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Abstract
The design and development of selective ligands for the human OT (oxytocin) and AVP (arginine vasopressin) receptors is a big challenge since the different receptor subtypes and their native peptide ligands display great similarity. Detailed understanding of the mechanism of OT's interaction with its receptor is important and may assist in the ligand- or structure-based design of selective and potent ligands. In the present article, we compared 69 OT- and OT-like receptor sequences with regards to their molecular evolution and diversity, utilized an in silico approach to map the common ligand interaction sites of recently published G-protein-coupled receptor structures to a model of the human OTR (OT receptor) and compared these interacting residues within a selection of different OTR sequences. Our analysis suggests the existence of a binding site for OT peptides within the common transmembrane core region of the receptor, but it appears extremely difficult to identify receptor or ligand residues that could explain the selectivity of OT to its receptors. We remain confident that the presented evolutionary overview and modelling approach will aid interpretation of forthcoming OTR crystal structures.
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302
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Kutina AV, Marina AS, Shakhmatova EI, Natochin YV. Vasotocin analogues with selective natriuretic, kaliuretic and antidiuretic effects in rats. ACTA ACUST UNITED AC 2013; 185:57-64. [PMID: 23835093 DOI: 10.1016/j.regpep.2013.06.013] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/26/2012] [Revised: 05/07/2013] [Accepted: 06/27/2013] [Indexed: 10/26/2022]
Abstract
The aim of the present study was an investigation of mechanisms mediating selective effect of vasotocin analogues on water, sodium, and potassium excretion. We tested vasotocin analogues: Mpa(1)-vasotocin (dAVT), Mpa(1)-Arg(4)-vasotocin (dAAVT) and Mpa(1)-DArg(8)-vasotocin (dDAVT). The effects on water, sodium, and potassium transport were evaluated in experiments using normal and water-loaded Wistar rats. It was shown that all tested peptides exerted antidiuretic activity. Vasotocin and dAVT induced natriuresis and kaliuresis in rats. V1a agonist (Phe(2)-Ile(3)-Orn(8)-vasopressin) reproduced the renal effects of dAVT on sodium and potassium excretion but not on water reabsorption. dAAVT, dDAVT and V2 agonist (desmopressin) induced kaliuresis without any effect on sodium excretion. Natriuresis was associated with increase in cGMP excretion, whereas kaliuresis was correlated with rise of cAMP excretion. V1a antagonist (Pmp(1)-Tyr(Me)(2)-vasopressin) significantly reduced the dAVT-stimulated natriuresis and did not influence on urinary potassium excretion. V2 antagonist (Pmp(1)-DIle(2)-Ile(4)-vasopressin) significantly reduced the dAVT- and dAAVT-induced kaliuresis. It is assumed that effects of the nonapeptides on sodium and potassium transport are independent of their antidiuretic activity and mediated by different subtypes of V receptors (the V1a or V1a-like receptor for natriuretic effect and V2 or V2-like one for kaliuretic). In accordance to the data obtained, there is a possibility of selective regulation of renal water reabsorption and urinary sodium and potassium excretion with involvement of neurohypophysial hormones.
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Affiliation(s)
- Anna V Kutina
- Sechenov Institute of Evolutionary Physiology and Biochemistry of the Russian Academy of Sciences, 44 Thorez Pr., 194223 Saint-Petersburg, Russia.
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303
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Busnelli M, Bulgheroni E, Manning M, Kleinau G, Chini B. Selective and potent agonists and antagonists for investigating the role of mouse oxytocin receptors. J Pharmacol Exp Ther 2013; 346:318-27. [PMID: 23723434 DOI: 10.1124/jpet.113.202994] [Citation(s) in RCA: 72] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/22/2022] Open
Abstract
The neuropeptides oxytocin (OT) and vasopressin (AVP) have been shown to play a central role in social behaviors; as a consequence, they have been recognized as potential drugs to treat neurodevelopmental and psychiatric disorders characterized by impaired social interactions. However, despite the basic and preclinical relevance of mouse strains carrying genetic alterations in the OT/AVP systems to basic and preclinical translational neuroscience, the pharmacological profile of mouse OT/AVP receptor subtypes has not been fully characterized. To fill in this gap, we have characterized a number of OT and AVP agonists and antagonists at three murine OT/AVP receptors expressed in the nervous system as follows: the oxytocin (mOTR) and vasopressin V1a (mV1aR) and V1b (mV1bR) subtypes. These three receptors were transiently expressed in vitro for binding and intracellular signaling assays, and then a homology model of the mOTR structure was constructed to investigate how its molecular features compare with human and rat OTR orthologs. Our data indicate that the selectivity profile of the natural ligands, OT and AVP, is conserved in humans, rats, and mice. Furthermore, we found that the synthetic peptide [Thr(4)Gly(7)]OT (TGOT) is remarkably selective for the mOTR and, like the endogenous OT ligand, activates Gq and Gi and recruits β-arrestins. Finally, we report three antagonists that exhibit remarkably high affinities and selectivities at mOTRs. These highly selective pharmacological tools will contribute to the investigation of the specific physiologic and pathologic roles of mOTR for the development of selective OT-based therapeutics.
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304
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The Effects of Acute Arginine Vasopressin Administration on Social Cognition in Healthy Males. ACTA ACUST UNITED AC 2013. [DOI: 10.1155/2013/386306] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/08/2023]
Abstract
The structurally similar neuropeptides and hormones oxytocin (OT) and arginine vasopressin (AVP) play significant and complex roles in modulating a range of social behaviours, including social recognition and bond formation. Although OT has well-known roles in facilitating prosocial behaviors and enhancing emotion recognition, AVP has received increasing interest for diverging effects on social cognition behaviour most notably in males. The current study aimed to determine whether AVP also modulates the ability to understand emotion. Using a randomised double blind procedure, 45 healthy young males received either an AVP or placebo nasal spray and completed the Reading the Mind in the Eyes Test (RMET). In contrast to previous findings, there were no significant differences observed in performance on the RMET between AVP and placebo groups, even after examining items separated by task difficulty, emotional valence, and gender. This study provides diverging evidence from previous findings and adds to the growing body of research exploring the influence of neuropeptide hormones in social behaviour. It demonstrates that in this sample of participants, AVP does not enhance the ability to understand higher order emotion from others. Implications and suggestions for future AVP administration studies are discussed.
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305
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Guastella AJ, Alvares GA, Hickie IB, Chan HK, Chen TF, Banati RB. Unitary hormonal models, peripheral markers, and evaluation of response to drug: a response to Weisman and Feldman. Psychoneuroendocrinology 2013; 38:627-8. [PMID: 23582730 DOI: 10.1016/j.psyneuen.2013.03.005] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/06/2013] [Accepted: 03/07/2013] [Indexed: 11/19/2022]
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306
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Yamashita M, Takayanagi Y, Yoshida M, Nishimori K, Kusama M, Onaka T. Involvement of prolactin-releasing peptide in the activation of oxytocin neurones in response to food intake. J Neuroendocrinol 2013; 25:455-65. [PMID: 23363338 PMCID: PMC3664423 DOI: 10.1111/jne.12019] [Citation(s) in RCA: 44] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/24/2012] [Revised: 12/10/2012] [Accepted: 12/26/2012] [Indexed: 12/16/2022]
Abstract
Food intake activates neurones expressing prolactin-releasing peptide (PrRP) in the medulla oblongata and oxytocin neurones in the hypothalamus. Both PrRP and oxytocin have been shown to have an anorexic action. In the present study, we investigated whether the activation of oxytocin neurones following food intake is mediated by PrRP. We first examined the expression of PrRP receptors (also known as GPR10) in rats. Immunoreactivity of PrRP receptors was observed in oxytocin neurones and in vasopressin neurones in the paraventricular and supraoptic nuclei of the hypothalamus and in the bed nucleus of the stria terminalis. Application of PrRP to isolated supraoptic nuclei facilitated the release of oxytocin and vasopressin. In mice, re-feeding increased the expression of Fos protein in oxytocin neurones of the hypothalamus and bed nucleus of the stria terminalis. The increased expression of Fos protein in oxytocin neurones following re-feeding or i.p. administration of cholecystokinin octapeptide (CCK), a peripheral satiety factor, was impaired in PrRP-deficient mice. CCK-induced oxytocin increase in plasma was also impaired in PrRP-deficient mice. Furthermore, oxytocin receptor-deficient mice showed an increased meal size, as reported in PrRP-deficient mice and in CCKA receptor-deficient mice. These findings suggest that PrRP mediates, at least in part, the activation of oxytocin neurones in response to food intake, and that the CCK-PrRP-oxytocin pathway plays an important role in the control of the termination of each meal.
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Affiliation(s)
- M Yamashita
- Division of Brain and Neurophysiology, Department of Physiology, Jichi Medical University, Shimotsuke-shi, Japan
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307
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Otero-Garcia M, Martin-Sanchez A, Fortes-Marco L, Martínez-Ricós J, Agustin-Pavón C, Lanuza E, Martínez-García F. Extending the socio-sexual brain: arginine-vasopressin immunoreactive circuits in the telencephalon of mice. Brain Struct Funct 2013; 219:1055-81. [PMID: 23625152 DOI: 10.1007/s00429-013-0553-3] [Citation(s) in RCA: 27] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/19/2012] [Accepted: 04/11/2013] [Indexed: 12/30/2022]
Abstract
Quantitative analysis of the immunoreactivity for arginine-vasopressin (AVP-ir) in the telencephalon of male (intact and castrated) and female CD1 mice allows us to precisely locate two sexually dimorphic (more abundant in intact than castrated males and females) AVP-ir cell groups in the posterior bed nucleus of the stria terminalis (BST) and the amygdala. Chemoarchitecture (NADPH diaphorase) reveals that the intraamygdaloid AVP-ir cells are located in the intra-amygdaloid BST (BSTIA) rather than the medial amygdala (Me), as previously thought. Then, we have used for the first time tract tracing (combined with AVP immunofluorescence) and fiber-sparing lesions of the BST to analyze the projections of the telencephalic AVP-ir cell groups. The results demonstrate that the posterior BST originates the sexually dimorphic innervation of the lateral septum, the posterodorsal Me and a substance P-negative area in the medioventral striato-pallidum (mvStP).The BSTIA may also contribute to some of these terminal fields. Our material also reveals non-dimorphic AVP-ir processes in two locations of the amygdala. First, the ventral Me shows dendrite-like AVP-ir processes apparently belonging supraoptic neurons, whose possible functions are discussed. Second, the Ce shows sparse, thick AVP-ir axons with high individual variability in density and distribution, whose possible influence on stress coping in relation to the affiliative or agonistic behaviors mediated by the Me are discussed. Finally, we propose that the region of the mvStP showing sexually dimorphic AVP-ir innervation is part of the brain network for socio-sexual behavior, in which it would mediate motivational aspects of chemosensory-guided social interactions.
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Affiliation(s)
- Marcos Otero-Garcia
- Laboratori de Neuroanatomia Funcional Comparada, Depts. Biologia Funcional i Biologia Cel·lular, Fac. Ciències Biològiques, Univ. València, C. Dr. Moliner, 50, 46100, Burjassot, Spain
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308
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Kutina AV, Marina AS, Eliseev II, Titov MI, Natochin YV. Synthesis of new vasotocin analogues: effects on renal water and ion excretion in rats. J Pept Sci 2013; 19:268-76. [DOI: 10.1002/psc.2495] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/03/2012] [Revised: 01/22/2013] [Accepted: 01/22/2013] [Indexed: 11/06/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Anna V. Kutina
- Sechenov Institute of Evolutionary Physiology and Biochemistry; Russian Academy of Sciences; 194223; Saint-Petersburg; 44 Thorez Pr.; Russia
| | - Anna S. Marina
- Sechenov Institute of Evolutionary Physiology and Biochemistry; Russian Academy of Sciences; 194223; Saint-Petersburg; 44 Thorez Pr.; Russia
| | - Ivan I. Eliseev
- Chemical Faculty; Saint-Petersburg State University; 198504; Saint-Petersburg; Petrodvorets, 26 Universitetsky Pr.; Russia
| | - Mikhail I. Titov
- Chemical Faculty; Saint-Petersburg State University; 198504; Saint-Petersburg; Petrodvorets, 26 Universitetsky Pr.; Russia
| | - Yuri V. Natochin
- Sechenov Institute of Evolutionary Physiology and Biochemistry; Russian Academy of Sciences; 194223; Saint-Petersburg; 44 Thorez Pr.; Russia
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309
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Macdonald K, Feifel D. Helping oxytocin deliver: considerations in the development of oxytocin-based therapeutics for brain disorders. Front Neurosci 2013; 7:35. [PMID: 23508240 PMCID: PMC3597931 DOI: 10.3389/fnins.2013.00035] [Citation(s) in RCA: 122] [Impact Index Per Article: 11.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/06/2012] [Accepted: 02/28/2013] [Indexed: 11/13/2022] Open
Abstract
Concerns regarding a drought in psychopharmacology have risen from many quarters. From one perspective, the wellspring of bedrock medications for anxiety disorders, depression, and schizophrenia was serendipitously discovered over 30 year ago, the swell of pharmaceutical investment in drug discovery has receded, and the pipeline's flow of medications with unique mechanisms of action (i.e., glutamatergic agents, CRF antagonists) has slowed to a trickle. Might oxytocin (OT)-based therapeutics be an oasis? Though a large basic science literature and a slowly increasing number of studies in human diseases support this hope, the bulk of extant OT studies in humans are single-dose studies on normals, and do not directly relate to improvements in human brain-based diseases. Instead, these studies have left us with a field pregnant with therapeutic possibilities, but barren of definitive treatments. In this clinically oriented review, we discuss the extant OT literature with an eye toward helping OT deliver on its promise as a therapeutic agent. To this end, we identify 10 key questions that we believe future OT research should address. From this overview, several conclusions are clear: (1) the OT system represents an extremely promising target for novel CNS drug development; (2) there is a pressing need for rigorous, randomized controlled clinical trials targeting actual patients; and (3) in order to inform the design and execution of these vital trials, we need further translational studies addressing the questions posed in this review. Looking forward, we extend a cautious hope that the next decade of OT research will birth OT-targeted treatments that can truly deliver on this system's therapeutic potential.
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Affiliation(s)
- K Macdonald
- Department of Psychiatry, University of California, San Diego San Diego, CA, USA
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310
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Carson DS, Guastella AJ, Taylor ER, McGregor IS. A brief history of oxytocin and its role in modulating psychostimulant effects. J Psychopharmacol 2013; 27:231-47. [PMID: 23348754 DOI: 10.1177/0269881112473788] [Citation(s) in RCA: 69] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/16/2022]
Abstract
Over the past century, the polypeptide oxytocin has played an important role in medicine with major highlights including the identification of its involvement in parturition and the milk let-down reflex. Oxytocin is now implicated in an extensive range of psychological phenomena including reward and memory processes and has been investigated as a treatment for several psychiatric disorders including addiction, anxiety, autism, and schizophrenia. In this review, we first provide an historical overview of oxytocin and describe key aspects of its physiological activity. We then outline some pharmacological limitations in this field of research before highlighting the role of oxytocin in a wide range of behavioral and neuronal processes. Finally, we review evidence for a modulatory role of oxytocin with regard to psychostimulant effects. Key findings suggest that oxytocin attenuates a broad number of cocaine and methamphetamine induced behaviors and associated neuronal activity in rodents. Evidence also outlines a role for oxytocin in the prosocial effects of 3,4-methylenedioxymethamphetamine (MDMA, Ecstasy) in both rodents and humans. Clinical trials should now investigate the effectiveness of oxytocin as a novel intervention for psychostimulant addiction and should aim to determine its specific role in the therapeutic properties of MDMA that are currently being investigated.
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Affiliation(s)
- Dean S Carson
- Department of Psychiatry and Behavioral Sciences, Stanford University School of Medicine, 1201 Welch Rd, MSLS, Mail Code 5485, Stanford, CA 94305, USA.
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311
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Exploring bioactive peptides from natural sources for oxytocin and vasopressin drug discovery. Future Med Chem 2013; 4:1791-8. [PMID: 23043476 DOI: 10.4155/fmc.12.108] [Citation(s) in RCA: 37] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/19/2022] Open
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312
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Kwiatkowska A, Lewandowska M, Borovičková L, Slaninová J, Lammek B, Prahl A. Design, Synthesis and Structure-Activity Relationship of New Arginine Vasopressin Analogues Containing Proline Derivatives in Position 2. Chem Biol Drug Des 2013. [DOI: 10.1111/cbdd.12093] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/09/2023]
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313
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Slusarz MJ, Sikorska E, Slusarz R. Interactions of vasopressin and oxytocin receptors with vasopressin analogues substituted in position 2 with 3,3'-diphenylalanine--a molecular docking study. J Pept Sci 2013; 19:118-26. [PMID: 23303737 DOI: 10.1002/psc.2485] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/07/2012] [Revised: 12/12/2012] [Accepted: 12/20/2012] [Indexed: 11/11/2022]
Abstract
Vasopressin and oxytocin receptors belong to the superfamily of G protein-coupled receptors and play an important role in many physiological functions. They are also involved in a number of pathological conditions being important drug targets. In this work, four vasopressin analogues substituted at position 2 with 3,3'-diphenylalanine have been docked into partially flexible vasopressin and oxytocin receptors. The bulky residue at position 2 acts as a structural restraint much stronger in the oxytocin receptor (OTR) than in the vasopressin V2 receptor (V2R), resulting in a different location of the analogues in these receptors. This explains the different, either agonistic or antagonistic, activities of the analogues in V2R and OTR, respectively. In all complexes, the conserved polar residues serve as anchor points for the ligand both in OTR and V2R. Strong interactions of the C-terminus of analogue II ([Mpa(1) ,d-Dpa(2) ,Val(4) ,d-Arg(8) ]VP) with extracellular loop 3 may be responsible for its highest activity at V2R. It also appears that V2R adapts more readily to the docking analogues by conformational changes in the aromatic side chains triggering receptor activation. A weak activity at V1a vasopressin receptor appears to be caused by weak receptor-ligand interactions. Results of this study may facilitate a rational design of new analogues with the highest activity/selectivity at vasopressin and OTRs.
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Affiliation(s)
- Magdalena J Slusarz
- Faculty of Chemistry, University of Gdańsk, Sobieskiego 18, 80-952, Gdańsk, Poland.
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314
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Abstract
Oxytocin (OT) and vasopressin (VP) are two closely related neuropeptides, widely known for their peripheral hormonal effects. Specific receptors have also been found in the brain, where their neuromodulatory actions have meanwhile been described in a large number of regions. Recently, it has become possible to study their endogenous neuropeptide release with the help of OT/VP promoter-driven expression of fluorescent proteins and light-activated ion channels. In this review, I summarize the neuromodulatory effects of OT and VP in different brain regions by grouping these into different behavioral systems, highlighting their concerted, and at times opposite, effects on different aspects of behavior.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ron Stoop
- Centre for Psychiatric Neurosciences, Lausanne University Hospital Center, Lausanne, Switzerland.
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315
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Loison S, Cottet M, Orcel H, Adihou H, Rahmeh R, Lamarque L, Trinquet E, Kellenberger E, Hibert M, Durroux T, Mouillac B, Bonnet D. Selective Fluorescent Nonpeptidic Antagonists For Vasopressin V2 GPCR: Application To Ligand Screening and Oligomerization Assays. J Med Chem 2012; 55:8588-602. [DOI: 10.1021/jm3006146] [Citation(s) in RCA: 43] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/28/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Stéphanie Loison
- Laboratoire
d’Innovation
Thérapeutique, UMR7200 CNRS/Université de Strasbourg,
Faculté de Pharmacie, 74 route du Rhin, 67412 Illkirch, France
| | - Martin Cottet
- CNRS UMR 5203, INSERM U661,
and Université Montpellier I et II, Institut de Génomique
Fonctionnelle, Département de Pharmacologie Moléculaire,
141 rue de la Cardonille, 34094 Montpellier Cedex 5, France
| | - Hélène Orcel
- CNRS UMR 5203, INSERM U661,
and Université Montpellier I et II, Institut de Génomique
Fonctionnelle, Département de Pharmacologie Moléculaire,
141 rue de la Cardonille, 34094 Montpellier Cedex 5, France
| | - Hélène Adihou
- Laboratoire
d’Innovation
Thérapeutique, UMR7200 CNRS/Université de Strasbourg,
Faculté de Pharmacie, 74 route du Rhin, 67412 Illkirch, France
| | - Rita Rahmeh
- CNRS UMR 5203, INSERM U661,
and Université Montpellier I et II, Institut de Génomique
Fonctionnelle, Département de Pharmacologie Moléculaire,
141 rue de la Cardonille, 34094 Montpellier Cedex 5, France
| | - Laurent Lamarque
- Cisbio Bioassays, Parc Marcel
Boiteux, BP84175, 30200 Codolet, France
| | - Eric Trinquet
- Cisbio Bioassays, Parc Marcel
Boiteux, BP84175, 30200 Codolet, France
| | - Esther Kellenberger
- Laboratoire
d’Innovation
Thérapeutique, UMR7200 CNRS/Université de Strasbourg,
Faculté de Pharmacie, 74 route du Rhin, 67412 Illkirch, France
| | - Marcel Hibert
- Laboratoire
d’Innovation
Thérapeutique, UMR7200 CNRS/Université de Strasbourg,
Faculté de Pharmacie, 74 route du Rhin, 67412 Illkirch, France
| | - Thierry Durroux
- CNRS UMR 5203, INSERM U661,
and Université Montpellier I et II, Institut de Génomique
Fonctionnelle, Département de Pharmacologie Moléculaire,
141 rue de la Cardonille, 34094 Montpellier Cedex 5, France
| | - Bernard Mouillac
- CNRS UMR 5203, INSERM U661,
and Université Montpellier I et II, Institut de Génomique
Fonctionnelle, Département de Pharmacologie Moléculaire,
141 rue de la Cardonille, 34094 Montpellier Cedex 5, France
| | - Dominique Bonnet
- Laboratoire
d’Innovation
Thérapeutique, UMR7200 CNRS/Université de Strasbourg,
Faculté de Pharmacie, 74 route du Rhin, 67412 Illkirch, France
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316
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de Vries GJ, Veenema AH, Brown CH. Vasopressin and oxytocin: keys to understanding the neural control of physiology and behaviour. J Neuroendocrinol 2012; 24:527. [PMID: 22375917 DOI: 10.1111/j.1365-2826.2012.02305.x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/30/2022]
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