251
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Centeno EGZ, Cimarosti H, Bithell A. 2D versus 3D human induced pluripotent stem cell-derived cultures for neurodegenerative disease modelling. Mol Neurodegener 2018; 13:27. [PMID: 29788997 PMCID: PMC5964712 DOI: 10.1186/s13024-018-0258-4] [Citation(s) in RCA: 136] [Impact Index Per Article: 22.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/04/2017] [Accepted: 05/08/2018] [Indexed: 12/11/2022] Open
Abstract
Neurodegenerative diseases, such as Alzheimer's disease (AD), Parkinson's disease (PD), Huntington's disease (HD) and amyotrophic lateral sclerosis (ALS), affect millions of people every year and so far, there are no therapeutic cures available. Even though animal and histological models have been of great aid in understanding disease mechanisms and identifying possible therapeutic strategies, in order to find disease-modifying solutions there is still a critical need for systems that can provide more predictive and physiologically relevant results. One possible avenue is the development of patient-derived models, e.g. by reprogramming patient somatic cells into human induced pluripotent stem cells (hiPSCs), which can then be differentiated into any cell type for modelling. These systems contain key genetic information from the donors, and therefore have enormous potential as tools in the investigation of pathological mechanisms underlying disease phenotype, and progression, as well as in drug testing platforms. hiPSCs have been widely cultured in 2D systems, but in order to mimic human brain complexity, 3D models have been proposed as a more advanced alternative. This review will focus on the use of patient-derived hiPSCs to model AD, PD, HD and ALS. In brief, we will cover the available stem cells, types of 2D and 3D culture systems, existing models for neurodegenerative diseases, obstacles to model these diseases in vitro, and current perspectives in the field.
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Affiliation(s)
- Eduarda G Z Centeno
- Department of Biotechnology, Federal University of Pelotas, Campus Capão do Leão, Pelotas, RS, 96160-000, Brazil.,Department of Pharmacology, Federal University of Santa Catarina, Campus Trindade, Florianópolis, SC, 88040-900, Brazil
| | - Helena Cimarosti
- Department of Pharmacology, Federal University of Santa Catarina, Campus Trindade, Florianópolis, SC, 88040-900, Brazil.
| | - Angela Bithell
- School of Pharmacy, University of Reading, Whiteknights Campus, Reading, RG6 6UB, UK.
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252
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Farrukh A, Fan W, Zhao S, Salierno M, Paez JI, Del Campo A. Photoactivatable Adhesive Ligands for Light-Guided Neuronal Growth. Chembiochem 2018; 19:1271-1279. [PMID: 29633466 DOI: 10.1002/cbic.201800118] [Citation(s) in RCA: 17] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/02/2018] [Indexed: 12/21/2022]
Abstract
Neuro-regeneration after trauma requires growth and reconnection of neurons to reestablish information flow in particular directions across the damaged tissue. To support this process, biomaterials for nerve tissue regeneration need to provide spatial information to adhesion receptors on the cell membrane and to provide directionality to growing neurites. Here, photoactivatable adhesive peptides based on the CASIKVAVSADR laminin peptidomimetic are presented and applied to spatiotemporal control of neuronal growth to biomaterials in vitro. The introduction of a photoremovable group [6-nitroveratryl (NVOC), 3-(4,5-dimethoxy-2-nitrophenyl)butan-2-yl (DMNPB), or 2,2'-((3'-(1-hydroxypropan-2-yl)-4'-nitro-[1,1'-biphenyl]-4-yl)azanediyl)bis(ethan-1-ol) (HANBP)] at the amino terminal group of the K residue temporally inhibited the activity of the peptide. The bioactivity was regained through controlled light exposure. When used in neuronal culture substrates, the peptides allowed light-based control of the attachment and differentiation of neuronal cells. Site-selective irradiation activated adhesion and differentiation cues and guided seeded neurons to grow in predefined patterns. This is the first demonstration of ligand-based light-controlled interaction between neuronal cells and biomaterials.
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Affiliation(s)
- Aleeza Farrukh
- INM-Leibniz Institute for New Materials, Campus D2 2, 66123, Saarbrücken, Germany.,Max Planck Graduate Center, Forum Universitatis 2, Building 1111, 55122, Mainz, Germany
| | - Wenqiang Fan
- Institute of Physiological Chemistry, University Medical Center Johannes Gutenberg, Hanns-Dieter-Hüsch-Weg 19, 55128, Mainz, Germany
| | - Shifang Zhao
- INM-Leibniz Institute for New Materials, Campus D2 2, 66123, Saarbrücken, Germany.,Saarland University, Chemistry Department, 66123, Saarbrücken, Germany
| | - Marcelo Salierno
- Institute of Physiological Chemistry, University Medical Center Johannes Gutenberg, Hanns-Dieter-Hüsch-Weg 19, 55128, Mainz, Germany.,INIBIOMA, CRUB, Universidad Nacional del Comahue, Quintral 1250, 8400, S.C. Bariloche, Argentina
| | - Julieta I Paez
- INM-Leibniz Institute for New Materials, Campus D2 2, 66123, Saarbrücken, Germany
| | - Aránzazu Del Campo
- INM-Leibniz Institute for New Materials, Campus D2 2, 66123, Saarbrücken, Germany.,Saarland University, Chemistry Department, 66123, Saarbrücken, Germany
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253
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Kautz R, Ordinario DD, Tyagi V, Patel P, Nguyen TN, Gorodetsky AA. Cephalopod-Derived Biopolymers for Ionic and Protonic Transistors. Adv Mater 2018; 30:e1704917. [PMID: 29656448 DOI: 10.1002/adma.201704917] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/27/2017] [Revised: 12/05/2017] [Indexed: 06/08/2023]
Abstract
Cephalopods (e.g., squid, octopuses, and cuttlefish) have long fascinated scientists and the general public alike due to their complex behavioral characteristics and remarkable camouflage abilities. As such, these animals are explored as model systems in neuroscience and represent a well-known commercial resource. Herein, selected literature examples related to the electrical properties of cephalopod-derived biopolymers (eumelanins, chitosans, and reflectins) and to the use of these materials in voltage-gated devices (i.e., transistors) are highlighted. Moreover, some potential future directions and challenges in this area are described, with the aim of inspiring additional research effort on ionic and protonic transistors from cephalopod-derived biopolymers.
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Affiliation(s)
- Rylan Kautz
- Department of Chemical Engineering and Materials Science, University of California, Irvine, Irvine, CA, 92697, USA
| | - David D Ordinario
- Department of Chemical Engineering and Materials Science, University of California, Irvine, Irvine, CA, 92697, USA
- Department of Electrical Engineering and Information Systems, Graduate School of Engineering, University of Tokyo, Tokyo, 113-8656, Japan
| | - Vivek Tyagi
- Department of Chemical Engineering and Materials Science, University of California, Irvine, Irvine, CA, 92697, USA
| | - Priyam Patel
- Department of Chemical Engineering and Materials Science, University of California, Irvine, Irvine, CA, 92697, USA
| | - Tam N Nguyen
- Department of Chemistry, University of California, Irvine, Irvine, CA, 92697, USA
| | - Alon A Gorodetsky
- Department of Chemical Engineering and Materials Science, University of California, Irvine, Irvine, CA, 92697, USA
- Department of Chemistry, University of California, Irvine, Irvine, CA, 92697, USA
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254
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Li M, Gao L, Chen J, Zhang Y, Wang J, Lu X, Duan K, Weng J, Feng B. Controllable release of interleukin-4 in double-layer sol–gel coatings on TiO
2
nanotubes for modulating macrophage polarization. Biomed Mater 2018; 13:045008. [DOI: 10.1088/1748-605x/aa9526] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/17/2022]
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255
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Wang M, Fu Y, Chen G, Shi Y, Li X, Zhang H, Shen Y. Fabrication and characterization of carboxymethyl chitosan and tea polyphenols coating on zein nanoparticles to encapsulate β-carotene by anti-solvent precipitation method. Food Hydrocoll 2018. [DOI: 10.1016/j.foodhyd.2017.10.036] [Citation(s) in RCA: 102] [Impact Index Per Article: 17.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/09/2023]
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256
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Zhang B, Yan W, Zhu Y, Yang W, Le W, Chen B, Zhu R, Cheng L. Nanomaterials in Neural-Stem-Cell-Mediated Regenerative Medicine: Imaging and Treatment of Neurological Diseases. Adv Mater 2018; 30:e1705694. [PMID: 29543350 DOI: 10.1002/adma.201705694] [Citation(s) in RCA: 55] [Impact Index Per Article: 9.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/30/2017] [Revised: 11/17/2017] [Indexed: 05/24/2023]
Abstract
Patients are increasingly being diagnosed with neuropathic diseases, but are rarely cured because of the loss of neurons in damaged tissues. This situation creates an urgent clinical need to develop alternative treatment strategies for effective repair and regeneration of injured or diseased tissues. Neural stem cells (NSCs), highly pluripotent cells with the ability of self-renewal and potential for multidirectional differentiation, provide a promising solution to meet this demand. However, some serious challenges remaining to be addressed are the regulation of implanted NSCs, tracking their fate, monitoring their interaction with and responsiveness to the tissue environment, and evaluating their treatment efficacy. Nanomaterials have been envisioned as innovative components to further empower the field of NSC-based regenerative medicine, because their unique physicochemical characteristics provide unparalleled solutions to the imaging and treatment of diseases. By building on the advantages of nanomaterials, tremendous efforts have been devoted to facilitate research into the clinical translation of NSC-based therapy. Here, recent work on emerging nanomaterials is highlighted and their performance in the imaging and treatment of neurological diseases is evaluated, comparing the strengths and weaknesses of various imaging modalities currently used. The underlying mechanisms of therapeutic efficacy are discussed, and future research directions are suggested.
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Affiliation(s)
- Bingbo Zhang
- Institute of Photomedicine, Shanghai Skin Disease Hospital, The Institute for Biomedical Engineering & Nano Science, Tongji University School of Medicine, Shanghai, 200443, China
- Department of Spine Surgery, Tongji Hospital, Institute of Spine and Spinal Cord Injury, Tongji University School of Medicine, Tongji University, Shanghai, 200065, China
| | - Wei Yan
- Hubei Collaborative Innovation Center for Advanced Organic Chemical Materials, Key Laboratory of Green Preparation and Application for Functional Materials, Ministry of Education, School of Materials Science & Engineering, Hubei University, Wuhan, 430062, China
| | - Yanjing Zhu
- Department of Spine Surgery, Tongji Hospital, Institute of Spine and Spinal Cord Injury, Tongji University School of Medicine, Tongji University, Shanghai, 200065, China
| | - Weitao Yang
- Institute of Photomedicine, Shanghai Skin Disease Hospital, The Institute for Biomedical Engineering & Nano Science, Tongji University School of Medicine, Shanghai, 200443, China
| | - Wenjun Le
- Institute for Regenerative Medicine, Shanghai East Hospital, The Institute for Biomedical Engineering & Nano Science, Tongji University School of Medicine, Shanghai, 200443, China
| | - Bingdi Chen
- Institute for Regenerative Medicine, Shanghai East Hospital, The Institute for Biomedical Engineering & Nano Science, Tongji University School of Medicine, Shanghai, 200443, China
| | - Rongrong Zhu
- Department of Spine Surgery, Tongji Hospital, Institute of Spine and Spinal Cord Injury, Tongji University School of Medicine, Tongji University, Shanghai, 200065, China
| | - Liming Cheng
- Department of Spine Surgery, Tongji Hospital, Institute of Spine and Spinal Cord Injury, Tongji University School of Medicine, Tongji University, Shanghai, 200065, China
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257
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Simoneau A, Ricard É, Wurtele H. An interplay between multiple sirtuins promotes completion of DNA replication in cells with short telomeres. PLoS Genet 2018; 14:e1007356. [PMID: 29659581 PMCID: PMC5919697 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pgen.1007356] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/11/2017] [Revised: 04/26/2018] [Accepted: 04/09/2018] [Indexed: 01/08/2023] Open
Abstract
The evolutionarily-conserved sirtuin family of histone deacetylases regulates a multitude of DNA-associated processes. A recent genome-wide screen conducted in the yeast Saccharomyces cerevisiae identified Yku70/80, which regulate nonhomologous end-joining (NHEJ) and telomere structure, as being essential for cell proliferation in the presence of the pan-sirtuin inhibitor nicotinamide (NAM). Here, we show that sirtuin-dependent deacetylation of both histone H3 lysine 56 and H4 lysine 16 promotes growth of yku70Δ and yku80Δ cells, and that the NAM sensitivity of these mutants is not caused by defects in DNA double-strand break repair by NHEJ, but rather by their inability to maintain normal telomere length. Indeed, our results indicate that in the absence of sirtuin activity, cells with abnormally short telomeres, e.g., yku70/80Δ or est1/2Δ mutants, present striking defects in S phase progression. Our data further suggest that early firing of replication origins at short telomeres compromises the cellular response to NAM- and genotoxin-induced replicative stress. Finally, we show that reducing H4K16ac in yku70Δ cells limits activation of the DNA damage checkpoint kinase Rad53 in response to replicative stress, which promotes usage of translesion synthesis and S phase progression. Our results reveal a novel interplay between sirtuin-mediated regulation of chromatin structure and telomere-regulating factors in promoting timely completion of S phase upon replicative stress.
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Affiliation(s)
- Antoine Simoneau
- Centre de recherche de l’Hôpital Maisonneuve-Rosemont, boulevard de l’Assomption, Montréal, Canada
- Programme de Biologie Moléculaire, Université de Montréal, Montréal, Canada
| | - Étienne Ricard
- Centre de recherche de l’Hôpital Maisonneuve-Rosemont, boulevard de l’Assomption, Montréal, Canada
- Programme de Biologie Moléculaire, Université de Montréal, Montréal, Canada
| | - Hugo Wurtele
- Centre de recherche de l’Hôpital Maisonneuve-Rosemont, boulevard de l’Assomption, Montréal, Canada
- Département de Médecine, Université de Montréal, Montréal, Canada
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258
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Limongi T, Rocchi A, Cesca F, Tan H, Miele E, Giugni A, Orlando M, Perrone Donnorso M, Perozziello G, Benfenati F, Di Fabrizio E. Delivery of Brain-Derived Neurotrophic Factor by 3D Biocompatible Polymeric Scaffolds for Neural Tissue Engineering and Neuronal Regeneration. Mol Neurobiol 2018; 55:8788-8798. [PMID: 29600349 DOI: 10.1007/s12035-018-1022-z] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/14/2017] [Accepted: 03/16/2018] [Indexed: 01/07/2023]
Abstract
Biopolymers are increasingly employed for neuroscience applications as scaffolds to drive and promote neural regrowth, thanks to their ability to mediate the upload and subsequent release of active molecules and drugs. Synthetic degradable polymers are characterized by different responses ranging from tunable distension or shrinkage to total dissolution, depending on the function they are designed for. In this paper we present a biocompatible microfabricated poly-ε-caprolactone (PCL) scaffold for primary neuron growth and maturation that has been optimized for the in vitro controlled release of brain-derived neurotrophic factor (BDNF). We demonstrate that the designed morphology confers to these devices an enhanced drug delivery capability with respect to monolithic unstructured supports. After incubation with BDNF, micropillared PCL devices progressively release the neurotrophin over 21 days in vitro. Moreover, the bioactivity of released BDNF is confirmed using primary neuronal cultures, where it mediates a consistent activation of BDNF signaling cascades, increased synaptic density, and neuronal survival. These results provide the proof-of-principle on the fabrication process of micropatterned PCL devices, which represent a promising therapeutic option to enhance neuronal regeneration after lesion and for neural tissue engineering and prosthetics.
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Affiliation(s)
- T Limongi
- SMILEs Lab, Physical Science and Engineering (PSE) and Biological and Environmental Science and Engineering (BESE) Divisions, King Abdullah University of Science and Technology, Thuwal, 23955-6900, Kingdom of Saudi Arabia
| | - A Rocchi
- Center for Synaptic Neuroscience and Technology, Istituto Italiano di Tecnologia, Largo Rosanna Benzi 10, 16132, Genoa, Italy
| | - F Cesca
- Center for Synaptic Neuroscience and Technology, Istituto Italiano di Tecnologia, Largo Rosanna Benzi 10, 16132, Genoa, Italy
| | - H Tan
- Analytical Core Lab, King Abdullah University of Science and Technology, Thuwal, 23955-6900, Kingdom of Saudi Arabia
| | - E Miele
- Nanostructures Department, Istituto Italiano di Tecnologia, Via Morego 30, 16163, Genoa, Italy.,Centre for BioImaging Sciences, Department of Biological Sciences, National University of Singapore, 14 Science Drive 4, Singapore, 117543, Singapore
| | - A Giugni
- SMILEs Lab, Physical Science and Engineering (PSE) and Biological and Environmental Science and Engineering (BESE) Divisions, King Abdullah University of Science and Technology, Thuwal, 23955-6900, Kingdom of Saudi Arabia
| | - M Orlando
- Center for Synaptic Neuroscience and Technology, Istituto Italiano di Tecnologia, Largo Rosanna Benzi 10, 16132, Genoa, Italy.,Department of Neurophysiology, NeuroCure Excellence Cluster, Charité Universitäts Medizin, Charitéplatz 1, 10117, Berlin, Germany
| | - M Perrone Donnorso
- Nanostructures Department, Istituto Italiano di Tecnologia, Via Morego 30, 16163, Genoa, Italy
| | - G Perozziello
- Laboratory of Nanotechnology BioNEM Department of Experimental and Clinical Medicine, University "Magna Graecia" of Catanzaro, Viale Europa, Catanzaro, Italy
| | - Fabio Benfenati
- Center for Synaptic Neuroscience and Technology, Istituto Italiano di Tecnologia, Largo Rosanna Benzi 10, 16132, Genoa, Italy.
| | - Enzo Di Fabrizio
- SMILEs Lab, Physical Science and Engineering (PSE) and Biological and Environmental Science and Engineering (BESE) Divisions, King Abdullah University of Science and Technology, Thuwal, 23955-6900, Kingdom of Saudi Arabia.
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259
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Affiliation(s)
- Se‐Jun Lee
- Department of Mechanical and Aerospace Engineering George Washington University Washington DC 20052 USA
| | - Timothy Esworthy
- Department of Mechanical and Aerospace Engineering George Washington University Washington DC 20052 USA
| | - Seth Stake
- Department of Medicine George Washington University Washington DC 20052 USA
| | - Shida Miao
- Department of Mechanical and Aerospace Engineering George Washington University Washington DC 20052 USA
| | - Yi Y. Zuo
- Department of Mechanical Engineering University of Hawaii at Manoa Honolulu HI 96822 USA
| | - Brent T. Harris
- Department of Neurology and Pathology Georgetown University Washington DC 20007 USA
| | - Lijie Grace Zhang
- Department of Mechanical and Aerospace Engineering George Washington University Washington DC 20052 USA
- Department of Medicine George Washington University Washington DC 20052 USA
- Department of Biomedical Engineering George Washington University Washington DC 20052 USA
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260
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Che C, Liu J, Yang J, Ma L, Bai N, Zhang Q. Osteopontin is essential for IL-1β production and apoptosis in peri-implantitis. Clin Implant Dent Relat Res 2018; 20:384-392. [PMID: 29446213 DOI: 10.1111/cid.12592] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/26/2017] [Revised: 12/26/2017] [Accepted: 01/18/2018] [Indexed: 12/13/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Chengye Che
- Department of Prosthodontics; The Affiliated Hospital of Qingdao University; Qingdao China
| | - Jie Liu
- Department of Prosthodontics; The Affiliated Hospital of Qingdao University; Qingdao China
| | - Jianjun Yang
- Department of Prosthodontics; The Affiliated Hospital of Qingdao University; Qingdao China
| | - Lei Ma
- Department of Prosthodontics; The Affiliated Hospital of Qingdao University; Qingdao China
| | - Na Bai
- Department of Prosthodontics; The Affiliated Hospital of Qingdao University; Qingdao China
| | - Qian Zhang
- Department of Prosthodontics; The Affiliated Hospital of Qingdao University; Qingdao China
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261
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Um J, Lee JH, Jung DW, Williams DR. Re-education begins at home: an overview of the discovery of in vivo-active small molecule modulators of endogenous stem cells. Expert Opin Drug Discov 2018; 13:307-326. [PMID: 29421943 DOI: 10.1080/17460441.2018.1437140] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/16/2022]
Abstract
INTRODUCTION Degenerative diseases, such as Alzheimer's disease, heart disease and arthritis cause great suffering and are major socioeconomic burdens. An attractive treatment approach is stem cell transplantation to regenerate damaged or destroyed tissues. However, this can be problematic. For example, donor cells may not functionally integrate into the host tissue. An alternative methodology is to deliver bioactive agents, such as small molecules, directly into the diseased tissue to enhance the regenerative potential of endogenous stem cells. Areas covered: In this review, the authors discuss the necessity of developing these small molecules to treat degenerative diseases and survey progress in their application as therapeutics. They describe both the successes and caveats of developing small molecules that target endogenous stem cells to induce tissue regeneration. This article is based on literature searches which encompass databases for biomedical research and clinical trials. These small molecules are also categorized per their target disease and mechanism of action. Expert opinion: The development of small molecules targeting endogenous stem cells is a high-profile research area. Some compounds have made the successful transition to the clinic. Novel approaches, such as modulating the stem cell niche or targeted delivery to disease sites, should increase the likelihood of future successes in this field.
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Affiliation(s)
- JungIn Um
- a New Drug Targets Laboratory, School of Life Sciences, Gwangju Institute of Science and Technology , Buk-Gu , Gwangju , Republic of Korea
| | - Ji-Hyung Lee
- a New Drug Targets Laboratory, School of Life Sciences, Gwangju Institute of Science and Technology , Buk-Gu , Gwangju , Republic of Korea
| | - Da-Woon Jung
- a New Drug Targets Laboratory, School of Life Sciences, Gwangju Institute of Science and Technology , Buk-Gu , Gwangju , Republic of Korea
| | - Darren R Williams
- a New Drug Targets Laboratory, School of Life Sciences, Gwangju Institute of Science and Technology , Buk-Gu , Gwangju , Republic of Korea
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262
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Azizullah, Al-Rashida M, Haider A, Kortz U, Joshi SA, Iqbal J. Development and In vitro Anticancer Evaluation of Self-Assembled Supramolecular pH Responsive Hydrogels of Carboxymethyl Chitosan and Polyoxometalate. ChemistrySelect 2018. [DOI: 10.1002/slct.201702253] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/12/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Azizullah
- Centre for Advanced Drug Research; COMSATS Institute of Information Technology; Abbottabad - 22060 Pakistan
| | - Mariya Al-Rashida
- Department of Chemistry; Forman Christian College (A Chartered University); Ferozepur Road Lahore 54600 Pakistan
| | - Ali Haider
- Department of Life Sciences and Chemistry; Jacobs University, Campus Ring 1; 28759 Bremen Germany
- Department of Chemistry; Quaid-i-Azam University; 45320 - Islamabad Pakistan
| | - Ulrich Kortz
- Department of Life Sciences and Chemistry; Jacobs University, Campus Ring 1; 28759 Bremen Germany
| | - Sachin A. Joshi
- Dr. K. C. Patel Research and Development Centre; Charotar University of Science and Technology (CHARUSAT), Dist. Anand; 388421, Gujarat India
| | - Jamshed Iqbal
- Centre for Advanced Drug Research; COMSATS Institute of Information Technology; Abbottabad - 22060 Pakistan
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263
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D’Arpa S, Zabbia G, Cannizzaro C, Salimbeni G, Plescia F, Mariolo AV, Cassata G, Cicero L, Puleio R, Martorana A, Moschella F, Cordova A. Seeding nerve sutures with minced nerve-graft (MINE-G): a simple method to improve nerve regeneration in rats. Acta Chir Belg 2018; 118:27-35. [PMID: 28738725 DOI: 10.1080/00015458.2017.1353237] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/07/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND The aim of this study was to assess the effect of seeding the distal nerve suture with nerve fragments in rats. METHODS On 20 rats, a 15 mm sciatic nerve defect was reconstructed with a nerve autograft. In the Study Group (10 rats), a minced 1 mm nerve segment was seeded around the nerve suture. In the Control Group (10 rats), a nerve graft alone was used. At 4 and 12 weeks, a walking track analysis with open field test (WTA), hystomorphometry (number of myelinated fibers (n), fiber density (FD) and fiber area (FA) and soleus and gastrocnemius muscle weight ratios (MWR) were evaluated. The Student t-test was used for statistical analysis. RESULTS At 4 and 12 weeks the Study Group had a significantly higher n and FD (p = .043 and .033). The SMWR was significantly higher in the Study Group at 12 weeks (p = .0207). CONCLUSIONS Seeding the distal nerve suture with nerve fragments increases the number of myelinated fibers, the FD and the SMWR. The technique seems promising and deserves further investigation to clarify the mechanisms involved and its functional effects.
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Affiliation(s)
- Salvatore D’Arpa
- Plastische Heelkunde, Universitair Ziekenhuis Gent, Gent, Belgium
| | - Giovanni Zabbia
- Division of Plastic and Reconstructive Surgery, Department of Surgical, Oncological and Oral Sciences, University of Palermo, Palermo, Italy
| | - Carla Cannizzaro
- Department of Sciences for Health Promotion and Mother and Child Care ‘GIUSEPPE D’ALESSANDRO’, University of Palermo, Palermo, Italy
| | | | - Fulvio Plescia
- Department of Sciences for Health Promotion and Mother and Child Care ‘GIUSEPPE D’ALESSANDRO’, University of Palermo, Palermo, Italy
| | - Alessio Vincenzo Mariolo
- Division of Plastic and Reconstructive Surgery, Department of Surgical, Oncological and Oral Sciences, University of Palermo, Palermo, Italy
| | - Giovanni Cassata
- Laboratory Animal House/Unit, Institute of Experimental Zooprophylactic of Sicily, Palermo, Italy
| | - Luca Cicero
- Laboratory Animal House/Unit, Institute of Experimental Zooprophylactic of Sicily, Palermo, Italy
| | - Roberto Puleio
- Histopathology and Immunohistochemistry Laboratory, Institute Experimental Zooprophylactic of Sicily, Palermo, Italy
| | - Anna Martorana
- Department of Human Pathology, University of Palermo, Palermo, Italy
| | - Francesco Moschella
- Division of Plastic and Reconstructive Surgery, Department of Surgical, Oncological and Oral Sciences, University of Palermo, Palermo, Italy
| | - Adriana Cordova
- Division of Plastic and Reconstructive Surgery, Department of Surgical, Oncological and Oral Sciences, University of Palermo, Palermo, Italy
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264
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Gómez RM, Sánchez MY, Portela-Lomba M, Ghotme K, Barreto GE, Sierra J, Moreno-Flores MT. Cell therapy for spinal cord injury with olfactory ensheathing glia cells (OECs). Glia 2018; 66:1267-1301. [PMID: 29330870 DOI: 10.1002/glia.23282] [Citation(s) in RCA: 72] [Impact Index Per Article: 12.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/25/2017] [Revised: 11/20/2017] [Accepted: 11/28/2017] [Indexed: 01/18/2023]
Abstract
The prospects of achieving regeneration in the central nervous system (CNS) have changed, as most recent findings indicate that several species, including humans, can produce neurons in adulthood. Studies targeting this property may be considered as potential therapeutic strategies to respond to injury or the effects of demyelinating diseases in the CNS. While CNS trauma may interrupt the axonal tracts that connect neurons with their targets, some neurons remain alive, as seen in optic nerve and spinal cord (SC) injuries (SCIs). The devastating consequences of SCIs are due to the immediate and significant disruption of the ascending and descending spinal pathways, which result in varying degrees of motor and sensory impairment. Recent therapeutic studies for SCI have focused on cell transplantation in animal models, using cells capable of inducing axon regeneration like Schwann cells (SchCs), astrocytes, genetically modified fibroblasts and olfactory ensheathing glia cells (OECs). Nevertheless, and despite the improvements in such cell-based therapeutic strategies, there is still little information regarding the mechanisms underlying the success of transplantation and regarding any secondary effects. Therefore, further studies are needed to clarify these issues. In this review, we highlight the properties of OECs that make them suitable to achieve neuroplasticity/neuroregeneration in SCI. OECs can interact with the glial scar, stimulate angiogenesis, axon outgrowth and remyelination, improving functional outcomes following lesion. Furthermore, we present evidence of the utility of cell therapy with OECs to treat SCI, both from animal models and clinical studies performed on SCI patients, providing promising results for future treatments.
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Affiliation(s)
- Rosa M Gómez
- Fundación de Neuroregeneración en Colombia, Grupo de investigación NeuroRec, Bogota D.C, Colombia
| | - Magdy Y Sánchez
- Fundación de Neuroregeneración en Colombia, Grupo de investigación NeuroRec, Bogota D.C, Colombia.,Maestría en Neurociencias, Universidad Nacional de Colombia, Bogota D.C, Colombia
| | - Maria Portela-Lomba
- Facultad de CC Experimentales, Universidad Francisco de Vitoria, Pozuelo de Alarcón, Madrid, Spain
| | - Kemel Ghotme
- Facultad de Medicina, Universidad de la Sabana, Chía, Colombia
| | - George E Barreto
- Departamento de Nutrición y Bioquímica, Facultad de Ciencias, Pontificia Universidad Javeriana, Bogota D.C, Colombia.,Instituto de Ciencias Biomédicas, Universidad Autónoma de Chile, Santiago, Chile
| | - Javier Sierra
- Facultad de CC Experimentales, Universidad Francisco de Vitoria, Pozuelo de Alarcón, Madrid, Spain
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265
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Liang C, Luo Y, Yang G, Xia D, Liu L, Zhang X, Wang H. Graphene Oxide Hybridized nHAC/PLGA Scaffolds Facilitate the Proliferation of MC3T3-E1 Cells. Nanoscale Res Lett 2018; 13:15. [PMID: 29327198 PMCID: PMC5764901 DOI: 10.1186/s11671-018-2432-6] [Citation(s) in RCA: 32] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/04/2017] [Accepted: 01/02/2018] [Indexed: 06/07/2023]
Abstract
Biodegradable porous biomaterial scaffolds play a critical role in bone regeneration. In this study, the porous nano-hydroxyapatite/collagen/poly(lactic-co-glycolic acid)/graphene oxide (nHAC/PLGA/GO) composite scaffolds containing different amount of GO were fabricated by freeze-drying method. The results show that the synthesized scaffolds possess a three-dimensional porous structure. GO slightly improves the hydrophilicity of the scaffolds and reinforces their mechanical strength. Young's modulus of the 1.5 wt% GO incorporated scaffold is greatly increased compared to the control sample. The in vitro experiments show that the nHAC/PLGA/GO (1.5 wt%) scaffolds significantly cell adhesion and proliferation of osteoblast cells (MC3T3-E1). This present study indicates that the nHAC/PLGA/GO scaffolds have excellent cytocompatibility and bone regeneration ability, thus it has high potential to be used as scaffolds in the field of bone tissue engineering.
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Affiliation(s)
- Chunyong Liang
- Research Institute for Energy Equipment Materials, Tianjin Key Laboratory of Materials Laminating Fabrication and Interface Control Technology, College of Materials Science and Engineering, Hebei University of Technology, Tianjin, 300130 China
| | - Yongchao Luo
- Research Institute for Energy Equipment Materials, Tianjin Key Laboratory of Materials Laminating Fabrication and Interface Control Technology, College of Materials Science and Engineering, Hebei University of Technology, Tianjin, 300130 China
| | - Guodong Yang
- Institute for Advanced Materials, Jiangsu University, Zhenjiang, People’s Republic of China
| | - Dan Xia
- Research Institute for Energy Equipment Materials, Tianjin Key Laboratory of Materials Laminating Fabrication and Interface Control Technology, College of Materials Science and Engineering, Hebei University of Technology, Tianjin, 300130 China
| | - Lei Liu
- Institute for Advanced Materials, Jiangsu University, Zhenjiang, People’s Republic of China
| | - Xiaomin Zhang
- Research Institute for Energy Equipment Materials, Tianjin Key Laboratory of Materials Laminating Fabrication and Interface Control Technology, College of Materials Science and Engineering, Hebei University of Technology, Tianjin, 300130 China
| | - Hongshui Wang
- Research Institute for Energy Equipment Materials, Tianjin Key Laboratory of Materials Laminating Fabrication and Interface Control Technology, College of Materials Science and Engineering, Hebei University of Technology, Tianjin, 300130 China
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266
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Nakhjavan-Shahraki B, Yousefifard M, Rahimi-Movaghar V, Baikpour M, Nasirinezhad F, Safari S, Yaseri M, Moghadas Jafari A, Ghelichkhani P, Tafakhori A, Hosseini M. Transplantation of olfactory ensheathing cells on functional recovery and neuropathic pain after spinal cord injury; systematic review and meta-analysis. Sci Rep 2018; 8:325. [PMID: 29321494 DOI: 10.1038/s41598-017-18754-4] [Citation(s) in RCA: 43] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/11/2016] [Accepted: 12/01/2017] [Indexed: 12/14/2022] Open
Abstract
There are considerable disagreements on the application of olfactory ensheathing cells (OEC) for spinal cord injury (SCI) rehabilitation. The present meta-analysis was designed to investigate the efficacy of OEC transplantation on motor function recovery and neuropathic pain alleviation in SCI animal models. Accordingly, all related studies were identified and included. Two independent researchers assessed the quality of the articles and summarized them by calculating standardized mean differences (SMD). OEC transplantation was shown to significantly improve functional recovery (SMD = 1.36; 95% confidence interval: 1.05–1.68; p < 0.001). The efficacy of this method was higher in thoracic injuries (SMD = 1.41; 95% confidence interval: 1.08–1.74; p < 0.001) and allogeneic transplants (SMD = 1.53; 95% confidence interval: 1.15–1.90; p < 0.001). OEC transplantation had no considerable effects on the improvement of hyperalgesia (SMD = −0.095; 95% confidence interval: −0.42–0.23; p = 0.57) but when the analyses were limited to studies with follow-up ≥8 weeks, it was associated with increased hyperalgesia (SMD = −0.66; 95% confidence interval: −1.28–0.04; p = 0.04). OEC transplantation did not affect SCI-induced allodynia (SMD = 0.54; 95% confidence interval: −0.80–1.87; p = 0.43). Our findings showed that OEC transplantation can significantly improve motor function post-SCI, but it has no effect on allodynia and might lead to relative aggravation of hyperalgesia.
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267
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Raghavankutty M, Jose GM, Sulaiman M, Kurup GM. Evaluating the biocompatibility of marine-derived chitosan–collagen polymeric blends for biomedical applications. J BIOACT COMPAT POL 2017. [DOI: 10.1177/0883911517747892] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/23/2022]
Abstract
The capability of biomaterials such as chitosan and collagen to support cell growth and proliferation makes them promising candidates in biomedical applications. Chitosan and collagen from marine world have already been proved to be better alternatives to those from terrestrial world. In the current study, chitosan and collagen were isolated from shrimp shell and fish skin, respectively. The polymers were characterized by ultraviolet-visible spectra analysis, Fourier transform infrared-attenuated total reflectance analysis, CHN analysis, and sodium dodedcyl sulfate polyacrylamide gel electrophoresis analysis. Interpenetrating blends of these polymers were synthesized in the form of films in two different ratios. Glutaraldehyde was used as an additional cross-linker to provide more stability to the blends. The polymeric blends were also characterized by Fourier transform infrared-attenuated total reflectance, scanning electron microscopy analysis, and swelling studies. The biocompatibility evaluation included hemocompatibility and cytocompatibility studies. Fourier transform infrared-attenuated total reflectance analysis of films confirmed the presence of characteristic functional groups and molecular interactions of the two polymers in the two blends. Homogenous blending of the two biopolymers in both film compositions was confirmed by the smooth surface images in scanning electron microscopy analysis. The swelling study revealed that both the films can effectively transfer water across it, hence nutrients and waste materials. During hemocompatibility evaluations, no red blood cell aggregation was observed and both the films adsorbed plasma proteins, predominantly albumin, when they made contact with blood. Although one of the films showed slightly higher hemolysis, the value was within the acceptable range. More than 90% viability obtained in 3-(4,5-dimethylthiazol-2-yl)-2,5-diphenyl tetrazolium bromide assay shows the non-toxic nature of the two films. No sign of morphological changes to L929 cells was seen when they were in direct contact with both films. Live/dead assay using acridine orange/ethidium bromide cocktail showed that the films have not induced apoptosis to the L929 cells, which further asserts their biocompatible nature.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Geena Mariya Jose
- Department of Biochemistry, University of Kerala, Thiruvananthapuram, India
| | - Mohsin Sulaiman
- Department of Aridland Agriculture, Faculty of Food and Agriculture, United Arab Emirates University, Al-Ain, UAE
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268
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Mili B, Das K, Kumar A, Saxena AC, Singh P, Ghosh S, Bag S. Preparation of NGF encapsulated chitosan nanoparticles and its evaluation on neuronal differentiation potentiality of canine mesenchymal stem cells. J Mater Sci Mater Med 2017; 29:4. [PMID: 29204722 DOI: 10.1007/s10856-017-6008-2] [Citation(s) in RCA: 28] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/05/2017] [Accepted: 11/23/2017] [Indexed: 06/07/2023]
Abstract
Sustained and controlled release of neurotrophic factors in target tissue through nanomaterial based delivery system could be a better strategy for nerve tissue regeneration. The present study aims to prepare the nerve growth factor (NGF) encapsulated chitosan nanoparticles (NGF-CNPs) and its evaluation on neuronal differentiation potentiality of canine bone marrow derived mesenchymal stem cells (cBM-MSCs). The NGF-CNPs were prepared by ionotropic gelation method with tripolyphosphate (TPP) as an ionic cross-linking agent. Observations on physiochemical properties displayed the size of nanoparticles as 80-90 nm with positive zeta potential as well as an ionic interaction between NGF and nanoparticle. NGF loading efficiency was found to be 61% while its sustained release was observed by an in vitro release kinetics study. These nanoparticles were found to be cytocompatible to cBM-MSCs when supplemented at a concentration upto 4 mg/ml in culture media. The NGF-CNP supplemented culture media was able to transdifferentiate the preinduced cBM-MSCs into neurons in a better way than unbound NGF supplementation. Further, it was also noticed that NGF-CNPs were able to transdifferentiate cBM-MSCs without any chemical based preinduction. In conclusion, our findings propose that NGF-CNPs are capable of releasing bioactive NGF with the ability to transdifferentiate mesenchymal stem cells into neurons, suggesting its potential future application in nerve tissue regeneration.
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Affiliation(s)
- Bhabesh Mili
- Division of Physiology and Climatology, ICAR-Indian Veterinary Research Institute, Izatnagar, UP, 243122, India
| | - Kinsuk Das
- Division of Physiology and Climatology, ICAR-Indian Veterinary Research Institute, Izatnagar, UP, 243122, India
| | - Ajay Kumar
- Biochemistry and Food Science Section, ICAR-Indian Veterinary Research Institute, Izatnagar, UP, 243122, India
| | - A C Saxena
- Division of Surgery, ICAR-Indian Veterinary Research Institute, Izatnagar, UP, 243122, India
| | - Praveen Singh
- Biophysics, Electron Microscopy and Instrumentation Section, ICAR-Indian Veterinary Research Institute, Izatnagar, UP, 243122, India
| | - Srikanta Ghosh
- Division of Parasitology, ICAR-Indian Veterinary Research Institute, Izatnagar, UP, 243122, India
| | - Sadhan Bag
- Division of Physiology and Climatology, ICAR-Indian Veterinary Research Institute, Izatnagar, UP, 243122, India.
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269
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Jiang S, Liu Y, Xu C, Wang Y, Gong J, Shen Y, Wu Q, Boeke JD, Dai J. Dissecting Nucleosome Function with a Comprehensive Histone H2A and H2B Mutant Library. G3 (Bethesda) 2017; 7:3857-66. [PMID: 29038170 DOI: 10.1534/g3.117.300252] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/17/2022]
Abstract
Using a comprehensive library of histone H2A and H2B mutants, we assessed the biological function of each amino acid residue involved in various stress conditions including exposure to different DNA damage-inducing reagents, different growth temperatures, and other chemicals. H2B N- and H2A C-termini were critical for maintaining nucleosome function and mutations in these regions led to pleiotropic phenotypes. Additionally, two screens were performed using this library, monitoring heterochromatin gene silencing and genome stability, to identify residues that could compromise normal function when mutated. Many distinctive regions within the nucleosome were revealed. Furthermore, we used the barcode sequencing (bar-seq) method to profile the mutant composition of many libraries in one high-throughput sequencing experiment, greatly reducing the labor and increasing the capacity. This study not only demonstrates the applications of the versatile histone library, but also reveals many previously unknown functions of histone H2A and H2B.
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270
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Gogoi P, Thakur AJ, Devi RR, Das B, Maji TK. Adsorption of As(V) from contaminated water over chitosan coated magnetite nanoparticle: Equilibrium and kinetics study. ACTA ACUST UNITED AC 2017. [DOI: 10.1016/j.enmm.2017.09.002] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/17/2022]
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271
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Truong DM, Boeke JD. Resetting the Yeast Epigenome with Human Nucleosomes. Cell 2017; 171:1508-1519.e13. [PMID: 29198523 DOI: 10.1016/j.cell.2017.10.043] [Citation(s) in RCA: 40] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/06/2017] [Revised: 09/11/2017] [Accepted: 10/24/2017] [Indexed: 01/23/2023]
Abstract
Humans and yeast are separated by a billion years of evolution, yet their conserved histones retain central roles in gene regulation. Here, we "reset" yeast to use core human nucleosomes in lieu of their own (a rare event taking 20 days), which initially only worked with variant H3.1. The cells adapt by acquiring suppressor mutations in cell-division genes or by acquiring certain aneuploid states. Converting five histone residues to their yeast counterparts restored robust growth. We reveal that humanized nucleosomes are positioned according to endogenous yeast DNA sequence and chromatin-remodeling network, as judged by a yeast-like nucleosome repeat length. However, human nucleosomes have higher DNA occupancy, globally reduce RNA content, and slow adaptation to new conditions by delaying chromatin remodeling. These humanized yeasts (including H3.3) pose fundamental new questions about how chromatin is linked to many cell processes and provide a platform to study histone variants via yeast epigenome reprogramming.
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272
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Khan AB, Thakur RS. Design and evaluation of mucoadhesive vaginal tablets of tenofovir disoproxil fumarate for pre-exposure prophylaxis of HIV. Drug Dev Ind Pharm 2017; 44:472-483. [PMID: 29082767 DOI: 10.1080/03639045.2017.1399272] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/18/2022]
Abstract
OBJECTIVE To design and evaluate novel, feasible, safe, mucoadhesive intravaginal tablets of tenofovir disoproxil fumarate (TDF). SIGNIFICANCE It may provide pre-exposure prophylaxis for women against HIV. METHODS TDF intravaginal tablets were formulated employing poylvinylpyrrolidone (PVP) as the matrix forming polymer and various mucoadhesive polymers such as carbopol 934, 940, chitosan, and sodium carboxymethylcellulose (SCMC). Wet granulation was used. The evaluation involved testing drug-excipient compatibility, precompression parameters such as percentage yield, bulk density and tapped density of the granules, Carr's index, Hausner ratio, angle of repose, post compression parameters such as color, shape, physical dimensions, weight variation, hardness, friability, swelling index, assay, in vitro dissolution study and ex vivo mucoadhesion studies. RESULTS Based on in vitro evaluation, C1 was selected as the best formulation and evaluated further for release kinetics, curve fitting analysis, absorption studies using liquid chromatography-mass spectrometry (LC-MS) technique and histopathological assessment in female Sprague-Dawley rats. C1 followed Higuchi model kinetics. Accelerated stability study was as per ICH guidelines by keeping C1 at 40 ± 2 °C and 75 ± 5% RH for six months. CONCLUSIONS C1 was selected as the best formulation due to better swelling index (65.93% at 24 h), prolonged release of 100.62% cumulative drug release (CDR) at 24 h, superior mucoadhesion force (35.93 × 102 dynes/cm2) and retention time (16 h). The study revealed that C1 remained stable for six months. C1 showed nil systemic absorption which is desirable and according to histopathological study, C1, exhibited minimal damage on the rat vaginal epithelium indicating safety.
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Affiliation(s)
- Arshad Bashir Khan
- a Department of Pharmaceutics, Krupanidhi College of Pharmacy , Rajiv Gandhi University of Health Sciences , Bangalore , India
| | - Ram Sharnagat Thakur
- a Department of Pharmaceutics, Krupanidhi College of Pharmacy , Rajiv Gandhi University of Health Sciences , Bangalore , India
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273
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Jiang S, Liu Y, Wang A, Qin Y, Luo M, Wu Q, Boeke JD, Dai J. Construction of Comprehensive Dosage-Matching Core Histone Mutant Libraries for Saccharomyces cerevisiae. Genetics 2017; 207:1263-73. [PMID: 29084817 DOI: 10.1534/genetics.117.300450] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/24/2017] [Accepted: 10/20/2017] [Indexed: 11/18/2022] Open
Abstract
Saccharomyces cerevisiae contains two genes for each core histone, which are presented as pairs under the control of a divergent promoter, i.e., HHT1-HHF1, HHT2-HHF2, HTA1-HTB1 and HTA2-HTB2HHT1-HHF1, and HHT2-HHF2 encode histone H3 and H4 with identical amino acid sequences but under the control of differently regulated promoters. Previous mutagenesis studies were carried out by deleting one pair and mutating the other one. Here, we present the design and construction of three additional libraries covering HTA1-HTB1, HTA2-HTB2, and HHT1-HHF1 respectively. Together with the previously described library of HHT2-HHF2 mutants, a systematic and complete collection of mutants for each of the eight core S. cerevisiae histone genes becomes available. Each designed mutant was incorporated into the genome, generating three more corresponding libraries of yeast strains. We demonstrated that, although, under normal growth conditions, strains with single-copy integrated histone genes lacked phenotypes, in some growth conditions, growth deficiencies were observed. Specifically, we showed that addition of a second copy of the mutant histone gene could rescue the lethality in some previously known mutants that cannot survive with a single copy. This resource enables systematic studies of function of each nucleosome residue in plasmid, single-copy, and double-copy integrated formats.
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274
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Mehrshad A, Shahraki M, Ehteshamfar S. Local Administration of Methylprednisolone Laden Hydrogel Enhances Functional Recovery of Transected Sciatic Nerve in Rat. Bull Emerg Trauma 2017; 5:231-239. [PMID: 29177169 DOI: 10.18869/acadpub.beat.5.4.509] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/09/2022] Open
Abstract
Objective To determine the effects of methylprednisolone-laden hydrogel loaded into a chitosan conduit on the functional recovery of peripheral nerve using a rat sciatic nerve regeneration model was assessed. Methods 10-mm sciatic nerve defect was bridged using a chitosan conduit (CHIT/CGP-Hydrogel) filled with CGP-hydrogel. In authograft group (AUTO) a segment of sciatic nerve was transected and reimplanted reversely. In methylprednisolone treated group (CHIT/MP) the conduit was filled with methylprednisolone-laden CGP-hydrogel. The regenerated fibers were studied within 16 weeks after surgery. Results The behavioral, functional and electrophysiological studies confirmed faster recovery of the regenerated axons in methylprednisolone treated group compared to CHIT/Hydrogel group (p<0.05). The mean ratios of gastrocnemius muscles weight were measured. There was statistically significant difference between the muscle weight ratios of CHIT/MP and CHIT/Hydrogel groups (p<0.05). Morphometric indices of regenerated fibers showed number and diameter of the myelinated fibers were significantly higher in CHIT/MP than in CHIT/Hydrogel group. Conclusion Methylprednisolone-laden hydrogel when loaded in a chitosan conduit resulted in improvement of functional recovery and quantitative morphometric indices of sciatic nerve.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ali Mehrshad
- Department of Basic Sciences, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, Urmia Branch, Islamic Azad University, Urmia, Iran
| | - Mohammad Shahraki
- Department Clinical Sciences, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, Shahid Bahonar University of Kerman, Kerman, Iran
| | - Shahin Ehteshamfar
- Department of Internal Medicine and Clinical Pathology, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, Urmia University, Urmia, Iran
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275
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Olguín Y, Campos C, Catalán J, Velásquez L, Osorio F, Montenegro I, Madrid A, Acevedo C. Effects of Liposomes Contained in Thermosensitive Hydrogels as Biomaterials Useful in Neural Tissue Engineering. Materials (Basel) 2017; 10:E1122. [PMID: 28937646 DOI: 10.3390/ma10101122] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/20/2017] [Revised: 09/16/2017] [Accepted: 09/20/2017] [Indexed: 12/20/2022]
Abstract
Advances in the generation of suitable thermosensitive hydrogels for the delivery of cells in neural tissue engineering demonstrate a delicate relationship between physical properties and capabilities to promote cell proliferation and differentiation. To improve the properties of these materials, it is possible to add liposomes for the controlled release of bioactive elements, which in turn can affect the physical and biological properties of the hydrogels. In the present investigation, different hydrogels based on Pluronic F127 have been formulated with the incorporation of chitosan and two types of liposomes of two different sizes. The rheological and thermal properties and their relation with the neurite proliferation and growth of the PC12 cell line were evaluated. Our results show that the incorporation of liposomes modifies the properties of the hydrogels dependent on the concentration of chitosan and the lipid type in the liposomes, which directly affect the capabilities of the hydrogels to promote the viability and differentiation of PC12 cells.
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276
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Church M, Smith KC, Alhussain MM, Pennings S, Fleming AB. Sas3 and Ada2(Gcn5)-dependent histone H3 acetylation is required for transcription elongation at the de-repressed FLO1 gene. Nucleic Acids Res 2017; 45:4413-4430. [PMID: 28115623 PMCID: PMC5416777 DOI: 10.1093/nar/gkx028] [Citation(s) in RCA: 17] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/07/2016] [Accepted: 01/19/2017] [Indexed: 01/12/2023] Open
Abstract
The Saccharomyces cerevisiae FLO1 gene encodes a cell wall protein that imparts cell-cell adhesion. FLO1 transcription is regulated via the antagonistic activities of the Tup1-Cyc8 co-repressor and Swi-Snf co-activator complexes. Tup1-Cyc8 represses transcription through the organization of strongly positioned, hypoacetylated nucleosomes across gene promoters. Swi-Snf catalyzes remodeling of these nucleosomes in a mechanism involving histone acetylation that is poorly understood. Here, we show that FLO1 de-repression is accompanied by Swi-Snf recruitment, promoter histone eviction and Sas3 and Ada2(Gcn5)-dependent histone H3K14 acetylation. In the absence of H3K14 acetylation, Swi-Snf recruitment and histone eviction proceed, but transcription is reduced, suggesting these processes, while essential, are not sufficient for de-repression. Further analysis in the absence of H3K14 acetylation reveals RNAP II recruitment at the FLO1 promoter still occurs, but RNAP II is absent from the gene-coding region, demonstrating Sas3 and Ada2-dependent histone H3 acetylation is required for transcription elongation. Analysis of the transcription kinetics at other genes reveals shared mechanisms coupled to a distinct role for histone H3 acetylation, essential at FLO1, downstream of initiation. We propose histone H3 acetylation in the coding region provides rate-limiting control during the transition from initiation to elongation which dictates whether the gene is permissive for transcription.
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Affiliation(s)
- Michael Church
- School of Genetics and Microbiology, University of Dublin, Trinity College Dublin, College Green, Dublin 2, Ireland
| | - Kim C Smith
- School of Genetics and Microbiology, University of Dublin, Trinity College Dublin, College Green, Dublin 2, Ireland
| | - Mohamed M Alhussain
- School of Genetics and Microbiology, University of Dublin, Trinity College Dublin, College Green, Dublin 2, Ireland
| | - Sari Pennings
- Queen's Medical Research Institute, University of Edinburgh, Edinburgh, EH16 4TJ, UK
| | - Alastair B Fleming
- School of Genetics and Microbiology, University of Dublin, Trinity College Dublin, College Green, Dublin 2, Ireland
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277
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Gámiz González MA, Edlund U, Vidaurre A, Gómez Ribelles JL. Synthesis of highly swellable hydrogels of water-soluble carboxymethyl chitosan and poly(ethylene glycol). POLYM INT 2017. [DOI: 10.1002/pi.5424] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/15/2023]
Affiliation(s)
| | - Ulrica Edlund
- Fibre and Polymer Technology; School of Chemical Science and Engineering, KTH Royal Institute of Technology; Stockholm Sweden
| | - Ana Vidaurre
- Centre for Biomaterials and Tissue Engineering; Universitat Politècnica de València; Spain
- Biomedical Research Networking Center in Bioengineering; Biomaterials and Nanomedicine (CIBER-BBN); Spain
| | - José Luís Gómez Ribelles
- Centre for Biomaterials and Tissue Engineering; Universitat Politècnica de València; Spain
- Biomedical Research Networking Center in Bioengineering; Biomaterials and Nanomedicine (CIBER-BBN); Spain
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278
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Zhang H, Wang L, Wen S, Xiang Q, Xiang X, Xu C, Wan Y, Wang J, Li B, Wan Y, Yang Z, Deng DYB. Magnetic resonance imaging tracking and assessing repair function of the bone marrow mesenchymal stem cells transplantation in a rat model of spinal cord injury. Oncotarget 2017; 8:58985-99. [PMID: 28938612 DOI: 10.18632/oncotarget.19775] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/25/2017] [Accepted: 07/12/2017] [Indexed: 12/12/2022] Open
Abstract
The transplantation of bone marrow mesenchymal stem cells (BMSCs) to repair spinal cord injury (SCI) has become a promising therapy. However, there is still a lack of visual evidence directly implicating the transplanted cells as the source of the improvement of spinal cord function. In this study, BMSCs were labeled with NF-200 promoter and lipase-activated gadolinium-containing nanoparticles (Gd-DTPA-FA). Double labeled BMSCs were implanted into spinal cord transaction injury in rat models in situ, the function recovery was evaluated on 1st, 7th, 14th, 28 th days by MRI, Diffusion Tensor Imaing, CT imaging and post-processing, and histological observations. BBB scores were used for assessing function recovery. After transplantation of BMSCs, the hypersignal emerged in spinal cord in T1WI starting at day 7 that was focused at the injection site, which then increased and extended until day 14. Subsequently, the increased signal intensity area rapidly spread from the injection site to entire injured segment lasting four weeks. The diffusion tensor tractography and histological analysis both showed the nerve fibre from dividing to connecting partly. Immunofluorescence showed higher expression of NF-200 in Repaired group than Injury group. Electron microscopy showed detachment and loose of myelin lamellar getting better in Repaired group compared with the Injury group. BBB scores in Repaired group were significantly higher than those of injury animals. Our study suggests that the migration and distribution of Gd-DTPA-FA labeled BMSCs can be tracked using MRI. Transplantation of BMSCs represents a promising potential strategy for the repair of SCI.
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279
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Niida H, Matsunuma R, Horiguchi R, Uchida C, Nakazawa Y, Motegi A, Nishimoto K, Sakai S, Ohhata T, Kitagawa K, Moriwaki S, Nishitani H, Ui A, Ogi T, Kitagawa M. Phosphorylated HBO1 at UV irradiated sites is essential for nucleotide excision repair. Nat Commun 2017; 8:16102. [PMID: 28719581 DOI: 10.1038/ncomms16102] [Citation(s) in RCA: 22] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Abstract] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/22/2016] [Accepted: 05/30/2017] [Indexed: 12/22/2022] Open
Abstract
HBO1, a histone acetyl transferase, is a co-activator of DNA pre-replication complex formation. We recently reported that HBO1 is phosphorylated by ATM and/or ATR and binds to DDB2 after ultraviolet irradiation. Here, we show that phosphorylated HBO1 at cyclobutane pyrimidine dimer (CPD) sites mediates histone acetylation to facilitate recruitment of XPC at the damaged DNA sites. Furthermore, HBO1 facilitates accumulation of SNF2H and ACF1, an ATP-dependent chromatin remodelling complex, to CPD sites. Depletion of HBO1 inhibited repair of CPDs and sensitized cells to ultraviolet irradiation. However, depletion of HBO1 in cells derived from xeroderma pigmentosum patient complementation groups, XPE, XPC and XPA, did not lead to additional sensitivity towards ultraviolet irradiation. Our findings suggest that HBO1 acts in concert with SNF2H-ACF1 to make the chromosome structure more accessible to canonical nucleotide excision repair factors.
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280
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Affiliation(s)
- Xiaoyan Wang
- Protein Science Key Laboratory of the Ministry of Education, School of Medicine, Tsinghua University, Beijing, P. R. China
- Department of Chemistry and Biology, College of Science, National University of Defense Technology, Changsha, P. R. China
| | - Liyuan Li
- Protein Science Key Laboratory of the Ministry of Education, School of Medicine, Tsinghua University, Beijing, P. R. China
| | - Shangfeng Liu
- Protein Science Key Laboratory of the Ministry of Education, School of Medicine, Tsinghua University, Beijing, P. R. China
- Department of Stomatology, Huashan Hospital, Fudan University, Shanghai, P. R. China
| | - Zhao Wang
- Protein Science Key Laboratory of the Ministry of Education, School of Medicine, Tsinghua University, Beijing, P. R. China
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281
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Bombaldi de Souza RF, Bombaldi de Souza FC, Moraes ÂM. Analysis of the performance of polysaccharide membranes in aqueous media as a tool to assist wound-dressing selection. J Appl Polym Sci 2017. [DOI: 10.1002/app.45386] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/17/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Renata Francielle Bombaldi de Souza
- Department of Engineering of Materials and of Bioprocesses; School of Chemical Engineering, University of Campinas; Avenida Albert Einstein 500 Campinas São Paulo - CEP 13083-852 Brazil
| | - Fernanda Carla Bombaldi de Souza
- Department of Engineering of Materials and of Bioprocesses; School of Chemical Engineering, University of Campinas; Avenida Albert Einstein 500 Campinas São Paulo - CEP 13083-852 Brazil
| | - Ângela Maria Moraes
- Department of Engineering of Materials and of Bioprocesses; School of Chemical Engineering, University of Campinas; Avenida Albert Einstein 500 Campinas São Paulo - CEP 13083-852 Brazil
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282
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Abstract
trans-Caryophyllene (TC) is a major component found in the essential oils of many spices and foods/medicinal plants. It is a natural sesquiterpene and has been the subject of numerous studies. However, the effects of TC on vascular inflammation remain unknown. In this study, we reported that TC treatment in human umbilical vein endothelial cells (HUVECs) prevented attachment of monocytic leukemia cell line THP-1 cells to endothelial cells. In addition, in vivo results indicate that TC inhibited macrophage infiltration to the aortic surface and reduced total serum levels of cholesterol and triglycerides. Importantly, administration of TC could inhibit the induction of vascular cell adhesion molecule-1 (VCAM-1) both in vitro and in vivo. Notably, our data indicate that the inhibitory effects of TC on the expression of VCAM-1 are mediated by the JAK2/STAT1/IRF-1 pathway. TC is a specific agonist of the type 2 cannabinoid receptor (CB2R). Importantly, we further verified that the inhibitory effects of TC on the expression of IRF-1 and VCAM-1 are dependent on activation of CB2R. Inhibition of CB2R by either specific inhibitors or RNA interference abolished the inhibitory effects of TC on the expression of IRF-1 and VCAM-1. Our results suggest that TC might have a capacity to suppress the development of atherosclerosis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Zhen Zhang
- Department of Pediatric ICU, The First Affiliated Hospital of Jilin University, Changchun 130021, Jilin, China
| | - Chunfeng Yang
- Department of Pediatric ICU, The First Affiliated Hospital of Jilin University, Changchun 130021, Jilin, China
| | - Xinlun Dai
- Clinical Medical College, The First Affiliated Hospital of Jilin University, Changchun 130021, Jilin, China
| | - Yu Ao
- Department of Pediatric ICU, The First Affiliated Hospital of Jilin University, Changchun 130021, Jilin, China
| | - Yumei Li
- Department of Pediatric ICU, The First Affiliated Hospital of Jilin University, Changchun 130021, Jilin, China.
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283
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Li C, Che LH, Shi L, Yu JL. Suppression of Basic Fibroblast Growth Factor Expression by Antisense Oligonucleotides Inhibits Neural Stem Cell Proliferation and Differentiation in Rat models With Focal Cerebral Infarction. J Cell Biochem 2017; 118:3875-3882. [PMID: 28390174 DOI: 10.1002/jcb.26038] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/22/2017] [Accepted: 04/07/2017] [Indexed: 12/13/2022]
Abstract
This study is designed to investigate the role of basic fibroblast growth factor (bFGF) antisense oligonucleotide (ASODN) on the proliferation and differentiation of neural stem cells (NSCs) in rat models with focal cerebral infarction (CI). Seventy-five Sprague-Dawlay (SD) rats were randomly divided into the control, sham, middle cerebral artery occlusion (MCAO), MCAO + nonsense oligonucleotide (NODN), and MCAO + ASODN groups. Proliferation and differentiation of NSCs were detected by bromodeoxyuridine (BrdU) and immunofluorescence staining, respectively. ELISA was performed to detect the expressions of endogenous factors that include insulin-like growth factor 1 (IGF-1), glial cell line derived neurotrophic factor (GDNF), brain-derived neurotrophic factor (BDNF), transforming growth factor-α1 (TGF-α1), bFGF, and nerve growth factor (NGF). Results show significant neurological deficits and focal CI in the MCAO and MCAO + NODN groups. An obvious increase of NSC proliferation, reactive proliferation of astrocytes in CI areas, differentiation of newly proliferated NSCs into mature neuronal cells, and expressions of endogenous growth factors exhibited in the MCAO, MCAO + NODN and MCAO + ASODN groups. Compared to the MCAO and MACO + NODN groups, the MCAO + ASODN group showed a significant decrease NSC proliferation and differentiation in CI areas as well as decrease expressions of endogenous growth factors. These findings may offer insight to help us understand more as to how bFGF ASODN can effectively suppress the proliferation and differentiation of NSCs. These findings are expected to help contribute to research for new targets in the treatment of focal CI. J. Cell. Biochem. 118: 3875-3882, 2017. © 2017 Wiley Periodicals, Inc.
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Affiliation(s)
- Chao Li
- Department of Neurology, The First Hospital of Jilin University, Changchun, 130021, P.R. China
| | - Li-He Che
- Department of Infectious Diseases, The First Hospital of Jilin University, Changchun, 130021,, P.R. China
| | - Lei Shi
- Department of Neurosurgery, The First Hospital of Jilin University, Changchun, 130021,, P.R. China
| | - Jin-Lu Yu
- Department of Neurosurgery, The First Hospital of Jilin University, Changchun, 130021,, P.R. China
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284
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Wang G, Wang X, Huang L. Feasibility of chitosan-alginate (Chi-Alg) hydrogel used as scaffold for neural tissue engineering: a pilot studyin vitro. BIOTECHNOL BIOTEC EQ 2017. [DOI: 10.1080/13102818.2017.1332493] [Citation(s) in RCA: 21] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/07/2023] Open
Affiliation(s)
- Gan Wang
- Department of Chemistry and Biology, College of Science, National University of Defense Technology, Changsha, PR China
| | - Xiaoyan Wang
- Department of Chemistry and Biology, College of Science, National University of Defense Technology, Changsha, PR China
| | - Lixiang Huang
- Department of Chemistry and Biology, College of Science, National University of Defense Technology, Changsha, PR China
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285
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Sheikholeslami ZS, Salimi-Kenari H, Imani M, Atai M, Nodehi A. Exploring the effect of formulation parameters on the particle size of carboxymethyl chitosan nanoparticles prepared via reverse micellar crosslinking. J Microencapsul 2017; 34:270-279. [DOI: 10.1080/02652048.2017.1321047] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/19/2022]
Affiliation(s)
| | - Hamed Salimi-Kenari
- Faculty of Engineering & Technology, University of Mazandaran, Babolsar, Iran
| | - Mohammad Imani
- Novel Drug Delivery Systems Department, Iran Polymer and Petrochemical Institute, Tehran, Iran
| | - Mohammad Atai
- Polymer Science Department, Iran Polymer and Petrochemical Institute, Tehran, Iran
| | - Azizollah Nodehi
- Process Modeling and Control Department, Iran Polymer and Petrochemical Institute, Tehran, Iran
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286
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Hodges AJ, Gloss LM, Wyrick JJ. Residues in the Nucleosome Acidic Patch Regulate Histone Occupancy and Are Important for FACT Binding in Saccharomyces cerevisiae. Genetics 2017; 206:1339-48. [PMID: 28468903 DOI: 10.1534/genetics.117.201939] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/08/2017] [Accepted: 04/22/2017] [Indexed: 01/02/2023] Open
Abstract
The essential histone chaperone FACT plays a critical role in DNA replication, repair, and transcription, primarily by binding to histone H2A-H2B dimers and regulating their assembly into nucleosomes. While FACT histone chaperone activity has been extensively studied, the exact nature of the H2A and H2B residues important for FACT binding remains controversial. In this study, we characterized the functions of residues in the histone H2A and H2B acidic patch, which is important for binding many chromatin-associated factors. We found that mutations in essential acidic patch residues cause a defect in histone occupancy in yeast, even though most of these histone mutants are expressed normally in yeast and form stable nucleosomes in vitro Instead, we show that two acidic patch residues, H2B L109 and H2A E57, are important for histone binding to FACT in vivo We systematically screened mutants in other H2A and H2B residues previously suspected to be important for FACT binding and confirmed the importance of H2B M62 using an in-vivo FACT-binding assay. Furthermore, we show that, like deletion mutants in FACT subunits, an H2A E57 and H2B M62 double mutant is lethal in yeast. In summary, we show that residues in the nucleosome acidic patch promote histone occupancy and are important for FACT binding to H2A-H2B dimers in yeast.
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287
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Lee JW, An H, Lee KY. Introduction of N-cadherin-binding motif to alginate hydrogels for controlled stem cell differentiation. Colloids Surf B Biointerfaces 2017; 155:229-237. [PMID: 28432956 DOI: 10.1016/j.colsurfb.2017.04.014] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/05/2017] [Revised: 03/09/2017] [Accepted: 04/07/2017] [Indexed: 01/09/2023]
Abstract
Control of stem cell fate and phenotype using biomimetic synthetic extracellular matrices (ECMs) is an important tissue engineering approach. Many studies have focused on improving cell-matrix interactions. However, proper control of cell-cell interactions using synthetic ECMs could be critical for tissue engineering, especially with undifferentiated stem cells. In this study, alginate hydrogels were modified with a peptide derived from the low-density lipoprotein receptor-related protein 5 (LRP5), which is known to bind to N-cadherin, as a cell-cell interaction motif. In vitro changes in the morphology and differentiation of mouse bone marrow stromal cells (D1 stem cells) cultured in LRP5-alginate hydrogels were investigated. LRP5-alginate gels successfully induced stem cell aggregation and enhanced chondrogenic differentiation of D1 stem cells, compared to RGD-alginate gels, at low cell density. This approach to tailoring synthetic biomimetic ECMs using cell-cell interaction motifs may be critical in tissue engineering approaches using stem cells.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jae Won Lee
- Department of Bioengineering, Hanyang University, Seoul 04763, Republic of Korea
| | - Hyoseok An
- Department of Bioengineering, Hanyang University, Seoul 04763, Republic of Korea
| | - Kuen Yong Lee
- Department of Bioengineering, Hanyang University, Seoul 04763, Republic of Korea; Institute of Nano Science and Technology, Hanyang University, Seoul 04763, Republic of Korea.
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288
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Wu H, Lei P, Liu G, Shrike Zhang Y, Yang J, Zhang L, Xie J, Niu W, Liu H, Ruan J, Hu Y, Zhang C. Reconstruction of Large-scale Defects with a Novel Hybrid Scaffold Made from Poly(L-lactic acid)/Nanohydroxyapatite/Alendronate-loaded Chitosan Microsphere: in vitro and in vivo Studies. Sci Rep 2017; 7:359. [PMID: 28337023 PMCID: PMC5428684 DOI: 10.1038/s41598-017-00506-z] [Citation(s) in RCA: 26] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/29/2016] [Accepted: 02/28/2017] [Indexed: 01/26/2023] Open
Abstract
A chitosan-based microsphere delivery system has been fabricated for controlled release of alendronate (AL). The present study aimed to incorporate the chitosan/hydroxyapatite microspheres-loaded with AL (CH/nHA-AL) into poly(L-lactic acid)/nanohydroxyapatite (PLLA/nHA) matrix to prepare a novel microspheres-scaffold hybrid system (CM-ALs) for drug delivery and bone tissue engineering application. The characteristics of CM-ALs scaffolds containing 10% and 20% CH/nHA-AL were evaluated in vitro, including surface morphology and porosity, mechanical properties, drug release, degradation, and osteogenic differentiation. The in vivo bone repair for large segmental radius defects (1.5 cm) in a rabbit model was evaluated by radiography and histology. In vitro study showed more sustained drug release of CM-AL-containing scaffolds than these of CM/nHA-AL and PLLA/nHA/AL scaffolds, and the mechanical and degradation properties of CM-ALs (10%) scaffolds were comparable to that of PLLA/nHA control. The osteogenic differentiation of adipose-derived stem cells (ASCs) was significantly enhanced as indicated by increased alkaline phosphates (ALP) activity and calcium deposition. In vivo study further showed better performance of CM-ALs (10%) scaffolds with complete repair of large-sized bone defects within 8 weeks. A microspheres-scaffold-based release system containing AL-encapsulated chitosan microspheres was successfully fabricated in this study. Our results suggested the promising application of CM-ALs (10%) scaffolds for drug delivery and bone tissue engineering.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hongwei Wu
- Department of Orthopedics, Hunan Cancer Hospital and The Affiliated Cancer Hospital of Xiangya School of Medicine, Central South University, Changsha, 410013, Hunan, China
| | - Pengfei Lei
- Department of Orthopedics, Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, Changsha, 410011, China.,Department of Orthopedics, Brigham and Women's Hospital, Harvard Medical School, Boston, Massachusetts, 02115, United States
| | - Gengyan Liu
- Department of Orthopedics, The Third Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, Changsha, 410013, China
| | - Yu Shrike Zhang
- Biomaterials Innovation Research Centre, Department of Medicine, Brigham and Women's Hospital, Harvard Medical School, Cambridge, Massachusetts, 02115, USA
| | - Jingzhou Yang
- Biomaterials Innovation Research Centre, Department of Medicine, Brigham and Women's Hospital, Harvard Medical School, Cambridge, Massachusetts, 02115, USA
| | - Longbo Zhang
- Department of Neurosurgery, Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, Changsha, 410011, China.,Department of Neurosurgery, School of Medicine, Yale University, New Haven, Connecticut, USA
| | - Jie Xie
- Department of Orthopedics, Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, Changsha, 410011, China
| | - Wanting Niu
- Department of Orthopedics, Brigham and Women's Hospital, Harvard Medical School, Boston, Massachusetts, 02115, United States.,Department of Orthopedics, VA Boston Healthcare System, Boston, MA, USA
| | - Hua Liu
- Biomaterials Innovation Research Centre, Department of Medicine, Brigham and Women's Hospital, Harvard Medical School, Cambridge, Massachusetts, 02115, USA.,Dr. Li Dak Sum & Yip Yio Chin Center for Stem Cell and Regenerative Medicine, School of Medicine, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, 310058, China
| | - Jianming Ruan
- Powder Metallurgy Research Institute, Central South University, Changsha, 410083, Hunan, China
| | - Yihe Hu
- Department of Orthopedics, Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, Changsha, 410011, China.
| | - Chaoyue Zhang
- Department of Orthopedics, The Third Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, Changsha, 410013, China.
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289
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Young CP, Hillyer C, Hokamp K, Fitzpatrick DJ, Konstantinov NK, Welty JS, Ness SA, Werner-Washburne M, Fleming AB, Osley MA. Distinct histone methylation and transcription profiles are established during the development of cellular quiescence in yeast. BMC Genomics 2017; 18:107. [PMID: 28122508 PMCID: PMC5267397 DOI: 10.1186/s12864-017-3509-9] [Citation(s) in RCA: 27] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/28/2016] [Accepted: 01/18/2017] [Indexed: 12/19/2022] Open
Abstract
Background Quiescent cells have a low level of gene activity compared to growing cells. Using a yeast model for cellular quiescence, we defined the genome-wide profiles of three species of histone methylation associated with active transcription between growing and quiescent cells, and correlated these profiles with the presence of RNA polymerase II and transcripts. Results Quiescent cells retained histone methylations normally associated with transcriptionally active chromatin and had many transcripts in common with growing cells. Quiescent cells also contained significant levels of RNA polymerase II, but only low levels of the canonical initiating and elongating forms of the polymerase. The RNA polymerase II associated with genes in quiescent cells displayed a distinct occupancy profile compared to its pattern of occupancy across genes in actively growing cells. Although transcription is generally repressed in quiescent cells, analysis of individual genes identified a period of active transcription during the development of quiescence. Conclusions The data suggest that the transcript profile and histone methylation marks in quiescent cells were established both in growing cells and during the development of quiescence and then retained in these cells. Together, this might ensure that quiescent cells can rapidly adapt to a changing environment to resume growth. Electronic supplementary material The online version of this article (doi:10.1186/s12864-017-3509-9) contains supplementary material, which is available to authorized users.
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Affiliation(s)
- Conor P Young
- Department of Microbiology, Moyne Institute of Preventive Medicine, School of Genetics and Microbiology, University of Dublin, Trinity College Dublin, Dublin, Ireland
| | - Cory Hillyer
- Department of Microbiology and Molecular Genetics, University of New Mexico School of Medicine, Albuquerque, NM, USA
| | - Karsten Hokamp
- Smurfit Institute of Genetics, School of Genetics and Microbiology, University of Dublin, Trinity College Dublin, Dublin, Ireland
| | - Darren J Fitzpatrick
- Smurfit Institute of Genetics, School of Genetics and Microbiology, University of Dublin, Trinity College Dublin, Dublin, Ireland
| | | | | | - Scott A Ness
- Division of Molecular Medicine, Department of Internal Medicine, University of New Mexico School of Medicine, Albuquerque, NM, USA
| | | | - Alastair B Fleming
- Department of Microbiology, Moyne Institute of Preventive Medicine, School of Genetics and Microbiology, University of Dublin, Trinity College Dublin, Dublin, Ireland.
| | - Mary Ann Osley
- Department of Microbiology and Molecular Genetics, University of New Mexico School of Medicine, Albuquerque, NM, USA.
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290
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Augestad IL, Nyman AKG, Costa AI, Barnett SC, Sandvig A, Håberg AK, Sandvig I. Effects of Neural Stem Cell and Olfactory Ensheathing Cell Co-transplants on Tissue Remodelling After Transient Focal Cerebral Ischemia in the Adult Rat. Neurochem Res 2017; 42:1599-609. [PMID: 28120153 DOI: 10.1007/s11064-016-2098-3] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/30/2016] [Revised: 10/27/2016] [Accepted: 11/01/2016] [Indexed: 02/08/2023]
Abstract
Effective transplant-mediated repair of ischemic brain lesions entails extensive tissue remodeling, especially in the ischemic core. Neural stem cells (NSCs) are promising reparative candidates for stroke induced lesions, however, their survival and integration with the host-tissue post-transplantation is poor. In this study, we address this challenge by testing whether co-grafting of NSCs with olfactory ensheathing cells (OECs), a special type of glia with proven neuroprotective, immunomodulatory, and angiogenic effects, can promote graft survival and host tissue remodelling. Transient focal cerebral ischemia was induced in adult rats by a 60-min middle cerebral artery occlusion (MCAo) followed by reperfusion. Ischemic lesions were verified by neurological testing and magnetic resonance imaging. Transplantation into the globus pallidus of NSCs alone or in combination with OECs was performed at two weeks post-MCAo, followed by histological analyses at three weeks post-transplantation. We found evidence of extensive vascular remodelling in the ischemic core as well as evidence of NSC motility away from the graft and into the infarct border in severely lesioned animals co-grafted with OECs. These findings support a possible role of OECs as part of an in situ tissue engineering paradigm for transplant mediated repair of ischemic brain lesions.
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291
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Abstract
The repair of central nervous system (CNS) injury has been a worldwide problem in the biomedical field. How to reduce the damage to the CNS and promote the reconstruction of the damaged nervous system structure and function recovery has always been the concern of nerve tissue engineering. Multiple differentiation potentials of neural stem cell (NSC) determine the application value for the repair of the CNS injury. Thus, how to regulate the behavior of NSCs becomes the key to treating the CNS injury. So far, a large number of researchers have devoted themselves to searching for a better way to regulate the behavior of NSCs. This paper summarizes the effects of different factors on the behavior of NSCs in the past 10 years, especially on the proliferation and differentiation of NSCs. The final purpose of this review is to provide a more detailed theoretical basis for the clinical repair of the CNS injury by nerve tissue engineering.
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Affiliation(s)
- Lixiang Huang
- Department of Chemistry and Biology, College of Science, National University of Defense Technology, Changsha, Hunan 410073, China
| | - Gan Wang
- Department of Chemistry and Biology, College of Science, National University of Defense Technology, Changsha, Hunan 410073, China
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292
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Dai Z, Lu Q, Quan Q, Mo R, Zhou C, Hong P, Li C. Novel low temperature (<37 °C) chitosan hydrogel fabrication under the synergistic effect of graphene oxide. NEW J CHEM 2017. [DOI: 10.1039/c6nj03509d] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/12/2022]
Abstract
A low temperature chitosan hydrogel was fabricated under the synergistic effect of graphene oxide, and may be applied in hydrogel medical coatings.
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Affiliation(s)
- Zhenqing Dai
- College of Food Science and Technology
- Guangdong Ocean University
- Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Aquatic Product Processing and Safety
- Guangdong Provincial Engineering Technology Research Center of Marine Food
- Key Laboratory of Advanced Processing of Aquatic Products of Guangdong Higher Education Institution
| | - Qiongfang Lu
- College of Food Science and Technology
- Guangdong Ocean University
- Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Aquatic Product Processing and Safety
- Guangdong Provincial Engineering Technology Research Center of Marine Food
- Key Laboratory of Advanced Processing of Aquatic Products of Guangdong Higher Education Institution
| | - Qinguo Quan
- College of Food Science and Technology
- Guangdong Ocean University
- Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Aquatic Product Processing and Safety
- Guangdong Provincial Engineering Technology Research Center of Marine Food
- Key Laboratory of Advanced Processing of Aquatic Products of Guangdong Higher Education Institution
| | - Rijian Mo
- College of Food Science and Technology
- Guangdong Ocean University
- Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Aquatic Product Processing and Safety
- Guangdong Provincial Engineering Technology Research Center of Marine Food
- Key Laboratory of Advanced Processing of Aquatic Products of Guangdong Higher Education Institution
| | - Chunxia Zhou
- College of Food Science and Technology
- Guangdong Ocean University
- Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Aquatic Product Processing and Safety
- Guangdong Provincial Engineering Technology Research Center of Marine Food
- Key Laboratory of Advanced Processing of Aquatic Products of Guangdong Higher Education Institution
| | - Pengzhi Hong
- College of Food Science and Technology
- Guangdong Ocean University
- Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Aquatic Product Processing and Safety
- Guangdong Provincial Engineering Technology Research Center of Marine Food
- Key Laboratory of Advanced Processing of Aquatic Products of Guangdong Higher Education Institution
| | - Chengyong Li
- College of Food Science and Technology
- Guangdong Ocean University
- Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Aquatic Product Processing and Safety
- Guangdong Provincial Engineering Technology Research Center of Marine Food
- Key Laboratory of Advanced Processing of Aquatic Products of Guangdong Higher Education Institution
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293
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294
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Shan J, Chen L, Lu K. Protective effects of trans-caryophyllene on maintaining osteoblast function. IUBMB Life 2016; 69:22-29. [PMID: 28026135 DOI: 10.1002/iub.1584] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/24/2016] [Accepted: 10/18/2016] [Indexed: 11/10/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Jinghua Shan
- Department of Anesthesia; Affiliated Hospital of Weifang Medical University; Weifang Shandong Province China
| | - Lixia Chen
- Department of Anesthesia; Affiliated Hospital of Weifang Medical University; Weifang Shandong Province China
| | - Keliang Lu
- Department of Anesthesia; Affiliated Hospital of Weifang Medical University; Weifang Shandong Province China
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295
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Venkatesh S, Li H, Gogol MM, Workman JL. Selective suppression of antisense transcription by Set2-mediated H3K36 methylation. Nat Commun 2016; 7:13610. [PMID: 27892455 PMCID: PMC5133703 DOI: 10.1038/ncomms13610] [Citation(s) in RCA: 52] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/20/2016] [Accepted: 10/19/2016] [Indexed: 12/19/2022] Open
Abstract
Maintenance of a regular chromatin structure over the coding regions of genes occurs co-transcriptionally via the ‘chromatin resetting' pathway. One of the central players in this pathway is the histone methyltransferase Set2. Here we show that the loss of Set2 in yeast, Saccharomyces cerevisiae, results in transcription initiation of antisense RNAs embedded within body of protein-coding genes. These RNAs are distinct from the previously identified non-coding RNAs and cover 11% of the yeast genome. These RNA species have been named Set2-repressed antisense transcripts (SRATs) since the co-transcriptional addition of the H3K36 methyl mark by Set2 over their start sites results in their suppression. Interestingly, loss of chromatin resetting factor Set2 or the subsequent production of SRATs does not affect the abundance of the sense transcripts. This difference in transcriptional outcomes of overlapping transcripts due to a strand-independent addition of H3K36 methylation is a key regulatory feature of interleaved transcriptomes. Maintenance of chromatin structure in coding regions is partially dependent on transcription, with histone methyltransferase Set2 playing a role in this process. Here, the authors provide evidence that Set2 regulates repression of a specific set of antisense RNAs embedded within the coding genes.
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Affiliation(s)
- Swaminathan Venkatesh
- Stowers Institute for Medical Research, 1000 E. 50th Street, Kansas City, Missouri 64110, USA
| | - Hua Li
- Stowers Institute for Medical Research, 1000 E. 50th Street, Kansas City, Missouri 64110, USA
| | - Madelaine M Gogol
- Stowers Institute for Medical Research, 1000 E. 50th Street, Kansas City, Missouri 64110, USA
| | - Jerry L Workman
- Stowers Institute for Medical Research, 1000 E. 50th Street, Kansas City, Missouri 64110, USA
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296
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Bonfanti R, Musumeci T, Russo C, Pellitteri R. The protective effect of curcumin in Olfactory Ensheathing Cells exposed to hypoxia. Eur J Pharmacol 2016; 796:62-68. [PMID: 27889433 DOI: 10.1016/j.ejphar.2016.11.038] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/22/2016] [Revised: 11/15/2016] [Accepted: 11/22/2016] [Indexed: 01/21/2023]
Abstract
Curcumin, a phytochemical component derived from the rhizomes of Curcuma longa, has shown a great variety of pharmacological activities, such as anti-inflammatory, anti-tumor, anti-depression and anti-oxidant activity. Therefore, in the last years it has been used as a therapeutic agent since it confers protection in different neurodegenerative diseases, cerebral ischemia and excitotoxicity. Olfactory Ensheathing Cells (OECs) are glial cells of the olfactory system. They are able to secrete several neurotrophic growth factors, promote axonal growth and support the remyelination of damaged axons. OEC transplantation has emerged as a possible experimental therapy to induce repair of spinal cord injury, even if the functional recovery is still limited. Since hypoxia is a secondary effect in spinal cord injury, this in vitro study investigates the protective effect of curcumin in OECs exposed to hypoxia. Primary OECs were obtained from neonatal rat olfactory bulbs and placed both in normal and hypoxic conditions. Furthermore, some cells were grown with basic Fibroblast Growth Factor (bFGF) and/or curcumin at different concentration and times. The results obtained through immunocytochemical procedures and MTT test show that curcumin stimulates cell viability in OECs grown in normal and hypoxic conditions. Furthermore, the synergistic effect of curcumin and bFGF is the most effective exerting protection on OECs. Since spinal cord injury is often accompanied by secondary insults, such as ischemia or hypoxia, our results suggest that curcumin in combination with bFGF might be considered a possible approach for restoration in injuries.
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Affiliation(s)
- Roberta Bonfanti
- Institute of Neurological Sciences, CNR, Section of Catania, Via P. Gaifami 18, 95126 Catania, Italy.
| | - Teresa Musumeci
- Department of Drug Science, University of Catania, Viale A. Doria 6, 95125 Catania, Italy.
| | - Cristina Russo
- Department of Biomedical and Biotechnological Science, University of Catania, Viale A. Doria 6, 95125 Catania, Italy.
| | - Rosalia Pellitteri
- Institute of Neurological Sciences, CNR, Section of Catania, Via P. Gaifami 18, 95126 Catania, Italy.
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297
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Pinho AC, Fonseca AC, Serra AC, Santos JD, Coelho JFJ. Peripheral Nerve Regeneration: Current Status and New Strategies Using Polymeric Materials. Adv Healthc Mater 2016; 5:2732-2744. [PMID: 27600578 DOI: 10.1002/adhm.201600236] [Citation(s) in RCA: 63] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/02/2016] [Indexed: 12/16/2022]
Abstract
Experiments concerning peripheral nerve regeneration have been reported since the end of the 19th century. The need to implement an effective surgical procedure in terms of functional recovery has resulted in the appearance of several approaches to solve this problem. Nerve autograft was the first approach studied and is still considered the gold standard. Since autografts require donor harvesting, other strategies involving the use of natural materials have also been studied. Nevertheless, the results were not very encouraging and attention has moved towards the use of nerve conduits made from polymers, whose properties can be easily tailored and which allow the nerve conduit to be easily processed into a variety of shapes and forms. Some of these materials are already approved by the US Food and Drug Administration (FDA), as is presented here. Furthermore, polymers with conductive properties have very recently been subject to intensive study in this field, since it is believed that such properties have a positive influence in the regeneration of the new axons. This manuscript intends to give a global view of the mechanisms involved in peripheral nerve regeneration and the main strategies used to recover motor and sensorial function of injured nerves.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ana C. Pinho
- CEMUC Department of Chemical Engineering; University of Coimbra; Rua Sílvio Lima-Pólo II 3030-790 Coimbra Portugal
| | - Ana C. Fonseca
- CEMUC Department of Chemical Engineering; University of Coimbra; Rua Sílvio Lima-Pólo II 3030-790 Coimbra Portugal
| | - Arménio C. Serra
- CEMUC Department of Chemical Engineering; University of Coimbra; Rua Sílvio Lima-Pólo II 3030-790 Coimbra Portugal
| | - José D. Santos
- CEMUC Department of Metallurgical and Materials Engineering; University of Porto; Rua Dr Roberto Frias 4200-465 Porto Portugal
| | - Jorge F. J. Coelho
- CEMUC Department of Chemical Engineering; University of Coimbra; Rua Sílvio Lima-Pólo II 3030-790 Coimbra Portugal
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298
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Studer RA, Rodriguez-Mias RA, Haas KM, Hsu JI, Vieitez C, Sole C, Swaney DL, Stanford LB, Liachko I, Bottcher R, Dunham MJ, de Nadal E, Posas F, Beltrao P, Villen J. Evolution of protein phosphorylation across 18 fungal species. Science 2016; 354:229-232. [DOI: 10.1126/science.aaf2144] [Citation(s) in RCA: 72] [Impact Index Per Article: 9.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/08/2016] [Accepted: 08/16/2016] [Indexed: 12/28/2022]
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299
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Moura D, Mano JF, Paiva MC, Alves NM. Chitosan nanocomposites based on distinct inorganic fillers for biomedical applications. Sci Technol Adv Mater 2016; 17:626-643. [PMID: 27877909 PMCID: PMC5102025 DOI: 10.1080/14686996.2016.1229104] [Citation(s) in RCA: 30] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/17/2016] [Revised: 08/22/2016] [Accepted: 08/22/2016] [Indexed: 05/17/2023]
Abstract
Chitosan (CHI), a biocompatible and biodegradable polysaccharide with the ability to provide a non-protein matrix for tissue growth, is considered to be an ideal material in the biomedical field. However, the lack of good mechanical properties limits its applications. In order to overcome this drawback, CHI has been combined with different polymers and fillers, leading to a variety of chitosan-based nanocomposites. The extensive research on CHI nanocomposites as well as their main biomedical applications are reviewed in this paper. An overview of the different fillers and assembly techniques available to produce CHI nanocomposites is presented. Finally, the properties of such nanocomposites are discussed with particular focus on bone regeneration, drug delivery, wound healing and biosensing applications.
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Affiliation(s)
- Duarte Moura
- 3B’s Research Group, Biomaterials, Biodegradables and Biomimetics, University of Minho, Headquarters of the European Institute of Excellence on Tissue Engineering and Regenerative Medicine, Guimarães, Portugal
- ICVS/3B’s, Associate PT Government Laboratory, Braga, Guimarães, Portugal
- Institute for Polymers and Composites/I3 N, Department of Polymer Engineering, University of Minho, Guimarães, Portugal
| | - João F. Mano
- 3B’s Research Group, Biomaterials, Biodegradables and Biomimetics, University of Minho, Headquarters of the European Institute of Excellence on Tissue Engineering and Regenerative Medicine, Guimarães, Portugal
- ICVS/3B’s, Associate PT Government Laboratory, Braga, Guimarães, Portugal
| | - Maria C. Paiva
- Institute for Polymers and Composites/I3 N, Department of Polymer Engineering, University of Minho, Guimarães, Portugal
| | - Natália M. Alves
- 3B’s Research Group, Biomaterials, Biodegradables and Biomimetics, University of Minho, Headquarters of the European Institute of Excellence on Tissue Engineering and Regenerative Medicine, Guimarães, Portugal
- ICVS/3B’s, Associate PT Government Laboratory, Braga, Guimarães, Portugal
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300
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Zennaro C, Rastaldi MP, Bakeine GJ, Delfino R, Tonon F, Farra R, Grassi G, Artero M, Tormen M, Carraro M. A nanoporous surface is essential for glomerular podocyte differentiation in three-dimensional culture. Int J Nanomedicine 2016; 11:4957-4973. [PMID: 27757030 PMCID: PMC5053378 DOI: 10.2147/ijn.s110201] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/20/2022] Open
Abstract
Although it is well recognized that cell–matrix interactions are based on both molecular and geometrical characteristics, the relationship between specific cell types and the three-dimensional morphology of the surface to which they are attached is poorly understood. This is particularly true for glomerular podocytes – the gatekeepers of glomerular filtration – which completely enwrap the glomerular basement membrane with their primary and secondary ramifications. Nanotechnologies produce biocompatible materials which offer the possibility to build substrates which differ only by topology in order to mimic the spatial organization of diverse basement membranes. With this in mind, we produced and utilized rough and porous surfaces obtained from silicon to analyze the behavior of two diverse ramified cells: glomerular podocytes and a neuronal cell line used as a control. Proper differentiation and development of ramifications of both cell types was largely influenced by topographical characteristics. Confirming previous data, the neuronal cell line acquired features of maturation on rough nanosurfaces. In contrast, podocytes developed and matured preferentially on nanoporous surfaces provided with grooves, as shown by the organization of the actin cytoskeleton stress fibers and the proper development of vinculin-positive focal adhesions. On the basis of these findings, we suggest that in vitro studies regarding podocyte attachment to the glomerular basement membrane should take into account the geometrical properties of the surface on which the tests are conducted because physiological cellular activity depends on the three-dimensional microenvironment.
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Affiliation(s)
- Cristina Zennaro
- Department of Medical, Surgical and Health Sciences, University of Trieste, Trieste
| | | | - Gerald James Bakeine
- Department of Radiology, San Martino University Hospital, University of Genoa, Genoa
| | - Riccarda Delfino
- Department of Medical, Surgical and Health Sciences, University of Trieste, Trieste
| | - Federica Tonon
- Department of Medical, Surgical and Health Sciences, University of Trieste, Trieste
| | - Rossella Farra
- Department of Engineering and Architecture, University of Trieste
| | - Gabriele Grassi
- Department of Medical, Surgical and Health Sciences, University of Trieste, Trieste; Department of Life Sciences, Cattinara University Hospital, University of Trieste
| | - Mary Artero
- Azienda Sanitaria Universitaria Integrata di Trieste, Trieste
| | | | - Michele Carraro
- Department of Medical, Surgical and Health Sciences, University of Trieste, Trieste
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