251
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Berne S, Kalauz M, Lapat M, Savin L, Janussen D, Kersken D, Ambrožič Avguštin J, Zemljič Jokhadar Š, Jaklič D, Gunde-Cimerman N, Lunder M, Roškar I, Eleršek T, Turk T, Sepčić K. Screening of the Antarctic marine sponges (Porifera) as a source of bioactive compounds. Polar Biol 2015. [DOI: 10.1007/s00300-015-1835-4] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/16/2022]
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252
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Variation in type A trichothecene production and trichothecene biosynthetic genes in Fusarium goolgardi from natural ecosystems of Australia. Toxins (Basel) 2015; 7:4577-94. [PMID: 26556373 PMCID: PMC4663521 DOI: 10.3390/toxins7114577] [Citation(s) in RCA: 16] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/08/2015] [Revised: 10/20/2015] [Accepted: 10/26/2015] [Indexed: 01/21/2023] Open
Abstract
Fusarium goolgardi, isolated from the grass tree Xanthorrhoea glauca in natural ecosystems of Australia, is closely related to fusaria that produce a subgroup of trichothecene (type A) mycotoxins that lack a carbonyl group at carbon atom 8 (C-8). Mass spectrometric analysis revealed that F. goolgardi isolates produce type A trichothecenes, but exhibited one of two chemotypes. Some isolates (50%) produced multiple type A trichothecenes, including 4,15-diacetoxyscirpenol (DAS), neosolaniol (NEO), 8-acetylneosolaniol (Ac-NEO) and T-2 toxin (DAS-NEO-T2 chemotype). Other isolates (50%) produced only DAS (DAS chemotype). In the phylogenies inferred from DNA sequences of genes encoding the RNA polymerase II largest (RPB1) and second largest (RPB2) subunits as well as the trichothecene biosynthetic genes (TRI), F. goolgardi isolates were resolved as a monophyletic clade, distinct from other type A trichothecene-producing species. However, the relationships of F. goolgardi to the other species varied depending on whether phylogenies were inferred from RPB1 and RPB2, the 12-gene TRI cluster, the two-gene TRI1-TRI16 locus, or the single-gene TRI101 locus. Phylogenies based on different TRI loci resolved isolates with different chemotypes into distinct clades, even though only the TRI1-TRI16 locus is responsible for structural variation at C-8. Sequence analysis indicated that TRI1 and TRI16 are functional in F. goolgardi isolates with the DAS-NEO-T2 chemotype, but non-functional in isolates with DAS chemotype due to the presence of premature stop codons caused by a point mutation.
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253
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van Diepeningen AD, Brankovics B, Iltes J, van der Lee TAJ, Waalwijk C. Diagnosis of Fusarium Infections: Approaches to Identification by the Clinical Mycology Laboratory. CURRENT FUNGAL INFECTION REPORTS 2015; 9:135-143. [PMID: 26301000 PMCID: PMC4537702 DOI: 10.1007/s12281-015-0225-2] [Citation(s) in RCA: 50] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/13/2022]
Abstract
Infections caused by the genus Fusarium have emerged over the past decades and range from onychomycosis and keratitis in healthy individuals to deep and disseminated infections with high mortality rates in immune-compromised patients. As antifungal susceptibility can differ between the different Fusarium species, identification at species level is recommended. Several clinical observations as hyaline hyphae in tissue, necrotic lesions in the skin and positive blood tests with fungal growth or presence of fungal cell wall components may be the first hints for fusariosis. Many laboratories rely on morphological identification, but especially multi-locus sequencing proves better to discriminate among members of the species complexes involved in human infection. DNA-based diagnostic tools have best discriminatory power when based on translation elongation factor 1-α or the RNA polymerase II second largest subunit. However, assays based on the detection of other fusarial cell compounds such as peptides and cell wall components may also be used for identification. The purpose of this review is to provide an overview and a comparison of the different tools currently available for the diagnosis of fusariosis.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Balázs Brankovics
- />CBS-KNAW Fungal Biodiversity Centre, Uppsalalaan 8, 3584 CT Utrecht, The Netherlands
- />Institute of Biodiversity and Ecosystem Dynamics, University of Amsterdam, Amsterdam, The Netherlands
| | - Jearidienne Iltes
- />CBS-KNAW Fungal Biodiversity Centre, Uppsalalaan 8, 3584 CT Utrecht, The Netherlands
| | - Theo A. J. van der Lee
- />Plant Research International Wageningen UR, Droevendaalsesteeg 1, 6708 PB Wageningen, The Netherlands
| | - Cees Waalwijk
- />Plant Research International Wageningen UR, Droevendaalsesteeg 1, 6708 PB Wageningen, The Netherlands
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254
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Dermatitis in the Fringe-Toed Lizard, Acanthodactylus nilsoni Rastegar-Pouyani, 1998 (Sauria: Lacertidae) Associated with Fusarium proliferatum. Curr Microbiol 2015; 71:607-12. [PMID: 26292787 DOI: 10.1007/s00284-015-0892-9] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/03/2015] [Accepted: 07/09/2015] [Indexed: 10/23/2022]
Abstract
From July to October 2013, nine out of 40 Acanthodactylus nilsoni collected from Western Iran, showed clinical signs of dermatitis in the dorsal and ventral surface of neck and fingers. Therefore, the aim of this survey was to identify the fungal flora colonizing the skin of A. nilsoni using morphological and molecular studies. Nine isolates of Fusarium were obtained from infected lizard samples and identified as Fusarium proliferatum through study of morphological characters. In the present study, selected F. proliferatum isolates (USMGFSC 230-112, USMGFSC 186-113, and USMGFSC 33-114) were examined and phylogenetically analysed on the basis of partial sequences of the tef1 and tub2 genes. Sequence analysis supported the morphological data, and all isolates were placed within F. proliferatum species. This is the first report on morphological and molecular identification of F. proliferatum isolated from lizards' dermatitis in Iran.
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255
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Al-Hatmi AMS, Van Den Ende AHGG, Stielow JB, Van Diepeningen AD, Seifert KA, McCormick W, Assabgui R, Gräfenhan T, De Hoog GS, Levesque CA. Evaluation of two novel barcodes for species recognition of opportunistic pathogens in Fusarium. Fungal Biol 2015; 120:231-45. [PMID: 26781379 DOI: 10.1016/j.funbio.2015.08.006] [Citation(s) in RCA: 42] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/14/2015] [Revised: 07/28/2015] [Accepted: 08/04/2015] [Indexed: 02/06/2023]
Abstract
The genus Fusarium includes more than 200 species of which 73 have been isolated from human infections. Fusarium species are opportunistic human pathogens with variable aetiology. Species determination is best made with the combined phylogeny of protein-coding genes such as elongation factor (TEF1), RNA polymerase (RPB2) and the partial β-tubulin (BT2) gene. The internal transcribed spacers 1, 2 and 5.8S rRNA gene (ITS) have also been used, however, ITS cannot discriminate several closely related species and has nonorthologous copies in Fusarium. Currently, morphological approaches and tree-building methods are in use to define species and to discover hitherto undescribed species. Aftter a species is defined, DNA barcoding approaches can be used to identify species by the presence or absence of discrete nucleotide characters. We demonstrate the potential of two recently discovered DNA barcode loci, topoisomerase I (TOP1) and phosphoglycerate kinase (PGK), in combination with other routinely used markers such as TEF1, in an analysis of 144 Fusarium strains belonging to 52 species. Our barcoding study using TOP1 and PKG provided concordance of molecular data with TEF1. The currently accepted Fusarium species sampled were well supported in phylogenetic trees of both new markers.
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Affiliation(s)
- Abdullah M S Al-Hatmi
- CBS-KNAW Fungal Biodiversity Centre, P.O. Box 85167, 3508 AD Utrecht, The Netherlands; Institute of Biodiversity and Ecosystem Dynamics, University of Amsterdam, P.O. Box 94248, 1090 GE Amsterdam, The Netherlands; Directorate General of Health Services, Ibri Hospital, Ministry of Health, P.C.: 100, P.O. Box : 393, Ibri, Oman.
| | | | - J Benjamin Stielow
- CBS-KNAW Fungal Biodiversity Centre, P.O. Box 85167, 3508 AD Utrecht, The Netherlands
| | | | - Keith A Seifert
- Biodiversity (Mycology and Microbiology), Agriculture and Agri-Food Canada, 960 Carling Ave, Ottawa, Ontario K1A 0C6, Canada
| | - Wayne McCormick
- Biodiversity (Mycology and Microbiology), Agriculture and Agri-Food Canada, 960 Carling Ave, Ottawa, Ontario K1A 0C6, Canada
| | - Rafik Assabgui
- Biodiversity (Mycology and Microbiology), Agriculture and Agri-Food Canada, 960 Carling Ave, Ottawa, Ontario K1A 0C6, Canada
| | - Tom Gräfenhan
- Biodiversity (Mycology and Microbiology), Agriculture and Agri-Food Canada, 960 Carling Ave, Ottawa, Ontario K1A 0C6, Canada
| | - G Sybren De Hoog
- CBS-KNAW Fungal Biodiversity Centre, P.O. Box 85167, 3508 AD Utrecht, The Netherlands; Institute of Biodiversity and Ecosystem Dynamics, University of Amsterdam, P.O. Box 94248, 1090 GE Amsterdam, The Netherlands; Peking University Health Science Center, Research Center for Medical Mycology, Beijing 100034, PR China; Sun Yat-Sen Memorial Hospital, Sun Yat-Sen University, 107 Yanjiang W Rd, Guangzhou, China; Shanghai Institute of Medical Mycology, Changzheng Hospital, Second Military Medical University, Shanghai 200003, China; Basic Pathology Department, Federal University of Paraná State, Curitiba 81531-990, Paraná, Brazil; King Abdulaziz University, Jeddah 22254, Saudi Arabia
| | - C André Levesque
- Biodiversity (Mycology and Microbiology), Agriculture and Agri-Food Canada, 960 Carling Ave, Ottawa, Ontario K1A 0C6, Canada
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256
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Al-Hatmi AMS, Mirabolfathy M, Hagen F, Normand AC, Stielow JB, Karami-Osbo R, van Diepeningen AD, Meis JF, de Hoog GS. DNA barcoding, MALDI-TOF, and AFLP data support Fusarium ficicrescens as a distinct species within the Fusarium fujikuroi species complex. Fungal Biol 2015; 120:265-78. [PMID: 26781381 DOI: 10.1016/j.funbio.2015.08.001] [Citation(s) in RCA: 35] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/13/2015] [Revised: 07/22/2015] [Accepted: 08/04/2015] [Indexed: 12/14/2022]
Abstract
The Fusarium fujikuroi species complex (FFSC) is one of the most common groups of fusaria associated with plant diseases, mycotoxin production and traumatic and disseminated human infections. Here we present the description and taxonomy of a new taxon, Fusarium ficicrescens sp. nov., collected from contaminated fig fruits in Iran. Initially this species was identified as Fusarium andiyazi by morphology. In the present study the species was studied by multilocus sequence analysis, amplified fragment length polymorphism (AFLP), matrix-assisted laser desorption ionization time-of-flight mass spectrometry (MALDI-TOF MS) and phenotypic characters. Multilocus analyses were based on translation elongation factor 1α (TEF1), RNA polymerase subunit (RPB2) and beta-tubulin (BT2) and proved F. ficicrescens as a member of the FFSC. Phylogenetic analysis showed that the fungus is closely related to Fusarium lactis, Fusarium ramigenum, and Fusarium napiforme; known plant pathogens, mycotoxin producers, and occasionally occurring multidrug resistant opportunists. The new species differed by being able to grow at 37 °C and by the absence of mycotoxin production. TEF1 was confirmed as an essential barcode for identifying Fusarium species. In addition to TEF1, we evaluated BT2 and RPB2 in order to provide sufficient genetic and species boundaries information for recognition of the novel species.
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Affiliation(s)
- Abdullah M S Al-Hatmi
- CBS-KNAW Fungal Biodiversity Centre, Utrecht, The Netherlands; Institute of Biodiversity and Ecosystem Dynamics, University of Amsterdam, Amsterdam, The Netherlands; Directorate General of Health Services, Ministry of Health, Ibri Hospital, Ibri, Oman.
| | | | - Ferry Hagen
- Departments of Medical Microbiology and Infectious Diseases, Canisius Wilhelmina Hospital, Nijmegen, The Netherlands; Erasmus MC, Rotterdam, The Netherlands
| | - Anne-Cécile Normand
- Laboratoire de Parasitologie-Mycologie, CHU Timone, Université de la Méditerranée, Marseille, France
| | | | | | | | - Jacques F Meis
- Departments of Medical Microbiology and Infectious Diseases, Canisius Wilhelmina Hospital, Nijmegen, The Netherlands; Erasmus MC, Rotterdam, The Netherlands; Department of Medical Microbiology, Radboud University Medical Center, Nijmegen, The Netherlands
| | - G Sybren de Hoog
- CBS-KNAW Fungal Biodiversity Centre, Utrecht, The Netherlands; Institute of Biodiversity and Ecosystem Dynamics, University of Amsterdam, Amsterdam, The Netherlands; Basic Pathology Department, Federal University of Paraná State, Curitiba, Paraná, Brazil; King Abdulaziz University, Jeddah, Saudi Arabia
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257
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van Diepeningen AD, Feng P, Ahmed S, Sudhadham M, Bunyaratavej S, de Hoog GS. Spectrum of Fusarium infections in tropical dermatology evidenced by multilocus sequencing typing diagnostics. Mycoses 2015; 58:48-57. [PMID: 25530264 DOI: 10.1111/myc.12273] [Citation(s) in RCA: 53] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/17/2014] [Revised: 09/17/2014] [Accepted: 10/27/2014] [Indexed: 11/29/2022]
Abstract
Fusarium species are emerging causative agents of superficial, cutaneous and systemic human infections. In a study of the prevalence and genetic diversity of 464 fungal isolates from a dermatological ward in Thailand, 44 strains (9.5%) proved to belong to the genus Fusarium. Species identification was based on sequencing a portion of translation elongation factor 1-alpha (tef1-α), rDNA internal transcribed spacer and RNA-dependent polymerase subunit II (rpb2). Our results revealed that 37 isolates (84%) belonged to the Fusarium solani species complex (FSSC), one strain matched with Fusarium oxysporum (FOSC) complex 33, while six others belonged to the Fusarium incarnatum-equiseti species complex. Within the FSSC two predominant clusters represented Fusarium falciforme and recently described F. keratoplasticum. No gender differences in susceptibility to Fusarium were noted, but infections on the right side of the body prevailed. Eighty-nine per cent of the Fusarium isolates were involved in onychomycosis, while the remaining ones caused paronychia or severe tinea pedis. Comparing literature data, superficial infections by FSSC appear to be prevalent in Asia and Latin America, whereas FOSC is more common in Europe. The available data suggest that Fusarium is a common opportunistic human pathogens in tropical areas and has significant genetic variation worldwide.
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258
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Laurence MH, Walsh JL, Shuttleworth LA, Robinson DM, Johansen RM, Petrovic T, Vu TTH, Burgess LW, Summerell BA, Liew ECY. Six novel species of Fusarium from natural ecosystems in Australia. FUNGAL DIVERS 2015. [DOI: 10.1007/s13225-015-0337-6] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/01/2023]
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259
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Development of a Multilocus Sequence Typing System for Medically Relevant Bipolaris Species. J Clin Microbiol 2015. [PMID: 26202112 DOI: 10.1128/jcm.01546-15] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/20/2022] Open
Abstract
Multilocus sequence typing (MLST) is the gold standard genotyping technique for many microorganisms. This classification approach satisfies the requirements for a high-resolution, standardized, and archivable taxonomic system. Here, we describe the development of a novel MLST system to assist with the investigation of an unusual cluster of surgical site infections caused by Bipolaris spp. in postoperative cardiothoracic surgery (POCS) patients during January 2008 to December 2013 in the southeastern United States. We also used the same MLST system to perform a retrospective analysis on isolates from a 2012 Bipolaris endophthalmitis outbreak caused by a contaminated product. This MLST system showed high intraspecies discriminatory power for Bipolaris spicifera, B. hawaiiensis, and B. australiensis. Based on the relatedness of the isolates, the MLST data supported the hypothesis that infections in the POCS cluster were from different environmental sources while confirming that the endophthalmitis outbreak resulted from a point source, which was a contaminated medication.
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260
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Hart MM, Aleklett K, Chagnon PL, Egan C, Ghignone S, Helgason T, Lekberg Y, Öpik M, Pickles BJ, Waller L. Navigating the labyrinth: a guide to sequence-based, community ecology of arbuscular mycorrhizal fungi. THE NEW PHYTOLOGIST 2015; 207:235-247. [PMID: 25737096 DOI: 10.1111/nph.13340] [Citation(s) in RCA: 67] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/13/2014] [Accepted: 01/18/2015] [Indexed: 05/02/2023]
Abstract
Data generated from next generation sequencing (NGS) will soon comprise the majority of information about arbuscular mycorrhizal fungal (AMF) communities. Although these approaches give deeper insight, analysing NGS data involves decisions that can significantly affect results and conclusions. This is particularly true for AMF community studies, because much remains to be known about their basic biology and genetics. During a workshop in 2013, representatives from seven research groups using NGS for AMF community ecology gathered to discuss common challenges and directions for future research. Our goal was to improve the quality and accessibility of NGS data for the AMF research community. Discussions spanned sampling design, sample preservation, sequencing, bioinformatics and data archiving. With concrete examples we demonstrated how different approaches can significantly alter analysis outcomes. Failure to consider the consequences of these decisions may compound bias introduced at each step along the workflow. The products of these discussions have been summarized in this paper in order to serve as a guide for any researcher undertaking NGS sequencing of AMF communities.
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Affiliation(s)
- Miranda M Hart
- Biology University of British Columbia Okanagan, Kelowna, BC, Canada
| | - Kristin Aleklett
- Biology University of British Columbia Okanagan, Kelowna, BC, Canada
| | - Pierre-Luc Chagnon
- Département de Biologie, Université de Sherbrooke, 2500 Boulevard de l'université, Sherbrooke, QC, Canada
| | - Cameron Egan
- Biology University of British Columbia Okanagan, Kelowna, BC, Canada
| | - Stefano Ghignone
- Istituto per la Protezione Sostenibile delle Piante (UOS Torino), C.N.R., Torino, Italy
| | - Thorunn Helgason
- Department of Biology, University of York, Heslington, York, YO10 5DD, UK
| | - Ylva Lekberg
- MPG Ranch and Department for Ecosystem and Conservation Sciences, University of Montana, Missoula, MT, USA
| | - Maarja Öpik
- Department of Botany, University of Tartu, 40 Lai St, 51005, Tartu, Estonia
| | - Brian J Pickles
- Biology University of British Columbia Okanagan, Kelowna, BC, Canada
| | - Lauren Waller
- Division of Biological Sciences, University of Montana, Missoula, MT, USA
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261
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Steinberg C, Laurent J, Edel-Hermann V, Barbezant M, Sixt N, Dalle F, Aho S, Bonnin A, Hartemann P, Sautour M. Adaptation of Fusarium oxysporum and Fusarium dimerum to the specific aquatic environment provided by the water systems of hospitals. WATER RESEARCH 2015; 76:53-65. [PMID: 25792434 DOI: 10.1016/j.watres.2015.02.036] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/27/2014] [Revised: 01/29/2015] [Accepted: 02/19/2015] [Indexed: 06/04/2023]
Abstract
Members of the Fusarium group were recently detected in water distribution systems of several hospitals in the world. An epidemiological investigation was conducted over 2 years in hospital buildings in Dijon and Nancy (France) and in non-hospital buildings in Dijon. The fungi were detected only within the water distribution systems of the hospital buildings and also, but at very low concentrations, in the urban water network of Nancy. All fungi were identified as Fusarium oxysporum species complex (FOSC) and Fusarium dimerum species complex (FDSC) by sequencing part of the translation elongation factor 1-alpha (TEF-1α) gene. Very low diversity was found in each complex, suggesting the existence of a clonal population for each. Density and heterogeneous distributions according to buildings and variability over time were explained by episodic detachments of parts of the colony from biofilms in the pipes. Isolates of these waterborne populations as well as soilborne isolates were tested for their ability to grow in liquid medium in the presence of increasing concentrations of sodium hypochlorite, copper sulfate, anti-corrosion pipe coating, at various temperatures (4°-42 °C) and on agar medium with amphotericin B and voriconazole. The waterborne isolates tolerated higher sodium hypochlorite and copper sulfate concentrations and temperatures than did soilborne isolates but did not show any specific resistance to fungicides. In addition, unlike waterborne isolates, soilborne isolates did not survive in water even supplemented with glucose, while the former developed in the soil as well as soilborne isolates. We concluded the existence of homogeneous populations of FOSC and FDSC common to all contaminated hospital sites. These populations are present at very low densities in natural waters, making them difficult to detect, but they are adapted to the specific conditions offered by the complex water systems of public hospitals in Dijon and Nancy and probably other localities in the world.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Julie Laurent
- INRA, UMR1347 Agroécologie, 17 rue Sully, BP 86510, F-21000 Dijon, France
| | | | - Marie Barbezant
- Department Environment and Public, Health Nancy University, Hospital Hygiene Unit, 9 Avenue de la Forêt de Haye, BP154, F-54505 Vandoeuvre-Nancy Cedex, France
| | - Nathalie Sixt
- Environmental Microbiology, Plateau Technique de Biologie du CHU, 2 rue Angélique Ducoudray, BP 37013, F-21070 Dijon Cedex, France
| | - Frédéric Dalle
- Parasitology and Mycology laboratory, Plateau Technique de Biologie du CHU, 2 rue Angélique Ducoudray, BP 37013, F-21070 Dijon Cedex, France; Université de Bourgogne, UMR1347 Agroécologie, 17 rue Sully, BP 86510, F-21000 Dijon, France
| | - Serge Aho
- Hospital Hygiene and Epidemiology unit, Hôpital du Bocage, BP 77908, F-21079 Dijon Cedex, France
| | - Alain Bonnin
- Parasitology and Mycology laboratory, Plateau Technique de Biologie du CHU, 2 rue Angélique Ducoudray, BP 37013, F-21070 Dijon Cedex, France; Université de Bourgogne, UMR1347 Agroécologie, 17 rue Sully, BP 86510, F-21000 Dijon, France
| | - Philippe Hartemann
- Department Environment and Public, Health Nancy University, Hospital Hygiene Unit, 9 Avenue de la Forêt de Haye, BP154, F-54505 Vandoeuvre-Nancy Cedex, France
| | - Marc Sautour
- Parasitology and Mycology laboratory, Plateau Technique de Biologie du CHU, 2 rue Angélique Ducoudray, BP 37013, F-21070 Dijon Cedex, France; Université de Bourgogne, UMR1347 Agroécologie, 17 rue Sully, BP 86510, F-21000 Dijon, France
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262
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A Case of Fungus Ball-Type Pansinusitis Due to Fusarium proliferatum. Mycopathologia 2015; 180:251-5. [PMID: 26025662 DOI: 10.1007/s11046-015-9906-1] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/10/2015] [Accepted: 05/20/2015] [Indexed: 10/23/2022]
Abstract
Incidence of fungal sinusitis due to the genus Fusarium has increased during the last two decades. We report a case of fungus ball sinusitis with multiple sinuses involvement in an Iranian 21-year-old woman. The patient was diagnosed as having a fungus ball-type sinusitis in computed tomography scan. The sinus biopsy revealed fungal structures on histopathological and direct microscopic examinations and a Fusarium species arose in culture. Partial sequencing of the translation elongation factor 1-alpha identified the isolate as F. proliferatum. Removal of all lesions by endoscopic surgery resulted in a favorable outcome. To the best of our knowledge, this is the first case of F. proliferatum-associated fungus ball which involved multi-sinus and highlights the efficiency of molecular methods for discrimination of fungal agents involved.
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263
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Emergence of fusarioses in a university hospital in Turkey during a 20-year period. Eur J Clin Microbiol Infect Dis 2015; 34:1683-91. [DOI: 10.1007/s10096-015-2405-y] [Citation(s) in RCA: 24] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/26/2015] [Accepted: 05/05/2015] [Indexed: 12/22/2022]
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264
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Jacobson K, van Diepeningen A, Evans S, Fritts R, Gemmel P, Marsho C, Seely M, Wenndt A, Yang X, Jacobson P. Non-rainfall moisture activates fungal decomposition of surface litter in the Namib Sand Sea. PLoS One 2015; 10:e0126977. [PMID: 25978429 PMCID: PMC4433119 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0126977] [Citation(s) in RCA: 57] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/22/2015] [Accepted: 04/09/2015] [Indexed: 11/24/2022] Open
Abstract
The hyper-arid western Namib Sand Sea (mean annual rainfall 0-17 mm) is a detritus-based ecosystem in which primary production is driven by large, but infrequent rainfall events. A diverse Namib detritivore community is sustained by minimal moisture inputs from rain and fog. The decomposition of plant material in the Namib Sand Sea (NSS) has long been assumed to be the province of these detritivores, with beetles and termites alone accounting for the majority of litter losses. We have found that a mesophilic Ascomycete community, which responds within minutes to moisture availability, is present on litter of the perennial Namib dune grass Stipagrostis sabulicola. Important fungal traits that allow survival and decomposition in this hyper-arid environment with intense desiccation, temperature and UV radiation stress are darkly-pigmented hyphae, a thermal range that includes the relatively low temperature experienced during fog and dew, and an ability to survive daily thermal and desiccation stress at temperatures as high as 50°C for five hours. While rainfall is very limited in this area, fog and high humidity provide regular periods (≥ 1 hour) of sufficient moisture that can wet substrates and hence allow fungal growth on average every 3 days. Furthermore, these fungi reduce the C/N ratio of the litter by a factor of two and thus detritivores, like the termite Psammotermes allocerus, favor fungal-infected litter parts. Our studies show that despite the hyper-aridity of the NSS, fungi are a key component of energy flow and biogeochemical cycling that should be accounted for in models addressing how the NSS ecosystem will respond to projected climate changes which may alter precipitation, dew and fog regimes.
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Affiliation(s)
- Kathryn Jacobson
- Biology Department, Grinnell College, Grinnell, Iowa, United States of America
| | | | - Sarah Evans
- Kellogg Biological Station, Michigan State University, Hickory Corners, Michigan, United States of America
| | - Rachel Fritts
- Biology Department, Grinnell College, Grinnell, Iowa, United States of America
| | - Philipp Gemmel
- Biology Department, Grinnell College, Grinnell, Iowa, United States of America
| | - Chris Marsho
- Biology Department, Grinnell College, Grinnell, Iowa, United States of America
| | - Mary Seely
- Gobabeb Research and Training Centre, Gobabeb, Namibia
| | - Anthony Wenndt
- Biology Department, Grinnell College, Grinnell, Iowa, United States of America
| | - Xiaoxuan Yang
- Biology Department, Grinnell College, Grinnell, Iowa, United States of America
| | - Peter Jacobson
- Biology Department, Grinnell College, Grinnell, Iowa, United States of America
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Slavin M, van Hal S, Sorrell T, Lee A, Marriott D, Daveson K, Kennedy K, Hajkowicz K, Halliday C, Athan E, Bak N, Cheong E, Heath C, Orla Morrissey C, Kidd S, Beresford R, Blyth C, Korman T, Owen Robinson J, Meyer W, Chen SA. Invasive infections due to filamentous fungi other than Aspergillus: epidemiology and determinants of mortality. Clin Microbiol Infect 2015; 21:490.e1-10. [DOI: 10.1016/j.cmi.2014.12.021] [Citation(s) in RCA: 102] [Impact Index Per Article: 11.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/14/2014] [Revised: 12/18/2014] [Accepted: 12/30/2014] [Indexed: 11/30/2022]
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266
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Irinyi L, Lackner M, de Hoog GS, Meyer W. DNA barcoding of fungi causing infections in humans and animals. Fungal Biol 2015; 120:125-36. [PMID: 26781368 DOI: 10.1016/j.funbio.2015.04.007] [Citation(s) in RCA: 53] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/03/2015] [Revised: 04/12/2015] [Accepted: 04/17/2015] [Indexed: 12/14/2022]
Abstract
Correct species identification is becoming increasingly important in clinical diagnostics. Till now, many mycological laboratories rely on conventional phenotypic identification. But this is slow and strongly operator-dependent. Therefore, to improve the quality of pathogen identification, rapid, reliable, and objective identification methods are essential. One of the most encouraging approaches is molecular barcoding using the internal transcribed spacer (ITS) of the rDNA, which is rapid, easily achievable, accurate, and applicable directly from clinical specimens. It relies on the comparison of a single ITS sequence with a curated reference database. The International Society for Human and Animal Mycology (ISHAM) working group for DNA barcoding has recently established such a database, focusing on the majority of human and animal pathogenic fungi (ISHAM-ITS, freely accessible at http://www.isham.org/ or directly from http://its.mycologylab.org). For some fungi the use of secondary barcodes may be necessary.
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Affiliation(s)
- Laszlo Irinyi
- Molecular Mycology Research Laboratory, Centre for Infectious Diseases and Microbiology, Sydney Medical School - Westmead Hospital, Marie Bashir Institute for Infectious Diseases and Biosecurity, The University of Sydney, Westmead Millennium Institute, Sydney, NSW, Australia
| | - Michaela Lackner
- Division of Hygiene and Medical Microbiology, Medical University of Innsbruck, Innsbruck, 6020, Austria
| | - G Sybren de Hoog
- CBS-KNAW Fungal Biodiversity Centre, Utrecht, 3508 AD, The Netherlands
| | - Wieland Meyer
- Molecular Mycology Research Laboratory, Centre for Infectious Diseases and Microbiology, Sydney Medical School - Westmead Hospital, Marie Bashir Institute for Infectious Diseases and Biosecurity, The University of Sydney, Westmead Millennium Institute, Sydney, NSW, Australia.
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García-Ruiz JC, Olazábal I, Adán Pedroso RM, López-Soria L, Velasco-Benito V, Sánchez-Aparicio JA, Navajas A, Montejo M, Moragues MD. Disseminated fusariosis and hematologic malignancies, a still devastating association. Report of three new cases. Rev Iberoam Micol 2015; 32:190-6. [PMID: 25936697 DOI: 10.1016/j.riam.2014.11.003] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/13/2014] [Revised: 11/12/2014] [Accepted: 11/21/2014] [Indexed: 11/27/2022] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Fungi of the genus Fusarium are primarily plant pathogens and saprobes that produce disseminated infections in immunologically deficient humans. After aspergillosis, disseminated fusariosis is the second most common cause of invasive infection by filamentous fungi in patients with hematologic malignancies or those undergoing transplants of hematopoietic progenitors. AIMS Disseminated fusariosis (DF) is considered an extremely rare infection and has reached a stable incidence rate, but its high mortality rate and the lack of an optimal management protocol have raised increasing interest in this mycosis. METHODS We present three cases of DF produced by Fusarium oxysporum species complex, Fusarium solani species complex and the highly unusual Fusarium dimerum in patients with advanced hematological malignancies diagnosed in our hospital between 2007 and 2011. The species level identification of the Fusarium isolates was established by sequencing their TEF1 gene. RESULTS The isolates showed low susceptibility to most of the antifungal agents analyzed, except that observed for F. dimerum to amphotericin B (AmB) and terbinafine, and F. oxysporum species complex to AmB. Interestingly, the strain of F. solani species complex exhibited high MIC values for AmB and voriconazole, notwithstanding these drugs were used for treatment with good results. Other relevant aspects to be considered in the treatment of DF are surgically cleaning foci of infection, withdrawing presumably contaminated catheters and recovery from neutropenia. CONCLUSIONS The prevention of infection in colonized patients, the maintenance of a high level of diagnostic suspicion for early diagnosis, and the combined, vigorous and prolonged use of L-AmB and voriconazole are essential to decrease the mortality rate of this devastating infection.
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Affiliation(s)
- Juan Carlos García-Ruiz
- Servicio de Hematología y Hemoterapia, BioCruces Health Research Institute, Hospital Universitario Cruces, Plaza de Cruces s/n, 48903 Barakaldo, Bizkaia, Spain
| | - Iñigo Olazábal
- Servicio de Hematología y Hemoterapia, BioCruces Health Research Institute, Hospital Universitario Cruces, Plaza de Cruces s/n, 48903 Barakaldo, Bizkaia, Spain
| | - Rosa María Adán Pedroso
- Servicio de Pediatría, BioCruces Health Research Institute, Hospital Universitario Cruces, Barakaldo, Bizkaia, Spain
| | - Leyre López-Soria
- Servicio de Microbiología, Hospital Universitario Cruces, Barakaldo, Bizkaia, Spain
| | - Verónica Velasco-Benito
- Servicio de Anatomía Patológica, BioCruces Health Research Institute, Hospital Universitario Cruces, Barakaldo, Bizkaia, Spain
| | | | - Aurora Navajas
- Servicio de Pediatría, BioCruces Health Research Institute, Hospital Universitario Cruces, Barakaldo, Bizkaia, Spain
| | - Miguel Montejo
- Unidad de Enfermedades Infecciosas, Hospital Universitario Cruces, BioCruces Health Research Institute, Universidad del País Vasco (UPV/EHU), Barakaldo, Bizkaia, Spain
| | - María-Dolores Moragues
- Departamento de Enfermería, Escuela de Enfermería, Universidad del País Vasco UPV/EHU, Leioa, Bizkaia, Spain.
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268
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Irinyi L, Serena C, Garcia-Hermoso D, Arabatzis M, Desnos-Ollivier M, Vu D, Cardinali G, Arthur I, Normand AC, Giraldo A, da Cunha KC, Sandoval-Denis M, Hendrickx M, Nishikaku AS, de Azevedo Melo AS, Merseguel KB, Khan A, Parente Rocha JA, Sampaio P, da Silva Briones MR, e Ferreira RC, de Medeiros Muniz M, Castañón-Olivares LR, Estrada-Barcenas D, Cassagne C, Mary C, Duan SY, Kong F, Sun AY, Zeng X, Zhao Z, Gantois N, Botterel F, Robbertse B, Schoch C, Gams W, Ellis D, Halliday C, Chen S, Sorrell TC, Piarroux R, Colombo AL, Pais C, de Hoog S, Zancopé-Oliveira RM, Taylor ML, Toriello C, de Almeida Soares CM, Delhaes L, Stubbe D, Dromer F, Ranque S, Guarro J, Cano-Lira JF, Robert V, Velegraki A, Meyer W. International Society of Human and Animal Mycology (ISHAM)-ITS reference DNA barcoding database--the quality controlled standard tool for routine identification of human and animal pathogenic fungi. Med Mycol 2015; 53:313-37. [PMID: 25802363 DOI: 10.1093/mmy/myv008] [Citation(s) in RCA: 207] [Impact Index Per Article: 23.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/22/2014] [Accepted: 01/19/2015] [Indexed: 12/13/2022] Open
Abstract
Human and animal fungal pathogens are a growing threat worldwide leading to emerging infections and creating new risks for established ones. There is a growing need for a rapid and accurate identification of pathogens to enable early diagnosis and targeted antifungal therapy. Morphological and biochemical identification methods are time-consuming and require trained experts. Alternatively, molecular methods, such as DNA barcoding, a powerful and easy tool for rapid monophasic identification, offer a practical approach for species identification and less demanding in terms of taxonomical expertise. However, its wide-spread use is still limited by a lack of quality-controlled reference databases and the evolving recognition and definition of new fungal species/complexes. An international consortium of medical mycology laboratories was formed aiming to establish a quality controlled ITS database under the umbrella of the ISHAM working group on "DNA barcoding of human and animal pathogenic fungi." A new database, containing 2800 ITS sequences representing 421 fungal species, providing the medical community with a freely accessible tool at http://www.isham.org/ and http://its.mycologylab.org/ to rapidly and reliably identify most agents of mycoses, was established. The generated sequences included in the new database were used to evaluate the variation and overall utility of the ITS region for the identification of pathogenic fungi at intra-and interspecies level. The average intraspecies variation ranged from 0 to 2.25%. This highlighted selected pathogenic fungal species, such as the dermatophytes and emerging yeast, for which additional molecular methods/genetic markers are required for their reliable identification from clinical and veterinary specimens.
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Affiliation(s)
- Laszlo Irinyi
- Molecular Mycology Research Laboratory, Centre for Infectious Diseases and Microbiology, Sydney Medical School-Westmead Hospital, Marie Bashir Institute for Infectious Diseases and Bioscurity, University of Sydney, Westmead Millennium Institute, Sydney, Australia
| | - Carolina Serena
- Molecular Mycology Research Laboratory, Centre for Infectious Diseases and Microbiology, Sydney Medical School-Westmead Hospital, Marie Bashir Institute for Infectious Diseases and Bioscurity, University of Sydney, Westmead Millennium Institute, Sydney, Australia Unitat de Recerca, Hospital Joan XXIII, Institut de Investigacio Sanitaria Rovira I Virgili (IISPV), Universitat Rovira i Virgili, Tarragona, Spain
| | - Dea Garcia-Hermoso
- Institut Pasteur, National Reference Center for Invasive Mycoses and Antifungals, Molecular Mycology Unit; CNRS URA3012, Paris, France
| | - Michael Arabatzis
- Mycology Research Laboratory, Department of Microbiology, Medical School, the University of Athens Hellenic Collection of Pathogenic Fungi (UOA/HCPF), National and Kapodistrian University of Athens, Athens, Greece
| | - Marie Desnos-Ollivier
- Institut Pasteur, National Reference Center for Invasive Mycoses and Antifungals, Molecular Mycology Unit; CNRS URA3012, Paris, France
| | - Duong Vu
- CBS-KNAW, Fungal Biodiversity Centre, Utrecht, The Netherlands
| | - Gianluigi Cardinali
- Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences-Università degli Studi di Perugia, Perugia, Italy
| | - Ian Arthur
- Mycology Laboratory, Department of Microbiology and Infectious Diseases, PathWest Laboratory Medicine WA, QEII Medical Centre, Nedlands, Western Australia, Australia
| | - Anne-Cécile Normand
- Parasitology - Mycology, APHM, CHU Timone-Adultes, Marseille, France; Aix-Marseille University, UMR MD3 IP-TPT, Marseille, France
| | - Alejandra Giraldo
- Unitat de Microbiologia, Facultat de Medicina i Ciències de la Salut, IISPV, Universitat Rovira i Virgili, Reus, Spain
| | - Keith Cassia da Cunha
- Unitat de Microbiologia, Facultat de Medicina i Ciències de la Salut, IISPV, Universitat Rovira i Virgili, Reus, Spain
| | - Marcelo Sandoval-Denis
- Unitat de Microbiologia, Facultat de Medicina i Ciències de la Salut, IISPV, Universitat Rovira i Virgili, Reus, Spain
| | - Marijke Hendrickx
- BCCM/IHEM, Biomedical fungi and yeasts collection, Scientific Institute of Public Health, Brussels, Belgium
| | - Angela Satie Nishikaku
- Laboratório Especial de Micologia, Escola Paulista de Medicina, Universidade Federal de São Paulo, São Paulo, Brazil
| | - Analy Salles de Azevedo Melo
- Laboratório Especial de Micologia, Escola Paulista de Medicina, Universidade Federal de São Paulo, São Paulo, Brazil
| | | | - Aziza Khan
- Molecular Mycology Research Laboratory, Centre for Infectious Diseases and Microbiology, Sydney Medical School-Westmead Hospital, Marie Bashir Institute for Infectious Diseases and Bioscurity, University of Sydney, Westmead Millennium Institute, Sydney, Australia
| | - Juliana Alves Parente Rocha
- Universidade Federal de Goiás, Instituto de Ciências Biológicas, Laboratório de Biologia Molecular, Goiânia, Goiás, Brazil
| | - Paula Sampaio
- Centre of Molecular and Environmental Biology (CBMA), Biology Department, School of Sciences, University of Minho, Braga, Portugal
| | - Marcelo Ribeiro da Silva Briones
- Laboratório de Genômica e Biocomplexidade Evolutiva, Escola Paulista de Medicina, Universidade Federal de São Paulo, São Paulo, Brazil
| | - Renata Carmona e Ferreira
- Laboratório de Genômica e Biocomplexidade Evolutiva, Escola Paulista de Medicina, Universidade Federal de São Paulo, São Paulo, Brazil
| | - Mauro de Medeiros Muniz
- Instituto de Pesquisa Clínica Evandro Chagas (IPEC), Fundação Oswaldo Cruz (Fiocruz), Rio de Janeiro, Brazil
| | - Laura Rosio Castañón-Olivares
- Facultad de Medicina, Departamento de Microbiología y Parasitología (Unidad de Micología), Universidad Nacional Autónoma de México, Ciudad de México, México
| | - Daniel Estrada-Barcenas
- Facultad de Medicina, Departamento de Microbiología y Parasitología (Unidad de Micología), Universidad Nacional Autónoma de México, Ciudad de México, México
| | - Carole Cassagne
- Parasitology - Mycology, APHM, CHU Timone-Adultes, Marseille, France; Aix-Marseille University, UMR MD3 IP-TPT, Marseille, France
| | - Charles Mary
- Parasitology - Mycology, APHM, CHU Timone-Adultes, Marseille, France; Aix-Marseille University, UMR MD3 IP-TPT, Marseille, France
| | - Shu Yao Duan
- Molecular Mycology Research Laboratory, Centre for Infectious Diseases and Microbiology, Sydney Medical School-Westmead Hospital, Marie Bashir Institute for Infectious Diseases and Bioscurity, University of Sydney, Westmead Millennium Institute, Sydney, Australia
| | - Fanrong Kong
- Centre for Infectious Diseases and Microbiology, Westmead Hospital, Westmead, NSW, Australia
| | - Annie Ying Sun
- School of Paediatrics and Reproductive Health, University of Adelaide, Adelaide, SA, Australia; Robinson Institute, University of Adelaide, Adelaide, SA, Australia
| | - Xianyu Zeng
- Centre for Infectious Diseases and Microbiology, Westmead Hospital, Westmead, NSW, Australia
| | - Zuotao Zhao
- Centre for Infectious Diseases and Microbiology, Westmead Hospital, Westmead, NSW, Australia
| | - Nausicaa Gantois
- BDEEP-EA4547, CIIL, Institut Pasteur de Lille, CHU de Lille, Université de Lille2, Lille, France
| | - Françoise Botterel
- Unité de Parasitologie - Mycologie, Dynamyc Team, CHU Henri Mondor, AP-HP, Créteil, France
| | - Barbara Robbertse
- National Center for Biotechnology Information, National Library of Medicine, National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, Maryland, USA
| | - Conrad Schoch
- National Center for Biotechnology Information, National Library of Medicine, National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, Maryland, USA
| | - Walter Gams
- CBS-KNAW, Fungal Biodiversity Centre, Utrecht, The Netherlands
| | - David Ellis
- Mycology and Infectious Diseases, SA Pathology, University of Adelaide, Adelaide, SA, Australia
| | - Catriona Halliday
- Centre for Infectious Diseases and Microbiology, Westmead Hospital, Westmead, NSW, Australia
| | - Sharon Chen
- Molecular Mycology Research Laboratory, Centre for Infectious Diseases and Microbiology, Sydney Medical School-Westmead Hospital, Marie Bashir Institute for Infectious Diseases and Bioscurity, University of Sydney, Westmead Millennium Institute, Sydney, Australia Centre for Infectious Diseases and Microbiology, Westmead Hospital, Westmead, NSW, Australia
| | - Tania C Sorrell
- Molecular Mycology Research Laboratory, Centre for Infectious Diseases and Microbiology, Sydney Medical School-Westmead Hospital, Marie Bashir Institute for Infectious Diseases and Bioscurity, University of Sydney, Westmead Millennium Institute, Sydney, Australia
| | - Renaud Piarroux
- Parasitology - Mycology, APHM, CHU Timone-Adultes, Marseille, France; Aix-Marseille University, UMR MD3 IP-TPT, Marseille, France
| | - Arnaldo L Colombo
- Laboratório Especial de Micologia, Escola Paulista de Medicina, Universidade Federal de São Paulo, São Paulo, Brazil
| | - Célia Pais
- Centre of Molecular and Environmental Biology (CBMA), Biology Department, School of Sciences, University of Minho, Braga, Portugal
| | - Sybren de Hoog
- CBS-KNAW, Fungal Biodiversity Centre, Utrecht, The Netherlands
| | | | - Maria Lucia Taylor
- Facultad de Medicina, Departamento de Microbiología y Parasitología (Unidad de Micología), Universidad Nacional Autónoma de México, Ciudad de México, México
| | - Conchita Toriello
- Facultad de Medicina, Departamento de Microbiología y Parasitología (Unidad de Micología), Universidad Nacional Autónoma de México, Ciudad de México, México
| | - Célia Maria de Almeida Soares
- Universidade Federal de Goiás, Instituto de Ciências Biológicas, Laboratório de Biologia Molecular, Goiânia, Goiás, Brazil
| | - Laurence Delhaes
- BDEEP-EA4547, CIIL, Institut Pasteur de Lille, CHU de Lille, Université de Lille2, Lille, France
| | - Dirk Stubbe
- BCCM/IHEM, Biomedical fungi and yeasts collection, Scientific Institute of Public Health, Brussels, Belgium
| | - Françoise Dromer
- Institut Pasteur, National Reference Center for Invasive Mycoses and Antifungals, Molecular Mycology Unit; CNRS URA3012, Paris, France
| | - Stéphane Ranque
- Parasitology - Mycology, APHM, CHU Timone-Adultes, Marseille, France; Aix-Marseille University, UMR MD3 IP-TPT, Marseille, France
| | - Josep Guarro
- Unitat de Microbiologia, Facultat de Medicina i Ciències de la Salut, IISPV, Universitat Rovira i Virgili, Reus, Spain
| | - Jose F Cano-Lira
- Unitat de Microbiologia, Facultat de Medicina i Ciències de la Salut, IISPV, Universitat Rovira i Virgili, Reus, Spain
| | - Vincent Robert
- CBS-KNAW, Fungal Biodiversity Centre, Utrecht, The Netherlands
| | - Aristea Velegraki
- Mycology Research Laboratory, Department of Microbiology, Medical School, the University of Athens Hellenic Collection of Pathogenic Fungi (UOA/HCPF), National and Kapodistrian University of Athens, Athens, Greece
| | - Wieland Meyer
- Molecular Mycology Research Laboratory, Centre for Infectious Diseases and Microbiology, Sydney Medical School-Westmead Hospital, Marie Bashir Institute for Infectious Diseases and Bioscurity, University of Sydney, Westmead Millennium Institute, Sydney, Australia
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Edel-Hermann V, Gautheron N, Mounier A, Steinberg C. Fusarium diversity in soil using a specific molecular approach and a cultural approach. J Microbiol Methods 2015; 111:64-71. [PMID: 25655778 DOI: 10.1016/j.mimet.2015.01.026] [Citation(s) in RCA: 36] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/21/2014] [Revised: 01/30/2015] [Accepted: 01/30/2015] [Indexed: 12/30/2022]
Abstract
Fusarium species are ubiquitous in soil. They cause plant and human diseases and can produce mycotoxins. Surveys of Fusarium species diversity in environmental samples usually rely on laborious culture-based methods. In the present study, we have developed a molecular method to analyze Fusarium diversity directly from soil DNA. We designed primers targeting the translation elongation factor 1-alpha (EF-1α) gene and demonstrated their specificity toward Fusarium using a large collection of fungi. We used the specific primers to construct a clone library from three contrasting soils. Sequence analysis confirmed the specificity of the assay, with 750 clones identified as Fusarium and distributed among eight species or species complexes. The Fusarium oxysporum species complex (FOSC) was the most abundant one in the three soils, followed by the Fusarium solani species complex (FSSC). We then compared our molecular approach results with those obtained by isolating Fusarium colonies on two culture media and identifying species by sequencing part of the EF-1α gene. The 750 isolates were distributed into eight species or species complexes, with the same dominant species as with the cloning method. Sequence diversity was much higher in the clone library than in the isolate collection. The molecular approach proved to be a valuable tool to assess Fusarium diversity in environmental samples. Combined with high throughput sequencing, it will allow for in-depth analysis of large numbers of samples.
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Affiliation(s)
| | | | - Arnaud Mounier
- INRA, UMR1347 Agroécologie, BP 86510, F-21000 Dijon, France
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Abstract
The ascomycete family Nectriaceae (Hypocreales) includes numerous important plant and human pathogens, as well as several species used extensively in industrial and commercial applications as biodegraders and biocontrol agents. Members of the family are unified by phenotypic characters such as uniloculate ascomata that are yellow, orange-red to purple, and with phialidic asexual morphs. The generic concepts in Nectriaceae are poorly defined, since DNA sequence data have not been available for many of these genera. To address this issue we performed a multi-gene phylogenetic analysis using partial sequences for the 28S large subunit (LSU) nrDNA, the internal transcribed spacer region and intervening 5.8S nrRNA gene (ITS), the large subunit of the ATP citrate lyase (acl1), the RNA polymerase II largest subunit (rpb1), RNA polymerase II second largest subunit (rpb2), α-actin (act), β-tubulin (tub2), calmodulin (cmdA), histone H3 (his3), and translation elongation factor 1-alpha (tef1) gene regions for available type and authentic strains representing known genera in Nectriaceae, including several genera for which no sequence data were previously available. Supported by morphological observations, the data resolved 47 genera in the Nectriaceae. We re-evaluated the status of several genera, which resulted in the introduction of six new genera to accommodate species that were initially classified based solely on morphological characters. Several generic names are proposed for synonymy based on the abolishment of dual nomenclature. Additionally, a new family is introduced for two genera that were previously accommodated in the Nectriaceae.
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Key Words
- A. submerse (H.J. Huds.) L. Lombard & Crous
- Aquanectria L. Lombard & Crous
- Aquanectria penicillioides (Ingold) L. Lombard & Crous
- B. delphinoides (Schroers, Summerbell, O'Donnell & Lampr.) L. Lombard & Crous
- B. dimerum (Penz.) L. Lombard & Crous
- B. domesticum (Fr.) L. Lombard & Crous
- B. lunatum (Ellis & Everh.) L. Lombard & Crous
- B. nectrioides (Wollenw.) L. Lombard & Crous
- B. penzigii (Schroers, Summerbell & O'Donnell) L. Lombard & Crous
- Bisifusarium L. Lombard, Crous & W. Gams
- Bisifusarium biseptatum (Schroers, Summerbell & O'Donnell) L. Lombard & Crous
- C. aurantia (Penz. & Sacc.) Rossman, L. Lombard & Crous
- C. blumenaviae (Rehm) Rossman, L. Lombard & Crous
- C. cylindrospora (Ellis & Everh.) Rossman, L. Lombard & Crous
- C. gibberosa (Schroers) Rossman, L. Lombard & Crous
- C. manihotis (Rick) Rossman, L. Lombard & Crous
- C. parva (Schroers) Rossman, L. Lombard & Crous
- C. rusci (Lechat, Gardiennet & J. Fourn.) L. Lombard & Crous
- C. tonduzii (Speg.) Rossman, L. Lombard & Crous
- C. tornata (Höhn.) Rossman, L. Lombard & Crous
- Calonectria candelabra (Viégas) Rossman, L. Lombard & Crous
- Clonostachys apocyni (Peck) Rossman, L. Lombard & Crous
- Coccinonectria L. Lombard & Crous
- Coccinonectria pachysandricola (B.O. Dodge) L. Lombard & Crous
- Generic concepts
- Hydropisphaera fusigera (Berk. & Broome) Rossman, L. Lombard & Crous
- I. macroconidialis (Brayford & Samuels) Rossman, L. Lombard & Crous, Mariannaea catenulatae (Samuels) L. Lombard & Crous
- Ilyonectria destructans (Zinssm.) Rossman, L. Lombard & Crous
- Mariannaea humicola L. Lombard & Crous
- Mariannaea pinicola L. Lombard & Crous
- N. falciformis (Carrión) L. Lombard & Crous
- N. illudens (Berk.) L. Lombard & Crous
- N. ipomoeae (Halst.) L. Lombard & Crous
- N. monilifera (Berk. & Broome) L. Lombard & Crous
- N. phaseoli (Burkh.) L. Lombard & Crous
- N. plagianthi (Dingley) L. Lombard & Crous
- N. ramosa (Bat. & H. Maia) L. Lombard & Crous
- N. solani (Mart.) L. Lombard & Crous
- N. termitum (Höhn.) L. Lombard & Crous
- N. tucumaniae (T. Aoki, O'Donnell, Yos. Homma & Lattanzi) L. Lombard & Crous
- N. virguliformis (O'Donnell & T. Aoki) L. Lombard & Crous
- Nectriaceae
- Nectriopsis rexiana (Sacc.) Rossman, L. Lombard & Crous
- Neocosmospora ambrosia (Gadd & Loos) L. Lombard & Crous
- Neocosmospora rubicola L. Lombard & Crous
- Neonectria candida (Ehrenb.) Rossman, L. Lombard & Crous
- P. contagium L. Lombard & Crous
- Paracremonium L. Lombard & Crous
- Paracremonium inflatum L. Lombard & Crous
- Penicillifer diparietisporus (J.H. Miller, Giddens & A.A. Foster) Rossman, L. Lombard & Crous
- Phylogeny
- Pseudonectria foliicola L. Lombard & Crous
- Rectifusarium L. Lombard, Crous & W. Gams
- Rectifusarium robinianum L. Lombard & Crous
- Rectifusarium ventricosum (Appel & Wollenw.) L. Lombard & Crous
- Rectifusarium ventricosum Appel & Wollenw.
- S. aurifila (W.R. Gerard) Rossman, L. Lombard & Crous
- S. mammiforme (Chardón) L. Lombard & Crous
- S. oblongisporum (Y. Nong & W.Y. Zhuang) L. Lombard & Crous
- S. raripilum (Penz. & Sacc.) L. Lombard & Crous
- Sarcopodium flavolanatum (Berk. & Broome) L. Lombard & Crous
- Sphaerostilbella penicillioides (Corda) Rossman, L. Lombard & Crous
- Taxonomy
- Tilachlidiaceae L. Lombard & Crous
- Volutella asiana (J. Luo, X.M. Zhang & W.Y. Zhuang) L. Lombard & Crous
- Xenoacremonium L. Lombard & Crous
- Xenoacremonium falcatus L. Lombard & Crous
- Xenoacremonium recifei (Leão & Lôbo) L. Lombard & Crous
- Xenogliocladiopsis cypellocarpa L. Lombard & Crous
- Xenogliocladiopsis eucalyptorum Crous & W.B. Kendr.
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Affiliation(s)
- L Lombard
- CBS-KNAW Fungal Biodiversity Centre, Uppsalalaan 8, 3584 CT, Utrecht, The Netherlands
| | - N A van der Merwe
- Department of Genetics, Forestry and Agricultural Biotechnology Centre (FABI), University of Pretoria, Pretoria, 0002, South Africa
| | - J Z Groenewald
- CBS-KNAW Fungal Biodiversity Centre, Uppsalalaan 8, 3584 CT, Utrecht, The Netherlands
| | - P W Crous
- CBS-KNAW Fungal Biodiversity Centre, Uppsalalaan 8, 3584 CT, Utrecht, The Netherlands; Forestry and Agricultural Biotechnology Centre (FABI), University of Pretoria, Pretoria, 0002, South Africa; Microbiology, Department of Biology, Utrecht University, Padualaan 8, 3584 CH, Utrecht, The Netherlands
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Järv H. Onychomycosis caused by Onychocola canadensis: the first report in Estonia and lessons to learn. Mycoses 2015; 58:113-7. [PMID: 25591072 DOI: 10.1111/myc.12281] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/08/2014] [Revised: 11/09/2014] [Accepted: 11/17/2014] [Indexed: 11/30/2022]
Abstract
We report the first case of onychomycosis caused by Onychocola canadensis in Estonia. We believe that the number of nail infections caused by this fungus is underestimated due to the current diagnostic algorithm of non-dermatophytic onychomycosis. The need to define categories and criteria for 'proven' and 'probable' non-dermatophyte mold infections to promote more extensive studies in the future is also discussed.
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Affiliation(s)
- Helle Järv
- Department of Botany, University of Tartu, Institute of Ecology and Earth Sciences, Tartu, Estonia; Department of Microbiology, Tartu University Hospitals, United Laboratories, Tartu, Estonia
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272
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Candida and Fusarium species known as opportunistic human pathogens from customer-accessible parts of residential washing machines. Fungal Biol 2015; 119:95-113. [PMID: 25749362 DOI: 10.1016/j.funbio.2014.10.007] [Citation(s) in RCA: 53] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/21/2014] [Revised: 10/22/2014] [Accepted: 10/24/2014] [Indexed: 11/22/2022]
Abstract
Energy constraints have altered consumer practice regarding the use of household washing machines. Washing machines were developed that use lower washing temperatures, smaller amounts of water and biodegradable detergents. These conditions may favour the enrichment of opportunistic human pathogenic fungi. We focused on the isolation of fungi from two user-accessible parts of washing machines that often contain microbial biofilms: drawers for detergents and rubber door seals. Out of 70 residential washing machines sampled in Slovenia, 79% were positive for fungi. In total, 72 strains belonging to 12 genera and 26 species were isolated. Among these, members of the Fusarium oxysporum and Fusarium solani species complexes, Candida parapsilosis and Exophiala phaeomuriformis represented 44% of fungi detected. These species are known as opportunistic human pathogens and can cause skin, nail or eye infections also in healthy humans. A machine learning analysis revealed that presence of detergents and softeners followed by washing temperature, represent most critical factors for fungal colonization. Three washing machines with persisting malodour that resulted in bad smelling laundry were analysed for the presence of fungi and bacteria. In these cases, fungi were isolated in low numbers (7.5 %), while bacteria Micrococcus luteus, Pseudomonas aeruginosa, and Sphingomonas species prevailed.
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273
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Al-Hatmi AMS, Bonifaz A, de Hoog GS, Vazquez-Maya L, Garcia-Carmona K, Meis JF, van Diepeningen AD. Keratitis by Fusarium temperatum, a novel opportunist. BMC Infect Dis 2014; 14:588. [PMID: 25388601 PMCID: PMC4234859 DOI: 10.1186/s12879-014-0588-y] [Citation(s) in RCA: 32] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/01/2014] [Accepted: 10/24/2014] [Indexed: 01/24/2023] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Fusarium species are among the most common fungi present in the environment and some species have emerged as major opportunistic fungal infection in human. However, in immunocompromised hosts they can be virulent pathogens and can cause death. The pathogenesis of this infection relies on three factors: colonization, tissue damage, and immunosuppression. A novel Fusarium species is reported for the first time from keratitis in an agriculture worker who acquired the infection from plant material of maize. Maize plants are the natural host of this fungus where it causes stalk rot and seeding malformation under temperate and humid climatic conditions. The clinical manifestation, microbiological morphology, physiological features and molecular data are described. METHODS Diagnosis was established by using polymerase chain reaction of fungal DNA followed by sequencing portions of translation elongation factor 1 alpha (TEF1 α) and beta-tubulin (BT2) genes. Susceptibility profiles of this fungus were evaluated using CLSI broth microdilution method. RESULTS The analyses of these two genes sequences support a novel opportunist with the designation Fusarium temperatum. Phylogenetic analyses showed that the reported clinical isolate was nested within the Fusarium fujikuroi species complex. Antifungal susceptibility testing demonstrated that the fungus had low MICs of micafungin (0.031 μg/ml), posaconazole (0.25 μg/ml) and amphotericin B (0.5 μg/ml). CONCLUSION The present case extends the significance of the genus Fusarium as agents of keratitis and underscores the utility of molecular verification of these emerging fungi in the human host.
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Affiliation(s)
- Abdullah M S Al-Hatmi
- />CBS-KNAW Fungal Biodiversity Centre, Utrecht, 3508 AD The Netherlands
- />Institute of Biodiversity and Ecosystem Dynamics, University of Amsterdam, Amsterdam, The Netherlands
- />Directorate General of Health Services, Ibri Hospital, Ministry of Health, Muscat, Oman
| | | | - G Sybren de Hoog
- />CBS-KNAW Fungal Biodiversity Centre, Utrecht, 3508 AD The Netherlands
- />Institute of Biodiversity and Ecosystem Dynamics, University of Amsterdam, Amsterdam, The Netherlands
- />Peking University Health Science Center, Research Center for Medical Mycology, Beijing, China
- />Sun Yat-Sen Memorial Hospital, Sun Yat-Sen University, Guangzhou, China
- />Shanghai Institute of Medical Mycology, Changzheng Hospital, Second Military Medical University, Shanghai, China
- />Basic Pathology Department, Federal University of Paraná State, Curitiba, Paraná Brazil
- />King Abdulaziz University, Jeddah, Saudi Arabia
| | | | | | - Jacques F Meis
- />Department of Medical Microbiology and Infectious Diseases, Canisius Wilhelmina Hospital, Nijmegen, The Netherlands
- />Department of Medical Microbiology, Radboud University Medical Center, Nijmegen, The Netherlands
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Peterson A, Pham MH, Lee B, Commins D, Cadden J, Giannotta SL, Zada G. Intracranial fusarium fungal abscess in an immunocompetent patient: case report and review of the literature. J Neurol Surg Rep 2014; 75:e241-5. [PMID: 25485222 PMCID: PMC4242827 DOI: 10.1055/s-0034-1387182] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/29/2013] [Accepted: 05/25/2014] [Indexed: 11/21/2022] Open
Abstract
Introduction Fusarium spp is an omnipresent fungal species that may lead to fatal infections in immunocompromised populations. Spontaneous intracranial infection by Fusarium spp in immunocompetent individuals is exceedingly rare. Case Report An immunocompetent 33-year-old Hispanic woman presented with persistent headaches and was found to have a contrast-enhancing mass in the left petrous apex and prepontine cistern. She underwent a subsequent craniotomy for biopsy and partial resection that revealed a Fusarium abscess. She had a left transient partial oculomotor palsy following the operation that resolved over the next few weeks. She was treated with long-term intravenous antifungal therapy and remained at her neurologic baseline 18 months following the intervention. Discussion To our knowledge, this is the first reported case of Fusarium spp brain abscess in an immunocompetent patient. Treatment options include surgical intervention and various antifungal medications. Conclusion This case demonstrates the rare potential of intracranial Fusarium infection in the immunocompetent host, as well as its successful treatment with surgical aspiration and antifungal therapy.
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Affiliation(s)
- Asa Peterson
- Department of Neurosurgery, Keck School of Medicine, University of Southern California, Los Angeles, California, United States
| | - Martin H Pham
- Department of Neurosurgery, Keck School of Medicine, University of Southern California, Los Angeles, California, United States
| | - Brian Lee
- Department of Neurosurgery, Keck School of Medicine, University of Southern California, Los Angeles, California, United States
| | - Deborah Commins
- Department of Pathology, Keck School of Medicine, University of Southern California, Los Angeles, California, United States
| | - Joseph Cadden
- Department of Infectious Disease, Keck School of Medicine, University of Southern California, Los Angeles, California, United States
| | - Steven L Giannotta
- Department of Neurosurgery, Keck School of Medicine, University of Southern California, Los Angeles, California, United States
| | - Gabriel Zada
- Department of Neurosurgery, Keck School of Medicine, University of Southern California, Los Angeles, California, United States
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275
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Tortorano AM, Richardson M, Roilides E, van Diepeningen A, Caira M, Munoz P, Johnson E, Meletiadis J, Pana ZD, Lackner M, Verweij P, Freiberger T, Cornely OA, Arikan-Akdagli S, Dannaoui E, Groll AH, Lagrou K, Chakrabarti A, Lanternier F, Pagano L, Skiada A, Akova M, Arendrup MC, Boekhout T, Chowdhary A, Cuenca-Estrella M, Guinea J, Guarro J, de Hoog S, Hope W, Kathuria S, Lortholary O, Meis JF, Ullmann AJ, Petrikkos G, Lass-Flörl C. ESCMID and ECMM joint guidelines on diagnosis and management of hyalohyphomycosis: Fusarium spp., Scedosporium spp. and others. Clin Microbiol Infect 2014; 20 Suppl 3:27-46. [PMID: 24548001 DOI: 10.1111/1469-0691.12465] [Citation(s) in RCA: 324] [Impact Index Per Article: 32.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/11/2013] [Revised: 11/18/2013] [Accepted: 11/18/2013] [Indexed: 01/03/2023]
Abstract
Mycoses summarized in the hyalohyphomycosis group are heterogeneous, defined by the presence of hyaline (non-dematiaceous) hyphae. The number of organisms implicated in hyalohyphomycosis is increasing and the most clinically important species belong to the genera Fusarium, Scedosporium, Acremonium, Scopulariopsis, Purpureocillium and Paecilomyces. Severely immunocompromised patients are particularly vulnerable to infection, and clinical manifestations range from colonization to chronic localized lesions to acute invasive and/or disseminated diseases. Diagnosis usually requires isolation and identification of the infecting pathogen. A poor prognosis is associated with fusariosis and early therapy of localized disease is important to prevent progression to a more aggressive or disseminated infection. Therapy should include voriconazole and surgical debridement where possible or posaconazole as salvage treatment. Voriconazole represents the first-line treatment of infections due to members of the genus Scedosporium. For Acremonium spp., Scopulariopsis spp., Purpureocillium spp. and Paecilomyces spp. the optimal antifungal treatment has not been established. Management usually consists of surgery and antifungal treatment, depending on the clinical presentation.
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Affiliation(s)
- A M Tortorano
- Department of Biomedical Sciences for Health, Università degli Studi di Milano, Milano, Italy
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276
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Ersal T, Al-Hatmi ASM, Cilo BD, Curfs-Breuker I, Meis JF, Özkalemkaş F, Ener B, van Diepeningen AD. Fatal disseminated infection with Fusarium petroliphilum. Mycopathologia 2014; 179:119-24. [PMID: 25234793 DOI: 10.1007/s11046-014-9813-x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/19/2014] [Accepted: 09/10/2014] [Indexed: 12/12/2022]
Abstract
Members of the Fusarium solani species complex (FSSC) are causing the majority of the fusariosis in humans. Disseminated fusariosis has a high mortality and is predominantly observed in patients with leukemia. Here, we present the case of a fatal infection by a Fusarium strain with a degenerated phenotype, in a patient with acute lymphatic leukemia. Multiple nasal and skin biopsies as well as blood cultures yielded fungal growth, while in direct and histopathological examination of biopsy material septate hyphae were visible. Initial colonies were white with slimy masses with microconidia reminiscent of Fusarium/Acremonium, but with conidiospore production directly on the hyphae. Multi-locus sequence typing discerned a pionnotal-morphologically degenerated-colony of the recently recognized F. petroliphilum as etiological agent. The culture returned to a typical F. solani species complex morphology only after several weeks of growth in culture. Antifungal susceptibility tests indicate amphotericin B as best drug for this FSSC member rather than any of the azoles or echinocandins.
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Affiliation(s)
- Tuba Ersal
- Department of Haematology, Faculty of Medicine, Uludağ University, Bursa, Turkey
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277
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278
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Taxonomy and Clinical Spectra of Fusarium Species: Where Do We Stand in 2014? CURRENT CLINICAL MICROBIOLOGY REPORTS 2014. [DOI: 10.1007/s40588-014-0003-x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 55] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/25/2022]
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279
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Tortorano AM, Prigitano A, Esposto MC, Arsic Arsenijevic V, Kolarovic J, Ivanovic D, Paripovic L, Klingspor L, Nordøy I, Hamal P, Arikan Akdagli S, Ossi C, Grancini A, Cavanna C, Lo Cascio G, Scarparo C, Candoni A, Caira M, Drogari Apiranthitou M. European Confederation of Medical Mycology (ECMM) epidemiological survey on invasive infections due to Fusarium species in Europe. Eur J Clin Microbiol Infect Dis 2014; 33:1623-30. [DOI: 10.1007/s10096-014-2111-1] [Citation(s) in RCA: 55] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/17/2014] [Accepted: 04/03/2014] [Indexed: 10/25/2022]
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280
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Short DPG, O'Donnell K, Geiser DM. Clonality, recombination, and hybridization in the plumbing-inhabiting human pathogen Fusarium keratoplasticum inferred from multilocus sequence typing. BMC Evol Biol 2014; 14:91. [PMID: 24766947 PMCID: PMC4026394 DOI: 10.1186/1471-2148-14-91] [Citation(s) in RCA: 27] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/03/2014] [Accepted: 04/16/2014] [Indexed: 01/05/2023] Open
Abstract
Background Recent work has shown that Fusarium species and genotypes most commonly associated with human infections, particularly of the cornea (mycotic keratitis), are the same as those most commonly isolated from plumbing systems. The species most dominant in plumbing biofilms is Fusarium keratoplasticum, a cosmopolitan fungus known almost exclusively from animal infections and biofilms. To better understand its diversity and population dynamics, we developed and utilized a nine-locus sequence-based typing system to make inferences about clonality, recombination, population structure, species boundaries and hybridization. Results High levels of genetic diversity and evidence for recombination and clonality were detected among 75 clinical and 156 environmental isolates of Fusarium keratoplasticum. The multilocus sequence typing system (MLST) resolved 111 unique nine-locus sequence types (STs). The single locus bifactorial determinants of mating compatibility (mating types MAT1-1 and MAT1-2), were found in a ratio of 70:30. All but one of the 49 isolates of the most common ST (FSSC 2d-2) came from human infections, mostly of the cornea, and from biofilms associated with contact lenses and plumbing surfaces. Significant levels of phylogenetic incongruence were found among loci. Putative clonal relationships among genotypes were estimated, showing a mixture of large clonal complexes and unrelated singletons. Discordance between the nuclear ribosomal rRNA and other gene genealogies is consistent with introgression of ribosomal RNA alleles of phylogenetic species FSSC 9 into F. keratoplasticum. No significant population subdivision based on clinical versus non-clinical sources was found. Conclusions Incongruent phylogenetic trees and the presence of both mating types within otherwise identical STs were observed, providing evidence for sexuality in F. keratoplasticum. Cryptic speciation suggested in a published three-locus MLST system was not supported with the addition of new loci, but evidence of introgression of ribosomal RNA genes from another strongly supported phylogenetic species (FSSC 9), also known from plumbing systems and human infections, was detected in two isolates. Overall, F. keratoplasticum is a diverse and geographically unstructured species with a mixed clonal and recombinant life history.
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Affiliation(s)
- Dylan P G Short
- Department of Plant Pathology, University of California, Davis, 1636 E Alisal St,, Salinas, CA 93905, USA.
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281
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Ma LJ, Geiser DM, Proctor RH, Rooney AP, O'Donnell K, Trail F, Gardiner DM, Manners JM, Kazan K. Fusarium pathogenomics. Annu Rev Microbiol 2014; 67:399-416. [PMID: 24024636 DOI: 10.1146/annurev-micro-092412-155650] [Citation(s) in RCA: 323] [Impact Index Per Article: 32.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/09/2022]
Abstract
Fusarium is a genus of filamentous fungi that contains many agronomically important plant pathogens, mycotoxin producers, and opportunistic human pathogens. Comparative analyses have revealed that the Fusarium genome is compartmentalized into regions responsible for primary metabolism and reproduction (core genome), and pathogen virulence, host specialization, and possibly other functions (adaptive genome). Genes involved in virulence and host specialization are located on pathogenicity chromosomes within strains pathogenic to tomato (Fusarium oxysporum f. sp. lycopersici) and pea (Fusarium 'solani' f. sp. pisi). The experimental transfer of pathogenicity chromosomes from F. oxysporum f. sp. lycopersici into a nonpathogen transformed the latter into a tomato pathogen. Thus, horizontal transfer may explain the polyphyletic origins of host specificity within the genus. Additional genome-scale comparative and functional studies are needed to elucidate the evolution and diversity of pathogenicity mechanisms, which may help inform novel disease management strategies against fusarial pathogens.
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Affiliation(s)
- Li-Jun Ma
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, University of Massachusetts, Amherst, Massachusetts 01003;
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282
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Suga H, Kitajima M, Nagumo R, Tsukiboshi T, Uegaki R, Nakajima T, Kushiro M, Nakagawa H, Shimizu M, Kageyama K, Hyakumachi M. A single nucleotide polymorphism in the translation elongation factor 1α gene correlates with the ability to produce fumonisin in Japanese Fusarium fujikuroi. Fungal Biol 2014; 118:402-12. [PMID: 24742835 DOI: 10.1016/j.funbio.2014.02.005] [Citation(s) in RCA: 24] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/24/2013] [Revised: 02/19/2014] [Accepted: 02/25/2014] [Indexed: 11/29/2022]
Abstract
PCR-RFLP based on the translation elongation factor 1α (TEF) gene was developed to identify Fusarium fujikuroi in the Fusarium (Gibberella) fujikuroi species complex. Ninety-three strains, most of which were obtained from various sources in Japan, were identified as F. fujikuroi and their capability to produce fumonisin was investigated using an in vitro assay. Fumonisin production was detected in 50 strains isolated from maize, strawberry, wheat, and rice, whereas it was undetectable in 43 strains derived from rice seeds and rice seedlings carrying the bakanae disease, and from unknown sources. A single nucleotide polymorphism in the TEF gene (T618G) correlated with the ability to synthesize fumonisin.
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Affiliation(s)
- Haruhisa Suga
- Life Science Research Center, Gifu University, Gifu 501-1193, Japan.
| | - Miha Kitajima
- Faculty of Applied Biological Science, Gifu University, Gifu 501-1193, Japan
| | - Riku Nagumo
- Faculty of Applied Biological Science, Gifu University, Gifu 501-1193, Japan
| | - Takao Tsukiboshi
- National Institute of Livestock and Grassland Science, National Agriculture and Food Research Organization (NARO), Tsukuba 305-0901, Japan
| | - Ryuichi Uegaki
- National Institute of Livestock and Grassland Science, National Agriculture and Food Research Organization (NARO), Tsukuba 305-0901, Japan
| | - Takashi Nakajima
- National Agricultural Research Center for Kyushu Okinawa Region, NARO, Kumamoto 861-1192, Japan
| | - Masayo Kushiro
- National Food Research Institute, NARO, Tsukuba 305-8642, Japan
| | | | - Masafumi Shimizu
- Faculty of Applied Biological Science, Gifu University, Gifu 501-1193, Japan
| | - Koji Kageyama
- River Basin Research Center, Gifu University, 501-1193 Gifu, Japan
| | - Mitsuro Hyakumachi
- Faculty of Applied Biological Science, Gifu University, Gifu 501-1193, Japan
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283
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Cluster of Fusarium verticillioides bloodstream infections among immunocompetent patients in an internal medicine department after reconstruction works in Larissa, Central Greece. J Hosp Infect 2014; 86:267-71. [PMID: 24650721 DOI: 10.1016/j.jhin.2014.01.011] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/11/2013] [Accepted: 01/28/2014] [Indexed: 11/24/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Fusarium spp. can cause disseminated infections, particularly in immunocompromised patients. Fusarium verticillioides is a human pathogen, and sporadic cases of fusariosis have been reported. AIM To report a nosocomial cluster of F. verticillioides bloodstream infections among seven immunocompetent inpatients following reconstruction works. METHODS Identification was performed using macroscopic and microscopic morphology, and molecular assays (sequencing the nuclear ribosomal internal transcribed spacer region and translation elongation factor-1α gene). Susceptibility testing was performed in accordance with the guidelines of the Clinical and Laboratory Standards Institute. Environmental surveillance specimens were taken and cultured on Sabouraud dextrose agar plates. FINDINGS In total, 16 blood cultures obtained from the seven patients were positive for F. verticillioides. All surveillance cultures were negative. CONCLUSIONS In order to prevent fungaemia, it is important to implement effective infection control measures, before, during and after demolition and construction activities in healthcare settings.
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284
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Laurence MH, Summerell BA, Burgess LW, Liew ECY. Genealogical concordance phylogenetic species recognition in the Fusarium oxysporum species complex. Fungal Biol 2014; 118:374-84. [PMID: 24742832 DOI: 10.1016/j.funbio.2014.02.002] [Citation(s) in RCA: 54] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/18/2012] [Revised: 02/05/2014] [Accepted: 02/07/2014] [Indexed: 12/30/2022]
Abstract
Fusarium oxysporum is an important plant and human pathogenic ascomycetous group, with near ubiquity in agricultural and non-cultivated ecosystems. Phylogenetic evidence suggests that F. oxysporum is a complex of multiple morphologically cryptic species. Species boundaries and limits of genetic exchange within this complex are poorly defined, largely due to the absence of a sexual state and the paucity of morphological characters. This study determined species boundaries within the F. oxysporum species complex using Genealogical Concordance Phylogenetic Species Recognition (GCPSR) with eight protein coding loci. GCPSR criteria were used firstly to identify independent evolutionary lineages (IEL), which were subsequently collapsed into phylogenetic species. Seventeen IELs were initially identified resulting in the recognition of two phylogenetic species. Further evidence supporting this delineation is discussed.
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Affiliation(s)
- Matthew H Laurence
- Faculty of Agriculture and Environment, The University of Sydney, NSW 2006, Australia; The Royal Botanic Gardens and Domain Trust, Mrs Macquaries Rd, Sydney, NSW 2000, Australia.
| | - Brett A Summerell
- The Royal Botanic Gardens and Domain Trust, Mrs Macquaries Rd, Sydney, NSW 2000, Australia
| | - Lester W Burgess
- Faculty of Agriculture and Environment, The University of Sydney, NSW 2006, Australia
| | - Edward C Y Liew
- The Royal Botanic Gardens and Domain Trust, Mrs Macquaries Rd, Sydney, NSW 2000, Australia
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285
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Abstract
PURPOSE To compare the biocidal efficacy of contact lens care solutions against clinical isolates and the American Type Culture Collection (ATCC) 36031 reference strain of Fusarium species and to determine the ability of the organism to survive and grow in such systems. METHODS The ISO 14729 reference method to assess biocidal efficacy was applied to the purified conidial form of 10 strains of Fusarium species. Six multipurpose disinfectant solutions (MPDSs), a one-step hydrogen peroxide (Per-1) system, a hydrogen peroxide-sodium chlorite (Per-2) system, and a one-step povidone iodine (PI) system were compared. Challenge organism viability was determined at various intervals, including the manufacturers' recommended disinfection time for the products (4 to 6 hours) and thereafter to 21 days. RESULTS All MPDSs achieved a 3- to 4-log10 reduction in viability of ATCC 36031 within the recommended disinfection time of 6 hours. For the clinical strains, MPDS-1 (PQ-1 + alexidine) and MPDS-2 (PQ-1 + PHMB) produced 3 to 5 log₁₀ kill after 6 hours. Multipurpose disinfectant solution 3 (PQ-1 + Aldox 0.0006%), MPDS-4 (PQ-1 + Aldox 0.0005% + C-9 ED3A), and MPDS-5 (PQ-1 + Aldox 0.0005%) showed reduced efficacy for the same two strains, with 0.6 to 1.7 log₁₀ kill. Multipurpose disinfectant solution 6 (PHMB) gave 1.6 log₁₀ for one strain and 3 to 4 log₁₀ for the remainder. Growth in all the MPDS was not detected up to 21 days incubation. Per-1 showed less than 1 log₁₀ kill at 6 hours for six of 10 strains, including ATCC 36031, and growth (1.2 to 2.7 log₁₀) occurred with three of 10 strains by 7 days. Per-2 gave less than or equal to 0.5 log₁₀ kill after 6- or 24-hour exposure without growth. The PI system showed 4 to 5 log₁₀ kill for all strains tested by the first time point of 4 hours. However, with the exception of ATCC 36031, growth (1.7 to 4.0 log₁₀) occurred with all strains by 7 days in PI. CONCLUSIONS All MPDSs were effective against the ATCC 36031 reference strain of Fusarium solani. However, reduced efficacy was found for some MPDSs against the clinical isolates. Unlike MPDSs, peroxide- and povidone iodine-based systems have no continued antimicrobial presence once neutralized, and this can allow growth of surviving Fusarium in the solution. Accordingly, lenses should be subject to fresh disinfection if stored in such solutions for extended periods.
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Kebabcı N, van Diepeningen AD, Ener B, Ersal T, Meijer M, Al-Hatmi AMS, Ozkocaman V, Ursavaş A, Cetinoğlu ED, Akalın H. Fatal breakthrough infection with Fusarium andiyazi: new multi-resistant aetiological agent cross-reacting with Aspergillus galactomannan enzyme immunoassay. Mycoses 2013; 57:249-55. [PMID: 24612042 DOI: 10.1111/myc.12142] [Citation(s) in RCA: 16] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/14/2013] [Revised: 09/02/2013] [Accepted: 09/03/2013] [Indexed: 12/29/2022]
Abstract
Disseminated infections caused by members of the Fusarium fujikuroi species complex (FFSC) occur regularly in immunocompromised patients. Here, we present the first human case caused by FFSC-member Fusarium andiyazi. Fever, respiratory symptoms and abnormal computerised tomography findings developed in a 65-year-old man with acute myelogenous leukaemia who was under posaconazole prophylaxis during his remission-induction chemotherapy. During the course of infection, two consecutive blood galactomannan values were found to be positive, and two blood cultures yielded strains resembling Fusarium species, according to morphological appearance. The aetiological agent proved to be F. andiyazi based on multilocus sequence typing. The sequencing of the internal transcribed spacer region did not resolve the closely related members of the FFSC, but additional data on partial sequence of transcription elongation factor 1 alpha subunit did. A detailed morphological study confirmed the identification of F. andiyazi, which had previously only been reported as a plant pathogen affecting various food crops.
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Affiliation(s)
- Nesrin Kebabcı
- Faculty of Medicine, Department of Clinical Microbiology and Infectious Diseases, Uludağ University, Bursa, Turkey
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Choi HW, Hong SK, Lee YK, Kim WG. Diversity and Pathogenicity of Fusarium Species Associated with Grain Mold of Sorghum. THE KOREAN JOURNAL OF MYCOLOGY 2013. [DOI: 10.4489/kjm.2013.41.3.142] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/06/2022]
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Ramdeen S, Rampersad SN. Intraspecific differentiation of Colletotrichum gloeosporioides sensu lato based on in silico multilocus PCR-RFLP fingerprinting. Mol Biotechnol 2013; 53:170-81. [PMID: 22367643 DOI: 10.1007/s12033-012-9509-8] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/28/2022]
Abstract
Colletotrichum gloeosporioides sensu lato is one of the most common and widely distributed plant pathogens in the world. Understanding fungal biodiversity is hinged on accurate identification and delimitation at the inter- and intraspecific levels. Sequences of the ITS1-5.8S-ITS2 region (ITS), β-tubulin (TUB), actin (ACT), and glyceraldehyde-3-phosphate dehydrogenase (GPDH) genes of 30 C. gloeosporioides sensu lato isolates, collected from anthracnose infected papaya fruits grown in the main production areas in Trinidad, were analyzed by in silico PCR-RFLP analysis with the aim of identifying which gene region(s) had the highest level of intraspecific polymorphism. Restriction site polymorphisms generated from 13 restriction enzymes enabled the identification of specific enzymes that were successful at intraspecific discrimination of the C. gloeosporioides isolates. Genetic distance values were reflective of the level of polymorphisms obtained for the four different gene regions. In both cases (calculated genetic distance and percentage of polymorphic loci from RFLP profiles), ACT and ITS gene regions had the highest level of restriction site polymorphisms and genetic diversity, GPDH and TUB had the lowest. Cluster analysis based on PCR-RFLP genetic distance data revealed sub-specific placement of the isolates which appeared to be gene-dependent. The implications of these findings are discussed relative to biodiversity monitoring and the need for multilocus, polyphasic investigations which must take into account the possibility of exaggerated estimates of genetic diversity.
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Affiliation(s)
- Stephen Ramdeen
- Department of Life Sciences, The University of the West Indies, St. Augustine, Trinidad and Tobago
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290
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Homa M, Shobana CS, Singh YRB, Manikandan P, Selvam KP, Kredics L, Narendran V, Vágvölgyi C, Galgóczy L. Fusarium keratitis in South India: causative agents, their antifungal susceptibilities and a rapid identification method for the Fusarium solani species complex. Mycoses 2013; 56:501-511. [PMID: 23437826 DOI: 10.1111/myc.12062] [Citation(s) in RCA: 48] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/13/2012] [Revised: 01/23/2013] [Accepted: 01/23/2013] [Indexed: 09/07/2023]
Abstract
Seventy Fusarium isolates derived from human keratomycosis were identified based on partial sequences of the β-tubulin (β-TUB) and translation elongation factor 1α (EF-1α) genes. Most of the isolates were confirmed as members of the F. solani species complex (75.71%), followed by the F. dimerum species complex (8.57%), the F. fujikuroi species complex (8.57%), the F. oxysporum species complex (4.29%) and the F. incarnatum-equiseti species complex (2.86%). A combined phylogenetic tree was estimated including all the 70 isolates. Isolates belonging to different species complexes formed separate clades. In this study, we also report the first isolation of F. napiforme from human keratomycosis. A new method based on a specific EcoRI restriction site in the EF-1α gene was developed for the rapid identification of F. solani. In vitro antifungal susceptibilities of the isolates to seven antifungals were determined by broth microdilution method. Terbinafine, natamycin and amphotericin B proved to be the most effective drugs, followed by voriconazole. The minimal inhibitory concentrations of clotrimazole, econazole and itraconazole were generally high (≥64 μg ml(-1) ). The interactions between the two most effective antifungals (natamycin and terbinafine) were determined by checkerboard microdilution method. Synergism (71.8%) or no interaction (28.2%) was revealed between the two compounds.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mónika Homa
- Faculty of Science and Informatics, Department of Microbiology, University of Szeged, H-6726 Szeged, Hungary
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291
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Guarro J. Fusariosis, a complex infection caused by a high diversity of fungal species refractory to treatment. Eur J Clin Microbiol Infect Dis 2013; 32:1491-500. [DOI: 10.1007/s10096-013-1924-7] [Citation(s) in RCA: 146] [Impact Index Per Article: 13.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/21/2013] [Accepted: 07/03/2013] [Indexed: 11/30/2022]
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292
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Freeman S, Sharon M, Maymon M, Mendel Z, Protasov A, Aoki T, Eskalen A, O'Donnell K. Fusarium euwallaceae sp. nov.--a symbiotic fungus of Euwallacea sp., an invasive ambrosia beetle in Israel and California. Mycologia 2013; 105:1595-606. [PMID: 23928415 DOI: 10.3852/13-066] [Citation(s) in RCA: 85] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/10/2022]
Abstract
The invasive Asian ambrosia beetle Euwallacea sp. (Coleoptera, Scolytinae, Xyleborini) and a novel Fusarium sp. that it farms in its galleries as a source of nutrition causes serious damage to more than 20 species of live trees and pose a serious threat to avocado production (Persea americana) in Israel and California. Adult female beetles are equipped with mandibular mycangia in which its fungal symbiont is transported within and from the natal galleries. Damage caused to the xylem is associated with disease symptoms that include sugar or gum exudates, dieback, wilt and ultimately host tree mortality. In 2012 the beetle was recorded on more than 200 and 20 different urban landscape species in southern California and Israel respectively. Euwallacea sp. and its symbiont are closely related to the tea shot-hole borer (E. fornicatus) and its obligate symbiont, F. ambrosium occurring in Sri Lanka and India. To distinguish these beetles, hereafter the unnamed xyleborine in Israel and California will be referred to as Euwallacea sp. IS/CA. Both fusaria exhibit distinctive ecologies and produce clavate macroconidia, which we think might represent an adaption to the species-specific beetle partner. Both fusaria comprise a genealogically exclusive lineage within Clade 3 of the Fusarium solani species complex (FSSC) that can be differentiated with arbitrarily primed PCR. Currently these fusaria can be distinguished only phenotypically by the abundant production of blue to brownish macroconidia in the symbiont of Euwallacea sp. IS/CA and their rarity or absence in F. ambrosium. We speculate that obligate symbiosis of Euwallacea and Fusarium, might have driven ecological speciation in these mutualists. Thus, the purpose of this paper is to describe and illustrate the novel, economically destructive avocado pathogen as Fusarium euwallaceae sp. nov. S. Freeman et al.
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Affiliation(s)
- S Freeman
- Department of Plant Pathology and Weed Research, ARO, The Volcani Center, Bet Dagan 50250, Israel
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293
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Watanabe M, Yonezawa T, Sugita-Konishi Y, Kamata Y. Utility of the phylotoxigenic relationships among trichothecene-producingFusariumspecies for predicting their mycotoxin-producing potential. Food Addit Contam Part A Chem Anal Control Expo Risk Assess 2013; 30:1370-81. [DOI: 10.1080/19440049.2013.794305] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/26/2022]
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294
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Ranque S, Normand AC, Cassagne C, Murat JB, Bourgeois N, Dalle F, Gari-Toussaint M, Fourquet P, Hendrickx M, Piarroux R. MALDI-TOF mass spectrometry identification of filamentous fungi in the clinical laboratory. Mycoses 2013; 57:135-40. [PMID: 23895114 DOI: 10.1111/myc.12115] [Citation(s) in RCA: 93] [Impact Index Per Article: 8.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/23/2013] [Revised: 06/29/2013] [Accepted: 07/08/2013] [Indexed: 11/27/2022]
Abstract
This study aimed to validate the effectiveness of a standardised procedure for the MALDI-TOF mass spectrometry (MS)-based identification on a large sample of filamentous fungi routinely identified in university hospitals' laboratories. Non-dermatophyte filamentous fungi prospectively isolated in the routine activity of five teaching hospitals in France were first identified by conventional methods in each laboratory and then by MS in one centre. DNA sequence-based identification resolved discrepancies between both methods. In this study, of the 625 analysed filamentous fungi of 58 species, 501 (80%) and 556 (89%) were correctly identified by conventional methods and MS respectively. Compared with the conventional method, MS dramatically enhanced the performance of the identification of the non-Aspergillus filamentous fungi with a 31-61% increase in correct identification rate. In conclusion, this study on a large sample of clinical filamentous fungi taxa demonstrates that species identification is significantly improved by MS compared with the conventional method. The main limitation is that MS identification is possible only if the species is included in the reference spectra library. Nevertheless, for the routine clinical laboratory, MS provides the means to attain markedly accurate results in filamentous fungi identification, which was previously restricted to only a few reference laboratories.
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Affiliation(s)
- Stéphane Ranque
- UMR MD3, Aix-Marseille Université, Marseille, France; Laboratoire de Parasitologie-Mycologie, APHM Timone, Marseille, France
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295
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Biswas C, Sorrell TC, Djordjevic JT, Zuo X, Jolliffe KA, Chen SCA. In vitro activity of miltefosine as a single agent and in combination with voriconazole or posaconazole against uncommon filamentous fungal pathogens. J Antimicrob Chemother 2013; 68:2842-6. [DOI: 10.1093/jac/dkt282] [Citation(s) in RCA: 50] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/05/2023] Open
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296
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Eskalen A, Stouthamer R, Lynch SC, Rugman-Jones PF, Twizeyimana M, Gonzalez A, Thibault T. Host Range of Fusarium Dieback and Its Ambrosia Beetle (Coleoptera: Scolytinae) Vector in Southern California. PLANT DISEASE 2013; 97:938-951. [PMID: 30722538 DOI: 10.1094/pdis-11-12-1026-re] [Citation(s) in RCA: 93] [Impact Index Per Article: 8.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/21/2023]
Abstract
The polyphagous shot hole borer (PSHB) is an invasive ambrosia beetle that forms a symbiosis with a new, as-yet-undescribed Fusarium sp., together causing Fusarium dieback on avocado and other host plants in California and Israel. In California, PSHB was first reported on black locust in 2003 but there were no records of fungal damage until 2012, when a Fusarium sp. was recovered from the tissues of several backyard avocado trees infested with PSHB in Los Angeles County. The aim of this study was to determine the plant host range of the beetle-fungus complex in two heavily infested botanical gardens in Los Angeles County. Of the 335 tree species observed, 207 (62%), representing 58 plant families, showed signs and symptoms consistent with attack by PSHB. The Fusarium sp. was recovered from 54% of the plant species attacked by PSHB, indicated by the presence of the Fusarium sp. at least at the site of the entry hole. Trees attacked by PSHB included 11 species of California natives, 13 agriculturally important species, and many common street trees. Survey results also revealed 19 tree species that function as reproductive hosts for PSHB. Additionally, approximately a quarter of all tree individuals planted along the streets of southern California belong to a species classified as a reproductive host. These data suggest the beetle-disease complex potentially may establish in a variety of plant communities locally and worldwide.
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Affiliation(s)
| | | | | | | | - Mathias Twizeyimana
- Department of Plant Pathology and Microbiology, University of California, Riverside, 92521
| | - Alex Gonzalez
- Department of Plant Pathology and Microbiology, University of California, Riverside, 92521
| | - Tim Thibault
- Huntington Library, Art Collections, and Botanical Gardens, San Marino 91108
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297
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Fusarium falciforme Infection of Foot in a Patient with Type 2 Diabetes Mellitus: A Case Report and Review of the Literature. Mycopathologia 2013; 176:225-32. [DOI: 10.1007/s11046-013-9646-z] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/23/2012] [Accepted: 04/02/2013] [Indexed: 10/26/2022]
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298
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Fan JH, Xie YP, Xue JL, Xiong Q, Jiang WJ, Zhang YJ, Ren ZM. The strain HEB01 of Fusarium sp., a new pathogen that infects brown soft scale. ANN MICROBIOL 2013. [DOI: 10.1007/s13213-013-0668-z] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/30/2022] Open
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299
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Davari M, Wei S, Babay-Ahari A, Arzanlou M, Waalwijk C, van der Lee T, Zare R, Gerrits van den Ende A, de Hoog G, van Diepeningen A. Geographic differences in trichothecene chemotypes of Fusarium graminearum in the Northwest and North of Iran. WORLD MYCOTOXIN J 2013. [DOI: 10.3920/wmj2012.1493] [Citation(s) in RCA: 23] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/19/2022]
Abstract
The diversity and prevalence of Fusarium species and their chemotypes on wheat in the North-West and North of Iran was determined. Wheat in these areas is severely affected by Fusarium head blight, with Fusarium graminearum as prevalent species causing 96% of the infections in the North-West and 50% in the Northern provinces. Fungal isolates were identified based on morphological characters and sequences of the internal transcribed spacer region, and parts of translation elongation factor 1-? and RNA polymerase subunit II sequences. Phylogenetic and phylogeographic analyses show little haplotype variation between the F. graminearum strains collected from the different locations, but the isolates differ significantly in their trichothecene chemotypes as determined with a multilocus genotyping assay. F. graminearum strains producing 15-acetyldeoxynivalenol were abundant in Ardabil (North-West of Iran), while in Golestan province (North of Iran) at the other side of the Caspian Sea especially nivalenol producing strains and a variety of other Fusarium species were observed. Strains producing 3-acetyldeoxynivalenol were rarely found in both areas. This is the first detailed study on Fusarium infections in Iranian wheat, showing large differences in prevalent etiological agents and in mycotoxin chemotypes geographically.
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Affiliation(s)
- M. Davari
- Department of Plant Protection, Faculty of Agriculture, University of Mohaghegh Ardabili, 56199-11367 Ardabil, Iran
- Department of Plant Protection, Faculty of Agriculture, University of Tabriz, 51666-14766 Tabriz, Iran
- CBS-KNAW Fungal Biodiversity Centre, Uppsalalaan 8, 3584 CT Utrecht, the Netherlands
| | - S.H. Wei
- B.U. Biointeractions & Plant Health, Plant Research International, Wageningen University and Research Centre, P.O. Box 16, 6700 AA Wageningen, the Netherlands
- College of Plant Protection, Shenyang Agricultural University, Dongling Road 120, 110866 Shenyang, China
| | - A. Babay-Ahari
- Department of Plant Protection, Faculty of Agriculture, University of Tabriz, 51666-14766 Tabriz, Iran
| | - M. Arzanlou
- Department of Plant Protection, Faculty of Agriculture, University of Tabriz, 51666-14766 Tabriz, Iran
| | - C. Waalwijk
- B.U. Biointeractions & Plant Health, Plant Research International, Wageningen University and Research Centre, P.O. Box 16, 6700 AA Wageningen, the Netherlands
| | - T.A.J. van der Lee
- B.U. Biointeractions & Plant Health, Plant Research International, Wageningen University and Research Centre, P.O. Box 16, 6700 AA Wageningen, the Netherlands
| | - R. Zare
- Department of Botany, Iranian Research Institute of Plant Protection, 19395-1454 Tehran, Iran
| | | | - G.S. de Hoog
- CBS-KNAW Fungal Biodiversity Centre, Uppsalalaan 8, 3584 CT Utrecht, the Netherlands
- Institute of Biodiversity and Ecosystem Dynamics, University of Amsterdam, P.O. Box 94062, 1090 GB Amsterdam, the Netherlands
- Peking University Health Science Centre, Research Center for Medical Mycology, Peking University First Hospital, Xishiku Street, Xicheng District, 100034 Beijing, China
- Sun Yat-Sen Memorial Hospital, Sun Yat-Sen University, 107 Yan Jiang West Road, 510275 Guangzhou, China
| | - A.D. van Diepeningen
- CBS-KNAW Fungal Biodiversity Centre, Uppsalalaan 8, 3584 CT Utrecht, the Netherlands
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300
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Geiser DM, Aoki T, Bacon CW, Baker SE, Bhattacharyya MK, Brandt ME, Brown DW, Burgess LW, Chulze S, Coleman JJ, Correll JC, Covert SF, Crous PW, Cuomo CA, De Hoog GS, Di Pietro A, Elmer WH, Epstein L, Frandsen RJN, Freeman S, Gagkaeva T, Glenn AE, Gordon TR, Gregory NF, Hammond-Kosack KE, Hanson LE, Jímenez-Gasco MDM, Kang S, Kistler HC, Kuldau GA, Leslie JF, Logrieco A, Lu G, Lysøe E, Ma LJ, McCormick SP, Migheli Q, Moretti A, Munaut F, O'Donnell K, Pfenning L, Ploetz RC, Proctor RH, Rehner SA, Robert VARG, Rooney AP, Bin Salleh B, Scandiani MM, Scauflaire J, Short DPG, Steenkamp E, Suga H, Summerell BA, Sutton DA, Thrane U, Trail F, Van Diepeningen A, Vanetten HD, Viljoen A, Waalwijk C, Ward TJ, Wingfield MJ, Xu JR, Yang XB, Yli-Mattila T, Zhang N. One fungus, one name: defining the genus Fusarium in a scientifically robust way that preserves longstanding use. PHYTOPATHOLOGY 2013; 103:400-8. [PMID: 23379853 DOI: 10.1094/phyto-07-12-0150-le] [Citation(s) in RCA: 149] [Impact Index Per Article: 13.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/09/2023]
Abstract
In this letter, we advocate recognizing the genus Fusarium as the sole name for a group that includes virtually all Fusarium species of importance in plant pathology, mycotoxicology, medicine, and basic research. This phylogenetically guided circumscription will free scientists from any obligation to use other genus names, including teleomorphs, for species nested within this clade, and preserve the application of the name Fusarium in the way it has been used for almost a century. Due to recent changes in the International Code of Nomenclature for algae, fungi, and plants, this is an urgent matter that requires community attention. The alternative is to break the longstanding concept of Fusarium into nine or more genera, and remove important taxa such as those in the F. solani species complex from the genus, a move we believe is unnecessary. Here we present taxonomic and nomenclatural proposals that will preserve established research connections and facilitate communication within and between research communities, and at the same time support strong scientific principles and good taxonomic practice.
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