251
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Lin YA, Chalker JM, Davis BG. Olefin Metathesis for Site-Selective Protein Modification. Chembiochem 2009; 10:959-69. [DOI: 10.1002/cbic.200900002] [Citation(s) in RCA: 131] [Impact Index Per Article: 8.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/06/2022]
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252
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Crich D, Sana K. SN2-Type Nucleophilic Opening of β-Thiolactones (Thietan-2-ones) as a Source of Thioacids for Coupling Reactions. J Org Chem 2009; 74:3389-93. [DOI: 10.1021/jo9001728] [Citation(s) in RCA: 16] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/29/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- David Crich
- Department of Chemistry, Wayne State University, 5101 Cass Avenue, Detroit, Michigan 48202, and Centre de Recherche CNRS de Gif-sur-Yvette, Institut de Chimie des Substances Naturelles, Avenue de la Terrasse, 91198 Gif-sur-Yvette, France
| | - Kasinath Sana
- Department of Chemistry, Wayne State University, 5101 Cass Avenue, Detroit, Michigan 48202, and Centre de Recherche CNRS de Gif-sur-Yvette, Institut de Chimie des Substances Naturelles, Avenue de la Terrasse, 91198 Gif-sur-Yvette, France
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253
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Affiliation(s)
- David P Gamblin
- Department of Chemistry, University of Oxford, Chemistry Research Laboratory, Mansfield Road, Oxford OX1 3TA, United Kingdom
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254
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Sletten EM, Bertozzi CR. Bioorthogonal chemistry: fishing for selectivity in a sea of functionality. Angew Chem Int Ed Engl 2009; 48:6974-98. [PMID: 19714693 PMCID: PMC2864149 DOI: 10.1002/anie.200900942] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2349] [Impact Index Per Article: 156.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/18/2022]
Abstract
The study of biomolecules in their native environments is a challenging task because of the vast complexity of cellular systems. Technologies developed in the last few years for the selective modification of biological species in living systems have yielded new insights into cellular processes. Key to these new techniques are bioorthogonal chemical reactions, whose components must react rapidly and selectively with each other under physiological conditions in the presence of the plethora of functionality necessary to sustain life. Herein we describe the bioorthogonal chemical reactions developed to date and how they can be used to study biomolecules.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ellen M. Sletten
- Department of Chemistry, University of California, Berkeley, CA 94720 (USA)
| | - Carolyn R. Bertozzi
- Departments of Chemistry and Molecular and Cell Biology and Howard Hughes Medical Institute, University of California and The Molecular Foundry, Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory, Berkeley, CA 94720 (USA), Fax: (+1)510-643-2628
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255
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Chalker JM, Lin YA, Boutureira O, Davis BG. Enabling olefin metathesis on proteins: chemical methods for installation of S-allyl cysteine. Chem Commun (Camb) 2009:3714-6. [DOI: 10.1039/b908004j] [Citation(s) in RCA: 71] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/25/2022]
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256
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Abstract
The development of novel methodology for bond-forming processes that are compatible with biomolecules allows the assembly, alteration, or modification of proteins. Such synthetic proteins allow precise insight and investigation of function in a manner that has the potential for almost unlimited diversity.
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257
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Tedaldi LM, Smith MEB, Nathani RI, Baker JR. Bromomaleimides: new reagents for the selective and reversible modification of cysteine. Chem Commun (Camb) 2009:6583-5. [DOI: 10.1039/b915136b] [Citation(s) in RCA: 78] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/21/2022]
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258
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Hackenberger C, Schwarzer D. Chemoselektive Ligations- und Modifikationsstrategien für Peptide und Proteine. Angew Chem Int Ed Engl 2008. [DOI: 10.1002/ange.200801313] [Citation(s) in RCA: 204] [Impact Index Per Article: 12.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/13/2022]
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259
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Hackenberger C, Schwarzer D. Chemoselective Ligation and Modification Strategies for Peptides and Proteins. Angew Chem Int Ed Engl 2008; 47:10030-74. [DOI: 10.1002/anie.200801313] [Citation(s) in RCA: 651] [Impact Index Per Article: 40.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/20/2023]
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260
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Capone S, Kieltsch I, Flögel O, Lelais G, Togni A, Seebach D. ElectrophilicS-Trifluoromethylation of Cysteine Side Chains inα- andβ-Peptides: Isolation of Trifluoro-methylatedSandostatin®(Octreotide) Derivatives. Helv Chim Acta 2008. [DOI: 10.1002/hlca.200890217] [Citation(s) in RCA: 79] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/06/2022]
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261
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Olefin metathesis for chemical biology. Curr Opin Chem Biol 2008; 12:767-73. [PMID: 18935975 DOI: 10.1016/j.cbpa.2008.09.022] [Citation(s) in RCA: 109] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/28/2008] [Accepted: 09/19/2008] [Indexed: 11/22/2022]
Abstract
Chemical biology relies on effective synthetic chemistry for building molecules to probe and modulate biological function. Olefin metathesis in organic solvents is a valuable addition to this armamentarium, and developments during the previous decade are enabling metathesis in aqueous solvents for the manipulation of biomolecules. Functional group-tolerant ruthenium metathesis catalysts modified with charged moieties or hydrophilic polymers are soluble and active in water, enabling ring-opening metathesis polymerization, cross metathesis, and ring-closing metathesis. Alternatively, conventional hydrophobic ruthenium complexes catalyze a similar array of metathesis reactions in mixtures of water and organic solvents. This strategy has enabled cross metathesis on the surface of a protein. Continuing developments in catalyst design and methodology will popularize the bioorthogonal reactivity of metathesis.
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262
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Crich D, Yang F. Synthesis of neoglycoconjugates by the desulfurative rearrangement of allylic disulfides. J Org Chem 2008; 73:7017-27. [PMID: 18729514 PMCID: PMC2742710 DOI: 10.1021/jo8015314] [Citation(s) in RCA: 18] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/22/2022]
Abstract
Two series of neoglycosyl donors are prepared on the basis of connection of an allylic disulfide motif to the anomeric center via a simple O-glycosyl linkage or N-glycosyl amide unit. Conjugation of both sets of donors to cysteine in peptides is demonstrated through classical disulfide exchange followed by the phosphine-mediated desulfurative allylic rearrangement resulting in neoglycopeptides characterized by a simple thioether spacer. The conjugation reaction functions in the absence of protecting groups on both the neoglycosyl donor and peptide in aqueous media at room temperature.
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Affiliation(s)
- David Crich
- Department of Chemistry, Wayne State University, 5101 Cass Avenue, Detroit, Michigan 48202, USA.
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263
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Younis IR, Elliott M, Peer CJ, Cooper AJL, Pinto JT, Konat GW, Kraszpulski M, Petros WP, Callery PS. Dehydroalanine analog of glutathione: an electrophilic busulfan metabolite that binds to human glutathione S-transferase A1-1. J Pharmacol Exp Ther 2008; 327:770-6. [PMID: 18791061 DOI: 10.1124/jpet.108.142208] [Citation(s) in RCA: 26] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/22/2022] Open
Abstract
Elimination of hydrogen sulfide from glutathione (GSH) converts a well known cellular nucleophile to an electrophilic species, gamma-glutamyldehydroalanylglycine (EdAG). We have found that a sulfonium metabolite formed from GSH and busulfan undergoes a facile beta-elimination reaction to give EdAG, which is an alpha,beta-unsaturated dehydroalanyl analog of GSH. EdAG was identified as a metabolite of busulfan in a human liver cytosol fraction. EdAG condenses with GSH in a Michael addition reaction to produce a lanthionine thioether [(2-amino-5-[[3-[2-[[4-amino-5-hydroxy-5-oxopentanoyl]amino]-3-(carboxymethylamino)-3-oxopropyl]sulfanyl-1-(carboxymethylamino)-1-oxopropan-2-yl]amino]-5-oxopentanoic acid); GSG], which is a nonreducible analog of glutathione disulfide. EdAG was less cytotoxic than busulfan to C6 rat glioma cells. GSH and EdAG were equally effective in displacing a glutathione S-transferase (GST) isozyme (human GSTA1-1) from a GSH-agarose column. The finding of an electrophilic metabolite of GSH suggests that alteration of cellular GSH concentrations, irreversible nonreducible glutathionylation of proteins, and interference with GST function may contribute to the toxicity of busulfan.
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Affiliation(s)
- Islam R Younis
- Department of Basic Pharmaceutical Sciences, West Virginia University, Morgantown, WV 26506, USA
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264
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Chapman CJ, Hargrave JD, Bish G, Frost CG. Peptide modification through site-selective residue interconversion: application of the rhodium-catalysed 1,4-addition of aryl siloxanes and boronates. Tetrahedron 2008. [DOI: 10.1016/j.tet.2008.07.067] [Citation(s) in RCA: 27] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/15/2022]
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265
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266
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Guo J, Wang J, Lee J, Schultz P. Site-Specific Incorporation of Methyl- and Acetyl-Lysine Analogues into Recombinant Proteins. Angew Chem Int Ed Engl 2008. [DOI: 10.1002/ange.200802336] [Citation(s) in RCA: 29] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/07/2022]
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267
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Guo J, Wang J, Lee J, Schultz P. Site-Specific Incorporation of Methyl- and Acetyl-Lysine Analogues into Recombinant Proteins. Angew Chem Int Ed Engl 2008; 47:6399-401. [DOI: 10.1002/anie.200802336] [Citation(s) in RCA: 106] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/10/2022]
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268
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Hackenberger C, Wegner H, Zumbuehl A. Stereochemie in Bürgenstock: chemische Biologie und organische Synthese im Blickpunkt. Angew Chem Int Ed Engl 2008. [DOI: 10.1002/ange.200802643] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/10/2022]
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269
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Hackenberger C, Wegner H, Zumbuehl A. Stereochemistry at Bürgenstock: Chemical Biology and Organic Synthesis in Focus. Angew Chem Int Ed Engl 2008. [DOI: 10.1002/anie.200802643] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/09/2022]
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270
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Sugihara Y, Ohtsu R, Nakayama J. Synthesis and Properties of S-Aminothiiranium Salts of anti- and syn-9,9’-Bibenzonorbornenylidenes and 2,2’-Biadamantylidene. HETEROCYCLES 2008. [DOI: 10.3987/com-08-11412] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/19/2022]
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