251
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Hill TK, Kelkar SS, Wojtynek NE, Souchek JJ, Payne WM, Stumpf K, Marini FC, Mohs AM. Near Infrared Fluorescent Nanoparticles Derived from Hyaluronic Acid Improve Tumor Contrast for Image-Guided Surgery. Theranostics 2016; 6:2314-2328. [PMID: 27877237 PMCID: PMC5118597 DOI: 10.7150/thno.16514] [Citation(s) in RCA: 40] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/17/2016] [Accepted: 09/13/2016] [Indexed: 01/28/2023] Open
Abstract
Tumor tissue that remains undetected at the primary surgical site can cause tumor recurrence, repeat surgery, and treatment strategy alterations that impose a significant patient and healthcare burden. Intraoperative near infrared fluorescence (NIRF) imaging is one potential method to identify remaining tumor by visualization of NIR fluorophores that are preferentially localized to the tumor. This requires development of fluorophores that consistently identify tumor tissue in different patients and tumor types. In this study we examined a panel of NIRF contrast agents consisting of polymeric nanoparticle (NP) formulations derived from hyaluronic acid (HA), with either physically entrapped indocyanine green (ICG) or covalently conjugated Cy7.5. Using orthotopic human breast cancer MDA-MB-231 xenografts in nude mice we identified two lead formulations. One, NanoICGPBA, with physicochemically entrapped ICG, showed 2.3-fold greater tumor contrast than ICG alone at 24 h (p < 0.01), and another, NanoCy7.5100-H, with covalently conjugated Cy7.5, showed 74-fold greater tumor contrast than Cy7.5 alone at 24 h (p < 0.0001). These two lead formulations were then tested in immune competent BALB/c mice bearing orthotopic 4T1 breast cancer tumors. NanoICGPBA showed 2.2-fold greater contrast than ICG alone (p < 0.0001), and NanoCy7.5100-H showed 14.8-fold greater contrast than Cy7.5 alone (p < 0.0001). Furthermore, both NanoICGPBA and NanoCy7.5100-H provided strong tumor enhancement using image-guided surgery in mice bearing 4T1 tumors. These studies demonstrate the efficacy of a panel of HA-derived NPs in delineating tumors in vivo, and identifies promising formulations that can be used for future in vivo tumor removal efficacy studies.
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252
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Li Z, He X, Luo X, Wang L, Ma N. DNA-Programmed Quantum Dot Polymerization for Ultrasensitive Molecular Imaging of Cancer Cells. Anal Chem 2016; 88:9355-9358. [PMID: 27649276 DOI: 10.1021/acs.analchem.6b02864] [Citation(s) in RCA: 38] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/29/2022]
Abstract
Inorganic nanocrystals, such as quantum dots (QDs), hold great promise as molecular imaging contrast agents because of their superior optical properties. However, the molecular imaging sensitivity of these probes is far from optimized due to the lack of efficient and general method for molecular engineering of nanocrystal into effective bioprobes for signal-amplified imaging. Herein, we develop a strategy to boost the molecular imaging sensitivity of QDs over the limit by copolymerizing QDs and cell-binding aptamers into linear QD-aptamer polymers (QAPs) through DNA-programmed hybridization chain reaction. We show that the cancer cells treated with QAPs exhibit much stronger photoluminescence (PL) signal than those treated with QD-aptamer monomers (QAMs) because of multivalent binding and multi-QD-based signal amplification. The enhanced cell binding and imaging capacity of QAPs significantly improves imaging-based discrimination between different cancer cell types. This approach adds a new dimension for engineering inorganic nanoparticles into effective bioprobes for biomedical applications.
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Affiliation(s)
- Zhi Li
- The Key Lab of Health Chemistry and Molecular Diagnosis of Suzhou, College of Chemistry, Chemical Engineering and Materials Science, Soochow University , Suzhou, 215123, P. R. China
| | - Xuewen He
- The Key Lab of Health Chemistry and Molecular Diagnosis of Suzhou, College of Chemistry, Chemical Engineering and Materials Science, Soochow University , Suzhou, 215123, P. R. China
| | - Xucheng Luo
- The Key Lab of Health Chemistry and Molecular Diagnosis of Suzhou, College of Chemistry, Chemical Engineering and Materials Science, Soochow University , Suzhou, 215123, P. R. China
| | - Li Wang
- The Key Lab of Health Chemistry and Molecular Diagnosis of Suzhou, College of Chemistry, Chemical Engineering and Materials Science, Soochow University , Suzhou, 215123, P. R. China
| | - Nan Ma
- The Key Lab of Health Chemistry and Molecular Diagnosis of Suzhou, College of Chemistry, Chemical Engineering and Materials Science, Soochow University , Suzhou, 215123, P. R. China
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253
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Kanduluru AK, Srinivasarao M, Low PS. Design, Synthesis, and Evaluation of a Neurokinin-1 Receptor-Targeted Near-IR Dye for Fluorescence-Guided Surgery of Neuroendocrine Cancers. Bioconjug Chem 2016; 27:2157-65. [PMID: 27529726 PMCID: PMC5343518 DOI: 10.1021/acs.bioconjchem.6b00374] [Citation(s) in RCA: 22] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/17/2022]
Abstract
The neurokinin-1 receptor (NK1R) is implicated in the growth and metastasis of many tumors, including cancers of the brain (e.g., gliomas, glioblastomas, and astrocytomas), skin (e.g., melanomas), and neuroendocrine tissues (cancers of the breast, stomach, pancreas, larynx, and colon). Because overexpression of NK1R has been reported in most of these malignancies, we have undertaken designing an NK1R-targeted near-infrared (NIR) fluorescent dye for fluorescence-guided surgeries of these cancers. We demonstrate here that an NK1R-binding ligand linked to the NIR dye LS288 selectively accumulates in NK1R-expressing tumor xenografts with high affinity (Kd = 13 nM), allowing intraoperative imaging of these cancers in live mice. Because tumor accumulation is nearly quantitatively blocked by excess unlabeled ligand, and because NK1R-negative tumors and normal tissues display virtually no uptake, we conclude that the observed tumor retention is NK1R-mediated. Results on the synthesis, in vitro characterization, and animal testing of NK1R-targeted NIR dye are presented.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ananda Kumar Kanduluru
- Department of Chemistry and Institute for Drug Discovery, Purdue University, West Lafayette, Indiana 47907, United States
| | - Madduri Srinivasarao
- Department of Chemistry and Institute for Drug Discovery, Purdue University, West Lafayette, Indiana 47907, United States
| | - Philip S Low
- Department of Chemistry and Institute for Drug Discovery, Purdue University, West Lafayette, Indiana 47907, United States
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254
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Valliant JF. A Bridge Not Too Far: Linking Disciplines Through Molecular Imaging Probes. J Nucl Med Technol 2016; 44:173-83. [DOI: 10.2967/jnumed.109.068312] [Citation(s) in RCA: 16] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/14/2009] [Accepted: 04/01/2010] [Indexed: 11/16/2022] Open
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255
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Nanoparticles in practice for molecular-imaging applications: An overview. Acta Biomater 2016; 41:1-16. [PMID: 27265153 DOI: 10.1016/j.actbio.2016.06.003] [Citation(s) in RCA: 123] [Impact Index Per Article: 15.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/11/2015] [Revised: 05/28/2016] [Accepted: 06/01/2016] [Indexed: 01/01/2023]
Abstract
UNLABELLED Nanoparticles (NPs) are playing a progressively more significant role in multimodal and multifunctional molecular imaging. The agents like Superparamagnetic iron oxide (SPIO), manganese oxide (MnO), gold NPs/nanorods and quantum dots (QDs) possess specific properties like paramagnetism, superparamagnetism, surface plasmon resonance (SPR) and photoluminescence respectively. These specific properties make them able for single/multi-modal and single/multi-functional molecular imaging. NPs generally have nanomolar or micromolar sensitivity range and can be detected via imaging instrumentation. The distinctive characteristics of these NPs make them suitable for imaging, therapy and delivery of drugs. Multifunctional nanoparticles (MNPs) can be produced through either modification of shell or surface or by attaching an affinity ligand to the nanoparticles. They are utilized for targeted imaging by magnetic resonance imaging (MRI), single photon emission computed tomography (SPECT), positron emission tomography (PET), computed tomography (CT), photo acoustic imaging (PAI), two photon or fluorescent imaging and ultra sound etc. Toxicity factor of NPs is also a very important concern and toxic effect should be eliminated. First generation NPs have been designed, developed and tested in living subjects and few of them are already in clinical use. In near future, molecular imaging will get advanced with multimodality and multifunctionality to detect diseases like cancer, neurodegenerative diseases, cardiac diseases, inflammation, stroke, atherosclerosis and many others in their early stages. In the current review, we discussed single/multifunctional nanoparticles along with molecular imaging modalities. STATEMENT OF SIGNIFICANCE The present article intends to reveal recent avenues for nanomaterials in multimodal and multifunctional molecular imaging through a review of pertinent literatures. The topic emphasises on the distinctive characteristics of nanomaterial which makes them, suitable for biomedical imaging, therapy and delivery of drugs. This review is more informative of indicative technologies which will be helpful in a way to plan, understand and lead the nanotechnology related work.
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256
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Computational Analysis of Enhanced Circulating Tumour Cell (CTC) Separation in a Microfluidic System with an Integrated Dielectrophoretic-Magnetophorectic (DEP-MAP) Technique. CHEMOSENSORS 2016. [DOI: 10.3390/chemosensors4030014] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/22/2022]
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257
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Geng XF, Fang M, Liu SP, Li Y. Quantum dot-based molecular imaging of cancer cell growth using a clone formation assay. Mol Med Rep 2016; 14:3007-12. [PMID: 27572664 PMCID: PMC5042759 DOI: 10.3892/mmr.2016.5632] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/09/2015] [Accepted: 07/25/2016] [Indexed: 12/12/2022] Open
Abstract
This aim of the present study was to investigate clonal growth behavior and analyze the proliferation characteristics of cancer cells. The MCF‑7 human breast cancer cell line, SW480 human colon cancer cell line and SGC7901 human gastric cancer cell line were selected to investigate the morphology of cell clones. Quantum dot‑based molecular targeted imaging techniques (which stained pan‑cytokeratin in the cytoplasm green and Ki67 in the cell nucleus yellow or red) were used to investigate the clone formation rate, cell morphology, discrete tendency, and Ki67 expression and distribution in clones. From the cell clone formation assay, the MCF‑7, SW480 and SGC7901 cells were observed to form clones on days 6, 8 and 12 of cell culture, respectively. These three types of cells had heterogeneous morphology, large nuclear:cytoplasmic ratios, and conspicuous pathological mitotic features. The cells at the clone periphery formed multiple pseudopodium. In certain clones, cancer cells at the borderline were separated from the central cell clusters or presented a discrete tendency. With quantum dot‑based molecular targeted imaging techniques, cells with strong Ki67 expression were predominantly shown to be distributed at the clone periphery, or concentrated on one side of the clones. In conclusion, cancer cell clones showed asymmetric growth behavior, and Ki67 was widely expressed in clones of these three cell lines, with strong expression around the clones, or aggregated at one side. Cell clone formation assay based on quantum dots molecular imaging offered a novel method to study the proliferative features of cancer cells, thus providing a further insight into tumor biology.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xia-Fei Geng
- Department of Oncology, Hubei Key Laboratory of Tumor Biological Behaviors and Hubei Cancer Clinical Study Center, Zhongnan Hospital of Wuhan University, Wuhan, Hubei 430071, P.R. China
| | - Min Fang
- Department of Oncology, Hubei Key Laboratory of Tumor Biological Behaviors and Hubei Cancer Clinical Study Center, Zhongnan Hospital of Wuhan University, Wuhan, Hubei 430071, P.R. China
| | - Shao-Ping Liu
- Medical Research Center, Zhongnan Hospital of Wuhan University, Wuhan, Hubei 430071, P.R. China
| | - Yan Li
- Department of Oncology, Hubei Key Laboratory of Tumor Biological Behaviors and Hubei Cancer Clinical Study Center, Zhongnan Hospital of Wuhan University, Wuhan, Hubei 430071, P.R. China
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258
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Saccomano M, Dullin C, Alves F, Napp J. Preclinical evaluation of near-infrared (NIR) fluorescently labeled cetuximab as a potential tool for fluorescence-guided surgery. Int J Cancer 2016; 139:2277-89. [PMID: 27428782 DOI: 10.1002/ijc.30277] [Citation(s) in RCA: 18] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/24/2016] [Revised: 06/01/2016] [Accepted: 06/23/2016] [Indexed: 02/06/2023]
Abstract
The high rate of recurrence in patients with pancreatic ductal adenocarcinoma (PDAC) could be reduced by supporting the surgeons in discriminating healthy from diseased tissues with intraoperative fluorescence-guidance. Here, we studied the suitability of Cetuximab, a therapeutic monoclonal antibody targeting the human epidermal growth factor receptor (EGFR), near-infrared (NIR) fluorescently labeled as a new tool for fluorescence-guided surgery. Distribution and binding of systemically injected Cetuximab Alexa Fluor 647 conjugate (Cetux-Alexa-647) and the co-injected control human IgG Alexa Fluor 750 conjugate (hIgG-Alexa-750) was studied over 48 h by NIR fluorescence imaging in mice bearing human orthotopic AsPC-1 and MIA PaCa-2 PDAC tumors. Cetux-Alexa-647, but not the control hIgG-Alexa-750 fluorescence, was specifically detected in vivo in both primary pancreatic tumors with maximum fluorescence intensities at 24 h, and in metastases of AsPC-1 tumors as small as 1 mm. Lifetime analysis and NIR fluorescence microscopy of tumor sections confirmed the binding specificity of Cetux-Alexa-647 to PDAC cells. Comparable results were obtained with Cetuximab conjugated to Alexa Fluor 750 dye (Cetux-Alexa-750). Fluorescence-guided dissection, performed 24 h after injection of Cetuximab conjugated to IRDye 800CW (Cetux-800CW), enabled a real-time delineation of AsPC-1 tumor margins, and small metastases. Odyssey scans revealed that only the vital part of the tumor, but not the necrotic part was stained with Cetux-800CW. NIR fluorescently labeled Cetuximab may be a promising tool that can be applied for fluorescence-guided surgery to visualize tumor margins and metastatic sites in order to allow a precise surgical resection.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mara Saccomano
- Department of Molecular Biology of Neuronal Signals, Max-Planck-Institute of Experimental Medicine, Göttingen, Germany
| | - Christian Dullin
- Institute of Interventional and Diagnostic Radiology, University Medical Center Göttingen, Göttingen, Germany
| | - Frauke Alves
- Department of Molecular Biology of Neuronal Signals, Max-Planck-Institute of Experimental Medicine, Göttingen, Germany.,Institute of Interventional and Diagnostic Radiology, University Medical Center Göttingen, Göttingen, Germany.,Department of Haematology and Medical Oncology, University Medical Center Göttingen, Göttingen, Germany
| | - Joanna Napp
- Department of Molecular Biology of Neuronal Signals, Max-Planck-Institute of Experimental Medicine, Göttingen, Germany. .,Institute of Interventional and Diagnostic Radiology, University Medical Center Göttingen, Göttingen, Germany. .,Department of Haematology and Medical Oncology, University Medical Center Göttingen, Göttingen, Germany.
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259
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Anani T, Panizzi P, David AE. Nanoparticle-based probes to enable noninvasive imaging of proteolytic activity for cancer diagnosis. Nanomedicine (Lond) 2016; 11:2007-22. [PMID: 27465386 PMCID: PMC5941711 DOI: 10.2217/nnm-2016-0027] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/20/2016] [Accepted: 05/23/2016] [Indexed: 12/20/2022] Open
Abstract
Proteases play a key role in tumor biology, with high expression levels often correlating with poor prognosis for cancer patients - making them excellent disease markers for tumor diagnosis. Despite their significance, quantifying proteolytic activity in vivo remains a challenge. Nanoparticles, with their ability to serve as scaffolds having unique chemical, optical and magnetic properties, offer the promise of merging diagnostic medicine with material engineering. Such nanoparticles can interact preferentially with proteases enriched in tumors, providing the ability to assess disease state in a noninvasive and spatiotemporal manner. We review recent advances in the development of nanoparticles for imaging and quantification of proteolytic activity in tumor models, and prognosticate future advancements.
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Affiliation(s)
- Tareq Anani
- Department of Chemical Engineering, Samuel Ginn College of Engineering, 212 Ross Hall, Auburn University, Auburn, AL 36849, USA
| | - Peter Panizzi
- Department of Drug Discovery & Development, Harrison School of Pharmacy, 4306 Walker Building, Auburn University, Auburn, AL 36849, USA
| | - Allan E. David
- Department of Chemical Engineering, Samuel Ginn College of Engineering, 212 Ross Hall, Auburn University, Auburn, AL 36849, USA
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260
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Koyanagi K, Ozawa S, Oguma J, Kazuno A, Yamazaki Y, Ninomiya Y, Ochiai H, Tachimori Y. Blood flow speed of the gastric conduit assessed by indocyanine green fluorescence: New predictive evaluation of anastomotic leakage after esophagectomy. Medicine (Baltimore) 2016; 95:e4386. [PMID: 27472732 PMCID: PMC5265869 DOI: 10.1097/md.0000000000004386] [Citation(s) in RCA: 78] [Impact Index Per Article: 9.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/15/2022] Open
Abstract
Anastomotic leakage is considered as an independent risk factor for postoperative mortality after esophagectomy, and an insufficient blood flow in the reconstructed conduit may be a risk factor of anastomotic leakage. We investigated the clinical significance of blood flow visualization by indocyanine green (ICG) fluorescence in the gastric conduit as a means of predicting the leakage of esophagogastric anastomosis after esophagectomy.Forty patients who underwent an esophagectomy with gastric conduit reconstruction were prospectively investigated. ICG fluorescence imaging of the gastric conduit was detected by a near-infrared camera system during esophagectomy and correlated with clinical parameters or surgical outcomes.In 25 patients, the flow speed of ICG fluorescence in the gastric conduit wall was simultaneous with that of the greater curvature vessels (simultaneous group), whereas in 15 patients this was slower than that of the greater curvature vessels (delayed group). The reduced speed of ICG fluorescence stream in the gastric conduit wall was associated with intraoperative blood loss (P = 0.008). Although anastomotic leakage was not found in the simultaneous group, it occurred in 7 patients of the delayed group (P < 0.001). A flow speed of ICG fluorescence in the gastric conduit wall of 1.76 cm/s or less was determined by a receiver operating characteristic (ROC) curve, identified as a significant independent predictor of anastomotic leakage after esophagectomy (P = 0.004).This preliminary study demonstrates that intraoperative evaluation of blood flow speed by ICG fluorescence in the gastric conduit wall is a useful means to predict the risk of anastomotic leakage after esophagectomy.
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Affiliation(s)
- Kazuo Koyanagi
- Division of Esophageal Surgery
- Correspondence: Kazuo Koyanagi, Division of Esophageal Surgery, Department of Gastrointestinal Oncology, National Cancer Center Hospital, 5-1-1 Tsukiji, Chuo-ku, Tokyo 104-0045, Japan (e-mail: )
| | - Soji Ozawa
- Division of Colorectal Surgery, Department of Gastrointestinal Oncology, National Cancer Center Hospital, Tokyo
| | - Junya Oguma
- Division of Colorectal Surgery, Department of Gastrointestinal Oncology, National Cancer Center Hospital, Tokyo
| | - Akihito Kazuno
- Division of Colorectal Surgery, Department of Gastrointestinal Oncology, National Cancer Center Hospital, Tokyo
| | - Yasushi Yamazaki
- Division of Colorectal Surgery, Department of Gastrointestinal Oncology, National Cancer Center Hospital, Tokyo
| | - Yamato Ninomiya
- Division of Colorectal Surgery, Department of Gastrointestinal Oncology, National Cancer Center Hospital, Tokyo
| | - Hiroki Ochiai
- Department of Gastroenterological Surgery, Tokai University School of Medicine, Isehara, Japan
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261
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Wang Y, Kang S, Doerksen JD, Glaser AK, Liu JT. Surgical Guidance via Multiplexed Molecular Imaging of Fresh Tissues Labeled with SERS-Coded Nanoparticles. IEEE JOURNAL OF SELECTED TOPICS IN QUANTUM ELECTRONICS : A PUBLICATION OF THE IEEE LASERS AND ELECTRO-OPTICS SOCIETY 2016; 22:6802911. [PMID: 27524875 PMCID: PMC4978138 DOI: 10.1109/jstqe.2015.2507358] [Citation(s) in RCA: 22] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/19/2023]
Abstract
The imaging of dysregulated cell-surface receptors (or biomarkers) is a potential means of identifying the presence of cancer with high sensitivity and specificity. However, due to heterogeneities in the expression of protein biomarkers in tumors, molecular imaging technologies should ideally be capable of visualizing a multiplexed panel of cancer biomarkers. Recently, surface-enhanced Raman-scattering (SERS) nanoparticles (NPs) have attracted wide interest due to their potential for sensitive and multiplexed biomarker detection. In this review, we focus on the most recent advances in tumor imaging using SERS-coded NPs. A brief introduction of the structure and optical properties of SERS NPs is provided, followed by a detailed discussion of key imaging issues such as the administration of NPs in tissue (topical versus systemic), the optical configuration and imaging approach of Raman imaging systems, spectral demultiplexing methods for quantifying NP concentrations, and the disambiguation of specific vs. nonspecific sources of contrast through ratiometric imaging of targeted and untargeted (control) NP pairs. Finally, future challenges and directions are briefly outlined.
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262
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Hill TK, Mohs AM. Image-guided tumor surgery: will there be a role for fluorescent nanoparticles? WILEY INTERDISCIPLINARY REVIEWS. NANOMEDICINE AND NANOBIOTECHNOLOGY 2016; 8:498-511. [PMID: 26585556 PMCID: PMC4903082 DOI: 10.1002/wnan.1381] [Citation(s) in RCA: 37] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/13/2015] [Revised: 10/07/2015] [Accepted: 10/12/2015] [Indexed: 01/05/2023]
Abstract
Image-guided surgery (IGS) using fluorescent nanoparticles (NPs) has the potential to substantially impact patient treatment. The use of fluorescence imaging provides surgeons with real-time feedback on the location of diseased tissue using safe, low-cost imaging agents and instrumentation. Fluorescent NPs are likely to play a role as they are capable of taking advantage of the enhanced permeability and retention (EPR) effect and can be modified to avoid clearance, increase circulation time, and specifically target tumors. Clinical trials of IGS using the FDA-approved fluorophores indocyanine green and methylene blue have already shown preliminary successes, and incorporation of fluorescent NPs will likely improve detection by providing higher signal to background ratio and reducing false-positive rates through active targeting. Preclinical development of fluorescent NP formulations is advancing rapidly, with strategies ranging from passive targeting to active targeting of cell surface receptors, creating pH-responsive NPs, and increasing cell uptake through cleavable proteins. This collective effort could lead to clinical trials using fluorescent NPs in the near future. WIREs Nanomed Nanobiotechnol 2016, 8:498-511. doi: 10.1002/wnan.1381 For further resources related to this article, please visit the WIREs website.
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Affiliation(s)
- Tanner K. Hill
- Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences and the Fred and Pamela Buffett Cancer Center, University of Nebraska Medical Center, Omaha, NE, USA
| | - Aaron M. Mohs
- Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences and the Fred and Pamela Buffett Cancer Center, University of Nebraska Medical Center, Omaha, NE, USA
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263
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Li X, Heldermon CD, Yao L, Xi L, Jiang H. High resolution functional photoacoustic tomography of breast cancer. Med Phys 2016; 42:5321-8. [PMID: 26328981 DOI: 10.1118/1.4928598] [Citation(s) in RCA: 43] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/27/2022] Open
Abstract
PURPOSE To evaluate the feasibility of functional photoacoustic tomography (fPAT) for high resolution detection and characterization of breast cancer and to demonstrate for the first time quantitative hemoglobin concentration and oxygen saturation images of breasts that were formed with model-based reconstruction of tomographic photoacoustic data. METHODS The study was HIPAA compliant and was approved by the university institutional review board. Written informed consents were obtained from all the participants. Ten cases, including six cancer and four healthy (mean age = 50 yr; age range = 41-66 yr), were examined. Functional images of breast tissue including absolute total hemoglobin concentration (HbT) and oxygen saturation (StO2%) were obtained by fPAT and cross validated with magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) readings and/or histopathology. RESULTS HbT and StO2% maps from all six pathology-confirmed cancer cases (60%) show clear detection of tumor, while MR images indicate clear detection of tumor for five of six cancer cases; one small tumor was read as near-complete-resolution by MRI. The average HbT and StO2% value of suspicious lesion area for the cancer cases was 61.6 ± 18.9 μM/l and 67.5% ± 5.2% compared to 25.6 ± 7.4 μM/l and 65.2% ± 3.8% for background normal tissue. CONCLUSIONS fPAT has the potential to be a significant add-on in breast cancer detection and characterization as it provides submillimeter resolution functional images of breast lesions.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xiaoqi Li
- Department of Biomedical Engineering, University of Florida, Gainesville, Florida 32611
| | - Coy D Heldermon
- Department of Medicine, University of Florida, Gainesville, Florida 32611
| | - Lei Yao
- Department of Biomedical Engineering, University of Florida, Gainesville, Florida 32611
| | - Lei Xi
- Department of Biomedical Engineering, University of Florida, Gainesville, Florida 32611
| | - Huabei Jiang
- Department of Biomedical Engineering, University of Florida, Gainesville, Florida 32611
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264
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uPAR-targeted multimodal tracer for pre- and intraoperative imaging in cancer surgery. Oncotarget 2016; 6:14260-73. [PMID: 25895028 PMCID: PMC4546465 DOI: 10.18632/oncotarget.3680] [Citation(s) in RCA: 41] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/07/2014] [Accepted: 03/03/2015] [Indexed: 12/19/2022] Open
Abstract
Pre- and intraoperative diagnostic techniques facilitating tumor staging are of paramount importance in colorectal cancer surgery. The urokinase receptor (uPAR) plays an important role in the development of cancer, tumor invasion, angiogenesis, and metastasis and over-expression is found in the majority of carcinomas. This study aims to develop the first clinically relevant anti-uPAR antibody-based imaging agent that combines nuclear (111In) and real-time near-infrared (NIR) fluorescent imaging (ZW800-1). Conjugation and binding capacities were investigated and validated in vitro using spectrophotometry and cell-based assays. In vivo, three human colorectal xenograft models were used including an orthotopic peritoneal carcinomatosis model to image small tumors. Nuclear and NIR fluorescent signals showed clear tumor delineation between 24h and 72h post-injection, with highest tumor-to-background ratios of 5.0 ± 1.3 at 72h using fluorescence and 4.2 ± 0.1 at 24h with radioactivity. 1-2 mm sized tumors could be clearly recognized by their fluorescent rim. This study showed the feasibility of an uPAR-recognizing multimodal agent to visualize tumors during image-guided resections using NIR fluorescence, whereas its nuclear component assisted in the pre-operative non-invasive recognition of tumors using SPECT imaging. This strategy can assist in surgical planning and subsequent precision surgery to reduce the number of incomplete resections.
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265
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Hussain T, Savariar EN, Diaz-Perez JA, Messer K, Pu M, Tsien RY, Nguyen QT. Surgical molecular navigation with ratiometric activatable cell penetrating peptide for intraoperative identification and resection of small salivary gland cancers. Head Neck 2016; 38:715-23. [PMID: 25521629 PMCID: PMC4472578 DOI: 10.1002/hed.23946] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Accepted: 12/06/2014] [Indexed: 01/05/2023] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND We evaluated the use of intraoperative fluorescence guidance by enzymatically cleavable ratiometric activatable cell-penetrating peptide (RACPPPLGC(Me)AG) containing Cy5 as a fluorescent donor and Cy7 as a fluorescent acceptor for salivary gland cancer surgery in a mouse model. METHODS Surgical resection of small parotid gland cancers in mice was performed with fluorescence guidance or white light (WL) imaging alone. Tumor identification accuracy, operating time, and tumor-free survival were compared. RESULTS RACPP guidance aided tumor detection (positive histology in 90% [27/30] vs 48% [15/31] for WL; p < .001). An approximate 25% ratiometric signal increase as the threshold to distinguish between tumor and adjacent tissue, yielded >90% detection sensitivity and specificity. Operating time was reduced by 54% (p < .001), and tumor-free survival was increased with RACPP guidance (p = .025). CONCLUSION RACPP provides real-time intraoperative guidance leading to improved survival. Ratiometric signal thresholds can be set according to desired detection accuracy levels for future RACPP applications.
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Affiliation(s)
- Timon Hussain
- Division of Head and Neck Surgery, University of California San Diego
| | | | | | - Karen Messer
- Division of Biostatistics, Moores Cancer Center, University of California San Diego
| | - Minya Pu
- Division of Biostatistics, Moores Cancer Center, University of California San Diego
| | - Roger Y. Tsien
- Department of Pharmacology, University of California San Diego
- Howard Hughes Medical Institute, University of California San Diego
| | - Quyen T. Nguyen
- Division of Head and Neck Surgery, University of California San Diego
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266
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Ma Y, Mou Q, Wang D, Zhu X, Yan D. Dendritic Polymers for Theranostics. Theranostics 2016; 6:930-47. [PMID: 27217829 PMCID: PMC4876620 DOI: 10.7150/thno.14855] [Citation(s) in RCA: 54] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/30/2015] [Accepted: 03/09/2016] [Indexed: 12/14/2022] Open
Abstract
Dendritic polymers are highly branched polymers with controllable structures, which possess a large population of terminal functional groups, low solution or melt viscosity, and good solubility. Their size, degree of branching and functionality can be adjusted and controlled through the synthetic procedures. These tunable structures correspond to application-related properties, such as biodegradability, biocompatibility, stimuli-responsiveness and self-assembly ability, which are the key points for theranostic applications, including chemotherapeutic theranostics, biotherapeutic theranostics, phototherapeutic theranostics, radiotherapeutic theranostics and combined therapeutic theranostics. Up to now, significant progress has been made for the dendritic polymers in solving some of the fundamental and technical questions toward their theranostic applications. In this review, we briefly summarize how to control the structures of dendritic polymers, the theranostics-related properties derived from their structures and their theranostics-related applications.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yuan Ma
- School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, State Key Laboratory of Metal Matrix Composites, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, 800 Dongchuan Road, Shanghai 200240, P. R. China
| | - Quanbing Mou
- School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, State Key Laboratory of Metal Matrix Composites, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, 800 Dongchuan Road, Shanghai 200240, P. R. China
| | - Dali Wang
- School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, State Key Laboratory of Metal Matrix Composites, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, 800 Dongchuan Road, Shanghai 200240, P. R. China
| | - Xinyuan Zhu
- School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, State Key Laboratory of Metal Matrix Composites, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, 800 Dongchuan Road, Shanghai 200240, P. R. China
| | - Deyue Yan
- School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, State Key Laboratory of Metal Matrix Composites, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, 800 Dongchuan Road, Shanghai 200240, P. R. China
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267
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Zhao Y, Liang M, Li X, Fan K, Xiao J, Li Y, Shi H, Wang F, Choi HS, Cheng D, Yan X. Bioengineered Magnetoferritin Nanoprobes for Single-Dose Nuclear-Magnetic Resonance Tumor Imaging. ACS NANO 2016; 10:4184-4191. [PMID: 26959856 DOI: 10.1021/acsnano.5b07408] [Citation(s) in RCA: 50] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/05/2023]
Abstract
Despite all the advances in multimodal imaging, it remains a significant challenge to acquire both magnetic resonance and nuclear imaging in a single dose because of the enormous difference in sensitivity. Indeed, nuclear imaging is almost 10(6)-fold more sensitive than magnetic resonance imaging (MRI); thus, repeated injections are generally required to obtain sufficient MR signals after nuclear imaging. Here, we show that strategically engineered magnetoferritin nanoprobes can image tumors with high sensitivity and specificity using SPECT and MRI in living mice after a single intravenous injection. The magnetoferritin nanoprobes composed of (125)I radionuclide-conjugated human H-ferritin iron nanocages ((125)I-M-HFn) internalize robustly into cancer cells via a novel tumor-specific HFn-TfR1 pathway. In particular, the endocytic recycling characteristic of TfR1 transporters solves the nuclear signal blocking issue caused by the high dose nanoprobes injected for MRI, thus enabling simultaneous functional and morphological tumor imaging without reliance on multi-injections.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yanzhao Zhao
- Department of Nuclear Medicine, Zhongshan Hospital, Fudan University/Shanghai Institute of Medical Imaging , Shanghai 200032, China
| | - Minmin Liang
- Key Laboratory of Protein and Peptide Pharmaceutical/Chinese Academy of Sciences-University of Tokyo Joint Laboratory of Structural Virology and Immunology/Beijing Translational Engineering Center of Biomacromolecular Drugs, Institute of Biophysics, Chinese Academy of Sciences , Beijing 100101, China
| | - Xiao Li
- Department of Nuclear Medicine, Zhongshan Hospital, Fudan University/Shanghai Institute of Medical Imaging , Shanghai 200032, China
| | - Kelong Fan
- Key Laboratory of Protein and Peptide Pharmaceutical/Chinese Academy of Sciences-University of Tokyo Joint Laboratory of Structural Virology and Immunology/Beijing Translational Engineering Center of Biomacromolecular Drugs, Institute of Biophysics, Chinese Academy of Sciences , Beijing 100101, China
| | - Jie Xiao
- Department of Nuclear Medicine, Zhongshan Hospital, Fudan University/Shanghai Institute of Medical Imaging , Shanghai 200032, China
| | - Yanli Li
- Department of Nuclear Medicine, Zhongshan Hospital, Fudan University/Shanghai Institute of Medical Imaging , Shanghai 200032, China
| | - Hongcheng Shi
- Department of Nuclear Medicine, Zhongshan Hospital, Fudan University/Shanghai Institute of Medical Imaging , Shanghai 200032, China
| | - Fei Wang
- Key Laboratory of Protein and Peptide Pharmaceutical/Chinese Academy of Sciences-University of Tokyo Joint Laboratory of Structural Virology and Immunology/Beijing Translational Engineering Center of Biomacromolecular Drugs, Institute of Biophysics, Chinese Academy of Sciences , Beijing 100101, China
| | - Hak Soo Choi
- Division of Hematology/Oncology, Department of Medicine, Beth Israel Deaconess Medical Center and Harvard Medical School , Boston, Massachusetts 02215, United States
| | - Dengfeng Cheng
- Department of Nuclear Medicine, Zhongshan Hospital, Fudan University/Shanghai Institute of Medical Imaging , Shanghai 200032, China
| | - Xiyun Yan
- Key Laboratory of Protein and Peptide Pharmaceutical/Chinese Academy of Sciences-University of Tokyo Joint Laboratory of Structural Virology and Immunology/Beijing Translational Engineering Center of Biomacromolecular Drugs, Institute of Biophysics, Chinese Academy of Sciences , Beijing 100101, China
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268
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Singh S, Bhowmik A, Repaka R. Thermal analysis of induced damage to the healthy cell during RFA of breast tumor. J Therm Biol 2016; 58:80-90. [PMID: 27157337 DOI: 10.1016/j.jtherbio.2016.04.002] [Citation(s) in RCA: 17] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/27/2015] [Revised: 01/06/2016] [Accepted: 04/07/2016] [Indexed: 10/21/2022]
Abstract
Effective pre-clinical computational modeling strategies have been demonstrated in this article to enable risk free clinical application of radiofrequency ablation (RFA) of breast tumor. The present study (a) determines various optimal regulating parameters required for RFA of tumor and (b) introduces an essential clinical monitoring scheme to minimize the extent of damage to the healthy cell during RFA of tumor. The therapeutic capabilities offered by RFA of breast tumor, viz., the rise in local temperature and induced thermal damage have been predicted by integrating the bioheat transfer model, the electric field distribution model and the thermal damage model. The mathematical model has been validated with the experimental results available in the literature. The results revealed that, the effective damage of tumor volume sparing healthy tissue essentially depends on the voltage, the exposure time, the local heat distribution, the tumor stage and the electrode geometric configuration. It has been confirmed that, the assessment of damage front can accurately determine the extent of damage as compared to the thermal front. The study further evaluates the damaged healthy and tumor volumes due to RFA of different stages of breast cancer. The assessment of cell survival and damage fractions discloses the propensity of reappearance/healing of tumor cells after treatment.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sundeep Singh
- Department of Mechanical Engineering, Indian Institute of Technology Ropar, Rupnagar, Punjab 140001, India
| | - Arka Bhowmik
- Mechanical and Aerospace Engineering Dept., University of California, 420 Westwood Plaza, Engineering IV, Los Angeles, CA 90095, USA
| | - Ramjee Repaka
- Department of Mechanical Engineering, Indian Institute of Technology Ropar, Rupnagar, Punjab 140001, India.
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269
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Zeybek B, Borahay M, Kilic GS. Overcoming the obstacles of visualization in robotically assisted abdominal cerclage using indocyanine green. J Robot Surg 2016; 10:361-364. [DOI: 10.1007/s11701-016-0585-9] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/25/2016] [Accepted: 03/28/2016] [Indexed: 11/28/2022]
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270
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Kamiya M, Urano Y. Rapid and sensitive fluorescent imaging of tiny tumors in vivo and in clinical specimens. Curr Opin Chem Biol 2016; 33:9-15. [PMID: 27100047 DOI: 10.1016/j.cbpa.2016.04.004] [Citation(s) in RCA: 17] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/14/2016] [Accepted: 04/03/2016] [Indexed: 11/19/2022]
Abstract
Fluorescence-guided diagnostics is one of the most powerful techniques for real-time in situ tumor detection. Here, we introduce two categories of fluorescence probes used for tumor imaging (always-on probes and activatable probes) and briefly summarize recent advances in tumor-targeted fluorescence imaging probes and their clinical/preclinical applications, including our recent work on rational design of activatable fluorescence probes for tumors expressing aminopeptidases and glycosidases. These probes enable rapid and sensitive detection of tiny tumors as small as <1mm in diameter, both in vivo and in clinical specimens.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mako Kamiya
- Graduate School of Medicine, The University of Tokyo, 7-3-1 Hongo, Bunkyo-ku, Tokyo 113-0033, Japan; PRESTO, Japan Science and Technology Agency, 4-1-8 Honcho, Kawaguchi, Saitama 332-0012, Japan
| | - Yasuteru Urano
- Graduate School of Medicine, The University of Tokyo, 7-3-1 Hongo, Bunkyo-ku, Tokyo 113-0033, Japan; Graduate School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, The University of Tokyo, 7-3-1 Hongo, Bunkyo-ku, Tokyo 113-0033, Japan; CREST, Japan Agency for Medical Research and Development, 1-7-1 Otemachi, Chiyoda-ku, Tokyo 100-0004, Japan.
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271
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Alvares RDA, Lau JYC, Macdonald PM, Cunningham CH, Prosser RS. Direct quantitative 13 C-filtered 1 H magnetic resonance imaging of PEGylated biomacromolecules in vivo. Magn Reson Med 2016; 77:1553-1561. [PMID: 27080189 DOI: 10.1002/mrm.26237] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/23/2015] [Revised: 03/15/2016] [Accepted: 03/16/2016] [Indexed: 12/16/2022]
Abstract
PURPOSE 1 H MRI is an established diagnostic method that generally relies on detection of water. Imaging specific macromolecules is normally accomplished only indirectly through the use of paramagnetic tags, which alter the water signal in their vicinity. We demonstrate a new approach in which macromolecular constituents, such as proteins and drug delivery systems, are observed directly and quantitatively in vivo using 1 H MRI of 13 C-labeled poly(ethylene glycol) (13 C-PEG) tags. METHODS Molecular imaging of 13 C-PEG-labeled species was accomplished by incorporating a modified heteronuclear multiple quantum coherence filter into a gradient echo imaging sequence. We demonstrate the approach by monitoring the real-time distribution of 13 C-PEG and 13 C-PEGylated albumin injected into the hind leg of a mouse. RESULTS Filtering the 1 H PEG signal through the directly coupled 13 C nuclei largely eliminates background water and fat signals, thus enabling the imaging of molecules using 1 H MRI. CONCLUSION PEGylation is widely employed to enhance the performance of a multitude of macromolecular therapeutics and drug delivery systems, and 13 C-filtered 1 H MRI of 13 C-PEG thus offers the possibility of imaging and quantitating their distribution in living systems in real time. Magn Reson Med 77:1553-1561, 2017. © 2016 International Society for Magnetic Resonance in Medicine.
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Affiliation(s)
- Rohan D A Alvares
- Department of Chemistry, University of Toronto, Mississauga, Ontario, Canada
| | - Justin Y C Lau
- Department of Medical Biophysics, University of Toronto, Toronto, Ontario, Canada
- Physical Sciences, Sunnybrook Research Institute, Toronto, Ontario, Canada
| | - Peter M Macdonald
- Department of Chemistry, University of Toronto, Mississauga, Ontario, Canada
| | - Charles H Cunningham
- Department of Medical Biophysics, University of Toronto, Toronto, Ontario, Canada
- Physical Sciences, Sunnybrook Research Institute, Toronto, Ontario, Canada
| | - R Scott Prosser
- Department of Chemistry, University of Toronto, Mississauga, Ontario, Canada
- Department of Biochemistry, University of Toronto, Toronto, Ontario, Canada
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272
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Chen W, Lu S, Ou J, Wang G, Zu Y, Chen F, Bai C. Metabonomic characteristics and biomarker research of human lung cancer tissues by HR1H NMR spectroscopy. Cancer Biomark 2016; 16:653-64. [PMID: 27002768 DOI: 10.3233/cbm-160607] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/15/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Wenxue Chen
- Department of Chemistry, Fudan University, Shanghai, China
- Wuhan Institute of Physics and Mathematics, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Wuhan, Hubei, China
| | - Shaohua Lu
- Department of Pathology, Zhongshan Hospital, Fudan University, Shanghai, China
| | - Jiaxian Ou
- Department of Respiratory Medicine, Zhongshan Hospital, Fudan University, Shanghai, China
| | - Guifang Wang
- Department of Respiratory Medicine, Zhongshan Hospital, Fudan University, Shanghai, China
| | - Yukun Zu
- Department of Thoracic Surgery, Tongji hospital, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, Hubei, China
| | - Fener Chen
- Department of Chemistry, Fudan University, Shanghai, China
| | - Chunxue Bai
- Department of Respiratory Medicine, Zhongshan Hospital, Fudan University, Shanghai, China
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273
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Zarschler K, Rocks L, Licciardello N, Boselli L, Polo E, Garcia KP, De Cola L, Stephan H, Dawson KA. Ultrasmall inorganic nanoparticles: State-of-the-art and perspectives for biomedical applications. NANOMEDICINE-NANOTECHNOLOGY BIOLOGY AND MEDICINE 2016; 12:1663-701. [PMID: 27013135 DOI: 10.1016/j.nano.2016.02.019] [Citation(s) in RCA: 182] [Impact Index Per Article: 22.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/26/2015] [Revised: 02/08/2016] [Accepted: 02/15/2016] [Indexed: 12/31/2022]
Abstract
Ultrasmall nanoparticulate materials with core sizes in the 1-3nm range bridge the gap between single molecules and classical, larger-sized nanomaterials, not only in terms of spatial dimension, but also as regards physicochemical and pharmacokinetic properties. Due to these unique properties, ultrasmall nanoparticles appear to be promising materials for nanomedicinal applications. This review overviews the different synthetic methods of inorganic ultrasmall nanoparticles as well as their properties, characterization, surface modification and toxicity. We moreover summarize the current state of knowledge regarding pharmacokinetics, biodistribution and targeting of nanoscale materials. Aside from addressing the issue of biomolecular corona formation and elaborating on the interactions of ultrasmall nanoparticles with individual cells, we discuss the potential diagnostic, therapeutic and theranostic applications of ultrasmall nanoparticles in the emerging field of nanomedicine in the final part of this review.
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Affiliation(s)
- Kristof Zarschler
- Institute of Radiopharmaceutical Cancer Research, Helmholtz-Zentrum Dresden - Rossendorf, Bautzner Landstraße 400, Dresden, Germany.
| | - Louise Rocks
- Centre For BioNano Interactions (CBNI), School of Chemistry and Chemical Biology, University College Dublin, Belfield, Dublin 4, Ireland
| | - Nadia Licciardello
- Institute of Radiopharmaceutical Cancer Research, Helmholtz-Zentrum Dresden - Rossendorf, Bautzner Landstraße 400, Dresden, Germany; Laboratoire de Chimie et des Biomatériaux Supramoléculaires, Institut de Science et d'Ingénierie Supramoléculaires (ISIS), 8 allée Gaspard Monge, Strasbourg, France; Institut für Nanotechnologie (INT), Karlsruher Institut für Technologie (KIT) Campus North, Hermann-von-Helmholtz-Platz 1, Eggenstein-Leopoldshafen, Germany
| | - Luca Boselli
- Centre For BioNano Interactions (CBNI), School of Chemistry and Chemical Biology, University College Dublin, Belfield, Dublin 4, Ireland
| | - Ester Polo
- Centre For BioNano Interactions (CBNI), School of Chemistry and Chemical Biology, University College Dublin, Belfield, Dublin 4, Ireland
| | - Karina Pombo Garcia
- Institute of Radiopharmaceutical Cancer Research, Helmholtz-Zentrum Dresden - Rossendorf, Bautzner Landstraße 400, Dresden, Germany
| | - Luisa De Cola
- Laboratoire de Chimie et des Biomatériaux Supramoléculaires, Institut de Science et d'Ingénierie Supramoléculaires (ISIS), 8 allée Gaspard Monge, Strasbourg, France; Institut für Nanotechnologie (INT), Karlsruher Institut für Technologie (KIT) Campus North, Hermann-von-Helmholtz-Platz 1, Eggenstein-Leopoldshafen, Germany
| | - Holger Stephan
- Institute of Radiopharmaceutical Cancer Research, Helmholtz-Zentrum Dresden - Rossendorf, Bautzner Landstraße 400, Dresden, Germany
| | - Kenneth A Dawson
- Centre For BioNano Interactions (CBNI), School of Chemistry and Chemical Biology, University College Dublin, Belfield, Dublin 4, Ireland
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274
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van Driel PBAA, van de Giessen M, Boonstra MC, Snoeks TJA, Keereweer S, Oliveira S, van de Velde CJH, Lelieveldt BPF, Vahrmeijer AL, Löwik CWGM, Dijkstra J. Characterization and evaluation of the artemis camera for fluorescence-guided cancer surgery. Mol Imaging Biol 2016; 17:413-23. [PMID: 25344146 PMCID: PMC4422838 DOI: 10.1007/s11307-014-0799-z] [Citation(s) in RCA: 31] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/11/2022]
Abstract
Purpose Near-infrared (NIR) fluorescence imaging can provide the surgeon with real-time visualization of, e.g., tumor margins and lymph nodes. We describe and evaluate the Artemis, a novel, handheld NIR fluorescence camera. Procedures We evaluated minimal detectable cell numbers (FaDu-luc2, 7D12-IRDye 800CW), preclinical intraoperative detection of sentinel lymph nodes (SLN) using indocyanine green (ICG), and of orthotopic tongue tumors using 7D12-800CW. Results were compared with the Pearl imager. Clinically, three patients with liver metastases were imaged using ICG. Results Minimum detectable cell counts for Artemis and Pearl were 2 × 105 and 4 × 104 cells, respectively. In vivo, seven SLNs were detected in four mice with both cameras. Orthotopic OSC-19-luc2-cGFP tongue tumors were clearly identifiable, and a minimum FaDu-luc2 tumor size of 1 mm3 could be identified. Six human malignant lesions were identified during three liver surgery procedures. Conclusions Based on this study, the Artemis system has demonstrated its utility in fluorescence-guided cancer surgery. Electronic supplementary material The online version of this article (doi:10.1007/s11307-014-0799-z) contains supplementary material, which is available to authorized users.
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Affiliation(s)
- P B A A van Driel
- Department of Radiology and Molecular Imaging, Leiden University Medical Center, Leiden, The Netherlands
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275
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Intraoperative Identification of Liver Cancer Microfoci Using a Targeted Near-Infrared Fluorescent Probe for Imaging-Guided Surgery. Sci Rep 2016; 6:21959. [PMID: 26923919 PMCID: PMC4770417 DOI: 10.1038/srep21959] [Citation(s) in RCA: 47] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/25/2015] [Accepted: 02/02/2016] [Indexed: 12/22/2022] Open
Abstract
Difficulties in the highly sensitive detection of tumour microfoci represent a critical obstacle toward improved surgical intervention in liver cancer. Conventional preoperative imaging methods and surgeons’ subjective experience are limited by their inability to effectively detect tumour lesions measuring less than 2 mm; however, intraoperative fluorescence molecular imaging may overcome this limitation. Here, we synthesised an arginine-glycine-aspartic acid (RGD)-conjugated mesoporous silica nanoparticle (MSN) highly loaded with indocyanine green (ICG) dye that could accurately delineate liver cancer margins and provide excellent tumour-to-normal tissue contrast intraoperatively. The increased ICG loading capacity and tumour specificity enabled the identification of residual microtumours and satellite lesions measuring less than 1 mm in living mice. Histological analysis validated the sensitivity and accuracy of this approach. We believe this technique utilising a new fluorescent nanoprobe with intraoperative optical imaging may offer a more sensitive and accurate method for liver cancer resection guidance, resulting in better surgical outcomes.
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276
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Bai HX, Lee AM, Yang L, Zhang P, Davatzikos C, Maris JM, Diskin SJ. Imaging genomics in cancer research: limitations and promises. Br J Radiol 2016; 89:20151030. [PMID: 26864054 DOI: 10.1259/bjr.20151030] [Citation(s) in RCA: 72] [Impact Index Per Article: 9.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/21/2022] Open
Abstract
Recently, radiogenomics or imaging genomics has emerged as a novel high-throughput method of associating imaging features with genomic data. Radiogenomics has the potential to provide comprehensive intratumour, intertumour and peritumour information non-invasively. This review article summarizes the current state of radiogenomic research in tumour characterization, discusses some of its limitations and promises and projects its future directions. Semi-radiogenomic studies that relate specific gene expressions to imaging features will also be briefly reviewed.
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Affiliation(s)
- Harrison X Bai
- 1 Department of Radiology, Hospital of the University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, PA, USA
| | - Ashley M Lee
- 1 Department of Radiology, Hospital of the University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, PA, USA
| | - Li Yang
- 2 Department of Neurology, The Second Xiangya Hospital, Changsha, Hunan, China
| | - Paul Zhang
- 3 Department of Pathology and Laboratory Medicine, Hospital of the University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, PA, USA
| | - Christos Davatzikos
- 1 Department of Radiology, Hospital of the University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, PA, USA
| | - John M Maris
- 4 Division of Oncology and Center for Childhood Cancer Research, Children's Hospital of Philadelphia, Philadelphia, PA, USA.,5 Abramson Family Cancer Research Institute, PerelmanSchool of Medicine, University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, PA, USA.,6 Department of Pediatrics, Perelman School of Medicine, University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, PA, USA
| | - Sharon J Diskin
- 4 Division of Oncology and Center for Childhood Cancer Research, Children's Hospital of Philadelphia, Philadelphia, PA, USA.,5 Abramson Family Cancer Research Institute, PerelmanSchool of Medicine, University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, PA, USA.,6 Department of Pediatrics, Perelman School of Medicine, University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, PA, USA
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277
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Theranostic gas-generating nanoparticles for targeted ultrasound imaging and treatment of neuroblastoma. J Control Release 2016; 223:197-206. [DOI: 10.1016/j.jconrel.2015.12.051] [Citation(s) in RCA: 59] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/28/2015] [Revised: 11/24/2015] [Accepted: 12/26/2015] [Indexed: 02/01/2023]
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278
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Chan M, Almutairi A. Nanogels as imaging agents for modalities spanning the electromagnetic spectrum. MATERIALS HORIZONS 2016; 3:21-40. [PMID: 27398218 PMCID: PMC4906372 DOI: 10.1039/c5mh00161g] [Citation(s) in RCA: 29] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/03/2015] [Accepted: 09/25/2015] [Indexed: 05/05/2023]
Abstract
In the past few decades, advances in imaging equipment and protocols have expanded the role of imaging in in vivo diagnosis and disease management, especially in cancer. Traditional imaging agents have rapid clearance and low specificity for disease detection. To improve accuracy in disease identification, localization and assessment, novel nanomaterials are frequently explored as imaging agents to achieve high detection specificity and sensitivity. A promising material for this purpose are hydrogel nanoparticles, whose high hydrophilicity, biocompatibility, and tunable size in the nanometer range make them ideal for imaging. These nanogels (10 to 200 nm) can circumvent uptake by the reticuloendothelial system, allowing longer circulation times than small molecules. In addition, their size/surface properties can be further tailored to optimize their pharmacokinetics for imaging of a particular disease. Herein, we provide a comprehensive review of nanogels as imaging agents in various modalities with sources of signal spanning the electromagnetic spectrum, including MRI, NIR, UV-vis, and PET. Many materials and formulation methods will be reviewed to highlight the versatility of nanogels as imaging agents.
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Affiliation(s)
- Minnie Chan
- Department of Chemistry and Biochemistry , University of California , San Diego , La Jolla , CA 92093-0600 , USA
| | - Adah Almutairi
- Skaggs School of Pharmacy and Pharmaceutical Sciences , KACST-UCSD Center of Excellence in Nanomedicine , Laboratory of Bioresponsive Materials , University of California , 9500 Gilman Dr., 0600 , PSB 2270 , La Jolla , San Diego , CA 92093-0600 , USA . ; Tel: +1 (858) 246 0871
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279
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Iwatate RJ, Kamiya M, Urano Y. Asymmetric Rhodamine‐Based Fluorescent Probe for Multicolour In Vivo Imaging. Chemistry 2016; 22:1696-703. [DOI: 10.1002/chem.201503426] [Citation(s) in RCA: 42] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/28/2015] [Indexed: 11/11/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Ryu J. Iwatate
- Graduate School of Medicine The University of Tokyo 7-3-1 Hongo Bunkyo-ku Tokyo Japan), Fax: (+81) 3-5841-3563
| | - Mako Kamiya
- Graduate School of Medicine The University of Tokyo 7-3-1 Hongo Bunkyo-ku Tokyo Japan), Fax: (+81) 3-5841-3563
- PRESTO Japan Science and Technology Agency 4-1-8 Honcho Kawaguchi Saitama Japan
| | - Yasuteru Urano
- Graduate School of Medicine The University of Tokyo 7-3-1 Hongo Bunkyo-ku Tokyo Japan), Fax: (+81) 3-5841-3563
- Graduate School of Pharmaceutical Sciences The University of Tokyo 7-3-1 Hongo Bunkyo-ku Tokyo Japan
- CREST Japan Agency for Medical Research and Development 1-7-1 Otemachi Chiyoda-ku Tokyo Japan
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280
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Sengupta D, Pratx G. Imaging metabolic heterogeneity in cancer. Mol Cancer 2016; 15:4. [PMID: 26739333 PMCID: PMC4704434 DOI: 10.1186/s12943-015-0481-3] [Citation(s) in RCA: 49] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/22/2015] [Accepted: 12/10/2015] [Indexed: 01/01/2023] Open
Abstract
As our knowledge of cancer metabolism has increased, it has become apparent that cancer metabolic processes are extremely heterogeneous. The reasons behind this heterogeneity include genetic diversity, the existence of multiple and redundant metabolic pathways, altered microenvironmental conditions, and so on. As a result, methods in the clinic and beyond have been developed in order to image and study tumor metabolism in the in vivo and in vitro regimes. Both regimes provide unique advantages and challenges, and may be used to provide a picture of tumor metabolic heterogeneity that is spatially and temporally comprehensive. Taken together, these methods may hold the key to appropriate cancer diagnoses and treatments in the future.
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Affiliation(s)
- Debanti Sengupta
- Stanford University School of Medicine, A226 Building A, 1050 Arastradero Road, Palo Alto, CA, 94304, USA
| | - Guillem Pratx
- Stanford University School of Medicine, A226 Building A, 1050 Arastradero Road, Palo Alto, CA, 94304, USA.
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281
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Abstract
Photoacoustic tomography (PAT) combines rich optical absorption contrast with the high spatial resolution of ultrasound at depths in tissue. The high scalability of PAT has enabled anatomical imaging of biological structures ranging from organelles to organs. The inherent functional and molecular imaging capabilities of PAT have further allowed it to measure important physiological parameters and track critical cellular activities. Integration of PAT with other imaging technologies provides complementary capabilities and can potentially accelerate the clinical translation of PAT.
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Affiliation(s)
- Junjie Yao
- Optical Imaging Laboratory, Department of Biomedical Engineering, Washington University in St. Louis, MO, USA
| | - Jun Xia
- Optical Imaging Laboratory, Department of Biomedical Engineering, Washington University in St. Louis, MO, USA Department of Biomedical Engineering, University at Buffalo, The State University of New York, Buffalo, NY, USA
| | - Lihong V Wang
- Optical Imaging Laboratory, Department of Biomedical Engineering, Washington University in St. Louis, MO, USA
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282
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Boonstra MC, Prakash J, Van De Velde CJH, Mesker WE, Kuppen PJK, Vahrmeijer AL, Sier CFM. Stromal Targets for Fluorescent-Guided Oncologic Surgery. Front Oncol 2015; 5:254. [PMID: 26636036 PMCID: PMC4653299 DOI: 10.3389/fonc.2015.00254] [Citation(s) in RCA: 17] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/26/2015] [Accepted: 11/05/2015] [Indexed: 12/17/2022] Open
Abstract
Pre-operative imaging techniques are essential for tumor detection and diagnosis, but offer limited help during surgery. Recently, the applicability of imaging during oncologic surgery has been recognized, using near-infrared fluorescent dyes conjugated to targeting antibodies, peptides, or other vehicles. Image-guided oncologic surgery (IGOS) assists the surgeFon to distinguish tumor from normal tissue during operation, and can aid in recognizing vital structures. IGOS relies on an optimized combination of a dedicated fluorescent camera system and specific probes for targeting. IGOS probes for clinical use are not widely available yet, but numerous pre-clinical studies have been published and clinical trials are being established or prepared. Most of the investigated probes are based on antibodies or peptides against proteins on the membranes of malignant cells, whereas others are directed against stromal cells. Targeting stroma cells for IGOS has several advantages. Besides the high stromal content in more aggressive tumor types, the stroma is often primarily located at the periphery/invasive front of the tumor, which makes stromal targets particularly suited for imaging purposes. Moreover, because stroma up-regulation is a physiological reaction, most proteins to be targeted on these cells are “universal” and not derived from a specific genetic variation, as is the case with many upregulated proteins on malignant cancer cells.
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Affiliation(s)
- Martin C Boonstra
- Department of Surgery, Leiden University Medical Center , Leiden , Netherlands
| | - Jai Prakash
- Department of Biomaterial Science and Technology, Targeted Therapeutics, University of Twente , Enschede , Netherlands
| | | | - Wilma E Mesker
- Department of Surgery, Leiden University Medical Center , Leiden , Netherlands
| | - Peter J K Kuppen
- Department of Surgery, Leiden University Medical Center , Leiden , Netherlands
| | | | - Cornelis F M Sier
- Department of Surgery, Leiden University Medical Center , Leiden , Netherlands ; Antibodies for Research Applications BV , Gouda , Netherlands
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283
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Hackman KM, Doddapaneni BS, Barth CW, Wierzbicki IH, Alani AWG, Gibbs SL. Polymeric Micelles as Carriers for Nerve-Highlighting Fluorescent Probe Delivery. Mol Pharm 2015; 12:4386-94. [PMID: 26485440 PMCID: PMC4674818 DOI: 10.1021/acs.molpharmaceut.5b00582] [Citation(s) in RCA: 23] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/29/2023]
Abstract
![]()
Nerve
damage during surgery is a common morbidity experienced by patients
that leaves them with chronic pain and/or loss of function. Currently,
no clinically approved imaging technique exists to enhance nerve visualization
in the operating room. Fluorescence image-guided surgery has gained
in popularity and clinical acceptance over the past decade with a
handful of imaging systems approved for clinical use. However, contrast
agent development to complement these fluorescence-imaging systems
has lagged behind with all currently approved fluorescent agents providing
untargeted blood pool information. Nerve-specific fluorophores are
known, however translations of these agents to the clinic has been
complicated by their lipophilic nature, which necessitates specialized
formulation strategies for successful systemic administration. To
date the known nerve-specific fluorophores have only been demonstrated
preclinically due to the necessity of a dimethyl sulfoxide containing
formulation for solubilization. In the current study, a polymeric
micellar (PM) formulation strategy was developed for a representative
nerve-specific fluorophore from the distyrylbenzene family, BMB. The
PM formulation strategy was able to solubilize BMB and demonstrated
improved nerve-specific accumulation and fluorescence intensity when
the same fluorophore dose was administered to mice utilizing the previous
formulation strategy. The success of the PM formulation strategy will
be important for moving toward clinical translation of these novel
nerve-specific probes as it is nontoxic and biodegradable and has
the potential to decrease the necessary dose for imaging while also
improving the safety profile.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Bhuvana Shyam Doddapaneni
- Pharmaceutical Sciences Division, College of Pharmacy, Oregon State University , 2730 SW Moody Avenue, CL5CP Portland, Oregon 97201, United States
| | | | - Igor H Wierzbicki
- Pharmaceutical Sciences Division, College of Pharmacy, Oregon State University , 2730 SW Moody Avenue, CL5CP Portland, Oregon 97201, United States
| | - Adam W G Alani
- Pharmaceutical Sciences Division, College of Pharmacy, Oregon State University , 2730 SW Moody Avenue, CL5CP Portland, Oregon 97201, United States
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284
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González-Vera JA, Morris MC. Fluorescent Reporters and Biosensors for Probing the Dynamic Behavior of Protein Kinases. Proteomes 2015; 3:369-410. [PMID: 28248276 PMCID: PMC5217393 DOI: 10.3390/proteomes3040369] [Citation(s) in RCA: 35] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/17/2015] [Revised: 09/30/2015] [Accepted: 10/23/2015] [Indexed: 12/20/2022] Open
Abstract
Probing the dynamic activities of protein kinases in real-time in living cells constitutes a major challenge that requires specific and sensitive tools tailored to meet the particular demands associated with cellular imaging. The development of genetically-encoded and synthetic fluorescent biosensors has provided means of monitoring protein kinase activities in a non-invasive fashion in their native cellular environment with high spatial and temporal resolution. Here, we review existing technologies to probe different dynamic features of protein kinases and discuss limitations where new developments are required to implement more performant tools, in particular with respect to infrared and near-infrared fluorescent probes and strategies which enable improved signal-to-noise ratio and controlled activation of probes.
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Affiliation(s)
- Juan A González-Vera
- Cell Cycle Biosensors & Inhibitors, Department of Amino Acids, Peptides and Proteins, Institute of Biomolecules Max Mousseron (IBMM) CNRS-UMR 5247, 15 Avenue Charles Flahault, Montpellier 34093, France.
| | - May C Morris
- Cell Cycle Biosensors & Inhibitors, Department of Amino Acids, Peptides and Proteins, Institute of Biomolecules Max Mousseron (IBMM) CNRS-UMR 5247, 15 Avenue Charles Flahault, Montpellier 34093, France.
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285
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Fakhrejahani E, Torii M, Kitai T, Kanao S, Asao Y, Hashizume Y, Mikami Y, Yamaga I, Kataoka M, Sugie T, Takada M, Haga H, Togashi K, Shiina T, Toi M. Clinical Report on the First Prototype of a Photoacoustic Tomography System with Dual Illumination for Breast Cancer Imaging. PLoS One 2015; 10:e0139113. [PMID: 26506106 PMCID: PMC4624636 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0139113] [Citation(s) in RCA: 42] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/29/2015] [Accepted: 09/08/2015] [Indexed: 12/16/2022] Open
Abstract
Photoacoustic tomography is a recently developed imaging modality that can provide high spatial-resolution images of hemoglobin distribution in tissues such as the breast. Because breast cancer is an angiogenesis-dependent type of malignancy, we evaluated the clinical acceptability of breast tissue images produced using our first prototype photoacoustic mammography (PAM) system in patients with known cancer. Post-excisionally, histological sections of the tumors were stained immunohistochemically (IHC) for CD31 (an endothelial marker) and carbonic anhydrase IX (CAIX) (a marker of hypoxia). Whole-slide scanning and image analyses were used to evaluate the tumor microvessel distribution pattern and to calculate the total vascular perimeter (TVP)/area for each lesion. In this clinical study, 42 lesions were primarily scanned using PAM preoperatively, three of which were reported to be benign and were excluded from statistical analysis. Images were produced for 29 out of 39 cancers (visibility rate = 74.4%) at the median depth of 26.5 (3.25-51.2) mm. Age, menopausal status, body mass index, history of neoadjuvant treatment, clinical stage and histological tumor angiogenesis markers did not seem to affect the visibility. The oxygen saturation level in all of the measured lesions was lower than in the subcutaneous counterpart vessels (Wilcoxon test, p value<0.001), as well as in the counterpart contralateral normal breast region of interest (ROI) (Wilcoxon test, p value = 0.001). Although the oxygen saturation level was not statistically significant between CAIX-positive vs. -negative cases, lesional TVP/area showed a positive correlation with the oxygen saturation level only in the group that had received therapy before PAM. In conclusion, the vascular and oxygenation data obtained by PAM have great potential for identifying functional features of breast tumors.
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Affiliation(s)
- Elham Fakhrejahani
- Department of Breast Surgery, Graduate School of Medicine, Kyoto University, Kyoto, Japan
| | - Masae Torii
- Department of Breast Surgery, Graduate School of Medicine, Kyoto University, Kyoto, Japan
| | - Toshiyuki Kitai
- Department of Surgery, Kishiwada City Hospital, Osaka, Japan
| | - Shotaro Kanao
- Department of Diagnostic Imaging and Nuclear Medicine, Graduate School of Medicine, Kyoto University, Kyoto, Japan
| | - Yasufumi Asao
- Department of Breast Surgery, Graduate School of Medicine, Kyoto University, Kyoto, Japan
- Canon Inc., Tokyo, Japan
| | | | - Yoshiki Mikami
- Department of Diagnostic Pathology, Kumamoto University Hospital, Kumamoto, Japan
| | - Iku Yamaga
- Department of Breast Surgery, Graduate School of Medicine, Kyoto University, Kyoto, Japan
| | - Masako Kataoka
- Department of Diagnostic Imaging and Nuclear Medicine, Graduate School of Medicine, Kyoto University, Kyoto, Japan
| | - Tomoharu Sugie
- Department of Surgery, Kansai Medical University, Osaka, Japan
| | - Masahiro Takada
- Department of Breast Surgery, Graduate School of Medicine, Kyoto University, Kyoto, Japan
| | - Hironori Haga
- Department of Diagnostic Pathology, Graduate School of Medicine, Kyoto University, Kyoto, Japan
| | - Kaori Togashi
- Department of Diagnostic Imaging and Nuclear Medicine, Graduate School of Medicine, Kyoto University, Kyoto, Japan
| | - Tsuyoshi Shiina
- Department of Human Health Sciences, Graduate School of Medicine, Kyoto University, Kyoto, Japan
| | - Masakazu Toi
- Department of Breast Surgery, Graduate School of Medicine, Kyoto University, Kyoto, Japan
- * E-mail:
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286
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Kawakubo K, Ohnishi S, Hatanaka Y, Hatanaka KC, Hosono H, Kubota Y, Kamiya M, Kuwatani M, Kawakami H, Urano Y, Sakamoto N. Feasibility of Using an Enzymatically Activatable Fluorescence Probe for the Rapid Evaluation of Pancreatic Tissue Obtained Using Endoscopic Ultrasound-Guided Fine Needle Aspiration: a Pilot Study. Mol Imaging Biol 2015; 18:463-71. [DOI: 10.1007/s11307-015-0898-5] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/27/2023]
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287
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Sato C, Abe S, Saito Y, So Tsuruki E, Takamaru H, Makazu M, Sato Y, Sasaki H, Tanaka H, Ikezawa N, Yamada M, Sakamoto T, Nakajima T, Matsuda T, Kushima R, Kamiya M, Maeda S, Urano Y. A pilot study of fluorescent imaging of colorectal tumors using a γ-glutamyl-transpeptidase-activatable fluorescent probe. Digestion 2015; 91:70-6. [PMID: 25632921 DOI: 10.1159/000369367] [Citation(s) in RCA: 23] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/04/2023]
Abstract
UNLABELLED Backgrounds/Aim: Colorectal laterally spreading tumors (LSTs) are sometimes difficult to visualize even with image-enhanced endoscopy. γ-Glutamyl-transpeptidase (GGT) is a cell surface-associated enzyme that is overexpressed in various types of human cancers. Furthermore, GGT expression is higher in colorectal cancer cells than in normal colorectal mucosa. γ-Glutamyl hydroxymethyl rhodamine green (gGlu-HMRG), an activatable fluorescent probe, is nonfluorescent under a neutral pH and normal cellular environment; however, it turns highly fluorescent upon reaction with GGT. We evaluated ex vivo fluorescent imaging of colorectal LSTs using this GGT-activatable fluorescent probe. METHODS Between March 2013 and March 2014, 30 endoscopically resected colorectal LSTs were prospectively included in this study. Each was analyzed by first taking a baseline image before spraying, then spraying with gGlu-HMRG onto the freshly resected specimen, and finally taking fluorescent images 15 min after spraying with a dedicated imaging machine. RESULTS Of the LSTs, 67% rapidly showed positive fluorescent activity. These activities were shown in adenoma (54%) and carcinoma in adenoma (76%), and in LST-granular type (80%) and LST-nongranular type (40%). CONCLUSION Topically spraying gGlu-HMRG enabled rapid and selective fluorescent imaging of colorectal tumors owing to the upregulated GGT activity in cancer cells.
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Affiliation(s)
- Chiko Sato
- Endoscopy Division, National Cancer Center Hospital, Tokyo, Japan
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288
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Azarm A, Islamian JP, Mahmoudian B, Gharepapagh E. The Effect of Parallel-hole Collimator Material on Image and Functional Parameters in SPECT Imaging: A SIMIND Monte Carlo Study. World J Nucl Med 2015; 14:160-4. [PMID: 26420985 PMCID: PMC4564917 DOI: 10.4103/1450-1147.163242] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/04/2022] Open
Abstract
The collimator in single-photon emission computed tomography (SPECT) is a critical component of the imaging system and plays an impressive role in the imaging quality. In this study, the effect of the collimator material on the radioisotopic image and its functional parameters was studied. The simulating medical imaging nuclear detectors (SIMIND) Monte Carlo program was used to simulate a Siemens E.CAM SPECT (Siemens Medical Solutions, Erlangen, Germany) system equipped with a low-energy high-resolution (LEHR) collimator. The simulation and experimental data from the SPECT imaging modality using 99mTc were obtained on a point source and Jaszczak phantom. Seventeen high atomic number materials were considered as LEHR collimator materials. In order to determine the effect of the collimator material on the image and functional parameters, the energy resolution, spatial resolution, contrast, and collimator characteristics parameters such as septal penetration and scatter-to-primary ratio were investigated. Energy spectra profiles, full width at half maximums (FWHMs) (mm) of the point spread function (PSF) curves, system sensitivity, and contrast of cold spheres of the Jaszczak phantom for the simulated and experiment systems have acceptability superimposed. The results of FWHM and energy resolution for the 17 collimators showed that the collimator made of 98% lead and 2% antimony could provide the best FWHM and energy resolution, 7.68 mm and 9.87%, respectively. The LEHR collimator with 98% lead and 2% antimony offers the best resolution and contrast when compared to other high atomic number metals and alloys.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ahmadreza Azarm
- Department of Medical Physics, Faculty of Medicine, Tabriz University of Medical Sciences, Tabriz, Iran
| | - Jalil Pirayesh Islamian
- Department of Medical Physics, Faculty of Medicine, Tabriz University of Medical Sciences, Tabriz, Iran
| | - Babak Mahmoudian
- Nuclear Medicine Unit, Department of Radiology, Faculty of Medicine, Tabriz University of Medical Sciences, Tabriz, Iran
| | - Esmaeil Gharepapagh
- Nuclear Medicine Unit, Department of Radiology, Faculty of Medicine, Tabriz University of Medical Sciences, Tabriz, Iran
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289
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Salamanca-Cardona L, Keshari KR. (13)C-labeled biochemical probes for the study of cancer metabolism with dynamic nuclear polarization-enhanced magnetic resonance imaging. Cancer Metab 2015; 3:9. [PMID: 26380082 PMCID: PMC4570227 DOI: 10.1186/s40170-015-0136-2] [Citation(s) in RCA: 32] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/09/2015] [Accepted: 09/07/2015] [Indexed: 11/30/2022] Open
Abstract
In recent years, advances in metabolic imaging have become dependable tools for the diagnosis and treatment assessment in cancer. Dynamic nuclear polarization (DNP) has recently emerged as a promising technology in hyperpolarized (HP) magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) and has reached clinical relevance with the successful visualization of [1-13C] pyruvate as a molecular imaging probe in human prostate cancer. This review focuses on introducing representative compounds relevant to metabolism that are characteristic of cancer tissue: aerobic glycolysis and pyruvate metabolism, glutamine addiction and glutamine/glutamate metabolism, and the redox state and ascorbate/dehydroascorbate metabolism. In addition, a brief introduction of probes that can be used to trace necrosis, pH changes, and other pathways relevant to cancer is presented to demonstrate the potential that HP MRI has to revolutionize the use of molecular imaging for diagnosis and assessment of treatments in cancer.
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Affiliation(s)
- Lucia Salamanca-Cardona
- Department of Radiology and Molecular Pharmacology and Chemistry Program, Memorial Sloan Kettering Cancer Center (MSKCC), 1275 York Avenue, New York, NY 10065 USA
| | - Kayvan R Keshari
- Department of Radiology and Molecular Pharmacology and Chemistry Program, Memorial Sloan Kettering Cancer Center (MSKCC), 1275 York Avenue, New York, NY 10065 USA
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290
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Tanaka N, Lajud SA, Ramsey A, Szymanowski AR, Ruffner R, O'Malley BW, Li D. Application of infrared-based molecular imaging to a mouse model with head and neck cancer. Head Neck 2015; 38 Suppl 1:E1351-7. [PMID: 26348614 DOI: 10.1002/hed.24226] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/12/2014] [Revised: 07/08/2015] [Accepted: 07/20/2015] [Indexed: 02/06/2023] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND This study investigated whether near infrared (NIR) or visible fluorescent molecular imaging produced a better representation of a mouse model with head and neck squamous cell carcinoma (HNSCC). Additionally, the study explored whether epidermal growth factor receptor (EGFR)-targeted probes could play an important role in the diagnosis of HNSCC. METHODS An orthotopic mouse model of HNSCC labeled with the NIR fluorophore, infrared fluorescent protein (iRFP), was developed and monitored noninvasively in real time. The tumors were further evaluated using tumor-specific EGFR-targeted probes conjugated with an NIR dye (IRDye800), or a visible fluorescent protein. RESULTS The iRFP cell line produced better results than cells emitting visible light when studying local, distant, and deep tumors in the mouse model. The EGFR-targeted probe conjugated with IRDye800 accurately detected tumor perimeters. CONCLUSION This model has great potential as a unique tool in the study of HNSCC tumor development. © 2015 Wiley Periodicals, Inc. Head Neck 38: E1351-E1357, 2016.
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Affiliation(s)
- Nobuaki Tanaka
- Department of Otolaryngology - Head and Neck Surgery, University of Pennsylvania School of Medicine, Philadelphia, Pennsylvania.,Department of Otolaryngology - Head and Neck Surgery, National Defense Medical College, Tokorozawa, Saitama, Japan
| | - Shayanne A Lajud
- Department of Otolaryngology - Head and Neck Surgery, University of Pennsylvania School of Medicine, Philadelphia, Pennsylvania
| | - Andrew Ramsey
- Department of Otolaryngology - Head and Neck Surgery, University of Pennsylvania School of Medicine, Philadelphia, Pennsylvania
| | - Adam R Szymanowski
- Department of Otolaryngology - Head and Neck Surgery, University of Pennsylvania School of Medicine, Philadelphia, Pennsylvania
| | - Randall Ruffner
- Department of Otolaryngology - Head and Neck Surgery, University of Pennsylvania School of Medicine, Philadelphia, Pennsylvania
| | - Bert W O'Malley
- Department of Otolaryngology - Head and Neck Surgery, University of Pennsylvania School of Medicine, Philadelphia, Pennsylvania
| | - Daqing Li
- Department of Otolaryngology - Head and Neck Surgery, University of Pennsylvania School of Medicine, Philadelphia, Pennsylvania
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291
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Liu HY, Wu PJ, Kuo SY, Chen CP, Chang EH, Wu CY, Chan YH. Quinoxaline-Based Polymer Dots with Ultrabright Red to Near-Infrared Fluorescence for In Vivo Biological Imaging. J Am Chem Soc 2015; 137:10420-9. [DOI: 10.1021/jacs.5b06710] [Citation(s) in RCA: 146] [Impact Index Per Article: 16.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/19/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Hong-Yi Liu
- Department
of Chemistry, National Sun Yat-sen University, 70 Lien Hai Road, Kaohsiung, Taiwan 80424
| | - Pei-Jing Wu
- Department
of Chemistry, National Sun Yat-sen University, 70 Lien Hai Road, Kaohsiung, Taiwan 80424
| | - Shih-Yu Kuo
- Department
of Chemistry, National Sun Yat-sen University, 70 Lien Hai Road, Kaohsiung, Taiwan 80424
| | - Chuan-Pin Chen
- Department
of Chemistry, National Sun Yat-sen University, 70 Lien Hai Road, Kaohsiung, Taiwan 80424
| | - En-Hao Chang
- Department
of Chemistry, National Sun Yat-sen University, 70 Lien Hai Road, Kaohsiung, Taiwan 80424
| | - Chang-Yi Wu
- Department
of Biological Sciences, National Sun Yat-sen University, 70 Lien Hai
Road, Kaohsiung, Taiwan 80424
| | - Yang-Hsiang Chan
- Department
of Chemistry, National Sun Yat-sen University, 70 Lien Hai Road, Kaohsiung, Taiwan 80424
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292
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Bakermans AJ, Abdurrachim D, Moonen RPM, Motaal AG, Prompers JJ, Strijkers GJ, Vandoorne K, Nicolay K. Small animal cardiovascular MR imaging and spectroscopy. PROGRESS IN NUCLEAR MAGNETIC RESONANCE SPECTROSCOPY 2015; 88-89:1-47. [PMID: 26282195 DOI: 10.1016/j.pnmrs.2015.03.001] [Citation(s) in RCA: 20] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/12/2014] [Revised: 03/09/2015] [Accepted: 03/09/2015] [Indexed: 06/04/2023]
Abstract
The use of MR imaging and spectroscopy for studying cardiovascular disease processes in small animals has increased tremendously over the past decade. This is the result of the remarkable advances in MR technologies and the increased availability of genetically modified mice. MR techniques provide a window on the entire timeline of cardiovascular disease development, ranging from subtle early changes in myocardial metabolism that often mark disease onset to severe myocardial dysfunction associated with end-stage heart failure. MR imaging and spectroscopy techniques play an important role in basic cardiovascular research and in cardiovascular disease diagnosis and therapy follow-up. This is due to the broad range of functional, structural and metabolic parameters that can be quantified by MR under in vivo conditions non-invasively. This review describes the spectrum of MR techniques that are employed in small animal cardiovascular disease research and how the technological challenges resulting from the small dimensions of heart and blood vessels as well as high heart and respiratory rates, particularly in mice, are tackled.
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Affiliation(s)
- Adrianus J Bakermans
- Biomedical NMR, Department of Biomedical Engineering, Eindhoven University of Technology, Eindhoven, The Netherlands; Academic Medical Center, University of Amsterdam, Amsterdam, The Netherlands
| | - Desiree Abdurrachim
- Biomedical NMR, Department of Biomedical Engineering, Eindhoven University of Technology, Eindhoven, The Netherlands
| | - Rik P M Moonen
- Biomedical NMR, Department of Biomedical Engineering, Eindhoven University of Technology, Eindhoven, The Netherlands
| | - Abdallah G Motaal
- Biomedical NMR, Department of Biomedical Engineering, Eindhoven University of Technology, Eindhoven, The Netherlands; Academic Medical Center, University of Amsterdam, Amsterdam, The Netherlands
| | - Jeanine J Prompers
- Biomedical NMR, Department of Biomedical Engineering, Eindhoven University of Technology, Eindhoven, The Netherlands
| | - Gustav J Strijkers
- Biomedical NMR, Department of Biomedical Engineering, Eindhoven University of Technology, Eindhoven, The Netherlands; Academic Medical Center, University of Amsterdam, Amsterdam, The Netherlands
| | - Katrien Vandoorne
- Biomedical NMR, Department of Biomedical Engineering, Eindhoven University of Technology, Eindhoven, The Netherlands
| | - Klaas Nicolay
- Biomedical NMR, Department of Biomedical Engineering, Eindhoven University of Technology, Eindhoven, The Netherlands.
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293
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Abstract
A basic understanding of how imaging nanoparticles are removed from the normal organs/tissues but retained in the tumors is important for their future clinical applications in early cancer diagnosis and therapy. In this review, we discuss current understandings of clearance pathways and tumor targeting of small-molecule- and inorganic-nanoparticle-based imaging probes with an emphasis on molecular nanoprobes, a class of inorganic nanoprobes that can escape reticuloendothelial system (RES) uptake and be rapidly eliminated from the normal tissues/organs via kidneys but can still passively target the tumor with high efficiency through the enhanced permeability permeability and retention (EPR) effect. The impact of nanoparticle design (size, shape, and surface chemistry) on their excretion, pharmacokinetics, and passive tumor targeting were quantitatively discussed. Synergetic integration of effective renal clearance and EPR effect offers a promising pathway to design low-toxicity and high-contrast-enhancement imaging nanoparticles that could meet with the clinical translational requirements of regulatory agencies.
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294
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de Boer E, Moore LS, Warram JM, Huang CC, Brandwein-Gensler MS, van Dam GM, Rosenthal EL, Schmalbach CE. On the horizon: Optical imaging for cutaneous squamous cell carcinoma. Head Neck 2015; 38 Suppl 1:E2204-13. [PMID: 25899874 DOI: 10.1002/hed.24079] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Accepted: 04/13/2015] [Indexed: 12/16/2022] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Surgical resection with negative margins remains the standard of care for high-risk cutaneous squamous cell carcinoma (SCC). However, surgical management is often limited by poor intraoperative tumor visualization and inability to detect occult nodal metastasis. The inability to intraoperatively detect microscopic disease can lead to additional surgery, tumor recurrence, and decreased survival. METHODS A comprehensive literature review was conducted to identify studies incorporating optical imaging technology in the management of cutaneous SCC (January 1, 2000-December 1, 2014). RESULTS Several innovative optical imaging techniques, Raman spectroscopy, confocal microscopy, and fluorescence imaging, have been developed for intraoperative surgical guidance. Fifty-seven studies review the ability of these techniques to improve cutaneous SCC localization at the gross and microscopic level. CONCLUSION Significant advances have been achieved with real-time optical imaging strategies for intraoperative cutaneous SCC margin assessment and tumor detection. Optical imaging holds promise in improving the percentage of negative surgical margins and in the early detection of micrometastatic disease. © 2015 Wiley Periodicals, Inc. Head Neck 38: E2204-E2213, 2016.
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Affiliation(s)
- Esther de Boer
- Division of Otolaryngology, University of Alabama at Birmingham, Birmingham, Alabama.,Department of Surgery, University Medical Center Groningen, University of Groningen, Groningen, The Netherlands
| | - Lindsay S Moore
- Division of Otolaryngology, University of Alabama at Birmingham, Birmingham, Alabama
| | - Jason M Warram
- Division of Otolaryngology, University of Alabama at Birmingham, Birmingham, Alabama
| | - Conway C Huang
- Department of Dermatology, University of Alabama at Birmingham, Birmingham, Alabama
| | - Margaret S Brandwein-Gensler
- Division of Anatomic Pathology, Department of Pathology, University of Alabama at Birmingham, Birmingham, Alabama
| | - Gooitzen M van Dam
- Department of Surgery, University Medical Center Groningen, University of Groningen, Groningen, The Netherlands
| | - Eben L Rosenthal
- Division of Otolaryngology, University of Alabama at Birmingham, Birmingham, Alabama
| | - Cecelia E Schmalbach
- Division of Otolaryngology, University of Alabama at Birmingham, Birmingham, Alabama
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295
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Mondal SB, Gao S, Zhu N, Sudlow GP, Liang K, Som A, Akers WJ, Fields RC, Margenthaler J, Liang R, Gruev V, Achilefu S. Binocular Goggle Augmented Imaging and Navigation System provides real-time fluorescence image guidance for tumor resection and sentinel lymph node mapping. Sci Rep 2015; 5:12117. [PMID: 26179014 PMCID: PMC4503986 DOI: 10.1038/srep12117] [Citation(s) in RCA: 43] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/09/2015] [Accepted: 06/01/2015] [Indexed: 12/21/2022] Open
Abstract
The inability to identify microscopic tumors and assess surgical margins in real-time during oncologic surgery leads to incomplete tumor removal, increases the chances of tumor recurrence, and necessitates costly repeat surgery. To overcome these challenges, we have developed a wearable goggle augmented imaging and navigation system (GAINS) that can provide accurate intraoperative visualization of tumors and sentinel lymph nodes in real-time without disrupting normal surgical workflow. GAINS projects both near-infrared fluorescence from tumors and the natural color images of tissue onto a head-mounted display without latency. Aided by tumor-targeted contrast agents, the system detected tumors in subcutaneous and metastatic mouse models with high accuracy (sensitivity = 100%, specificity = 98% ± 5% standard deviation). Human pilot studies in breast cancer and melanoma patients using a near-infrared dye show that the GAINS detected sentinel lymph nodes with 100% sensitivity. Clinical use of the GAINS to guide tumor resection and sentinel lymph node mapping promises to improve surgical outcomes, reduce rates of repeat surgery, and improve the accuracy of cancer staging.
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Affiliation(s)
- Suman B Mondal
- 1] Department of Radiology, Washington University School of Medicine, St. Louis, MO, USA [2] Department of Biomedical Engineering, Washington University, St. Louis, MO, USA
| | - Shengkui Gao
- Department of Computer Science and Engineering, Washington University, St. Louis, MO, USA
| | - Nan Zhu
- College of Optical Sciences, The University of Arizona, Tuscon, AZ, USA
| | - Gail P Sudlow
- Department of Radiology, Washington University School of Medicine, St. Louis, MO, USA
| | - Kexian Liang
- Department of Radiology, Washington University School of Medicine, St. Louis, MO, USA
| | - Avik Som
- 1] Department of Radiology, Washington University School of Medicine, St. Louis, MO, USA [2] Department of Biomedical Engineering, Washington University, St. Louis, MO, USA
| | - Walter J Akers
- Department of Radiology, Washington University School of Medicine, St. Louis, MO, USA
| | - Ryan C Fields
- Department of Surgery, Barnes-Jewish Hospital, and the Alvin J. Siteman Cancer Center, Washington University School of Medicine, St. Louis, MO, USA
| | - Julie Margenthaler
- Department of Surgery, Barnes-Jewish Hospital, and the Alvin J. Siteman Cancer Center, Washington University School of Medicine, St. Louis, MO, USA
| | - Rongguang Liang
- College of Optical Sciences, The University of Arizona, Tuscon, AZ, USA
| | - Viktor Gruev
- Department of Computer Science and Engineering, Washington University, St. Louis, MO, USA
| | - Samuel Achilefu
- 1] Department of Radiology, Washington University School of Medicine, St. Louis, MO, USA [2] Department of Biomedical Engineering, Washington University, St. Louis, MO, USA [3] Department of Biochemistry &Molecular Biophysics, Washington University School of Medicine, St. Louis, MO, USA
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296
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Bhowmik A, Repaka R, Mulaveesala R, Mishra SC. Suitability of frequency modulated thermal wave imaging for skin cancer detection—A theoretical prediction. J Therm Biol 2015; 51:65-82. [DOI: 10.1016/j.jtherbio.2015.03.007] [Citation(s) in RCA: 23] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/29/2014] [Revised: 03/15/2015] [Accepted: 03/16/2015] [Indexed: 11/27/2022]
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297
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Jiang JX, Keating JJ, Jesus EMD, Judy RP, Madajewski B, Venegas O, Okusanya OT, Singhal S. Optimization of the enhanced permeability and retention effect for near-infrared imaging of solid tumors with indocyanine green. AMERICAN JOURNAL OF NUCLEAR MEDICINE AND MOLECULAR IMAGING 2015; 5:390-400. [PMID: 26269776 PMCID: PMC4529592] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/21/2015] [Accepted: 05/26/2015] [Indexed: 06/04/2023]
Abstract
Surgery is the most effective method to cure patients with solid tumors. New techniques in near-infrared (NIR) cancer imaging are being used to identify surgical margins and residual tumor cells in the wound. Our goal was to determine the optimal time and dose for imaging solid tumors using Indocyanine Green. Syngeneic murine flank tumor models were used to test NIR imaging of ICG at various doses ranging from 0 to 10 mg/kg. Imaging was performed immediately after injection and up to 72 hours later. Biodistribution in the blood and murine organs were quantified by spectroscopy and fluorescence microscopy. Based on these results, a six patient dose titration study was performed. In murine flank tumors, the tumor-to-background ratio (TBR) for ICG at doses less than 5 mg/kg were less than 2 fold at all time points, and the surgeons could not subjectively identify tissue contrast. However, for doses ranging from 5 mg/kg to 10 mg/kg, the TBR ranged from 2.1 to 8.0. The tumor signal was best appreciated at 24 hours and the background was least pronounced after 24 hours. Biodistribution studies in the blood and murine organs revealed excretion through the biliary tree and gastrointestinal tract, with minimal blood fluorescence at the higher doses. A follow up pilot study confirmed that these findings were applicable to lung cancer patients, and tumor was clearly delineated from surrounding normal tissue by NIR imaging. For non-hepatic solid tumors, we found ICG was optimal when dosed at 5 mg/kg and 24 hours before surgery.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jack X Jiang
- Department of Surgery, Division of Thoracic Surgery, University of Pennsylvania School of Medicine Philadelphia, Pennsylvania
| | - Jane J Keating
- Department of Surgery, Division of Thoracic Surgery, University of Pennsylvania School of Medicine Philadelphia, Pennsylvania
| | - Elizabeth M De Jesus
- Department of Surgery, Division of Thoracic Surgery, University of Pennsylvania School of Medicine Philadelphia, Pennsylvania
| | - Ryan P Judy
- Department of Surgery, Division of Thoracic Surgery, University of Pennsylvania School of Medicine Philadelphia, Pennsylvania
| | - Brian Madajewski
- Department of Surgery, Division of Thoracic Surgery, University of Pennsylvania School of Medicine Philadelphia, Pennsylvania
| | - Ollin Venegas
- Department of Surgery, Division of Thoracic Surgery, University of Pennsylvania School of Medicine Philadelphia, Pennsylvania
| | - Olugbenga T Okusanya
- Department of Surgery, Division of Thoracic Surgery, University of Pennsylvania School of Medicine Philadelphia, Pennsylvania
| | - Sunil Singhal
- Department of Surgery, Division of Thoracic Surgery, University of Pennsylvania School of Medicine Philadelphia, Pennsylvania
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298
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Abstract
Technology has transformed surgery more within the last 30 years than the previous 2000 years of human history combined. These innovations have changed not only how the surgeon practices but have also altered the very essence of what it is to be a surgeon in the modern era. Beyond the industrial revolution, today's information revolution allows patients access to an abundance of easily accessible, unfiltered information which they can use to evaluate their surgical treatment, and truly participate in their personal care. We are entering yet another revolution specifically affecting surgeons, where the traditional surgical tools of our craft are becoming "smart." Intelligence in surgical tools and connectivity based on sensory data, processing, and analysis are enabling and enhancing a surgeon's capacity and capability. Given the tempo of change, within one generation the traditional role and identity of a surgeon will be fully transformed. In this article, the impact of the information revolution, technological advances combined with smart connectivity on the changing role of surgery will be considered.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sharifa Himidan
- Pediatric General and Thoracic Surgery, Hospital for Sick Children, University of Toronto, Toronto, Ontario
| | - Peter Kim
- Sheikh Zayed Institute for Pediatric Surgical Innovation, Children׳s National Health System, Washington District of Columbia; The Joseph E. Robert Jr Center for Surgical Care, Children׳s National Health System, 111 Michigan Ave NW, Washington District of Columbia 20010; George Washington University, Washington District of Columbia.
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299
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Subramanian N, Sreemanthula JB, Balaji B, Kanwar JR, Biswas J, Krishnakumar S. A strain-promoted alkyne-azide cycloaddition (SPAAC) reaction of a novel EpCAM aptamer-fluorescent conjugate for imaging of cancer cells. Chem Commun (Camb) 2015; 50:11810-3. [PMID: 25005751 DOI: 10.1039/c4cc02996h] [Citation(s) in RCA: 21] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/16/2023]
Abstract
For the first time, a novel EpCAM aptamer (SYL3C)-DIBO-AF594 fluorescent conjugate was synthesised by bioorthogonal chemistry utilizing a strain promoted alkyne-azide cycloaddition (copper free click) reaction (SPAAC). The ligation efficiency of SPAAC was improved by freeze-thaw cycles. The obtained conjugate showed target specific binding and aided in the imaging of various EpCAM positive cancer cell lines like MCF7, MDAMB453, Weri-RB1 and PC3.
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Affiliation(s)
- Nithya Subramanian
- Department of Nanobiotechnology, Kamalnayan Bajaj Research Institute, Vision Research Foundation, Chennai, India.
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300
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Daskalaki D, Aguilera F, Patton K, Giulianotti PC. Fluorescence in robotic surgery. J Surg Oncol 2015; 112:250-6. [PMID: 25974861 DOI: 10.1002/jso.23910] [Citation(s) in RCA: 46] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/09/2015] [Accepted: 03/08/2015] [Indexed: 12/14/2022]
Abstract
Currently, there are several clinical applications for intraoperative ICG, such as identification of vascular and biliary anatomy, assessment of organ and tissue perfusion, lymph node mapping, and real-time identification of lesions. In this paper we present a review of the available literature related to the use of ICG fluorescence in robotic surgery in order to provide a better understanding of the current applications, show the rapid growth of this technique, and demonstrate the potential future applications.
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Affiliation(s)
- Despoina Daskalaki
- Department of Surgery, Division of Minimally Invasive and Robotic Surgery, University of Illinois Hospital and Health Sciences System, Chicago, Illinois
| | - Fabiola Aguilera
- Department of Surgery, Division of Minimally Invasive and Robotic Surgery, University of Illinois Hospital and Health Sciences System, Chicago, Illinois
| | - Kristin Patton
- Department of Surgery, Division of Minimally Invasive and Robotic Surgery, University of Illinois Hospital and Health Sciences System, Chicago, Illinois
| | - Pier Cristoforo Giulianotti
- Department of Surgery, Division of Minimally Invasive and Robotic Surgery, University of Illinois Hospital and Health Sciences System, Chicago, Illinois
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