251
|
Schlenker JC, Martin ST. Crystallization Pathways of Sulfate−Nitrate−Ammonium Aerosol Particles. J Phys Chem A 2005; 109:9980-5. [PMID: 16838915 DOI: 10.1021/jp052973x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 35] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/02/2023]
Abstract
Crystallization experiments are conducted for aerosol particles composed of aqueous mixtures of (NH(4))(2)SO(4)(aq) and NH(4)NO(3)(aq), (NH(4))(2)SO(4)(aq) and NH(4)HSO(4)(aq), and NH(4)NO(3)(aq) and NH(4)HSO(4)(aq). Depending on the aqueous composition, crystals of (NH(4))(2)SO(4)(s), (NH(4))(3)H(SO(4))(2)(s), NH(4)HSO(4)(s), NH(4)NO(3)(s), 2NH(4)NO(3) x (NH(4))(2)SO(4)(s), and 3NH(4)NO(3) x (NH(4))(2)SO(4)(s) are formed. Although particles of NH(4)NO(3)(aq) and NH(4)HSO(4)(aq) do not crystallize even at 1% relative humidity, additions of 0.05 mol fraction SO(4)(2-)(aq) or NO(3)(-)(aq) ions promote crystallization, respectively. 2NH(4)NO(3) x (NH(4))(2)SO(4)(s) and (NH(4))(3)H(SO(4))(2)(s) appear to serve as good heterogeneous nuclei for NH(4)NO(3)(s) and NH(4)HSO(4)(s), respectively. 2NH(4)NO(3) x (NH(4))(2)SO(4)(s) crystallizes over a greater range of aqueous compositions than 3NH(4)NO(3) x (NH(4))(2)SO(4)(s). An infrared aerosol spectrum is provided for each solid based upon a linear decomposition analysis of the recorded spectra. Small nonzero residuals occur in the analysis because aerosol spectra depend on particle morphology, which changes slightly across the range of compositions studied. In addition, several of the mixed compositions crystallize with residual aqueous water of up to 5% particle mass. We attribute this water content to enclosed water pockets. The results provide further insights into the nonlinear crystallization pathways of sulfate-nitrate-ammonium aerosol particles.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Julie C Schlenker
- Division of Engineering and Applied Sciences, Harvard University, Cambridge, Massachusetts 02138, USA
| | | |
Collapse
|
252
|
Sullivan RC, Prather KA. Recent Advances in Our Understanding of Atmospheric Chemistry and Climate Made Possible by On-Line Aerosol Analysis Instrumentation. Anal Chem 2005; 77:3861-85. [PMID: 15952760 DOI: 10.1021/ac050716i] [Citation(s) in RCA: 147] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/18/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Ryan C Sullivan
- Department of Chemistry & Biochemistry and Scripps Institution of Oceanography, University of California, San Diego, La Jolla, California 92093-0314, USA
| | | |
Collapse
|
253
|
Ro CU, Hwang H, Kim H, Chun Y, Van Grieken R. Single-particle characterization of four "Asian Dust" samples collected in Korea, using low-Z particle electron probe X-ray microanalysis. ENVIRONMENTAL SCIENCE & TECHNOLOGY 2005; 39:1409-1419. [PMID: 15819192 DOI: 10.1021/es049772b] [Citation(s) in RCA: 18] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/24/2023]
Abstract
A single-particle analytical technique, named low-Z particle electron probe X-ray microanalysis (low-Z particle EPMA), employing an ultrathin window X-ray detector and enabling the quantitative determination of even low-Z elements such as C, N, and O, is applied to characterize "Asian Dust" samples, collected in ChunCheon, Korea, during four Asian Dust storm events on March 7, 2000, April 7, 2000, March 22, 2001, and May 17, 2001. In this study, it is demonstrated that single-particle analysis using the low-Z particle EPMA provides detailed information on various types of chemical species in the samples. The most abundantly encountered particles, both in coarse and fine fractions, are aluminosilicates. The relative abundances of those particles on the basis of their size are different between the four Asian Dust samples. The sample collected on March 7, 2000 did not experience any chemical modification during its transport because the sample does not contain particles of chemical species that result from atmospheric reactions. The sample collected on April 7, 2000 contains both genuine and reacted sea-salt particles. The genuine sea-salts are in the form of a mixture of NaCl and MgCl2 entrained during their passage over the Yellow Sea. The reacted sea-salts particles are encountered very much in fine fraction. The sample collected on March 22, 2001 shows somewhat significant chemical modification both for CaCO3 and sea-salts particles. For this sample, a significant number of reacted CaCO3 and sea-salt particles, such as those containing nitrate and/or sulfate, are encountered, implying that CaCO3 and sea-salts particles have reacted with sulfur or nitrogen oxide species during their long-range transport. The sample collected on May 17, 2001 experienced the most extensive chemical modification during its transport. In addition to the observation of the extensively reacted CaCO3 and sea-salt particles, reacted K2CO3 particles are also extensively encountered in this sample, which implies that K2CO3 species should be regarded as an additional important chemical species in the study of the chemical modification of Asian Dust particles during long-range transport.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Chul-Un Ro
- Department of Chemistry, Inha University, Incheon, 402-751, Korea.
| | | | | | | | | |
Collapse
|
254
|
Choi MY, Chan CK. Investigation of Efflorescence of Inorganic Aerosols Using Fluorescence Spectroscopy. J Phys Chem A 2005; 109:1042-8. [PMID: 16833412 DOI: 10.1021/jp048103h] [Citation(s) in RCA: 24] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/30/2022]
Abstract
The phase transition is one of the most fundamental phenomena affecting the physical and chemical properties of atmospheric aerosols. Efflorescence, in particular, is not well understood, partly because the molecular interactions between the solute and water molecules of saturated or supersaturated solution droplets have not been well characterized. Recently, we developed a technique that combines the use of an electrodynamic balance and a fluorescence dye, 8-hydroxyl-1,3,6-pyrenetrisulfonate (pyranine), to study the distributions of solvated and free water in aqueous droplets (Choi, M. Y.; Chan, C. K.; Zhang, Y. H. J. Phys. Chem. A 2004, 108, 1133). We found that the equality of the amounts of solvated and free water is a necessary but not sufficient condition for efflorescence. For efflorescing compounds such as Na2SO4, (NH4)2SO4, and a mixture of NaCl and Na2SO4, the amount of free water decreases, while that of solvated water is roughly constant in bulk measurements and decreases less dramatically than that of free water in single-particle measurements as the relative humidity (RH) decreases. Efflorescence of the supersaturated droplets of these solutions occurs when the amounts of free and solvated water are equal, which is consistent with our previous observation for NaCl. For nonefflorescing compounds in single-particle levitation experiments such as MgSO4 and Mg(NO3)2, the amounts of free and solvated water are equal at a water-to-solute molar ratio of about 6, at which spectral changes due to the formation of contact ion pairs between magnesium and the anions occur as shown by Raman spectroscopy. Fluorescence imaging shows that the droplets of diluted Mg(NO3)2 (at 80% RH) and MgSO4 are homogeneous but those of NaCl, Na2SO4, (NH4)2SO4, and supersaturated Mg(NO3)2 (at 10% RH) are heterogeneous in terms of the solvated-to-free water distribution. The solvated-to-free water ratios in NaCl, Na2SO4, and (NH4)2SO4 droplets are higher in the outer regions by about half a radius deep than at the center of the droplets.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Man Yee Choi
- Department of Chemical Engineering, Hong Kong University of Science and Technology, Clear Water Bay, Kowloon, Hong Kong, China
| | | |
Collapse
|
255
|
Zhao LJ, Zhang YH, Wang LY, Hu YA, Ding F. FTIR spectroscopic investigations of supersaturated NaClO4 aerosols. Phys Chem Chem Phys 2005; 7:2723-30. [PMID: 16189586 DOI: 10.1039/b505605e] [Citation(s) in RCA: 20] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/21/2022]
Abstract
Supersaturated NaClO4 aerosols have been studied using a Fourier transform infrared (FTIR) spectrometer coupled with an aerosol flow tube (AFT). Compared with previous Raman results, the water O-H stretching envelope in the supersaturated solutions of NaClO4 aerosols was more structured in response to changing RH, revealing at the same time the existence of water monomers weakly hydrogen-bonded with ClO4- at extremely high concentrations. Due to enhanced ion interactions in the supersaturated solutions of NaClO4 aerosols, the formation of contact ion pairs (CIPs) could be observed without component decomposition for the nondegenerate nu1 band of ClO4-, and the degenerate nu3 band of ClO4- was successfully related to the formation of CIPs in NaClO4 solutions. Based on these observations, a new mechanism featured by the attack of ClO4- upon hydrated Na+ for CIPs formation in the supersaturated solutions of NaClO4 aerosols was further proposed. The anhydrous NaClO4, characterized by the upper limit deliquescence relative humidity (DRH) of approximately 43% and the disappearance of the nu1 band of ClO4- in the infrared spectra, was observed to form on the silicon windows at low RHs.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Li-Jun Zhao
- The Institute for Chemical Physics, Beijing Institute of Technology, Beijing, 1000081, P. R. China
| | | | | | | | | |
Collapse
|
256
|
Hwang H, Ro CU. Single-particle characterization of four aerosol samples collected in ChunCheon, Korea, during Asian dust storm events in 2002. ACTA ACUST UNITED AC 2005. [DOI: 10.1029/2005jd006050] [Citation(s) in RCA: 24] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/09/2022]
|
257
|
Santarpia JL. Diurnal variations in the hygroscopic growth cycles of ambient aerosol populations. ACTA ACUST UNITED AC 2005. [DOI: 10.1029/2004jd005279] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/09/2022]
|
258
|
Thornton J. Measurements of HO2uptake to aqueous aerosol: Mass accommodation coefficients and net reactive loss. ACTA ACUST UNITED AC 2005. [DOI: 10.1029/2004jd005402] [Citation(s) in RCA: 51] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/09/2022]
|
259
|
Kelly JT. Thermodynamics of carbonates and hydrates related to heterogeneous reactions involving mineral aerosol. ACTA ACUST UNITED AC 2005. [DOI: 10.1029/2004jd005583] [Citation(s) in RCA: 37] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/09/2022]
|
260
|
Parsons MT, Knopf DA, Bertram AK. Deliquescence and Crystallization of Ammonium Sulfate Particles Internally Mixed with Water-Soluble Organic Compounds. J Phys Chem A 2004. [DOI: 10.1021/jp0462862] [Citation(s) in RCA: 91] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/30/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Matthew T. Parsons
- Department of Chemistry, University of British Columbia, 2036 Main Mall, Vancouver, B.C., Canada V6T 1Z1
| | - Daniel A. Knopf
- Department of Chemistry, University of British Columbia, 2036 Main Mall, Vancouver, B.C., Canada V6T 1Z1
| | - Allan K. Bertram
- Department of Chemistry, University of British Columbia, 2036 Main Mall, Vancouver, B.C., Canada V6T 1Z1
| |
Collapse
|
261
|
Khvorostyanov VI, Curry JA. Thermodynamic Theory of Freezing and Melting of Water and Aqueous Solutions. J Phys Chem A 2004. [DOI: 10.1021/jp048099+] [Citation(s) in RCA: 36] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/30/2022]
|
262
|
Schlenker JC, Malinowski A, Martin ST, Hung HM, Rudich Y. Crystals Formed at 293 K by Aqueous Sulfate−Nitrate−Ammonium−Proton Aerosol Particles. J Phys Chem A 2004. [DOI: 10.1021/jp047836z] [Citation(s) in RCA: 41] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/28/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Julie C. Schlenker
- Division of Engineering and Applied Sciences, Harvard University, 29 Oxford Street, Pierce Hall, Room 122, Cambridge, Massachusetts 02138
| | - Adam Malinowski
- Division of Engineering and Applied Sciences, Harvard University, 29 Oxford Street, Pierce Hall, Room 122, Cambridge, Massachusetts 02138
| | - Scot T. Martin
- Division of Engineering and Applied Sciences, Harvard University, 29 Oxford Street, Pierce Hall, Room 122, Cambridge, Massachusetts 02138
| | - Hui-Ming Hung
- Division of Engineering and Applied Sciences, Harvard University, 29 Oxford Street, Pierce Hall, Room 122, Cambridge, Massachusetts 02138
| | - Yinon Rudich
- Division of Engineering and Applied Sciences, Harvard University, 29 Oxford Street, Pierce Hall, Room 122, Cambridge, Massachusetts 02138
| |
Collapse
|
263
|
Zhao L, Zhang Y, Wang L, Cheng H. FTIRin situ study of supersaturated solutions of MgSO4 and NaClO4 aerosols. CHINESE SCIENCE BULLETIN-CHINESE 2004. [DOI: 10.1007/bf03184301] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/30/2022]
|
264
|
Parsons MT, Mak J, Lipetz SR, Bertram AK. Deliquescence of malonic, succinic, glutaric, and adipic acid particles. ACTA ACUST UNITED AC 2004. [DOI: 10.1029/2003jd004075] [Citation(s) in RCA: 80] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/09/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Matthew T. Parsons
- Department of Chemistry; University of British Columbia; Vancouver, British Columbia Canada
| | - Jackson Mak
- Department of Chemistry; University of British Columbia; Vancouver, British Columbia Canada
| | - Sarah R. Lipetz
- Department of Chemistry; University of British Columbia; Vancouver, British Columbia Canada
| | - Allan K. Bertram
- Department of Chemistry; University of British Columbia; Vancouver, British Columbia Canada
| |
Collapse
|
265
|
Colberg CA, Krieger UK, Peter T. Morphological Investigations of Single Levitated H2SO4/NH3/H2O Aerosol Particles during Deliquescence/Efflorescence Experiments. J Phys Chem A 2004. [DOI: 10.1021/jp037628r] [Citation(s) in RCA: 75] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/29/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Christina A. Colberg
- Institute for Atmospheric and Climate Science, Swiss Federal Institute of Technology, Hönggerberg HPP, 8093 Zurich, Switzerland
| | - Ulrich K. Krieger
- Institute for Atmospheric and Climate Science, Swiss Federal Institute of Technology, Hönggerberg HPP, 8093 Zurich, Switzerland
| | - Thomas Peter
- Institute for Atmospheric and Climate Science, Swiss Federal Institute of Technology, Hönggerberg HPP, 8093 Zurich, Switzerland
| |
Collapse
|
266
|
Yoo KY, He J, Amundson NR. Canonical form and mathematical interpretation of electrolyte solution systems. KOREAN J CHEM ENG 2004. [DOI: 10.1007/bf02705413] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/28/2022]
|
267
|
Choi MY, Chan CK, Zhang YH. Application of Fluorescence Spectroscopy To Study the State of Water in Aerosols. J Phys Chem A 2004. [DOI: 10.1021/jp0355049] [Citation(s) in RCA: 21] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/30/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Man Yee Choi
- Department of Chemical Engineering, Hong Kong University of Science and Technology, Clear Water Bay, Kowloon, Hong Kong
| | - Chak K. Chan
- Department of Chemical Engineering, Hong Kong University of Science and Technology, Clear Water Bay, Kowloon, Hong Kong
| | - Yun-Hong Zhang
- Department of Chemical Engineering, Hong Kong University of Science and Technology, Clear Water Bay, Kowloon, Hong Kong
| |
Collapse
|
268
|
Santarpia JL. Direct measurement of the hydration state of ambient aerosol populations. ACTA ACUST UNITED AC 2004. [DOI: 10.1029/2004jd004653] [Citation(s) in RCA: 38] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/10/2022]
|
269
|
Hamza MA, Berge B, Mikosch W, Rühl E. Homogeneous nucleation of supersaturated KCl-solutions from single levitated microdroplets. Phys Chem Chem Phys 2004. [DOI: 10.1039/b401807a] [Citation(s) in RCA: 20] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/21/2022]
|
270
|
Wise ME. Ice nucleation in internally mixed ammonium sulfate/dicarboxylic acid particles. ACTA ACUST UNITED AC 2004. [DOI: 10.1029/2003jd004313] [Citation(s) in RCA: 17] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/09/2022]
|
271
|
DeMott PJ, Cziczo DJ, Prenni AJ, Murphy DM, Kreidenweis SM, Thomson DS, Borys R, Rogers DC. Measurements of the concentration and composition of nuclei for cirrus formation. Proc Natl Acad Sci U S A 2003; 100:14655-60. [PMID: 14657330 PMCID: PMC299754 DOI: 10.1073/pnas.2532677100] [Citation(s) in RCA: 448] [Impact Index Per Article: 21.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/18/2022] Open
Abstract
This article addresses the need for new data on indirect effects of natural and anthropogenic aerosol particles on atmospheric ice clouds. Simultaneous measurements of the concentration and composition of tropospheric aerosol particles capable of initiating ice in cold (cirrus) clouds are reported. Measurements support that cirrus formation occurs both by heterogeneous nucleation by insoluble particles and homogeneous (spontaneous) freezing of particles containing solutions. Heterogeneous ice nuclei concentrations in the cirrus regime depend on temperature, relative humidity, and the concentrations and physical and chemical properties of aerosol particles. The cirrus-active concentrations of heterogeneous nuclei measured in November over the western U.S. were <0.03 cm-3. Considering previous modeling studies, this result suggests a predominant potential impact of these nuclei on cirrus formed by slow, large-scale lifting or small cooling rates, including subvisual cirrus. The most common heterogeneous ice nuclei were identified as relatively pure mineral dusts and metallic particles, some of which may have origin through anthropogenic processes. Homogeneous freezing of large numbers of particles was detected above a critical relative humidity along with a simultaneous transition in nuclei composition toward that of the sulfate-dominated total aerosol population. The temperature and humidity conditions of the homogeneous nucleation transition were reasonably consistent with expectations based on previous theoretical and laboratory studies but were highly variable. The strong presence of certain organic pollutants was particularly noted to be associated with impedance of homogeneous freezing.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- P J DeMott
- Department of Atmospheric Science, Colorado State University, Fort Collins, CO 80523, USA.
| | | | | | | | | | | | | | | |
Collapse
|
272
|
Cohen RC, Murphy JG. Photochemistry of NO2 in Earth's Stratosphere: Constraints from Observations. Chem Rev 2003; 103:4985-98. [PMID: 14664640 DOI: 10.1021/cr020647x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 18] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/30/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Ronald C Cohen
- Department of Chemistry, University of California, Berkeley, CA 94720-1460, USA
| | | |
Collapse
|
273
|
Affiliation(s)
- Michel J Rossi
- Laboratoire de Pollution Atmosphérique et Sol (LPAS), Institut des Sciences et Techniques de l'Environnement (ISTE), Ecole Polytechnique Fédérale de Lausanne (EPFL), CH-1015 Lausanne, Switzerland
| |
Collapse
|
274
|
Affiliation(s)
- Courtney R Usher
- Department of Chemistry, and Center for Global and Regional Environmental Research, University of Iowa, Iowa City, IA 52242. USA
| | | | | |
Collapse
|
275
|
|
276
|
Al-Abadleh HA, Grassian VH. Phase Transitions in Magnesium Nitrate Thin Films: A Transmission FT-IR Study of the Deliquescence and Efflorescence of Nitric Acid Reacted Magnesium Oxide Interfaces. J Phys Chem B 2003. [DOI: 10.1021/jp0275692] [Citation(s) in RCA: 34] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/28/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Hind A. Al-Abadleh
- Departments of Chemistry and Chemical and Biochemical Engineering, University of Iowa, Iowa City, Iowa 52242
| | - V. H. Grassian
- Departments of Chemistry and Chemical and Biochemical Engineering, University of Iowa, Iowa City, Iowa 52242
| |
Collapse
|
277
|
Chuang PY. Measurement of the timescale of hygroscopic growth for atmospheric aerosols. ACTA ACUST UNITED AC 2003. [DOI: 10.1029/2002jd002757] [Citation(s) in RCA: 73] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/10/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Patrick Y. Chuang
- Advanced Study Program and Mesoscale and Microscale Meteorology Division; National Center for Atmospheric Research; Boulder Colorado USA
| |
Collapse
|
278
|
Hung HM, Malinowski A, Martin ST. Kinetics of Heterogeneous Ice Nucleation on the Surfaces of Mineral Dust Cores Inserted into Aqueous Ammonium Sulfate Particles. J Phys Chem A 2003. [DOI: 10.1021/jp021593y] [Citation(s) in RCA: 81] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/30/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Hui-Ming Hung
- Division of Engineering and Applied Sciences, 29 Oxford Street, Pierce Hall, Room 122, Harvard University, Cambridge, Massachusetts 02138
| | - Adam Malinowski
- Division of Engineering and Applied Sciences, 29 Oxford Street, Pierce Hall, Room 122, Harvard University, Cambridge, Massachusetts 02138
| | - Scot T. Martin
- Division of Engineering and Applied Sciences, 29 Oxford Street, Pierce Hall, Room 122, Harvard University, Cambridge, Massachusetts 02138
| |
Collapse
|
279
|
Martin RV, Jacob DJ, Yantosca RM, Chin M, Ginoux P. Global and regional decreases in tropospheric oxidants from photochemical effects of aerosols. ACTA ACUST UNITED AC 2003. [DOI: 10.1029/2002jd002622] [Citation(s) in RCA: 396] [Impact Index Per Article: 18.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/09/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Randall V. Martin
- Division of Engineering and Applied Sciences, and Department of Earth and Planetary Sciences; Harvard University; Cambridge Massachusetts USA
| | - Daniel J. Jacob
- Division of Engineering and Applied Sciences, and Department of Earth and Planetary Sciences; Harvard University; Cambridge Massachusetts USA
| | - Robert M. Yantosca
- Division of Engineering and Applied Sciences, and Department of Earth and Planetary Sciences; Harvard University; Cambridge Massachusetts USA
| | - Mian Chin
- School of Earth and Atmospheric Sciences; Georgia Institute of Technology; Atlanta Georgia USA
| | - Paul Ginoux
- School of Earth and Atmospheric Sciences; Georgia Institute of Technology; Atlanta Georgia USA
| |
Collapse
|
280
|
Kärcher B. A parameterization of cirrus cloud formation: Heterogeneous freezing. ACTA ACUST UNITED AC 2003. [DOI: 10.1029/2002jd003220] [Citation(s) in RCA: 207] [Impact Index Per Article: 9.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/10/2022]
|
281
|
|
282
|
Al-Abadleh HA, Krueger BJ, Ross JL, Grassian VH. Phase transitions in calcium nitrate thin films. Chem Commun (Camb) 2003:2796-7. [PMID: 14651109 DOI: 10.1039/b308632a] [Citation(s) in RCA: 37] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/21/2022]
Abstract
Calcium carbonate is a ubiquitous mineral and its reactivity with indoor and outdoor air pollutants will contribute to the deterioration of these materials through the formation of salts that deliquesce at low relative humidity (RH). As shown here for calcium nitrate thin films, deliquescence occurs at even lower relative humidity than expected from bulk thermodynamics and lower than the recommended humidity for the preservation of artifacts and antiques.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Hind A Al-Abadleh
- Department of Chemistry University of Iowa, Iowa City, IA 52242, USA
| | | | | | | |
Collapse
|
283
|
Bogdan A. Study of finely divided aqueous systems as an aid to understanding the surface chemistry of polar stratospheric clouds: Case of HCl/H2O and HNO3/HCl/H2O systems. ACTA ACUST UNITED AC 2003. [DOI: 10.1029/2002jd002606] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/05/2023]
|
284
|
Usher CR, Al-Hosney H, Carlos-Cuellar S, Grassian VH. A laboratory study of the heterogeneous uptake and oxidation of sulfur dioxide on mineral dust particles. ACTA ACUST UNITED AC 2002. [DOI: 10.1029/2002jd002051] [Citation(s) in RCA: 160] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/09/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- C. R. Usher
- Department of Chemistry; University of Iowa; Iowa City Iowa USA
| | - H. Al-Hosney
- Department of Chemistry; University of Iowa; Iowa City Iowa USA
| | | | - V. H. Grassian
- Department of Chemistry; University of Iowa; Iowa City Iowa USA
| |
Collapse
|
285
|
Affiliation(s)
- K. Max Zhang
- Department of Mechanical and Aeronautical Engineering; University of California; Davis California USA
| | - Anthony S. Wexler
- Department of Mechanical and Aeronautical Engineering; University of California; Davis California USA
| |
Collapse
|
286
|
Fortin TJ, Shilling JE, Tolbert MA. Infrared spectroscopic study of the low-temperature phase behavior of ammonium sulfate. ACTA ACUST UNITED AC 2002. [DOI: 10.1029/2001jd000677] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/09/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Tara J. Fortin
- Department of Chemistry and Biochemistry and Cooperative Institute for Research in Environmental Sciences; University of Colorado; Boulder Colorado USA
| | - John E. Shilling
- Department of Chemistry and Biochemistry and Cooperative Institute for Research in Environmental Sciences; University of Colorado; Boulder Colorado USA
| | - Margaret A. Tolbert
- Department of Chemistry and Biochemistry and Cooperative Institute for Research in Environmental Sciences; University of Colorado; Boulder Colorado USA
| |
Collapse
|
287
|
Han JH, Hung HM, Martin ST. Size effect of hematite and corundum inclusions on the efflorescence relative humidities of aqueous ammonium nitrate particles. ACTA ACUST UNITED AC 2002. [DOI: 10.1029/2001jd001054] [Citation(s) in RCA: 25] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/10/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Jeong-Ho Han
- Department of Environmental Chemistry, Atmospheric Science Division; Brookhaven National Laboratory; Upton New York USA
| | - Hui-Ming Hung
- Division of Engineering and Applied Sciences; Harvard University; Cambridge Massachusetts USA
| | - Scot T. Martin
- Division of Engineering and Applied Sciences; Harvard University; Cambridge Massachusetts USA
| |
Collapse
|
288
|
Chu LT, Diao G, Chu L. Kinetics of HOBr Uptake on NaBr and NaCl Surfaces at Varying Relative Humidity. J Phys Chem B 2002. [DOI: 10.1021/jp013594g] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/07/2023]
Affiliation(s)
- Liang T. Chu
- Wadsworth Center, NYS Department of Health and State University of New York, P.O. Box 509, Albany, New York 12201-0509
| | - Guowang Diao
- Wadsworth Center, NYS Department of Health and State University of New York, P.O. Box 509, Albany, New York 12201-0509
| | - Liang Chu
- Wadsworth Center, NYS Department of Health and State University of New York, P.O. Box 509, Albany, New York 12201-0509
| |
Collapse
|
289
|
Choi MY, Chan CK. Continuous Measurements of the Water Activities of Aqueous Droplets of Water-Soluble Organic Compounds. J Phys Chem A 2002. [DOI: 10.1021/jp013875o] [Citation(s) in RCA: 82] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/28/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Man Yee Choi
- Department of Chemical Engineering, Hong Kong University of Science and Technology, Clear Water Bay, Kowloon, Hong Kong, China
| | - Chak K. Chan
- Department of Chemical Engineering, Hong Kong University of Science and Technology, Clear Water Bay, Kowloon, Hong Kong, China
| |
Collapse
|
290
|
|
291
|
Grassian VH. Chemical Reactions of Nitrogen Oxides on the Surface of Oxide, Carbonate, Soot, and Mineral Dust Particles: Implications for the Chemical Balance of the Troposphere. J Phys Chem A 2002. [DOI: 10.1021/jp012139h] [Citation(s) in RCA: 113] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/30/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- V. H. Grassian
- Departments of Chemistry and Chemical and Biochemical Engineering, and the Center for Global and Regional Environmental Research, The University of Iowa, Iowa City, Iowa 52242
| |
Collapse
|
292
|
Wexler AS. Atmospheric aerosol models for systems including the ions H+, NH4+, Na+, SO42−, NO3−, Cl−, Br−, and H2O. ACTA ACUST UNITED AC 2002. [DOI: 10.1029/2001jd000451] [Citation(s) in RCA: 447] [Impact Index Per Article: 20.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/09/2022]
|
293
|
Hung HM, Malinowski A, Martin ST. Ice Nucleation Kinetics of Aerosols Containing Aqueous and Solid Ammonium Sulfate Particles. J Phys Chem A 2001. [DOI: 10.1021/jp012064h] [Citation(s) in RCA: 34] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/28/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Hui-Ming Hung
- Division of Engineering and Applied Sciences, 29 Oxford Street, Pierce Hall, Room 122, Harvard University, Cambridge, Massachusetts 02138
| | - Adam Malinowski
- Division of Engineering and Applied Sciences, 29 Oxford Street, Pierce Hall, Room 122, Harvard University, Cambridge, Massachusetts 02138
| | - Scot T. Martin
- Division of Engineering and Applied Sciences, 29 Oxford Street, Pierce Hall, Room 122, Harvard University, Cambridge, Massachusetts 02138
| |
Collapse
|
294
|
Hung HM, Martin ST. Apparent freezing temperatures modeled for several experimental apparatus. ACTA ACUST UNITED AC 2001. [DOI: 10.1029/2000jd000212] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/09/2022]
|
295
|
Abstract
Stratospheric ozone depletion was first reported in 1985. Early on, researchers identified polar stratospheric clouds (PSCs) as being important in chemistry related to ozone depletion. PSCs exist as crystalline water-ice particles (type II), and as crystalline (type Ia) or liquid (type Ib) particles stable above the water-ice frost point. Uncertainty remains concerning the composition and formation mechanism of the most common PSC, type Ia. Here, we consider likely formation mechanisms for type Ia PSCs.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- A J Prenni
- Department of Chemistry and Biochemistry and CIRES, University of Colorado, Boulder, Colorado 80309, USA
| | | |
Collapse
|
296
|
Zuberi B, Bertram AK, Koop T, Molina LT, Molina MJ. Heterogeneous Freezing of Aqueous Particles Induced by Crystallized (NH4)2SO4, Ice, and Letovicite. J Phys Chem A 2001. [DOI: 10.1021/jp010094e] [Citation(s) in RCA: 67] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/28/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Bilal Zuberi
- Departments of Earth, Atmospheric and Planetary Sciences and of Chemistry, Massachusetts Institute of Technology, Cambridge, Massachusetts 02139
| | - Allan K. Bertram
- Departments of Earth, Atmospheric and Planetary Sciences and of Chemistry, Massachusetts Institute of Technology, Cambridge, Massachusetts 02139
| | - Thomas Koop
- Departments of Earth, Atmospheric and Planetary Sciences and of Chemistry, Massachusetts Institute of Technology, Cambridge, Massachusetts 02139
| | - Luisa T. Molina
- Departments of Earth, Atmospheric and Planetary Sciences and of Chemistry, Massachusetts Institute of Technology, Cambridge, Massachusetts 02139
| | - Mario J. Molina
- Departments of Earth, Atmospheric and Planetary Sciences and of Chemistry, Massachusetts Institute of Technology, Cambridge, Massachusetts 02139
| |
Collapse
|
297
|
Goodman AL, Li P, Usher CR, Grassian VH. Heterogeneous Uptake of Sulfur Dioxide On Aluminum and Magnesium Oxide Particles. J Phys Chem A 2001. [DOI: 10.1021/jp004423z] [Citation(s) in RCA: 154] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/28/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- A. L. Goodman
- Departments of Chemistry and Chemical and Biochemical Engineering, University of Iowa, Iowa City, Iowa 52246
| | - P. Li
- Departments of Chemistry and Chemical and Biochemical Engineering, University of Iowa, Iowa City, Iowa 52246
| | - C. R. Usher
- Departments of Chemistry and Chemical and Biochemical Engineering, University of Iowa, Iowa City, Iowa 52246
| | - V. H. Grassian
- Departments of Chemistry and Chemical and Biochemical Engineering, University of Iowa, Iowa City, Iowa 52246
| |
Collapse
|
298
|
Martin ST, Schlenker J, Chelf JH, Duckworth OW. Structure-activity relationships of mineral dusts as heterogeneous nuclei for ammonium sulfate crystallization from supersaturated aqueous solutions. ENVIRONMENTAL SCIENCE & TECHNOLOGY 2001; 35:1624-1629. [PMID: 11329712 DOI: 10.1021/es001535v] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/23/2023]
Abstract
Mineral inclusions, present in aqueous atmospheric salt droplets, regulate crystallization when relative humidity decreases by providing a surface for heterogeneous nucleation and thus reducing the critical supersaturation. Although laboratory studies have quantified these processes to some extent, the diverse atmospheric mineralogy presents more chemical systems than practically feasible for direct study. Structure--activity relationships are necessary. To that end, in the present work the interactions of ammonium sulfate with corundum, hematite, mullite, rutile, anatase, and baddeleyite were studied by diffuse reflectance fourier transform infrared spectroscopy (DRIFTS) and by epitaxial modeling. The spectroscopic results show that shifts in sulfate peak positions due to chemisorption are not a correlative indicator of the efficacy of heterogeneous nucleation. In contrast, epitaxial modeling results of unreconstructed surfaces explain the sequence of critical supersaturations for constant particle size. If validated by further work, this computer modeling method would provide an important structure--activity tool for the estimation of heterogeneous nucleation properties of the atmospheric mineralogy.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- S T Martin
- Division of Engineering and Applied Sciences, 29 Oxford Street, Pierce Hall, Room 122, Harvard University, Cambridge, Massachusetts 02138, USA.
| | | | | | | |
Collapse
|
299
|
Chelf JH, Martin ST. Homogeneous ice nucleation in aqueous ammonium sulfate aerosol particles. ACTA ACUST UNITED AC 2001. [DOI: 10.1029/2000jd900477] [Citation(s) in RCA: 37] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/10/2022]
|