351
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Seip K, Jørgensen K, Haselager MV, Albrecht M, Haugen MH, Egeland EV, Lucarelli P, Engebraaten O, Sauter T, Mælandsmo GM, Prasmickaite L. Stroma-induced phenotypic plasticity offers phenotype-specific targeting to improve melanoma treatment. Cancer Lett 2018; 439:1-13. [DOI: 10.1016/j.canlet.2018.09.023] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/11/2018] [Revised: 09/12/2018] [Accepted: 09/13/2018] [Indexed: 02/07/2023]
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352
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Smita S, Ahad A, Ghosh A, Biswas VK, Koga MM, Gupta B, Acha-Orbea H, Raghav SK. Importance of EMT Factor ZEB1 in cDC1 "MutuDC Line" Mediated Induction of Th1 Immune Response. Front Immunol 2018; 9:2604. [PMID: 30483264 PMCID: PMC6243008 DOI: 10.3389/fimmu.2018.02604] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/25/2018] [Accepted: 10/23/2018] [Indexed: 12/12/2022] Open
Abstract
The role of Epithelial to Mesenchymal Transition (EMT) factor Zeb1 is well defined in metastasis and cancer progression but it's importance in dendritic cells (DCs) is unexplored until now. For the first time we report here that Zeb1 controls immunogenic responses of CD8α+ conventional Type-I (cDC1) DCs. We found that ZEB1 expression increases significantly after TLR9 stimulation and its depletion impairs activation, co-stimulation and secretion of important cytokines like IL-6, IL-10 and IL-12 in cDC1 MutuDC line. We further confirmed our findings in primary cDC1 DCs derived from bone marrow. Co-culture of these Zeb1 knock down (KD) DCs with OT-II CD4+ T helper cells skewed their differentiation toward Th2 subtype. Moreover, adoptive transfer of activated Zeb1 KD DCs cleared intestinal worms in helminth infected mice by increasing Th2 responses in vivo. Integrative genomic analysis showed Zeb1 as an activator of immune response genes in cDC1 MutuDCs as compared to other pathway genes. In addition, differentially regulated genes in Zeb1 KD RNA-seq showed significant enrichment of Th2 activation pathways supporting our in vitro findings. Mechanistically, we showed that decreased IL-12 secreted by Zeb1 KD DCs is the plausible mechanism for increased Th2 differentiation. Collectively our data demonstrate that Zeb1 could be targeted in DCs to modulate T-cell mediated adaptive immune responses.
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Affiliation(s)
- Shuchi Smita
- Immuno-genomics and Systems Biology Laboratory, Institute of Life Sciences (ILS), Bhubaneswar, India.,Manipal Academy of Higher Education, Manipal, India
| | - Abdul Ahad
- Immuno-genomics and Systems Biology Laboratory, Institute of Life Sciences (ILS), Bhubaneswar, India.,Manipal Academy of Higher Education, Manipal, India
| | - Arup Ghosh
- Immuno-genomics and Systems Biology Laboratory, Institute of Life Sciences (ILS), Bhubaneswar, India.,Department of Biotechnology, Kalinga Institute of Industrial Technology (KIIT), Bhubaneswar, India
| | - Viplov K Biswas
- Immuno-genomics and Systems Biology Laboratory, Institute of Life Sciences (ILS), Bhubaneswar, India.,Department of Biotechnology, Kalinga Institute of Industrial Technology (KIIT), Bhubaneswar, India
| | - Marianna M Koga
- Department of Biochemistry CIIL, University of Lausanne (UNIL), Epalinges, Switzerland
| | - Bhawna Gupta
- Department of Biotechnology, Kalinga Institute of Industrial Technology (KIIT), Bhubaneswar, India
| | - Hans Acha-Orbea
- Department of Biochemistry CIIL, University of Lausanne (UNIL), Epalinges, Switzerland
| | - Sunil K Raghav
- Immuno-genomics and Systems Biology Laboratory, Institute of Life Sciences (ILS), Bhubaneswar, India.,Manipal Academy of Higher Education, Manipal, India.,Department of Biotechnology, Kalinga Institute of Industrial Technology (KIIT), Bhubaneswar, India
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353
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Cortes J, Schöffski P, Littlefield BA. Multiple modes of action of eribulin mesylate: Emerging data and clinical implications. Cancer Treat Rev 2018; 70:190-198. [DOI: 10.1016/j.ctrv.2018.08.008] [Citation(s) in RCA: 39] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/11/2018] [Revised: 08/14/2018] [Accepted: 08/17/2018] [Indexed: 02/07/2023]
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354
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Obesity and gastrointestinal cancer: the interrelationship of adipose and tumour microenvironments. Nat Rev Gastroenterol Hepatol 2018; 15:699-714. [PMID: 30323319 DOI: 10.1038/s41575-018-0069-7] [Citation(s) in RCA: 77] [Impact Index Per Article: 12.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/07/2023]
Abstract
Increasing recognition of an association between obesity and many cancer types exists, but how the myriad of local and systemic effects of obesity affect key cellular and non-cellular processes within the tumour microenvironment (TME) relevant to carcinogenesis, tumour progression and response to therapies remains poorly understood. The TME is a complex cellular environment in which the tumour exists along with blood vessels, immune cells, fibroblasts, bone marrow-derived inflammatory cells, signalling molecules and the extracellular matrix. Obesity, in particular visceral obesity, might fuel the dysregulation of key pathways relevant to both the adipose microenvironment and the TME, which interact to promote carcinogenesis in at-risk epithelium. The tumour-promoting effects of obesity can occur at the local level as well as systemically via circulating inflammatory, growth factor and metabolic mediators associated with adipose tissue inflammation, as well as paracrine and autocrine effects. This Review explores key pathways linking visceral obesity and gastrointestinal cancer, including inflammation, hypoxia, altered stromal and immune cell function, energy metabolism and angiogenesis.
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355
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Li Z, Xu L, Liu Y, Fu S, Tu J, Hu Y, Xiong Q. LncRNA MALAT1 promotes relapse of breast cancer patients with postoperative fever. Am J Transl Res 2018; 10:3186-3197. [PMID: 30416660 PMCID: PMC6220217] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/22/2018] [Accepted: 09/17/2018] [Indexed: 06/09/2023]
Abstract
Postoperative fever is prevalent in many breast cancer patients. Some retrospective studies proposed that postoperative fever might also be considered as a rapid rough indicator for the poor prognosis of breast cancer patients. This study aims to explore the possible molecular mechanisms underlying the relapse of breast cancer patients with early postoperative fever. Our results indicated plasma levels of lncRNA MALAT1 were elevated in breast cancer patients with early postoperative fever and were associated with RFS. Lipopolysaccharide (LPS) was able to induce fever and systemic inflammatory responses in 4T1 xenograft mice, and promote lung metastasis. But after knocking down lncRNA MALAT1, the inflammatory responses and metastasis of lung were significantly reduced. Moreover, after knocking down lncRNA MALAT1 in the 4T1 cells, TNF-α level in the supernatants was sharply decreased, and the invasion and migration induced by LPS was also weakened. Cumulatively, our data indicates that MALAT1 is closely related to recurrence and metastasis of breast cancer patients with early postoperative fever.
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Affiliation(s)
- Zhihua Li
- Department of Breast Surgery, The Third Hospital of Nanchang CityNanchang 330009, Jiangxi, People’s Republic of China
- Key Laboratory of Breast Diseases in Jiangxi ProvinceNanchang 330009, Jiangxi, People’s Republic of China
| | - Liang Xu
- Department of Breast Surgery, The Third Hospital of Nanchang CityNanchang 330009, Jiangxi, People’s Republic of China
- Key Laboratory of Breast Diseases in Jiangxi ProvinceNanchang 330009, Jiangxi, People’s Republic of China
| | - Yong Liu
- Clinical Laboratory, The Third Hospital of Nanchang CityNanchang 330009, Jiangxi, People’s Republic of China
| | - Shaokun Fu
- Clinical Laboratory, The Third Hospital of Nanchang CityNanchang 330009, Jiangxi, People’s Republic of China
| | - Jianhong Tu
- Pathology Department, The Third Hospital of Nanchang City, Jiangxi Breast Specialist HospitalNanchang 330009, Jiangxi, People’s Republic of China
| | - Yangyang Hu
- Key Laboratory of Breast Diseases in Jiangxi ProvinceNanchang 330009, Jiangxi, People’s Republic of China
| | - Qiuyun Xiong
- Department of Breast Surgery, The Third Hospital of Nanchang CityNanchang 330009, Jiangxi, People’s Republic of China
- Key Laboratory of Breast Diseases in Jiangxi ProvinceNanchang 330009, Jiangxi, People’s Republic of China
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356
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CCL18 secreted from M2 macrophages promotes migration and invasion via the PI3K/Akt pathway in gallbladder cancer. Cell Oncol (Dordr) 2018; 42:81-92. [PMID: 30276551 DOI: 10.1007/s13402-018-0410-8] [Citation(s) in RCA: 41] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Accepted: 09/19/2018] [Indexed: 02/06/2023] Open
Abstract
PURPOSE The presence of M2 macrophages within primary tumors has been correlated with a poor prognosis for many types of cancer. However, little is known about the role of M2 macrophages in gallbladder cancer (GBC). METHODS The number of M2 macrophages in 78 GBC and 16 normal gallbladder tissue samples was assessed by immunohistochemistry. The THP-1 monocyte cell line was differentiated into M2 macrophages and co-cultured with GBC-derived cell lines. The effect of M2 macrophages on promoting GBC cell migration and invasion was analyzed using migration, invasion and scratch wound healing assays. Western blotting and real-time PCR were used to assess the expression of epithelial-mesenchymal transition (EMT) markers and the activation status of the PI3K/Akt signaling pathway in GBC cells co-cultured with THP-1-derived macrophages. RESULTS The average number of M2 macrophages was found to be significantly higher in GBC tissues than in normal gallbladder tissues. We also found that GBC patients with higher M2 macrophage counts exhibited poorer overall survival rates. Co-culture with M2 macrophages significantly promoted the migration, invasion and EMT of GBC cells. Moreover, we found that CCL18 secreted from M2 macrophages had the same effect on GBC cells as M2 macrophages. Blocking the function of CCL18 with a neutralizing antibody reversed this effect. Finally, we found that M2 macrophages could activate PI3K/Akt signaling in GBC cells, thereby leading to migration, invasion and EMT of these cells. CONCLUSIONS Our findings contribute to our understanding of the role of chronic inflammation in GBC development and progression, and may offer potential therapeutic targets for GBC.
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357
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Bakhoum SF, Cantley LC. The Multifaceted Role of Chromosomal Instability in Cancer and Its Microenvironment. Cell 2018; 174:1347-1360. [PMID: 30193109 PMCID: PMC6136429 DOI: 10.1016/j.cell.2018.08.027] [Citation(s) in RCA: 378] [Impact Index Per Article: 63.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/04/2018] [Revised: 08/03/2018] [Accepted: 08/13/2018] [Indexed: 02/07/2023]
Abstract
Chromosomal instability (CIN) is a hallmark of human cancer, and it is associated with poor prognosis, metastasis, and therapeutic resistance. CIN results from errors in chromosome segregation during mitosis, leading to structural and numerical chromosomal abnormalities. In addition to generating genomic heterogeneity that acts as a substrate for natural selection, CIN promotes inflammatory signaling by introducing double-stranded DNA into the cytosol, engaging the cGAS-STING anti-viral pathway. These multipronged effects distinguish CIN as a central driver of tumor evolution and as a genomic source for the crosstalk between the tumor and its microenvironment, in the course of immune editing and evasion.
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Affiliation(s)
- Samuel F Bakhoum
- Human Oncology and Pathogenesis Program, Memorial Sloan Kettering Cancer Center, New York, NY 10065, USA; Department of Radiation Oncology, Memorial Sloan Kettering Cancer Center, New York, NY 10065, USA.
| | - Lewis C Cantley
- Sandra and Edward Meyer Cancer Center, Weill Cornell Medicine, New York, NY 10065, USA
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358
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Fajka-Boja R, Marton A, Tóth A, Blazsó P, Tubak V, Bálint B, Nagy I, Hegedűs Z, Vizler C, Katona RL. Increased insulin-like growth factor 1 production by polyploid adipose stem cells promotes growth of breast cancer cells. BMC Cancer 2018; 18:872. [PMID: 30185144 PMCID: PMC6126028 DOI: 10.1186/s12885-018-4781-z] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/23/2018] [Accepted: 08/29/2018] [Indexed: 02/08/2023] Open
Abstract
Background Adipose-tissue stem cells (ASCs) are subject of intensive research since their successful use in regenerative therapy. The drawback of ASCs is that they may serve as stroma for cancer cells and assist tumor progression. It is disquieting that ASCs frequently undergo genetic and epigenetic changes during their in vitro propagation. In this study, we describe the polyploidization of murine ASCs and the accompanying phenotypical, gene expressional and functional changes under long term culturing. Methods ASCs were isolated from visceral fat of C57BL/6 J mice, and cultured in vitro for prolonged time. The phenotypical changes were followed by microscopy and flow cytometry. Gene expressional changes were determined by differential transcriptome analysis and changes in protein expression were shown by Western blotting. The tumor growth promoting effect of ASCs was examined by co-culturing them with 4 T1 murine breast cancer cells. Results After five passages, the proliferation of ASCs decreases and cells enter a senescence-like state, from which a proportion of cells escape by polyploidization. The resulting ASC line is susceptible to adipogenic, osteogenic and chondrogenic differentiation, and expresses the stem cell markers CD29 and Sca-1 on an upregulated level. Differential transcriptome analysis of ASCs with normal and polyploid karyotype shows altered expression of genes that are involved in regulation of cancer, cellular growth and proliferation. We verified the increased expression of Klf4 and loss of Nestin on protein level. We found that elevated production of insulin-like growth factor 1 by polyploid ASCs rendered them more potent in tumor growth promotion in vitro. Conclusions Our model indicates how ASCs with altered genetic background may support tumor progression. Electronic supplementary material The online version of this article (10.1186/s12885-018-4781-z) contains supplementary material, which is available to authorized users.
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Affiliation(s)
- Roberta Fajka-Boja
- Biological Research Centre of the Hungarian Academy of Sciences, Institute of Genetics, H-6726 Temesvári krt. 62, Szeged, Hungary
| | - Annamária Marton
- Biological Research Centre of the Hungarian Academy of Sciences, Institute of Biochemistry, H-6726 Temesvári krt. 62, Szeged, Hungary
| | - Anna Tóth
- Biological Research Centre of the Hungarian Academy of Sciences, Institute of Genetics, H-6726 Temesvári krt. 62, Szeged, Hungary
| | - Péter Blazsó
- Biological Research Centre of the Hungarian Academy of Sciences, Institute of Genetics, H-6726 Temesvári krt. 62, Szeged, Hungary
| | - Vilmos Tubak
- Creative Laboratory Ltd, H-6726 Temesvári krt. 62, Szeged, Hungary
| | - Balázs Bálint
- Biological Research Centre of the Hungarian Academy of Sciences, Institute of Biochemistry, H-6726 Temesvári krt. 62, Szeged, Hungary
| | - István Nagy
- Biological Research Centre of the Hungarian Academy of Sciences, Institute of Biochemistry, H-6726 Temesvári krt. 62, Szeged, Hungary
| | - Zoltán Hegedűs
- Biological Research Centre of the Hungarian Academy of Sciences, Institute of Biophysics, H-6726 Temesvári krt. 62, Szeged, Hungary
| | - Csaba Vizler
- Biological Research Centre of the Hungarian Academy of Sciences, Institute of Biochemistry, H-6726 Temesvári krt. 62, Szeged, Hungary
| | - Robert L Katona
- Biological Research Centre of the Hungarian Academy of Sciences, Institute of Genetics, H-6726 Temesvári krt. 62, Szeged, Hungary.
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359
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A new meroterpenoid functions as an anti-tumor agent in hepatoma cells by downregulating mTOR activation and inhibiting EMT. Sci Rep 2018; 8:13152. [PMID: 30177727 PMCID: PMC6120861 DOI: 10.1038/s41598-018-31409-2] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/30/2018] [Accepted: 08/03/2018] [Indexed: 02/07/2023] Open
Abstract
Liver cancer, also known as primary liver cancer, is cancer that starts in the liver. JNU-144, a new meroterpenoid purified from Lithospermum erythrorhizon, has exhibited promising anticancer activity; however, the molecular mechanisms of action of JNU-144 on malignant cells remain unclear. Our studies revealed that JNU-144 suppressed cell viability and proliferation in hepatoma cells by downregulating mTOR activation. Meanwhile, JNU-144 activated the intrinsic apoptosis pathway and subsequently triggered apoptotic cell death in SMMC-7721 cells. We also found that JNU-144 inhibited the epithelial–mesenchymal transition in both SMMC-7721 and HepG2 cells through reprogramming of epithelial–mesenchymal transition (EMT)-related gene expression or regulating protein instability. These findings indicate that JNU-144 exerts potent anticancer activity in hepatoma cells and may be developed as a potential therapeutic drug.
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360
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Che Y, Geng B, Xu Y, Miao X, Chen L, Mu X, Pan J, Zhang C, Zhao T, Wang C, Li X, Wen H, Liu Z, You Q. Helicobacter pylori-induced exosomal MET educates tumour-associated macrophages to promote gastric cancer progression. J Cell Mol Med 2018; 22:5708-5719. [PMID: 30160350 PMCID: PMC6201349 DOI: 10.1111/jcmm.13847] [Citation(s) in RCA: 48] [Impact Index Per Article: 8.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/20/2018] [Revised: 07/12/2018] [Accepted: 07/18/2018] [Indexed: 12/18/2022] Open
Abstract
Helicobacter pylori (H. pylori) infection triggers chronic inflammation that has been associated with gastric cancer (GC). Exosomes are small extracellular vesicles that have become the key mediators of intercellular communication. In this study, we investigated exosome‐mediated communication between H. pylori‐infected GC cells and macrophages, focusing on the transfer of activated mesenchymal‐epithelial transition factor (MET). We observed a significant decrease in MET protein expression in GC cells after infection with H. pylori, whereas MET mRNA levels remained unchanged. Intriguingly, MET expression, specifically the phosphorylated active form, was increased in exosomes released from H. pylori‐infected GC cells. Confocal microscopy and Western blotting analyses showed that these exosomes containing MET were delivered to and internalized by macrophages. Indeed, in human GC tissues positive for H. pylori, we also observed that activated MET was highly expressed in tumour‐infiltrating macrophages. After internalization, exosomal MET then appeared to educate the macrophages towards a pro‐tumorigenesis phenotype. This included exosomal MET‐mediated stimulation of proinflammatory cytokine secretion IL‐1β, which subsequently promoted tumour growth and progression in vitro and in vivo. Taken together, these data were the first to demonstrate H. pylori infection‐induced upregulation of activated MET in exosomes and the pro‐tumorigenic effect on tumour‐associated macrophages.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ying Che
- Medical Center for Digestive Diseases, Second Affiliated Hospital, Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing, Jiangsu, China
| | - Biao Geng
- Department of Biotherapy, Second Affiliated Hospital, Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing, Jiangsu, China
| | - Yue Xu
- Department of Biotherapy, Second Affiliated Hospital, Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing, Jiangsu, China
| | - Xin Miao
- Medical Center for Digestive Diseases, Second Affiliated Hospital, Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing, Jiangsu, China
| | - Ling Chen
- Medical Center for Digestive Diseases, Second Affiliated Hospital, Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing, Jiangsu, China
| | - Xianmin Mu
- Department of Biotherapy, Second Affiliated Hospital, Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing, Jiangsu, China
| | - Jinshun Pan
- Department of Biotherapy, Second Affiliated Hospital, Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing, Jiangsu, China
| | - Chen Zhang
- Department of Biotherapy, Second Affiliated Hospital, Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing, Jiangsu, China
| | - Ting Zhao
- Department of Biotherapy, Second Affiliated Hospital, Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing, Jiangsu, China
| | - Chao Wang
- Department of Surgery, Second Affiliated Hospital, Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing, Jiangsu, China
| | - Xiang Li
- Department of Surgery, Second Affiliated Hospital, Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing, Jiangsu, China
| | - Hao Wen
- Department of Surgery, Second Affiliated Hospital, Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing, Jiangsu, China
| | - Zheng Liu
- Medical Center for Digestive Diseases, Second Affiliated Hospital, Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing, Jiangsu, China
| | - Qiang You
- Medical Center for Digestive Diseases, Second Affiliated Hospital, Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing, Jiangsu, China.,Department of Biotherapy, Second Affiliated Hospital, Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing, Jiangsu, China.,Key Laboratory for Aging & Disease, Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing, Jiangsu, China
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361
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Nanomedicines reveal how PBOV1 promotes hepatocellular carcinoma for effective gene therapy. Nat Commun 2018; 9:3430. [PMID: 30143633 PMCID: PMC6109108 DOI: 10.1038/s41467-018-05764-7] [Citation(s) in RCA: 32] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/01/2017] [Accepted: 07/26/2018] [Indexed: 02/07/2023] Open
Abstract
There exists an urgent medical demand at present to develop therapeutic strategies which can improve the treatment outcome of hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC). Here, we explore the biological functions and clinical significance of PBOV1 in HCC in order to push forward the diagnosis and treatment of HCC. Using theranostical nanomedicines, PBOV1 is verified to be a key oncogene which greatly promotes HCC proliferation, epithelial-to-mesenchymal transition, and stemness by activating the Wnt/β-catenin signaling pathway. Therefore, single-chain antibody for epidermal growth factor receptor (scAb-EGFR)-targeted nanomedicine effectively silencing the PBOV1 gene exhibits potent anticancer effects. In vivo HCC-targeting siRNA delivery mediated by the theranostical nanomedicine remarkably inhibits the tumor growth and metastasis. In addition, the superparamagnetic iron oxide nanocrystals (SPION)-encapsulated nanomedicines possess high MRI detection sensitivity, which endows them with the potential for MRI diagnosis of HCC. This study shows that PBOV1 represents a prognostic biomarker and therapeutic target for HCC.
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362
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Lu CH, Yeh DW, Lai CY, Liu YL, Huang LR, Lee AYL, Jin SLC, Chuang TH. USP17 mediates macrophage-promoted inflammation and stemness in lung cancer cells by regulating TRAF2/TRAF3 complex formation. Oncogene 2018; 37:6327-6340. [PMID: 30038267 PMCID: PMC6283856 DOI: 10.1038/s41388-018-0411-0] [Citation(s) in RCA: 47] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/11/2018] [Revised: 05/27/2018] [Accepted: 06/26/2018] [Indexed: 02/07/2023]
Abstract
Macrophage accumulation and inflammation in the lung owing to stresses and diseases is a cause of lung cancer development. However, molecular mechanisms underlying the interaction between macrophages and cancer cells, which drive inflammation and stemness in cancers, are poorly understood. In this study, we investigated the expression of ubiquitin-specific peptidase 17 (USP17) in lung cancers, and role of elevated USP17 in the interaction between macrophages and lung cancer cells. USP17 expression in lung cancers was associated with poor prognosis, macrophage, and inflammatory marker expressions. Macrophages promoted USP17 expression in cancer cells. TNFR-associated factor (TRAF) 2-binding and TRAF3-binding motifs were identified in USP17, through which it interacted with and disrupted the TRAF2/TRAF3 complex. This stabilized its client proteins, enhanced inflammation and stemness in cancer cells, and promoted macrophage recruitment. In different animal studies, co-injection of macrophages with cancer cells promoted USP17 expression in tumors and tumor growth. Conversely, depletion of macrophages in host animals by clodronate liposomes reduced USP17 expression and tumor growth. In addition, overexpression of USP17 in cancer cells promoted tumor growth and inflammation-associated and stemness-associated gene expressions in tumors. These results suggested that USP17 drives a positive-feedback interaction between macrophages and cancer cells to enhance inflammation and stemness in cancer cells, and promotes lung cancer growth.
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Affiliation(s)
- Chih-Hao Lu
- Immunology Research Center, National Health Research Institutes, Miaoli, Taiwan.,Department of Life Sciences, National Central University, Zhongli District, Taoyuan City, Taiwan
| | - Da-Wei Yeh
- Immunology Research Center, National Health Research Institutes, Miaoli, Taiwan
| | - Chao-Yang Lai
- Immunology Research Center, National Health Research Institutes, Miaoli, Taiwan
| | - Yi-Ling Liu
- Immunology Research Center, National Health Research Institutes, Miaoli, Taiwan
| | - Li-Rung Huang
- Institute of Molecular and Genomic Medicine, National Health Research Institutes, Miaoli, Taiwan
| | - Alan Yueh-Luen Lee
- National Institute of Cancer Research, National Health Research Institutes, Miaoli, Taiwan
| | - S-L Catherine Jin
- Department of Life Sciences, National Central University, Zhongli District, Taoyuan City, Taiwan
| | - Tsung-Hsien Chuang
- Immunology Research Center, National Health Research Institutes, Miaoli, Taiwan. .,Program in Environmental and Occupational Medicine, Kaohsiung Medical University, Kaohsiung, Taiwan.
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363
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Zhang Y, Zhu Y, Zhao E, He X, Zhao L, Wang Z, Fu X, Qi Y, Ma B, Song Y, Gao Q. Autologous cytokine-induced killer cell immunotherapy may improve overall survival in advanced malignant melanoma patients. Immunotherapy 2018; 9:1165-1174. [PMID: 29067881 DOI: 10.2217/imt-2017-0061] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/12/2022] Open
Abstract
AIMS Our study was conducted to explore the efficacy of autologous cytokine-induced killer (CIK) cells in patients with advanced malignant melanoma. Materials & Methods: Here we reviewed 113 stage IV malignant melanoma patients among which 68 patients received CIK cell immunotherapy alone, while 45 patients accepted CIK cell therapy combined with chemotherapy. Results: We found that the median survival time in CIK cell group was longer than the combined therapy group (21 vs 15 months, p = 0.07). In addition, serum hemoglobin level as well as monocyte proportion and lymphocyte count were associated with patients' survival time. CONCLUSIONS These indicated that CIK cell immunotherapy might extend survival time in advanced malignant melanoma patients. Furthermore, serum hemoglobin level, monocyte proportion and lymphocyte count could be prognostic indicators for melanoma.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yong Zhang
- Department of Immunotherapy, Affiliated Cancer Hospital of Zhengzhou University & Henan Cancer Hospital, 127 Dong Ming Road, Zhengzhou 450003, China
| | - Yu'nan Zhu
- Department of Hematology, the 3rd People's Hospital of Zhengzhou, Zhengzhou, China
| | - Erjiang Zhao
- Department of Biostatistics Affiliated Cancer Hospital of Zhengzhou University & Henan Cancer Hospital, Zhengzhou, China
| | - Xiaolei He
- Department of Respiration, Shangqiu First People's Hospital, Zhengzhou, China
| | - Lingdi Zhao
- Department of Immunotherapy, Affiliated Cancer Hospital of Zhengzhou University & Henan Cancer Hospital, 127 Dong Ming Road, Zhengzhou 450003, China
| | - Zibing Wang
- Department of Immunotherapy, Affiliated Cancer Hospital of Zhengzhou University & Henan Cancer Hospital, 127 Dong Ming Road, Zhengzhou 450003, China
| | - Xiaomin Fu
- Department of Immunotherapy, Affiliated Cancer Hospital of Zhengzhou University & Henan Cancer Hospital, 127 Dong Ming Road, Zhengzhou 450003, China
| | - Yalong Qi
- Department of Immunotherapy, Affiliated Cancer Hospital of Zhengzhou University & Henan Cancer Hospital, 127 Dong Ming Road, Zhengzhou 450003, China
| | - Baozhen Ma
- Department of Immunotherapy, Affiliated Cancer Hospital of Zhengzhou University & Henan Cancer Hospital, 127 Dong Ming Road, Zhengzhou 450003, China
| | - Yongping Song
- Department of Hematology, Affiliated Cancer Hospital of Zhengzhou University & Henan Cancer Hospital, 127 Dong Ming Road, Zhengzhou 450003, China
| | - Quanli Gao
- Department of Immunotherapy, Affiliated Cancer Hospital of Zhengzhou University & Henan Cancer Hospital, 127 Dong Ming Road, Zhengzhou 450003, China
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364
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The role of the epithelial-to-mesenchymal transition (EMT) in diseases of the salivary glands. Histochem Cell Biol 2018; 150:133-147. [DOI: 10.1007/s00418-018-1680-y] [Citation(s) in RCA: 21] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Accepted: 05/16/2018] [Indexed: 02/06/2023]
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365
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Xu K, Tao W, Su Z. Propofol prevents IL-13-induced epithelial-mesenchymal transition in human colorectal cancer cells. Cell Biol Int 2018; 42:985-993. [PMID: 29569786 DOI: 10.1002/cbin.10964] [Citation(s) in RCA: 18] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/06/2017] [Accepted: 03/17/2018] [Indexed: 12/17/2022]
Abstract
Accumulating evidence showed that cytokines are involved in the development of cancer. IL-13 was showed to induce epithelial-mesenchymal transition and promote metastasis in colorectal cancer, providing a promising therapeutic target for cancer patients. Interestingly, recent studies showed that propofol, one of most common intravenous anesthetic agent, may have antitumor function in different cancer type. However, the impact of propofol on colorectal cancer and IL-13 induced epithelial-mesenchymal transition remains unknown. Herein, we found that propofol can effectively suppress cell proliferation in colorectal cell lines RKO and SW480 cells by using MTT assay. Furthermore, wound healing assay and migration assay demonstrated that propofol has the ability to inhibit epithelial-mesenchymal transition that induced by IL-13 in RKO and SW480 cells. Mechanistically, we found propofol treatment causes up-regulation of miR-361 and miR-135b, that suppress expression of STAT6 and thereafter leads to the inhibition of IL-13/STAT6/ZEB1 signaling pathway. In conclusion, our data for the first time demonstrated that propofol may serve as a novel therapeutic drug for targeting IL-13. The aggressive function of IL-13/STAT6/ZEB1 axis in colorectal cancer was impaired by propofol through miR-361 and miR-135b.
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Affiliation(s)
- Kejia Xu
- Department of Anaesthesiology, Tongren Hospital, Shanghai JiaoTong University School of Medicine, 1111 Xian Xia Road, Shanghai 200336, China
| | - Weimin Tao
- Department of Anaesthesiology, Tongren Hospital, Shanghai JiaoTong University School of Medicine, 1111 Xian Xia Road, Shanghai 200336, China
| | - Zhe Su
- Department of Anaesthesiology, Tongren Hospital, Shanghai JiaoTong University School of Medicine, 1111 Xian Xia Road, Shanghai 200336, China
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366
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Plantamajoside inhibits lipopolysaccharide-induced epithelial-mesenchymal transition through suppressing the NF-κB/IL-6 signaling in esophageal squamous cell carcinoma cells. Biomed Pharmacother 2018; 102:1045-1051. [PMID: 29710521 DOI: 10.1016/j.biopha.2018.03.171] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/04/2018] [Revised: 03/25/2018] [Accepted: 03/28/2018] [Indexed: 02/07/2023] Open
Abstract
Plantamajoside (PMS) is a major compound of Plantago asiatica and possesses anti-tumor activity. However, the effect of PMS on esophageal squamous cell carcinoma (ESCC) and the underlying mechanism of action are unclear. The present study aimed to evaluate the effect of PMS on lipopolysaccharide (LPS)-induced epithelial-mesenchymal transition (EMT) in ESCC. The results showed that PMS inhibited viability of ESCC cell lines (Eca-109 and TE-1) in a concentration-dependent manner. PMS also inhibited LPS-induced EMT in ESCC cells. PMS inhibited LPS-induced activation of the NF-κB pathway and IL-6 expression. PMS also suppressed IL-6-induced EMT in ESCC cells. Treatment of BAY11-7082 (an inhibitor of NF-κB) or antibody against IL-6 alleviated the effect of LPS-induced EMT in ESCC cells. Besides, inhibition of NF-κB decreased IL-6 expression. In conclusion, the results indicated that PMS inhibited LPS-induced EMT through suppressing the NF-κB/IL-6 signaling in ESCC cell lines, suggesting that PMS might be a useful agent for the treatment of ESCC.
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367
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Lee JW, Baek MJ, Ahn TS, Lee SM. Fluorine-18-fluorodeoxyglucose uptake of bone marrow on PET/CT can predict prognosis in patients with colorectal cancer after curative surgical resection. Eur J Gastroenterol Hepatol 2018; 30:187-194. [PMID: 29120905 DOI: 10.1097/meg.0000000000001018] [Citation(s) in RCA: 17] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/07/2023]
Abstract
OBJECTIVE This study investigated the relationship of fluorine-18-fluorodeoxyglucose (F-FDG) uptake of bone marrow (BM) on PET/computed tomography (PET/CT) with clinicopathologic factors and survival in patients with colorectal cancer. PATIENTS AND METHODS The study retrospectively included 226 patients with colorectal cancer who underwent F-FDG PET/CT for staging workup and treated with curative surgical resection. The maximum F-FDG uptake of primary cancer (Tmax) and mean F-FDG uptake of BM [BM standardized uptake value (SUV)] were derived from PET/CT images. The relationships between BM SUV and clinicopathologic factors and prognostic value of BM SUV for predicting recurrence-free survival (RFS) were assessed. RESULTS Patients with T3-T4 stage and hepatic metastases had significantly higher values of BM SUV than those with T1-T2 stage and no distant metastases (P<0.05). BM SUV showed significant positive correlation with Tmax, tumor size, serum C-reactive protein level, white blood cell count, neutrophil-to-lymphocyte ratio, and platelet-to-lymphocyte ratio (P<0.05). Univariate survival analysis revealed that N stage, M stage, tumor involvement of resection margin, lymphatic invasion, and BM SUV were significant predictors for RFS (P<0.05), whereas Tmax failed to show significance. In multivariate analysis, N stage (P=0.012 for N1 stage and P=0.020 for N2 stage), tumor involvement of resection margin (P=0.009), and BM SUV (P=0.005) were significantly associated with RFS. CONCLUSION Increased BM SUV was observed in patients with advanced stage and increased serum inflammatory markers. BM SUV was an independent predictor for RFS in colorectal cancer.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jeong Won Lee
- Department of Nuclear Medicine.,Institue for Integrative Medicine, Catholic Kwandong University College of Medicine, International St. Mary's Hospital, Incheon
| | | | | | - Sang Mi Lee
- Department of Nuclear Medicine, Cheonan Hospital, Soonchunhyang University, Cheonan, Korea
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368
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Zhang Y, Yang C, Cheng H, Fan Z, Huang Q, Lu Y, Fan K, Luo G, Jin K, Wang Z, Liu C, Yu X. Novel agents for pancreatic ductal adenocarcinoma: emerging therapeutics and future directions. J Hematol Oncol 2018; 11:14. [PMID: 29386069 PMCID: PMC5793409 DOI: 10.1186/s13045-017-0551-7] [Citation(s) in RCA: 31] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/12/2017] [Accepted: 12/28/2017] [Indexed: 02/08/2023] Open
Abstract
A poor prognosis of pancreatic ductal adenocarcinoma (PDAC) associated with chemoresistance has not changed for the past three decades. A multidisciplinary diagnosis followed by surgery and chemo(radiation)therapy is the main treatment approach. However, gemcitabine- and 5-fluorouracil-based therapies did not present satisfying outcomes. Novel regimens targeting pancreatic cancer cells, the tumor microenvironment, and immunosuppression are emerging. Biomarkers concerning the treatment outcome and patient selection are being discovered in preclinical or clinical studies. Combination therapies of classic chemotherapeutic drugs and novel agents or novel therapeutic combinations might bring hope to the dismal prognosis for PDAC patients.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yiyin Zhang
- Department of Pancreatic Surgery, Fudan University Shanghai Cancer Center, No. 270 DongAn Road, Shanghai, 200032, People's Republic of China
- Department of Oncology, Shanghai Medical College, Fudan University, No. 270 DongAn Road, Shanghai, 200032, People's Republic of China
- Shanghai Pancreatic Cancer Institute, No. 270 DongAn Road, Shanghai, 200032, People's Republic of China
- Pancreatic Cancer Institute, Fudan University, No. 270 DongAn Road, Shanghai, 200032, People's Republic of China
| | - Chao Yang
- Department of Pancreatic Surgery, Fudan University Shanghai Cancer Center, No. 270 DongAn Road, Shanghai, 200032, People's Republic of China
- Department of Oncology, Shanghai Medical College, Fudan University, No. 270 DongAn Road, Shanghai, 200032, People's Republic of China
- Shanghai Pancreatic Cancer Institute, No. 270 DongAn Road, Shanghai, 200032, People's Republic of China
- Pancreatic Cancer Institute, Fudan University, No. 270 DongAn Road, Shanghai, 200032, People's Republic of China
| | - He Cheng
- Department of Pancreatic Surgery, Fudan University Shanghai Cancer Center, No. 270 DongAn Road, Shanghai, 200032, People's Republic of China
- Department of Oncology, Shanghai Medical College, Fudan University, No. 270 DongAn Road, Shanghai, 200032, People's Republic of China
- Shanghai Pancreatic Cancer Institute, No. 270 DongAn Road, Shanghai, 200032, People's Republic of China
- Pancreatic Cancer Institute, Fudan University, No. 270 DongAn Road, Shanghai, 200032, People's Republic of China
| | - Zhiyao Fan
- Department of Pancreatic Surgery, Fudan University Shanghai Cancer Center, No. 270 DongAn Road, Shanghai, 200032, People's Republic of China
- Department of Oncology, Shanghai Medical College, Fudan University, No. 270 DongAn Road, Shanghai, 200032, People's Republic of China
- Shanghai Pancreatic Cancer Institute, No. 270 DongAn Road, Shanghai, 200032, People's Republic of China
- Pancreatic Cancer Institute, Fudan University, No. 270 DongAn Road, Shanghai, 200032, People's Republic of China
| | - Qiuyi Huang
- Department of Pancreatic Surgery, Fudan University Shanghai Cancer Center, No. 270 DongAn Road, Shanghai, 200032, People's Republic of China
- Department of Oncology, Shanghai Medical College, Fudan University, No. 270 DongAn Road, Shanghai, 200032, People's Republic of China
- Shanghai Pancreatic Cancer Institute, No. 270 DongAn Road, Shanghai, 200032, People's Republic of China
- Pancreatic Cancer Institute, Fudan University, No. 270 DongAn Road, Shanghai, 200032, People's Republic of China
| | - Yu Lu
- Department of Pancreatic Surgery, Fudan University Shanghai Cancer Center, No. 270 DongAn Road, Shanghai, 200032, People's Republic of China
- Department of Oncology, Shanghai Medical College, Fudan University, No. 270 DongAn Road, Shanghai, 200032, People's Republic of China
- Shanghai Pancreatic Cancer Institute, No. 270 DongAn Road, Shanghai, 200032, People's Republic of China
- Pancreatic Cancer Institute, Fudan University, No. 270 DongAn Road, Shanghai, 200032, People's Republic of China
| | - Kun Fan
- Department of Pancreatic Surgery, Fudan University Shanghai Cancer Center, No. 270 DongAn Road, Shanghai, 200032, People's Republic of China
- Department of Oncology, Shanghai Medical College, Fudan University, No. 270 DongAn Road, Shanghai, 200032, People's Republic of China
- Shanghai Pancreatic Cancer Institute, No. 270 DongAn Road, Shanghai, 200032, People's Republic of China
- Pancreatic Cancer Institute, Fudan University, No. 270 DongAn Road, Shanghai, 200032, People's Republic of China
| | - Guopei Luo
- Department of Pancreatic Surgery, Fudan University Shanghai Cancer Center, No. 270 DongAn Road, Shanghai, 200032, People's Republic of China
- Department of Oncology, Shanghai Medical College, Fudan University, No. 270 DongAn Road, Shanghai, 200032, People's Republic of China
- Shanghai Pancreatic Cancer Institute, No. 270 DongAn Road, Shanghai, 200032, People's Republic of China
- Pancreatic Cancer Institute, Fudan University, No. 270 DongAn Road, Shanghai, 200032, People's Republic of China
| | - Kaizhou Jin
- Department of Pancreatic Surgery, Fudan University Shanghai Cancer Center, No. 270 DongAn Road, Shanghai, 200032, People's Republic of China
- Department of Oncology, Shanghai Medical College, Fudan University, No. 270 DongAn Road, Shanghai, 200032, People's Republic of China
- Shanghai Pancreatic Cancer Institute, No. 270 DongAn Road, Shanghai, 200032, People's Republic of China
- Pancreatic Cancer Institute, Fudan University, No. 270 DongAn Road, Shanghai, 200032, People's Republic of China
| | - Zhengshi Wang
- Department of Pancreatic Surgery, Fudan University Shanghai Cancer Center, No. 270 DongAn Road, Shanghai, 200032, People's Republic of China
- Department of Oncology, Shanghai Medical College, Fudan University, No. 270 DongAn Road, Shanghai, 200032, People's Republic of China
- Shanghai Pancreatic Cancer Institute, No. 270 DongAn Road, Shanghai, 200032, People's Republic of China
- Pancreatic Cancer Institute, Fudan University, No. 270 DongAn Road, Shanghai, 200032, People's Republic of China
| | - Chen Liu
- Department of Pancreatic Surgery, Fudan University Shanghai Cancer Center, No. 270 DongAn Road, Shanghai, 200032, People's Republic of China.
- Department of Oncology, Shanghai Medical College, Fudan University, No. 270 DongAn Road, Shanghai, 200032, People's Republic of China.
- Shanghai Pancreatic Cancer Institute, No. 270 DongAn Road, Shanghai, 200032, People's Republic of China.
- Pancreatic Cancer Institute, Fudan University, No. 270 DongAn Road, Shanghai, 200032, People's Republic of China.
| | - Xianjun Yu
- Department of Pancreatic Surgery, Fudan University Shanghai Cancer Center, No. 270 DongAn Road, Shanghai, 200032, People's Republic of China.
- Department of Oncology, Shanghai Medical College, Fudan University, No. 270 DongAn Road, Shanghai, 200032, People's Republic of China.
- Shanghai Pancreatic Cancer Institute, No. 270 DongAn Road, Shanghai, 200032, People's Republic of China.
- Pancreatic Cancer Institute, Fudan University, No. 270 DongAn Road, Shanghai, 200032, People's Republic of China.
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369
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Giacomelli C, Daniele S, Romei C, Tavanti L, Neri T, Piano I, Celi A, Martini C, Trincavelli ML. The A 2B Adenosine Receptor Modulates the Epithelial- Mesenchymal Transition through the Balance of cAMP/PKA and MAPK/ERK Pathway Activation in Human Epithelial Lung Cells. Front Pharmacol 2018; 9:54. [PMID: 29445342 PMCID: PMC5797802 DOI: 10.3389/fphar.2018.00054] [Citation(s) in RCA: 44] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/04/2017] [Accepted: 01/15/2018] [Indexed: 12/12/2022] Open
Abstract
The epithelial-mesenchymal transition (EMT) is a complex process in which cell phenotype switches from the epithelial to mesenchymal one. The deregulations of this process have been related with the occurrence of different diseases such as lung cancer and fibrosis. In the last decade, several efforts have been devoted in understanding the mechanisms that trigger and sustain this transition process. Adenosine is a purinergic signaling molecule that has been involved in the onset and progression of chronic lung diseases and cancer through the A2B adenosine receptor subtype activation, too. However, the relationship between A2BAR and EMT has not been investigated, yet. Herein, the A2BAR characterization was carried out in human epithelial lung cells. Moreover, the effects of receptor activation on EMT were investigated in the absence and presence of transforming growth factor-beta (TGF-β1), which has been known to promote the transition. The A2BAR activation alone decreased and increased the expression of epithelial markers (E-cadherin) and the mesenchymal one (Vimentin, N-cadherin), respectively, nevertheless a complete EMT was not observed. Surprisingly, the receptor activation counteracted the EMT induced by TGF-β1. Several intracellular pathways regulate the EMT: high levels of cAMP and ERK1/2 phosphorylation has been demonstrated to counteract and promote the transition, respectively. The A2BAR stimulation was able to modulated these two pathways, cAMP/PKA and MAPK/ERK, shifting the fine balance toward activation or inhibition of EMT. In fact, using a selective PKA inhibitor, which blocks the cAMP pathway, the A2BAR-mediated EMT promotion were exacerbated, and conversely the selective inhibition of MAPK/ERK counteracted the receptor-induced transition. These results highlighted the A2BAR as one of the receptors involved in the modulation of EMT process. Nevertheless, its activation is not enough to trigger a complete transition, its ability to affect different intracellular pathways could represent a mechanism at the basis of EMT maintenance/inhibition based on the extracellular microenvironment. Despite further investigations are needed, herein for the first time the A2BAR has been related to the EMT process, and therefore to the different EMT-related pathologies.
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Affiliation(s)
| | | | - Chiara Romei
- Department of Surgical, Medical and Molecular Pathology and Critical Care Medicine, University of Pisa, Pisa, Italy.,Radiology Unit, University Hospital of Pisa, Pisa, Italy
| | - Laura Tavanti
- Pneumology Unit, Cardio-Thoracic Department, University Hospital of Pisa, Pisa, Italy
| | - Tommaso Neri
- Department of Surgical, Medical and Molecular Pathology and Critical Care Medicine, University of Pisa, Pisa, Italy
| | - Ilaria Piano
- Department of Pharmacy, University of Pisa, Pisa, Italy
| | - Alessandro Celi
- Department of Surgical, Medical and Molecular Pathology and Critical Care Medicine, University of Pisa, Pisa, Italy
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370
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Tang W, Huang S, Du L, Sun W, Yu Z, Zhou Y, Chen J, Li X, Li X, Yu B, Chen D. Expression of HMGB1 in maternal exposure to fine particulate air pollution induces lung injury in rat offspring assessed with micro-CT. Chem Biol Interact 2018; 280:64-69. [DOI: 10.1016/j.cbi.2017.12.016] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/02/2017] [Accepted: 12/08/2017] [Indexed: 02/07/2023]
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371
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Khajeh Alizadeh Attar M, Anwar MA, Eskian M, Keshavarz-Fathi M, Choi S, Rezaei N. Basic understanding and therapeutic approaches to target toll-like receptors in cancerous microenvironment and metastasis. Med Res Rev 2017; 38:1469-1484. [PMID: 29283184 DOI: 10.1002/med.21480] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/22/2017] [Revised: 11/24/2017] [Accepted: 12/02/2017] [Indexed: 12/11/2022]
Abstract
Toll-like receptors (TLRs) are transmembrane components that sense danger signals, like damage- and pathogen-associated molecular pattern molecules, as receptors, and maintain homeostasis in tissues. They are mainly involved in immune system activation through a variety of mediators, which either carry out (1) elimination of pathogenic threats and redressing homeostatic imbalances or (2) contribution to the initiation and worsening of pathological conditions, including cancers. Under physiological conditions, TLRs coordinate the innate and adaptive immunity, and inhibit autoimmune disorders. In pathological conditions, such as cancer, they can present both tumor and receptor-specific roles. Although the roles of individual TLRs in various cancers have been described, the effects of targeting TLRs to treat cancer and prevent metastasis are still controversial. A growing body of literature has suggested contribution of both activators and inhibitors of TLR signaling pathway for cancer treatment, dependent on several context-specific factors. In short, TLRs can play dual roles with contradictory outcomes in neoplastic conditions. This hampers the development of TLR-based therapeutic interventions. A better understanding of the interwoven TLR pathways in cancerous microenvironment is necessary to design TLR-based therapies. In this review, we consider the molecular mechanisms of TLRs signaling and their involvement in tumor progression. Therapeutic modalities targeting TLRs for cancer treatment are discussed as well.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mojtaba Khajeh Alizadeh Attar
- Cancer Immunology Project (CIP), Universal Scientific Education and Research Network (USERN), Tehran, Iran
- School of Medicine, Tehran University of Medical Sciences (TUMS), Tehran, Iran
| | - Muhammad Ayaz Anwar
- Department of Molecular Science and Technology, Ajou University, Suwon, Korea
| | - Mahsa Eskian
- Cancer Immunology Project (CIP), Universal Scientific Education and Research Network (USERN), Tehran, Iran
- Research Center for Immunodeficiencies, Children's Medical Center, Tehran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
- Network of Immunity in Infection, Malignancy, and Autoimmunity (NIIMA), Universal Scientific Education and Research Network (USERN), Tehran, Iran
| | - Mahsa Keshavarz-Fathi
- Cancer Immunology Project (CIP), Universal Scientific Education and Research Network (USERN), Tehran, Iran
- School of Medicine, Tehran University of Medical Sciences (TUMS), Tehran, Iran
- Research Center for Immunodeficiencies, Children's Medical Center, Tehran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
| | - Sangdun Choi
- Department of Molecular Science and Technology, Ajou University, Suwon, Korea
| | - Nima Rezaei
- Research Center for Immunodeficiencies, Children's Medical Center, Tehran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
- Network of Immunity in Infection, Malignancy, and Autoimmunity (NIIMA), Universal Scientific Education and Research Network (USERN), Tehran, Iran
- Department of Immunology, School of Medicine, Tehran University of Medical Sciences (TUMS), Tehran, Iran
- Cancer Immunology Project (CIP), Universal Scientific Education and Research Network (USERN), Sheffield, United Kingdom
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372
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Siddiqui I, Erreni M, Kamal MA, Porta C, Marchesi F, Pesce S, Pasqualini F, Schiarea S, Chiabrando C, Mantovani A, Allavena P. Differential role of Interleukin-1 and Interleukin-6 in K-Ras-driven pancreatic carcinoma undergoing mesenchymal transition. Oncoimmunology 2017; 7:e1388485. [PMID: 29308316 DOI: 10.1080/2162402x.2017.1388485] [Citation(s) in RCA: 22] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/29/2017] [Revised: 09/29/2017] [Accepted: 09/30/2017] [Indexed: 02/07/2023] Open
Abstract
K-Ras mutations are a hallmark of human pancreatic adenocarcinoma (PDAC) and epithelial-mesenchymal-transition (EMT) is a driver of progression. Oncogenic K-Ras causes the constitutive activation of NF-kB and the switch-on of an inflammatory program, which further fuels NF-kB and STAT3 activation. In this study we investigated how inflammatory pathways triggered by oncogenic K-Ras are regulated in human pancreatic cancer cells with distict epithelial or mesenchymal phenotype. Our results demonstrate that in cells with epithelial features, K-Ras driven inflammation is under the control of IL-1, while in cells undergoing EMT, is IL-1 independent. In pancreatic tumor cells with EMT phenotype, treatment with IL-1R antagonist (Anakinra) did not inhibit inflammatory cytokine production and tumor growth in mice. In these cells IL-6 is actively transcribed by the EMT transcription factor TWIST. Targeting of mesenchymal pancreatic tumors in vivo with anti-IL-6RmAb (RoActemra) successfully decreased tumor growth in immunodeficient mice, inhibited the inflammatory stroma and NF-kB-p65 and STAT3 phosphorylation in cancer cells. The results confirm that IL-1 is an important driver of inflammation in epithelial pancreatic tumors; however, tumor cells undergoing EMT will likely escape IL-1R inhibition, as IL-6 is continuously transcribed by TWIST. These findings have implications for the rational targeting of inflammatory pathways in human pancreatic cancer.
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Affiliation(s)
- Imran Siddiqui
- Department of Immunology, IRCCS Clinical and Research Institute Humanitas, Rozzano (Milano), Italy
| | - Marco Erreni
- Department of Immunology, IRCCS Clinical and Research Institute Humanitas, Rozzano (Milano), Italy
| | - Mohammad Azhar Kamal
- Department of Immunology, IRCCS Clinical and Research Institute Humanitas, Rozzano (Milano), Italy
| | - Chiara Porta
- Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Università Piemonte Orientale, Novara, Italy
| | - Federica Marchesi
- Department of Immunology, IRCCS Clinical and Research Institute Humanitas, Rozzano (Milano), Italy.,Department of Medical Biotechnology and Translational Medicine, University of Milan, Italy
| | - Samantha Pesce
- Department of Immunology, IRCCS Clinical and Research Institute Humanitas, Rozzano (Milano), Italy
| | - Fabio Pasqualini
- Department of Immunology, IRCCS Clinical and Research Institute Humanitas, Rozzano (Milano), Italy
| | - Silvia Schiarea
- Department of Environmental Health Sciences, IRCCS - Istituto di Ricerche Farmacologiche "Mario Negri", Milano, Italy
| | - Chiara Chiabrando
- Department of Environmental Health Sciences, IRCCS - Istituto di Ricerche Farmacologiche "Mario Negri", Milano, Italy
| | - Alberto Mantovani
- Department of Immunology, IRCCS Clinical and Research Institute Humanitas, Rozzano (Milano), Italy.,Humanitas University, Rozzano (Milano), Italy
| | - Paola Allavena
- Department of Immunology, IRCCS Clinical and Research Institute Humanitas, Rozzano (Milano), Italy.,Humanitas University, Rozzano (Milano), Italy
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373
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EMT and Treatment Resistance in Pancreatic Cancer. Cancers (Basel) 2017; 9:cancers9090122. [PMID: 28895920 PMCID: PMC5615337 DOI: 10.3390/cancers9090122] [Citation(s) in RCA: 95] [Impact Index Per Article: 13.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/27/2017] [Revised: 09/01/2017] [Accepted: 09/10/2017] [Indexed: 02/07/2023] Open
Abstract
Pancreatic cancer (PC) is the third leading cause of adult cancer mortality in the United States. The poor prognosis for patients with PC is mainly due to its aggressive course, the limited efficacy of active systemic treatments, and a metastatic behavior, demonstrated throughout the evolution of the disease. On average, 80% of patients with PC are diagnosed with metastatic disease, and the half of those who undergo surgery and adjuvant therapy develop liver metastasis within two years. Metastatic dissemination is an early event in PC and is mainly attributed to an evolutionary biological process called epithelial-to-mesenchymal transition (EMT). This innate mechanism could have a dual role during embryonic growth and organ differentiation, and in cancer progression, cancer stem cell intravasation, and metastasis settlement. Many of the molecular pathways decisive in EMT progression have been already unraveled, but little is known about the causes behind the induction of this mechanism. EMT is one of the most distinctive and critical features of PC, occurring even in the very first stages of tumor development. This is known as pancreatic intraepithelial neoplasia (PanIN) and leads to early dissemination, drug resistance, and unfavorable prognosis and survival. The intention of this review is to shed new light on the critical role assumed by EMT during PC progression, with a particular focus on its role in PC resistance.
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