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Abnormal development of early auditory processing in 22q11.2 Deletion Syndrome. Transl Psychiatry 2019; 9:138. [PMID: 30992427 PMCID: PMC6467880 DOI: 10.1038/s41398-019-0473-y] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/13/2018] [Revised: 01/25/2019] [Accepted: 03/23/2019] [Indexed: 12/12/2022] Open
Abstract
The 22q11.2 Deletion Syndrome (22q11.2 DS) is one of the highest genetic risk factors for the development of schizophrenia spectrum disorders. In schizophrenia, reduced amplitude of the frequency mismatch negativity (fMMN) has been proposed as a promising neurophysiological marker for progressive brain pathology. In this longitudinal study in 22q11.2 DS, we investigate the progression of fMMN between childhood and adolescence, a vulnerable period for brain maturation. We measured evoked potentials to auditory oddball stimuli in the same sample of 16 patients with 22q11.2 DS and 14 age-matched controls in childhood and adolescence. In addition, we cross-sectionally compared an increased sample of 51 participants with 22q11.2 DS and 50 controls divided into two groups (8-14 and 14-20 years). The reported results are obtained using the fMMN difference waveforms. In the longitudinal design, the 22q11.2 deletion carriers exhibit a significant reduction in amplitude and a change in topographic patterns of the mismatch negativity response from childhood to adolescence. The same effect, reduced mismatch amplitude in adolescence, while preserved during childhood, is observed in the cross-sectional study. These results point towards functional changes within the brain network responsible for the fMMN. In addition, the adolescents with 22q11.2 DS displayed a significant increase in amplitude over central electrodes during the auditory N1 component. No such differences, reduced mismatch response nor increased N1, were observed in the typically developing group. These findings suggest different developmental trajectories of early auditory sensory processing in 22q11.2 DS and functional changes that emerge during the critical period of increased risk for schizophrenia spectrum disorders.
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302
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Effect of acoustic features on discrimination ability in individuals with auditory neuropathy spectrum disorder: an electrophysiological and behavioral study. Eur Arch Otorhinolaryngol 2019; 276:1633-1641. [PMID: 30937559 DOI: 10.1007/s00405-019-05405-9] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/14/2019] [Accepted: 03/20/2019] [Indexed: 10/27/2022]
Abstract
PURPOSE The present study aimed to investigate the discrimination ability for acoustic cues in individuals with auditory neuropathy spectrum disorder (ANSD) using both behavioral and neural measures and to compare the result with normal hearing individuals. METHODS Four naturally produced syllables /ba/, /da/, /ma/ and /pa/ were used to study discrimination skills. They were combined in pairs such that the two syllables differ in acoustic features, that is place (/ba/-/da/), manner (/ba/-/ma/) and voicing (/ba/-/pa/) cues. Thirty individuals with ANSD and 30 individuals with normal hearing sensitivity were the participants. Syllable discrimination skill was assessed using behavioral (reaction time, sensitivity and D-prime) and neural (P300) measures. RESULTS There was prolongation in latency and reduction in amplitude of P300 in individuals with ANSD compared to individuals with normal hearing sensitivity. Individuals with ANSD showed better discrimination skill for stimulus pairs differing in the manner followed by place and the least perceived was voicing information. CONCLUSION Discrimination ability of individuals with ANSD is found to be affected as evident on behavioral and neural measures. The discrimination ability varies with acoustic features of speech.
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Kruiper C, Fagerlund B, Nielsen MØ, Düring S, Jensen MH, Ebdrup BH, Glenthøj BY, Oranje B. Associations between P3a and P3b amplitudes and cognition in antipsychotic-naïve first-episode schizophrenia patients. Psychol Med 2019; 49:868-875. [PMID: 29914589 DOI: 10.1017/s0033291718001575] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/13/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Cognitive deficits are already present in early stages of schizophrenia. P3a and P3b event-related potentials (ERPs) are believed to underlie the processes of attention and working memory (WM), yet limited research has been performed on the associations between these parameters. Therefore, we explored possible associations between P3a/b amplitudes and cognition in a large cohort of antipsychotic-naïve, first-episode schizophrenia (AN-FES) patients and healthy controls (HC). METHODS Seventy-three AN-FES patients and 93 age- and gender-matched HC were assessed for their P3a/b amplitude with an auditory oddball paradigm. In addition, subjects performed several subtests from the Cambridge Neuropsychological Test Automated Battery (CANTAB). RESULTS AN-FES patients had significantly reduced P3a/b amplitudes, as well as significantly lower scores on all cognitive tests compared with HC. Total group correlations revealed positive associations between P3b amplitude and WM and sustained attention and negative associations with all reaction time measures. These associations appeared mainly driven by AN-FES patients, where we found a similar pattern. No significant associations were found between P3b amplitude and cognitive measures in our HC. P3a amplitude did not correlate significantly with any cognitive measures in either group, nor when combined. CONCLUSIONS Our results provide further evidence for P3a/b amplitude deficits and cognitive deficits in AN-FES patients, which are neither due to antipsychotics nor to disease progress. Furthermore, our data showed significant, yet weak associations between P3b and cognition. Therefore, our data do not supply evidence for deficient P3a/b amplitudes as direct underlying factors for cognitive deficits in schizophrenia.
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Affiliation(s)
- Caitlyn Kruiper
- Center for Neuropsychiatric Schizophrenia Research (CNSR) and Center for Clinical Intervention and Neuropsychiatric Schizophrenia Research (CINS), Mental Health Centre Glostrup, University of Copenhagen,Copenhagen,Denmark
| | - Birgitte Fagerlund
- Center for Neuropsychiatric Schizophrenia Research (CNSR) and Center for Clinical Intervention and Neuropsychiatric Schizophrenia Research (CINS), Mental Health Centre Glostrup, University of Copenhagen,Copenhagen,Denmark
| | - Mette Ø Nielsen
- Center for Neuropsychiatric Schizophrenia Research (CNSR) and Center for Clinical Intervention and Neuropsychiatric Schizophrenia Research (CINS), Mental Health Centre Glostrup, University of Copenhagen,Copenhagen,Denmark
| | - Signe Düring
- Center for Neuropsychiatric Schizophrenia Research (CNSR) and Center for Clinical Intervention and Neuropsychiatric Schizophrenia Research (CINS), Mental Health Centre Glostrup, University of Copenhagen,Copenhagen,Denmark
| | - Maria H Jensen
- Center for Neuropsychiatric Schizophrenia Research (CNSR) and Center for Clinical Intervention and Neuropsychiatric Schizophrenia Research (CINS), Mental Health Centre Glostrup, University of Copenhagen,Copenhagen,Denmark
| | - Bjørn H Ebdrup
- Center for Neuropsychiatric Schizophrenia Research (CNSR) and Center for Clinical Intervention and Neuropsychiatric Schizophrenia Research (CINS), Mental Health Centre Glostrup, University of Copenhagen,Copenhagen,Denmark
| | - Birte Y Glenthøj
- Center for Neuropsychiatric Schizophrenia Research (CNSR) and Center for Clinical Intervention and Neuropsychiatric Schizophrenia Research (CINS), Mental Health Centre Glostrup, University of Copenhagen,Copenhagen,Denmark
| | - Bob Oranje
- Center for Neuropsychiatric Schizophrenia Research (CNSR) and Center for Clinical Intervention and Neuropsychiatric Schizophrenia Research (CINS), Mental Health Centre Glostrup, University of Copenhagen,Copenhagen,Denmark
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304
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Ferreira DA, Bueno CD, de Costa SS, Sleifer P. Mismatch Negativity in Children: Reference Values. Int Arch Otorhinolaryngol 2019; 23:142-146. [PMID: 30956696 PMCID: PMC6449125 DOI: 10.1055/s-0038-1667313] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/07/2017] [Accepted: 06/02/2018] [Indexed: 12/21/2022] Open
Abstract
Introduction The Mismatch Negativity (MMN) auditory evoked potential evaluation is a promising procedure to assess objectively the ability of auditory discrimination. Objective To characterize the latency and amplitude values of MMN in children with normal auditory thresholds and without auditory complaints. Methods Children between 5 and 11 years old participated in the present study. All participants underwent acoustic immittance measurements and tonal and vocal audiometry. The MMN was recorded with the MASBE ATC Plus system (Contronic, Pelotas, RS, Brazil). The electrodes were fixed in Fz (active electrode), Fpz (ground electrode) and in M2 and M1 (references electrodes). The intensity used was 80 dBHL, the frequent stimulus was 1,000 Hz and the rare stimulus was 2,000 Hz. The stimuli were presented in both ears separately. Results For the female group, the mean latencies and amplitude of MMN were 177.3 ms and 5.01 μV in the right ear (RE) and 182.4 ms and 5.39 μV in the left ear (LE). In the male group, the mean latencies were 194.4 ms in the RE and 183.6 ms in the LE, with an amplitude of 5.11 μV in the RE and 5.83 μV in the LE. There was no statistically significant difference between ears ( p = 0.867 - latency and p = 0.178 - amplitude), age ( p > 0.20) and the gender of the participants ( p > 0.05). Conclusion Using the described protocol, the mean latency value of MMN was 184.0 ms for RE and 182.9 ms for LE, and the amplitude was 5.05 μV and 5.56 μV for the left and right ears, respective.
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Affiliation(s)
- Dulce Azevedo Ferreira
- Department of Human Health and Communication, Universidade Federal do Rio Grande do Sul, Porto Alegre, RS, Brazil
| | - Claudine Devicari Bueno
- Department of Human Health and Communication, Universidade Federal do Rio Grande do Sul, Porto Alegre, RS, Brazil
| | - Sady Selaimen de Costa
- Department of Ophthalmology and Otorhinolaringology, Universidade Federal do Rio Grande do Sul, Porto Alegre, RS, Brazil
| | - Pricila Sleifer
- Department of Human Health and Communication, Universidade Federal do Rio Grande do Sul, Porto Alegre, RS, Brazil
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305
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Li J, Yu ZL, Gu Z, Wu W, Li Y, Jin L. A Hybrid Network for ERP Detection and Analysis Based on Restricted Boltzmann Machine. IEEE Trans Neural Syst Rehabil Eng 2019. [PMID: 29522400 DOI: 10.1109/tnsre.2018.2803066] [Citation(s) in RCA: 25] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/09/2022]
Abstract
Detecting and Please provide the correct one analyzing the event-related potential (ERP) remains an important problem in neuroscience. Due to the low signal-to-noise ratio and complex spatio-temporal patterns of ERP signals, conventional methods usually rely on ensemble averaging technique for reliable detection, which may obliterate subtle but important information in each trial of ERP signals. Inspired by deep learning methods, we propose a novel hybrid network termed ERP-NET. With hybrid deep structure, the proposed network is able to learn complex spatial and temporal patterns from single-trial ERP signals. To verify the effectiveness of ERP-NET, we carried out a few ERP detection experiments that the proposed model achieved cutting-edge performance. The experimental results demonstrate that the patterns learned by the ERP-NET are discriminative ERP components in which the ERP signals are properly characterized. More importantly, as an effective approach to single-trial analysis, ERP-NET is able to discover new ERP patterns which are significant to neuroscience study as well as BCI applications. Therefore, the proposed ERP-NET is a promising tool for the research on ERP signals.
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306
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Peter V, Fratturo L, Sharma M. Electrophysiological and behavioural study of localisation in presence of noise. Int J Audiol 2019; 58:345-354. [PMID: 30890004 DOI: 10.1080/14992027.2019.1575989] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/27/2022]
Abstract
OBJECTIVE The ability to determine the location of the sound source is often important for effective communication. However, it is not clear how the localisation is affected by background noise. In the current study, localisation in quiet versus noise was evaluated in adults both behaviourally, and using MMN and P3b. DESIGN The speech token/da/was presented in a multi-deviant oddball paradigm in quiet and in presence of speech babble at +5 dB SNR. The deviants were presented at locations that differed from the standard by 30°, 60° and 90°. STUDY SAMPLE Sixteen normal hearing adults between the age range of 18-35 years participated in the study. RESULTS The results showed that participants were significantly faster and more accurate at identifying deviants presented at 60° and 90° as compared to 30°. Neither reaction times nor electrophysiological measures (MMN/P3b) were affected by the background noise. The deviance magnitude (30°, 60° and 90°) did not affect the MMN amplitude, but the smaller deviant (30°) generated P3b with smaller amplitude. CONCLUSIONS Under the stimulus paradigm and measures employed in this study, localisation ability as effectively sampled appeared resistant to speech babble interference.
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Affiliation(s)
- Varghese Peter
- a MARCS Institute for Brain, Behaviour and Development , Western Sydney University , Penrith , Australia.,b Department of Linguistics , Macquarie University , North Ryde , Australia.,c The HEARing Cooperative Research Centre , Melbourne , Victoria , Australia
| | - Luke Fratturo
- d The Balance Clinic and Laboratory , Royal Prince Alfred Hospital , Camperdown , Australia
| | - Mridula Sharma
- b Department of Linguistics , Macquarie University , North Ryde , Australia.,c The HEARing Cooperative Research Centre , Melbourne , Victoria , Australia
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307
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Uhrig S, Mittag G, Möller S, Voigt-Antons JN. Neural correlates of speech quality dimensions analyzed using electroencephalography (EEG). J Neural Eng 2019; 16:036009. [DOI: 10.1088/1741-2552/aaf122] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/12/2022]
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308
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Magnuson JR, Peatfield NA, Fickling SD, Nunes AS, Christie G, Vakorin V, D’Arcy RCN, Ribary U, Iarocci G, Moreno S, Doesburg SM. Electrophysiology of Inhibitory Control in the Context of Emotion Processing in Children With Autism Spectrum Disorder. Front Hum Neurosci 2019; 13:78. [PMID: 30914937 PMCID: PMC6422887 DOI: 10.3389/fnhum.2019.00078] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/23/2018] [Accepted: 02/14/2019] [Indexed: 11/13/2022] Open
Abstract
Autism Spectrum Disorder (ASD) is an increasingly common developmental disorder that affects 1 in 59 children. Despite this high prevalence of ASD, knowledge regarding the biological basis of its associated cognitive difficulties remains scant. In this study, we aimed to identify altered neurophysiological responses underlying inhibitory control and emotion processing difficulties in ASD, together with their associations with age and various domains of cognitive and social function. This was accomplished by assessing electroencephalographic recordings during an emotional go/nogo task alongside parent rating scales of behavior. Event related potential (ERP) N200 component amplitudes were reduced in children with ASD compared to typically developing (TD) children. No group differences were found, however, for task performance, P300 amplitude or latency, or N170 amplitude or latency, suggesting that individuals with ASD may only present conflict monitoring abnormalities, as reflected by the reduced N200 component, compared to TD individuals. Consistent with previous findings, increased age correlated with improved task performance scores and reduced N200 amplitude in the TD group, indicating that as these children develop, their neural systems become more efficient. These associations were not identified in the ASD group. Results also showed significant associations between increased N200 amplitudes and improved executive control abilities and decreased autism traits in TD children only. The newly discovered findings of decreased brain activation in children with ASD, alongside differences in correlations with age compared to TD children, provide a potential neurophysiological indicator of atypical development of inhibitory control mechanisms in these individuals.
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Affiliation(s)
- Justine R. Magnuson
- Department of Biomedical Physiology and Kinesiology, Simon Fraser University, Burnaby, BC, Canada
- Behavioural and Cognitive Neuroscience Institute, Simon Fraser University, Burnaby, BC, Canada
| | | | - Shaun D. Fickling
- School of Engineering Science, Simon Fraser University, Surrey, BC, Canada
- NeuroTech Laboratory, Surrey Memorial Hospital, Surrey, BC, Canada
| | - Adonay S. Nunes
- Department of Biomedical Physiology and Kinesiology, Simon Fraser University, Burnaby, BC, Canada
- Behavioural and Cognitive Neuroscience Institute, Simon Fraser University, Burnaby, BC, Canada
| | - Greg Christie
- Digital Health Hub, Simon Fraser University, Surrey, BC, Canada
- AGE-WELL National Innovation Hub: Digital Health Circle, Surrey, BC, Canada
| | - Vasily Vakorin
- Department of Biomedical Physiology and Kinesiology, Simon Fraser University, Burnaby, BC, Canada
- Behavioural and Cognitive Neuroscience Institute, Simon Fraser University, Burnaby, BC, Canada
| | - Ryan C. N. D’Arcy
- School of Engineering Science, Simon Fraser University, Surrey, BC, Canada
- NeuroTech Laboratory, Surrey Memorial Hospital, Surrey, BC, Canada
- Surrey Memorial Hospital, Health Sciences and Innovation, Surrey, BC, Canada
| | - Urs Ribary
- Behavioural and Cognitive Neuroscience Institute, Simon Fraser University, Burnaby, BC, Canada
- Department of Psychology, Simon Fraser University, Burnaby, BC, Canada
- Department Pediatrics and Psychiatry, University of British Columbia, Vancouver, BC, Canada
- BC Children’s Hospital Research Institute, Vancouver, BC, Canada
| | - Grace Iarocci
- Department of Psychology, Simon Fraser University, Burnaby, BC, Canada
| | - Sylvain Moreno
- Digital Health Hub, Simon Fraser University, Surrey, BC, Canada
- AGE-WELL National Innovation Hub: Digital Health Circle, Surrey, BC, Canada
- Department of School of Interactive Art and Technology, Simon Fraser University, Surrey, BC, Canada
| | - Sam M. Doesburg
- Department of Biomedical Physiology and Kinesiology, Simon Fraser University, Burnaby, BC, Canada
- Behavioural and Cognitive Neuroscience Institute, Simon Fraser University, Burnaby, BC, Canada
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309
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Ragazzoni A, Di Russo F, Fabbri S, Pesaresi I, Di Rollo A, Perri RL, Barloscio D, Bocci T, Cosottini M, Sartucci F. "Hit the missing stimulus". A simultaneous EEG-fMRI study to localize the generators of endogenous ERPs in an omitted target paradigm. Sci Rep 2019; 9:3684. [PMID: 30842443 PMCID: PMC6403295 DOI: 10.1038/s41598-019-39812-z] [Citation(s) in RCA: 35] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/07/2018] [Accepted: 01/11/2019] [Indexed: 11/09/2022] Open
Abstract
Event-Related Potentials (ERPs) occurring independently from any stimulus are purely endogenous (emitted potentials) and their neural generators can be unequivocally linked with cognitive processes. In the present study, the subjects performed two similar visual counting tasks: a standard two-stimulus oddball, and an omitted-target oddball task, characterized by the physical absence of the target stimulus. Our investigation aimed at localizing the neural sources of the scalp-recorded endogenous/emitted ERPs. To optimize the source localization, the high temporal resolution of electrophysiology was combined with the fine spatial information provided by the simultaneous recording of functional magnetic resonance (fMRI). Both tasks identified two endogenous ERP components in the 300 to 520 ms interval. An earlier component, pP2, showed a bilateral generator in the anterior Insula. A later P3 component (P3b) was generated bilaterally in the temporal-parietal junction, the premotor and motor area and the anterior intraparietal sulcus (this latter one only in the standard oddball). Anticipatory slow waves (beginning 900 to 500 ms pre-stimulus), also of endogenous nature, were produced by the inferior and middle frontal gyrus and the supplementary and cingulate motor areas. Our protocol disentangled pre- from post-stimulus fMRI activations and provided original clues to the psychophysiological interpretation of emitted/endogenous ERPs.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Francesco Di Russo
- Department of Movement, Human and Health Sciences, University of Rome "Foro Italico", Rome, Italy.
| | - Serena Fabbri
- Neuroradiology Unit, A.O.U.P., Pisa, Italy.,Department of Translational Research and New Technologies in Medicine and Surgery, University of Pisa, Pisa, Italy
| | | | - Andrea Di Rollo
- Department of Clinical and Experimental Medicine, Unit of Neurophysiopathology, Pisa University Medical School, Pisa, Italy
| | - Rinaldo Livio Perri
- Department of Movement, Human and Health Sciences, University of Rome "Foro Italico", Rome, Italy
| | - Davide Barloscio
- Department of Clinical and Experimental Medicine, Unit of Neurophysiopathology, Pisa University Medical School, Pisa, Italy
| | - Tommaso Bocci
- Department of Clinical and Experimental Medicine, Unit of Neurophysiopathology, Pisa University Medical School, Pisa, Italy.,"Aldo Ravelli" Center for Neurotechnology and Experiental Brain Therapeutics, Department of Health Sciences, University of Milan & ASST Santi Paolo e Carlo, Milan, Italy
| | - Mirco Cosottini
- Neuroradiology Unit, A.O.U.P., Pisa, Italy.,Department of Translational Research and New Technologies in Medicine and Surgery, University of Pisa, Pisa, Italy
| | - Ferdinando Sartucci
- Department of Clinical and Experimental Medicine, Unit of Neurophysiopathology, Pisa University Medical School, Pisa, Italy.,CNR, Neuroscience Institute, Pisa, Italy
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310
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311
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Jack BN, Le Pelley ME, Griffiths O, Luque D, Whitford TJ. Semantic prediction-errors are context-dependent: An ERP study. Brain Res 2019; 1706:86-92. [PMID: 30391305 DOI: 10.1016/j.brainres.2018.10.034] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/28/2018] [Revised: 10/29/2018] [Accepted: 10/30/2018] [Indexed: 10/28/2022]
Abstract
The human brain is an efficient, adaptive, and predictive machine, constructing a generative model of the environment that we then perceive and become conscious of. Here, we show that different types of prediction-errors - the discrepancies between top-down expectations and bottom-up sensory input - are integrated across processing levels and sensory modalities of the cortical hierarchy. We designed a novel, hybrid protocol in which five prediction-establishing sounds were played in rapid succession (e.g., "meow", "meow", "meow", etc.), followed by either a standard (e.g., "meow") or a deviant (e.g., "woof") prime sound, then a visual target word that was either congruent or incongruent (e.g., "cat" or "dog") with the prime sound. We found that the deviants elicited a more negative voltage than the standards at about 150 ms - the mismatch negativity (MMN), an event-related potential (ERP) sensitive to low-level perceptual violations - and that the incongruent words elicited a more negative voltage than the congruent words at about 350 ms - the N400, an ERP sensitive to high-level semantic violations. We also found that the N400 was context-dependent: the N400 was larger when the target words were preceded by a standard than a deviant. Our results suggest that perceptual prediction-errors modulate subsequent semantic prediction-errors. We conclude that our results are consistent with one of the most important assumptions of predictive coding theories: hierarchical prediction-error processing.
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Affiliation(s)
| | | | - Oren Griffiths
- School of Psychology, UNSW Sydney, Sydney, Australia; School of Psychology, Flinders University, Adelaide, Australia
| | - David Luque
- School of Psychology, UNSW Sydney, Sydney, Australia; Department of Basic Psychology, University of Malaga, Malaga, Spain
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312
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Anand S, Thomas S, Jayachandra M, Thomas T, Strand TA, Kurpad AV, Duggan CP, Srinivasan K. Effects of maternal B12 supplementation on neurophysiological outcomes in children: a study protocol for an extended follow-up from a placebo randomised control trial in Bangalore, India. BMJ Open 2019; 9:e024426. [PMID: 30782904 PMCID: PMC6377540 DOI: 10.1136/bmjopen-2018-024426] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/04/2022] Open
Abstract
INTRODUCTION Vitamin B12 deficiency is highly prevalent in pregnant Indian women. Neuropsychological tests have shown an association between low maternal vitamin B12 status and poorer cognitive performances in the offspring, although findings from these studies have been inconsistent. Vitamin B12 has an important role in the formation of myelin which is important for the transmission speed of neural impulses and myelination in the central nervous system has been linked to cognition. Assessing neurophysiological measures using event-related potentials (ERPs) in children may provide additional information on the effect of maternal vitamin B12 supplementation on offspring brain function. The study examines the effects of oral vitamin B12 daily supplements (50 µg) to pregnant Indian women on child neurophysiological function at 72 months. METHODS AND ANALYSIS We previously conducted a double-blind, placebo-controlled study to examine the effects of maternal vitamin B12 supplementation on cognitive outcomes in their offspring using the Bayley scales of infant development, third edition. In this extended follow-up of the same cohort of mother-child dyad, we propose to use ERP to study the long-term impact of maternal B12 supplementation on brain function in children at 72 months of age. We intend to use P300 and mismatch negativity (MMN) as measures of neurophysiological outcomes. The primary outcome of this study will be child neurophysiological measures (as measured by amplitude and latency of P300 and MMN) assessed at 72 months of age in children whose mothers received vitamin B12 compared with neurophysiological status of children whose mothers received placebo. ETHICS AND DISSEMINATION The study was approved by the Institutional Ethical Board of St. John's Medical College and the Harvard School of Public Health Human Subjects Committee. Results obtained will be presented at national and international research meetings and published in peer-reviewed scientific journals. TRIAL REGISTRATION NUMBER NCT00641862.
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Affiliation(s)
- Shilpa Anand
- Division of Mental Health and Neurosciences, St. John's Research Institute, Bangalore, Karnataka, India
| | - Susan Thomas
- Division of Mental Health and Neurosciences, St. John's Research Institute, Bangalore, Karnataka, India
| | - Mahesh Jayachandra
- Division of Mental Health and Neurosciences, St. John's Research Institute, Bangalore, Karnataka, India
| | - Tinku Thomas
- Department of Biostatistics, St John's Medical College, Bangalore, Karnataka, India
| | - Tor Arne Strand
- Centre for International Health, University of Bergen, Bergen, Norway
| | - Anura V Kurpad
- Division of Nutrition, St. John's Research Institute, Bangalore, Karnataka, India
| | - Christopher P Duggan
- Center for Nutrition, Division of Gastroenterology, Hepatology and Nutrition, Boston Children's Hospital, Boston, Massachusetts, USA
| | - Krishnamachari Srinivasan
- St John's Research Institute, St John's National Academy of Health Sciences, Bangalore, Karnataka, India
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313
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Dissanayaka NNW, Au TR, Angwin AJ, Iyer KK, O'Sullivan JD, Byrne GJ, Silburn PA, Marsh R, Mellick GD, Copland DA. Depression symptomatology correlates with event-related potentials in Parkinson's disease: An affective priming study. J Affect Disord 2019; 245:897-904. [PMID: 30699874 DOI: 10.1016/j.jad.2018.11.094] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/12/2018] [Revised: 11/01/2018] [Accepted: 11/12/2018] [Indexed: 11/25/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Depression is a predominant non-motor symptom of Parkinson's disease (PD), which is often under recognised and undertreated. To improve identification of depression in PD it is imperative to examine objective brain-related markers. The present study addresses this gap by using electroencephalography (EEG) to evaluate the processing of emotionally valanced words in PD. METHODS Fifty non-demented PD patients, unmedicated for depression or anxiety, completed an affective priming task while EEG was simultaneously recorded. Prime and target word pairs of negative or neutral valence were presented at a short 250 ms stimulus onset asynchrony. Participants were asked to evaluate the valence of the target word by button press. Depression was measured using an established rating scale. Repeated measures analysis of covariance and correlational analyses were performed to examine whether event-related potentials (ERP) varied as a function of depression scores. RESULTS Key ERP findings reveal reduced responses in parietal midline P300, N400 and Late Positive Potential (LPP) difference waves between congruent and incongruent neutral targets in patients with higher depression scores. LIMITATIONS Comparisons of ERPs were limited by insufficient classification of participants with and without clinical depression. A majority of PD patients who had high depression scores were excluded from the analysis as they were receiving antidepressant and/or anxiolytic medications which could interfere with ERP sensitivity. CONCLUSIONS The present study suggests that the Pz-P300, N400 and LPP are ERP markers relates to emotional dysfunction in PD. These findings thus advance current knowledge regarding the neurophysiological markers of a common neuropsychiatric deficit in PD.
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Affiliation(s)
- Nadeeka N W Dissanayaka
- UQ Centre for Clinical Research, Faculty of Medicine, The University of Queensland, Royal Brisbane & Women's Hospital, Herston, Brisbane QLD4029, Australia; Department of Neurology, Royal Brisbane & Women's Hospital, Herston, Brisbane QLD4029, Australia; School of Psychology, The University of Queensland, St Lucia, Brisbane QLD4067, Australia.
| | - Tiffany R Au
- UQ Centre for Clinical Research, Faculty of Medicine, The University of Queensland, Royal Brisbane & Women's Hospital, Herston, Brisbane QLD4029, Australia
| | - Anthony J Angwin
- School of Health & Rehabilitation Sciences, The University of Queensland, St Lucia, Brisbane QLD4067, Australia
| | - Kartik K Iyer
- UQ Centre for Clinical Research, Faculty of Medicine, The University of Queensland, Royal Brisbane & Women's Hospital, Herston, Brisbane QLD4029, Australia
| | - John D O'Sullivan
- UQ Centre for Clinical Research, Faculty of Medicine, The University of Queensland, Royal Brisbane & Women's Hospital, Herston, Brisbane QLD4029, Australia; Department of Neurology, Royal Brisbane & Women's Hospital, Herston, Brisbane QLD4029, Australia
| | - Gerard J Byrne
- UQ Centre for Clinical Research, Faculty of Medicine, The University of Queensland, Royal Brisbane & Women's Hospital, Herston, Brisbane QLD4029, Australia; Mental Health Service, Royal Brisbane & Women's Hospital, Herston, Brisbane QLD4029, Australia
| | - Peter A Silburn
- Asia-Pacific Centre for Neuromodulation, Queensland Brain Institute, The University of Queensland, St Lucia, QLD, Brisbane QLD4067, Australia
| | - Rodney Marsh
- Asia-Pacific Centre for Neuromodulation, Queensland Brain Institute, The University of Queensland, St Lucia, QLD, Brisbane QLD4067, Australia
| | - George D Mellick
- Griffith Institute for Drug Discovery, Griffith University, Nathan, Brisbane QLD4111, Australia
| | - David A Copland
- UQ Centre for Clinical Research, Faculty of Medicine, The University of Queensland, Royal Brisbane & Women's Hospital, Herston, Brisbane QLD4029, Australia; School of Health & Rehabilitation Sciences, The University of Queensland, St Lucia, Brisbane QLD4067, Australia
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314
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Xiao Y, Wu J, Tang W, Sun C, Ma F, Guo L. Cognition Impairment Prior to Errors of Working Memory Based on Event-Related Potential. Front Behav Neurosci 2019; 13:13. [PMID: 30809135 PMCID: PMC6379263 DOI: 10.3389/fnbeh.2019.00013] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/08/2018] [Accepted: 01/16/2019] [Indexed: 12/27/2022] Open
Abstract
Cognitive impairment contributes to errors in different tasks. Poor attention and poor cognitive control are the two neural mechanisms for performance errors. A few studies have been conducted on the error mechanism of working memory. It is unclear whether the changes in memory updating, attention, and cognitive control can cause errors and, if so, whether they can be probed at the same time in one single task. Therefore, this study analyzed event-related potentials in a two-back working memory task. A total of 40 male participants finished the task. The differences between the error and the correct trials in amplitudes and latencies of N1, P2, N2, and P3 were analyzed. The P2 and P3 amplitudes decreased significantly in the error trials, while the N2 amplitude increased. The results showed that impaired attention, poor memory updating, and impaired cognitive control were consistently associated with the error in working memory. Furthermore, the results suggested that monitoring the neurophysiological characteristics associated with attention and cognitive control was important for studying the error mechanism and error prediction. The results also suggested that the P3 and N2 amplitudes could be used as indexes for error foreshadowing.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yi Xiao
- National Key Laboratory of Human Factors Engineering, China Astronaut Research and Training Center, Beijing, China
| | - Jintao Wu
- National Key Laboratory of Human Factors Engineering, China Astronaut Research and Training Center, Beijing, China.,School of Biological Science and Medical Engineering, Beihang University, Beijing, China
| | - Weicai Tang
- National Key Laboratory of Human Factors Engineering, China Astronaut Research and Training Center, Beijing, China
| | - Chenhui Sun
- National Key Laboratory of Human Factors Engineering, China Astronaut Research and Training Center, Beijing, China
| | - Feng Ma
- National Key Laboratory of Human Factors Engineering, China Astronaut Research and Training Center, Beijing, China.,School of Aerospace Engineering, Tsinghua University, Beijing, China
| | - Lingling Guo
- National Key Laboratory of Human Factors Engineering, China Astronaut Research and Training Center, Beijing, China.,Department of Psychology, Zhejiang Sci-Tech University, Hangzhou, China
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315
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Effect of antenatal and infant micronutrient supplementation on middle childhood and early adolescent development outcomes in Tanzania. Eur J Clin Nutr 2019; 73:1283-1290. [PMID: 30718805 PMCID: PMC6679819 DOI: 10.1038/s41430-019-0403-3] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/13/2018] [Revised: 01/20/2019] [Accepted: 01/22/2019] [Indexed: 11/26/2022]
Abstract
Background: There is growing evidence that nutritional interventions in the first 1,000 days of life may influence long-term health and development outcomes. Few studies have examined the effect of maternal and infant micronutrient supplementation on development outcomes in sub-Saharan Africa. Methods: We conducted a follow-up study of two randomized trials of antenatal and infant micronutrient supplementation conducted in Dar es Salaam, Tanzania. We assessed the effect of maternal multiple micronutrient (MMN) supplementation in pregnancy on development of children at 11–14 years of age. We also examined the effect of infant zinc and MMN supplementation on development at 6–8 years of age. We use generalized linear models to assess standardized mean differences (SMDs) in general intelligence, executive function and mental health scores. Results: We followed-up 446 children whose mothers were enrolled in the maternal MMN supplementation trial and 365 children who were enrolled in the infant zinc and MMN supplementation trial. We found no effect of maternal MMN supplementation on general intelligence (SMD: −0.03; 95% CI: −0.15, 0.09), executive function (SMD: 0.00; 95% CI: −0.11, 0.11) and mental health scores (SMD: 0.06; 95% CI: −0.10, 0.22). We also found no effect of either infant zinc or MMN supplementation on any of the three development domains (p-values >0.05). Conclusions: We found that antenatal MMN supplementation and infant zinc and MMN supplementation did not have a large effect on development outcomes in middle childhood and early adolescence in Tanzania.
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316
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Electrophysiological assessment methodology of sensory processing dysfunction in schizophrenia and dementia of the Alzheimer type. Neurosci Biobehav Rev 2019; 97:70-84. [DOI: 10.1016/j.neubiorev.2018.09.004] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/20/2017] [Revised: 09/04/2018] [Accepted: 09/05/2018] [Indexed: 12/26/2022]
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317
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Shibasaki M, Namba M, Kamijo Y, Ito T, Kakigi R, Nakata H. Effects of repetitive exercise and thermal stress on human cognitive processing. Physiol Rep 2019; 7:e14003. [PMID: 30806993 PMCID: PMC6383110 DOI: 10.14814/phy2.14003] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/24/2018] [Accepted: 01/24/2019] [Indexed: 11/24/2022] Open
Abstract
Cognitive performances may improve after acute moderate exercise, but not after prolonged and/or heavy exercise. The present study aimed to investigate the effects of environmental temperature during exercise on human cognitive processing. Fifteen healthy males performed four bouts of a 15-min cycling exercise with a 10-min rest between each bout, and event-related potentials (ERPs) were recorded in five sessions during somatosensory Go/No-go paradigms (i.e., Pre, post-first exercise bout, post-second exercise bout, post-third exercise bout, and post-fourth exercise bout) in an environmental chamber with temperature controlled at 20°C (Temperate) and 35°C (Hot). Increases in external canal temperature and heart rate were greater under the 35°C condition than under the 20°C condition. Regardless of thermal conditions, reaction times (RT) and error rates were not affected by the repetition of moderate exercise, whereas the peak amplitude of the N140 component, which is mainly related to somatosensory processing, was significantly reduced with the repetition of the exercise. However the peak amplitude of P300, which is linked to cognitive processes of context updating, context closure, and event-categorization, was significantly smaller in post-third and post-fourth exercise bouts under the 35°C condition than under the 20°C condition, and this decrease was more prominent in No-go trials under the 35°C condition. These results suggest that executive function, which is based on RTs and error rates, is not affected by prolonged exercise and different thermal conditions, whereas the exercise in a hot environment impairs human cognitive processing, particularly response inhibition.
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Affiliation(s)
- Manabu Shibasaki
- Faculty of Human Life and EnvironmentDepartment of Health SciencesNara Women's UniversityNaraJapan
| | - Mari Namba
- Graduate School of Humanities and SciencesNara Women's UniversityNaraJapan
| | - Yoshi‐Ichiro Kamijo
- Department of Rehabilitation MedicineWakamaya Medical UniversityWakayamaJapan
| | - Tomoyuki Ito
- Department of Rehabilitation MedicineKyoto Prefectural University of MedicineKyotoJapan
| | - Ryusuke Kakigi
- Department of Integrative PhysiologyNational Institute for Physiological SciencesOkazakiJapan
| | - Hiroki Nakata
- Faculty of Human Life and EnvironmentDepartment of Health SciencesNara Women's UniversityNaraJapan
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318
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Heckman P, Blokland A, Sambeth A. No interaction between rivastigmine and citalopram on memory and novelty processing in healthy human volunteers. J Psychopharmacol 2019; 33:210-218. [PMID: 30226087 PMCID: PMC6381448 DOI: 10.1177/0269881118796816] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/17/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Animal literature suggests an interaction between acetylcholine and serotonin on cognitive functions. AIMS The aim of the current study was to assess whether both neurotransmitters interact during memory and novelty processing in humans. METHODS We tested the interaction between acetylcholine and serotonin on cognitive functions in healthy volunteers by means of treatment with rivastigmine and citalopram, respectively. RESULTS The main result of the study showed that during the verbal learning task participants significantly recalled fewer words after citalopram treatment than after rivastigmine or placebo during both the immediate and delayed recall tasks. Rivastigmine was not able to reverse the impairing effect of citalopram. CONCLUSIONS This finding is in line with previous studies in which we manipulated acetylcholine and serotonin in different manners. Taken together, these studies in humans do not support the notion from animal studies that these two neurotransmitters interact on cognitive functions.
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Affiliation(s)
- Pra Heckman
- 1 Department of Neuropsychology and Psychopharmacology, Maastricht University, The Netherlands.,2 Department of Psychiatry and Neuropsychology, Maastricht University, The Netherlands
| | - A Blokland
- 1 Department of Neuropsychology and Psychopharmacology, Maastricht University, The Netherlands
| | - A Sambeth
- 1 Department of Neuropsychology and Psychopharmacology, Maastricht University, The Netherlands
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319
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Tanner D. Robust neurocognitive individual differences in grammatical agreement processing: A latent variable approach. Cortex 2019; 111:210-237. [DOI: 10.1016/j.cortex.2018.10.011] [Citation(s) in RCA: 28] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/13/2018] [Revised: 09/08/2018] [Accepted: 10/11/2018] [Indexed: 01/27/2023]
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320
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Age-related differences in Voice-Onset-Time in Polish language users: An ERP study. Acta Psychol (Amst) 2019; 193:18-29. [PMID: 30580059 DOI: 10.1016/j.actpsy.2018.12.002] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/21/2018] [Revised: 11/15/2018] [Accepted: 12/06/2018] [Indexed: 11/23/2022] Open
Abstract
Using the Mismatch Negativity (MMN) paradigm we investigated for the first time cortical responses to consonant - vowel (CV) syllables differing in Voice-Onset-Time (VOT) for Polish, a member of the Slavic group of languages. The study aimed at testing age-related effects on different ERP responses in young (20-30 years of age) and elderly (60-68 years) native Polish speakers. Participants were presented with a sequence of voiced and voiceless stop CV syllables /to/ and /do/ with different VOT values (-100 ms, -70 ms, -30 ms, -20 ms, +20 ms, +50 ms). We analyzed MMN and P1, N1, N1', P2, N2 components. Our results showed an age-related decline in voicing perception in all tested ERP components. This decline could be explained in relation to a general slowing in neural processing with advancing age and may be associated with difficulties in temporal- and spectral-information processing in elderly people. Our findings revealed also that specific features of Slavic languages influence ERP morphology in a different way than reported in the literature for aspirating languages.
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321
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Engström E, Kallioinen P, Nakeva von Mentzer C, Lindgren M, Ors M, Sahlén B, Lyxell B, Uhlén I. Computer-assisted reading intervention for children with sensorineural hearing loss using hearing aids: Effects on auditory event-related potentials and mismatch negativity. Int J Pediatr Otorhinolaryngol 2019; 117:17-25. [PMID: 30579075 DOI: 10.1016/j.ijporl.2018.11.005] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/04/2018] [Revised: 09/27/2018] [Accepted: 11/02/2018] [Indexed: 02/05/2023]
Abstract
OBJECTIVES The primary aim was to investigate whether computer-assisted reading intervention somehow can affect event-related potentials (ERP) and mismatch negativity (MMN) in hearing impaired (HI) children with hearing aids (HAs) and normal hearing (NH) children. METHODS The study included 15 HI children with sensorineural hearing loss (SNHL) using bilateral HAs and 14 NH children as a reference group; all children between the ages of 5 and 8. A multi-feature MMN-paradigm, Optimum-1, with a standard stimulus alternating with 5 different deviants was used. ERPs were recorded pre and post intervention, i.e. one month of repeatedly computer-assisted training (GraphoGame). MMN was calculated from the average ERP of each deviant minus standard. Data were based on samples within a specific time interval, 80-224 ms, and repeated measures ANOVA was used to analyze possible interactions. RESULTS There was a significant difference between groups before training, though, the mean obligatory responses or MMN was not statistically significantly different before versus after training, neither among the NH nor the HI children. Further, the HI children did generally achieve lower levels in GraphoGame compared to the NH children. Altogether, our findings indicate differences between the groups and that training may affect the neurophysiological processing in the brain, gaining the HI children. Both MMN and positive mismatch response (pMMR) were seen among both the HA and NH children, irrespective to deviant type. Individually, changes of the MMN and pMMR after training seem unpredictable. CONCLUSION There are statistically significant differences in both the obligatory responses in ERP and the MMNs between the NH and HI groups before the computer-assisted training. Though, these differences disappear after the intervention. This suggests possible training effects regarding the central auditory processing among the HI children.
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Affiliation(s)
- Elisabet Engström
- Department of Clinical Science, Intervention and Technology (CLINTEC), Karolinska Institutet, 171 77 Stockholm, Sweden; Department of Otoneurology, Karolinska University Hospital, 141 86 Stockholm, Sweden.
| | - Petter Kallioinen
- Department of Linguistics, Stockholm University, 106 91 Stockholm, Sweden.
| | - Cecilia Nakeva von Mentzer
- Department of Behavorial Sciences and Learning, Swedish Institute for Disability Research, Linköping University, 581 83 Linköping, Sweden.
| | - Magnus Lindgren
- Department of Psychology, Lund University, 221 00 Lund, Sweden; Cognition, Communication & Learning, Lund University, 221 00 Lund, Sweden.
| | - Marianne Ors
- Department of Clinical Neurophysiology, Skåne University Hospital, 221 85 Lund, Sweden; Cognition, Communication & Learning, Lund University, 221 00 Lund, Sweden.
| | - Birgitta Sahlén
- Lund University, Faculty of Medicine, Department of Clinical Sciences, Logopedics, Phoniatrics & Audiology, Lasarettsgatan 21, 22 185 Lund, Sweden; Cognition, Communication & Learning, Lund University, 221 00 Lund, Sweden.
| | - Björn Lyxell
- Department of Behavorial Sciences and Learning, Swedish Institute for Disability Research, Linköping University, 581 83 Linköping, Sweden.
| | - Inger Uhlén
- Department of Clinical Science, Intervention and Technology (CLINTEC), Karolinska Institutet, 171 77 Stockholm, Sweden; Department of Otoneurology, Karolinska University Hospital, 141 86 Stockholm, Sweden.
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322
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Kapanci T, Merks S, Rammsayer TH, Troche SJ. On the Relationship between P3 Latency and Mental Ability as a Function of Increasing Demands in a Selective Attention Task. Brain Sci 2019; 9:brainsci9020028. [PMID: 30700060 PMCID: PMC6406371 DOI: 10.3390/brainsci9020028] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/30/2018] [Revised: 01/23/2019] [Accepted: 01/24/2019] [Indexed: 11/16/2022] Open
Abstract
The mental speed approach to individual differences in mental ability (MA) is based on the assumption of higher speed of information processing in individuals with higher than those with lower MA. Empirical support of this assumption has been inconsistent when speed was measured by means of the P3 latency in the event-related potential (ERP). The present study investigated the association between MA and P3 latency as a function of task demands on selective attention. For this purpose, 20 men and 90 women performed on a standard continuous performance test (CPT1 condition) as well as on two further task conditions with lower (CPT0) and higher demands (CPT2) on selective attention. MA and P3 latency negatively correlated in the standard CPT, and this negative relationship even increased systematically from the CPT1 to the CPT2 condition but was absent in the CPT0 condition. The present results indicate that task demands on selective attention are decisive to observe the expected shorter P3 latency in individuals with higher compared to those with lower MA.
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Affiliation(s)
- Tugba Kapanci
- Department of Psychology and Psychotherapy, University of Witten/Herdecke, 58448 Witten, Germany.
| | - Sarah Merks
- Institute Human in Complex Systems, School for Applied Psychology, University of Applied Sciences and Arts Northwestern Switzerland, 4600 Olten, Switzerland.
| | | | - Stefan J Troche
- Institute for Psychology, University of Bern, 3012 Bern, Switzerland.
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323
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Karimi Boroujeni M, Mahmoudian S, Jarollahi F. The investigation of semantic memory deficit in chronic tinnitus: a behavioral report. Braz J Otorhinolaryngol 2019; 86:185-190. [PMID: 30683563 PMCID: PMC9422494 DOI: 10.1016/j.bjorl.2018.11.003] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/14/2018] [Revised: 07/28/2018] [Accepted: 11/05/2018] [Indexed: 01/03/2023] Open
Abstract
Introduction Tinnitus is a central auditory disorder in which different processing systems are involved as a network. One of these networks is memory. Previous studies have demonstrated some deficits in various types of memory in chronic tinnitus. Objectives The main purpose of the present study was to investigate the semantic memory, which is not yet investigated in the tinnitus population. Methods In this case–control study, 15 subjects with chronic tinnitus and 16 matched healthy controls were included. 40 semantically related and 40 semantically unrelated word pairs were presented to the participants in a counter-balanced fashion. They were asked to make decision about their semantic relatedness. Then the participants’ reaction times and the accuracy of responses were calculated. Results Mean of reaction times were significantly longer in the tinnitus group (M = 1034 ms, SD = 0.31) compared to the control group (Mean = 1016 ms, SD = 0.13), p < 0.05. However, no significant difference was found for the mean percentage of correct responses between the two groups. Conclusion The current study provided behavioral evidence that chronic tinnitus can affect the semantic memory. Such behavioral outcomes may provide new insights into more research activities in the field of electrophysiology and neuroimaging in the tinnitus population.
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Affiliation(s)
- Maryam Karimi Boroujeni
- Iran University of Medical Sciences (IUMS), School of Rehabilitation Sciences, Department of Audiology, Tehran, Iran
| | - Saeid Mahmoudian
- Iran University of Medical Sciences (IUMS), ENT and Head & Neck Research Center, Tehran, Iran
| | - Farnoush Jarollahi
- Iran University of Medical Sciences (IUMS), School of Rehabilitation Sciences, Department of Audiology, Tehran, Iran.
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324
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Hirt V, Schubring D, Schalinski I, Rockstroh B. Mismatch negativity and cognitive performance in the course of schizophrenia. Int J Psychophysiol 2019; 145:30-39. [PMID: 30684515 DOI: 10.1016/j.ijpsycho.2019.01.006] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/05/2018] [Revised: 01/06/2019] [Accepted: 01/21/2019] [Indexed: 02/01/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Cognitive deficits and abnormal event-related brain potentials (ERP) have been proposed as risk markers for the development of schizophrenia. Evidence is inconclusive whether these markers indicate a risk for the development of psychosis or illness progression. METHODS The present study aimed at further clarification by comparing symptom expression (Brief Psychiatric Rating Scale, BRPS), the ERP Mismatch Negativity (MMN), and neuropsychological performance on the MATRICS Consensus Cognitive Battery between healthy controls (HC, n = 38) and individuals at different stages of illness: individuals at risk for psychosis (ARP, n = 33), patients at first admission, thus, early stage (ES, n = 35), chronic schizophrenia patients (CS, n = 25). Moreover, symptom expression was reassessed for ARP and ES at a 6 months follow-up. RESULTS MMN was smaller in individuals with manifest psychosis (ES, CS) than in HC, but did not differ between ARP and HC. In contrast, ARP showed similar cognitive deficits as ES and CS, all three groups differing from HC. Lower cognitive performance predicted higher symptom severity at index assessments and 6 months follow-up in ARP and ES, while MMN did not explain additional variance. CONCLUSION MMN seems to mark manifest psychosis, independent of early or chronic stage, while cognitive deficits mark early present psychopathology in individuals at risk for and with diagnosed psychosis rather than illness progression.
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Affiliation(s)
- Vanessa Hirt
- Department of Psychology, PO Box 905, University of Konstanz, 78457 Konstanz, Germany.
| | - David Schubring
- Department of Psychology, PO Box 905, University of Konstanz, 78457 Konstanz, Germany.
| | - Inga Schalinski
- Department of Psychology, PO Box 905, University of Konstanz, 78457 Konstanz, Germany.
| | - Brigitte Rockstroh
- Department of Psychology, PO Box 905, University of Konstanz, 78457 Konstanz, Germany.
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325
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Kakumanu RJ, Nair AK, Sasidharan A, John JP, Mehrotra S, Panth R, Kutty BM. State-trait influences of Vipassana meditation practice on P3 EEG dynamics. PROGRESS IN BRAIN RESEARCH 2019; 244:115-136. [PMID: 30732834 DOI: 10.1016/bs.pbr.2018.10.027] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/22/2022]
Abstract
Several studies have demonstrated that meditation naïve subjects can, in just a few weeks, become proficient enough in meditation to show cognitive improvements accompanied with functional and structural changes in the brain. Would long-term exposure to qualitatively different levels of meditative training bring about differences in cognitive processing? Would meditation prior to task performance help separate out these differences? Could the nature of the task influence the findings related to cognitive enhancements? To address these questions, we evaluated cognitive functions in three groups of experienced Vipassana practitioners (Novices: n=22, Mean±SD meditation experience=989±595h; Senior practitioners: 21, 10,510±5313; Teachers: 16, 14,648±9623) who differed in terms of duration and quality of meditative practice. Specifically, we employed "ANGEL" a gamified multilevel oddball paradigm, to assess P3 event-related potentials (ERPs) and associated EEG dynamics-power spectra, event related spectral perturbations (ERSP) and inter-trial coherence (ITC). In order to elicit the state-trait influences of meditation, the cognitive task was performed after the participants had undergone an hour long traditional meditation session. All participants could perform the task well and the gross ERP waveforms were similar for the three groups. As hypothesized, we found distinct state-trait influences of meditation leading to graded differences in P3 EEG dynamics. Specifically, we found reduced theta synchrony, enhanced alpha de-synchrony and lesser theta-alpha coherence in the more proficient meditators. Post hoc analyses revealed several differences between the novice and teacher groups but not as many between novice and seniors suggesting that the senior meditators formed an intermediate group. Our study demonstrates that both quantity and quality of meditation influence EEG dynamics during cognitive processing and that meditation prior to a task can provide additional state-trait effects involved in meeting the specific cognitive demands.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ratna Jyothi Kakumanu
- Department of Neurophysiology, National Institute of Mental Health and Neuro Sciences (NIMHANS), Bengaluru, India
| | - Ajay Kumar Nair
- Department of Neurophysiology, National Institute of Mental Health and Neuro Sciences (NIMHANS), Bengaluru, India
| | - Arun Sasidharan
- Department of Neurophysiology, National Institute of Mental Health and Neuro Sciences (NIMHANS), Bengaluru, India
| | - John P John
- Department of Psychiatry, National Institute of Mental Health and Neuro Sciences (NIMHANS), Bengaluru, India
| | - Seema Mehrotra
- Department of Clinical Psychology, National Institute of Mental Health and Neuro Sciences (NIMHANS), Bengaluru, India
| | - Ravindra Panth
- Department of Buddhist Philosophy, Nava Nalanda Mahavihara, Nalanda, Bihar, India
| | - Bindu M Kutty
- Department of Neurophysiology, National Institute of Mental Health and Neuro Sciences (NIMHANS), Bengaluru, India.
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326
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Pawlowski GM, Ghosh-Hajra S, Fickling SD, Liu CC, Song X, Robinovitch S, Doesburg SM, D'Arcy RCN. Brain Vital Signs: Expanding From the Auditory to Visual Modality. Front Neurosci 2019; 12:968. [PMID: 30713487 PMCID: PMC6346702 DOI: 10.3389/fnins.2018.00968] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/24/2018] [Accepted: 12/04/2018] [Indexed: 01/25/2023] Open
Abstract
The critical need for rapid objective, physiological evaluation of brain function at point-of-care has led to the emergence of brain vital signs-a framework encompassing a portable electroencephalography (EEG) and an automated, quick test protocol. This framework enables access to well-established event-related potential (ERP) markers, which are specific to sensory, attention, and cognitive functions in both healthy and patient populations. However, all our applications to-date have used auditory stimulation, which have highlighted application challenges in persons with hearing impairments (e.g., aging, seniors, dementia). Consequently, it has become important to translate brain vital signs into a visual sensory modality. Therefore, the objectives of this study were to: 1) demonstrate the feasibility of visual brain vital signs; and 2) compare and normalize results from visual and auditory brain vital signs. Data were collected from 34 healthy adults (33 ± 13 years) using a 64-channel EEG system. Visual and auditory sequences were kept as comparable as possible to elicit the N100, P300, and N400 responses. Visual brain vital signs were elicited successfully for all three responses across the group (N100: F = 29.8380, p < 0.001; P300: F = 138.8442, p < 0.0001; N400: F = 6.8476, p = 0.01). Initial auditory-visual comparisons across the three components showed attention processing (P300) was found to be the most transferrable across modalities, with no group-level differences and correlated peak amplitudes (rho = 0.7, p = 0.0001) across individuals. Auditory P300 latencies were shorter than visual (p < 0.0001) but normalization and correlation (r = 0.5, p = 0.0033) implied a potential systematic difference across modalities. Reduced auditory N400 amplitudes compared to visual (p = 0.0061) paired with normalization and correlation across individuals (r = 0.6, p = 0.0012), also revealed potential systematic modality differences between reading and listening language comprehension. This study provides an initial understanding of the relationship between the visual and auditory sequences, while importantly establishing a visual sequence within the brain vital signs framework. With both auditory and visual stimulation capabilities available, it is possible to broaden applications across the lifespan.
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Affiliation(s)
- Gabriela M Pawlowski
- NeuroTech Laboratory, Faculty of Applied Sciences, Simon Fraser University, Burnaby, BC, Canada.,Biomedical Physiology and Kinesiology, Faculty of Science, Simon Fraser University, Burnaby, BC, Canada
| | - Sujoy Ghosh-Hajra
- NeuroTech Laboratory, Faculty of Applied Sciences, Simon Fraser University, Burnaby, BC, Canada.,Health Sciences and Innovation, Surrey Memorial Hospital, Fraser Health, Surrey, BC, Canada
| | - Shaun D Fickling
- NeuroTech Laboratory, Faculty of Applied Sciences, Simon Fraser University, Burnaby, BC, Canada.,Health Sciences and Innovation, Surrey Memorial Hospital, Fraser Health, Surrey, BC, Canada
| | - Careesa C Liu
- NeuroTech Laboratory, Faculty of Applied Sciences, Simon Fraser University, Burnaby, BC, Canada.,Health Sciences and Innovation, Surrey Memorial Hospital, Fraser Health, Surrey, BC, Canada
| | - Xiaowei Song
- NeuroTech Laboratory, Faculty of Applied Sciences, Simon Fraser University, Burnaby, BC, Canada.,Health Sciences and Innovation, Surrey Memorial Hospital, Fraser Health, Surrey, BC, Canada
| | - Stephen Robinovitch
- Biomedical Physiology and Kinesiology, Faculty of Science, Simon Fraser University, Burnaby, BC, Canada
| | - Sam M Doesburg
- Biomedical Physiology and Kinesiology, Faculty of Science, Simon Fraser University, Burnaby, BC, Canada
| | - Ryan C N D'Arcy
- NeuroTech Laboratory, Faculty of Applied Sciences, Simon Fraser University, Burnaby, BC, Canada.,Biomedical Physiology and Kinesiology, Faculty of Science, Simon Fraser University, Burnaby, BC, Canada.,Health Sciences and Innovation, Surrey Memorial Hospital, Fraser Health, Surrey, BC, Canada
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327
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Li J, Yu ZL, Gu Z, Tan M, Wang Y, Li Y. Spatial-Temporal Discriminative Restricted Boltzmann Machine for Event-Related Potential Detection and Analysis. IEEE Trans Neural Syst Rehabil Eng 2019; 27:139-151. [PMID: 30640620 DOI: 10.1109/tnsre.2019.2892960] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/06/2022]
Abstract
Detecting event-related potential (ERP) is a challenging problem because of its low signal-to-noise ratio and complex spatial-temporal features. Conventional detection methods usually rely on the ensemble averaging technique, which may eliminate subtle but important information in ERP signals and lead to poor detection performance. Inspired by the good performance of discriminative restricted Boltzmann machine (DRBM) in feature extraction and classification, we propose a spatial-temporal DRBM (ST-DRBM) to extract spatial and temporal features for ERP detection. The experimental results and statistical analyses demonstrate that the proposed method is able to achieve state-of-the-art ERP detection performance. The ST-DRBM is not only an effective ERP detector, but also a practical tool for ERP analysis. Based on the proposed model, similar scalp distribution and temporal variations were found in the ERP signals of different sessions, which indicated the feasibility of cross-session ERP detection. Given its state-of-the-art performance and effective analytical technique, ST-DRBM is promising for ERP-based brain-computer interfaces and neuroscience research.
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Pascarella A, Fiorenza S, Masotta O, Tibollo V, Vella D, Nardone A, Rossi M, Volanti P, Madonia F, Castronovo G, De Cicco D, Guarnaschelli C, Achilli MP, Chiapparino C, Angelillo MT, Tommasi MA, Pisano F, Grioni G, Vezzadini G, Ferriero G, Salvaderi S, Bellazzi R, Estraneo A. Multicentre registry of brain-injured patients with disorder of consciousness: rationale and preliminary data. FUNCTIONAL NEUROLOGY 2019; 33:19-30. [PMID: 29633693 PMCID: PMC5901937 DOI: 10.11138/fneur/2018.33.1.019] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/03/2023]
Abstract
Diagnostic accuracy and reliable estimation of clinical evolution are challenging issues in the management of patients with disorders of consciousness (DoC). Longitudinal systematic investigations conducted in large cohorts of patients with DoC could make it possible to identify reliable diagnostic and prognostic markers. On the basis of this consideration, we devised a multicentre prospective registry for patients with DoC admitted to ten intensive rehabilitation units. The registry collects homogeneous and detailed data on patients' demographic and clinical features, neurophysiological and neuroimaging findings, and medical and surgical complications. Here we present the rationale and the design of the registry and the preliminary results obtained in 53 patients with DoC (vegetative state or minimally conscious state) enrolled during the first seven months of the study. Data at 6-month post-injury follow-up were available for 46 of them. This registry could be an important tool for collecting high-quality data through the application of rigorous methods, and it could be used in the routine management of patients with DoC admitted to rehabilitation settings.
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Affiliation(s)
- Angelo Pascarella
- Neurorehabilitation Unit and Research Laboratory for Disorder of Consciousness, Scientific Institute of Telese Terme, ICS Maugeri, Telese Terme (BN), Italy
| | - Salvatore Fiorenza
- Neurorehabilitation Unit and Research Laboratory for Disorder of Consciousness, Scientific Institute of Telese Terme, ICS Maugeri, Telese Terme (BN), Italy
| | - Orsola Masotta
- Neurorehabilitation Unit and Research Laboratory for Disorder of Consciousness, Scientific Institute of Telese Terme, ICS Maugeri, Telese Terme (BN), Italy
| | - Valentina Tibollo
- Laboratory of System Engineer for Clinical Research, ICS Maugeri, Pavia, Italy
| | - Danila Vella
- Laboratory of System Engineer for Clinical Research, ICS Maugeri, Pavia, Italy
| | - Antonio Nardone
- Neurorehabilitation Unit, Institute of Pavia, ICS Maugeri, Pavia, Italy
- Department of Clinical-Surgical, Diagnostic and Pediatric Sciences, University of Pavia, Pavia, Italy
| | - Maria Rossi
- Neurorehabilitation Unit, Institute of Pavia, ICS Maugeri, Pavia, Italy
| | - Paolo Volanti
- Neurorehabilitation Unit, Institute of Mistretta, ICS Maugeri, Mistretta (ME), Italy
| | - Francesca Madonia
- Neurorehabilitation Unit, Institute of Mistretta, ICS Maugeri, Mistretta (ME), Italy
| | | | - Domenico De Cicco
- Neurorehabilitation Unit, Institute of Sciacca, ICS Maugeri, Sciacca (AG), Italy
| | | | - Maria Pia Achilli
- Neurorehabilitation Unit, Institute of Montescano, ICS Maugeri, Montescano (PV), Italy
| | - Concetta Chiapparino
- Neurorehabilitation Unit, Institute of Cassano delle Murge, ICS Maugeri, Cassano delle Murge (BA), Italy
| | - Maria Teresa Angelillo
- Neurorehabilitation Unit, Institute of Cassano delle Murge, ICS Maugeri, Cassano delle Murge (BA), Italy
| | | | - Fabrizio Pisano
- Neurorehabilitation Unit, Institute of Veruno, ICS Maugeri, Veruno (NO), Italy
| | - Giuseppe Grioni
- Neurorehabilitation Unit, Institute of Castel Goffredo, ICS Maugeri, Castel Goffredo (MN), Italy
| | - Giuliana Vezzadini
- Neurorehabilitation Unit, Institute of Castel Goffredo, ICS Maugeri, Castel Goffredo (MN), Italy
| | - Giorgio Ferriero
- Neurorehabilitation Unit, Institute of Lissone, ICS Maugeri, Lissone (MB), Italy
| | - Stefano Salvaderi
- Neurorehabilitation Unit, Institute of Lissone, ICS Maugeri, Lissone (MB), Italy
| | - Riccardo Bellazzi
- Laboratory of System Engineer for Clinical Research, ICS Maugeri, Pavia, Italy
| | - Anna Estraneo
- Neurorehabilitation Unit and Research Laboratory for Disorder of Consciousness, Scientific Institute of Telese Terme, ICS Maugeri, Telese Terme (BN), Italy
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329
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Clarke AR, Barry RJ, Karamacoska D, Johnstone SJ. The EEG Theta/Beta Ratio: A marker of Arousal or Cognitive Processing Capacity? Appl Psychophysiol Biofeedback 2019; 44:123-129. [DOI: 10.1007/s10484-018-09428-6] [Citation(s) in RCA: 31] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/24/2022]
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330
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Disruption of function: Neurophysiological markers of cognitive deficits in retired football players. Clin Neurophysiol 2019; 130:111-121. [DOI: 10.1016/j.clinph.2018.10.013] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/25/2018] [Revised: 09/17/2018] [Accepted: 10/18/2018] [Indexed: 11/22/2022]
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331
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Hsieh MH, Lin YT, Chien YL, Hwang TJ, Hwu HG, Liu CM, Liu CC. Auditory Event-Related Potentials in Antipsychotic-Free Subjects With Ultra-High-Risk State and First-Episode Psychosis. Front Psychiatry 2019; 10:223. [PMID: 31037058 PMCID: PMC6476279 DOI: 10.3389/fpsyt.2019.00223] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/14/2018] [Accepted: 03/26/2019] [Indexed: 11/13/2022] Open
Abstract
Background: Auditory event-related potentials (ERPs) have been utilized to study defective information processing of patients with schizophrenia. To delineate the pathophysiological processes from pre-psychotic state to first-episode psychosis, a study on subjects from ultra-high-risk (UHR) state to first-episode psychosis, ideally in an antipsychotic-free condition, can add important information to our understanding. Methods: Patients with UHR state or at their first-episode psychosis (FEP) who were drug-naive or only have been temporarily treated with antipsychotics were assessed by auditory ERPs measurement, including P50/N100 (sensory gating) and duration mismatch negativity (MMN; deviance detection). A group of age-matched healthy subjects served as their controls. Results: A total of 42 patients (23 UHR and 19 FEP) and 120 control subjects were recruited, including 21 pure drug-naive and 21 with very short exposure to antipsychotics. Collapsing FEP and UHR as a patient group, they exhibited significant sensory deficits manifested as larger P50 S2 amplitude, larger N100 ratio, and smaller N100 difference, and significantly less deviance detection response revealed by MMN. Such differences were less significant when treating FEP and UHR separately for comparisons. Comparisons of ERP results between drug-naive subjects and antipsychotic-short-exposure subjects revealed no significant difference in any P50/N100 and MMN parameter. Conclusion: Our study is one of the few studies focused on drug-naive or minimally treated patients at pre- or early-psychotic states. Our results exhibited impaired performance in sensory gating and deviance detection shown by certain parameters. A longitudinal study with larger sample sizes will be helpful to provide more evidence to elucidate the role of antipsychotics on an individual's neurophysiological performance at different stages of psychosis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ming H Hsieh
- Department of Psychiatry, National Taiwan University Hospital and College of Medicine, Taipei, Taiwan.,Department of Psychiatry, College of Medicine, National Taiwan University, Taipei, Taiwan.,Graduate Institute of Brain and Mind Sciences, College of Medicine, National Taiwan University, Taipei, Taiwan
| | - Yi-Ting Lin
- Department of Psychiatry, National Taiwan University Hospital and College of Medicine, Taipei, Taiwan.,Department of Psychiatry, College of Medicine, National Taiwan University, Taipei, Taiwan
| | - Yi-Ling Chien
- Department of Psychiatry, National Taiwan University Hospital and College of Medicine, Taipei, Taiwan.,Department of Psychiatry, College of Medicine, National Taiwan University, Taipei, Taiwan
| | - Tzung-Jeng Hwang
- Department of Psychiatry, National Taiwan University Hospital and College of Medicine, Taipei, Taiwan.,Department of Psychiatry, College of Medicine, National Taiwan University, Taipei, Taiwan.,Graduate Institute of Brain and Mind Sciences, College of Medicine, National Taiwan University, Taipei, Taiwan
| | - Hai-Gwo Hwu
- Department of Psychiatry, National Taiwan University Hospital and College of Medicine, Taipei, Taiwan.,Department of Psychiatry, College of Medicine, National Taiwan University, Taipei, Taiwan.,Graduate Institute of Brain and Mind Sciences, College of Medicine, National Taiwan University, Taipei, Taiwan
| | - Chih-Min Liu
- Department of Psychiatry, National Taiwan University Hospital and College of Medicine, Taipei, Taiwan.,Department of Psychiatry, College of Medicine, National Taiwan University, Taipei, Taiwan.,Graduate Institute of Brain and Mind Sciences, College of Medicine, National Taiwan University, Taipei, Taiwan
| | - Chen-Chung Liu
- Department of Psychiatry, National Taiwan University Hospital and College of Medicine, Taipei, Taiwan.,Department of Psychiatry, College of Medicine, National Taiwan University, Taipei, Taiwan
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332
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Helfrich RF, Knight RT. Cognitive neurophysiology: Event-related potentials. HANDBOOK OF CLINICAL NEUROLOGY 2019; 160:543-558. [PMID: 31277875 DOI: 10.1016/b978-0-444-64032-1.00036-9] [Citation(s) in RCA: 61] [Impact Index Per Article: 12.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/23/2023]
Abstract
Event-related potentials (ERPs) are one of the most commonly used tools to assess cognitive processing with a high temporal resolution. We provide an updated view of the cortical origins of evoked responses and discuss potential mechanisms contributing to ERP generation. In particular, we focus on the relationship between evoked and ongoing oscillatory activity and discuss the differences between ERPs and cortical activation as indexed by high-frequency activity in human intracranial electroencephalography (EEG). We highlight several possibilities for how ERPs can precisely index human perception and behavior in nontraditional approaches, such as neuronal entrainment through steady-state evoked potentials, multivariate decoding, and cross-frequency correlations. We argue that analyses of time-locked responses are beneficial to assess nonlinear and nonsinusoidal neuronal activity on a fine-grained temporal scale, since analyses in the time domain are less susceptible to artifacts than spectral decomposition techniques. Taken together, the current review provides a state-of-the-art overview of ERPs and their application in cognitive and clinical neurophysiology.
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Affiliation(s)
- Randolph F Helfrich
- Helen Wills Neuroscience Institute, University of California Berkeley, Berkeley, CA, United States.
| | - Robert T Knight
- Helen Wills Neuroscience Institute, University of California Berkeley, Berkeley, CA, United States
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333
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OBI-NAGATA K, TEMMA Y, HAYASHI-TAKAGI A. Synaptic functions and their disruption in schizophrenia: From clinical evidence to synaptic optogenetics in an animal model. PROCEEDINGS OF THE JAPAN ACADEMY. SERIES B, PHYSICAL AND BIOLOGICAL SCIENCES 2019; 95:179-197. [PMID: 31080187 PMCID: PMC6742729 DOI: 10.2183/pjab.95.014] [Citation(s) in RCA: 44] [Impact Index Per Article: 8.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/13/2023]
Abstract
The adult human brain consists of approximately a hundred billion neurons, which are connected via synapses. The pattern and strength of the synaptic connections are constantly changing (synaptic plasticity), and these changes are considered to underlie learning, memory, and personality. Many psychiatric disorders have been related to disturbances in synaptogenesis and subsequent plasticity. In this review, we summarize findings of synaptic disturbance and its involvement in the pathogenesis and/or pathophysiology of psychiatric disorders. We will focus on schizophrenia, because this condition has a high proven heritability, which offers more unambiguous insights into the biological origins of not only schizophrenia but also related psychiatric disorders. To demonstrate the involvement of synaptopathy in psychiatric disorders, we discuss what knowledge is missing at the circuits level, and what new technologies are needed to achieve a comprehensive understanding of synaptopathy in psychiatric disorders.
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Affiliation(s)
- Kisho OBI-NAGATA
- Laboratory of Medical Neuroscience, Institute for Molecular and Cellular Regulation, Gunma University, Maebashi, Japan
| | - Yusuke TEMMA
- Laboratory of Medical Neuroscience, Institute for Molecular and Cellular Regulation, Gunma University, Maebashi, Japan
| | - Akiko HAYASHI-TAKAGI
- Laboratory of Medical Neuroscience, Institute for Molecular and Cellular Regulation, Gunma University, Maebashi, Japan
- PRESTO, Japan Science and Technology Agency, Kawaguchi, Japan
- Correspondence should be addressed: A. Hayashi-Takagi, Laboratory of Medical Neuroscience, Institute for Molecular and Cellular Regulation, Gunma University, 3-39-15 Showa-machi, Maebashi, Gunma 371-8512, Japan (e-mail: )
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334
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Maciejewska K, Drzazga Z. Differences in spatio-temporal distribution of the visual P3b event-related potential between young men and women. Acta Neurobiol Exp (Wars) 2019. [DOI: 10.21307/ane-2019-003] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/11/2022]
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335
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Duncan SJ, Gosling A, Panchuk D, Polman RCJ. Validation of a multidirectional locomotive dual-task paradigm to evaluate task-related differences in event-related electro-cortical activity. Behav Brain Res 2018; 361:122-130. [PMID: 30583028 DOI: 10.1016/j.bbr.2018.12.039] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/22/2018] [Revised: 11/28/2018] [Accepted: 12/20/2018] [Indexed: 01/25/2023]
Abstract
A fundamental aspect of everyday function is the ability to simultaneously execute both cognitive and motor tasks. The ability to perform such tasks is commonly assessed using a dual-task paradigm that has the capacity to manipulate both cognitive and motor components of an action. Dual-task performance provides an opportunity to obtain an insight into how cognitive and motor function are affected during natural tasks (e.g., locomotion). The following study aimed to determine the effectiveness of using a goal-directed multidirectional locomotor task to measure differences in task-related (tasks of increasing difficulty) electro-cortical activity. In the single-task condition participants walked around a grid-based track, performing directional changes at each intersection in response to a sensory stimulus. In the dual-task condition participants performed the same primary task while performing a simultaneous memory recall task. Behavioural differences in trial completion time and electro-cortical activity were identified in relation to the posterior N2 and P3 component mean amplitudes. The results showed that, while performing a higher-level cognitive task during walking (dual-task), interference arises in a shared system that influences neural mechanisms involved in attention and selection for action, and later cognitive processes recruited in working memory and cognitive control. This study extends previous work and shows that performing a more complex cognitive task while walking, elicits interference effects sensitive to higher-level cognitive processes, and takes the next step towards measurement of electro-cortical activity within naturalistic environments.
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Affiliation(s)
- Shelley J Duncan
- School of Sport, Health and Social Sciences, Solent University, Southampton, SO14 OYN, UK.
| | - Angela Gosling
- Psychology Department, University of East London, London, E16 2RD, UK
| | - Derek Panchuk
- Institute of Sport, Exercise and Active Living, Victoria University, Melbourne, 8001, Australia
| | - Remco C J Polman
- School of Exercise & Nutrition Sciences, Queensland University of Technology, Brisbane, 4059, Australia
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336
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Rosburg T, Schmidt A. Potential Mechanisms for the Ketamine-Induced Reduction of P3b Amplitudes. Front Behav Neurosci 2018; 12:308. [PMID: 30618662 PMCID: PMC6297878 DOI: 10.3389/fnbeh.2018.00308] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/12/2018] [Accepted: 11/27/2018] [Indexed: 12/12/2022] Open
Abstract
In specific dosages, the N-methyl-D-aspartate receptor (NMDA) antagonist ketamine can be used to model transient psychotic symptoms in healthy individuals that resemble those of schizophrenia. Ketamine administration also temporarily impairs cognitive functions, which can be studied by event-related potentials (ERPs). ERPs also allow dissecting what stages of information processing are affected by ketamine and what stages remain functional. For tasks requiring the differentiation of targets and non-targets, it has repeatedly been shown that ketamine administration in healthy individuals leads to decreased amplitudes of the ERP component P3b in response to target stimuli. However, it could be argued that this ketamine-induced P3b reduction is the consequence of an increased difficulty to differentiate targets from non-targets, primarily mediated by ketamine's psychotomimetic rather than pharmacological effects. The current review of ERP studies seeks to clarify the issue whether P3b effects of ketamine may indeed be explained as the consequence of an experienced increase in task difficulty or whether alternative mechanisms are perhaps more plausible. The review first summarizes the effects of task difficulty on ERP components related to intentional stimulus categorization (P3b), involuntary attention switches to distractors (P3a), as well as sensory processing (P1, N1). Secondly, the ERP effects of task difficulty are contrasted with those observed in ketamine studies in healthy individuals. Findings show that P3b amplitudes are consistently diminished by an increased task difficulty, as well as after ketamine administration. In contrast and as most important difference, increased task difficulty leads to increased P3a amplitudes to distractors presented in same modality as targets, whereas ketamine leads to reduced P3a amplitudes for such distractors. This dissociation indicates that the decreased P3b amplitudes after ketamine cannot be explained by a drug-induced increase in task difficulty. The conjoint reductions of P3a and P3b amplitudes instead suggest that working memory operations, in particular working memory updating are impaired after ketamine, which is in line with previous behavioral findings.
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Affiliation(s)
- Timm Rosburg
- Forensic Department, University Psychiatric Clinics Basel, Basel, Switzerland
| | - André Schmidt
- Department of Psychiatry, University Psychiatric Clinics Basel, Basel, Switzerland
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337
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Maidan I, Fahoum F, Shustak S, Gazit E, Patashov D, Tchertov D, Giladi N, Hausdorff JM, Mirelman A. Changes in event-related potentials during dual task walking in aging and Parkinson's disease. Clin Neurophysiol 2018; 130:224-230. [PMID: 30580245 DOI: 10.1016/j.clinph.2018.11.019] [Citation(s) in RCA: 28] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/28/2018] [Revised: 10/16/2018] [Accepted: 11/10/2018] [Indexed: 11/30/2022]
Abstract
OBJECTIVE To investigate EEG changes during an auditory odd-ball task while walking (dual-task) in young adults, older adults, and patients with Parkinson's disease. METHODS 11 young adults, 10 older adults, and 10 patients with Parkinson's disease (PD) performed an auditory oddball task during standing and walking on a treadmill, while wearing a wireless EEG cap. The amplitude and latency of P300 were compared between groups and within conditions using linear mix model analysis. Gait was evaluated using wearable sensors and cognition was assessed using the Color Trail Test. RESULTS P300 latency became longer during walking in all groups (p = 0.005). During walking, older adults (p = 0.005) and patients with PD (p = 0.001) showed prolonged P300 latency compared to young adults. Significant task by group interaction was found in P300 amplitude (p = 0.008). Patients with PD demonstrated reduced P300 amplitude during walking compared to standing (p = 0.023). Among all subjects, better motor and cognitive performance correlated with shorter P300 latency (r = 0.457, p = 0.014 and r = 0.431, p = 0.040, respectively). CONCLUSIONS These findings provide direct evidence of the physiological recruitment of attentional networks during walking and their impact by ageing and disease. SIGNIFICANCE This study is the first to report on changes in P300 latency and amplitude during dual-task oddball walking in older adults and patients with PD.
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Affiliation(s)
- Inbal Maidan
- Laboratory of Early Markers of Neurodegeneration, Tel Aviv Sourasky Medical Center, Tel Aviv, Israel; Center for the Study of Movement, Cognition, and Mobility, Neurological Institute, Tel Aviv Sourasky Medical Center, Tel Aviv, Israel; Neurological Institute, Tel Aviv Medical Center, Tel-Aviv, Israel; Department of Neurology, Sackler School of Medicine, Tel Aviv University, Israel; Sagol School of Neuroscience, Tel Aviv University, Tel Aviv, Israel.
| | - Firas Fahoum
- Neurological Institute, Tel Aviv Medical Center, Tel-Aviv, Israel; Department of Neurology, Sackler School of Medicine, Tel Aviv University, Israel.
| | - Shiran Shustak
- Laboratory of Early Markers of Neurodegeneration, Tel Aviv Sourasky Medical Center, Tel Aviv, Israel; Center for the Study of Movement, Cognition, and Mobility, Neurological Institute, Tel Aviv Sourasky Medical Center, Tel Aviv, Israel.
| | - Eran Gazit
- Center for the Study of Movement, Cognition, and Mobility, Neurological Institute, Tel Aviv Sourasky Medical Center, Tel Aviv, Israel.
| | - Dmitry Patashov
- Faculty of Science, Holon Institute of Technology, Holon, Israel; Faculty of Engineering, Holon Institute of Technology, Holon, Israel.
| | - Dmitry Tchertov
- Faculty of Engineering, Holon Institute of Technology, Holon, Israel.
| | - Nir Giladi
- Laboratory of Early Markers of Neurodegeneration, Tel Aviv Sourasky Medical Center, Tel Aviv, Israel; Center for the Study of Movement, Cognition, and Mobility, Neurological Institute, Tel Aviv Sourasky Medical Center, Tel Aviv, Israel; Neurological Institute, Tel Aviv Medical Center, Tel-Aviv, Israel; Department of Neurology, Sackler School of Medicine, Tel Aviv University, Israel; Sagol School of Neuroscience, Tel Aviv University, Tel Aviv, Israel; Sieratzki Chair in Neurology Tel Aviv University, Israel.
| | - Jeffrey M Hausdorff
- Center for the Study of Movement, Cognition, and Mobility, Neurological Institute, Tel Aviv Sourasky Medical Center, Tel Aviv, Israel; Neurological Institute, Tel Aviv Medical Center, Tel-Aviv, Israel; Sagol School of Neuroscience, Tel Aviv University, Tel Aviv, Israel; Department of Physical Therapy, Sackler Faculty of Medicine, Tel Aviv University, Israel; Rush Alzheimer's Disease Center and Department of Orthopaedic Surgery, Rush University Medical Center, Chicago, IL, USA.
| | - Anat Mirelman
- Laboratory of Early Markers of Neurodegeneration, Tel Aviv Sourasky Medical Center, Tel Aviv, Israel; Center for the Study of Movement, Cognition, and Mobility, Neurological Institute, Tel Aviv Sourasky Medical Center, Tel Aviv, Israel; Neurological Institute, Tel Aviv Medical Center, Tel-Aviv, Israel; Department of Neurology, Sackler School of Medicine, Tel Aviv University, Israel; Sagol School of Neuroscience, Tel Aviv University, Tel Aviv, Israel.
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338
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Mizukami H, Kakigi R, Nakata H. Effects of stimulus intensity and auditory white noise on human somatosensory cognitive processing: a study using event-related potentials. Exp Brain Res 2018; 237:521-530. [PMID: 30474688 DOI: 10.1007/s00221-018-5443-8] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/18/2018] [Accepted: 11/21/2018] [Indexed: 12/01/2022]
Abstract
Exposure to auditory white noise has been shown to facilitate cognitive function. This phenomenon is often called stochastic resonance, and a moderate amount of auditory noise has been suggested to benefit individuals in hypodopaminergic states. Previous studies using psychophysic methods reported that stochastic resonance was sensitive to stimulus intensity; however, the relationship between neural activities elicited by different stimulus intensities and auditory white noise has not yet been clarified Thus, the present study aimed to investigate the effects of stimulus intensity (Experiment 1) and auditory white noise (Experiment 2) on behavioral data (reaction time (RT), the standard deviation of RT, and error rates), and the N140 and P300 components of event-related potentials (ERPs) in somatosensory Go/No-go paradigms. The subjects had to respond to the somatosensory stimuli by pressing a button with their right thumb only after presentation of the Go stimulus. In Experiment 1 with four different stimulus intensity levels, the peak latencies of N140 and P300 became shorter, and the peak amplitudes of N140 and P300 were enhanced with increases in stimulus intensity. In Experiment 2 with weak and mild intensities under auditory white noise and control conditions, the amplitudes of Go-P300 and No-go-P300 were enhanced by white noise, irrespective of weak and mild intensities, during Go/No-go paradigms. Auditory white noise did not significantly affect the amplitude of N140 or the latencies of N140 and P300. These results suggest the presence of a characteristic cross-modal stochastic resonance in neural substrates utilizing somatosensory ERPs.
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Affiliation(s)
- Haruka Mizukami
- Department of Health Sciences, Faculty of Human Life and Environment, Nara Women's University, Kitauoya-Nishi Machi, Nara, 630-8506, Japan
| | - Ryusuke Kakigi
- Department of Integrative Physiology, National Institute for Physiological Sciences, Okazaki, Japan
| | - Hiroki Nakata
- Department of Health Sciences, Faculty of Human Life and Environment, Nara Women's University, Kitauoya-Nishi Machi, Nara, 630-8506, Japan.
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339
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Fogarty JS, Barry RJ, Steiner GZ. Sequential processing in the classic oddball task: ERP components, probability, and behavior. Psychophysiology 2018; 56:e13300. [PMID: 30456921 DOI: 10.1111/psyp.13300] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/10/2018] [Revised: 08/18/2018] [Accepted: 09/13/2018] [Indexed: 11/28/2022]
Abstract
This study compared the ERP components and behavior associated with the auditory equiprobable and classic oddball tasks, to relate the cognitive processing stages in those paradigms and continue the development of the sequential processing schema. Target and nontarget ERP data were acquired from 66 healthy young adults (Mage = 20.1, SD = 2.4 years, 14 male) who completed both equiprobable (target p = 0.5) and oddball tasks (target p = 0.3). Separate temporal PCAs were used to decompose the ERP data in each task and condition, and the similarity of the components identified in each condition was examined between tasks. Probability effects on component amplitudes and behavior were also analyzed to identify task differences in cognitive demands. A highly similar series of components was identified in each task, closely matching the schema: targets elicited N1-3, N1-1, PN, N2c, P3b, SW1, SW2; whereas nontargets elicited N1-3, N1-1, PN, N2b, P3a, SW1, SW2. N1-1 and PN amplitudes increased as stimulus probability decreased, irrespective of the condition. N2b, P3b, SW1, and SW2 amplitudes also varied between tasks, illustrating task-specific demands on those processing stages. These findings complemented the behavioral outcomes, which demonstrated greater accuracy and control in the classic oddball task. Overall, this study demonstrated comparable processing in the auditory equiprobable and classic oddball tasks, extending the generalizability of the schema and enabling further integration of the ERP theory associated with these tasks. This study also clarifies stimulus probability effects on the schema, providing important insight into the functionality of common ERP components.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jack S Fogarty
- School of Psychology, Brain & Behaviour Research Institute, University of Wollongong, Wollongong, New South Wales, Australia
| | - Robert J Barry
- School of Psychology, Brain & Behaviour Research Institute, University of Wollongong, Wollongong, New South Wales, Australia
| | - Genevieve Z Steiner
- School of Psychology, Brain & Behaviour Research Institute, University of Wollongong, Wollongong, New South Wales, Australia.,NICM Health Research Institute and Translational Health Research Institute (THRI), Western Sydney University, Penrith, New South Wales, Australia
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Acute effects of methadone on EEG power spectrum and event-related potentials among heroin dependents. Psychopharmacology (Berl) 2018; 235:3273-3288. [PMID: 30310960 DOI: 10.1007/s00213-018-5035-0] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/12/2018] [Accepted: 09/07/2018] [Indexed: 10/28/2022]
Abstract
Methadone as the most prevalent opioid substitution medication has been shown to influence the neurophysiological functions among heroin addicts. However, there is no firm conclusion on acute neuroelectrophysiological changes among methadone-treated subjects as well as the effectiveness of methadone in restoring brain electrical abnormalities among heroin addicts. This study aims to investigate the acute and short-term effects of methadone administration on the brain's electrophysiological properties before and after daily methadone intake over 10 weeks of treatment among heroin addicts. EEG spectral analysis and single-trial event-related potential (ERP) measurements were used to investigate possible alterations in the brain's electrical activities, as well as the cognitive attributes associated with MMN and P3. The results confirmed abnormal brain activities predominantly in the beta band and diminished information processing ability including lower amplitude and prolonged latency of cognitive responses among heroin addicts compared to healthy controls. In addition, the alteration of EEG activities in the frontal and central regions was found to be associated with the withdrawal symptoms of drug users. Certain brain regions were found to be influenced significantly by methadone intake; acute effects of methadone induction appeared to be associative to its dosage. The findings suggest that methadone administration affects cognitive performance and activates the cortical neuronal networks, resulting in cognitive responses enhancement which may be influential in reorganizing cognitive dysfunctions among heroin addicts. This study also supports the notion that the brain's oscillation powers and ERPs can be utilized as neurophysiological indices for assessing the addiction treatment traits.
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341
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The impairing effect of dyspnea on response inhibition. Int J Psychophysiol 2018; 133:41-49. [DOI: 10.1016/j.ijpsycho.2018.08.012] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/02/2018] [Revised: 08/22/2018] [Accepted: 08/27/2018] [Indexed: 01/28/2023]
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342
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Armanfard N, Komeili M, Reilly JP, Connolly JF. A Machine Learning Framework for Automatic and Continuous MMN Detection With Preliminary Results for Coma Outcome Prediction. IEEE J Biomed Health Inform 2018; 23:1794-1804. [PMID: 30369457 DOI: 10.1109/jbhi.2018.2877738] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/08/2022]
Abstract
Mismatch negativity (MMN) is a component of the event-related potential (ERP) that is elicited through an odd-ball paradigm. The existence of the MMN in a coma patient has a good correlation with coma emergence; however, this component can be difficult to detect. Previously, MMN detection was based on visual inspection of the averaged ERPs by a skilled clinician, a process that is expensive and not always feasible in practice. In this paper, we propose a practical machine learning (ML) based approach for detection of MMN component, thus, improving the accuracy of prediction of emergence from coma. Furthermore, the method can operate on an automatic and continuous basis thus alleviating the need for clinician involvement. The proposed method is capable of the MMN detection over intervals as short as two minutes. This finer time resolution enables identification of waxing and waning cycles of a conscious state. An auditory odd-ball paradigm was applied to 22 healthy subjects and 2 coma patients. A coma patient is tested by measuring the similarity of the patient's ERP responses with the aggregate healthy responses. Because the training process for measuring similarity requires only healthy subjects, the complexity and practicality of training procedure of the proposed method are greatly improved relative to training on coma patients directly. Since there are only two coma patients involved with this study, the results are reported on a very preliminary basis. Preliminary results indicate we can detect the MMN component with an accuracy of 92.7% on healthy subjects. The method successfully predicted emergence in both coma patients when conventional methods failed. The proposed method for collecting training data using exclusively healthy subjects is a novel approach that may prove useful in future, unrelated studies where ML methods are used.
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343
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Cavaliere C, Kandeepan S, Aiello M, Ribeiro de Paula D, Marchitelli R, Fiorenza S, Orsini M, Trojano L, Masotta O, St Lawrence K, Loreto V, Chronik BA, Nicolai E, Soddu A, Estraneo A. Multimodal Neuroimaging Approach to Variability of Functional Connectivity in Disorders of Consciousness: A PET/MRI Pilot Study. Front Neurol 2018; 9:861. [PMID: 30405513 PMCID: PMC6200912 DOI: 10.3389/fneur.2018.00861] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/01/2018] [Accepted: 09/24/2018] [Indexed: 12/18/2022] Open
Abstract
Behavioral assessments could not suffice to provide accurate diagnostic information in individuals with disorders of consciousness (DoC). Multimodal neuroimaging markers have been developed to support clinical assessments of these patients. Here we present findings obtained by hybrid fludeoxyglucose (FDG-)PET/MR imaging in three severely brain-injured patients, one in an unresponsive wakefulness syndrome (UWS), one in a minimally conscious state (MCS), and one patient emerged from MCS (EMCS). Repeated behavioral assessment by means of Coma Recovery Scale-Revised and neurophysiological evaluation were performed in the two weeks before and after neuroimaging acquisition, to ascertain that clinical diagnosis was stable. The three patients underwent one imaging session, during which two resting-state fMRI (rs-fMRI) blocks were run with a temporal gap of about 30 min. rs-fMRI data were analyzed with a graph theory approach applied to nine independent networks. We also analyzed the benefits of concatenating the two acquisitions for each patient or to select for each network the graph strength map with a higher ratio of fitness. Finally, as for clinical assessment, we considered the best functional connectivity pattern for each network and correlated graph strength maps to FDG uptake. Functional connectivity analysis showed several differences between the two rs-fMRI acquisitions, affecting in a different way each network and with a different variability for the three patients, as assessed by ratio of fitness. Moreover, combined PET/fMRI analysis demonstrated a higher functional/metabolic correlation for patients in EMCS and MCS compared to UWS. In conclusion, we observed for the first time, through a test-retest approach, a variability in the appearance and temporal/spatial patterns of resting-state networks in severely brain-injured patients, proposing a new method to select the most informative connectivity pattern.
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Affiliation(s)
- Carlo Cavaliere
- IRCCS SDN, Istituto di Ricerca Diagnostica e Nucleare, Naples, Italy.,Coma Science Group, GIGA-Research, University and University Hospital of Liege, Liege, Belgium
| | - Sivayini Kandeepan
- Department of Physics and Astronomy, Brain and Mind Institute, Western University, London, ON, Canada
| | - Marco Aiello
- IRCCS SDN, Istituto di Ricerca Diagnostica e Nucleare, Naples, Italy
| | | | - Rocco Marchitelli
- IRCCS SDN, Istituto di Ricerca Diagnostica e Nucleare, Naples, Italy
| | - Salvatore Fiorenza
- Neurorehabilitation Unit and Research Laboratory for Disorder of Consciousness, Maugeri ICS, IRCCS, Telese Terme, Italy
| | - Mario Orsini
- IRCCS SDN, Istituto di Ricerca Diagnostica e Nucleare, Naples, Italy
| | - Luigi Trojano
- Department of Psychology, University of Campania "Luigi Vanvitelli", Caserta, Italy
| | - Orsola Masotta
- Neurorehabilitation Unit and Research Laboratory for Disorder of Consciousness, Maugeri ICS, IRCCS, Telese Terme, Italy
| | - Keith St Lawrence
- Lawson Health Research Institute London, Medical Biophysics, University of Western Ontario, London, ON, Canada
| | - Vincenzo Loreto
- Neurorehabilitation Unit and Research Laboratory for Disorder of Consciousness, Maugeri ICS, IRCCS, Telese Terme, Italy
| | - Blaine Alexander Chronik
- Department of Physics and Astronomy, Brain and Mind Institute, Western University, London, ON, Canada
| | - Emanuele Nicolai
- IRCCS SDN, Istituto di Ricerca Diagnostica e Nucleare, Naples, Italy
| | - Andrea Soddu
- Department of Physics and Astronomy, Brain and Mind Institute, Western University, London, ON, Canada
| | - Anna Estraneo
- Neurorehabilitation Unit and Research Laboratory for Disorder of Consciousness, Maugeri ICS, IRCCS, Telese Terme, Italy
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344
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Cholinergic Mechanisms of Target Oddball Stimuli Detection: The Late "P300-Like" Event-Related Potential in Rats. Neural Plast 2018; 2018:4270263. [PMID: 30410536 PMCID: PMC6206555 DOI: 10.1155/2018/4270263] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/06/2018] [Revised: 06/27/2018] [Accepted: 07/16/2018] [Indexed: 11/22/2022] Open
Abstract
Event-related potentials (ERPs) and oscillations (EROs) provide powerful tools for studying the brain's synaptic function underlying information processing. The P300 component of ERPs indexing attention and working memory shows abnormal amplitude and latency in neurological and psychiatric diseases that are sensitive to pharmacological agents. In the active auditory oddball discriminant paradigm, behavior and auditory-evoked potentials (AEPs) were simultaneously recorded in awake rats to investigate whether P300-like potentials generated in rats responding to rare target oddball tones are sensitive to subcutaneous modulation of the cholinergic tone by donepezil (1 mg/kg) and scopolamine (0.64 mg/kg). After operant training, rats consistently discriminate rare target auditory stimuli from frequent irrelevant nontarget auditory stimuli by a higher level of correct lever presses (i.e., accuracy) in target trials associated with a food reward. Donepezil attenuated the disruptive effect of scopolamine on the level of accuracy and premature responses in target trials. Larger P300-like peaks with early and late components were revealed in correct rare target stimuli trials as compared to frequent tones. Donepezil enhanced the peak amplitude of the P300-like component to target stimuli and evoked slow theta and gamma oscillations, whereas scopolamine altered the amplitude of the P300-like component and EROs to target stimuli. Pretreatment with donepezil attenuated effects of scopolamine on the peak amplitude of the P300-like component and on EROs. This study provides evidence that AEP P300-like responses can be elicited by rats engaged in attentive and memory processing of target stimuli and outline the relevance of the cholinergic system in stimulus discrimination processing. The findings highlight the sensitivity of this translational index for investigating brain circuits and/or novel pharmacological agents, which modulate cholinergic transmission associated with increased allocation of attentional resources.
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345
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Xie Q, Pan J, Chen Y, He Y, Ni X, Zhang J, Wang F, Li Y, Yu R. A gaze-independent audiovisual brain-computer Interface for detecting awareness of patients with disorders of consciousness. BMC Neurol 2018; 18:144. [PMID: 30296948 PMCID: PMC6176505 DOI: 10.1186/s12883-018-1144-y] [Citation(s) in RCA: 19] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/01/2017] [Accepted: 08/29/2018] [Indexed: 11/10/2022] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Currently, it is challenging to detect the awareness of patients who suffer disorders of consciousness (DOC). Brain-computer interfaces (BCIs), which do not depend on the behavioral response of patients, may serve for detecting the awareness in patients with DOC. However, we must develop effective BCIs for these patients because their ability to use BCIs does not as good as healthy users. METHODS Because patients with DOC generally do not exhibit eye movements, a gaze-independent audiovisual BCI is put forward in the study where semantically congruent and incongruent audiovisual number stimuli were sequentially presented to evoke event-related potentials (ERPs). Subjects were required to pay attention to congruent audiovisual stimuli (target) and ignore the incongruent audiovisual stimuli (non-target). The BCI system was evaluated by analyzing online and offline data from 10 healthy subjects followed by being applied to online awareness detection in 8 patients with DOC. RESULTS According to the results on healthy subjects, the audiovisual BCI system outperformed the corresponding auditory-only and visual-only systems. Multiple ERP components, including the P300, N400 and late positive complex (LPC), were observed using the audiovisual system, strengthening different brain responses to target stimuli and non-target stimuli. The results revealed the abilities of three of eight patients to follow commands and recognize numbers. CONCLUSIONS This gaze-independent audiovisual BCI system represents a useful auxiliary bedside tool to detect the awareness of patients with DOC.
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Affiliation(s)
- Qiuyou Xie
- Coma Research Group, Centre for Hyperbaric Oxygen and Neurorehabilitation, Guangzhou General Hospital of Guangzhou Military Command, Guangzhou, 510010 China
| | - Jiahui Pan
- School of Software, South China Normal University, Guangzhou, 510641 China
- Center for Brain Computer Interfaces and Brain Information Processing, South China University of Technology, Guangzhou, 510640 China
| | - Yan Chen
- Coma Research Group, Centre for Hyperbaric Oxygen and Neurorehabilitation, Guangzhou General Hospital of Guangzhou Military Command, Guangzhou, 510010 China
| | - Yanbin He
- Coma Research Group, Centre for Hyperbaric Oxygen and Neurorehabilitation, Guangzhou General Hospital of Guangzhou Military Command, Guangzhou, 510010 China
| | - Xiaoxiao Ni
- Coma Research Group, Centre for Hyperbaric Oxygen and Neurorehabilitation, Guangzhou General Hospital of Guangzhou Military Command, Guangzhou, 510010 China
| | - Jiechun Zhang
- Coma Research Group, Centre for Hyperbaric Oxygen and Neurorehabilitation, Guangzhou General Hospital of Guangzhou Military Command, Guangzhou, 510010 China
| | - Fei Wang
- Center for Brain Computer Interfaces and Brain Information Processing, South China University of Technology, Guangzhou, 510640 China
| | - Yuanqing Li
- Center for Brain Computer Interfaces and Brain Information Processing, South China University of Technology, Guangzhou, 510640 China
| | - Ronghao Yu
- Coma Research Group, Centre for Hyperbaric Oxygen and Neurorehabilitation, Guangzhou General Hospital of Guangzhou Military Command, Guangzhou, 510010 China
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346
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Zhang Y, Wang Y, Ku Y. Hypnotic and non-hypnotic suggestion to ignore pre-cues decreases space-valence congruency effects in highly hypnotizable individuals. Conscious Cogn 2018; 65:293-303. [PMID: 30292101 DOI: 10.1016/j.concog.2018.09.009] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/13/2018] [Revised: 09/20/2018] [Accepted: 09/22/2018] [Indexed: 11/28/2022]
Abstract
Previous studies have shown that the speed of identifying emotional words is affected by pre-cues of up or down arrows, called the space-valence congruency effect (Zhang, Hu, Zhang, & Wang, 2015). In the present study, we investigate whether this effect is influenced by hypnotic or non-hypnotic suggestions to ignore pre-cues in highly hypnotizable individuals (HHIs). In all conditions, target words (including positive words, negative words and neutral words) primed by up or down arrows were presented to pre-screened HHIs. They were asked to identify whether the target words had emotional valence. Behavioral results showed that the space-valence congruency effect was absent in the hypnotic and non-hypnotic suggestion groups, but present in the non-suggestion control group. Consistently, the amplitudes of P2 components elicited by negative words were significantly larger when primed by down than by up arrows in the non-suggestion control group, and this P2 effect was absent in the hypnotic and non-hypnotic suggestion groups. Moreover, the amplitudes of the late positive components (LPC) showed no significant arrow-priming difference for positive targets in the hypnotic-suggestion and control groups. However, in the non-hypnotic suggestion group, the amplitudes of LPC were significantly larger when primed by down than up arrows for positive targets. Our results showed that suggestions, even without a hypnotic induction, can de-automatize embodied emotional recognition processes and modulate early attentional processing.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ya Zhang
- The Shanghai Key Lab of Brain Functional Genomics, Shanghai Changning-ECNU Mental Health Center, School of Psychology and Cognitive Science, East China Normal University, Shanghai, China
| | - Yan Wang
- The Shanghai Key Lab of Brain Functional Genomics, Shanghai Changning-ECNU Mental Health Center, School of Psychology and Cognitive Science, East China Normal University, Shanghai, China
| | - Yixuan Ku
- The Shanghai Key Lab of Brain Functional Genomics, Shanghai Changning-ECNU Mental Health Center, School of Psychology and Cognitive Science, East China Normal University, Shanghai, China; NYU-ECNU Institute of Brain and Cognitive Science, NYU Shanghai and Collaborative Innovation Center for Brain Science, Shanghai, China; Tongji Hospital, School of Medicine, Tongji University, Shanghai, China.
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347
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Wiens S, Szychowska M, Eklund R, van Berlekom E. Cascade and no-repetition rules are comparable controls for the auditory frequency mismatch negativity in oddball tasks. Psychophysiology 2018; 56:e13280. [PMID: 30246255 PMCID: PMC7379195 DOI: 10.1111/psyp.13280] [Citation(s) in RCA: 21] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/27/2017] [Revised: 07/19/2018] [Accepted: 07/23/2018] [Indexed: 11/29/2022]
Abstract
The mismatch negativity (MMN) has been widely studied with oddball tasks to index processing of unexpected auditory change. The MMN is computed as the difference of deviant minus standard and is used to capture the pattern violation by the deviant. However, this oddball MMN is confounded because the deviant differs physically from the standard and is presented less often. To improve measurement, the same tone as the deviant is presented in a separate condition. This control tone is equiprobable with other tones and is used to compute a corrected MMN (deviant minus control). Typically, the tones are in random order except that consecutive tones are not identical (no-repetition rule). In contrast, a recent study on frequency MMN presented tones in a regular up-and-down sequence (cascade rule). If the cascade rule is detected more easily than the no-repetition rule, there should be a lower risk of a confounding MMN within the cascade condition. However, in previous research, the cascade and no-repetition conditions differed not only in the regularity of the tone sequence but also in number of tones, frequency range, and proportion of tones. We controlled for these differences to isolate effects of regularity in the tone sequence. Results of our preregistered analyses provided moderate evidence (BF01 >6) that the corrected MMN did not differ between cascade and no-repetition conditions. These findings imply that no-repetition and cascade rules are processed similarly and that the no-repetition condition provides an adequate control in frequency MMN.
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Affiliation(s)
- Stefan Wiens
- Gösta Ekman Laboratory, Department of Psychology, Stockholm University, Stockholm, Sweden
| | - Malina Szychowska
- Gösta Ekman Laboratory, Department of Psychology, Stockholm University, Stockholm, Sweden
| | - Rasmus Eklund
- Gösta Ekman Laboratory, Department of Psychology, Stockholm University, Stockholm, Sweden
| | - Erik van Berlekom
- Gösta Ekman Laboratory, Department of Psychology, Stockholm University, Stockholm, Sweden
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348
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Venuto DD, Annese VF, Mezzina G, Scioscia F, Ruta M, Sciascio ED, Vincentelli AS. A Mobile Health System for Neurocognitive Impairment Evaluation Based on P300 Detection. ACM TRANSACTIONS ON CYBER-PHYSICAL SYSTEMS 2018. [DOI: 10.1145/3140236] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/28/2022]
Abstract
A new mobile healthcare system for neuro-cognitive function monitoring and treatment is presented. The architecture of the system features sensors to measure the brain potential, localized data analysis and filtering, and in-cloud distribution to specialized medical personnel. As such, it presents tradeoffs typical of other cyber-physical systems, where hardware, algorithms, and software implementations have to come together in a coherent fashion. The system is based on spatio-temporal detection and characterization of a specific brain potential called P300. The diagnosis of cognitive deficit is achieved by analyzing the data collected by the system with a new algorithm called tuned-Residue Iteration Decomposition (t-RIDE). The system has been tested on 17 subjects (
n
= 12 healthy,
n
= 3 mildly cognitive impaired, and
n
= 2 with Alzheimer's disease involved in three different cognitive tasks with increasing difficulty. The system allows fast diagnosis of cognitive deficit, including mild and heavy cognitive impairment: t-RIDE convergence is achieved in 79 iterations (i.e., 1.95s), yielding an 80% accuracy in P300 amplitude evaluation with only 13 trials on a single EEG channel.
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Affiliation(s)
- D. De Venuto
- Dept. of Electrical and Information Engineering, Polytechnic of Bari, Bari, Italy
| | - V. F. Annese
- Dept. of Electrical and Information Engineering, Polytechnic of Bari, Bari, Italy
| | - G. Mezzina
- Dept. of Electrical and Information Engineering, Polytechnic of Bari, Bari, Italy
| | - F. Scioscia
- Dept. of Electrical and Information Engineering, Polytechnic of Bari, Bari, Italy
| | - M. Ruta
- Dept. of Electrical and Information Engineering, Polytechnic of Bari, Bari, Italy
| | - E. Di Sciascio
- Dept. of Electrical and Information Engineering, Polytechnic of Bari, Bari, Italy
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349
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Yang CY, Huang CK. Working-memory evaluation based on EEG signals during n-back tasks. J Integr Neurosci 2018; 17:695-707. [DOI: 10.3233/jin-180096] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/15/2022] Open
Affiliation(s)
- Chia-Yen Yang
- Department of Biomedical Engineering, Ming Chuan University, No. 5 De Ming Rd., Gui Shan District, Taoyuan County 333, Taiwan
| | - Chong-Kai Huang
- Department of Electrical Engineering, Chang Gung University, No. 259, Wen hua 1st Rd., Gui shan District, Taoyuan County 333, Taiwan
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350
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Azabou E, Rohaut B, Porcher R, Heming N, Kandelman S, Allary J, Moneger G, Faugeras F, Sitt JD, Annane D, Lofaso F, Chrétien F, Mantz J, Naccache L, Sharshar T. Mismatch negativity to predict subsequent awakening in deeply sedated critically ill patients. Br J Anaesth 2018; 121:1290-1297. [PMID: 30442256 DOI: 10.1016/j.bja.2018.06.029] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/08/2018] [Revised: 06/14/2018] [Accepted: 06/27/2018] [Indexed: 01/11/2023] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Mismatch negativity (MMN) is the neurophysiological correlate of cognitive integration of novel stimuli. Although MMN is a well-established predictor of awakening in non-sedated comatose patients, its prognostic value in deeply sedated critically ill patients remains unknown. The aim of this prospective, observational pilot study was to investigate the prognostic value of MMN for subsequent awakening in deeply sedated critically ill patients. METHODS MMN was recorded in 43 deeply sedated critically ill patients on Day 3 of ICU admission using a classical 'odd-ball' paradigm that delivers rare deviant sounds in a train of frequent standard sounds. Individual visual analyses and a group level analysis of recordings were performed. MMN amplitudes were then analysed according to the neurological status (awake vs not awake) at Day 28. RESULTS Median (inter-quartile range) Richmond Assessment Sedation Scale (RASS) at the time of recording was -5 (range, from -5 to -4.5). Visual detection of MMN revealed a poor inter-rater agreement [kappa=0.17, 95% confidence interval (0.07-0.26)]. On Day 28, 30 (70%) patients had regained consciousness while 13 (30%) had not. Quantitative group level analysis revealed a significantly greater MMN amplitude for patients who awakened compared with those who had not [mean (standard deviation) = -0.65 (1.4) vs 0.08 (0.17) μV, respectively; P=0.003). CONCLUSIONS MMN can be observed in deeply sedated critically ill patients and could help predict subsequent awakening. However, visual analysis alone is unreliable and should be systematically completed with individual level statistics.
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Affiliation(s)
- E Azabou
- Department of Physiology, Assistance Publique-Hôpitaux de Paris, Raymond-Poincaré Hospital, INSERM U 1179, University of Versailles Saint-Quentin en Yvelines, Garches, Paris, France; General Intensive Care Unit, Assistance Publique-Hôpitaux de Paris, Raymond-Poincaré Hospital, INSERM U1173, University of Versailles Saint-Quentin en Yvelines, Garches, France
| | - B Rohaut
- Department of Neurology, Neuro-ICU, Columbia University, New York, NY, USA
| | - R Porcher
- Center for Clinical Epidemiology, Assistance Publique-Hôpitaux de Paris, Hotel Dieu Hospital, University Paris Descartes, INSERM U1153, Paris, France
| | - N Heming
- General Intensive Care Unit, Assistance Publique-Hôpitaux de Paris, Raymond-Poincaré Hospital, INSERM U1173, University of Versailles Saint-Quentin en Yvelines, Garches, France
| | - S Kandelman
- Department of Anesthesiology and Intensive Care Medicine, Beaujon Hospital, University of Denis Diderot, Clichy, France
| | - J Allary
- Department of Anesthesiology and Intensive Care Medicine, Beaujon Hospital, University of Denis Diderot, Clichy, France
| | - G Moneger
- General Intensive Care Unit, Assistance Publique-Hôpitaux de Paris, Raymond-Poincaré Hospital, INSERM U1173, University of Versailles Saint-Quentin en Yvelines, Garches, France
| | - F Faugeras
- Institut du Cerveau et de la Moelle épinière, Paris, France
| | - J D Sitt
- Institut du Cerveau et de la Moelle épinière, Paris, France
| | - D Annane
- General Intensive Care Unit, Assistance Publique-Hôpitaux de Paris, Raymond-Poincaré Hospital, INSERM U1173, University of Versailles Saint-Quentin en Yvelines, Garches, France
| | - F Lofaso
- Department of Physiology, Assistance Publique-Hôpitaux de Paris, Raymond-Poincaré Hospital, INSERM U 1179, University of Versailles Saint-Quentin en Yvelines, Garches, Paris, France
| | - F Chrétien
- Laboratory of Experimental Neuropathology, Institut Pasteur, Paris, France
| | - J Mantz
- Laboratory of Experimental Neuropathology, Institut Pasteur, Paris, France; Department of Anesthesiology and Intensive Care Medicine, European Hospital Georges Pompidou, Paris Descartes University, Paris, France
| | - L Naccache
- Institut du Cerveau et de la Moelle épinière, Paris, France
| | - T Sharshar
- Laboratory of Experimental Neuropathology, Institut Pasteur, Paris, France; Department of Neuro-Intensive Care Medicine, Sainte-Anne Hospital, Paris-Descartes University, Paris, France; Laboratoire de Neuropathologie Expérimentale, Institut Pasteur, Paris, France.
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