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Carcinogenic Parasite Secretes Growth Factor That Accelerates Wound Healing and Potentially Promotes Neoplasia. PLoS Pathog 2015; 11:e1005209. [PMID: 26485648 PMCID: PMC4618121 DOI: 10.1371/journal.ppat.1005209] [Citation(s) in RCA: 66] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/11/2015] [Accepted: 09/15/2015] [Indexed: 01/15/2023] Open
Abstract
Infection with the human liver fluke Opisthorchis viverrini induces cancer of the bile ducts, cholangiocarcinoma (CCA). Injury from feeding activities of this parasite within the human biliary tree causes extensive lesions, wounds that undergo protracted cycles of healing, and re-injury over years of chronic infection. We show that O. viverrini secreted proteins accelerated wound resolution in human cholangiocytes, an outcome that was compromised following silencing of expression of the fluke-derived gene encoding the granulin-like growth factor, Ov-GRN-1. Recombinant Ov-GRN-1 induced angiogenesis and accelerated mouse wound healing. Ov-GRN-1 was internalized by human cholangiocytes and induced gene and protein expression changes associated with wound healing and cancer pathways. Given the notable but seemingly paradoxical properties of liver fluke granulin in promoting not only wound healing but also a carcinogenic microenvironment, Ov-GRN-1 likely holds marked potential as a therapeutic wound-healing agent and as a vaccine against an infection-induced cancer of major public health significance in the developing world.
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Cortés A, Sotillo J, Muñoz-Antoli C, Fried B, Esteban JG, Toledo R. Altered Protein Expression in the Ileum of Mice Associated with the Development of Chronic Infections with Echinostoma caproni (Trematoda). PLoS Negl Trop Dis 2015; 9:e0004082. [PMID: 26390031 PMCID: PMC4577103 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pntd.0004082] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/01/2015] [Accepted: 08/22/2015] [Indexed: 12/12/2022] Open
Abstract
Background Echinostoma caproni (Trematoda: Echinostomatidae) is an intestinal trematode that has been extensively used as experimental model to investigate the factors determining the expulsion of intestinal helminths or, in contrast, the development of chronic infections. Herein, we analyze the changes in protein expression induced by E. caproni infection in ICR mice, a host of high compatibility in which the parasites develop chronic infections. Methodology/Principal Findings To determine the changes in protein expression, a two-dimensional DIGE approach using protein extracts from the intestine of naïve and infected mice was employed; and spots showing significant differential expression were analyzed by mass spectrometry. A total of 37 spots were identified differentially expressed in infected mice (10 were found to be over-expressed and 27 down-regulated). These proteins were related to the restoration of the intestinal epithelium and the control of homeostatic dysregulation, concomitantly with mitochondrial and cytoskeletal proteins among others. Conclusion/Significance Our results suggests that changes in these processes in the ileal epithelium of ICR mice may facilitate the establishment of the parasite and the development of chronic infections. These results may serve to explain the factors determining the development of chronicity in intestinal helminth infection. Intestinal helminth infections are among the most prevalent parasitic diseases and about 1 billion people are currently infected with intestinal helminths. Incidence of intestinal helminth infections is high due to both socio-economic factors that facilitates continuous re-infections and the lack of effective vaccines. In this context, further knowledge on the host-parasite relationships is required to elucidate the factors that determine the expulsion of the intestinal helminths or, in contrast, the chronic establishment of the infections. Echinostoma caproni (Trematoda) is an intestinal trematode that has been extensively used as experimental model to investigate these factors. Depending on the host species. E. caproni is rapidly rejected or develops chronic infections. Herein, we analyze the changes in protein expression induced by E. caproni infection in a host in which the parasites develop chronic infections. These data may serve to get a better understanding of the factors determining the development of chronic intestinal infections. A total of 37 spots were identified differentially expressed. These proteins were related to the restoration of the intestinal epithelium and the control of homeostatic dysregulation, mitochondrial and cytoskeletal proteins among others. This suggests that the changes in these processes in the intestinal mucosa may facilitate the development of chronic infections.
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Affiliation(s)
- Alba Cortés
- Departamento de Parasitología, Facultad de Farmacia, Universidad de Valencia, Burjassot, Valencia, Spain
| | - Javier Sotillo
- Departamento de Parasitología, Facultad de Farmacia, Universidad de Valencia, Burjassot, Valencia, Spain
- Centre for Biodiscovery and Molecular Development of Therapeutics, Australian Institute of Tropical Health and Medicine, James Cook University, Cairns, Queensland, Australia
| | - Carla Muñoz-Antoli
- Departamento de Parasitología, Facultad de Farmacia, Universidad de Valencia, Burjassot, Valencia, Spain
| | - Bernard Fried
- Department of Biology, Lafayette College, Easton, Pennsylvania, United States of America
| | - J. Guillermo Esteban
- Departamento de Parasitología, Facultad de Farmacia, Universidad de Valencia, Burjassot, Valencia, Spain
| | - Rafael Toledo
- Departamento de Parasitología, Facultad de Farmacia, Universidad de Valencia, Burjassot, Valencia, Spain
- * E-mail:
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253
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Wu Z, Boonmars T, Nagano I, Boonjaraspinyo S, Srinontong P, Ratasuwan P, Narong K, Nielsen PS, Maekawa Y. Significance of S100P as a biomarker in diagnosis, prognosis and therapy of opisthorchiasis-associated cholangiocarcinoma. Int J Cancer 2015; 138:396-408. [PMID: 26312563 DOI: 10.1002/ijc.29721] [Citation(s) in RCA: 29] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/26/2015] [Revised: 06/10/2015] [Accepted: 07/24/2015] [Indexed: 12/12/2022]
Abstract
Cholangiocarcinoma (CCA) is a malignancy of bile duct with the difficulty in early diagnosis, poor prognosis and less alternation in therapy. S100P is a member of S100 family proteins and plays important roles in cancers. We investigated the S100P expression and its correlation with clinicopathology in 78 cases of opisthorchiasis-associated CCA, and the effects of S100P knockdown with shRNA interference on the proliferation, cell cycle, migration, apoptosis and sensitivity to anti-cancer drug. Extremely high expression of S100P mRNA was detected in the CCA tumor tissues. The increased S100P protein expression was immunohistochemically confirmed and localized in the CCA cytoplasm and/or nuclei as well as in the hyperneoplasia and dysplasia bile ducts, but not in normal bile ducts. The intensity of immunostaining was correlated with survival, tumor stage and metastasis, and the high expression could be an independent prognostic factor. High levels of S100P were detected in the serum and bile fluid of CCA patients. The shRNA-mediated knockdown of S100P expression inhibited the proliferation in vitro and in vivo, and migration of CCA cells, arrested cell cycle with the up-regulated expression of cell cycle arrest related factors, p21, p27, GADD45A, and 14-3-3 zeta. S100P knockdown also promoted CCA cell apoptosis by up-regulating expression of apoptosis related factors, DR5, TRADD, caspase 3 and BAX, and increased the sensitivity of CCA cells to the chemotherapeutic agents sunitinib and apigenin. Taken together, this study indicates that S100P might be a promising biomarker for the diagnosis, prognosis and therapy of CCA.
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Affiliation(s)
- Zhiliang Wu
- Department of Parasitology and Infectious Diseases, Gifu University Graduate School of Medicine, Japan
| | - Thidarut Boonmars
- Department of Parasitology, Faculty of Medicine, Khon Kaen University, Khon Kaen, Thailand.,Liver Fluke and Cholangiocarcinoma Research Center, Faculty of Medicine, Khon Kaen University, Khon Kaen, Thailand
| | - Isao Nagano
- Department of Parasitology and Infectious Diseases, Gifu University Graduate School of Medicine, Japan
| | - Sirintip Boonjaraspinyo
- Department of Community Medicine, Faculty of Medicine, Khon Kaen University, Khon Kaen, Thailand
| | - Piyarat Srinontong
- Department of Parasitology and Infectious Diseases, Gifu University Graduate School of Medicine, Japan
| | - Panaratana Ratasuwan
- Department of Anesthesiology, Faculty of Medicine, Khon Kaen University, Khon Kaen, Thailand
| | - Khuntikeo Narong
- Liver Fluke and Cholangiocarcinoma Research Center, Faculty of Medicine, Khon Kaen University, Khon Kaen, Thailand.,Department of Surgery, Faculty of Medicine, Khon Kaen University, Khon Kaen, Thailand
| | - Phuangphaka Sadee Nielsen
- Division of Clinical Immunology, Srinagarind Hospital, Faculty of Medicine, Khon Kaen University, Khon Kaen, Thailand
| | - Yoichi Maekawa
- Department of Parasitology and Infectious Diseases, Gifu University Graduate School of Medicine, Japan
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254
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Saichua P, Yakovleva A, Kamamia C, Jariwala AR, Sithithaworn J, Sripa B, Brindley PJ, Laha T, Mairiang E, Pairojkul C, Khuntikeo N, Mulvenna J, Sithithaworn P, Bethony JM. Levels of 8-OxodG Predict Hepatobiliary Pathology in Opisthorchis viverrini Endemic Settings in Thailand. PLoS Negl Trop Dis 2015; 9:e0003949. [PMID: 26230769 PMCID: PMC4521778 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pntd.0003949] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/13/2015] [Accepted: 07/03/2015] [Indexed: 01/05/2023] Open
Abstract
Opisthorchis viverrini is distinct among helminth infections as it drives a chronic inflammatory response in the intrahepatic bile duct that progresses from advanced periductal fibrosis (APF) to cholangiocarcinoma (CCA). Extensive research shows that oxidative stress (OS) plays a critical role in the transition from chronic O. viverrini infection to CCA. OS also results in the excision of a modified DNA lesion (8-oxodG) into urine, the levels of which can be detected by immunoassay. Herein, we measured concentrations of urine 8-oxodG by immunoassay from the following four groups in the Khon Kaen Cancer Cohort study: (1) O. viverrini negative individuals, (2) O. viverrini positive individuals with no APF as determined by abdominal ultrasound, (3) O. viverrini positive individuals with APF as determined by abdominal ultrasound, and (4) O. viverrini induced cases of CCA. A logistic regression model was used to evaluate the utility of creatinine-adjusted urinary 8-oxodG among these groups, along with demographic, behavioral, and immunological risk factors. Receiver operating characteristic (ROC) curve analysis was used to evaluate the predictive accuracy of urinary 8-oxodG for APF and CCA. Elevated concentrations of 8-oxodG in urine positively associated with APF and CCA in a strongly dose-dependent manner. Urinary 8-oxodG concentrations also accurately predicted whether an individual presented with APF or CCA compared to O. viverrini infected individuals without these pathologies. In conclusion, urinary 8-oxodG is a robust ‘candidate’ biomarker of the progression of APF and CCA from chronic opisthorchiasis, which is indicative of the critical role that OS plays in both of these advanced hepatobiliary pathologies. The findings also confirm our previous observations that severe liver pathology occurs early and asymptomatically in residents of O. viverrini endemic regions, where individuals are infected for years (often decades) with this food-borne pathogen. These findings also contribute to an expanding literature on 8-oxodG in an easily accessible bodily fluid (e.g., urine) as a biomarker in the multistage process of inflammation, fibrogenesis, and infection-induced cancer. Opisthorchis viverrini is a food-borne helminth infection that drives a strong inflammatory response in the bile duct that can result in bile duct fibrosis and bile duct cancer (intrahepatic cholangiocarcinoma). Extensive research shows that oxidative stress (OS) plays a critical role in chronic O. viverrini infection transitioning to cancer in the bile duct. OS also results in a modified DNA lesion, referred to as 8-oxodG, excreted in the urine, where it can be detected by an antibody-based test. We measured the concentrations of 8-oxodG in the urine of O. viverrini-infected individuals who had developed bile duct fibrosis or bile duct cancer and compared levels of this metabolite in urine to O. viverrini infected individuals who did not have bile duct fibrosis or cancer in Northeastern Thailand. We determined bile duct fibrosis by ultrasonography and bile duct cancer by immunohistochemistry on resected liver tissue. We then built a statistical model to quantify how well urinary 8-oxodG predicted bile duct fibrosis and bile duct cancer in O. viverrini-infected individuals. We found that individuals with elevated levels of 8-oxodG in urine had a greater probability of developing bile duct fibrosis or bile duct cancer from O. viverrini infection. This association occurred in a strongly dose-dependent manner: in other words, the O. viverrini-infected individuals who had the highest concentration of urinary 8-oxodG also had the highest risk of presenting with bile duct fibrosis or bile duct cancer. In summary, measuring levels of 8-oxodG in the urine offers a unique opportunity to develop a candidate biomarker for advanced O. viverrini induced hepatobiliary pathologies such as fibrosis and cancer. The findings also confirm our previous observations that severe liver pathology occurs early and asymptomatically in residents of O. viverrini endemic regions, where individuals are infected for years (often decades) with this food-borne neglected tropical diseases (NTD) pathogen.
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Affiliation(s)
- Prasert Saichua
- Biomedical Science Program, Faculty of Graduate School, Khon Kaen University, Khon Kaen, Thailand
- Department of Preclinical Science, Faculty of Medicine, Thammasat University, Pathumthani, Thailand
| | - Anna Yakovleva
- Department of Microbiology, Immunology and Tropical Medicine, and Research Center for Neglected Diseases of Poverty, School of Medicine & Health Sciences, George Washington University, Washington, D.C., United States of America
| | - Christine Kamamia
- Department of Microbiology, Immunology and Tropical Medicine, and Research Center for Neglected Diseases of Poverty, School of Medicine & Health Sciences, George Washington University, Washington, D.C., United States of America
| | - Amar R. Jariwala
- Department of Microbiology, Immunology and Tropical Medicine, and Research Center for Neglected Diseases of Poverty, School of Medicine & Health Sciences, George Washington University, Washington, D.C., United States of America
| | - Jiraporn Sithithaworn
- Department of Clinical Microscopy, Faculty of Associated Medical Sciences, Khon Kaen University, Khon Kaen, Thailand
| | - Banchob Sripa
- Department of Pathology, Faculty of Medicine, Khon Kaen University, Khon Kaen, Thailand
- Liver Fluke and Cholangiocarcinoma Research Center, Faculty of Medicine, Khon Kaen University, Khon Kaen, Thailand
| | - Paul J. Brindley
- Department of Microbiology, Immunology and Tropical Medicine, and Research Center for Neglected Diseases of Poverty, School of Medicine & Health Sciences, George Washington University, Washington, D.C., United States of America
| | - Thewarach Laha
- Department of Parasitology, Faculty of Medicine, Khon Kaen University, Khon Kaen, Thailand
| | - Eimorn Mairiang
- Department of Radiology, Faculty of Medicine, Khon Kaen University, Khon Kaen, Thailand
| | - Chawalit Pairojkul
- Department of Pathology, Faculty of Medicine, Khon Kaen University, Khon Kaen, Thailand
- Liver Fluke and Cholangiocarcinoma Research Center, Faculty of Medicine, Khon Kaen University, Khon Kaen, Thailand
| | - Narong Khuntikeo
- Liver Fluke and Cholangiocarcinoma Research Center, Faculty of Medicine, Khon Kaen University, Khon Kaen, Thailand
- Department of Surgery, Faculty of Medicine, Khon Kaen University, Khon Kaen, Thailand
| | - Jason Mulvenna
- Infections Disease Program, QIMR Berghofer Medical Research Institute, Brisbane, Queensland, Australia
| | - Paiboon Sithithaworn
- Liver Fluke and Cholangiocarcinoma Research Center, Faculty of Medicine, Khon Kaen University, Khon Kaen, Thailand
- Department of Parasitology, Faculty of Medicine, Khon Kaen University, Khon Kaen, Thailand
| | - Jeffrey M. Bethony
- Department of Microbiology, Immunology and Tropical Medicine, and Research Center for Neglected Diseases of Poverty, School of Medicine & Health Sciences, George Washington University, Washington, D.C., United States of America
- * E-mail:
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255
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Xia J, Jiang SC, Peng HJ. Association between Liver Fluke Infection and Hepatobiliary Pathological Changes: A Systematic Review and Meta-Analysis. PLoS One 2015; 10:e0132673. [PMID: 26186510 PMCID: PMC4506038 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0132673] [Citation(s) in RCA: 30] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/22/2015] [Accepted: 06/18/2015] [Indexed: 12/26/2022] Open
Abstract
OBJECTIVE To provide information about the role of liver fluke infection as a risk factor for hepatobiliary pathological changes and promote awareness among the people living in endemic areas, a systematic review and meta-analysis based on published studies was conducted to examine the association between liver fluke infection and hepatobiliary pathological changes. METHODS Relevant original literature was searched in multiple literature databases, including PubMed, Cochrane, Clinical Evidence, Trip Database, Clinical Trials, Current Controlled Trials, Web of Science, the China National Knowledge Infrastructure (CNKI) database, and the Wanfang academic journal full-text database. Studies were selected based on strict screening with inclusion and exclusion criteria. Tests of heterogeneity, sensitivity and publication bias were performed with the Review Manager software, version 5.3, and meta-regression analyses were performed with the Stata software, version 11.0 (Stata Corporation, College Station, TX, USA). Pooled risk ratios (RRs) and odds ratios (ORs) with their 95% confidence intervals (95% CIs) were calculated and used to evaluate the risk of hepatobiliary pathological changes resulting from liver fluke infection. Linear trend analyses were conducted to determine the dose-response relationship using IBM SPSS Statistics 20.0. RESULT A total of 36 studies were included in the meta-analysis. Significant associations were found between liver fluke infection and cholangitis or cholecystitis (RR: 7.80, P<0.001; OR: 15.98, P<0.001), cholelithiasis (RR: 2.42, P = 0.03; OR: 4.96, P = 0.03), hepatocellular carcinoma (OR: 4.69, P<0.001) and cholangiocarcinoma (RR: 10.43, P<0.001; OR: 4.37, P<0.001). In addition, heavier infection was significantly associated with higher incidence of hepatobiliary pathological changes (P<0.05). However, cirrhosis was not significantly associated with liver fluke infection (RR: 3.50, P = 0.06; OR: 5.79, P = 0.08). The statistical heterogeneity was significant, no significant difference was observed in the sensitivity analysis, and no publication bias was found. CONCLUSION The meta-analysis found that liver fluke infection was significantly associated with cholangitis, cholecystitis, cholelithiasis, hepatocellular carcinoma and cholangiocarcinoma and that more severe infection was associated with higher incidence. However, the association between liver fluke infection and cirrhosis was not significant.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jing Xia
- Department of Pathogen Biology, Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Tropical Disease Research, School of Public Health and Tropical Medicine, Southern Medical University, Guangzhou, Guangdong, the People’s Republic of China
| | - Shi-chen Jiang
- Department of Pathogen Biology, Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Tropical Disease Research, School of Public Health and Tropical Medicine, Southern Medical University, Guangzhou, Guangdong, the People’s Republic of China
| | - Hong-Juan Peng
- Department of Pathogen Biology, Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Tropical Disease Research, School of Public Health and Tropical Medicine, Southern Medical University, Guangzhou, Guangdong, the People’s Republic of China
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256
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Chaiyadet S, Smout M, Johnson M, Whitchurch C, Turnbull L, Kaewkes S, Sotillo J, Loukas A, Sripa B. Excretory/secretory products of the carcinogenic liver fluke are endocytosed by human cholangiocytes and drive cell proliferation and IL6 production. Int J Parasitol 2015; 45:773-81. [PMID: 26187786 DOI: 10.1016/j.ijpara.2015.06.001] [Citation(s) in RCA: 35] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/26/2015] [Revised: 05/18/2015] [Accepted: 06/06/2015] [Indexed: 01/22/2023]
Abstract
Liver fluke infection caused by Opisthorchis viverrini remains a major public health problem in many parts of Asia including Thailand, Lao PDR, Vietnam and Cambodia, where there is a strikingly high incidence of cholangiocarcinoma (CCA - hepatic cancer of the bile duct epithelium). Among other factors, uptake of O. viverrini excretory/secretory products (OvES) by biliary epithelial cells has been postulated to be responsible for chronic inflammation and proliferation of cholangiocytes, but the mechanisms by which cells internalise O. viverrini excretory/secretory products are still unknown. Herein we incubated normal human cholangiocytes (H69), human cholangiocarcinoma cells (KKU-100, KKU-M156) and human colon cancer (Caco-2) cells with O. viverrini excretory/secretory products and analysed the effects of different endocytic inhibitors to address the mechanism of cellular uptake of ES proteins. Opisthorchis viverrini excretory/secretory products was internalised preferentially by liver cell lines, and most efficiently/rapidly by H69 cells. There was no evidence for trafficking of ES proteins to cholangiocyte organelles, and most of the fluorescence was detected in the cytoplasm. Pretreatment with clathrin inhibitors significantly reduced the uptake of O. viverrini excretory/secretory products, particularly by H69 cells. Opisthorchis viverrini excretory/secretory products induced proliferation of liver cells (H69 and CCA lines) but not intestinal (Caco-2) cells, and proliferation was blocked using inhibitors of the classical endocytic pathways (clathrin and caveolae). Opisthorchis viverrini excretory/secretory products drove IL6 secretion by H69 cells but not Caco-2 cells, and cytokine secretion was significantly reduced by endocytosis inhibitors. This the first known study to address the endocytosis of helminth ES proteins by host epithelial cells and sheds light on the pathways by which this parasite causes one of the most devastating forms of cancer in south-eastern Asia.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sujittra Chaiyadet
- Biomedical Sciences Program, Graduate School, Khon Kaen University, Khon Kaen, Thailand; Tropical Disease Research Laboratory, Department of Pathology, Faculty of Medicine, Khon Kaen University, Khon Kaen, Thailand
| | - Michael Smout
- Centre for Biodiscovery and Molecular Development of Therapeutics, Australian Institute of Tropical Health and Medicine, James Cook University, Cairns, Australia
| | - Michael Johnson
- Faculty of Science, University of Technology Sydney, Sydney, Australia
| | | | - Lynne Turnbull
- Faculty of Science, University of Technology Sydney, Sydney, Australia
| | - Sasithorn Kaewkes
- Department of Parasitology, Faculty of Medicine, Khon Kaen University, Khon Kaen, Thailand
| | - Javier Sotillo
- Centre for Biodiscovery and Molecular Development of Therapeutics, Australian Institute of Tropical Health and Medicine, James Cook University, Cairns, Australia
| | - Alex Loukas
- Centre for Biodiscovery and Molecular Development of Therapeutics, Australian Institute of Tropical Health and Medicine, James Cook University, Cairns, Australia
| | - Banchob Sripa
- Tropical Disease Research Laboratory, Department of Pathology, Faculty of Medicine, Khon Kaen University, Khon Kaen, Thailand.
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Chaiputcha K, Promthet S, Bradshaw P. Prevalence and Risk Factors for Infection by Opisthorchis viverrini in an Urban Area of Mahasarakham Province, Northeast Thailand. Asian Pac J Cancer Prev 2015; 16:4173-6. [DOI: 10.7314/apjcp.2015.16.10.4173] [Citation(s) in RCA: 16] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/10/2022] Open
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258
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Diabetes mellitus: Possible risk and promoting factors of cholangiocarcinoma. Cancer Epidemiol 2015; 39:274-8. [PMID: 25910864 DOI: 10.1016/j.canep.2015.04.002] [Citation(s) in RCA: 24] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/07/2015] [Revised: 03/26/2015] [Accepted: 04/05/2015] [Indexed: 12/17/2022]
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259
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Hsieh MH, Brotherton JML, Siddiqui AA. Hepatitis B Vaccines and HPV Vaccines Have Been Hailed as Major Public Health Achievements in Preventing Cancer--Could a Schistosomiasis Vaccine be the Third? PLoS Negl Trop Dis 2015; 9:e0003598. [PMID: 26020953 PMCID: PMC4447425 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pntd.0003598] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/25/2022] Open
Affiliation(s)
- Michael H. Hsieh
- Biomedical Research Institute, Rockville, Maryland, United States of America
- Children’s National Health System, Washington, DC, United States of America
- The George Washington University, Washington, DC, United States of America
- * E-mail:
| | - Julia M. L. Brotherton
- National HPV Vaccination Program Register, East Melbourne, Victoria, Australia
- School of Global and Population Health, University of Melbourne, Melbourne, Australia
| | - Afzal A. Siddiqui
- Center for Tropical Medicine and Infectious Diseases, Texas Tech University Health Sciences Center, Lubbock, Texas, United States of America
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260
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Matchimakul P, Rinaldi G, Suttiprapa S, Mann VH, Popratiloff A, Laha T, Pimenta RN, Cochran CJ, Kaewkes S, Sripa B, Brindley PJ. Apoptosis of cholangiocytes modulated by thioredoxin of carcinogenic liver fluke. Int J Biochem Cell Biol 2015; 65:72-80. [PMID: 26007234 DOI: 10.1016/j.biocel.2015.05.014] [Citation(s) in RCA: 32] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/05/2015] [Revised: 04/27/2015] [Accepted: 05/14/2015] [Indexed: 02/07/2023]
Abstract
Chronic infection with the food-borne liver fluke, Opisthorchis viverrini, frequently induces cancer of the bile ducts, cholangiocarcinoma. Opisthorchiasis is endemic in Thailand, Lao PDR, Cambodia and Vietnam, where eating undercooked freshwater fish carrying the juvenile stage of this pathogen leads to human infection. Because inhibition of apoptosis facilitates carcinogenesis, this study investigated modulation by thioredoxin from O. viverrini of apoptosis of bile duct epithelial cells, cholangiocytes. Cells of a cholangiocyte line were incubated with the parasite enzyme after which they were exposed hydrogen peroxide. Oxidative stress-induced apoptosis was monitored using flow cytometry, growth in real time and imaging of living cells using laser confocal microscopy. Immunolocalization revealed liver fluke thioredoxin within cholangiocytes. Cells exposed to thioredoxin downregulated apoptotic genes in the mitogen activated protein kinases pathway and upregulated anti-apoptosis-related genes including apoptosis signaling kinase 1, caspase 9, caspase 8, caspase 3, survivin and others. Western blots of immunoprecipitates of cell lysates revealed binding of thioredoxin to apoptosis signaling kinase 1. Together the findings indicated that thioredoxin from O. viverrini inhibited oxidative stress-induced apoptosis of bile duct epithelial cells, which supports a role for this liver fluke oxidoreductase in opisthorchiasis-induced cholangiocarcinogenesis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Pitchaya Matchimakul
- Biomedical Sciences Program, Graduate School, Khon Kaen University, Khon Kaen 40002, Thailand; WHO Collaborating Centre for Research and Control of Opisthorchiasis (Southeast Asian Liver Fluke Disease), Tropical Disease Research Laboratory, Department of Pathology, Faculty of Medicine, Khon Kaen University, Khon Kaen 40002, Thailand; Department of Microbiology, Immunology & Tropical Medicine, and Research Center for Neglected Diseases of Poverty, School of Medicine & Health Sciences, George Washington University, Washington, DC 20037, USA
| | - Gabriel Rinaldi
- Department of Microbiology, Immunology & Tropical Medicine, and Research Center for Neglected Diseases of Poverty, School of Medicine & Health Sciences, George Washington University, Washington, DC 20037, USA; Parasite Genomics, Wellcome Trust Sanger Institute, Genome Campus, Hinxton CB10 1SA, UK
| | - Sutas Suttiprapa
- Department of Microbiology, Immunology & Tropical Medicine, and Research Center for Neglected Diseases of Poverty, School of Medicine & Health Sciences, George Washington University, Washington, DC 20037, USA; Department of Microbiology, Faculty of Science, Mahidol University, Rachthewee, Bangkok 10400, Thailand
| | - Victoria H Mann
- Department of Microbiology, Immunology & Tropical Medicine, and Research Center for Neglected Diseases of Poverty, School of Medicine & Health Sciences, George Washington University, Washington, DC 20037, USA
| | - Anastas Popratiloff
- Center for Microscopy & Image Analysis, and Department of Anatomy & Regenerative Biology, School of Medicine & Health Sciences, George Washington University, Washington, DC 20037, USA
| | - Thewarach Laha
- Department of Parasitology, Faculty of Medicine, Khon Kaen University, Khon Kaen 40002, Thailand
| | - Rafael N Pimenta
- Department of Microbiology, Immunology & Tropical Medicine, and Research Center for Neglected Diseases of Poverty, School of Medicine & Health Sciences, George Washington University, Washington, DC 20037, USA
| | - Christina J Cochran
- Department of Microbiology, Immunology & Tropical Medicine, and Research Center for Neglected Diseases of Poverty, School of Medicine & Health Sciences, George Washington University, Washington, DC 20037, USA
| | - Sasithorn Kaewkes
- Department of Parasitology, Faculty of Medicine, Khon Kaen University, Khon Kaen 40002, Thailand
| | - Banchob Sripa
- WHO Collaborating Centre for Research and Control of Opisthorchiasis (Southeast Asian Liver Fluke Disease), Tropical Disease Research Laboratory, Department of Pathology, Faculty of Medicine, Khon Kaen University, Khon Kaen 40002, Thailand.
| | - Paul J Brindley
- Department of Microbiology, Immunology & Tropical Medicine, and Research Center for Neglected Diseases of Poverty, School of Medicine & Health Sciences, George Washington University, Washington, DC 20037, USA.
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Chaiyadet S, Sotillo J, Smout M, Cantacessi C, Jones MK, Johnson MS, Turnbull L, Whitchurch CB, Potriquet J, Laohaviroj M, Mulvenna J, Brindley PJ, Bethony JM, Laha T, Sripa B, Loukas A. Carcinogenic Liver Fluke Secretes Extracellular Vesicles That Promote Cholangiocytes to Adopt a Tumorigenic Phenotype. J Infect Dis 2015; 212:1636-45. [PMID: 25985904 PMCID: PMC4621255 DOI: 10.1093/infdis/jiv291] [Citation(s) in RCA: 115] [Impact Index Per Article: 12.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/31/2015] [Accepted: 05/09/2015] [Indexed: 12/16/2022] Open
Abstract
Background. Throughout Asia, there is an unprecedented link between cholangiocarcinoma and infection with the liver fluke Opisthorchis viverrini. Multiple processes, including chronic inflammation and secretion of parasite proteins into the biliary epithelium, drive infection toward cancer. Until now, the mechanism and effects of parasite protein entry into cholangiocytes was unknown. Methods. Various microscopy techniques were used to identify O. viverrini extracellular vesicles (EVs) and their internalization by human cholangiocytes. Using mass spectrometry we characterized the EV proteome and associated changes in cholangiocytes after EV uptake, and we detected EV proteins in bile of infected hamsters and humans. Cholangiocyte proliferation and interleukin 6 (IL-6) secretion was measured to assess the impact of EV internalization. Results. EVs were identified in fluke culture medium and bile specimens from infected hosts. EVs internalized by cholangiocytes drove cell proliferation and IL-6 secretion and induced changes in protein expression associated with endocytosis, wound repair, and cancer. Antibodies to an O. viverrini tetraspanin blocked EV uptake and IL-6 secretion by cholangiocytes. Conclusions. This is the first time that EVs from a multicellular pathogen have been identified in host tissues. Our findings imply a role for O. viverrini EVs in pathogenesis and highlight an approach to vaccine development for this infectious cancer.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sujittra Chaiyadet
- Biomedical Sciences, Graduate School Centre for Biodiscovery and Molecular Development of Therapeutics, Australian Institute of Tropical Health and Medicine, James Cook University, Cairns
| | - Javier Sotillo
- Centre for Biodiscovery and Molecular Development of Therapeutics, Australian Institute of Tropical Health and Medicine, James Cook University, Cairns
| | - Michael Smout
- Centre for Biodiscovery and Molecular Development of Therapeutics, Australian Institute of Tropical Health and Medicine, James Cook University, Cairns
| | - Cinzia Cantacessi
- Centre for Biodiscovery and Molecular Development of Therapeutics, Australian Institute of Tropical Health and Medicine, James Cook University, Cairns Department of Veterinary Medicine, University of Cambridge
| | - Malcolm K Jones
- QIMR Berghofer Medical Research Institute, Brisbane School of Veterinary Sciences, University of Queensland, Gatton
| | | | - Lynne Turnbull
- iThree Institute, University of Technology Sydney, Australia
| | | | | | | | | | - Paul J Brindley
- Department of Microbiology, Immunology and Tropical Medicine, and Research Center for Neglected Diseases of Poverty, George Washington University, Washington D.C
| | - Jeffrey M Bethony
- Department of Microbiology, Immunology and Tropical Medicine, and Research Center for Neglected Diseases of Poverty, George Washington University, Washington D.C
| | - Thewarach Laha
- Department of Parasitology, Faculty of Medicine, Khon Kaen University, Thailand
| | | | - Alex Loukas
- Centre for Biodiscovery and Molecular Development of Therapeutics, Australian Institute of Tropical Health and Medicine, James Cook University, Cairns
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Abstract
PURPOSE OF REVIEW We review the genetic, epigenetic and transcriptional landscape of liver fluke (Opisthorchis viverrini, Ov)-related cholangiocarcinoma (CCA). Its distinct alterations, as compared with non-Ov-related CCA may help shed light on its underlying molecular mechanisms. RECENT FINDINGS Recent whole-exome and targeted sequencing not only confirmed frequent mutations in known CCA-related genes including TP53 (44%), KRAS (16.7%) and SMAD4 (16.7%), but also revealed mutations in novel CCA-related genes associated with chromatin remodeling [BAP1 (2.8%), ARID1A (17.6%), MLL3 (13%) and IDH1/2 (2.8%)], WNT signaling [RNF43 (9.3%) and PEG3 (5.6%)] and KRAS/G protein signaling [GNAS (9.3%) and ROBO2 (9.3%)]. Interestingly, there is a significant difference in the frequency of mutated genes between Ov-related CCA and non-Ov-related CCA, such as p53 and IDH1/2, reflecting the impact of cause on pathogenesis. Altered DNA methylation and transcriptional profiles associated with xenobiotic metabolism and pro-inflammatory responses were also found in Ov-related CCA. SUMMARY Liver fluke-induced chronic inflammation plays a crucial role in cholangiocarcinogenesis, resulting in distinct signatures of genetic, epigenetic and transcriptional alterations. These alterations, when contrasted with non-Ov-related CCA, indicate a unique pathogenic process in Ov-related CCA and may have potential clinical implications on diagnostics, therapeutics and prevention.
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263
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Plieskatt J, Rinaldi G, Feng Y, Peng J, Easley S, Jia X, Potriquet J, Pairojkul C, Bhudhisawasdi V, Sripa B, Brindley PJ, Bethony J, Mulvenna J. A microRNA profile associated with Opisthorchis viverrini-induced cholangiocarcinoma in tissue and plasma. BMC Cancer 2015; 15:309. [PMID: 25903557 PMCID: PMC4417245 DOI: 10.1186/s12885-015-1270-5] [Citation(s) in RCA: 32] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/23/2014] [Accepted: 03/25/2015] [Indexed: 12/20/2022] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Intrahepatic cholangiocarcinoma (ICC) is a highly aggressive tumor of the bile duct, and a significant public health problem in East Asia, where it is associated with infection by the parasite Opisthorchis viverrini. ICC is often detected at an advanced stage and with a poor prognosis, making a biomarker for early detection a priority. METHODS We have comprehensively profiled miRNA expression levels in ICC tumor tissue using small RNA-Seq and validated these profiles using quantitative PCR on matched plasma samples. RESULTS Distinct miRNA profiles were associated with increasing histological differentiation of ICC tumor tissue. We also observed that histologically normal tissue adjacent to ICC tumor displayed miRNA expression profiles more similar to tumor than liver tissue from healthy donors. In plasma samples, an eight-miRNA signature associated with ICC, regardless of the degree of histological differentiation of its matched tissue, forming the basis of a circulating miRNA-based biomarker for ICC. CONCLUSIONS The association of unique miRNA profiles with different ICC subtypes suggests the involvement of specific miRNAs during ICC tumor progression. In plasma, an eight-miRNA signature associated with ICC could form the foundation of an accessible (plasma-based) miRNA-based biomarker for the early detection of ICC.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jordan Plieskatt
- Department of Microbiology, Immunology and Tropical Medicine, School of Medicine and Health Sciences, George Washington University, Washington, DC, 20037, USA.
- Research Center for Neglected Diseases of Poverty, School of Medicine and Health Sciences, George Washington University, Washington, DC, 20037, USA.
| | - Gabriel Rinaldi
- Department of Microbiology, Immunology and Tropical Medicine, School of Medicine and Health Sciences, George Washington University, Washington, DC, 20037, USA.
- Research Center for Neglected Diseases of Poverty, School of Medicine and Health Sciences, George Washington University, Washington, DC, 20037, USA.
| | - Yanjun Feng
- Department of Microbiology, Immunology and Tropical Medicine, School of Medicine and Health Sciences, George Washington University, Washington, DC, 20037, USA.
- Research Center for Neglected Diseases of Poverty, School of Medicine and Health Sciences, George Washington University, Washington, DC, 20037, USA.
| | - Jin Peng
- Department of Microbiology, Immunology and Tropical Medicine, School of Medicine and Health Sciences, George Washington University, Washington, DC, 20037, USA.
- Research Center for Neglected Diseases of Poverty, School of Medicine and Health Sciences, George Washington University, Washington, DC, 20037, USA.
| | - Samantha Easley
- Department of Pathology, School of Medicine and Health Sciences, George Washington University, Washington, DC, 20037, USA.
| | - Xinying Jia
- QIMR Berghofer Medical Research Institute, Infectious Disease and Cancer, Brisbane, Queensland, 4006, Australia.
| | - Jeremy Potriquet
- QIMR Berghofer Medical Research Institute, Infectious Disease and Cancer, Brisbane, Queensland, 4006, Australia.
| | | | | | - Banchob Sripa
- Faculty of Medicine, Khon Kaen University, Khon Kaen, 40002, Thailand.
| | - Paul J Brindley
- Department of Microbiology, Immunology and Tropical Medicine, School of Medicine and Health Sciences, George Washington University, Washington, DC, 20037, USA.
- Research Center for Neglected Diseases of Poverty, School of Medicine and Health Sciences, George Washington University, Washington, DC, 20037, USA.
| | - Jeffrey Bethony
- Department of Microbiology, Immunology and Tropical Medicine, School of Medicine and Health Sciences, George Washington University, Washington, DC, 20037, USA.
- Research Center for Neglected Diseases of Poverty, School of Medicine and Health Sciences, George Washington University, Washington, DC, 20037, USA.
| | - Jason Mulvenna
- QIMR Berghofer Medical Research Institute, Infectious Disease and Cancer, Brisbane, Queensland, 4006, Australia.
- The University of Queensland, School of Biomedical Sciences, Brisbane, Queensland, 4072, Australia.
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Prayong P, Mairiang E, Pairojkul C, Chamgramol Y, Mairiang P, Bhudisawasdi V, Sripa B. An interleukin-6 receptor polymorphism is associated with opisthorchiasis-linked cholangiocarcinoma risk in Thailand. Asian Pac J Cancer Prev 2015; 15:5443-7. [PMID: 25041016 DOI: 10.7314/apjcp.2014.15.13.5443] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/10/2022] Open
Abstract
The cholangiocarcinoma (CCA) is a relatively rare cancer worldwide but it is highly prevalent in Thailand where the liver fluke, Opisthorchis viverrini is endemic. There are reports that interleukin 6 (IL-6) may play an important role in the pathogenesis of opisthorchiasis associated CCA. Functionally, IL-6 can act on target cells through its receptor, IL-6R, and IL-6R polymorphisms may affect the functional activity of IL-6 leading to susceptibility to cholangiocarcinogenesis. Therefore, we assessed the association of the 48892 A/C (Asp358Ala) polymorphism in exon 9 of the IL-6R gene in 79 CCA cases compared to 80 healthy controls using the PCR- RFLP technique. The results showed significant differences between CCA cases and controls in overall genotype (p=0.001) and allele frequencies (p=0.0002). Chi-square for trend test revealed a significant association between genotype and CCA susceptibility (p=0.0002). The odds ratios (ORs) for genotype were 0.283 (95% CI=0.131-0.605, AC vs. AA; p=0.0003) and 0.206 (95% CI=0.196-1.245, CC vs. AA; p=0.0416), the OR for alleles was 0.347 (95% CI=0.187-0.633, allele C vs. allele A; p=0.0002) and that for the carrier C variant was 0.272 (95% CI=0.130-0.564; p=0.0001). This study demonstrated a close association between an IL-6R polymorphism, specifically higher A allele, and cholangiocarcinoma.
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Affiliation(s)
- Pokpong Prayong
- Department of Pathology, Faculty of Medicine, Khon Kaen University, Khon Kaen, Thailand E-mail :
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DNA methylation level of OPCML and SFRP1: a potential diagnostic biomarker of cholangiocarcinoma. Tumour Biol 2015; 36:4973-8. [PMID: 25652468 DOI: 10.1007/s13277-015-3147-2] [Citation(s) in RCA: 19] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/08/2014] [Accepted: 01/26/2015] [Indexed: 12/27/2022] Open
Abstract
Cholangiocarcinoma (CCA) is a malignancy of the bile duct epithelium which is caused by liver fluke infection. The clinical symptoms of CCA were revealed as the disease progresses to advanced stage. Thus, specific diagnostic biomarkers are important for this fatal disease. We applied methylation-sensitive high-resolution melting (MS-HRM) to quantify DNA methylation levels of opioid binding protein/cell adhesion molecule-like gene (OPCML) and Secreted frizzled-related protein 1 (SFRP1) in 73 primary CCA and 10 adjacent normal tissues and evaluated the sensitivity, specificity, and accuracy of the assay. The median methylation level of OPCML in CCA was 38.7 % (ranged from 0 to 82.2 %) and of SFRP1 was 31.5 % (ranged from 0 to 86.2 %). Methylation cutoff values of OPCML and SFRP1 derived from adjacent normal tissue were 6.90 and 10.44 %, respectively. With these cutoff values, the area under curve (AUC) of OPCML was 0.932 (95 % CI 0.878-0.986) and of SFRP1 was 0.951 (95 % CI 0.905-0.996). The sensitivity, specificity, and accuracy of OPCML were 89.04, 100, and 90.36 %, respectively, and of SFRP1 were 83.56, 100, and 85.54 %, respectively. In conclusion, the DNA methylation levels of OPCML and SFRP1 could be potential biomarkers for diagnosis of CCA with high specificity, sensitivity, and accuracy, in particular for biopsy specimens. Further validation in noninvasive samples such as serum or plasma is warranted for clinical applicability, especially as early diagnostic biomarkers.
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267
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Sripa B, Tangkawattana S, Laha T, Kaewkes S, Mallory FF, Smith JF, Wilcox BA. Toward integrated opisthorchiasis control in northeast Thailand: the Lawa project. Acta Trop 2015; 141:361-7. [PMID: 25102053 PMCID: PMC4454771 DOI: 10.1016/j.actatropica.2014.07.017] [Citation(s) in RCA: 101] [Impact Index Per Article: 11.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/10/2014] [Revised: 07/09/2014] [Accepted: 07/25/2014] [Indexed: 12/29/2022]
Abstract
Human liver fluke, Opisthorchis viverrini, a food-borne trematode is a significant public health problem in Southeast Asia, particularly in Thailand. Despite a long history of control programmes in Thailand and a nationwide reduction, O. viverrini infection prevalence remains high in the northeastern provinces. Therefore, a new strategy for controlling the liver fluke infection using the EcoHealth/One Health approach was introduced into the Lawa Lake area in Khon Kaen province where the liver fluke is endemic. A programme has been carried using anthelminthic treatment, novel intensive health education methods both in the communities and in schools, ecosystem monitoring and active community participation. As a result, the infection rate in the more than 10 villages surrounding the lake has declined to approximate one third of the average of 50% as estimated by a baseline survey. Strikingly, the Cyprinoid fish species in the lake, which are the intermediate host, now showed less than 1% prevalence compared to a maximum of 70% at baseline. This liver fluke control programme, named "Lawa model," is now recognised nationally and internationally, and being expanding to other parts of Thailand and neighbouring Mekong countries. Challenges to O. viverrini disease control, and lessons learned in developing an integrative control programme using a community-based, ecosystem approach, and scaling-up regionally based on Lawa as a model are described.
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Affiliation(s)
- Banchob Sripa
- Tropical Disease Research Laboratory, Department of Pathology, Khon Kaen University, Khon Kaen, Thailand; Liver Fluke and Cholangiocarcinoma Research Center, Department of Parasitology, Khon Kaen University, Khon Kaen, Thailand.
| | - Sirikachorn Tangkawattana
- Tropical Disease Research Laboratory, Department of Pathology, Khon Kaen University, Khon Kaen, Thailand; Faculty of Veterinary Science, Khon Kaen University, Khon Kaen, Thailand
| | - Thewarach Laha
- Faculty of Medicine, Khon Kaen University, Khon Kaen, Thailand
| | | | - Frank F Mallory
- Department of Biology, Laurentian University, Sudbury, Ontario, P3E 2C6, Canada
| | - John F Smith
- Tropical Disease Research Laboratory, Department of Pathology, Khon Kaen University, Khon Kaen, Thailand
| | - Bruce A Wilcox
- Tropical Disease Research Laboratory, Department of Pathology, Khon Kaen University, Khon Kaen, Thailand; Faculty of Public Health, Mahidol University, Mahidol, Thailand; Cummings School of Veterinary Medicine, Tufts University, USA
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268
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Ayé Soukhathammavong P, Rajpho V, Phongluxa K, Vonghachack Y, Hattendorf J, Hongvanthong B, Rasaphon O, Sripa B, Akkhavong K, Hatz C, Odermatt P. Subtle to severe hepatobiliary morbidity in Opisthorchis viverrini endemic settings in southern Laos. Acta Trop 2015; 141:303-9. [PMID: 25275346 DOI: 10.1016/j.actatropica.2014.09.014] [Citation(s) in RCA: 18] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/17/2014] [Revised: 09/13/2014] [Accepted: 09/23/2014] [Indexed: 01/10/2023]
Abstract
Evidence of severe hepatobiliary morbidity associated with Opisthorchis viverrini liver fluke infection including cholangiocarcinoma (CCA) is scarce in Laos although O. viverrini infection is highly prevalent. We assessed hepatobiliary morbidity using abdominal ultrasonography (US) in O. viverrini adult patients in Saravan province, Southern Laos. A random sample of 431 O. viverrini patients from 10 villages underwent abdominal US. Mild, moderate and markedly advanced periductal fibrosis was diagnosed in 7.0%, 66.5%, and 17.0% of patients, respectively. Normal liver parenchyma was seen in only 9.5% of patients. Presence of gall stones (13.2%), sludge (1.4%), gall wall thickening (1.2%), bile duct dilatation (1.6%), fatty liver (12.0%), kidney stones (8.6%) and cysts (7.9%) were diagnosed in considerable frequencies. In five patients (1.2%) hepatobiliary lesions suggesting CCA were diagnosed. Tumour markers, i.e. Interleukin-6, plasminogen activator inhibitor and carbohydrate antigen 19-9 were within normal range. The number of CCA suspected liver masses and hepatobiliary morbidity diagnosed among clinically asymptomatic adult patients in O. viverrini endemic area presents a major public health concern in Laos. However, definitive diagnosis of Opisthorchis-related severe sequelae including CCA is urgently needed to gauge the burden of this deadly disease in Laos.
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269
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Perceived illness drives participation in mass deworming campaigns in Laos. Acta Trop 2015; 141:281-8. [PMID: 24713201 DOI: 10.1016/j.actatropica.2014.03.022] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/21/2013] [Revised: 03/24/2014] [Accepted: 03/27/2014] [Indexed: 11/21/2022]
Abstract
Multiple helminth infections are very common in communities of southern Laos. Preventive chemotherapy in combination with health education is the mainstay of control. We assessed the knowledge, perceptions and practices of rural communities related to endemic helminthiasis and their control during a mass drug administration (MDA) campaign. Short interviews with household heads (n=192), direct observations and discussions with attendees of MDAs, and in-depth interviews with local opinion leaders (n=21) were carried out. Quantitative and qualitative data analysis was performed. Results showed that opinion leaders and villagers were well aware of the importance of attending MDA. Leaders perceived the effectiveness of MDA against severe schistosomiasis and appreciated that it was provided for free and in their village. They encouraged villagers to attend it. Anticipated adverse events of praziquantel was a barrier for participation. A majority of leaders purchased deworming tablet (mebendazole, albendazole) in a local pharmacy for deworming when MDA is absent in their villages (19/21). Most leaders (20/21) had a good knowledge on severe schistosomiasis though only a few of them (5/21) described its cause correctly. They knew little about the disease consequences of liver fluke (3/21) and soil-transmitted helminth (4/21) infections but more about their causes. A high risk for worm infection was observed: consumption of raw or insufficiently cooked fish (100%), frequent physical contacts with Mekong River water (76.0%) and low number of latrines (14.5%). In conclusion, MDA is widely accepted in affected communities. Avoiding severe schistosomiasis was the main motivation to comply. Participation rates increased significantly with drugs provided free of charge in the villages. Better knowledge on the consequences of worm infections and on its modes of transmission will foster the distribution and acceptance of appropriate preventive treatment and other measures in helminth-endemic communities. Where multiple infections require several drugs for MDA, preceding health education and information about MDA and its benefits are a prior condition.
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270
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Repeated stool sampling and use of multiple techniques enhance the sensitivity of helminth diagnosis: a cross-sectional survey in southern Lao People's Democratic Republic. Acta Trop 2015; 141:315-21. [PMID: 25225157 DOI: 10.1016/j.actatropica.2014.09.004] [Citation(s) in RCA: 47] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/30/2014] [Revised: 09/04/2014] [Accepted: 09/06/2014] [Indexed: 11/20/2022]
Abstract
Intestinal parasitic infections are common in Lao People's Democratic Republic (Lao PDR). We investigated the accuracy of the Kato-Katz (KK) technique in relation to varying stool sampling efforts, and determined the effect of the concurrent use of a quantitative formalin-ethyl acetate concentration technique (FECT) for helminth diagnosis and appraisal of concomitant infections. The study was carried out between March and May 2006 in Champasack province, southern Lao PDR. Overall, 485 individuals aged ≥6 months who provided three stool samples were included in the final analysis. All stool samples were subjected to the KK technique. Additionally, one stool sample per individual was processed by FECT. Diagnosis was done under a light microscope by experienced laboratory technicians. Analysis of three stool samples with KK plus a single FECT was considered as diagnostic 'gold' standard and resulted in prevalence estimates of hookworm, Opisthorchis viverrini, Ascaris lumbricoides, Trichuris trichiura and Schistosoma mekongi infection of 77.9%, 65.0%, 33.4%, 26.2% and 24.3%, respectively. As expected, a single KK and a single FECT missed a considerable number of infections. While our diagnostic 'gold' standard produced similar results than those obtained by a mathematical model for most helminth infections, the 'true' prevalence predicted by the model for S. mekongi (28.1%) was somewhat higher than after multiple KK plus a single FECT (24.3%). In the current setting, triplicate KK plus a single FECT diagnosed helminth infections with high sensitivity. Hence, such a diagnostic approach might be utilised for generating high-quality baseline data, assessing anthelminthic drug efficacy and rigorous monitoring of community interventions.
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271
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Correia da Costa JM, Vale N, Gouveia MJ, Botelho MC, Sripa B, Santos LL, Santos JH, Rinaldi G, Brindley PJ. Schistosome and liver fluke derived catechol-estrogens and helminth associated cancers. Front Genet 2014; 5:444. [PMID: 25566326 PMCID: PMC4274992 DOI: 10.3389/fgene.2014.00444] [Citation(s) in RCA: 48] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/08/2014] [Accepted: 12/04/2014] [Indexed: 12/21/2022] Open
Abstract
Infection with helminth parasites remains a persistent public health problem in developing countries. Three of these pathogens, the liver flukes Clonorchis sinensis, Opisthorchis viverrini and the blood fluke Schistosoma haematobium, are of particular concern due to their classification as Group 1 carcinogens: infection with these worms is carcinogenic. Using liquid chromatography-mass spectrometry (LC-MS/MS) approaches, we identified steroid hormone like (e.g., oxysterol-like, catechol estrogen quinone-like, etc.) metabolites and related DNA-adducts, apparently of parasite origin, in developmental stages including eggs of S. haematobium, in urine of people with urogenital schistosomiasis, and in the adult stage of O. viverrini. Since these kinds of sterol derivatives are metabolized to active quinones that can modify DNA, which in other contexts can lead to breast and other cancers, helminth parasite associated sterols might induce tumor-like phenotypes in the target cells susceptible to helminth parasite associated cancers, i.e., urothelial cells of the bladder in the case of urogenital schistosomiasis and the bile duct epithelia or cholangiocytes, in the case of O. viverrini and C. sinensis. Indeed we postulate that helminth induced cancers originate from parasite estrogen-host epithelial/urothelial cell chromosomal DNA adducts, and here we review recent findings that support this conjecture.
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Affiliation(s)
- José M Correia da Costa
- Center for Parasite Biology and Immunology, National Health Institute Doutor Ricardo Jorge Porto, Portugal ; Center for the Study of Animal Science, Instituto de Ciências e Tecnologias Agrárias e Agroalimentares, University of Porto Porto, Portugal
| | - Nuno Vale
- Department of Chemistry and Biochemistry, Centro de Investigação em Química, University of Porto Porto, Portugal
| | - Maria J Gouveia
- Center for the Study of Animal Science, Instituto de Ciências e Tecnologias Agrárias e Agroalimentares, University of Porto Porto, Portugal ; Department of Chemistry and Biochemistry, Centro de Investigação em Química, University of Porto Porto, Portugal
| | - Mónica C Botelho
- Department of Health Promotion and Chronic Diseases, National Health Institute Doutor Ricardo Jorge Porto, Portugal
| | - Banchob Sripa
- Tropical Disease Research Laboratory, Liver Fluke and Cholangiocarcinoma Research Center, Department of Pathology, Faculty of Medicine, Khon Kaen University Khon Kaen, Thailand
| | - Lúcio L Santos
- Experimental Pathology and Therapeutics Group, Portuguese Institute for Oncology of Porto Porto, Portugal
| | - Júlio H Santos
- Center for the Study of Animal Science, Instituto de Ciências e Tecnologias Agrárias e Agroalimentares, University of Porto Porto, Portugal ; Experimental Pathology and Therapeutics Group, Portuguese Institute for Oncology of Porto Porto, Portugal
| | - Gabriel Rinaldi
- Research Center for Neglected Diseases of Poverty, Department of Microbiology, Immunology and Tropical Medicine, School of Medicine & Health Sciences, George Washington University Washington, DC, USA
| | - Paul J Brindley
- Research Center for Neglected Diseases of Poverty, Department of Microbiology, Immunology and Tropical Medicine, School of Medicine & Health Sciences, George Washington University Washington, DC, USA
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272
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Bility MT, Sripa B. Chronic Opisthorchis viverrini infection and associated hepatobiliary disease is associated with iron loaded M2-like macrophages. THE KOREAN JOURNAL OF PARASITOLOGY 2014; 52:695-9. [PMID: 25548425 PMCID: PMC4277036 DOI: 10.3347/kjp.2014.52.6.695] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/07/2014] [Revised: 09/02/2014] [Accepted: 09/07/2014] [Indexed: 11/23/2022]
Abstract
Chronic Opisthorchis viverrini-induced hepatobiliary disease is associated with significant leukocyte infiltration, including activated macrophages; however, the polarization of infiltrating macrophages remains to be fully characterized. In this study, we characterized macrophage polarization and phenotype in chronic O. viverrini-induced hepatobiliary disease in humans and hamsters using gene expression and histochemical analysis. Chronic O. viverrini infection and associated hepatobiliary diseases were associated with iron loaded M2-like macrophages in both humans and hamsters. This study provides suggestive evidence that iron loaded M2-like macrophages promote hepatobiliary disease in chronic O. viverrini infection.
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Affiliation(s)
- Moses T Bility
- Department of Microbiology and Immunology, University of North Carolina, Chapel Hill, North Carolina, USA
| | - Banchob Sripa
- Department of Pathology, Khon Kaen University, Khon Kaen, Thailand
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273
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Charoensuk L, Pinlaor P, Laothong U, Yongvanit P, Pairojkul C, Nawa Y, Pinlaor S. Bile canalicular changes and defective bile secretion in Opisthorchis viverrini-infected hamsters. Folia Parasitol (Praha) 2014. [DOI: 10.14411/fp.2014.063] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/12/2022]
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274
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Intuyod K, Priprem A, Limphirat W, Charoensuk L, Pinlaor P, Pairojkul C, Lertrat K, Pinlaor S. Anti-inflammatory and anti-periductal fibrosis effects of an anthocyanin complex in Opisthorchis viverrini-infected hamsters. Food Chem Toxicol 2014; 74:206-15. [PMID: 25447758 DOI: 10.1016/j.fct.2014.09.021] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/17/2014] [Revised: 08/30/2014] [Accepted: 09/29/2014] [Indexed: 10/24/2022]
Abstract
The pharmacological activities of herbal extracts can be enhanced by complex formation. In this study, we manipulated cyanidin and delphinidin-rich extracts to form an anthocyanin complex (AC) with turmeric and evaluated activity against inflammation and periductal fibrosis in Opisthorchis viverrini-infected hamsters. The AC was prepared from anthocyanins extracted from cobs of purple waxy corn (70%), petals of blue butterfly pea (20%) and turmeric extract (10%), resulting in an enhanced free-radical scavenging capacity. Oral administration of AC (175 and 700 mg/kg body weight) every day for 1 month to O. viverrini-infected hamsters resulted in reduced inflammatory cells and periductal fibrosis. Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy and partial least square discriminant analysis suggested nucleic acid changes in the O. viverrini-infected liver samples, which were partially prevented by the AC treatment. AC reduced 8-oxodG formation, an oxidative DNA damage marker, significantly decreased levels of nitrite in the plasma and alanine aminotransferase activity and increased the ferric reducing ability of plasma. AC also decreased the expression of oxidant-related genes (NF-κB and iNOS) and increased the expression of antioxidant-related genes (CAT, SOD, and GPx). Thus, AC increases free-radical scavenging capacity, decreases inflammation, suppresses oxidative/nitrative stress, and reduces liver injury and periductal fibrosis in O. viverrini-infected hamsters.
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Affiliation(s)
- Kitti Intuyod
- Biomedical Science Program, Graduate School, Khon Kaen University, Khon Kaen, Thailand
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275
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Miwa M, Honjo S, You G, Tanaka M, Uchida K, Srivatanakul P, Khuhaprema T, Loilome W, Techasen A, Wongkham C, Limpaiboon T, Yongvanit P, Wongkham S. Genetic and environmental determinants of risk for cholangiocarcinoma in Thailand. World J Gastrointest Pathophysiol 2014; 5:570-578. [PMID: 25401000 PMCID: PMC4231521 DOI: 10.4291/wjgp.v5.i4.570] [Citation(s) in RCA: 17] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/11/2014] [Revised: 05/01/2014] [Accepted: 09/10/2014] [Indexed: 02/06/2023] Open
Abstract
Cholangiocarcinoma (CCA) is a difficult cancer to diagnose in the early stage and to treat by curative resection. The incidence of CCA in the northeast of Thailand is the highest in the world. To make progress in detecting a high risk group and in the prevention and detection of CCA, we have been analyzing the risk factors for CCA. Although liver fluke infection is known to be a risk factor, there are patients who are not infected with the liver fluke and not all people infected with the liver fluke will suffer from the disease. Therefore, it is of the utmost importance to analyze the risk factors and the mechanism to prevent the disease and also to detect the disease in its early stage to save patients’ lives. Through collaboration among Thai and Japanese researchers, we analyzed the genetic and environmental determinants of risks for CCA. Also, we have been trying to develop methods to detect the disease in a non-invasive way. Without repeating findings reported in various reviews on CCA, we will first discuss the environmental and genetic determinants of the risks for CCA. Second, we will discuss the properties of CCA, including the etiological agents and the mechanism of cholangiocarcinogenesis, and finally, we will discuss future approaches to prevent and cure CCA from the standpoint of evidence-based medicine. We will discuss these points by including the data from our laboratories. We would like to emphasize the importance of the genetic data, especially whole genome approaches, to understand the properties of CCA, to find a high risk population for CCA and to develop effective preventative methods to stop the carcinogenic steps toward CCA in the near future. In addition, it is of the upmost importance to develop a non-invasive, specific and sensitive method to detect CCA in its early stage for the application of modern medical approaches to help patients with CCA.
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276
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Papatpremsiri A, Smout MJ, Loukas A, Brindley PJ, Sripa B, Laha T. Suppression of Ov-grn-1 encoding granulin of Opisthorchis viverrini inhibits proliferation of biliary epithelial cells. Exp Parasitol 2014; 148:17-23. [PMID: 25450776 DOI: 10.1016/j.exppara.2014.11.004] [Citation(s) in RCA: 24] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/11/2014] [Revised: 10/11/2014] [Accepted: 11/12/2014] [Indexed: 12/12/2022]
Abstract
Multistep processes likely underlie cholangiocarcinogenesis induced by chronic infection with the fish-borne liver fluke, Opisthorchis viverrini. One process appears to be cellular proliferation of the host bile duct epithelia driven by excretory-secretory (ES) products of this pathogen. Specifically, the secreted growth factor Ov-GRN-1, a liver fluke granulin, is a prominent component of ES and a known driver of hyper-proliferation of cultured human and mouse cells in vitro. We show potent hyper-proliferation of human cholangiocytes induced by low nanomolar levels of recombinant Ov-GRN-1 and similar growth produced by low microgram concentrations of ES products and soluble lysates of the adult worm. To further explore the influence of Ov-GRN-1 on the flukes and the host cells, expression of Ov-grn-1 was repressed using RNA interference. Expression of Ov-grn-1 was suppressed by 95% by day 3 and by ~100% by day 7. Co-culture of Ov-grn-1 suppressed flukes with human cholangiocyte (H-69) or human cholangiocarcinoma (KKU-M214) cell lines retarded cell hyper-proliferation by 25% and 92%, respectively. Intriguingly, flukes in which expression of Ov-grn-1 was repressed were less viable in culture, suggesting that Ov-GRN-1 is an essential growth factor for survival of the adult stage of O. viverrini, at least in vitro. To summarize, specific knock down of Ov-grn-1 reduced in vitro survival and capacity of ES products to drive host cell proliferation. These findings may help to contribute to a deeper understanding of liver fluke induced cholangiocarcinogenesis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Atiroch Papatpremsiri
- Graduate School, Khon Kaen University, 40002 Khon Kaen, Thailand; Department of Parasitology, Faculty of Medicine, Khon Kaen University, Khon Kaen 40002, Thailand
| | - Michael J Smout
- Centre for Biodiscovery and Molecular Development of Therapeutics, Australian Institute of Tropical Health and Medicine, Queensland Tropical Health Alliance Laboratory, James Cook University, Cairns, Queensland 4878, Australia
| | - Alex Loukas
- Centre for Biodiscovery and Molecular Development of Therapeutics, Australian Institute of Tropical Health and Medicine, Queensland Tropical Health Alliance Laboratory, James Cook University, Cairns, Queensland 4878, Australia
| | - Paul J Brindley
- Department of Microbiology, Immunology and Tropical Medicine, and Research Center for Neglected Diseases of Poverty, School of Medicine & Health Sciences, George Washington University, Washington, DC 20037, USA
| | - Banchob Sripa
- Tropical Disease Research Laboratory, Department of Pathology, Faculty of Medicine, Khon Kaen University, Khon Kaen 40002, Thailand
| | - Thewarach Laha
- Department of Parasitology, Faculty of Medicine, Khon Kaen University, Khon Kaen 40002, Thailand; Liver Fluke and Cholangiocarcinoma Research Center, Faculty of Medicine, Khon Kaen University, Khon Kaen 40002, Thailand.
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277
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Clonorchis sinensis infestation promotes three-dimensional aggregation and invasion of cholangiocarcinoma cells. PLoS One 2014; 9:e110705. [PMID: 25340585 PMCID: PMC4207741 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0110705] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/08/2014] [Accepted: 09/14/2014] [Indexed: 12/30/2022] Open
Abstract
Numerous experimental and epidemiological studies have demonstrated a correlation between Clonorchis sinensis (C. sinensis) infestation and cholangiocarcinoma (CCA). However, the role of C. sinensis in the increased invasiveness and proliferation involved in the malignancy of CCA has not been addressed yet. Here, we investigated the possibility that C. sinensis infestation promotes expression of focal and cell-cell adhesion proteins in CCA cells and secretion of matrix metalloproteinases (MMPs). Adhesion proteins help maintain cell aggregates, and MMPs promote the three-dimensional invasion of cells into the neighboring extracellular matrix (ECM). Using a novel microfluidic assay, we quantitatively addressed the role of excretory-secretory products (ESPs) gradients from C. sinensis in promoting the invasion of cells into the neighboring ECM.
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278
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Immunization and challenge shown by hamsters infected with Opisthorchis viverrini following exposure to gamma-irradiated metacercariae of this carcinogenic liver fluke. J Helminthol 2014; 90:39-47. [PMID: 25315797 DOI: 10.1017/s0022149x14000741] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/06/2022]
Abstract
Here we report findings to optimize and standardize conditions to attenuate metacercariae of Opisthorchis viverrini by ionizing radiation to elicit protective immune responses to challenge infection. Metacercariae were gamma-irradiated and the ability of irradiated metacercariae to prevent patent infection of challenge metacercariae in hamsters was determined, as well as their ability to induce a host antibody response. Metacercariae irradiated in a dose-dependent manner, with 3, 5, 10, 12, 20, 25 and 50 Gray, were used to infect Syrian golden hamsters by stomach gavage to ascertain the effect of irradiation on ability of the worms to establish infection. In addition, other hamsters were infected with metacercariae irradiated with 20-50 Gray, followed by challenge with intact/wild-type (non-irradiated) metacercariae to determine the protective effect as established by the numbers of adult flukes, eggs of O. viverrini in hamster faeces and anti-O. viverrini antibody titres. Significantly fewer worms were recovered from hamsters immunized with metacercariae irradiated at 20, 25 and 50 Gray than from control hamsters infected with intact metacercariae or 0 Gray, and the worms showed damaged reproductive organs. Faecal egg numbers were decreased significantly in hamsters immunized with 25 and 50 Gray metacercariae of O. viverrini. Moreover, hamsters administered metacercariae that were protected elicited a robust, specific anti-fluke immunoglobulin G response compared to control hamsters, suggesting a role for antibody in protection elicited by radiation-attenuated metacercariae.
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279
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Habermeyer M, Roth A, Guth S, Diel P, Engel KH, Epe B, Fürst P, Heinz V, Humpf HU, Joost HG, Knorr D, de Kok T, Kulling S, Lampen A, Marko D, Rechkemmer G, Rietjens I, Stadler RH, Vieths S, Vogel R, Steinberg P, Eisenbrand G. Nitrate and nitrite in the diet: how to assess their benefit and risk for human health. Mol Nutr Food Res 2014; 59:106-28. [PMID: 25164923 DOI: 10.1002/mnfr.201400286] [Citation(s) in RCA: 144] [Impact Index Per Article: 14.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/29/2014] [Revised: 07/29/2014] [Accepted: 08/04/2014] [Indexed: 12/15/2022]
Abstract
Nitrate is a natural constituent of the human diet and an approved food additive. It can be partially converted to nitrogen monoxide, which induces vasodilation and thereby decreases blood pressure. This effect is associated with a reduced risk regarding cardiovascular disease, myocardial infarction, and stroke. Moreover, dietary nitrate has been associated with beneficial effects in patients with gastric ulcer, renal failure, or metabolic syndrome. Recent studies indicate that such beneficial health effects due to dietary nitrate may be achievable at intake levels resulting from the daily consumption of nitrate-rich vegetables. N-nitroso compounds are endogenously formed in humans. However, their relevance for human health has not been adequately explored up to now. Nitrate and nitrite are per se not carcinogenic, but under conditions that result in endogenous nitrosation, it cannot be excluded that ingested nitrate and nitrite may lead to an increased cancer risk and may probably be carcinogenic to humans. In this review, the known beneficial and detrimental health effects related to dietary nitrate/nitrite intake are described and the identified gaps in knowledge as well as the research needs required to perform a reliable benefit/risk assessment in terms of long-term human health consequences due to dietary nitrate/nitrite intake are presented.
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Affiliation(s)
- Michael Habermeyer
- Department of Food Chemistry and Toxicology, University of Kaiserslautern, Kaiserslautern, Germany**
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280
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Prasopdee S, Tesana S, Cantacessi C, Laha T, Mulvenna J, Grams R, Loukas A, Sotillo J. Proteomic profile of Bithynia siamensis goniomphalos snails upon infection with the carcinogenic liver fluke Opisthorchis viverrini. J Proteomics 2014; 113:281-91. [PMID: 25284051 DOI: 10.1016/j.jprot.2014.09.018] [Citation(s) in RCA: 16] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/05/2014] [Revised: 09/11/2014] [Accepted: 09/23/2014] [Indexed: 12/30/2022]
Abstract
UNLABELLED The snail Bithynia siamensis goniomphalos acts as the first intermediate host for the human liver fluke Opisthorchis viverrini, the major cause of cholangiocarcinoma (CCA) in Northeast Thailand. The undisputed link between CCA and O. viverrini infection has precipitated efforts to understand the molecular basis of host-parasite interactions with a view to ultimately developing new control strategies to combat this carcinogenic infection. To date most effort has focused on the interactions between the parasite and its human host, and little is known about the molecular relationships between the liver fluke and its snail intermediate host. In the present study we analyse the protein expression changes in different tissues of B. siamensis goniomphalos induced by infection with larval O. viverrini using iTRAQ labelling technology. We show that O. viverrini infection downregulates the expression of oxidoreductases and catalytic enzymes, while stress-related and motor proteins are upregulated. The present work could serve as a basis for future studies on the proteins implicated in the susceptibility/resistance of B. siamensis goniomphalos to O. viverrini, as well as studies on other pulmonate snail intermediate hosts of various parasitic flukes that infect humans. BIOLOGICAL SIGNIFICANCE Despite the importance and high prevalence of opisthorchiasis in some regions of Southeast Asia and the direct relationship between infection by Opisthorchis viverrini and the incidence of cholangiocarcinoma, little is known of the modifications induced by this parasite in its snail intermediate hosts. This time-course study provides the first in-depth quantitative proteomic analysis of experimentally infected Bithynia siamensis goniomphalos. We show how motor and stress-related proteins are upregulated in infected snails, while O. viverrini infection downregulates the expression of oxidoreductases and catalytic enzymes. This work serves as a basis for the development of new strategies, focused on the invertebrate intermediate hosts, to control parasite transmission.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sattrachai Prasopdee
- Food-borne Parasite Research Group, Department of Parasitology, Faculty of Medicine, Khon Kaen University, Khon Kaen 40002, Thailand; Centre for Biodiscovery and Molecular Development of Therapeutics, Australian Institute of Tropical Health and Medicine, James Cook University, Cairns, QLD, Australia; Chulabhorn International College of Medicine, Thammasat University, Klong Luang, Pathum Thani 12120, Thailand
| | - Smarn Tesana
- Food-borne Parasite Research Group, Department of Parasitology, Faculty of Medicine, Khon Kaen University, Khon Kaen 40002, Thailand.
| | - Cinzia Cantacessi
- Centre for Biodiscovery and Molecular Development of Therapeutics, Australian Institute of Tropical Health and Medicine, James Cook University, Cairns, QLD, Australia; Department of Veterinary Medicine, University of Cambridge, Cambridge, UK
| | - Thewarach Laha
- Food-borne Parasite Research Group, Department of Parasitology, Faculty of Medicine, Khon Kaen University, Khon Kaen 40002, Thailand
| | - Jason Mulvenna
- QIMR Berghofer Medical Research Institute, Brisbane, QLD, Australia
| | - Rudi Grams
- Graduate Program in Biomedical Sciences, Faculty of Allied Health Sciences, Thammasat University, Klong Luang, Pathum Thani 12120, Thailand
| | - Alex Loukas
- Centre for Biodiscovery and Molecular Development of Therapeutics, Australian Institute of Tropical Health and Medicine, James Cook University, Cairns, QLD, Australia
| | - Javier Sotillo
- Centre for Biodiscovery and Molecular Development of Therapeutics, Australian Institute of Tropical Health and Medicine, James Cook University, Cairns, QLD, Australia.
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281
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Induction of cancer-related microRNA expression profiling using excretory-secretory products of Clonorchis sinensis. Parasitol Res 2014; 113:4447-55. [DOI: 10.1007/s00436-014-4127-y] [Citation(s) in RCA: 25] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/20/2014] [Accepted: 08/29/2014] [Indexed: 02/01/2023]
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282
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Seubwai W, Wongkham C, Puapairoj A, Khuntikeo N, Pugkhem A, Hahnvajanawong C, Chaiyagool J, Umezawa K, Okada S, Wongkham S. Aberrant expression of NF-κB in liver fluke associated cholangiocarcinoma: implications for targeted therapy. PLoS One 2014; 9:e106056. [PMID: 25170898 PMCID: PMC4149500 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0106056] [Citation(s) in RCA: 31] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/05/2014] [Accepted: 07/27/2014] [Indexed: 12/20/2022] Open
Abstract
Background Up-regulation and association of nuclear factor kappa B (NF-κB) with carcinogenesis and tumor progression has been reported in several malignancies. In the current study, expression of NF-κB in cholangiocarcinoma (CCA) patient tissues and its clinical significance were determined. The possibility of using NF-κB as the therapeutic target of CCA was demonstrated. Methodology Expression of NF-κB in CCA patient tissues was determined using immunohistochemistry. Dehydroxymethylepoxyquinomicin (DHMEQ), a specific NF-κB inhibitor, was used to inhibit NF-κB action. Cell growth was determined using an MTT assay, and cell apoptosis was shown by DNA fragmentation, flow cytometry and immunocytofluorescent staining. Effects of DHMEQ on growth and apoptosis were demonstrated in CCA cell lines and CCA-inoculated mice. DHMEQ-induced apoptosis in patient tissues using a histoculture drug response assay was quantified by TUNEL assay. Principal Findings Normal bile duct epithelia rarely expressed NF-κB (subunits p50, p52 and p65), whereas all CCA patient tissues (n = 48) over-expressed all NF-κB subunits. Inhibiting NF-κB action by DHMEQ significantly inhibited growth of human CCA cell lines in a dose- and time-dependent manner. DHMEQ increased cell apoptosis by decreasing the anti-apoptotic protein expressions–Bcl-2, XIAP–and activating caspase pathway. DHMEQ effectively reduced tumor size in CCA-inoculated mice and induced cell apoptosis in primary histocultures of CCA patient tissues. Conclusions NF-κB was over-expressed in CCA tissues. Inhibition of NF-κB action significantly reduced cell growth and enhanced cell apoptosis. This study highlights NF-κB as a molecular target for CCA therapy.
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Affiliation(s)
- Wunchana Seubwai
- Department of Biochemistry, Faculty of Medicine, Khon Kaen University, Khon Kaen, Thailand
- Department of Forensic Medicine, Faculty of Medicine, Khon Kaen University, Khon Kaen, Thailand
- Liver Fluke and Cholangiocarcinoma Research Center, Faculty of Medicine, Khon Kaen University, Khon Kaen, Thailand
| | - Chaisiri Wongkham
- Department of Biochemistry, Faculty of Medicine, Khon Kaen University, Khon Kaen, Thailand
- Liver Fluke and Cholangiocarcinoma Research Center, Faculty of Medicine, Khon Kaen University, Khon Kaen, Thailand
| | - Anucha Puapairoj
- Department of Pathology, Faculty of Medicine, Khon Kaen University, Khon Kaen, Thailand
- Liver Fluke and Cholangiocarcinoma Research Center, Faculty of Medicine, Khon Kaen University, Khon Kaen, Thailand
| | - Narong Khuntikeo
- Department of Surgery, Faculty of Medicine, Khon Kaen University, Khon Kaen, Thailand
- Liver Fluke and Cholangiocarcinoma Research Center, Faculty of Medicine, Khon Kaen University, Khon Kaen, Thailand
| | - Ake Pugkhem
- Department of Surgery, Faculty of Medicine, Khon Kaen University, Khon Kaen, Thailand
- Liver Fluke and Cholangiocarcinoma Research Center, Faculty of Medicine, Khon Kaen University, Khon Kaen, Thailand
| | - Chariya Hahnvajanawong
- Department of Microbiology, Faculty of Medicine, Khon Kaen University, Khon Kaen, Thailand
- Liver Fluke and Cholangiocarcinoma Research Center, Faculty of Medicine, Khon Kaen University, Khon Kaen, Thailand
| | - Jariya Chaiyagool
- Department of Microbiology, Faculty of Medicine, Khon Kaen University, Khon Kaen, Thailand
| | - Kazuo Umezawa
- Department of Molecular Target Medicine Screening, Aichi Medical University, Nagakute, Japan
| | - Seiji Okada
- Division of Hematopoiesis, Center for AIDS Research, Kumamoto University, Honjo, Kumamoto, Japan
- * E-mail: (SW); (SO)
| | - Sopit Wongkham
- Department of Biochemistry, Faculty of Medicine, Khon Kaen University, Khon Kaen, Thailand
- Liver Fluke and Cholangiocarcinoma Research Center, Faculty of Medicine, Khon Kaen University, Khon Kaen, Thailand
- * E-mail: (SW); (SO)
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283
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León-Cabrera S, Callejas BE, Ledesma-Soto Y, Coronel J, Pérez-Plasencia C, Gutiérrez-Cirlos EB, Ávila-Moreno F, Rodríguez-Sosa M, Hernández-Pando R, Marquina-Castillo B, Chirino YI, Terrazas LI. Extraintestinal helminth infection reduces the development of colitis-associated tumorigenesis. Int J Biol Sci 2014; 10:948-56. [PMID: 25210492 PMCID: PMC4159685 DOI: 10.7150/ijbs.9033] [Citation(s) in RCA: 21] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/06/2014] [Accepted: 07/03/2014] [Indexed: 01/06/2023] Open
Abstract
Colitis-associated colorectal cancer (CAC) is one of the most common cancers and is closely related to chronic or deregulated inflammation. Helminthic infections can modulate inflammatory responses in some diseases, but their immunomodulatory role during cancer development remains completely unknown. We have analyzed the role of Taenia crassiceps-induced anti-inflammatory response in determining the outcome of CAC. We show that extraintestinal T. crassiceps infection in CAC mice inhibited colonic inflammatory responses and tumor formation and prevented goblet cell loss. There was also increased expression of IL-4 and alternatively activated macrophages markers in colonic tissue and negative immunomodulation of pro-inflammatory cytokine expression. In addition, T. crassiceps infection prevented the upregulation of β-catenin and CXCR2 expression observed in the CAC mice, which are both markers associated with CAC-tumorigenesis, and reduced the numbers of circulating and colonic CD11b+Ly6ChiCCR2+ monocytes. Thus, immunomodulatory activities induced by helminth infections may have a role in the progression of CAC.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sonia León-Cabrera
- 1. Unidad de Biomedicina. Facultad de Estudios Superiores-Iztacala. Universidad Nacional Autónoma de México. Av. de los Barrios 1, Los Reyes Iztacala, Tlalnepantla, Edo. de México. México 54090
| | - Blanca E Callejas
- 1. Unidad de Biomedicina. Facultad de Estudios Superiores-Iztacala. Universidad Nacional Autónoma de México. Av. de los Barrios 1, Los Reyes Iztacala, Tlalnepantla, Edo. de México. México 54090
| | - Yadira Ledesma-Soto
- 1. Unidad de Biomedicina. Facultad de Estudios Superiores-Iztacala. Universidad Nacional Autónoma de México. Av. de los Barrios 1, Los Reyes Iztacala, Tlalnepantla, Edo. de México. México 54090
| | - Jossimar Coronel
- 1. Unidad de Biomedicina. Facultad de Estudios Superiores-Iztacala. Universidad Nacional Autónoma de México. Av. de los Barrios 1, Los Reyes Iztacala, Tlalnepantla, Edo. de México. México 54090
| | - Carlos Pérez-Plasencia
- 1. Unidad de Biomedicina. Facultad de Estudios Superiores-Iztacala. Universidad Nacional Autónoma de México. Av. de los Barrios 1, Los Reyes Iztacala, Tlalnepantla, Edo. de México. México 54090
| | - Emma B Gutiérrez-Cirlos
- 1. Unidad de Biomedicina. Facultad de Estudios Superiores-Iztacala. Universidad Nacional Autónoma de México. Av. de los Barrios 1, Los Reyes Iztacala, Tlalnepantla, Edo. de México. México 54090
| | - Federico Ávila-Moreno
- 1. Unidad de Biomedicina. Facultad de Estudios Superiores-Iztacala. Universidad Nacional Autónoma de México. Av. de los Barrios 1, Los Reyes Iztacala, Tlalnepantla, Edo. de México. México 54090
| | - Miriam Rodríguez-Sosa
- 1. Unidad de Biomedicina. Facultad de Estudios Superiores-Iztacala. Universidad Nacional Autónoma de México. Av. de los Barrios 1, Los Reyes Iztacala, Tlalnepantla, Edo. de México. México 54090
| | - Rogelio Hernández-Pando
- 2. Instituto Nacional de Ciencias Médicas y Nutrición Salvador Zubiran. Vasco de Quiroga 15, Colonia Sección XVI, Tlalpan, México D.F., México 14000
| | - Brenda Marquina-Castillo
- 2. Instituto Nacional de Ciencias Médicas y Nutrición Salvador Zubiran. Vasco de Quiroga 15, Colonia Sección XVI, Tlalpan, México D.F., México 14000
| | - Yolanda I Chirino
- 1. Unidad de Biomedicina. Facultad de Estudios Superiores-Iztacala. Universidad Nacional Autónoma de México. Av. de los Barrios 1, Los Reyes Iztacala, Tlalnepantla, Edo. de México. México 54090
| | - Luis I Terrazas
- 1. Unidad de Biomedicina. Facultad de Estudios Superiores-Iztacala. Universidad Nacional Autónoma de México. Av. de los Barrios 1, Los Reyes Iztacala, Tlalnepantla, Edo. de México. México 54090
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284
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Park SS, Izadjoo MJ. Wound infections and healing: are they contributing factors for carcinogenesis? J Wound Care 2014; 23:314, 316-9, 321-2 passim. [PMID: 24920202 DOI: 10.12968/jowc.2014.23.6.314] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/28/2022]
Abstract
The link between inflammation and tumourisation has long been considered as a key event in clinical cancer development. Inflammation and inflammatory diseases can be caused by many factors including infectious agents, altered genetics and various degrees of injuries from simple cuts to traumatic wounds, such as those suffered in battlefield. Improved management of all wound types is critical in protecting affected individuals against the development of tumourisation cues, which may potentially lead to cancer development. There have been numerous studies on the mechanism of inflammation-induced tumourisation. Thus, in this mini review, we summarised evidence demonstrating the potential link between infectious agents and their moonlight proteins, wounding, trauma, overactive repair mechanisms, and carcinogenesis.
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Affiliation(s)
- S S Park
- PhD, Research Scientist, Diagnostics and Translational Research Center, The Henry M. Jackson Foundation for the Advancement of Military Medicine, Gaithersburg, US
| | - M J Izadjoo
- PhD, Senior Distinguished Scientist, Diagnostics and Translational Research Center, The Henry M. Jackson Foundation for the Advancement of Military Medicine, Gaithersburg, US
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285
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Manwong M, Songserm N, Promthet S, Matsuo K. Risk factors for cholangiocarcinoma in the lower part of Northeast Thailand: a hospital-based case-control study. Asian Pac J Cancer Prev 2014; 14:5953-6. [PMID: 24289607 DOI: 10.7314/apjcp.2013.14.10.5953] [Citation(s) in RCA: 24] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/15/2022] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Cholangiocarcinoma (CCA) is the most common cancer in Northeast Thailand. It is also a crucial health problem for Thai people. Various risk factors for CCA have been identified in the upper part of Northeast Thailand, but no similar studies of risk factors have been conducted in the lower parts of the region. This study aimed to investigate factors associated with CCA in the resident population. MATERIALS AND METHODS A hospital-based case-control study was conducted during 2009-2012 with the recruitment of 123 CCA cases and 123 non-CCA patient controls, matched for sex, age and residential area. Information was collected by interview with a structured questionnaire. Blood samples were collected for assays of anti-OV antibodies. Associations between various personal factors, dietary habits, family history, the presence of anti-OV antibodies and CCA were analyzed using multiple conditional logistic regression. RESULTS Patients who consumed raw meat (beef, pork) and alcoholic beverages ≥3 times per week had a higher risk of CCA than non-consumers (ORadj=4.33; 95%CI=1.14-16.35 and ORadj=2.13; 95%CI=1.00-4.55, respectively). Patients who had a family history of cancer had a higher risk than those who did not (ORadj=4.34; 95%CI=1.80-10.43). Also, patients who had anti-OV antibodies (AU>23.337) had a higher risk than those whose anti-OV antibodies were below the cut-off (AU≤23.34) (ORadj=3.09; 95%CI=1.04-9.16). CONCLUSIONS As is the case in the upper part of Northeast Thailand, OV infection is a crucial risk factor for CCA in people who live in lower part of the region. Similarly, a family history of cancer and the consumption of alcohol are risk factors for CCA.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mereerat Manwong
- edicine and Public Health, Ubon Ratchathani University, Thailand E-mail :
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286
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Silakit R, Loilome W, Yongvanit P, Chusorn P, Techasen A, Boonmars T, Khuntikeo N, Chamadol N, Pairojkul C, Namwat N. Circulating miR-192 in liver fluke-associated cholangiocarcinoma patients: a prospective prognostic indicator. JOURNAL OF HEPATO-BILIARY-PANCREATIC SCIENCES 2014; 21:864-72. [PMID: 25131257 DOI: 10.1002/jhbp.145] [Citation(s) in RCA: 58] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/25/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND This study aimed to investigate the miR-192 levels in patients' sera of liver fluke-associated cholangiocarcinoma (CCA) for a prospective prognostic indicator. METHODS MicroRNA polymerase chain reaction (PCR) array was performed using pooled serum samples from 11 CCA patients and nine healthy subjects. Selected miRNAs were verified for the differential levels in both sera and tumor tissues (of patients and Opisthorchis viverrini (Ov)-induced CCA model) using TaqMan miRNA expression assay. RESULTS Our results demonstrated that miR-192 was significantly higher in the serum of CCA patients than that in healthy subjects giving a sensitivity of 74% and specificity of 72% (area under the curve [AUC] = 0.803; 95% confidence interval [CI], 0.708-0.897, P < 0.0001). Serum miR-192 examined in Ov infected subjects and subjects with periductal fibrosis were increased but not statistically significantly when compared with healthy subjects. High levels of serum miR-192 were significantly correlated with lymph node metastasis (P = 0.047) and shorter survival compared with individuals with low levels of serum miR-192 (hazard ratio [HR] 2.076, 95% CI 1.004-4.291, P = 0.049). We also found that the expression levels of miR-192 appeared to be elevated in both CCA tissues of patients and in Ov-induced CCA tissues of a hamster model. CONCLUSIONS This finding indicates that elevated levels of miR-192 may be involved in CCA genesis and have a potential utility as a noninvasive prognostic indicator for CCA patients.
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Affiliation(s)
- Runglawan Silakit
- Department of Biochemistry, Faculty of Medicine, Khon Kaen University, 123 Mitraparb Road, Khon Kaen, 40002, Thailand; Liver Fluke and Cholangiocarcinoma Research Center, Khon Kaen University, Khon Kaen, Thailand.
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287
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Hotez PJ, Alvarado M, Basáñez MG, Bolliger I, Bourne R, Boussinesq M, Brooker SJ, Brown AS, Buckle G, Budke CM, Carabin H, Coffeng LE, Fèvre EM, Fürst T, Halasa YA, Jasrasaria R, Johns NE, Keiser J, King CH, Lozano R, Murdoch ME, O'Hanlon S, Pion SDS, Pullan RL, Ramaiah KD, Roberts T, Shepard DS, Smith JL, Stolk WA, Undurraga EA, Utzinger J, Wang M, Murray CJL, Naghavi M. The global burden of disease study 2010: interpretation and implications for the neglected tropical diseases. PLoS Negl Trop Dis 2014; 8:e2865. [PMID: 25058013 PMCID: PMC4109880 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pntd.0002865] [Citation(s) in RCA: 663] [Impact Index Per Article: 66.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/21/2022] Open
Affiliation(s)
- Peter J. Hotez
- National School of Tropical Medicine at Baylor College of Medicine, Houston, Texas, United States of America
- Sabin Vaccine Institute and Texas Children's Hospital Center for Vaccine Development, Houston, Texas, United States of America
- James A. Baker III Institute at Rice University, Houston, Texas, United States of America
- * E-mail: (PJH); (CJLM); (MN)
| | - Miriam Alvarado
- Institute for Health Metrics and Evaluation, University of Washington, Seattle, Washington, United States of America
| | | | - Ian Bolliger
- Institute for Health Metrics and Evaluation, University of Washington, Seattle, Washington, United States of America
| | - Rupert Bourne
- Vision and Eye Research Unit, Anglia Ruskin University, Cambridge, United Kingdom
| | | | - Simon J. Brooker
- London School of Hygiene and Tropical Medicine, London, United Kingdom
| | - Ami Shah Brown
- Inovio Pharmaceuticals, Inc., Blue Bell, Pennsylvania, United States of America
| | - Geoffrey Buckle
- Johns Hopkins University Bloomberg School of Public Health, Baltimore, Maryland, United States of America
| | | | - Hélène Carabin
- University of Oklahoma Health Sciences Center, Oklahoma City, Oklahoma, United States of America
| | - Luc E. Coffeng
- Institute for Health Metrics and Evaluation, University of Washington, Seattle, Washington, United States of America
- Erasmus MC, University Medical Center Rotterdam, Rotterdam, Netherlands
| | - Eric M. Fèvre
- Institute of Infection and Global Health, University of Liverpool, Liverpool, United Kingdom
- International Livestock Research Institute, Nairobi, Kenya
| | - Thomas Fürst
- Imperial College London, London, United Kingdom
- Swiss Tropical and Public Health Institute, Basel, Switzerland
- University of Basel, Basel, Switzerland
| | - Yara A. Halasa
- Brandeis University, Waltham, Massachusetts, United States of America
| | - Rashmi Jasrasaria
- Institute for Health Metrics and Evaluation, University of Washington, Seattle, Washington, United States of America
| | - Nicole E. Johns
- Institute for Health Metrics and Evaluation, University of Washington, Seattle, Washington, United States of America
| | - Jennifer Keiser
- Swiss Tropical and Public Health Institute, Basel, Switzerland
- University of Basel, Basel, Switzerland
| | - Charles H. King
- Case Western Reserve University, Cleveland, Ohio, United States of America
| | - Rafael Lozano
- Institute for Health Metrics and Evaluation, University of Washington, Seattle, Washington, United States of America
| | | | | | | | - Rachel L. Pullan
- London School of Hygiene and Tropical Medicine, London, United Kingdom
| | | | - Thomas Roberts
- Stanford University School of Medicine, Stanford, California, United States of America
| | - Donald S. Shepard
- Brandeis University, Waltham, Massachusetts, United States of America
| | - Jennifer L. Smith
- London School of Hygiene and Tropical Medicine, London, United Kingdom
| | - Wilma A. Stolk
- Erasmus MC, University Medical Center Rotterdam, Rotterdam, Netherlands
| | | | - Jürg Utzinger
- Swiss Tropical and Public Health Institute, Basel, Switzerland
- University of Basel, Basel, Switzerland
| | - Mengru Wang
- Institute for Health Metrics and Evaluation, University of Washington, Seattle, Washington, United States of America
| | - Christopher J. L. Murray
- Institute for Health Metrics and Evaluation, University of Washington, Seattle, Washington, United States of America
- * E-mail: (PJH); (CJLM); (MN)
| | - Mohsen Naghavi
- Institute for Health Metrics and Evaluation, University of Washington, Seattle, Washington, United States of America
- * E-mail: (PJH); (CJLM); (MN)
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288
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Plieskatt JL, Feng Y, Rinaldi G, Mulvenna JP, Bethony JM, Brindley PJ. Circumventing qPCR inhibition to amplify miRNAs in plasma. Biomark Res 2014; 2:13. [PMID: 25075309 PMCID: PMC4114091 DOI: 10.1186/2050-7771-2-13] [Citation(s) in RCA: 23] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/24/2014] [Accepted: 07/11/2014] [Indexed: 01/05/2023] Open
Abstract
Background Circulating microRNAs (c-miRNAs) have be identified in saliva, urine and blood, which has led to increasing interest in their development as biomarkers for diverse diseases including cancers. One of the key advantages of c-miRNAs over other biomarkers is the ability to be amplified and quantified by quantitative PCR (qPCR). However, at phlebotomy when whole blood is dispensed into heparinized tubes, residual levels of the anti-coagulant lithium heparin may remain in the plasma and hence with RNA isolated from the plasma. This can confound the detection of c-miRNAs by qPCR because it inhibits reverse transcriptase (RT). Here we present a procedure, modified from earlier techniques, to detect c-miRNAs in plasma that improves sensitivity and streamlines performance. Findings Treatment of total RNA isolated from human blood plasma with Bacteroides heparinase I during reverse transcription at 37°C for one hour improved sensitivity and performance of the qPCR. This is in comparison to no treatment or treatment of the RNA prior to RT, which is the current suggested method and exposes plasma to Flavobacterium heparinum heparinase I for up to 2 hours before RT. This modest alteration improved qPCR performance and resulted in lowered threshold cycles (Ct) for detection of the target sequence, candidate c-miRNA biomarkers, and controls. It also reduced the expense and number of processing steps, shortening the duration of the assay and minimizing exposure of RNA to elevated temperatures. Conclusion Incorporating Bacteroides heparinase I treatment into conventional RT protocols targeting c-miRNA in plasma can be expected to expedite the discovery of biomarkers.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jordan L Plieskatt
- Department of Microbiology, Immunology and Tropical Medicine, and Research Center for the Neglected Diseases of Poverty, School of Medicine and Health Sciences, George Washington University, Washington, D.C., USA
| | - Yanjun Feng
- Department of Microbiology, Immunology and Tropical Medicine, and Research Center for the Neglected Diseases of Poverty, School of Medicine and Health Sciences, George Washington University, Washington, D.C., USA
| | - Gabriel Rinaldi
- Department of Microbiology, Immunology and Tropical Medicine, and Research Center for the Neglected Diseases of Poverty, School of Medicine and Health Sciences, George Washington University, Washington, D.C., USA
| | - Jason P Mulvenna
- Infectious Disease and Cancer, QIMR Berghofer Medical Research Institute, Brisbane, Queensland, Australia ; The University of Queensland, School of Biomedical Sciences, Brisbane, Queensland, Australia
| | - Jeffrey M Bethony
- Department of Microbiology, Immunology and Tropical Medicine, and Research Center for the Neglected Diseases of Poverty, School of Medicine and Health Sciences, George Washington University, Washington, D.C., USA
| | - Paul J Brindley
- Department of Microbiology, Immunology and Tropical Medicine, and Research Center for the Neglected Diseases of Poverty, School of Medicine and Health Sciences, George Washington University, Washington, D.C., USA
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289
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Kiatsopit N, Sithithaworn P, Saijuntha W, Pitaksakulrat O, Petney TN, Webster JP, Andrews RH. Analysis of the population genetics of Opisthorchis viverrini sensu lato in the Nam Ngum River wetland, Lao PDR, by multilocus enzyme electrophoresis. Parasitol Res 2014; 113:2973-81. [DOI: 10.1007/s00436-014-3959-9] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/17/2014] [Accepted: 05/20/2014] [Indexed: 01/05/2023]
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290
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Young ND, Nagarajan N, Lin SJ, Korhonen PK, Jex AR, Hall RS, Safavi-Hemami H, Kaewkong W, Bertrand D, Gao S, Seet Q, Wongkham S, Teh BT, Wongkham C, Intapan PM, Maleewong W, Yang X, Hu M, Wang Z, Hofmann A, Sternberg PW, Tan P, Wang J, Gasser RB. The Opisthorchis viverrini genome provides insights into life in the bile duct. Nat Commun 2014; 5:4378. [PMID: 25007141 PMCID: PMC4104445 DOI: 10.1038/ncomms5378] [Citation(s) in RCA: 118] [Impact Index Per Article: 11.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/03/2014] [Accepted: 06/11/2014] [Indexed: 12/15/2022] Open
Abstract
Opisthorchiasis is a neglected, tropical disease caused by the carcinogenic Asian liver fluke, Opisthorchis viverrini. This hepatobiliary disease is linked to malignant cancer (cholangiocarcinoma, CCA) and affects millions of people in Asia. No vaccine is available, and only one drug (praziquantel) is used against the parasite. Little is known about O. viverrini biology and the diseases that it causes. Here we characterize the draft genome (634.5 Mb) and transcriptomes of O. viverrini, elucidate how this fluke survives in the hostile environment within the bile duct and show that metabolic pathways in the parasite are highly adapted to a lipid-rich diet from bile and/or cholangiocytes. We also provide additional evidence that O. viverrini and other flukes secrete proteins that directly modulate host cell proliferation. Our molecular resources now underpin profound explorations of opisthorchiasis/CCA and the design of new interventions. The Asian liver fluke is a parasitic worm that is linked to an increased risk of malignant cancer. Here, the authors sequence the draft genome and transcriptome of this fluke and provide insight into how the species has adapted to be able to survive in the bile duct.
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Affiliation(s)
- Neil D Young
- 1] Faculty of Veterinary Science, The University of Melbourne, Melbourne, Victoria 3010, Australia [2]
| | - Niranjan Nagarajan
- 1] Genome Institute of Singapore, 60 Biopolis Street, Singapore 138672, Republic of Singapore [2]
| | - Suling Joyce Lin
- Genome Institute of Singapore, 60 Biopolis Street, Singapore 138672, Republic of Singapore
| | - Pasi K Korhonen
- Faculty of Veterinary Science, The University of Melbourne, Melbourne, Victoria 3010, Australia
| | - Aaron R Jex
- Faculty of Veterinary Science, The University of Melbourne, Melbourne, Victoria 3010, Australia
| | - Ross S Hall
- Faculty of Veterinary Science, The University of Melbourne, Melbourne, Victoria 3010, Australia
| | | | - Worasak Kaewkong
- Liver Fluke and Cholangiocarcinoma Research Center, Department of Biochemistry, Faculty of Medicine, Khon Kaen University, Khon Kaen 40002, Thailand
| | - Denis Bertrand
- Genome Institute of Singapore, 60 Biopolis Street, Singapore 138672, Republic of Singapore
| | - Song Gao
- NUS Graduate School for Integrative Sciences and Engineering, National University of Singapore, Singapore 138672, Republic of Singapore
| | - Qihui Seet
- Genome Institute of Singapore, 60 Biopolis Street, Singapore 138672, Republic of Singapore
| | - Sopit Wongkham
- Liver Fluke and Cholangiocarcinoma Research Center, Department of Biochemistry, Faculty of Medicine, Khon Kaen University, Khon Kaen 40002, Thailand
| | - Bin Tean Teh
- Cancer and Stem Cell Biology, Duke-NUS Graduate Medical School, Singapore 138672, Republic of Singapore
| | - Chaisiri Wongkham
- Liver Fluke and Cholangiocarcinoma Research Center, Department of Biochemistry, Faculty of Medicine, Khon Kaen University, Khon Kaen 40002, Thailand
| | - Pewpan Maleewong Intapan
- Research and Diagnostic Center for Emerging Infectious Diseases, Department of Parasitology, Faculty of Medicine, Khon Kaen University, Khon Kaen 40002, Thailand
| | - Wanchai Maleewong
- Research and Diagnostic Center for Emerging Infectious Diseases, Department of Parasitology, Faculty of Medicine, Khon Kaen University, Khon Kaen 40002, Thailand
| | | | | | | | - Andreas Hofmann
- 1] Faculty of Veterinary Science, The University of Melbourne, Melbourne, Victoria 3010, Australia [2] Structural Chemistry Program, Eskitis Institute, Griffith University, Brisbane, Queensland 4111, Australia
| | - Paul W Sternberg
- Division of Biology, HHMI, California Institute of Technology, Pasadena, California 91125, USA
| | - Patrick Tan
- 1] Genome Institute of Singapore, 60 Biopolis Street, Singapore 138672, Republic of Singapore [2] Cancer and Stem Cell Biology, Duke-NUS Graduate Medical School, Singapore 138672, Republic of Singapore
| | - Jun Wang
- 1] [2] Department of Biology, University of Copenhagen, Copenhagen 2200, Denmark [3] Princess Al Jawhara Center of Excellence in the Research of Hereditary Disorders, King Abdulaziz University, Jeddah 21589, Saudi Arabia [4] Macau University of Science and Technology, Avenida Wai long, Taipa, Macau 999078, China
| | - Robin B Gasser
- Faculty of Veterinary Science, The University of Melbourne, Melbourne, Victoria 3010, Australia
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291
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Honeycutt J, Hammam O, Fu CL, Hsieh MH. Controversies and challenges in research on urogenital schistosomiasis-associated bladder cancer. Trends Parasitol 2014; 30:324-32. [PMID: 24913983 PMCID: PMC4085545 DOI: 10.1016/j.pt.2014.05.004] [Citation(s) in RCA: 53] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/11/2014] [Revised: 05/10/2014] [Accepted: 05/12/2014] [Indexed: 12/30/2022]
Abstract
Urogenital schistosomiasis, infection with Schistosoma haematobium, is linked to increased risk for the development of bladder cancer, but the importance of various mechanisms responsible for this association remains unclear, in part, owing to lack of sufficient and appropriate animal models. New advances in the study of this parasite, bladder regenerative processes, and human schistosomal bladder cancers may shed new light on the complex biological processes that connect S. haematobium infection to bladder carcinogenesis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jared Honeycutt
- Stanford Immunology Program and Department of Urology, Stanford University School of Medicine, Stanford, CA, USA
| | - Olfat Hammam
- Department of Pathology, Theodor Bilharz Research Institute, Giza, Egypt
| | - Chi-Ling Fu
- Stanford Immunology Program and Department of Urology, Stanford University School of Medicine, Stanford, CA, USA
| | - Michael H Hsieh
- Stanford Immunology Program and Department of Urology, Stanford University School of Medicine, Stanford, CA, USA.
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292
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Aneknan P, Kukongviriyapan V, Prawan A, Kongpetch S, Sripa B, Senggunprai L. Luteolin Arrests Cell Cycling, Induces Apoptosis and Inhibits the JAK/STAT3 Pathway in Human Cholangiocarcinoma Cells. Asian Pac J Cancer Prev 2014; 15:5071-6. [DOI: 10.7314/apjcp.2014.15.12.5071] [Citation(s) in RCA: 41] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/10/2022] Open
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293
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Yoon HJ, Ki M, Eom K, Yong TS, Chai JY, Min DY, Rim HJ, Sohn WM, Insisiengmay B, Phommasack B. Risk factors for Opisthorchis viverrini and minute intestinal fluke infections in Lao PDR, 2009-2011. Am J Trop Med Hyg 2014; 91:384-8. [PMID: 24980495 DOI: 10.4269/ajtmh.13-0596] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/10/2023] Open
Abstract
The purpose of this report is to compare the prevalence of Opisthorchis viverrini/minute intestinal fluke (Ov/MIF) in Lao People's Democratic Republic according to different regions and evaluate the effect of ingestion of raw freshwater fish on the infection. Demographic data, behavioral data, and symptoms were obtained, and the Kato-Katz method was used for the diagnosis of Ov/MIF. In total, 3,046 individuals were enrolled. The risk factors associated with acquisition of Ov/MIF were raw fish consumption and province. Khong Island showed the highest prevalence (odds ratio = 80.1, 95% confidence interval = 47.9-133.9, P < 0.001) compared with other districts, and raw fish consumption was related to Ov/MIF infection. Administration of praziquantel to entire populations, education (avoiding consumption of raw food dishes and improved hygiene), and access to clean water and sanitation should be considered.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hee Jung Yoon
- Department of Infectious Diseases, College of Medicine, Eulji University, Daejeon, Korea; Department of Cancer Control and Policy, Graduate School of Cancer Science and Policy, National Cancer Center, Goyang, Korea; Department of Parasitology and Medical Research Institute, School of Medicine, Chungbuk National University, Cheongju, Korea; Department of Environmental Medical Biology and Institute of Tropical Medicine, Yonsei University College of Medicine, Seoul, Korea; Department of Parasitology and Tropical Medicine, Seoul National University College of Medicine, Seoul, Korea; Department of Microbiology, College of Medicine, Eulji University, Daejeon, Korea; Department of Parasitology, Korea University School of Medicine, Seoul, Korea; Department of Parasitology and Institute of Health Sciences, Gyeongsang National University, School of Medicine, Jinju, Korea; Department of Communicable Disease Control, Ministry of Health, Vientiane, Lao PDR
| | - Moran Ki
- Department of Infectious Diseases, College of Medicine, Eulji University, Daejeon, Korea; Department of Cancer Control and Policy, Graduate School of Cancer Science and Policy, National Cancer Center, Goyang, Korea; Department of Parasitology and Medical Research Institute, School of Medicine, Chungbuk National University, Cheongju, Korea; Department of Environmental Medical Biology and Institute of Tropical Medicine, Yonsei University College of Medicine, Seoul, Korea; Department of Parasitology and Tropical Medicine, Seoul National University College of Medicine, Seoul, Korea; Department of Microbiology, College of Medicine, Eulji University, Daejeon, Korea; Department of Parasitology, Korea University School of Medicine, Seoul, Korea; Department of Parasitology and Institute of Health Sciences, Gyeongsang National University, School of Medicine, Jinju, Korea; Department of Communicable Disease Control, Ministry of Health, Vientiane, Lao PDR
| | - Keeseon Eom
- Department of Infectious Diseases, College of Medicine, Eulji University, Daejeon, Korea; Department of Cancer Control and Policy, Graduate School of Cancer Science and Policy, National Cancer Center, Goyang, Korea; Department of Parasitology and Medical Research Institute, School of Medicine, Chungbuk National University, Cheongju, Korea; Department of Environmental Medical Biology and Institute of Tropical Medicine, Yonsei University College of Medicine, Seoul, Korea; Department of Parasitology and Tropical Medicine, Seoul National University College of Medicine, Seoul, Korea; Department of Microbiology, College of Medicine, Eulji University, Daejeon, Korea; Department of Parasitology, Korea University School of Medicine, Seoul, Korea; Department of Parasitology and Institute of Health Sciences, Gyeongsang National University, School of Medicine, Jinju, Korea; Department of Communicable Disease Control, Ministry of Health, Vientiane, Lao PDR
| | - Tai-Soon Yong
- Department of Infectious Diseases, College of Medicine, Eulji University, Daejeon, Korea; Department of Cancer Control and Policy, Graduate School of Cancer Science and Policy, National Cancer Center, Goyang, Korea; Department of Parasitology and Medical Research Institute, School of Medicine, Chungbuk National University, Cheongju, Korea; Department of Environmental Medical Biology and Institute of Tropical Medicine, Yonsei University College of Medicine, Seoul, Korea; Department of Parasitology and Tropical Medicine, Seoul National University College of Medicine, Seoul, Korea; Department of Microbiology, College of Medicine, Eulji University, Daejeon, Korea; Department of Parasitology, Korea University School of Medicine, Seoul, Korea; Department of Parasitology and Institute of Health Sciences, Gyeongsang National University, School of Medicine, Jinju, Korea; Department of Communicable Disease Control, Ministry of Health, Vientiane, Lao PDR
| | - Jong-Yil Chai
- Department of Infectious Diseases, College of Medicine, Eulji University, Daejeon, Korea; Department of Cancer Control and Policy, Graduate School of Cancer Science and Policy, National Cancer Center, Goyang, Korea; Department of Parasitology and Medical Research Institute, School of Medicine, Chungbuk National University, Cheongju, Korea; Department of Environmental Medical Biology and Institute of Tropical Medicine, Yonsei University College of Medicine, Seoul, Korea; Department of Parasitology and Tropical Medicine, Seoul National University College of Medicine, Seoul, Korea; Department of Microbiology, College of Medicine, Eulji University, Daejeon, Korea; Department of Parasitology, Korea University School of Medicine, Seoul, Korea; Department of Parasitology and Institute of Health Sciences, Gyeongsang National University, School of Medicine, Jinju, Korea; Department of Communicable Disease Control, Ministry of Health, Vientiane, Lao PDR
| | - Duk-Young Min
- Department of Infectious Diseases, College of Medicine, Eulji University, Daejeon, Korea; Department of Cancer Control and Policy, Graduate School of Cancer Science and Policy, National Cancer Center, Goyang, Korea; Department of Parasitology and Medical Research Institute, School of Medicine, Chungbuk National University, Cheongju, Korea; Department of Environmental Medical Biology and Institute of Tropical Medicine, Yonsei University College of Medicine, Seoul, Korea; Department of Parasitology and Tropical Medicine, Seoul National University College of Medicine, Seoul, Korea; Department of Microbiology, College of Medicine, Eulji University, Daejeon, Korea; Department of Parasitology, Korea University School of Medicine, Seoul, Korea; Department of Parasitology and Institute of Health Sciences, Gyeongsang National University, School of Medicine, Jinju, Korea; Department of Communicable Disease Control, Ministry of Health, Vientiane, Lao PDR
| | - Han-Jong Rim
- Department of Infectious Diseases, College of Medicine, Eulji University, Daejeon, Korea; Department of Cancer Control and Policy, Graduate School of Cancer Science and Policy, National Cancer Center, Goyang, Korea; Department of Parasitology and Medical Research Institute, School of Medicine, Chungbuk National University, Cheongju, Korea; Department of Environmental Medical Biology and Institute of Tropical Medicine, Yonsei University College of Medicine, Seoul, Korea; Department of Parasitology and Tropical Medicine, Seoul National University College of Medicine, Seoul, Korea; Department of Microbiology, College of Medicine, Eulji University, Daejeon, Korea; Department of Parasitology, Korea University School of Medicine, Seoul, Korea; Department of Parasitology and Institute of Health Sciences, Gyeongsang National University, School of Medicine, Jinju, Korea; Department of Communicable Disease Control, Ministry of Health, Vientiane, Lao PDR
| | - Woon-Mok Sohn
- Department of Infectious Diseases, College of Medicine, Eulji University, Daejeon, Korea; Department of Cancer Control and Policy, Graduate School of Cancer Science and Policy, National Cancer Center, Goyang, Korea; Department of Parasitology and Medical Research Institute, School of Medicine, Chungbuk National University, Cheongju, Korea; Department of Environmental Medical Biology and Institute of Tropical Medicine, Yonsei University College of Medicine, Seoul, Korea; Department of Parasitology and Tropical Medicine, Seoul National University College of Medicine, Seoul, Korea; Department of Microbiology, College of Medicine, Eulji University, Daejeon, Korea; Department of Parasitology, Korea University School of Medicine, Seoul, Korea; Department of Parasitology and Institute of Health Sciences, Gyeongsang National University, School of Medicine, Jinju, Korea; Department of Communicable Disease Control, Ministry of Health, Vientiane, Lao PDR
| | - Bounnaloth Insisiengmay
- Department of Infectious Diseases, College of Medicine, Eulji University, Daejeon, Korea; Department of Cancer Control and Policy, Graduate School of Cancer Science and Policy, National Cancer Center, Goyang, Korea; Department of Parasitology and Medical Research Institute, School of Medicine, Chungbuk National University, Cheongju, Korea; Department of Environmental Medical Biology and Institute of Tropical Medicine, Yonsei University College of Medicine, Seoul, Korea; Department of Parasitology and Tropical Medicine, Seoul National University College of Medicine, Seoul, Korea; Department of Microbiology, College of Medicine, Eulji University, Daejeon, Korea; Department of Parasitology, Korea University School of Medicine, Seoul, Korea; Department of Parasitology and Institute of Health Sciences, Gyeongsang National University, School of Medicine, Jinju, Korea; Department of Communicable Disease Control, Ministry of Health, Vientiane, Lao PDR
| | - Bounlay Phommasack
- Department of Infectious Diseases, College of Medicine, Eulji University, Daejeon, Korea; Department of Cancer Control and Policy, Graduate School of Cancer Science and Policy, National Cancer Center, Goyang, Korea; Department of Parasitology and Medical Research Institute, School of Medicine, Chungbuk National University, Cheongju, Korea; Department of Environmental Medical Biology and Institute of Tropical Medicine, Yonsei University College of Medicine, Seoul, Korea; Department of Parasitology and Tropical Medicine, Seoul National University College of Medicine, Seoul, Korea; Department of Microbiology, College of Medicine, Eulji University, Daejeon, Korea; Department of Parasitology, Korea University School of Medicine, Seoul, Korea; Department of Parasitology and Institute of Health Sciences, Gyeongsang National University, School of Medicine, Jinju, Korea; Department of Communicable Disease Control, Ministry of Health, Vientiane, Lao PDR
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Milk fat globule epidermal growth factor 8 serves a novel biomarker of opisthorchiasis-associated cholangiocarcinoma. Tumour Biol 2014; 35:1985-95. [PMID: 24122204 DOI: 10.1007/s13277-013-1264-3] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/01/2013] [Accepted: 09/25/2013] [Indexed: 01/06/2023] Open
Abstract
Milk fat globule epidermal growth factor 8 (MFG-E8) is a pleiotropic secreted glycoprotein to play roles in mediating immune tolerance and homeostasis maintenance and enhancing angiogenesis. To evaluate its value as a biomarker in opisthorchiasis-associated cholangiocarcinoma (CCA), the present study investigated MFG-E8 expression kinetics during the tumorigenesis in Opisthorchis viverrini infection-induced CCA, and demonstrated its expression in the tumor tissues of CCA patients and its serum level among them. During the tumorigenesis of CCA, MFG-E8 expression was increased in a time-dependent manner with the pathological processes. Absolutely higher expression of MFG-E8 messenger RNA was detected in the tumor tissues from CCA patients, compared with those in adjacent tissues. Immunobiochemical analysis showed that more than 90% CCA cases were positive and the positive reaction located in the membrane and cytoplasm of the tumor cells. Moreover, the average serum level in the CCA patients was significantly higher than that in healthy individuals and those with O. viverrini infection or other parasitosis. Correlation analysis of MFG-E8 expression with CCA clinicopathology revealed that a high expression of MFG-E8 protein was significantly bound with a poor differentiation, pathological advanced stage, and metastasis of CCA. The multivariation analysis indicated that MFG-E8 was an independent prognostic factor. In addition, short hairpin RNA-mediated MFG-E8 knockdown in CCA cell line obviously suppressed the cell proliferation. Our results strongly suggested that MFG-E8 is a promising biomarker for the diagnosis, prognosis, and therapy target of opisthorchiasis-associated CCA.
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295
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Thanasuwan S, Piratae S, Brindley PJ, Loukas A, Kaewkes S, Laha T. Suppression of aquaporin, a mediator of water channel control in the carcinogenic liver fluke, Opisthorchis viverrini. Parasit Vectors 2014; 7:224. [PMID: 24885060 PMCID: PMC4033688 DOI: 10.1186/1756-3305-7-224] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/18/2014] [Accepted: 05/09/2014] [Indexed: 11/10/2022] Open
Abstract
Background Opisthorchiasis and Opisthorchis viverrini-associated bile duct cancer represent major public health threats in Thailand and Laos. The tegument of this food borne fluke plays pivotal roles in parasite metabolism, homeostasis and osmoregulation. Excretory/secretory products also pass from the fluke to the biliary environment, products that likely underlie pathogenesis of liver fluke infection. Aquaporins (AQPs), belong to the major intrinsic protein superfamily of integral plasma membrane channel proteins that selectively transport water across cell membranes. AQPs play key roles as water and ion transport channels through the tegument of helminth parasites. Methods Here, two forms of AQP mRNAs from the adult developmental stage of O. viverrini, termed O. viverrini aquaporin-1 and -2 (Ov-aqp-1 and -2) were investigated. Roles of Ov-aqp-1 and -2 in the movement of water across the tegument of this carcinogenic liver fluke were investigated using RNA interference. Results Ov-AQP-1 and Ov-AQP-2 contain unique characteristic asparagine-proline-alanine (NPA) motifs of AQP transmembrane proteins. Phylogenetic analysis indicated that Ov-AQPs belong to an expanding group of aquaglyceroporin-like water channel proteins characterized from helminth and protozoan parasites, which is pivotal to the specialized requirements of water and solute control during parasitism. Elevated transcription of Ov-aqp-1 was evident in the egg, cercaria, metacercaria and adult stages of O. viverrini, whereas Ov-aqp-2 transcripts were detected at higher level in egg, metacercaria, cercaria and adult stage, respectively. RNA interference using electroporated dsRNA suppressed transcript levels of Ov-aqp-1 and Ov-aqp-2 in adult worms by 58-99% over periods of up to 16 days in vitro. Suppression of Ov-aqp-1 and Ov-aqp-2 in vitro disabled water transport in adult flukes. Conclusion The apparently pivotal roles of Ov-AQP in solute homeostasis at the fluke surface suggest that deeper investigation will be informative for the pathophysiology of O. viverrini, and may uncover intervention targets, particularly in view of the singularly notable predilection of this pathogen for residence within ducts of the biliary tree.
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Affiliation(s)
| | | | | | | | | | - Thewarach Laha
- Department of Parasitology, Faculty of Medicine, Khon Kaen University, Khon Kaen 40002, Thailand.
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296
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Zhang GW, Lin JH, Qian JP, Zhou J. Identification of risk and prognostic factors for patients with clonorchiasis-associated intrahepatic cholangiocarcinoma. Ann Surg Oncol 2014; 21:3628-37. [PMID: 24781504 DOI: 10.1245/s10434-014-3710-x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 19] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/11/2014] [Indexed: 12/28/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Intrahepatic cholangiocarcinoma caused by clonorchiasis (CICC) has a poor prognosis, and there have been insufficient studies regarding risk and prognostic factors. We aimed to identify CICC-associated factors. METHODS A retrospective analysis of 127 eligible patients with CICC was performed with 254 clonorchiasis cases used as matched controls to identify risk factors for CICC. The main outcomes analyzed included overall survival (OS) and disease-free survival (DFS). RESULTS Out of 127 surgeries, R0 resection was performed in 61 patients, R1 in 32 patients, and R2 in 22 patients; nonresection surgery was performed in 12 patients. Median OS for the entire cohort was 29.5 months. Median OS and DFS for 61 patients with R0 resection were 52.4 months and 41.5 months, respectively. We found independent risk factors for CICC were duration of raw fish consumption of ≥28 years (p < 0.001) and hepatitis B virus infection (p = 0.040). R0 resection (p < 0.001), well or moderately differentiated tumor (p = 0.019), and stage I to II tumor (p < 0.001) predicted improved OS for CICC. Serum carcinoembryonic antigen level of ≤5 ng/ml (p = 0.029) and stage I to II tumor (p < 0.001) predicted improved DFS. CONCLUSIONS Duration of raw fish consumption ≥28 years and hepatitis B virus infection were significant risk factors for CICC in patients with clonorchiasis. For patients with CICC, curative resection is an effective treatment. Higher tumor differentiation and earlier American Joint Committee on Cancer stage predicted good prognosis. Serum carcinoembryonic antigen level was found to predict the possibility of recurrence after curative resection.
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Affiliation(s)
- Guo-Wei Zhang
- Department of Hepatobiliary Surgery, Nanfang Hospital, Southern Medical University, Guangzhou, People's Republic of China,
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297
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Miyamoto K, Kirinoki M, Matsuda H, Hayashi N, Chigusa Y, Sinuon M, Chuor CM, Kitikoon V. Field survey focused on Opisthorchis viverrini infection in five provinces of Cambodia. Parasitol Int 2014; 63:366-73. [DOI: 10.1016/j.parint.2013.12.003] [Citation(s) in RCA: 23] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/19/2012] [Revised: 11/27/2013] [Accepted: 12/05/2013] [Indexed: 01/23/2023]
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298
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Pseudotyped murine leukemia virus for schistosome transgenesis: approaches, methods and perspectives. Transgenic Res 2014; 23:539-56. [DOI: 10.1007/s11248-013-9779-3] [Citation(s) in RCA: 26] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/11/2013] [Accepted: 12/19/2013] [Indexed: 10/25/2022]
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299
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Yongvanit P, Pinlaor S, Loilome W. Risk biomarkers for assessment and chemoprevention of liver fluke-associated cholangiocarcinoma. JOURNAL OF HEPATO-BILIARY-PANCREATIC SCIENCES 2014; 21:309-15. [DOI: 10.1002/jhbp.63] [Citation(s) in RCA: 26] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/25/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Puangrat Yongvanit
- Department of Biochemistry, Faculty of Medicine; Khon Kaen University; 123 Mitraparb Road Khon Kaen 40002 Thailand
- Liver Fluke and Cholangiocarcinoma Research Center; Faculty of Medicine; Khon Kaen University; Khon Kaen Thailand
| | - Somchai Pinlaor
- Department of Parasitology, Faculty of Medicine; Khon Kaen University; Khon Kaen Thailand
- Liver Fluke and Cholangiocarcinoma Research Center; Faculty of Medicine; Khon Kaen University; Khon Kaen Thailand
| | - Watcharin Loilome
- Department of Biochemistry, Faculty of Medicine; Khon Kaen University; 123 Mitraparb Road Khon Kaen 40002 Thailand
- Liver Fluke and Cholangiocarcinoma Research Center; Faculty of Medicine; Khon Kaen University; Khon Kaen Thailand
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300
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Vaeteewoottacharn K, Seubwai W, Bhudhisawasdi V, Okada S, Wongkham S. Potential targeted therapy for liver fluke associated cholangiocarcinoma. JOURNAL OF HEPATO-BILIARY-PANCREATIC SCIENCES 2014; 21:362-70. [PMID: 24408866 DOI: 10.1002/jhbp.65] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/06/2023]
Abstract
Biliary tree cancer or cholangiocarcinoma (CCA) is an unusual subtype of liver cancer with exceptionally poor prognosis. Lack of specific symptoms and availability of early diagnostic markers account for late diagnosis of CCA. Surgical treatment is a gold standard choice but few patients are candidates and local recurrence after surgery is high. Benefit of systemic chemotherapy is limited; hence, better treatment options are required. The differences in etiology, anatomical positions and pathology make it difficult to generalize all CCA subtypes for a single treatment regimen. Herein, we review the uniqueness of molecular profiling identified by multiple approaches, for example, serial analysis of gene expression, exome sequencing, transcriptomics/proteomics profiles, protein kinase profile, etc., that provide the opportunity for treatment of liver fluke-associated CCA. Anti-inflammatory, immunomodulator/immunosuppressor, epidermal growth factor receptor or platelet-derived growth factor receptor inhibitors, multi-targeted tyrosine kinase inhibitor, IL6 antagonist, nuclear factor-κB inhibitor, histone modulator, proteasome inhibitor as well as specific inhibitors suggested from various study approaches, such as MetAP2 inhibitor, 1,25(OH)2 D3 and cyclosporine A are suggested in this review for the treatments of this specific CCA subtype. This might provide an alternative treatment option for CCA patients; however, clinical trials in this specific CCA group are required.
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Affiliation(s)
- Kulthida Vaeteewoottacharn
- Department of Biochemistry, Faculty of Medicine, Khon Kaen University, 123 Mitraparb Road, Khon Kaen, 40002, Thailand; Liver Fluke and Cholangiocarcinoma Research Center, Faculty of Medicine, Khon Kaen University, Khon Kaen, Thailand; Division of Hematopoiesis, Center for AIDS Research, Kumamoto University, Kumamoto, Japan
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