351
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Mitamura T, Iwata K, Ogawa A. Photoinduced Intramolecular Cyclization of o-Ethenylaryl Isocyanides with Organic Disulfides Mediated by Diphenyl Ditelluride. J Org Chem 2011; 76:3880-7. [DOI: 10.1021/jo200299d] [Citation(s) in RCA: 75] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/30/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Takenori Mitamura
- Department of Applied Chemistry, Graduate School of Engineering, Osaka Prefecture University, 1-1 Gakuen-cho, Nakaku, Sakai, Osaka 599-8531, Japan
| | - Kimiyo Iwata
- Department of Applied Chemistry, Graduate School of Engineering, Osaka Prefecture University, 1-1 Gakuen-cho, Nakaku, Sakai, Osaka 599-8531, Japan
| | - Akiya Ogawa
- Department of Applied Chemistry, Graduate School of Engineering, Osaka Prefecture University, 1-1 Gakuen-cho, Nakaku, Sakai, Osaka 599-8531, Japan
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352
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Ackermann L, Dell’Acqua M, Fenner S, Vicente R, Sandmann R. Metal-Free Direct Arylations of Indoles and Pyrroles with Diaryliodonium Salts. Org Lett 2011; 13:2358-60. [DOI: 10.1021/ol200601e] [Citation(s) in RCA: 149] [Impact Index Per Article: 11.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/17/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Lutz Ackermann
- Institut für Organische und Biomolekulare Chemie, Georg-August-Universität, Tammannstrasse 2, 37077 Göttingen, Germany
| | - Monica Dell’Acqua
- Institut für Organische und Biomolekulare Chemie, Georg-August-Universität, Tammannstrasse 2, 37077 Göttingen, Germany
| | - Sabine Fenner
- Institut für Organische und Biomolekulare Chemie, Georg-August-Universität, Tammannstrasse 2, 37077 Göttingen, Germany
| | - Rubén Vicente
- Institut für Organische und Biomolekulare Chemie, Georg-August-Universität, Tammannstrasse 2, 37077 Göttingen, Germany
| | - René Sandmann
- Institut für Organische und Biomolekulare Chemie, Georg-August-Universität, Tammannstrasse 2, 37077 Göttingen, Germany
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353
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Vakuliuk O, Koszarna B, Gryko DT. Base-Mediated Direct Arylation of Pyrrole Derivatives. Adv Synth Catal 2011. [DOI: 10.1002/adsc.201000723] [Citation(s) in RCA: 54] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/13/2022]
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354
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355
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Batail N, Dufaud V, Djakovitch L. Larock heteroannulation of 2-bromoanilines with internal alkynes via ligand and salt free Pd/C catalysed reaction. Tetrahedron Lett 2011. [DOI: 10.1016/j.tetlet.2011.02.044] [Citation(s) in RCA: 30] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/26/2022]
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356
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Yamamoto Y, Yamada S, Nishiyama H. Synthesis of 3-Arylindole-2-carboxylates via Copper-Catalyzed Hydroarylation of o-Nitrophenyl-Substituted Alkynoates and Subsequent Cadogan Cyclization. Adv Synth Catal 2011. [DOI: 10.1002/adsc.201000858] [Citation(s) in RCA: 20] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/09/2022]
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357
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Affiliation(s)
- Jean Le Bras
- Institut de Chimie Moléculaire de Reims, UMR 6229 CNRS - Université de Reims Champagne-Ardenne, B.P. 1039, 51687 Reims Cedex 2, France
| | - Jacques Muzart
- Institut de Chimie Moléculaire de Reims, UMR 6229 CNRS - Université de Reims Champagne-Ardenne, B.P. 1039, 51687 Reims Cedex 2, France
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358
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Fu Z, Shao H. An efficient synthesis of 3-substituted indole derivates under ultrasound irradiation. ULTRASONICS SONOCHEMISTRY 2011; 18:520-526. [PMID: 21044854 DOI: 10.1016/j.ultsonch.2010.09.007] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/02/2010] [Revised: 09/08/2010] [Accepted: 09/20/2010] [Indexed: 05/30/2023]
Abstract
A solvent-free procedure for the synthesis of 3-substituted indole derivates from indoles and nitroalkenes under ultrasound irradiation is described. Control experiments disclosed besides mechanical effects, namely agitation, sonochemical effects are the main forces to drive the reaction. In the method, 2-chloroethanol was used to prepare a wide variety of 3-substituted indole derivates. This procedure only need equimolar amounts of reaction substrates and can be readily scaled up.
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Affiliation(s)
- Zhengyan Fu
- Natural Products Research Center, Chengdu Institute of Biology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Chengdu, China
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359
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Klare HFT, Oestreich M, Ito JI, Nishiyama H, Ohki Y, Tatsumi K. Cooperative Catalytic Activation of Si−H Bonds by a Polar Ru−S Bond: Regioselective Low-Temperature C−H Silylation of Indoles under Neutral Conditions by a Friedel−Crafts Mechanism. J Am Chem Soc 2011; 133:3312-5. [DOI: 10.1021/ja111483r] [Citation(s) in RCA: 202] [Impact Index Per Article: 15.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/30/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Hendrik F. T. Klare
- Organisch-Chemisches Institut, Westfälische Wilhelms-Universität Münster, Corrensstrasse 40, 48149 Münster, Germany
- Department of Chemistry, Graduate School of Science and Research Center for Materials Science, Nagoya University, Furo-cho, Chikusa-ku, Nagoya 464-8602, Japan
| | - Martin Oestreich
- Organisch-Chemisches Institut, Westfälische Wilhelms-Universität Münster, Corrensstrasse 40, 48149 Münster, Germany
| | - Jun-ichi Ito
- Department of Applied Chemistry, Graduate School of Engineering, Nagoya University, Furo-cho, Chikusa-ku, Nagoya 464-8603, Japan
| | - Hisao Nishiyama
- Department of Applied Chemistry, Graduate School of Engineering, Nagoya University, Furo-cho, Chikusa-ku, Nagoya 464-8603, Japan
| | - Yasuhiro Ohki
- Department of Chemistry, Graduate School of Science and Research Center for Materials Science, Nagoya University, Furo-cho, Chikusa-ku, Nagoya 464-8602, Japan
| | - Kazuyuki Tatsumi
- Department of Chemistry, Graduate School of Science and Research Center for Materials Science, Nagoya University, Furo-cho, Chikusa-ku, Nagoya 464-8602, Japan
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360
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Yagoubi M, Cruz ACF, Nichols PL, Elliott RL, Willis MC. Cascade palladium-catalyzed direct intramolecular arylation/alkene isomerization sequences: synthesis of indoles and benzofurans. Angew Chem Int Ed Engl 2011; 49:7958-62. [PMID: 20839211 DOI: 10.1002/anie.201004097] [Citation(s) in RCA: 52] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/11/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Myriam Yagoubi
- Department of Chemistry, University of Oxford, Chemistry Research Laboratory, Mansfield Road, Oxford, OX1 3TA UK
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361
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Saito T, Ogawa S, Takei N, Kutsumura N, Otani T. Palladium-Catalyzed Highly Regio- and Stereoselective Synthesis of 4-Alkylidene-4H-3,1-benzoxazines from N-Acyl-o-alkynylanilines. Org Lett 2011; 13:1098-101. [DOI: 10.1021/ol103130s] [Citation(s) in RCA: 53] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/30/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Takao Saito
- Department of Chemistry, Faculty of Science, Tokyo University of Science, Kagurazaka, Shinjuku-ku, Tokyo 162-8601, Japan
| | - Shohei Ogawa
- Department of Chemistry, Faculty of Science, Tokyo University of Science, Kagurazaka, Shinjuku-ku, Tokyo 162-8601, Japan
| | - Naoya Takei
- Department of Chemistry, Faculty of Science, Tokyo University of Science, Kagurazaka, Shinjuku-ku, Tokyo 162-8601, Japan
| | - Noriki Kutsumura
- Department of Chemistry, Faculty of Science, Tokyo University of Science, Kagurazaka, Shinjuku-ku, Tokyo 162-8601, Japan
| | - Takashi Otani
- Department of Chemistry, Faculty of Science, Tokyo University of Science, Kagurazaka, Shinjuku-ku, Tokyo 162-8601, Japan
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362
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Ackermann L, Kapdi AR, Fenner S, Kornhaaß C, Schulzke C. Well-Defined Air-Stable Palladium HASPO Complexes for Efficient Kumada-Corriu Cross-Couplings of (Hetero)Aryl or Alkenyl Tosylates. Chemistry 2011; 17:2965-71. [DOI: 10.1002/chem.201002386] [Citation(s) in RCA: 70] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/18/2010] [Indexed: 11/09/2022]
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363
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Johansen MB, Kerr MA. Direct functionalization of indoles: copper-catalyzed malonyl carbenoid insertions. Org Lett 2011; 12:4956-9. [PMID: 20936858 DOI: 10.1021/ol1020948] [Citation(s) in RCA: 71] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/28/2022]
Abstract
Indoles, when treated with dimethyl diazomalonate under catalysis by Cu(acac)(2), undergo C-H insertion reactions regioselectively depending on the substitution pattern on the indole moiety. Indoles where the 3-position is substituted give high yields of the C2-H insertion product. Microwave conditions are also disclosed which show comparable yields with reduced reaction times.
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Affiliation(s)
- Michael B Johansen
- Department of Chemistry, The University of Western Ontario, London, Ontario, Canada N6A 5B7
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364
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Fang Z, Fu C, Ma S. Studies on the Intermolecular Hydroarylation of N-Ts- or N-Ac-Protected Indoles and 2,3-Allenoates. European J Org Chem 2011. [DOI: 10.1002/ejoc.201001661] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/10/2022]
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365
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Potavathri S, Pereira KC, Gorelsky SI, Pike A, LeBris AP, DeBoef B. Regioselective oxidative arylation of indoles bearing N-alkyl protecting groups: dual C-H functionalization via a concerted metalation-deprotonation mechanism. J Am Chem Soc 2011; 132:14676-81. [PMID: 20863119 DOI: 10.1021/ja107159b] [Citation(s) in RCA: 239] [Impact Index Per Article: 18.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/11/2022]
Abstract
The most direct method for synthesizing 2-arylindoles is oxidative coupling of an arene with an indole. We have shown that both the activity and regioselectivity of this cross-coupling reaction are correlated with the acidity of the medium. This insight has been applied to predict the best conditions for the oxidative cross-coupling of N-alkylindoles, an important class of substrates that has heretofore been incompatible with the harsh conditions required for oxidative cross-coupling. Both experimental and computational data indicate that the mechanism for C-H palladation of both the indoles and simple arenes is best described as concerted metalation-deprotonation, regardless of the substitution on the arene.
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Affiliation(s)
- Shathaverdhan Potavathri
- Department of Chemistry, University of Rhode Island, 51 Lower College Road, Kingston, Rhode Island 02881, USA
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366
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Liu Q, Li G, Yi H, Wu P, Liu J, Lei A. Pd-catalyzed direct and selective C-H functionalization: C3-acetoxylation of indoles. Chemistry 2011; 17:2353-7. [PMID: 21254266 DOI: 10.1002/chem.201002547] [Citation(s) in RCA: 50] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/02/2010] [Indexed: 11/12/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Qiang Liu
- The College of Chemistry and Molecular Sciences, Wuhan University, Wuhan, Hubei, P.R. China
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367
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Wang ZJ, Yang F, Lv X, Bao W. Synthesis of Unsymmetrical 2,2′-Biindolyl Derivatives by a Cu-Catalyzed N-Arylation/Pd-Catalyzed Direct Arylation Sequential Process. J Org Chem 2011; 76:967-70. [DOI: 10.1021/jo101899a] [Citation(s) in RCA: 44] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/22/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Zhi-Jing Wang
- Department of Chemistry, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou 310028, P. R. China
| | - Fan Yang
- Department of Chemistry, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou 310028, P. R. China
| | - Xin Lv
- Zhejiang Key Laboratory for Reactive Chemistry on Solid Surfaces, College of Chemistry and Life Sciences, Zhejiang Normal University, Jinhua, Zhejiang, 321004, P. R. China
| | - Weiliang Bao
- Department of Chemistry, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou 310028, P. R. China
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368
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Layek M, Syam Kumar Y, Islam A, Karavarapu R, Sengupta A, Halder D, Mukkanti K, Pal M. Alkynylation of N-(3-iodopyridin-2-yl)sulfonamide under Pd/C–Cu catalysis: a direct one pot synthesis of 7-azaindoles and their pharmacological evaluation as potential inhibitors of sirtuins. MEDCHEMCOMM 2011. [DOI: 10.1039/c1md00029b] [Citation(s) in RCA: 23] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/21/2022]
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369
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Cacchi S, Fabrizi G, Goggiamani A. Copper catalysis in the construction of indole and benzo[b]furan rings. Org Biomol Chem 2011; 9:641-52. [DOI: 10.1039/c0ob00501k] [Citation(s) in RCA: 231] [Impact Index Per Article: 17.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/02/2023]
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370
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Pews-Davtyan A, Beller M. Efficient and simple zinc-mediated synthesis of 3-amidoindoles. Org Biomol Chem 2011; 9:6331-4. [DOI: 10.1039/c1ob05576c] [Citation(s) in RCA: 29] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/21/2022]
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371
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Xiang SK, Zhang B, Zhang LH, Cui Y, Jiao N. Morpholine catalyzed direct C3 alkenylation of indoles with α,β-unsaturated aldehydes. Chem Commun (Camb) 2011; 47:8097-9. [DOI: 10.1039/c1cc12220g] [Citation(s) in RCA: 53] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/21/2022]
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372
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Cacchi S, Fabrizi G, Goggiamani A, Sferrazza A. Heck reaction of arenediazonium salts with N,N-diprotected allylamines. Synthesis of cinnamylamines and indoles. Org Biomol Chem 2011; 9:1727-30. [DOI: 10.1039/c0ob01052a] [Citation(s) in RCA: 39] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/21/2022]
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373
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Ackermann L, Song W, Sandmann R. Nickel-catalyzed, base-mediated amination/hydroamination reaction sequence for a modular synthesis of indoles. J Organomet Chem 2011. [DOI: 10.1016/j.jorganchem.2010.08.047] [Citation(s) in RCA: 44] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/18/2022]
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374
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Potavathri S, Kantak A, DeBoef B. Increasing synthetic efficiency via direct C–H functionalization: formal synthesis of an inhibitor of botulinum neurotoxin. Chem Commun (Camb) 2011; 47:4679-81. [DOI: 10.1039/c1cc10755k] [Citation(s) in RCA: 25] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/21/2022]
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375
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Five-Membered Ring Systems. ACTA ACUST UNITED AC 2011. [DOI: 10.1016/s0959-6380(11)22006-3] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 04/05/2023]
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376
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Tan F, Li F, Zhang XX, Wang XF, Cheng HG, Chen JR, Xiao WJ. Brønsted acid catalyzed Diels–Alder reactions of 2-vinylindoles and 3-nitrocoumarins: an expedient synthesis of coumarin-fused tetrahydrocarbazoles. Tetrahedron 2011. [DOI: 10.1016/j.tet.2010.11.019] [Citation(s) in RCA: 28] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/30/2022]
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377
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Harrowven DC, Stenning KJ, Whiting S, Thompson T, Walton R. CH activation and CH2 double activation of indolines by radical translocation: Understanding the chemistry of the indolinyl radical. Org Biomol Chem 2011; 9:4882-5. [DOI: 10.1039/c1ob05527e] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/21/2022]
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378
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So CM, Lau CP, Kwong FY. Palladium-Catalyzed Direct Arylation of Heteroarenes with Aryl Mesylates. Chemistry 2010; 17:761-5. [DOI: 10.1002/chem.201002354] [Citation(s) in RCA: 85] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/16/2010] [Indexed: 11/06/2022]
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379
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Tobisu M, Fujihara H, Koh K, Chatani N. Synthesis of 2-boryl- and silylindoles by copper-catalyzed borylative and silylative cyclization of 2-alkenylaryl isocyanides. J Org Chem 2010; 75:4841-7. [PMID: 20557065 DOI: 10.1021/jo101024f] [Citation(s) in RCA: 115] [Impact Index Per Article: 8.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/30/2022]
Abstract
We have developed a method for the synthesis of 2-borylindoles via the copper(I)-catalyzed borylative cyclization of 2-alkenylphenyl isocyanides using diboronate. The reaction proceeds at room temperature under neutral conditions and exhibits high tolerance to functional groups, such as Br, CO(2)R, COR, CONMe(2), and CN. The 2-borylindoles synthesized in the present study can be elaborated into an array of indole-based derivatives, for example, through the Suzuki-Miyaura reaction. The utility of this method is demonstrated in the rapid synthesis of a kinase inhibitor, paullone. The reaction can be extended to the synthesis of 2-hydride indole and 2-silylindole by using hydroboronate (or hydrosilane) and silylboronate, respectively. Under these copper-catalyzed conditions, a quinoxaline ring system can also be constructed by using 1,2-isocyanobenzene as a substrate.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mamoru Tobisu
- Frontier Research Base for Global YoungResearchers, Graduate School of Engineering, Osaka University, Suita, Osaka 565-0871, Japan
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380
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Livendahl M, Echavarren AM. Palladium-Catalyzed Arylation Reactions: A Mechanistic Perspective. Isr J Chem 2010. [DOI: 10.1002/ijch.201000040] [Citation(s) in RCA: 70] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/12/2022]
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381
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Wang L, Han Z, Fan R. Selective C3C3 Oxidative Cross-Coupling between Unactivated Anilines and Indoles. Adv Synth Catal 2010. [DOI: 10.1002/adsc.201000603] [Citation(s) in RCA: 18] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/09/2022]
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382
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Ackermann L. Air-Stable Bifunctional HASPO Preligands for Metal-Catalyzed Cross-Couplings and Direct C-H Bond Arylations. Isr J Chem 2010. [DOI: 10.1002/ijch.201000043] [Citation(s) in RCA: 75] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/12/2022]
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383
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Joucla L, Batail N, Djakovitch L. “On Water” Direct and Site-Selective Pd-Catalysed CH Arylation of (NH)-Indoles. Adv Synth Catal 2010. [DOI: 10.1002/adsc.201000512] [Citation(s) in RCA: 135] [Impact Index Per Article: 9.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/02/2023]
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384
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Sanz R, Miguel D, Martínez A, Gohain M, García-García P, Fernández-Rodríguez MA, Álvarez E, Rodríguez F. Brønsted Acid Catalyzed Alkylation of Indoles with Tertiary Propargylic Alcohols: Scope and Limitations. European J Org Chem 2010. [DOI: 10.1002/ejoc.201001055] [Citation(s) in RCA: 57] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/08/2022]
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385
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386
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Pattison G, Piraux G, Lam HW. Enantioselective Rhodium-Catalyzed Addition of Arylboronic Acids to Alkenylheteroarenes. J Am Chem Soc 2010; 132:14373-5. [PMID: 20879736 DOI: 10.1021/ja106809p] [Citation(s) in RCA: 140] [Impact Index Per Article: 10.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/29/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Graham Pattison
- School of Chemistry, University of Edinburgh, Joseph Black Building, The King’s Buildings, West Mains Road, Edinburgh, EH9 3JJ, United Kingdom
| | - Guillaume Piraux
- School of Chemistry, University of Edinburgh, Joseph Black Building, The King’s Buildings, West Mains Road, Edinburgh, EH9 3JJ, United Kingdom
| | - Hon Wai Lam
- School of Chemistry, University of Edinburgh, Joseph Black Building, The King’s Buildings, West Mains Road, Edinburgh, EH9 3JJ, United Kingdom
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387
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388
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Pathak TP, Gligorich KM, Welm BE, Sigman MS. Synthesis and preliminary biological studies of 3-substituted indoles accessed by a palladium-catalyzed enantioselective alkene difunctionalization reaction. J Am Chem Soc 2010; 132:7870-1. [PMID: 20486685 DOI: 10.1021/ja103472a] [Citation(s) in RCA: 209] [Impact Index Per Article: 14.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/29/2022]
Abstract
A unique alkene difunctionalization reaction that allows rapid construction of molecular complexity around the biologically relevant indole framework has been developed. The reaction proceeds with up to 87% yield, 99:1 er, and >20:1 dr. Evaluation of several of the compounds revealed promising anticancer activity against MCF-7 cells.
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Affiliation(s)
- Tejas P Pathak
- Department of Chemistry, University of Utah, 315 South 1400 East, Salt Lake City, Utah 84112, USA
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389
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Li Y, Wang WH, Yang SD, Li BJ, Feng C, Shi ZJ. Oxidative dimerization of N-protected and free indole derivatives toward 3,3-biindoles via Pd-catalyzed direct C-H transformations. Chem Commun (Camb) 2010; 46:4553-5. [PMID: 20575177 DOI: 10.1039/c0cc00486c] [Citation(s) in RCA: 105] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/24/2022]
Abstract
An oxidative homo dimerization of N-protected and free indole derivatives toward bioactive 3,3-linked biindolyl scaffolds via Pd-catalyzed direct C-H transformations was first successfully demonstrated.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yang Li
- Beijing National Laboratory of Molecular Sciences (BNLMS) and Key Laboratory of Bioorganic Chemistry and Molecular Engineering of Ministry of Education, College of Chemistry, Peking University, Beijing 10087, China
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390
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Yagoubi M, Cruz ACF, Nichols PL, Elliott RL, Willis MC. Cascade Palladium-Catalyzed Direct Intramolecular Arylation/Alkene Isomerization Sequences: Synthesis of Indoles and Benzofurans. Angew Chem Int Ed Engl 2010. [DOI: 10.1002/ange.201004097] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/11/2022]
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391
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Barluenga J, Piedrafita M, Ballesteros A, Suárez‐Sobrino ÁL, González JM. Gold‐Catalyzed Annulations of 1‐(2,3‐Butadienyl)‐1
H
‐Indole Derivatives. Chemistry 2010; 16:11827-31. [DOI: 10.1002/chem.201001754] [Citation(s) in RCA: 51] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/10/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- José Barluenga
- Department of Organic and Inorganic Chemistry and Instituto Universitario de Química Organometálica “Enrique Moles”, Universidad de Oviedo, Julián Clavería 8, 33006 Oviedo (Spain), Fax: (+34) 98510‐3450
| | - María Piedrafita
- Department of Organic and Inorganic Chemistry and Instituto Universitario de Química Organometálica “Enrique Moles”, Universidad de Oviedo, Julián Clavería 8, 33006 Oviedo (Spain), Fax: (+34) 98510‐3450
| | - Alfredo Ballesteros
- Department of Organic and Inorganic Chemistry and Instituto Universitario de Química Organometálica “Enrique Moles”, Universidad de Oviedo, Julián Clavería 8, 33006 Oviedo (Spain), Fax: (+34) 98510‐3450
| | - Ángel L. Suárez‐Sobrino
- Department of Organic and Inorganic Chemistry and Instituto Universitario de Química Organometálica “Enrique Moles”, Universidad de Oviedo, Julián Clavería 8, 33006 Oviedo (Spain), Fax: (+34) 98510‐3450
| | - José M. González
- Department of Organic and Inorganic Chemistry and Instituto Universitario de Química Organometálica “Enrique Moles”, Universidad de Oviedo, Julián Clavería 8, 33006 Oviedo (Spain), Fax: (+34) 98510‐3450
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Chu JH, Lin PS, Wu MJ. Palladium(II)-Catalyzed Ortho Arylation of 2-Phenoxypyridines with Potassium Aryltrifluoroborates via C−H Functionalization. Organometallics 2010. [DOI: 10.1021/om100494p] [Citation(s) in RCA: 71] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/30/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Jean-Ho Chu
- Department of Chemistry, National Sun Yat-sen University, Kaohsiung, Taiwan 804, Republic of China
| | - Pi-Shan Lin
- Department of Chemistry, National Sun Yat-sen University, Kaohsiung, Taiwan 804, Republic of China
| | - Ming-Jung Wu
- Department of Chemistry, National Sun Yat-sen University, Kaohsiung, Taiwan 804, Republic of China
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393
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An XL, Chen JR, Li CF, Zhang FG, Zou YQ, Guo YC, Xiao WJ. Highly Efficient Route to Functionalized Tetrahydrocarbazoles Using a Tandem Cross-Metathesis/Intramolecular-Hydroarylation Sequence. Chem Asian J 2010; 5:2258-65. [DOI: 10.1002/asia.201000315] [Citation(s) in RCA: 40] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/06/2022]
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394
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García-Rubia A, Urones B, Gómez Arrayás R, Carretero J. PdII-Catalysed CH Functionalisation of Indoles and Pyrroles Assisted by the Removable N-(2-Pyridyl)sulfonyl Group: C2-Alkenylation and Dehydrogenative Homocoupling. Chemistry 2010; 16:9676-85. [DOI: 10.1002/chem.201001126] [Citation(s) in RCA: 171] [Impact Index Per Article: 12.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/06/2022]
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395
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Cacchi S, Fabrizi G, Goggiamani A, Perboni A, Sferrazza A, Stabile P. 2,3-Disubstituted Indoles via Palladium-Catalyzed Reaction of 2-Alkynyltrifluoroacetanilides with Arenediazonium Tetrafluoroborates. Org Lett 2010; 12:3279-81. [DOI: 10.1021/ol101321g] [Citation(s) in RCA: 85] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/28/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Sandro Cacchi
- Dipartimento di Chimica e Tecnologie del Farmaco, La Sapienza, Università di Roma, P.le A. Moro 5, 00185 Rome, Italy, and Chemical Development Department, GlaxoSmithKline, Via Fleming 4, 37135 Verona, Italy
| | - Giancarlo Fabrizi
- Dipartimento di Chimica e Tecnologie del Farmaco, La Sapienza, Università di Roma, P.le A. Moro 5, 00185 Rome, Italy, and Chemical Development Department, GlaxoSmithKline, Via Fleming 4, 37135 Verona, Italy
| | - Antonella Goggiamani
- Dipartimento di Chimica e Tecnologie del Farmaco, La Sapienza, Università di Roma, P.le A. Moro 5, 00185 Rome, Italy, and Chemical Development Department, GlaxoSmithKline, Via Fleming 4, 37135 Verona, Italy
| | - Alcide Perboni
- Dipartimento di Chimica e Tecnologie del Farmaco, La Sapienza, Università di Roma, P.le A. Moro 5, 00185 Rome, Italy, and Chemical Development Department, GlaxoSmithKline, Via Fleming 4, 37135 Verona, Italy
| | - Alessio Sferrazza
- Dipartimento di Chimica e Tecnologie del Farmaco, La Sapienza, Università di Roma, P.le A. Moro 5, 00185 Rome, Italy, and Chemical Development Department, GlaxoSmithKline, Via Fleming 4, 37135 Verona, Italy
| | - Paolo Stabile
- Dipartimento di Chimica e Tecnologie del Farmaco, La Sapienza, Università di Roma, P.le A. Moro 5, 00185 Rome, Italy, and Chemical Development Department, GlaxoSmithKline, Via Fleming 4, 37135 Verona, Italy
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Abstract
A method for regioselective cyanation of heterocycles has been developed. A number of aromatic heterocycles as well as azulene can be cyanated in reasonable to good yields by using a copper cyanide catalyst and an iodine oxidant.
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Affiliation(s)
- Do Hien-Quang
- Department of Chemistry, University of Houston, Houston, TX 77204-5003
| | - Olafs Daugulis
- Department of Chemistry, University of Houston, Houston, TX 77204-5003
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398
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Liégault B, Petrov I, Gorelsky SI, Fagnou K. Modulating reactivity and diverting selectivity in palladium-catalyzed heteroaromatic direct arylation through the use of a chloride activating/blocking group. J Org Chem 2010; 75:1047-60. [PMID: 20073523 DOI: 10.1021/jo902515z] [Citation(s) in RCA: 256] [Impact Index Per Article: 18.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/11/2022]
Abstract
Through the introduction of an aryl chloride substituent, the selectivity of palladium-catalyzed direct arylation may be diverted to provide alternative regioisomeric products in high yields. In cases where low reactivity is typically observed, the presence of the carbon-chlorine bond can serve to enhance reactivity and provide superior outcomes. From a strategic perspective, the C-Cl bond is easily introduced and can be employed in a variety of subsequent transformations to provide a wealth of highly functionalized heterocycles with minimal substrate preactivation. The impact of the C-Cl functional group on direct arylation reactivity has also been evaluated mechanistically, and the observed reactivity profiles correlate very well with that predicted by a concerted metalation-deprotonation pathway.
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Affiliation(s)
- Benoît Liégault
- Centre for Catalysis Research & Innovation, Department of Chemistry, University of Ottawa, 10 Marie Curie, Ottawa, Ontario K1N 6N5, Canada.
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399
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Zhou J, Hu P, Zhang M, Huang S, Wang M, Su W. A Versatile Catalyst for Intermolecular Direct Arylation of Indoles with Benzoic Acids as Arylating Reagents. Chemistry 2010; 16:5876-81. [DOI: 10.1002/chem.201000529] [Citation(s) in RCA: 161] [Impact Index Per Article: 11.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/08/2022]
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400
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Jafarpour F, Rahiminejadan S, Hazrati H. Triethanolamine-Mediated Palladium-Catalyzed Regioselective C-2 Direct Arylation of Free NH-Pyrroles. J Org Chem 2010; 75:3109-12. [DOI: 10.1021/jo902739n] [Citation(s) in RCA: 70] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/29/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Farnaz Jafarpour
- School of Chemistry, University College of Science, University of Tehran, P.O. Box 14155-6455, Tehran, Iran
| | - Soraya Rahiminejadan
- School of Chemistry, University College of Science, University of Tehran, P.O. Box 14155-6455, Tehran, Iran
| | - Hamideh Hazrati
- School of Chemistry, University College of Science, University of Tehran, P.O. Box 14155-6455, Tehran, Iran
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