1
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Craven TW, Nolan MD, Bailey J, Olatunji S, Bann SJ, Bowen K, Ostrovitsa N, Da Costa TM, Ballantine RD, Weichert D, Levine PM, Stewart LJ, Bhardwaj G, Geoghegan JA, Cochrane SA, Scanlan EM, Caffrey M, Baker D. Computational Design of Cyclic Peptide Inhibitors of a Bacterial Membrane Lipoprotein Peptidase. ACS Chem Biol 2024. [PMID: 38712757 DOI: 10.1021/acschembio.4c00076] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/08/2024]
Abstract
There remains a critical need for new antibiotics against multi-drug-resistant Gram-negative bacteria, a major global threat that continues to impact mortality rates. Lipoprotein signal peptidase II is an essential enzyme in the lipoprotein biosynthetic pathway of Gram-negative bacteria, making it an attractive target for antibacterial drug discovery. Although natural inhibitors of LspA have been identified, such as the cyclic depsipeptide globomycin, poor stability and production difficulties limit their use in a clinical setting. We harness computational design to generate stable de novo cyclic peptide analogues of globomycin. Only 12 peptides needed to be synthesized and tested to yield potent inhibitors, avoiding costly preparation of large libraries and screening campaigns. The most potent analogues showed comparable or better antimicrobial activity than globomycin in microdilution assays against ESKAPE-E pathogens. This work highlights computational design as a general strategy to combat antibiotic resistance.
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Affiliation(s)
- Timothy W Craven
- Department of Biochemistry, University of Washington, Seattle, Washington 98195, United States
- Institute for Protein Design, University of Washington, Seattle, Washington 98195, United States
| | - Mark D Nolan
- School of Chemistry, Trinity College Dublin, Dublin D02 R590, Ireland
| | - Jonathan Bailey
- School of Medicine and School of Biochemistry and Immunology, Trinity College Dublin, Dublin D02 R590, Ireland
- Biological Inorganic Chemistry Laboratory, The Francis Crick Institute, London NW1 1AT, U.K
| | - Samir Olatunji
- School of Medicine and School of Biochemistry and Immunology, Trinity College Dublin, Dublin D02 R590, Ireland
| | - Samantha J Bann
- School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Queen's University Belfast, David Keir Building, Stranmillis Road, Belfast BT9 5AG, U.K
| | - Katherine Bowen
- School of Chemistry, Trinity College Dublin, Dublin D02 R590, Ireland
| | - Nikita Ostrovitsa
- School of Chemistry, Trinity College Dublin, Dublin D02 R590, Ireland
| | - Thaina M Da Costa
- Department of Microbiology, Moyne Institute of Preventive Medicine, School of Genetics and Microbiology, Trinity College Dublin, Dublin D02 VF25, Ireland
| | - Ross D Ballantine
- School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Queen's University Belfast, David Keir Building, Stranmillis Road, Belfast BT9 5AG, U.K
| | - Dietmar Weichert
- School of Medicine and School of Biochemistry and Immunology, Trinity College Dublin, Dublin D02 R590, Ireland
| | - Paul M Levine
- Department of Biochemistry, University of Washington, Seattle, Washington 98195, United States
- Institute for Protein Design, University of Washington, Seattle, Washington 98195, United States
| | - Lance J Stewart
- Department of Biochemistry, University of Washington, Seattle, Washington 98195, United States
- Institute for Protein Design, University of Washington, Seattle, Washington 98195, United States
| | - Gaurav Bhardwaj
- Department of Biochemistry, University of Washington, Seattle, Washington 98195, United States
- Institute for Protein Design, University of Washington, Seattle, Washington 98195, United States
| | - Joan A Geoghegan
- Department of Microbiology, Moyne Institute of Preventive Medicine, School of Genetics and Microbiology, Trinity College Dublin, Dublin D02 VF25, Ireland
- Institute of Microbiology and Infection, College of Medical and Dental Sciences, University of Birmingham, Birmingham B15 2TT, U.K
| | - Stephen A Cochrane
- School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Queen's University Belfast, David Keir Building, Stranmillis Road, Belfast BT9 5AG, U.K
| | - Eoin M Scanlan
- School of Chemistry, Trinity College Dublin, Dublin D02 R590, Ireland
| | - Martin Caffrey
- School of Medicine and School of Biochemistry and Immunology, Trinity College Dublin, Dublin D02 R590, Ireland
| | - David Baker
- Department of Biochemistry, University of Washington, Seattle, Washington 98195, United States
- Institute for Protein Design, University of Washington, Seattle, Washington 98195, United States
- Howard Hughes Medical Institute, University of Washington, Seattle, Washington 98195, United States
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2
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Benny A, Di Simo L, Guazzelli L, Scanlan EM. Radical Mediated Decarboxylation of Amino Acids via Photochemical Carbonyl Sulfide (COS) Elimination. Molecules 2024; 29:1465. [PMID: 38611745 PMCID: PMC11013372 DOI: 10.3390/molecules29071465] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/02/2024] [Revised: 03/19/2024] [Accepted: 03/24/2024] [Indexed: 04/14/2024] Open
Abstract
Herein, we present the first examples of amino acid decarboxylation via photochemically activated carbonyl sulfide (COS) elimination of the corresponding thioacids. This method offers a mild approach for the decarboxylation of amino acids, furnishing N-alkyl amino derivatives. The methodology was compatible with amino acids displaying both polar and hydrophobic sidechains and was tolerant towards widely used amino acid-protecting groups. The compatibility of the reaction with continuous-flow conditions demonstrates the scalability of the process.
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Affiliation(s)
- Alby Benny
- Trinity Biomedical Sciences Institute, Trinity College Dublin, 152-160 Pearse Street, Dublin 2, D02 R590 Dublin, Ireland; (A.B.); (L.D.S.)
| | - Lorenzo Di Simo
- Trinity Biomedical Sciences Institute, Trinity College Dublin, 152-160 Pearse Street, Dublin 2, D02 R590 Dublin, Ireland; (A.B.); (L.D.S.)
- Department of Pharmacy, University of Pisa, Via Bonanno 33, 56126 Pisa, Italy
| | - Lorenzo Guazzelli
- Department of Pharmacy, University of Pisa, Via Bonanno 33, 56126 Pisa, Italy
| | - Eoin M. Scanlan
- Trinity Biomedical Sciences Institute, Trinity College Dublin, 152-160 Pearse Street, Dublin 2, D02 R590 Dublin, Ireland; (A.B.); (L.D.S.)
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3
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Rabadán González I, McLean JT, Ostrovitsa N, Fitzgerald S, Mezzetta A, Guazzelli L, O'Shea DF, Scanlan EM. A thiol-ene mediated approach for peptide bioconjugation using 'green' solvents under continuous flow. Org Biomol Chem 2024; 22:2203-2210. [PMID: 38414440 DOI: 10.1039/d4ob00122b] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/29/2024]
Abstract
Flow chemistry has emerged as an integral process within the chemical sector permitting energy efficient synthetic scale-up while improving safety and minimising solvent usage. Herein, we report the first applications of the photoactivated, radical-mediated thiol-ene reaction for peptide bioconjugation under continuous flow. Bioconjugation reactions employing deep eutectic solvents, bio-based solvents and fully aqueous systems are reported here for a range of biologically relevant peptide substrates. The use of a water soluble photoinitiator, Irgacure 2959, permitted synthesis of glycosylated peptides in fully aqueous conditions, obviating the need for addition of organic solvents and enhancing the green credentials of these rapid, photoactivated, bioconjugation reactions.
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Affiliation(s)
- Inés Rabadán González
- Trinity Biomedical Sciences Institute, Trinity College Dublin, 152-160 Pearse Street, Dublin 2, Ireland.
| | - Joshua T McLean
- Trinity Biomedical Sciences Institute, Trinity College Dublin, 152-160 Pearse Street, Dublin 2, Ireland.
| | - Nikita Ostrovitsa
- Trinity Biomedical Sciences Institute, Trinity College Dublin, 152-160 Pearse Street, Dublin 2, Ireland.
| | - Sheila Fitzgerald
- Department of Chemistry, RCSI, 123 St Stephen's Green, Dublin 2, Ireland
| | | | | | - Donal F O'Shea
- Department of Chemistry, RCSI, 123 St Stephen's Green, Dublin 2, Ireland
| | - Eoin M Scanlan
- Trinity Biomedical Sciences Institute, Trinity College Dublin, 152-160 Pearse Street, Dublin 2, Ireland.
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4
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Lynch DM, Nolan MD, Williams C, Van Dalsen L, Calvert SH, Dénès F, Trujillo C, Scanlan EM. Traceless Thioacid-Mediated Radical Cyclization of 1,6-Dienes. J Org Chem 2023. [PMID: 37418624 PMCID: PMC10367065 DOI: 10.1021/acs.joc.3c00824] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 07/09/2023]
Abstract
Five-membered ring systems are ubiquitous throughout natural products and synthetic therapeutics, and thus, efficient methods to access this essential scaffold are required. Herein, we report the thioacid-mediated, 5-exo-trig cyclization of various 1,6-dienes, with high yields of up to 98%. The labile thioester functionality can be exploited to generate a free thiol residue which can be used as a functional handle or removed entirely to provide the traceless cyclized product.
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Affiliation(s)
- Dylan M Lynch
- Trinity Biomedical Sciences Institute, Trinity College Dublin, 152-160 Pearse Street, Dublin 2, Ireland
| | - Mark D Nolan
- Trinity Biomedical Sciences Institute, Trinity College Dublin, 152-160 Pearse Street, Dublin 2, Ireland
| | - Conor Williams
- Trinity Biomedical Sciences Institute, Trinity College Dublin, 152-160 Pearse Street, Dublin 2, Ireland
| | - Leendert Van Dalsen
- Trinity Biomedical Sciences Institute, Trinity College Dublin, 152-160 Pearse Street, Dublin 2, Ireland
| | - Susannah H Calvert
- Trinity Biomedical Sciences Institute, Trinity College Dublin, 152-160 Pearse Street, Dublin 2, Ireland
| | - Fabrice Dénès
- Université de Nantes, CEISAM UMR CNRS 6230 UFR des Sciences et des Techniques, 2 rue de la Houssinière BP, 92208 - 44322 Cedex 3 Nantes, France
| | - Cristina Trujillo
- Trinity Biomedical Sciences Institute, Trinity College Dublin, 152-160 Pearse Street, Dublin 2, Ireland
| | - Eoin M Scanlan
- Trinity Biomedical Sciences Institute, Trinity College Dublin, 152-160 Pearse Street, Dublin 2, Ireland
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5
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Smithers L, Degtjarik O, Weichert D, Huang CY, Boland C, Bowen K, Oluwole A, Lutomski C, Robinson CV, Scanlan EM, Wang M, Olieric V, Shalev-Benami M, Caffrey M. Structure snapshots reveal the mechanism of a bacterial membrane lipoprotein N-acyltransferase. Sci Adv 2023; 9:eadf5799. [PMID: 37390210 PMCID: PMC10313180 DOI: 10.1126/sciadv.adf5799] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/31/2022] [Accepted: 05/26/2023] [Indexed: 07/02/2023]
Abstract
Bacterial lipoproteins (BLPs) decorate the surface of membranes in the cell envelope. They function in membrane assembly and stability, as enzymes, and in transport. The final enzyme in the BLP synthesis pathway is the apolipoprotein N-acyltransferase, Lnt, which is proposed to act by a ping-pong mechanism. Here, we use x-ray crystallography and cryo-electron microscopy to chart the structural changes undergone during the progress of the enzyme through the reaction. We identify a single active site that has evolved to bind, individually and sequentially, substrates that satisfy structural and chemical criteria to position reactive parts next to the catalytic triad for reaction. This study validates the ping-pong mechanism, explains the molecular bases for Lnt's substrate promiscuity, and should facilitate the design of antibiotics with minimal off-target effects.
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Affiliation(s)
- Luke Smithers
- School of Medicine and School of Biochemistry and Immunology, Trinity College Dublin, Dublin D02 R590, Ireland
| | - Oksana Degtjarik
- Department of Chemical and Structural Biology, Weizmann Institute of Science, Rehovot 7610001, Israel
| | - Dietmar Weichert
- School of Medicine and School of Biochemistry and Immunology, Trinity College Dublin, Dublin D02 R590, Ireland
| | - Chia-Ying Huang
- Swiss Light Source, Paul Scherrer Institute, CH-5232 Villigen, Switzerland
| | - Coilín Boland
- School of Medicine and School of Biochemistry and Immunology, Trinity College Dublin, Dublin D02 R590, Ireland
| | - Katherine Bowen
- School of Chemistry, Trinity College Dublin, Dublin D02 R590, Ireland
| | - Abraham Oluwole
- Department of Chemistry, University of Oxford, South Parks Road, Oxford OX1 3QU, UK
| | - Corinne Lutomski
- Department of Chemistry, University of Oxford, South Parks Road, Oxford OX1 3QU, UK
| | - Carol V. Robinson
- Department of Chemistry, University of Oxford, South Parks Road, Oxford OX1 3QU, UK
| | - Eoin M. Scanlan
- School of Chemistry, Trinity College Dublin, Dublin D02 R590, Ireland
| | - Meitian Wang
- Swiss Light Source, Paul Scherrer Institute, CH-5232 Villigen, Switzerland
| | - Vincent Olieric
- Swiss Light Source, Paul Scherrer Institute, CH-5232 Villigen, Switzerland
| | - Moran Shalev-Benami
- Department of Chemical and Structural Biology, Weizmann Institute of Science, Rehovot 7610001, Israel
| | - Martin Caffrey
- School of Medicine and School of Biochemistry and Immunology, Trinity College Dublin, Dublin D02 R590, Ireland
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6
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Barnes DD, Kuznetsova V, Visheratina A, Purcell-Milton F, Baranov MA, Lynch DM, Martin H, Gun'ko YK, Scanlan EM. Glycosylated quantum dots as fluorometric nanoprobes for trehalase. Org Biomol Chem 2023; 21:2905-2909. [PMID: 36942668 DOI: 10.1039/d3ob00368j] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 03/19/2023]
Abstract
Trehalase is an important enzyme in the metabolic cascades of many organisms, catalysing the hydrolysis of the disaccharide trehalose. Herein we describe the first examples of fluorometric nanoprobes for detection of trehalase, based on trehalose-functionalised quantum dots (QDs). QDs cross-linked with trehalose form aggregates, which are released upon enzymatic cleavage of the trehalose glycosidic bond proportionally to the enzyme concentration, offering a unique and efficient approach for specific sensing of this biologically important enzyme.
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Affiliation(s)
- Danielle D Barnes
- School of Chemistry and Trinity Biomedical Sciences Institute, Trinity College, Pearse St, Dublin 2, Ireland.
| | - Vera Kuznetsova
- School of Chemistry and CRANN, Trinity College, Pearse St, Dublin 2, Ireland
| | | | - Finn Purcell-Milton
- School of Chemistry and CRANN, Trinity College, Pearse St, Dublin 2, Ireland
| | | | - Dylan M Lynch
- School of Chemistry and Trinity Biomedical Sciences Institute, Trinity College, Pearse St, Dublin 2, Ireland.
| | - Harlei Martin
- School of Chemistry and Trinity Biomedical Sciences Institute, Trinity College, Pearse St, Dublin 2, Ireland.
| | - Yurii K Gun'ko
- School of Chemistry and CRANN, Trinity College, Pearse St, Dublin 2, Ireland
| | - Eoin M Scanlan
- School of Chemistry and Trinity Biomedical Sciences Institute, Trinity College, Pearse St, Dublin 2, Ireland.
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7
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Nolan MD, Shine C, Scanlan EM, Petracca R. Thioether analogues of the pituitary neuropeptide oxytocin via thiol–ene macrocyclisation of unprotected peptides. Org Biomol Chem 2022; 20:8192-8196. [DOI: 10.1039/d2ob01688e] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/06/2022]
Abstract
A radical mediated approach to macrocyclisation of unprotected peptides via Thiol-Ene Click for synthesis of disulfide analogues is reported.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mark D. Nolan
- Trinity Biomedical Sciences Institute, Trinity College Dublin, D05 R590, Ireland
| | - Conor Shine
- Trinity Biomedical Sciences Institute, Trinity College Dublin, D05 R590, Ireland
| | - Eoin M. Scanlan
- Trinity Biomedical Sciences Institute, Trinity College Dublin, D05 R590, Ireland
| | - Rita Petracca
- Utrecht University, Utrecht Institute for Pharmaceutical Sciences (UIPS), Chemical Biology and Drug Discovery, Netherlands
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8
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Lundahl MLE, Mitermite M, Ryan DG, Case S, Williams NC, Yang M, Lynch RI, Lagan E, Lebre FM, Gorman AL, Stojkovic B, Bracken AP, Frezza C, Sheedy FJ, Scanlan EM, O'Neill LAJ, Gordon SV, Lavelle EC. Macrophage innate training induced by IL-4 and IL-13 activation enhances OXPHOS driven anti-mycobacterial responses. eLife 2022; 11:74690. [PMID: 36173104 PMCID: PMC9555863 DOI: 10.7554/elife.74690] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/13/2021] [Accepted: 09/28/2022] [Indexed: 01/05/2023] Open
Abstract
Macrophages are a highly adaptive population of innate immune cells. Polarization with IFNγ and LPS into the 'classically activated' M1 macrophage enhances pro-inflammatory and microbicidal responses, important for eradicating bacteria such as Mycobacterium tuberculosis. By contrast, 'alternatively activated' M2 macrophages, polarized with IL-4, oppose bactericidal mechanisms and allow mycobacterial growth. These activation states are accompanied by distinct metabolic profiles, where M1 macrophages favor near exclusive use of glycolysis, whereas M2 macrophages up-regulate oxidative phosphorylation (OXPHOS). Here, we demonstrate that activation with IL-4 and IL-13 counterintuitively induces protective innate memory against mycobacterial challenge. In human and murine models, prior activation with IL-4/13 enhances pro-inflammatory cytokine secretion in response to a secondary stimulation with mycobacterial ligands. In our murine model, enhanced killing capacity is also demonstrated. Despite this switch in phenotype, IL-4/13 trained murine macrophages do not demonstrate M1-typical metabolism, instead retaining heightened use of OXPHOS. Moreover, inhibition of OXPHOS with oligomycin, 2-deoxy glucose or BPTES all impeded heightened pro-inflammatory cytokine responses from IL-4/13 trained macrophages. Lastly, this work identifies that IL-10 attenuates protective IL-4/13 training, impeding pro-inflammatory and bactericidal mechanisms. In summary, this work provides new and unexpected insight into alternative macrophage activation states in the context of mycobacterial infection.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mimmi LE Lundahl
- School of Biochemistry and Immunology, Adjuvant Research Group, Trinity Biomedical Sciences Institute, Trinity College DublinDublinIreland,School of Chemistry, Scanlan Research Group, Trinity Biomedical Sciences Institute, Trinity College DublinDublinIreland
| | - Morgane Mitermite
- School of Veterinary Medicine, UCD Veterinary Sciences Centre, University College DublinDublinIreland
| | - Dylan Gerard Ryan
- School of Biochemistry and Immunology, Inflammation Research Group, Trinity Biomedical Sciences Institute, Trinity College DublinDublinIreland,Hutchison/MRC Research centre, MRC Cancer Unit, University of CambridgeCambridgeUnited Kingdom
| | - Sarah Case
- School of Biochemistry and Immunology, Macrophage Homeostasis Group, Trinity Biomedical Sciences Institute, Trinity College DublinDublinIreland
| | - Niamh C Williams
- School of Biochemistry and Immunology, Inflammation Research Group, Trinity Biomedical Sciences Institute, Trinity College DublinDublinIreland
| | - Ming Yang
- Hutchison/MRC Research centre, MRC Cancer Unit, University of CambridgeCambridgeUnited Kingdom
| | - Roisin I Lynch
- School of Biochemistry and Immunology, Adjuvant Research Group, Trinity Biomedical Sciences Institute, Trinity College DublinDublinIreland
| | - Eimear Lagan
- School of Genetics and Microbiology, Department of Genetics, Trinity College DublinDublinIreland
| | - Filipa M Lebre
- School of Biochemistry and Immunology, Adjuvant Research Group, Trinity Biomedical Sciences Institute, Trinity College DublinDublinIreland
| | - Aoife L Gorman
- School of Biochemistry and Immunology, Adjuvant Research Group, Trinity Biomedical Sciences Institute, Trinity College DublinDublinIreland
| | - Bojan Stojkovic
- School of Veterinary Medicine, UCD Veterinary Sciences Centre, University College DublinDublinIreland
| | - Adrian P Bracken
- School of Genetics and Microbiology, Department of Genetics, Trinity College DublinDublinIreland
| | - Christian Frezza
- Hutchison/MRC Research centre, MRC Cancer Unit, University of CambridgeCambridgeUnited Kingdom
| | - Frederick J Sheedy
- School of Biochemistry and Immunology, Macrophage Homeostasis Group, Trinity Biomedical Sciences Institute, Trinity College DublinDublinIreland
| | - Eoin M Scanlan
- School of Chemistry, Scanlan Research Group, Trinity Biomedical Sciences Institute, Trinity College DublinDublinIreland
| | - Luke AJ O'Neill
- School of Biochemistry and Immunology, Inflammation Research Group, Trinity Biomedical Sciences Institute, Trinity College DublinDublinIreland
| | - Stephen V Gordon
- School of Veterinary Medicine, UCD Veterinary Sciences Centre, University College DublinDublinIreland
| | - Ed C Lavelle
- School of Biochemistry and Immunology, Adjuvant Research Group, Trinity Biomedical Sciences Institute, Trinity College DublinDublinIreland
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9
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Martin H, Lázaro LR, Gunnlaugsson T, Scanlan EM. Glycosidase activated prodrugs for targeted cancer therapy. Chem Soc Rev 2022; 51:9694-9716. [DOI: 10.1039/d2cs00379a] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/11/2022]
Abstract
In this review glycosidase activated prodrugs that target cancer cells are discussed.
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Affiliation(s)
- Harlei Martin
- School of Chemistry and Trinity Bioscience Institute, The University of Dublin, Trinity College Dublin, Dublin 2, Ireland
| | - Laura Ramírez Lázaro
- School of Chemistry and Trinity Bioscience Institute, The University of Dublin, Trinity College Dublin, Dublin 2, Ireland
- SFI Synthesis and Solid State Pharmaceutical Centre (SSPC), Ireland
| | - Thorfinnur Gunnlaugsson
- School of Chemistry and Trinity Bioscience Institute, The University of Dublin, Trinity College Dublin, Dublin 2, Ireland
- SFI Synthesis and Solid State Pharmaceutical Centre (SSPC), Ireland
| | - Eoin M. Scanlan
- School of Chemistry and Trinity Bioscience Institute, The University of Dublin, Trinity College Dublin, Dublin 2, Ireland
- SFI Synthesis and Solid State Pharmaceutical Centre (SSPC), Ireland
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10
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Calatrava-Pérez E, Marchetti LA, McManus GJ, Lynch DM, Elmes RBP, Williams DC, Gunnlaugsson T, Scanlan EM. Real-Time Multi-Photon Tracking and Bioimaging of Glycosylated Theranostic Prodrugs upon Specific Enzyme Triggered Release. Chemistry 2021; 28:e202103858. [PMID: 34820925 DOI: 10.1002/chem.202103858] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/26/2021] [Indexed: 01/22/2023]
Abstract
Real-time tracking of prodrug uptake, delivery and activation in vivo represents a major challenge for prodrug development. Herein, we demonstrate the use of novel glycosylated theranostics of the cancer pharmacophore Amonafide in highly-selective, enzymatic triggered release. We show that the use of endogenous enzymes for activated release of the therapeutic component can be observed, in real time, and monitored using one and two-photon bioimaging, offering unique insight into the prodrug pharmacokinetic profile. Furthermore, we demonstrate that the potent cytotoxicity of Amonafide is preserved using this targeted approach.
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Affiliation(s)
- Elena Calatrava-Pérez
- School of Chemistry Trinity Biomedical Sciences Institute (TBSI) Trinity College Dublin, The University of Dublin, D02 R590, Dublin 2, Ireland
| | - Luke A Marchetti
- Chemistry Department, Science Building Maynooth University, National University of Ireland, Maynooth, Co. Kildare, Ireland.,Maynooth University Human Health Research Institute Maynooth University, National University of Ireland, Maynooth, Co. Kildare, Ireland
| | - Gavin J McManus
- School of Biochemistry and Immunology and Trinity Biomedical Sciences Institute (TBSI) Trinity College Dublin, The University of Dublin, D02 R590, Dublin 2, Ireland
| | - Dylan M Lynch
- School of Chemistry Trinity Biomedical Sciences Institute (TBSI) Trinity College Dublin, The University of Dublin, D02 R590, Dublin 2, Ireland
| | - Robert B P Elmes
- Chemistry Department, Science Building Maynooth University, National University of Ireland, Maynooth, Co. Kildare, Ireland.,Maynooth University Human Health Research Institute Maynooth University, National University of Ireland, Maynooth, Co. Kildare, Ireland
| | - D Clive Williams
- School of Biochemistry and Immunology and Trinity Biomedical Sciences Institute (TBSI) Trinity College Dublin, The University of Dublin, D02 R590, Dublin 2, Ireland
| | - Thorfinnur Gunnlaugsson
- School of Chemistry Trinity Biomedical Sciences Institute (TBSI) Trinity College Dublin, The University of Dublin, D02 R590, Dublin 2, Ireland
| | - Eoin M Scanlan
- School of Chemistry Trinity Biomedical Sciences Institute (TBSI) Trinity College Dublin, The University of Dublin, D02 R590, Dublin 2, Ireland
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11
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McCourt RO, Scanlan EM. Radical‐Mediated Approaches for the Synthesis of Thiolactones. European J Org Chem 2021. [DOI: 10.1002/ejoc.202100996] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/08/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Ruairí O. McCourt
- Department School of Chemistry Trinity Biomedical Sciences Institute (TBSI) The University of Dublin Dublin 2 Ireland
| | - Eoin M. Scanlan
- Department School of Chemistry Trinity Biomedical Sciences Institute (TBSI) The University of Dublin Dublin 2 Ireland
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12
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Abstract
Nature harnesses the unique properties of cysteinyl radical intermediates for a diverse range of essential biological transformations including DNA biosynthesis and repair, metabolism, and biological photochemistry. In parallel, the synthetic accessibility and redox chemistry of cysteinyl radicals renders them versatile reactive intermediates for use in a vast array of synthetic applications such as lipidation, glycosylation and fluorescent labelling of proteins, peptide macrocyclization and stapling, desulfurisation of peptides and proteins, and development of novel therapeutics. This review provides the reader with an overview of the role of cysteinyl radical intermediates in both chemical synthesis and biological systems, with a critical focus on mechanistic details. Direct insights from biological systems, where applied to chemical synthesis, are highlighted and potential avenues from nature which are yet to be explored synthetically are presented.
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Affiliation(s)
- Joshua T McLean
- Trinity Biomedical Sciences Institute, Trinity College Dublin, The University of Dublin, 152-160 Pearse St., Dublin, D02 R590, Ireland.
| | - Alby Benny
- Trinity Biomedical Sciences Institute, Trinity College Dublin, The University of Dublin, 152-160 Pearse St., Dublin, D02 R590, Ireland.
| | - Mark D Nolan
- Trinity Biomedical Sciences Institute, Trinity College Dublin, The University of Dublin, 152-160 Pearse St., Dublin, D02 R590, Ireland.
| | - Glenna Swinand
- Trinity Biomedical Sciences Institute, Trinity College Dublin, The University of Dublin, 152-160 Pearse St., Dublin, D02 R590, Ireland.
| | - Eoin M Scanlan
- Trinity Biomedical Sciences Institute, Trinity College Dublin, The University of Dublin, 152-160 Pearse St., Dublin, D02 R590, Ireland.
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13
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McLean JT, Milbeo P, Lynch DM, McSweeney L, Scanlan EM. Radical‐Mediated Acyl Thiol‐Ene Reaction for Rapid Synthesis of Biomolecular Thioester Derivatives. European J Org Chem 2021. [DOI: 10.1002/ejoc.202100615] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/09/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Joshua T. McLean
- School of Chemistry Trinity College Dublin The University of Dublin College Green Dublin 2 Ireland
| | - Pierre Milbeo
- School of Chemistry Trinity College Dublin The University of Dublin College Green Dublin 2 Ireland
| | - Dylan M. Lynch
- School of Chemistry Trinity College Dublin The University of Dublin College Green Dublin 2 Ireland
| | - Lauren McSweeney
- School of Chemistry Trinity College Dublin The University of Dublin College Green Dublin 2 Ireland
| | - Eoin M. Scanlan
- School of Chemistry Trinity College Dublin The University of Dublin College Green Dublin 2 Ireland
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14
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Iannaci A, Myles A, Philippon T, Barrière F, Scanlan EM, Colavita PE. Controlling the Carbon-Bio Interface via Glycan Functional Adlayers for Applications in Microbial Fuel Cell Bioanodes. Molecules 2021; 26:4755. [PMID: 34443344 PMCID: PMC8400688 DOI: 10.3390/molecules26164755] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/07/2021] [Revised: 07/30/2021] [Accepted: 08/03/2021] [Indexed: 11/17/2022] Open
Abstract
Surface modification of electrodes with glycans was investigated as a strategy for modulating the development of electrocatalytic biofilms for microbial fuel cell applications. Covalent attachment of phenyl-mannoside and phenyl-lactoside adlayers on graphite rod electrodes was achieved via electrochemically assisted grafting of aryldiazonium cations from solution. To test the effects of the specific bio-functionalities, modified and unmodified graphite rods were used as anodes in two-chamber microbial fuel cell devices. Devices were set up with wastewater as inoculum and acetate as nutrient and their performance, in terms of output potential (open circuit and 1 kΩ load) and peak power output, was monitored over two months. The presence of glycans was found to lead to significant differences in startup times and peak power outputs. Lactosides were found to inhibit the development of biofilms when compared to bare graphite. Mannosides were found, instead, to promote exoelectrogenic biofilm adhesion and anode colonization, a finding that is supported by quartz crystal microbalance experiments in inoculum media. These differences were observed despite both adlayers possessing thickness in the nm range and similar hydrophilic character. This suggests that specific glycan-mediated bioaffinity interactions can be leveraged to direct the development of biotic electrocatalysts in bioelectrochemical systems and microbial fuel cell devices.
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Affiliation(s)
- Alessandro Iannaci
- School of Chemistry, CRANN and AMBER Research Centres, Trinity College Dublin, College Green, Dublin 2, Ireland; (A.I.); (A.M.)
| | - Adam Myles
- School of Chemistry, CRANN and AMBER Research Centres, Trinity College Dublin, College Green, Dublin 2, Ireland; (A.I.); (A.M.)
| | - Timothé Philippon
- Institut des Sciences Chimiques de Rennes-UMR 6226, CNRS, Univ Rennes, F-35000 Rennes, France;
| | - Frédéric Barrière
- Institut des Sciences Chimiques de Rennes-UMR 6226, CNRS, Univ Rennes, F-35000 Rennes, France;
| | - Eoin M. Scanlan
- School of Chemistry, CRANN and AMBER Research Centres, Trinity College Dublin, College Green, Dublin 2, Ireland; (A.I.); (A.M.)
| | - Paula E. Colavita
- School of Chemistry, CRANN and AMBER Research Centres, Trinity College Dublin, College Green, Dublin 2, Ireland; (A.I.); (A.M.)
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15
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Lundahl MLE, Fogli S, Colavita PE, Scanlan EM. Aggregation of protein therapeutics enhances their immunogenicity: causes and mitigation strategies. RSC Chem Biol 2021; 2:1004-1020. [PMID: 34458822 PMCID: PMC8341748 DOI: 10.1039/d1cb00067e] [Citation(s) in RCA: 41] [Impact Index Per Article: 13.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/29/2021] [Accepted: 05/04/2021] [Indexed: 12/25/2022] Open
Abstract
Protein aggregation in biotherapeutics has been identified to increase immunogenicity, leading to immune-mediated adverse effects, such as severe allergic responses including anaphylaxis. The induction of anti-drug antibodies (ADAs) moreover enhances drug clearance rates, and can directly block therapeutic function. In this review, identified immune activation mechanisms triggered by protein aggregates are discussed, as well as physicochemical properties of aggregates, such as size and shape, which contribute to immunogenicity. Furthermore, factors which contribute to protein stability and aggregation are considered. Lastly, with these factors in mind, we encourage an innovative and multidisciplinary approach with regard to further research in the field, with the overall aim to avoid immunogenic aggregation in future drug development.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mimmi L E Lundahl
- School of Biochemistry and Immunology, Trinity Biomedical Sciences Institute, Trinity College Dublin Dublin 2 Ireland
| | - Silvia Fogli
- Glycome Biopharma, Unit 4, Joyce House, Barrack Square, Ballincollig Co Cork P31 HW35 Ireland
| | - Paula E Colavita
- School of Chemistry and Trinity Biomedical Sciences Institute, Trinity College Dublin Dublin 2 Ireland
| | - Eoin M Scanlan
- School of Chemistry and Trinity Biomedical Sciences Institute, Trinity College Dublin Dublin 2 Ireland
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16
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Olatunji S, Bowen K, Huang CY, Weichert D, Singh W, Tikhonova IG, Scanlan EM, Olieric V, Caffrey M. Structural basis of the membrane intramolecular transacylase reaction responsible for lyso-form lipoprotein synthesis. Nat Commun 2021; 12:4254. [PMID: 34253723 PMCID: PMC8275575 DOI: 10.1038/s41467-021-24475-0] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/21/2021] [Accepted: 06/08/2021] [Indexed: 11/08/2022] Open
Abstract
Lipoproteins serve diverse functions in the bacterial cell and some are essential for survival. Some lipoproteins are adjuvants eliciting responses from the innate immune system of the host. The growing list of membrane enzymes responsible for lipoprotein synthesis includes the recently discovered lipoprotein intramolecular transacylase, Lit. Lit creates a lipoprotein that is less immunogenic, possibly enabling the bacteria to gain a foothold in the host by stealth. Here, we report the crystal structure of the Lit enzyme from Bacillus cereus and describe its mechanism of action. Lit consists of four transmembrane helices with an extracellular cap. Conserved residues map to the cap-membrane interface. They include two catalytic histidines that function to effect unimolecular transacylation. The reaction involves acyl transfer from the sn-2 position of the glyceryl moiety to the amino group on the N-terminal cysteine of the substrate via an 8-membered ring intermediate. Transacylation takes place in a confined aromatic residue-rich environment that likely evolved to bring distant moieties on the substrate into proximity and proper orientation for catalysis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Samir Olatunji
- Membrane Structural and Functional Biology Group, School of Medicine and School of Biochemistry and Immunology, Trinity College Dublin, Dublin, Ireland
| | - Katherine Bowen
- School of Chemistry, Trinity College Dublin, Dublin, Ireland
| | - Chia-Ying Huang
- Swiss Light Source, Paul Scherrer Institute, Villigen, Switzerland
| | - Dietmar Weichert
- Membrane Structural and Functional Biology Group, School of Medicine and School of Biochemistry and Immunology, Trinity College Dublin, Dublin, Ireland
| | - Warispreet Singh
- School of Pharmacy, Queen's University Belfast, Belfast, United Kingdom
- Faculty of Health and Life Sciences, Northumbria University, Newcastle upon Tyne, United Kingdom
- Hub for Biotechnology in Build Environment, Newcastle upon Tyne, United Kingdom
| | - Irina G Tikhonova
- School of Pharmacy, Queen's University Belfast, Belfast, United Kingdom
| | - Eoin M Scanlan
- School of Chemistry, Trinity College Dublin, Dublin, Ireland
| | - Vincent Olieric
- Swiss Light Source, Paul Scherrer Institute, Villigen, Switzerland
| | - Martin Caffrey
- Membrane Structural and Functional Biology Group, School of Medicine and School of Biochemistry and Immunology, Trinity College Dublin, Dublin, Ireland.
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17
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McCourt RO, Scanlan EM. Atmospheric Oxygen Mediated Radical Hydrothiolation of Alkenes. Chemistry 2020; 26:15804-15810. [DOI: 10.1002/chem.202002542] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/25/2020] [Revised: 06/08/2020] [Indexed: 11/11/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Ruairí O. McCourt
- School of Chemistry Trinity Biomedical Sciences Institute (TBSI) Trinity College Dublin The University of Dublin Dublin 2 Ireland
| | - Eoin M. Scanlan
- School of Chemistry Trinity Biomedical Sciences Institute (TBSI) Trinity College Dublin The University of Dublin Dublin 2 Ireland
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18
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Abstract
Radical thiol-ene chemistry has been demonstrated for a range of applications in peptide science, including macrocyclization, glycosylation and lipidation amongst a myriad of others. The thiol-ene reaction offers a number of advantages in this area, primarily those characteristic of "click" reactions. This provides a chemical approach to peptide modification that is compatible with aqueous conditions with high orthogonality and functional group tolerance. Additionally, the use of a chemical approach for peptide modification affords homogeneous peptides, compared to heterogeneous mixtures often obtained through biological methods. In addition to peptide modification, thiol-ene chemistry has been applied in novel approaches to biological studies through synthesis of mimetics and use in development of probes. This review will cover the range of applications of the radical-mediated thiol-ene reaction in peptide and protein science.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mark D Nolan
- School of Chemistry, Trinity College Dublin, Trinity Biomedical Sciences Institute, Dublin, Ireland
| | - Eoin M Scanlan
- School of Chemistry, Trinity College Dublin, Trinity Biomedical Sciences Institute, Dublin, Ireland
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19
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Lundahl M, Lynch DM, Barnes D, McSweeney L, Gorman A, Lebre F, Gordon SV, Lavelle EC, Scanlan EM. Mycobacterial para-Hydroxybenzoic Acid-Derivatives ( pHBADs) and Related Structures Induce Macrophage Innate Memory. ACS Chem Biol 2020; 15:2415-2421. [PMID: 32786261 DOI: 10.1021/acschembio.0c00378] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/29/2022]
Abstract
Macrophages are key immune cells for combatting Mycobacterium tuberculosis. However, M. tuberculosis possesses means to evade macrophage bactericidal responses by, for instance, secretion of the immunomodulatory para-hydroxybenzoic acid derivatives (pHBADs). While these molecules have been implicated in inhibiting macrophage responses in an acute context, little is known about their ability to reprogram macrophages via induction of long-term innate memory. Since innate memory has been highlighted as a promising strategy to augment bactericidal immune responses against M. tuberculosis, investigating corresponding immune evasion mechanisms is highly relevant. Our results reveal for the first time that pHBAD I and related molecules (unmethylated pHBAD I and the hexose l-rhamnose) reduce macrophage bactericidal mechanisms in both the short- and the long-term. Moreover, we demonstrate how methyl-p-anisate hinders bactericidal responses soon after exposure yet results in enhanced pro-inflammatory responses in the long-term. This work highlights new roles for these compounds in M. tuberculosis pathogenesis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mimmi Lundahl
- School of Chemistry and Trinity Biomedical Sciences Institute, Trinity College, Pearse St, D02 R590 Dublin 2, Ireland
- Adjuvant Research Group, School of Biochemistry and Immunology, Trinity Biomedical Sciences Institute, Trinity College Dublin, D02 R590 Dublin 2, Ireland
| | - Dylan M. Lynch
- School of Chemistry and Trinity Biomedical Sciences Institute, Trinity College, Pearse St, D02 R590 Dublin 2, Ireland
| | - Danielle Barnes
- School of Chemistry and Trinity Biomedical Sciences Institute, Trinity College, Pearse St, D02 R590 Dublin 2, Ireland
| | - Lauren McSweeney
- School of Chemistry and Trinity Biomedical Sciences Institute, Trinity College, Pearse St, D02 R590 Dublin 2, Ireland
| | - Aoife Gorman
- Adjuvant Research Group, School of Biochemistry and Immunology, Trinity Biomedical Sciences Institute, Trinity College Dublin, D02 R590 Dublin 2, Ireland
| | - Filipa Lebre
- Adjuvant Research Group, School of Biochemistry and Immunology, Trinity Biomedical Sciences Institute, Trinity College Dublin, D02 R590 Dublin 2, Ireland
| | - Stephen V. Gordon
- UCD School of Veterinary Medicine, University College Dublin, D02 R590 Dublin, Ireland
| | - Ed C. Lavelle
- Adjuvant Research Group, School of Biochemistry and Immunology, Trinity Biomedical Sciences Institute, Trinity College Dublin, D02 R590 Dublin 2, Ireland
| | - Eoin M. Scanlan
- School of Chemistry and Trinity Biomedical Sciences Institute, Trinity College, Pearse St, D02 R590 Dublin 2, Ireland
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20
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Lynch DM, Scanlan EM. Thiyl Radicals: Versatile Reactive Intermediates for Cyclization of Unsaturated Substrates. Molecules 2020; 25:E3094. [PMID: 32646036 PMCID: PMC7412111 DOI: 10.3390/molecules25133094] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/15/2020] [Revised: 06/30/2020] [Accepted: 07/02/2020] [Indexed: 01/11/2023] Open
Abstract
Sulfur centered radicals are widely employed in chemical synthesis, in particular for alkene and alkyne hydrothiolation towards thioether bioconjugates. The steadfast radical chain process that enables efficient hydrothiolation has been explored in the context of cascade reactions to furnish complex molecular architectures. The use of thiyl radicals offers a much cheaper and less toxic alternative to the archetypal organotin-based radical methods. This review outlines the development of thiyl radicals as reactive intermediates for initiating carbocyclization cascades. Key developments in cascade cyclization methodology are presented and applications for natural product synthesis are discussed. The review provides a chronological account of the field, beginning in the early seventies up to very recent examples; a span of almost 50 years.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Eoin M. Scanlan
- School of Chemistry and Trinity Biomedical Sciences Institute (TBSI), Trinity College Dublin, The University of Dublin, Dublin 2, Ireland;
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21
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Olatunji S, Yu X, Bailey J, Huang CY, Zapotoczna M, Bowen K, Remškar M, Müller R, Scanlan EM, Geoghegan JA, Olieric V, Caffrey M. Structures of lipoprotein signal peptidase II from Staphylococcus aureus complexed with antibiotics globomycin and myxovirescin. Nat Commun 2020; 11:140. [PMID: 31919415 PMCID: PMC6952399 DOI: 10.1038/s41467-019-13724-y] [Citation(s) in RCA: 22] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/30/2019] [Accepted: 11/20/2019] [Indexed: 01/22/2023] Open
Abstract
Antimicrobial resistance is a major global threat that calls for new antibiotics. Globomycin and myxovirescin are two natural antibiotics that target the lipoprotein-processing enzyme, LspA, thereby compromising the integrity of the bacterial cell envelope. As part of a project aimed at understanding their mechanism of action and for drug development, we provide high-resolution crystal structures of the enzyme from the human pathogen methicillin-resistant Staphylococcus aureus (MRSA) complexed with globomycin and with myxovirescin. Our results reveal an instance of convergent evolution. The two antibiotics possess different molecular structures. Yet, they appear to inhibit identically as non-cleavable tetrahedral intermediate analogs. Remarkably, the two antibiotics superpose along nineteen contiguous atoms that interact similarly with LspA. This 19-atom motif recapitulates a part of the substrate lipoprotein in its proposed binding mode. Incorporating this motif into a scaffold with suitable pharmacokinetic properties should enable the development of effective antibiotics with built-in resistance hardiness. The enzyme LspA from the human pathogen Staphylococcus aureus (MRSA) contributes to the integrity and function of the bacterial cell envelope. Here, authors provide crystal structures of LspA in complex with two natural antibiotics, which have profoundly different structures but inhibit LspA in an identical way.
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Affiliation(s)
- Samir Olatunji
- Membrane Structural and Functional Biology Group, School of Medicine and School of Biochemistry and Immunology, Trinity College Dublin, Dublin, D02 R590, Ireland
| | - Xiaoxiao Yu
- Membrane Structural and Functional Biology Group, School of Medicine and School of Biochemistry and Immunology, Trinity College Dublin, Dublin, D02 R590, Ireland
| | - Jonathan Bailey
- Membrane Structural and Functional Biology Group, School of Medicine and School of Biochemistry and Immunology, Trinity College Dublin, Dublin, D02 R590, Ireland
| | - Chia-Ying Huang
- Swiss Light Source, Paul Scherrer Institute, CH-5232, Villigen, Switzerland
| | - Marta Zapotoczna
- Moyne Institute of Preventive Medicine, Department of Microbiology, School of Genetics and Microbiology, Trinity College Dublin, Dublin, D02, Ireland
| | - Katherine Bowen
- School of Chemistry, Trinity College Dublin, Dublin, D02 R590, Ireland
| | - Maja Remškar
- Department Microbial Natural Products, Helmholtz-Institute for Pharmaceutical Research Saarland, Helmholtz Centre for Infection Research and Department of Pharmacy, Saarland University Campus E8 1, D-66123, Saarbrücken, Germany
| | - Rolf Müller
- Department Microbial Natural Products, Helmholtz-Institute for Pharmaceutical Research Saarland, Helmholtz Centre for Infection Research and Department of Pharmacy, Saarland University Campus E8 1, D-66123, Saarbrücken, Germany
| | - Eoin M Scanlan
- School of Chemistry, Trinity College Dublin, Dublin, D02 R590, Ireland
| | - Joan A Geoghegan
- Moyne Institute of Preventive Medicine, Department of Microbiology, School of Genetics and Microbiology, Trinity College Dublin, Dublin, D02, Ireland
| | - Vincent Olieric
- Swiss Light Source, Paul Scherrer Institute, CH-5232, Villigen, Switzerland
| | - Martin Caffrey
- Membrane Structural and Functional Biology Group, School of Medicine and School of Biochemistry and Immunology, Trinity College Dublin, Dublin, D02 R590, Ireland.
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22
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Singh M, Watkinson M, Scanlan EM, Miller GJ. Illuminating glycoscience: synthetic strategies for FRET-enabled carbohydrate active enzyme probes. RSC Chem Biol 2020. [DOI: 10.1039/d0cb00134a] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/21/2022] Open
Abstract
Carbohydrates are synthesised, refined and degraded by carbohydrate active enzymes. FRET is emerging as a powerful tool to monitor and quantify their activity as well as to test inhibitors as new drug candidates and monitor disease.
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Affiliation(s)
- Meenakshi Singh
- Lennard-Jones Laboratories
- School of Chemical and Physical Sciences
- Keele University
- Staffordshire
- UK
| | - Michael Watkinson
- Lennard-Jones Laboratories
- School of Chemical and Physical Sciences
- Keele University
- Staffordshire
- UK
| | - Eoin M. Scanlan
- School of Chemistry and Trinity Biomedical Sciences Institute
- Trinity College Dublin
- Dublin 2
- Ireland
| | - Gavin J. Miller
- Lennard-Jones Laboratories
- School of Chemical and Physical Sciences
- Keele University
- Staffordshire
- UK
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23
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Calatrava-Pérez E, Acherman S, Stricker L, McManus G, Delente J, Lynes AD, Henwood AF, Lovitt JI, Hawes CS, Byrne K, Schmitt W, Kotova O, Gunnlaugsson T, Scanlan EM. Fluorescent supramolecular hierarchical self-assemblies from glycosylated 4-amino- and 4-bromo-1,8-naphthalimides. Org Biomol Chem 2020; 18:3475-3480. [DOI: 10.1039/d0ob00033g] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/22/2022]
Abstract
The investigation into the self-assembly formation of the glycan based 4-amino- and 4-bromo-1,8-naphthalimide (Nap) structures1–3is presented.
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24
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Affiliation(s)
- Ruairí McCourt
- Trinity Biomedical Sciences Institute (TBSI), Trinity College DublinThe University of Dublin, Dublin 2 Ireland
| | - Eoin M. Scanlan
- Trinity Biomedical Sciences Institute (TBSI), Trinity College DublinThe University of Dublin, Dublin 2 Ireland
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25
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Doherty W, Dürr EM, Baddock HT, Lee SY, McHugh PJ, Brown T, Senge MO, Scanlan EM, McGouran JF. A hydroxamic-acid-containing nucleoside inhibits DNA repair nuclease SNM1A. Org Biomol Chem 2019; 17:8094-8105. [PMID: 31380542 PMCID: PMC6984127 DOI: 10.1039/c9ob01133a] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/15/2019] [Accepted: 06/12/2019] [Indexed: 12/29/2022]
Abstract
Nine modified nucleosides, incorporating zinc-binding pharmacophores, have been synthesised and evaluated as inhibitors of the DNA repair nuclease SNM1A. The series included oxyamides, hydroxamic acids, hydroxamates, a hydrazide, a squarate ester and a squaramide. A hydroxamic acid-derived nucleoside inhibited the enzyme, offering a novel approach for potential therapeutic development through the use of rationally designed nucleoside derived inhibitors.
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Affiliation(s)
- William Doherty
- School of Chemistry and Trinity Biomedical Sciences Institute, Trinity College Dublin, 152-160 Pearse St, Dublin 2, Ireland.
| | - Eva-Maria Dürr
- School of Chemistry and Trinity Biomedical Sciences Institute, Trinity College Dublin, 152-160 Pearse St, Dublin 2, Ireland.
| | - Hannah T Baddock
- Department of Oncology, MRC Weatherall Institute of Molecular Medicine, University of Oxford, John Radcliffe Hospital, Oxford OX3 9DS, UK
| | - Sook Y Lee
- Department of Oncology, MRC Weatherall Institute of Molecular Medicine, University of Oxford, John Radcliffe Hospital, Oxford OX3 9DS, UK and Department of Chemistry, University of Oxford, 12 Mansfield Road, Oxford OX1 3TA, UK
| | - Peter J McHugh
- Department of Oncology, MRC Weatherall Institute of Molecular Medicine, University of Oxford, John Radcliffe Hospital, Oxford OX3 9DS, UK
| | - Tom Brown
- Department of Chemistry, University of Oxford, 12 Mansfield Road, Oxford OX1 3TA, UK
| | - Mathias O Senge
- Molecular Medicine, Trinity Translational Medicine Institute, Trinity Centre for Health Sciences, Trinity College Dublin, The University of Dublin, St James's Hospital, Dublin 8, Ireland
| | - Eoin M Scanlan
- School of Chemistry and Trinity Biomedical Sciences Institute, Trinity College Dublin, 152-160 Pearse St, Dublin 2, Ireland.
| | - Joanna F McGouran
- School of Chemistry and Trinity Biomedical Sciences Institute, Trinity College Dublin, 152-160 Pearse St, Dublin 2, Ireland.
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26
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Abstract
A novel strategy for the synthesis of δ-thiolactones from inexpensive and readily available γ-unsaturated esters has been developed. This strategy incorporates a radical acyl thiol-ene reaction as the key C-S bond forming step. Cyclization is achieved via a Steglich-type thiolactonization of 5-mercaptopentanoic acids. We report the facile and scalable synthesis of δ-thiolactones in moderate to good yield under mild reaction conditions with tolerance for a range of functional groups.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ruairí O McCourt
- Trinity Biomedical Sciences Institute (TBSI) , Trinity College Dublin, The University of Dublin , Dublin 2, Ireland
| | - Eoin M Scanlan
- Trinity Biomedical Sciences Institute (TBSI) , Trinity College Dublin, The University of Dublin , Dublin 2, Ireland
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27
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Petracca R, Bowen KA, McSweeney L, O'Flaherty S, Genna V, Twamley B, Devocelle M, Scanlan EM. Chemoselective Synthesis of N-Terminal Cysteinyl Thioesters via β,γ-C,S Thiol-Michael Addition. Org Lett 2019; 21:3281-3285. [PMID: 31017793 DOI: 10.1021/acs.orglett.9b01013] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/29/2022]
Abstract
Dehydroalanine (ΔAla) is a highly electrophilic residue that can react efficiently with sulfur nucleophiles to furnish cysteinyl analogues. Herein, we report an efficient synthesis of N-terminal cysteinyl thioesters, suitable for S, N-acyl transfer, based on β,γ-C,S thiol-Michael addition. Both ionic and radical-based methodologies were found to be efficient for this process.
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Affiliation(s)
- Rita Petracca
- School of Chemistry and Trinity Biomedical Sciences Institute (TBSI) , Trinity College Dublin, The University of Dublin , Dublin 2 , Ireland
| | - Katherine A Bowen
- School of Chemistry and Trinity Biomedical Sciences Institute (TBSI) , Trinity College Dublin, The University of Dublin , Dublin 2 , Ireland
| | - Lauren McSweeney
- School of Chemistry and Trinity Biomedical Sciences Institute (TBSI) , Trinity College Dublin, The University of Dublin , Dublin 2 , Ireland
| | - Siobhan O'Flaherty
- Department of Chemistry , Royal College of Surgeons in Ireland (RCSI) , Dublin , Ireland
| | - Vito Genna
- Institute for Research in Biomedicine (IRB Barcelona) , The Barcelona Institute of Science and Technology , Joint IRB-BSC Program in Computational Biology, Baldiri-Reixac 10-12 , 08028 Barcelona , Spain
| | - Brendan Twamley
- School of Chemistry and Trinity Biomedical Sciences Institute (TBSI) , Trinity College Dublin, The University of Dublin , Dublin 2 , Ireland
| | - Marc Devocelle
- Department of Chemistry , Royal College of Surgeons in Ireland (RCSI) , Dublin , Ireland
| | - Eoin M Scanlan
- School of Chemistry and Trinity Biomedical Sciences Institute (TBSI) , Trinity College Dublin, The University of Dublin , Dublin 2 , Ireland
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28
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Calatrava-Pérez E, Delente JM, Shanmugaraju S, Hawes CS, Williams CD, Gunnlaugsson T, Scanlan EM. Correction: Glycosylated naphthalimides and naphthalimide Tröger's bases as fluorescent aggregation probes for Con A. Org Biomol Chem 2019; 17:2287. [DOI: 10.1039/c9ob90017a] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/21/2022]
Abstract
Correction for ‘Glycosylated naphthalimides and naphthalimide Tröger's bases as fluorescent aggregation probes for Con A’ by Elena Calatrava-Pérez et al., Org. Biomol. Chem., 2019, DOI: 10.1039/c8ob02980f.
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Affiliation(s)
- Elena Calatrava-Pérez
- School of Chemistry and Trinity Biomedical Sciences Institute (TBSI)
- Trinity College Dublin
- The University of Dublin
- Dublin 2
- Ireland
| | - Jason M. Delente
- School of Chemistry and Trinity Biomedical Sciences Institute (TBSI)
- Trinity College Dublin
- The University of Dublin
- Dublin 2
- Ireland
| | - Sankarasekaran Shanmugaraju
- School of Chemistry and Trinity Biomedical Sciences Institute (TBSI)
- Trinity College Dublin
- The University of Dublin
- Dublin 2
- Ireland
| | - Chris S. Hawes
- School of Chemical and Physical Sciences
- Keele University
- Keele ST5 5BG
- UK
| | - Clive D. Williams
- School of Biochemistry and Immunology and Trinity Biomedical Sciences Institute (TBSI)
- Trinity College Dublin
- The University of Dublin
- Dublin 2
- Ireland
| | - Thorfinnur Gunnlaugsson
- School of Chemistry and Trinity Biomedical Sciences Institute (TBSI)
- Trinity College Dublin
- The University of Dublin
- Dublin 2
- Ireland
| | - Eoin M. Scanlan
- School of Chemistry and Trinity Biomedical Sciences Institute (TBSI)
- Trinity College Dublin
- The University of Dublin
- Dublin 2
- Ireland
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29
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Calatrava-Pérez E, Delente JM, Shanmugaraju S, Hawes CS, Williams CD, Gunnlaugsson T, Scanlan EM. Glycosylated naphthalimides and naphthalimide Tröger's bases as fluorescent aggregation probes for Con A. Org Biomol Chem 2019; 17:2116-2125. [DOI: 10.1039/c8ob02980f] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/21/2022]
Abstract
We report the synthesis of glycosylated naphthalimide compounds and their application as fluorescent probes for Concanavalin A (Con A) lectin.
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Affiliation(s)
- Elena Calatrava-Pérez
- School of Chemistry and Trinity Biomedical Sciences Institute (TBSI)
- Trinity College Dublin
- The University of Dublin
- Dublin 2
- Ireland
| | - Jason M. Delente
- School of Chemistry and Trinity Biomedical Sciences Institute (TBSI)
- Trinity College Dublin
- The University of Dublin
- Dublin 2
- Ireland
| | - Sankarasekaran Shanmugaraju
- School of Chemistry and Trinity Biomedical Sciences Institute (TBSI)
- Trinity College Dublin
- The University of Dublin
- Dublin 2
- Ireland
| | - Chris S. Hawes
- School of Chemical and Physical Sciences
- Keele University
- Keele ST5 5BG
- UK
| | - Clive D. Williams
- School of Biochemistry and Immunology and Trinity Biomedical Sciences Institute (TBSI)
- Trinity College Dublin
- The University of Dublin
- Dublin 2
- Ireland
| | - Thorfinnur Gunnlaugsson
- School of Chemistry and Trinity Biomedical Sciences Institute (TBSI)
- Trinity College Dublin
- The University of Dublin
- Dublin 2
- Ireland
| | - Eoin M. Scanlan
- School of Chemistry and Trinity Biomedical Sciences Institute (TBSI)
- Trinity College Dublin
- The University of Dublin
- Dublin 2
- Ireland
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30
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Myles A, Behan JA, Twamley B, Colavita PE, Scanlan EM. Spontaneous Aryldiazonium Grafting for the Preparation of Functional Cyclodextrin-Modified Materials. ACS Appl Bio Mater 2018; 1:825-832. [DOI: 10.1021/acsabm.8b00266] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/24/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Adam Myles
- School of Chemistry, Trinity College Dublin, College Green, Dublin 2, Ireland
| | - James A. Behan
- School of Chemistry, Trinity College Dublin, College Green, Dublin 2, Ireland
| | - Brendan Twamley
- School of Chemistry, Trinity College Dublin, College Green, Dublin 2, Ireland
| | - Paula E. Colavita
- School of Chemistry, Trinity College Dublin, College Green, Dublin 2, Ireland
- CRANN and AMBER Research Centres, Trinity College Dublin, College Green, Dublin 2, Ireland
| | - Eoin M. Scanlan
- School of Chemistry, Trinity College Dublin, College Green, Dublin 2, Ireland
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31
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McCourt RO, Dénès F, Sanchez-Sanz G, Scanlan EM. Rapid Access to Thiolactone Derivatives through Radical-Mediated Acyl Thiol–Ene and Acyl Thiol–Yne Cyclization. Org Lett 2018; 20:2948-2951. [DOI: 10.1021/acs.orglett.8b00996] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/29/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Ruairi O. McCourt
- Trinity Biomedical Sciences Institute (TBSI), Trinity College Dublin, The University of Dublin, Dublin 2, Ireland
| | - Fabrice Dénès
- Université de Nantes, CEISAM UMR CNRS 6230 UFR des Sciences et des Techniques -2 rue de la Houssinière, Nantes BP 92208-44322 Cedex 3, France
| | - Goar Sanchez-Sanz
- Irish Centre for High-End Computing, Floor 7, Tower Building, Trinity Technology & Enterprise Campus, Grand Canal Quay, Dublin 2, Ireland
| | - Eoin M. Scanlan
- Trinity Biomedical Sciences Institute (TBSI), Trinity College Dublin, The University of Dublin, Dublin 2, Ireland
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32
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McCourt RO, Dénès F, Scanlan EM. Radical-Mediated Reactions of α-Bromo Aluminium Thioacetals, α-Bromothioesters, and Xanthates for Thiolactone Synthesis. Molecules 2018; 23:molecules23040897. [PMID: 29652812 PMCID: PMC6017948 DOI: 10.3390/molecules23040897] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/09/2018] [Revised: 04/03/2018] [Accepted: 04/10/2018] [Indexed: 11/16/2022] Open
Abstract
Thiolactones have attracted considerable attention in recent years as bioactive natural products, lead compounds for drug discovery, molecular probes, and reagents for polymerisation. We have investigated radical-mediated C-C bond forming reactions as a strategy for thiolactone synthesis. Cyclisation of an α-bromo aluminium thioacetal was investigated under radical conditions. It was found that at low temperature, a radical fragmentation and rearrangement process occurs. A putative reaction mechanism involving a previously unreported aluminium templated thiol-ene step for the rearrangement process is presented. Cyclisation reactions of α-bromo thioesters and α-xanthate thioesters under radical mediated conditions furnished the desired thiolactones in moderate yields.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ruairí O McCourt
- School of Chemistry, Trinity Biomedical Sciences Institute (TBSI), Trinity College Dublin, The University of Dublin, 152-160 Pearse Street, Dublin 2, Ireland.
| | - Fabrice Dénès
- CEISAM UMR CNRS 6230, Université de Nantes, UFR des Sciences et des Techniques, 2 rue de la Houssinière, BP 92208, 44322 Nantes CEDEX 3, France.
| | - Eoin M Scanlan
- School of Chemistry, Trinity Biomedical Sciences Institute (TBSI), Trinity College Dublin, The University of Dublin, 152-160 Pearse Street, Dublin 2, Ireland.
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33
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Burke HM, Gunnlaugsson T, Scanlan EM. Glycosylated lanthanide cyclen complexes as luminescent probes for monitoring glycosidase enzyme activity. Org Biomol Chem 2018; 14:9133-9145. [PMID: 27722625 DOI: 10.1039/c6ob01712f] [Citation(s) in RCA: 17] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/29/2022]
Abstract
The development of synthetic chemical probes for the detection of enzymes is extremely important for biological, medicinal, and industrial applications. Here we report the synthesis of an array of novel glycosylated Tb(iii) complexes, their photophysical properties in solution, and their ability to function as luminescent probes for observing glycosidase enzyme activity in real time. Our initial studies into the application of these complexes for the detection of the Concanavalin A (ConA) lectin is also reported, highlighting the broad scope of these novel chemical probes.
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Affiliation(s)
- Helen M Burke
- School of Chemistry and Trinity Biomedical Sciences Institute (TBSI), Trinity College Dublin, The University of Dublin, Dublin 2, Ireland.
| | - Thorfinnur Gunnlaugsson
- School of Chemistry and Trinity Biomedical Sciences Institute (TBSI), Trinity College Dublin, The University of Dublin, Dublin 2, Ireland.
| | - Eoin M Scanlan
- School of Chemistry and Trinity Biomedical Sciences Institute (TBSI), Trinity College Dublin, The University of Dublin, Dublin 2, Ireland.
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34
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Lundahl MLE, Scanlan EM, Lavelle EC. Therapeutic potential of carbohydrates as regulators of macrophage activation. Biochem Pharmacol 2017; 146:23-41. [PMID: 28893617 DOI: 10.1016/j.bcp.2017.09.003] [Citation(s) in RCA: 24] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/04/2017] [Accepted: 09/06/2017] [Indexed: 02/06/2023]
Abstract
It is well established for a broad range of disease states, including cancer and Mycobacterium tuberculosis infection, that pathogenesis is bolstered by polarisation of macrophages towards an anti-inflammatory phenotype, known as M2. As these innate immune cells are relatively long-lived, their re-polarisation to pro-inflammatory, phagocytic and bactericidal "classically activated" M1 macrophages is an attractive therapeutic approach. On the other hand, there are scenarios where the resolving inflammation, wound healing and tissue remodelling properties of M2 macrophages are beneficial - for example the successful introduction of biomedical implants. Although there are numerous endogenous and exogenous factors that have an impact on the macrophage polarisation spectrum, this review will focus specifically on prominent macrophage-modulating carbohydrate motifs with a view towards highlighting structure-function relationships and therapeutic potential.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mimmi L E Lundahl
- Adjuvant Research Group, School of Biochemistry and Immunology, Trinity Biomedical Sciences Institute, Trinity College Dublin, D02 R590 Dublin 2, Ireland; School of Chemistry and Trinity Biomedical Sciences Institute, Trinity College, Pearse St, Dublin 2, Ireland
| | - Eoin M Scanlan
- School of Chemistry and Trinity Biomedical Sciences Institute, Trinity College, Pearse St, Dublin 2, Ireland
| | - Ed C Lavelle
- Adjuvant Research Group, School of Biochemistry and Immunology, Trinity Biomedical Sciences Institute, Trinity College Dublin, D02 R590 Dublin 2, Ireland.
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35
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Abstract
Tuberculosis is the leading infectious cause of mortality worldwide. The global epidemic, caused by Mycobacterium tuberculosis, has prompted renewed interest in the development of novel vaccines for disease prevention and control. The cell envelope of M. tuberculosis is decorated with an assortment of glycan structures, including glycolipids, that are involved in disease pathogenesis. Phenolic glycolipids and the structurally related para-hydroxybenzoic acid derivatives display potent immunomodulatory activities and have particular relevance for both understanding the interaction of the bacterium with the host immune system and also in the design of new vaccine and therapeutic candidates. Interest in glycobiology has grown exponentially over the past decade, with advancements paving the way for effective carbohydrate based vaccines. This review highlights recent advances in our understanding of phenolic glycans, including their biosynthesis and role as virulence factors in M. tuberculosis. Recent chemical synthesis approaches and biochemical analysis of synthetic glycans and their conjugates have led to fundamental insights into their roles in host-pathogen interactions. The applications of these synthetic glycans as potential vaccine candidates are discussed.
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Affiliation(s)
- Danielle D. Barnes
- School of Chemistry
and Trinity Biomedical Sciences Institute, Trinity College, Pearse
St., Dublin 2, Ireland
| | - Mimmi L. E. Lundahl
- School of Chemistry
and Trinity Biomedical Sciences Institute, Trinity College, Pearse
St., Dublin 2, Ireland
- Adjuvant Research Group, School of Biochemistry and Immunology, Trinity
Biomedical Sciences Institute, Trinity College Dublin, D02 R590, Dublin 2, Ireland
| | - Ed C. Lavelle
- Adjuvant Research Group, School of Biochemistry and Immunology, Trinity
Biomedical Sciences Institute, Trinity College Dublin, D02 R590, Dublin 2, Ireland
| | - Eoin M. Scanlan
- School of Chemistry
and Trinity Biomedical Sciences Institute, Trinity College, Pearse
St., Dublin 2, Ireland
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36
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Burke HM, McSweeney L, Scanlan EM. Exploring chemoselective S-to-N acyl transfer reactions in synthesis and chemical biology. Nat Commun 2017; 8:15655. [PMID: 28537277 PMCID: PMC5458133 DOI: 10.1038/ncomms15655] [Citation(s) in RCA: 72] [Impact Index Per Article: 10.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/25/2016] [Accepted: 04/13/2017] [Indexed: 12/16/2022] Open
Abstract
S -to-N acyl transfer is a high-yielding chemoselective process for amide bond formation. It is widely utilized by chemists for synthetic applications, including peptide and protein synthesis, chemical modification of proteins, protein-protein ligation and the development of probes and molecular machines. Recent advances in our understanding of S -to-N acyl transfer processes in biology and innovations in methodology for thioester formation and desulfurization, together with an extension of the size of cyclic transition states, have expanded the boundaries of this process well beyond peptide ligation. As the field develops, this chemistry will play a central role in our molecular understanding of Biology. The conversion of thioesters to amides via acyl transfer has become one of the most important synthetic techniques for the chemical synthesis and modification of proteins. This review discusses this S-to-N acyl transfer process, and highlights some of the key applications across chemistry and biology.
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Affiliation(s)
- Helen M. Burke
- School of Chemistry, Trinity College Dublin, Dublin D2, Ireland
| | | | - Eoin M. Scanlan
- School of Chemistry, Trinity College Dublin, Dublin D2, Ireland
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37
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Pandurangan K, Aletti AB, Montroni D, Kitchen JA, Martínez-Calvo M, Blasco S, Gunnlaugsson T, Scanlan EM. Supramolecular Anion Recognition Mediates One-Pot Synthesis of 3-Amino-[1,2,4]-triazolo Pyridines from Thiosemicarbazides. Org Lett 2017; 19:1068-1071. [DOI: 10.1021/acs.orglett.6b03645] [Citation(s) in RCA: 16] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/29/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Komala Pandurangan
- School of Chemistry, Trinity
College Dublin and Trinity Biomedical Science Institute (TBSI), The University of Dublin, Dublin 2, Ireland
| | - Anna B. Aletti
- School of Chemistry, Trinity
College Dublin and Trinity Biomedical Science Institute (TBSI), The University of Dublin, Dublin 2, Ireland
| | - Devis Montroni
- School of Chemistry, Trinity
College Dublin and Trinity Biomedical Science Institute (TBSI), The University of Dublin, Dublin 2, Ireland
| | - Jonathan. A. Kitchen
- School of Chemistry, Trinity
College Dublin and Trinity Biomedical Science Institute (TBSI), The University of Dublin, Dublin 2, Ireland
| | - Miguel Martínez-Calvo
- School of Chemistry, Trinity
College Dublin and Trinity Biomedical Science Institute (TBSI), The University of Dublin, Dublin 2, Ireland
| | - Salvador Blasco
- School of Chemistry, Trinity
College Dublin and Trinity Biomedical Science Institute (TBSI), The University of Dublin, Dublin 2, Ireland
| | - Thorfinnur Gunnlaugsson
- School of Chemistry, Trinity
College Dublin and Trinity Biomedical Science Institute (TBSI), The University of Dublin, Dublin 2, Ireland
| | - Eoin M. Scanlan
- School of Chemistry, Trinity
College Dublin and Trinity Biomedical Science Institute (TBSI), The University of Dublin, Dublin 2, Ireland
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38
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Calatrava-Pérez E, Bright SA, Achermann S, Moylan C, Senge MO, Veale EB, Williams DC, Gunnlaugsson T, Scanlan EM. Glycosidase activated release of fluorescent 1,8-naphthalimide probes for tumor cell imaging from glycosylated 'pro-probes'. Chem Commun (Camb) 2016; 52:13086-13089. [PMID: 27722254 DOI: 10.1039/c6cc06451e] [Citation(s) in RCA: 57] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/26/2022]
Abstract
Glycosylated 4-amino-1,8-naphthalimide derivatives possess a native glycosidic linkage that can be selectively hydrolysed in situ by glycosidase enzymes to release the naphthalimide as a fluorescent imaging or therapeutic agent. In vitro studies using a variety of cancer cell lines demonstrated that the naphthalimides only get taken up into cells upon enzymatic cleavage from the glycan unit; a mechanism that offers a novel approach for the targeted delivery of probes/drugs.
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Affiliation(s)
- Elena Calatrava-Pérez
- School of Chemistry and Trinity Biomedical Sciences Institute (TBSI), Trinity College Dublin, The University of Dublin, Dublin 2, Ireland.
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39
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Zen F, Angione MD, Behan JA, Cullen RJ, Duff T, Vasconcelos JM, Scanlan EM, Colavita PE. Modulation of Protein Fouling and Interfacial Properties at Carbon Surfaces via Immobilization of Glycans Using Aryldiazonium Chemistry. Sci Rep 2016; 6:24840. [PMID: 27108562 PMCID: PMC4843010 DOI: 10.1038/srep24840] [Citation(s) in RCA: 25] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/22/2016] [Accepted: 04/05/2016] [Indexed: 11/25/2022] Open
Abstract
Carbon materials and nanomaterials are of great interest for biological applications such as implantable devices and nanoparticle vectors, however, to realize their potential it is critical to control formation and composition of the protein corona in biological media. In this work, protein adsorption studies were carried out at carbon surfaces functionalized with aryldiazonium layers bearing mono- and di-saccharide glycosides. Surface IR reflectance absorption spectroscopy and quartz crystal microbalance were used to study adsorption of albumin, lysozyme and fibrinogen. Protein adsorption was found to decrease by 30–90% with respect to bare carbon surfaces; notably, enhanced rejection was observed in the case of the tested di-saccharide vs. simple mono-saccharides for near-physiological protein concentration values. ζ-potential measurements revealed that aryldiazonium chemistry results in the immobilization of phenylglycosides without a change in surface charge density, which is known to be important for protein adsorption. Multisolvent contact angle measurements were used to calculate surface free energy and acid-base polar components of bare and modified surfaces based on the van Oss-Chaudhury-Good model: results indicate that protein resistance in these phenylglycoside layers correlates positively with wetting behavior and Lewis basicity.
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Affiliation(s)
- Federico Zen
- School of Chemistry and Centre for Research on Adaptive Nanostructures and Nanodevices (CRANN), Trinity College Dublin, College Green, Dublin 2, Ireland
| | - M Daniela Angione
- School of Chemistry and Centre for Research on Adaptive Nanostructures and Nanodevices (CRANN), Trinity College Dublin, College Green, Dublin 2, Ireland
| | - James A Behan
- School of Chemistry and Centre for Research on Adaptive Nanostructures and Nanodevices (CRANN), Trinity College Dublin, College Green, Dublin 2, Ireland
| | - Ronan J Cullen
- School of Chemistry and Centre for Research on Adaptive Nanostructures and Nanodevices (CRANN), Trinity College Dublin, College Green, Dublin 2, Ireland
| | - Thomas Duff
- School of Chemistry and Centre for Research on Adaptive Nanostructures and Nanodevices (CRANN), Trinity College Dublin, College Green, Dublin 2, Ireland
| | - Joana M Vasconcelos
- School of Chemistry and Centre for Research on Adaptive Nanostructures and Nanodevices (CRANN), Trinity College Dublin, College Green, Dublin 2, Ireland
| | - Eoin M Scanlan
- School of Chemistry and Centre for Research on Adaptive Nanostructures and Nanodevices (CRANN), Trinity College Dublin, College Green, Dublin 2, Ireland
| | - Paula E Colavita
- School of Chemistry and Centre for Research on Adaptive Nanostructures and Nanodevices (CRANN), Trinity College Dublin, College Green, Dublin 2, Ireland
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40
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Moylan C, Scanlan EM, Senge MO. Chemical Synthesis and Medicinal Applications of Glycoporphyrins. Curr Med Chem 2016; 22:2238-348. [PMID: 25921642 DOI: 10.2174/0929867322666150429113104] [Citation(s) in RCA: 44] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/21/2014] [Revised: 03/28/2015] [Accepted: 04/20/2015] [Indexed: 11/22/2022]
Abstract
This review presents an in-depth overview of the modification of porphyrins with bioconjugates and their applications in medicine today. Porphyrin bioconjugates ranging from nucleotides to steroids are under active scrutiny. However, carbohydrates have been at the forefront of such research in recent years and offer significant potential. This is attributed to their own selectivity to lectins on the surface of cancer cells and their influence on the amphiphilicity of the porphyrin macrocycle. These characteristics and the tendency of porphyrin photosensitizers to accumulate in tumor tissues make glycoporphyrins promising candidates for use as photosensitizers. Thus, a detailed overview of the synthesis and biological evaluation of glycoporphyrins is given with a particular focus on their applications in photodynamic therapy and their future prospects as drug candidates have been reported.
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Affiliation(s)
| | | | - Mathias O Senge
- School of Chemistry, SFI Tetrapyrrole Laboratory, Trinity Biomedical Sciences Institute, 152-160 Pearse Street, Trinity College Dublin, The University of Dublin, Dublin 2, Ireland.
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41
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McSweeney L, Dénès F, Scanlan EM. Thiyl-Radical Reactions in Carbohydrate Chemistry: From Thiosugars to Glycoconjugate Synthesis. European J Org Chem 2016. [DOI: 10.1002/ejoc.201501543] [Citation(s) in RCA: 46] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/04/2023]
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42
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Frasconi M, Marotta R, Markey L, Flavin K, Spampinato V, Ceccone G, Echegoyen L, Scanlan EM, Giordani S. Multi-Functionalized Carbon Nano-onions as Imaging Probes for Cancer Cells. Chemistry 2015; 21:19071-80. [PMID: 26577582 DOI: 10.1002/chem.201503166] [Citation(s) in RCA: 55] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/11/2015] [Indexed: 01/08/2023]
Abstract
Carbon-based nanomaterials have attracted much interest during the last decade for biomedical applications. Multimodal imaging probes based on carbon nano-onions (CNOs) have emerged as a platform for bioimaging because of their cell-penetration properties and minimal systemic toxicity. Here, we describe the covalent functionalization of CNOs with fluorescein and folic acid moieties for both imaging and targeting cancer cells. The modified CNOs display high brightness and photostability in aqueous solutions and their selective and rapid uptake in two different cancer cell lines without significant cytotoxicity was demonstrated. The localization of the functionalized CNOs in late-endosomes cell compartments was revealed by a correlative approach with confocal and transmission electron microscopy. Understanding the biological response of functionalized CNOs with the capability to target cancer cells and localize the nanoparticles in the cellular environment, will pave the way for the development of a new generation of imaging probes for future biomedical studies.
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Affiliation(s)
- Marco Frasconi
- Istituto Italiano di Tecnologia (IIT), Nano Carbon Materials Laboratory, Via Morego 30, 16163 Genova (Italy)
| | - Roberto Marotta
- Istituto Italiano di Tecnologia (IIT), Electron Microscopy Laboratory, Via Morego 30, 16163 Genova (Italy)
| | - Lyn Markey
- Trinity College Dublin, The University of Dublin, Trinity Biomedical Science Institute, School of Chemistry, 152-160 Pearse Street, Dublin 2 (Ireland)
| | - Kevin Flavin
- Trinity College Dublin, The University of Dublin, Trinity Biomedical Science Institute, School of Chemistry, 152-160 Pearse Street, Dublin 2 (Ireland)
| | - Valentina Spampinato
- European Commission, Joint Research Centre, Institute for Health and Consumer Protection, Via E. Fermi 2749, 21027 Ispra, Varese (Italy)
| | - Giacomo Ceccone
- European Commission, Joint Research Centre, Institute for Health and Consumer Protection, Via E. Fermi 2749, 21027 Ispra, Varese (Italy)
| | - Luis Echegoyen
- University of Texas at El Paso (UTEP), Department of Chemistry, El Paso, Texas 79968 (USA)
| | - Eoin M Scanlan
- Trinity College Dublin, The University of Dublin, Trinity Biomedical Science Institute, School of Chemistry, 152-160 Pearse Street, Dublin 2 (Ireland)
| | - Silvia Giordani
- Istituto Italiano di Tecnologia (IIT), Nano Carbon Materials Laboratory, Via Morego 30, 16163 Genova (Italy).
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43
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Angione MD, Duff T, Bell AP, Stamatin SN, Fay C, Diamond D, Scanlan EM, Colavita PE. Enhanced Antifouling Properties of Carbohydrate Coated Poly(ether sulfone) Membranes. ACS Appl Mater Interfaces 2015; 7:17238-17246. [PMID: 26192984 DOI: 10.1021/acsami.5b04201] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/04/2023]
Abstract
Poly(ether sulfone) membranes (PES) were modified with biologically active monosaccharides and disaccharides using aryldiazonium chemistry as a mild, one-step, surface-modification strategy. We previously proposed the modification of carbon, metals, and alloys with monosaccharides using the same method; herein, we demonstrate modification of PES membranes and the effect of chemisorbed carbohydrate layers on their resistance to biofouling. Glycosylated PES surfaces were characterized using spectroscopic methods and tested against their ability to interact with specific carbohydrate-binding proteins. Galactose-, mannose-, and lactose-modified PES surfaces were exposed to Bovine Serum Albumin (BSA) solutions to assess unspecific protein adsorption in the laboratory and were found to adsorb significantly lower amounts of BSA compared to bare membranes. The ability of molecular carbohydrate layers to impart antifouling properties was further tested in the field via long-term immersive tests at a wastewater treatment plant. A combination of ATP content assays, infrared spectroscopic characterization and He-ion microscopy (HIM) imaging were used to investigate biomass accumulation at membranes. We show that, beyond laboratory applications and in the case of complex aqueous environments that are rich in biomass such as wastewater effluent, we observe significantly lower biofouling at carbohydrate-modified PES than at bare PES membrane surfaces.
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Affiliation(s)
- M Daniela Angione
- †School of Chemistry, Trinity College Dublin, College Green, Dublin 2, Ireland
- ‡Centre for Research on Adaptive Nanostructures and Nanodevices (CRANN), Trinity College Dublin, College Green, Dublin 2, Ireland
| | - Thomas Duff
- †School of Chemistry, Trinity College Dublin, College Green, Dublin 2, Ireland
- ‡Centre for Research on Adaptive Nanostructures and Nanodevices (CRANN), Trinity College Dublin, College Green, Dublin 2, Ireland
| | - Alan P Bell
- ‡Centre for Research on Adaptive Nanostructures and Nanodevices (CRANN), Trinity College Dublin, College Green, Dublin 2, Ireland
| | - Serban N Stamatin
- †School of Chemistry, Trinity College Dublin, College Green, Dublin 2, Ireland
- ‡Centre for Research on Adaptive Nanostructures and Nanodevices (CRANN), Trinity College Dublin, College Green, Dublin 2, Ireland
| | - Cormac Fay
- §Insight Centre for Data Analytics, National Centre for Sensor Research, Dublin City University, Dublin 9, Ireland
| | - Dermot Diamond
- §Insight Centre for Data Analytics, National Centre for Sensor Research, Dublin City University, Dublin 9, Ireland
| | - Eoin M Scanlan
- †School of Chemistry, Trinity College Dublin, College Green, Dublin 2, Ireland
- ‡Centre for Research on Adaptive Nanostructures and Nanodevices (CRANN), Trinity College Dublin, College Green, Dublin 2, Ireland
| | - Paula E Colavita
- †School of Chemistry, Trinity College Dublin, College Green, Dublin 2, Ireland
- ‡Centre for Research on Adaptive Nanostructures and Nanodevices (CRANN), Trinity College Dublin, College Green, Dublin 2, Ireland
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44
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Burke HM, Gunnlaugsson T, Scanlan EM. Recent advances in the development of synthetic chemical probes for glycosidase enzymes. Chem Commun (Camb) 2015; 51:10576-88. [PMID: 26051717 DOI: 10.1039/c5cc02793d] [Citation(s) in RCA: 54] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/20/2022]
Abstract
The emergence of synthetic glycoconjugates as chemical probes for the detection of glycosidase enzymes has resulted in the development of a range of useful chemical tools with applications in glycobiology, biotechnology, medical and industrial research. Critical to the function of these probes is the preparation of substrates containing a glycosidic linkage that when activated by a specific enzyme or group of enzymes, irreversibly releases a reporter molecule that can be detected. Starting from the earliest examples of colourimetric probes, increasingly sensitive and sophisticated substrates have been reported. In this review we present an overview of the recent advances in this field, covering an array of strategies including chromogenic and fluorogenic substrates, lanthanide complexes, gels and nanoparticles. The applications of these substrates for the detection of various glycosidases and the scope and limitations for each approach are discussed.
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Affiliation(s)
- Helen M Burke
- School of Chemistry and Trinity Biomedical Sciences Institute, Trinity College, Pearse St, Dublin 2, Ireland.
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45
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Moylan C, Sweed AM, Shaker YM, Scanlan EM, Senge MO. Lead structures for applications in photodynamic therapy 7. Efficient synthesis of amphiphilic glycosylated lipid porphyrin derivatives: refining linker conjugation for potential PDT applications. Tetrahedron 2015. [DOI: 10.1016/j.tet.2015.04.097] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/11/2022]
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46
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Corcé V, McSweeney L, Malone A, Scanlan EM. Intramolecular thiol–yne cyclisation as a novel strategy for thioglycal synthesis. Chem Commun (Camb) 2015; 51:8672-4. [DOI: 10.1039/c5cc02162f] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/21/2022]
Abstract
Intramolecular thiol–yne cyclisation reactions has been developed for the synthesis of both exo- and endo-thioglycals.
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Affiliation(s)
- Vincent Corcé
- School of Chemistry
- Trinity Biomedical Sciences Institute
- Trinity College
- Dublin 2
- Ireland
| | - Lauren McSweeney
- School of Chemistry
- Trinity Biomedical Sciences Institute
- Trinity College
- Dublin 2
- Ireland
| | - Aoife Malone
- School of Chemistry
- Trinity Biomedical Sciences Institute
- Trinity College
- Dublin 2
- Ireland
| | - Eoin M. Scanlan
- School of Chemistry
- Trinity Biomedical Sciences Institute
- Trinity College
- Dublin 2
- Ireland
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47
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Wu D, Cheung S, Daly R, Burke H, Scanlan EM, O'Shea DF. Synthesis and Glycoconjugation of an Azido-BF2-Azadipyrromethene Near-Infrared Fluorochrome. European J Org Chem 2014. [DOI: 10.1002/ejoc.201402960] [Citation(s) in RCA: 23] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/19/2023]
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48
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Giuntini F, Bryden F, Daly R, Scanlan EM, Boyle RW. Huisgen-based conjugation of water-soluble porphyrins to deprotected sugars: towards mild strategies for the labelling of glycans. Org Biomol Chem 2014; 12:1203-6. [DOI: 10.1039/c3ob42306a] [Citation(s) in RCA: 22] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/05/2023]
Abstract
Fully deprotected alkynyl-functionalised mono- and oligosaccharides undergo CuAAC-based conjugation with water-soluble porphyrin azides in aqueous environments.
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Affiliation(s)
| | | | - Robin Daly
- School of Chemistry
- Trinity Biomedical Sciences Institute
- Trinity College
- Dublin 2, Ireland
| | - Eoin M. Scanlan
- School of Chemistry
- Trinity Biomedical Sciences Institute
- Trinity College
- Dublin 2, Ireland
| | - Ross W. Boyle
- Department of Chemistry
- University of Hull
- Kingston-upon-Hull, UK
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49
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Bourke J, Brereton CF, Gordon SV, Lavelle EC, Scanlan EM. The synthesis and biological evaluation of mycobacterial p-hydroxybenzoic acid derivatives (p-HBADs). Org Biomol Chem 2014; 12:1114-23. [DOI: 10.1039/c3ob42277a] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/15/2022]
Abstract
Synthetic p-hydroxybenzoic acid derivatives (p-HBADs) from Mycobacterium tuberculosis have the ability to suppress host immune response in vitro.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jean Bourke
- School of Chemistry
- Trinity Biomedical Sciences Institute
- Dublin 2, Ireland
| | - Corinna F. Brereton
- Adjuvant Research Group
- School of Biochemistry
- Trinity Biomedical Sciences Institute
- Dublin 2, Ireland
| | - Stephen V. Gordon
- Conway Institute of Biomolecular & Biomedical Research
- University College Dublin
- Dublin 4, Ireland
| | - Ed C. Lavelle
- Adjuvant Research Group
- School of Biochemistry
- Trinity Biomedical Sciences Institute
- Dublin 2, Ireland
| | - Eoin M. Scanlan
- School of Chemistry
- Trinity Biomedical Sciences Institute
- Dublin 2, Ireland
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50
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Affiliation(s)
- Aoife Malone
- Trinity
Biomedical Sciences
Institute, Trinity College, 152-160 Pearse Street, Dublin 2, Ireland
| | - Eoin M. Scanlan
- Trinity
Biomedical Sciences
Institute, Trinity College, 152-160 Pearse Street, Dublin 2, Ireland
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