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Vaughan S, Coward JI, Bast Jr. RC, Berchuck A, Berek JS, Brenton JD, Coukos G, Crum CC, Drapkin R, Etemadmoghadam D, Friedlander M, Gabra H, Kaye SB, Lord CJ, Lengyel E, Levine DA, McNeish IA, Menon U, Mills GB, Nephew KP, Oza AM, Sood AK, Stronach EA, Walczak H, Bowtell DD, Balkwill FR. Rethinking ovarian cancer: recommendations for improving outcomes. Nat Rev Cancer 2011; 11:719-25. [PMID: 21941283 PMCID: PMC3380637 DOI: 10.1038/nrc3144] [Citation(s) in RCA: 969] [Impact Index Per Article: 74.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/13/2022]
Abstract
There have been major advances in our understanding of the cellular and molecular biology of the human malignancies that are collectively referred to as ovarian cancer. At a recent Helene Harris Memorial Trust meeting, an international group of researchers considered actions that should be taken to improve the outcome for women with ovarian cancer. Nine major recommendations are outlined in this Opinion article.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sebastian Vaughan
- Ovarian Cancer Action Research Centre, Imperial College London Hammersmith Campus, Du Cane Road, London, W12 0NN
| | | | - Robert C. Bast Jr.
- MD Anderson Cancer Center, Ovarian Cancer Research Lab, 1515 Holcombe Blvd, Houston, Texas 77030, USA
| | - Andy Berchuck
- Duke University Medical Center, Division of Gynecologic Oncology, DUMC 3079, Durham, NC 27710
| | - Jonathan S. Berek
- Stanford Women’s Cancer Center, Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Stanford University School of Medicine, Stanford, California, 94305, USA
| | - James D. Brenton
- Cancer Research UK, Li Ka Shing Centre, Robinson Way, Cambridge, CB2 0RE
| | - George Coukos
- University of Pennsylvania, Center for Research on Women’s Health, 1315 Rm, BRB II/III, Philadelphia, Pennsylvania 19104, USA
| | - Christopher C. Crum
- Brigham and Women’s Hospital, 75 Francis Street, Boston, Massachusetts 02445, USA
| | - Ronny Drapkin
- Dana-Farber Cancer Institute, Harvard Medical School, JFB 215D, 450 Brookline Avenue, Boston, Massachusetts 02215, USA
| | | | - Michael Friedlander
- Prince of Wales Cancer Centre, Department of Medical Oncology, Barker Street, Randwick, 2031, Australia
| | - Hani Gabra
- Ovarian Cancer Action Research Centre, Imperial College London Hammersmith Campus, Du Cane Road, London, W12 0NN
| | - Stan B. Kaye
- Institute of Cancer Research/Royal Marsden Hospital, Section of Medicine, Downs Road, Sutton, SM2 5PT
| | - Chris J. Lord
- Institute of Cancer Research, Breakthrough Toby Robins Breast Cancer Research Institute, 237 Fulham Road, London, SW3 6JB
| | - Ernst Lengyel
- University of Chicago Medical Center, 5841 S. Maryland Avenue, MC 2050, Chicago, Illinois 60637, USA
| | - Douglas A. Levine
- Memorial Sloan-Kettering Cancer Center, 1275 York Avenue, New York, New York 10021, USA
| | - Iain A. McNeish
- Queen Mary University of London, Barts Cancer Institute, Charterhouse Square, London, EC1M 6BQ
| | - Usha Menon
- University College London Elizabeth Garrett Institute of Women’s Health, Euston Road, London, NW1 2BU
| | - Gordon B. Mills
- University of Texas M.D. Anderson Cancer Center, 1515, Holcombe Boulevard, Houston, Texas 77030, USA
| | - Kenneth P. Nephew
- Indiana University School of Medicine, 1001 E. Third Street, Bloomington, Indiana 47405, USA
| | - Amit M. Oza
- Princess Margaret Hospital, 5th Floor Rm 5-717, 610 University Ave, Toronto, Ontario M5G 2M9, Canada
| | - Anil K. Sood
- University of Texas M. D. Anderson Cancer Center, Departments of Gynecologic Oncology and Cancer Biology, Unit 1362, P.O. BOX 301439, Houston, Texas 77230, USA
| | - Euan A. Stronach
- Ovarian Cancer Action Research Centre, Imperial College London Hammersmith Campus, Du Cane Road, London, W12 0NN
| | - Henning Walczak
- Division of Immunology and Inflammation, Imperial College London, South Kensington Campus, London, SW7 2AZ
| | - David D. Bowtell
- Corressponding author, DAVID BOWTELL, Head, Cancer Genomics and Genetics Program, Principal Investigator Australian Ovarian Cancer Study, Peter MacCallum Cancer Centre, Department of Biochemistry, University of Melbourne, , Lab 61-3-96561287, Office 61-3-96561356, Mail Address: Research Division, Peter MacCallum Cancer Centre, Locked Bag 1 A'Beckett St, Melbourne 8006, VIC. Australia, http://www.petermac-research.org.au
| | - Frances R. Balkwill
- Queen Mary University of London, Centre for Cancer and Inflammation, Charterhouse Square, Barts and the London Medical School, London, EC1M 6BQ
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302
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Matulonis UA, Hirsch M, Palescandolo E, Kim E, Liu J, van Hummelen P, MacConaill L, Drapkin R, Hahn WC. High throughput interrogation of somatic mutations in high grade serous cancer of the ovary. PLoS One 2011; 6:e24433. [PMID: 21931712 PMCID: PMC3169600 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0024433] [Citation(s) in RCA: 40] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/02/2011] [Accepted: 08/09/2011] [Indexed: 11/19/2022] Open
Abstract
Background Epithelial ovarian cancer is the most lethal of all gynecologic malignancies, and high grade serous ovarian cancer (HGSC) is the most common subtype of ovarian cancer. The objective of this study was to determine the frequency and types of point somatic mutations in HGSC using a mutation detection protocol called OncoMap that employs mass spectrometric-based genotyping technology. Methodology/Principal Findings The Center for Cancer Genome Discovery (CCGD) Program at the Dana-Farber Cancer Institute (DFCI) has adapted a high-throughput genotyping platform to determine the mutation status of a large panel of known cancer genes. The mutation detection protocol, termed OncoMap has been expanded to detect more than 1000 mutations in 112 oncogenes in formalin-fixed paraffin-embedded (FFPE) tissue samples. We performed OncoMap on a set of 203 FFPE advanced staged HGSC specimens. We isolated genomic DNA from these samples, and after a battery of quality assurance tests, ran each of these samples on the OncoMap v3 platform. 56% (113/203) tumor samples harbored candidate mutations. Sixty-five samples had single mutations (32%) while the remaining samples had ≥2 mutations (24%). 196 candidate mutation calls were made in 50 genes. The most common somatic oncogene mutations were found in EGFR, KRAS, PDGRFα, KIT, and PIK3CA. Other mutations found in additional genes were found at lower frequencies (<3%). Conclusions/Significance Sequenom analysis using OncoMap on DNA extracted from FFPE ovarian cancer samples is feasible and leads to the detection of potentially druggable mutations. Screening HGSC for somatic mutations in oncogenes may lead to additional therapies for this patient population.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ursula A Matulonis
- Department of Medical Oncology, Dana-Farber Cancer Institute, Boston, Massachusetts, United States of America.
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306
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Clear cell carcinoma of the ovary: a report from the first Ovarian Clear Cell Symposium, June 24th, 2010. Gynecol Oncol 2011; 121:407-15. [PMID: 21276610 DOI: 10.1016/j.ygyno.2011.01.005] [Citation(s) in RCA: 186] [Impact Index Per Article: 14.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/09/2010] [Revised: 01/01/2011] [Accepted: 01/03/2011] [Indexed: 11/23/2022]
Abstract
OBJECTIVES Recent literature has highlighted histological types of ovarian carcinoma as distinct diseases, each with unique clinical and molecular features. Historically, the diagnosis of ovarian clear cell carcinoma (CCC) has been of concern to both patients and physicians due to reports that CCC is associated with a worse prognosis than the more common serous type of ovarian carcinoma (HGSC). This review discusses the unique features of ovarian CCC. METHODS In June of 2010, a group of researchers and clinicians convened in Vancouver to review and discuss the clinical, pathological, molecular, and treatment-related features of CCC. RESULTS CCC is the second most common type of ovarian epithelial cancer, representing 5-25% of ovarian carcinomas. It is characterised by its association with endometriosis, and frequent mutations of ARID1A and PIK3CA. Low-stage CCC appears to have a better outcome than stage matched HGSC, while the opposite is true for high-stage disease, suggesting that the current standard treatments applied to HGSC are ineffective for CCC. CONCLUSIONS Ovarian CCC is highly distinct from HGSC, and a clearer understanding of the basic biology of this disease is needed. Alternative therapies should be explored: irradiation and targeting disease-specific molecular markers should be examined in greater detail. Finally, novel approaches to clinical trial design are needed due to the smaller numbers of patients affected.
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