Medical and Surgical Sciences, “Magna Græcia” University of Catanzaro, 88100 Catanzaro, Italy
| | - Saverio Naty
- Department of Health Sciences, “Magna Græcia” University of Catanzaro, 88100 Catanzaro, Italy
| | - Giuseppe Armentaro
- Department of Medical and Surgical Sciences, “Magna Græcia” University of Catanzaro, 88100 Catanzaro, Italy
| | - Mattia Massimino
- Department of Medical and Surgical Sciences, “Magna Græcia” University of Catanzaro, 88100 Catanzaro, Italy
| | - Valentino Condoleo
- Department of Medical and Surgical Sciences, “Magna Græcia” University of Catanzaro, 88100 Catanzaro, Italy
| | - Keti Barbara
- Department of Medical and Surgical Sciences, “Magna Græcia” University of Catanzaro, 88100 Catanzaro, Italy
| | - Daniele Crescibene
- Department of Medical and Surgical Sciences, “Magna Græcia” University of Catanzaro, 88100 Catanzaro, Italy
| | - Benedetto Caroleo
- Department of Medical and Surgical Sciences, “Magna Græcia” University of Catanzaro, 88100 Catanzaro, Italy
| | - Sofia Miceli
- Department of Medical and Surgical Sciences, “Magna Græcia” University of Catanzaro, 88100 Catanzaro, Italy
| | - Angela Sciacqua
- Department of Medical and Surgical Sciences, “Magna Græcia” University of Catanzaro, 88100 Catanzaro, Italy
| | - Rosa Daniela Grembiale
- Department of Health Sciences, “Magna Græcia” University of Catanzaro, 88100 Catanzaro, Italy
- Correspondence: (F.S.I.); (R.D.G.)
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225
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Ben Ammar R, Mohamed ME, Alfwuaires M, Abdulaziz Alamer S, Bani Ismail M, Veeraraghavan VP, Sekar AK, Ksouri R, Rajendran P. Anti-Inflammatory Activity of Geraniol Isolated from Lemon Grass on Ox-LDL-Stimulated Endothelial Cells by Upregulation of Heme Oxygenase-1 via PI3K/Akt and Nrf-2 Signaling Pathways. Nutrients 2022; 14:4817. [PMID: 36432506 PMCID: PMC9695721 DOI: 10.3390/nu14224817] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/12/2022] [Revised: 11/06/2022] [Accepted: 11/11/2022] [Indexed: 11/16/2022] Open
Abstract
Among the world's leading causes of cardiovascular disease, atherosclerosis is a chronic inflammatory disorder that affects the arteries. Both vasodilation and vasoconstriction, low levels of nitric oxide and high levels of reactive oxygen species and pro-inflammatory factors characterize dysfunctional blood vessels. Hypertension, and atherosclerosis, all start with this dysfunction. Geraniol, a compound of acyclic monoterpene alcohol, found in plants such as geranium, lemongrass and rose, is a primary constituent of essential oils. It shows a variety of pharmacological properties. This study aimed to investigate the impact of geraniol on Ox-LDL-induced stress and inflammation in human umbilical vein endothelial cells. In this study, HUVECs were treated with Ox-LDL or geraniol at different dose concentrations. MTT assay, Western blot, ROS generation and DNA fragmentation were used to evaluate geraniol's effects on Ox-LDL-induced HUVECs inflammation. The results show that geraniol pre-incubation ameliorates Ox-LDL-mediated HUVECs cytotoxicity and DNA fragmentation. The geraniol inhibited the production of pro-inflammatory cytokines by Ox-LDL, including TNF-α, IL-6 and IL-1β. In Ox-LDL-stimulated HUVECs, geraniol suppresses the nuclear translocation and activity of NF-ᴋB as well as phosphorylation of IkBα. Moreover, geraniol activated the PI3K/AKT/NRF2 pathway in HUVECs, resulting in an increase in the expression of HO-1. Taking our data together, we can conclude that, in HUVECs, geraniol inhibits Ox-LDL-induced inflammation and oxidative stress by targeting PI3/AKT/NRF2.
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Affiliation(s)
- Rebai Ben Ammar
- Department of Biological Sciences, College of Science, King Faisal University, Al-Ahsa 31982, Saudi Arabia
- Laboratory of Aromatic and Medicinal Plants, Center of Biotechnology of Borj-Cedria, Technopole of Borj-Cedria, P.O. Box 901, Hammam-Lif 2050, Tunisia
| | - Maged Elsayed Mohamed
- Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences, College of Clinical Pharmacy, King Faisal University, Al-Ahsa 31982, Saudi Arabia
- Department of Pharmacognosy, Faculty of Pharmacy, University of Zagazig, Zagazig 44519, Egypt
| | - Manal Alfwuaires
- Department of Biological Sciences, College of Science, King Faisal University, Al-Ahsa 31982, Saudi Arabia
| | - Sarah Abdulaziz Alamer
- Department of Biological Sciences, College of Science, King Faisal University, Al-Ahsa 31982, Saudi Arabia
| | - Mohammad Bani Ismail
- Department of Basic Medical Sciences, School of Medicine, Aqaba Medical Sciences University, Aqaba 11191, Jordan
| | - Vishnu Priya Veeraraghavan
- Centre of Molecular Medicine and Diagnostics (COMManD), Department of Biochemistry, Saveetha Dental College & Hospitals, Saveetha Institute of Medical and Technical Sciences, Saveetha University, Chennai 600077, Tamil Nadu, India
| | - Ashok Kumar Sekar
- Centre for Biotechnology, Anna University, Chennai 600025, Tamil Nadu, India
| | - Riadh Ksouri
- Laboratory of Aromatic and Medicinal Plants, Center of Biotechnology of Borj-Cedria, Technopole of Borj-Cedria, P.O. Box 901, Hammam-Lif 2050, Tunisia
| | - Peramaiyan Rajendran
- Department of Biological Sciences, College of Science, King Faisal University, Al-Ahsa 31982, Saudi Arabia
- Centre of Molecular Medicine and Diagnostics (COMManD), Department of Biochemistry, Saveetha Dental College & Hospitals, Saveetha Institute of Medical and Technical Sciences, Saveetha University, Chennai 600077, Tamil Nadu, India
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Men J, Wang W, Zhao J, Wen J, Hao Q, Li S, Zou S. Effectiveness of exercise in reducing cerebral stroke risk factors: A systematic review and meta-analysis. Medicine (Baltimore) 2022; 101:e31861. [PMID: 36397439 PMCID: PMC9666154 DOI: 10.1097/md.0000000000031861] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/24/2022] [Accepted: 10/26/2022] [Indexed: 11/19/2022] Open
Abstract
OBJECTIVES This study aimed to explore the relationship between exercise and cerebral stroke and provide evidence for the prevention of cerebral stroke. MATERIALS/METHODS All clinical trials of exercise intervention for atherosclerosis were systematically reviewed. Five major databases were searched to retrieve relevant studies from their inception to May 2022. According to the magnitude of heterogeneity, the random and fixed-effect models were used to test reasonably. RESULTS According to the inclusion and exclusion criteria, 1341 articles were screened and 13 articles involving 825 patients were identified. The result showed that in the randomized controlled trials carotid intima-media thickness index was lower in the exercise group (-0.04 mm, 95% confidence interval: -0.07 to -0.01). All were statistically significant (P < .005) and subgroup analysis showed that the intervention period and paper quality are sources of heterogeneity. CONCLUSIONS The results of this systematic review suggest that exercise is associated with a slow increase in carotid intima-media thickness, which may provide evidence that exercise helps reduce cerebral stroke.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jie Men
- Department of Medical Laboratory Science, Fengyang College, Shanxi Medical University, Shanxi, China
| | - Wenjuan Wang
- Department of Medical Laboratory Science, Fengyang College, Shanxi Medical University, Shanxi, China
| | - Jian Zhao
- Department of Medical Laboratory Science, Fengyang College, Shanxi Medical University, Shanxi, China
| | - Jie Wen
- Department of Medical Laboratory Science, Fengyang College, Shanxi Medical University, Shanxi, China
| | - Qingqing Hao
- Department of Medical Laboratory Science, Fengyang College, Shanxi Medical University, Shanxi, China
| | - Shufeng Li
- Department of Medical Laboratory Science, Fengyang College, Shanxi Medical University, Shanxi, China
| | - Shuangling Zou
- Department of Medical Laboratory Science, Fengyang College, Shanxi Medical University, Shanxi, China
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227
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Li J, Du Y, Cai C, Liu F. Effectiveness and safety of treating carotid atherosclerotic plaques with the method of nourishing qi, promoting blood circulation and expelling phlegm: A systematic review and meta-analysis. Front Pharmacol 2022; 13:1059737. [PMID: 36438842 PMCID: PMC9682067 DOI: 10.3389/fphar.2022.1059737] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/02/2022] [Accepted: 10/21/2022] [Indexed: 11/11/2022] Open
Abstract
Objectives: This meta-analysis aimed at evaluating the effectiveness and safety of Chinese medicine (TCM), which nourished qi, promoted blood circulation, and expelled phlegm (YQHXZT), in treating carotid atherosclerosis (CAS) from an immunological perspective. Background: The incidence of CAS has been increasing and tends to be younger. Although western medicine is effective, there are some limitations. TCM has certain advantages over the multichannel and multitarget treatment strategies in slowing down the process of CAS. However, there is no comprehensive review in this field. Methods: Nine databases were searched from January, 2012, to September, 2022. After applying the inclusion and exclusion criteria to the RCTs, research quality evaluation and data extraction were conducted, and a meta-analysis of the articles was performed. The GRADE was used to assess the quality of the evidence. Results: Fourteen RCTs involving 1,191 patients were identified. The results indicated that the experimental group was more effective in improving carotid intima-media thickness (CIMT)[SMD = −0.97, 95%CI(−.30,−0.65), p < 0.00001], reducing carotid plaque area [SMD = −1.98, 95%CI(−3.06,−0.89), p = 0.0003], lowering hs-CRP [SMD = −1.33, 95%CI(−1.59,-1.06), p < 0.00001] and LDL-C levels [SMD = −0.60, 95%CI(−0.83,-0.38), p < 0.00001]. Moreover, the experimental group was superior to peak systolic blood flow velocity (PSV) [SMD = −0.37, 95%CI(−0.59,−0.16), p = 0.0007], clinical efficacy [RR = 1.64, 95% CI (1.39, 1.94), p < 0.00001] and plaque area efficacy [RR = 1.36, 95% CI (1.22, 1.52), p < 0.0001]. The adverse reactions were not statistically significant in the two groups [RD = -0.01, 95% CI (-0.04.0.01), p = 0.17]. The results of grade evaluation suggested that the outcome indicators LDL-C, hs-CRP, plaque area efficacy, PSV, and adverse events were moderate. CIMT, plaque reduction area, and TCM clinical efficacy were low-quality. Conclusion: The combination of YQHXZT can alleviate the process of CAS by inhibiting the thickening of CIMT, reducing plaque area and lowering hs-CRP and LDL-C levels. The mechanism may possibly be related to reducing lipid deposition and inhibiting the inflammatory response. Besides, the combination did not increase the risk of adverse effects. However, more well-designed RCTs are needed in the future. Systematic review registration: CRD42022360529, https://www.crd.york.ac.uk/prospero/
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228
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Shi L, Li Y, Xu X, Cheng Y, Meng B, Xu J, Xiang L, Zhang J, He K, Tong J, Zhang J, Xiang L, Xiang G. Brown adipose tissue-derived Nrg4 alleviates endothelial inflammation and atherosclerosis in male mice. Nat Metab 2022; 4:1573-1590. [PMID: 36400933 PMCID: PMC9684073 DOI: 10.1038/s42255-022-00671-0] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/05/2022] [Accepted: 09/30/2022] [Indexed: 11/21/2022]
Abstract
Brown adipose tissue (BAT) activity contributes to cardiovascular health by its energy-dissipating capacity but how BAT modulates vascular function and atherosclerosis through endocrine mechanisms remains poorly understood. Here we show that BAT-derived neuregulin-4 (Nrg4) ameliorates atherosclerosis in mice. BAT-specific Nrg4 deficiency accelerates vascular inflammation and adhesion responses, endothelial dysfunction and apoptosis and atherosclerosis in male mice. BAT-specific Nrg4 restoration alleviates vascular inflammation and adhesion responses, attenuates leukocyte homing and reduces endothelial injury and atherosclerosis in male mice. In endothelial cells, Nrg4 decreases apoptosis, inflammation and adhesion responses induced by oxidized low-density lipoprotein. Mechanistically, protein kinase B (Akt)-nuclear factor-κB signaling is involved in the beneficial effects of Nrg4 on the endothelium. Taken together, the results reveal Nrg4 as a potential cross-talk factor between BAT and arteries that may serve as a target for atherosclerosis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Lingfeng Shi
- Department of Endocrinology, General Hospital of Central Theater Command, Wuhan, China
- The First School of Clinical Medicine, Southern Medical University, Guangzhou, China
- Endocrinology Department, The First Affiliated Hospital of the Army Medical University (Third Military Medical University), Chongqing, China
| | - Yixiang Li
- Department of Hematology and Medical Oncology, School of Medicine, Emory University, Atlanta, GA, USA
| | - Xiaoli Xu
- Department of Endocrinology, General Hospital of Central Theater Command, Wuhan, China
| | - Yangyang Cheng
- Department of Endocrinology, General Hospital of Central Theater Command, Wuhan, China
| | - Biying Meng
- Department of Endocrinology, General Hospital of Central Theater Command, Wuhan, China
| | - Jinling Xu
- The First School of Clinical Medicine, Southern Medical University, Guangzhou, China
| | - Lin Xiang
- Department of Endocrinology, General Hospital of Central Theater Command, Wuhan, China
| | - Jiajia Zhang
- Department of Endocrinology, General Hospital of Central Theater Command, Wuhan, China
| | - Kaiyue He
- The First School of Clinical Medicine, Southern Medical University, Guangzhou, China
| | - Jiayue Tong
- The First School of Clinical Medicine, Southern Medical University, Guangzhou, China
| | - Junxia Zhang
- Department of Endocrinology, General Hospital of Central Theater Command, Wuhan, China.
| | - Lingwei Xiang
- Centers for Surgery and Public Health, Brigham and Women's Hospital, Boston, MA, USA.
| | - Guangda Xiang
- Department of Endocrinology, General Hospital of Central Theater Command, Wuhan, China.
- The First School of Clinical Medicine, Southern Medical University, Guangzhou, China.
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229
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Fu X, Yu X, Jiang J, Yang J, Chen L, Yang Z, Yu C. Small molecule-assisted assembly of multifunctional ceria nanozymes for synergistic treatment of atherosclerosis. Nat Commun 2022; 13:6528. [PMID: 36319632 PMCID: PMC9626479 DOI: 10.1038/s41467-022-34248-y] [Citation(s) in RCA: 28] [Impact Index Per Article: 14.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/07/2021] [Accepted: 10/18/2022] [Indexed: 11/23/2022] Open
Abstract
Considering that intravascular reactive oxygen species (ROS) and inflammation are two characteristic features of the atherosclerotic microenvironment, developing an appropriate strategy to treat atherosclerosis by synergistically regulating ROS and inflammation has attracted widespread attention. Herein, a special molecule, zoledronic acid, containing imidazole and bisphosphonate groups, was selected for the first time to assist the assembly of cerium ions and produce functionalized ceria-zoledronic acid nanocomposites (CZ NCs). It not only serves as a new carrier for different kinds of drugs (e.g. probucol, PB) but also exerts an efficient multienzyme activity to achieve collaborative therapy. More importantly, platelet membrane-coated biomimetic nanoplatform (PCZ@PB NCs) specifically accumulate at inflammatory atherosclerotic lesions, synergistically regulate ROS levels and inflammation, and efficiently inhibit foam cell formation. This novel assembly method can also be applied in the treatment of many other diseases associated with oxidative stress and inflammation.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xiaoxue Fu
- grid.203458.80000 0000 8653 0555Chongqing Key Laboratory for Pharmaceutical Metabolism Research, Chongqing Pharmacodynamic Evaluation Engineering Technology Research Center, College of Pharmacy, Chongqing Medical University, 400016 Chongqing, P. R. China
| | - Xiaojuan Yu
- grid.203458.80000 0000 8653 0555Chongqing Key Laboratory for Pharmaceutical Metabolism Research, Chongqing Pharmacodynamic Evaluation Engineering Technology Research Center, College of Pharmacy, Chongqing Medical University, 400016 Chongqing, P. R. China
| | - Junhao Jiang
- grid.203458.80000 0000 8653 0555Chongqing Key Laboratory for Pharmaceutical Metabolism Research, Chongqing Pharmacodynamic Evaluation Engineering Technology Research Center, College of Pharmacy, Chongqing Medical University, 400016 Chongqing, P. R. China
| | - Jiaxin Yang
- grid.203458.80000 0000 8653 0555Chongqing Key Laboratory for Pharmaceutical Metabolism Research, Chongqing Pharmacodynamic Evaluation Engineering Technology Research Center, College of Pharmacy, Chongqing Medical University, 400016 Chongqing, P. R. China
| | - Lu Chen
- grid.203458.80000 0000 8653 0555Chongqing Key Laboratory for Pharmaceutical Metabolism Research, Chongqing Pharmacodynamic Evaluation Engineering Technology Research Center, College of Pharmacy, Chongqing Medical University, 400016 Chongqing, P. R. China
| | - Zhangyou Yang
- grid.203458.80000 0000 8653 0555Chongqing Key Laboratory for Pharmaceutical Metabolism Research, Chongqing Pharmacodynamic Evaluation Engineering Technology Research Center, College of Pharmacy, Chongqing Medical University, 400016 Chongqing, P. R. China
| | - Chao Yu
- grid.203458.80000 0000 8653 0555Chongqing Key Laboratory for Pharmaceutical Metabolism Research, Chongqing Pharmacodynamic Evaluation Engineering Technology Research Center, College of Pharmacy, Chongqing Medical University, 400016 Chongqing, P. R. China
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Long Y, Li D, Yu S, Zhang YL, Liu SY, Wan JY, Shi A, Deng J, Wen J, Li XQ, Ma Y, Li N, Yang M. Natural essential oils: A promising strategy for treating cardio-cerebrovascular diseases. JOURNAL OF ETHNOPHARMACOLOGY 2022; 297:115421. [PMID: 35659628 DOI: 10.1016/j.jep.2022.115421] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/23/2022] [Revised: 05/26/2022] [Accepted: 05/27/2022] [Indexed: 06/15/2023]
Abstract
ETHNOPHARMACOLOGICAL RELEVANCE Essential oils (EO) are volatile compounds obtained from different parts of natural plants, and have been used in national, traditional and folk medicine to treat various health problems all over the world. Records indicate that in history, herbal medicines rich in EO have been widely used for the treatment of CVDs in many countries, such as China. AIM OF THE STUDY This review focused on the traditional application and modern pharmacological mechanisms of herbal medicine EO against CVDs in preclinical and clinical trials through multi-targets synergy. Besides, the EO and anti-CVDs drugs were compared, and the broad application of EO was explained from the properties of drugs and aromatic administration routes. MATERIALS AND METHODS Information about EO and CVDs was collected from electronic databases such as Web of Science, ScienceDirect, PubMed, and China National Knowledge Infrastructure (CNKI). The obtained data sets were sequentially arranged for better understanding of EO' potential. RESULTS The study showed that EO had significant application in CVDs at different countries or regions since ancient times. Aiming at the complex pathological mechanisms of CVDs, including intracellular calcium overload, oxidative stress, inflammation, vascular endothelial cell injury and dysfunction and dyslipidemia, we summarized the roles of EO on CVDs in preclinical and clinical through multi-targets intervention. Besides, EO had the dual properties of drug and excipients. And aromatherapy was one of the complementary therapies to improve CVDs. CONCLUSIONS This paper reviewed the EO on traditional treatment, preclinical mechanism and clinical application of CVDs. As important sources of traditional medicines, EO' remarkable efficacy had been confirmed in comprehensive literature reports, which showed that EO had great medicinal potential.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yu Long
- State Key Laboratory of Southwestern Chinese Medicine Resources, School of Pharmacy, Chengdu University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Chengdu, China
| | - Dan Li
- State Key Laboratory of Southwestern Chinese Medicine Resources, School of Pharmacy, Chengdu University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Chengdu, China
| | - Shuang Yu
- State Key Laboratory of Southwestern Chinese Medicine Resources, School of Pharmacy, Chengdu University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Chengdu, China
| | - Yu-Lu Zhang
- State Key Laboratory of Southwestern Chinese Medicine Resources, School of Pharmacy, Chengdu University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Chengdu, China
| | - Song-Yu Liu
- State Key Laboratory of Southwestern Chinese Medicine Resources, School of Pharmacy, Chengdu University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Chengdu, China
| | - Jin-Yan Wan
- State Key Laboratory of Southwestern Chinese Medicine Resources, School of Pharmacy, Chengdu University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Chengdu, China
| | - Ai Shi
- State Key Laboratory of Southwestern Chinese Medicine Resources, School of Pharmacy, Chengdu University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Chengdu, China
| | - Jie Deng
- State Key Laboratory of Southwestern Chinese Medicine Resources, School of Pharmacy, Chengdu University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Chengdu, China
| | - Jing Wen
- State Key Laboratory of Southwestern Chinese Medicine Resources, School of Pharmacy, Chengdu University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Chengdu, China
| | - Xiao-Qiu Li
- State Key Laboratory of Southwestern Chinese Medicine Resources, School of Pharmacy, Chengdu University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Chengdu, China
| | - Ying Ma
- State Key Laboratory of Southwestern Chinese Medicine Resources, School of Pharmacy, Chengdu University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Chengdu, China
| | - Nan Li
- State Key Laboratory of Southwestern Chinese Medicine Resources, School of Pharmacy, Chengdu University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Chengdu, China.
| | - Ming Yang
- Key Laboratory of Modern Preparation of TCM, Jiangxi University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Nanchang, China.
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231
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Shear-Induced ITGB4 Promotes Endothelial Cell Inflammation and Atherosclerosis. OXIDATIVE MEDICINE AND CELLULAR LONGEVITY 2022; 2022:5842677. [PMID: 36329801 PMCID: PMC9626222 DOI: 10.1155/2022/5842677] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/24/2022] [Revised: 07/30/2022] [Accepted: 09/29/2022] [Indexed: 11/30/2022]
Abstract
The local heterogeneity in the distribution of atherosclerotic lesions is caused by local flow patterns. The integrin family plays crucial regulatory roles in diverse biological processes, but knowledge of integrin β4 (ITGB4) in shear stress-induced atherosclerosis is limited. This study clarified that low shear stress (LSS) regulates the generation of ITGB4 in endothelial cells with atheroprone phenotype to identify ITGB4's role in atherosclerosis. We found that LSS led to an increase in ITGB4 protein expression both in vitro and in vivo. ITGB4 knockdown attenuated inflammation and ROS generation in human umbilical vein endothelial cells (HUVECs) and reduced atherosclerotic lesion areas in ApoE−/− mice fed with HFD, largely independent of effects on the lipid profile. Mechanistically, ITGB4 knockdown altered the phosphorylation levels of SRC, FAK, and NFκB in HUVECs under LSS conditions. In addition, the knockdown of NFκB inhibited the production of ITGB4 and SRC phosphorylation, and the knockdown of SRC downregulated ITGB4 protein expression and NFκB activation. These data demonstrate a critical role of ITGB4 in atherosclerosis via modulation of endothelial cell inflammation, and ITGB4/SRC/NFκB might form a positive feedback loop in the regulation of endothelial cell inflammation.
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232
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Zhai T, Ren W, Wang P, Hu X, Wang J, Zheng L. 4′-phosphopantetheine acts as a potential antioxidant to limit atherosclerotic plaque formation by inhibiting ROS generation. Front Physiol 2022; 13:989105. [PMID: 36338497 PMCID: PMC9634529 DOI: 10.3389/fphys.2022.989105] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/08/2022] [Accepted: 10/04/2022] [Indexed: 11/15/2022] Open
Abstract
Coronary heart disease (CHD) is caused by coronary atherosclerosis and has a high morbidity and mortality rate worldwide. There are challenges in both early screening and treatment of CHD. The appearance and development of CHD is a complex metabolic disorder process. Therefore, to search for new biomarkers of CHD, we analyzed the peripheral blood metabolome in patients with CHD. In the study, a plasma metabolite, 4′-Phosphopantetheine (4-PPanSH), which was discovered by HPLC-MS/MS, as peripheral blood 4-PPanSH decreases, the degree of coronary blockage gradually aggravates. In addition, the 4-PPanSH supplement limited atherosclerotic plaque formation and endothelial injury in mice. Further, in vascular endothelial cells, 4-PPanSH effectively inhibited ROS generation and ox-LDL accumulation. In summary, 4-PPanSH was associated with the degree of coronary stenosis, and the 4-PPanSH supplement reduced atherosclerotic plaque generation, which could be associated with 4-PPanSH acting as a potent antioxidant that inhibits ROS generation and alleviates vascular endothelial injury.
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Affiliation(s)
- Taiyu Zhai
- Department of Laboratory Medicine, Nanfang Hospital, Southern Medical University, Guangzhou, China
| | - Wenbo Ren
- Department of Clinical Laboratory, The First Hospital of Jilin University, Jilin University, Changchun, China
| | - Pingping Wang
- Department of Laboratory Medicine, Nanfang Hospital, Southern Medical University, Guangzhou, China
| | - Xiumei Hu
- Department of Laboratory Medicine, Nanfang Hospital, Southern Medical University, Guangzhou, China
| | - Jingyu Wang
- Department of Laboratory Medicine, Nanfang Hospital, Southern Medical University, Guangzhou, China
| | - Lei Zheng
- Department of Laboratory Medicine, Nanfang Hospital, Southern Medical University, Guangzhou, China
- *Correspondence: Lei Zheng,
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233
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Li Q, Wang M, Zhang S, Jin M, Chen R, Luo Y, Sun X. Single-cell RNA sequencing in atherosclerosis: Mechanism and precision medicine. Front Pharmacol 2022; 13:977490. [PMID: 36267275 PMCID: PMC9576927 DOI: 10.3389/fphar.2022.977490] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/24/2022] [Accepted: 08/24/2022] [Indexed: 11/13/2022] Open
Abstract
Atherosclerosis is the pathological basis of various vascular diseases, including those with high mortality, such as myocardial infarction and stroke. However, its pathogenesis is complex and has not been fully elucidated yet. Over the past few years, single-cell RNA sequencing (scRNA-seq) has been developed and widely used in many biological fields to reveal biological mechanisms at the cellular level and solve the problems of cellular heterogeneity that cannot be solved using bulk RNA sequencing. In this review, we briefly summarize the existing scRNA-seq technologies and focus on their application in atherosclerosis research to provide insights into the occurrence, development and treatment of atherosclerosis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Qiaoyu Li
- Institute of Medicinal Plant Development, Peking Union Medical College and Chinese Academy of Medical Science, Beijing, China
- Beijing Key Laboratory of Innovative Drug Discovery of Traditional Chinese Medicine (Natural Medicine) and Translational Medicine, Beijing, China
- Key Laboratory of Bioactive Substances and Resource Utilization of Chinese Herbal Medicine, Ministry of Education, Beijing, China
- NMPA Key Laboratory for Research and Evaluation of Pharmacovigilance, Beijing, China
| | - Mengchen Wang
- Institute of Medicinal Plant Development, Peking Union Medical College and Chinese Academy of Medical Science, Beijing, China
- Beijing Key Laboratory of Innovative Drug Discovery of Traditional Chinese Medicine (Natural Medicine) and Translational Medicine, Beijing, China
- Key Laboratory of Bioactive Substances and Resource Utilization of Chinese Herbal Medicine, Ministry of Education, Beijing, China
- NMPA Key Laboratory for Research and Evaluation of Pharmacovigilance, Beijing, China
| | - Shuxia Zhang
- Institute of Medicinal Plant Development, Peking Union Medical College and Chinese Academy of Medical Science, Beijing, China
- Beijing Key Laboratory of Innovative Drug Discovery of Traditional Chinese Medicine (Natural Medicine) and Translational Medicine, Beijing, China
- Key Laboratory of Bioactive Substances and Resource Utilization of Chinese Herbal Medicine, Ministry of Education, Beijing, China
- NMPA Key Laboratory for Research and Evaluation of Pharmacovigilance, Beijing, China
| | - Meiqi Jin
- Institute of Medicinal Plant Development, Peking Union Medical College and Chinese Academy of Medical Science, Beijing, China
- Beijing Key Laboratory of Innovative Drug Discovery of Traditional Chinese Medicine (Natural Medicine) and Translational Medicine, Beijing, China
- Key Laboratory of Bioactive Substances and Resource Utilization of Chinese Herbal Medicine, Ministry of Education, Beijing, China
- NMPA Key Laboratory for Research and Evaluation of Pharmacovigilance, Beijing, China
| | - Rongchang Chen
- Institute of Medicinal Plant Development, Peking Union Medical College and Chinese Academy of Medical Science, Beijing, China
- Beijing Key Laboratory of Innovative Drug Discovery of Traditional Chinese Medicine (Natural Medicine) and Translational Medicine, Beijing, China
- Key Laboratory of Bioactive Substances and Resource Utilization of Chinese Herbal Medicine, Ministry of Education, Beijing, China
- NMPA Key Laboratory for Research and Evaluation of Pharmacovigilance, Beijing, China
| | - Yun Luo
- Institute of Medicinal Plant Development, Peking Union Medical College and Chinese Academy of Medical Science, Beijing, China
- Beijing Key Laboratory of Innovative Drug Discovery of Traditional Chinese Medicine (Natural Medicine) and Translational Medicine, Beijing, China
- Key Laboratory of Bioactive Substances and Resource Utilization of Chinese Herbal Medicine, Ministry of Education, Beijing, China
- NMPA Key Laboratory for Research and Evaluation of Pharmacovigilance, Beijing, China
- *Correspondence: Yun Luo, ; Xiaobo Sun,
| | - Xiaobo Sun
- Institute of Medicinal Plant Development, Peking Union Medical College and Chinese Academy of Medical Science, Beijing, China
- Beijing Key Laboratory of Innovative Drug Discovery of Traditional Chinese Medicine (Natural Medicine) and Translational Medicine, Beijing, China
- Key Laboratory of Bioactive Substances and Resource Utilization of Chinese Herbal Medicine, Ministry of Education, Beijing, China
- NMPA Key Laboratory for Research and Evaluation of Pharmacovigilance, Beijing, China
- *Correspondence: Yun Luo, ; Xiaobo Sun,
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The Mechanism Study of Moxa Combustion Products on Regulating Vascular Endothelial Function in Atherosclerotic Mice. EVIDENCE-BASED COMPLEMENTARY AND ALTERNATIVE MEDICINE 2022; 2022:1303978. [PMID: 36225192 PMCID: PMC9550439 DOI: 10.1155/2022/1303978] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/13/2022] [Accepted: 07/30/2022] [Indexed: 11/06/2022]
Abstract
Objective To evaluate the anti-atherogenic effect of moxa combustion products (MCPs) and whether it is mediated through improving the vascular endothelial function in ApoE−/− mice. Methods A total of 60 male ApoE−/− mice were randomly divided into the moxa smoke (MS) group, filtered moxa smoke (FMS) group, moxa floss volatile (MFV) group, essential oil of Artemisia argyi (EOAA) group, and model group (n = 12/group), while 12 male C57BL/6 mice were used as the control group. The six groups were intervened for 20 min/day, 6 days/week. After 14 weeks of intervention, the mice were euthanized and their blood lipids were measured. The aortic roots and thoracic aortas were collected for haematoxylin and eosin (HE) or Oil Red O staining, respectively. The contents of AMPK, PI3K, Akt, and eNOS mRNA in the thoracic aortas were examined by RT-qPCR. Results The MS group and FMS group showed significantly lower plaque area percentage in the aortic roots and thoracic aortas and higher contents of AMPK-mRNA and eNOS-mRNA in the thoracic aortas compared with the model group. Conclusion MS and FMS equally suppressed the progression of atherosclerotic lesions in ApoE−/− mice. It was suggested that the particulate matter in MS may not be the key components of moxibustion.
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235
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Li M, Yun W, Wang G, Li A, Gao J, He Q. Roles and mechanisms of garlic and its extracts on atherosclerosis: A review. Front Pharmacol 2022; 13:954938. [PMID: 36263122 PMCID: PMC9574545 DOI: 10.3389/fphar.2022.954938] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/27/2022] [Accepted: 09/13/2022] [Indexed: 11/13/2022] Open
Abstract
The prevention and treatment of cardiovascular diseases (CVDs) have achieved initial results, but the number of CVDs patients will increase rapidly in the next 10 years. Atherosclerosis (AS) is a significant risk factor for CVDs. The impact of lifestyle and daily diet varies considerably between different countries and continents and has been shown to affect the development of various diseases such as diabetes and CVDs. Primary and secondary prevention using alternative supplements and methods to avoid or reduce the use of traditional pharmacological drugs have also become popular. One of the reasons for this is that pharmacological drugs with lipid-lowering, and blood pressure-lowering effects cause many side effects that may negatively impact the quality of life. Patients are now emphasizing reliance on lifestyle changes to reduce cardiovascular risks. Garlic is a medicinal and edible plant that has been used for a long time. In order to reveal garlic application in the prevention and treatment of AS, reviewing the latest domestic and international studies through searching databases. The result shows that the antiatherogenic role of garlic is eximious. And the mechanisms are mainly related to hypolipidemic, antioxidant, antithrombotic, inhibiting angiogenesis, protecting endothelial cells, anti-inflammatory, anti-apoptotic, inhibiting vascular smooth muscle proliferation, and regulating gut microbiota. The main signaling pathways involve AMPK/TLRs, Keap1/Nrf2, PI3K/AKT, PPARγ/LXRα, GEF-H1/RhoA/Rac, etc. The antiatherogenic actions and molecular mechanism of garlic were reviewed in this study to obtain a robust evidence basis for the clinical application and mechanistic study and provide a theoretical basis for further utilization of garlic.
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Affiliation(s)
- Min Li
- Department of Cardiology, Guang’anmen Hospital, China Academy of Chinese Medical Sciences, Beijing, China
| | - Wingyan Yun
- Department of Cardiology, Guang’anmen Hospital, China Academy of Chinese Medical Sciences, Beijing, China
- Clinical Department of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Beijing University of Chinese Medicine, Beijing, China
| | - Guibin Wang
- Department of Cardiology, Guang’anmen Hospital, China Academy of Chinese Medical Sciences, Beijing, China
| | - Anqi Li
- Department of Cardiology, Guang’anmen Hospital, China Academy of Chinese Medical Sciences, Beijing, China
- Clinical Department of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Beijing University of Chinese Medicine, Beijing, China
| | - Jing Gao
- Department of Cardiology, Guang’anmen Hospital, China Academy of Chinese Medical Sciences, Beijing, China
- Clinical Department of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Beijing University of Chinese Medicine, Beijing, China
| | - Qingyong He
- Department of Cardiology, Guang’anmen Hospital, China Academy of Chinese Medical Sciences, Beijing, China
- *Correspondence: Qingyong He,
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236
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Bhale AS, Venkataraman K. Leveraging knowledge of HDLs major protein ApoA1: Structure, function, mutations, and potential therapeutics. Biomed Pharmacother 2022; 154:113634. [PMID: 36063649 DOI: 10.1016/j.biopha.2022.113634] [Citation(s) in RCA: 26] [Impact Index Per Article: 13.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/01/2022] [Revised: 08/27/2022] [Accepted: 08/30/2022] [Indexed: 11/02/2022] Open
Abstract
Apolipoprotein A1 (ApoA1) is a member of the Apolipoprotein family of proteins. It's a vital protein that helps in the production of high-density lipoprotein (HDL) particles, which are crucial for reverse cholesterol transport (RCT). It also has anti-inflammatory, anti-atherogenic, anti-apoptotic, and anti-thrombotic properties. These functions interact to give HDL particles their cardioprotective characteristics. ApoA1 has recently been investigated for its potential role in atherosclerosis, diabetes, neurological diseases, cancer, and certain infectious diseases. Since ApoA1's discovery, numerous mutations have been reported that affect its structural integrity and alter its function. Hence these insights have led to the development of clinically relevant peptides and synthetic reconstituted HDL (rHDL) that mimics the function of ApoA1. As a result, this review has aimed to provide an organized explanation of our understanding of the ApoA1 protein structure and its role in various essential pathways. Furthermore, we have comprehensively reviewed the important ApoA1 mutations (24 mutations) that are reported to be involved in various diseases. Finally, we've focused on the therapeutic potentials of some of the beneficial mutations, small peptides, and synthetic rHDL that are currently being researched or developed, since these will aid in the development of novel therapeutics in the future.
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Affiliation(s)
- Aishwarya Sudam Bhale
- Centre for Bio-Separation Technology, Vellore Institute of Technology, Vellore 632014, Tamil Nadu, India
| | - Krishnan Venkataraman
- Centre for Bio-Separation Technology, Vellore Institute of Technology, Vellore 632014, Tamil Nadu, India.
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237
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Liu M, Liu S, Zhu X, Sun Y, Su L, Yu H, Liu D, Li Y, Du Y, Liu R, Sun K. Tanshinone IIA-Loaded Micelles Functionalized with Rosmarinic Acid: A Novel Synergistic Anti-Inflammatory Strategy for Treatment of Atherosclerosis. J Pharm Sci 2022; 111:2827-2838. [PMID: 35580692 DOI: 10.1016/j.xphs.2022.05.007] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/02/2022] [Revised: 05/09/2022] [Accepted: 05/09/2022] [Indexed: 11/19/2022]
Abstract
Rosmarinic acid (RA) and tanshinone IIA (TA) which are effective components in Salvia miltiorrhiza show anti-inflammatory potential against atherosclerosis. Based on polysulfated propylene-polyethylene glycol (PPS-PEG), RA was grafted onto this polymer via amide bonds to form a micelle carrier for TA encapsulation: PPS-PEG-RA@TA. A potent inhibitory effect on lipopolysaccharide (LPS) -induced proliferation of endothelial cells with significant intracellular uptake was observed with this system. This could have been the result of release of TA in a reactive oxygen species (ROS) environment and stronger antioxidant effect of RA. The synergistic effect was optimized when the combination was used in a molar ratio of 1:1. Mechanistic studies showed that, compared with PPS-PEG-RA and TA+RA, PPS-PEG-RA@TA micelles could more effectively regulate the nuclear factor-kappa B (NF-κB) pathway to reduce expression of vascular cell adhesion molecule-1 (VCAM-1), inhibit the inflammatory cascade and reduce endothelial-cell injury. One month after intravenous injection of PPS-PEG-RA@TA micelles, the plaque area in murine aortic vessels was reduced significantly, and serious toxic side-effects were not observed in vivo, along with excellent biocompatibility. In summary, PPS-PEG-RA@TA micelles could achieve synergistic treatment of atherosclerosis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Meixuan Liu
- Collaborative Innovation Center of Advanced Drug Delivery System and Biotech Drugs, School of Pharmacy, Yantai University, Yantai, 264005, PR China
| | - Sha Liu
- Collaborative Innovation Center of Advanced Drug Delivery System and Biotech Drugs, School of Pharmacy, Yantai University, Yantai, 264005, PR China.
| | - Xiaosu Zhu
- Collaborative Innovation Center of Advanced Drug Delivery System and Biotech Drugs, School of Pharmacy, Yantai University, Yantai, 264005, PR China
| | - Yiying Sun
- Shandong International Biotechnology Park Development Co.,Ltd, Yantai, 264005, PR China
| | - Linyu Su
- Collaborative Innovation Center of Advanced Drug Delivery System and Biotech Drugs, School of Pharmacy, Yantai University, Yantai, 264005, PR China
| | - Hairong Yu
- Collaborative Innovation Center of Advanced Drug Delivery System and Biotech Drugs, School of Pharmacy, Yantai University, Yantai, 264005, PR China
| | - Deshuai Liu
- Collaborative Innovation Center of Advanced Drug Delivery System and Biotech Drugs, School of Pharmacy, Yantai University, Yantai, 264005, PR China
| | - Ying Li
- Department of Emergency, The Affiliated Yantai Yuhuangding hospital of Qingdao University, Yantai, 264000, PR China
| | - Yuan Du
- Collaborative Innovation Center of Advanced Drug Delivery System and Biotech Drugs, School of Pharmacy, Yantai University, Yantai, 264005, PR China
| | - Rongxia Liu
- Collaborative Innovation Center of Advanced Drug Delivery System and Biotech Drugs, School of Pharmacy, Yantai University, Yantai, 264005, PR China
| | - Kaoxiang Sun
- Collaborative Innovation Center of Advanced Drug Delivery System and Biotech Drugs, School of Pharmacy, Yantai University, Yantai, 264005, PR China.
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Influence of Shear Stress, Inflammation and BRD4 Inhibition on Human Endothelial Cells: A Holistic Proteomic Approach. Cells 2022; 11:cells11193086. [PMID: 36231049 PMCID: PMC9563250 DOI: 10.3390/cells11193086] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/29/2022] [Revised: 09/26/2022] [Accepted: 09/28/2022] [Indexed: 11/17/2022] Open
Abstract
Atherosclerosis is an important risk factor in the development of cardiovascular diseases. In addition to increased plasma lipid concentrations, irregular/oscillatory shear stress and inflammatory processes trigger atherosclerosis. Inhibitors of the transcription modulatory bromo- and extra-terminal domain (BET) protein family (BETi) could offer a possible therapeutic approach due to their epigenetic mechanism and anti-inflammatory properties. In this study, the influence of laminar shear stress, inflammation and BETi treatment on human endothelial cells was investigated using global protein expression profiling by ion mobility separation-enhanced data independent acquisition mass spectrometry (IMS-DIA-MS). For this purpose, primary human umbilical cord derived vascular endothelial cells were treated with TNFα to mimic inflammation and exposed to laminar shear stress in the presence or absence of the BRD4 inhibitor JQ1. IMS-DIA-MS detected over 4037 proteins expressed in endothelial cells. Inflammation, shear stress and BETi led to pronounced changes in protein expression patterns with JQ1 having the greatest effect. To our knowledge, this is the first proteomics study on primary endothelial cells, which provides an extensive database for the effects of shear stress, inflammation and BETi on the endothelial proteome.
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Meng T, Li X, Li C, Liu J, Chang H, Jiang N, Li J, Zhou Y, Liu Z. Natural products of traditional Chinese medicine treat atherosclerosis by regulating inflammatory and oxidative stress pathways. Front Pharmacol 2022; 13:997598. [PMID: 36249778 PMCID: PMC9563010 DOI: 10.3389/fphar.2022.997598] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/19/2022] [Accepted: 09/16/2022] [Indexed: 11/13/2022] Open
Abstract
Atherosclerosis (AS) is a prevalent arteriosclerotic vascular disease that forms a pathological basis for coronary heart disease, stroke, and other diseases. Inflammatory and oxidative stress responses occur throughout the development of AS. Treatment for AS over the past few decades has focused on administering high-intensity statins to reduce blood lipid levels, but these inevitably damage liver and kidney function over the long term. Natural medicines are widely used to prevent and treat AS in China because of their wide range of beneficial effects, low toxicity, and minimal side effects. We searched for relevant literature over the past 5 years in databases such as PubMed using the keywords, “atherosclerosis,” “traditional Chinese medicine,” “natural medicines,” “inflammation,” and “oxidative stress.” We found that the PI3K/AKT, TLR4, JAK/STAT, Nrf2, MAPK, and NF-κB are the most relevant inflammatory and oxidative stress pathways in AS. This review summarizes studies of the natural alkaloid, flavonoid, polyphenol, saponin, and quinone pathways through which natural medicines used to treat AS. This study aimed to update and summarize progress in understanding how natural medicines treat AS via inflammatory and oxidative stress-related signaling pathways. We also planned to create an information base for the development of novel drugs for future AS treatment.
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Affiliation(s)
- Tianwei Meng
- Graduate School, Heilongjiang University of Chinese Medicine, Harbin, Heilongjiang, China
| | - Xinghua Li
- Graduate School, Heilongjiang University of Chinese Medicine, Harbin, Heilongjiang, China
| | - Chengjia Li
- Graduate School, Heilongjiang University of Chinese Medicine, Harbin, Heilongjiang, China
| | - Jiawen Liu
- Graduate School, Heilongjiang University of Chinese Medicine, Harbin, Heilongjiang, China
| | - Hong Chang
- Department of Pharmacy, Baotou Medical College, Baotou, Inner Mongolia, China
| | - Nan Jiang
- Graduate School, Heilongjiang University of Chinese Medicine, Harbin, Heilongjiang, China
| | - Jiarui Li
- Graduate School, Heilongjiang University of Chinese Medicine, Harbin, Heilongjiang, China
| | - Yabin Zhou
- Department of Cardiovascular Medicine, First Affiliated Hospital of Heilongjiang University of Chinese Medicine, Harbin, Heilongjiang, China
- *Correspondence: Yabin Zhou, ; Zhiping Liu,
| | - Zhiping Liu
- Respiratoy Disease Department, First Affiliated Hospital of Heilongjiang University of Chinese Medicine, Harbin, Heilongjiang, China
- *Correspondence: Yabin Zhou, ; Zhiping Liu,
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240
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Yang J, Zhou X, Lu J, Li M. miR-146-5p restrains calcification of vascular smooth muscle cells by suppressing TRAF6. Open Med (Wars) 2022; 17:1515-1527. [PMID: 36237831 PMCID: PMC9510824 DOI: 10.1515/med-2022-0471] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/11/2021] [Revised: 02/23/2022] [Accepted: 03/14/2022] [Indexed: 11/15/2022] Open
Abstract
Vascular calcification is a prominent manifestation of advanced atherosclerosis. Tumor necrosis factor-receptor-associated factors (TRAFs) were reported to participate in atherosclerosis development. In this study, the role and mechanism of TRAF6 in vascular calcification were explored. To induce the vascular calcification, oxidized low-density lipoprotein (Ox-LDL) was applied to treat vascular smooth muscle cells (VSMCs). TRAF6 protein expression in VSMCs was assessed by western blotting. Osteogenic differentiation of VSMCs was assessed by alkaline phosphatase activity analysis. Mineral deposition in VSMCs was evaluated by von Kossa staining. VSMC proliferation, migration, apoptosis, inflammation, and reactive oxygen species (ROS) generation were detected using cell counting kit-8, Transwell, flow cytometry, reverse transcriptase quantitative polymerase chain reaction (RT-qPCR), and dichlorodihydrofluorescein diacetate staining, respectively. Luciferase reporter assay was utilized to identify the binding relationship between miR-146-5p and TRAF6 in VSMCs. We found that Ox-LDL administration induced the calcification of VSMCs and elevated the TRAF6 level. TRAF6 knockdown restrained VSMC calcification, proliferation, migration, inflammation, and ROS generation caused by Ox-LDL. Mechanically, TRAF6 was targeted by miR-146-5p in VSMCs. Furthermore, TRAF6 overexpression offset the inhibitory effects of miR-146-5p upregulation on vascular calcification in VSMCs under the Ox-LDL condition. Overall, miR-146-5p restrains the calcification of VSMCs by suppressing TRAF6.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jing Yang
- Department of Cardiology, The Fourth Hospital of Harbin Medical University , Harbin 150001 , Heilongjiang , China
| | - Xiaoman Zhou
- Department of Radiology, Wuhan Pulmonary Hospital , Wuhan 430030 , Hubei , China
| | - Jingwei Lu
- Department of Physical Examination, The Fourth Hospital of Harbin Medical University , Harbin 150001 , Heilongjiang , China
| | - Meng Li
- Department of Cardiology, The Fourth Hospital of Harbin Medical University , 37 Yiyuan Street, Nangang District , Harbin 150001 , Heilongjiang , China
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241
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Zhang XH, Li Y, Zhou L, Tian GP. Interleukin-38 in atherosclerosis. Clin Chim Acta 2022; 536:86-93. [PMID: 36150521 DOI: 10.1016/j.cca.2022.09.017] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/17/2022] [Revised: 09/15/2022] [Accepted: 09/15/2022] [Indexed: 11/25/2022]
Abstract
Chronic inflammation caused by immune cells and their mediators is a characteristic of atherosclerosis. Interleukin-38 (IL-38), a member of the IL-1 family, exerts multiple anti-inflammatory effects via specific ligand-receptor interactions. Upon recognizing a specific receptor, IL-38 restrains mitogen-activated protein kinase (MAPK), nuclear factor kappa B (NK-κB), or other inflammation-related signaling pathways in inflammatory disease. Further research has shown that IL-38 also displays anti-atherosclerotic effects and reduces the occurrence and risk of cardiovascular events. On the one hand, IL-38 can regulate innate and adaptive immunity to inhibit inflammation, reduce pathological neovascularization, and inhibit apoptosis. On the other hand, it can curb obesity, reduce hyperlipidemia, and restrain insulin resistance to reduce cardiovascular disease risk. Therefore, this article expounds on the vital function of IL-38 in the development of atherosclerosis to provide a theoretical basis for further in-depth studies of IL-38 and insights on the prophylaxis and treatment of atherosclerosis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xiao-Hong Zhang
- Department of Cardiovascular Medicine, The Second Affiliated Hospital, Hengyang Medical School, University of South China, Hengyang, Hunan 421001, China
| | - Yu Li
- Department of Orthopaedics, Wuhan Children's Hospital, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, Hubei 430016, China
| | - Li Zhou
- Department of Pathology, Chongqing Public Health Medical Center, Southwest University Public Health Hospital, Chongqing 400036, China.
| | - Guo-Ping Tian
- Department of Cardiovascular Medicine, The Second Affiliated Hospital, Hengyang Medical School, University of South China, Hengyang, Hunan 421001, China.
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242
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Irisin, an Effective Treatment for Cardiovascular Diseases? J Cardiovasc Dev Dis 2022; 9:jcdd9090305. [PMID: 36135450 PMCID: PMC9503035 DOI: 10.3390/jcdd9090305] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/29/2022] [Revised: 09/02/2022] [Accepted: 09/07/2022] [Indexed: 11/21/2022] Open
Abstract
Irisin, as one of the myokines induced by exercise, has attracted much attention due to its important physiological functions such as white fat browning, the improvement in metabolism, and the alleviation of inflammation. Despite the positive role that irisin has been proven to play in the prevention and treatment of cardiovascular diseases, whether it can become a biomarker and potential target for predicting and treating cardiovascular diseases remains controversial, given the unreliability of its detection methods, the uncertainty of its receptors, and the species differences between animals and humans. This paper was intended to review the role of irisin in the diagnosis and treatment of cardiovascular diseases, the potential molecular mechanism, and the urgent problems to be solved in hopes of advancing our understanding of irisin as well as providing data for the development of new and promising intervention strategies by discussing the causes of contradictory results.
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243
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Chen M, Xiao J, El-Seedi HR, Woźniak KS, Daglia M, Little PJ, Weng J, Xu S. Kaempferol and atherosclerosis: From mechanism to medicine. Crit Rev Food Sci Nutr 2022; 64:2157-2175. [PMID: 36099317 DOI: 10.1080/10408398.2022.2121261] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/03/2022]
Abstract
Natural products possess pleiotropic cardiovascular protective effects owing to their anti-oxidation, anti-inflammation and anti-thrombotic properties. Kaempferol, (3,5,7-trihydroxy-2-(4-hydroxyphenyl)-4H-1-benzopyran-4-one), is a kind of naturally occurring flavonoid existing in many common fruits and vegetables (e.g., onions, broccoli, strawberries and grapes) and particularly in traditional Chinese medicine as exemplified by Ginkgo biloba. Epidemiological, preclinical and clinical studies have revealed an inverse association between the consumption of kaempferol-containing foods and medicines and the risk of developing cardiovascular diseases. Numerous translational studies in experimental animal models and cultured cells have demonstrated a wide range of pharmacological activities of kaempferol. In this article, we reviewed the antioxidant, anti-inflammatory and cardio-protective activities of kaempferol and elucidated the potential molecular basis of the therapeutic capacity of kaempferol by focusing on its anti-atherosclerotic effects. Overall, the review presents the health benefits of kaempferol-containing plants and medicines and reflects on the potential of kaempferol as a possible drug candidate to prevent and treat atherosclerosis, the underlying pathology of most cardiovascular diseases.
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Affiliation(s)
- Meijie Chen
- Department of Endocrinology, Institute of Endocrine and Metabolic Diseases, The First Affiliated Hospital of USTC, Division of Life Sciences and Medicine, Clinical Research Hospital of Chinese Academy of Sciences (Hefei), University of Science and Technology of China, Hefei, Anhui, China
| | - Jianbo Xiao
- Department of Analytical Chemistry and Food Science, University of Vigo, Vigo, Spain
| | - Hesham R El-Seedi
- Pharmacognosy Group, Department of Pharmaceutical Biosciences, Uppsala University, Uppsala, Sweden
- International Research Center for Food Nutrition and Safety, Jiangsu University, Zhenjiang, China
| | | | - Maria Daglia
- International Research Center for Food Nutrition and Safety, Jiangsu University, Zhenjiang, China
- Department of Pharmacy, University of Napoli Federico II, Naples, Italy
| | - Peter J Little
- School of Pharmacy, University of Queensland, Pharmacy Australia Centre of Excellence, Woolloongabba, QLD, Australia
| | - Jianping Weng
- Department of Endocrinology, Institute of Endocrine and Metabolic Diseases, The First Affiliated Hospital of USTC, Division of Life Sciences and Medicine, Clinical Research Hospital of Chinese Academy of Sciences (Hefei), University of Science and Technology of China, Hefei, Anhui, China
| | - Suowen Xu
- Department of Endocrinology, Institute of Endocrine and Metabolic Diseases, The First Affiliated Hospital of USTC, Division of Life Sciences and Medicine, Clinical Research Hospital of Chinese Academy of Sciences (Hefei), University of Science and Technology of China, Hefei, Anhui, China
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244
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Liu MZ, Kong N, Zhang GY, Xu Q, Xu Y, Ke P, Liu C. The critical role of ferritinophagy in human disease. Front Pharmacol 2022; 13:933732. [PMID: 36160450 PMCID: PMC9493325 DOI: 10.3389/fphar.2022.933732] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/10/2022] [Accepted: 08/01/2022] [Indexed: 11/13/2022] Open
Abstract
Ferritinophagy is a type of autophagy mediated by nuclear receptor activator 4 (NCOA4), which plays a role in inducing ferroptosis by regulating iron homeostasis and producing reactive oxygen species in cells. Under physiological conditions, ferritinophagy maintains the stability of intracellular iron by regulating the release of free iron. Studies have demonstrated that ferritinophagy is necessary to induce ferroptosis; however, under pathological conditions, excessive ferritinophagy results in the release of free iron in large quantities, which leads to lipid peroxidation and iron-dependent cell death, known as ferroptosis. Ferritinophagy has become an area of interest in recent years. We here in review the mechanism of ferritinophagy and its association with ferroptosis and various diseases to provide a reference for future clinical and scientific studies.
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Affiliation(s)
| | | | | | | | | | - Ping Ke
- *Correspondence: Ping Ke, ; Chong Liu,
| | - Chong Liu
- *Correspondence: Ping Ke, ; Chong Liu,
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245
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Xu C, Sun D, Wei C, Chang H. Bioinformatic analysis and experimental validation identified DNA methylation–Related biomarkers and immune-cell infiltration of atherosclerosis. Front Genet 2022; 13:989459. [PMID: 36159969 PMCID: PMC9493181 DOI: 10.3389/fgene.2022.989459] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/08/2022] [Accepted: 07/25/2022] [Indexed: 11/13/2022] Open
Abstract
Background: DNA methylation is an important form of epigenetic regulation and is closely related to atherosclerosis (AS). The purpose of this study was to identify DNA methylation–related biomarkers and explore the immune-infiltrate characteristics of AS based on methylation data.Methods: DNA methylation data of 15 atherosclerotic and paired healthy tissues were obtained from Gene Expression Omnibus database. Differential methylation positions (DMPs) and differential methylation regions (DMRs) were screened by the ChAMP R package. The methylation levels of DMPs located on CpG islands of gene promoter regions were averaged. The limma R package was used to screen differentially methylated genes in the CpG islands of the promoter regions. The diagnostic values of the methylation levels were evaluated using the pROC R package. The EpiDISH algorithm was applied to quantify the infiltration levels of seven types of immune cells. Subsequently, three pairs of clinical specimens of coronary atherosclerosis with Stary’s pathological stage III were collected, and the methylation levels were detected by the methylation-specific PCR (MS-PCR) assay. Western blot was performed to detect the protein expression levels of monocyte markers.Results: A total of 110, 695 DMPs, and 918 DMRs were screened in the whole genome. Also, six genes with significant methylation differences in the CpG islands of the promoter regions were identified, including 49 DMPs. In total, three genes (GRIK2, HOXA2, and HOXA3) had delta beta greater than 0.2. The infiltration level of monocytes was significantly upregulated in AS tissues. MS-PCR assay confirmed the methylation status of the aforementioned three genes in AS samples. The Western blot results showed that the expression levels of the monocyte marker CD14 and M1-type macrophage marker CD86 were significantly increased in AS while M2-type macrophage marker protein CD206 was significantly decreased.Conclusion: This study identified potential DNA methylation–related biomarkers and revealed the role of monocytes in early AS.
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Affiliation(s)
- Congjian Xu
- Department of Cardiology, Shengli Oilfield Central Hospital, Dongying, Shandong, China
| | - Di Sun
- Department of Cardiology, Shengli Oilfield Central Hospital, Dongying, Shandong, China
| | - Changmin Wei
- Department of Cardiology, Shengli Oilfield Central Hospital, Dongying, Shandong, China
- *Correspondence: Changmin Wei, ; Hao Chang,
| | - Hao Chang
- Hanyu Biomed Center Beijing, Beijing, China
- *Correspondence: Changmin Wei, ; Hao Chang,
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246
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Tolksdorf C, Moritz E, Wolf R, Meyer U, Marx S, Bien-Möller S, Garscha U, Jedlitschky G, Rauch BH. Platelet-Derived S1P and Its Relevance for the Communication with Immune Cells in Multiple Human Diseases. Int J Mol Sci 2022; 23:ijms231810278. [PMID: 36142188 PMCID: PMC9499465 DOI: 10.3390/ijms231810278] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/04/2022] [Revised: 09/02/2022] [Accepted: 09/03/2022] [Indexed: 11/16/2022] Open
Abstract
Sphingosine-1-phosphate (S1P) is a versatile signaling lipid involved in the regulation of numerous cellular processes. S1P regulates cellular proliferation, migration, and apoptosis as well as the function of immune cells. S1P is generated from sphingosine (Sph), which derives from the ceramide metabolism. In particular, high concentrations of S1P are present in the blood. This originates mainly from erythrocytes, endothelial cells (ECs), and platelets. While erythrocytes function as a storage pool for circulating S1P, platelets can rapidly generate S1P de novo, store it in large quantities, and release it when the platelet is activated. Platelets can thus provide S1P in a short time when needed or in the case of an injury with subsequent platelet activation and thereby regulate local cellular responses. In addition, platelet-dependently generated and released S1P may also influence long-term immune cell functions in various disease processes, such as inflammation-driven vascular diseases. In this review, the metabolism and release of platelet S1P are presented, and the autocrine versus paracrine functions of platelet-derived S1P and its relevance in various disease processes are discussed. New pharmacological approaches that target the auto- or paracrine effects of S1P may be therapeutically helpful in the future for pathological processes involving S1P.
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Affiliation(s)
- Céline Tolksdorf
- Division of Pharmacology and Toxicology, School of Medicine and Health Sciences, Carl von Ossietzky University Oldenburg, 26129 Oldenburg, Germany
- Department of General Pharmacology, University Medicine Greifswald, 17489 Greifswald, Germany
| | - Eileen Moritz
- Department of General Pharmacology, University Medicine Greifswald, 17489 Greifswald, Germany
| | - Robert Wolf
- Department of General Pharmacology, University Medicine Greifswald, 17489 Greifswald, Germany
| | - Ulrike Meyer
- Division of Pharmacology and Toxicology, School of Medicine and Health Sciences, Carl von Ossietzky University Oldenburg, 26129 Oldenburg, Germany
| | - Sascha Marx
- Department of Neurosurgery, University Medicine Greifswald, 17489 Greifswald, Germany
| | - Sandra Bien-Möller
- Department of General Pharmacology, University Medicine Greifswald, 17489 Greifswald, Germany
- Department of Neurosurgery, University Medicine Greifswald, 17489 Greifswald, Germany
| | - Ulrike Garscha
- Institute of Pharmacy, University of Greifswald, 17489 Greifswald, Germany
| | - Gabriele Jedlitschky
- Department of General Pharmacology, University Medicine Greifswald, 17489 Greifswald, Germany
| | - Bernhard H. Rauch
- Division of Pharmacology and Toxicology, School of Medicine and Health Sciences, Carl von Ossietzky University Oldenburg, 26129 Oldenburg, Germany
- Correspondence:
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247
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Zhu L, Zhao P, Meng X, Jin H, Tuo B. Circ_0091822 aggravates ox-LDL-induced endothelial cell injury through targeting the miR-661/RAB22A axis. Clin Hemorheol Microcirc 2022; 83:47-59. [PMID: 36057815 DOI: 10.3233/ch-221453] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/15/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Endothelial dysfunction is considered to be an important factor in the pathogenesis of atherosclerosis. Circular RNAs (circRNAs) have been confirmed to participate in the development of atherosclerosis. Nevertheless, the role and mechanism of circ_0091822 in atherosclerosis have not been studied yet. METHODS The expression of circ_0091822, miR-661 and RAB22A were analyzed by quantitative real-time polymerase chain reaction (qRT-PCR). The levels of interleukin-6 (IL-6) and tumor necrosis factor-α (TNF-α) were estimated by enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay (ELISA). Cell viability was analyzed by Cell Counting Kit-8 (CCK-8) assay, cell proliferation was evaluated by EdU assay, and cell apoptosis was gauged by flow cytometry. Western blot was performed to assess the protein levels of Bax, Cleaved-caspase-3 and RAB22A. The interaction among miR-661 and circ_0091822 or RAB22A was verified by dual-luciferase reporter assayRESULTS:Ox-LDL enhanced the expression of circ_0091822 in HUVECs. It also constrained proliferation, promotes apoptosis and inflammation in HUVECs, and down-regulation of circ_0091822 attenuated these effects. Mechanically, circ_0091822 could serve as a sponge of miR-661, miR-661 interference rescued circ_0091822 inhibition-mediated effect on the biological functions in ox-LDL-induced HUVECs. Additionally, RAB22A was a target of miR-661, and its overexpression could partially overturn the negative regulation of miR-661 on ox-LDL-treated HUVECs injury. Importantly, circ_0091822 sponged miR-661 to positively regulate RAB22A expression. CONCLUSION Circ_0091822 contributed to cell injury by targeting miR-661/RAB22A axis in ox-LDL-stimulated HUVECs.
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Affiliation(s)
- Lingfeng Zhu
- Department of Cardiology, Luodian Hospital, Shanghai, China
| | - Ping Zhao
- Department of Cardiology, Luodian Hospital, Shanghai, China
| | - Xianwei Meng
- Department of Cardiology, Luodian Hospital, Shanghai, China
| | - Hong Jin
- Department of Cardiology, Luodian Hospital, Shanghai, China
| | - Baojuan Tuo
- Department of Internal Medicine, Yuepu Community Health Centre, Shanghai, China
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248
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The role of lactoferrin in atherosclerosis. Biometals 2022; 36:509-519. [PMID: 36053470 DOI: 10.1007/s10534-022-00441-1] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/22/2022] [Accepted: 08/24/2022] [Indexed: 11/02/2022]
Abstract
Atherosclerosis (AS) is a common pathological basis for many cardiovascular diseases (CVDs) and result in high mortality and immense health and economic burdens worldwide. Early prevention, diagnosis, and treatment are promising approaches for stemming the development and progression of AS. Lactoferrin (Lf) is an iron-binding glycoprotein belonging to the transferrin family. It is widely found in body fluids such as digestive tract fluids, tears, and milk. Lf possesses anti-inflammatory, antibacterial, immunoregulatory, antioxidant and many other physiological functions. The serum Lf level is reportedly associated with the risk of AS and AS-related CVDs. Lf administration is closely involved in several mechanisms, including cholesterol metabolism, foam cell formation, ICAM-1 expression, homocysteine and leptin levels, anti-inflammatory and antioxidant function. Moreover, Lf has also been applied in the sythesis of magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) contrast agents to detect AS. Lf plays an important role in AS and may therefore be used in its diagnosis and treatment. Thus, this article aims to review the association between Lf and the risk of AS and AS-related CVDs, the mechanisms of Lf administration on AS, and its potential application in AS diagnosis.
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249
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Shi Y, Luo Z, You J. Subcellular delivery of lipid nanoparticles to endoplasmic reticulum and mitochondria. WILEY INTERDISCIPLINARY REVIEWS. NANOMEDICINE AND NANOBIOTECHNOLOGY 2022; 14:e1803. [PMID: 35441489 DOI: 10.1002/wnan.1803] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/12/2022] [Revised: 03/23/2022] [Accepted: 03/27/2022] [Indexed: 06/14/2023]
Abstract
Primarily responsible for the biogenesis and metabolism of biomolecules, endoplasmic reticulum (ER) and mitochondria are gradually becoming the targets of therapeutic modulation, whose physiological activities and pathological manifestations determine the functional capacity and even the survival of cells. Drug delivery systems with specific physicochemical properties (passive targeting), or modified by small molecular compounds, polypeptides, and biomembranes demonstrating tropism for ER and mitochondria (active targeting) are able to reduce the nonselective accumulation of drugs, enhancing efficacy while reducing side effects. Lipid nanoparticles feature high biocompatibility, diverse cargo loading, and flexible structure modification, which are frequently used for subcellular organelle-targeted delivery of therapeutics. However, there is still a lack of systematic understanding of lipid nanoparticle-based ER and mitochondria targeting. Herein, we review the pathological significance of drug selectively delivered to the ER and mitochondria. We also summarize the molecular basis and application prospects of lipid nanoparticle-based ER and mitochondria targeting strategies, which may provide guidance for the prevention and treatment of associated diseases and disorders. This article is categorized under: Therapeutic Approaches and Drug Discovery > Nanomedicine for Oncologic Disease Biology-Inspired Nanomaterials > Lipid-Based Structures Nanotechnology Approaches to Biology > Nanoscale Systems in Biology Diagnostic Tools > In Vivo Nanodiagnostics and Imaging.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yingying Shi
- College of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, Zhejiang, China
| | - Zhenyu Luo
- College of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, Zhejiang, China
| | - Jian You
- College of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, Zhejiang, China
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250
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Deng H, Li Xu, Ju J, Mo X, Ge G, Zhu X. Multifunctional nanoprobes for macrophage imaging. Biomaterials 2022; 290:121824. [DOI: 10.1016/j.biomaterials.2022.121824] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/02/2022] [Revised: 08/28/2022] [Accepted: 09/24/2022] [Indexed: 11/30/2022]
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