251
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Xu B, Tambar UK. Remote Allylation of Unactivated C(sp 3)-H Bonds Triggered by Photogenerated Amidyl Radicals. ACS Catal 2019; 9:4627-4631. [PMID: 34109055 DOI: 10.1021/acscatal.9b00563] [Citation(s) in RCA: 38] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/15/2022]
Abstract
The allylation reaction is a highly versatile transformation in chemical synthesis. While many elegant direct C(sp2)-H allylation reactions have been developed, the direct allylation of unactivated C(sp3)-H bonds is underdeveloped. By applying photoredox catalysis and a [1,5]-HAT process, herein we report a direct allylation of unactivated C(sp3)‒H bonds. This photocatalyzed transformation is tolerant of several functional groups in the amide and allylic chloride substrates. Various allyl-substituted amide products were obtained with good yields and high δ-selectivity.
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Affiliation(s)
- Bin Xu
- Department of Biochemistry, The University of Texas Southwestern Medical Center, 5323 Harry Hines Boulevard, Dallas, Texas 75390-9038, United States
| | - Uttam K. Tambar
- Department of Biochemistry, The University of Texas Southwestern Medical Center, 5323 Harry Hines Boulevard, Dallas, Texas 75390-9038, United States
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252
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Chen L, Guo LN, Ma ZY, Gu YR, Zhang J, Duan XH. Iminyl Radical-Triggered 1,5-Hydrogen-Atom Transfer/Heck-Type Coupling by Visible-Light Photoredox Catalysis. J Org Chem 2019; 84:6475-6482. [DOI: 10.1021/acs.joc.9b00525] [Citation(s) in RCA: 24] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/28/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Li Chen
- Department of Chemistry, School of Science, Xi’an Key Laboratory of Sustainable Energy Material Chemistry, and MOE Key Laboratory for Nonequilibrium Synthesis and Modulation of Condensed Matter, Xi’an Jiaotong University, Xi’an 710049, China
| | - Li-Na Guo
- Department of Chemistry, School of Science, Xi’an Key Laboratory of Sustainable Energy Material Chemistry, and MOE Key Laboratory for Nonequilibrium Synthesis and Modulation of Condensed Matter, Xi’an Jiaotong University, Xi’an 710049, China
| | - Zhi-Yong Ma
- Department of Chemistry, School of Science, Xi’an Key Laboratory of Sustainable Energy Material Chemistry, and MOE Key Laboratory for Nonequilibrium Synthesis and Modulation of Condensed Matter, Xi’an Jiaotong University, Xi’an 710049, China
| | - Yu-Rui Gu
- Department of Chemistry, School of Science, Xi’an Key Laboratory of Sustainable Energy Material Chemistry, and MOE Key Laboratory for Nonequilibrium Synthesis and Modulation of Condensed Matter, Xi’an Jiaotong University, Xi’an 710049, China
| | - Junjie Zhang
- Department of Chemistry, School of Science, Xi’an Key Laboratory of Sustainable Energy Material Chemistry, and MOE Key Laboratory for Nonequilibrium Synthesis and Modulation of Condensed Matter, Xi’an Jiaotong University, Xi’an 710049, China
| | - Xin-Hua Duan
- Department of Chemistry, School of Science, Xi’an Key Laboratory of Sustainable Energy Material Chemistry, and MOE Key Laboratory for Nonequilibrium Synthesis and Modulation of Condensed Matter, Xi’an Jiaotong University, Xi’an 710049, China
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253
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Nikolaienko P, Jentsch M, Kale AP, Cai Y, Rueping M. Electrochemical and Scalable Dehydrogenative C(sp
3
)−H Amination via Remote Hydrogen Atom Transfer in Batch and Continuous Flow. Chemistry 2019; 25:7177-7184. [DOI: 10.1002/chem.201806092] [Citation(s) in RCA: 29] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/21/2018] [Revised: 03/09/2019] [Indexed: 01/11/2023]
Affiliation(s)
- Pavlo Nikolaienko
- KAUST Catalysis Center (KCC)King Abdullah University of Science and Technology (KAUST) Thuwal 23955-6900 Saudi Arabia
| | - Marc Jentsch
- Institute of Organic ChemistryRWTH-Aachen University Landoltweg 1 52074 Aachen Germany
| | - Ajit P. Kale
- KAUST Catalysis Center (KCC)King Abdullah University of Science and Technology (KAUST) Thuwal 23955-6900 Saudi Arabia
| | - Yunfei Cai
- KAUST Catalysis Center (KCC)King Abdullah University of Science and Technology (KAUST) Thuwal 23955-6900 Saudi Arabia
| | - Magnus Rueping
- KAUST Catalysis Center (KCC)King Abdullah University of Science and Technology (KAUST) Thuwal 23955-6900 Saudi Arabia
- Institute of Organic ChemistryRWTH-Aachen University Landoltweg 1 52074 Aachen Germany
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254
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Jiang H, Studer A. Chemistry With N-Centered Radicals Generated by Single-Electron Transfer-Oxidation Using Photoredox Catalysis. CCS CHEMISTRY 2019. [DOI: 10.31635/ccschem.019.20180026] [Citation(s) in RCA: 138] [Impact Index Per Article: 27.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/19/2022] Open
Abstract
This review covers the recent literature on oxidative generation of N-centered radicals using photoredox catalysis. The concept of proton-coupled electron transfer is briefly discussed. Applications of such reactive N-centered radicals in cascade processes comprising arene amidation, alkene amidation, C—C bond cleavage reactions, and remote C—H functionalization are addressed. In addition, novel reagents allowing for clean oxidative N-radical generation are discussed.
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255
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Angelini L, Davies J, Simonetti M, Malet Sanz L, Sheikh NS, Leonori D. Reaction of Nitrogen-Radicals with Organometallics Under Ni-Catalysis: N-Arylations and Amino-Functionalization Cascades. Angew Chem Int Ed Engl 2019; 58:5003-5007. [PMID: 30779864 PMCID: PMC6519068 DOI: 10.1002/anie.201900510] [Citation(s) in RCA: 33] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/14/2019] [Revised: 02/18/2019] [Indexed: 11/11/2022]
Abstract
Herein, we report a strategy for the generation of nitrogen-radicals by ground-state single electron transfer with organyl-NiI species. Depending on the philicity of the N-radical, two types of processes have been developed. In the case of nucleophilic aminyl radicals direct N-arylation with aryl organozinc, organoboron, and organosilicon reagents was achieved. In the case of electrophilic amidyl radicals, cascade processes involving intramolecular cyclization, followed by reaction with both aryl and alkyl organometallics have been developed. The N-cyclization-alkylation cascade introduces a novel retrosynthetic disconnection for the assembly of substituted lactams and pyrrolidines with its potential demonstrated in the short total synthesis of four venom alkaloids.
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Affiliation(s)
- Lucrezia Angelini
- School of ChemistryUniversity of ManchesterOxford RoadManchesterM13 9PLUK
| | - Jacob Davies
- School of ChemistryUniversity of ManchesterOxford RoadManchesterM13 9PLUK
| | - Marco Simonetti
- School of ChemistryUniversity of ManchesterOxford RoadManchesterM13 9PLUK
| | - Laia Malet Sanz
- Eli Lilly and Company LimitedErl Wood Manor, WindeleshamSurreyGU20 6PHUK
| | - Nadeem S. Sheikh
- Department of ChemistryCollege of ScienceKing Faisal UniversityP.O. Box 380Al-Ahsa31982Saudi Arabia
| | - Daniele Leonori
- School of ChemistryUniversity of ManchesterOxford RoadManchesterM13 9PLUK
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256
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Wang F, Stahl SS. Merging Photochemistry with Electrochemistry: Functional-Group Tolerant Electrochemical Amination of C(sp 3 )-H Bonds. Angew Chem Int Ed Engl 2019; 58:6385-6390. [PMID: 30763466 DOI: 10.1002/anie.201813960] [Citation(s) in RCA: 144] [Impact Index Per Article: 28.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/07/2018] [Revised: 02/13/2019] [Indexed: 12/22/2022]
Abstract
Direct amination of C(sp3 )-H bonds is of broad interest in the realm of C-H functionalization because of the prevalence of nitrogen heterocycles and amines in pharmaceuticals and natural products. Reported here is a combined electrochemical/photochemical method for dehydrogenative C(sp3 )-H/N-H coupling that exhibits good reactivity with both sp2 and sp3 N-H bonds. The results show how use of iodide as an electrochemical mediator, in combination with light-induced cleavage of intermediate N-I bonds, enables the electrochemical process to proceed at low electrode potentials. This approach significantly improves the functional-group compatibility of electrochemical C-H amination, for example, tolerating electron-rich aromatic groups that undergo deleterious side reactions in the presence of high electrode potentials.
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Affiliation(s)
- Fei Wang
- Department of Chemistry, University of Wisconsin-Madison, Madison, WI, 53706, USA
| | - Shannon S Stahl
- Department of Chemistry, University of Wisconsin-Madison, Madison, WI, 53706, USA
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257
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Wang F, Stahl SS. Merging Photochemistry with Electrochemistry: Functional‐Group Tolerant Electrochemical Amination of C(sp
3
)−H Bonds. Angew Chem Int Ed Engl 2019. [DOI: 10.1002/ange.201813960] [Citation(s) in RCA: 45] [Impact Index Per Article: 9.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/23/2023]
Affiliation(s)
- Fei Wang
- Department of Chemistry University of Wisconsin-Madison Madison WI 53706 USA
| | - Shannon S. Stahl
- Department of Chemistry University of Wisconsin-Madison Madison WI 53706 USA
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258
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Angelini L, Davies J, Simonetti M, Malet Sanz L, Sheikh NS, Leonori D. Reaction of Nitrogen‐Radicals with Organometallics Under Ni‐Catalysis: N‐Arylations and Amino‐Functionalization Cascades. Angew Chem Int Ed Engl 2019. [DOI: 10.1002/ange.201900510] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/09/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Lucrezia Angelini
- School of ChemistryUniversity of Manchester Oxford Road Manchester M13 9PL UK
| | - Jacob Davies
- School of ChemistryUniversity of Manchester Oxford Road Manchester M13 9PL UK
| | - Marco Simonetti
- School of ChemistryUniversity of Manchester Oxford Road Manchester M13 9PL UK
| | - Laia Malet Sanz
- Eli Lilly and Company Limited Erl Wood Manor, Windelesham Surrey GU20 6PH UK
| | - Nadeem S. Sheikh
- Department of ChemistryCollege of ScienceKing Faisal University P.O. Box 380 Al-Ahsa 31982 Saudi Arabia
| | - Daniele Leonori
- School of ChemistryUniversity of Manchester Oxford Road Manchester M13 9PL UK
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259
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Capaldo L, Merli D, Fagnoni M, Ravelli D. Visible Light Uranyl Photocatalysis: Direct C–H to C–C Bond Conversion. ACS Catal 2019. [DOI: 10.1021/acscatal.9b00287] [Citation(s) in RCA: 59] [Impact Index Per Article: 11.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/28/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Luca Capaldo
- Photogreen Lab, Department of Chemistry, University of Pavia, Viale Taramelli 12, 27100 Pavia, Italy
| | - Daniele Merli
- Photogreen Lab, Department of Chemistry, University of Pavia, Viale Taramelli 12, 27100 Pavia, Italy
| | - Maurizio Fagnoni
- Photogreen Lab, Department of Chemistry, University of Pavia, Viale Taramelli 12, 27100 Pavia, Italy
| | - Davide Ravelli
- Photogreen Lab, Department of Chemistry, University of Pavia, Viale Taramelli 12, 27100 Pavia, Italy
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260
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Bao X, Wang Q, Zhu J. Copper-catalyzed remote C(sp 3)-H azidation and oxidative trifluoromethylation of benzohydrazides. Nat Commun 2019; 10:769. [PMID: 30770833 PMCID: PMC6377619 DOI: 10.1038/s41467-019-08741-w] [Citation(s) in RCA: 59] [Impact Index Per Article: 11.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/05/2018] [Accepted: 01/15/2019] [Indexed: 12/02/2022] Open
Abstract
The Hofmann-Löffler-Freytag (HLF) reaction is a prototypical example of radical-based remote functionalization of unactivated C(sp3)-H bond. While 1,5-hydrogen atom transfer (1,5-HAT) of the amidyl radical is thermodynamically favorable and is well-established, the method for the subsequent functionalization of the translocated carbon radical is still limited. We report herein two catalytic remote C(sp3)-H functionalization protocols. Cu(MeCN)4PF6-catalyzed reaction of 2-alkyl benzohydrazides 3 with TMSN3 in the presence of MeCO2OtBu affords the γ-azido amides 4, while CuCl-catalyzed reaction of 3 with Togni's reagent provides 2-(β-trifluoromethylvinyl)benzamides 5 via an oxidative δ-trifluoromethylation of the alkyl group. Mechanistic studies suggest that the γ-azidation of benzohydrazides 3 goes through 1,5-HAT followed by a Cu-mediated azido transfer cascade, while the oxidative δ-trifluoromethylation of 3 proceeds via, after 1,5-HAT process, a radical-polar crossover mechanism.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xu Bao
- Laboratory of Synthesis and Natural Products, Institute of Chemical Sciences and Engineering, Ecole Polytechnique Fédérale de Lausanne, EPFL-SB-ISIC-LSPN, BCH5304, CH-1015, Lausanne, Switzerland
| | - Qian Wang
- Laboratory of Synthesis and Natural Products, Institute of Chemical Sciences and Engineering, Ecole Polytechnique Fédérale de Lausanne, EPFL-SB-ISIC-LSPN, BCH5304, CH-1015, Lausanne, Switzerland
| | - Jieping Zhu
- Laboratory of Synthesis and Natural Products, Institute of Chemical Sciences and Engineering, Ecole Polytechnique Fédérale de Lausanne, EPFL-SB-ISIC-LSPN, BCH5304, CH-1015, Lausanne, Switzerland.
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261
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Chuentragool P, Yadagiri D, Morita T, Sarkar S, Parasram M, Wang Y, Gevorgyan V. Aliphatic Radical Relay Heck Reaction at Unactivated C(sp 3 )-H Sites of Alcohols. Angew Chem Int Ed Engl 2019; 58:1794-1798. [PMID: 30462879 PMCID: PMC6359925 DOI: 10.1002/anie.201812398] [Citation(s) in RCA: 86] [Impact Index Per Article: 17.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/29/2018] [Revised: 11/20/2018] [Indexed: 12/17/2022]
Abstract
The Mizoroki-Heck reaction is one of the most efficient methods for alkenylation of aryl, vinyl, and alkyl halides. Given its innate nature, this protocol requires the employment of compounds possessing a halogen atom at the site of functionalization. However, the accessibility of organic molecules possessing a halogen atom at a particular site in aliphatic systems is extremely limited. Thus, a protocol that allows a Heck reaction to occur at a specific nonfunctionalized C(sp3 )-H site is desirable. Reported here is a radical relay Heck reaction which allows selective remote alkenylation of aliphatic alcohols at unactivated β-, γ-, and δ-C(sp3 )-H sites. The use of an easily installed/removed Si-based auxiliary enables selective I-atom/radical translocation events at remote C-H sites followed by the Heck reaction. Notably, the reaction proceeds smoothly under mild visible-light-mediated conditions at room temperature, producing highly modifiable and valuable alkenol products from readily available alcohols feedstocks.
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Affiliation(s)
- Padon Chuentragool
- Department of Chemistry, University of Illinois at Chicago, 845 W. Taylor St., Rm. 4500, Chicago, IL 60607 (USA)
| | - Dongari Yadagiri
- Department of Chemistry, University of Illinois at Chicago, 845 W. Taylor St., Rm. 4500, Chicago, IL 60607 (USA)
| | - Taiki Morita
- Department of Chemistry, University of Illinois at Chicago, 845 W. Taylor St., Rm. 4500, Chicago, IL 60607 (USA)
| | - Sumon Sarkar
- Department of Chemistry, University of Illinois at Chicago, 845 W. Taylor St., Rm. 4500, Chicago, IL 60607 (USA)
| | - Marvin Parasram
- Department of Chemistry, University of Illinois at Chicago, 845 W. Taylor St., Rm. 4500, Chicago, IL 60607 (USA)
| | - Yang Wang
- Department of Chemistry, University of Illinois at Chicago, 845 W. Taylor St., Rm. 4500, Chicago, IL 60607 (USA)
| | - Vladimir Gevorgyan
- Department of Chemistry, University of Illinois at Chicago, 845 W. Taylor St., Rm. 4500, Chicago, IL 60607 (USA)
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262
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Gu YR, Duan XH, Chen L, Ma ZY, Gao P, Guo LN. Iminyl Radical-Triggered Intermolecular Distal C(sp3)–H Heteroarylation via 1,5-Hydrogen-Atom Transfer (HAT) Cascade. Org Lett 2019; 21:917-920. [DOI: 10.1021/acs.orglett.8b03865] [Citation(s) in RCA: 62] [Impact Index Per Article: 12.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/28/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Yu-Rui Gu
- Department of Chemistry, School of Science, Xi’an Key Laboratory of Sustainable Energy Material Chemistry, and MOE Key Laboratory for Nonequilibrium Synthesis and Modulation of Condensed Matter, Xi’an Jiaotong University, Xi’an 710049, China
| | - Xin-Hua Duan
- Department of Chemistry, School of Science, Xi’an Key Laboratory of Sustainable Energy Material Chemistry, and MOE Key Laboratory for Nonequilibrium Synthesis and Modulation of Condensed Matter, Xi’an Jiaotong University, Xi’an 710049, China
| | - Li Chen
- Department of Chemistry, School of Science, Xi’an Key Laboratory of Sustainable Energy Material Chemistry, and MOE Key Laboratory for Nonequilibrium Synthesis and Modulation of Condensed Matter, Xi’an Jiaotong University, Xi’an 710049, China
| | - Zhi-Yong Ma
- Department of Chemistry, School of Science, Xi’an Key Laboratory of Sustainable Energy Material Chemistry, and MOE Key Laboratory for Nonequilibrium Synthesis and Modulation of Condensed Matter, Xi’an Jiaotong University, Xi’an 710049, China
| | - Pin Gao
- Department of Chemistry, School of Science, Xi’an Key Laboratory of Sustainable Energy Material Chemistry, and MOE Key Laboratory for Nonequilibrium Synthesis and Modulation of Condensed Matter, Xi’an Jiaotong University, Xi’an 710049, China
| | - Li-Na Guo
- Department of Chemistry, School of Science, Xi’an Key Laboratory of Sustainable Energy Material Chemistry, and MOE Key Laboratory for Nonequilibrium Synthesis and Modulation of Condensed Matter, Xi’an Jiaotong University, Xi’an 710049, China
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263
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Li GX, Hu X, He G, Chen G. Photoredox-mediated remote C(sp 3)-H heteroarylation of free alcohols. Chem Sci 2019; 10:688-693. [PMID: 30774869 PMCID: PMC6345347 DOI: 10.1039/c8sc04134b] [Citation(s) in RCA: 89] [Impact Index Per Article: 17.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/17/2018] [Accepted: 10/27/2018] [Indexed: 01/05/2023] Open
Abstract
We report an efficient and economical method for remote δ C(sp3)-H heteroarylation of free aliphatic alcohols using a hypervalent iodine PFBI-OH oxidant under photoredox catalysis. The reaction sequence involves in situ alcoholysis of PFBI-OH with alcohol, generation of an alkoxy radical intermediate by SET reduction, 1,5-HAT, and Minisci-type C-C bond formation. This method uses a slight excess of alcohols, can facilitate reaction at δ methyl and methylene positions, and has been successfully applied to modification of complex drug molecules.
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Affiliation(s)
- Guo-Xing Li
- State Key Laboratory and Institute of Elemento-Organic Chemistry , College of Chemistry , Collaborative Innovation Center of Chemical Science and Engineering (Tianjin) , Nankai University , Tianjin 300071 , China .
| | - Xiafei Hu
- State Key Laboratory and Institute of Elemento-Organic Chemistry , College of Chemistry , Collaborative Innovation Center of Chemical Science and Engineering (Tianjin) , Nankai University , Tianjin 300071 , China .
| | - Gang He
- State Key Laboratory and Institute of Elemento-Organic Chemistry , College of Chemistry , Collaborative Innovation Center of Chemical Science and Engineering (Tianjin) , Nankai University , Tianjin 300071 , China .
| | - Gong Chen
- State Key Laboratory and Institute of Elemento-Organic Chemistry , College of Chemistry , Collaborative Innovation Center of Chemical Science and Engineering (Tianjin) , Nankai University , Tianjin 300071 , China .
- Department of Chemistry , The Pennsylvania State University , 104 Chemistry Building, University Park , PA 16802 , USA .
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264
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Bao X, Wang Q, Zhu J. Dual Photoredox/Copper Catalysis for the Remote C(sp3
)−H Functionalization of Alcohols and Alkyl Halides by N
-Alkoxypyridinium Salts. Angew Chem Int Ed Engl 2019. [DOI: 10.1002/ange.201813356] [Citation(s) in RCA: 33] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/08/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Xu Bao
- Laboratory of Synthesis and Natural Products; Institute of Chemical Sciences and Engineering; Ecole Polytechnique Fédérale de Lausanne, EPFL-SB-ISIC-LSPN, BCH 5304, 1015; Lausanne Switzerland
| | - Qian Wang
- Laboratory of Synthesis and Natural Products; Institute of Chemical Sciences and Engineering; Ecole Polytechnique Fédérale de Lausanne, EPFL-SB-ISIC-LSPN, BCH 5304, 1015; Lausanne Switzerland
| | - Jieping Zhu
- Laboratory of Synthesis and Natural Products; Institute of Chemical Sciences and Engineering; Ecole Polytechnique Fédérale de Lausanne, EPFL-SB-ISIC-LSPN, BCH 5304, 1015; Lausanne Switzerland
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265
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Bao X, Wang Q, Zhu J. Dual Photoredox/Copper Catalysis for the Remote C(sp3
)−H Functionalization of Alcohols and Alkyl Halides by N
-Alkoxypyridinium Salts. Angew Chem Int Ed Engl 2019; 58:2139-2143. [DOI: 10.1002/anie.201813356] [Citation(s) in RCA: 118] [Impact Index Per Article: 23.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/22/2018] [Revised: 12/12/2018] [Indexed: 11/11/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Xu Bao
- Laboratory of Synthesis and Natural Products; Institute of Chemical Sciences and Engineering; Ecole Polytechnique Fédérale de Lausanne, EPFL-SB-ISIC-LSPN, BCH 5304, 1015; Lausanne Switzerland
| | - Qian Wang
- Laboratory of Synthesis and Natural Products; Institute of Chemical Sciences and Engineering; Ecole Polytechnique Fédérale de Lausanne, EPFL-SB-ISIC-LSPN, BCH 5304, 1015; Lausanne Switzerland
| | - Jieping Zhu
- Laboratory of Synthesis and Natural Products; Institute of Chemical Sciences and Engineering; Ecole Polytechnique Fédérale de Lausanne, EPFL-SB-ISIC-LSPN, BCH 5304, 1015; Lausanne Switzerland
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266
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Chuentragool P, Yadagiri D, Morita T, Sarkar S, Parasram M, Wang Y, Gevorgyan V. Aliphatic Radical Relay Heck Reaction at Unactivated C(sp
3
)−H Sites of Alcohols. Angew Chem Int Ed Engl 2019. [DOI: 10.1002/ange.201812398] [Citation(s) in RCA: 20] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/07/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Padon Chuentragool
- Department of Chemistry University of Illinois at Chicago 845 W. Taylor St., Rm. 4500 Chicago IL 60607 USA
| | - Dongari Yadagiri
- Department of Chemistry University of Illinois at Chicago 845 W. Taylor St., Rm. 4500 Chicago IL 60607 USA
| | - Taiki Morita
- Department of Chemistry University of Illinois at Chicago 845 W. Taylor St., Rm. 4500 Chicago IL 60607 USA
| | - Sumon Sarkar
- Department of Chemistry University of Illinois at Chicago 845 W. Taylor St., Rm. 4500 Chicago IL 60607 USA
| | - Marvin Parasram
- Department of Chemistry University of Illinois at Chicago 845 W. Taylor St., Rm. 4500 Chicago IL 60607 USA
| | - Yang Wang
- Department of Chemistry University of Illinois at Chicago 845 W. Taylor St., Rm. 4500 Chicago IL 60607 USA
| | - Vladimir Gevorgyan
- Department of Chemistry University of Illinois at Chicago 845 W. Taylor St., Rm. 4500 Chicago IL 60607 USA
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267
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Stateman LM, Wappes EA, Nakafuku KM, Edwards KM, Nagib DA. Catalytic β C-H amination via an imidate radical relay. Chem Sci 2019; 10:2693-2699. [PMID: 30996986 PMCID: PMC6419930 DOI: 10.1039/c8sc05685d] [Citation(s) in RCA: 61] [Impact Index Per Article: 12.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/20/2018] [Accepted: 01/09/2019] [Indexed: 01/03/2023] Open
Abstract
An iodine-catalyzed strategy for β C–H amination of alcohols is enabled by a chemo-, regio-, and stereo-selective H-atom transfer mechanism.
The first catalytic strategy to harness imidate radicals for C–H functionalization has been developed. This iodine-catalyzed approach enables β C–H amination of alcohols by an imidate-mediated radical relay. In contrast to our first-generation, (super)stoichiometric protocol, this catalytic method enables faster and more efficient reactivity. Furthermore, lower oxidant concentration affords broader functional group tolerance, including alkenes, alkynes, alcohols, carbonyls, and heteroarenes. Mechanistic experiments interrogating the electronic nature of the key 1,5 H-atom transfer event are included, as well as probes for chemo-, regio-, and stereo-selectivity.
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Affiliation(s)
- Leah M Stateman
- The Ohio State University , Department of Chemistry and Biochemistry , Columbus , OH 43210 , USA .
| | - Ethan A Wappes
- The Ohio State University , Department of Chemistry and Biochemistry , Columbus , OH 43210 , USA .
| | - Kohki M Nakafuku
- The Ohio State University , Department of Chemistry and Biochemistry , Columbus , OH 43210 , USA .
| | - Kara M Edwards
- The Ohio State University , Department of Chemistry and Biochemistry , Columbus , OH 43210 , USA .
| | - David A Nagib
- The Ohio State University , Department of Chemistry and Biochemistry , Columbus , OH 43210 , USA .
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268
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Wu K, Wang L, Colón‐Rodríguez S, Flechsig G, Wang T. Amidyl Radical Directed Remote Allylation of Unactivated sp
3
C−H Bonds by Organic Photoredox Catalysis. Angew Chem Int Ed Engl 2019. [DOI: 10.1002/ange.201811004] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/31/2023]
Affiliation(s)
- Kui Wu
- Department of ChemistryUniversity at Albany, State University of New York 1400 Washington Avenue Albany NY 12222 USA
| | - Lushun Wang
- Department of ChemistryUniversity at Albany, State University of New York 1400 Washington Avenue Albany NY 12222 USA
| | - Sonivette Colón‐Rodríguez
- Department of ChemistryUniversity at Albany, State University of New York 1400 Washington Avenue Albany NY 12222 USA
| | - Gerd‐Uwe Flechsig
- Department of ChemistryUniversity at Albany, State University of New York 1400 Washington Avenue Albany NY 12222 USA
| | - Ting Wang
- Department of ChemistryUniversity at Albany, State University of New York 1400 Washington Avenue Albany NY 12222 USA
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269
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Wu K, Wang L, Colón‐Rodríguez S, Flechsig G, Wang T. Amidyl Radical Directed Remote Allylation of Unactivated sp
3
C−H Bonds by Organic Photoredox Catalysis. Angew Chem Int Ed Engl 2019; 58:1774-1778. [DOI: 10.1002/anie.201811004] [Citation(s) in RCA: 73] [Impact Index Per Article: 14.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/24/2018] [Revised: 11/21/2018] [Indexed: 11/08/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Kui Wu
- Department of ChemistryUniversity at Albany, State University of New York 1400 Washington Avenue Albany NY 12222 USA
| | - Lushun Wang
- Department of ChemistryUniversity at Albany, State University of New York 1400 Washington Avenue Albany NY 12222 USA
| | - Sonivette Colón‐Rodríguez
- Department of ChemistryUniversity at Albany, State University of New York 1400 Washington Avenue Albany NY 12222 USA
| | - Gerd‐Uwe Flechsig
- Department of ChemistryUniversity at Albany, State University of New York 1400 Washington Avenue Albany NY 12222 USA
| | - Ting Wang
- Department of ChemistryUniversity at Albany, State University of New York 1400 Washington Avenue Albany NY 12222 USA
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270
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Huang HM, Garduño-Castro MH, Morrill C, Procter DJ. Catalytic cascade reactions by radical relay. Chem Soc Rev 2019; 48:4626-4638. [DOI: 10.1039/c8cs00947c] [Citation(s) in RCA: 135] [Impact Index Per Article: 27.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/14/2022]
Abstract
Catalytic radical relays are an attractive tool for the rapid construction of complex molecular architectures.
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271
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Wu S, Wu X, Wang D, Zhu C. Regioselective Vinylation of Remote Unactivated C(sp3)−H Bonds: Access to Complex Fluoroalkylated Alkenes. Angew Chem Int Ed Engl 2018; 58:1499-1503. [DOI: 10.1002/anie.201812927] [Citation(s) in RCA: 67] [Impact Index Per Article: 11.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/11/2018] [Revised: 12/03/2018] [Indexed: 01/02/2023]
Affiliation(s)
- Shuo Wu
- Key Laboratory of Organic Synthesis of Jiangsu Province; College of Chemistry, Chemical Engineering, and Materials Science; Soochow University; 199 Ren-Ai Road Suzhou Jiangsu 215123 China
| | - Xinxin Wu
- Key Laboratory of Organic Synthesis of Jiangsu Province; College of Chemistry, Chemical Engineering, and Materials Science; Soochow University; 199 Ren-Ai Road Suzhou Jiangsu 215123 China
| | - Dongping Wang
- Key Laboratory of Organic Synthesis of Jiangsu Province; College of Chemistry, Chemical Engineering, and Materials Science; Soochow University; 199 Ren-Ai Road Suzhou Jiangsu 215123 China
| | - Chen Zhu
- Key Laboratory of Organic Synthesis of Jiangsu Province; College of Chemistry, Chemical Engineering, and Materials Science; Soochow University; 199 Ren-Ai Road Suzhou Jiangsu 215123 China
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272
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Wu S, Wu X, Wang D, Zhu C. Regioselective Vinylation of Remote Unactivated C(sp3)−H Bonds: Access to Complex Fluoroalkylated Alkenes. Angew Chem Int Ed Engl 2018. [DOI: 10.1002/ange.201812927] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/15/2023]
Affiliation(s)
- Shuo Wu
- Key Laboratory of Organic Synthesis of Jiangsu Province; College of Chemistry, Chemical Engineering, and Materials Science; Soochow University; 199 Ren-Ai Road Suzhou Jiangsu 215123 China
| | - Xinxin Wu
- Key Laboratory of Organic Synthesis of Jiangsu Province; College of Chemistry, Chemical Engineering, and Materials Science; Soochow University; 199 Ren-Ai Road Suzhou Jiangsu 215123 China
| | - Dongping Wang
- Key Laboratory of Organic Synthesis of Jiangsu Province; College of Chemistry, Chemical Engineering, and Materials Science; Soochow University; 199 Ren-Ai Road Suzhou Jiangsu 215123 China
| | - Chen Zhu
- Key Laboratory of Organic Synthesis of Jiangsu Province; College of Chemistry, Chemical Engineering, and Materials Science; Soochow University; 199 Ren-Ai Road Suzhou Jiangsu 215123 China
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273
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Kim I, Park B, Kang G, Kim J, Jung H, Lee H, Baik M, Hong S. Visible‐Light‐Induced Pyridylation of Remote C(sp
3
)−H Bonds by Radical Translocation of N‐Alkoxypyridinium Salts. Angew Chem Int Ed Engl 2018. [DOI: 10.1002/ange.201809879] [Citation(s) in RCA: 36] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/11/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Inwon Kim
- Department of ChemistryKorea Advanced Institute of Science and Technology Daejeon 34141 Korea
- Center for Catalytic Hydrocarbon Functionalization Institute for Basic Science (IBS) Daejeon 34141 Korea
| | - Bohyun Park
- Department of ChemistryKorea Advanced Institute of Science and Technology Daejeon 34141 Korea
- Center for Catalytic Hydrocarbon Functionalization Institute for Basic Science (IBS) Daejeon 34141 Korea
| | - Gyumin Kang
- Department of ChemistryKorea Advanced Institute of Science and Technology Daejeon 34141 Korea
- Center for Catalytic Hydrocarbon Functionalization Institute for Basic Science (IBS) Daejeon 34141 Korea
| | - Jiyun Kim
- Department of ChemistryKorea Advanced Institute of Science and Technology Daejeon 34141 Korea
- Center for Catalytic Hydrocarbon Functionalization Institute for Basic Science (IBS) Daejeon 34141 Korea
| | - Hoimin Jung
- Department of ChemistryKorea Advanced Institute of Science and Technology Daejeon 34141 Korea
- Center for Catalytic Hydrocarbon Functionalization Institute for Basic Science (IBS) Daejeon 34141 Korea
| | - Hyeonyeong Lee
- Department of ChemistryKorea Advanced Institute of Science and Technology Daejeon 34141 Korea
- Center for Catalytic Hydrocarbon Functionalization Institute for Basic Science (IBS) Daejeon 34141 Korea
| | - Mu‐Hyun Baik
- Department of ChemistryKorea Advanced Institute of Science and Technology Daejeon 34141 Korea
- Center for Catalytic Hydrocarbon Functionalization Institute for Basic Science (IBS) Daejeon 34141 Korea
| | - Sungwoo Hong
- Department of ChemistryKorea Advanced Institute of Science and Technology Daejeon 34141 Korea
- Center for Catalytic Hydrocarbon Functionalization Institute for Basic Science (IBS) Daejeon 34141 Korea
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274
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Kim I, Park B, Kang G, Kim J, Jung H, Lee H, Baik M, Hong S. Visible‐Light‐Induced Pyridylation of Remote C(sp
3
)−H Bonds by Radical Translocation of N‐Alkoxypyridinium Salts. Angew Chem Int Ed Engl 2018; 57:15517-15522. [DOI: 10.1002/anie.201809879] [Citation(s) in RCA: 111] [Impact Index Per Article: 18.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/28/2018] [Revised: 10/02/2018] [Indexed: 01/07/2023]
Affiliation(s)
- Inwon Kim
- Department of ChemistryKorea Advanced Institute of Science and Technology Daejeon 34141 Korea
- Center for Catalytic Hydrocarbon Functionalization Institute for Basic Science (IBS) Daejeon 34141 Korea
| | - Bohyun Park
- Department of ChemistryKorea Advanced Institute of Science and Technology Daejeon 34141 Korea
- Center for Catalytic Hydrocarbon Functionalization Institute for Basic Science (IBS) Daejeon 34141 Korea
| | - Gyumin Kang
- Department of ChemistryKorea Advanced Institute of Science and Technology Daejeon 34141 Korea
- Center for Catalytic Hydrocarbon Functionalization Institute for Basic Science (IBS) Daejeon 34141 Korea
| | - Jiyun Kim
- Department of ChemistryKorea Advanced Institute of Science and Technology Daejeon 34141 Korea
- Center for Catalytic Hydrocarbon Functionalization Institute for Basic Science (IBS) Daejeon 34141 Korea
| | - Hoimin Jung
- Department of ChemistryKorea Advanced Institute of Science and Technology Daejeon 34141 Korea
- Center for Catalytic Hydrocarbon Functionalization Institute for Basic Science (IBS) Daejeon 34141 Korea
| | - Hyeonyeong Lee
- Department of ChemistryKorea Advanced Institute of Science and Technology Daejeon 34141 Korea
- Center for Catalytic Hydrocarbon Functionalization Institute for Basic Science (IBS) Daejeon 34141 Korea
| | - Mu‐Hyun Baik
- Department of ChemistryKorea Advanced Institute of Science and Technology Daejeon 34141 Korea
- Center for Catalytic Hydrocarbon Functionalization Institute for Basic Science (IBS) Daejeon 34141 Korea
| | - Sungwoo Hong
- Department of ChemistryKorea Advanced Institute of Science and Technology Daejeon 34141 Korea
- Center for Catalytic Hydrocarbon Functionalization Institute for Basic Science (IBS) Daejeon 34141 Korea
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275
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Zhang Z, Stateman LM, Nagib DA. δ C-H (hetero)arylation via Cu-catalyzed radical relay. Chem Sci 2018; 10:1207-1211. [PMID: 30774920 PMCID: PMC6349054 DOI: 10.1039/c8sc04366c] [Citation(s) in RCA: 113] [Impact Index Per Article: 18.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/02/2018] [Accepted: 11/09/2018] [Indexed: 12/23/2022] Open
Abstract
A radical relay strategy has been developed to enable selective δ C–H arylation. The approach employs a chiral copper catalyst, which serves the dual roles of generating an N-centered radical to promote intramolecular H-atom transfer, and then intercepting a distal C-centered radical for C–C bond formation with (hetero)aryl boronic acids.
A Cu-catalyzed strategy has been developed that harnesses a radical relay mechanism to intercept a distal C-centered radical for C–C bond formation. This approach enables selective δ C–H (hetero)arylation of sulfonamides via intramolecular hydrogen atom transfer (HAT) by an N-centered radical. The radical relay is both initiated and terminated by a Cu catalyst, which enables incorporation of arenes and heteroarenes by cross-coupling with boronic acids. The broad scope and utility of this catalytic method for δ C–H arylation is shown, along with mechanistic probes for selectivity of the HAT mechanism. A catalytic, asymmetric variant is also presented, as well as a method for accessing 1,1-diaryl-pyrrolidines via iterative δ C–H functionalizations.
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Affiliation(s)
- Zuxiao Zhang
- The Ohio State University , Department of Chemistry and Biochemistry , Columbus , OH 43210 , USA .
| | - Leah M Stateman
- The Ohio State University , Department of Chemistry and Biochemistry , Columbus , OH 43210 , USA .
| | - David A Nagib
- The Ohio State University , Department of Chemistry and Biochemistry , Columbus , OH 43210 , USA .
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276
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Na CG, Alexanian EJ. A General Approach to Site-Specific, Intramolecular C-H Functionalization Using Dithiocarbamates. Angew Chem Int Ed Engl 2018; 57:13106-13109. [PMID: 30085389 PMCID: PMC6249686 DOI: 10.1002/anie.201806963] [Citation(s) in RCA: 45] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/15/2018] [Revised: 07/17/2018] [Indexed: 01/11/2023]
Abstract
Intramolecular hydrogen atom transfer is an established approach for the site-specific functionalization of unactivated, aliphatic C-H bonds. Transformations using this strategy typically require unstable intermediates formed using strong oxidants and have mainly targeted C-H halogenations or intramolecular aminations. Herein, we report a site-specific C-H functionalization that significantly increases the synthetic scope and convergency of reactions proceeding via intramolecular hydrogen atom transfer. Stable, isolable N-dithiocarbamates are used as precursors to amidyl radicals formed via either light or radical initiation to efficiently deliver highly versatile alkyl dithiocarbamates across a wide range of complex structures.
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Affiliation(s)
- Christina G. Na
- Department of Chemistry The University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill Chapel Hill, NC 27599 (USA)
| | - Erik J. Alexanian
- Department of Chemistry The University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill Chapel Hill, NC 27599 (USA)
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277
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Biocatalytic hydrogen atom transfer: an invigorating approach to free-radical reactions. Curr Opin Chem Biol 2018; 49:16-24. [PMID: 30269010 DOI: 10.1016/j.cbpa.2018.09.001] [Citation(s) in RCA: 22] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/17/2018] [Accepted: 09/02/2018] [Indexed: 10/28/2022]
Abstract
Initiating and terminating free-radical reactionis via hydrogen atom transfer (HAT) is an attractive means of avoiding substrate prefunctionalization. Small molecule catalysts and reagents, however, struggle to execute this fundamental step with useful levels of diastereoselectivity and enantioselectivity. In contrast, nature often carries out HAT with exquisite levels of selectivity for even electronically unactivated carbon-hydrogen bonds. By understanding how enzymes exploit and control this fundamental step, new strategies can be developed to address several long-standing challenges in free-radical reactions. This review will cover recent discoveries in biocatalysis that exploit a HAT mechanism to either initiate or terminate novel one-electron reactions.
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278
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Chen H, Guo L, Yu S. Primary, Secondary, and Tertiary γ-C(sp3)–H Vinylation of Amides via Organic Photoredox-Catalyzed Hydrogen Atom Transfer. Org Lett 2018; 20:6255-6259. [DOI: 10.1021/acs.orglett.8b02737] [Citation(s) in RCA: 54] [Impact Index Per Article: 9.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/27/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Hui Chen
- State Key Laboratory of Analytical Chemistry for Life Science, Jiangsu Key Laboratory of Advanced Organic Materials, School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Nanjing University, Nanjing 210023, China
| | - Liangliang Guo
- State Key Laboratory of Analytical Chemistry for Life Science, Jiangsu Key Laboratory of Advanced Organic Materials, School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Nanjing University, Nanjing 210023, China
| | - Shouyun Yu
- State Key Laboratory of Analytical Chemistry for Life Science, Jiangsu Key Laboratory of Advanced Organic Materials, School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Nanjing University, Nanjing 210023, China
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279
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Morcillo SP, Dauncey EM, Kim JH, Douglas JJ, Sheikh NS, Leonori D. Photoinduced Remote Functionalization of Amides and Amines Using Electrophilic Nitrogen Radicals. Angew Chem Int Ed Engl 2018; 57:12945-12949. [PMID: 30074300 PMCID: PMC6221136 DOI: 10.1002/anie.201807941] [Citation(s) in RCA: 180] [Impact Index Per Article: 30.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/11/2018] [Indexed: 01/29/2023]
Abstract
The selective functionalization of C(sp3 )-H bonds at distal positions to functional groups is a challenging task in synthetic chemistry. Reported here is a photoinduced radical cascade strategy for the divergent functionalization of amides and protected amines. The process is based on the oxidative generation of electrophilic amidyl radicals and their subsequent transposition by 1,5-H-atom transfer, resulting in remote fluorination, chlorination and, for the first time, thioetherification, cyanation, and alkynylation. The process is tolerant of most common functional groups and delivers useful building blocks that can be further elaborated. The utility of this strategy is demonstrated through the late-stage functionalization of amino acids and a dipeptide.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sara P. Morcillo
- School of ChemistryUniversity of ManchesterOxford RoadManchesterM13 9PLUK
| | | | - Ji Hye Kim
- School of ChemistryUniversity of ManchesterOxford RoadManchesterM13 9PLUK
| | - James J. Douglas
- Early Chemical DevelopmentPharmaceutical SciencesIMED Biotech UnitAstraZenecaMacclesfieldSK10 2NAUK
| | - Nadeem S. Sheikh
- Department of ChemistryFaculty of ScienceKing Faisal UniversityP.O. Box 380Al-Ahsa31982Saudi Arabia
| | - Daniele Leonori
- School of ChemistryUniversity of ManchesterOxford RoadManchesterM13 9PLUK
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280
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Na CG, Alexanian EJ. A General Approach to Site‐Specific, Intramolecular C−H Functionalization Using Dithiocarbamates. Angew Chem Int Ed Engl 2018. [DOI: 10.1002/ange.201806963] [Citation(s) in RCA: 17] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/08/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Christina G. Na
- Department of ChemistryThe University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill Chapel Hill NC 27599 USA
| | - Erik J. Alexanian
- Department of ChemistryThe University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill Chapel Hill NC 27599 USA
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281
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Wang L, Xia Y, Bergander K, Studer A. Remote Site-Specific Radical Alkynylation of Unactivated C–H Bonds. Org Lett 2018; 20:5817-5820. [DOI: 10.1021/acs.orglett.8b02514] [Citation(s) in RCA: 48] [Impact Index Per Article: 8.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/31/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Lin Wang
- Institute of Organic Chemistry, University of Münster, Corrensstrasse 40, 48149 Münster, Germany
| | - Yong Xia
- Institute of Organic Chemistry, University of Münster, Corrensstrasse 40, 48149 Münster, Germany
| | - Klaus Bergander
- Institute of Organic Chemistry, University of Münster, Corrensstrasse 40, 48149 Münster, Germany
| | - Armido Studer
- Institute of Organic Chemistry, University of Münster, Corrensstrasse 40, 48149 Münster, Germany
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282
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Xia Y, Wang L, Studer A. Site-Selective Remote Radical C-H Functionalization of Unactivated C-H Bonds in Amides Using Sulfone Reagents. Angew Chem Int Ed Engl 2018; 57:12940-12944. [PMID: 30080308 DOI: 10.1002/anie.201807455] [Citation(s) in RCA: 117] [Impact Index Per Article: 19.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/28/2018] [Indexed: 12/31/2022]
Abstract
A general and practical strategy for remote site-selective functionalization of unactivated aliphatic C-H bonds in various amides by radical chemistry is introduced. C-H bond functionalization is achieved by using the readily installed N-allylsulfonyl moiety as an N-radical precursor. The in situ generated N-radical engages in intramolecular 1,5-hydrogen atom transfer to generate a translocated C radical which is subsequently trapped with various sulfone reagents to afford the corresponding C-H functionalized amides. The generality of the approach is documented by the successful remote C-N3 , C-Cl, C-Br, C-SCF3 , C-SPh, and C-C bond formation. Unactivated tertiary and secondary C-H bonds, as well as activated primary C-H bonds, can be readily functionalized by this method.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yong Xia
- Organisch-Chemisches Institut, Westfälische Wilhelms-Universität, Corrensstrasse 40, 48149, Münster, Germany
| | - Lin Wang
- Organisch-Chemisches Institut, Westfälische Wilhelms-Universität, Corrensstrasse 40, 48149, Münster, Germany
| | - Armido Studer
- Organisch-Chemisches Institut, Westfälische Wilhelms-Universität, Corrensstrasse 40, 48149, Münster, Germany
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283
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Xia Y, Wang L, Studer A. Site-Selective Remote Radical C−H Functionalization of Unactivated C−H Bonds in Amides Using Sulfone Reagents. Angew Chem Int Ed Engl 2018. [DOI: 10.1002/ange.201807455] [Citation(s) in RCA: 39] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/07/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Yong Xia
- Organisch-Chemisches Institut; Westfälische Wilhelms-Universität; Corrensstrasse 40 48149 Münster Germany
| | - Lin Wang
- Organisch-Chemisches Institut; Westfälische Wilhelms-Universität; Corrensstrasse 40 48149 Münster Germany
| | - Armido Studer
- Organisch-Chemisches Institut; Westfälische Wilhelms-Universität; Corrensstrasse 40 48149 Münster Germany
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284
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Shen X, Zhao JJ, Yu S. Photoredox-Catalyzed Intermolecular Remote C–H and C–C Vinylation via Iminyl Radicals. Org Lett 2018; 20:5523-5527. [DOI: 10.1021/acs.orglett.8b02540] [Citation(s) in RCA: 106] [Impact Index Per Article: 17.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/17/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Xu Shen
- State Key Laboratory of Analytical Chemistry for Life Science, Jiangsu Key Laboratory of Advanced Organic Materials, School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Nanjing University, Nanjing 210023, China
| | - Jia-Jia Zhao
- State Key Laboratory of Analytical Chemistry for Life Science, Jiangsu Key Laboratory of Advanced Organic Materials, School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Nanjing University, Nanjing 210023, China
| | - Shouyun Yu
- State Key Laboratory of Analytical Chemistry for Life Science, Jiangsu Key Laboratory of Advanced Organic Materials, School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Nanjing University, Nanjing 210023, China
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285
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Tang Y, Qin Y, Meng D, Li C, Wei J, Yang M. Diverse secondary C(sp 3)-H bond functionalization via site-selective trifluoroacetoxylation of aliphatic amines. Chem Sci 2018; 9:6374-6378. [PMID: 30310565 PMCID: PMC6115674 DOI: 10.1039/c8sc01788c] [Citation(s) in RCA: 27] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/19/2018] [Accepted: 06/28/2018] [Indexed: 02/02/2023] Open
Abstract
We describe a coinage-metal-catalyzed site-selective oxidation of secondary C(sp3)-H bonds for aliphatic amine substrates. Broad amine scope, good functional compatibility and late-stage diversification are demonstrated with this method. The steric demand of the β-substituents controlled diastereoselectivities under this catalytic system. The site selectivity favors secondary C(sp3)-H bonds over tertiary ones underscoring the unique synthetic potential of this method.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yongzhen Tang
- Key Laboratory of Applied Surface and Colloid Chemistry of MOE , School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering , Shaanxi Normal University , 620 West Chang'an Ave , Xi'an , 710119 , China . ;
| | - Yuman Qin
- Key Laboratory of Applied Surface and Colloid Chemistry of MOE , School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering , Shaanxi Normal University , 620 West Chang'an Ave , Xi'an , 710119 , China . ;
| | - Dongmei Meng
- Key Laboratory of Applied Surface and Colloid Chemistry of MOE , School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering , Shaanxi Normal University , 620 West Chang'an Ave , Xi'an , 710119 , China . ;
| | - Chaoqun Li
- Key Laboratory of Applied Surface and Colloid Chemistry of MOE , School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering , Shaanxi Normal University , 620 West Chang'an Ave , Xi'an , 710119 , China . ;
| | - Junfa Wei
- Key Laboratory of Applied Surface and Colloid Chemistry of MOE , School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering , Shaanxi Normal University , 620 West Chang'an Ave , Xi'an , 710119 , China . ;
| | - Mingyu Yang
- Key Laboratory of Applied Surface and Colloid Chemistry of MOE , School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering , Shaanxi Normal University , 620 West Chang'an Ave , Xi'an , 710119 , China . ;
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286
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Kumar Y, Jaiswal Y, Kumar A. Visible-Light-Mediated Remote γ-C(sp3)–H Functionalization of Alkylimidates: Synthesis of 4-Iodo-3,4-dihydropyrrole Derivatives. Org Lett 2018; 20:4964-4969. [DOI: 10.1021/acs.orglett.8b02022] [Citation(s) in RCA: 24] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/23/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Yogesh Kumar
- Department of Chemistry, Indian Institute of Technology Patna, Bihta 801106, Bihar, India
| | - Yogesh Jaiswal
- Department of Chemistry, Indian Institute of Technology Patna, Bihta 801106, Bihar, India
| | - Amit Kumar
- Department of Chemistry, Indian Institute of Technology Patna, Bihta 801106, Bihar, India
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287
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Das A, Maher AG, Telser J, Powers DC. Observation of a Photogenerated Rh2 Nitrenoid Intermediate in C–H Amination. J Am Chem Soc 2018; 140:10412-10415. [DOI: 10.1021/jacs.8b05599] [Citation(s) in RCA: 24] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/21/2023]
Affiliation(s)
- Anuvab Das
- Department of Chemistry, Texas A&M University, College Station, Texas 77843, United States
| | - Andrew G. Maher
- Department of Chemistry and Chemical Biology, Harvard University, Cambridge, Massachusetts 02138, United States
| | - Joshua Telser
- Department of Biological, Chemical and Physical Sciences, Roosevelt University, Chicago, Illinois 60605, United States
| | - David C. Powers
- Department of Chemistry, Texas A&M University, College Station, Texas 77843, United States
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288
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Remote C-H functionalization using radical translocating arylating groups. Nat Commun 2018; 9:2808. [PMID: 30022072 PMCID: PMC6051993 DOI: 10.1038/s41467-018-05193-6] [Citation(s) in RCA: 48] [Impact Index Per Article: 8.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/04/2018] [Accepted: 06/20/2018] [Indexed: 11/12/2022] Open
Abstract
Site selective chemical functionalization at unactivated C(sp3)−H bonds is highly challenging and recent successful studies mostly focus on the use of transition metal catalysis in combination with directing groups. Radical chemistry offers a complementary approach with the Barton and the Hofmann-Löffler-Freytag reactions being landmark contributions in the area of remote C−H functionalization at unactivated aliphatic sites. Herein we introduce the concept of radical translocation arylation at unactivated secondary and tertiary C(sp3)−H bonds in various alcohols. The straightforward two-step sequence comprises an ionic alcohol sulfonylation with especially designed ortho-iodoaryl sulfonyl chlorides followed by a radical cascade reaction including aryl radical generation, remote radical translocation, aryl migration, reduction, and SO2 extrusion to give the corresponding γ-arylated alcohols. Moderate to good yields are obtained, remote C−H arylation occurs with excellent regioselectivity and for secondary C(sp3)−H bonds good to excellent stereoselectivity is achieved. Selective remote functionalization of aliphatic C(sp3)−H bonds is highly challenging and often requires transition metals and/or directing groups. Here, the authors show the γ-arylation of aliphatic alcohols via a two-step radical translocation and subsequent radical aryl migration.
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289
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Wappes EA, Vanitcha A, Nagib DA. β C-H di-halogenation via iterative hydrogen atom transfer. Chem Sci 2018; 9:4500-4504. [PMID: 29896392 PMCID: PMC5958344 DOI: 10.1039/c8sc01214h] [Citation(s) in RCA: 39] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/14/2018] [Accepted: 04/19/2018] [Indexed: 12/31/2022] Open
Abstract
A radical relay strategy for mono- and di-halogenation (iodination, bromination, and chlorination) of sp3 C-H bonds has been developed. This first example of β C-H di-halogenation is achieved through sequential C-H abstraction by iterative, hydrogen atom transfer (HAT). A double C-H functionalization is enabled by in situ generated imidate radicals, which facilitate selective N˙ to C˙ radical translocation and tunable C-X termination. The versatile, geminal di-iodide products are further elaborated to β ketones and vinyl iodides. Mechanistic experiments explain the unique di-functionalization selectivity of this iterative HAT pathway, wherein the second C-H iodination is twice as fast as the first.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ethan A Wappes
- The Ohio State University , Department of Chemistry and Biochemistry , Columbus , OH 43210 , USA .
| | - Avassaya Vanitcha
- The Ohio State University , Department of Chemistry and Biochemistry , Columbus , OH 43210 , USA .
| | - David A Nagib
- The Ohio State University , Department of Chemistry and Biochemistry , Columbus , OH 43210 , USA .
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