351
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Zhang X, Bellan LM. Composites Formed from Thermoresponsive Polymers and Conductive Nanowires for Transient Electronic Systems. ACS APPLIED MATERIALS & INTERFACES 2017; 9:21991-21997. [PMID: 28585799 DOI: 10.1021/acsami.7b04748] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/07/2023]
Abstract
The disintegration of transient electronic systems after a preprogrammed time or a particular stimulus (e.g., water, light, or temperature) is fundamentally linked to the properties and behavior of the materials used for their construction. Herein, we demonstrate that polymers exhibiting lower critical solution temperature (LCST) behavior can work as thermoresponsive substrates for circuitry and that these materials can be coupled with conductive nanowires to form a transient electronics platform with unique, irreversible temperature-responsive behavior. The transient systems formed from composites of LCST polymers and conductive nanowires exhibit stable electrical performance in solution (Tsolution > LCST) for over 24 h until a cooling stimulus triggers a rapid (within 5 min) and gigantic (3-4 orders of magnitude) transition in electrical conductance due to polymer dissolution. Using a parylene mask, we are able to fabricate thermoresponsive electrical components, such as conductive traces and parallel-plate capacitors, demonstrating the versatility of this material and patterning technique. With this unique stimulus-responsive transient system and polymers with LCSTs above room temperature (e.g., poly(N-isopropylacrylamide), methyl cellulose), we have developed a platform in which a circuit requires a source of heat to remain viable and is destroyed and vanishes once this heat source is lost.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xin Zhang
- Department of Mechanical Engineering and ‡Department of Biomedical Engineering, Vanderbilt University , Nashville, Tennessee 37235, United States
| | - Leon M Bellan
- Department of Mechanical Engineering and ‡Department of Biomedical Engineering, Vanderbilt University , Nashville, Tennessee 37235, United States
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352
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Zheng Q, Shi B, Li Z, Wang ZL. Recent Progress on Piezoelectric and Triboelectric Energy Harvesters in Biomedical Systems. ADVANCED SCIENCE (WEINHEIM, BADEN-WURTTEMBERG, GERMANY) 2017; 4:1700029. [PMID: 28725529 PMCID: PMC5515112 DOI: 10.1002/advs.201700029] [Citation(s) in RCA: 146] [Impact Index Per Article: 20.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/18/2017] [Revised: 02/13/2017] [Indexed: 05/17/2023]
Abstract
Implantable medical devices (IMDs) have become indispensable medical tools for improving the quality of life and prolonging the patient's lifespan. The minimization and extension of lifetime are main challenges for the development of IMDs. Current innovative research on this topic is focused on internal charging using the energy generated by the physiological environment or natural body activity. To harvest biomechanical energy efficiently, piezoelectric and triboelectric energy harvesters with sophisticated structural and material design have been developed. Energy from body movement, muscle contraction/relaxation, cardiac/lung motions, and blood circulation is captured and used for powering medical devices. Other recent progress in this field includes using PENGs and TENGs for our cognition of the biological processes by biological pressure/strain sensing, or direct intervention of them for some special self-powered treatments. Future opportunities lie in the fabrication of intelligent, flexible, stretchable, and/or fully biodegradable self-powered medical systems for monitoring biological signals and treatment of various diseases in vitro and in vivo.
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Affiliation(s)
- Qiang Zheng
- Beijing Institute of Nanoenergy and NanosystemsChinese Academy of SciencesNational Center for Nanoscience and Technology (NCNST)Beijing100083P. R. China
| | - Bojing Shi
- Beijing Institute of Nanoenergy and NanosystemsChinese Academy of SciencesNational Center for Nanoscience and Technology (NCNST)Beijing100083P. R. China
| | - Zhou Li
- Beijing Institute of Nanoenergy and NanosystemsChinese Academy of SciencesNational Center for Nanoscience and Technology (NCNST)Beijing100083P. R. China
| | - Zhong Lin Wang
- School of Materials Science and Engineering Georgia Institute of TechnologyAtlantaGA30332
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353
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Shou W, Mahajan BK, Ludwig B, Yu X, Staggs J, Huang X, Pan H. Low-Cost Manufacturing of Bioresorbable Conductors by Evaporation-Condensation-Mediated Laser Printing and Sintering of Zn Nanoparticles. ADVANCED MATERIALS (DEERFIELD BEACH, FLA.) 2017; 29:1700172. [PMID: 28436054 DOI: 10.1002/adma.201700172] [Citation(s) in RCA: 20] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/09/2017] [Revised: 03/06/2017] [Indexed: 06/07/2023]
Abstract
Currently, bioresorbable electronic devices are predominantly fabricated by complex and expensive vacuum-based integrated circuit (IC) processes. Here, a low-cost manufacturing approach for bioresorbable conductors on bioresorbable polymer substrates by evaporation-condensation-mediated laser printing and sintering of Zn nanoparticle is reported. Laser sintering of Zn nanoparticles has been technically difficult due to the surface oxide on nanoparticles. To circumvent the surface oxide, a novel approach is discovered to print and sinter Zn nanoparticle facilitated by evaporation-condensation in confined domains. The printing process can be performed on low-temperature substrates in ambient environment allowing easy integration on a roll-to-roll platform for economical manufacturing of bioresorbable electronics. The fabricated Zn conductors show excellent electrical conductivity (≈1.124 × 106 S m-1 ), mechanical durability, and water dissolvability. Successful demonstration of strain gauges confirms the potential application in various environmentally friendly sensors and circuits.
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Affiliation(s)
- Wan Shou
- Department of Mechanical and Aerospace Engineering, Missouri University of Science and Technology, Rolla, MO, 65401, USA
| | - Bikram K Mahajan
- Department of Mechanical and Aerospace Engineering, Missouri University of Science and Technology, Rolla, MO, 65401, USA
| | - Brandon Ludwig
- Department of Mechanical and Aerospace Engineering, Missouri University of Science and Technology, Rolla, MO, 65401, USA
| | - Xiaowei Yu
- Department of Mechanical and Aerospace Engineering, Missouri University of Science and Technology, Rolla, MO, 65401, USA
| | - Joshua Staggs
- Department of Mechanical and Aerospace Engineering, Missouri University of Science and Technology, Rolla, MO, 65401, USA
| | - Xian Huang
- Department of Biomedical Engineering, Tianjin University, 92 Weijin Road, Tianjin, 300072, China
| | - Heng Pan
- Department of Mechanical and Aerospace Engineering, Missouri University of Science and Technology, Rolla, MO, 65401, USA
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354
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Materials and processing approaches for foundry-compatible transient electronics. Proc Natl Acad Sci U S A 2017; 114:E5522-E5529. [PMID: 28652373 DOI: 10.1073/pnas.1707849114] [Citation(s) in RCA: 44] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/18/2022] Open
Abstract
Foundry-based routes to transient silicon electronic devices have the potential to serve as the manufacturing basis for "green" electronic devices, biodegradable implants, hardware secure data storage systems, and unrecoverable remote devices. This article introduces materials and processing approaches that enable state-of-the-art silicon complementary metal-oxide-semiconductor (CMOS) foundries to be leveraged for high-performance, water-soluble forms of electronics. The key elements are (i) collections of biodegradable electronic materials (e.g., silicon, tungsten, silicon nitride, silicon dioxide) and device architectures that are compatible with manufacturing procedures currently used in the integrated circuit industry, (ii) release schemes and transfer printing methods for integration of multiple ultrathin components formed in this way onto biodegradable polymer substrates, and (iii) planarization and metallization techniques to yield interconnected and fully functional systems. Various CMOS devices and circuit elements created in this fashion and detailed measurements of their electrical characteristics highlight the capabilities. Accelerated dissolution studies in aqueous environments reveal the chemical kinetics associated with the underlying transient behaviors. The results demonstrate the technical feasibility for using foundry-based routes to sophisticated forms of transient electronic devices, with functional capabilities and cost structures that could support diverse applications in the biomedical, military, industrial, and consumer industries.
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355
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Wirthl D, Pichler R, Drack M, Kettlguber G, Moser R, Gerstmayr R, Hartmann F, Bradt E, Kaltseis R, Siket CM, Schausberger SE, Hild S, Bauer S, Kaltenbrunner M. Instant tough bonding of hydrogels for soft machines and electronics. SCIENCE ADVANCES 2017; 3:e1700053. [PMID: 28691092 PMCID: PMC5479648 DOI: 10.1126/sciadv.1700053] [Citation(s) in RCA: 203] [Impact Index Per Article: 29.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/05/2017] [Accepted: 05/05/2017] [Indexed: 05/18/2023]
Abstract
Introducing methods for instant tough bonding between hydrogels and antagonistic materials-from soft to hard-allows us to demonstrate elastic yet tough biomimetic devices and machines with a high level of complexity. Tough hydrogels strongly attach, within seconds, to plastics, elastomers, leather, bone, and metals, reaching unprecedented interfacial toughness exceeding 2000 J/m2. Healing of severed ionic hydrogel conductors becomes feasible and restores function instantly. Soft, transparent multilayered hybrids of elastomers and ionic hydrogels endure biaxial strain with more than 2000% increase in area, facilitating soft transducers, generators, and adaptive lenses. We demonstrate soft electronic devices, from stretchable batteries, self-powered compliant circuits, and autonomous electronic skin for triggered drug delivery. Our approach is applicable in rapid prototyping and in delicate environments inaccessible for extended curing and cross-linking.
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Affiliation(s)
- Daniela Wirthl
- Department of Soft Matter Physics, Johannes Kepler University Linz, Altenbergerstrasse 69, 4040 Linz, Austria
| | - Robert Pichler
- Department of Soft Matter Physics, Johannes Kepler University Linz, Altenbergerstrasse 69, 4040 Linz, Austria
| | - Michael Drack
- Department of Soft Matter Physics, Johannes Kepler University Linz, Altenbergerstrasse 69, 4040 Linz, Austria
| | - Gerald Kettlguber
- Department of Soft Matter Physics, Johannes Kepler University Linz, Altenbergerstrasse 69, 4040 Linz, Austria
| | - Richard Moser
- Department of Soft Matter Physics, Johannes Kepler University Linz, Altenbergerstrasse 69, 4040 Linz, Austria
| | - Robert Gerstmayr
- Institute of Polymer Science, Johannes Kepler University Linz, 4040 Linz, Austria
| | - Florian Hartmann
- Department of Soft Matter Physics, Johannes Kepler University Linz, Altenbergerstrasse 69, 4040 Linz, Austria
- Linz Institute of Technology, Soft Electronics Laboratory, Johannes Kepler University Linz, 4040 Linz, Austria
| | - Elke Bradt
- Institute of Polymer Science, Johannes Kepler University Linz, 4040 Linz, Austria
| | - Rainer Kaltseis
- Department of Soft Matter Physics, Johannes Kepler University Linz, Altenbergerstrasse 69, 4040 Linz, Austria
| | - Christian M. Siket
- Department of Soft Matter Physics, Johannes Kepler University Linz, Altenbergerstrasse 69, 4040 Linz, Austria
| | - Stefan E. Schausberger
- Department of Soft Matter Physics, Johannes Kepler University Linz, Altenbergerstrasse 69, 4040 Linz, Austria
| | - Sabine Hild
- Institute of Polymer Science, Johannes Kepler University Linz, 4040 Linz, Austria
| | - Siegfried Bauer
- Department of Soft Matter Physics, Johannes Kepler University Linz, Altenbergerstrasse 69, 4040 Linz, Austria
| | - Martin Kaltenbrunner
- Linz Institute of Technology, Soft Electronics Laboratory, Johannes Kepler University Linz, 4040 Linz, Austria
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356
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Rivnay J, Wang H, Fenno L, Deisseroth K, Malliaras GG. Next-generation probes, particles, and proteins for neural interfacing. SCIENCE ADVANCES 2017; 3:e1601649. [PMID: 28630894 PMCID: PMC5466371 DOI: 10.1126/sciadv.1601649] [Citation(s) in RCA: 224] [Impact Index Per Article: 32.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/18/2016] [Accepted: 04/18/2017] [Indexed: 05/18/2023]
Abstract
Bidirectional interfacing with the nervous system enables neuroscience research, diagnosis, and therapy. This two-way communication allows us to monitor the state of the brain and its composite networks and cells as well as to influence them to treat disease or repair/restore sensory or motor function. To provide the most stable and effective interface, the tools of the trade must bridge the soft, ion-rich, and evolving nature of neural tissue with the largely rigid, static realm of microelectronics and medical instruments that allow for readout, analysis, and/or control. In this Review, we describe how the understanding of neural signaling and material-tissue interactions has fueled the expansion of the available tool set. New probe architectures and materials, nanoparticles, dyes, and designer genetically encoded proteins push the limits of recording and stimulation lifetime, localization, and specificity, blurring the boundary between living tissue and engineered tools. Understanding these approaches, their modality, and the role of cross-disciplinary development will support new neurotherapies and prostheses and provide neuroscientists and neurologists with unprecedented access to the brain.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jonathan Rivnay
- Department of Biomedical Engineering, Northwestern University, Evanston, IL 60208, USA
- Palo Alto Research Center, Palo Alto, CA 94304, USA
- Corresponding author.
| | - Huiliang Wang
- Departments of Bioengineering and Psychiatry, Stanford University, Stanford, CA 94305, USA
| | - Lief Fenno
- Departments of Bioengineering and Psychiatry, Stanford University, Stanford, CA 94305, USA
| | - Karl Deisseroth
- Departments of Bioengineering and Psychiatry, Stanford University, Stanford, CA 94305, USA
| | - George G. Malliaras
- Department of Bioelectronics, École Nationale Supérieure des Mines, CMP-EMSE, MOC, Gardanne 13541, France
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357
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Song M, Seo J, Kim H, Kim Y. Ultrasensitive Multi-Functional Flexible Sensors Based on Organic Field-Effect Transistors with Polymer-Dispersed Liquid Crystal Sensing Layers. Sci Rep 2017; 7:2630. [PMID: 28572567 PMCID: PMC5453975 DOI: 10.1038/s41598-017-02160-x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 47] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/03/2016] [Accepted: 04/19/2017] [Indexed: 11/09/2022] Open
Abstract
Ultrasensitive flexible sensors with multi-sensing functions are required for various applications in flexible electronics era. Here we demonstrate flexible polymer-dispersed liquid crystal (PDLC)-integrated-organic field-effect transistors (OFETs) (PDLC-i-OFETs), which sensitively respond to various stimulations including weak gas (air) flow, direct physical touch, light, and heat. The flexible PDLC-i-OFETs were fabricated by spin-coating the poly(methyl methacrylate) (PMMA)-dispersed 4,4'-pentyl-cyanobiphenyl (5CB) layers on the poly(3-hexylthiophene) (P3HT) channel layers of OFETs with 200 μm-thick poly(ethylene naphthalate) (PEN) substrates. The flexible PDLC-i-OFET devices could sense very weak nitrogen gas flow (0.3 sccm), which cannot be felt by human skins, and stably responded to direct physical touches (0.6~4.8 g load). In addition, the present devices showed very sensitive photoresponses to a visible light and exhibited excellent heat-sensing characteristics at a temperature of 25~70 °C. In particular, the present flexible PDLC-i-OFET devices could sense two different stimulations at the same time, indicative of promising multi-sensing capabilities.
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Affiliation(s)
- Myeonghun Song
- Organic Nanoelectronics Laboratory and KNU Institute for Nanophotonics Applications, Department of Chemical Engineering, School of Applied Chemical Engineering, Kyungpook National University, Daegu, 41566, Republic of Korea
| | - Jooyeok Seo
- Organic Nanoelectronics Laboratory and KNU Institute for Nanophotonics Applications, Department of Chemical Engineering, School of Applied Chemical Engineering, Kyungpook National University, Daegu, 41566, Republic of Korea
| | - Hwajeong Kim
- Organic Nanoelectronics Laboratory and KNU Institute for Nanophotonics Applications, Department of Chemical Engineering, School of Applied Chemical Engineering, Kyungpook National University, Daegu, 41566, Republic of Korea.
- Priority Research Center, Research Institute of Advanced Energy Technology, Kyungpook National University, Daegu, 41566, Republic of Korea.
| | - Youngkyoo Kim
- Organic Nanoelectronics Laboratory and KNU Institute for Nanophotonics Applications, Department of Chemical Engineering, School of Applied Chemical Engineering, Kyungpook National University, Daegu, 41566, Republic of Korea.
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358
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Triggs GJ, Evans GJO, Krauss TF. Degradation of silicon photonic biosensors in cell culture media: analysis and prevention. BIOMEDICAL OPTICS EXPRESS 2017; 8:2924-2931. [PMID: 28663916 PMCID: PMC5480439 DOI: 10.1364/boe.8.002924] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/10/2017] [Revised: 03/17/2017] [Accepted: 03/21/2017] [Indexed: 06/07/2023]
Abstract
Silicon photonic biosensors are being widely researched as they combine high performance with the potential for low-cost mass-manufacturing. Sensing is typically performed in an aqueous environment and it is assumed that the sensor is chemically stable, as silicon is known to etch in strong alkaline solutions but not in liquids with a pH close to 7. Here, we show that silicon can be affected surprisingly strongly by typical cell culture media, and we observe etch rates of up to 2 nm/hour. We then demonstrate that a very thin (< 10 nm) layer of thermal oxide is sufficient to suppress the etching process and provide the long-term stability required for monitoring cells and related biological processes over extended periods of time. We also show that employing an additional pH buffering compound in the culture medium can significantly reduce the etch rate.
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359
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Mahajan BK, Yu X, Shou W, Pan H, Huang X. Mechanically Milled Irregular Zinc Nanoparticles for Printable Bioresorbable Electronics. SMALL (WEINHEIM AN DER BERGSTRASSE, GERMANY) 2017; 13:1700065. [PMID: 28218485 DOI: 10.1002/smll.201700065] [Citation(s) in RCA: 24] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/05/2017] [Indexed: 06/06/2023]
Abstract
Bioresorbable electronics is predominantly realized by complex and time-consuming anhydrous fabrication processes. New technology explores printable methods using inks containing micro- or nano-bioresorbable particles (e.g., Zn and Mg). However, these particles have seldom been obtained in the context of bioresorbable electronics using cheap, reliable, and effective approaches with limited study on properties essential to printable electronics. Here, irregular nanocrystalline Zn with controllable sizes and optimized electrical performance is obtained through ball milling approach using polyvinylpyrrolidone (PVP) as a process control agent to stabilize Zn particles and prevent cold welding. Time and PVP dependence of the ball milled particles are studied with systematic characterizations of morphology and composition of the nanoparticles. The results reveal crystallized Zn nanoparticles with a size of ≈34.834 ± 1.76 nm and low surface oxidation. The resulting Zn nanoparticles can be readily printed onto bioresorbable substrates and sintered at room temperature using a photonic sintering approach, leading to a high conductivity of 44 643 S m-1 for printable zinc nanoparticles. The techniques to obtain Zn nanoparticles through ball milling and processing them through photonic sintering may potentially lead to a mass fabrication method for bioresorbable electronics and promote its applications in healthcare, environmental protection, and consumer electronics.
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Affiliation(s)
- Bikram K Mahajan
- Department of Mechanical Engineering, Missouri University of Science and Technology, 400 West 13th Street, Rolla, MO, 65401, USA
| | - Xiaowei Yu
- Department of Mechanical Engineering, Missouri University of Science and Technology, 400 West 13th Street, Rolla, MO, 65401, USA
| | - Wan Shou
- Department of Mechanical Engineering, Missouri University of Science and Technology, 400 West 13th Street, Rolla, MO, 65401, USA
| | - Heng Pan
- Department of Mechanical Engineering, Missouri University of Science and Technology, 400 West 13th Street, Rolla, MO, 65401, USA
| | - Xian Huang
- Department of Biomedical Engineering, Tianjin University, 92 Weijin Road, Tianjin, 300072, China
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360
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Biocompatible and totally disintegrable semiconducting polymer for ultrathin and ultralightweight transient electronics. Proc Natl Acad Sci U S A 2017; 114:5107-5112. [PMID: 28461459 DOI: 10.1073/pnas.1701478114] [Citation(s) in RCA: 172] [Impact Index Per Article: 24.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/18/2022] Open
Abstract
Increasing performance demands and shorter use lifetimes of consumer electronics have resulted in the rapid growth of electronic waste. Currently, consumer electronics are typically made with nondecomposable, nonbiocompatible, and sometimes even toxic materials, leading to serious ecological challenges worldwide. Here, we report an example of totally disintegrable and biocompatible semiconducting polymers for thin-film transistors. The polymer consists of reversible imine bonds and building blocks that can be easily decomposed under mild acidic conditions. In addition, an ultrathin (800-nm) biodegradable cellulose substrate with high chemical and thermal stability is developed. Coupled with iron electrodes, we have successfully fabricated fully disintegrable and biocompatible polymer transistors. Furthermore, disintegrable and biocompatible pseudo-complementary metal-oxide-semiconductor (CMOS) flexible circuits are demonstrated. These flexible circuits are ultrathin (<1 μm) and ultralightweight (∼2 g/m2) with low operating voltage (4 V), yielding potential applications of these disintegrable semiconducting polymers in low-cost, biocompatible, and ultralightweight transient electronics.
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361
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Du K, Ding J, Liu Y, Wathuthanthri I, Choi CH. Stencil Lithography for Scalable Micro- and Nanomanufacturing. MICROMACHINES 2017. [PMCID: PMC6189734 DOI: 10.3390/mi8040131] [Citation(s) in RCA: 35] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/16/2022]
Abstract
In this paper, we review the current development of stencil lithography for scalable micro- and nanomanufacturing as a resistless and reusable patterning technique. We first introduce the motivation and advantages of stencil lithography for large-area micro- and nanopatterning. Then we review the progress of using rigid membranes such as SiNx and Si as stencil masks as well as stacking layers. We also review the current use of flexible membranes including a compliant SiNx membrane with springs, polyimide film, polydimethylsiloxane (PDMS) layer, and photoresist-based membranes as stencil lithography masks to address problems such as blurring and non-planar surface patterning. Moreover, we discuss the dynamic stencil lithography technique, which significantly improves the patterning throughput and speed by moving the stencil over the target substrate during deposition. Lastly, we discuss the future advancement of stencil lithography for a resistless, reusable, scalable, and programmable nanolithography method.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ke Du
- Department of Mechanical Engineering, Stevens Institute of Technology, Hoboken, NJ 07030, USA; (K.D.); (J.D.); (Y.L.); (I.W.)
- Department of Chemistry, University of California, Berkeley, CA 94720, USA
| | - Junjun Ding
- Department of Mechanical Engineering, Stevens Institute of Technology, Hoboken, NJ 07030, USA; (K.D.); (J.D.); (Y.L.); (I.W.)
| | - Yuyang Liu
- Department of Mechanical Engineering, Stevens Institute of Technology, Hoboken, NJ 07030, USA; (K.D.); (J.D.); (Y.L.); (I.W.)
| | - Ishan Wathuthanthri
- Department of Mechanical Engineering, Stevens Institute of Technology, Hoboken, NJ 07030, USA; (K.D.); (J.D.); (Y.L.); (I.W.)
- Northrop Grumman Mission Systems, Advanced Technology Labs, Linthicum, MD 21090, USA
| | - Chang-Hwan Choi
- Department of Mechanical Engineering, Stevens Institute of Technology, Hoboken, NJ 07030, USA; (K.D.); (J.D.); (Y.L.); (I.W.)
- Correspondence: ; Tel.: +1-201-216-5579
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362
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Gao Y, Sim K, Yan X, Jiang J, Xie J, Yu C. Thermally Triggered Mechanically Destructive Electronics Based On Electrospun Poly(ε-caprolactone) Nanofibrous Polymer Films. Sci Rep 2017; 7:947. [PMID: 28424469 PMCID: PMC5430441 DOI: 10.1038/s41598-017-01026-6] [Citation(s) in RCA: 21] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/23/2016] [Accepted: 03/23/2017] [Indexed: 11/09/2022] Open
Abstract
Electronics, which functions for a designed time period and then degrades or destructs, holds promise in medical implants, reconfigurable electronic devices and/or temporary functional systems. Here we report a thermally triggered mechanically destructive device, which is constructed with an ultra-thin electronic components supported by an electrospun poly(ε-caprolactone) nanofibrous polymer substrate. Upon heated over the melting temperature of the polymer, the pores of the nanofibers collapse due to the nanofibers' microscopic polymer chain relaxing and packing. As a result, the polymer substrate exhibits approximately 97.5% area reduction. Ultra-thin electronic components can therefore be destructed concurrently. Furthermore, by integrating a thin resistive heater as the thermal trigger of Joule heating, the device is able to on-demand destruct. The experiment and analytical results illustrate the essential aspects and theoretical understanding for the thermally triggered mechanical destructive devices. The strategy suggests a viable route for designing destructive electronics.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yang Gao
- Department of Mechanical Engineering, University of Houston, Houston, TX 77204, USA. .,School of Mechanical and Power Engineering, East China University of Science and Technology, Shanghai, 200237, China.
| | - Kyoseung Sim
- Materials Science and Engineering Program, University of Houston, Houston, TX 77204, USA
| | - Xin Yan
- Department of Mechanical Engineering, University of Houston, Houston, TX 77204, USA
| | - Jiang Jiang
- Department of Surgery, Mary & Dick Holland Regenerative Medicine Program, University of Nebraska Medical Center, Omaha, NE 68198, USA
| | - Jingwei Xie
- Department of Surgery, Mary & Dick Holland Regenerative Medicine Program, University of Nebraska Medical Center, Omaha, NE 68198, USA
| | - Cunjiang Yu
- Department of Mechanical Engineering, University of Houston, Houston, TX 77204, USA. .,Materials Science and Engineering Program, University of Houston, Houston, TX 77204, USA. .,Department of Electrical and Computer Engineering, University of Houston, Houston, TX 77204, USA.
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363
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Huang W, Ebrahimi D, Dinjaski N, Tarakanova A, Buehler MJ, Wong JY, Kaplan DL. Synergistic Integration of Experimental and Simulation Approaches for the de Novo Design of Silk-Based Materials. Acc Chem Res 2017; 50:866-876. [PMID: 28191922 DOI: 10.1021/acs.accounts.6b00616] [Citation(s) in RCA: 37] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/21/2022]
Abstract
Tailored biomaterials with tunable functional properties are crucial for a variety of task-specific applications ranging from healthcare to sustainable, novel bio-nanodevices. To generate polymeric materials with predictive functional outcomes, exploiting designs from nature while morphing them toward non-natural systems offers an important strategy. Silks are Nature's building blocks and are produced by arthropods for a variety of uses that are essential for their survival. Due to the genetic control of encoded protein sequence, mechanical properties, biocompatibility, and biodegradability, silk proteins have been selected as prototype models to emulate for the tunable designs of biomaterial systems. The bottom up strategy of material design opens important opportunities to create predictive functional outcomes, following the exquisite polymeric templates inspired by silks. Recombinant DNA technology provides a systematic approach to recapitulate, vary, and evaluate the core structure peptide motifs in silks and then biosynthesize silk-based polymers by design. Post-biosynthesis processing allows for another dimension of material design by controlled or assisted assembly. Multiscale modeling, from the theoretical prospective, provides strategies to explore interactions at different length scales, leading to selective material properties. Synergy among experimental and modeling approaches can provide new and more rapid insights into the most appropriate structure-function relationships to pursue while also furthering our understanding in terms of the range of silk-based systems that can be generated. This approach utilizes nature as a blueprint for initial polymer designs with useful functions (e.g., silk fibers) but also employs modeling-guided experiments to expand the initial polymer designs into new domains of functional materials that do not exist in nature. The overall path to these new functional outcomes is greatly accelerated via the integration of modeling with experiment. In this Account, we summarize recent advances in understanding and functionalization of silk-based protein systems, with a focus on the integration of simulation and experiment for biopolymer design. Spider silk was selected as an exemplary protein to address the fundamental challenges in polymer designs, including specific insights into the role of molecular weight, hydrophobic/hydrophilic partitioning, and shear stress for silk fiber formation. To expand current silk designs toward biointerfaces and stimuli responsive materials, peptide modules from other natural proteins were added to silk designs to introduce new functions, exploiting the modular nature of silk proteins and fibrous proteins in general. The integrated approaches explored suggest that protein folding, silk volume fraction, and protein amino acid sequence changes (e.g., mutations) are critical factors for functional biomaterial designs. In summary, the integrated modeling-experimental approach described in this Account suggests a more rationally directed and more rapid method for the design of polymeric materials. It is expected that this combined use of experimental and computational approaches has a broad applicability not only for silk-based systems, but also for other polymer and composite materials.
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Affiliation(s)
- Wenwen Huang
- Department
of Biomedical Engineering, Tufts University, 4 Colby Street, Medford, Massachusetts 02155, United States
| | - Davoud Ebrahimi
- Laboratory
for Atomistic and Molecular Mechanics (LAMM), Department of Civil
and Environmental Engineering, Massachusetts Institute of Technology, Cambridge, Massachusetts 02139, United States
| | - Nina Dinjaski
- Department
of Biomedical Engineering, Tufts University, 4 Colby Street, Medford, Massachusetts 02155, United States
| | - Anna Tarakanova
- Laboratory
for Atomistic and Molecular Mechanics (LAMM), Department of Civil
and Environmental Engineering, Massachusetts Institute of Technology, Cambridge, Massachusetts 02139, United States
| | - Markus J. Buehler
- Laboratory
for Atomistic and Molecular Mechanics (LAMM), Department of Civil
and Environmental Engineering, Massachusetts Institute of Technology, Cambridge, Massachusetts 02139, United States
| | - Joyce Y. Wong
- Department
of Biomedical Engineering, Boston University, 44 Cummington Street, Boston, Massachusetts 02215, United States
| | - David L. Kaplan
- Department
of Biomedical Engineering, Tufts University, 4 Colby Street, Medford, Massachusetts 02155, United States
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364
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Polymers with autonomous life-cycle control. Nature 2017; 540:363-370. [PMID: 27974778 DOI: 10.1038/nature21002] [Citation(s) in RCA: 182] [Impact Index Per Article: 26.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/11/2016] [Accepted: 10/12/2016] [Indexed: 12/21/2022]
Abstract
The lifetime of man-made materials is controlled largely by the wear and tear of everyday use, environmental stress and unexpected damage, which ultimately lead to failure and disposal. Smart materials that mimic the ability of living systems to autonomously protect, report, heal and even regenerate in response to damage could increase the lifetime, safety and sustainability of many manufactured items. There are several approaches to achieving these functions using polymer-based materials, but making them work in highly variable, real-world situations is proving challenging.
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365
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Root SE, Savagatrup S, Printz AD, Rodriquez D, Lipomi DJ. Mechanical Properties of Organic Semiconductors for Stretchable, Highly Flexible, and Mechanically Robust Electronics. Chem Rev 2017; 117:6467-6499. [DOI: 10.1021/acs.chemrev.7b00003] [Citation(s) in RCA: 465] [Impact Index Per Article: 66.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/27/2023]
Affiliation(s)
- Samuel E. Root
- Department of NanoEngineering, University of California, San Diego, 9500 Gilman Drive, Mail Code 0448, La Jolla, California 92093-0448, United States
| | - Suchol Savagatrup
- Department of NanoEngineering, University of California, San Diego, 9500 Gilman Drive, Mail Code 0448, La Jolla, California 92093-0448, United States
| | - Adam D. Printz
- Department of NanoEngineering, University of California, San Diego, 9500 Gilman Drive, Mail Code 0448, La Jolla, California 92093-0448, United States
| | - Daniel Rodriquez
- Department of NanoEngineering, University of California, San Diego, 9500 Gilman Drive, Mail Code 0448, La Jolla, California 92093-0448, United States
| | - Darren J. Lipomi
- Department of NanoEngineering, University of California, San Diego, 9500 Gilman Drive, Mail Code 0448, La Jolla, California 92093-0448, United States
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366
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Min K, Umar M, Ryu S, Lee S, Kim S. Silk protein as a new optically transparent adhesion layer for an ultra-smooth sub-10 nm gold layer. NANOTECHNOLOGY 2017; 28:115201. [PMID: 28102832 DOI: 10.1088/1361-6528/aa5aaa] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/06/2023]
Abstract
Ultra-thin and ultra-smooth gold (Au) films are appealing for photonic applications including surface plasmon resonances and transparent contacts. However, poor adhesion at the Au-dielectric interface prohibits the formation of a mechanically stable, ultra-thin, and ultra-smooth Au film. A conventional solution is to use a metallic adhesion layer, such as titanium and chromium, however such layers cause the optical properties of pure Au to deteriorate. Here we report the use of silk protein to enhance the adhesion at the Au-dielectric interface, thus obtaining ultra-smooth sub-10 nm Au films. The Au films that were deposited onto the silk layer exhibited superior surface roughness to those deposited on SiO2, Si, and poly(methyl methacrylate), along with improved adhesion, electrical conductivity, and optical transparency. Additionally, we confirm that a metal-insulator-metal optical resonator can be successfully generated using a silk insulating layer without the use of a metallic adhesion layer.
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Affiliation(s)
- Kyungtaek Min
- Department of Energy Systems Research, Ajou University, Suwon 16499, Republic of Korea
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367
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Memic A, Aldhahri M, Tamayol A, Mostafalu P, Abdel-Wahab MS, Samandari M, Moghaddam KM, Annabi N, Bencherif SA, Khademhosseini A. Nanofibrous Silver-Coated Polymeric Scaffolds with Tunable Electrical Properties. NANOMATERIALS 2017; 7:nano7030063. [PMID: 28336896 PMCID: PMC5388165 DOI: 10.3390/nano7030063] [Citation(s) in RCA: 17] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/02/2017] [Revised: 03/04/2017] [Accepted: 03/09/2017] [Indexed: 01/06/2023]
Abstract
Electrospun micro- and nanofibrous poly(glycerol sebacate)-poly(ε-caprolactone) (PGS-PCL) substrates have been extensively used as scaffolds for engineered tissues due to their desirable mechanical properties and their tunable degradability. In this study, we fabricated micro/nanofibrous scaffolds from a PGS-PCL composite using a standard electrospinning approach and then coated them with silver (Ag) using a custom radio frequency (RF) sputtering method. The Ag coating formed an electrically conductive layer around the fibers and decreased the pore size. The thickness of the Ag coating could be controlled, thereby tailoring the conductivity of the substrate. The flexible, stretchable patches formed excellent conformal contact with surrounding tissues and possessed excellent pattern-substrate fidelity. In vitro studies confirmed the platform’s biocompatibility and biodegradability. Finally, the potential controlled release of the Ag coating from the composite fibrous scaffolds could be beneficial for many clinical applications.
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Affiliation(s)
- Adnan Memic
- Center of Nanotechnology, King Abdulaziz University, Jeddah 21569, Saudi Arabia.
| | - Musab Aldhahri
- Center of Nanotechnology, King Abdulaziz University, Jeddah 21569, Saudi Arabia.
- Department of Biochemistry, King Abdulaziz University, Jeddah 21569, Saudi Arabia.
| | - Ali Tamayol
- Biomaterials Innovation Research Center (BIRC), Department of Medicine, Brigham and Women's Hospital, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA 02139, USA.
- Harvard-MIT Division of Health Sciences and Technology, Massachusetts Institute of Technology, Cambridge, MA 02139, USA.
- Wyss Institute for Biologically Inspired Engineering, Harvard University, Boston, MA 02115, USA.
| | - Pooria Mostafalu
- Biomaterials Innovation Research Center (BIRC), Department of Medicine, Brigham and Women's Hospital, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA 02139, USA.
- Harvard-MIT Division of Health Sciences and Technology, Massachusetts Institute of Technology, Cambridge, MA 02139, USA.
- Wyss Institute for Biologically Inspired Engineering, Harvard University, Boston, MA 02115, USA.
| | | | - Mohamadmahdi Samandari
- Biomaterials Innovation Research Center (BIRC), Department of Medicine, Brigham and Women's Hospital, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA 02139, USA.
- Harvard-MIT Division of Health Sciences and Technology, Massachusetts Institute of Technology, Cambridge, MA 02139, USA.
| | - Kamyar Mollazadeh Moghaddam
- Biomaterials Innovation Research Center (BIRC), Department of Medicine, Brigham and Women's Hospital, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA 02139, USA.
- Harvard-MIT Division of Health Sciences and Technology, Massachusetts Institute of Technology, Cambridge, MA 02139, USA.
| | - Nasim Annabi
- Biomaterials Innovation Research Center (BIRC), Department of Medicine, Brigham and Women's Hospital, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA 02139, USA.
- Harvard-MIT Division of Health Sciences and Technology, Massachusetts Institute of Technology, Cambridge, MA 02139, USA.
- Department of Chemical Engineering, Northeastern University, Boston, MA 02115-5000, USA.
| | - Sidi A Bencherif
- Department of Chemical Engineering, Northeastern University, Boston, MA 02115-5000, USA.
- Sorbonne University, UTC CNRS UMR 7338, Biomechanics and Bioengineering (BMBI), University of Technology of Compiègne, BP 20529, Rue Personne de Roberval, 60205 Compiègne, France.
- School of Engineering and Applied Sciences, Harvard University, Cambridge, MA 02138, USA.
| | - Ali Khademhosseini
- Center of Nanotechnology, King Abdulaziz University, Jeddah 21569, Saudi Arabia.
- Biomaterials Innovation Research Center (BIRC), Department of Medicine, Brigham and Women's Hospital, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA 02139, USA.
- Harvard-MIT Division of Health Sciences and Technology, Massachusetts Institute of Technology, Cambridge, MA 02139, USA.
- Wyss Institute for Biologically Inspired Engineering, Harvard University, Boston, MA 02115, USA.
- Department of Bioindustrial Technologies, College of Animal Bioscience and Technology, Konkuk University, Seoul 05029, Korea.
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368
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Tseng P, Zhao S, Golding A, Applegate MB, Mitropoulos AN, Kaplan DL, Omenetto FG. Evaluation of Silk Inverse Opals for "Smart" Tissue Culture. ACS OMEGA 2017; 2:470-477. [PMID: 30023608 PMCID: PMC6044746 DOI: 10.1021/acsomega.6b00320] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/17/2016] [Accepted: 12/27/2016] [Indexed: 05/20/2023]
Abstract
Visually tracking the subtle aspects of biological systems in real time during tissue culture remains challenging. Herein, we demonstrate the use of bioactive, cytocompatible, and biodegradable inverse opals from silk as a multifunctional substrate to transduce both the optical information and cells during tissue culture. We show that these substrates can visually track substrate degradation in various proteases during tissue digestion and protein deposition during the growth of mesenchymal stem cells. Uniquely, these substrates can be integrated in multiple steps of tissue culture for simple-to-use, visual, and quantitative detectors of bioactivity. These substrates can also be doped, demonstrated here with gold nanoparticles, to allow additional control of cell functions.
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Affiliation(s)
- Peter Tseng
- Silklab, Tufts University, 200 Boston Avenue, Suite 4875, Medford, Massachusetts 02155, United States
| | - Siwei Zhao
- Department of Biomedical Engineering, Department of Electrical and Computer
Engineering, Department of Physics, and Department of Chemical Engineering, Tufts University, Medford, Massachusetts 02155, United States
| | - Annie Golding
- Department of Biomedical Engineering, Department of Electrical and Computer
Engineering, Department of Physics, and Department of Chemical Engineering, Tufts University, Medford, Massachusetts 02155, United States
| | - Matthew B. Applegate
- Silklab, Tufts University, 200 Boston Avenue, Suite 4875, Medford, Massachusetts 02155, United States
| | - Alexander N. Mitropoulos
- Department of Biomedical Engineering, Department of Electrical and Computer
Engineering, Department of Physics, and Department of Chemical Engineering, Tufts University, Medford, Massachusetts 02155, United States
| | - David L. Kaplan
- Silklab, Tufts University, 200 Boston Avenue, Suite 4875, Medford, Massachusetts 02155, United States
- Department of Biomedical Engineering, Department of Electrical and Computer
Engineering, Department of Physics, and Department of Chemical Engineering, Tufts University, Medford, Massachusetts 02155, United States
| | - Fiorenzo G. Omenetto
- Silklab, Tufts University, 200 Boston Avenue, Suite 4875, Medford, Massachusetts 02155, United States
- Department of Biomedical Engineering, Department of Electrical and Computer
Engineering, Department of Physics, and Department of Chemical Engineering, Tufts University, Medford, Massachusetts 02155, United States
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369
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Fisichella G, Lo Verso S, Di Marco S, Vinciguerra V, Schilirò E, Di Franco S, Lo Nigro R, Roccaforte F, Zurutuza A, Centeno A, Ravesi S, Giannazzo F. Advances in the fabrication of graphene transistors on flexible substrates. BEILSTEIN JOURNAL OF NANOTECHNOLOGY 2017; 8:467-474. [PMID: 28326237 PMCID: PMC5331250 DOI: 10.3762/bjnano.8.50] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/15/2016] [Accepted: 01/24/2017] [Indexed: 05/29/2023]
Abstract
Graphene is an ideal candidate for next generation applications as a transparent electrode for electronics on plastic due to its flexibility and the conservation of electrical properties upon deformation. More importantly, its field-effect tunable carrier density, high mobility and saturation velocity make it an appealing choice as a channel material for field-effect transistors (FETs) for several potential applications. As an example, properly designed and scaled graphene FETs (Gr-FETs) can be used for flexible high frequency (RF) electronics or for high sensitivity chemical sensors. Miniaturized and flexible Gr-FET sensors would be highly advantageous for current sensors technology for in vivo and in situ applications. In this paper, we report a wafer-scale processing strategy to fabricate arrays of back-gated Gr-FETs on poly(ethylene naphthalate) (PEN) substrates. These devices present a large-area graphene channel fully exposed to the external environment, in order to be suitable for sensing applications, and the channel conductivity is efficiently modulated by a buried gate contact under a thin Al2O3 insulating film. In order to be compatible with the use of the PEN substrate, optimized deposition conditions of the Al2O3 film by plasma-enhanced atomic layer deposition (PE-ALD) at a low temperature (100 °C) have been developed without any relevant degradation of the final dielectric performance.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Stella Lo Verso
- STMicroelectronics, Stradale Primosole 50, 95121 Catania, Italy
| | | | | | | | | | | | | | - Amaia Zurutuza
- Graphenea, Tolosa Hiribidea 76, Donostia-San Sebastian, Spain
| | - Alba Centeno
- Graphenea, Tolosa Hiribidea 76, Donostia-San Sebastian, Spain
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370
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Landi G, Sorrentino A, Iannace S, Neitzert HC. Differences between graphene and graphene oxide in gelatin based systems for transient biodegradable energy storage applications. NANOTECHNOLOGY 2017; 28:054005. [PMID: 28029106 DOI: 10.1088/1361-6528/28/5/054005] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/06/2023]
Abstract
A comparison between graphene flakes and graphene oxide as filler in gelatin based systems for low-cost transient biodegradable energy storage applications has been carried out. The two bio-composites have been prepared and characterized by rheological measurements, cyclic voltammetry measurements, chronopotentiometry measurements and impedance spectroscopy. Differences in dielectric and mechanical properties have been correlated to the different structural organizations determinate by the hydrophobic/hydrophilic character of the used filler. In particular, the addition of the graphene oxide to the gelatin causes an increase in the elastic modulus with a parallel increase in the mechanical stability with time as compared to the composites obtained by adding graphene. Conversely, the surface capacitance is slightly increased by the graphene oxide addition compared to the pure gelatin sample. On the other hand, the introduction of the graphene flakes into the gelatin leads to a marked increase of the dielectric properties of the resulting bio-composite.
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Affiliation(s)
- G Landi
- Department of Industrial Engineering, University of Salerno, Via G. Paolo II 132, 84084 Fisciano (SA), Italy. Institute for Polymers, Composites and Biomaterials (IPCB-CNR), Piazzale Enrico Fermi 1, 80055 Portici (NA), Italy
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371
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Park KS, Baek J, Park Y, Lee L, Hyon J, Koo Lee YE, Shrestha NK, Kang Y, Sung MM. Heterogeneous Monolithic Integration of Single-Crystal Organic Materials. ADVANCED MATERIALS (DEERFIELD BEACH, FLA.) 2017; 29:1603285. [PMID: 27885700 DOI: 10.1002/adma.201603285] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/22/2016] [Revised: 08/05/2016] [Indexed: 06/06/2023]
Abstract
Manufacturing high-performance organic electronic circuits requires the effective heterogeneous integration of different nanoscale organic materials with uniform morphology and high crystallinity in a desired arrangement. In particular, the development of high-performance organic electronic and optoelectronic devices relies on high-quality single crystals that show optimal intrinsic charge-transport properties and electrical performance. Moreover, the heterogeneous integration of organic materials on a single substrate in a monolithic way is highly demanded for the production of fundamental organic electronic components as well as complex integrated circuits. Many of the various methods that have been designed to pattern multiple heterogeneous organic materials on a substrate and the heterogeneous integration of organic single crystals with their crystal growth are described here. Critical issues that have been encountered in the development of high-performance organic integrated electronics are also addressed.
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Affiliation(s)
- Kyung Sun Park
- Department of Chemistry, Hanyang University, Seoul, 04763, Korea
| | - Jangmi Baek
- Department of Chemistry, Hanyang University, Seoul, 04763, Korea
| | - Yoonkyung Park
- Department of Chemistry, Hanyang University, Seoul, 04763, Korea
| | - Lynn Lee
- Department of Chemistry, Hanyang University, Seoul, 04763, Korea
| | - Jinho Hyon
- Department of Chemistry, Hanyang University, Seoul, 04763, Korea
| | - Yong-Eun Koo Lee
- Department of Chemistry, Hanyang University, Seoul, 04763, Korea
| | | | - Youngjong Kang
- Department of Chemistry, Hanyang University, Seoul, 04763, Korea
| | - Myung Mo Sung
- Department of Chemistry, Hanyang University, Seoul, 04763, Korea
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372
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Liang Q, Zhang Q, Yan X, Liao X, Han L, Yi F, Ma M, Zhang Y. Recyclable and Green Triboelectric Nanogenerator. ADVANCED MATERIALS (DEERFIELD BEACH, FLA.) 2017; 29:1604961. [PMID: 27885725 DOI: 10.1002/adma.201604961] [Citation(s) in RCA: 24] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/14/2016] [Revised: 10/16/2016] [Indexed: 05/24/2023]
Abstract
A recyclable and green triboelectronic nanogenerator (TENG) is developed based on triboelectrification and designed cascade reactions. Once triggered by water, the TENG can fully dissolve and degrade into environmentally benign end products. With features of rapid dissolution, reproductivity, and green electronic, the TENG has potential of serving as clearable energy harvester and nanosensor for health monitoring and motion sensing.
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Affiliation(s)
- Qijie Liang
- State Key Laboratory for Advanced Metals and Materials, School of Materials Science and Engineering, University of Science and Technology Beijing, Beijing, 100083, China
| | - Qian Zhang
- State Key Laboratory for Advanced Metals and Materials, School of Materials Science and Engineering, University of Science and Technology Beijing, Beijing, 100083, China
| | - Xiaoqin Yan
- State Key Laboratory for Advanced Metals and Materials, School of Materials Science and Engineering, University of Science and Technology Beijing, Beijing, 100083, China
| | - Xinqin Liao
- State Key Laboratory for Advanced Metals and Materials, School of Materials Science and Engineering, University of Science and Technology Beijing, Beijing, 100083, China
| | - Linhong Han
- State Key Laboratory for Advanced Metals and Materials, School of Materials Science and Engineering, University of Science and Technology Beijing, Beijing, 100083, China
| | - Fang Yi
- State Key Laboratory for Advanced Metals and Materials, School of Materials Science and Engineering, University of Science and Technology Beijing, Beijing, 100083, China
| | - Mingyuan Ma
- State Key Laboratory for Advanced Metals and Materials, School of Materials Science and Engineering, University of Science and Technology Beijing, Beijing, 100083, China
| | - Yue Zhang
- State Key Laboratory for Advanced Metals and Materials, School of Materials Science and Engineering, University of Science and Technology Beijing, Beijing, 100083, China
- Key Laboratory of New Energy Materials and Technologies, University of Science and Technology Beijing, Beijing, 100083, China
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373
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Preparation and implementation of optofluidic neural probes for in vivo wireless pharmacology and optogenetics. Nat Protoc 2017; 12:219-237. [PMID: 28055036 DOI: 10.1038/nprot.2016.155] [Citation(s) in RCA: 50] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/17/2022]
Abstract
This Protocol Extension describes the fabrication and technical procedures for implementing ultrathin, flexible optofluidic neural probe systems that provide targeted, wireless delivery of fluids and light into the brains of awake, freely behaving animals. As a Protocol Extension article, this article describes an adaptation of an existing Protocol that offers additional applications. This protocol serves as an extension of an existing Nature Protocol describing optoelectronic devices for studying intact neural systems. Here, we describe additional features of fabricating self-contained platforms that involve flexible microfluidic probes, pumping systems, microscale inorganic LEDs, wireless-control electronics, and power supplies. These small, flexible probes minimize tissue damage and inflammation, making long-term implantation possible. The capabilities include wireless pharmacological and optical intervention for dissecting neural circuitry during behavior. The fabrication can be completed in 1-2 weeks, and the devices can be used for 1-2 weeks of in vivo rodent experiments. To successfully carry out the protocol, researchers should have basic skill sets in photolithography and soft lithography, as well as experience with stereotaxic surgery and behavioral neuroscience practices. These fabrication processes and implementation protocols will increase access to wireless optofluidic neural probes for advanced in vivo pharmacology and optogenetics in freely moving rodents.This protocol is an extension to: Nat. Protoc. 8, 2413-2428 (2013); doi:10.1038/nprot.2013.158; published online 07 November 2013.
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374
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Xi H, Chen D, Lv L, Zhong P, Lin Z, Chang J, Wang H, Wang B, Ma X, Zhang C. High performance transient organic solar cells on biodegradable polyvinyl alcohol composite substrates. RSC Adv 2017. [DOI: 10.1039/c7ra11191f] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/21/2022] Open
Abstract
Physically transient organic solar cells on PVA composite substrates have been successfully demonstrated for the first time.
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375
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Wang L, Chen D, Jiang K, Shen G. New insights and perspectives into biological materials for flexible electronics. Chem Soc Rev 2017; 46:6764-6815. [DOI: 10.1039/c7cs00278e] [Citation(s) in RCA: 259] [Impact Index Per Article: 37.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/16/2022]
Abstract
Materials based on biological materials are becoming increasingly competitive and are likely to be critical components in flexible electronic devices.
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Affiliation(s)
- Lili Wang
- State Key Laboratory on Integrated Optoelectronics
- College of Electronic Science and Engineering
- Jilin University
- Changchun 130012
- P. R. China
| | - Di Chen
- School of Mathematics and Physics
- University of Science and Technology Beijing
- Beijing 100083
- China
| | - Kai Jiang
- Institute & Hospital of Hepatobiliary Surgery
- Key Laboratory of Digital Hepatobiliary Surgery of Chinese PLA
- Chinese PLA Medical School
- Chinese PLA General Hospital
- Beijing 100853
| | - Guozhen Shen
- State Key Laboratory for Superlattices and Microstructures
- Institute of Semiconductors
- Chinese Academy of Sciences
- Beijing 100083
- China
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376
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Min K, Umar M, Seo H, Yim JH, Kam DG, Jeon H, Lee S, Kim S. Biocompatible, optically transparent, patterned, and flexible electrodes and radio-frequency antennas prepared from silk protein and silver nanowire networks. RSC Adv 2017. [DOI: 10.1039/c6ra25580a] [Citation(s) in RCA: 26] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/21/2022] Open
Abstract
We demonstrated biocompatible, optically transparent and flexible electrodes by embedding AgNWs just below the surface of the silk fibroin film.
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Affiliation(s)
- Kyungtaek Min
- Department of Energy Systems Research
- Ajou University
- Suwon 16499
- Republic of Korea
| | - Muhammad Umar
- Department of Energy Systems Research
- Ajou University
- Suwon 16499
- Republic of Korea
| | - Haekyo Seo
- Department of Electrical and Computer Engineering
- Ajou University
- Suwon 16499
- Republic of Korea
| | - Jong Hyuk Yim
- Department of Energy Systems Research
- Ajou University
- Suwon 16499
- Republic of Korea
| | - Dong Gun Kam
- Department of Electrical and Computer Engineering
- Ajou University
- Suwon 16499
- Republic of Korea
| | - Heonsu Jeon
- Department of Physics and Astronomy
- Seoul National University
- Seoul 08826
- Republic of Korea
| | - Soonil Lee
- Department of Energy Systems Research
- Ajou University
- Suwon 16499
- Republic of Korea
- Department of Physics
| | - Sunghwan Kim
- Department of Energy Systems Research
- Ajou University
- Suwon 16499
- Republic of Korea
- Department of Physics
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377
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Lee J, Yoo B, Lee H, Cha GD, Lee HS, Cho Y, Kim SY, Seo H, Lee W, Son D, Kang M, Kim HM, Park YI, Hyeon T, Kim DH. Ultra-Wideband Multi-Dye-Sensitized Upconverting Nanoparticles for Information Security Application. ADVANCED MATERIALS (DEERFIELD BEACH, FLA.) 2017; 29:1603169. [PMID: 27748544 DOI: 10.1002/adma.201603169] [Citation(s) in RCA: 53] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/16/2016] [Revised: 08/09/2016] [Indexed: 05/20/2023]
Abstract
Multi-dye-sensitized upconverting nanoparticles (UCNPs), which harvest photons of wide wavelength range (450-975 nm) are designed and synthesized. The UCNPs embedded in a photo-acid generating layer are integrated on destructible nonvolatile resistive memory device. Upon illumination of light, the system permanently erases stored data, achieving enhanced information security.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jongha Lee
- Center for Nanoparticle Research, Institute for Basic Science (IBS), Seoul, 08826, Republic of Korea
- School of Chemical and Biological Engineering, Institute of Chemical Processes, Seoul National University, Seoul, 08826, Republic of Korea
| | - Byeongjun Yoo
- Center for Nanoparticle Research, Institute for Basic Science (IBS), Seoul, 08826, Republic of Korea
- School of Chemical and Biological Engineering, Institute of Chemical Processes, Seoul National University, Seoul, 08826, Republic of Korea
| | - Hakyong Lee
- Center for Nanoparticle Research, Institute for Basic Science (IBS), Seoul, 08826, Republic of Korea
- School of Chemical and Biological Engineering, Institute of Chemical Processes, Seoul National University, Seoul, 08826, Republic of Korea
| | - Gi Doo Cha
- Center for Nanoparticle Research, Institute for Basic Science (IBS), Seoul, 08826, Republic of Korea
- School of Chemical and Biological Engineering, Institute of Chemical Processes, Seoul National University, Seoul, 08826, Republic of Korea
| | - Hee-Su Lee
- Department of Bio & Nano Chemistry, Kookmin University, Seoul, 02707, Republic of Korea
| | - Youngho Cho
- Department of Bio & Nano Chemistry, Kookmin University, Seoul, 02707, Republic of Korea
| | - Sang Yeon Kim
- Interdisciplinary Program in Computational Science and Technology, Seoul National University, Seoul, 08826, Republic of Korea
| | - Hyunseon Seo
- Center for Nanoparticle Research, Institute for Basic Science (IBS), Seoul, 08826, Republic of Korea
- School of Chemical and Biological Engineering, Institute of Chemical Processes, Seoul National University, Seoul, 08826, Republic of Korea
| | - Woongchan Lee
- Center for Nanoparticle Research, Institute for Basic Science (IBS), Seoul, 08826, Republic of Korea
- School of Chemical and Biological Engineering, Institute of Chemical Processes, Seoul National University, Seoul, 08826, Republic of Korea
| | - Donghee Son
- Center for Nanoparticle Research, Institute for Basic Science (IBS), Seoul, 08826, Republic of Korea
- School of Chemical and Biological Engineering, Institute of Chemical Processes, Seoul National University, Seoul, 08826, Republic of Korea
| | - Myungjoo Kang
- Department of Mathematical Science, Seoul National University, Seoul, 08826, Republic of Korea
| | - Hyung Min Kim
- Department of Bio & Nano Chemistry, Kookmin University, Seoul, 02707, Republic of Korea
| | - Yong Il Park
- School of Chemical Engineering, Chonnam National University, Gwangju, 61186, Republic of Korea
| | - Taeghwan Hyeon
- Center for Nanoparticle Research, Institute for Basic Science (IBS), Seoul, 08826, Republic of Korea
- School of Chemical and Biological Engineering, Institute of Chemical Processes, Seoul National University, Seoul, 08826, Republic of Korea
| | - Dae-Hyeong Kim
- Center for Nanoparticle Research, Institute for Basic Science (IBS), Seoul, 08826, Republic of Korea
- School of Chemical and Biological Engineering, Institute of Chemical Processes, Seoul National University, Seoul, 08826, Republic of Korea
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378
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Zhou W, Dai X, Lieber CM. Advances in nanowire bioelectronics. REPORTS ON PROGRESS IN PHYSICS. PHYSICAL SOCIETY (GREAT BRITAIN) 2017; 80:016701. [PMID: 27823988 DOI: 10.1088/0034-4885/80/1/016701] [Citation(s) in RCA: 36] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/06/2023]
Abstract
Semiconductor nanowires represent powerful building blocks for next generation bioelectronics given their attractive properties, including nanometer-scale footprint comparable to subcellular structures and bio-molecules, configurable in nonstandard device geometries readily interfaced with biological systems, high surface-to-volume ratios, fast signal responses, and minimum consumption of energy. In this review article, we summarize recent progress in the field of nanowire bioelectronics with a focus primarily on silicon nanowire field-effect transistor biosensors. First, the synthesis and assembly of semiconductor nanowires will be described, including the basics of nanowire FETs crucial to their configuration as biosensors. Second, we will introduce and review recent results in nanowire bioelectronics for biomedical applications ranging from label-free sensing of biomolecules, to extracellular and intracellular electrophysiological recording.
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Affiliation(s)
- Wei Zhou
- Bradley Department of Electrical and Computer Engineering, Virginia Tech, Blacksburg, VA 24061, USA
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379
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Bae H, Lee BH, Lee D, Seol ML, Kim D, Han JW, Kim CK, Jeon SB, Ahn D, Park SJ, Park JY, Choi YK. Physically Transient Memory on a Rapidly Dissoluble Paper for Security Application. Sci Rep 2016; 6:38324. [PMID: 27917910 PMCID: PMC5137035 DOI: 10.1038/srep38324] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/24/2016] [Accepted: 11/08/2016] [Indexed: 11/08/2022] Open
Abstract
We report the transient memory device by means of a water soluble SSG (solid sodium with glycerine) paper. This material has a hydroscopic property hence it can be soluble in water. In terms of physical security of memory devices, prompt abrogation of a memory device which stored a large number of data is crucial when it is stolen because all of things have identified information in the memory device. By utilizing the SSG paper as a substrate, we fabricated a disposable resistive random access memory (RRAM) which has good data retention of longer than 106 seconds and cycling endurance of 300 cycles. This memory device is dissolved within 10 seconds thus it can never be recovered or replicated. By employing direct printing but not lithography technology to aim low cost and disposable applications, the memory capacity tends to be limited less than kilo-bits. However, unlike high memory capacity demand for consumer electronics, the proposed device is targeting for security applications. With this regards, the sub-kilobit memory capacity should find the applications such as one-time usable personal identification, authentication code storage, cryptography key, and smart delivery tag. This aspect is attractive for security and protection system against unauthorized accessibility.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hagyoul Bae
- School of Electrical Engineering, Korea Advanced Institute of Science and Technology, (KAIST) 291 Daehak-ro, Yuseong-gu, Daejeon, 34141, South Korea
| | - Byung-Hyun Lee
- School of Electrical Engineering, Korea Advanced Institute of Science and Technology, (KAIST) 291 Daehak-ro, Yuseong-gu, Daejeon, 34141, South Korea
| | - Dongil Lee
- School of Electrical Engineering, Korea Advanced Institute of Science and Technology, (KAIST) 291 Daehak-ro, Yuseong-gu, Daejeon, 34141, South Korea
| | - Myeong-Lok Seol
- Center for Nanotechnology, NASA Ames Research Center, Moffett Field, California 94035, United States
| | - Daewon Kim
- School of Electrical Engineering, Korea Advanced Institute of Science and Technology, (KAIST) 291 Daehak-ro, Yuseong-gu, Daejeon, 34141, South Korea
| | - Jin-Woo Han
- Center for Nanotechnology, NASA Ames Research Center, Moffett Field, California 94035, United States
| | - Choong-Ki Kim
- School of Electrical Engineering, Korea Advanced Institute of Science and Technology, (KAIST) 291 Daehak-ro, Yuseong-gu, Daejeon, 34141, South Korea
| | - Seung-Bae Jeon
- School of Electrical Engineering, Korea Advanced Institute of Science and Technology, (KAIST) 291 Daehak-ro, Yuseong-gu, Daejeon, 34141, South Korea
| | - Daechul Ahn
- School of Electrical Engineering, Korea Advanced Institute of Science and Technology, (KAIST) 291 Daehak-ro, Yuseong-gu, Daejeon, 34141, South Korea
| | - Sang-Jae Park
- School of Electrical Engineering, Korea Advanced Institute of Science and Technology, (KAIST) 291 Daehak-ro, Yuseong-gu, Daejeon, 34141, South Korea
| | - Jun-Young Park
- School of Electrical Engineering, Korea Advanced Institute of Science and Technology, (KAIST) 291 Daehak-ro, Yuseong-gu, Daejeon, 34141, South Korea
| | - Yang-Kyu Choi
- School of Electrical Engineering, Korea Advanced Institute of Science and Technology, (KAIST) 291 Daehak-ro, Yuseong-gu, Daejeon, 34141, South Korea
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380
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Zimmerman JF, Parameswaran R, Murray G, Wang Y, Burke M, Tian B. Cellular uptake and dynamics of unlabeled freestanding silicon nanowires. SCIENCE ADVANCES 2016; 2:e1601039. [PMID: 28028534 PMCID: PMC5161427 DOI: 10.1126/sciadv.1601039] [Citation(s) in RCA: 69] [Impact Index Per Article: 8.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/09/2016] [Accepted: 11/08/2016] [Indexed: 05/12/2023]
Abstract
The ability to seamlessly merge electronic devices with biological systems at the cellular length scale is an exciting prospect for exploring new fundamental cell biology and in designing next-generation therapeutic devices. Semiconductor nanowires are well suited for achieving this goal because of their intrinsic size and wide range of possible configurations. However, current studies have focused primarily on delivering substrate-bound nanowire devices through mechanical abrasion or electroporation, with these bulkier substrates negating many of the inherent benefits of using nanoscale materials. To improve on this, an important next step is learning how to distribute these devices in a drug-like fashion, where cells can naturally uptake and incorporate these electronic components, allowing for truly noninvasive device integration. We show that silicon nanowires (SiNWs) can potentially be used as such a system, demonstrating that label-free SiNWs can be internalized in multiple cell lines (96% uptake rate), undergoing an active "burst-like" transport process. Our results show that, rather than through exogenous manipulation, SiNWs are internalized primarily through an endogenous phagocytosis pathway, allowing cellular integration of these materials. To study this behavior, we have developed a robust set of methodologies for quantitatively examining high-aspect ratio nanowire-cell interactions in a time-dependent manner on both single-cell and ensemble levels. This approach represents one of the first dynamic studies of semiconductor nanowire internalization and offers valuable insight into designing devices for biomolecule delivery, intracellular sensing, and photoresponsive therapies.
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Affiliation(s)
- John F. Zimmerman
- Department of Chemistry, James Franck Institute and Institute for Biophysical Dynamics, University of Chicago, Chicago, IL 60637, USA
| | - Ramya Parameswaran
- Department of Chemistry, James Franck Institute and Institute for Biophysical Dynamics, University of Chicago, Chicago, IL 60637, USA
| | - Graeme Murray
- Department of Chemistry, James Franck Institute and Institute for Biophysical Dynamics, University of Chicago, Chicago, IL 60637, USA
| | - Yucai Wang
- Department of Chemistry, James Franck Institute and Institute for Biophysical Dynamics, University of Chicago, Chicago, IL 60637, USA
- The CAS Key Laboratory of Innate Immunity and Chronic Diseases, School of Life Sciences and Medical Center, University of Science and Technology of China, Hefei, Anhui 230027, PR China
| | - Michael Burke
- Department of Chemistry, James Franck Institute and Institute for Biophysical Dynamics, University of Chicago, Chicago, IL 60637, USA
| | - Bozhi Tian
- Department of Chemistry, James Franck Institute and Institute for Biophysical Dynamics, University of Chicago, Chicago, IL 60637, USA
- Corresponding author.
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381
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Ryabchun A, Kollosche M, Wegener M, Sakhno O. Holographic Structuring of Elastomer Actuator: First True Monolithic Tunable Elastomer Optics. ADVANCED MATERIALS (DEERFIELD BEACH, FLA.) 2016; 28:10217-10223. [PMID: 27714930 DOI: 10.1002/adma.201602881] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/31/2016] [Revised: 08/25/2016] [Indexed: 06/06/2023]
Abstract
Volume diffraction gratings (VDGs) are inscribed selectively by diffusive introduction of benzophenone and subsequent UV-holographic structuring into an electroactive dielectric elastomer actuator (DEA), to afford a continuous voltage-controlled grating shift of 17%. The internal stress coupling of DEA and optical domain allows for a new generation of true monolithic tunable elastomer optics with voltage controlled properties.
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Affiliation(s)
- Alexander Ryabchun
- Fraunhofer Institute for Applied Polymer Research, Geiselbergstr. 69, 14476, Potsdam-Golm, Germany
| | - Matthias Kollosche
- Institute for Physics and Astronomy, University Potsdam, Karl-Liebknecht-Str. 24/25, 14476, Potsdam-Golm, Germany
| | - Michael Wegener
- Fraunhofer Institute for Applied Polymer Research, Geiselbergstr. 69, 14476, Potsdam-Golm, Germany
| | - Oksana Sakhno
- Fraunhofer Institute for Applied Polymer Research, Geiselbergstr. 69, 14476, Potsdam-Golm, Germany
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382
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Stretchable multichannel antennas in soft wireless optoelectronic implants for optogenetics. Proc Natl Acad Sci U S A 2016; 113:E8169-E8177. [PMID: 27911798 DOI: 10.1073/pnas.1611769113] [Citation(s) in RCA: 88] [Impact Index Per Article: 11.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/18/2022] Open
Abstract
Optogenetic methods to modulate cells and signaling pathways via targeted expression and activation of light-sensitive proteins have greatly accelerated the process of mapping complex neural circuits and defining their roles in physiological and pathological contexts. Recently demonstrated technologies based on injectable, microscale inorganic light-emitting diodes (μ-ILEDs) with wireless control and power delivery strategies offer important functionality in such experiments, by eliminating the external tethers associated with traditional fiber optic approaches. Existing wireless μ-ILED embodiments allow, however, illumination only at a single targeted region of the brain with a single optical wavelength and over spatial ranges of operation that are constrained by the radio frequency power transmission hardware. Here we report stretchable, multiresonance antennas and battery-free schemes for multichannel wireless operation of independently addressable, multicolor μ-ILEDs with fully implantable, miniaturized platforms. This advance, as demonstrated through in vitro and in vivo studies using thin, mechanically soft systems that separately control as many as three different μ-ILEDs, relies on specially designed stretchable antennas in which parallel capacitive coupling circuits yield several independent, well-separated operating frequencies, as verified through experimental and modeling results. When used in combination with active motion-tracking antenna arrays, these devices enable multichannel optogenetic research on complex behavioral responses in groups of animals over large areas at low levels of radio frequency power (<1 W). Studies of the regions of the brain that are involved in sleep arousal (locus coeruleus) and preference/aversion (nucleus accumbens) demonstrate the unique capabilities of these technologies.
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383
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Chen C, Karshalev E, Li J, Soto F, Castillo R, Campos I, Mou F, Guan J, Wang J. Transient Micromotors That Disappear When No Longer Needed. ACS NANO 2016; 10:10389-10396. [PMID: 27783486 DOI: 10.1021/acsnano.6b06256] [Citation(s) in RCA: 69] [Impact Index Per Article: 8.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/06/2023]
Abstract
Transient self-destroyed micromotors that autonomously disappear in biological media at controlled rates upon completing their task, without leaving a toxic residue, are presented. The propulsion and degradation characteristics of the self-destroyed Mg/ZnO, Mg/Si, and Zn/Fe Janus micromotors and single-component Zn micromotors are described. The degradation of the Janus micromotors relies on the different corrosion rates of their core-shell components. Inductively coupled plasma optical emission spectrometry measurements are used to probe the time-dependent degradation of the different constituents of the micromotors. The toxicity of the transient micromotors is discussed toward their potential use in biomedical applications. This concept of transient micromotors offers considerable potential for diverse practical applications in the near future.
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Affiliation(s)
- Chuanrui Chen
- Department of Nanoengineering, University of California, San Diego , La Jolla, California 92093, United States
- State Key Laboratory of Advanced Technology for Materials Synthesis and Processing, Wuhan University of Technology , Wuhan 430070, People's Republic of China
| | - Emil Karshalev
- Department of Nanoengineering, University of California, San Diego , La Jolla, California 92093, United States
| | - Jinxing Li
- Department of Nanoengineering, University of California, San Diego , La Jolla, California 92093, United States
| | - Fernando Soto
- Department of Nanoengineering, University of California, San Diego , La Jolla, California 92093, United States
| | - Roxanne Castillo
- Department of Nanoengineering, University of California, San Diego , La Jolla, California 92093, United States
| | - Isaac Campos
- Department of Nanoengineering, University of California, San Diego , La Jolla, California 92093, United States
| | - Fangzhi Mou
- State Key Laboratory of Advanced Technology for Materials Synthesis and Processing, Wuhan University of Technology , Wuhan 430070, People's Republic of China
| | - Jianguo Guan
- State Key Laboratory of Advanced Technology for Materials Synthesis and Processing, Wuhan University of Technology , Wuhan 430070, People's Republic of China
| | - Joseph Wang
- Department of Nanoengineering, University of California, San Diego , La Jolla, California 92093, United States
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384
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Mostafalu P, Nezhad AS, Nikkhah M, Akbari M. Flexible Electronic Devices for Biomedical Applications. ACTA ACUST UNITED AC 2016. [DOI: 10.1007/978-3-319-32180-6_16] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/25/2022]
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385
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Qin N, Zhang S, Jiang J, Corder SG, Qian Z, Zhou Z, Lee W, Liu K, Wang X, Li X, Shi Z, Mao Y, Bechtel HA, Martin MC, Xia X, Marelli B, Kaplan DL, Omenetto FG, Liu M, Tao TH. Nanoscale probing of electron-regulated structural transitions in silk proteins by near-field IR imaging and nano-spectroscopy. Nat Commun 2016; 7:13079. [PMID: 27713412 PMCID: PMC5059764 DOI: 10.1038/ncomms13079] [Citation(s) in RCA: 65] [Impact Index Per Article: 8.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/28/2016] [Accepted: 09/01/2016] [Indexed: 12/20/2022] Open
Abstract
Silk protein fibres produced by silkworms and spiders are renowned for their unparalleled mechanical strength and extensibility arising from their high-β-sheet crystal contents as natural materials. Investigation of β-sheet-oriented conformational transitions in silk proteins at the nanoscale remains a challenge using conventional imaging techniques given their limitations in chemical sensitivity or limited spatial resolution. Here, we report on electron-regulated nanoscale polymorphic transitions in silk proteins revealed by near-field infrared imaging and nano-spectroscopy at resolutions approaching the molecular level. The ability to locally probe nanoscale protein structural transitions combined with nanometre-precision electron-beam lithography offers us the capability to finely control the structure of silk proteins in two and three dimensions. Our work paves the way for unlocking essential nanoscopic protein structures and critical conditions for electron-induced conformational transitions, offering new rules to design protein-based nanoarchitectures. Silk protein fibres are exceptionally strong, owing to their high β-sheet nanocrystal content. Here, the authors use an electron beam to guide silk β-sheet crystals through structural transitions, and visualize the changes by infrared near-field optics, achieving close to molecular-level resolution.
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Affiliation(s)
- Nan Qin
- State Key Laboratory of Transducer Technology, Shanghai Institute of Microsystem and Information Technology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Shanghai 200050, China
| | - Shaoqing Zhang
- Department of Mechanical Engineering, the University of Texas at Austin, Austin, Texas 78712, USA
| | - Jianjuan Jiang
- State Key Laboratory of Transducer Technology, Shanghai Institute of Microsystem and Information Technology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Shanghai 200050, China
| | | | - Zhigang Qian
- State Key Laboratory of Microbial Metabolism, School of Life Sciences and Biotechnology, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, Shanghai 200240, China
| | - Zhitao Zhou
- State Key Laboratory of Transducer Technology, Shanghai Institute of Microsystem and Information Technology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Shanghai 200050, China
| | - Woonsoo Lee
- Department of Mechanical Engineering, the University of Texas at Austin, Austin, Texas 78712, USA
| | - Keyin Liu
- State Key Laboratory of Transducer Technology, Shanghai Institute of Microsystem and Information Technology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Shanghai 200050, China
| | - Xiaohan Wang
- Department of Mechanical Engineering, the University of Texas at Austin, Austin, Texas 78712, USA
| | - Xinxin Li
- State Key Laboratory of Transducer Technology, Shanghai Institute of Microsystem and Information Technology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Shanghai 200050, China.,School of Physical Science and Technology, ShanghaiTech University, Shanghai 200031, China
| | - Zhifeng Shi
- Department of Neurosurgery, Huashan Hospital of Fudan University, Wulumuqi Zhong Road 12, Shanghai, 200040, China
| | - Ying Mao
- Department of Neurosurgery, Huashan Hospital of Fudan University, Wulumuqi Zhong Road 12, Shanghai, 200040, China
| | - Hans A Bechtel
- Nano-FTIR, Advanced Light Source Division, Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory, Berkeley, California 94720, USA
| | - Michael C Martin
- Nano-FTIR, Advanced Light Source Division, Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory, Berkeley, California 94720, USA
| | - Xiaoxia Xia
- State Key Laboratory of Microbial Metabolism, School of Life Sciences and Biotechnology, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, Shanghai 200240, China
| | - Benedetto Marelli
- Department of Civil and Environmental Engineering, Massachusetts Institute of Technology, Cambridge, Massachusetts 02139, USA
| | - David L Kaplan
- Department of Biomedical Engineering, Tufts University, Medford, Massachusetts 02155, USA.,Department of Chemical Engineering, Tufts University, Medford, Massachusetts 02155, USA
| | - Fiorenzo G Omenetto
- Department of Biomedical Engineering, Tufts University, Medford, Massachusetts 02155, USA.,Department of Physics, Tufts University, Medford, Massachusetts 02155, USA
| | - Mengkun Liu
- Department of Physics and Astronomy, Stony Brook University, Stony Brook, New York 11794, USA
| | - Tiger H Tao
- State Key Laboratory of Transducer Technology, Shanghai Institute of Microsystem and Information Technology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Shanghai 200050, China.,Department of Mechanical Engineering, the University of Texas at Austin, Austin, Texas 78712, USA.,School of Physical Science and Technology, ShanghaiTech University, Shanghai 200031, China
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386
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Xie M, Fan D, Chen Y, Zhao Z, He X, Li G, Chen A, Wu X, Li J, Li Z, Hunt JA, Li Y, Lan P. An implantable and controlled drug-release silk fibroin nanofibrous matrix to advance the treatment of solid tumour cancers. Biomaterials 2016; 103:33-43. [DOI: 10.1016/j.biomaterials.2016.06.049] [Citation(s) in RCA: 36] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/28/2016] [Revised: 05/25/2016] [Accepted: 06/21/2016] [Indexed: 01/14/2023]
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387
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Camera KL, Wenning B, Lal A, Ober CK. Transient materials from thermally-sensitive polycarbonates and polycarbonate nanocomposites. POLYMER 2016. [DOI: 10.1016/j.polymer.2016.08.050] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/21/2022]
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388
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Ensminger SM, Gerosa G, Gummert JF, Falk V. Mechanical Circulatory Support: Heart Failure Therapy “in Motion”. INNOVATIONS-TECHNOLOGY AND TECHNIQUES IN CARDIOTHORACIC AND VASCULAR SURGERY 2016. [DOI: 10.1177/155698451601100501] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/17/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Stephan M. Ensminger
- Department of Thoracic and Cardiovascular Surgery, Heart and Diabetescenter NRW, Ruhr-University Bochum, Bad Oeynhausen, Germany
| | - Gino Gerosa
- Department of Cardiac Surgery, Padova University Hospital, Padova, Italy
| | - Jan F. Gummert
- Department of Thoracic and Cardiovascular Surgery, Heart and Diabetescenter NRW, Ruhr-University Bochum, Bad Oeynhausen, Germany
| | - Volkmar Falk
- Department of Cardiothoracic and Vascular Surgery, Deutsches Herzzentrum Berlin, Berlin, Germany
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389
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Jiang Y, Carvalho-de-Souza JL, Wong RCS, Luo Z, Isheim D, Zuo X, Nicholls AW, Jung IW, Yue J, Liu DJ, Wang Y, De Andrade V, Xiao X, Navrazhnykh L, Weiss DE, Wu X, Seidman DN, Bezanilla F, Tian B. Heterogeneous silicon mesostructures for lipid-supported bioelectric interfaces. NATURE MATERIALS 2016; 15:1023-30. [PMID: 27348576 PMCID: PMC5388139 DOI: 10.1038/nmat4673] [Citation(s) in RCA: 100] [Impact Index Per Article: 12.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/17/2015] [Accepted: 05/19/2016] [Indexed: 05/03/2023]
Abstract
Silicon-based materials have widespread application as biophysical tools and biomedical devices. Here we introduce a biocompatible and degradable mesostructured form of silicon with multi-scale structural and chemical heterogeneities. The material was synthesized using mesoporous silica as a template through a chemical vapour deposition process. It has an amorphous atomic structure, an ordered nanowire-based framework and random submicrometre voids, and shows an average Young's modulus that is 2-3 orders of magnitude smaller than that of single-crystalline silicon. In addition, we used the heterogeneous silicon mesostructures to design a lipid-bilayer-supported bioelectric interface that is remotely controlled and temporally transient, and that permits non-genetic and subcellular optical modulation of the electrophysiology dynamics in single dorsal root ganglia neurons. Our findings suggest that the biomimetic expansion of silicon into heterogeneous and deformable forms can open up opportunities in extracellular biomaterial or bioelectric systems.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yuanwen Jiang
- Department of Chemistry, the University of Chicago, Chicago, IL 60637
- The James Franck Institute, the University of Chicago, Chicago, IL 60637
| | | | - Raymond C. S. Wong
- The James Franck Institute, the University of Chicago, Chicago, IL 60637
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, the University of Chicago, Chicago, IL 60637
| | - Zhiqiang Luo
- Department of Chemistry, the University of Chicago, Chicago, IL 60637
- The James Franck Institute, the University of Chicago, Chicago, IL 60637
| | - Dieter Isheim
- Department of Materials Science and Engineering, Northwestern University, Evanston, IL 60208
- The Northwestern University Center for Atom-Probe Tomography (NUCAPT), Northwestern University, Evanston, IL 60208
| | - Xiaobing Zuo
- The X-ray Science Division, Argonne National Laboratory, Argonne, IL 60439
| | - Alan W. Nicholls
- The Research Resources Center, University of Illinois at Chicago, Chicago, IL 60607
| | - Il Woong Jung
- The Center for Nanoscale Materials, Argonne National Laboratory, Argonne, IL 60439
| | - Jiping Yue
- Ben May Department for Cancer Research, the University of Chicago, Chicago, IL 60637
| | - Di-Jia Liu
- The Chemical Sciences and Engineering Division, Argonne National Laboratory, Argonne, IL 60439
| | - Yucai Wang
- Department of Chemistry, the University of Chicago, Chicago, IL 60637
- The James Franck Institute, the University of Chicago, Chicago, IL 60637
| | - Vincent De Andrade
- The X-ray Science Division, Argonne National Laboratory, Argonne, IL 60439
| | - Xianghui Xiao
- The X-ray Science Division, Argonne National Laboratory, Argonne, IL 60439
| | | | - Dara E. Weiss
- Department of Chemistry, the University of Chicago, Chicago, IL 60637
| | - Xiaoyang Wu
- Ben May Department for Cancer Research, the University of Chicago, Chicago, IL 60637
| | - David N. Seidman
- Department of Materials Science and Engineering, Northwestern University, Evanston, IL 60208
- The Northwestern University Center for Atom-Probe Tomography (NUCAPT), Northwestern University, Evanston, IL 60208
| | - Francisco Bezanilla
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, the University of Chicago, Chicago, IL 60637
- The Institute for Biophysical Dynamics, the University of Chicago, Chicago, IL 60637
- Correspondence and requests for materials should be addressed to B.T. () and F.B. ()
| | - Bozhi Tian
- Department of Chemistry, the University of Chicago, Chicago, IL 60637
- The James Franck Institute, the University of Chicago, Chicago, IL 60637
- The Institute for Biophysical Dynamics, the University of Chicago, Chicago, IL 60637
- Correspondence and requests for materials should be addressed to B.T. () and F.B. ()
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390
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Mechanical Circulatory Support: Heart Failure Therapy “in Motion”. INNOVATIONS-TECHNOLOGY AND TECHNIQUES IN CARDIOTHORACIC AND VASCULAR SURGERY 2016; 11:305-314. [DOI: 10.1097/imi.0000000000000305] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/27/2022]
Abstract
Because the first generation of pulsatile-flow devices was primarily used to bridge the sickest patients to transplantation (bridge-to-transplant therapy), the current generation of continuous-flow ventricular assist devices qualifies for destination therapy for patients with advanced heart failure who are ineligible for transplantation. The first-generation devices were associated with frequent adverse events, limited mechanical durability, and patient discomfort due device size. In contrast, second-generation continuous-flow devices are smaller, more quiet, and durable, thus resulting in less complications and significantly improved survival rates. Heart transplantation remains an option for a limited number of patients only, and this fact has also triggered the discussion about the optimal timing for device implantation. The increasing use of continuous-flow devices has resulted in new challenges, such as adverse events during long-term support, and high hospital readmission rates. In addition, there are a number of device-related complications including mechanical problems such as device thrombosis, percutaneous driveline damage, as well as conditions such as hemolysis, infection, and cerebrovascular accidents. This review provides an overview of the evolution of mechanical circulatory support systems from bridge to transplantation to destination therapy including technological advances and clinical improvements in long-term patient survival and quality of life. In addition, recent changes in device implant strategies and current trials are reviewed and discussed. A brief glimpse into the future of mechanical circulatory support therapy will summarize the innovations that may soon enter clinical practice.
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391
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Ling S, Li C, Jin K, Kaplan DL, Buehler MJ. Liquid Exfoliated Natural Silk Nanofibrils: Applications in Optical and Electrical Devices. ADVANCED MATERIALS (DEERFIELD BEACH, FLA.) 2016; 28:7783-90. [PMID: 27352291 DOI: 10.1002/adma.201601783] [Citation(s) in RCA: 79] [Impact Index Per Article: 9.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/03/2016] [Revised: 05/17/2016] [Indexed: 05/02/2023]
Abstract
A method to directly extract silk nanofibrils from native silk fibers at the single nanofibrils scale is reported. The resulting silk nanofibrils, which retain structural features and physical properties of native silk fibers, show potential utility in optical and electronic devices.
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Affiliation(s)
- Shengjie Ling
- Department of Civil and Environmental Engineering, Massachusetts Institute of Technology, Cambridge, MA, 02139, USA
- Department of Biomedical Engineering, Tufts University, Medford, MA, 02155, USA
| | - Chunmei Li
- Department of Biomedical Engineering, Tufts University, Medford, MA, 02155, USA
| | - Kai Jin
- Department of Civil and Environmental Engineering, Massachusetts Institute of Technology, Cambridge, MA, 02139, USA
| | - David L Kaplan
- Department of Biomedical Engineering, Tufts University, Medford, MA, 02155, USA.
| | - Markus J Buehler
- Department of Civil and Environmental Engineering, Massachusetts Institute of Technology, Cambridge, MA, 02139, USA.
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392
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Zhu G, Huang Y, Bhave G, Wang Y, Hu Z, Liu X. In situ growth of fluorescent silicon nanocrystals in a monolithic microcapsule as a photostable, versatile platform. NANOSCALE 2016; 8:15645-57. [PMID: 27515701 PMCID: PMC5022568 DOI: 10.1039/c6nr03829h] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/06/2023]
Abstract
A facile, one-step method was developed for the in situ formation of fluorescent silicon nanocrystals (SiNC) in a microspherical encapsulating matrix. The obtained SiNC encapsulated polymeric microcapsules (SiPM) possess uniform size (0.1-2.0 μm), strong fluorescence, and nanoporous structure. A unique two stage, time dependent reaction was developed, as the growth of SiNC was slower than the formation of polymeric microcapsules. The resulting SiPM with increasing reaction time exhibited two levels of stability, and correspondingly, the release of SiNC in aqueous media showed different behavior. With reaction time <1 h, the obtained low-density SiPM (LD-SiPM) as matrix microcapsules, would release encapsulated SiNC on demand. With >1 h reaction time, resulting high-density SiPM (HD-SiPM) became stable SiNC reservoirs. SiPM exhibit stable photoluminescence. The porous structure and fluorescence quenching effects make SiPM suitable for bioimaging, drug loading and sorption of heavy metals (Hg(2+) as shown) as an intrinsic indicator. SiPM were able to reduce metal ions, forming SiPM/metal oxide and SiPM/metal hybrids, and their applications in bio-sensing and catalysis were also demonstrated.
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Affiliation(s)
- Guixian Zhu
- College of Materials Sciences and Opto-Electronics, University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100049, China and Department of Nanomedicine, Houston Methodist Research Institute, Houston, TX 77030, USA.
| | - Yu Huang
- Department of Biomedical Engineering, University of South Dakota, Sioux Falls, SD 57107, USA
| | - Gauri Bhave
- Department of Nanomedicine, Houston Methodist Research Institute, Houston, TX 77030, USA.
| | - Yuzhen Wang
- Department of Nanomedicine, Houston Methodist Research Institute, Houston, TX 77030, USA.
| | - Zhongbo Hu
- College of Materials Sciences and Opto-Electronics, University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100049, China
| | - Xuewu Liu
- Department of Nanomedicine, Houston Methodist Research Institute, Houston, TX 77030, USA.
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393
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Lin Y, Gritsenko D, Liu Q, Lu X, Xu J. Recent Advancements in Functionalized Paper-Based Electronics. ACS APPLIED MATERIALS & INTERFACES 2016; 8:20501-15. [PMID: 27463253 DOI: 10.1021/acsami.6b04854] [Citation(s) in RCA: 60] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/13/2023]
Abstract
Building electronic devices on ubiquitous paper substrates has recently drawn extensive attention due to its light weight, low cost, environmental friendliness, and ease of fabrication. Recently, a myriad of advancements have been made to improve the performance of paper electronics for various applications, such as basic electronic components, energy storage devices, generators, antennas, and electronic circuits. This review aims to summarize this progress and discuss different perspectives of paper electronics as well as the remaining challenges yet to be overcome in this field. Other aspects included in this review are the fundamental characteristics of paper, modification of paper with functional materials, and various methods for device fabrication.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yang Lin
- Mechanical and Industrial Engineering, University of Illinois at Chicago , Chicago, Illinois 60607, United States
| | - Dmitry Gritsenko
- Mechanical and Industrial Engineering, University of Illinois at Chicago , Chicago, Illinois 60607, United States
| | - Qian Liu
- Department of Chemistry, The University of British Columbia , Vancouver, British Columbia V6T 1Z1, Canada
- Department of Microbiology and Immunology, The University of British Columbia , Vancouver, British Columbia V6T 1Z3, Canada
| | - Xiaonan Lu
- Food, Nutrition and Health Program, Faculty of Land and Food Systems, The University of British Columbia , Vancouver, British Columbia V6T 1Z4, Canada
| | - Jie Xu
- Mechanical and Industrial Engineering, University of Illinois at Chicago , Chicago, Illinois 60607, United States
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394
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Zhang Z, Tsang M, Chen IW. Biodegradable resistive switching memory based on magnesium difluoride. NANOSCALE 2016; 8:15048-15055. [PMID: 27476796 DOI: 10.1039/c6nr03913h] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/06/2023]
Abstract
This study presents a new type of resistive switching memory device that can be used in biodegradable electronic applications. The biodegradable device features magnesium difluoride as the active layer and iron and magnesium as the corresponding electrodes. This is the first report on magnesium difluoride as a resistive switching layer. With on-off ratios larger than one hundred, the device on silicon switches at voltages less than one volt and requires only sub-mA programming current. AC endurance of 10(3) cycles is demonstrated with ±1 V voltage pulses. The switching mechanism is attributed to the formation and rupture of conductive filaments comprising fluoride vacancies in magnesium difluoride. Devices fabricated on a flexible polyethylene terephthalate substrate are tested for functionality, and degradation is subsequently demonstrated in de-ionized water. An additional layer of magnesium difluoride is used to hinder the degradation and extend the lifetime of the device.
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Affiliation(s)
- Zhiping Zhang
- Department of Materials Science and Engineering, University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, PA 19104-6272, USA.
| | - Melissa Tsang
- School of Biomedical Engineering, Georgia Institute of Technology, Atlanta, GA 30332, USA
| | - I-Wei Chen
- Department of Materials Science and Engineering, University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, PA 19104-6272, USA.
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395
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Gällentoft L, Pettersson LME, Danielsen N, Schouenborg J, Prinz CN, Linsmeier CE. Impact of degradable nanowires on long-term brain tissue responses. J Nanobiotechnology 2016; 14:64. [PMID: 27507159 PMCID: PMC4979107 DOI: 10.1186/s12951-016-0216-7] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/09/2016] [Accepted: 08/03/2016] [Indexed: 01/12/2023] Open
Abstract
Background A promising approach to improve the performance of neural implants consists of adding nanomaterials, such as nanowires, to the surface of the implant. Nanostructured interfaces could improve the integration and communication stability, partly through the reduction of the cell-to-electrode distance. However, the safety issues of implanted nanowires in the brain need to be evaluated and understood before nanowires can be used on the surface of implants for long periods of time. To this end we here investigate whether implanted degradable nanowires offer any advantage over non-degradable nanowires in a long-term in vivo study (1 year) with respect to brain tissue responses. Results The tissue response after injection of degradable silicon oxide (SiOx)-coated gallium phosphide nanowires and biostable hafnium oxide-coated GaP nanowires into the rat striatum was compared. One year after nanowire injection, no significant difference in microglial or astrocytic response, as measured by staining for ED1 and glial fibrillary acidic protein, respectively, or in neuronal density, as measured by staining for NeuN, was found between degradable and biostable nanowires. Of the cells investigated, only microglia cells had engulfed the nanowires. The SiOx-coated nanowire residues were primarily seen in aggregated hypertrophic ED1-positive cells, possibly microglial cells that have fused to create multinucleated giant cells. Occasionally, degradable nanowires with an apparently intact shape were found inside single, small ED1-positive cells. The biostable nanowires were found intact in microglia cells of both phenotypes described. Conclusion The present study shows that the degradable nanowires remain at least partly in the brain over long time periods, i.e. 1 year; however, no obvious bio-safety issues for this degradable nanomaterial could be detected. Electronic supplementary material The online version of this article (doi:10.1186/s12951-016-0216-7) contains supplementary material, which is available to authorized users.
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Affiliation(s)
- Lina Gällentoft
- Department of Experimental Medical Science, Medical Faculty, Neuronano Research Center (NRC), Lund University, Scheelevägen 2, 223 81, Lund, Sweden.
| | - Lina M E Pettersson
- Department of Experimental Medical Science, Medical Faculty, Neuronano Research Center (NRC), Lund University, Scheelevägen 2, 223 81, Lund, Sweden
| | - Nils Danielsen
- Department of Experimental Medical Science, Medical Faculty, Neuronano Research Center (NRC), Lund University, Scheelevägen 2, 223 81, Lund, Sweden
| | - Jens Schouenborg
- Department of Experimental Medical Science, Medical Faculty, Neuronano Research Center (NRC), Lund University, Scheelevägen 2, 223 81, Lund, Sweden
| | - Christelle N Prinz
- Department of Experimental Medical Science, Medical Faculty, Neuronano Research Center (NRC), Lund University, Scheelevägen 2, 223 81, Lund, Sweden. .,Division of Solid State Physics/NanoLund, Lund University, P.O. Box 118, 221 00, Lund, Sweden.
| | - Cecilia Eriksson Linsmeier
- Department of Experimental Medical Science, Medical Faculty, Neuronano Research Center (NRC), Lund University, Scheelevägen 2, 223 81, Lund, Sweden.
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396
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Yu KJ, Kuzum D, Hwang SW, Kim BH, Juul H, Kim NH, Won SM, Chiang K, Trumpis M, Richardson AG, Cheng H, Fang H, Thomson M, Bink H, Talos D, Seo KJ, Lee HN, Kang SK, Kim JH, Lee JY, Huang Y, Jensen FE, Dichter MA, Lucas TH, Viventi J, Litt B, Rogers JA. Bioresorbable silicon electronics for transient spatiotemporal mapping of electrical activity from the cerebral cortex. NATURE MATERIALS 2016; 15:782-791. [PMID: 27088236 PMCID: PMC4919903 DOI: 10.1038/nmat4624] [Citation(s) in RCA: 237] [Impact Index Per Article: 29.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/10/2015] [Accepted: 03/14/2016] [Indexed: 05/18/2023]
Abstract
Bioresorbable silicon electronics technology offers unprecedented opportunities to deploy advanced implantable monitoring systems that eliminate risks, cost and discomfort associated with surgical extraction. Applications include postoperative monitoring and transient physiologic recording after percutaneous or minimally invasive placement of vascular, cardiac, orthopaedic, neural or other devices. We present an embodiment of these materials in both passive and actively addressed arrays of bioresorbable silicon electrodes with multiplexing capabilities, which record in vivo electrophysiological signals from the cortical surface and the subgaleal space. The devices detect normal physiologic and epileptiform activity, both in acute and chronic recordings. Comparative studies show sensor performance comparable to standard clinical systems and reduced tissue reactivity relative to conventional clinical electrocorticography (ECoG) electrodes. This technology offers general applicability in neural interfaces, with additional potential utility in treatment of disorders where transient monitoring and modulation of physiologic function, implant integrity and tissue recovery or regeneration are required.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ki Jun Yu
- Department of Electrical and Computer Engineering, University of Illinois at Urbana-Champaign, Urbana, IL 61801, USA
- Frederick Seitz Materials Research Laboratory, University of Illinois at Urbana-Champaign, Urbana, IL 61801, USA
| | - Duygu Kuzum
- Department of Bioengineering, University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, Pennsylvania 19104, USA
- Center for Neuroengineering and Therapeutics, University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, PA 19104, USA
- Department of Electrical and Computer Engineering, University of California, San Diego, San Diego, CA 92093
| | - Suk-Won Hwang
- KU-KIST Graduate School of Converging Science and Technology, Korea University, Seoul 136-701, Republic of Korea
| | - Bong Hoon Kim
- Frederick Seitz Materials Research Laboratory, University of Illinois at Urbana-Champaign, Urbana, IL 61801, USA
- Department of Materials Science and Engineering, University of Illinois at Urbana-Champaign, Urbana, IL 61801, USA
| | - Halvor Juul
- Department of Neurology, Perelman School of Medicine, University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, PA 19104, USA
| | - Nam Heon Kim
- Frederick Seitz Materials Research Laboratory, University of Illinois at Urbana-Champaign, Urbana, IL 61801, USA
- Department of Materials Science and Engineering, University of Illinois at Urbana-Champaign, Urbana, IL 61801, USA
| | - Sang Min Won
- Department of Electrical and Computer Engineering, University of Illinois at Urbana-Champaign, Urbana, IL 61801, USA
- Frederick Seitz Materials Research Laboratory, University of Illinois at Urbana-Champaign, Urbana, IL 61801, USA
| | - Ken Chiang
- Department of Biomedical Engineering, Duke University, Durham, NC 27708, USA
| | - Michael Trumpis
- Department of Biomedical Engineering, Duke University, Durham, NC 27708, USA
| | - Andrew G. Richardson
- Center for Neuroengineering and Therapeutics, University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, PA 19104, USA
- Department of Neurosurgery, Perelman School of Medicine, University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, PA 19104, USA
| | - Huanyu Cheng
- Department of Engineering Science and Mechanics, Penn State University, University Park, PA 16802, USA
| | - Hui Fang
- Frederick Seitz Materials Research Laboratory, University of Illinois at Urbana-Champaign, Urbana, IL 61801, USA
- Department of Materials Science and Engineering, University of Illinois at Urbana-Champaign, Urbana, IL 61801, USA
| | - Marissa Thomson
- Department of Bioengineering, University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, Pennsylvania 19104, USA
- Center for Neuroengineering and Therapeutics, University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, PA 19104, USA
- Department of Chemical and Biomolecular Engineering University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, Pennsylvania 19104, USA
| | - Hank Bink
- Department of Bioengineering, University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, Pennsylvania 19104, USA
- Center for Neuroengineering and Therapeutics, University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, PA 19104, USA
| | - Delia Talos
- Department of Neurology, Perelman School of Medicine, University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, PA 19104, USA
| | - Kyung Jin Seo
- Frederick Seitz Materials Research Laboratory, University of Illinois at Urbana-Champaign, Urbana, IL 61801, USA
- Department of Materials Science and Engineering, University of Illinois at Urbana-Champaign, Urbana, IL 61801, USA
| | - Hee Nam Lee
- Frederick Seitz Materials Research Laboratory, University of Illinois at Urbana-Champaign, Urbana, IL 61801, USA
- Department of Chemical and Biomolecular Engineering, University of Illinois at Urbana- Champaign, Urbana, IL 61801, USA
| | - Seung-Kyun Kang
- Frederick Seitz Materials Research Laboratory, University of Illinois at Urbana-Champaign, Urbana, IL 61801, USA
- Department of Materials Science and Engineering, University of Illinois at Urbana-Champaign, Urbana, IL 61801, USA
| | - Jae-Hwan Kim
- Frederick Seitz Materials Research Laboratory, University of Illinois at Urbana-Champaign, Urbana, IL 61801, USA
- Department of Materials Science and Engineering, University of Illinois at Urbana-Champaign, Urbana, IL 61801, USA
| | - Jung Yup Lee
- Frederick Seitz Materials Research Laboratory, University of Illinois at Urbana-Champaign, Urbana, IL 61801, USA
- Department of Chemical and Biomolecular Engineering, University of Illinois at Urbana- Champaign, Urbana, IL 61801, USA
| | - Younggang Huang
- Department of Mechanical Engineering and Department of Civil and Environmental Engineering, Northwestern University, Evanston, IL 60208, USA
| | - Frances E. Jensen
- Center for Neuroengineering and Therapeutics, University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, PA 19104, USA
- Department of Neurology, Perelman School of Medicine, University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, PA 19104, USA
| | - Marc A. Dichter
- Center for Neuroengineering and Therapeutics, University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, PA 19104, USA
- Department of Neurology, Perelman School of Medicine, University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, PA 19104, USA
| | - Timothy H. Lucas
- Center for Neuroengineering and Therapeutics, University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, PA 19104, USA
- Department of Neurosurgery, Perelman School of Medicine, University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, PA 19104, USA
| | - Jonathan Viventi
- Department of Biomedical Engineering, Duke University, Durham, NC 27708, USA
| | - Brian Litt
- Department of Bioengineering, University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, Pennsylvania 19104, USA
- Center for Neuroengineering and Therapeutics, University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, PA 19104, USA
- Department of Neurology, Perelman School of Medicine, University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, PA 19104, USA
- To whom correspondence should be addressed. or
| | - John A. Rogers
- Department of Electrical and Computer Engineering, University of Illinois at Urbana-Champaign, Urbana, IL 61801, USA
- Frederick Seitz Materials Research Laboratory, University of Illinois at Urbana-Champaign, Urbana, IL 61801, USA
- Department of Materials Science and Engineering, University of Illinois at Urbana-Champaign, Urbana, IL 61801, USA
- To whom correspondence should be addressed. or
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397
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Abstract
The desire for flexible electronics is booming, and development of bioelectronics for health monitoring, internal body procedures, and other biomedical applications is heavily responsible for the growing market. Most current fabrication techniques for flexible bioelectronics, however, do not use materials that optimize both biocompatibility and mechanical properties. This Review explores flexible electronic technologies, fabrication methods, and protein materials for biomedical applications. With favorable sustainability and biocompatibility, naturally derived proteins are an exceptional alternative to synthetic materials currently used. Many proteins can take on various forms, such as fibers, films, and scaffolds. The fabrication of resistors and organic solar cells on silk has already been proven, and optoelectronics made of collagen and keratin have also been explored. The flexibility and biocompatibility of these materials along with their proven performance in electronics make them ideal materials in the advancement of biomedical devices.
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Affiliation(s)
- Maria Torculas
- Departments of Physics and Astronomy, ‡Electrical and Computer Engineering, ∇Mechanical Engineering, §Chemical Engineering, ∥Biomedical and Translational Sciences, and ⊥Biomedical Engineering, Rowan University, 201 Mullica Hill Road, Glassboro, New Jersey 08028, United States
| | - Jethro Medina
- Departments of Physics and Astronomy, Electrical and Computer Engineering, ∇Mechanical Engineering, §Chemical Engineering, ∥Biomedical and Translational Sciences, and ⊥Biomedical Engineering, Rowan University, 201 Mullica Hill Road, Glassboro, New Jersey 08028, United States
| | - Wei Xue
- Departments of Physics and Astronomy, Electrical and Computer Engineering, Mechanical Engineering, §Chemical Engineering, ∥Biomedical and Translational Sciences, and ⊥Biomedical Engineering, Rowan University, 201 Mullica Hill Road, Glassboro, New Jersey 08028, United States
| | - Xiao Hu
- Departments of Physics and Astronomy, Electrical and Computer Engineering, Mechanical Engineering, Chemical Engineering, ∥Biomedical and Translational Sciences, and ⊥Biomedical Engineering, Rowan University, 201 Mullica Hill Road, Glassboro, New Jersey 08028, United States
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398
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Chen Y, Jamshidi R, White K, Çınar S, Gallegos E, Hashemi N, Montazami R. Physical-chemical hybrid transiency: A fully transient li-ion battery based on insoluble active materials. ACTA ACUST UNITED AC 2016. [DOI: 10.1002/polb.24113] [Citation(s) in RCA: 23] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/11/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Yuanfen Chen
- Department of Mechanical Engineering; Iowa State University; Ames Iowa 50011
| | - Reihaneh Jamshidi
- Department of Mechanical Engineering; Iowa State University; Ames Iowa 50011
| | - Kathryn White
- Department of Mechanical Engineering; Iowa State University; Ames Iowa 50011
| | - Simge Çınar
- Department of Mechanical Engineering; Iowa State University; Ames Iowa 50011
| | - Emma Gallegos
- Department of Mechanical Engineering; Iowa State University; Ames Iowa 50011
| | - Nastaran Hashemi
- Department of Mechanical Engineering; Iowa State University; Ames Iowa 50011
| | - Reza Montazami
- Department of Mechanical Engineering; Iowa State University; Ames Iowa 50011
- Ames National Laboratory; Department of Energy; Ames Iowa 50011 USA
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399
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400
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Choi S, Lee H, Ghaffari R, Hyeon T, Kim DH. Recent Advances in Flexible and Stretchable Bio-Electronic Devices Integrated with Nanomaterials. ADVANCED MATERIALS (DEERFIELD BEACH, FLA.) 2016; 28:4203-18. [PMID: 26779680 DOI: 10.1002/adma.201504150] [Citation(s) in RCA: 431] [Impact Index Per Article: 53.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/25/2015] [Revised: 10/12/2015] [Indexed: 05/23/2023]
Abstract
Flexible and stretchable electronics and optoelectronics configured in soft, water resistant formats uniquely address seminal challenges in biomedicine. Over the past decade, there has been enormous progress in the materials, designs, and manufacturing processes for flexible/stretchable system subcomponents, including transistors, amplifiers, bio-sensors, actuators, light emitting diodes, photodetector arrays, photovoltaics, energy storage elements, and bare die integrated circuits. Nanomaterials prepared using top-down processing approaches and synthesis-based bottom-up methods have helped resolve the intrinsic mechanical mismatch between rigid/planar devices and soft/curvilinear biological structures, thereby enabling a broad range of non-invasive, minimally invasive, and implantable systems to address challenges in biomedicine. Integration of therapeutic functional nanomaterials with soft bioelectronics demonstrates therapeutics in combination with unconventional diagnostics capabilities. Recent advances in soft materials, devices, and integrated systems are reviewes, with representative examples that highlight the utility of soft bioelectronics for advanced medical diagnostics and therapies.
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Affiliation(s)
- Suji Choi
- Center for Nanoparticle Research, Institute for Basic Science (IBS), Seoul, 151-742, Republic of Korea
- School of Chemical and Biological Engineering, Seoul National University, Seoul, 151-742, Republic of Korea
| | - Hyunjae Lee
- Center for Nanoparticle Research, Institute for Basic Science (IBS), Seoul, 151-742, Republic of Korea
- School of Chemical and Biological Engineering, Seoul National University, Seoul, 151-742, Republic of Korea
| | - Roozbeh Ghaffari
- MC10 Inc., 9 Camp St., Cambridge, MA, 02140, USA
- Research Laboratory of Electronics, Massachusetts Institute of Technology, 77 Massachusetts Ave., Cambridge, MA, 02139, USA
| | - Taeghwan Hyeon
- Center for Nanoparticle Research, Institute for Basic Science (IBS), Seoul, 151-742, Republic of Korea
- School of Chemical and Biological Engineering, Seoul National University, Seoul, 151-742, Republic of Korea
| | - Dae-Hyeong Kim
- Center for Nanoparticle Research, Institute for Basic Science (IBS), Seoul, 151-742, Republic of Korea
- School of Chemical and Biological Engineering, Seoul National University, Seoul, 151-742, Republic of Korea
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