251
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Luo X, Cao M, Gao F, He X. YTHDF1 promotes hepatocellular carcinoma progression via activating PI3K/AKT/mTOR signaling pathway and inducing epithelial-mesenchymal transition. Exp Hematol Oncol 2021; 10:35. [PMID: 34088349 PMCID: PMC8176587 DOI: 10.1186/s40164-021-00227-0] [Citation(s) in RCA: 46] [Impact Index Per Article: 15.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/14/2021] [Accepted: 05/20/2021] [Indexed: 02/06/2023] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND N6-methyladenosine (m6A) modification, as the most abundant RNA modification, widely participates in the physiological process and is involved in multiple disease progression, especially cancer. YTH N6-methyladenosine RNA binding protein 1 (YTHDF1) is a pivotal m6A "reader" protein, which has been reported in multiple cancers. However, the role and molecular mechanism of YTHDF1 in HCC are still not fully elucidated. METHODS Based on various bioinformatics databases, q-RT PCR, western blot, and a tissue microarray containing 90 HCC samples, we examined the expression of YTHDF1 in HCC. Then, we applied the loss-of-function experiments to explore the role of YTHDF1 in HCC by in vitro and in vivo assays. Finally, we performed the gene set enrichment analysis (GSEA) to predict the potential signaling pathway of YTHDF1 involved in HCC and further verified this prediction. RESULTS YTHDF1 was overexpressed in HCC and associated with HCC grade. Depletion of YTHDF1 markedly impaired the proliferation, migration, invasion, and cell cycle process of HCC cells. Mechanistically, YTHDF1 promoted the growth of HCC cells via activating the PI3K/AKT/mTOR signaling pathway. Moreover, we also demonstrated that the epithelial-mesenchymal transition (EMT) mediated the promoting effect of YTHDF1 on the migration and invasion of HCC cells. CONCLUSIONS YTHDF1 contributes to the progression of HCC by activating PI3K/AKT/mTOR signaling pathway and inducing EMT.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xiangyuan Luo
- Institute of Liver and Gastrointestinal Diseases, Tongji Hospital, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, 430030, China.,Hubei Key Laboratory of Hepato-Pancreato-Biliary Diseases, Tongji Hospital, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, 430030, China
| | - Mengdie Cao
- Institute of Liver and Gastrointestinal Diseases, Tongji Hospital, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, 430030, China.,Hubei Key Laboratory of Hepato-Pancreato-Biliary Diseases, Tongji Hospital, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, 430030, China
| | - Fan Gao
- Institute of Liver and Gastrointestinal Diseases, Tongji Hospital, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, 430030, China.,Hubei Key Laboratory of Hepato-Pancreato-Biliary Diseases, Tongji Hospital, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, 430030, China
| | - Xingxing He
- Institute of Liver and Gastrointestinal Diseases, Tongji Hospital, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, 430030, China. .,Hubei Key Laboratory of Hepato-Pancreato-Biliary Diseases, Tongji Hospital, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, 430030, China.
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252
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Wei Q, Yang D, Liu X, Zhao H, Yang Y, Xu J, Liu T, Yi P. Exploration of the Role of m 6 A RNA Methylation Regulators in Malignant Progression and Clinical Prognosis of Ovarian Cancer. Front Genet 2021; 12:650554. [PMID: 34149801 PMCID: PMC8209520 DOI: 10.3389/fgene.2021.650554] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/07/2021] [Accepted: 04/06/2021] [Indexed: 11/13/2022] Open
Abstract
Ovarian cancer is the most deadly gynecologic malignancy worldwide and it is warranted to dissect the critical gene regulatory network in ovarian cancer. N6-methyladenosine (m6A) RNA methylation, as the most prevalent RNA modification, is orchestrated by the m6A RNA methylation regulators and has been implicated in malignant progression of various cancers. In this study, we investigated the genetic landscape and expression profile of the m6A RNA methylation regulators in ovarian cancer and found that several m6A RNA methylation regulators were frequently amplified and up-regulated in ovarian cancer. Utilizing consensus cluster analysis, we stratified ovarian cancer samples into four clusters with distinct m6A methylation patterns and patients in these subgroups displayed the different clinical outcomes. Moreover, multivariate Cox proportional hazard model was used to screen the key m6A regulators associated with the prognosis of ovarian cancer and the last absolute shrinkage and selection operator (LASSO) Cox regression was used to construct the gene signature for prognosis prediction. The survival analysis exhibited the risk-gene signature could be used as independent prognostic markers for ovarian cancer. In conclusion, m6A RNA methylation regulators are associated with the malignant progression of ovarian cancer and could be a potential in prognostic prediction for ovarian cancer.
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Affiliation(s)
- Qinglv Wei
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, The Third Affiliated Hospital of Chongqing Medical University, Chongqing, China
| | - Dan Yang
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, The Third Affiliated Hospital of Chongqing Medical University, Chongqing, China
| | - Xiaoyi Liu
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, The Third Affiliated Hospital of Chongqing Medical University, Chongqing, China
| | - Hongyan Zhao
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, The Third Affiliated Hospital of Chongqing Medical University, Chongqing, China
| | - Yu Yang
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, The Third Affiliated Hospital of Chongqing Medical University, Chongqing, China
| | - Jing Xu
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, The Third Affiliated Hospital of Chongqing Medical University, Chongqing, China
| | - Tao Liu
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, The Third Affiliated Hospital of Chongqing Medical University, Chongqing, China
| | - Ping Yi
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, The Third Affiliated Hospital of Chongqing Medical University, Chongqing, China
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253
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Wang Y, Su X, Zhao M, Xu M, Chen Y, Li Z, Zhuang W. Importance of N 6-methyladenosine RNA modification in lung cancer (Review). Mol Clin Oncol 2021; 14:128. [PMID: 33981432 PMCID: PMC8108057 DOI: 10.3892/mco.2021.2290] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/27/2020] [Accepted: 04/14/2021] [Indexed: 02/07/2023] Open
Abstract
The N6-methyladenosine (m6A) modification is the most common mRNA modification in eukaryotes and exerts biological functions by affecting RNA metabolism. The m6A modification is installed by m6A methyltransferases, removed by demethylases and recognized by m6A-binding proteins. The interaction between these three elements maintains the dynamic equilibrium of m6A in cells. Accumulating evidence indicates that m6A RNA methylation has a significant impact on RNA metabolism and is involved in the pathogenesis of cancer. Lung cancer is the leading cause of cancer-related deaths worldwide. The treatment options for lung cancer have developed considerably over the past few years; however, the survival rate of patients with lung cancer still remains very low. Although diagnostic methods and targeted therapies have been rapidly developed in recent years, the underlying mechanism and importance of m6A RNA methylation in the pathogenesis of lung cancer remains ambiguous. The current review summarized the biological functions of m6A modification and considers the potential roles of m6A regulators in the occurrence and development of lung cancer.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yueyang Wang
- Department of Molecular Biology Test Technique, College of Medical Technology, Beihua University, Jilin 132000, P.R. China
| | - Xiaoming Su
- Department of Molecular Biology Test Technique, College of Medical Technology, Beihua University, Jilin 132000, P.R. China
| | - Mingyao Zhao
- Department of Molecular Biology Test Technique, College of Medical Technology, Beihua University, Jilin 132000, P.R. China
| | - Mingchen Xu
- Department of Molecular Biology Test Technique, College of Medical Technology, Beihua University, Jilin 132000, P.R. China
| | - Yueqi Chen
- Department of Molecular Biology Test Technique, College of Medical Technology, Beihua University, Jilin 132000, P.R. China
| | - Zhengyi Li
- Department of Clinical Examination Basis, Laboratory Academy, Jilin Medical University, Jilin 132000, P.R. China
| | - Wenyue Zhuang
- Department of Molecular Biology Test Technique, College of Medical Technology, Beihua University, Jilin 132000, P.R. China
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254
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Jing FY, Zhou LM, Ning YJ, Wang XJ, Zhu YM. The Biological Function, Mechanism, and Clinical Significance of m6A RNA Modifications in Head and Neck Carcinoma: A Systematic Review. Front Cell Dev Biol 2021; 9:683254. [PMID: 34136491 PMCID: PMC8201395 DOI: 10.3389/fcell.2021.683254] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/20/2021] [Accepted: 05/10/2021] [Indexed: 12/12/2022] Open
Abstract
Head and neck squamous cell carcinoma (HNSCC) is one of the most common cancers, yet the molecular mechanisms underlying its onset and development have not yet been fully elucidated. Indeed, an in-depth understanding of the potential molecular mechanisms underlying HNSCC oncogenesis may aid the development of better treatment strategies. Recent epigenetic studies have revealed that the m6A RNA modification plays important roles in HNSCC. In this review, we summarize the role of m6A modification in various types of HNSCC, including thyroid, nasopharyngeal, hypopharyngeal squamous cell, and oral carcinoma. In addition, we discuss the regulatory roles of m6A in immune cells within the tumor microenvironment, as well as the potential molecular mechanisms. Finally, we review the development of potential targets for treating cancer based on the regulatory functions of m6A, with an aim to improving targeted therapies for HNSCC. Together, this review highlights the important roles that m6A modification plays in RNA synthesis, transport, and translation, and demonstrates that the regulation of m6A-related proteins can indirectly affect mRNA and ncRNA function, thus providing a novel strategy for reengineering intrinsic cell activity and developing simpler interventions to treat HNSCC.
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Affiliation(s)
- Feng-Yang Jing
- Key Laboratory of Oral Diseases Research of Anhui Province, Department of Dental Implant Center, Stomatologic Hospital & College, Anhui Medical University, Hefei, China
| | - Li-Ming Zhou
- Key Laboratory of Oral Diseases Research of Anhui Province, Department of Dental Implant Center, Stomatologic Hospital & College, Anhui Medical University, Hefei, China
| | - Yu-Jie Ning
- Key Laboratory of Oral Diseases Research of Anhui Province, Department of Dental Implant Center, Stomatologic Hospital & College, Anhui Medical University, Hefei, China
| | - Xiao-Juan Wang
- Key Laboratory of Oral Diseases Research of Anhui Province, Department of Dental Implant Center, Stomatologic Hospital & College, Anhui Medical University, Hefei, China
| | - You-Ming Zhu
- Key Laboratory of Oral Diseases Research of Anhui Province, Department of Dental Implant Center, Stomatologic Hospital & College, Anhui Medical University, Hefei, China
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255
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Wood S, Willbanks A, Cheng JX. The Role of RNA Modifications and RNA-modifying Proteins in Cancer Therapy and Drug Resistance. Curr Cancer Drug Targets 2021; 21:326-352. [PMID: 33504307 DOI: 10.2174/1568009621666210127092828] [Citation(s) in RCA: 22] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/03/2020] [Revised: 12/03/2020] [Accepted: 12/03/2020] [Indexed: 11/22/2022]
Abstract
The advent of new genome-wide sequencing technologies has uncovered abnormal RNA modifications and RNA editing in a variety of human cancers. The discovery of reversible RNA N6-methyladenosine (RNA: m6A) by fat mass and obesity-associated protein (FTO) demethylase has led to exponential publications on the pathophysiological functions of m6A and its corresponding RNA modifying proteins (RMPs) in the past decade. Some excellent reviews have summarized the recent progress in this field. Compared to the extent of research into RNA: m6A and DNA 5-methylcytosine (DNA: m5C), much less is known about other RNA modifications and their associated RMPs, such as the role of RNA: m5C and its RNA cytosine methyltransferases (RCMTs) in cancer therapy and drug resistance. In this review, we will summarize the recent progress surrounding the function, intramolecular distribution and subcellular localization of several major RNA modifications, including 5' cap N7-methylguanosine (m7G) and 2'-O-methylation (Nm), m6A, m5C, A-to-I editing, and the associated RMPs. We will then discuss dysregulation of those RNA modifications and RMPs in cancer and their role in cancer therapy and drug resistance.
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Affiliation(s)
- Shaun Wood
- Department of Pathology, Hematopathology Section, University of Chicago, Chicago, IL60637, United States
| | - Amber Willbanks
- Department of Pathology, Hematopathology Section, University of Chicago, Chicago, IL60637, United States
| | - Jason X Cheng
- Department of Pathology, Hematopathology Section, University of Chicago, Chicago, IL60637, United States
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256
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Liu S, Lao Y, Wang Y, Li R, Fang X, Wang Y, Gao X, Dong Z. Role of RNA N6-Methyladenosine Modification in Male Infertility and Genital System Tumors. Front Cell Dev Biol 2021; 9:676364. [PMID: 34124065 PMCID: PMC8190709 DOI: 10.3389/fcell.2021.676364] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/05/2021] [Accepted: 04/16/2021] [Indexed: 12/24/2022] Open
Abstract
Epigenetic alterations, particularly RNA methylation, play a crucial role in many types of disease development and progression. Among them, N6-methyladenosine (m6A) is the most common epigenetic RNA modification, and its important roles are not only related to the occurrence, progression, and aggressiveness of tumors but also affect the progression of many non-tumor diseases. The biological effects of RNA m6A modification are dynamically and reversibly regulated by methyltransferases (writers), demethylases (erasers), and m6A binding proteins (readers). This review summarized the current finding of the RNA m6A modification regulators in male infertility and genital system tumors and discussed the role and potential clinical application of the RNA m6A modification in spermatogenesis and male genital system tumors.
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Affiliation(s)
- Shuai Liu
- Department of Urology, Lanzhou University Second Hospital, Lanzhou, China.,Gansu Nephro-Urological Clinical Center, Institute of Urology, Department of Urology, Key Laboratory of Urological Disease of Gansu Province, Lanzhou University Second Hospital, Lanzhou, China
| | - Yongfeng Lao
- Department of Urology, Lanzhou University Second Hospital, Lanzhou, China.,Gansu Nephro-Urological Clinical Center, Institute of Urology, Department of Urology, Key Laboratory of Urological Disease of Gansu Province, Lanzhou University Second Hospital, Lanzhou, China
| | - Yanan Wang
- Department of Urology, Lanzhou University Second Hospital, Lanzhou, China.,Gansu Nephro-Urological Clinical Center, Institute of Urology, Department of Urology, Key Laboratory of Urological Disease of Gansu Province, Lanzhou University Second Hospital, Lanzhou, China
| | - Rongxin Li
- Department of Urology, Lanzhou University Second Hospital, Lanzhou, China.,Gansu Nephro-Urological Clinical Center, Institute of Urology, Department of Urology, Key Laboratory of Urological Disease of Gansu Province, Lanzhou University Second Hospital, Lanzhou, China
| | - Xuefeng Fang
- Department of Urology, People's Hospital of Jinchang, Jinchang, China
| | - Yunchang Wang
- Second Clinical Medical College, Lanzhou University, Lanzhou, China.,Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, Changsha, China
| | - Xiaolong Gao
- Department of Urology, People's Hospital of Jinchang, Jinchang, China
| | - Zhilong Dong
- Department of Urology, Lanzhou University Second Hospital, Lanzhou, China.,Gansu Nephro-Urological Clinical Center, Institute of Urology, Department of Urology, Key Laboratory of Urological Disease of Gansu Province, Lanzhou University Second Hospital, Lanzhou, China
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257
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Li M, Shi M, Hu C, Chen B, Li S. MALAT1 modulated FOXP3 ubiquitination then affected GINS1 transcription and drived NSCLC proliferation. Oncogene 2021; 40:3870-3884. [PMID: 33972684 DOI: 10.1038/s41388-021-01816-3] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/16/2020] [Revised: 04/01/2021] [Accepted: 04/23/2021] [Indexed: 12/22/2022]
Abstract
An increasing number of studies have shown that long-noncoding RNAs (lncRNAs) are involved in the post-translational modifications (PTMs) of protein in a variety of tumors. However, little is known about the exact regulation mechanism of lncRNAs in regulating PTMs in non-small-cell lung carcinoma (NSCLC) proliferation. Metastasis-associated lung adenocarcinoma transcript1 (MALAT1) and GINS complex subunit 1(GINS1) both were upregulated and promoted proliferation progression in NSCLC. In this study, the clinicopathologic significance of MALAT1 and GINS1 in NSCLC was investigated, a positive correlation in their expression was found. The silencing of MALAT1 decreased GINS1 expression and inhibited NSCLC proliferation in vitro and in vivo. The upregulation of GINS1 reversed NSCLC proliferation inhibited by MALAT1 knockdown. FOXP3 (forkhead box protein 3) was identified as the critical transcription factor for GINS1 transcription. In addition, MALAT1 could stabilize FOXP3 by binding to zinc finger (ZF) domain and leucine zipper (LZ) domain of FOXP3. Interestingly, these two domains were also interaction domains for FOXP3 binding with E3 ligase STUB1 (STIP1 homology and U-box containing protein 1). In this way, MALAT1 masked the protein-interacting domain, and inhibited FOXP3 ubiquitination by STUB1. Together, our results identified a novel regulatory axis of MALAT1-FOXP3-GINS1, and demonstrated that MALAT1 played an important modulatory role in PTM of FOXP3 which affects GINS1 transcription and drives proliferation character in NSCLC.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ming Li
- Key Laboratory of Developmental Genes and Human Disease in Ministry of Education, Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, Medical School of Southeast University, Nanjing, China
| | - Minke Shi
- Department of Thoracic and Cardiovascular Surgery, The Affiliated Drum Tower Hospital of Nanjing University Medical School, Nanjing, China
| | - Chaoyue Hu
- Department of Thoracic and Cardiovascular Surgery, The Affiliated Drum Tower Hospital of Nanjing University Medical School, Nanjing, China
| | - Baojun Chen
- Department of Thoracic and Cardiovascular Surgery, The Affiliated Drum Tower Hospital of Nanjing University Medical School, Nanjing, China
| | - Shufeng Li
- Key Laboratory of Developmental Genes and Human Disease in Ministry of Education, Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, Medical School of Southeast University, Nanjing, China.
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258
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Dong S, Wu Y, Liu Y, Weng H, Huang H. N 6 -methyladenosine Steers RNA Metabolism and Regulation in Cancer. Cancer Commun (Lond) 2021; 41:538-559. [PMID: 33955720 PMCID: PMC8286143 DOI: 10.1002/cac2.12161] [Citation(s) in RCA: 19] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/18/2020] [Revised: 04/07/2021] [Accepted: 04/14/2021] [Indexed: 12/24/2022] Open
Abstract
As one of the most studied ribonucleic acid (RNA) modifications in eukaryotes, N6 -methyladenosine (m6 A) has been shown to play a predominant role in controlling gene expression and influence physiological and pathological processes such as oncogenesis and tumor progression. Writer and eraser proteins, acting opposite to deposit and remove m6 A epigenetic marks, respectively, shape the cellular m6 A landscape, while reader proteins preferentially recognize m6 A modifications and mediate fate decision of the methylated RNAs, including RNA synthesis, splicing, exportation, translation, and stability. Therefore, RNA metabolism in cells is greatly influenced by these three classes of m6 A regulators. Aberrant expression of m6 A regulators has been widely reported in various types of cancer, leading to cancer initiation, progression, and drug resistance. The close links between m6 A and cancer shed light on the potential use of m6 A methylation and its regulators as prognostic biomarkers and drug targets for cancer therapy. Given the notable effects of m6 A in reversing chemoresistance and enhancing immune therapy, it is a promising target for combined therapy. Herein, we summarize the recent discoveries on m6 A and its regulators, emphasizing their influences on RNA metabolism, their dysregulation and impacts in diverse malignancies, and discuss the clinical implications of m6 A modification in cancer.
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Affiliation(s)
- Shenghua Dong
- Sun Yat-sen University Cancer Center, State Key Laboratory of Oncology in South China, Collaborative Innovation Center for Cancer Medicine, Guangzhou, Guangdong, 510060, P. R. China
| | - Yutong Wu
- Sun Yat-sen University Cancer Center, State Key Laboratory of Oncology in South China, Collaborative Innovation Center for Cancer Medicine, Guangzhou, Guangdong, 510060, P. R. China
| | - Yadi Liu
- Sun Yat-sen University Cancer Center, State Key Laboratory of Oncology in South China, Collaborative Innovation Center for Cancer Medicine, Guangzhou, Guangdong, 510060, P. R. China
| | - Hengyou Weng
- Bioland Laboratory, Guangzhou Regenerative Medicine and Health Guangdong Laboratory, Guangzhou, 510005, P. R. China
| | - Huilin Huang
- Sun Yat-sen University Cancer Center, State Key Laboratory of Oncology in South China, Collaborative Innovation Center for Cancer Medicine, Guangzhou, Guangdong, 510060, P. R. China
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259
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Epigenetics: Roles and therapeutic implications of non-coding RNA modifications in human cancers. MOLECULAR THERAPY. NUCLEIC ACIDS 2021; 25:67-82. [PMID: 34188972 PMCID: PMC8217334 DOI: 10.1016/j.omtn.2021.04.021] [Citation(s) in RCA: 51] [Impact Index Per Article: 17.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/06/2023]
Abstract
As next-generation sequencing (NGS) is leaping forward, more than 160 covalent RNA modification processes have been reported, and they are widely present in every organism and overall RNA type. Many modification processes of RNA introduce a new layer to the gene regulation process, resulting in novel RNA epigenetics. The commonest RNA modification includes pseudouridine (Ψ), N 7-methylguanosine (m7G), 5-hydroxymethylcytosine (hm5C), 5-methylcytosine (m5C), N 1-methyladenosine (m1A), N 6-methyladenosine (m6A), and others. In this study, we focus on non-coding RNAs (ncRNAs) to summarize the epigenetic consequences of RNA modifications, and the pathogenesis of cancer, as diagnostic markers and therapeutic targets for cancer, as well as the mechanisms affecting the immune environment of cancer. In addition, we summarize the current status of epigenetic drugs for tumor therapy based on ncRNA modifications and the progress of bioinformatics methods in elucidating RNA modifications in recent years.
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260
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METTL3 enhances the stability of MALAT1 with the assistance of HuR via m6A modification and activates NF-κB to promote the malignant progression of IDH-wildtype glioma. Cancer Lett 2021; 511:36-46. [PMID: 33933553 DOI: 10.1016/j.canlet.2021.04.020] [Citation(s) in RCA: 79] [Impact Index Per Article: 26.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/01/2021] [Revised: 04/18/2021] [Accepted: 04/25/2021] [Indexed: 02/06/2023]
Abstract
Understanding the role of N6-methyladenosine (m6A) in tumorigenesis and stem cell maintenance is an emerging field in glioma research. However, it is necessary to study the function of m6A in IDH-mutation and IDH-wildtype gliomas separately. Here, we aimed to elucidate the role and mechanism of the m6A writer METTL3 in regulating the malignant progression of IDH-wildtype gliomas. We demonstrated that METTL3 expression is positively associated with a higher malignant grade and poorer prognosis of IDH-wildtype gliomas but not IDH-mutant gliomas. METTL3 could also promote the malignant progression of gliomas in both in vitro and in vivo models. Mechanistically, METTL3 upregulated MALAT1 expression by enhancing its stability via m6A modification. We further revealed that HuR was essential for METTL3-mediated MALAT1 stabilization, and upregulated MALAT1 subsequently activated NF-κB. Taken together, our findings confirmed that METTL3 promoted the malignant progression of IDH-wildtype gliomas and revealed important insight into the upstream regulatory mechanism of MALAT1 and NF-κB with a primary focus on m6A modification.
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261
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Tan F, Zhao M, Xiong F, Wang Y, Zhang S, Gong Z, Li X, He Y, Shi L, Wang F, Xiang B, Zhou M, Li X, Li Y, Li G, Zeng Z, Xiong W, Guo C. N6-methyladenosine-dependent signalling in cancer progression and insights into cancer therapies. JOURNAL OF EXPERIMENTAL & CLINICAL CANCER RESEARCH : CR 2021; 40:146. [PMID: 33926508 PMCID: PMC8082653 DOI: 10.1186/s13046-021-01952-4] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/27/2020] [Accepted: 04/18/2021] [Indexed: 02/07/2023]
Abstract
The N6-methyladenosine (m6A) modification is a dynamic and reversible epigenetic modification, which is co-transcriptionally deposited by a methyltransferase complex, removed by a demethylase, and recognized by reader proteins. Mechanistically, m6A modification regulates the expression levels of mRNA and nocoding RNA by modulating the fate of modified RNA molecules, such as RNA splicing, nuclear transport, translation, and stability. Several studies have shown that m6A modification is dysregulated in the progression of multiple diseases, especially human tumors. We emphasized that the dysregulation of m6A modification affects different signal transduction pathways and involves in the biological processes underlying tumor cell proliferation, apoptosis, invasion and migration, and metabolic reprogramming, and discuss the effects on different cancer treatment.
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Affiliation(s)
- Fenghua Tan
- NHC Key Laboratory of Carcinogenesis and Hunan Key Laboratory of Cancer Metabolism, Hunan Cancer Hospital and the Affiliated Cancer Hospital of Xiangya School of Medicine, Central South University, Changsha, China.,Key Laboratory of Carcinogenesis and Cancer Invasion of the Chinese Ministry of Education, Cancer Research Institute, Central South University, Changsha, China
| | - Mengyao Zhao
- NHC Key Laboratory of Carcinogenesis and Hunan Key Laboratory of Cancer Metabolism, Hunan Cancer Hospital and the Affiliated Cancer Hospital of Xiangya School of Medicine, Central South University, Changsha, China.,Key Laboratory of Carcinogenesis and Cancer Invasion of the Chinese Ministry of Education, Cancer Research Institute, Central South University, Changsha, China
| | - Fang Xiong
- Department of Stomatology, Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, Changsha, China
| | - Yumin Wang
- Key Laboratory of Carcinogenesis and Cancer Invasion of the Chinese Ministry of Education, Cancer Research Institute, Central South University, Changsha, China.,Department of Stomatology, Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, Changsha, China
| | - Shanshan Zhang
- Department of Stomatology, Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, Changsha, China
| | - Zhaojian Gong
- Department of Oral and Maxillofacial Surgery, the Second Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, Changsha, China
| | - Xiayu Li
- Hunan Key Laboratory of Nonresolving Inflammation and Cancer, Disease Genome Research Center, The Third Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, Changsha, China
| | - Yi He
- NHC Key Laboratory of Carcinogenesis and Hunan Key Laboratory of Cancer Metabolism, Hunan Cancer Hospital and the Affiliated Cancer Hospital of Xiangya School of Medicine, Central South University, Changsha, China
| | - Lei Shi
- Department of Oral and Maxillofacial Surgery, the Second Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, Changsha, China
| | - Fuyan Wang
- Key Laboratory of Carcinogenesis and Cancer Invasion of the Chinese Ministry of Education, Cancer Research Institute, Central South University, Changsha, China
| | - Bo Xiang
- NHC Key Laboratory of Carcinogenesis and Hunan Key Laboratory of Cancer Metabolism, Hunan Cancer Hospital and the Affiliated Cancer Hospital of Xiangya School of Medicine, Central South University, Changsha, China.,Key Laboratory of Carcinogenesis and Cancer Invasion of the Chinese Ministry of Education, Cancer Research Institute, Central South University, Changsha, China
| | - Ming Zhou
- NHC Key Laboratory of Carcinogenesis and Hunan Key Laboratory of Cancer Metabolism, Hunan Cancer Hospital and the Affiliated Cancer Hospital of Xiangya School of Medicine, Central South University, Changsha, China.,Key Laboratory of Carcinogenesis and Cancer Invasion of the Chinese Ministry of Education, Cancer Research Institute, Central South University, Changsha, China
| | - Xiaoling Li
- NHC Key Laboratory of Carcinogenesis and Hunan Key Laboratory of Cancer Metabolism, Hunan Cancer Hospital and the Affiliated Cancer Hospital of Xiangya School of Medicine, Central South University, Changsha, China.,Key Laboratory of Carcinogenesis and Cancer Invasion of the Chinese Ministry of Education, Cancer Research Institute, Central South University, Changsha, China
| | - Yong Li
- Department of Medicine, Dan L Duncan Comprehensive Cancer Center, Baylor College of Medicine, Houston, TX, USA
| | - Guiyuan Li
- NHC Key Laboratory of Carcinogenesis and Hunan Key Laboratory of Cancer Metabolism, Hunan Cancer Hospital and the Affiliated Cancer Hospital of Xiangya School of Medicine, Central South University, Changsha, China.,Key Laboratory of Carcinogenesis and Cancer Invasion of the Chinese Ministry of Education, Cancer Research Institute, Central South University, Changsha, China
| | - Zhaoyang Zeng
- NHC Key Laboratory of Carcinogenesis and Hunan Key Laboratory of Cancer Metabolism, Hunan Cancer Hospital and the Affiliated Cancer Hospital of Xiangya School of Medicine, Central South University, Changsha, China.,Key Laboratory of Carcinogenesis and Cancer Invasion of the Chinese Ministry of Education, Cancer Research Institute, Central South University, Changsha, China
| | - Wei Xiong
- NHC Key Laboratory of Carcinogenesis and Hunan Key Laboratory of Cancer Metabolism, Hunan Cancer Hospital and the Affiliated Cancer Hospital of Xiangya School of Medicine, Central South University, Changsha, China. .,Key Laboratory of Carcinogenesis and Cancer Invasion of the Chinese Ministry of Education, Cancer Research Institute, Central South University, Changsha, China.
| | - Can Guo
- NHC Key Laboratory of Carcinogenesis and Hunan Key Laboratory of Cancer Metabolism, Hunan Cancer Hospital and the Affiliated Cancer Hospital of Xiangya School of Medicine, Central South University, Changsha, China. .,Key Laboratory of Carcinogenesis and Cancer Invasion of the Chinese Ministry of Education, Cancer Research Institute, Central South University, Changsha, China.
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262
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Zhang F, Yan Y, Cao X, Zhang J, Li Y, Guo C. Methylation of microRNA-338-5p by EED promotes METTL3-mediated translation of oncogene CDCP1 in gastric cancer. Aging (Albany NY) 2021; 13:12224-12238. [PMID: 33882457 PMCID: PMC8109089 DOI: 10.18632/aging.103822] [Citation(s) in RCA: 16] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/17/2020] [Accepted: 07/14/2020] [Indexed: 11/25/2022]
Abstract
Unmasking the complex regulatory pathways that mediate the malignant phenotypes of cancer cells can provide novel targets for therapies that could limit the recurrence and metastasis of gastric cancer (GC). Herein, we intended to clarify the role of embryonic ectoderm development protein (EED), microRNA-228-5p (miR-338-5p), methyltransferase like 3 (METTL3) and CUB domain containing protein 1 (CDCP1) in GC. Differentially expressed miRNAs and their target genes were extracted by in silico analysis. The studies revealed high expression of EED in GC tissues and cell lines and it high expression in GC patients was shown to be associated with poor prognosis. The chromatin immunoprecipitation assay identified that EED methylated miR-338-5p to inhibit its expression. EED knockdown could restrain the proliferative and invasive abilities of GC cells by inducing miR-338-5p. Furthermore, miR-338-5p targeted m6A methylase METTL3, while METTL3 amplified the translation of CDCP1 via m6A activity which led to accelerated proliferation and invasion of GC cells. Moreover, in vivo experiments validated that EED promoted the progression of GC through mediating the miR-338-5p/METTL3/CDCP1 axis. Collectively, EED downregulated miR-338-5p through histone methylation, which in turn impaired miR-338-5p-dependent METTL3 inhibition and enhanced CDCP1 translation, therefore contributing to the development of GC.
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Affiliation(s)
- Fangbin Zhang
- Department of Gastroenterology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou 450052, P. R. China
| | - Yan Yan
- Department of Oncology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou 450052, P. R. China
| | - Xinguang Cao
- Department of Gastroenterology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou 450052, P. R. China
| | - Jinping Zhang
- Department of Gastroenterology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou 450052, P. R. China
| | - Yingxia Li
- Department of Gastroenterology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou 450052, P. R. China
| | - Changqing Guo
- Department of Gastroenterology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou 450052, P. R. China
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263
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New Insights into YES-Associated Protein Signaling Pathways in Hematological Malignancies: Diagnostic and Therapeutic Challenges. Cancers (Basel) 2021; 13:cancers13081981. [PMID: 33924049 PMCID: PMC8073623 DOI: 10.3390/cancers13081981] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/09/2021] [Revised: 04/03/2021] [Accepted: 04/16/2021] [Indexed: 12/21/2022] Open
Abstract
Simple Summary YES-associated protein (YAP) is a co-transcriptional activator that binds to transcriptional factors to increase the rate of transcription of a set of genes, and it can intervene in the onset and progression of different tumors. Most of the data in the literature refer to the effects of the YAP system in solid neoplasms. In this review, we analyze the possibility that YAP can also intervene in hematological neoplasms such as lymphomas, multiple myeloma, and acute and chronic leukemias, modifying the phenomena of cell proliferation and cell death. The possibilities of pharmacological intervention related to the YAP system in an attempt to use its modulation therapeutically are also discussed. Abstract The Hippo/YES-associated protein (YAP) signaling pathway is a cell survival and proliferation-control system with its main activity that of regulating cell growth and organ volume. YAP operates as a transcriptional coactivator in regulating the onset, progression, and treatment response in numerous human tumors. Moreover, there is evidence suggesting the involvement of YAP in the control of the hematopoietic system, in physiological conditions rather than in hematological diseases. Nevertheless, several reports have proposed that the effects of YAP in tumor cells are cell-dependent and cell-type-determined, even if YAP usually interrelates with extracellular signaling to stimulate the onset and progression of tumors. In the present review, we report the most recent findings in the literature on the relationship between the YAP system and hematological neoplasms. Moreover, we evaluate the possible therapeutic use of the modulation of the YAP system in the treatment of malignancies. Given the effects of the YAP system in immunosurveillance, tumorigenesis, and chemoresistance, further studies on interactions between the YAP system and hematological malignancies will offer very relevant information for the targeting of these diseases employing YAP modifiers alone or in combination with chemotherapy drugs.
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264
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Shen S, Zhang R, Jiang Y, Li Y, Lin L, Liu Z, Zhao Y, Shen H, Hu Z, Wei Y, Chen F. Comprehensive analyses of m6A regulators and interactive coding and non-coding RNAs across 32 cancer types. Mol Cancer 2021; 20:67. [PMID: 33849552 PMCID: PMC8045265 DOI: 10.1186/s12943-021-01362-2] [Citation(s) in RCA: 59] [Impact Index Per Article: 19.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/26/2021] [Accepted: 04/06/2021] [Indexed: 01/08/2023] Open
Abstract
N6-Methyladenosine (m6A) is an RNA modification that interacts with numerous coding and non-coding RNAs and plays important roles in the development of cancers. Nonetheless, the clinical impacts of m6A interactive genes on these cancers largely remain unclear since most studies focus only on a single cancer type. We comprehensively evaluated m6A modification patterns, including 23 m6A regulators and 83 interactive coding and non-coding RNAs among 9,804 pan-cancer samples. We used clustering analysis to identify m6A subtypes and constructed the m6A signature based on an unsupervised approach. We used the signatures to identify potential m6A modification targets across the genome. The prognostic value of one target was further validated in 3,444 samples from six external datasets. We developed three distinct m6A modification subtypes with different tumor microenvironment cell infiltration degrees: immunological, intermediate, and tumor proliferative. They were significantly associated with overall survival in 24 of 27 cancer types. Our constructed individual-level m6A signature was associated with survival, tumor mutation burden, and classical pathways. With the signature, we identified 114 novel genes as potential m6A targets. The gene shared most commonly between cancer types, BCL9L, is an oncogene and interacts with m6A patterns in the Wnt signaling pathway. In conclusion, m6A regulators and their interactive genes impact the outcome of various cancers. Evaluating the m6A subtype and the signature of individual tumors may inform the design of adjuvant treatments.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sipeng Shen
- State Key Laboratory of Reproductive Medicine, Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing, 211166, China
- Jiangsu Key Lab of Cancer Biomarkers, Prevention and Treatment, Jiangsu Collaborative Innovation Center for Cancer Personalized Medicine, Nanjing Medical University, SPH Building Room 418, 101 Longmian Avenue, Nanjing, 211166, Jiangsu, China
- Department of Biostatistics, Center for Global Health, School of Public Health, Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing, 211166, China
| | - Ruyang Zhang
- Department of Biostatistics, Center for Global Health, School of Public Health, Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing, 211166, China
- China International Cooperation Center of Environment and Human Health, Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing, 211166, Jiangsu, China
- Key Laboratory of Biomedical Big Data of Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing, 211166, China
| | - Yue Jiang
- Jiangsu Key Lab of Cancer Biomarkers, Prevention and Treatment, Jiangsu Collaborative Innovation Center for Cancer Personalized Medicine, Nanjing Medical University, SPH Building Room 418, 101 Longmian Avenue, Nanjing, 211166, Jiangsu, China
- Department of Biostatistics, Center for Global Health, School of Public Health, Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing, 211166, China
| | - Yi Li
- Department of Biostatistics, University of Michigan, Ann Arbor, MI, 48109, USA
| | - Lijuan Lin
- Jiangsu Key Lab of Cancer Biomarkers, Prevention and Treatment, Jiangsu Collaborative Innovation Center for Cancer Personalized Medicine, Nanjing Medical University, SPH Building Room 418, 101 Longmian Avenue, Nanjing, 211166, Jiangsu, China
- Department of Biostatistics, Center for Global Health, School of Public Health, Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing, 211166, China
| | - Zhonghua Liu
- Department of Statistics and Actuarial Science, University of Hong Kong, Hong Kong, SAR, China
| | - Yang Zhao
- Department of Biostatistics, Center for Global Health, School of Public Health, Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing, 211166, China
- China International Cooperation Center of Environment and Human Health, Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing, 211166, Jiangsu, China
- Key Laboratory of Biomedical Big Data of Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing, 211166, China
| | - Hongbing Shen
- Jiangsu Key Lab of Cancer Biomarkers, Prevention and Treatment, Jiangsu Collaborative Innovation Center for Cancer Personalized Medicine, Nanjing Medical University, SPH Building Room 418, 101 Longmian Avenue, Nanjing, 211166, Jiangsu, China
- China International Cooperation Center of Environment and Human Health, Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing, 211166, Jiangsu, China
- Key Laboratory of Biomedical Big Data of Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing, 211166, China
- Department of Epidemiology, Center for Global Health, School of Public Health, Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing, 211166, China
| | - Zhibin Hu
- State Key Laboratory of Reproductive Medicine, Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing, 211166, China
- Jiangsu Key Lab of Cancer Biomarkers, Prevention and Treatment, Jiangsu Collaborative Innovation Center for Cancer Personalized Medicine, Nanjing Medical University, SPH Building Room 418, 101 Longmian Avenue, Nanjing, 211166, Jiangsu, China
- China International Cooperation Center of Environment and Human Health, Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing, 211166, Jiangsu, China
- Department of Epidemiology, Center for Global Health, School of Public Health, Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing, 211166, China
| | - Yongyue Wei
- Jiangsu Key Lab of Cancer Biomarkers, Prevention and Treatment, Jiangsu Collaborative Innovation Center for Cancer Personalized Medicine, Nanjing Medical University, SPH Building Room 418, 101 Longmian Avenue, Nanjing, 211166, Jiangsu, China.
- Department of Biostatistics, Center for Global Health, School of Public Health, Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing, 211166, China.
- China International Cooperation Center of Environment and Human Health, Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing, 211166, Jiangsu, China.
| | - Feng Chen
- State Key Laboratory of Reproductive Medicine, Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing, 211166, China.
- Jiangsu Key Lab of Cancer Biomarkers, Prevention and Treatment, Jiangsu Collaborative Innovation Center for Cancer Personalized Medicine, Nanjing Medical University, SPH Building Room 418, 101 Longmian Avenue, Nanjing, 211166, Jiangsu, China.
- Department of Biostatistics, Center for Global Health, School of Public Health, Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing, 211166, China.
- China International Cooperation Center of Environment and Human Health, Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing, 211166, Jiangsu, China.
- Key Laboratory of Biomedical Big Data of Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing, 211166, China.
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265
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The m 6A RNA methylation regulates oncogenic signaling pathways driving cell malignant transformation and carcinogenesis. Mol Cancer 2021; 20:61. [PMID: 33814008 PMCID: PMC8019509 DOI: 10.1186/s12943-021-01356-0] [Citation(s) in RCA: 58] [Impact Index Per Article: 19.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/14/2020] [Accepted: 03/24/2021] [Indexed: 02/06/2023] Open
Abstract
The m6A RNA methylation is the most prevalent internal modification in mammalian mRNAs which plays critical biological roles by regulating vital cellular processes. Dysregulations of the m6A modification due to aberrant expression of its regulatory proteins are frequently observed in many pathological conditions, particularly in cancer. Normal cells undergo malignant transformation via activation or modulation of different oncogenic signaling pathways through complex mechanisms. Accumulating evidence showing regulation of oncogenic signaling pathways at the epitranscriptomic level has added an extra layer of the complexity. In particular, recent studies demonstrated that, in many types of cancers various oncogenic signaling pathways are modulated by the m6A modification in the target mRNAs as well as noncoding RNA transcripts. m6A modifications in these RNA molecules control their fate and metabolism by regulating their stability, translation or subcellular localizations. In this review we discussed recent exciting studies on oncogenic signaling pathways that are modulated by the m6A RNA modification and/or their regulators in cancer and provided perspectives for further studies. The regulation of oncogenic signaling pathways by the m6A modification and its regulators also render them as potential druggable targets for the treatment of cancer.
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266
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Hu L, Wu H, Jiang T, Kuang M, Liu B, Guo X, He D, Chen M, Gu J, Gu J, Chang L, Feng M, Ruan Y. pVHL promotes lysosomal degradation of YAP in lung adenocarcinoma. Cell Signal 2021; 83:110002. [PMID: 33823241 DOI: 10.1016/j.cellsig.2021.110002] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/30/2020] [Revised: 03/29/2021] [Accepted: 04/01/2021] [Indexed: 12/09/2022]
Abstract
Yes-associated protein (YAP) is a vital transcriptional co-activator that activates cell proliferation and evasion of apoptosis for the promotion of tumorigenesis. The von Hippel-Lindau tumor suppressor protein (pVHL), as a critical component of E3 ubiquitin ligase, targets various substrates to regulate tumor progression. However, the precise molecular mechanisms of pVHL during tumorigenesis remain largely unclear. Herein, we found that there was a significant negative correlation between pVHL and YAP at protein level in the TCGA-LUAD dataset and our cohort. Over-expression of pVHL decreased YAP protein expression and reduced its transcriptional activity. Further study indicated that pVHL did not affect YAP mRNA level but decreased YAP protein stability in a lysosome-dependent manner. In addition, the pVHL-mediated degradation of YAP inhibited cellular proliferation, migration, and enhanced chemosensitivity to cisplatin in lung adenocarcinoma cells. Interestingly, the pVHL-mediated YAP degradation was blocked by elevated O-GlcNAcylation. Collectively, our findings demonstrate that pVHL modulates the lysosomal degradation of YAP, and may provide more clues to better understanding the tumor suppressive effects of pVHL.
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Affiliation(s)
- Lan Hu
- NHC Key Laboratory of Glycoconjugate Research, School of Basic Medical Sciences, Fudan University, Shanghai, China; Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, School of Basic Medical Sciences, Fudan University, Shanghai, China
| | - Hao Wu
- NHC Key Laboratory of Glycoconjugate Research, School of Basic Medical Sciences, Fudan University, Shanghai, China; Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, School of Basic Medical Sciences, Fudan University, Shanghai, China
| | - Tian Jiang
- Department of Thoracic Surgery, Zhongshan Hospital, Fudan University, Shanghai, China
| | - Mengzhen Kuang
- NHC Key Laboratory of Glycoconjugate Research, School of Basic Medical Sciences, Fudan University, Shanghai, China; Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, School of Basic Medical Sciences, Fudan University, Shanghai, China
| | - Bo Liu
- NHC Key Laboratory of Glycoconjugate Research, School of Basic Medical Sciences, Fudan University, Shanghai, China; Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, School of Basic Medical Sciences, Fudan University, Shanghai, China
| | - Xinying Guo
- NHC Key Laboratory of Glycoconjugate Research, School of Basic Medical Sciences, Fudan University, Shanghai, China; Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, School of Basic Medical Sciences, Fudan University, Shanghai, China
| | - Daochuan He
- NHC Key Laboratory of Glycoconjugate Research, School of Basic Medical Sciences, Fudan University, Shanghai, China; Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, School of Basic Medical Sciences, Fudan University, Shanghai, China
| | - Mengqian Chen
- NHC Key Laboratory of Glycoconjugate Research, School of Basic Medical Sciences, Fudan University, Shanghai, China; Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, School of Basic Medical Sciences, Fudan University, Shanghai, China
| | - Jie Gu
- NHC Key Laboratory of Glycoconjugate Research, School of Basic Medical Sciences, Fudan University, Shanghai, China; Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, School of Basic Medical Sciences, Fudan University, Shanghai, China
| | - Jianxin Gu
- NHC Key Laboratory of Glycoconjugate Research, School of Basic Medical Sciences, Fudan University, Shanghai, China; Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, School of Basic Medical Sciences, Fudan University, Shanghai, China
| | - Lei Chang
- State Key Laboratory of Proteomics, Beijing Proteome Research Center, National Center for Protein Sciences (Beijing), Beijing Institute of Lifeomics, Beijing, China.
| | - Mingxiang Feng
- Department of Thoracic Surgery, Zhongshan Hospital, Fudan University, Shanghai, China.
| | - Yuanyuan Ruan
- NHC Key Laboratory of Glycoconjugate Research, School of Basic Medical Sciences, Fudan University, Shanghai, China; Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, School of Basic Medical Sciences, Fudan University, Shanghai, China.
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267
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Shi R, Ying S, Li Y, Zhu L, Wang X, Jin H. Linking the YTH domain to cancer: the importance of YTH family proteins in epigenetics. Cell Death Dis 2021; 12:346. [PMID: 33795663 PMCID: PMC8016981 DOI: 10.1038/s41419-021-03625-8] [Citation(s) in RCA: 42] [Impact Index Per Article: 14.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/08/2020] [Revised: 03/09/2021] [Accepted: 03/15/2021] [Indexed: 02/06/2023]
Abstract
N6-methyladenosine (m6A), the most prevalent and reversible modification of mRNA in mammalian cells, has recently been extensively studied in epigenetic regulation. YTH family proteins, whose YTH domain can recognize and bind m6A-containing RNA, are the main "readers" of m6A modification. YTH family proteins perform different functions to determine the metabolic fate of m6A-modified RNA. The crystal structure of the YTH domain has been completely resolved, highlighting the important roles of several conserved residues of the YTH domain in the specific recognition of m6A-modified RNAs. Upstream and downstream targets have been successively revealed in different cancer types and the role of YTH family proteins has been emphasized in m6A research. This review describes the regulation of RNAs by YTH family proteins, the structural features of the YTH domain, and the connections of YTH family proteins with human cancers.
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Affiliation(s)
- Rongkai Shi
- grid.13402.340000 0004 1759 700XLaboratory of Cancer Biology, Key Lab of Biotherapy in Zhejiang, Sir Run Run Shaw Hospital, Cancer Center, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, China
| | - Shilong Ying
- grid.13402.340000 0004 1759 700XLaboratory of Cancer Biology, Key Lab of Biotherapy in Zhejiang, Sir Run Run Shaw Hospital, Cancer Center, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, China
| | - Yadan Li
- grid.13402.340000 0004 1759 700XLaboratory of Cancer Biology, Key Lab of Biotherapy in Zhejiang, Sir Run Run Shaw Hospital, Cancer Center, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, China
| | - Liyuan Zhu
- grid.13402.340000 0004 1759 700XLaboratory of Cancer Biology, Key Lab of Biotherapy in Zhejiang, Sir Run Run Shaw Hospital, Cancer Center, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, China
| | - Xian Wang
- grid.13402.340000 0004 1759 700XDepartment of Medical Oncology, Sir Run Run Shaw Hospital, Medical School of Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, China
| | - Hongchuan Jin
- grid.13402.340000 0004 1759 700XLaboratory of Cancer Biology, Key Lab of Biotherapy in Zhejiang, Sir Run Run Shaw Hospital, Cancer Center, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, China
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268
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Chen H, Xiang Y, Yin Y, Peng J, Peng D, Li D, Kitazawa R, Tang Y, Yang J. The m6A methyltransferase METTL3 regulates autophagy and sensitivity to cisplatin by targeting ATG5 in seminoma. Transl Androl Urol 2021; 10:1711-1722. [PMID: 33968659 PMCID: PMC8100844 DOI: 10.21037/tau-20-1411] [Citation(s) in RCA: 23] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/22/2023] Open
Abstract
Background Our previous work shows Autophagy enhanced resistance to cisplatin in seminoma. The expression of the N6-methyladenosine (m6A) methyltransferases METTL3 was significantly increased in the cisplatin-resistant TCam-2 cell line of seminoma. We aimed to investigate the role of m6A methylation in autophagy and the chemosensitivity of seminoma cells. Methods Plasmid and siRNA were used to overexpress and knockdown METTL3. Autophagy was detected by western blot and immunofluorescence, respectively. The expression of downstream targets of METTL3 was detected by quantitative real-time PCR (qRT-PCR) and western blot, and the m6A level of them was detected by MeRIP-qPCR. Chemosensitivity of the TCam-2 cell line was identified through MTT assay. Results Upon METTL3 overexpression, autophagy of TCam-2 cell line was enhanced and its sensitivity to cisplatin was decreased. The use of autophagy inhibitors 3-methyladenine (3-MA) could reverse the protective effect of METTL3 on TCam-2 cells. We found that the up-regulation of METTL3 could increase the m6A modification level of ATG5 transcript, thus increased expression of ATG5. Moreover, knockdown of ATG5 reduced METTL3-induced autophagy, suggesting that ATG5 was a potential target for METTL3 to promote autophagy. Conclusions In summary, our research unveiled the unique mechanism by which m6A methylation regulates autophagy and chemosensitivity of the TCam-2 cell line and METTL3 was a potential target to overcome the cisplatin resistance of seminoma.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hanfei Chen
- Department of Urology, The Third Xiangya Hospital of Central South University, Changsha, China
| | - Yali Xiang
- Health Management Center, Fifth Affiliated Hospital of Sun Yat-sen University, Zhuhai, China
| | - Yinghao Yin
- Department of Urology, The Third Xiangya Hospital of Central South University, Changsha, China
| | - Jingxuan Peng
- Department of Urology, The Third Xiangya Hospital of Central South University, Changsha, China
| | - Dongyi Peng
- Department of Urology, The Third Xiangya Hospital of Central South University, Changsha, China
| | - Dongjie Li
- Xiangya International Medical Center, Department of Geriatric Urology, Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, Changsha, China
| | - Riko Kitazawa
- Department of Diagnostic Pathology, Ehime University Hospital, Toon, Japan
| | - Yuxin Tang
- Department of Urology, Fifth Affiliated Hospital of Sun Yat-sen University, Zhuhai, China.,Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Biomedical Imaging, The Fifth Affiliated Hospital, Sun Yat-sen University, Zhuhai, China
| | - Jianfu Yang
- Department of Urology, The Third Xiangya Hospital of Central South University, Changsha, China
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269
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Ren MH, Chen S, Wang LG, Rui WX, Li P. LINC00941 Promotes Progression of Non-Small Cell Lung Cancer by Sponging miR-877-3p to Regulate VEGFA Expression. Front Oncol 2021; 11:650037. [PMID: 33869051 PMCID: PMC8044452 DOI: 10.3389/fonc.2021.650037] [Citation(s) in RCA: 21] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/06/2021] [Accepted: 03/04/2021] [Indexed: 12/21/2022] Open
Abstract
Long noncoding RNAs (lncRNAs) play critical roles in carcinoma occurrence and metastasis. LINC00941 has been found to mediate the development of gastric cancer, and LINC00941 was negatively associated with the longer overall survival of lung adenocarcinoma patients. Herein, our aim was to investigate the effects and mechanisms of LINC00941 in NSCLC progression. Microarray was used to identify the change lncRNAs in NSCLC, LINC00941 was found to increase in tumor tissues and patients' plasma. Knockdown of LINC00941 didn't modulate the proliferation of NSCLC cells, but inhibition of LINC00941 in NSCLC cells suppressed the angiogenesis ability of human umbilical vein endothelial cells (HUVECs). Moreover, LINC00941 promoted tumorigenesis in vivo, while si-LINC00941 inhibited tumor development of NSCLC. VEGFA was should to be significantly modulated by LINC00941 in NSCLC cells, then luciferase assay proved that LINC00941 regulated VEGFA expression via interacting with miR-877-3p. Followed functional experiments indicated that overexpression of LINC00941 accelerated angiogenesis and NSCLC tumor progression via miR-877-3p/VEGFA axis both in vitro and in vivo. In conclusion, our results clarified the LINC00941 function for the first time, and LINC00941 promoted the progression of NSCLC, which was mediated by miR-877-3p/VEGFA axis. This study might provide new understanding and targets for NSCLC diagnosis and treatment.
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Affiliation(s)
- Min-Huan Ren
- Department of Respiratory Disease, Taikang Xianlin Drum Tower Hospital, Nanjing University School of Medicine, Nanjing, China
| | - Si Chen
- Department of Respiratory Disease, Taikang Xianlin Drum Tower Hospital, Nanjing University School of Medicine, Nanjing, China
| | - Liang-Ge Wang
- Department of Respiratory Disease, Taikang Xianlin Drum Tower Hospital, Nanjing University School of Medicine, Nanjing, China
| | - Wen-Xiu Rui
- Department of Respiratory Disease, Taikang Xianlin Drum Tower Hospital, Nanjing University School of Medicine, Nanjing, China
| | - Pei Li
- Department of Infectious Diseases, Affiliated Hospital 2 of Nantong University, Nantong, China
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m6A-dependent up-regulation of DRG1 by METTL3 and ELAVL1 promotes growth, migration, and colony formation in osteosarcoma. Biosci Rep 2021; 40:222601. [PMID: 32266933 PMCID: PMC7178206 DOI: 10.1042/bsr20200282] [Citation(s) in RCA: 38] [Impact Index Per Article: 12.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/01/2020] [Revised: 03/18/2020] [Accepted: 04/03/2020] [Indexed: 12/13/2022] Open
Abstract
Osteosarcoma (OS) is a malignant tumor commonly observed in children and adolescents. Developmentally regulated GTP-binding protein (DRG) 1 plays an important role in embryonic development; aberrantly expressed DRG1 has been associated with pathological processes in cancer. The present study aimed to explore the role of DRG1 in OS and the mechanisms underlying DRG1 overexpression in OS. Clinical studies were performed to evaluate Drg1 expression in OS tissues and to identify a correlation between Drg1 expression and the clinicopathological features in patients with OS. Drg1 was knocked down in OS cells to determine its effects on cell viability, cell cycle distribution, apoptosis, migration, invasion, and colony formation rate. METTL3 and ELAVL1 were also silenced to determine their effects on the levels of N6-methyladenosine (m6A), RNA stability, and Drg1 expression. Higher levels of Drg1 mRNA and protein were observed in OS tissues than those in paracancerous tissues. High expression of DRG1 was associated with large tumor size and advanced clinical stages in OS. Silencing of Drg1 resulted in decreased viability and inhibition of the migration and colony formation abilities of OS cells; it also resulted in cell cycle arrest in the G2/M stage and induced apoptosis. Knockdown of METTL3 led to decreased m6A and Drg1 mRNA levels. ELAVL1 knockdown impaired the stability of DRG1 mRNA, thereby reducing both the mRNA and protein levels of DRG1. In all, DRG1 exerted tumorigenic effects in OS, and the up-regulation of DRG1 in OS was induced by METTL3 and ELAVL1 in an m6A-dependent manner.
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Yao L, Yin H, Hong M, Wang Y, Yu T, Teng Y, Li T, Wu Q. RNA methylation in hematological malignancies and its interactions with other epigenetic modifications. Leukemia 2021; 35:1243-1257. [PMID: 33767371 DOI: 10.1038/s41375-021-01225-1] [Citation(s) in RCA: 16] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/27/2020] [Revised: 02/12/2021] [Accepted: 03/11/2021] [Indexed: 01/18/2023]
Abstract
Hematological malignancies are a class of malignant neoplasms attributed to abnormal differentiation of hematopoietic stem cells (HSCs). The systemic involvement, poor prognosis, chemotherapy resistance, and recurrence common in hematological malignancies urge researchers to look for novel treatment targets and mechanisms. In recent years, epigenetic abnormalities have been shown to play a vital role in tumorigenesis and progression in hematological malignancies. In addition to DNA methylation and histone modifications, which are most studied, RNA methylation has become increasingly significant. In this review, we elaborate recent advances in the understanding of RNA modification in the pathogenesis, diagnosis and molecular targeted therapies of hematological malignancies and discuss its intricate interactions with other epigenetic modifications, including DNA methylation, histone modifications and noncoding RNAs.
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Affiliation(s)
- Lan Yao
- Institute of Hematology, Union Hospital, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, China
| | - Hua Yin
- Institute of Hematology, Union Hospital, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, China
| | - Mei Hong
- Institute of Hematology, Union Hospital, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, China.,Collaborative Innovation Center of Hematology, Soochow University, Suzhou, China
| | - Yajun Wang
- Institute of Hematology, Union Hospital, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, China
| | - Tingting Yu
- Institute of Hematology, Union Hospital, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, China
| | - Yao Teng
- Institute of Hematology, Union Hospital, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, China
| | - Tingting Li
- Institute of Hematology, Union Hospital, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, China
| | - Qiuling Wu
- Institute of Hematology, Union Hospital, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, China.
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272
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Cai Z, Niu Y, Li H. RNA N6-methyladenosine modification, spermatogenesis, and human male infertility. Mol Hum Reprod 2021; 27:6179814. [PMID: 33749751 DOI: 10.1093/molehr/gaab020] [Citation(s) in RCA: 24] [Impact Index Per Article: 8.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/01/2020] [Revised: 01/15/2021] [Indexed: 12/28/2022] Open
Abstract
RNA N6-methyladenosine (m6A) modification is one of the main forms of posttranscriptional modification, and its dysregulation is involved in a series of pathological processes. RNA m6A regulators, which mediate dynamic RNA m6A modification, are expressed in almost all types of testicular cells, including spermatogenetic cells and somatic cells. Cumulative studies have found that knockout of RNA m6A regulators in the testis leads to abnormal metabolism of the target mRNAs, which eventually causes spermatogenetic disorders and infertility. To date, a role for dysregulated RNA m6A modification in human male infertility remains elusive; however, dysregulated expression of RNA m6A regulators in abnormal human semen samples, including oligospermia, asthenozoospermia and azoospermia, has been found. Therefore, we speculate that abnormal RNA m6A methylation may be an important mechanism of male infertility. In this review, we summarize the recent findings regarding the spatiotemporal expression of RNA m6A regulators in the testes, mechanisms of RNA m6A modification in spermatogenesis and the relation between dysregulated RNA m6A regulators and human male infertility. In addition, we also discuss future directions in studying the molecular mechanism of male infertility and exploring their clinical applications from the viewpoint of RNA m6A modification.
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Affiliation(s)
- Zhonglin Cai
- Department of Urology, Peking Union Medical College Hospital, Peking Union Medical College, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences, Beijing, China
| | - Yamei Niu
- Department of Pathology, Institute of Basic Medical Sciences Chinese Academy of Medical Science, School of Basic Medicine, Peking Union Medical College, Beijing, China
| | - Hongjun Li
- Department of Urology, Peking Union Medical College Hospital, Peking Union Medical College, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences, Beijing, China
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273
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Cheng Y, Wang M, Zhou J, Dong H, Wang S, Xu H. The Important Role of N6-methyladenosine RNA Modification in Non-Small Cell Lung Cancer. Genes (Basel) 2021; 12:genes12030440. [PMID: 33808751 PMCID: PMC8003501 DOI: 10.3390/genes12030440] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/11/2021] [Revised: 03/16/2021] [Accepted: 03/18/2021] [Indexed: 02/07/2023] Open
Abstract
N6-methyladenosine (m6A) is one of the most prevalent epigenetic modifications of eukaryotic RNA. The m6A modification is a dynamic and reversible process, regulated by three kinds of regulator, including m6A methyltransferases, demethylases and m6A-binding proteins, and this modification plays a vital role in many diseases, especially in cancers. Accumulated evidence has proven that this modification has a significant effect on cellular biological functions and cancer progression; however, little is known about the effects of the m6A modification in non-small cell lung cancer (NSCLC). In this review, we summarized how various m6A regulators modulate m6A RNA metabolism and demonstrated the effect of m6A modification on the progression and cellular biological functions of NSCLC. We also discussed how m6A modification affects the treatment, drug resistance, diagnosis and prognosis of NSCLC patients.
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274
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Chen XY, Liang R, Yi YC, Fan HN, Chen M, Zhang J, Zhu JS. The m 6A Reader YTHDF1 Facilitates the Tumorigenesis and Metastasis of Gastric Cancer via USP14 Translation in an m 6A-Dependent Manner. Front Cell Dev Biol 2021; 9:647702. [PMID: 33791305 PMCID: PMC8006284 DOI: 10.3389/fcell.2021.647702] [Citation(s) in RCA: 45] [Impact Index Per Article: 15.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/30/2020] [Accepted: 02/23/2021] [Indexed: 01/08/2023] Open
Abstract
Objectives N6-methyladenosine (m6A) RNA methylation is implicated in the progression of multiple cancers via influencing mRNA modification. YTHDF1 can act as an oncogene in gastric cancer (GC), while the biological mechanisms via which YTHDF1 regulates gastric tumorigenesis through m6A modification remain largely unknown. Methods GEO and TCGA cohorts were analyzed for differentially expressed m6A modification components in GC clinical specimens and their association with clinical prognosis. Transwell and flow cytometry assays as well as subcutaneous xenograft and lung metastasis models were used to evaluate the phenotype of YTHDF1 in GC. Intersection of RNA/MeRIP-seq, luciferase assay, RIP-PCR, RNA pull-down and MeRIP-PCR was used to identify YTHDF1- modified USP14 and its m6A levels in GC cells. Results High-expressed YTHDF1 was found in GC tissues and was related to poor prognosis, acting as an independent prognostic factor of poor survival in GC patients. YTHDF1 deficiency inhibited cell proliferation and invasion (in vitro), and gastric tumorigenesis and lung metastasis (in vivo) and also induced cell apoptosis. Intersection assays revealed that YTHDF1 promoted USP14 protein translation in an m6A-dependent manner. USP14 upregulation was positively correlated with YTHDF1 expression and indicated a poor prognosis in GC. Conclusion Our data suggested that m6A reader YTHDF1 facilitated tumorigenesis and metastasis of GC by promoting USP14 protein translation in an m6A-dependent manner and might provide a potential target for GC treatment.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xiao-Yu Chen
- Department of Gastroenterology, Shanghai Jiao Tong University Affiliated Sixth People's Hospital, Shanghai, China
| | - Rui Liang
- Department of Gastroenterology, Shanghai Jiao Tong University Affiliated Sixth People's Hospital, Shanghai, China
| | - You-Cai Yi
- Department of Gastroenterology, Shanghai Jiao Tong University Affiliated Sixth People's Hospital, Shanghai, China
| | - Hui-Ning Fan
- Department of Gastroenterology, Shanghai Jiao Tong University Affiliated Sixth People's Hospital, Shanghai, China
| | - Ming Chen
- Department of Gastroenterology, Shanghai Jiao Tong University Affiliated Sixth People's Hospital, Shanghai, China
| | - Jing Zhang
- Department of Gastroenterology, Shanghai Jiao Tong University Affiliated Sixth People's Hospital, Shanghai, China
| | - Jin-Shui Zhu
- Department of Gastroenterology, Shanghai Jiao Tong University Affiliated Sixth People's Hospital, Shanghai, China
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275
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Wu Y, Chang N, Zhang Y, Zhang X, Xu L, Che Y, Qiao T, Wu B, Zhou Y, Jiang J, Xiong J, Zhang J, Zhang J. METTL3-mediated m 6A mRNA modification of FBXW7 suppresses lung adenocarcinoma. JOURNAL OF EXPERIMENTAL & CLINICAL CANCER RESEARCH : CR 2021; 40:90. [PMID: 33676554 PMCID: PMC7936500 DOI: 10.1186/s13046-021-01880-3] [Citation(s) in RCA: 34] [Impact Index Per Article: 11.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/07/2020] [Accepted: 02/15/2021] [Indexed: 12/24/2022]
Abstract
Background FBXW7 m6A modification plays an important role in lung adenocarcinoma (LUAD) progression; however, the underlying mechanisms remain unclear. Methods The correlation between FBXW7 and various genes related to m6A modification was analyzed using The Cancer Genome Atlas database. The regulatory effects of METTL3 on FBXW7 mRNA m6A modification were examined in a cell model, and the underlying mechanism was determined by methylated RNA immunoprecipitation, RNA immunoprecipitation, luciferase reporter, and mutagenesis assays. In vitro experiments were performed to further explore the biological effects of METTL3-mediated FBXW7 m6A modification on LUAD development. Results Decreased FBXW7 expression was accompanied by downregulated METTL3 expression in human LUAD tissues and was associated with a worse prognosis for LUAD in The Cancer Genome Atlas database. m6A was highly enriched in METTL3-mediated FBXW7 transcripts, and increased m6A modification in the coding sequence region increased its translation. Functionally, METTL3 overexpression or knockdown affected the apoptosis and proliferation phenotype of LUAD cells by regulating FBXW7 m6A modification and expression. Furthermore, FBXW7 overexpression in METTL3-depleted cells partially restored LUAD cell suppression in vitro and in vivo. Conclusions Our findings reveal that METTL3 positively regulates FBXW7 expression and confirm the tumor-suppressive role of m6A-modified FBXW7, thus providing insight into its epigenetic regulatory mechanisms in LUAD initiation and development. Supplementary Information The online version contains supplementary material available at 10.1186/s13046-021-01880-3.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yingtong Wu
- Department of Respiratory Diseases, Xijing Hospital, Fourth Military Medical University, Chang-Le Xi Street #127, Xi'an, 710032, People's Republic of China.
| | - Ning Chang
- State Key Laboratory of Cancer Biology, Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, Fourth Military Medical University, Chang-Le Xi Street #169, Xi'an, 710032, People's Republic of China
| | - Yong Zhang
- Department of Respiratory Diseases, Xijing Hospital, Fourth Military Medical University, Chang-Le Xi Street #127, Xi'an, 710032, People's Republic of China
| | - Xinxin Zhang
- Department of Respiratory Diseases, Xijing Hospital, Fourth Military Medical University, Chang-Le Xi Street #127, Xi'an, 710032, People's Republic of China
| | - Leidi Xu
- Department of Respiratory Diseases, Xijing Hospital, Fourth Military Medical University, Chang-Le Xi Street #127, Xi'an, 710032, People's Republic of China
| | - Yinggang Che
- Department of Respiratory Diseases, Xijing Hospital, Fourth Military Medical University, Chang-Le Xi Street #127, Xi'an, 710032, People's Republic of China
| | - Tianyun Qiao
- Department of Thoracic Surgery, Tangdu Hospital, Fourth Military Medical University, 1 Xinsi Road, Baqiao District, Xi'an, Shaanxi, 710038, People's Republic of China
| | - Bin Wu
- Department of Respiratory Diseases, Xijing Hospital, Fourth Military Medical University, Chang-Le Xi Street #127, Xi'an, 710032, People's Republic of China
| | - Ying Zhou
- Department of Respiratory Diseases, Xijing Hospital, Fourth Military Medical University, Chang-Le Xi Street #127, Xi'an, 710032, People's Republic of China
| | - Jun Jiang
- Department of Respiratory Diseases, Xijing Hospital, Fourth Military Medical University, Chang-Le Xi Street #127, Xi'an, 710032, People's Republic of China
| | - Jie Xiong
- Department of Respiratory Diseases, Xijing Hospital, Fourth Military Medical University, Chang-Le Xi Street #127, Xi'an, 710032, People's Republic of China
| | - Jian Zhang
- State Key Laboratory of Cancer Biology, Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, Fourth Military Medical University, Chang-Le Xi Street #169, Xi'an, 710032, People's Republic of China.
| | - Jian Zhang
- Department of Respiratory Diseases, Xijing Hospital, Fourth Military Medical University, Chang-Le Xi Street #127, Xi'an, 710032, People's Republic of China.
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276
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Zhao Y, Chen Y, Jin M, Wang J. The crosstalk between m 6A RNA methylation and other epigenetic regulators: a novel perspective in epigenetic remodeling. Am J Cancer Res 2021; 11:4549-4566. [PMID: 33754077 PMCID: PMC7977459 DOI: 10.7150/thno.54967] [Citation(s) in RCA: 52] [Impact Index Per Article: 17.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/25/2020] [Accepted: 02/07/2021] [Indexed: 12/15/2022] Open
Abstract
Epigenetic regulation involves a range of sophisticated processes which contribute to heritable alterations in gene expression without altering DNA sequence. Regulatory events predominantly include DNA methylation, chromatin remodeling, histone modifications, non-coding RNAs (ncRNAs), and RNA modification. As the most prevalent RNA modification in eukaryotic cells, N6-methyladenosine (m6A) RNA methylation actively participates in the modulation of RNA metabolism. Notably, accumulating evidence has revealed complicated interrelations occurring between m6A and other well-known epigenetic modifications. Their crosstalk conspicuously triggers epigenetic remodeling, further yielding profound impacts on a variety of physiological and pathological processes, especially tumorigenesis. Herein, we provide an up-to-date review of this emerging hot area of biological research, summarizing the interplay between m6A RNA methylation and other epigenetic regulators, and highlighting their underlying functions in epigenetic reprogramming.
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277
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Liu K, Gao Y, Gan K, Wu Y, Xu B, Zhang L, Chen M. Prognostic Roles of N6-Methyladenosine METTL3 in Different Cancers: A System Review and Meta-Analysis. Cancer Control 2021; 28:1073274821997455. [PMID: 33631954 PMCID: PMC8482712 DOI: 10.1177/1073274821997455] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/14/2022] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Recent studies have shown that methyltransferase-like 3, a catalytic enzyme that is predominant in the N6-methyladenosine methyltransferase system, is abnormally expressed in various types of carcinoma and is correlated with poorer prognosis. However, the clinical functions of methyltransferase-like 3 in the prognosis of tumors are not fully understood. METHODS We identified studies by searching PubMed, Web of Science, and MedRvix for literature (up to June 30, 2020), and collected a total of 9 studies with 1257 patients for this meta-analysis. The cancer types included gastric cancer, breast cancer, non-small cell lung cancer, bladder cancer, colorectal cancer and ovarian. We further used The Cancer Genome Atlas dataset to validate the results. RESULTS High methyltransferase-like 3 expression clearly predicted a worse outcome (high vs. low methyltransferase-like 3 expression group; hazard ratio = 2.09, 95% confidence interval 1.53-2.89, P = 0.0001). Moreover, methyltransferase-like 3 expression was associated with differentiation (moderate + poor vs. well, pooled odds ratio = 1.76, 95% confidence interval 1.32-2.35, P = 0.0001), and gender (male vs. female, pooled odds ratio = 0.73, 95% confidence interval 0.55-0.97, P = 0.029). CONCLUSION Our results suggest that methyltransferase-like 3 upregulation is significantly associated with poor prognosis and could potentially function as a tumor biomarker in cancer prognosis.
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Affiliation(s)
- KuangZheng Liu
- Medical College of 12579Southeast University, Nanjing, Jiangsu, China
| | - Yue Gao
- Medical College of 12579Southeast University, Nanjing, Jiangsu, China
| | - Kai Gan
- Medical College of 12579Southeast University, Nanjing, Jiangsu, China
| | - YuQing Wu
- Medical College of 12579Southeast University, Nanjing, Jiangsu, China
| | - Bin Xu
- Department of Urology, 12579Southeast University Affiliated Zhongda Hospital, Nanjing, Jiangsu, China
| | - LiHua Zhang
- Department of Pathology, 12579Southeast University Affiliated Zhongda Hospital, Nanjing, Jiangsu, China
| | - Ming Chen
- Department of Urology, 12579Southeast University Affiliated Zhongda Hospital, Nanjing, Jiangsu, China
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278
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Shriwas O, Mohapatra P, Mohanty S, Dash R. The Impact of m6A RNA Modification in Therapy Resistance of Cancer: Implication in Chemotherapy, Radiotherapy, and Immunotherapy. Front Oncol 2021; 10:612337. [PMID: 33718113 PMCID: PMC7947626 DOI: 10.3389/fonc.2020.612337] [Citation(s) in RCA: 36] [Impact Index Per Article: 12.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/30/2020] [Accepted: 12/11/2020] [Indexed: 01/24/2023] Open
Abstract
m6A RNA methylation, which serves as a critical regulator of transcript expression, has gathered tremendous scientific interest in recent years. From RNA processing to nuclear export, RNA translation to decay, m6A modification has been studied to affect various aspects of RNA metabolism, and it is now considered as one of the most abundant epitranscriptomic modification. RNA methyltransferases (writer), m6A-binding proteins (readers), and demethylases (erasers) proteins are frequently upregulated in several neoplasms, thereby regulating oncoprotein expression, augmenting tumor initiation, enhancing cancer cell proliferation, progression, and metastasis. Though the potential role of m6A methylation in growth and proliferation of cancer cells has been well documented, its potential role in development of therapy resistance in cancer is not clear. In this review, we focus on m6A-associated regulation, mechanisms, and functions in acquired chemoresistance, radioresistance, and resistance to immunotherapy in cancer.
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Affiliation(s)
- Omprakash Shriwas
- Institute of Life Sciences, Bhubaneswar, India.,Manipal Academy of Higher Education, Manipal, India
| | - Pallavi Mohapatra
- Institute of Life Sciences, Bhubaneswar, India.,Regional Center for Biotechnology, Faridabad, India
| | - Sibasish Mohanty
- Institute of Life Sciences, Bhubaneswar, India.,Regional Center for Biotechnology, Faridabad, India
| | - Rupesh Dash
- Institute of Life Sciences, Bhubaneswar, India
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279
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Huang S, Luo S, Gong C, Liang L, Xiao Y, Li M, He J. MTTL3 upregulates microRNA-1246 to promote occurrence and progression of NSCLC via targeting paternally expressed gene 3. MOLECULAR THERAPY. NUCLEIC ACIDS 2021; 24:542-553. [PMID: 33898106 PMCID: PMC8059086 DOI: 10.1016/j.omtn.2021.02.020] [Citation(s) in RCA: 21] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/27/2020] [Accepted: 02/19/2021] [Indexed: 12/11/2022]
Abstract
Non-small cell lung cancer (NSCLC) is one of the major causes of morbidity and mortality worldwide. We aimed to investigate the role of N6-methyladenosine (m6A) methyltransferase-like 3 (METTL3) regulating microRNA-1246 (miR-1246) in the progression of NSCLC by targeting paternally expressed gene 3 (PEG3). METTL3, miR-1246, and PEG3 expression in tissues was assessed, and the predictive role of METTL3 in prognosis of patients with NSCLC was detected. NSCLC cells were relatively treated with altered expression of METTL3, miR-1246, or PEG3 to measure their roles in the proliferation, migration, invasion, apoptosis, and in vivo growth of the NSCLC cells. The RNA m6A level was determined, and the targeting relationship between miR-1246 and PEG3 was confirmed. Our results revealed that METTL3 and miR-1246 were upregulated, whereas PEG3 was downregulated in NSCLC tissues. METTL3 knockdown or PEG3 overexpression in NSCLC cells suppressed malignant behaviors of NSCLC cells. METTL3 affected the m6A modification of miR-1246, thus upregulating miR-1246 and miR-1246-targeted PEG3. The elevation of PEG3 reversed the effects of miR-1246 upregulation on NSCLC cells. This study revealed that m6A methyltransferase METTL3 affects the m6A modification of miR-1246, thus upregulating miR-1246 to promote NSCLC progression by inhibiting PEG3.
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Affiliation(s)
- Shaohong Huang
- Department of Thoracocardiac Surgery, The Third Affiliated Hospital of Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou 510630, Guangdong, China
| | - Shaoning Luo
- Department of Emergency Medicine, The Third Affiliated Hospital of Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou 510630, Guangdong, China
| | - Chulian Gong
- Department of Anesthesiology, The Third Affiliated Hospital of Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou 510630, Guangdong, China
| | - Limin Liang
- Department of Thoracocardiac Surgery, The Third Affiliated Hospital of Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou 510630, Guangdong, China
| | - Yi Xiao
- Department of Thoracocardiac Surgery, The Third Affiliated Hospital of Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou 510630, Guangdong, China
| | - Mingan Li
- Department of Interventional Radiology, The Third Affiliated Hospital of Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou 510630, Guangdong, China
| | - Jinyuan He
- Department of Thoracocardiac Surgery, The Third Affiliated Hospital of Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou 510630, Guangdong, China
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280
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Jin D, Guo J, Wu Y, Du J, Yang L, Wang X, Di W, Hu B, An J, Kong L, Pan L, Su G. m 6A mRNA methylation initiated by METTL3 directly promotes YAP translation and increases YAP activity by regulating the MALAT1-miR-1914-3p-YAP axis to induce NSCLC drug resistance and metastasis. J Hematol Oncol 2021; 14:32. [PMID: 33618740 PMCID: PMC7901070 DOI: 10.1186/s13045-021-01048-8] [Citation(s) in RCA: 32] [Impact Index Per Article: 10.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/11/2022] Open
Affiliation(s)
- Dan Jin
- grid.452240.5Clinical Medical Laboratory, Binzhou Medical University Hospital, Binzhou, 256603 People’s Republic of China
| | - Jiwei Guo
- Cancer Research Institute, Binzhou Medical University Hospital, Binzhou, 256603, People's Republic of China.
| | - Yan Wu
- grid.452240.5Cancer Research Institute, Binzhou Medical University Hospital, Binzhou, 256603 People’s Republic of China
| | - Jing Du
- grid.452240.5Cancer Research Institute, Binzhou Medical University Hospital, Binzhou, 256603 People’s Republic of China
| | - Lijuan Yang
- grid.452240.5Cancer Research Institute, Binzhou Medical University Hospital, Binzhou, 256603 People’s Republic of China
| | - Xiaohong Wang
- grid.452240.5Department of Thyroid and Breast Surgery, Binzhou Medical University Hospital, Binzhou, 256603 People’s Republic of China
| | - Weihua Di
- grid.452240.5Department of Pain, Binzhou Medical University Hospital, Binzhou, 256603 People’s Republic of China
| | - Baoguang Hu
- grid.452240.5Department of Gastrointestinal Surgery, Binzhou Medical University Hospital, Binzhou, 256603 People’s Republic of China
| | - Jiajia An
- grid.452240.5Department of Clinical Laboratory, Binzhou Medical University Hospital, Binzhou, 256603 People’s Republic of China
| | - Lingqun Kong
- grid.452240.5Department of Hepatobiliary Surgery, Binzhou Medical University Hospital, Binzhou, 256603 People’s Republic of China
| | - Lei Pan
- grid.452240.5Department of Respiratory and Critical Care Medicine, Binzhou Medical University Hospital, Binzhou, 256603 People’s Republic of China
| | - Guoming Su
- Department of Nursing, Binzhou Polytechnic University, Binzhou, 256603 People’s Republic of China
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281
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Li H, Wu H, Wang Q, Ning S, Xu S, Pang D. Dual effects of N 6-methyladenosine on cancer progression and immunotherapy. MOLECULAR THERAPY-NUCLEIC ACIDS 2021; 24:25-39. [PMID: 33738136 PMCID: PMC7933696 DOI: 10.1016/j.omtn.2021.02.001] [Citation(s) in RCA: 17] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/06/2023]
Abstract
According to the latest global cancer statistics, cancer has become a major threat to human health, but cancer treatment has encountered many bottlenecks. As an emerging topic in epigenetics, N6-methyladenosine (m6A) is the most common internal modification on eukaryotic mRNA, which has attracted increasing attention in recent years. Accumulating studies have shown that aberrant m6A modifications have profound effects on the characteristics of tumors, which undoubtedly led to a significant breakthrough in cancer treatment. Although m6A function as an oncogene or tumor suppressor is not fully revealed, determining its precise function in the development and evolution of malignant tumors is crucial in improving clinical decisions involving targeted therapies. In this review, we briefly introduce the composition of the m6A methylation machinery and mainly summarize the biological mechanism of m6A in cancer cell death, angiogenesis, epithelial-mesenchymal transition (EMT), and therapeutic resistance. Subsequently, we present the exogenous regulatory factors of m6A and highlight the role of m6A on immune cells and cancer immunotherapy. The potential therapeutic strategies of m6A in human cancer are also discussed, considering research gaps and future applications.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hui Li
- Harbin Medical University, 157 Baojian Road, Harbin 150086, China.,Department of Breast Surgery, Harbin Medical University Cancer Hospital, 150 Haping Road, Harbin 150081, China.,Heilongjiang Academy of Medical Sciences, 157 Baojian Road, Harbin 150086, China
| | - Hao Wu
- Harbin Medical University, 157 Baojian Road, Harbin 150086, China.,Sino-Russian Medical Research Center, Harbin Medical University Cancer Hospital, 150 Haping Road, Harbin 150081, China.,Heilongjiang Academy of Medical Sciences, 157 Baojian Road, Harbin 150086, China
| | - Qin Wang
- Harbin Medical University, 157 Baojian Road, Harbin 150086, China.,Sino-Russian Medical Research Center, Harbin Medical University Cancer Hospital, 150 Haping Road, Harbin 150081, China.,Heilongjiang Academy of Medical Sciences, 157 Baojian Road, Harbin 150086, China
| | - Shipeng Ning
- Harbin Medical University, 157 Baojian Road, Harbin 150086, China.,Department of Breast Surgery, Harbin Medical University Cancer Hospital, 150 Haping Road, Harbin 150081, China.,Heilongjiang Academy of Medical Sciences, 157 Baojian Road, Harbin 150086, China
| | - Shouping Xu
- Harbin Medical University, 157 Baojian Road, Harbin 150086, China.,Department of Breast Surgery, Harbin Medical University Cancer Hospital, 150 Haping Road, Harbin 150081, China.,Heilongjiang Academy of Medical Sciences, 157 Baojian Road, Harbin 150086, China
| | - Da Pang
- Harbin Medical University, 157 Baojian Road, Harbin 150086, China.,Department of Breast Surgery, Harbin Medical University Cancer Hospital, 150 Haping Road, Harbin 150081, China.,Sino-Russian Medical Research Center, Harbin Medical University Cancer Hospital, 150 Haping Road, Harbin 150081, China.,Heilongjiang Academy of Medical Sciences, 157 Baojian Road, Harbin 150086, China
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282
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Gao F, Wang Q, Zhang C, Zhang C, Qu T, Zhang J, Wei J, Guo R. RNA methyltransferase METTL3 induces intrinsic resistance to gefitinib by combining with MET to regulate PI3K/AKT pathway in lung adenocarcinoma. J Cell Mol Med 2021; 25:2418-2425. [PMID: 33491264 PMCID: PMC7933928 DOI: 10.1111/jcmm.16114] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/02/2020] [Revised: 10/13/2020] [Accepted: 11/04/2020] [Indexed: 12/16/2022] Open
Abstract
Clinical research data show that gefitinib greatly improves the progression‐free survival of patients, so it is used in advanced non‐small cell lung cancer patients with EGFR mutation. However, some patients with EGFR sensitive mutations do not have good effects on initial gefitinib treatment, and this mechanism is rarely studied. METTL3, a part of N6‐adenosine‐methyltransferase, has been reported to play an important role in a variety of tumours. In this study, we found that METTL3 is up‐regulated in gefitinib‐resistant tissues compared to gefitinib‐sensitive tissues. Cell function experiments have proved that under the treatment of gefitinib, METTL3 knockdown promotes apoptosis and inhibits proliferation of lung cancer cells. Mechanistic studies have shown that METTL3 combines with MET and causes the PI3K/AKT signalling pathway to be manipulated, which affects the sensitivity of lung cancer cells to gefitinib. Therefore, our research shows that METTL3 can be used as a molecular marker to predict the efficacy of EGFR‐TKI therapy in patients, and METTL3 may be a potential therapeutic target.
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Affiliation(s)
- Fangyan Gao
- Department of Oncology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing, China
| | - Qianqian Wang
- Department of Oncology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing, China
| | - Chang Zhang
- Department of Epidemiology and Biostatistics, School of Public Health, Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing, China.,Department of Epidemiology and Biostatistics, School of Public Health, Southeast University, Nanjing, China
| | - Chen Zhang
- Department of Oncology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing, China
| | - Tianyu Qu
- Department of Oncology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing, China
| | - Jingya Zhang
- Department of Oncology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing, China
| | - Jifu Wei
- Research Division of Clinical Pharmacology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing, China
| | - Renhua Guo
- Department of Oncology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing, China
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283
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Nombela P, Miguel-López B, Blanco S. The role of m 6A, m 5C and Ψ RNA modifications in cancer: Novel therapeutic opportunities. Mol Cancer 2021; 20:18. [PMID: 33461542 PMCID: PMC7812662 DOI: 10.1186/s12943-020-01263-w] [Citation(s) in RCA: 257] [Impact Index Per Article: 85.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/20/2020] [Accepted: 09/24/2020] [Indexed: 12/12/2022] Open
Abstract
RNA modifications have recently emerged as critical posttranscriptional regulators of gene expression programmes. Significant advances have been made in understanding the functional role of RNA modifications in regulating coding and non-coding RNA processing and function, which in turn thoroughly shape distinct gene expression programmes. They affect diverse biological processes, and the correct deposition of many of these modifications is required for normal development. Alterations of their deposition are implicated in several diseases, including cancer. In this Review, we focus on the occurrence of N6-methyladenosine (m6A), 5-methylcytosine (m5C) and pseudouridine (Ψ) in coding and non-coding RNAs and describe their physiopathological role in cancer. We will highlight the latest insights into the mechanisms of how these posttranscriptional modifications influence tumour development, maintenance, and progression. Finally, we will summarize the latest advances on the development of small molecule inhibitors that target specific writers or erasers to rewind the epitranscriptome of a cancer cell and their therapeutic potential.
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Affiliation(s)
- Paz Nombela
- Centro de Investigación del Cáncer and Instituto de Biología Molecular y Celular del Cáncer, Consejo Superior de Investigaciones Científicas (CSIC) - University of Salamanca, 37007, Salamanca, Spain
| | - Borja Miguel-López
- Centro de Investigación del Cáncer and Instituto de Biología Molecular y Celular del Cáncer, Consejo Superior de Investigaciones Científicas (CSIC) - University of Salamanca, 37007, Salamanca, Spain
| | - Sandra Blanco
- Centro de Investigación del Cáncer and Instituto de Biología Molecular y Celular del Cáncer, Consejo Superior de Investigaciones Científicas (CSIC) - University of Salamanca, 37007, Salamanca, Spain. .,Instituto de Investigación Biomédica de Salamanca (IBSAL), Hospital Universitario de Salamanca, 37007, Salamanca, Spain.
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284
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Xu Y, Jiang E, Shao Z, Shang Z. Long Noncoding RNAs in the Metastasis of Oral Squamous Cell Carcinoma. Front Oncol 2021; 10:616717. [PMID: 33520725 PMCID: PMC7845733 DOI: 10.3389/fonc.2020.616717] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/13/2020] [Accepted: 11/26/2020] [Indexed: 12/13/2022] Open
Abstract
Oral squamous cell carcinoma (OSCC) is a common malignant tumor worldwide. Metastasis is the main cause of the death of OSCC patients. Long noncoding RNAs (lncRNAs), one of the key factors affecting OSCC metastasis, are a subtype of RNA with a length of more than 200 nucleotides that has little or no coding potential. In recent years, the important role played by lncRNAs in biological processes, such as chromatin modification, transcription regulation, RNA stability regulation, and mRNA translation, has been gradually revealed. More and more studies have shown that lncRNAs can regulate the metastasis of various tumors including OSCC at epigenetic, transcriptional, and post-transcriptional levels. In this review, we mainly discussed the role and possible mechanisms of lncRNAs in OSCC metastasis. Most lncRNAs act as oncogenes and only a few lncRNAs have been shown to inhibit OSCC metastasis. Besides, we briefly introduced the research status of cancer-associated fibroblasts-related lncRNAs in OSCC metastasis. Finally, we discussed the research prospects of lncRNAs-mediated crosstalk between OSCC cells and the tumor microenvironment in OSCC metastasis, especially the potential research value of exosomes and lymphangiogenesis. In general, lncRNAs are expected to be used for screening, treatment, and prognosis monitoring of OSCC metastasis, but more work is still required to better understand the biological function of lncRNAs.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yuming Xu
- The State Key Laboratory Breeding Base of Basic Science of Stomatology (Hubei-MOST) & Key Laboratory of Oral Biomedicine Ministry of Education, School & Hospital of Stomatology, Wuhan University, Wuhan, China
| | - Erhui Jiang
- The State Key Laboratory Breeding Base of Basic Science of Stomatology (Hubei-MOST) & Key Laboratory of Oral Biomedicine Ministry of Education, School & Hospital of Stomatology, Wuhan University, Wuhan, China
| | - Zhe Shao
- The State Key Laboratory Breeding Base of Basic Science of Stomatology (Hubei-MOST) & Key Laboratory of Oral Biomedicine Ministry of Education, School & Hospital of Stomatology, Wuhan University, Wuhan, China
| | - Zhengjun Shang
- The State Key Laboratory Breeding Base of Basic Science of Stomatology (Hubei-MOST) & Key Laboratory of Oral Biomedicine Ministry of Education, School & Hospital of Stomatology, Wuhan University, Wuhan, China
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285
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Smith RCL, Kanellos G, Vlahov N, Alexandrou C, Willis AE, Knight JRP, Sansom OJ. Translation initiation in cancer at a glance. J Cell Sci 2021; 134:jcs248476. [PMID: 33441326 DOI: 10.1242/jcs.248476] [Citation(s) in RCA: 21] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/12/2022] Open
Abstract
Cell division, differentiation and function are largely dependent on accurate proteome composition and regulated gene expression. To control this, protein synthesis is an intricate process governed by upstream signalling pathways. Eukaryotic translation is a multistep process and can be separated into four distinct phases: initiation, elongation, termination and recycling of ribosomal subunits. Translation initiation, the focus of this article, is highly regulated to control the activity and/or function of eukaryotic initiation factors (eIFs) and permit recruitment of mRNAs to the ribosomes. In this Cell Science at a Glance and accompanying poster, we outline the mechanisms by which tumour cells alter the process of translation initiation and discuss how this benefits tumour formation, proliferation and metastasis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Rachael C L Smith
- CRUK Beatson Institute, Garscube Estate, Switchback Road, Glasgow G61 1BD, UK
- Institute of Cancer Sciences, University of Glasgow, G61 1QH, UK
| | - Georgios Kanellos
- CRUK Beatson Institute, Garscube Estate, Switchback Road, Glasgow G61 1BD, UK
| | - Nikola Vlahov
- CRUK Beatson Institute, Garscube Estate, Switchback Road, Glasgow G61 1BD, UK
| | | | - Anne E Willis
- MRC Toxicology Unit, University of Cambridge, Cambridge CB2 1QW, UK
| | - John R P Knight
- CRUK Beatson Institute, Garscube Estate, Switchback Road, Glasgow G61 1BD, UK
| | - Owen J Sansom
- CRUK Beatson Institute, Garscube Estate, Switchback Road, Glasgow G61 1BD, UK
- Institute of Cancer Sciences, University of Glasgow, G61 1QH, UK
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286
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Gu J, Zhan Y, Zhuo L, Zhang Q, Li G, Li Q, Qi S, Zhu J, Lv Q, Shen Y, Guo Y, Liu S, Xie T, Sui X. Biological functions of m 6A methyltransferases. Cell Biosci 2021; 11:15. [PMID: 33431045 PMCID: PMC7798219 DOI: 10.1186/s13578-020-00513-0] [Citation(s) in RCA: 30] [Impact Index Per Article: 10.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/10/2020] [Accepted: 12/07/2020] [Indexed: 12/17/2022] Open
Abstract
M6A methyltransferases, acting as a writer in N6-methyladenosine, have attracted wide attention due to their dynamic regulation of life processes. In this review, we first briefly introduce the individual components of m6A methyltransferases and explain their close connections to each other. Then, we concentrate on the extensive biological functions of m6A methyltransferases, which include cell growth, nerve development, osteogenic differentiation, metabolism, cardiovascular system homeostasis, infection and immunity, and tumour progression. We summarize the currently unresolved problems in this research field and propose expectations for m6A methyltransferases as novel targets for preventive and curative strategies for disease treatment in the future.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jianzhong Gu
- College of Pharmacy, School of Medicine, Hangzhou Normal University, Hangzhou, 311121, Zhejiang, China.,Department of Oncology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Zhejiang Chinese Medical University, 54 Youdian Road, Hangzhou, 310006, Zhejiang, China
| | - Yu Zhan
- Department of Oncology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Zhejiang Chinese Medical University, 54 Youdian Road, Hangzhou, 310006, Zhejiang, China
| | - Lvjia Zhuo
- College of Pharmacy, School of Medicine, Hangzhou Normal University, Hangzhou, 311121, Zhejiang, China.,Key Laboratory of Elemene Class Anti-Cancer Chinese Medicines, Engineering Laboratory of Development and Application of Traditional Chinese Medicines, Collaborative Innovation Center of Traditional Chinese Medicines of Zhejiang Province, Hangzhou Normal University, Hangzhou, 311121, Zhejiang, China
| | - Qin Zhang
- College of Pharmacy, School of Medicine, Hangzhou Normal University, Hangzhou, 311121, Zhejiang, China.,Key Laboratory of Elemene Class Anti-Cancer Chinese Medicines, Engineering Laboratory of Development and Application of Traditional Chinese Medicines, Collaborative Innovation Center of Traditional Chinese Medicines of Zhejiang Province, Hangzhou Normal University, Hangzhou, 311121, Zhejiang, China
| | - Guohua Li
- College of Pharmacy, School of Medicine, Hangzhou Normal University, Hangzhou, 311121, Zhejiang, China.,Key Laboratory of Elemene Class Anti-Cancer Chinese Medicines, Engineering Laboratory of Development and Application of Traditional Chinese Medicines, Collaborative Innovation Center of Traditional Chinese Medicines of Zhejiang Province, Hangzhou Normal University, Hangzhou, 311121, Zhejiang, China
| | - Qiujie Li
- College of Pharmacy, School of Medicine, Hangzhou Normal University, Hangzhou, 311121, Zhejiang, China.,Key Laboratory of Elemene Class Anti-Cancer Chinese Medicines, Engineering Laboratory of Development and Application of Traditional Chinese Medicines, Collaborative Innovation Center of Traditional Chinese Medicines of Zhejiang Province, Hangzhou Normal University, Hangzhou, 311121, Zhejiang, China
| | - Shasha Qi
- College of Pharmacy, School of Medicine, Hangzhou Normal University, Hangzhou, 311121, Zhejiang, China.,Key Laboratory of Elemene Class Anti-Cancer Chinese Medicines, Engineering Laboratory of Development and Application of Traditional Chinese Medicines, Collaborative Innovation Center of Traditional Chinese Medicines of Zhejiang Province, Hangzhou Normal University, Hangzhou, 311121, Zhejiang, China
| | - Jinyu Zhu
- College of Pharmacy, School of Medicine, Hangzhou Normal University, Hangzhou, 311121, Zhejiang, China.,Key Laboratory of Elemene Class Anti-Cancer Chinese Medicines, Engineering Laboratory of Development and Application of Traditional Chinese Medicines, Collaborative Innovation Center of Traditional Chinese Medicines of Zhejiang Province, Hangzhou Normal University, Hangzhou, 311121, Zhejiang, China
| | - Qun Lv
- Department of Respiratory medicine, the Affiliated Hospital of Hangzhou Normal University, School of Medicine, Hangzhou Normal University, Hangzhou, 310015, Zhejiang, China
| | - Yingying Shen
- Department of Oncology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Zhejiang Chinese Medical University, 54 Youdian Road, Hangzhou, 310006, Zhejiang, China
| | - Yong Guo
- Department of Oncology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Zhejiang Chinese Medical University, 54 Youdian Road, Hangzhou, 310006, Zhejiang, China
| | - Shuiping Liu
- College of Pharmacy, School of Medicine, Hangzhou Normal University, Hangzhou, 311121, Zhejiang, China. .,Key Laboratory of Elemene Class Anti-Cancer Chinese Medicines, Engineering Laboratory of Development and Application of Traditional Chinese Medicines, Collaborative Innovation Center of Traditional Chinese Medicines of Zhejiang Province, Hangzhou Normal University, Hangzhou, 311121, Zhejiang, China.
| | - Tian Xie
- College of Pharmacy, School of Medicine, Hangzhou Normal University, Hangzhou, 311121, Zhejiang, China. .,Key Laboratory of Elemene Class Anti-Cancer Chinese Medicines, Engineering Laboratory of Development and Application of Traditional Chinese Medicines, Collaborative Innovation Center of Traditional Chinese Medicines of Zhejiang Province, Hangzhou Normal University, Hangzhou, 311121, Zhejiang, China.
| | - Xinbing Sui
- College of Pharmacy, School of Medicine, Hangzhou Normal University, Hangzhou, 311121, Zhejiang, China. .,Key Laboratory of Elemene Class Anti-Cancer Chinese Medicines, Engineering Laboratory of Development and Application of Traditional Chinese Medicines, Collaborative Innovation Center of Traditional Chinese Medicines of Zhejiang Province, Hangzhou Normal University, Hangzhou, 311121, Zhejiang, China.
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287
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Liu XM, Zhou J. Multifaceted regulation of translation by the epitranscriptomic modification N 6-methyladenosine. Crit Rev Biochem Mol Biol 2021; 56:137-148. [PMID: 33412937 DOI: 10.1080/10409238.2020.1869174] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/17/2022]
Abstract
Translation occurring on cytoplasmic mRNA is precisely governed at three consecutive stages, including initiation, elongation and termination. A growing body of evidence has revealed that an emerging epitranscriptomic code N6-methyladenosine (m6A), asymmetrically present in a large subset of coding and non-coding transcripts, is crucially required for mediating the translatomic stability. Through recruiting translation machinery proteins, serving as a physical barrier, or directing RNA structural rearrangement and mRNA looping formation, m6A has been decoded to modulate translational dynamics through potentially influencing the progress of different stages, thereby forming an additional layer of complexity to the regulation of translation. In this review, we summarize the current understanding of how m6A guides mRNA translation under normal and stress conditions, highlighting the divergent molecular mechanisms of multifarious regulation of m6A-mediated translation.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xiao-Min Liu
- School of Life Science and Technology, China Pharmaceutical University, Nanjing, China
| | - Jun Zhou
- School of Life Science and Technology, China Pharmaceutical University, Nanjing, China.,State Key Laboratory of Natural Medicines, China Pharmaceutical University, Nanjing, China
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288
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Pan X, Hong X, Li S, Meng P, Xiao F. METTL3 promotes adriamycin resistance in MCF-7 breast cancer cells by accelerating pri-microRNA-221-3p maturation in a m6A-dependent manner. Exp Mol Med 2021; 53:91-102. [PMID: 33420414 PMCID: PMC8080609 DOI: 10.1038/s12276-020-00510-w] [Citation(s) in RCA: 80] [Impact Index Per Article: 26.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/24/2020] [Revised: 07/14/2020] [Accepted: 08/10/2020] [Indexed: 01/29/2023] Open
Abstract
Breast cancer (BC) is the most prevalent malignant neoplasm among women and is the fifth most common cause of cancer-associated death worldwide. Acquired chemoresistance driven by genetic and epigenetic alterations is a significant clinical challenge in treating BC. However, the mechanism of BC cell resistance to adriamycin (ADR) remains to be elucidated. In this study, we identified the methyltransferase-like 3/microRNA-221-3p/homeodomain-interacting protein kinase 2/Che-1 (METTL3/miR-221-3p/HIPK2/Che-1) axis as a novel signaling event that may be responsible for resistance of BC cells to ADR. A dual-luciferase reporter gene assay was employed to test the presence of miR-221-3p binding sites in the 3'UTR of HIPK2. Drug resistance was evaluated by immunoblotting multidrug resistance protein 1 (MDR1) and breast cancer resistance protein (BCRP). Cultured ADR-resistant MCF-7 cells were assayed for their half maximal inhibitory concentration (IC50) values and apoptosis using an MTT assay and Annexin V-FITC/PI-labeled flow cytometry, and the cells were then xenografted into nude mice. METTL3 knockdown was shown to reduce the expression of miR-221-3p by reducing pri-miR-221-3p m6A mRNA methylation, thereby reducing the IC50 value of ADR-resistant MCF-7 cells, reducing the expression of MDR1 and BCRP, and inducing apoptosis. Mechanistically, miR-221-3p was demonstrated to negatively regulate HIPK2 and upregulate its direct target Che-1, thus leading to enhanced drug resistance in ADR-resistant MCF-7 cells. In vitro results were reproduced in nude mice xenografted with ADR-resistant MCF-7 cells. Our work elucidates an epigenetic mechanism of acquired chemoresistance in BC, in support of the METTL3/miR-221-3p/HIPK2/Che-1 axis as a therapeutic target for the improvement of chemotherapy.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xiaoping Pan
- grid.284723.80000 0000 8877 7471Clinical Laboratory, Huadu Hospital, Southern Medical University, 510800 Guangzhou, P. R. China
| | - Xiaolv Hong
- grid.284723.80000 0000 8877 7471Department of Infectious Disease, Huadu Hospital, Southern Medical University, 510800 Guangzhou, P. R. China
| | - Sumei Li
- grid.284723.80000 0000 8877 7471Clinical Laboratory, Huadu Hospital, Southern Medical University, 510800 Guangzhou, P. R. China
| | - Ping Meng
- grid.284723.80000 0000 8877 7471Central Laboratory, Huadu Hospital, Southern Medical University, 510800 Guangzhou, P. R. China
| | - Feng Xiao
- grid.284723.80000 0000 8877 7471Clinical Laboratory, Huadu Hospital, Southern Medical University, 510800 Guangzhou, P. R. China
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289
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Goyal B, Yadav SRM, Awasthee N, Gupta S, Kunnumakkara AB, Gupta SC. Diagnostic, prognostic, and therapeutic significance of long non-coding RNA MALAT1 in cancer. Biochim Biophys Acta Rev Cancer 2021; 1875:188502. [PMID: 33428963 DOI: 10.1016/j.bbcan.2021.188502] [Citation(s) in RCA: 165] [Impact Index Per Article: 55.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/05/2020] [Revised: 12/30/2020] [Accepted: 01/02/2021] [Indexed: 12/20/2022]
Abstract
Metastasis Associated Lung Adenocarcinoma Transcript 1 (MALAT1) is a widely studied lncRNA in cancer. Although dispensable for normal physiology, MALAT1 is important for cancer-related pathways regulation. It is localized in the nuclear speckles periphery along with centrally located pre-RNA splicing factors. MALAT1 associated cancer signaling pathways include MAPK/ERK, PI3K/AKT, β-catenin/Wnt, Hippo, VEGF, YAP, etc. Molecular tools such as immunoprecipitation, RNA pull-down, reporter assay, Northern blotting, microarray, and q-RT-PCR has been used to elucidate MALAT1's function in cancer pathogenesis. MALAT1 can regulate multiple steps in the development of tumours. The diagnostic and prognostic significance of MALAT1 has been demonstrated in cancers of the breast, cervix, colorectum, gallbladder, lung, ovary, pancreas, prostate, glioma, hepatocellular carcinoma, and multiple myeloma. MALAT1 has also emerged as a novel therapeutic target for solid as well as hematological malignancies. In experimental models, siRNA and antisense oligonucleotide (ASO) based strategy has been used for targeting MALAT1. The lncRNA has also been targeted for the chemosensitization and radiosensitization of cancer cells. However, most studies have been performed in preclinical models. How the cross-talk of MALAT1 with other signaling pathways affect cancer pathogenesis is the focus of this article. The diagnostic, prognostic, and therapeutic significance of MALAT1 in multiple cancer types are discussed.
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Affiliation(s)
- Bela Goyal
- Department of Biochemistry, All India Institute of Medical Sciences, Rishikesh, Uttarakhand, India
| | - Shashi Ranjan Mani Yadav
- Department of Biochemistry, All India Institute of Medical Sciences, Rishikesh, Uttarakhand, India
| | - Nikee Awasthee
- Department of Biochemistry, Institute of Science, Banaras Hindu University, Varanasi 221005, India
| | - Sweety Gupta
- Department of Radiation Oncology, All India Institute of Medical Sciences, Rishikesh, Uttarakhand, India
| | - Ajaikumar B Kunnumakkara
- Department of Biosciences and Bioengineering, Indian Institute of Technology Guwahati, 781039, India
| | - Subash Chandra Gupta
- Department of Biochemistry, Institute of Science, Banaras Hindu University, Varanasi 221005, India.
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290
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Pan XY, Huang C, Li J. The emerging roles of m 6A modification in liver carcinogenesis. Int J Biol Sci 2021; 17:271-284. [PMID: 33390849 PMCID: PMC7757034 DOI: 10.7150/ijbs.50003] [Citation(s) in RCA: 24] [Impact Index Per Article: 8.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/27/2020] [Accepted: 11/16/2020] [Indexed: 12/11/2022] Open
Abstract
The 'epitranscriptome', a collective term for chemical modifications that influence the structure, metabolism, and functions of RNA, has recently emerged as vitally important for the regulation of gene expression. N6-methyladenosine (m6A), the most prevalent mammalian mRNA internal modification, has been demonstrated to have a pivotal role in almost all vital bioprocesses, such as stem cell self-renewal and differentiation, heat shock or DNA damage response, tissue development, and maternal-to-zygotic transition. Hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC) is prevalent worldwide with high morbidity and mortality because of late diagnosis at an advanced stage and lack of effective treatment strategies. Epigenetic modifications including DNA methylation and histone modification have been demonstrated to be crucial for liver carcinogenesis. However, the role and underlying molecular mechanism of m6A in liver carcinogenesis are mostly unknown. In this review, we summarize recent advances in the m6A region and how these new findings remodel our understanding of m6A regulation of gene expression. We also describe the influence of m6A modification on liver carcinoma and lipid metabolism to instigate further investigations of the role of m6A in liver biological diseases and its potential application in the development of therapeutic strategies.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xue-Yin Pan
- Inflammation and Immune Mediated Diseases Laboratory of Anhui Province, Anhui Institute of Innovative Drugs, School of Pharmacy, Anhui Medical University, Hefei, 230032, China.,The Key Laboratory of Anti-inflammatory of Immune Medicines, Ministry of Education.,Institute for Liver Diseases of Anhui Medical University
| | - Cheng Huang
- Inflammation and Immune Mediated Diseases Laboratory of Anhui Province, Anhui Institute of Innovative Drugs, School of Pharmacy, Anhui Medical University, Hefei, 230032, China.,The Key Laboratory of Anti-inflammatory of Immune Medicines, Ministry of Education.,Institute for Liver Diseases of Anhui Medical University
| | - Jun Li
- Inflammation and Immune Mediated Diseases Laboratory of Anhui Province, Anhui Institute of Innovative Drugs, School of Pharmacy, Anhui Medical University, Hefei, 230032, China.,The Key Laboratory of Anti-inflammatory of Immune Medicines, Ministry of Education.,Institute for Liver Diseases of Anhui Medical University
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291
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Xie S, Chen W, Chen K, Chang Y, Yang F, Lin A, Shu Q, Zhou T, Yan X. Emerging roles of RNA methylation in gastrointestinal cancers. Cancer Cell Int 2020; 20:585. [PMID: 33372610 PMCID: PMC7720447 DOI: 10.1186/s12935-020-01679-w] [Citation(s) in RCA: 58] [Impact Index Per Article: 14.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/08/2020] [Accepted: 11/26/2020] [Indexed: 12/15/2022] Open
Abstract
RNA methylation has emerged as a fundamental process in epigenetic regulation. Accumulating evidences indicate that RNA methylation is essential for many biological functions, and its dysregulation is associated with human cancer progression, particularly in gastrointestinal cancers. RNA methylation has a variety of biological properties, including N6-methyladenosine (m6A), 2-O-dimethyladenosine (m6Am), N1-methyladenosine (m1A), 5-methylcytosine (m5C) and 7-methyl guanosine (m7G). Dynamic and reversible methylation on RNA is mediated by RNA modifying proteins called "writers" (methyltransferases) and "erasers" (demethylases). "Readers" (modified RNA binding proteins) recognize and bind to RNA methylation sites, which influence the splicing, stability or translation of modified RNAs. Herein, we summarize the biological functions and mechanisms of these well-known RNA methylations, especially focusing on the roles of m6A in gastrointestinal cancer development.
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Affiliation(s)
- Shanshan Xie
- The Children's Hospital, Zhejiang University School of Medicine, Hangzhou, 310052, China.,Department of Cell Biology, Zhejiang University School of Medicine, Hangzhou, 310058, China
| | - Wenwen Chen
- Department of Cell Biology, Zhejiang University School of Medicine, Hangzhou, 310058, China
| | - Kanghua Chen
- Department of Cell Biology, Zhejiang University School of Medicine, Hangzhou, 310058, China
| | - Yongxia Chang
- Department of Cell Biology, Zhejiang University School of Medicine, Hangzhou, 310058, China
| | - Feng Yang
- Department of Cell Biology, Zhejiang University School of Medicine, Hangzhou, 310058, China
| | - Aifu Lin
- MOE Laboratory of Biosystem Homeostasis and Protection, College of Life Sciences, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, 310058, China
| | - Qiang Shu
- The Children's Hospital, Zhejiang University School of Medicine, Hangzhou, 310052, China
| | - Tianhua Zhou
- Department of Cell Biology, Zhejiang University School of Medicine, Hangzhou, 310058, China. .,Department of Molecular Genetics, University of Toronto, Toronto, ON, Canada.
| | - Xiaoyi Yan
- Department of Cell Biology, Zhejiang University School of Medicine, Hangzhou, 310058, China.
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292
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Zhou J, Xiao D, Qiu T, Li J, Liu Z. Loading MicroRNA-376c in Extracellular Vesicles Inhibits Properties of Non-Small Cell Lung Cancer Cells by Targeting YTHDF1. Technol Cancer Res Treat 2020; 19:1533033820977525. [PMID: 33280517 PMCID: PMC7724269 DOI: 10.1177/1533033820977525] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/13/2022] Open
Abstract
Objective: Extracellular vesicles (Evs) secreted from cells have been revealed to
mediate signal transduction between cells. Nevertheless, the mechanisms
through which molecules transported by EVs function remain to be elucidated.
In the present study, the functional relevance of endothelial cells
(ECs)-secreted Evs carrying microRNA-376c (miR-376c) in the biological
activities of non-small cell lung cancer (NSCLC) cells was investigated,
including the related mechanisms. Methods: Two cell lines with the highest YTH N6-methyladenosine (m6A) RNA binding
protein 1 (YTHDF1) expression were selected for subsequent experiments.
Cellular proliferation, migration, invasion and apoptosis were measured by
EdU, wound healing, Transwell assays and flow cytometry, respectively. The
binding relationship between miR-376c and YTHDF1 was analyzed by
dual-luciferase reporter assays. The miR-376c, YTHDF1 and β-catenin
expression was evaluated by qPCR assays and western blot assays. Results: The expression patterns of YTHDF1 were higher in NSCLC cells, whereas
miR-376c was reduced versus the normal bronchial epithelial cells. Silencing
of YTHDF1 repressed NSCLC cell proliferation, invasion and migration
abilities, whereas enhanced apoptosis. miR-376c negatively modulated YTHDF1
expression. Under co-culture conditions, ECs transmitted miR-376c into NSCLC
cells through Evs, and inhibited the intracellular YTHDF1 expression and the
Wnt/β-catenin pathway activation. Rescue experiments revealed that YTHDF1
overexpression reversed the inhibitory role of miR-376c released by EC-Evs
in NSCLC cells. Conclusion: EC-delivered Evs inhibit YTHDF1 expression and the Wnt/β-catenin pathway
induction via miR-376c overexpression, thus inhibiting the malignant
phenotypes of NSCLC cells.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jianying Zhou
- Department of Thoracic Oncology, Jiangxi Cancer Hospital, Nanchang,
Jiangxi, People’s Republic of China
| | - Dan Xiao
- Department of Thoracic Oncology, Jiangxi Cancer Hospital, Nanchang,
Jiangxi, People’s Republic of China
| | - Tingting Qiu
- Department of Thoracic Oncology, Jiangxi Cancer Hospital, Nanchang,
Jiangxi, People’s Republic of China
| | - Jun Li
- Department of Thoracic Oncology, Jiangxi Cancer Hospital, Nanchang,
Jiangxi, People’s Republic of China
| | - Zhentian Liu
- Department of Thoracic Oncology, Jiangxi Cancer Hospital, Nanchang,
Jiangxi, People’s Republic of China
- Zhentian Liu, Department of Thoracic
Oncology, Jiangxi Cancer Hospital, No. 519, East Beijing Road, Qingshanhu
District, Nanchang 330029, Jiangxi, People’s Republic of China.
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293
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Surmounting cancer drug resistance: New insights from the perspective of N6-methyladenosine RNA modification. Drug Resist Updat 2020; 53:100720. [DOI: 10.1016/j.drup.2020.100720] [Citation(s) in RCA: 62] [Impact Index Per Article: 15.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/25/2020] [Revised: 08/10/2020] [Accepted: 08/14/2020] [Indexed: 02/07/2023]
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294
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Pan H, Li X, Chen C, Fan Y, Zhou Q. [Research Advances of m⁶A RNA Methylation in Non-small Cell Lung Cancer]. ZHONGGUO FEI AI ZA ZHI = CHINESE JOURNAL OF LUNG CANCER 2020; 23:961-969. [PMID: 33203198 PMCID: PMC7679222 DOI: 10.3779/j.issn.1009-3419.2020.102.35] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Download PDF] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/05/2023]
Abstract
m6A修饰是真核生物mRNA中最丰富的修饰之一,该过程受m6A甲基转移酶和去甲基化酶的共同调控。m6A修饰后的RNA能够被m6A识别蛋白特异性识别并结合,进而介导RNA的剪接、成熟、出核、降解和翻译等。目前国内外对于m6A修饰及其相关蛋白如何参与非小细胞肺癌发生发展的研究,主要集中于细胞恶性增殖、迁移、侵袭、转移和耐药等方面。m6A修饰相关蛋白在肺癌组织标本和血液循环肿瘤细胞(circulating tumor cell, CTC)中表达异常,有望成为肺癌诊断和预后判断的潜在分子标志物。本文围绕m6A修饰相关蛋白的组成、作用方式、在非小细胞肺癌恶性进展中的生物学功能,以及针对m6A修饰的靶向治疗等方面的研究进展进行综述,旨在为非小细胞肺癌的早期临床诊断和靶向药物的开发提供新思路。
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Affiliation(s)
- Hongli Pan
- Tianjin Key Laboratory of Lung Cancer Metastasis and Tumor Microenvironment, Tianjin Lung Cancer Institute,
Tianjin Medical University General Hospital, Tianjin 300052, China
| | - Xuebing Li
- Tianjin Key Laboratory of Lung Cancer Metastasis and Tumor Microenvironment, Tianjin Lung Cancer Institute,
Tianjin Medical University General Hospital, Tianjin 300052, China
| | - Chen Chen
- Tianjin Key Laboratory of Lung Cancer Metastasis and Tumor Microenvironment, Tianjin Lung Cancer Institute,
Tianjin Medical University General Hospital, Tianjin 300052, China
| | - Yaguang Fan
- Tianjin Key Laboratory of Lung Cancer Metastasis and Tumor Microenvironment, Tianjin Lung Cancer Institute,
Tianjin Medical University General Hospital, Tianjin 300052, China
| | - Qinghua Zhou
- Tianjin Key Laboratory of Lung Cancer Metastasis and Tumor Microenvironment, Tianjin Lung Cancer Institute,
Tianjin Medical University General Hospital, Tianjin 300052, China.,Lung Cancer Center, West China Hospital, Sichuan University, Chengdu 610041, China
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295
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Yang X, Hu X, Liu J, Wang R, Zhang C, Han F, Chen Y, Ma D. N6-methyladenine modification in noncoding RNAs and its function in cancer. Biomark Res 2020; 8:61. [PMID: 33292652 PMCID: PMC7653994 DOI: 10.1186/s40364-020-00244-x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/09/2020] [Accepted: 10/29/2020] [Indexed: 02/07/2023] Open
Abstract
Non-coding RNAs are the main component of the extensive transcription results of the mammalian genome. They are not transcribed into proteins but play critical roles in regulating multiple biological processes and affecting cancer progression. m6A modification is one of the most abundant internal RNA modification of mammalian cells, and it involves almost all aspects of RNA metabolism. Recent research revealed tight correlations between m6A modification and ncRNAs and indicated the interaction between m6A and ncRNAs act a pivotal part in the development of cancer. The correlation between m6A modification and ncRNAs provides a new perspective for exploring the potential regulatory mechanism of tumor gene expression, and suggest that m6A modification and ncRNAs may be important prognostic markers and therapeutic targets for multiple cancers. In this review, we summarize the potential regulatory mechanisms between m6A methylation and ncRNAs, highlighting how their relationship affects biological functions in cancer.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xinyu Yang
- Department of Hematology, Qilu Hospital of Shandong University, Jinan, Shandong, P.R. China.,Shandong Provincial Key Laboratory of Immunohematology, Qilu Hospital of Shandong University, Jinan, Shandong, P.R. China
| | - Xiang Hu
- Department of Hematology, Qilu Hospital of Shandong University, Jinan, Shandong, P.R. China.,Shandong Provincial Key Laboratory of Immunohematology, Qilu Hospital of Shandong University, Jinan, Shandong, P.R. China
| | - Jinting Liu
- Department of Hematology, Qilu Hospital of Shandong University, Jinan, Shandong, P.R. China.,Shandong Provincial Key Laboratory of Immunohematology, Qilu Hospital of Shandong University, Jinan, Shandong, P.R. China
| | - Ruiqing Wang
- Department of Hematology, Qilu Hospital of Shandong University, Jinan, Shandong, P.R. China.,Shandong Provincial Key Laboratory of Immunohematology, Qilu Hospital of Shandong University, Jinan, Shandong, P.R. China
| | - Chen Zhang
- Department of Hematology, Qilu Hospital of Shandong University, Jinan, Shandong, P.R. China.,Shandong Provincial Key Laboratory of Immunohematology, Qilu Hospital of Shandong University, Jinan, Shandong, P.R. China
| | - Fengjiao Han
- Department of Hematology, Qilu Hospital of Shandong University, Jinan, Shandong, P.R. China.,Shandong Provincial Key Laboratory of Immunohematology, Qilu Hospital of Shandong University, Jinan, Shandong, P.R. China
| | - Yuhong Chen
- Department of Hematology, Qilu Hospital of Shandong University, Jinan, Shandong, P.R. China.,Shandong Provincial Key Laboratory of Immunohematology, Qilu Hospital of Shandong University, Jinan, Shandong, P.R. China
| | - Daoxin Ma
- Department of Hematology, Qilu Hospital of Shandong University, Jinan, Shandong, P.R. China. .,Shandong Provincial Key Laboratory of Immunohematology, Qilu Hospital of Shandong University, Jinan, Shandong, P.R. China.
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296
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Li T, Zhuang Y, Yang W, Xie Y, Shang W, Su S, Dong X, Wu J, Jiang W, Zhou Y, Li Y, Zhou X, Zhang M, Lu Y, Pan Z. Silencing of METTL3 attenuates cardiac fibrosis induced by myocardial infarction via inhibiting the activation of cardiac fibroblasts. FASEB J 2020; 35:e21162. [PMID: 33150686 DOI: 10.1096/fj.201903169r] [Citation(s) in RCA: 41] [Impact Index Per Article: 10.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/18/2019] [Revised: 10/06/2020] [Accepted: 10/20/2020] [Indexed: 11/11/2022]
Abstract
Cardiac fibrosis is characterized by the activation of cardiac fibroblasts and accumulation of extracellular matrix. METTL3, a component of methyltransferase complex, participates in multiple biological processes associated with mammalian development and disease progression. However, the role of METTL3 in cardiac fibrosis is still unknown. We performed fibroblasts activation with TGF-β1 (20 ng/mL) in vitro and established in vivo mouse models with lentivirus to assess the effects of METTL3 on cardiac fibroblasts proliferation and collagen formation. Methylated RNA immunoprecipitation (MeRIP) was used to define the potential fibrosis-regulated gene. The expression level of METTL3 was increased in cardiac fibrotic tissue of mice with chronic myocardial infarction and cultured cardiac fibroblats (CFs) treated with TGF-β1. Enforced expression of METTL3 promoted proliferation and fibroblast-to-myofibroblast transition and collagens accumulation, while silence of METTL3 did the opposite. Silence of METTL3 by lentivirus carrying METTL3 siRNA markedly alleviated cardiac fibrosis in MI mice. Transcriptome and N6-methyladenosine (m6 A) profiling analyses revealed that the expression and m6 A level of collagen-related genes were altered after silence of METTL3. METTL3-mediated m6 A modification is critical for the development of cardiac fibrosis, providing a molecular target for manipulating fibrosis and the associated cardiac diseases.
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Affiliation(s)
- Tingting Li
- Department of Pharmacology (the State-Province Key Laboratories of Biomedicine-Pharmaceutics of China, Key Laboratory of Cardiovascular Research, Ministry of Education), College of Pharmacy, Harbin Medical University, Harbin, P.R. China
| | - Yuting Zhuang
- Department of Pharmacology (the State-Province Key Laboratories of Biomedicine-Pharmaceutics of China, Key Laboratory of Cardiovascular Research, Ministry of Education), College of Pharmacy, Harbin Medical University, Harbin, P.R. China
| | - Wanqi Yang
- Department of Pharmacology (the State-Province Key Laboratories of Biomedicine-Pharmaceutics of China, Key Laboratory of Cardiovascular Research, Ministry of Education), College of Pharmacy, Harbin Medical University, Harbin, P.R. China
| | - Yilin Xie
- Department of Pharmacology (the State-Province Key Laboratories of Biomedicine-Pharmaceutics of China, Key Laboratory of Cardiovascular Research, Ministry of Education), College of Pharmacy, Harbin Medical University, Harbin, P.R. China
| | - Wendi Shang
- Department of Pharmacology (the State-Province Key Laboratories of Biomedicine-Pharmaceutics of China, Key Laboratory of Cardiovascular Research, Ministry of Education), College of Pharmacy, Harbin Medical University, Harbin, P.R. China
| | - Shuang Su
- Department of Pharmacology (the State-Province Key Laboratories of Biomedicine-Pharmaceutics of China, Key Laboratory of Cardiovascular Research, Ministry of Education), College of Pharmacy, Harbin Medical University, Harbin, P.R. China
| | - Xue Dong
- Department of Pharmacology (the State-Province Key Laboratories of Biomedicine-Pharmaceutics of China, Key Laboratory of Cardiovascular Research, Ministry of Education), College of Pharmacy, Harbin Medical University, Harbin, P.R. China
| | - Jiaxu Wu
- Department of Pharmacology (the State-Province Key Laboratories of Biomedicine-Pharmaceutics of China, Key Laboratory of Cardiovascular Research, Ministry of Education), College of Pharmacy, Harbin Medical University, Harbin, P.R. China
| | - Wenmei Jiang
- Department of Pharmacology (the State-Province Key Laboratories of Biomedicine-Pharmaceutics of China, Key Laboratory of Cardiovascular Research, Ministry of Education), College of Pharmacy, Harbin Medical University, Harbin, P.R. China
| | - Yang Zhou
- Department of Pharmacology (the State-Province Key Laboratories of Biomedicine-Pharmaceutics of China, Key Laboratory of Cardiovascular Research, Ministry of Education), College of Pharmacy, Harbin Medical University, Harbin, P.R. China
| | - Ying Li
- Department of Pharmacology (the State-Province Key Laboratories of Biomedicine-Pharmaceutics of China, Key Laboratory of Cardiovascular Research, Ministry of Education), College of Pharmacy, Harbin Medical University, Harbin, P.R. China
| | - Xin Zhou
- key laboratory of Myocardial Ischemia, Ministry of Education, Harbin Medical University, Harbin, P.R. China
| | - Mingyu Zhang
- Department of Pharmacology (the State-Province Key Laboratories of Biomedicine-Pharmaceutics of China, Key Laboratory of Cardiovascular Research, Ministry of Education), College of Pharmacy, Harbin Medical University, Harbin, P.R. China
| | - Yanjie Lu
- Department of Pharmacology (the State-Province Key Laboratories of Biomedicine-Pharmaceutics of China, Key Laboratory of Cardiovascular Research, Ministry of Education), College of Pharmacy, Harbin Medical University, Harbin, P.R. China.,Northern Translational Medicine Research and Cooperation Center, Heilongjiang Academy of Medical Sciences, Harbin Medical University, Harbin, P.R. China
| | - Zhenwei Pan
- Department of Pharmacology (the State-Province Key Laboratories of Biomedicine-Pharmaceutics of China, Key Laboratory of Cardiovascular Research, Ministry of Education), College of Pharmacy, Harbin Medical University, Harbin, P.R. China
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297
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Gu C, Shi X, Dai C, Shen F, Rocco G, Chen J, Huang Z, Chen C, He C, Huang T, Chen C. RNA m 6A Modification in Cancers: Molecular Mechanisms and Potential Clinical Applications. Innovation (N Y) 2020; 1:100066. [PMID: 34557726 PMCID: PMC8454620 DOI: 10.1016/j.xinn.2020.100066] [Citation(s) in RCA: 63] [Impact Index Per Article: 15.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/07/2023] Open
Abstract
N6-Methyladenosine (m6A) RNA modification brings a new dawn for RNA modification researches in recent years. This posttranscriptional RNA modification is dynamic and reversible, and is regulated by methylases ("writers"), demethylases ("erasers"), and proteins that preferentially recognize m6A modifications ("readers"). The change of RNA m6A modification regulates RNA metabolism in eucaryon, including translation, splicing, exporting, decay, and processing. Thereby the dysregulation of m6A may lead to tumorigenesis and progression. Given the tumorigenic role of abnormal m6A expression, m6A regulators may function as potential clinical therapeutic targets for cancers. In this review, we emphasize on the underlying mechanisms of m6A modifications in tumorigenesis and further introduce the potential m6A regulators-associated therapeutic targets for tumor therapy.
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Affiliation(s)
- Chang Gu
- Department of Thoracic Surgery, Shanghai Pulmonary Hospital, Tongji University School of Medicine, Shanghai 200433, China
| | - Xin Shi
- Department of Cardiology, Shanghai Chest Hospital, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, Shanghai 200030, China
| | - Chenyang Dai
- Department of Thoracic Surgery, Shanghai Pulmonary Hospital, Tongji University School of Medicine, Shanghai 200433, China
| | - Feng Shen
- School of Biomedical Engineering, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, Shanghai 200030, China
| | - Gaetano Rocco
- Thoracic Service, Department of Surgery, Memorial Sloan Kettering Cancer Center, New York, NY 10065, USA,Druckenmiller Center for Lung Cancer Research, Memorial Sloan Kettering Cancer Center, New York, NY 10065, USA
| | - Jiafei Chen
- Department of Thoracic Surgery, Shanghai Pulmonary Hospital, Tongji University School of Medicine, Shanghai 200433, China
| | - Zhengyu Huang
- Department of Colorectal and Anal Surgery, Xinhua Hospital, Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, Shanghai 200092, China
| | - Chunji Chen
- Department of Thoracic Surgery, Shanghai Chest Hospital, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, Shanghai, China
| | - Chuan He
- Department of Chemistry and Institute for Biophysical Dynamics, The University of Chicago, Chicago, IL, USA,Howard Hughes Medical Institute, The University of Chicago, Chicago, IL, USA,Medical Scientist Training Program/Committee on Cancer Biology, The University of Chicago, Chicago, IL, USA,Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, The University of Chicago, Chicago, IL, USA,Corresponding author
| | - Tao Huang
- Shanghai Institute of Nutrition and Health, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Shanghai, China,Corresponding author
| | - Chang Chen
- Department of Thoracic Surgery, Shanghai Pulmonary Hospital, Tongji University School of Medicine, Shanghai 200433, China,Corresponding author
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298
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RNA methylations in human cancers. Semin Cancer Biol 2020; 75:97-115. [DOI: 10.1016/j.semcancer.2020.11.007] [Citation(s) in RCA: 36] [Impact Index Per Article: 9.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/13/2020] [Revised: 10/23/2020] [Accepted: 11/08/2020] [Indexed: 12/24/2022]
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299
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Ma Z, Gao X, Shuai Y, Xing X, Ji J. The m6A epitranscriptome opens a new charter in immune system logic. Epigenetics 2020; 16:819-837. [PMID: 33070685 DOI: 10.1080/15592294.2020.1827722] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/17/2022] Open
Abstract
N6-methyladenosine (m6A), the most prevalent RNA internal modification, is present in most eukaryotic species and prokaryotes. Studies have highlighted an intricate network architecture by which m6A epitranscriptome impacts on immune response and function. However, it was only until recently that the mechanisms underlying the involvement of m6A modification in immune system were uncovered. Here, we systematically review the m6A involvement in the regulation of innate and adaptive immune cells. Further, the interplay between m6A modification and anti-inflammatory, anti-viral and anti-tumour immunity is also comprehensively summarized. Finally, we focus on the future prospects of m6A modification in immune modulation. A better understanding of the crosstalk between m6A modification and immune system is of great significance to reveal new pathogenic pathways and to develop promising therapeutic targets of diseases.
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Affiliation(s)
- Zhonghua Ma
- Key Laboratory of Carcinogenesis and Translational Research (Ministry of Education), Division of Gastrointestinal Cancer Translational Research Laboratory, Peking University Cancer Hospital and Institute, Beijing, China
| | - Xiangyu Gao
- Key Laboratory of Carcinogenesis and Translational Research (Ministry of Education), Division of Gastrointestinal Cancer Translational Research Laboratory, Peking University Cancer Hospital and Institute, Beijing, China
| | - You Shuai
- Department of Medical Oncology, Jiangsu Cancer Hospital, Jiangsu Institute of Cancer Research, the Affiliated Cancer Hospital of Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing, China
| | - Xiaofang Xing
- Key Laboratory of Carcinogenesis and Translational Research (Ministry of Education), Division of Gastrointestinal Cancer Translational Research Laboratory, Peking University Cancer Hospital and Institute, Beijing, China
| | - Jiafu Ji
- Key Laboratory of Carcinogenesis and Translational Research (Ministry of Education), Division of Gastrointestinal Cancer Translational Research Laboratory, Peking University Cancer Hospital and Institute, Beijing, China
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300
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Xu Z, Peng B, Cai Y, Wu G, Huang J, Gao M, Guo G, Zeng S, Gong Z, Yan Y. N6-methyladenosine RNA modification in cancer therapeutic resistance: Current status and perspectives. Biochem Pharmacol 2020; 182:114258. [PMID: 33017575 DOI: 10.1016/j.bcp.2020.114258] [Citation(s) in RCA: 38] [Impact Index Per Article: 9.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/09/2020] [Revised: 09/25/2020] [Accepted: 09/29/2020] [Indexed: 02/05/2023]
Abstract
Several strategies, including chemotherapy and radiotherapy, have improved therapeutic outcomes among cancer patients in clinical practice. However, due to their heterogeneity, cancer cells frequently display primary or acquired therapeutic resistance, thereby resulting in treatment failure. The mechanisms underlying cancer therapeutic resistance are complex and varied. Among them, N6-methyladenosine (m6A) RNA modification has gained increasing attention as a potential determinant of therapy resistance within various cancers. In this review, we primarily describe evidence for the effect of the m6A epitranscriptome on RNA homeostasis modulation, which has been shown to alter multiple cellular pathways in cancer research and treatment. Additionally, we discuss the profiles and biological implications of m6A RNA methylation, which is undergoing intensive investigation for its effect on the control of therapeutic resistance.
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Affiliation(s)
- Zhijie Xu
- Department of Pathology, Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, Changsha 410008, Hunan, China; Department of Oncology, Mayo Clinic, Rochester, MN 55905, USA
| | - Bi Peng
- Department of Pathology, Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, Changsha 410008, Hunan, China
| | - Yuan Cai
- Department of Pathology, Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, Changsha 410008, Hunan, China
| | - Geting Wu
- Department of Pathology, Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, Changsha 410008, Hunan, China
| | - Jinzhou Huang
- Department of Oncology, Mayo Clinic, Rochester, MN 55905, USA
| | - Ming Gao
- Department of Oncology, Mayo Clinic, Rochester, MN 55905, USA
| | - Guijie Guo
- Department of Oncology, Mayo Clinic, Rochester, MN 55905, USA
| | - Shuangshuang Zeng
- Department of Pharmacy, Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, Changsha 410008, Hunan, China; National Clinical Research Center for Geriatric Disorders, Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, Changsha 410008, Hunan, China
| | - Zhicheng Gong
- Department of Pharmacy, Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, Changsha 410008, Hunan, China; National Clinical Research Center for Geriatric Disorders, Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, Changsha 410008, Hunan, China
| | - Yuanliang Yan
- Department of Pharmacy, Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, Changsha 410008, Hunan, China; National Clinical Research Center for Geriatric Disorders, Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, Changsha 410008, Hunan, China.
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