301
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Prim N, Rivera A, Español M, Mirelis B, Coll P. In Vivo Adaptive Resistance to Colistin inEscherichia coliIsolates: Table 1. Clin Infect Dis 2015; 61:1628-9. [DOI: 10.1093/cid/civ645] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/13/2022] Open
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302
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Sautrey G, Duval RE, Chevalley A, Fontanay S, Clarot I. Capillary electrophoresis for fast detection of heterogeneous population in colistin-resistant Gram-negative bacteria. Electrophoresis 2015; 36:2630-3. [PMID: 26101140 DOI: 10.1002/elps.201500064] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/04/2015] [Revised: 06/10/2015] [Accepted: 06/16/2015] [Indexed: 11/08/2022]
Abstract
It has been shown that diverse strains of bacteria can be separated according to their characteristic surface properties by means of CE. We employed here this analytical technique to the study of colistin-resistance in Gram-negative bacteria, which involves the selection of mutants with modified outer membrane composition resulting in changes of surface cell properties. In the same way as with molecular entities, we performed firstly the validation of an ITP-based CE method for three common pathogenic Gram-negative bacteria namely Escherichia coli, Pseudomonas aeruginosa, and Klebsiella pneumoniae. Secondly, we compared the electrophoretic profiles of bacterial samples from a colistin-susceptible clinical isolate of K. pneumoniae and from the corresponding colistin-resistant derivative. By a simple CE run taking a few minutes, the coexistence of several bacterial subpopulations in the colistin-resistant derivative was clearly evidenced. This work encourages further research that would allow applications of CE in clinical laboratory for a daily monitoring of bacterial population in cared patients when "last-chance" colistin treatment is initiated against multidrug-resistant bacteria.
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Affiliation(s)
- Guillaume Sautrey
- CNRS, SRSMC, UMR 7565, Vandœuvre-lès-Nancy, France.,Faculté des Sciences et Technologies, Université de Lorraine, SRSMC, UMR 7565, Vandœuvre-lès-Nancy, France
| | - Raphaël E Duval
- CNRS, SRSMC, UMR 7565, Vandœuvre-lès-Nancy, France.,Faculté des Sciences et Technologies, Université de Lorraine, SRSMC, UMR 7565, Vandœuvre-lès-Nancy, France.,ABC Platform, Nancy, France
| | - Alicia Chevalley
- CNRS, SRSMC, UMR 7565, Vandœuvre-lès-Nancy, France.,Faculté des Sciences et Technologies, Université de Lorraine, SRSMC, UMR 7565, Vandœuvre-lès-Nancy, France
| | - Stéphane Fontanay
- CNRS, SRSMC, UMR 7565, Vandœuvre-lès-Nancy, France.,Faculté des Sciences et Technologies, Université de Lorraine, SRSMC, UMR 7565, Vandœuvre-lès-Nancy, France.,ABC Platform, Nancy, France
| | - Igor Clarot
- CNRS, SRSMC, UMR 7565, Vandœuvre-lès-Nancy, France.,Faculté des Sciences et Technologies, Université de Lorraine, SRSMC, UMR 7565, Vandœuvre-lès-Nancy, France
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303
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Yu Z, Cai Y, Qin W, Lin J, Qiu J. Polymyxin E Induces Rapid Paenibacillus polymyxa Death by Damaging Cell Membrane while Ca2+ Can Protect Cells from Damage. PLoS One 2015; 10:e0135198. [PMID: 26252512 PMCID: PMC4529208 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0135198] [Citation(s) in RCA: 20] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/08/2015] [Accepted: 07/18/2015] [Indexed: 11/18/2022] Open
Abstract
Polymyxin E, produced by Paenibacillus polymyxa, is an important antibiotic normally against Gram-negative pathogens. In this study, we found that polymyxin E can kill its producer P. polymyxa, a Gram-positive bacterium, by disrupting its cell membrane. Membrane damage was clearly revealed by detecting the leakage of intracellular molecules. The observation using scanning electron microscopy also supported that polymyxin E can destroy the cell membrane and cause an extensive cell surface alteration. On the other hand, divalent cations can give protection against polymyxin E. Compared with Mg2+, Ca2+ can more effectively alleviate polymyxin E-induced damage to the cell membrane, thus remarkably increasing the P. polymyxa survival. Our findings would shed light on a not yet described bactericidal mechanism of polymyxin E against Gram-positive bacteria and more importantly the nature of limited fermentation output of polymyxin E from P. polymyxa.
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Affiliation(s)
- Zhiliang Yu
- College of Biological and Environmental Engineering, Zhejiang University of Technology, Hangzhou, China
- * E-mail: (ZY); or (JQ)
| | - Yuanning Cai
- College of Biological and Environmental Engineering, Zhejiang University of Technology, Hangzhou, China
| | - Wangrong Qin
- College of Biological and Environmental Engineering, Zhejiang University of Technology, Hangzhou, China
| | - Jianxun Lin
- Department of Electrical Engineering, Columbia University, New York, United States of America
| | - Juanping Qiu
- College of Biological and Environmental Engineering, Zhejiang University of Technology, Hangzhou, China
- * E-mail: (ZY); or (JQ)
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304
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Patel S, Ahmed S, Eswari JS. Therapeutic cyclic lipopeptides mining from microbes: latest strides and hurdles. World J Microbiol Biotechnol 2015; 31:1177-93. [PMID: 26041368 DOI: 10.1007/s11274-015-1880-8] [Citation(s) in RCA: 34] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/28/2015] [Accepted: 05/31/2015] [Indexed: 12/23/2022]
Abstract
Infectious diseases impose serious public health burdens and often have devastating consequences. The cyclic lipopeptides elaborated by bacteria Bacillus, Paenibacillus, Pseudomonas, Streptomyces, Serratia, Propionibacterium and fungus Fusarium are very crucial in restraining the pathogens. Composed of a peptide and a fatty acyl moiety these amphiphilic metabolites exhibit broad spectrum antimicrobial effects. Among the plethora of cyclic lipopeptides, only selective few have emerged as robust antibiotics. For their functional vigor, polymyxin, daptomycin, surfactin, iturin, fengysin, paenibacterin and pseudofactin have been integrated in mainstream healthcare. Daptomycin has been a significant part of antimicrobial arsenal since the past decade. As the magnitude of drug resistance rises in unprecedented manner, the urgency of prospecting novel cyclic lipopeptides is being perceived. Intense research has revealed the implication of these bioactive compounds stretching beyond antibacterial and antifungal. Anticancer, immunomodulatory, prosthetic parts disinfection and vaccine adjuvancy are some of the validated prospects. This review discusses the emerging applications, mechanisms governing the biological actions, role of genomics in refining structure and function, semi-synthetic analog discovery, novel strain isolation, setbacks etc. Though its beyond the scope of the current topic, for holistic purpose, the role of lipopeptides in bioremediation and crop biotechnology has been briefly outlined. This updated critique is expected to galvanize innovations and diversify therapeutic recruitment of microbial lipopeptides.
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Affiliation(s)
- Seema Patel
- Bioinformatics and Medical Informatics Research Center, San Diego State University, San Diego, CA, 92182, USA,
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305
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Abdul Rahim N, Cheah SE, Johnson MD, Yu H, Sidjabat HE, Boyce J, Butler MS, Cooper MA, Fu J, Paterson DL, Nation RL, Bergen PJ, Velkov T, Li J. Synergistic killing of NDM-producing MDR Klebsiella pneumoniae by two 'old' antibiotics-polymyxin B and chloramphenicol. J Antimicrob Chemother 2015; 70:2589-97. [PMID: 26023209 DOI: 10.1093/jac/dkv135] [Citation(s) in RCA: 67] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/14/2015] [Accepted: 04/23/2015] [Indexed: 01/29/2023] Open
Abstract
OBJECTIVES Combination therapy is an important option in the fight against Gram-negative 'superbugs'. This study systematically investigated bacterial killing and the emergence of polymyxin resistance with polymyxin B and chloramphenicol combinations used against New Delhi metallo-β-lactamase (NDM)-producing MDR Klebsiella pneumoniae. METHODS Four NDM-producing K. pneumoniae strains were employed. The presence of genes conferring resistance to chloramphenicol was examined by PCR. Time-kill studies (inocula ∼10(6) cfu/mL) were conducted using various clinically achievable concentrations of each antibiotic (range: polymyxin B, 0.5-2 mg/L; chloramphenicol, 4-32 mg/L), with real-time population analysis profiles documented at baseline and 24 h. The microbiological response was examined using the log change method and pharmacodynamic modelling in conjunction with scanning electron microscopy (SEM). RESULTS Multiple genes coding for efflux pumps involved in chloramphenicol resistance were present in all strains. Polymyxin B monotherapy at all concentrations produced rapid bacterial killing followed by rapid regrowth with the emergence of polymyxin resistance; chloramphenicol monotherapy was largely ineffective. Combination therapy significantly delayed regrowth, with synergy observed in 25 out of 28 cases at both 6 and 24 h; at 24 h, no viable bacterial cells were detected in 15 out of 28 cases with various combinations across all strains. No polymyxin-resistant bacteria were detected with combination therapy. These results were supported by pharmacodynamic modelling. SEM revealed significant morphological changes following treatment with polymyxin B both alone and in combination. CONCLUSIONS The combination of polymyxin B and chloramphenicol used against NDM-producing MDR K. pneumoniae substantially enhanced bacterial killing and suppressed the emergence of polymyxin resistance.
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Affiliation(s)
- Nusaibah Abdul Rahim
- Drug Delivery, Disposition and Dynamics, Monash Institute of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Monash University, Melbourne, Victoria, Australia
| | - Soon-Ee Cheah
- Drug Delivery, Disposition and Dynamics, Monash Institute of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Monash University, Melbourne, Victoria, Australia
| | - Matthew D Johnson
- Drug Delivery, Disposition and Dynamics, Monash Institute of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Monash University, Melbourne, Victoria, Australia
| | - Heidi Yu
- Drug Delivery, Disposition and Dynamics, Monash Institute of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Monash University, Melbourne, Victoria, Australia
| | - Hanna E Sidjabat
- University of Queensland Centre for Clinical Research, Brisbane, Queensland, Australia
| | - John Boyce
- Department of Microbiology, Monash University, Melbourne, Victoria, Australia
| | - Mark S Butler
- Institute for Molecular Bioscience, The University of Queensland, Brisbane, Queensland, Australia
| | - Matthew A Cooper
- Institute for Molecular Bioscience, The University of Queensland, Brisbane, Queensland, Australia
| | - Jing Fu
- Department of Mechanical and Aerospace Engineering, Faculty of Engineering, Monash University, Clayton, Victoria, Australia
| | - David L Paterson
- University of Queensland Centre for Clinical Research, Brisbane, Queensland, Australia Pathology Queensland, Royal Brisbane and Women's Hospital Campus, Brisbane, Queensland, Australia
| | - Roger L Nation
- Drug Delivery, Disposition and Dynamics, Monash Institute of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Monash University, Melbourne, Victoria, Australia
| | - Phillip J Bergen
- Centre for Medicine Use and Safety, Monash University, Melbourne, Victoria, Australia
| | - Tony Velkov
- Drug Delivery, Disposition and Dynamics, Monash Institute of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Monash University, Melbourne, Victoria, Australia
| | - Jian Li
- Drug Delivery, Disposition and Dynamics, Monash Institute of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Monash University, Melbourne, Victoria, Australia
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306
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Formosa C, Herold M, Vidaillac C, Duval RE, Dague E. Unravelling of a mechanism of resistance to colistin inKlebsiella pneumoniaeusing atomic force microscopy. J Antimicrob Chemother 2015; 70:2261-70. [DOI: 10.1093/jac/dkv118] [Citation(s) in RCA: 43] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/08/2014] [Accepted: 04/08/2015] [Indexed: 11/13/2022] Open
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307
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Zhou QT, Leung SSY, Tang P, Parumasivam T, Loh ZH, Chan HK. Inhaled formulations and pulmonary drug delivery systems for respiratory infections. Adv Drug Deliv Rev 2015; 85:83-99. [PMID: 25451137 DOI: 10.1016/j.addr.2014.10.022] [Citation(s) in RCA: 161] [Impact Index Per Article: 17.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/27/2014] [Revised: 10/15/2014] [Accepted: 10/18/2014] [Indexed: 11/16/2022]
Abstract
Respiratory infections represent a major global health problem. They are often treated by parenteral administrations of antimicrobials. Unfortunately, systemic therapies of high-dose antimicrobials can lead to severe adverse effects and this calls for a need to develop inhaled formulations that enable targeted drug delivery to the airways with minimal systemic drug exposure. Recent technological advances facilitate the development of inhaled anti-microbial therapies. The newer mesh nebulisers have achieved minimal drug residue, higher aerosolisation efficiencies and rapid administration compared to traditional jet nebulisers. Novel particle engineering and intelligent device design also make dry powder inhalers appealing for the delivery of high-dose antibiotics. In view of the fact that no new antibiotic entities against multi-drug resistant bacteria have come close to commercialisation, advanced formulation strategies are in high demand for combating respiratory 'super bugs'.
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Affiliation(s)
- Qi Tony Zhou
- Advanced Drug Delivery Group, Faculty of Pharmacy, The University of Sydney, Sydney, NSW 2006, Australia
| | - Sharon Shui Yee Leung
- Advanced Drug Delivery Group, Faculty of Pharmacy, The University of Sydney, Sydney, NSW 2006, Australia
| | - Patricia Tang
- Advanced Drug Delivery Group, Faculty of Pharmacy, The University of Sydney, Sydney, NSW 2006, Australia
| | - Thaigarajan Parumasivam
- Advanced Drug Delivery Group, Faculty of Pharmacy, The University of Sydney, Sydney, NSW 2006, Australia
| | - Zhi Hui Loh
- GEA-NUS Pharmaceutical Processing Research Laboratory, Department of Pharmacy, National University of Singapore, 18 Science Drive 4, Singapore 117543, Singapore
| | - Hak-Kim Chan
- Advanced Drug Delivery Group, Faculty of Pharmacy, The University of Sydney, Sydney, NSW 2006, Australia.
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308
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Berglund NA, Piggot TJ, Jefferies D, Sessions RB, Bond PJ, Khalid S. Interaction of the antimicrobial peptide polymyxin B1 with both membranes of E. coli: a molecular dynamics study. PLoS Comput Biol 2015; 11:e1004180. [PMID: 25885324 PMCID: PMC4401565 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pcbi.1004180] [Citation(s) in RCA: 121] [Impact Index Per Article: 13.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/10/2014] [Accepted: 02/06/2015] [Indexed: 11/17/2022] Open
Abstract
Antimicrobial peptides are small, cationic proteins that can induce lysis of bacterial cells through interaction with their membranes. Different mechanisms for cell lysis have been proposed, but these models tend to neglect the role of the chemical composition of the membrane, which differs between bacterial species and can be heterogeneous even within a single cell. Moreover, the cell envelope of Gram-negative bacteria such as E. coli contains two membranes with differing compositions. To this end, we report the first molecular dynamics simulation study of the interaction of the antimicrobial peptide, polymyxin B1 with complex models of both the inner and outer membranes of E. coli. The results of >16 microseconds of simulation predict that polymyxin B1 is likely to interact with the membranes via distinct mechanisms. The lipopeptides aggregate in the lipopolysaccharide headgroup region of the outer membrane with limited tendency for insertion within the lipid A tails. In contrast, the lipopeptides readily insert into the inner membrane core, and the concomitant increased hydration may be responsible for bilayer destabilization and antimicrobial function. Given the urgent need to develop novel, potent antibiotics, the results presented here reveal key mechanistic details that may be exploited for future rational drug development.
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Affiliation(s)
- Nils A Berglund
- School of Chemistry, University of Southampton, Highfield, Southampton, United Kingdom; Bioinformatics Institute (A*STAR), Singapore
| | - Thomas J Piggot
- School of Chemistry, University of Southampton, Highfield, Southampton, United Kingdom
| | - Damien Jefferies
- School of Chemistry, University of Southampton, Highfield, Southampton, United Kingdom
| | | | - Peter J Bond
- Bioinformatics Institute (A*STAR), Singapore; Department of Biological Sciences, National University of Singapore, Singapore
| | - Syma Khalid
- School of Chemistry, University of Southampton, Highfield, Southampton, United Kingdom
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309
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Ma F, Rehman A, Sims M, Zeng X. Antimicrobial Susceptibility Assays Based on the Quantification of Bacterial Lipopolysaccharides via a Label Free Lectin Biosensor. Anal Chem 2015; 87:4385-93. [DOI: 10.1021/acs.analchem.5b00165] [Citation(s) in RCA: 25] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/29/2023]
Affiliation(s)
- Fen Ma
- Department
of Chemistry, Oakland University, Rochester, Michigan 48309, United States
| | - Abdul Rehman
- Department
of Chemistry, Oakland University, Rochester, Michigan 48309, United States
| | - Matthew Sims
- William Beaumont Hospital, Royal Oak, Michigan 48073, United States
- William
Beaumont School of Medicine, Oakland University, Rochester, Michigan 48309, United States
| | - Xiangqun Zeng
- Department
of Chemistry, Oakland University, Rochester, Michigan 48309, United States
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310
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Autophagy regulates colistin-induced apoptosis in PC-12 cells. Antimicrob Agents Chemother 2015; 59:2189-97. [PMID: 25645826 DOI: 10.1128/aac.04092-14] [Citation(s) in RCA: 26] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/14/2022] Open
Abstract
Colistin is a cyclic cationic polypeptide antibiotic with activity against multidrug-resistant Gram-negative bacteria. Our recent study demonstrated that colistin induces apoptosis in primary chick cortex neurons and PC-12 cells. Although apoptosis and autophagy have different impacts on cell fate, there is a complex interaction between them. Autophagy plays an important role as a homeostasis regulator by removing excessive or unnecessary proteins and damaged organelles. The aim of the present study was to investigate the modulation of autophagy and apoptosis regulation in PC-12 cells in response to colistin treatment. PC-12 cells were exposed to colistin (125 to 250 μg/ml), and autophagy was detected by visualization of monodansylcadaverine (MDC)-labeled vacuoles, LC3 (microtubule-associated protein 1 light chain 3) immunofluorescence microscopic examination, and Western blotting. Apoptosis was measured by flow cytometry, Hoechst 33258 staining, and Western blotting. Autophagosomes were observed after treatment with colistin for 12 h, and the levels of LC3-II gene expression were determined; observation and protein levels both indicated that colistin induced a high level of autophagy. Colistin treatment also led to apoptosis in PC-12 cells, and the level of caspase-3 expression increased over the 24-h period. Pretreatment of cells with 3-methyladenine (3-MA) increased colistin toxicity in PC-12 cells remarkably. However, rapamycin treatment significantly increased the expression levels of LC3-II and beclin 1 and decreased the rate of apoptosis of PC-12 cells. Our results demonstrate that colistin induced autophagy and apoptosis in PC-12 cells and that the latter was affected by the regulation of autophagy. It is very likely that autophagy plays a protective role in the reduction of colistin-induced cytotoxicity in neurons.
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311
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Nation RL, Li J, Cars O, Couet W, Dudley MN, Kaye KS, Mouton JW, Paterson DL, Tam VH, Theuretzbacher U, Tsuji BT, Turnidge JD. Framework for optimisation of the clinical use of colistin and polymyxin B: the Prato polymyxin consensus. THE LANCET. INFECTIOUS DISEASES 2015; 15:225-34. [DOI: 10.1016/s1473-3099(14)70850-3] [Citation(s) in RCA: 228] [Impact Index Per Article: 25.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/06/2023]
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312
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Qureshi ZA, Hittle LE, O'Hara JA, Rivera JI, Syed A, Shields RK, Pasculle AW, Ernst RK, Doi Y. Colistin-resistant Acinetobacter baumannii: beyond carbapenem resistance. Clin Infect Dis 2015; 60:1295-303. [PMID: 25632010 DOI: 10.1093/cid/civ048] [Citation(s) in RCA: 270] [Impact Index Per Article: 30.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/01/2014] [Accepted: 11/07/2014] [Indexed: 12/11/2022] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND With an increase in the use of colistin methansulfonate (CMS) to treat carbapenem-resistant Acinetobacter baumannii infections, colistin resistance is emerging. METHODS Patients with infection or colonization due to colistin-resistant A. baumannii were identified at a hospital system in Pennsylvania. Clinical data were collected from electronic medical records. Susceptibility testing, pulsed-field gel electrophoresis (PFGE), and multilocus sequence typing (MLST) were performed. To investigate the mechanism of colistin resistance, lipid A was subjected to matrix-assisted laser desorption/ionization mass spectrometry. RESULTS Twenty patients with colistin-resistant A. baumannii were identified. Ventilator-associated pneumonia was the most common type of infection. Nineteen patients had received intravenous and/or inhaled CMS for treatment of carbapenem-resistant, colistin-susceptible A. baumannii infection prior to identification of colistin-resistant isolates. The 30-day all-cause mortality rate was 30%. The treatment regimen for colistin-resistant A. baumannii infection associated with the lowest mortality rate was a combination of CMS, a carbapenem, and ampicillin-sulbactam. The colistin-susceptible and -resistant isolates from the same patients were highly related by PFGE, but isolates from different patients were not, suggesting evolution of resistance during CMS therapy. By MLST, all isolates belonged to the international clone II, the lineage that is epidemic worldwide. Phosphoethanolamine modification of lipid A was present in all colistin-resistant A. baumannii isolates. CONCLUSIONS Colistin-resistant A. baumannii occurred almost exclusively among patients who had received CMS for treatment of carbapenem-resistant, colistin-susceptible A. baumannii infection. Lipid A modification by the addition of phosphoethanolamine accounted for colistin resistance. Susceptibility testing for colistin should be considered for A. baumannii identified from CMS-experienced patients.
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Affiliation(s)
- Zubair A Qureshi
- Division of Infectious Diseases, University of Pittsburgh School of Medicine, Pennsylvania
| | - Lauren E Hittle
- Department of Microbial Pathogenesis, School of Dentistry, University of Maryland, Baltimore
| | - Jessica A O'Hara
- Division of Infectious Diseases, University of Pittsburgh School of Medicine, Pennsylvania
| | - Jesabel I Rivera
- Division of Infectious Diseases, University of Pittsburgh School of Medicine, Pennsylvania
| | - Alveena Syed
- Division of Infectious Diseases, University of Pittsburgh School of Medicine, Pennsylvania
| | - Ryan K Shields
- Division of Infectious Diseases, University of Pittsburgh School of Medicine, Pennsylvania
| | - Anthony W Pasculle
- Clinical Microbiology Laboratory, University of Pittsburgh Medical Center, Pennsylvania
| | - Robert K Ernst
- Department of Microbial Pathogenesis, School of Dentistry, University of Maryland, Baltimore
| | - Yohei Doi
- Division of Infectious Diseases, University of Pittsburgh School of Medicine, Pennsylvania
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313
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Pogue JM, Cohen DA, Marchaim D. Editorial commentary: Polymyxin-resistant Acinetobacter baumannii: urgent action needed. Clin Infect Dis 2015; 60:1304-7. [PMID: 25632011 PMCID: PMC4392843 DOI: 10.1093/cid/civ044] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/28/2014] [Accepted: 01/02/2015] [Indexed: 11/14/2022] Open
Affiliation(s)
- Jason M Pogue
- Department of Pharmacy Services, Sinai-Grace Hospital, Detroit Medical Center, Wayne State University School of Medicine, Michigan
| | - David A Cohen
- Unit of Infectious Diseases, Assaf Harofeh Medical Center, Zerifin
| | - Dror Marchaim
- Unit of Infectious Diseases, Assaf Harofeh Medical Center, Zerifin Sackler School of Medicine, Tel-Aviv University, Israel
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314
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Tambadou F, Caradec T, Gagez AL, Bonnet A, Sopéna V, Bridiau N, Thiéry V, Didelot S, Barthélémy C, Chevrot R. Characterization of the colistin (polymyxin E1 and E2) biosynthetic gene cluster. Arch Microbiol 2015; 197:521-32. [PMID: 25609230 DOI: 10.1007/s00203-015-1084-5] [Citation(s) in RCA: 28] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/12/2014] [Revised: 01/08/2015] [Accepted: 01/13/2015] [Indexed: 10/24/2022]
Abstract
Colistin is a mixture of polymyxin E1 and E2, bactericidal pentacationic lipopeptides used to treat infections caused by Gram-negative pathogens such as Pseudomonas aeruginosa and Klebsiella pneumoniae. Industrial production of colistin is obtained by a fermentation process of the natural producer Paenibacillus polymyxa var colistinus. NonRibosomal peptide synthetases (NRPS) coding the biosynthesis of polymyxins A, B and P have been recently described, rendering thereof the improvement of their production possible. However, the colistin biosynthesis pathway was not published so far. In this study, a Paenibacillus alvei has been identified by biochemical (Api 50 CH system) and molecular (16S rDNA sequencing) methods. Its culture supernatant displayed inhibitory activity against Gram-negative bacteria (P. aeruginosa, K. pneumoniae, Salmonella spp.). Two polymyxins, E1 and E2, were recovered from the supernatant and were characterized by high resolution LC-MS. A genomic library (960 clones) was constructed to identify the gene cluster responsible for biosynthesis of polymyxins. Selection of the clones harbouring the sequences of interest was obtained by a simple PCR-based screening. We used primers targeting NRPS sequences leading to the incorporation of amino acids present in polymyxins E. The sequences from three clones of interest were assembled on 50.4 kb. Thus, five open reading frames corresponding to a new NRPS gene cluster of 41 kb were identified. In silico, analyses revealed the presence of three NRPS implicated in the biosynthesis of polymyxins E. This work provides insightful information on colistin biosynthesis and might contribute to future drug developments in this group of antibiotics.
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Affiliation(s)
- Fatoumata Tambadou
- Laboratoire Littoral Environnement et Sociétés, LIENSs - UMR 7266 - CNRS, Université de La Rochelle, Avenue Michel Crépeau, 17042, La Rochelle Cedex 1, France
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315
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Azad MAK, Roberts KD, Yu HH, Liu B, Schofield AV, James SA, Howard DL, Nation RL, Rogers K, de Jonge MD, Thompson PE, Fu J, Velkov T, Li J. Significant accumulation of polymyxin in single renal tubular cells: a medicinal chemistry and triple correlative microscopy approach. Anal Chem 2015; 87:1590-5. [PMID: 25553489 PMCID: PMC4318625 DOI: 10.1021/ac504516k] [Citation(s) in RCA: 43] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/03/2023]
Abstract
![]()
Polymyxin is the last-line therapy
against Gram-negative ‘superbugs’;
however, dose-limiting nephrotoxicity can occur in up to 60% of patients
after intravenous administration. Understanding the accumulation and
concentration of polymyxin within renal tubular cells is essential
for the development of novel strategies to ameliorate its nephrotoxicity
and to develop safer, new polymyxins. We designed and synthesized
a novel dual-modality iodine-labeled fluorescent probe for quantitative
mapping of polymyxin in kidney proximal tubular cells. Measured by
synchrotron X-ray fluorescence microscopy, polymyxin concentrations
in single rat (NRK-52E) and human (HK-2) kidney tubular cells were
approximately 1930- to 4760-fold higher than extracellular concentrations.
Our study is the first to quantitatively measure the significant uptake
of polymyxin in renal tubular cells and provides crucial information
for the understanding of polymyxin-induced nephrotoxicity. Importantly,
our approach represents a significant methodological advancement in
determination of drug uptake for single-cell pharmacology.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mohammad A K Azad
- Drug Delivery, Disposition and Dynamics, and ‡Medicinal Chemistry, Monash Institute of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Monash University , Parkville, Victoria 3052, Australia
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316
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Antibacterial mechanisms of polymyxin and bacterial resistance. BIOMED RESEARCH INTERNATIONAL 2015; 2015:679109. [PMID: 25664322 PMCID: PMC4312571 DOI: 10.1155/2015/679109] [Citation(s) in RCA: 142] [Impact Index Per Article: 15.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/29/2014] [Accepted: 11/10/2014] [Indexed: 11/18/2022]
Abstract
Multidrug resistance in pathogens is an increasingly significant threat for human health. Indeed, some strains are resistant to almost all currently available antibiotics, leaving very limited choices for antimicrobial clinical therapy. In many such cases, polymyxins are the last option available, although their use increases the risk of developing resistant strains. This review mainly aims to discuss advances in unraveling the mechanisms of antibacterial activity of polymyxins and bacterial tolerance together with the description of polymyxin structure, synthesis, and structural modification. These are expected to help researchers not only develop a series of new polymyxin derivatives necessary for future medical care, but also optimize the clinical use of polymyxins with minimal resistance development.
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317
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Forde E, Devocelle M. Pro-moieties of antimicrobial peptide prodrugs. Molecules 2015; 20:1210-27. [PMID: 25591121 PMCID: PMC6272668 DOI: 10.3390/molecules20011210] [Citation(s) in RCA: 37] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/18/2014] [Accepted: 01/08/2015] [Indexed: 01/18/2023] Open
Abstract
Antimicrobial peptides (AMPs) are a promising class of antimicrobial agents that have been garnering increasing attention as resistance renders many conventional antibiotics ineffective. Extensive research has resulted in a large library of highly-active AMPs. However, several issues serve as an impediment to their clinical development, not least the issue of host toxicity. An approach that may allow otherwise cytotoxic AMPs to be used is to deliver them as a prodrug, targeting antimicrobial activity and limiting toxic effects on the host. The varied library of AMPs is complemented by a selection of different possible pro-moieties, each with their own characteristics. This review deals with the different pro-moieties that have been used with AMPs and discusses the merits of each.
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Affiliation(s)
- Eanna Forde
- Department of Clinical Microbiology, Royal College of Surgeons in Ireland, Dublin 9, Ireland.
| | - Marc Devocelle
- Centre for Synthesis and Chemical Biology, Department of Pharmaceutical and Medicinal Chemistry, Royal College of Surgeons in Ireland, 123 St. Stephen's Green, Dublin 2, Ireland.
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318
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Fleurbaaij F, van Leeuwen HC, Klychnikov OI, Kuijper EJ, Hensbergen PJ. Mass Spectrometry in Clinical Microbiology and Infectious Diseases. Chromatographia 2015. [DOI: 10.1007/s10337-014-2839-x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/23/2022]
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319
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Claeys KC, Fiorvento AD, Rybak MJ. A Review of Novel Combinations of Colistin and Lipopeptide or Glycopeptide Antibiotics for the Treatment of Multidrug-Resistant Acinetobacter baumannii. Infect Dis Ther 2014; 3:69-81. [PMID: 25475412 PMCID: PMC4269621 DOI: 10.1007/s40121-014-0051-9] [Citation(s) in RCA: 20] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/06/2014] [Indexed: 11/22/2022] Open
Abstract
As antibiotic resistance continues to increase among Gram-negative organisms such as Acinetobacter baumannii there is a growing need for novel therapies to overcome these resistance mechanisms. Antibiotics active against multidrug-resistant A. baumannii (MDRAB) are few, and agents in development are primarily active against other multidrug-resistant Gram-negative organisms. The combinations of colistin and antimicrobials such as glycopeptides and lipopeptides are unique potential treatment modalities against MDRAB. For both lipopeptides and glycopeptides in vitro data have demonstrated significant synergy, resulting in rapid bactericidal activity in time-kill curves. Several invertebrate in vivo models have also demonstrated increased survival compared to colistin alone. Currently, very little clinical data have focused on using these combinations for infections caused exclusively by multidrug-resistant Gram-negatives. The combination of vancomycin and colistin has been studied with conflicting results regarding both improved outcomes and risk of nephrotoxicity. Although in vitro and in vivo models have proved promising, further investigation is required to provide clinical data necessary to support the use of these combinations. The objective of this review is to summarize literature currently available for the novel combination of lipopeptides or glycopeptides with colistin for the treatment of A. baumannii, in particular MDRAB.
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Affiliation(s)
- Kimberly C Claeys
- Anti-Infective Research Laboratory, Eugene Applebaum College of Pharmacy and Health Sciences, Wayne State University, Detroit, MI, 48201, USA.,Department of Pharmacy Practice, Eugene Applebaum College of Pharmacy and Health Sciences, Wayne State University, Detroit, MI, 48201, USA
| | - Anna D Fiorvento
- Detroit Receiving Hospital, Detroit Medical Center, 4201 St Antoine St, Detroit, MI, 48201, USA
| | - Michael J Rybak
- Anti-Infective Research Laboratory, Eugene Applebaum College of Pharmacy and Health Sciences, Wayne State University, Detroit, MI, 48201, USA. .,Department of Pharmacy Practice, Eugene Applebaum College of Pharmacy and Health Sciences, Wayne State University, Detroit, MI, 48201, USA.
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320
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Brown P, Dawson MJ. A perspective on the next generation of antibacterial agents derived by manipulation of natural products. PROGRESS IN MEDICINAL CHEMISTRY 2014; 54:135-84. [PMID: 25727704 DOI: 10.1016/bs.pmch.2014.10.001] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/01/2023]
Abstract
Natural products have been a major source of anti-infective drugs for many decades. With urgent need for new antibacterial agents to combat drug-resistant bacteria, the investigation of both new and existing classes of natural products has once again become an important focus. In this review, we highlight how a medicinal chemistry/semi-synthetic approach to natural product manipulation continues to offer a valuable strategy to overcome limitations in current therapy. Approaches to address toxicity and to improve the solubility, bioavailability and the spectrum of activity are demonstrated. Examples are drawn from aminoglycosides, glycopeptides, tetracyclines, macrolides, thiazolyl peptides, pleuromutilins and polymyxins and are taken from the current literature, patents and abstracts of symposia. In many cases, this approach has led to drug candidates currently in late stages of clinical development.
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Affiliation(s)
- Pamela Brown
- Cantab Anti-infectives, Welwyn Garden City, Hertfordshire, United Kingdom
| | - Michael J Dawson
- Cantab Anti-infectives, Welwyn Garden City, Hertfordshire, United Kingdom
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321
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Lycopene attenuates colistin-induced nephrotoxicity in mice via activation of the Nrf2/HO-1 pathway. Antimicrob Agents Chemother 2014; 59:579-85. [PMID: 25385104 DOI: 10.1128/aac.03925-14] [Citation(s) in RCA: 78] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/07/2023] Open
Abstract
Nephrotoxicity is the major dose-limiting factor for the clinical use of colistin against multidrug-resistant (MDR) Gram-negative bacteria. This study aimed to investigate the protective effect of lycopene on colistin-induced nephrotoxicity in a mouse model. Fifty mice were randomly divided into 5 groups: the control group (saline solution), the lycopene group (20 mg/kg of body weight/day administered orally), the colistin group (15 mg/kg/day administered intravenously), the colistin (15 mg/kg/day) plus lycopene (5 mg/kg/day) group, and the colistin (15 mg/kg/day) plus lycopene (20 mg/kg/day) group; all mice were treated for 7 days. At 12 h after the last dose, blood was collected for measurements of blood urea nitrogen (BUN) and serum creatinine levels. The kidney tissue samples were obtained for examination of biomarkers of oxidative stress and apoptosis, histopathological assessment, and quantitative reverse transcription-PCR (qRT-PCR) analysis. Colistin treatment significantly increased concentrations of BUN and serum creatinine, tubular apoptosis/necrosis, lipid peroxidation, and heme oxygenase 1 (HO-1) activity, while the treatment decreased the levels of endogenous antioxidant biomarkers glutathione (GSH), catalase (CAT), and superoxide dismutase (SOD). Notably, the changes in the levels of all biomarkers were attenuated in the kidneys of mice treated with colistin by lycopene (5 or 20 mg/kg). Lycopene treatment, especially in the colistin plus lycopene (20 mg/kg) group, significantly downregulated the expression of NF-κB mRNA (P < 0.01) but upregulated the expression of nuclear factor erythroid 2-related factor 2 (Nrf2) and HO-1 mRNA (both P < 0.01) in the kidney compared with the results seen with the colistin group. Our data demonstrated that coadministration of 20 mg/kg/day lycopene can protect against colistin-induced nephrotoxicity in mice. This effect may be attributed to the antioxidative property of lycopene and its ability to activate the Nrf2/HO-1 pathway.
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322
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Yun B, Azad MAK, Wang J, Nation RL, Thompson PE, Roberts KD, Velkov T, Li J. Imaging the distribution of polymyxins in the kidney. J Antimicrob Chemother 2014; 70:827-9. [PMID: 25377569 DOI: 10.1093/jac/dku441] [Citation(s) in RCA: 51] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/27/2022] Open
Abstract
OBJECTIVES Dose-limiting nephrotoxicity remains the Achilles' heel of polymyxin B and polymyxin E (also known as colistin), which are important last-line antibiotics used against infections caused by MDR Gram-negative 'superbugs'. An understanding of the mechanisms of nephrotoxicity, including renal tissue distribution, is crucial for the development of safer polymyxin lipopeptide antibiotics. This is the first study to visualize the kidney distribution of polymyxin B using a mouse nephrotoxicity model and in situ immunostaining of kidney sections. METHODS Polymyxin B nephrotoxicity in mice was induced over the course of 3 days (accumulated intravenous dose 175 mg/kg) and kidneys were harvested and frozen sectioned. The sections were fixed in cold acetone, dried and treated with 1% hydrogen peroxide. Endogenous mouse immunoglobulins were blocked and the tissue sections were treated with anti-polymyxin B mouse IgM antibody. The sections were incubated with a biotinylated anti-mouse secondary antibody conjugate followed by an Alexa Fluor 647-streptavidin conjugate. Polymyxin B distribution in the kidney sections was then visualized using a fluorescence scanning microscope. Kidney sections were also subjected to haematoxylin and eosin staining to assess pathological damage from the polymyxin-induced nephrotoxicity. RESULTS Immunostaining of kidney sections from a mouse with polymyxin B-induced nephrotoxicity revealed that polymyxin B distributed predominantly within the renal cortex. More specifically, polymyxin B accumulated within the proximal tubular cells. CONCLUSIONS The observed accumulation of polymyxin B within proximal tubular cells is consistent with the extensive renal reabsorption of polymyxins and the likely cause of the associated nephrotoxicity.
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Affiliation(s)
- Bo Yun
- Drug Delivery, Disposition and Dynamics, Monash Institute of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Monash University, Melbourne, Victoria, Australia Medicinal Chemistry, Monash Institute of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Monash University, Melbourne, Victoria, Australia
| | - Mohammad A K Azad
- Drug Delivery, Disposition and Dynamics, Monash Institute of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Monash University, Melbourne, Victoria, Australia
| | - Jiping Wang
- Drug Delivery, Disposition and Dynamics, Monash Institute of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Monash University, Melbourne, Victoria, Australia
| | - Roger L Nation
- Drug Delivery, Disposition and Dynamics, Monash Institute of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Monash University, Melbourne, Victoria, Australia
| | - Philip E Thompson
- Medicinal Chemistry, Monash Institute of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Monash University, Melbourne, Victoria, Australia
| | - Kade D Roberts
- Drug Delivery, Disposition and Dynamics, Monash Institute of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Monash University, Melbourne, Victoria, Australia Medicinal Chemistry, Monash Institute of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Monash University, Melbourne, Victoria, Australia
| | - Tony Velkov
- Drug Delivery, Disposition and Dynamics, Monash Institute of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Monash University, Melbourne, Victoria, Australia
| | - Jian Li
- Drug Delivery, Disposition and Dynamics, Monash Institute of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Monash University, Melbourne, Victoria, Australia
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323
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Carmona-Ribeiro AM, de Melo Carrasco LD. Novel formulations for antimicrobial peptides. Int J Mol Sci 2014; 15:18040-83. [PMID: 25302615 PMCID: PMC4227203 DOI: 10.3390/ijms151018040] [Citation(s) in RCA: 88] [Impact Index Per Article: 8.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/29/2014] [Revised: 08/30/2014] [Accepted: 09/16/2014] [Indexed: 12/22/2022] Open
Abstract
Peptides in general hold much promise as a major ingredient in novel supramolecular assemblies. They may become essential in vaccine design, antimicrobial chemotherapy, cancer immunotherapy, food preservation, organs transplants, design of novel materials for dentistry, formulations against diabetes and other important strategical applications. This review discusses how novel formulations may improve the therapeutic index of antimicrobial peptides by protecting their activity and improving their bioavailability. The diversity of novel formulations using lipids, liposomes, nanoparticles, polymers, micelles, etc., within the limits of nanotechnology may also provide novel applications going beyond antimicrobial chemotherapy.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ana Maria Carmona-Ribeiro
- Biocolloids Laboratory, Instituto de Química, Universidade de São Paulo, Av. Lineu Prestes 748, 05508-000 São Paulo, SP, Brazil.
| | - Letícia Dias de Melo Carrasco
- Biocolloids Laboratory, Instituto de Química, Universidade de São Paulo, Av. Lineu Prestes 748, 05508-000 São Paulo, SP, Brazil.
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324
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Liposomal antibiotic formulations for targeting the lungs in the treatment of Pseudomonas aeruginosa. Ther Deliv 2014; 5:409-27. [PMID: 24856168 DOI: 10.4155/tde.14.13] [Citation(s) in RCA: 16] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/25/2023] Open
Abstract
Pseudomonas aeruginosa is a Gram-negative bacterium that causes serious lung infections in cystic fibrosis, non-cystic fibrosis bronchiectasis, immunocompromised, and mechanically ventilated patients. The arsenal of conventional antipseudomonal antibiotic drugs include the extended-spectrum penicillins, cephalosporins, carbapenems, monobactams, polymyxins, fluoroquinolones, and aminoglycosides but their toxicity and/or increasing antibiotic resistance are of particular concern. Improvement of existing therapies against Pseudomonas aeruginosa infections involves the use of liposomes - artificial phospholipid vesicles that are biocompatible, biodegradable, and nontoxic and able to entrap and carry hydrophilic, hydrophobic, and amphiphilic molecules to the site of action. The goal of developing liposomal antibiotic formulations is to improve their therapeutic efficacy by reducing drug toxicity and/or by enhancing the delivery and retention of antibiotics at the site of infection. The focus of this review is to appraise the current progress of the development and application of liposomal antibiotic delivery systems for the treatment pulmonary infections caused by P. aeruginosa.
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325
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New amphiphilic neamine derivatives active against resistant Pseudomonas aeruginosa and their interactions with lipopolysaccharides. Antimicrob Agents Chemother 2014; 58:4420-30. [PMID: 24867965 DOI: 10.1128/aac.02536-13] [Citation(s) in RCA: 46] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/06/2023] Open
Abstract
The development of novel antimicrobial agents is urgently required to curb the widespread emergence of multidrug-resistant bacteria like colistin-resistant Pseudomonas aeruginosa. We previously synthesized a series of amphiphilic neamine derivatives active against bacterial membranes, among which 3',6-di-O-[(2"-naphthyl)propyl]neamine (3',6-di2NP), 3',6-di-O-[(2"-naphthyl)butyl]neamine (3',6-di2NB), and 3',6-di-O-nonylneamine (3',6-diNn) showed high levels of activity and low levels of cytotoxicity (L. Zimmermann et al., J. Med. Chem. 56:7691-7705, 2013). We have now further characterized the activity of these derivatives against colistin-resistant P. aeruginosa and studied their mode of action; specifically, we characterized their ability to interact with lipopolysaccharide (LPS) and to alter the bacterial outer membrane (OM). The three amphiphilic neamine derivatives were active against clinical colistin-resistant strains (MICs, about 2 to 8 μg/ml), The most active one (3',6-diNn) was bactericidal at its MIC and inhibited biofilm formation at 2-fold its MIC. They cooperatively bound to LPSs, increasing the outer membrane permeability. Grafting long and linear alkyl chains (nonyl) optimized binding to LPS and outer membrane permeabilization. The effects of amphiphilic neamine derivatives on LPS micelles suggest changes in the cross-bridging of lipopolysaccharides and disordering in the hydrophobic core of the micelles. The molecular shape of the 3',6-dialkyl neamine derivatives induced by the nature of the grafted hydrophobic moieties (naphthylalkyl instead of alkyl) and the flexibility of the hydrophobic moiety are critical for their fluidifying effect and their ability to displace cations bridging LPS. Results from this work could be exploited for the development of new amphiphilic neamine derivatives active against colistin-resistant P. aeruginosa.
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326
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Velkov T, Roberts KD, Nation RL, Wang J, Thompson PE, Li J. Teaching 'old' polymyxins new tricks: new-generation lipopeptides targeting gram-negative 'superbugs'. ACS Chem Biol 2014; 9:1172-7. [PMID: 24601489 PMCID: PMC4033650 DOI: 10.1021/cb500080r] [Citation(s) in RCA: 106] [Impact Index Per Article: 10.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/08/2023]
Abstract
![]()
The antimicrobial lipopeptides polymyxin
B and E (colistin) are
being used as a ‘last-line’ therapy for infections caused
by multidrug-resistant Gram-negative pathogens. Polymyxin resistance
implies a total lack of antibiotics for the treatment of life-threatening
infections caused by the Gram-negative ‘superbugs’.
This report details the structure–activity relationships (SAR)
based design, in toto synthesis, and preclinical
evaluation of a series of novel polymyxin lipopeptides with better
antibacterial activity against polymyxin-resistant Gram-negative bacteria.
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Affiliation(s)
- Tony Velkov
- Drug Delivery, Disposition and Dynamics, ‡Medicinal Chemistry, Monash Institute
of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Monash University, 381 Royal Parade, Parkville 3052, Victoria, Australia
| | - Kade D. Roberts
- Drug Delivery, Disposition and Dynamics, ‡Medicinal Chemistry, Monash Institute
of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Monash University, 381 Royal Parade, Parkville 3052, Victoria, Australia
| | - Roger L. Nation
- Drug Delivery, Disposition and Dynamics, ‡Medicinal Chemistry, Monash Institute
of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Monash University, 381 Royal Parade, Parkville 3052, Victoria, Australia
| | - Jiping Wang
- Drug Delivery, Disposition and Dynamics, ‡Medicinal Chemistry, Monash Institute
of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Monash University, 381 Royal Parade, Parkville 3052, Victoria, Australia
| | - Philip E. Thompson
- Drug Delivery, Disposition and Dynamics, ‡Medicinal Chemistry, Monash Institute
of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Monash University, 381 Royal Parade, Parkville 3052, Victoria, Australia
| | - Jian Li
- Drug Delivery, Disposition and Dynamics, ‡Medicinal Chemistry, Monash Institute
of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Monash University, 381 Royal Parade, Parkville 3052, Victoria, Australia
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327
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Borisova M, Gisin J, Mayer C. Blocking peptidoglycan recycling in Pseudomonas aeruginosa attenuates intrinsic resistance to fosfomycin. Microb Drug Resist 2014; 20:231-7. [PMID: 24819062 DOI: 10.1089/mdr.2014.0036] [Citation(s) in RCA: 54] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/08/2023] Open
Abstract
Gram-negative bacteria recycle as much as half of their cell wall per generation. Here we show that interference with cell wall recycling in Pseudomonas aeruginosa strains results in four- to eight-fold increased susceptibility to the antibiotic fosfomycin, pushing the minimal inhibitory concentration for strains PA14 and PA01 to therapeutically appropriate values of 2-4 and 8-16 mg/L, respectively. A newly discovered metabolic pathway that connects cell wall recycling with peptidoglycan de novo biosynthesis is responsible for the high intrinsic resistance of P. aeruginosa to fosfomycin. The pathway comprises an anomeric cell wall amino sugar kinase (AmgK) and an uridylyl transferase (MurU), which together convert N-acetylmuramic acid (MurNAc) through MurNAc α-1-phosphate to uridine diphosphate (UDP)-MurNAc, thereby bypassing the fosfomycin-sensitive de novo synthesis of UDP-MurNAc. Thus, inhibition of peptidoglycan recycling can be applied as a new strategy for the combinatory therapy against multidrug-resistant P. aeruginosa strains.
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Affiliation(s)
- Marina Borisova
- Department of Biology, Interfaculty Institute of Microbiology and Infection Medicine Tübingen, University of Tübingen , Tübingen, Germany
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328
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Nation RL, Velkov T, Li J. Colistin and polymyxin B: peas in a pod, or chalk and cheese? Clin Infect Dis 2014; 59:88-94. [PMID: 24700659 DOI: 10.1093/cid/ciu213] [Citation(s) in RCA: 212] [Impact Index Per Article: 21.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/13/2022] Open
Abstract
Colistin and polymyxin B have indistinguishable microbiological activity in vitro, but they differ in the form administered parenterally to patients. Polymyxin B is administered directly as the active antibiotic, whereas colistin is administered as the inactive prodrug, colistin methanesulfonate (CMS). CMS must be converted to colistin in vivo, but this occurs slowly and incompletely. Here we summarize the key differences between parenteral CMS/colistin and polymyxin B, and highlight the clinical implications. We put forth the view that overall polymyxin B has superior clinical pharmacological properties compared with CMS/colistin. We propose that in countries such as the United States where parenteral products of both colistin and polymyxin B are available, prospective studies should be conducted to formally examine their relative efficacy and safety in various types of infections and patients. In the meantime, where clinicians have access to both polymyxins, they should carefully consider the relative merits of each in a given circumstance.
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Affiliation(s)
- Roger L Nation
- Drug Delivery, Disposition, and Dynamics, Monash Institute of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Monash University, Melbourne, Australia
| | - Tony Velkov
- Drug Delivery, Disposition, and Dynamics, Monash Institute of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Monash University, Melbourne, Australia
| | - Jian Li
- Drug Delivery, Disposition, and Dynamics, Monash Institute of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Monash University, Melbourne, Australia
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329
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Deris ZZ, Swarbrick JD, Roberts KD, Azad MAK, Akter J, Horne AS, Nation RL, Rogers KL, Thompson PE, Velkov T, Li J. Probing the penetration of antimicrobial polymyxin lipopeptides into gram-negative bacteria. Bioconjug Chem 2014; 25:750-60. [PMID: 24635310 PMCID: PMC3993906 DOI: 10.1021/bc500094d] [Citation(s) in RCA: 88] [Impact Index Per Article: 8.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/25/2022]
Abstract
![]()
The dry antibiotic development pipeline
coupled with the emergence
of multidrug resistant Gram-negative ‘superbugs’ has
driven the revival of the polymyxin lipopeptide antibiotics. Polymyxin
resistance implies a total lack of antibiotics for the treatment of
life-threatening infections. The lack of molecular imaging probes
that possess native polymyxin-like antibacterial activity is a barrier
to understanding the resistance mechanisms and the development of
a new generation of polymyxin lipopeptides. Here we report the regioselective
modification of the polymyxin B core scaffold at the N-terminus with the dansyl fluorophore to generate an active probe
that mimics polymyxin B pharmacologically. Time-lapse laser scanning
confocal microscopy imaging of the penetration of probe (1) into Gram-negative bacterial cells revealed that the probe initially
accumulates in the outer membrane and subsequently penetrates into
the inner membrane and finally the cytoplasm. The implementation of
this polymyxin-mimetic probe will advance the development of platforms
for the discovery of novel polymyxin lipopeptides with efficacy against
polymyxin-resistant strains.
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Affiliation(s)
- Zakuan Z Deris
- Drug Delivery, Disposition and Dynamics and §Department of Medicinal Chemistry, Monash Institute of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Monash University , Melbourne, Victoria 3800, Australia
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330
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Theuretzbacher U. Product information for parenteral colistin varies substantially across Europe. J Antimicrob Chemother 2014; 69:1987-92. [DOI: 10.1093/jac/dku064] [Citation(s) in RCA: 16] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/18/2022] Open
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331
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Colistimethate Sodium Dry Powder for Inhalation: A Review of Its Use in the Treatment of Chronic Pseudomonas aeruginosa Infection in Patients with Cystic Fibrosis. Drugs 2014; 74:377-87. [DOI: 10.1007/s40265-014-0181-0] [Citation(s) in RCA: 30] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/24/2022]
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332
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Choi YH. Treatment of drug resistant bacteria: new bugs, old drugs, and new therapeutic approaches. JOURNAL OF THE KOREAN MEDICAL ASSOCIATION 2014. [DOI: 10.5124/jkma.2014.57.10.837] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/06/2022] Open
Affiliation(s)
- Young Hwa Choi
- Department of Infectious Diseases, Ajou University School of Medicine, Suwon, Korea
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