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Fedirko V, McKeown-Eyssen G, Serhan CN, Barry EL, Sandler RS, Figueiredo JC, Ahnen DJ, Bresalier RS, Robertson DJ, Anderson CW, Baron JA. Plasma lipoxin A 4 and resolvin D1 are not associated with reduced adenoma risk in a randomized trial of aspirin to prevent colon adenomas. Mol Carcinog 2017; 56:1977-1983. [PMID: 28218420 DOI: 10.1002/mc.22629] [Citation(s) in RCA: 16] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/11/2016] [Revised: 01/23/2017] [Accepted: 02/16/2017] [Indexed: 12/13/2022]
Abstract
Inflammation plays a major role in colon carcinogenesis. Endogenously produced specialized proresolving lipid mediators (SPMs) play a central role in inflammation and tissue homeostasis, and have been implicated in carcinogenesis. We studied the associations of plasma levels of two SPMs [lipoxin A4 (LXA4 ) and resolvin D1(RvD1)] with risk for recurrent adenoma. In this pilot study, we used data and biosamples from an adenoma chemoprevention study investigating the effects of aspirin and/or folic acid on the occurrence of colorectal adenomas. In the parent study, 1121 participants with a recent adenoma were randomized to study agents to be taken until the next surveillance colonoscopy about 3 years later. In this pilot study, LXA4 and RvD1 from samples taken near the end of study treatment were measured in a randomly selected sub-set of 200 participants. Commercially available ELISA kits to assay the analytes were validated using a metabololipidomic LC-MS/MS assay. Poisson regression with a robust error variance was used to calculate risk ratios and 95% confidence intervals. Plasma LXA4 and RvD1 were not associated with the risk of adenoma occurrence. LXA4 at the end of study follow-up was 32% (P = 0.01) proportionately higher in women compared to men. A similar non-significant trend toward higher levels among women was observed for RvD1. Our preliminary findings provided no evidence that plasma LXA4 or RvD1 are associated with reduced risk of colorectal adenoma occurrence, but suggest LXA4 may differ among men and women. Future studies focusing on SPM's local effects and levels in the colon are needed.
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Affiliation(s)
- Veronika Fedirko
- Department of Epidemiology, Rollins School of Public Health, Winship Cancer Institute, Emory University, Atlanta, Georgia
| | - Gail McKeown-Eyssen
- Dalla Lana School of Public Health, University of Toronto, Toronto, Ontario, Canada
| | - Charles N Serhan
- Department of Anesthesiology, Perioperative and Pain Medicine, Brigham and Women's Hospital & Harvard Medical School, Center for Experimental Therapeutics and Reperfusion Injury, Boston, Massachusetts
| | - Elizabeth L Barry
- Department of Epidemiology, Geisel School of Medicine at Dartmouth, Lebanon, New Hampshire
| | - Robert S Sandler
- Department of Medicine, University of North Carolina, Chapel Hill, North Carolina
| | - Jane C Figueiredo
- Department of Preventive Medicine, Keck School Of Medicine, University of Southern California, Los Angeles, California
| | - Dennis J Ahnen
- Department of Veterans Affairs Medical Center, Denver, Colorado
| | - Robert S Bresalier
- Department of Gastrointestinal Medicine and Nutrition, University of Texas M.D. Anderson Cancer Center, Houston, Texas
| | - Douglas J Robertson
- Department of Veterans Affairs Medical Center, White River Junction VT and The Dartmouth Institute for Health Policy and Clinical Practice, Dartmouth Medical School, Lebanon, New Hampshire
| | - Carlton W Anderson
- Center for Gastrointestinal Biology and Disease, University of North Carolina School of Medicine, Chapel Hill, North Carolina
| | - John A Baron
- Department of Medicine, University of North Carolina School of Medicine, Chapel Hill, North Carolina
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252
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Norling LV, Ly L, Dalli J. Resolving inflammation by using nutrition therapy: roles for specialized proresolving mediators. Curr Opin Clin Nutr Metab Care 2017; 20:145-152. [PMID: 28002074 PMCID: PMC5884427 DOI: 10.1097/mco.0000000000000353] [Citation(s) in RCA: 21] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/11/2022]
Abstract
PURPOSE OF REVIEW Inflammation is a unifying component of many of the diseases that afflict Western civilizations. Nutrition therapy and, in particular, essential fatty acid supplementation is one of the approaches that is currently in use for the treatment and management of many inflammatory conditions. The purpose of the present review is to discuss the recent literature in light of the discovery that essential fatty acids are converted by the body to a novel genus of lipid mediators, termed specialized proresolving mediators (SPMs). RECENT FINDINGS The SPM genus is composed of four mediator families - the lipoxins, resolvins, protectins, and maresins. These molecules potently and stereoselectively promote the termination of inflammation, tissue repair, and regeneration. Recent studies indicate that in disease, SPM production becomes dysregulated giving rise to a status of failed resolution. Of note, several studies found that omega-3 fatty acid supplementation, at doses within the recommended daily allowance, led to increases in several SPM families that correlate with enhanced white blood cell responses in humans and reduced inflammation in mice. SUMMARY Given the potent biological actions of SPM in organ protection and promoting bacterial clearance, nutritional therapies enriched in omega-3 fatty acids hold promise as a potential co-therapy approach when coupled with functional lipid mediator profiling.
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Affiliation(s)
- Lucy V Norling
- The William Harvey Research Institute, Queen Mary University of London, Charterhouse Square, London EC1M 6BQ, United Kingdom
| | - Lucy Ly
- The William Harvey Research Institute, Queen Mary University of London, Charterhouse Square, London EC1M 6BQ, United Kingdom
- QMUL Lipid Mediator Unit, Barts and The London School of Medicine and Dentistry, Queen Mary University of London, Charterhouse Square, London EC1M 6BQ, United Kingdom
| | - Jesmond Dalli
- The William Harvey Research Institute, Queen Mary University of London, Charterhouse Square, London EC1M 6BQ, United Kingdom
- QMUL Lipid Mediator Unit, Barts and The London School of Medicine and Dentistry, Queen Mary University of London, Charterhouse Square, London EC1M 6BQ, United Kingdom
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253
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Fredman G, Sadhu S, Rymut N. Fine-tuning inflammation-resolution programs: focus on atherosclerosis. Curr Opin Clin Nutr Metab Care 2017; 20:117-123. [PMID: 27984234 DOI: 10.1097/mco.0000000000000351] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/31/2022]
Abstract
PURPOSE OF REVIEW Nonresolving inflammation is now considered the underpinning of several prevalent human diseases, including atherosclerosis. The resolution of inflammation is a highly coordinated program to counterbalance proinflammatory signals for a swift return to tissue homeostasis. This process is controlled in part by endogenous specialized proresolving lipid mediators (SPMs). Emerging evidence has revealed that the balance of SPMs and proinflammatory mediators during acute inflammation regulates the duration of the inflammatory response and the timing of tissue resolution. Moreover, an imbalance between SPMs and proinflammatory mediators has been linked to several prevalent chronic inflammatory diseases in humans, including atherosclerosis. RECENT FINDINGS Lipid mediator imbalances have recently been linked to atherosclerotic plaque instability. Administration of key SPMs restored this imbalance and led to plaque stability. SPMs have also recently been shown to be protective in other cardiovascular disease models including myocardial infarction, stroke and neointimal hyperplasia. SUMMARY The current review highlights recent work that supports the concept of dysregulated inflammation-resolution in atherosclerosis with a particular focus on mechanisms and therapeutic opportunities associated with SPM receptors and lipid mediator imbalances. This article is based on experimental studies.
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Affiliation(s)
- Gabrielle Fredman
- The Department of Molecular and Cellular Physiology in the Center for Cardiovascular Sciences, Albany Medical College, Albany, New York, USA
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254
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Buechler C, Pohl R, Aslanidis C. Pro-Resolving Molecules-New Approaches to Treat Sepsis? Int J Mol Sci 2017; 18:ijms18030476. [PMID: 28241480 PMCID: PMC5372492 DOI: 10.3390/ijms18030476] [Citation(s) in RCA: 27] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/09/2016] [Revised: 02/15/2017] [Accepted: 02/15/2017] [Indexed: 02/06/2023] Open
Abstract
Inflammation is a complex response of the body to exogenous and endogenous insults. Chronic and systemic diseases are attributed to uncontrolled inflammation. Molecules involved in the initiation of inflammation are very well studied while pathways regulating its resolution are insufficiently investigated. Approaches to down-modulate mediators relevant for the onset and duration of inflammation are successful in some chronic diseases, while all of them have failed in sepsis patients. Inflammation and immune suppression characterize sepsis, indicating that anti-inflammatory strategies alone are inappropriate for its therapy. Heme oxygenase 1 is a sensitive marker for oxidative stress and is upregulated in inflammation. Carbon monoxide, which is produced by this enzyme, initiates multiple anti-inflammatory and pro-resolving activities with higher production of omega-3 fatty acid-derived lipid metabolites being one of its protective actions. Pro-resolving lipids named maresins, resolvins and protectins originate from the omega-3 fatty acids eicosapentaenoic acid and docosahexaenoic acid while lipoxins are derived from arachidonic acid. These endogenously produced lipids do not simply limit inflammation but actively contribute to its resolution, and thus provide an opportunity to combat chronic inflammatory diseases and eventually sepsis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Christa Buechler
- Department of Internal Medicine I, Regensburg University Hospital, 93042 Regensburg, Germany.
| | - Rebekka Pohl
- Department of Internal Medicine I, Regensburg University Hospital, 93042 Regensburg, Germany.
| | - Charalampos Aslanidis
- Institute of Clinical Chemistry and Laboratory Medicine, Regensburg University Hospital, 93042 Regensburg, Germany.
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255
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Petri MH, Laguna-Fernandez A, Arnardottir H, Wheelock CE, Perretti M, Hansson GK, Bäck M. Aspirin-triggered lipoxin A4 inhibits atherosclerosis progression in apolipoprotein E -/- mice. Br J Pharmacol 2017; 174:4043-4054. [PMID: 28071789 DOI: 10.1111/bph.13707] [Citation(s) in RCA: 86] [Impact Index Per Article: 12.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/17/2016] [Revised: 12/18/2016] [Accepted: 12/29/2016] [Indexed: 12/14/2022] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND AND PURPOSE Atherosclerosis is characterized by a chronic non-resolving inflammation in the arterial wall. Aspirin-triggered lipoxin A4 (ATL) is a potent anti-inflammatory mediator, involved in the resolution of inflammation. However, the therapeutic potential of immune targeting by means of ATL in atherosclerosis has not previously been explored. The aim of the present study was to determine the effects of ATL and its receptor Fpr2 on atherosclerosis development and progression in apolipoprotein E deficient (ApoE-/- ) mice. EXPERIMENTAL APPROACH ApoE-/- × Fpr2+/+ and ApoE-/- × Fpr2-/- mice were generated. Four-week-old mice fed a high-fat diet for 4 weeks and 16-week-old mice fed chow diet received osmotic pumps containing either vehicle or ATL for 4 weeks. Atherosclerotic lesion size and cellular composition were measured in the aortic root and thoracic aorta. Lipid levels and leukocyte counts were measured in blood and mRNA was isolated from abdominal aorta and spleen. KEY RESULTS ATL blocked atherosclerosis progression in the aortic root and thoracic aorta of ApoE-/- mice. In addition, ATL reduced macrophage infiltration and apoptotic cells in atherosclerotic lesions. The mRNA levels of several cytokines and chemokines in the spleen and aorta were reduced by ATL, whereas circulating leukocyte levels were unchanged. The ATL-induced athero-protection was absent in ApoE-/- mice lacking the Fpr2 receptor. CONCLUSION AND IMPLICATIONS ATL blocked atherosclerosis progression by means of an Fpr2-mediated reduced local and systemic inflammation. These results suggest this anti-inflammatory and pro-resolving agent has therapeutic potential for the treatment of atherosclerosis. LINKED ARTICLES This article is part of a themed section on Targeting Inflammation to Reduce Cardiovascular Disease Risk. To view the other articles in this section visit http://onlinelibrary.wiley.com/doi/10.1111/bph.v174.22/issuetoc and http://onlinelibrary.wiley.com/doi/10.1111/bcp.v82.4/issuetoc.
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Affiliation(s)
- Marcelo H Petri
- Experimental Cardiovascular Research Group, Cardiovascular Medicine Unit, Center for Molecular Medicine, Department of Medicine, Karolinska Institutet, Stockholm, Sweden
| | - Andrés Laguna-Fernandez
- Experimental Cardiovascular Research Group, Cardiovascular Medicine Unit, Center for Molecular Medicine, Department of Medicine, Karolinska Institutet, Stockholm, Sweden
| | - Hildur Arnardottir
- Experimental Cardiovascular Research Group, Cardiovascular Medicine Unit, Center for Molecular Medicine, Department of Medicine, Karolinska Institutet, Stockholm, Sweden
| | - Craig E Wheelock
- Department of Medical Biochemistry and Biophysics, Karlinska Institutet, Stockholm, Sweden
| | - Mauro Perretti
- William Harvey Research Institute, Barts and The London School of Medicine, Queen Mary University of London, London, UK
| | - Göran K Hansson
- Experimental Cardiovascular Research Group, Cardiovascular Medicine Unit, Center for Molecular Medicine, Department of Medicine, Karolinska Institutet, Stockholm, Sweden
| | - Magnus Bäck
- Experimental Cardiovascular Research Group, Cardiovascular Medicine Unit, Center for Molecular Medicine, Department of Medicine, Karolinska Institutet, Stockholm, Sweden.,Department of Cardiology, Karolinska University Hospital, Stockholm, Sweden
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256
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English JT, Norris PC, Hodges RR, Dartt DA, Serhan CN. Identification and Profiling of Specialized Pro-Resolving Mediators in Human Tears by Lipid Mediator Metabolomics. Prostaglandins Leukot Essent Fatty Acids 2017; 117:17-27. [PMID: 28237084 PMCID: PMC5329889 DOI: 10.1016/j.plefa.2017.01.004] [Citation(s) in RCA: 96] [Impact Index Per Article: 13.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/21/2016] [Accepted: 01/16/2017] [Indexed: 12/26/2022]
Abstract
Specialized pro-resolving mediators (SPM), e.g. Resolvin D1, Protectin D1, Lipoxin A₄, and Resolvin E1 have each shown to be active in ocular models reducing inflammation. In general, SPMs have specific agonist functions that stimulate resolution of infection and inflammation in animal disease models. The presence and quantity of SPM in human emotional tears is of interest. Here, utilizing a targeted LC-MS-MS metabololipidomics based approach we document the identification of pro-inflammatory (Prostaglandins and Leukotriene B₄) and pro-resolving lipid mediators (D-series Resolvins, Protectin D1, and Lipoxin A₄) in human emotional tears from 12 healthy individuals. SPMs from the Maresin family (Maresin 1 and Maresin 2) were not present in these samples. Principal Component Analysis (PCA) revealed gender differences in the production of specific mediators within these tear samples as the SPMs were essentially absent in these female donors. These results indicate that specific SPM signatures are present in human emotional tears at concentrations known to be bioactive. Moreover, they will help to further appreciate the mechanisms of production and action of SPMs in the eye, as well as their physiologic roles in human ocular disease resolution.
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Affiliation(s)
- Justin T English
- Center for Experimental Therapeutics and Reperfusion Injury, Department of Anesthesia, Perioperative and Pain Medicine, Brigham and Women's Hospital, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA 02115
| | - Paul C Norris
- Center for Experimental Therapeutics and Reperfusion Injury, Department of Anesthesia, Perioperative and Pain Medicine, Brigham and Women's Hospital, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA 02115
| | - Robin R Hodges
- Schepens Eye Research Institute/Massachusetts Eye and Ear, and Department of Ophthalmology, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA 02114
| | - Darlene A Dartt
- Schepens Eye Research Institute/Massachusetts Eye and Ear, and Department of Ophthalmology, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA 02114
| | - Charles N Serhan
- Center for Experimental Therapeutics and Reperfusion Injury, Department of Anesthesia, Perioperative and Pain Medicine, Brigham and Women's Hospital, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA 02115.
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257
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Ogawa N, Sugiyama T, Morita M, Suganuma Y, Kobayashi Y. Total Synthesis of Resolvin D5. J Org Chem 2017; 82:2032-2039. [DOI: 10.1021/acs.joc.6b02870] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/31/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Narihito Ogawa
- Department of Biotechnology, Tokyo Institute of Technology, B-52, Nagatsuta-cho 4259, Midori-ku, Yokohama 226-8501, Japan
| | - Takuo Sugiyama
- Department of Biotechnology, Tokyo Institute of Technology, B-52, Nagatsuta-cho 4259, Midori-ku, Yokohama 226-8501, Japan
| | - Masao Morita
- Department of Biotechnology, Tokyo Institute of Technology, B-52, Nagatsuta-cho 4259, Midori-ku, Yokohama 226-8501, Japan
| | - Yuta Suganuma
- Department of Biotechnology, Tokyo Institute of Technology, B-52, Nagatsuta-cho 4259, Midori-ku, Yokohama 226-8501, Japan
| | - Yuichi Kobayashi
- Department of Biotechnology, Tokyo Institute of Technology, B-52, Nagatsuta-cho 4259, Midori-ku, Yokohama 226-8501, Japan
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258
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Kuda O. Bioactive metabolites of docosahexaenoic acid. Biochimie 2017; 136:12-20. [PMID: 28087294 DOI: 10.1016/j.biochi.2017.01.002] [Citation(s) in RCA: 73] [Impact Index Per Article: 10.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/07/2016] [Revised: 01/02/2017] [Accepted: 01/08/2017] [Indexed: 12/13/2022]
Abstract
Docosahexaenoic acid (DHA) is an essential fatty acid that is recognized as a beneficial dietary constituent and as a source of the anti-inflammatory specialized proresolving mediators (SPM): resolvins, protectins and maresins. Apart from SPMs, other metabolites of DHA also exert potent biological effects. This article summarizes current knowledge on the metabolic pathways involved in generation of DHA metabolites. Over 70 biologically active metabolites have been described, but are often discussed separately within specific research areas. This review follows DHA metabolism and attempts to integrate the diverse DHA metabolites emphasizing those with identified biological effects. DHA metabolites could be divided into DHA-derived SPMs, DHA epoxides, electrophilic oxo-derivatives (EFOX) of DHA, neuroprostanes, ethanolamines, acylglycerols, docosahexaenoyl amides of amino acids or neurotransmitters, and branched DHA esters of hydroxy fatty acids. These bioactive metabolites have pleiotropic effects that include augmenting energy expenditure, stimulating lipid catabolism, modulating the immune response, helping to resolve inflammation, and promoting wound healing and tissue regeneration. As a result they have been shown to exert many beneficial actions: neuroprotection, anti-hypertension, anti-hyperalgesia, anti-arrhythmia, anti-tumorigenesis etc. Given the chemical structure of DHA, the number and geometry of double bonds, and the panel of enzymes metabolizing DHA, it is also likely that novel bioactive derivatives will be identified in the future.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ondrej Kuda
- Department of Adipose Tissue Biology, Institute of Physiology of the Czech Academy of Sciences, Videnska 1083, 14220 Prague 4, Czech Republic.
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259
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Abstract
The past two decades have witnessed major advancements in the clinical management of inflammatory arthritis, with new treatment strategies in some cases providing a marked improvement in patient outcomes. However, it is widely accepted that current strategies do not provide the 'total therapeutic solution', in view of the proportion of patients who do not respond to therapy, the important incidence of adverse effects and the development of an immune response against antibodies or fusion proteins used therapeutically. Moreover, although some therapeutic approaches can effectively bring about an end to inflammation, mechanisms to promote the recovery and/or repair of damage are required. Harnessing the concepts and mechanisms of the resolution of inflammation is a new approach to the treatment of inflammatory pathologies; this approach could help address the unmet need for new therapeutic approaches that not only control but also revert the course of inflammatory rheumatic diseases.
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260
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Dalli J, Colas RA, Arnardottir H, Serhan CN. Vagal Regulation of Group 3 Innate Lymphoid Cells and the Immunoresolvent PCTR1 Controls Infection Resolution. Immunity 2017; 46:92-105. [PMID: 28065837 DOI: 10.1016/j.immuni.2016.12.009] [Citation(s) in RCA: 113] [Impact Index Per Article: 16.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/11/2016] [Revised: 08/02/2016] [Accepted: 12/06/2016] [Indexed: 01/09/2023]
Abstract
Uncovering mechanisms that control immune responses in the resolution of bacterial infections is critical for the development of new therapeutic strategies that resolve infectious inflammation without unwanted side effects. We found that disruption of the vagal system in mice delayed resolution of Escherichia coli infection. Dissection of the right vagus decreased peritoneal group 3 innate lymphoid cell (ILC3) numbers and altered peritoneal macrophage responses. Vagotomy resulted in an inflammatory peritoneal lipid mediator profile characterized by reduced concentrations of pro-resolving mediators, including the protective immunoresolvent PCTR1, along with elevated inflammation-initiating eicosanoids. We found that acetylcholine upregulated the PCTR biosynthetic pathway in ILC3s. Administration of PCTR1 or ILC3s to vagotomized mice restored tissue resolution tone and host responses to E. coli infections. Together these findings elucidate a host protective mechanism mediated by ILC3-derived pro-resolving circuit, including PCTR1, that is controlled by local neuronal output to regulate tissue resolution tone and myeloid cell responses.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jesmond Dalli
- Center for Experimental Therapeutics and Reperfusion Injury, Harvard Institutes of Medicine, Department of Anesthesiology, Perioperative and Pain Medicine, Brigham and Women's Hospital and Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA 02115, USA; Lipid Mediator Unit, Centre for Biochemical Pharmacology, William Harvey Research Institute, Barts and the London School of Medicine, Queen Mary University of London, London EC1M 6BQ, UK.
| | - Romain A Colas
- Center for Experimental Therapeutics and Reperfusion Injury, Harvard Institutes of Medicine, Department of Anesthesiology, Perioperative and Pain Medicine, Brigham and Women's Hospital and Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA 02115, USA; Lipid Mediator Unit, Centre for Biochemical Pharmacology, William Harvey Research Institute, Barts and the London School of Medicine, Queen Mary University of London, London EC1M 6BQ, UK
| | - Hildur Arnardottir
- Center for Experimental Therapeutics and Reperfusion Injury, Harvard Institutes of Medicine, Department of Anesthesiology, Perioperative and Pain Medicine, Brigham and Women's Hospital and Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA 02115, USA
| | - Charles N Serhan
- Center for Experimental Therapeutics and Reperfusion Injury, Harvard Institutes of Medicine, Department of Anesthesiology, Perioperative and Pain Medicine, Brigham and Women's Hospital and Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA 02115, USA.
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261
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Rathod KS, Kapil V, Velmurugan S, Khambata RS, Siddique U, Khan S, Van Eijl S, Gee LC, Bansal J, Pitrola K, Shaw C, D’Acquisto F, Colas RA, Marelli-Berg F, Dalli J, Ahluwalia A. Accelerated resolution of inflammation underlies sex differences in inflammatory responses in humans. J Clin Invest 2017; 127:169-182. [PMID: 27893465 PMCID: PMC5199722 DOI: 10.1172/jci89429] [Citation(s) in RCA: 105] [Impact Index Per Article: 15.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/18/2016] [Accepted: 10/17/2016] [Indexed: 01/19/2023] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Cardiovascular disease occurs at lower incidence in premenopausal females compared with age-matched males. This variation may be linked to sex differences in inflammation. We prospectively investigated whether inflammation and components of the inflammatory response are altered in females compared with males. METHODS We performed 2 clinical studies in healthy volunteers. In 12 men and 12 women, we assessed systemic inflammatory markers and vascular function using brachial artery flow-mediated dilation (FMD). In a further 8 volunteers of each sex, we assessed FMD response to glyceryl trinitrate (GTN) at baseline and at 8 hours and 32 hours after typhoid vaccine. In a separate study in 16 men and 16 women, we measured inflammatory exudate mediators and cellular recruitment in cantharidin-induced skin blisters at 24 and 72 hours. RESULTS Typhoid vaccine induced mild systemic inflammation at 8 hours, reflected by increased white cell count in both sexes. Although neutrophil numbers at baseline and 8 hours were greater in females, the neutrophils were less activated. Systemic inflammation caused a decrease in FMD in males, but an increase in females, at 8 hours. In contrast, GTN response was not altered in either sex after vaccine. At 24 hours, cantharidin formed blisters of similar volume in both sexes; however, at 72 hours, blisters had only resolved in females. Monocyte and leukocyte counts were reduced, and the activation state of all major leukocytes was lower, in blisters of females. This was associated with enhanced levels of the resolving lipids, particularly D-resolvin. CONCLUSIONS Our findings suggest that female sex protects against systemic inflammation-induced endothelial dysfunction. This effect is likely due to accelerated resolution of inflammation compared with males, specifically via neutrophils, mediated by an elevation of the D-resolvin pathway. TRIAL REGISTRATION ClinicalTrials.gov NCT01582321 and NRES: City Road and Hampstead Ethics Committee: 11/LO/2038. FUNDING The authors were funded by multiple sources, including the National Institute for Health Research, the British Heart Foundation, and the European Research Council.
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262
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Abstract
Patients with rheumatoid arthritis (RA) often inquire about dietary interventions to improve RA symptoms. Although the majority of studies of diet and RA were published prior to the start of the twenty-first century, this review discusses the evidence for a relationship between diet, in particular omega-3 fatty acid supplements, vitamin D supplements, alcohol, and the Mediterranean diet and RA disease activity. We review possible mechanisms by which these dietary intakes may affect RA disease activity. Given the complexity of studying the relationship between diet and RA disease activity, we highlight areas deserving further study before specific recommendations can be made to RA patients.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sara K Tedeschi
- Division of Rheumatology, Immunology and Allergy, Brigham and Women's Hospital, 75 Francis Street, PBB-3, Boston, MA, 02115, USA.
| | - Karen H Costenbader
- Division of Rheumatology, Immunology and Allergy, Brigham and Women's Hospital, 75 Francis Street, PBB-3, Boston, MA, 02115, USA
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263
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Anti-inflammatory effects of an oxylipin-containing lyophilised biomass from a microalga in a murine recurrent colitis model. Br J Nutr 2016; 116:2044-2052. [PMID: 28025954 DOI: 10.1017/s0007114516004189] [Citation(s) in RCA: 26] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/15/2022]
Abstract
Diet and nutritional factors have emerged as possible interventions for inflammatory bowel diseases (IBD), which are characterised by chronic uncontrolled inflammation of the intestinal mucosa. Microalgal species are a promising source of n-3 PUFA and derived oxylipins, which are lipid mediators with a key role in the resolution of inflammation. The aim of the present study was to investigate the effects of an oxylipin-containing lyophilised biomass from Chlamydomonas debaryana on a recurrent 2,4,6-trinitrobenzenesulfonic acid (TNBS)-induced colitis mice model. Moderate chronic inflammation of the colon was induced in BALB/c mice by weekly intracolonic instillations of low dose of TNBS. Administration of the lyophilised microalgal biomass started 2 weeks before colitis induction and was continued throughout colitis development. Mice were killed 48 h after the last TNBS challenge. Oral administration of the microalgal biomass reduced TNBS-induced intestinal inflammation, evidenced by an inhibition of body weight loss, an improvement in colon morphology and a decrease in pro-inflammatory cytokines TNF-α, IL-1β, IL-6 and IL-17. This product also down-regulated colonic expressions of inducible nitric oxide, cyclo-oxygenase 2 and NF-κB, as well as increased PPAR-γ. In addition, lyophilised microalgal biomass up-regulated the expressions of the antioxidant transcription factor nuclear factor E2-related factor 2 and the target gene heme oxygenase 1. This study describes for the first time the prophylactic effects of an oxylipin-containing lyophilised microalgae biomass from C. debaryana in the acute phase of a recurrent TNBS-induced colitis model in mice. These findings suggest the potential use of this microalga, or derived oxylipins, as a nutraceutical in the treatment of IBD.
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264
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Chiang N, de la Rosa X, Libreros S, Serhan CN. Novel Resolvin D2 Receptor Axis in Infectious Inflammation. THE JOURNAL OF IMMUNOLOGY 2016; 198:842-851. [PMID: 27994074 DOI: 10.4049/jimmunol.1601650] [Citation(s) in RCA: 118] [Impact Index Per Article: 14.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/22/2016] [Accepted: 11/15/2016] [Indexed: 12/31/2022]
Abstract
Resolution of acute inflammation is an active process governed by specialized proresolving mediators, including resolvin (Rv)D2, that activates a cell surface G protein-coupled receptor, GPR18/DRV2. In this study, we investigated RvD2-DRV2-dependent resolution mechanisms using DRV2-deficient mice (DRV2-knockout [KO]). In polymicrobial sepsis initiated by cecal ligation and puncture, RvD2 (∼2.7 nmol/mouse) significantly increased survival (>50%) of wild-type mice and reduced hypothermia and bacterial titers compared with vehicle-treated cecal ligation and puncture mice that succumbed at 48 h. Protection by RvD2 was abolished in DRV2-KO mice. Mass spectrometry-based lipid mediator metabololipidomics demonstrated that DRV2-KO infectious exudates gave higher proinflammatory leukotriene B4 and procoagulating thromboxane B2, as well as lower specialized proresolving mediators, including RvD1 and RvD3, compared with wild-type. RvD2-DRV2-initiated intracellular signals were investigated using mass cytometry (cytometry by time-of-flight), which demonstrated that RvD2 enhanced phosphorylation of CREB, ERK1/2, and STAT3 in WT but not DRV2-KO macrophages. Monitored by real-time imaging, RvD2-DRV2 interaction significantly enhanced phagocytosis of live Escherichia coli, an action dependent on protein kinase A and STAT3 in macrophages. Taken together, we identified an RvD2/DRV2 axis that activates intracellular signaling pathways that increase phagocytosis-mediated bacterial clearance, survival, and organ protection. Moreover, these results provide evidence for RvD2-DRV2 and their downstream pathways in pathophysiology of infectious inflammation.
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Affiliation(s)
- Nan Chiang
- Center for Experimental Therapeutics and Reperfusion Injury, Department of Anesthesiology, Perioperative and Pain Medicine, Harvard Institutes of Medicine, Brigham and Women's Hospital and Harvard Medical School, Boston, Massachusetts 02115, USA
| | - Xavier de la Rosa
- Center for Experimental Therapeutics and Reperfusion Injury, Department of Anesthesiology, Perioperative and Pain Medicine, Harvard Institutes of Medicine, Brigham and Women's Hospital and Harvard Medical School, Boston, Massachusetts 02115, USA
| | - Stephania Libreros
- Center for Experimental Therapeutics and Reperfusion Injury, Department of Anesthesiology, Perioperative and Pain Medicine, Harvard Institutes of Medicine, Brigham and Women's Hospital and Harvard Medical School, Boston, Massachusetts 02115, USA
| | - Charles N Serhan
- Center for Experimental Therapeutics and Reperfusion Injury, Department of Anesthesiology, Perioperative and Pain Medicine, Harvard Institutes of Medicine, Brigham and Women's Hospital and Harvard Medical School, Boston, Massachusetts 02115, USA
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265
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Laan LC, Williams AR, Stavenhagen K, Giera M, Kooij G, Vlasakov I, Kalay H, Kringel H, Nejsum P, Thamsborg SM, Wuhrer M, Dijkstra CD, Cummings RD, van Die I. The whipworm (Trichuris suis) secretes prostaglandin E2 to suppress proinflammatory properties in human dendritic cells. FASEB J 2016; 31:719-731. [PMID: 27806992 DOI: 10.1096/fj.201600841r] [Citation(s) in RCA: 36] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/29/2016] [Accepted: 10/24/2016] [Indexed: 12/11/2022]
Abstract
Clinical trials have shown that administration of the nematode Trichuris suis can be beneficial in treating various immune disorders. To provide insight into the mechanisms by which this worm suppresses inflammatory responses, an active component was purified from T. suis soluble products (TsSPs) that suppress---- TNF and IL-12 secretion from LPS-activated human dendritic cells (DCs). Analysis by liquid chromatography tandem mass spectrometry identified this compound as prostaglandin (PG)E2. The purified compound showed similar properties compared with TsSPs and commercial PGE2 in modulating LPS-induced expression of many cytokines and chemokines and in modulating Rab7B and P2RX7 expression in human DCs. Furthermore, the TsSP-induced reduction of TNF secretion from DCs is reversed by receptor antagonists for EP2 and EP4, indicating PGE2 action. T. suis secretes extremely high amounts of PGE2 (45-90 ng/mg protein) within their excretory/secretory products but few related lipid mediators as established by metabololipidomic analysis. Culture of T. suis with several cyclooxygenase (COX) inhibitors that inhibit mammalian prostaglandin synthesis affected the worm's motility but did not inhibit PGE2 secretion, suggesting that the worms can synthesize PGE2 via a COX-independent pathway. We conclude that T. suis secretes PGE2 to suppress proinflammatory responses in human DCs, thereby modulating the host's immune response.-Laan, L. C., Williams, A. R., Stavenhagen, K., Giera, M., Kooij, G., Vlasakov, I., Kalay, H., Kringel, H., Nejsum, P., Thamsborg, S. M., Wuhrer, M., Dijkstra, C. D., Cummings, R. D., van Die, I. The whipworm (Trichuris suis) secretes prostaglandin E2 to suppress proinflammatory properties in human dendritic cells.
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Affiliation(s)
- Lisa C Laan
- Department of Molecular Cell Biology and Immunology, Neuroscience Campus Amsterdam, Vrije Universiteit Medical Center Amsterdam, Amsterdam, The Netherlands
| | - Andrew R Williams
- Section for Parasitology, Health, and Development, Department of Veterinary Disease Biology, University of Copenhagen, Denmark
| | - Kathrin Stavenhagen
- Division of BioAnalytical Chemistry, Vrije Universiteit Amsterdam, Amsterdam, The Netherlands.,Center for Proteomics and Metabolomics, Leiden University Medical Center, Leiden, The Netherlands
| | - Martin Giera
- Center for Proteomics and Metabolomics, Leiden University Medical Center, Leiden, The Netherlands
| | - Gijs Kooij
- Department of Molecular Cell Biology and Immunology, Neuroscience Campus Amsterdam, Vrije Universiteit Medical Center Amsterdam, Amsterdam, The Netherlands.,Center for Experimental Therapeutics and Reperfusion Injury, Harvard Institutes of Medicine, Brigham and Women's Hospital and Harvard Medical School, Boston, Massachusetts, USA; and
| | - Iliyan Vlasakov
- Center for Experimental Therapeutics and Reperfusion Injury, Harvard Institutes of Medicine, Brigham and Women's Hospital and Harvard Medical School, Boston, Massachusetts, USA; and
| | - Hakan Kalay
- Department of Molecular Cell Biology and Immunology, Neuroscience Campus Amsterdam, Vrije Universiteit Medical Center Amsterdam, Amsterdam, The Netherlands
| | - Helene Kringel
- Section for Parasitology, Health, and Development, Department of Veterinary Disease Biology, University of Copenhagen, Denmark
| | - Peter Nejsum
- Section for Parasitology, Health, and Development, Department of Veterinary Disease Biology, University of Copenhagen, Denmark
| | - Stig M Thamsborg
- Section for Parasitology, Health, and Development, Department of Veterinary Disease Biology, University of Copenhagen, Denmark
| | - Manfred Wuhrer
- Division of BioAnalytical Chemistry, Vrije Universiteit Amsterdam, Amsterdam, The Netherlands.,Center for Proteomics and Metabolomics, Leiden University Medical Center, Leiden, The Netherlands
| | - Christine D Dijkstra
- Department of Molecular Cell Biology and Immunology, Neuroscience Campus Amsterdam, Vrije Universiteit Medical Center Amsterdam, Amsterdam, The Netherlands
| | - Richard D Cummings
- Department of Surgery, Beth Israel Deaconess Medical Center, Harvard Medical School Center for Glycosciences, Boston, Massachusetts, USA
| | - Irma van Die
- Department of Molecular Cell Biology and Immunology, Neuroscience Campus Amsterdam, Vrije Universiteit Medical Center Amsterdam, Amsterdam, The Netherlands;
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266
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Colas RA, Dalli J, Chiang N, Vlasakov I, Sanger JM, Riley IR, Serhan CN. Identification and Actions of the Maresin 1 Metabolome in Infectious Inflammation. THE JOURNAL OF IMMUNOLOGY 2016; 197:4444-4452. [PMID: 27799313 DOI: 10.4049/jimmunol.1600837] [Citation(s) in RCA: 59] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/12/2016] [Accepted: 10/03/2016] [Indexed: 12/22/2022]
Abstract
Maresin 1 (MaR1) is an immunoresolvent that governs resolution of acute inflammation, and its local metabolism in the context of infectious inflammation is of interest. In this study, we investigated the MaR1 metabolome in infectious exudates and its bioactions in regulating leukocyte responses in the context of bacterial infection. In Escherichia coli infectious exudates, MaR1 was temporally regulated with maximal levels at 4 h (2.2 ± 0.4 pg/lavage). In these exudates we also identified two novel products, and their structure elucidation gave 22-hydroxy-MaR1 and 14-oxo-MaR1. Using human primary leukocytes, we found that neutrophils primarily produced 22-OH-MaR1, whereas the main macrophage product was 14-oxo-MaR1. Both 22-OH-MaR1 and 14-oxo-MaR1 incubated with human primary macrophages gave dose-dependent increases in macrophage phagocytosis of ∼75% at 1 pM 22-OH-MaR1 and ∼25% at 1 pM 14-oxo-MaR1, whereas 14-oxo-MaR1 was less active than MaR1 at higher concentrations. Together these findings establish the temporal regulation of MaR1 during infectious inflammation, and elucidate the structures and actions of two novel MaR1 further metabolites that carry bioactivities.
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Affiliation(s)
- Romain A Colas
- Department of Anesthesiology, Perioperative and Pain Medicine, Center for Experimental Therapeutics and Reperfusion Injury, Harvard Institutes of Medicine, Brigham and Women's Hospital and Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA 02115
| | - Jesmond Dalli
- Department of Anesthesiology, Perioperative and Pain Medicine, Center for Experimental Therapeutics and Reperfusion Injury, Harvard Institutes of Medicine, Brigham and Women's Hospital and Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA 02115
| | - Nan Chiang
- Department of Anesthesiology, Perioperative and Pain Medicine, Center for Experimental Therapeutics and Reperfusion Injury, Harvard Institutes of Medicine, Brigham and Women's Hospital and Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA 02115
| | - Iliyan Vlasakov
- Department of Anesthesiology, Perioperative and Pain Medicine, Center for Experimental Therapeutics and Reperfusion Injury, Harvard Institutes of Medicine, Brigham and Women's Hospital and Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA 02115
| | - Julia M Sanger
- Department of Anesthesiology, Perioperative and Pain Medicine, Center for Experimental Therapeutics and Reperfusion Injury, Harvard Institutes of Medicine, Brigham and Women's Hospital and Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA 02115
| | - Ian R Riley
- Department of Anesthesiology, Perioperative and Pain Medicine, Center for Experimental Therapeutics and Reperfusion Injury, Harvard Institutes of Medicine, Brigham and Women's Hospital and Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA 02115
| | - Charles N Serhan
- Department of Anesthesiology, Perioperative and Pain Medicine, Center for Experimental Therapeutics and Reperfusion Injury, Harvard Institutes of Medicine, Brigham and Women's Hospital and Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA 02115
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267
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Primdahl K, Aursnes M, Walker ME, Colas R, Serhan CN, Dalli J, Hansen TV, Vik A. Synthesis of 13(R)-Hydroxy-7Z,10Z,13R,14E,16Z,19Z Docosapentaenoic Acid (13R-HDPA) and Its Biosynthetic Conversion to the 13-Series Resolvins. JOURNAL OF NATURAL PRODUCTS 2016; 79:2693-2702. [PMID: 27704804 PMCID: PMC5149404 DOI: 10.1021/acs.jnatprod.6b00634] [Citation(s) in RCA: 26] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/08/2016] [Indexed: 05/22/2023]
Abstract
Specialized pro-resolving lipid mediators are biosynthesized during the resolution phase of acute inflammation from n-3 polyunsaturated fatty acids. Recently, the isolation and identification of the four novel mediators denoted 13-series resolvins, namely, RvT1 (1), RvT2 (2), RvT3 (3) and RvT4 (4), were reported, which showed potent bioactions characteristic for specialized pro-resolving lipid mediators. Herein, based on results from LC/MS-MS metabololipidomics and the stereoselective synthesis of 13(R)-hydroxy-7Z,10Z,13R,14E,16Z,19Z docosapentaenoic acid (13R-HDPA, 5), we provide direct evidence that the four novel mediators 1-4 are all biosynthesized from the pivotal intermediate 5. The UV and LC/MS-MS results from synthetic 13R-HDPA (5) matched those from endogenously and biosynthetically produced material obtained from in vivo infectious exudates, endothelial cells, and human recombinant COX-2 enzyme. Stereochemically pure 5 was obtained with the use of a chiral pool starting material that installed the configuration at the C-13 atom as R. Two stereoselective Z-Wittig reactions and two Z-selective reductions of internal alkynes afforded the geometrically pure alkene moieties in 5. Incubation of 5 with isolated human neutrophils gave all four RvTs. The results presented herein provide new knowledge on the biosynthetic pathways and the enzymatic origin of RvTs 1-4.
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Affiliation(s)
- Karoline
G. Primdahl
- School
of Pharmacy, Department of Pharmaceutical Chemistry, University of Oslo, P.O. Box 1068 Blindern, N-0316 Oslo, Norway
- William
Harvey Research Institute, Barts and The London School of Medicine
and Dentistry, Queen Mary University of
London, Charterhouse
Square, London, UK, EC1M 6BQ
| | - Marius Aursnes
- School
of Pharmacy, Department of Pharmaceutical Chemistry, University of Oslo, P.O. Box 1068 Blindern, N-0316 Oslo, Norway
| | - Mary E. Walker
- William
Harvey Research Institute, Barts and The London School of Medicine
and Dentistry, Queen Mary University of
London, Charterhouse
Square, London, UK, EC1M 6BQ
| | - Romain
A. Colas
- William
Harvey Research Institute, Barts and The London School of Medicine
and Dentistry, Queen Mary University of
London, Charterhouse
Square, London, UK, EC1M 6BQ
| | - Charles N. Serhan
- Center
for Experimental Therapeutics and Reperfusion Injury, Department of
Anesthesiology, Perioperative and Pain Medicine, Harvard Institutes
of Medicine, Brigham and Women’s
Hospital and Harvard Medical School, Boston, Massachusetts 02115, United States
| | - Jesmond Dalli
- William
Harvey Research Institute, Barts and The London School of Medicine
and Dentistry, Queen Mary University of
London, Charterhouse
Square, London, UK, EC1M 6BQ
- E-mail:
| | - Trond V. Hansen
- School
of Pharmacy, Department of Pharmaceutical Chemistry, University of Oslo, P.O. Box 1068 Blindern, N-0316 Oslo, Norway
- E-mail:
| | - Anders Vik
- School
of Pharmacy, Department of Pharmaceutical Chemistry, University of Oslo, P.O. Box 1068 Blindern, N-0316 Oslo, Norway
- E-mail:
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268
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Reese I, Werfel T. Do long-chain omega-3 fatty acids protect from atopic dermatitis? J Dtsch Dermatol Ges 2016; 13:879-85. [PMID: 26882378 DOI: 10.1111/ddg.12780] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/28/2022]
Abstract
Long-chain polyunsaturated fatty acids are essential for human nutrition. The number of double bonds determines whether a given fatty acid is termed two, three, or x times unsaturated. Depending on the distance of the first double bond from the fatty acid's methyl group, one distinguishes omega-3 fatty acids from omega-6 fatty acids. While the use of gamma linolenic acid, a long-chain fatty acid of the omega-6 family, has proven unsuccessful in the prevention or treatment of atopic dermatitis, supplementation of long-chain omega-3 fatty acids may represent a promising approach in the prevention of allergic disorders, especially atopic dermatitis. Whether the concept of long-chain omega-3 fatty acid administration will also become established in a therapeutic setting, depends on whether the beneficial effects observed so far can be substantiated in randomized controlled intervention studies.
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Affiliation(s)
- Imke Reese
- Nutrition Counseling and Therapy with Special Focus on Allergology, Munich, Germany
| | - Thomas Werfel
- Division of Immunodermatology and Experimental Allergology, Department of Dermatology, Allergology, and Venereology, Medical University Hanover, Hanover, Germany
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269
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Maresin conjugates in tissue regeneration biosynthesis enzymes in human macrophages. Proc Natl Acad Sci U S A 2016; 113:12232-12237. [PMID: 27791009 DOI: 10.1073/pnas.1607003113] [Citation(s) in RCA: 74] [Impact Index Per Article: 9.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/31/2022] Open
Abstract
Macrophages are central in coordinating immune responses, tissue repair, and regeneration, with different subtypes being associated with inflammation-initiating and proresolving actions. We recently identified a family of macrophage-derived proresolving and tissue regenerative molecules coined maresin conjugates in tissue regeneration (MCTR). Herein, using lipid mediator profiling we identified MCTR in human serum, lymph nodes, and plasma and investigated MCTR biosynthetic pathways in human macrophages. With human recombinant enzymes, primary cells, and enantiomerically pure compounds we found that the synthetic maresin epoxide intermediate 13S,14S-eMaR (13S,14S-epoxy- 4Z,7Z,9E,11E,16Z,19Z-docosahexaenoic acid) was converted to MCTR1 (13R-glutathionyl, 14S-hydroxy-4Z,7Z,9E,11E,13R,14S,16Z,19Z-docosahexaenoic acid) by LTC4S and GSTM4. Incubation of human macrophages with LTC4S inhibitors blocked LTC4 and increased resolvins and lipoxins. The conversion of MCTR1 to MCTR2 (13R-cysteinylglycinyl, 14S-hydroxy-4Z,7Z,9E,11E,13R,14S,16Z,19Z-docosahexaenoic acid) was catalyzed by γ-glutamyl transferase (GGT) in human macrophages. Biosynthesis of MCTR3 was mediated by dipeptidases that cleaved the cysteinyl-glycinyl bond of MCTR2 to give 13R-cysteinyl, 14S-hydroxy-4Z,7Z,9E,11E,13R,14S,16Z,19Z-docosahexaenoic acid. Of note, both GSTM4 and GGT enzymes displayed higher affinity to 13S,14S-eMaR and MCTR1 compared with their classic substrates in the cysteinyl leukotriene metabolome. Together these results establish the MCTR biosynthetic pathway and provide mechanisms in tissue repair and regeneration.
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270
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Fredman G, Hellmann J, Proto JD, Kuriakose G, Colas RA, Dorweiler B, Connolly ES, Solomon R, Jones DM, Heyer EJ, Spite M, Tabas I. An imbalance between specialized pro-resolving lipid mediators and pro-inflammatory leukotrienes promotes instability of atherosclerotic plaques. Nat Commun 2016; 7:12859. [PMID: 27659679 PMCID: PMC5036151 DOI: 10.1038/ncomms12859] [Citation(s) in RCA: 304] [Impact Index Per Article: 38.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/05/2016] [Accepted: 08/10/2016] [Indexed: 12/21/2022] Open
Abstract
Chronic unresolved inflammation plays a causal role in the development of advanced atherosclerosis, but the mechanisms that prevent resolution in atherosclerosis remain unclear. Here, we use targeted mass spectrometry to identify specialized pro-resolving lipid mediators (SPM) in histologically-defined stable and vulnerable regions of human carotid atherosclerotic plaques. The levels of SPMs, particularly resolvin D1 (RvD1), and the ratio of SPMs to pro-inflammatory leukotriene B4 (LTB4), are significantly decreased in the vulnerable regions. SPMs are also decreased in advanced plaques of fat-fed Ldlr−/− mice. Administration of RvD1 to these mice during plaque progression restores the RvD1:LTB4 ratio to that of less advanced lesions and promotes plaque stability, including decreased lesional oxidative stress and necrosis, improved lesional efferocytosis, and thicker fibrous caps. These findings provide molecular support for the concept that defective inflammation resolution contributes to the formation of clinically dangerous plaques and offer a mechanistic rationale for SPM therapy to promote plaque stability. Atherosclerosis progression is linked to inflammatory processes in the blood vessel wall. Here, the authors show that, with the progression of atherosclerosis, the resolution of inflammation is impaired as the result of an imbalance between specialized pro-resolving lipid mediators and leukotrienes.
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Affiliation(s)
- Gabrielle Fredman
- Department of Anesthesiology, Perioperative and Pain Medicine, Departments of Medicine, Pathology &Cell Biology, and Physiology, Columbia University Medical Center, 630 West 168th Street, New York, New York 10032, USA.,The Department of Molecular and Cellular Physiology, Center for Cardiovascular Sciences, Albany Medical College, 47 New Scotland Avenue, Albany, New York 12208, USA
| | - Jason Hellmann
- Department of Anesthesiology, Perioperative and Pain Medicine, The Center for Experimental Therapeutics and Reperfusion Injury, Brigham and Women's Hospital and Harvard Medical School, Boston, Massachusetts 02115, USA
| | - Jonathan D Proto
- Department of Anesthesiology, Perioperative and Pain Medicine, Departments of Medicine, Pathology &Cell Biology, and Physiology, Columbia University Medical Center, 630 West 168th Street, New York, New York 10032, USA
| | - George Kuriakose
- Department of Anesthesiology, Perioperative and Pain Medicine, Departments of Medicine, Pathology &Cell Biology, and Physiology, Columbia University Medical Center, 630 West 168th Street, New York, New York 10032, USA
| | - Romain A Colas
- Department of Anesthesiology, Perioperative and Pain Medicine, The Center for Experimental Therapeutics and Reperfusion Injury, Brigham and Women's Hospital and Harvard Medical School, Boston, Massachusetts 02115, USA
| | - Bernhard Dorweiler
- Division of Vascular Surgery, Department of Cardiothoracic and Vascular Surgery, University Medical Center of the Johannes Gutenberg University, Langenbeckstraße 1, Mainz D-55131, Germany
| | - E Sander Connolly
- Department of Neurosurgery, Columbia University Medical Center, New York, New York 10032, USA
| | - Robert Solomon
- Department of Neurosurgery, Columbia University Medical Center, New York, New York 10032, USA
| | - David M Jones
- The Department of Pathology, Albany Medical College, 47 New Scotland Avenue, Albany, New York 12208, USA
| | - Eric J Heyer
- Department of Anesthesiology, Columbia University Medical Center, New York, New York 10032, USA
| | - Matthew Spite
- Department of Anesthesiology, Perioperative and Pain Medicine, The Center for Experimental Therapeutics and Reperfusion Injury, Brigham and Women's Hospital and Harvard Medical School, Boston, Massachusetts 02115, USA
| | - Ira Tabas
- Department of Anesthesiology, Perioperative and Pain Medicine, Departments of Medicine, Pathology &Cell Biology, and Physiology, Columbia University Medical Center, 630 West 168th Street, New York, New York 10032, USA
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271
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Titos E, Rius B, López-Vicario C, Alcaraz-Quiles J, García-Alonso V, Lopategi A, Dalli J, Lozano JJ, Arroyo V, Delgado S, Serhan CN, Clària J. Signaling and Immunoresolving Actions of Resolvin D1 in Inflamed Human Visceral Adipose Tissue. THE JOURNAL OF IMMUNOLOGY 2016; 197:3360-3370. [PMID: 27647830 DOI: 10.4049/jimmunol.1502522] [Citation(s) in RCA: 83] [Impact Index Per Article: 10.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/02/2015] [Accepted: 08/22/2016] [Indexed: 12/31/2022]
Abstract
Persistent activation of the innate immune system greatly influences the risk for developing metabolic complications associated with obesity. In this study, we explored the therapeutic potential of the specialized proresolving mediator (SPM) resolvin D1 (RvD1) to actively promote the resolution of inflammation in human visceral adipose tissue from obese (Ob) patients. Using liquid chromatography-tandem mass spectrometry-based metabololipidomic analysis, we identified unbalanced production of SPMs (i.e., D- and E-series resolvins, protectin D1, maresin 1, and lipoxins) with respect to inflammatory lipid mediators (i.e., leukotriene B4 and PGs) in omental adipose tissue from Ob patients. In parallel, high-throughput transcriptomic analysis revealed a unique signature in this tissue that was characterized by overactivation of the IL-10 signaling pathway. Incubation of inflamed Ob visceral adipose tissues and human macrophages with RvD1 limited excessive activation of the IL-10 pathway by reducing phosphorylation of STAT proteins. Of interest, RvD1 blocked STAT-1 and its target inflammatory genes (i.e., CXCL9), as well as persistent STAT3 activation, without affecting the IL-10 anti-inflammatory response characterized by inhibition of IL-6, IL-1β, IL-8, and TNF-α. Furthermore, RvD1 promoted resolution by enhancing expression of the IL-10 target gene heme oxygenase-1 by mechanisms dependent on p38 MAPK activity. Together, our data show that RvD1 can tailor the quantitative and qualitative responses of human inflamed adipose tissue to IL-10 and provide a mechanistic basis for the immunoresolving actions of RvD1 in this tissue. These findings may have potential therapeutic implications in obesity-related insulin resistance and other metabolic complications.
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Affiliation(s)
- Esther Titos
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Genetics, Hospital Clínic, August Pi i Sunyer Biomedical Research Institute, Barcelona 08036, Spain; .,Biomedical Research Networking Center on Liver and Digestive Diseases, Barcelona 08036, Spain
| | - Bibiana Rius
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Genetics, Hospital Clínic, August Pi i Sunyer Biomedical Research Institute, Barcelona 08036, Spain
| | - Cristina López-Vicario
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Genetics, Hospital Clínic, August Pi i Sunyer Biomedical Research Institute, Barcelona 08036, Spain
| | - José Alcaraz-Quiles
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Genetics, Hospital Clínic, August Pi i Sunyer Biomedical Research Institute, Barcelona 08036, Spain
| | - Verónica García-Alonso
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Genetics, Hospital Clínic, August Pi i Sunyer Biomedical Research Institute, Barcelona 08036, Spain
| | - Aritz Lopategi
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Genetics, Hospital Clínic, August Pi i Sunyer Biomedical Research Institute, Barcelona 08036, Spain
| | - Jesmond Dalli
- Department of Anesthesiology, Perioperative and Pain Medicine, Center for Experimental Therapeutics and Reperfusion Injury, Brigham and Women's Hospital and Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA 02115
| | - Juan José Lozano
- Biomedical Research Networking Center on Liver and Digestive Diseases, Barcelona 08036, Spain
| | - Vicente Arroyo
- European Foundation for the Study of Chronic Liver Failure, Barcelona 08036, Spain
| | - Salvadora Delgado
- Department of Gastrointestinal Surgery, Hospital Clínic, August Pi i Sunyer Biomedical Research Institute, Barcelona 08036, Spain; and
| | - Charles N Serhan
- Department of Anesthesiology, Perioperative and Pain Medicine, Center for Experimental Therapeutics and Reperfusion Injury, Brigham and Women's Hospital and Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA 02115
| | - Joan Clària
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Genetics, Hospital Clínic, August Pi i Sunyer Biomedical Research Institute, Barcelona 08036, Spain; .,Biomedical Research Networking Center on Liver and Digestive Diseases, Barcelona 08036, Spain.,Department of Biomedical Sciences, University of Barcelona, Barcelona 08036, Spain
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272
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Mozurkewich EL, Greenwood M, Clinton C, Berman D, Romero V, Djuric Z, Qualls C, Gronert K. Pathway Markers for Pro-resolving Lipid Mediators in Maternal and Umbilical Cord Blood: A Secondary Analysis of the Mothers, Omega-3, and Mental Health Study. Front Pharmacol 2016; 7:274. [PMID: 27656142 PMCID: PMC5013256 DOI: 10.3389/fphar.2016.00274] [Citation(s) in RCA: 36] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/14/2016] [Accepted: 08/11/2016] [Indexed: 12/13/2022] Open
Abstract
The omega-3 fatty acids docosahexaenoic acid (DHA) and eicosapentaenoic acid (EPA) are precursors to immune regulatory and specialized pro-resolving mediators (SPM) of inflammation termed resolvins, maresins, and protectins. Evidence for lipid mediator formation in vivo can be gained through evaluation of their 5-lipoxygenase (LOX) and 15-LOX metabolic pathway precursors and downstream metabolites. We performed a secondary blood sample analysis from 60 participants in the Mothers, Omega-3, and Mental Health study to determine whether SPM and SPM precursors are augmented by dietary EPA- and DHA-rich fish oil supplementation compared to soy oil placebo. We also aimed to study whether SPM and their precursors differ in early and late pregnancy or between maternal and umbilical cord blood. We found that compared to placebo supplementation, EPA- and DHA-rich fish oil supplementation increased SPM precursor 17-hydroxy docosahexaenoic acid (17-HDHA) concentrations in maternal and umbilical cord blood (P = 0.02). We found that the D-series resolvin pathway marker 17-HDHA increased significantly between enrollment and late pregnancy (P = 0.049). Levels of both 14-HDHA, a maresin pathway marker, and 17-HDHA were significantly greater in umbilical cord blood than in maternal blood (P < 0.001, both).
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Affiliation(s)
- Ellen L Mozurkewich
- Obstetrics and Gynecology, University of New MexicoAlbuquerque, NM, USA; Obstetrics and Gynecology, University of MichiganAnn Arbor, MI, USA
| | - Matthew Greenwood
- Vision Science Program, Infectious Diseases and Immunity Program, School of Optometry, University of California at Berkeley Berkeley, CA, USA
| | | | - Deborah Berman
- Obstetrics and Gynecology, University of Michigan Ann Arbor, MI, USA
| | - Vivian Romero
- Obstetrics and Gynecology, Michigan State University Grand Rapids, MI, USA
| | - Zora Djuric
- Family Medicine, University of Michigan Ann Arbor, MI, USA
| | - Clifford Qualls
- Clinical and Translational Sciences Center, University of New Mexico Albuquerque, NM, USA
| | - Karsten Gronert
- Vision Science Program, Infectious Diseases and Immunity Program, School of Optometry, University of California at Berkeley Berkeley, CA, USA
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273
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Abdulnour REE, Sham HP, Douda DN, Colas RA, Dalli J, Bai Y, Ai X, Serhan CN, Levy BD. Aspirin-triggered resolvin D1 is produced during self-resolving gram-negative bacterial pneumonia and regulates host immune responses for the resolution of lung inflammation. Mucosal Immunol 2016; 9:1278-87. [PMID: 26647716 PMCID: PMC5107310 DOI: 10.1038/mi.2015.129] [Citation(s) in RCA: 77] [Impact Index Per Article: 9.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/03/2015] [Accepted: 10/10/2015] [Indexed: 02/04/2023]
Abstract
Bacterial pneumonia is a leading cause of morbidity and mortality worldwide. Host responses to contain infection and mitigate pathogen-mediated lung inflammation are critical for pneumonia resolution. Aspirin-triggered resolvin D1 (AT-RvD1; 7S,8R,17R-trihydroxy-4Z,9E,11E,13Z,15E,19Z-docosahexaenoic acid) is a lipid mediator (LM) that displays organ-protective actions in sterile lung inflammation, and regulates pathogen-initiated cellular responses. Here, in a self-resolving murine model of Escherichia coli pneumonia, LM metabololipidomics performed on lungs obtained at baseline, 24, and 72 h after infection uncovered temporal regulation of endogenous AT-RvD1 production. Early treatment with exogenous AT-RvD1 (1 h post infection) enhanced clearance of E. coli and Pseudomonas aeruginosa in vivo, and lung macrophage phagocytosis of fluorescent bacterial particles ex vivo. Characterization of macrophage subsets in the alveolar compartment during pneumonia identified efferocytosis by infiltrating macrophages (CD11b(Hi) CD11c(Low)) and exudative macrophages (CD11b(Hi) CD11c(Hi)). AT-RvD1 increased efferocytosis by these cells ex vivo, and accelerated neutrophil clearance during pneumonia in vivo. These anti-bacterial and pro-resolving actions of AT-RvD1 were additive to antibiotic therapy. Taken together, these findings suggest that the pro-resolving actions of AT-RvD1 during pneumonia represent a novel host-directed therapeutic strategy to complement the current antibiotic-centered approach for combatting infections.
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Affiliation(s)
- Raja Elie E. Abdulnour
- Pulmonary and Critical Care Medicine, Brigham and Women’s Hospital and Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA, 02115, USA
| | - Ho Pan Sham
- Pulmonary and Critical Care Medicine, Brigham and Women’s Hospital and Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA, 02115, USA
| | - David N. Douda
- Pulmonary and Critical Care Medicine, Brigham and Women’s Hospital and Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA, 02115, USA
| | - Romain A. Colas
- Center for Experimental Therapeutics and Reperfusion Injury, Department of Anesthesiology, Perioperative and Pain Medicine, Brigham and Women’s Hospital and Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA, 02115, USA
| | - Jesmond Dalli
- Center for Experimental Therapeutics and Reperfusion Injury, Department of Anesthesiology, Perioperative and Pain Medicine, Brigham and Women’s Hospital and Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA, 02115, USA
| | - Yan Bai
- Pulmonary and Critical Care Medicine, Brigham and Women’s Hospital and Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA, 02115, USA
| | - Xingbin Ai
- Pulmonary and Critical Care Medicine, Brigham and Women’s Hospital and Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA, 02115, USA
| | - Charles N. Serhan
- Center for Experimental Therapeutics and Reperfusion Injury, Department of Anesthesiology, Perioperative and Pain Medicine, Brigham and Women’s Hospital and Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA, 02115, USA
| | - Bruce D. Levy
- Pulmonary and Critical Care Medicine, Brigham and Women’s Hospital and Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA, 02115, USA,Center for Experimental Therapeutics and Reperfusion Injury, Department of Anesthesiology, Perioperative and Pain Medicine, Brigham and Women’s Hospital and Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA, 02115, USA
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274
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Kuda O, Brezinova M, Rombaldova M, Slavikova B, Posta M, Beier P, Janovska P, Veleba J, Kopecky J, Kudova E, Pelikanova T, Kopecky J. Docosahexaenoic Acid-Derived Fatty Acid Esters of Hydroxy Fatty Acids (FAHFAs) With Anti-inflammatory Properties. Diabetes 2016; 65:2580-90. [PMID: 27313314 DOI: 10.2337/db16-0385] [Citation(s) in RCA: 120] [Impact Index Per Article: 15.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/23/2016] [Accepted: 06/07/2016] [Indexed: 11/13/2022]
Abstract
White adipose tissue (WAT) is a complex organ with both metabolic and endocrine functions. Dysregulation of all of these functions of WAT, together with low-grade inflammation of the tissue in obese individuals, contributes to the development of insulin resistance and type 2 diabetes. n-3 polyunsaturated fatty acids (PUFAs) of marine origin play an important role in the resolution of inflammation and exert beneficial metabolic effects. Using experiments in mice and overweight/obese patients with type 2 diabetes, we elucidated the structures of novel members of fatty acid esters of hydroxy fatty acids-lipokines derived from docosahexaenoic acid (DHA) and linoleic acid, which were present in serum and WAT after n-3 PUFA supplementation. These compounds contained DHA esterified to 9- and 13-hydroxyoctadecadienoic acid (HLA) or 14-hydroxydocosahexaenoic acid (HDHA), termed 9-DHAHLA, 13-DHAHLA, and 14-DHAHDHA, and were synthesized by adipocytes at concentrations comparable to those of protectins and resolvins derived from DHA in WAT. 13-DHAHLA exerted anti-inflammatory and proresolving properties while reducing macrophage activation by lipopolysaccharides and enhancing the phagocytosis of zymosan particles. Our results document the existence of novel lipid mediators, which are involved in the beneficial anti-inflammatory effects attributed to n-3 PUFAs, in both mice and humans.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ondrej Kuda
- Department of Adipose Tissue Biology, Institute of Physiology of the Czech Academy of Sciences, Prague, Czech Republic
| | - Marie Brezinova
- Department of Adipose Tissue Biology, Institute of Physiology of the Czech Academy of Sciences, Prague, Czech Republic
| | - Martina Rombaldova
- Department of Adipose Tissue Biology, Institute of Physiology of the Czech Academy of Sciences, Prague, Czech Republic
| | - Barbora Slavikova
- Institute of Organic Chemistry and Biochemistry of the Czech Academy of Sciences, Prague, Czech Republic
| | - Martin Posta
- Institute of Organic Chemistry and Biochemistry of the Czech Academy of Sciences, Prague, Czech Republic
| | - Petr Beier
- Institute of Organic Chemistry and Biochemistry of the Czech Academy of Sciences, Prague, Czech Republic
| | - Petra Janovska
- Department of Adipose Tissue Biology, Institute of Physiology of the Czech Academy of Sciences, Prague, Czech Republic
| | - Jiri Veleba
- Diabetes Centre, Institute for Clinical and Experimental Medicine, Prague, Czech Republic
| | - Jan Kopecky
- Diabetes Centre, Institute for Clinical and Experimental Medicine, Prague, Czech Republic
| | - Eva Kudova
- Institute of Organic Chemistry and Biochemistry of the Czech Academy of Sciences, Prague, Czech Republic
| | - Terezie Pelikanova
- Diabetes Centre, Institute for Clinical and Experimental Medicine, Prague, Czech Republic
| | - Jan Kopecky
- Department of Adipose Tissue Biology, Institute of Physiology of the Czech Academy of Sciences, Prague, Czech Republic
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275
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Abstract
OBJECTIVES Innate immune dysfunction after major burn injuries increases the susceptibility to organ failure. Lipid mediators of inflammation resolution, e.g., resolvin D2, have been shown recently to restore neutrophil functionality and reduce mortality rate in a rat model of major burn injury. However, the physiological mechanisms responsible for the benefic activity of resolvin D2 are not well understood. DESIGN Prospective randomized animal investigation. SETTING Academic research setting. SUBJECTS Wistar male rats. INTERVENTIONS Animals were subjected to a full-thickness burn of 30% total body surface area. Two hours after burn, 25 ng/kg resolvin D2 was administered IV and repeated every day, for 8 days. At day 10 post burn, 2 mg/kg of lipopolysaccharide was administered IV, and the presence of renal and hepatic injuries was evaluated at day 11 post burn by histology, immunohistochemistry, and relevant blood chemistry. MEASUREMENTS AND MAIN RESULTS In untreated animals, we found significant tissue damage in the kidneys and liver, consistent with acute tubular necrosis and multifocal necrosis, and changes in blood chemistry, reflecting the deterioration of renal and hepatic functions. We detected less tissue damage and significantly lower values of blood urea nitrogen (26.4 ± 2.1 vs 36.0 ± 9.3 mg/dL; p ≤ 0.001), alanine aminotransferase (266.5 ± 295.2 vs 861.8 ± 813.7 U/L; p ≤ 0.01), and total bilirubin (0.13 ± 0.05 vs 0.30 ± 0.14 mg/dL; p ≤ 0.01) in resolvin D2-treated rats than in untreated animals. The mean blood pressure of all animals was above 65 mm Hg, indicating adequate tissue perfusion throughout the experiments. We measured significantly larger amounts of chromatin in the circulation of untreated than of resolvin D2-treated rats (575.1 ± 331.0 vs 264.1 ± 122.4 ng/mL; p ≤ 0.05) and identified neutrophil extracellular traps in kidney and liver tissues from untreated rats, consistent with the tissue damage. CONCLUSIONS Pathologic changes in kidney and liver tissues in a rat model of major burn and endotoxin insults are ameliorated by resolvin D2.
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276
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Lance KD, Chatterjee A, Wu B, Mottola G, Nuhn H, Lee PP, Sansbury BE, Spite M, Desai TA, Conte MS. Unidirectional and sustained delivery of the proresolving lipid mediator resolvin D1 from a biodegradable thin film device. J Biomed Mater Res A 2016; 105:31-41. [PMID: 27508346 DOI: 10.1002/jbm.a.35861] [Citation(s) in RCA: 22] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/06/2016] [Revised: 07/24/2016] [Accepted: 08/08/2016] [Indexed: 12/20/2022]
Abstract
Resolvin D1 (RvD1) belongs to a family of endogenously derived proresolving lipid mediators that have been shown to attenuate inflammation, activate proresolution signaling, and promote homeostasis and recovery from tissue injury. In this study we present a poly(lactic-co-glycolic acid) (PLGA) based thin-film device composed of layers of varying ratios of lactic and glycolic acid that elutes RvD1 unidirectionally to target tissues. The device demonstrated sustained release in vitro for 56 days with an initial burst of release over 14 days. The asymmetric design of the device released 98% of RvD1 through the layer with the lowest molar ratio of lactic acid to glycolic acid, and the remainder through the opposite side. We validated structural integrity of RvD1 released from the device by mass spectrometry and investigated its bioactivity on human vascular endothelial (EC) and smooth muscle cells (VSMC). RvD1 released from the device attenuated VSMC migration, proliferation, and TNF-α induced NF-κB activation, without evidence of cytotoxicity. Delivery of RvD1 to blood vessels was demonstrated ex vivo in a flow chamber system using perfused rabbit aortas and in vivo in a rat carotid artery model, with the devices applied as an adventitial wrap. Our results demonstrate a novel approach for sustained, local delivery of Resolvin D1 to vascular tissue at therapeutically relevant levels. © 2016 Wiley Periodicals, Inc. J Biomed Mater Res Part A: 105A: 31-41, 2017.
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Affiliation(s)
- Kevin D Lance
- UC Berkeley-UCSF Graduate Group in Bioengineering, San Francisco, California, 94158.,Department of Bioengineering and Therapeutic Sciences, University of California San Francisco, San Francisco, California, 94158
| | - Anuran Chatterjee
- Cardiovascular Research Institute (CVRI) and Department of Surgery, University of California San Francisco, San Francisco, California, 94143
| | - Bian Wu
- Cardiovascular Research Institute (CVRI) and Department of Surgery, University of California San Francisco, San Francisco, California, 94143
| | - Giorgio Mottola
- Cardiovascular Research Institute (CVRI) and Department of Surgery, University of California San Francisco, San Francisco, California, 94143
| | - Harald Nuhn
- Department of Bioengineering and Therapeutic Sciences, University of California San Francisco, San Francisco, California, 94158
| | - Phin Peng Lee
- UC Berkeley-UCSF Graduate Group in Bioengineering, San Francisco, California, 94158
| | - Brian E Sansbury
- Center for Experimental Therapeutics and Reperfusion Injury, Department of Anesthesiology, Perioperative, and Pain Medicine, Brigham and Women's Hospital and Harvard Medical School, Harvard Institutes of Medicine HIM 830, Boston, Massachusetts, 02115
| | - Matthew Spite
- Center for Experimental Therapeutics and Reperfusion Injury, Department of Anesthesiology, Perioperative, and Pain Medicine, Brigham and Women's Hospital and Harvard Medical School, Harvard Institutes of Medicine HIM 830, Boston, Massachusetts, 02115
| | - Tejal A Desai
- UC Berkeley-UCSF Graduate Group in Bioengineering, San Francisco, California, 94158.,Department of Bioengineering and Therapeutic Sciences, University of California San Francisco, San Francisco, California, 94158
| | - Michael S Conte
- Cardiovascular Research Institute (CVRI) and Department of Surgery, University of California San Francisco, San Francisco, California, 94143
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277
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Maddipati KR, Romero R, Chaiworapongsa T, Chaemsaithong P, Zhou SL, Xu Z, Tarca AL, Kusanovic JP, Gomez R, Docheva N, Honn KV. Clinical chorioamnionitis at term: the amniotic fluid fatty acyl lipidome. J Lipid Res 2016; 57:1906-1916. [PMID: 27538821 DOI: 10.1194/jlr.p069096] [Citation(s) in RCA: 38] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/06/2016] [Indexed: 12/31/2022] Open
Abstract
Clinical chorioamnionitis at term (TCC) is the most common obstetrical infliction diagnosed in labor and delivery units worldwide and is associated with a substantial increase in maternal and neonatal morbidity and mortality. This obstetrical complication is a heterogeneous condition, as only half of patients have detectable microorganisms in the amniotic cavity. Because bioactive lipids play a key role in the initiation and resolution of an inflammatory response, we aimed to characterize the amniotic fluid lipidome in patients with TCC. We studied the amniotic fluid of patients in the following groups: 1) spontaneous labor at term without clinical chorioamnionitis (TLB) and 2) spontaneous labor at term with clinical chorioamnionitis (TCC). The TCC group was subdivided into a) those with microbial invasion of the amniotic cavity (TCC-MIAC) and b) those without microbial invasion of the amniotic cavity (TCC-noMIAC). The amniotic fluid concentration of proinflammatory lipid mediators did not differ between patients in TLB with TCC. In contrast, concentration of lipids with anti-inflammatory/proresolution properties was significantly lower in all patients with TCC than in those with TLB. These results suggest that while proinflammatory lipid mediators are involved in infection-driven intra-amniotic inflammation, a relative deficiency of anti-inflammatory/proresolution lipid mediator biosynthesis is a characteristic of TCC.
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Affiliation(s)
- Krishna Rao Maddipati
- Bioactive Lipids Research Program, Department of Pathology, Wayne State University School of Medicine, Detroit, MI; Lipidomics Core Facility, Wayne State University School of Medicine, Detroit, MI.
| | - Roberto Romero
- Perinatology Research Branch, Program for Perinatal Research and Obstetrics, Division of Intramural Research, Eunice Kennedy Shriver National Institute of Child Health and Human Development, National Institutes of Health, Department of Health and Human Services, Bethesda, MD, and Detroit, MI; Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, University of Michigan, Ann Arbor, MI; Department of Epidemiology and Biostatistics, Michigan State University, East Lansing, MI; Center for Molecular Medicine and Genetics, Wayne State University, Detroit, MI
| | - Tinnakorn Chaiworapongsa
- Perinatology Research Branch, Program for Perinatal Research and Obstetrics, Division of Intramural Research, Eunice Kennedy Shriver National Institute of Child Health and Human Development, National Institutes of Health, Department of Health and Human Services, Bethesda, MD, and Detroit, MI; Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Wayne State University School of Medicine, Detroit, MI
| | - Piya Chaemsaithong
- Perinatology Research Branch, Program for Perinatal Research and Obstetrics, Division of Intramural Research, Eunice Kennedy Shriver National Institute of Child Health and Human Development, National Institutes of Health, Department of Health and Human Services, Bethesda, MD, and Detroit, MI; Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Wayne State University School of Medicine, Detroit, MI
| | - Sen-Lin Zhou
- Bioactive Lipids Research Program, Department of Pathology, Wayne State University School of Medicine, Detroit, MI; Lipidomics Core Facility, Wayne State University School of Medicine, Detroit, MI
| | - Zhonghui Xu
- Perinatology Research Branch, Program for Perinatal Research and Obstetrics, Division of Intramural Research, Eunice Kennedy Shriver National Institute of Child Health and Human Development, National Institutes of Health, Department of Health and Human Services, Bethesda, MD, and Detroit, MI
| | - Adi L Tarca
- Perinatology Research Branch, Program for Perinatal Research and Obstetrics, Division of Intramural Research, Eunice Kennedy Shriver National Institute of Child Health and Human Development, National Institutes of Health, Department of Health and Human Services, Bethesda, MD, and Detroit, MI; Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Wayne State University School of Medicine, Detroit, MI; Department of Computer Science, Wayne State University, Detroit, MI
| | - Juan Pedro Kusanovic
- Perinatology Research Branch, Program for Perinatal Research and Obstetrics, Division of Intramural Research, Eunice Kennedy Shriver National Institute of Child Health and Human Development, National Institutes of Health, Department of Health and Human Services, Bethesda, MD, and Detroit, MI; Center for Research and Innovation in Maternal-Fetal Medicine (CIMAF), Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Sótero del Río Hospital, Santiago, Chile; Division of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Pontificia Universidad Católica de Chile, Santiago, Chile
| | - Ricardo Gomez
- Division of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Pontificia Universidad Católica de Chile, Santiago, Chile; Center for Perinatal Diagnosis (CEDIP), Research and Academic Innovations, Hospital Clínico La Florida, Santiago, Chile
| | - Nikolina Docheva
- Perinatology Research Branch, Program for Perinatal Research and Obstetrics, Division of Intramural Research, Eunice Kennedy Shriver National Institute of Child Health and Human Development, National Institutes of Health, Department of Health and Human Services, Bethesda, MD, and Detroit, MI; Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Wayne State University School of Medicine, Detroit, MI
| | - Kenneth V Honn
- Bioactive Lipids Research Program, Department of Pathology, Wayne State University School of Medicine, Detroit, MI
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278
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Arnardottir HH, Dalli J, Norling LV, Colas RA, Perretti M, Serhan CN. Resolvin D3 Is Dysregulated in Arthritis and Reduces Arthritic Inflammation. THE JOURNAL OF IMMUNOLOGY 2016; 197:2362-8. [PMID: 27534559 DOI: 10.4049/jimmunol.1502268] [Citation(s) in RCA: 97] [Impact Index Per Article: 12.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/21/2015] [Accepted: 07/12/2016] [Indexed: 12/30/2022]
Abstract
Uncontrolled inflammation is a unifying component of many chronic inflammatory diseases, such as arthritis. Resolvins (Rvs) are a new family from the endogenous specialized proresolving mediators (SPMs) that actively stimulate resolution of inflammation. In this study, using lipid mediator metabololipidomics with murine joints we found a temporal regulation of endogenous SPMs during self-resolving inflammatory arthritis. The SPMs present in self-resolving arthritic joints include the D-series Rvs, for example, RvD1, RvD2, RvD3, and RvD4. Of note, RvD3 levels were reduced in inflamed joints from mice with delayed-resolving arthritis when compared with self-resolving inflammatory arthritis. RvD3 was also reduced in serum from rheumatoid arthritis patients compared with healthy controls. RvD3 administration reduced joint leukocytes as well as paw joint eicosanoids, clinical scores, and edema. Taken together, these findings provide evidence for dysregulated endogenous RvD3 levels in inflamed paw joints and its potent actions in reducing murine arthritis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hildur H Arnardottir
- Center for Experimental Therapeutics and Reperfusion Injury, Department of Anesthesiology, Perioperative and Pain Medicine, Harvard Institutes of Medicine, Brigham and Women's Hospital and Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA 02115; and
| | - Jesmond Dalli
- Center for Experimental Therapeutics and Reperfusion Injury, Department of Anesthesiology, Perioperative and Pain Medicine, Harvard Institutes of Medicine, Brigham and Women's Hospital and Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA 02115; and
| | - Lucy V Norling
- William Harvey Research Institute, Barts and London School of Medicine, Queen Mary University of London, London EC1M 6BQ, United Kingdom
| | - Romain A Colas
- Center for Experimental Therapeutics and Reperfusion Injury, Department of Anesthesiology, Perioperative and Pain Medicine, Harvard Institutes of Medicine, Brigham and Women's Hospital and Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA 02115; and
| | - Mauro Perretti
- William Harvey Research Institute, Barts and London School of Medicine, Queen Mary University of London, London EC1M 6BQ, United Kingdom
| | - Charles N Serhan
- Center for Experimental Therapeutics and Reperfusion Injury, Department of Anesthesiology, Perioperative and Pain Medicine, Harvard Institutes of Medicine, Brigham and Women's Hospital and Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA 02115; and
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279
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DHA but Not EPA Emulsions Preserve Neurological and Mitochondrial Function after Brain Hypoxia-Ischemia in Neonatal Mice. PLoS One 2016; 11:e0160870. [PMID: 27513579 PMCID: PMC4981459 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0160870] [Citation(s) in RCA: 40] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/07/2016] [Accepted: 07/26/2016] [Indexed: 01/17/2023] Open
Abstract
Background and Purpose Treatment with triglyceride emulsions of docosahexaenoic acid (tri-DHA) protected neonatal mice against hypoxia-ischemia (HI) brain injury. The mechanism of this neuroprotection remains unclear. We hypothesized that administration of tri-DHA enriches HI-brains with DHA/DHA metabolites. This reduces Ca2+-induced mitochondrial membrane permeabilization and attenuates brain injury. Methods 10-day-old C57BL/6J mice following HI-brain injury received tri-DHA, tri-EPA or vehicle. At 4–5 hours of reperfusion, mitochondrial fatty acid composition and Ca2+ buffering capacity were analyzed. At 24 hours and at 8–9 weeks of recovery, oxidative injury, neurofunctional and neuropathological outcomes were evaluated. In vitro, hyperoxia-induced mitochondrial generation of reactive oxygen species (ROS) and Ca2+ buffering capacity were measured in the presence or absence of DHA or EPA. Results Only post-treatment with tri-DHA reduced oxidative damage and improved short- and long-term neurological outcomes. This was associated with increased content of DHA in brain mitochondria and DHA-derived bioactive metabolites in cerebral tissue. After tri-DHA administration HI mitochondria were resistant to Ca2+-induced membrane permeabilization. In vitro, hyperoxia increased mitochondrial ROS production and reduced Ca2+ buffering capacity; DHA, but not EPA, significantly attenuated these effects of hyperoxia. Conclusions Post-treatment with tri-DHA resulted in significant accumulation of DHA and DHA derived bioactive metabolites in the HI-brain. This was associated with improved mitochondrial tolerance to Ca2+-induced permeabilization, reduced oxidative brain injury and permanent neuroprotection. Interaction of DHA with mitochondria alters ROS release and improves Ca2+ buffering capacity. This may account for neuroprotective action of post-HI administration of tri-DHA.
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280
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Zhang MJ, Sansbury BE, Hellmann J, Baker JF, Guo L, Parmer CM, Prenner JC, Conklin DJ, Bhatnagar A, Creager MA, Spite M. Resolvin D2 Enhances Postischemic Revascularization While Resolving Inflammation. Circulation 2016; 134:666-680. [PMID: 27507404 DOI: 10.1161/circulationaha.116.021894] [Citation(s) in RCA: 73] [Impact Index Per Article: 9.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/06/2016] [Accepted: 06/24/2016] [Indexed: 12/31/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Resolvins are lipid mediators generated by leukocytes during the resolution phase of inflammation. They have been shown to regulate the transition from inflammation to tissue repair; however, it is unknown whether resolvins play a role in tissue revascularization following ischemia. METHODS We used a murine model of hind limb ischemia (HLI), coupled with laser Doppler perfusion imaging, microcomputed tomography, and targeted mass spectrometry, to assess the role of resolvins in revascularization and inflammation resolution. RESULTS In mice undergoing HLI, we identified resolvin D2 (RvD2) in bone marrow and skeletal muscle by mass spectrometry (n=4-7 per group). We also identified RvD2 in skeletal muscle biopsies from humans with peripheral artery disease. Monocytes were recruited to skeletal muscle during HLI and isolated monocytes produced RvD2 in a lipoxygenase-dependent manner. Exogenous RvD2 enhanced perfusion recovery in HLI and microcomputed tomography of limb vasculature revealed greater volume, with evidence of tortuous arterioles indicative of arteriogenesis (n=6-8 per group). Unlike other treatment strategies for therapeutic revascularization that exacerbate inflammation, RvD2 did not increase vascular permeability, but reduced neutrophil accumulation and the plasma levels of tumor necrosis factor-α and granulocyte macrophage colony-stimulating factor. In mice treated with RvD2, histopathologic analysis of skeletal muscle of ischemic limbs showed more regenerating myocytes with centrally located nuclei. RvD2 enhanced endothelial cell migration in a Rac-dependent manner, via its receptor, GPR18, and Gpr18-deficient mice had an endogenous defect in perfusion recovery following HLI. Importantly, RvD2 rescued defective revascularization in diabetic mice. CONCLUSIONS RvD2 stimulates arteriogenic revascularization during HLI, suggesting that resolvins may be a novel class of mediators that both resolve inflammation and promote arteriogenesis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Michael J Zhang
- Institute of Molecular Cardiology, Diabetes and Obesity Center, Division of Cardiovascular Medicine, University of Louisville School of Medicine, Louisville, KY
| | - Brian E Sansbury
- Center for Experimental Therapeutics and Reperfusion Injury, Department of Anesthesiology, Perioperative and Pain Medicine, Brigham and Women's Hospital and Harvard Medical School, Harvard Institutes of Medicine, Boston, MA
| | - Jason Hellmann
- Center for Experimental Therapeutics and Reperfusion Injury, Department of Anesthesiology, Perioperative and Pain Medicine, Brigham and Women's Hospital and Harvard Medical School, Harvard Institutes of Medicine, Boston, MA
| | - James F Baker
- Institute of Molecular Cardiology, Diabetes and Obesity Center, Division of Cardiovascular Medicine, University of Louisville School of Medicine, Louisville, KY
| | - Luping Guo
- Institute of Molecular Cardiology, Diabetes and Obesity Center, Division of Cardiovascular Medicine, University of Louisville School of Medicine, Louisville, KY
| | - Caitlin M Parmer
- Vascular Medicine Section, Cardiovascular Division, Brigham and Women's Hospital and Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA
| | - Joshua C Prenner
- Vascular Medicine Section, Cardiovascular Division, Brigham and Women's Hospital and Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA
| | - Daniel J Conklin
- Institute of Molecular Cardiology, Diabetes and Obesity Center, Division of Cardiovascular Medicine, University of Louisville School of Medicine, Louisville, KY
| | - Aruni Bhatnagar
- Institute of Molecular Cardiology, Diabetes and Obesity Center, Division of Cardiovascular Medicine, University of Louisville School of Medicine, Louisville, KY
| | - Mark A Creager
- Vascular Medicine Section, Cardiovascular Division, Brigham and Women's Hospital and Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA
| | - Matthew Spite
- Center for Experimental Therapeutics and Reperfusion Injury, Department of Anesthesiology, Perioperative and Pain Medicine, Brigham and Women's Hospital and Harvard Medical School, Harvard Institutes of Medicine, Boston, MA
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281
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Mazaleuskaya LL, Lawson JA, Li X, Grant G, Mesaros C, Grosser T, Blair IA, Ricciotti E, FitzGerald GA. A broad-spectrum lipidomics screen of antiinflammatory drug combinations in human blood. JCI Insight 2016; 1. [PMID: 27547824 DOI: 10.1172/jci.insight.87031] [Citation(s) in RCA: 26] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/17/2022] Open
Abstract
Current methods of drug screening in human blood focus on the immediate products of the affected pathway and mostly rely on approaches that lack sensitivity and the capacity for multiplex analysis. We have developed a sensitive and selective method based on ultra-performance liquid chromatography-tandem mass spectrometry to scan the effect of drugs on the bioactive eicosanoid lipidome in vitro and ex vivo. Using small sample sizes, we can reproducibly measure a broad spectrum of eicosanoids in human blood and capture drug-induced substrate rediversion and unexpected shifts in product formation. Microsomal prostaglandin E synthase-1 (mPGES-1) is an antiinflammatory drug target alternative to COX-1/-2. Contrasting effects of targeting mPGES-1 versus COX-1/-2, due to differential substrate shifts across the lipidome, were observed and can be used to rationalize and evaluate drug combinations. Finally, the in vitro results were extrapolated to ex vivo studies by administration of the COX-2 inhibitor, celecoxib, to volunteers, illustrating how this approach can be used to integrate preclinical and clinical studies during drug development.
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Affiliation(s)
- Liudmila L Mazaleuskaya
- Department of Systems Pharmacology and Translational Therapeutics and Institute for Translational Medicine and Therapeutics, Perelman School of Medicine, University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, Pennsylvania, USA
| | - John A Lawson
- Department of Systems Pharmacology and Translational Therapeutics and Institute for Translational Medicine and Therapeutics, Perelman School of Medicine, University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, Pennsylvania, USA
| | - Xuanwen Li
- Department of Systems Pharmacology and Translational Therapeutics and Institute for Translational Medicine and Therapeutics, Perelman School of Medicine, University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, Pennsylvania, USA
| | - Gregory Grant
- Department of Systems Pharmacology and Translational Therapeutics and Institute for Translational Medicine and Therapeutics, Perelman School of Medicine, University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, Pennsylvania, USA
| | - Clementina Mesaros
- Department of Systems Pharmacology and Translational Therapeutics and Institute for Translational Medicine and Therapeutics, Perelman School of Medicine, University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, Pennsylvania, USA
| | - Tilo Grosser
- Department of Systems Pharmacology and Translational Therapeutics and Institute for Translational Medicine and Therapeutics, Perelman School of Medicine, University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, Pennsylvania, USA
| | - Ian A Blair
- Department of Systems Pharmacology and Translational Therapeutics and Institute for Translational Medicine and Therapeutics, Perelman School of Medicine, University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, Pennsylvania, USA
| | - Emanuela Ricciotti
- Department of Systems Pharmacology and Translational Therapeutics and Institute for Translational Medicine and Therapeutics, Perelman School of Medicine, University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, Pennsylvania, USA
| | - Garret A FitzGerald
- Department of Systems Pharmacology and Translational Therapeutics and Institute for Translational Medicine and Therapeutics, Perelman School of Medicine, University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, Pennsylvania, USA
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282
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Markworth JF, Kaur G, Miller EG, Larsen AE, Sinclair AJ, Maddipati KR, Cameron-Smith D. Divergent shifts in lipid mediator profile following supplementation with n-3 docosapentaenoic acid and eicosapentaenoic acid. FASEB J 2016; 30:3714-3725. [PMID: 27461565 DOI: 10.1096/fj.201600360r] [Citation(s) in RCA: 67] [Impact Index Per Article: 8.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/26/2016] [Accepted: 07/11/2016] [Indexed: 12/31/2022]
Abstract
In contrast to the well-characterized effects of specialized proresolving lipid mediators (SPMs) derived from eicosapentaenoic acid (EPA) and docosahexaenoic acid (DHA), little is known about the metabolic fate of the intermediary long-chain (LC) n-3 polyunsaturated fatty acid (PUFA) docosapentaenoic acid (DPA). In this double blind crossover study, shifts in circulating levels of n-3 and n-6 PUFA-derived bioactive lipid mediators were quantified by an unbiased liquid chromatography-tandem mass spectrometry lipidomic approach. Plasma was obtained from human subjects before and after 7 d of supplementation with pure n-3 DPA, n-3 EPA or placebo (olive oil). DPA supplementation increased the SPM resolvin D5n-3DPA (RvD5n-3DPA) and maresin (MaR)-1, the DHA vicinal diol 19,20-dihydroxy-DPA and n-6 PUFA derived 15-keto-PG E2 (15-keto-PGE2). EPA supplementation had no effect on any plasma DPA or DHA derived mediators, but markedly elevated monohydroxy-eicosapentaenoic acids (HEPEs), including the e-series resolvin (RvE) precursor 18-HEPE; effects not observed with DPA supplementation. These data show that dietary n-3 DPA and EPA have highly divergent effects on human lipid mediator profile, with no overlap in PUFA metabolites formed. The recently uncovered biologic activity of n-3 DPA docosanoids and their marked modulation by dietary DPA intake reveals a unique and specific role of n-3 DPA in human physiology.-Markworth, J. F., Kaur, G., Miller, E. G., Larsen, A. E., Sinclair, A. J., Maddipati, K. R., Cameron-Smith, D. Divergent shifts in lipid mediator profile following supplementation with n-3 docosapentaenoic acid and eicosapentaenoic acid.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Gunveen Kaur
- Centre for Physical Activity and Nutrition Research, School of Exercise and Nutrition Sciences, Deakin University, Melbourne, Victoria, Australia
| | - Eliza G Miller
- Centre for Physical Activity and Nutrition Research, School of Exercise and Nutrition Sciences, Deakin University, Melbourne, Victoria, Australia
| | - Amy E Larsen
- Department of Physiology, Anatomy and Microbiology, La Trobe University Melbourne, Victoria, Australia
| | | | - Krishna Rao Maddipati
- Department of Pathology, Lipidomics Core Facility, Wayne State University, Detroit, Michigan, USA; and.,Karmanos Cancer Institute, Wayne State University, Detroit, Michigan, USA
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283
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Dwyer JT, Rubin KH, Fritsche KL, Psota TL, Liska DJ, Harris WS, Montain SJ, Lyle BJ. Creating the Future of Evidence-Based Nutrition Recommendations: Case Studies from Lipid Research. Adv Nutr 2016; 7:747-55. [PMID: 27422509 PMCID: PMC4942859 DOI: 10.3945/an.115.010926] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/31/2022] Open
Abstract
Strategic translational research is designed to address research gaps that answer specific guidance questions. It provides translational value with respect to nutrition guidance and regulatory and public policy. The relevance and the quality of evidence both matter in translational research. For example, design decisions regarding population, intervention, comparator, and outcome criteria affect whether or not high-quality studies are considered relevant to specific guidance questions and are therefore included as evidence within the context of systematic review frameworks used by authoritative food and health organizations. The process used in systematic reviews, developed by the USDA for its Nutrition Evidence Library, is described. An eating pattern and cardiovascular disease (CVD) evidence review is provided as an example, and factors that differentiated the studies considered relevant and included in that evidence base from those that were excluded are noted. Case studies on ω-3 (n-3) fatty acids (FAs) and industrial trans-FAs illustrate key factors vital to relevance and translational impact, including choice of a relevant population (e.g., healthy, at risk, or diseased subjects; general population or high-performance soldiers); dose and form of the intervention (e.g., food or supplement); use of relevant comparators (e.g., technically feasible and realistic); and measures for both exposure and outcomes (e.g., inflammatory markers or CVD endpoints). Specific recommendations are provided to help increase the impact of nutrition research on future dietary guidance, policy, and regulatory issues, particularly in the area of lipids.
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Affiliation(s)
- Johanna T Dwyer
- Tufts Medical Center, Schools of Medicine and Nutrition Science and Policy, and Jean Mayer USDA Human Nutrition Research Center on Aging at Tufts University, Boston, MA
| | | | | | - Tricia L Psota
- USDA Center for Nutrition and Policy Promotion, Alexandria, VA
| | | | - William S Harris
- OmegaQuant Analytics, LLC, Sioux Falls, SD; University of South Dakota School of Medicine, Sioux Falls, SD
| | - Scott J Montain
- United States Army Research Institute of Environmental Medicine, Natick, MA; and
| | - Barbara J Lyle
- School of Professional Studies, Northwestern University, Evanston, IL and North American Branch of the International Life Sciences Institute, Washington, DC
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284
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Neutrophils mediate Salmonella Typhimurium clearance through the GBP4 inflammasome-dependent production of prostaglandins. Nat Commun 2016; 7:12077. [PMID: 27363812 PMCID: PMC4932187 DOI: 10.1038/ncomms12077] [Citation(s) in RCA: 81] [Impact Index Per Article: 10.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/22/2015] [Accepted: 05/26/2016] [Indexed: 01/05/2023] Open
Abstract
Inflammasomes are cytosolic molecular platforms that alert the immune system about the presence of infection. Here we report that zebrafish guanylate-binding protein 4 (Gbp4), an IFNγ-inducible GTPase protein harbouring a C-terminal CARD domain, is required for the inflammasome-dependent clearance of Salmonella Typhimurium (ST) by neutrophils in vivo. Despite the presence of the CARD domain, Gbp4 requires the universal inflammasome adaptor Asc for mediating its antibacterial function. In addition, the GTPase activity of Gbp4 is indispensable for inflammasome activation and ST clearance. Mechanistically, neutrophils are recruited to the infection site through the inflammasome-independent production of the chemokine (CXC motif) ligand 8 and leukotriene B4, and then mediate bacterial clearance through the Gbp4 inflammasome-dependent biosynthesis of prostaglandin D2. Our results point to GBPs as key inflammasome adaptors required for prostaglandin biosynthesis and bacterial clearance by neutrophils and suggest that transient activation of the inflammasome may be used to treat bacterial infections. The role of guanylate-binding proteins (GBPs) in innate immunity is increasingly recognized. Here the authors show that GBP4 activates inflammasome in zebrafish neutrophils, and that this process is critical for the clearance of Salmonella infection via prostaglandin D2.
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285
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Fiala M, Terrando N, Dalli J. Specialized Pro-Resolving Mediators from Omega-3 Fatty Acids Improve Amyloid-β Phagocytosis and Regulate Inflammation in Patients with Minor Cognitive Impairment. J Alzheimers Dis 2016; 48:293-301. [PMID: 26401996 DOI: 10.3233/jad-150367] [Citation(s) in RCA: 26] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/14/2022]
Abstract
In this review we discuss the immunopathology of Alzheimer's disease (AD) and recent advances in the prevention of minor cognitive impairment (MCI) by nutritional supplementation with omega-3 fatty acids. Defective phagocytosis of amyloid-β (Aβ) and abnormal inflammatory activation of peripheral blood mononuclear cells (PBMCs) are the two key immune pathologies of MCI and AD patients. The phagocytosis of Aβ by PBMCs of MCI and AD patients is universally defective and the inflammatory gene transcription is heterogeneously deregulated in comparison to normal subjects. Recent studies have discovered a cornucopia of beneficial anti-inflammatory and pro-resolving effects of the specialized proresolving mediators (SPMs) resolvins, protectins, maresins, and their metabolic precursors. Resolvin D1 and other mediators switch macrophages from an inflammatory to a tissue protective/pro-resolving phenotype and increase phagocytosis of Aβ. In a recent study of AD and MCI patients, nutritional supplementation by omega-3 fatty acids individually increased resolvin D1, improved Aβ phagocytosis, and regulated inflammatory genes toward a physiological state, but only in MCI patients. Our studies are beginning to dissect positive factors (adherence to Mediterranean diet with omega-3 and exercise) and negative factors (high fat diet, infections, cancer, and surgeries) in each patient. The in vitro and in vivo effects of omega-3 fatty acids and SPMs suggest that defective phagocytosis and chronic inflammation are related to defective production and/or defective signaling by SPMs in immune cells.
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Affiliation(s)
- Milan Fiala
- Department of Surgery, UCLA School of Medicine, Los Angeles, California, USA
| | - Niccolo Terrando
- Departments of Anesthesiology, Basic Science Division, Duke University Medical Center, Durham, North Carolina, USA
| | - Jesmond Dalli
- Center for Experimental Therapeutics and Reperfusion Injury, Department of Anesthesiology, Perioperative and Pain Medicine, Brigham and Women's Hospital and Harvard Medical School, Boston, Massachusetts, USA
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286
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Gdula-Argasińska J, Czepiel J, Totoń-Żurańska J, Jurczyszyn A, Wołkow P, Librowski T, Perucki W. Resolvin D1 down-regulates CYP1A1 and PTGS2 gene in the HUVEC cells treated with benzo(a)pyrene. Pharmacol Rep 2016; 68:939-44. [PMID: 27362771 DOI: 10.1016/j.pharep.2016.05.005] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/06/2016] [Revised: 05/08/2016] [Accepted: 05/11/2016] [Indexed: 12/31/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons (PAHs) can interact with lipids and their derivatives and have been known to induce atherosclerosis. The aim of this study was to evaluate the impact of Resolvin D1 (RvD1) on inflammatory-state realted proteins and genes in the human primary umbilical vein endothelial HUVEC cells exposed to benzo(a)pyrene (BaP). METHODS We analyzed the influence of RvD1 and/or BaP on cyclooxygenase-2 (COX-2), cytosolic prostaglandine E2 synthase (cPGES), glutathione S transferase (GSTM1) and aryl hydrocarbon receptor (AhR) protein expression by Western blot. Additionaly, phospholipase A2 (cPLA2) and cytochrome P450 (CYP1A1) activity, as well as AhR, CYP1A1, phospholipase A2 (PLA2G4A) and prostaglandin synthase 2 (PTGS2) gene expression by qRT-PCR was studied. RESULTS RvD1 down-regulates cytochrome P450 (CYP1A1) and prostaglandin synthase 2 (PTGS2) gene expression in HUVEC cells exposed to BaP. Repressesion of COX-2, cPGES and overexpressesion of GSTM1 protein was noted after co-treatment with RvD1 and BaP. After incubation with RvD1 an increase of cPLA2 and a decrease of CYP1A1 activity was observed when compared to BaP treated alone endothelial cells. CONCLUSIONS Our data suggests that RvD1 can significantly contributes on vascular function and alleviates the harmful effects caused by BaP, which might potentially aid in the repair of the injured endothelium.
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Affiliation(s)
- Joanna Gdula-Argasińska
- Department of Radioligands, Faculty of Pharmacy, Jagiellonian University, Medical College, Kraków, Poland.
| | - Jacek Czepiel
- Department of Infectious Diseases, Faculty of Medicine, Jagiellonian University Medical College, Kraków, Poland
| | - Justyna Totoń-Żurańska
- Department of Pharmacology, Faculty of Medicine, Jagiellonian University Medical College, Kraków, Poland; Center for Medical Genomics - OMICRON, Jagiellonian University Medical College, Kraków, Poland
| | - Artur Jurczyszyn
- Department of Hematology, Jagiellonian University Medical College, Kraków, Poland
| | - Paweł Wołkow
- Department of Pharmacology, Faculty of Medicine, Jagiellonian University Medical College, Kraków, Poland; Center for Medical Genomics - OMICRON, Jagiellonian University Medical College, Kraków, Poland
| | - Tadeusz Librowski
- Department of Radioligands, Faculty of Pharmacy, Jagiellonian University, Medical College, Kraków, Poland
| | - William Perucki
- Department of Medicine, University of Connecticut Health Center, Farmington, CT, USA
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287
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Kang JW, Lee SM. Resolvin D1 protects the liver from ischemia/reperfusion injury by enhancing M2 macrophage polarization and efferocytosis. Biochim Biophys Acta Mol Cell Biol Lipids 2016; 1861:1025-1035. [PMID: 27317426 DOI: 10.1016/j.bbalip.2016.06.002] [Citation(s) in RCA: 75] [Impact Index Per Article: 9.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/11/2016] [Revised: 05/18/2016] [Accepted: 06/10/2016] [Indexed: 02/08/2023]
Abstract
Resolution of inflammation is an active process involving a novel category of lipid factors known as specialized pro-resolving lipid mediators, which includes Resolvin D1 (RvD1). While accumulating evidence suggests that RvD1 counteracts proinflammatory signaling and promotes resolution, the specific cellular targets and mechanisms of action of RvD1 remain largely unknown. In the present study, we investigated the role and molecular mechanisms of RvD1 in ischemia/reperfusion (IR)-induced sterile liver inflammation. Male C57BL/6 mice underwent 70% hepatic ischemia for 60min, followed by reperfusion. RvD1 (5, 10, and 15μg/kg, i.p.) was administered to the mice 1h before ischemia and then immediately prior to reperfusion. RvD1 attenuated IR-induced hepatocellular damage and the proinflammatory response. In purified Kupffer cells (KCs) from mice exposed to IR, the levels of M1 marker genes (Nos2a and Cd40) increased, while those of M2 marker genes (Arg1, Cd206, and Mst1r) decreased, demonstrating a proinflammatory shift. RvD1 markedly attenuated these changes. Depletion of KCs by liposome clodronate abrogated the effects of RvD1 on proinflammatory mediators and macrophage polarization. In addition, RvD1 attenuated increases in myeloperoxidase activity and Cxcl1 and Cxcl2 mRNA expression. RvD1 markedly augmented the efferocytic activity of KCs, as indicated by increases in F4/80(+)Gr-1(+) cells in the liver. However, antagonist pretreatment or gene silencing of the RvD1 receptor, ALX/FPR2, abrogated the anti-inflammatory and pro-resolving actions of RvD1. These data indicate that RvD1 ameliorates IR-induced liver injury, and this protection is associated with enhancement of M2 polarization and efferocytosis via ALX/FPR2 activation.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jung-Woo Kang
- School of Pharmacy, Sungkyunkwan University, Suwon, Gyeonggi-do 440-746, Republic of Korea
| | - Sun-Mee Lee
- School of Pharmacy, Sungkyunkwan University, Suwon, Gyeonggi-do 440-746, Republic of Korea.
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288
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Liu F, Haeger CM, Dieffenbach PB, Sicard D, Chrobak I, Coronata AMF, Suárez Velandia MM, Vitali S, Colas RA, Norris PC, Marinković A, Liu X, Ma J, Rose CD, Lee SJ, Comhair SAA, Erzurum SC, McDonald JD, Serhan CN, Walsh SR, Tschumperlin DJ, Fredenburgh LE. Distal vessel stiffening is an early and pivotal mechanobiological regulator of vascular remodeling and pulmonary hypertension. JCI Insight 2016; 1. [PMID: 27347562 DOI: 10.1172/jci.insight.86987] [Citation(s) in RCA: 48] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/08/2023] Open
Abstract
Pulmonary arterial (PA) stiffness is associated with increased mortality in patients with pulmonary hypertension (PH); however, the role of PA stiffening in the pathogenesis of PH remains elusive. Here, we show that distal vascular matrix stiffening is an early mechanobiological regulator of experimental PH. We identify cyclooxygenase-2 (COX-2) suppression and corresponding reduction in prostaglandin production as pivotal regulators of stiffness-dependent vascular cell activation. Atomic force microscopy microindentation demonstrated early PA stiffening in experimental PH and human lung tissue. Pulmonary artery smooth muscle cells (PASMC) grown on substrates with the stiffness of remodeled PAs showed increased proliferation, decreased apoptosis, exaggerated contraction, enhanced matrix deposition, and reduced COX-2-derived prostanoid production compared with cells grown on substrates approximating normal PA stiffness. Treatment with a prostaglandin I2 analog abrogated monocrotaline-induced PA stiffening and attenuated stiffness-dependent increases in proliferation, matrix deposition, and contraction in PASMC. Our results suggest a pivotal role for early PA stiffening in PH and demonstrate the therapeutic potential of interrupting mechanobiological feedback amplification of vascular remodeling in experimental PH.
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Affiliation(s)
- Fei Liu
- Molecular and Integrative Physiological Sciences, Department of Environmental Health, Harvard School of Public Health, Boston, Massachusetts, USA
| | - Christina Mallarino Haeger
- Division of Pulmonary and Critical Care Medicine, Department of Medicine, Brigham and Women's Hospital, Boston, Massachusetts, USA
| | - Paul B Dieffenbach
- Division of Pulmonary and Critical Care Medicine, Department of Medicine, Brigham and Women's Hospital, Boston, Massachusetts, USA
| | - Delphine Sicard
- Department of Physiology and Biomedical Engineering, Mayo Clinic, Rochester, Minnesota, USA
| | - Izabela Chrobak
- Lovelace Respiratory Research Institute, Albuquerque, New Mexico, USA
| | - Anna Maria F Coronata
- Division of Pulmonary and Critical Care Medicine, Department of Medicine, Brigham and Women's Hospital, Boston, Massachusetts, USA
| | - Margarita M Suárez Velandia
- Division of Pulmonary and Critical Care Medicine, Department of Medicine, Brigham and Women's Hospital, Boston, Massachusetts, USA
| | - Sally Vitali
- Department of Anesthesia, Boston Children's Hospital, Boston, Massachusetts, USA
| | - Romain A Colas
- Center for Experimental Therapeutics and Reperfusion Injury, Department of Anesthesiology, Perioperative and Pain Medicine, Brigham and Women's Hospital, Boston, Massachusetts, USA
| | - Paul C Norris
- Center for Experimental Therapeutics and Reperfusion Injury, Department of Anesthesiology, Perioperative and Pain Medicine, Brigham and Women's Hospital, Boston, Massachusetts, USA
| | - Aleksandar Marinković
- Molecular and Integrative Physiological Sciences, Department of Environmental Health, Harvard School of Public Health, Boston, Massachusetts, USA
| | - Xiaoli Liu
- Division of Pulmonary and Critical Care Medicine, Department of Medicine, Brigham and Women's Hospital, Boston, Massachusetts, USA
| | - Jun Ma
- Division of Pulmonary and Critical Care Medicine, Department of Medicine, Brigham and Women's Hospital, Boston, Massachusetts, USA
| | - Chase D Rose
- Department of Anesthesia, Boston Children's Hospital, Boston, Massachusetts, USA
| | - Seon-Jin Lee
- Division of Pulmonary and Critical Care Medicine, Department of Medicine, Brigham and Women's Hospital, Boston, Massachusetts, USA; Medical Genomics Research Center, Korea Research Institute of Bioscience and Biotechnology, Daejeon, Korea
| | - Suzy A A Comhair
- Department of Pathobiology, Lerner Research Institute, Cleveland Clinic, Cleveland, Ohio, USA
| | - Serpil C Erzurum
- Department of Pathobiology, Lerner Research Institute, Cleveland Clinic, Cleveland, Ohio, USA
| | - Jacob D McDonald
- Lovelace Respiratory Research Institute, Albuquerque, New Mexico, USA
| | - Charles N Serhan
- Center for Experimental Therapeutics and Reperfusion Injury, Department of Anesthesiology, Perioperative and Pain Medicine, Brigham and Women's Hospital, Boston, Massachusetts, USA
| | - Stephen R Walsh
- Division of Infectious Diseases, Brigham and Women's Hospital, Boston, Massachusetts, USA
| | - Daniel J Tschumperlin
- Molecular and Integrative Physiological Sciences, Department of Environmental Health, Harvard School of Public Health, Boston, Massachusetts, USA; Department of Physiology and Biomedical Engineering, Mayo Clinic, Rochester, Minnesota, USA
| | - Laura E Fredenburgh
- Division of Pulmonary and Critical Care Medicine, Department of Medicine, Brigham and Women's Hospital, Boston, Massachusetts, USA
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289
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Alfven G, Strandvik B. Antinociceptive fatty acid patterns differ in children with psychosomatic recurrent abdominal pain and healthy controls. Acta Paediatr 2016; 105:684-8. [PMID: 26928171 DOI: 10.1111/apa.13381] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/02/2015] [Revised: 01/11/2016] [Accepted: 02/23/2016] [Indexed: 01/06/2023]
Abstract
AIM Stress is considered to trigger psychosomatic recurrent abdominal pain (RAP), but the mechanism behind the pain is unclear. Because the essential fatty acids, omega-6 and omega-3, are involved in pain, by regulating lipid mediators, we analysed the fatty acid patterns in children with RAP compared to healthy children. METHODS This was a cross-sectional study of plasma phospholipid fatty acids in 22 consecutively included children with RAP, aged six to 16 years, at an outpatient clinic specialising in RAP. The controls were 100 healthy children previously reported on and analysed in the same laboratory. RESULTS The children with psychosomatic RAP showed higher mean concentrations of saturated fatty acids than the controls (49.0 mol% versus 47.4 mol%) but lower mean levels of polyunsaturated fatty acids (38.6 mol% versus 39.9 mol%). Omega-3 fatty acids were lower in children with psychosomatic RAP, resulting in higher ratios of linoleic to alpha-linolenic acids (p < 0.001) and arachidonic to eicosapentaenoic acids (p = 0.01), despite a lower concentration of arachidonic acid in children with RAP (p < 0.01). CONCLUSION The results suggested an imbalance between nociceptive omega-6 fatty acids and antinociceptive omega-3 fatty acids in psychosomatic RAP. Further studies, including lipid mediators and oxidative products, are necessary to confirm an association.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Birgitta Strandvik
- Department of Biosciences and Nutrition; Karolinska Institute; Stockholm Sweden
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290
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MerTK cleavage limits proresolving mediator biosynthesis and exacerbates tissue inflammation. Proc Natl Acad Sci U S A 2016; 113:6526-31. [PMID: 27199481 DOI: 10.1073/pnas.1524292113] [Citation(s) in RCA: 166] [Impact Index Per Article: 20.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/07/2023] Open
Abstract
The acute inflammatory response requires a coordinated resolution program to prevent excessive inflammation, repair collateral damage, and restore tissue homeostasis, and failure of this response contributes to the pathology of numerous chronic inflammatory diseases. Resolution is mediated in part by long-chain fatty acid-derived lipid mediators called specialized proresolving mediators (SPMs). However, how SPMs are regulated during the inflammatory response, and how this process goes awry in inflammatory diseases, are poorly understood. We now show that signaling through the Mer proto-oncogene tyrosine kinase (MerTK) receptor in cultured macrophages and in sterile inflammation in vivo promotes SPM biosynthesis by a mechanism involving an increase in the cytoplasmic:nuclear ratio of a key SPM biosynthetic enzyme, 5-lipoxygenase. This action of MerTK is linked to the resolution of sterile peritonitis and, after ischemia-reperfusion (I/R) injury, to increased circulating SPMs and decreased remote organ inflammation. MerTK is susceptible to ADAM metallopeptidase domain 17 (ADAM17)-mediated cell-surface cleavage under inflammatory conditions, but the functional significance is not known. We show here that SPM biosynthesis is increased and inflammation resolution is improved in a new mouse model in which endogenous MerTK was replaced with a genetically engineered variant that is cleavage-resistant (Mertk(CR)). Mertk(CR) mice also have increased circulating levels of SPMs and less lung injury after I/R. Thus, MerTK cleavage during inflammation limits SPM biosynthesis and the resolution response. These findings contribute to our understanding of how SPM synthesis is regulated during the inflammatory response and suggest new therapeutic avenues to boost resolution in settings where defective resolution promotes disease progression.
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291
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Arnardottir H, Orr SK, Dalli J, Serhan CN. Human milk proresolving mediators stimulate resolution of acute inflammation. Mucosal Immunol 2016; 9:757-766. [PMID: 26462421 PMCID: PMC4833718 DOI: 10.1038/mi.2015.99] [Citation(s) in RCA: 99] [Impact Index Per Article: 12.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/21/2015] [Accepted: 08/11/2015] [Indexed: 02/07/2023]
Abstract
Human milk contains nutrients and bioactive products relevant to infant development and immunological protection. Here, we investigated the proresolving properties of milk using human milk lipid mediator isolates (HLMIs) and determined their impact on resolution programs in vivo and with human macrophages. HLMIs reduced the maximum neutrophil numbers (14.6±1.2 × 10(6)-11.0±1.0 × 10(6) cells per exudate) and shortened the resolution interval (Ri; 50% neutrophil reduction) by 54% compared with peritonitis. Using rigorous liquid-chromatography tandem-mass spectrometry (LC-MS-MS)-based lipid mediator (LM) metabololipidomics, we demonstrated that human milk possesses a proresolving LM-specialized proresolving mediator (LM-SPM) signature profile, containing SPMs (e.g. resolvins (Rv), protectins (PDs), maresins (MaRs), and lipoxins (LXs)) at bioactive levels (pico-nanomolar concentrations) that enhanced human macrophage efferocytosis and bacterial containment. SPMs identified in human milk included D-series Rvs (e.g., RvD1, RvD2, RvD3, AT-RvD3, and RvD4), PD1, MaR1, E-series Rvs (e.g. RvE1, RvE2, and RvE3), and LXs (LXA4 and LXB4). Of the SPMs identified in human milk, RvD2 and MaR1 (50 ng per mouse) individually shortened Ri by ∼75%. Milk from mastitis gave higher leukotriene B4 and prostanoids and lower SPM levels. Taken together, these findings provide evidence that human milk has proresolving actions via comprehensive LM-SPM profiling, describing a potentially novel mechanism in maternal-infant biochemical imprinting.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hildur Arnardottir
- Center for Experimental Therapeutics and Reperfusion Injury, Department of Anesthesiology, Perioperative and Pain Medicine, Harvard Institutes of Medicine, Brigham and Women’s Hospital and Harvard Medical School, Boston, Massachusetts 02115, USA.
| | - Sarah K Orr
- Center for Experimental Therapeutics and Reperfusion Injury, Department of Anesthesiology, Perioperative and Pain Medicine, Harvard Institutes of Medicine, Brigham and Women’s Hospital and Harvard Medical School, Boston, Massachusetts 02115, USA.
| | - Jesmond Dalli
- Center for Experimental Therapeutics and Reperfusion Injury, Department of Anesthesiology, Perioperative and Pain Medicine, Harvard Institutes of Medicine, Brigham and Women’s Hospital and Harvard Medical School, Boston, Massachusetts 02115, USA.
| | - Charles N Serhan
- Center for Experimental Therapeutics and Reperfusion Injury, Department of Anesthesiology, Perioperative and Pain Medicine, Harvard Institutes of Medicine, Brigham and Women’s Hospital and Harvard Medical School, Boston, Massachusetts 02115, USA.
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292
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Elajami TK, Colas RA, Dalli J, Chiang N, Serhan CN, Welty FK. Specialized proresolving lipid mediators in patients with coronary artery disease and their potential for clot remodeling. FASEB J 2016; 30:2792-801. [PMID: 27121596 DOI: 10.1096/fj.201500155r] [Citation(s) in RCA: 103] [Impact Index Per Article: 12.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/18/2016] [Accepted: 04/12/2016] [Indexed: 12/31/2022]
Abstract
Inflammation in arterial walls leads to coronary artery disease (CAD). Because specialized proresolving lipid mediators (SPMs; lipoxins, resolvins, and protectins) stimulate resolution of inflammation in animal models, we tested whether n-3 fatty acids impact SPM profiles in patients with CAD and promote clot remodeling. Six patients with stable CAD were randomly assigned to either treatment with daily 3.36 g Lovaza for 1 yr or without. Targeted lipid mediator-metabololipidomics showed that both groups had absence of resolvin D1 (RvD1), RvD2, RvD3, RvD5 and resolvin E1-all of which are present in healthy patients. Those not taking Lovaza had an absence of aspirin-triggered resolvin D3 (AT-RvD3) and aspirin-triggered lipoxin B4 (AT-LXB4). Lovaza treatment restored AT-RvD3 and AT-LXB4 and gave levels of RvD6 and aspirin-triggered protectin D1 (AT-PD1) twice as high (resolvin E2 ∼5 fold) as well as lower prostaglandins. Principal component analysis indicated positive relationships for patients with CAD who were receiving Lovaza with increased AT-RvD3, RvD6, AT-PD1, and AT-LXB4 SPMs identified in Lovaza-treated patients with CAD enhanced ∼50% at 1 nM macrophage uptake of blood clots. These results indicate that patients with CAD have lower levels and/or absence of specific SPMs that were restored with Lovaza; these SPMs promote macrophage phagocytosis of blood clots. Together, they suggest that low vascular SPMs may enable progression of chronic vascular inflammation predisposing to coronary atherosclerosis and to thrombosis.-Elajami, T. K., Colas, R. A., Dalli, J., Chiang, N., Serhan, C. N., Welty, F. K. Specialized proresolving lipid mediators in patients with coronary artery disease and their potential for clot remodeling.
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Affiliation(s)
- Tarec K Elajami
- Division of Cardiovascular Medicine, Department of Internal Medicine, Beth Israel Deaconess Medical Center, Harvard Medical School, Boston, Massachusetts, USA
| | - Romain A Colas
- Center for Experimental Therapeutics and Reperfusion Injury, Department of Anesthesiology, Perioperative and Pain Medicine, Harvard Institutes of Medicine, Brigham and Women's Hospital, Harvard Medical School, Boston, Massachusetts, USA
| | - Jesmond Dalli
- Center for Experimental Therapeutics and Reperfusion Injury, Department of Anesthesiology, Perioperative and Pain Medicine, Harvard Institutes of Medicine, Brigham and Women's Hospital, Harvard Medical School, Boston, Massachusetts, USA
| | - Nan Chiang
- Center for Experimental Therapeutics and Reperfusion Injury, Department of Anesthesiology, Perioperative and Pain Medicine, Harvard Institutes of Medicine, Brigham and Women's Hospital, Harvard Medical School, Boston, Massachusetts, USA
| | - Charles N Serhan
- Center for Experimental Therapeutics and Reperfusion Injury, Department of Anesthesiology, Perioperative and Pain Medicine, Harvard Institutes of Medicine, Brigham and Women's Hospital, Harvard Medical School, Boston, Massachusetts, USA
| | - Francine K Welty
- Division of Cardiovascular Medicine, Department of Internal Medicine, Beth Israel Deaconess Medical Center, Harvard Medical School, Boston, Massachusetts, USA;
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293
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Norling LV, Headland SE, Dalli J, Arnardottir HH, Haworth O, Jones HR, Irimia D, Serhan CN, Perretti M. Proresolving and cartilage-protective actions of resolvin D1 in inflammatory arthritis. JCI Insight 2016; 1:e85922. [PMID: 27158677 PMCID: PMC4855303 DOI: 10.1172/jci.insight.85922] [Citation(s) in RCA: 134] [Impact Index Per Article: 16.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/08/2015] [Accepted: 03/22/2016] [Indexed: 12/31/2022] Open
Abstract
Rheumatoid arthritis (RA) is a debilitating disease characterized by persistent accumulation of leukocytes within the articular cavity and synovial tissue. Metabololipidomic profiling of arthritic joints from omega-3 supplemented mice identified elevated levels of specialized proresolving lipid mediators (SPM) including resolvin D1 (RvD1). Profiling of human RA synovial fluid revealed physiological levels of RvD1, which - once applied to human neutrophils - attenuated chemotaxis. These results prompted analyses of the antiarthritic properties of RvD1 in a model of murine inflammatory arthritis. The stable epimer 17R-RvD1 (100 ng/day) significantly attenuated arthritis severity, cachexia, hind-paw edema, and paw leukocyte infiltration and shortened the remission interval. Metabololipidomic profiling in arthritic joints revealed 17R-RvD1 significantly reduced PGE2 biosynthesis, while increasing levels of protective SPM. Molecular analyses indicated that 17R-RvD1 enhanced expression of genes associated with cartilage matrix synthesis, and direct intraarticular treatment induced chondroprotection. Joint protective actions of 17R-RvD1 were abolished in RvD1 receptor-deficient mice termed ALX/fpr2/3-/- . These investigations open new therapeutic avenues for inflammatory joint diseases, providing mechanistic substance for the benefits of omega-3 supplementation in RA.
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Affiliation(s)
- Lucy V. Norling
- William Harvey Research Institute, Barts and the London School of Medicine, Queen Mary University of London, London, United Kingdom
| | - Sarah E. Headland
- William Harvey Research Institute, Barts and the London School of Medicine, Queen Mary University of London, London, United Kingdom
| | - Jesmond Dalli
- Center for Experimental Therapeutics and Reperfusion Injury, Harvard Institutes of Medicine, Department of Anesthesiology, Perioperative and Pain Medicine, Brigham and Women’s Hospital (BWH) and Harvard Medical School, Boston, Massachusetts, USA
| | - Hildur H. Arnardottir
- Center for Experimental Therapeutics and Reperfusion Injury, Harvard Institutes of Medicine, Department of Anesthesiology, Perioperative and Pain Medicine, Brigham and Women’s Hospital (BWH) and Harvard Medical School, Boston, Massachusetts, USA
| | - Oliver Haworth
- William Harvey Research Institute, Barts and the London School of Medicine, Queen Mary University of London, London, United Kingdom
| | - Hefin R. Jones
- William Harvey Research Institute, Barts and the London School of Medicine, Queen Mary University of London, London, United Kingdom
| | - Daniel Irimia
- Center for Engineering in Medicine, Massachusetts General Hospital, Harvard Medical School, Shriners Hospital for Children, Boston, Massachusetts, USA
| | - Charles N. Serhan
- Center for Experimental Therapeutics and Reperfusion Injury, Harvard Institutes of Medicine, Department of Anesthesiology, Perioperative and Pain Medicine, Brigham and Women’s Hospital (BWH) and Harvard Medical School, Boston, Massachusetts, USA
| | - Mauro Perretti
- William Harvey Research Institute, Barts and the London School of Medicine, Queen Mary University of London, London, United Kingdom
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294
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Shinohara M, Serhan CN. Novel Endogenous Proresolving Molecules:Essential Fatty Acid-Derived and Gaseous Mediators in the Resolution of Inflammation. J Atheroscler Thromb 2016; 23:655-64. [PMID: 27052783 DOI: 10.5551/jat.33928] [Citation(s) in RCA: 23] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/30/2022] Open
Abstract
Acute inflammation is a fundamental, protective response that orchestrates immune system to address harmful stimuli both from within and via invasion. New evidences indicate that the resolution of acute inflammation is not simply passive but active and highly regulated processes coordinated by new families of potent bioactive lipid mediators (LMs), coined specialized proresolving mediators (SPMs). These SPMs are biosynthesized from n-3 polyunsaturated fatty acids. Low concentrations of SPM (nM range) stimulate proresolving cellular processes, such as inhibition of neutrophil infiltration, enhancement of macrophage phagocytosis of bacteria and efferocytosis of cellular debris, and reduction of inflammatory pain through specific G-protein coupled receptors.Of the many bioactive mediators that regulate inflammation resolution, low-dose carbon monoxide (CO) functions as a tissue-protective gaso-transmitter that is endogenously produced by the heme oxygenase (HO) system. Specific SPMs activate the HO system, which in turn enhances endogenous CO production locally, thus establishing a protective feed-forward circuit between SPMs and CO. In addition, treatment with low-dose CO and SPMs exerts protective effects against ischemia/reperfusion injury by decreasing leukocyte-platelet interaction and proinflammatory LM levels.Recent studies reviewed herein assessed the impact of SPMs and low-dose inhaled CO on inflammatory diseases. LM metabololipidomics approach allows the assessment of the efficacy of novel treatments with SPMs and low-dose CO. Moreover, this approach indicates the regions where the action of individual LMs may be physiologically relevant and when these LMs are produced in vivo to serve their proresolving mediator functions that may also permit new directions for treating human diseases.
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Affiliation(s)
- Masakazu Shinohara
- The Integrated Center for Mass Spectrometry, Kobe University Graduate School of Medicine
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295
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Sanaki T, Inaba Y, Fujiwara T, Yoshioka T, Matsushima K, Minagawa K, Higashino K, Nakano T, Numata Y. A hybrid strategy using global analysis of oxidized fatty acids and bioconversion by Bacillus circulans. RAPID COMMUNICATIONS IN MASS SPECTROMETRY : RCM 2016; 30:751-762. [PMID: 26864527 DOI: 10.1002/rcm.7504] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/26/2015] [Revised: 12/25/2015] [Accepted: 12/30/2015] [Indexed: 06/05/2023]
Abstract
RATIONALE Targeted oxidized fatty acid analysis has been widely used to understand the roles of fatty acids in the development of diseases. However, because of the extensive structural diversity of fatty acids, it is considered that unknown lipid metabolites will remain undetected. Here, to discover and identify unknown lipid metabolites in biological samples, a global analytical system and a method of synthesizing lipid standards were investigated. METHODS Oxidized fatty acids in mouse lung tissues were extracted using mixed-mode spin columns. Separation was achieved via ultra-high-performance liquid chromatography, mass spectrometric (MS) analysis was conducted in full scan mode using a Q Exactive Plus instrument equipped with an electrospray ionization probe, and structure analysis was carried out by high-resolution data-dependent tandem mass spectrometry (dd-MS(2)). In addition, lipid standards, which are not commercially available, were synthesized by bioconversion using Bacillus circulans. RESULTS Oxidized fatty acids in mouse lung tissues were analyzed by high-resolution accurate-mass analysis, and multiple unknown molecules were discovered and tentatively identified using high-resolution dd-MS(2). Among these molecules, 21-hydroxydocosahexaenoic acid (21-HDoHE) and 22-HDoHE, which are not commercially available, were synthesized by bioconversion. By comparing the exact masses, retention times, and characteristic fragment ions of the synthesized standards, 21-HDoHE and 22-HDoHE were definitively identified in the mouse lung tissue. CONCLUSIONS Our strategy of global analysis and bioconversion can be used for the discovery and identification of unknown lipid molecules.
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Affiliation(s)
- Takao Sanaki
- Shionogi Innovation Center for Drug Discovery, Shionogi & Co., Ltd., Sapporo, 001-0021, Japan
| | - Yoko Inaba
- Shionogi Pharmaceutical Research Center for Drug Discovery, Shionogi & Co., Ltd., Osaka, 561-0825, Japan
| | - Takuji Fujiwara
- Shionogi Pharmaceutical Research Center for Drug Discovery, Shionogi & Co., Ltd., Osaka, 561-0825, Japan
| | - Takeshi Yoshioka
- Shionogi Innovation Center for Drug Discovery, Shionogi & Co., Ltd., Sapporo, 001-0021, Japan
| | - Keisuke Matsushima
- Shionogi Pharmaceutical Research Center for Drug Discovery, Shionogi & Co., Ltd., Osaka, 561-0825, Japan
| | - Kazuyuki Minagawa
- Shionogi Pharmaceutical Research Center for Drug Discovery, Shionogi & Co., Ltd., Osaka, 561-0825, Japan
| | - Kenichi Higashino
- Shionogi Innovation Center for Drug Discovery, Shionogi & Co., Ltd., Sapporo, 001-0021, Japan
| | - Toru Nakano
- Shionogi Innovation Center for Drug Discovery, Shionogi & Co., Ltd., Sapporo, 001-0021, Japan
| | - Yoshito Numata
- Shionogi Innovation Center for Drug Discovery, Shionogi & Co., Ltd., Sapporo, 001-0021, Japan
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296
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Galvão AF, Petta T, Flamand N, Bollela VR, Silva CL, Jarduli LR, Malmegrim KCR, Simões BP, de Moraes LAB, Faccioli LH. Plasma eicosanoid profiles determined by high-performance liquid chromatography coupled with tandem mass spectrometry in stimulated peripheral blood from healthy individuals and sickle cell anemia patients in treatment. Anal Bioanal Chem 2016; 408:3613-23. [PMID: 26968567 DOI: 10.1007/s00216-016-9445-8] [Citation(s) in RCA: 21] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/11/2015] [Revised: 02/17/2016] [Accepted: 02/23/2016] [Indexed: 01/19/2023]
Abstract
Eicosanoids play an important role in homeostasis and in the pathogenesis of various human diseases. Pharmacological agents such as Ca(2+) ionophores and Ca(2+)-ATPase inhibitors, as well as natural agonists such as formylmethionine-leucyl-phenylalanine (fMLP), can stimulate eicosanoid biosynthesis. The aims of this work were to develop a method to determine the eicosanoid profile of human plasma samples after whole blood stimulation and to assess differences between healthy and sick individuals. For this purpose, a liquid chromatography-tandem mass spectrometry (LC-MS/MS) method was partially validated for the quantification of 22 eicosanoids using human plasma from healthy volunteers. In addition, we optimized a method for the stimulation of eicosanoids in human whole blood. LC-MS/MS analyses were performed by negative electrospray ionization and multiple reaction monitoring. An assumption of linearity resulted in a regression coefficient ≥0.98 for all eicosanoids tested. The mean intra-assay and inter-assay accuracy and precision values had relative standard deviations and relative errors of ≤15%, except for the lower limit of quantification, where these values were ≤20%. For whole blood stimulation, four stimuli (fMLP, ionomycin, A23187, and thapsigargin) were tested. Results of the statistical analysis showed that A23187 and thapsigargin were potent stimuli for the production or liberation of eicosanoids. We next compared the eicosanoid profiles of stimulated whole blood samples of healthy volunteers to those of patients with sickle cell anemia (SCA) under treatment with hydroxyurea (HU) or after chronic red blood cell (RBC) transfusion. The results indicate that the method was sufficient to find a difference between lipid mediators released in whole blood of SCA patients and those of healthy subjects, mainly for 5-HETE, 12-HETE, LTB4, LTE4, TXB2, and PGE2. In conclusion, our analytical method can detect significant changes in eicosanoid profiles in stimulated whole blood, which will contribute to establishing the eicosanoid profiles associated with different inflammatory and infectious diseases.
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Affiliation(s)
- Alyne Fávero Galvão
- Departamento de Análises Clínicas, Toxicológicas e Bromatológicas, Faculdade de Ciências Farmacêuticas de Ribeirão Preto, Universidade de São Paulo, Av. do Café, s/n, Ribeirão Preto, São Paulo, 14040-903, Brazil
| | - Tânia Petta
- Departamento de Análises Clínicas, Toxicológicas e Bromatológicas, Faculdade de Ciências Farmacêuticas de Ribeirão Preto, Universidade de São Paulo, Av. do Café, s/n, Ribeirão Preto, São Paulo, 14040-903, Brazil
| | - Nicolas Flamand
- Département de Médecine, Faculté de Médecine Université Laval, Centre de Recherche de l'Institut Universitaire de Cardiologie et de Pneumologie de Québec, 2725, chemin Sainte-Foy, Québec, G1V 4G5, Canada
| | - Valdes Roberto Bollela
- Departamento de Clínica Médica, Faculdade de Medicina de Ribeirão Preto, Universidade de São Paulo, Av. Bandeirantes 3900, Ribeirão Preto, São Paulo, 14049-900, Brazil
| | - Célio Lopes Silva
- Departamento de Bioquímica e Imunologia, Faculdade de Medicina de Ribeirão Preto, Universidade de São Paulo, Av. Bandeirantes 3900, Ribeirão Preto, São Paulo, 14049-900, Brazil
| | - Luciana Ribeiro Jarduli
- Departamento de Análises Clínicas, Toxicológicas e Bromatológicas, Faculdade de Ciências Farmacêuticas de Ribeirão Preto, Universidade de São Paulo, Av. do Café, s/n, Ribeirão Preto, São Paulo, 14040-903, Brazil
| | - Kelen Cristina Ribeiro Malmegrim
- Departamento de Análises Clínicas, Toxicológicas e Bromatológicas, Faculdade de Ciências Farmacêuticas de Ribeirão Preto, Universidade de São Paulo, Av. do Café, s/n, Ribeirão Preto, São Paulo, 14040-903, Brazil.,Centro de Terapia Celular, Centro Regional de Hemoterapia do Hospital das Clínicas, Faculdade de Medicina de Ribeirão Preto, Universidade de São Paulo, Rua Tenente Catão Roxo 2501, Ribeirão Preto, São Paulo, 14049-900, Brazil
| | - Belinda Pinto Simões
- Departamento de Clínica Médica, Faculdade de Medicina de Ribeirão Preto, Universidade de São Paulo, Av. Bandeirantes 3900, Ribeirão Preto, São Paulo, 14049-900, Brazil
| | - Luiz Alberto Beraldo de Moraes
- Departamento de Química, Faculdade de Filosofia, Ciências e Letras de Ribeirão Preto, Universidade de São Paulo, Av. Bandeirantes, 3900, Ribeirão Preto, São Paulo, 14049-901, Brazil
| | - Lúcia Helena Faccioli
- Departamento de Análises Clínicas, Toxicológicas e Bromatológicas, Faculdade de Ciências Farmacêuticas de Ribeirão Preto, Universidade de São Paulo, Av. do Café, s/n, Ribeirão Preto, São Paulo, 14040-903, Brazil.
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297
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Hansen TV, Dalli J, Serhan CN. Selective identification of specialized pro-resolving lipid mediators from their biosynthetic double di-oxygenation isomers. RSC Adv 2016; 6:28820-28829. [PMID: 27525060 PMCID: PMC4981487 DOI: 10.1039/c6ra00414h] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/31/2022] Open
Abstract
The n-3 polyunsaturated fatty acids are substrates for lipoxygenases and cyclooxygenases. During inflammatory processes, these enzymes form several distinct families of oxygenated polyunsaturated fatty acids coined specialized pro-resolving lipid mediators. Structural elucidation of these natural products using LC-MS/MS based metabololipidomics with the pico- to nanogram amounts of biosynthetic material available have been performed. The specialized pro-resolving lipid mediators display stereospecific and potent anti-inflammatory and pro-resolving actions. Most often the different families among these mediators are chemically characterized by two or three chiral, secondary alcohols, separated by either anE,E,Z-triene or an E,Z,E,E-tetraenemoiety. The lipoxygenases also form other oxygenated polyunsaturated natural products, coined double di-oxygenation products, that are constitutional isomers of the protectin and maresin families of specialized pro-resolving lipid mediators. Very often these products exhibit similar chromatographic properties and mass spectrometrical fragment ions as the pro-resolving mediators. In addition, the double di-oxygenation products are sometimes formed in larger amounts than the specialized pro-resolving lipid mediators. Thus, it is not always possible to distinguish between the specialized pro-resolving mediators and their double di-oxygenation isomers in biological systems, using LC/MS-based techniques. Herein, a convenient and easy-to-use protocol to meet this challenge is presented.
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Affiliation(s)
- Trond V. Hansen
- Center for Experimental Therapeutics and Reperfusion Injury, Department of Anesthesiology, Perioperative and Pain Medicine, Harvard Institutes of Medicine, Brigham and Women’s Hospital and Harvard Medical School, Boston, Massachusetts, 02115
- On leave from the School of Pharmacy, Department of Pharmaceutical Chemistry, University of Oslo, PO Box 1068 Blindern, N-0316 Oslo, Norway
| | - Jesmond Dalli
- Center for Experimental Therapeutics and Reperfusion Injury, Department of Anesthesiology, Perioperative and Pain Medicine, Harvard Institutes of Medicine, Brigham and Women’s Hospital and Harvard Medical School, Boston, Massachusetts, 02115
| | - Charles N. Serhan
- Center for Experimental Therapeutics and Reperfusion Injury, Department of Anesthesiology, Perioperative and Pain Medicine, Harvard Institutes of Medicine, Brigham and Women’s Hospital and Harvard Medical School, Boston, Massachusetts, 02115
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298
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Martindale RG, Warren MM, McClave SA. Does the use of specialized proresolving molecules in critical care offer a more focused approach to controlling inflammation than that of fish oils? Curr Opin Clin Nutr Metab Care 2016; 19:151-4. [PMID: 26828585 DOI: 10.1097/mco.0000000000000250] [Citation(s) in RCA: 17] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/19/2022]
Abstract
PURPOSE OF REVIEW The literature regarding the use of fish oils in the critically ill to limit the inflammatory and catabolic response have been inconsistent. The objective of this manuscript is to review a newly discovered class of specialized proresolving molecules (SPMs), which could help elucidate the discrepancies reported in the critical care literature regarding the anti-inflammatory benefits of fish oil/ω-3 fatty acids. RECENT FINDINGS Although use of fish oil has traditionally been thought to reduce or limit the inflammatory process in the critical ill, a new class of endogenously produced highly active lipid mediators derived from arachidonic acid and ω-3 fatty acids (lipoxins, resolvins, protectins, and maresins) have been shown to actively enhance resolution of inflammation. These SPMs stimulate the cardinal signs of resolution of inflammation, which include the cessation of leukocytic infiltration, a countering of the effects of proinflammatory mediators, stimulation of the uptake of apoptotic neutrophils, promotion of the clearance of necrotic cellular debris, and enhancement of the host's ability to eliminate microbial invasion. SUMMARY By actively turning off inflammation (instead of simply attenuating its natural course), SPMs have shown more consistent effects in decreasing pain and risk of sepsis, increasing epithelialization and wound healing, promoting tissue regeneration, potentiating the effects of antibiotics, and enhancing adaptive immunity.
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Affiliation(s)
- Robert G Martindale
- aDepartment of Surgery, Oregon Health and Science University, Portland, Oregon bDepartment of Medicine, University of Louisville, Louisville, Kentucky, USA
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299
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Croasdell A, Lacy SH, Thatcher TH, Sime PJ, Phipps RP. Resolvin D1 Dampens Pulmonary Inflammation and Promotes Clearance of Nontypeable Haemophilus influenzae. THE JOURNAL OF IMMUNOLOGY 2016; 196:2742-52. [PMID: 26843331 DOI: 10.4049/jimmunol.1502331] [Citation(s) in RCA: 26] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/30/2015] [Accepted: 01/03/2016] [Indexed: 12/19/2022]
Abstract
Nontypeable Haemophilus influenzae (NTHi) is a Gram-negative, opportunistic pathogen that frequently causes ear infections, bronchitis, pneumonia, and exacerbations in patients with underlying inflammatory diseases, such as chronic obstructive pulmonary disease. In mice, NTHi is rapidly cleared, but a strong inflammatory response persists, underscoring the concept that NTHi induces dysregulation of normal inflammatory responses and causes a failure to resolve. Lipid-derived specialized proresolving mediators (SPMs) play a critical role in the active resolution of inflammation by both suppressing proinflammatory actions and promoting resolution pathways. Importantly, SPMs lack the immunosuppressive properties of classical anti-inflammatory therapies. On the basis of these characteristics, we hypothesized that aspirin-triggered resolvin D1 (AT-RvD1) would dampen NTHi-induced inflammation while still enhancing bacterial clearance. C57BL/6 mice were treated with AT-RvD1 and infected with live NTHi. AT-RvD1-treated mice had lower total cell counts and neutrophils in bronchoalveolar lavage fluid, and had earlier influx of macrophages. In addition, AT-RvD1-treated mice showed changes in temporal regulation of inflammatory cytokines and enzymes, with decreased KC at 6 h and decreased IL-6, TNF-α, and cyclooxygenase-2 expression at 24 h post infection. Despite reduced inflammation, AT-RvD1-treated mice had reduced NTHi bacterial load, mediated by enhanced clearance by macrophages and a skewing toward an M2 phenotype. Finally, AT-RvD1 protected NTHi-infected mice from weight loss, hypothermia, hypoxemia, and respiratory compromise. This research highlights the beneficial role of SPMs in pulmonary bacterial infections and provides the groundwork for further investigation into SPMs as alternatives to immunosuppressive therapies like steroids.
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Affiliation(s)
- Amanda Croasdell
- Department of Environmental Medicine, University of Rochester School of Medicine and Dentistry, Rochester, NY 14642; Lung Biology and Disease Program, University of Rochester School of Medicine and Dentistry, Rochester, NY 14642; and
| | - Shannon H Lacy
- Department of Environmental Medicine, University of Rochester School of Medicine and Dentistry, Rochester, NY 14642; Lung Biology and Disease Program, University of Rochester School of Medicine and Dentistry, Rochester, NY 14642; and
| | - Thomas H Thatcher
- Lung Biology and Disease Program, University of Rochester School of Medicine and Dentistry, Rochester, NY 14642; and Department of Medicine, University of Rochester School of Medicine and Dentistry, Rochester, NY 14642
| | - Patricia J Sime
- Department of Environmental Medicine, University of Rochester School of Medicine and Dentistry, Rochester, NY 14642; Lung Biology and Disease Program, University of Rochester School of Medicine and Dentistry, Rochester, NY 14642; and Department of Medicine, University of Rochester School of Medicine and Dentistry, Rochester, NY 14642
| | - Richard P Phipps
- Department of Environmental Medicine, University of Rochester School of Medicine and Dentistry, Rochester, NY 14642; Lung Biology and Disease Program, University of Rochester School of Medicine and Dentistry, Rochester, NY 14642; and Department of Medicine, University of Rochester School of Medicine and Dentistry, Rochester, NY 14642
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300
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Resolvin D4 stereoassignment and its novel actions in host protection and bacterial clearance. Sci Rep 2016; 6:18972. [PMID: 26743932 PMCID: PMC4705531 DOI: 10.1038/srep18972] [Citation(s) in RCA: 76] [Impact Index Per Article: 9.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/24/2015] [Accepted: 12/01/2015] [Indexed: 12/16/2022] Open
Abstract
Resolvins of the D-series are specialized pro-resolving lipid mediators that regulate cellular response by orchestrating resolution networks involved in host responses to injury and infection. Here, endogenous resolvin D4 was identified in human tissues and found to persist late into the resolution phase of acute murine Staphylococcus aureus infections. Completion of the first total synthesis of resolvin D4 established the absolute stereochemical configuration of RvD4 confirmed by matching with endogenous RvD4 from resolving exudates in dorsal pouch S. aureus infections. In vivo, RvD4 (ng/mouse) reduced neutrophilic infiltration (~40%) and enhanced uptake of apoptotic PMN (51%) by human dermal fibroblasts at concentrations as low as 0.1 nM. These results establish the complete stereochemistry of RvD4 as 4S,5R,17S-trihydroxydocosa-6E,8E,10Z,13Z,15E,19Z-hexaenoic acid and its novel pro-resolving actions in S. aureus infections as well as its potent ability to stimulate clearance of apoptotic cells by skin fibroblasts.
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